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Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Table of Contents Page i
Scotland County Landfill
Solid Waste Permit No. 83-01
October 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Report
Table of Contents
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 2
2.0 SITE GEOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 2
3.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS ............................................................................................. 2
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES ......................................................................................... 3
5.0 FIELD & LABORATORY RESULTS .............................................................................. 3
5.1 Laboratory Analysis ................................................................................................... 3
5.2 Field Results .............................................................................................................. 4
5.3 Inorganic Constituent Laboratory Results ............................................................... 4
5.4 Organic Constituent Laboratory Results .................................................................. 4
5.5 Surface Water Analytical Results ............................................................................. 5
6.0 CORRECTIVE MEASURES UPDATE ............................................................................ 5
7.0 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND RESULTS .................................................................... 5
7.1 Statistical Analysis .................................................................................................... 5
7.2 Statistical Results ..................................................................................................... 5
8.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION ...................................................................... 6
9.0 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 6
FIGURES
Figure 1 Groundwater Potentiometric Surface Map
Figure 2 Total VOC Isoconcentration Map
TABLES
Table 1 Groundwater Elevations
Table 2 Field Parameter Results
Table 3 Detected Inorganic Consituents
Table 4 Detected Organic Constituents
Table 5 Indicator Parameters
Table 6 Statistical Analysis Summary
Table 7 Conductivity and Velocity Calculations
APPENDICES
Appendix A Monitoring Well Information
Appendix B Laboratory Analytical Report
Appendix C Time vs. Concentration Graphs
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Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Page 2
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Scotland County Landfill, operating under Solid Waste Permit #83-01, is required to submit
semi-annual groundwater monitoring reports (15A NCAC 13B.0544) for assessment monitoring.
This report presents the results from the sampling conducted on October 19, 2016.
The Scotland County Landfill contains two disposal areas. Phase I is located north of Old
Maxton Road. Phases II and III are located south of Old Maxton Road. C&D waste is currently
accepted over the closed Phases II and III. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is presently
transferred off-site to a lined landfill in another county. The MSW landfill was closed per Solid
Waste Regulations and the certification report1 was submitted to the Solid Waste Section (SWS)
in August 1999. In 2007 the Scotland County Landfill was assessed to determine if groundwater
issues would require a remediation plan. The Corrective Action Plan2 was approved on
February 3, 2009. Section 8.0 of this report is an update regarding the current corrective action
situation for this facility.
This report includes a field procedure summary, laboratory and statistical analyses,
groundwater characterization, summary tables, graphs and laboratory analytical reports.
2.0 SITE GEOLOGY
According to the 1985 Geologic Map of North Carolina, the Scotland County Landfill is located in
an area underlain by the Middendorf Formation. The Geology of the Carolinas3 describes the
Middendorf Formation as deeply weathered at its type locality which has caused considerable
difficulty in identification. In North Carolina the Middendorf is described as interbedded sands
and clays with laterally discontinuous beds and common cross-bedding. Sandstone is the
dominant lithology with the basal portion being conglomeritic with quartz and white kaolin clay
clasts; believed to have been deposited in a fluvial upper delta plain environment.
3.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS
The groundwater monitoring network consists of twelve wells (MW-1 through MW-9 and MW-11
through MW-13) positioned around the landfill perimeter (Figure 1). MW-2 and MW-11 are only
sampled during the spring event as approved in the March 2012 Revised Corrective Action
Update4. MW-1 and MW-8 serve as the background wells for this site. Two surface water
sampling points are located up and downstream of the landfill on Shoe Heel Creek. An
equipment blank (EB) and trip blank (TB) were also analyzed for quality control purposes. Well
depths range from 14.5 to 40 feet below grade. Available boring logs, presented in Appendix A,
1 Construction Quality Assurance Report, Scotland County Landfill Phase III Closure, G.N. Richardson & Associates,
Inc. August 1999.
2 Corrective Action Plan, Scotland County Landfill, Richardson Smith Gardner and Associates, Approved
February 2009.
3 Horton, J. Wright, and Zullo, Victor, A., The Geology of the Carolinas, University of Tennessee Press, 1991.
4 Revised Corrective Action Update, Scotland County Landfill. Richardson Smith Gardner and Associates.
March 26, 2012.
Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Page 3
indicate they were installed in varying amounts of sand, silt and clay. Well construction details
are provided in Table 1.
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
Sampling procedures followed the protocols set forth in the site’s approved Water Quality
Monitoring Plan2 and the North Carolina Water Quality Monitoring Guidance Document for Solid
Waste Facilities (North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of
Waste Management). Each well was gauged to determine groundwater depth and then purged
three to five well volumes or until dry. Water table elevations and are included in Table 1.
Samples were collected in laboratory prepared containers for the specified analytical
procedures. Sampling equipment, was brought to the site in sterile condition from the
manufacturer or was cleaned in the laboratory and transported to the site in a condition to avoid
potential contamination. Groundwater samples were properly preserved, placed on ice and
transported to the laboratory facility within the specified hold times for analysis.
5.0 FIELD & LABORATORY RESULTS
Analytical results were compared to the NC DWM Solid Waste Section Quantitation Limits
(SWSLs), 15A NCAC 2L.0200 (2LStandard) and Federal Maximum Contaminant Limits (MCL).
Surface water results were compared with the NCAC 2B Standard for Class C waters (2B
Standard).
Constituents detected between the Method Detection Limit (MDL) and SWSL are a non-
quantifiable value defined by the laboratory as “J” values. Values reported below the MDL are
considered non-detect.
Select dissolved analysis was also performed on samples collected this event. An Alternate
Source Demonstration Report will be submitted to DEQ under a separate cover.
The laboratory analytical report is included as Appendix B.
5.1 Laboratory Analysis
Samples were collected and analyzed by Environment 1, Inc., Greenville, NC, a North
Carolina certified laboratory (NC Wastewater ID #10). Laboratory analysis for sampled
locations included select Appendix I and II parameters as well as designated MNA
parameters as identified in the approved March 26, 2012 revised corrective action
update. Additional dissolved samples were collected and analysed for arsenic,
chromium and vanadium.
The MNA constituent, dissolved methane, was analyzed by Microseeps, Inc. (220 William
Pitt Way, Pittsburg, PA 15238). Parameters were reported to the method detection
limits (MDL) established for each compound. Analysis for this consituent was performed
via the EPA approved method identified in the laboratory report.
Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Page 4
5.2 Field Results
Field parameters pH, conductivity, temperature and turbidity, were collected by
Environment 1; data is presented in Table 2. October 2016 data is generally consistent
with previously recorded field measurements at the site; however, turbidity
concentrations for several wells (MW-4, MW-7 and MW-12) were considerably higher
than historically detected concentrations.
5.3 Inorganic Constituent Laboratory Results
Two inorganic constituents were detected above their 2L Standard in samples collected
this event.
Chromium (MW-12)
Iron (MW-1, MW-6, MW-7, MW-9, MW-12 and MW-13)
Arsenic was also reprted in MW-4; at 10ug/l, the 2L Standard. Turbidity levels above
historically reported concentrations, are believed to have contributed to additional
inorangics detections this event. Dissolved analysis for arsenic (MW-4) and chromium
confirmed inorganic detections were a result of suspended soilds in the collected
groundwater samples.
Vanadium (MW-12) was the only inorganic constituent detected above its GWP Standard
for this event. High turbidity values resulting from naturally occurring metals likely
contributed to inorganic detections this event. Dissolved analyses for vanadium
confirmed high turbidity biased the results high and groundwater concetrations for this
constituent do not exceed the GWP standard.
Most inorganic constituents were non-quantifiable “J-values” or reported below the
MDL. Inorganic detections are presented on Table 3.
5.4 Organic Constituent Laboratory Results
Four organic constituents were detected above their 2L Standards:
1,1-Dichloroethane (MW-6),
1,4-Dichorobenzene (MW-6),
Benzene(MW-3, MW-6,and MW-9),
Vinyl chloride (MW-3, MW-4, MW-6 and MW-13).
Tetrahydrofuran was not reported in the samples collected this event. Organic
detections are presented on Table 4. Additionally, a total volatile organic compound
(VOC) isopach map is presented as Figure 2. This map shows where VOC concentrations
have been detected around the site for this sampling event.
Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Page 5
5.5 Surface Water Analytical Results
No inorganic or organic constituents were reported above the 2B Standard in samples
collected this event.
6.0 CORRECTIVE MEASURES UPDATE
Scotland County is currently operating under a Corrective Action Plan (CAP)5 approved February
3, 2009, and a Revised Corrective Action Update letter6 to Brian Wootton at NCDENR SWS
submitted on March 26, 2012. Adjustments to the MNA parameters were implemented starting
with the spring 2012 sampling event based on verbal approval from NCDENR, including reduced
sampling parameters, frequency and locations. Select MNA indicator parameters were
collected and analyzed for MNA designated locations this event. Laboratory results indicate
methanogenic processes continue to be present on site. Results are summarized in Table 5.
Per the revised CAP, full MNA parameters will not be collected again until the spring and fall
2017 event.
7.0 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
7.1 Statistical Analysis
Smith Gardner, Inc. (S+G) reviewed the laboratory data from this event to evaluate
trends, examine major site changes and establish statistical significance while
considering differences between up and down gradient wells. Data entry and analysis
was performed using the Chempoint and Chemstat statistical software package
developed specifically for RCRA Subtitle D sites (Starpoint Software, Cincinnati, OH).
Chemstat follows EPA and DWM protocols for approved statistical analysis methods for
groundwater data.
The data from this event was added to our existing site database, reviewed to evaluate
the most appropriate analysis methods and checked for outliers and erroneous results.
Initial analysis to determine noteworthy changes or data trends involved basic data
review and construction of a time-concentration graph for specific parameters (included
in Appendix C). A statistical analysis summary is presented as Table 6.
7.2 Statistical Results
Statistical analysis was performed for arsenic, chromium, iron and vanadium for
reported total metals concentrations at or above their 2L or GWP Standards this event.
Statistical analysis was not performed on constituents detected in background wells.
Wilcoxon Rand Individual Well Test (Intra-well) was completed for iron. Parametric
Prediction Limit Test (Inter-well) was completed for arsenic, chromium and vanadium.
No concentrations were determined to be statistically significant this event.
5 Corrective Action Plan, Scotland County Landfill, Richardson Smith Gardner and Associates, Inc. January 2009,
approved February 2009.
6 Letter from Joan Smyth of RSG to Brian Wootton of NCDENR dated March 26, 2012.
Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Page 6
8.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION
A potentiometric surface map was prepared from groundwater elevations for this sampling
event. In general, groundwater is flowing east toward Shoe Heel Creek Swamp. This is
consistent with groundwater flow patterns previously reported for the site. The potentiometric
surface map is attached as Figure 1.
Groundwater flow velocities were calculated for monitoring wells MW-1 through MW-8 using
the equation:
V = Ki/n
Where: K = hydraulic conductivity
i = groundwater gradient
n = porosity
Groundwater flow velocities ranged from 0.386 ft/day (MW-2) to 1.345 ft/day (MW-8), and
averaged 1.299 ft/day. Calculated flow velocities are presented in Table 7.
9.0 CONCLUSIONS
Laboratory results indicate that water quality at the Scotland County Landfill is generally
consistent with reported historical detections. Groundwater analysis indicates that inorganic
parameter concentrations were likely influenced by high turbidity of naturally occurring metals
in samples collected this event. Flow direction and gradient remain consistent with reported
historical observations. The facility will continue semi-annual monitoring with the next event
that will include full MNA analysis, scheduled for April 2017.
Scotland County Landfill October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
January 2017 Page 7
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FIGURES
October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
Scotland County Landfill
Solid Waste Permit No. 83-01
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MW-2
TOC = 197.62DTW = 22.25
GWE = 175.37
MW-3
TOC = 192.92
DTW = 21.60
GWE = 171.32
MW-4
TOC = 191.11
DTW = 22.61
GWE = 168.50
MW-5
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DTW = 181.39
GWE = 12.30
MW-6
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DTW = 15.80
GWE = 170.64
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DTW = 16.60GWE = 177.93
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DTW = 8.33GWE = 187.72
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MW-9
TOC = 171.22
DTW = 6.65
GWE = 164.57
MW-1
TOC = 192.83
DTW = 5.35
GWE = 187.48
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October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
Scotland County Landfill
Solid Waste Permit No. 83-01
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7
J
5
7
2
.
1
J
7
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4
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9
J
6
.
8
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1
1
No
t
e
:
MD
L
-
Me
t
h
o
d
D
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t
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t
i
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n
L
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m
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p
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e
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l
.
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l
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d
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a
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u
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m
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La
b
a
n
a
l
y
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b
y
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n
v
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t
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n
c
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p
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6
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l
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n
t
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6
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0
.
2L
-
Gr
o
u
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d
w
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t
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t
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d
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s
(
1
5
A
N
C
A
C
2
L
0
2
0
0
)
GW
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o
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n
d
w
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t
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S
t
a
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d
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s
(
n
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t
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*)
MC
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F
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r
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l
M
a
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a
m
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2
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S
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a
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f
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l
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De
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c
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a
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P
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1
9
,
2
0
1
6
By: MG Date: 12/12/2016
Pa
r
a
m
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t
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r
M
D
L
S
W
S
L
2
L
/
G
W
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3
No
t
e
:
MD
L
-
M
e
t
h
o
d
D
e
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c
t
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n
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m
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T
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l
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t
a
n
d
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r
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s
(
1
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N
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A
C
2
L
0
2
0
0
)
GW
P
-
Gr
o
u
n
d
w
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t
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t
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n
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t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
(
n
o
t
e
d
b
y
*)
MC
L
-
F
e
d
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r
a
l
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
C
o
n
t
a
m
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a
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t
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e
v
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l
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L
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t
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a
b
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2
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o
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t
a
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a
b
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d
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f
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d
c
o
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c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
b
e
t
w
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e
n
M
D
L
a
n
d
S
W
S
L
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M
D
L
-
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o
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d
a
t
o
r
a
b
o
v
e
M
D
L
NE
-
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t
a
n
d
a
r
d
N
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t
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s
t
a
b
l
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NA
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1
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n
c
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r
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p
o
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d
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d
12
/
1
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2
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1
6
,
C
l
i
e
n
t
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D
#
6
0
0
0
.
H:\
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
s
\
G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
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r
M
o
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t
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n
g
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2
.
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r
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u
n
d
w
a
t
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r
M
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n
i
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r
i
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g
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p
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2
3
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c
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t
l
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n
d
1
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6
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s
c
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g
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b
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x
l
s
x
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b
l
e
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In
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
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a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
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o
t
l
a
n
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o
u
n
t
y
L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Oc
t
o
b
e
r
1
9
,
2
0
1
6
By: MG Date: 12/13/2016
Pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
(
u
n
i
t
s
)
M
D
L
M
W
-
1
M
W
-
3
M
W
-
4
M
W
-
5
M
W
-
6
M
W
-
7
M
W
-
8
M
W
-
9
M
W
-
1
2
M
W
-
1
3
CO
D
(
m
g
/
l
)
20
<
2
0
N
A
N
A
N
A
3
1
3
8
N
A
<
2
0
2
8
2
3
Ni
t
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t
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(
m
g
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l
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2
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4
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1
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6
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3
6
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8
7
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1
To
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(
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g
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1
4
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7
8
3
1
5
N
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1
2
1
2
3
9
Ch
l
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(
m
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l
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9
N
A
N
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1
2
1
2
N
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1
2
2
2
2
1
Su
l
f
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t
e
(
m
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l
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3
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N
A
1
6
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5
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6
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7
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1
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5
6
.
3
J
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l
f
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d
e
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g
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l
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10
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1
0
0
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A
N
A
N
A
3
2
3
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1
0
0
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A
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1
0
0
<
1
0
0
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1
0
0
Di
s
s
o
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d
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y
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(
m
g
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l
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1
6
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0
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4
9
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2
9
5
.
9
8
0
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2
8
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5
4
5
.
6
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1
.
1
4
4
.
0
4
0
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4
2
OR
P
(
M
V
)
NE
1
1
7
6
6
5
1
6
5
3
1
-
2
9
1
7
7
1
2
4
2
1
4
7
2
Me
t
h
a
n
e
(
u
g
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l
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0.
0
3
7
1
.
5
N
A
N
A
N
A
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
N
A
3
9
0
2
8
0
1
7
0
No
t
e
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x
APPENDIX A
Monitoring Well Information
October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
Scotland County Landfill
Soild Waste Permit No. 83-01
This page intentionally left blank.
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
BOREHOLE NUMBER
PROJECT NAME:
LOCATION:
DRILLING CO:
DRILLING METHOD:
FIELD PARTY:
GEOLOGIST:
DATE BEGUN: COMPLETED:
TOTAL DEPTH:
TOP OF CASING ELEV.:
Depth (ft)
Time
Date
STATIC WATER LEVEL (BLS)
DE
P
T
H
BL
O
W
C
O
U
N
T
SA
M
P
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I
N
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T
H
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D
RE
C
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E
R
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DR
I
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L
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T
H
O
D
DESCRIPTION LI
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O
G
Y
WE
L
L
IN
S
T
A
L
L
A
T
I
O
N
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
DE
P
T
H
Richardson Smith Gardner & Assoc
14 North Boylan Avenue, Raleigh NC 27603
(919) 828-0577 Page 1 of 1
GROUND ELEV.:
NORTHING:EASTING:0 0
MW-12
HSA
Scotland County Landfill
Laurinburg, NC
Zebra Environmental, Inc.
Dan Ferrell
J. Smyth
8/26/09 8/27/09
35
GRAB
GRAB
GRAB
GRAB
GRAB
GRAB
HSA SOIL: Dark brown dry topsoil
SILTY SAND: Dry, brown to red silty F-M sand.
CLAYEY SILTY SAND: Dry, tan brown clayey silty
F-M sand.
SILTY SAND: Dry, red brown to tan silty F-M sand.
SILTY SAND: Moist, light tan silty F-M sand grading
to silty F sand at 25 feet.
SILTY SAND: Wet, Light tan, silty fF sand. B.T. at
35 feet.
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
BOREHOLE NUMBER
PROJECT NAME:
LOCATION:
DRILLING CO:
DRILLING METHOD:
FIELD PARTY:
GEOLOGIST:
DATE BEGUN: COMPLETED:
TOTAL DEPTH:
TOP OF CASING ELEV.:
Depth (ft)
Time
Date
STATIC WATER LEVEL (BLS)
DE
P
T
H
BL
O
W
C
O
U
N
T
SA
M
P
L
I
N
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D
DESCRIPTION LI
T
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L
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IN
S
T
A
L
L
A
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I
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N
0.0
5.0
10.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
DE
P
T
H
Richardson Smith Gardner & Assoc
14 North Boylan Avenue, Raleigh NC 27603
(919) 828-0577 Page 1 of 1
GROUND ELEV.:
NORTHING:EASTING:0 0
MW-13
HSA
Scotland County Landfill
Laurinburg, NC
Zebra Environmental, Inc.
Dan Ferrell
J. Smyth
8/26/09 8/27/09
14.5
GRAB
GRAB
GRAB
HSA SOIL: Dark brown dry topsoil
SILTY SAND: Wet, black to gray silty F-M sand to
sandy silt.
SILTY SAND: Wet, Light tan silty F-C sand. B.T. @
14.5 feet.
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
APPENDIX B
Laboratory Analytical Report
October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
Scotland County Landfill
Soild Waste Permit No. 83-01
This page intentionally left blank.
APPENDIX C
Time vs. Concentration Graphs
October 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Reports
Scotland County Landfill
Solid Waste Permit No. 83-01
This page intentionally left blank.
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7/18/2013 10/19/2016
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7/18/2013 10/19/2016
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10/18/2015 10/19/2016
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7/18/2013 10/19/2016