4204_HalifaxClosedMSWLF_GWMR_DIN27855_20160810

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August 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report

Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

Prepared for:

Halifax County Solid Waste Department
P.O. Box 70
Halifax, North Carolina 27839

November 2016

Prepared by:

© 2016 Smith Gardner, Inc.
This document is intended for the sole use of the client for which it was prepared and
for the purpose agreed on by the client and Smith Gardner, Inc.

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Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill August 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
November 2016 Page i
Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

August 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report

Table of Contents
Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1 
2.0 SITE HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................................................ 1 
3.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS ............................................................................................. 1 
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES ......................................................................................... 2 
5.0 FIELD & LABORATORY RESULTS .............................................................................. 2 
5.1 Field Results .............................................................................................................. 2 
5.2 Laboratory Analysis ................................................................................................... 2 
5.3 Laboratory Results .................................................................................................... 3 
5.3.1 Inorganic Constituents .................................................................................. 3 
5.3.2 Organic Constituents .................................................................................... 3 
5.3.3 Surface Water Results .................................................................................. 4 
5.3.4 MNA Constituents ......................................................................................... 4 
6.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION ...................................................................... 4 
7.0 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 4 

FIGURE
Figure 1 Groundwater Potentiometric Map

TABLES
Table 1 Groundwater Elevations
Table 2 Field Parameters
Table 3 Detected Inorganic Constituents
Table 4 Detected Organic Constituents
Table 5 Indicator Parameter Summary
Table 6 Gradient and Velocity Calculations

APPENDICES
Appendix A Boring Logs
Appendix B Laboratory Analytical Report
Appendix C Time vs. Concentration Graphs

Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill August 2015 Groundwater Monitoring Report
November 2016 Page 2

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Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill August 2015 Groundwater Monitoring Report
November 2016 Page 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Halifax County Landfill, operating under Solid Waste Permit #42-04, is required to submit
semi-annual groundwater monitoring reports (15A NCAC 13B .0544) for assessment
monitoring. This report presents the results from the semi-annual monitoring event conducted
August 10-11, 2016.

The Halifax County Landfill is currently accepting C&D waste over the closed, unlined municipal
solid waste (MSW) landfill. In December 1997 the landfill stopped accepting MSW; and the
County is currently transferring MSW waste off-site to a lined landfill facility. The old landfill
was closed per Solid Waste Regulations and a certification report was submitted to the Solid
Waste Section (SWS) in September 1998. In 2007 an Assessment of Corrective Measures1 was
prepared to evaluate previously detected groundwater quality issues as well as remedial
options for the site. A Corrective Action Plan (CAP)2 for the site was approved June 8, 2009, and
the Corrective Action Evaluation Report (CAER)3 was approved October 2012. Section 7.0 of this
report provides an update regarding the current corrective action situation for this facility.

This report presents a field procedure summary, laboratory analyses, groundwater
characterization and summary tables and graphs.
2.0 SITE HYDROGEOLOGY
According to the 1985 North Carolina Geological Map and Groundwater in the Halifax Area,
North Carolina (Dept. of Conservation and Development Bulletin #51, 1946) the landfill is
situated on the eastern edge of the Eastern Piedmont Physiographic Province; slightly west of
the Coastal Plain overlap. Generally, Western Halifax County is underlain by felsic to
intermediate, crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks of early to late Paleozoic age. Eastern
Piedmont rocks generally exhibit a northeastern strike and locally dip gently eastward due to
regional metamorphism and folding that produced a broad plunging anticline. The area was
simultaneously intruded by a number of felsic (granite) plutons. The granitic pluton underlying
the landfill is the Butterwood Creek intrusion.

Groundwater depths generally range from near surface level in the lowland areas along
Brewer’s Creek and its tributary up to 45 ft. below grade along the ridge east of the landfill.
Groundwater at the site flows generally west towards Brewer’s Creek and its tributary. There
are minor seasonal variations in the flow pattern, but overall flow direction is consistent.
3.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS
The sampling event performed by Environment 1, Inc. utilized the groundwater monitoring
network that includes thirteen monitoring wells (MW-1, MW-2A, MW-2AD, MW-3AS, MW-3D,

1 Richardson Smith Gardner and Associates, Inc., Assessment of Corrective Measures Halifax County Landfill 12/07.
2 Richardson Smith Gardner and Associates, Inc., Corrective Action Plan Halifax County Landfill 5/09.
3 Richardson Smith Gardner and Associates, Inc., Corrective Action Evaluation Report Halifax County Landfill 6/12

Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill August 2015 Groundwater Monitoring Report
November 2016 Page 2
MW-6D, MW-7D, MW-15R, MW-16A, MW-17, MW-18S, G-13 and G-13D) located around the
landfill perimeter, and three surface water sampling points (SW-1, SW-2 and SW-3) up and
downstream of the landfill. Water level was also measured at two additional piezometer
locations (BP-3 and BP-9) upgradient of the landfill.

Figure 1 illustrates sampling locations. Boring logs for the groundwater monitoring wells are
included in Appendix A.
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
Sampling protocol is outlined in the North Carolina Water Quality Monitoring Guidance
Document for Solid Waste Facilities (DENR, DWM) and the approved site Water Quality
Monitoring Plan4. Each well was gauged to determine groundwater depth and then purged
three to five well volumes or until dry. Depth to groundwater is presented in Table 1.

Samples were collected by Environment 1 personnel in laboratory prepared containers for the
specified analytical procedures. Groundwater samples were properly preserved, placed on ice
and transported to the laboratory facility within the specified hold times for each analysis. Trip
and equipment blanks were also analyzed for quality control.
5.0 FIELD & LABORATORY RESULTS
5.1 Field Results
Temperature, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, oxygen reduction potential (ORP) and
dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured at each well in the field at the time of sampling via
direct read instruments. The field parameter results are summarized in Table 2.
5.2 Laboratory Analysis
Samples were transported to Environment 1, Inc., in Greenville, NC, a North Carolina
certified laboratory (NC Wastewater ID #10). Laboratory analysis included Appendix II
metals and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), pesticides, PCBs and semi-volatile
organics analyzed via the EPA Test Method presented in the laboratory report.

Designated wells (MW-2A, MW-2AD, MW-3AS, MW-3D and G-13 were also analyzed for
indicator parameters by Solid Waste Section approved methods as reported on the
laboratory report included in Appendix B.

4 Water Quality Monitoring Plan, Halifax County Landfill, Richardson Smith Gardner & Associates, May 2009.

Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill August 2015 Groundwater Monitoring Report
November 2016 Page 3
5.3 Laboratory Results
Analytical results were compared to the NCDWM Solid Waste Section Quantitation
Limits (SWSLs), 15A NCAC 2L.0200 (2L Standard), Groundwater Protection Standard
(GWP) and the Federal Maximum Contaminant Limit (MCL). Constituent concentrations
reported by the laboratory between the method detection limit (MDL) and SWSL are
considered estimated values and are denoted with a “J” qualifier. Many constituents
were either below the MDL or were non-quantifiable “J-values”.

Time versus concentration graphs for the constituents detected above their respective
2L Standards are included in Appendix C.
5.3.1 Inorganic Constituents
Four constituents were detected in samples at concentrations above their
respective 2L Standards for this event:

 Beryllium (G-13)
 Iron (MW-2A, MW-2AD, MW-3AS, MW-3D and G-13)
 Lead (G-13) and
 Vanadium (G-13)

Inorganic detections are summarized in Table 3.
5.3.2 Organic Constituents
Six constituents were detected in samples at concentrations above their
respective 2L Standards for this event:

 Benzene (MW-16A);
 1,1-Dichloroethane (MW-3D and MW-16A);
 1,2-Dichloropropane (MW-16A)
 Tetrachloroethene (MW-15R, MW-16A, and MW-17);
 Trichloroethene (MW-16A) and
 Vinyl Chloride (MW-2AD)

An organic detection summary is provided on Table 4. Several constituents,
including tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene, are demonstrating an
increasing trend in samples collected from MW-16A. Landfill gas is thought to
be responsible due to the cross-gradient well location.

Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill August 2015 Groundwater Monitoring Report
November 2016 Page 4
5.3.3 Surface Water Results
Results from surface water sample analysis indicated concentrations of
selenium were detected in the sample from SW-2 at concentrations above the 2B
Standard. No organic constituents were detected above 2B Standards for Class
C waters this event. Results are presented in Tables 3 and 4.
5.3.4 MNA Constituents
As part of the corrective action evaluation approved in 2012, full MNA parameter
analysis is only completed every third year; it was last performed in 2015. For
this event, the indicator parameters COD, chloride, sulfide, total organic carbon
and nitrogen were measured for designated MNA wells (listed in Section 5.2).
Results from this event are consistent with historical levels. Indicator parameter
concentrations are presented in Table 5.
6.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION
A potentiometric surface map was prepared using groundwater data from this sampling event.
The data indicates that groundwater is flowing generally to the west towards Brewer’s Creek.
This is consistent with groundwater flow patterns previously reported for the site. The
potentiometric surface map is attached as Figure 1.

Groundwater flow velocities during the sampling event were calculated for two monitoring wells
using the equation:
V = Ki/n

where: K = hydraulic conductivity
i = groundwater gradient
n = porosity

Groundwater flow velocities ranged from 0.009 ft/day (MW-16A) to 0.174 ft/day (MW-2A). These
calculated flow velocities are included in Table 6.
7.0 CONCLUSIONS
VOC concentrations in MW-16A continue to demonstrate an increasing trend. Due to this well’s
location up/cross-gradient, the source of this increase may be landfill gas. We will continue to
monitor the trends in this well.

The next groundwater monitoring event is scheduled for February 2017. A groundwater
monitoring report will be submitted to NCDEQ after receipt and analysis of laboratory data.

FIGURE

August 2016 - Groundwater Monitoring Report
Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

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MW-2AD*TOC=245.65DTW=11.40GWE=234.25 MW-6DTOC=253.22DTW=13.00GWE=240.22 MW-7DTOC=249.09DTW=3.93GWE=245.16
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MW-17TOC=247.75DTW=7.18GWE=240.57MW-18STOC=244.52DTW=5.93GWE=238.59 MW-18D MW-2ATOC=246.43DTW=7.00GWE=239.43MW-3DTOC=251.73DTW=10.02GWE=241.71 MW-3ASTOC=251.57DTW=10.42GWE=241.26 MW-6S G-13G-13DMW-2AD*TOC=245.65DTW=11.40GWE=234.25 MW-6DTOC=253.22DTW=13.00GWE=240.22 MW-7DTOC=249.09DTW=3.93GWE=245.16
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MW-17TOC=247.75DTW=7.18GWE=240.57MW-18STOC=244.52DTW=5.93GWE=238.59 MW-18D MW-2ATOC=246.43DTW=7.00GWE=239.43MW-3ASTOC=251.57DTW=10.42 MW-6S G-13G-13DG:\CAD\Halifax\Halifax-8\sheets\HALI-B0304.dwg - 10/7/2016 11:53 AM
DRAWN:APPROVED:
PROJECT NO:
SCALE:
FILENAME:DATE:
FIGURE NO.PREPARED BY:PREPARED FOR:
SMITH
14 N. Boylan Avenue, Raleigh NC 27603
NC LIC. NO. C-0828 (ENGINEERING)
919.828.0577
GARDNER+
© 2016 Smith Gardner, Inc.
HALIFAX COUNTY
CLOSED MSW LANDFILL
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE MAP
AUGUST 2016
C.T.J.M.M.G.AS SHOWN 1
Oct 2016 HALIFAX-8 HALI-B0304
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TABLES

August 2016 – Groundwater Monitoring Report
Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

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2
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6
By: YD Date: 10/25/2016
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By: YD Date: 10/25/2016
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Appendix A
Boring Logs
August 2016 – Groundwater Monitoring Report
Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

This page intentionally left blank.

This page intentionally left blank.

Appendix B
Laboratory Analytical Report
August 2016 – Groundwater Monitoring Report
Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

This page intentionally left blank.

Appendix C
Time vs. Concentration Graphs
August 2016 – Groundwater Monitoring Report
Halifax County Closed MSW Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 42-04

This page intentionally left blank.

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