5503_LincolnCoCDLF_GWMR_DIN27923_20160411

April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill - Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Prepared for:
Lincoln County
5291 Crouse Road
Crouse, North Carolina 28033
Prepared by:
S&ME, Inc.
9751 Southern Pine Boulevard
Charlotte, NC 28273
July 20, 2016
S&ME, Inc. | 9751 Southern Pine Boulevard | Charlotte, NC 28273 | p 704.523.4726 | f 704.525.3953 | www.smeinc.com
July 22, 2016
Lincoln County
5291 Crouse Road
Crouse, North Carolina 28033
Attention:Mr. Mark Bivins
Reference:April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Dear Mr. Bivins:
S&ME Inc. (S&ME) has completed the April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring and Reporting for the Lincoln
County Landfill. This report presents the results of the first monitoring event of the year for the facility.
S&ME appreciates the continued opportunity to provide services to you and Lincoln County. If you have
any questions or need additional information regarding this report, please contact us at [phone].
Sincerely,
S&ME, Inc.
Amanda Bloom Edmund Q.B. Henriques, L.G.
Staff Professional Senior Geologist
NC Registration No. 1216
Cc: Jaclynne Drummond, NCDENR – Solid Waste Section
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 ii
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................1
2.0 Groundwater Levels and Flow............................................................................1
3.0 Analytical Data ......................................................................................................1
3.1 Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling......................................................................1
3.1.1 MSW Area “E” and Phase 1...............................................................................................1
3.1.1.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)...........................................................................2
3.1.1.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals).....................................................................................3
3.1.2 MSW Phase 2......................................................................................................................4
3.1.2.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)...........................................................................4
3.1.2.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals).....................................................................................4
3.1.3 MSW Phase 3......................................................................................................................4
3.1.3.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)...........................................................................4
3.1.3.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals).....................................................................................4
3.1.4 C&D Landfill Phase 1 and 2...............................................................................................5
3.1.4.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)...........................................................................5
3.1.4.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals).....................................................................................5
3.1.4.3 Classical Chemistry Compounds...................................................................................6
3.1.5 Surface Water Locations SW-1 through SW-5...................................................................6
3.1.6 Surface Water Location SW-6.............................................................................................6
3.2 Leachate Sampling............................................................................................................6
4.0 Statistical Analysis................................................................................................7
4.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)...........................................................................7
4.2 Total Metals.......................................................................................................................8
5.0 Methane Readings.................................................................................................8
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 iii
Appendices
Appendix I – Drawings
Appendix II –Tables
Appendix III – Well Sampling Logs and Laboratory Reports
Appendix IV – Statistical Analysis Procedures
Appendix V – Graphs Depicting Concentrations over Time for Wells with a Statistically Significant
Increase
Appendix VI – Monthly Methane Data (November 2015-April 2016)
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 1
1.0 Introduction
S&ME, Inc. (S&ME) was contracted by Lincoln County to provide groundwater, surface water, and leachate
monitoring services at the Lincoln County Landfill located at 5291 Crouse Road in Crouse, North Carolina.
This semi-annual monitoring event was conducted on April 11
th through 13
th, 2016.
This report presents the results of the first semi-annual sampling event for the year 2016 at the facility.
The facility’s monitoring network includes one background well (MW-1A), twenty-nine compliance wells,
six surface water sample locations, and one leachate sample. The next sampling event is scheduled for
October 2016.
2.0 Groundwater Levels and Flow
The water table elevations and our interpretation of the groundwater surface expressed as a
potentiometric map along with groundwater flow direction are shown on Drawing 1 of 1 in Appendix I.
Based upon the groundwater elevations in the vicinity of the landfill, groundwater in this area is projected
to flow primarily to the south, with secondary flow toward the southwest and southeast toward tributaries
located east and west of the landfills. Groundwater levels for the monitoring wells are presented in Table
1 in Appendix II.
The hydraulic gradient (i) in the vicinity of each well was estimated by calculating the vertical difference
between the groundwater elevation at each well and one or more nearby contour lines from Drawing 1
of 1. This value was then divided by the horizontal distance measured from the well to the selected
groundwater elevation contour line. Groundwater velocity was calculated by multiplying the gradient (i)
by the hydraulic conductivity (k) and dividing by the estimated effective porosity (ne) of the aquifer.Table
2 in Appendix II summarizes the groundwater flow rates for the monitoring wells.
3.0 Analytical Data
Analytical results for the landfill monitoring wells, surface water samples, and leachate sample are
summarized in Tables 4 through 10 in Appendix II. Detections with concentrations greater than the
NCAC 2L .0202 Groundwater Quality Standards (2L Standards), NCAC 2B surface water standards (2B
Standards), and/or SW GWP Standard are highlighted in gray. Field measurements of pH, conductivity,
and temperature are summarized in Table 3 in Appendix II. Well sampling logs containing this
information are included in Appendix III.
3.1 Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling
3.1.1 MSW Area “E” and Phase 1
MSW Area “E” and Phase 1 groundwater monitoring well locations were sampled for Appendix I volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) and Appendix I metals. In addition to Appendix I VOCs and metals, the
groundwater analysis for background monitoring well MW-1A also included inorganic constituents iron
and manganese. A summary of the detected analytes associated with this Phase of the landfill is included
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 2
as Table 4 in Appendix II. The groundwater monitoring wells associated with these areas include
background well MW-1A, compliance wells MW-8, MW-9, and MW-10R that monitor the abandoned
leachate pond, and compliance wells MW-12 through MW-20 that monitor down gradient and side
gradient of the unlined MSW landfill Area “E” and the lined MSW landfill identified as Phase 1.
Based on the laboratory analytical reports included in Appendix III, 14 VOCs and 14 metals were detected
in MSW Area “E” and Phase 1 groundwater monitoring wells during the April 2016 monitoring event.
3.1.1.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Background monitoring well MW-1A had a detection of Chloroform at a concentration of 14 micrograms
per liter (µg/L), which is less than the 2L Standard of 70 µg/L. Both Bromoform and Chloroform have
historically been detected in monitoring well MW-1A which are commonly associated with chlorinated
municipal water. Due to MW-1A’s close proximity to Crouse Road, it is likely the detection of Chloroform
in the well is from a leaking nearby municipal water or sewer line.
No VOCs were detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-8, MW-9, MW-10R, MW-12, MW-15, and
MW-18 during the April 2016 monitoring event.
Monitoring wells MW-13, MW-14, MW-16R, MW-17R, MW-19, and MW-20 contained two or more of the
thirteen VOCs detected. Of the VOCs detected, five compounds were detected at concentrations greater
than their respective 2L Standard: 1,1-Dichloroethane, Benzene, Methylene Chloride, Tetrachloroethene,
and Vinyl Chloride. Please note that groundwater monitoring wells MW-14 and MW-20 had no VOC
detections above their respective 2L Standards.
The analytical results for groundwater monitoring well MW-13 indicated that 1,1-Dichloroethane,
Benzene, Tetrachloroethene, and Vinyl Chloride were detected at concentrations greater than their
respective 2L Standards. The results of which are as follows:
♦1,1-Dichloroethane detected at 11 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 4.5 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethene detected at 3.0 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.96 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.3 µg/L.
The results for groundwater monitoring well MW-16R indicated that Benzene and Vinyl Chloride were
detected at concentrations greater than their respective 2L Standard. The results of which are as follows:
♦Benzene detected at 7.6 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Vinyl chloride detected at 3.9 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
The results for groundwater monitoring well MW-17R indicated that Benzene and Methylene Chloride
were detected at concentrations greater than their respective 2L Standard. The results of which are as
follows:
♦Benzene detected at 3.4 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride at 27 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
The results for groundwater monitoring well MW-19 indicated that 1,1-Dichloroethane, Benzene, and
Tetrachloroethene were detected at concentrations greater than their respective 2L Standard. The results
are as follows:
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 3
♦1,1-Dichloroethane detected at 15 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 1.6 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethene detected at 2.1 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
Groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-14, MW-16R, MW-17R, MW-19 and MW-20 monitor down
gradient and side gradient of the of the unlined Area “E” landfill, and the volatile organic constituents
detected in these wells are associated with the unlined landfill section.
3.1.1.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
The groundwater monitoring wells associated with the MSW Area “E” and Phase 1 landfills had two or
more Appendix I metals detected other than groundwater monitoring well MW-20 which only had one
Appendix I metal detected. Five constituents were detected at concentrations greater than their
respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard: Antimony, Arsenic, Cobalt, Thallium, and Vanadium.
♦Antimony was detected at concentrations greater than its SW GWP Standard of 1.4 µg/L in
compliance monitoring wells MW-14, and MW-19 at concentrations of 6.99 and 2.97 J µg/L
respectively.
♦Arsenic was detected at concentrations greater than its 2L Standard of 10 µg/L in compliance
monitoring well MW-13 at a concentration of 13.6 µg/L.
♦Cobalt was detected at concentrations greater than its SW GWP Standard of 1 µg/L in compliance
monitoring wells MW-8, MW-12, MW-13, MW-14, MW-16R, and MW-17R at concentrations of 2.38
and 308 µg/L, respectively.
♦Thallium was detected at concentrations greater than its SW GWP Standard of 0.28 µg/L in
compliance monitoring wells MW-13, MW-16R and MW-17R at concentrations ranging from 0.558 J
to 0.603 J µg/L.
♦Vanadium was detected at concentrations greater than its SW GWP Standard of 0.3 µg/L in
compliance groundwater monitoring wells MW-8, MW-9, MW-10R, MW-17R, MW-18, and MW-19 at
concentrations ranging from 1.44 J to 9.40 J µg/L.
Total metal concentrations in groundwater sampled from wells are often dependent on the turbidity or
suspended particulates (from the aquifer formation) retrieved with the groundwater sample. The turbidity
is a function of the sampling method, well construction, how the well was developed, and the grain
size/consolidation of the lithologic unit sampled. Since the unfiltered samples are acidified in the field at
the time of collection, metals contained within the particulates are dissolved into the sample. Thus, the
presence of turbidity in groundwater samples can results in elevated (false positive) analytical results for
total metal concentrations. Therefore, the presence of elevated total metal concentrations does not
necessarily correlate with groundwater impact.
Based on historical water quality data, the background well and each of the compliance groundwater
monitoring wells have contained at least one total metal at concentrations above the 2L Standards. Metal
concentrations in several wells have fluctuated below and above detection limits. In background well
MW-1A, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, iron, lead, silver, and vanadium have been detected at
concentrations above the 2L Standards. Based on this data, it reasonable to infer that the majority of the
metals detected within the monitoring wells are either naturally occurring or a product of turbidity during
sampling.
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 4
3.1.2 MSW Phase 2
MSW Phase 2 groundwater monitoring well locations were sampled for Appendix I VOCs and Appendix I
metals. A summary of the detected analytes associated with this Phase of the landfill is included as Table
5 in Appendix II. The groundwater monitoring wells associated with this Phase are compliance wells
MW-21 and MW-24 that monitor side gradient of the landfill and MW-25 and MW-25A that monitor the
Phase 2 sump.
3.1.2.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
No VOCs were detected in the MSW Phase 2 monitoring wells at a concentration greater than its
respective SW GWP Standard during the April 2016 monitoring event. Acetone was detected in
monitoring well MW-21, but at a concentration less than its respective SW GWP Standard.
3.1.2.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
The groundwater monitoring wells associated with the Phase 2 landfill had four or more Appendix I
metals detections. Antimony was detected at a concentration greater than the SW GWP Standard of 1
µg/L in groundwater monitoring well MW-25A. Cobalt was detected a concentrations greater that the SW
GWP Standards of 1 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells MW-21, MW-24, and MW-25A. Vanadium was
detected at concentrations greater than the SW GWP Standard of 0.3 µg/L in groundwater monitoring
wells MW-21 and MW-25A at concentrations of 2.24 J and 4.07 J µg/L respectively.
As previously discussed above, it appears that the majority of the metals detected within the groundwater
monitoring wells are either naturally occurring or a product of turbidity during sampling.
3.1.3 MSW Phase 3
MSW Phase 3 groundwater monitoring well locations were sampled for Appendix I VOCs and Appendix I
metals. A summary of the detected analytes associated with this phase of the landfill is included in Table
6 in Appendix II. The groundwater monitoring wells associated with this area include compliance wells
MW-32R and MW-34 that monitor down gradient and side gradient of the landfill and MW-33/33A and
MW-35/35A that monitor the Phase 3 sump locations.
3.1.3.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
No VOCs were detected in the MSW Phase 3 monitoring wells during the April 2016 monitoring event.
3.1.3.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
The groundwater monitoring wells associated with the Phase 3 landfill had two or more Appendix I metals
detected, three of which were detected at concentrations greater than their respective 2L Standard or SW
GWP Standard. The detections above standards are as follows:
♦Antimony was detected in groundwater monitoring well MW-33A at a concentration of 3.89 J µg/L, a
concentration greater than the SW GWP Standard of 1.4 µg/L
♦Cobalt was detected in groundwater monitoring well MW-34 at 4.43 µg/L, a concentration greater
than the SW GWP Standard of 1 µg/L.
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 5
♦Vanadium was detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-32R, MW-33A, and MW-35A at a
concentration range of 1.47 J to 5.58 J µg/L, concentrations greater than the SW GWP Standard of 0.3
µg/L
As previously discussed above, it is inferred that the majority of the metals detected within the
groundwater monitoring wells are either naturally occurring or a product of turbidity during sampling.
3.1.4 C&D Landfill Phase 1 and 2
C&D Landfill Phase 1 and Phase 2 groundwater monitoring well locations were sampled for Appendix I
VOCs; Appendix I metals plus mercury, manganese, and iron; and four classical chemistry compounds:
Chloride, Total Dissolved Solids, Sulfate, and Alkalinity. A summary of the detected analytes associated
with the C&D Landfills is included as Table 7 and 8 in Appendix II. The groundwater monitoring wells
associated with the C&D landfill include compliance wells MW-26, MW-27, and MW-28 that monitor
Phase 1 and MW-29, MW-30, MW-31, and MW-36 that monitor Phase 2. Groundwater monitoring well
MW-36 was installed near the C&D compliance boundary as part of the 2013 C&D Assessment. During
the April 2016 monitoring event, MW-26 was dry and could not be sampled.
3.1.4.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
C&D Landfill groundwater monitoring wells had four VOCs detected during the April 2016 monitoring
event, one of which was detected at a concentration greater than their respective 2L Standard.
♦Tetrachloroethene was detected in groundwater monitoring well MW-28 at a concentration of 9.0
µg/L, which is greater than its 2L Standard of 0.7 µg/L.
3.1.4.2 Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
The groundwater monitoring wells associated with the C&D landfill had six or more metals detections,
and three constituents were detected at concentrations greater than their respective 2L Standard and/or
SW GWP Standard. The detections at concentrations greater than standards are as follows:
♦Chromium was detected in groundwater monitoring well MW-36 at a concentration of 27.6 µg/L,
which is above the 2L Standard of 10 µg/L.
♦Cobalt was detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-26, MW-27, MW-28, MW-29, MW-31,
MW-36 at a concentrations ranging from 1.65 J to 9.74 µg/L, which are greater than the 2L Standard
of 1 µg/L.
♦Iron was detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-29, MW-30, MW-31, and MW-36 at
concentrations ranging from 416 to 22,400 µg/L, which are greater than the 2L Standard of 300 µg/L.
♦Manganese was detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-26, MW-27, MW-28, MW-29, and
MW-36 at concentrations ranging from 75.4 to 679 µg/L, which are greater than the 2L Standard of 50
µg/L.
♦Thallium was detected in ground water monitoring well MW-36 at a concentration of 0.557 J µg/L,
which is greater than its SW GWP Standard of 0.28 µg/L.
♦Vanadium was detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-27, MW-28, and MW-36 at
concentrations ranging from 2.0 J to 35.5 J µg/L, which are greater than the SW GWP Standard of 0.3
µg/L.
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 6
As previously discussed above, it appears that the majority of the metals detected within the groundwater
monitoring wells are either naturally occurring or a product of turbidity during sampling. Since October
2007, Iron and Manganese have been included in the analysis for the C&D wells, and since April 2008, Iron
and Manganese were included in the analysis for the background well MW-1A. Iron and Manganese have
been detected in MW-1A in each monitoring event that has included their analysis.
3.1.4.3 Classical Chemistry Compounds
Total Dissolved Solids, Chloride, Sulfate, and Alkalinity were analyzed for in the C&D landfill groundwater
monitoring wells. The results of the analyses are summarized in Tables 7 and 8 in Appendix II. No
constituents were detected at concentrations greater than their respective 2L Standard and/or SW GWP
Standard.
Lincoln County Landfill has five surface water sampling locations positioned in the tributaries located to
the east, south, and west of the landfill as indicated on the attached Drawing 1 of 1 in Appendix I. The
original five surface water samples are analyzed for Appendix I VOCs and Appendix I metals plus Mercury,
Iron and Manganese. Beginning with the April 2010 sampling event, a sixth (6th) surface water sample
location was added to the semi-annual monitoring plan, SW-6. The addition of SW-6 to the monitoring
plan was in response to the January 2009 leachate release at the facility. SW-6 is located at the discharge
of the lowland area downgradient from the leachate holding tanks as indicated on Drawing 1 of 1. A
summary of the detected analytes associated with the surface water samples collected is included as
Table 9 in Appendix II.
3.1.5 Surface Water Locations SW-1 through SW-5
Surface water sample analytical result reported:
♦Sample SW-1 had detections of three VOCs associated with chlorinated municipal water. Four metals
were also detected at concentrations above the method reporting limit.
♦Samples SW-2, SW-3, SW-4, and SW-5 had no volatile organic compounds detected during the April
2016 monitoring event; whereas, three or more metals were detected in surface water samples from
locations SW-1, SW-2, SW-3, SW-4, and SW-5.
3.1.6 Surface Water Location SW-6
Surface water from SW-6 is analyzed for Appendix I VOCs, Appendix I metals, and classic chemistry
compounds: Biologic Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrate/Nitrite, Sulfate,
Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and Phosphorous. Each detection was less than its respective 2B Standard.
3.2 Leachate Sampling
A sample of the leachate from the leachate collection system for the landfill was collected from the lift
station prior to leachate entering the on-site leachate holding tanks. The leachate sample was analyzed
for Appendix I VOCs, Appendix I metals, BOD, COD, Nitrate/Nitrite, Sulfate, TSS, and Phosphorous. A
summary of the detected analytes for the leachate is included as Table 10 in Appendix II.
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 7
4.0 Statistical Analysis
S&ME compared the water quality data with the 2L Standards and the SW GWP standards and performed
a statistical evaluation of the data. S&ME utilized three statistical methods to evaluate statistically
significant increases between the compliance monitoring wells and the background monitoring well (MW-
1A).
The first method utilized was a one-way parametric Analysis of Variance (Parametric ANOVA). The
parametric ANOVA analysis is recommended by the 1992 guidance document for parameters with fewer
than 15% non-detects in a specific well.
The second method used was the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric rank method. The Kruskal-Wallis
method is recommended by the 1992 guidance document for parameters that have 15% to 90% non-
detects in a specific well.
The third method used was an inter-well non-parametric prediction limit. The prediction limit was used for
parameters with greater than 90% non-detects in a specific well. The 1992 guidance document
recommends this method when a significant portion of the samples are non-detect.
Tables 11 through 13 in Appendix II summarize the results of the statistical analysis. Copies of the
analytical procedures used to perform the analysis used by the ChemStat software are included in
Appendix IV.
4.1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
One or more volatile organic compounds were found to have a statistical increase over background
concentrations in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-16 (16R), MW-17 (17R), MW-19, and MW-
20 that are located down-gradient from the unlined closed landfill Area “E”. The statistical increases are as
follows:
♦1,1-Dichloroethane in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-16(16R), MW-19 and MW-20. It
should be noted that concentrations in MW-13 and MW-16 have decreased over time.
♦1,4-Dichlorobenzene in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13 and MW-16(16R).
♦Acetone in groundwater monitoring well MW-13. It should be noted that concentrations of acetone
in MW-13 have varied from detect to non-detect.
♦Benzene in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13 and MW-16(16R).
♦cis-1,2-Dichloroethene in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-16(16R), MW-19 and MW-20.
♦Chlorobenzene in groundwater monitoring well MW-16(16R).
♦Methylene Chloride in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-17(17R), MW-19 and MW-20. It is
noted that concentrations in MW-13, MW-19 and MW-20 have decreased over time.
♦Tetrachloroethene in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13 and MW-19.
♦Toluene in groundwater monitoring well MW-13.
♦Trichloroethene in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13 and MW-19.
♦Vinyl Chloride in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13 and MW-16(16R). It should be noted that
concentrations in MW-16(16R) have decreased over time.
♦Total Xylenes in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-16(16R), and MW-17(17R). It should be
noted that concentrations in MW-16(16R) have varied between detect and non-detect.
April 2016 Semi-Annual Monitoring Report
Lincoln County Landfill Permit # 55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
July 22, 2016 8
There were no volatile organic compounds with statistically significant increases over background for the
Phase 2 and Phase 3 MSW wells. Graphs depicting concentrations over time for constituents with a
statistical increase are provided in Appendix V.
4.2 Total Metals
Total metal concentrations in groundwater sampled from wells are often dependent on the turbidity or
suspended particulates (from the aquifer formation) retrieved with the groundwater sample. The turbidity
is a function of the sampling method, well construction, how the well was developed, and the grain
size/consolidation of the lithologic unit sampled. Since the unfiltered samples are acidified in the field at
the time of sample collection, metals contained within the particulates are dissolved into the water
sample. Thus, the presence of turbidity in groundwater samples often results in elevated (false positive)
analytical results for total metal concentrations. Therefore, the presence of elevated total metal
concentrations does not necessarily correlate with groundwater impact.
Based on the historical water quality data, the background well and each of the compliance groundwater
monitoring wells (excluding MW-19, 22, 24 and 25) have contained at least one (1) total metal at
concentrations above the 2L Standards. The statistical evaluation indicates that ten of the compliance
groundwater monitoring wells (MW-8, 10R, 12, 12R, 13, 15, 16R, 17R, 33A, and 34,) contained at least one
(1) metal at a statistically significant level higher than the background well. Metal concentrations in
several wells have fluctuated between non-detect and detect. In the background well, MW-1A, antimony,
beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, iron, lead, silver, and vanadium have been detected at
concentrations above the 2L Standards. Graphs depicting concentrations over time for constituents with a
statistical increase are provided in Appendix V.
5.0 Methane Readings
Methane Readings are collected from 11 locations on site, including eight methane monitoring wells
(MMW-1 through MMW-8) and the scale house, landfill shop, and lift station on site. Methane readings
are measured monthly by Lincoln County personnel using a GEM 2000 gas meter. November 2015
through April 2016 methane readings, and a figure showing their locations are located in Appendix VI.
Appendices
Appendix I – Drawings
G
G
G
G
G
G
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MW-8
MW-26
C&D PHASE II
C&D PHASE I
EXISTING AREA "E"CLOSED LANDFILLEXISTING AREA "D"PHASE IPHASE II
PHASE III
MW-9(810.03)
MW-30(836.8)
MW-18(835.2)
MW-36(828.56)
MW-35(807.61)
MW-34(806.29)
MW-33(805.96)
MW-31(849.81)
MW-29(841.07)
MW-28(872.27)
MW-27(863.15)
MW-25(813.19)
MW-24(817.76)
MW-21(819.04)MW-20(844.88)
MW-1A(891.04)
MW-15(822.23)
MW-14(841.19)MW-13(840.97)
MW-12(822.49)
MW-32R(812.07)
MW-25A(812.69)MW-17R(858.97)
MW-16R(862.71)
MW-10R(811.42)
MW-19(833.06)
830
8 3 5
825
8 4 0
8 4 5
8
2
0
8 5 0
8
1
5
8
5
5
8
6
0
8 1 0
8 6 5 8 7 0
8 7 5
8 8 0
8 8 5
8
9
0
SW-4
SW-5
SW-1
SW-2
SW-3
SW-6
856
86 4
8 5 2
8 4 8
8 4 4
8 3 6
8
3
2
828
824
868
872
87 6
816
884
888
812
892808
804
796
8 9 6
904
9 0 8
912 916
9 2 4
792
788
784
9 2 8
932
9
3
6
864
924
924
904
9 1 6
892
884
7 8 4
936
928
796
8 1 2
9 1 2
824
9
3
6
8
7
6
9 1 2
936
844
868
8 9 2
912
808
7 8 8
9 2 8
848
8
8
8
932
8
6
8
904
856
932
8 8 8
856
892
8
6
8
9 0 8
896
9 0 4
784
8 7 2
872
848
8 5 2
9 0 8
90
8
9 2 4
876
8 8 4
912
8 1 2
892
916
836
924
9 3 2
S H O A L R D
C R O U S E R D
Y
O
D
E
R R
D
SHIRLEY REYNOLDS LN
0 500 1,000Feet
LEGEND
<GROUNDWATER MONITOR WELLS
G SURFACE WATER SAMPLE
GROUNDWATER CONTOURS - 5 FT INTERVAL
C&D LANDFILL BOUNDARY
MSW BOUNDARY
STREAMS
4' CONTOURS
ROADS
DIRT ROADS
SITE
´
1
G R O U N D W A T E R C O N T O U R M A P - A P R I L 2 0 1 6
L I N C O L N C O U N T Y L A N D F I L L
C R O U S E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A
1 3 5 6 -0 7 -0 0 4
1 " = 5 0 0 '
J U L Y 2 0 1 6
FIGURE NO.
S C A L E :
P R O J E C T N O :
D A T E :
D R A W N B Y :
C H E C K E D B Y :
N C E N G . L I C E N S E #F -0 1 7 6
3 2 0 1 S P R I N G F O R E S T R D , R A L E I G H , N C 2 7 6 1 6
W W W .S M E I N C .C O M
D R A W I N G N U M B E R :
B T R
B -2 6 1 2
Appendix II –Tables
Latitude Longitude Ground TOC DTW - TOC GW ELEV.
(MM/DD/YY)(ft)(ft-MSL)
MW-1A Background - - -35.4305188° -081.3550147° - - -929.27 - - - to - - -- - - to - - -- - - to - - -- - - to - - -- - - to - - -- - -38.23 891.04
MW-8 Leachate Lagoon - - -35.4204767°-081.3543964°- - -840.03 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -29.20 N/A
MW-9 Leachate Lagoon - - -35.4205014°-081.3544769°- - -840.20 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -30.17 810.03
MW-10R Leachate Lagoon - - -35.4209399°-081.3538215°- - -834.97 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -23.55 811.42
MW-12 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4229138°-081.3543339°- - -827.57 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -5.08 822.49
MW-13 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4252197°-081.3569120°- - -872.78 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -31.81 840.97
MW-14 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4252431°-081.3570085°- - -871.44 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -30.25 841.19
MW-15 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4232655°-081.3580245°- - -847.86 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -25.63 822.23
MW-16R Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4270857°-081.3570696°- - -876.39 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -13.68 862.71
MW-17R Area "E" and Phase 1 07/20/93 35.4262555°-081.3548668°898.14 899.64 0.0 to 20.0 20.0 to 35.0 0.0 to 16.0 16.0 to 18.0 18.0 to 45.5 - - -40.67 858.97
MW-18 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4246249°-081.3576782°859.20 861.41 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -15.2 to 30.2 - - -26.21 835.20
MW-19 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4247561°-081.3576590°859.95 859.73 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -63.0 to 68.0 - - -26.67 833.06
MW-20 Area "E" and Phase 1 - - -35.4256922°-081.3575990°- - -860.00 - - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -- - -to - - -10.1 to 25.1 - - -15.12 844.88
MW-21 Phase 2 09/03/99 35.4221305°-081.3579143°853.80 855.91 0.0 to 27.0 27.0 to 42.0 0.0 to 23.0 23.0 to 25.0 25.0 to 42.0 SAP 36.87 819.04
MW-24 Phase 2 09/02/99 35.4219922°-081.3540276°838.95 841.13 0.0 to 14.0 14.0 to 29.0 0.0 to 10.0 10.0 to 12.0 12.0 to 29.0 SAP 23.37 817.76
MW-25 Phase 2 08/31/99 35.4213534°-081.3546541°836.75 838.73 0.0 to 15.0 15.0 to 30.0 0.0 to 11.0 11.0 to 13.0 13.0 to 30.0 SAP 25.54 813.19
MW-25A Phase 2 09/01/99 35.4212848°-081.3547068°836.75 838.84 0.0 to 50.0 50.0 to 60.0 0.0 to 46.0 46.0 to 48.0 48.0 to 60.0 SAP 26.15 812.69
MW-26 C&D Phase 1 09/08/99 35.4273089°-081.3527074°869.11 871.19 0.0 to 6.0 6.0 to 21.0 0.0 to 4.0 4.0 to 5.0 5.0 to 21.0 SAP 13.12 N/A
MW-27 C&D Phase 1 09/07/99 35.4278831°-081.3533157°879.03 880.90 0.0 to 10.0 10.0 to 25.0 0.0 to 6.0 6.0 to 8.0 8.0 to 25.0 SAP 17.75 863.15
MW-28 C&D Phase 1 04/01/99 35.4276977°-081.3542728°912.72 915.68 0.0 to 36.0 36.0 to 51.0 0.0 to 32.0 32.0 to 34.0 34.0 to 51.0 SAP 43.41 872.27
MW-29 C&D Phase 2 04/30/02 35.4252895°-081.3534741°877.45 879.97 0.0 to 30.0 30.0 to 45.0 0.0 to 26.0 26.0 to 28.0 28.0 to 45.0 PWR 38.90 841.07
MW-30 C&D Phase 2 05/02/02 35.4259842°-081.3520549°883.72 886.35 0.0 to 45.0 45.0 to 60.0 0.0 to 41.0 41.0 to 43.0 43.0 to 60.0 SAP 49.55 836.80
MW-31 C&D Phase 2 06/19/03 35.4266563°-081.3521999°877.40 879.88 0.0 to 25.0 25.0 to 40.0 0.0 to 21.0 21.0 to 23.0 23.0 to 40.0 PWR 30.07 849.81
MW-32R Phase 3 12/20/04 35.4214589°-081.3583317°825.89 827.25 0.0 to 10.0 10.0 to 25.0 0.0 to 6.0 6.0 to 8.0 8.0 to 25.0 SAP 15.18 812.07
MW-33 Phase 3 12/30/04 35.4208632°-081.3585631°816.33 819.38 0.0 to 7.0 7.0 to 22.0 0.0 to 3.0 3.0 to 5.0 5.0 to 22.0 SAP 13.42 805.96
MW-33A Phase 3 12/30/04 35.4208632°-081.3585631°815.94 818.67 0.0 to 56.5 56.5 to 61.5 0.0 to 52.5 52.5 to 54.5 54.5 to 61.5 ROCK 13.65 805.02
MW-34 Phase 3 12/21/04 35.4202637°-081.3569455°829.82 832.77 0.0 to 17.0 17.0 to 32.0 0.0 to 13.0 13.0 to 15.0 15.0 to 32.0 SAP 26.48 806.29
MW-35 Phase 3 12/28/04 35.4200537°-081.3551088°836.85 839.64 0.0 to 19.0 19.0 to 34.0 0.0 to 15.0 15.0 to 17.0 17.0 to 34.0 SAP 32.03 807.61
MW-35A Phase 3 12/28/04 35.4200537°-081.3551088°836.77 839.83 0.0 to 60.0 60.0 to 65.0 0.0 to 56.0 56.0 to 58.0 58.0 to 65.0 SAP 30.45 809.38
MW-36 C&D Phase 2 06/26/13 35.4252949° -081.3518019° 852.00 854.83 0.0 to 19.5 19.5 to 34.5 0.0 to 9.5 9.5 to 17.7 17.7 to 35.0 SAP 26.27 828.56
Notes:
(ft-MSL)Feet Mean Sea Level DTW Depth to Water Sch. 40 Schedule 40 Pipe PWR Partially Weathered Rock
(ft-bls)Feet Below Land Surface GW ELEV.Groundwater Elevation 0.010 Slot 0.010-Inch Machine-Slotted Pipe ROCK Bedrock
TOC Top of Casing #2 Filter Sand Medium to Fine Grained Silica Sand Neat CementCement Mixture without Bentonite - - -Not Available
Ground Ground Surface Bentonite Bentonite Pellets SAP Saprolite
DRY No water in well at time of sampling
NS Well was not sampled
N/A Not Applicable
Table 1
Well Construction Summary and Water Level Data
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No: 1356-07-004
Well ID Area Monitored
Install Date
GPS Coordinates Survey Elevations Casing Interval Screen Interval Grout Interval Seal Interval Filter Pack Geology in
Screen
Interval
April 2016
(ft-bls)(ft-bls)
2-inch, SCH. 40, PVC 2-inch, 0.010 Slot, PVC Neatr Cement Bentonite Interval
(decimal degrees)(ft-MSL)(ft-bls)(ft-bls)(ft-bls)
K n I v
Well Hydraulic Cond. Eff. Porosity Gradient Flow Velocity
ID (ft/day)(ne)(ft/ft)(ft/yr)
MW-1A - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-8 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-10R - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-12 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-13 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-15 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-16R - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-17R 1.4E+00 17%0.03 79
MW-18 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-20 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-21 4.5E-01 23%0.01 6
MW-24 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-25 1.0E-01 24%0.02 3
MW-26 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-27 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-28 3.2E-01 - - -- - -- - -
MW-29 8.6E-01 3%0.03 356
MW-30 5.0E+00 24%0.05 403
MW-31 - - -- - -- - -- - -
MW-32R 2.6E-01 20%0.02 12
MW-33 3.0E+00 27%0.03 109
MW-34 7.5E+00 21%0.02 242
MW-35 4.9E-01 16%0.01 12
MW-36 3.5E+00 20%0.04 227
Notes:
(1) Hydraulic Conductivity was calculated from slug tests performed after well construction.
(2) Effective porosity was estimated from soils collected within the saturated portion of screen
interval during well construction.
(3) Hydraulic gradient calculated by measuring linear feet between selected contour intervals.
(4) Seepage velocity v = (K*i)/ne
- - -Not Available
April 2016
Table 2
Groundwater Flow Data
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No: 1356-07-004
Well ID
DTW TOC
(ft-bls)pH Temp (°C)
Conductance
(μS)
MW-1A 38.23 5.57 6.8 19
MW-8 29.20 5.37 16.2 18
MW-9 30.17 6.67 16.0 44
MW-10R 23.55 6.13 15.6 66
MW-12 5.08 5.62 13.4 136
MW-13 31.81 6.28 17.2 362
MW-14 30.25 6.28 17.2 108
MW-15 25.63 5.36 15.5 43
MW-16R 13.68 6.52 14.8 790
MW-17R 40.67 6.04 17.5 220
MW-18 26.21 6.23 15.2 187
MW-19 26.67 6.25 15.9 129
MW-20 15.12 5.78 15.1 60
MW-21 36.87 5.52 16.3 71
MW-24 23.37 5.38 15.8 222
MW-25 25.54 5.78 15.9 169
MW-25A 26.15 6.31 16.3 84
MW-26 13.12 5.83 14.5 151
MW-27 17.75 5.36 15.5 207
MW-28 43.41 5.16 17.5 44
MW-29 38.90 5.63 16.4 192
MW-30 49.55 5.78 15.9 63
MW-31 30.07 5.33 16.0 46
MW-32R 15.18 5.66 15.1 37
MW-33 13.42 5.88 14.1 80
MW-33A 13.65 7.02 15.9 218
MW-34 26.48 5.02 16.7 73
MW-35 32.03 5.20 16.0 20
MW-35A 30.45 6.57 16.7 51
MW-36 26.27 5.43 15.1 20
Notes:
°C degrees celcius
μS micro siemems
Table 3
April 2016 - Field Parameters in Monitoring Wells
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-1A MW-8 MW-9 MW-10R MW-12 MW-13 MW-14 MW-15 MW-16R MW-17R MW-18 MW-19 MW-20
1,1-Dichloroethane 5 6 NE 11 4.1 J 1.1 J 4.6 J 15 2.8 J
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1 6 NE 2.8 4.5 2.5
cis-1,2,-Dichloroethene 5 70 NE 2.3 J 8.8 2.3 J 0.92 J 0.57 J
Acetone 100 6000 NE 18 J 24 J
Benzene 1 1 NE 4.5 7.6 3.4 1.6
Chlorobenzene 3 50 NE 4.7
Chloroform 5 70 NE 14
Methylene Chloride 1 5 NE 0.43 J 27 1.5 0.53 J
Tetrachloroethene 1 0.7 NE 3.0 0.56 J 2.1
Toluene 1 600 NE 0.46 J
Trichloroethene 1 3 NE 2.1 0.64 J 0.99 J 1.5
Trichlorofluoromethane 1 2000 NE 0.92 J
Vinyl chloride 1 0.03 NE 0.96 J 3.9
Xylenes (total)5 500 NE 3.7 J 0.48 J 11 0.97 J
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Antimony 6 NE 1 0.338 J 0.779 J 6.99 2.79 J
Arsenic 10 10 NE 13.6 9.89 J
Barium 100 700 NE 26.2 J 69.1 J 28.6 J 70.0 J 183 116 30.0 J 91.6 J 521 171 46.4 J 35.2 J 55.1 J
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.310 J 0.402 J 0.283 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 3.66 J 2.43 J 1.52 J 1.75 J 2.20 J 1.48 J
Cobalt 10 NE 1 2.38 J 28.9 308 4.19 J 33.7 89.9
Copper 10 1000 NE 1.99 J 4.36 J 2.29 J 3.97 J
Iron 300 300 NE 36.3 J
Lead 10 15 NE 3.89 J 5.28 J
Manganese 50 50 NE 6.23 J
Nickel 50 100 NE 4.42 J 17.8 J 3.23 J 11.6 J 25.1 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.121 J 0.143 J 0.597 0.558 J 0.603 J 0.113 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 9.40 J 1.70 J 3.10 J 1.73 J 1.44 J 1.59 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 13.4 21.4 25.6 23.2 26.5 12.4
Table 4
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Monitoring Wells for MSW Area “E” and Phase 1
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-21 MW-24 MW-25 MW-25A
Acetone 100 200 NE 50 J
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Antimony 6 NE 1 1.86 J
Barium 100 700 NE 51.9 J 179 267 102
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.368 J 0.984 J 0.289 J
Cadmium 1 2 NE 0.399 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 4.21 J
Cobalt 10 NE 1 4.11 J 1.39 J 5.15 J
Copper 10 1000 NE 3.71 J
Nickel 50 100 NE 5.77 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.192 J 0.129 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 2.24 J 4.07 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 25.0 25.5 20.7
Table 5
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Monitoring Wells for MSW Phase 2
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds
Method 8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-32R MW-33 MW-33A MW-34 MW-35 MW-35A
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Antimony 6 NE 1 3.89 J 1.22 J
Barium 100 700 NE 23.7 J 46.4 J 5.05 J 304 59.2 J 37.9 J
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.258 J 0.183 J 1.90 0.125 J
Cadmium 1 2 NE 0.391 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 1.83 J 2.83 J
Cobalt 10 NE 1 4.43 J
Copper 10 1000 NE 1.77 J 4.39 J 3.73 J
Lead 10 15 NE 3.85 J
Nickel 50 100 NE 3.22 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.267 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 5.58 J 1.47 J 2.91 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 15.0 10.8 20.1 7.73 J 5.61 J
No Volatile Organic Compounds Detected in Phase 3 During April 2016 Sampling
Table 6
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Monitoring Wells for MSW Phase 3
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-26 MW-27 MW-28
1,1-Dichloroethane 5 6 NE 0.41 J
Acetone 100 6000 NE 4.5 J 9.0 J
Tetrachloroethene 1 0.7 NE 9.0
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Barium 100 700 NE 153 272 97.8 J
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.639 J 0.194 J
Cadmium 1 2 NE 0.910 J
Cobalt 10 NE 1 1.73 J 8.59 J 5.28 J
Iron 300 300 NE 234 J 70.6 J 100 J
Manganese 50 50 NE 75.4 679 141
Nickel 50 100 NE 3.26 J 10.7 J 5.90J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.140 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 7.58 J 2.00 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 4.79 J 14.1 14.5
Classical Chemistry
Compounds (mg/L)
Chloride NE 250 NE 10.000 17.000
Sulfate as SO4 250 250 NE 4.300 30.000
Total Dissolved Solids NE 500 NE 92.000 130.000
Total Alkalinity NE NE NE 59.000 47.000 17.000
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Lincoln County Landfill
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Monitoring Wells for C&D Phase 1
Table 7
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-29 MW-30 MW-31 MW-36
Benzene 1 1 NE 0.64 J
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Barium 100 700 NE 18.3 J 70.3 J 8.61 J 252
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.297 J 0.815 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 27.6
Cobalt 10 NE 1 1.90 J 1.65 J 9.74 J
Copper 10 1000 NE 2.33 J 5.75 J
Iron 300 300 NE 12,500 416 3,780 22,400
Lead 10 15 NE 5.08 J
Manganese 50 50 NE 266 19.8 J 44.5J 264
Nickel 50 100 NE 4.66 J 3.34 J 18.8 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.557 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 35.5
Zinc 10 1000 NE 9.25 J 7.53 J 7.97 J 73.8
Classical Chemistry
Compounds (mg/L)
Chloride NE 250 NE 3.700 J 2.800 J
Sulfate as SO4 250 250 NE 5.500 J 3.200 7.300 J
Total Dissolved Solids NE 500 NE 90.000
Total Alkalinity NE NE NE 76.000 23.000
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Lincoln County Landfill
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Monitoring Wells for C&D Phase 2
Table 8
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
15A NCAC
2B SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6
Bromodichloromethane NE 1.6
Chloroform NE 2.8 J
Dibromochloromethane NE 0.69 J
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Barium 1,000 20.1 J 23.2 J 34.0 J 25.4 J 61.3 J 42.5 J
Chromium 180 5.63 J 2.14 J
Cobalt NE 1.39 J 27.4 5.32 J
Copper 4.8 1.79 J
Iron NE 405 672 2,300 356 9,760
Manganese NE 24.35 J 171 44.7 J 25.7 J 1,850
Thallium NE 0.113 J
Vanadium NE 8.17 J 3.39 J
Zinc 36 8.70 J 7.13 J
Classical Chemistry
Compounds (mg/L)
BOD NE NA NA NA NA NA
COD NE NA NA NA NA NA
Sulfate NE NA NA NA NA NA
Sulfate as SO4 NE NA NA NA NA NA 6.300 J
Phosphorous NE NA NA NA NA NA
Nitrate as N NE NA NA NA NA NA
Nitrate/Nitrite as N NE NA NA NA NA NA
Total Suspended Solids NE NA NA NA NA NA 18.000
Total Alkalinity NE NA NA NA NA NA
Table 9
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Surface Water Samples
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
EPA Appendix I Volatile Organic
Compounds Method 8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL Lift Station
EPA Appendix I Metals Method
6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Arsenic 10 40.2
Barium 100 605
Chromium 10 8.88 J
Cobalt 10 7.40 J
Nickel 50 35.6 J
Vanadium 25 3.65 J
Zinc 10 8.52 J
Classical Chemistry Compounds (mg/L)
BOD NE 64
COD NE 440
Sulfate as SO4 250 5.600 J
Phosphorous NE 0.840
Nitrate as N 10 0.50 J
Nitrite as N 1000 0.15
Nitrate/Nitrite as N NE 0.150 J
Total Alkalinity NE 1,700
Total Suspended Solids NE 1,300
Table 10
April 2016 - Detected Analytes in Leachate
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
No Volatile Organic Compounds Detected in April 2016
Notes:
(1) ug/L = micrograms per liter (parts per billion)
(2) mg/L = milligrams per liter (parts per million)
(3) μS = microSiemens
(4) 15A NCAC 2L = North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standards
(5) 15A NCAC 2B = North Carolina Surface Water Quality Standards (
(6) GWP ST = Solid Waste Groundwater Protection Standard
(7) NE = No established standard
(8) Bold and highlighted indicates above 15A NCAC 2L, 15A NCAC 2B, or SW GWP standard
(9) Compounds not shown were not detected.
(10) SWSL = North Carolina Department of Environmtent and Natural Resources Solid Waste Section Limit established in 2007
(11) NA = Not Analyzed
(12) J = Analyte detected is between the Method Detection Limit (MDL) and the SWSL
(13) B = Analyte was detected in the associated method blank
(14) D = The sample was analyzed at dilution
Notes for Tables 4 through 10
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Statistical
Percent Analysis
Parameter Well ID Non-Detect Method SSI Comments
1,1-Dichloroethane MW-13 2%PA TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
MW-14 52%KW FALSE
MW-16R 0%PA TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-19 33%KW TRUE
MW-20 36%KW TRUE
1,4-Dichlorobenzene MW-13 57%KW TRUE
MW-16R 0%PA TRUE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene MW-13 49%KW TRUE
MW-16R 0%PA TRUE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-19 61%KW TRUE
MW-20 66%KW TRUE First SSI in April 2015
Acetone MW-13 52%KW TRUE Concentrations vary from non-detect to detect
MW-17R 0%KW FALSE
Benzene MW-13 35%KW TRUE
MW-16R 0%PA TRUE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-19 67%KW FALSE
Chlorobenzene MW-16R 50%KW TRUE
Methylene Chloride MW-13 46%KW TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
MW-17R 0%PA TRUE First Detection and First SSI in April 2015
MW-19 49%KW TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
MW-20 49%KW TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
Tetrachloroethene MW-13 50%KW TRUE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-19 52%KW TRUE
Toluene MW-13 70%KW TRUE Concentrations vary from non-detect to detect
Trichloroethene MW-13 50%KW TRUE
MW-14 89%PL FALSE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-19 54%KW TRUE
Trichlorofluoromethane MW-19 67%KW TRUE Concentrations vary from non-detect to detect
Vinyl Chloride MW-13 63%KW TRUE Non-Detect in April 2015
MW-16R 0%KW TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
Xylenes (Total)MW-13 42%KW TRUE
MW-16R 0%PA TRUE Concentrations vary from non-detect to detect
MW-17R 0%PA TRUE First Detection and First SSI in April 2015
MW-19 72%KW FALSE
Table 11
April 2016 Statistical Analysis for Phase 1 and Area "E"
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Page 1 of 3
Statistical
Percent Analysis
Parameter Well ID Non-Detect Method SSI Comments
Table 11
April 2016 Statistical Analysis for Phase 1 and Area "E"
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Antimony MW-8 93%PL FALSE
MW-9 77%KW FALSE
MW-14 57%KW FALSE
MW-19 59%KW FALSE
Arsenic MW-13 48%KW TRUE Concentrations vary from non-detect to detect
MW-16R 0%KW TRUE Non-detect in April 2015
Barium MW-8 39%KW FALSE
MW-9 36%KW FALSE
MW-10R 0%KW TRUE
MW-12R 40%KW TRUE
MW-13 35%KW TRUE
MW-14 46%KW FALSE
MW-15 22%KW TRUE
MW-16R 0%PA TRUE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-18 33%KW FALSE
MW-19 51%KW FALSE
MW-20 33%KW FALSE
Beryllium MW-8 46%KW TRUE
MW-15 40%KW TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
MW-17R 0%KW FALSE
Chromium MW-8 32%KW FALSE
MW-9 36%KW FALSE
MW-10R 50%KW FALSE
MW-13 41%KW FALSE
MW-16R 0%PA FALSE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
Cobalt MW-8 32%KW TRUE Dry from Apr 2011 to Oct 2013, October 2015
MW-12 30%KW TRUE
MW-13 0%PA TRUE
MW-14 78%KW FALSE
MW-16R 0%PA FALSE
MW-17R 0%PA TRUE
Copper MW-8 57%KW FALSE
MW-14 43%KW FALSE
MW-18 56%KW FALSE
MW-19 77%KW FALSE
Page 2 of 3
Statistical
Percent Analysis
Parameter Well ID Non-Detect Method SSI Comments
Table 11
April 2016 Statistical Analysis for Phase 1 and Area "E"
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Lead MW-8 57%KW FALSE
MW-16 50%KW TRUE Non-Detect in April 2015, Detection in October 2015
Nickel MW-12 59%KW FALSE
MW-13 48%KW FALSE
MW-14 50%KW FALSE
MW-16R 50%KW FALSE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
Thallium MW-8 75%KW FALSE
MW-12 65%KW FALSE
MW-13 46%KW TRUE
MW-16R 0%KW FALSE
MW-17R 0%PA FALSE
MW-18 64%KW FALSE
Vanadium MW-8 32%KW FALSE
MW-9 60%KW FALSE
MW-10R 50%KW FALSE
MW-17R 0%KW FALSE
MW-18 62%KW FALSE
MW-19 79%KW FALSE
Zinc MW-8 36%KW FALSE
MW-10R 0%KW FALSE
MW-12 0%PA TRUE Concentrations have decreased over time
MW-14 22%KW FALSE
MW-17R 0%KW FALSE
MW-19 67%KW FALSE
Wells with "R" suffix replace wells with the same MW-# name. This change reset the non-detection counts
Page 3 of 3
Statistical
Percent Analysis
Parameter Well ID Non-Detect Method SSI Comments
Acetone MW-21 89%PL FALSE
Antimony MW-25A 47%KW FALSE
Barium MW-21 33%KW FALSE
MW-24 39%KW FALSE
MW-25 40%KW TRUE trend of increasing concentration over time
MW-25A 33%KW FALSE
Beryllium MW-21 53%KW FALSE
MW-24 53%KW FALSE
MW-25 54%KW FALSE
Cadmium MW-25 89%PL FALSE
Chromium MW-25A 31%KW FALSE
Cobalt MW-21 83%KW FALSE
MW-24 86%KW FALSE
MW-25A 53%KW FALSE
Copper MW-25A 72%KW FALSE
Nickel MW-25 69%KW FALSE
Thallium MW-24 75%KW FALSE
MW-25 89%PL FALSE
Vanadium MW-21 69%KW FALSE
MW-25A 44%KW FALSE
Zinc MW-24 44%KW FALSE
MW-25 46%KW FALSE
MW-25A 50%KW FALSE
Table 12
April 2016 Statistical Analysis for Phase 2
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Page 1 of 1
Statistical
Percent Analysis
Parameter Well ID Non-Detect Method SSI Comments
Antimony MW-33A 32%KW TRUE
Barium MW-32R 0%PA FALSE
MW-33 8%PA FALSE
MW-33A 24%KW TRUE
MW-34 8%PA FALSE
MW-35 8%PA FALSE
MW-35A 8%PA FALSE
Beryllium MW-32R 0%KW FALSE
MW-33 44%KW FALSE
MW-34 36%KW TRUE
MW-35 42%KW FALSE
Cadmium MW-33A 88%PL FALSE
Chromium MW-32R 0%KW FALSE
MW-35A 28%KW FALSE
Cobalt MW-34 24%KW TRUE But less than certain historic background concentrations
Copper MW-32R 0%KW FALSE
MW-33A 36%KW FALSE
MW-34 68%KW FALSE
Lead MW-32R 0%KW FALSE
Nickel MW-34 52%KW FALSE
Thallium MW-34 32%KW TRUE
Vanadium MW-32R 0%KW FALSE
MW-33A 76%KW FALSE
MW-35A 24%KW FALSE
Zinc MW-32R 0%KW FALSE
MW-33A 24%KW FALSE
MW-34 20%KW FALSE
MW-35 21%KW FALSE
MW-35A 36%KW FALSE
Table 13
April 2016 Statistical Analysis for Phase 3
Lincoln County Landfill
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Page 1 of 1
Notes:
(1) SSI = Statistically Significant Increase
(2) PA = One Way Parametric Analysis of Variance (Parametric ANOVA)
The parametric ANOVA analysis is recommended by the 1992 guidance document for parameters
with fewer than 15% non-detects in a specific well.
(3) KW = Kruskal Wallis Non-Parametric Rank Analysis
The Kruskal-Wallis method is recommended by the 1992 guidance document for parameters that
have 15% to 90% non-detects in a specific well.
(4) PL = Non-Parametric Inter-Well Prediction Limit Analysis
The prediction limit was used for parameters with greater than 90% non-detects in a specific well.
The 1992 guidance document recommends this method when a significant portion of the samples
are non-detect.
Notes for Tables 11 through 13
S&ME Project No. 1356-07-004
Appendix III – Well Sampling Logs and Laboratory Reports
Appendix IV – Statistical Analysis Procedures
Appendix V – Graphs Depicting Concentrations over Time for
Wells with a Statistically Significant Increase
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
1,1 - Dichloroethane
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-14 MW-16 MW-19 MW-20
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
1,4 - Dichlorobenzene
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Acetone
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Arsenic
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Barium
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-15 MW-16 MW-10 MW-12 MW-13
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Benzene
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Beryllium
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-15
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
cis-1,2-Dichloroethane
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16 MW-19 MW-20
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Chlorobenzene
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-16
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Chloroethane
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Cobalt
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-12 MW-13 MW-17 MW-8
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Lead
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-16
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Methylene Chloride
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16 MW-19 MW-20 MW-17
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Tetrachloroethene
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-19
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1/1/19929/27/19946/23/19973/19/200012/14/20029/9/20056/5/20083/2/201111/26/20138/22/20165/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Thallium
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13
Note:
Non-Detect Values are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Toluene
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Trichloroethene
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-19
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Trichlorofluoromethane
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-19
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Vinyl Chloride
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Total Xylenes
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-13 MW-16 MW-17
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
1/1/1992 9/27/1994 6/23/1997 3/19/2000 12/14/2002 9/9/2005 6/5/2008 3/2/2011 11/26/2013 8/22/2016 5/19/2019
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Zinc
Phase 1 and Area "E" Wells With SSI
MW-12
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1/14/2004 5/28/2005 10/10/2006 2/22/2008 7/6/2009 11/18/2010 4/1/2012 8/14/2013 12/27/2014 5/10/2016 9/22/2017
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Antimony
Phase 3 Wells With SSI
MW-33A
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
1/14/2004 5/28/2005 10/10/2006 2/22/2008 7/6/2009 11/18/2010 4/1/2012 8/14/2013 12/27/2014 5/10/2016 9/22/2017
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Beryllium
Phase 3 Wells With SSI
MW-34
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1/14/2004 5/28/2005 10/10/2006 2/22/2008 7/6/2009 11/18/2010 4/1/2012 8/14/2013 12/27/2014 5/10/2016 9/22/2017
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Cobalt
Phase 3 Wells With SSI
MW-34
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1/14/2004 5/28/2005 10/10/2006 2/22/2008 7/6/2009 11/18/2010 4/1/2012 8/14/2013 12/27/2014 5/10/2016 9/22/2017
C o n c e n t r a t i o n
(u g /L )
Date
Thallium
Phase 3 Wells With SSI
MW-34
Note:
Non-DetectValues are Set at Method DetectionLimits
Appendix VI– Monthly Methane Data
(November 2015-April 2016)