4002_GreeneCoCDLFonTop_LOSPermitApp_Rev1DIN27650_20170417

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 OPERATION PLAN.......................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Operational Requirements ........................................................................................................................5
1.3 Ground Water and Surface Water Sampling and Analysis Plan.............................................................11
1.4 Explosive Gas Control Plan ....................................................................................................................17
1.5 Electronic Waste Plan.............................................................................................................................17
1.6 Small Type-1 Composting Plan...............................................................................................................18
1.7 Alternative Cover Material (ACM) ...........................................................................................................21
2.0 CLOSURE PLAN.........................................................................................................................................25
2.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................26
2.2 Cap System.............................................................................................................................................27
2.3 Cohesive Soil Cap...................................................................................................................................27
2.4 Erosive Layer ..........................................................................................................................................30
2.5 Methane Venting System........................................................................................................................30
2.6 Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) Report.......................................................................................31
2.7 Closure Costs..........................................................................................................................................32
3.0 POST CLOSURE PLAN..............................................................................................................................34
3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................35
3.2 Post Closure Costs..................................................................................................................................36
APPENDIX A Written Facility Plan..................................................................................................................37
APPENDIX B Facility/Operation/Closure Drawings ........................................................................................40
APPENDIX C Slope Stability Report...............................................................................................................41

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SECTION 1.0

OPERATION
PLAN

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1.1 Introduction

The County will continue to operate a Construction and Demolition Landfill (C&DLF) within the permitted
boundaries and upon the closed unlined municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill. The unlined MSW area
opened in 1982 and some areas stopped receiving waste prior to October 9, 1991 and the remainder
stopped December 31, 1997. The MSWLF was certified closed on August 31, 1998. The closed MSW area
has a minimum of two feet of final cover over the areas that stopped receiving waste prior to October 9.
1991. The area that received waste between October 9, 1991 and December 31, 1997 was capped with 18
inches of cohesive soil and with an 18 inch erosive layer.

In addition to the C&DLF, this facility has the Closed MSW Landfill, Used/Scrap Tire Collection Area, White
Goods/Scrap Metal Area, Small Type-1 Compost Area, Temporary Storm Debris Area, and an E-Wastes
Collection Area. A copy of contact information on all contract haulers of recyclables shall be placed in the
operating record.

The County will implement a program at the landfill for detecting and preventing the disposal of hazardous
and liquid wastes. The program consists of random inspection of incoming loads at a minimum of 1% of the
weekly traffic. Landfill personnel will be trained to recognize hazardous and liquid wastes. Records will be
kept on the training and the inspections. See Appendix C for the detailed plan.

The County will monitor for explosive gases at landfill structures and the perimeter of the landfill. The
concentration of methane gases generated by the landfill cannot exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive
limit for methane in the structures, and it cannot exceed 100 percent of the lower explosive limit for
methane at the landfill property boundary. If methane gas is found to exceed the acceptable limits at either
the property boundary or landfill structures, it is the County’s responsibility to do the following:

1. Immediately take all necessary steps to ensure protection of human health (i.e. no smoking, etc.)
temporarily abandon the structure and notify the Division of Waste Management (Division).

2. Within seven days of detection, place in the operating record the methane gas levels detected and
a description of the steps taken to protect human health; and

3. Within 60 days of detection, implement a remediation plan for the methane gas releases, place a
copy of the plan in the operating record, and notify the Division that the plan has been
implemented. The plan will describe the nature and extent of the problem and the proposed
remedy.

See Section 1.4 for the Explosive Gas Control Plan.

Off-site and on-site erosion will be controlled through erosion control structures and devices. Provisions for
a vegetative ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion will be accomplished within 30 working days or 120
calendar days after completion of any phase of landfill development.

The County will record and retain at the landfill an operating record of the following information:

(1) Inspection records, waste determination records, and training procedures;

(2) Amounts by weight of solid waste received at the landfill;

(3) Gas monitoring results and any remediation plans;

(4) Any demonstration, certification, findings, monitoring, testing or analytical data
required for surface and groundwater monitoring;

(5) Any monitoring, testing or analytical data required for closure or post-closure;

(6) Any cost estimates and financial assurance documentation.

All information contained in the operating record will be furnished upon request to the Division or be made
available at all reasonable times for inspection by the Division.
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Ground water and surface water will be sampled and analyzed according to 40 CFR, Part 258, Appendix I
detection monitoring requirements. The monitoring frequency for all Appendix I detection monitoring
constituents will be at least semiannual during the life of the facility (including closure) and the post-closure
period. A minimum of four independent samples from each well (background and downgradient) will be
collected and analyzed for the Appendix I constituents during the first semiannual sampling event. At least
one sample from each well (background and downgradient) will be collected and analyzed during subsequent
semiannual sampling events. See Section 1.3 for the Ground water and Surface water Sampling and
Analysis Plan.

If the County determines that there is a statistically significant increase over background for one or more of
the constituents listed in Appendix I at any monitoring well at the relevant point of compliance, the County
will, within 14 days of the finding, report to the Division and place a notice in the operating record indicating
which constituents have shown statistically significant changes from background levels. The County will
establish an assessment monitoring program within 90 days. The County may demonstrate that a source
other than the landfill caused the contamination or that the statistically significant increase resulted from an
error in sampling, analysis, statistical evaluation, or natural variation in ground-water quality. A report
documenting these demonstrations will be certified by a Licensed Geologist or Professional Engineer and
approved by the Division. A copy of this report will be placed in the operating record. If a successful
demonstration is made, documented, and approved by the Division, the County may continue detection
monitoring. If after 90 days, a successful demonstration is not made, the County will initiate an assessment
monitoring program.

1.2 Operational Requirements

1. Waste Acceptance and Disposal Requirements

a. The C&DLF will only accept those solid wastes which it is permitted to receive. The County
will notify the Division within 24 hours of attempted disposal of any waste the landfill is not
permitted to receive.

b. Asbestos waste will be managed in accordance with 40 CFR 61. The regulated asbestos
waste will be covered immediately with soil in a manner that will not cause airborne
conditions and will be disposed of separate and apart from other solid waste, as:

i. in a defined isolated area within the footprint of the landfill, or

ii. in an area not contiguous with other disposal areas. Separate areas
will be designated so that asbestos will not be exposed by future land-disturbing
activities.

c. Wastewater treatment sludges may be accepted, with the approval of the
Division, either as a soil conditioner incorporated into or applied onto vegetative growth
layer. The wastewater treatment sludge will not be applied at greater than agronomic rates
nor to a depth greater than six inches;

d. Asphalt in accordance with G.S. 130-294(m) will be accepted;

e. Inert debris from any source that is defined as solid waste which consists solely of material
that is virtually inert, such as brick, concrete, rock and clean soil will be accepted;

f. Construction materials, that could or would be part of any construction, remodeling, repair
or demolition of pavement, buildings or other structures, from solid waste that is generated
by mobile or modular home manufacturers and asphalt shingle manufacturers in Greene
County. The waste must be source separated at the manufacturing site and must exclude
municipal solid waste, hazardous wastes, and other wastes prohibited from disposal in a
C&DLF. It must be transported to Greene County C&DLF in a shipment or container that
consists solely of the separated waste to be disposed of. Greene County C&DLF will not
accept this waste if it has not been separated or transported as specified.

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g. Wooden pallets generated only from C&D activities.

h. The following wastes are prohibited from disposal at the C&DLF:

i. Containers such as tubes, drums, barrels, tanks, cans, and bottles unless they are
empty and perforated to ensure that no liquid, hazardous or municipal solid waste
is contained therein.

ii. Garbage as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(7).

iii. Hazardous waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(8), to also include hazardous
waste from conditionally exempt small quantity generators.

iv. Industrial solid waste unless a demonstration has been made and
approved by the Division that the landfill meets the requirements of Rule
.0503(2)(d)(ii)(A).

v. Liquid wastes.

vi. Medical waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(18)

vii. Municipal solid waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(18a)

viii. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) wastes as defined in 40 CFR 761

ix. Radioactive waste as defined in G.S. 104E-5(14)

x. Septage as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(32)

xi. Sludge as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(34)

xii. Special waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(40)

xiii. White goods as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(44)

xiv. Yard trash as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(45) , shall not be disposed in the
landfill area. However, yard trash, along with land-clearing debris and wooden
pallets(as defined below), may be accepted for processing in the Temporary
Storm Debris area(when it is permitted for operation) and/or the Small Type-1
Composting Area as shown on the Existing Conditions maps in the Facility and
the Engineering/Operation drawings.

xv. Wooden Pallets generated by means other than C&D activities

i. The following waste will not be received if separate from C&DLF waste: lamps or light bulbs
including but not limited to halogen, incandescent, neon or fluorescent; lighting ballast or
fixtures: thermostats and light switches; batteries including but not limited to those from exit
and emergency lights and smoke detectors; lead pipes; lead roof flashing; transformers;
capacitors; and copper chrome arsenate (CCA) and creosote treated woods.

j. Waste accepted for disposal in the C&DLF unit shall be readily identifiable as C&D waste
and must not have been shredded, pulverized, or processed to such an extent that the
composition of the original waste cannot be readily ascertained except in the case where
the waste has come from a permitted recycling and reuse facility.

k. The County will not knowingly dispose any type or form of C&D waste that is generated
within the boundaries of a unit of local government that by ordinance:

i. Prohibits generators or collectors of C&D waste from disposing that type or form of
C&D waste.
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ii. Requires generators or collectors of C&D waste to recycle that type or form of
C&D waste.

l. Any recyclables received on site including yard wastes, white goods, scrap metal,
used/scrap tires, etc., shall be segregated and stockpiled in designated areas within the
permitted landfill property.

The white goods collection area shall provide for the proper removal of chlorofluorocarbon
refrigerants by well-trained personnel. The area is divided up into a freon removal area
and a storage area for the white goods and scrap metals. These areas are located on
existing ground. The size of this area varies depending on the amount of white goods
received, up to the maximum amount stored. The estimated waste amounts from past
records, is approximately 121 tons a month. The maximum amount of white goods that
may be stored on site is 5 tons.

The used/scrap tire collection area consists of one(1) or more trailers. As each trailer is
filled, it is hauled way and an empty trailer replaces it.

All other stockpiled recyclables will be removed from the site as needed. The scales will
be used to weigh the amount of recyclables and will be documented in the operating
record.

m. Electronic Recyclables shall be handled according to SL 2010-67(SB 887). The electronic
wastes shall be stored in covered containers or in containers in a covered structure.

n. Contact information of contract haulers shall be place in the operating record.

2. Cover material requirements.

a. Except as in Subparagraph (c), the County must cover the solid waste with six inches of
earthen material when the waste disposal area exceeds one-half acre and at least once
weekly. Cover must be placed at more frequent intervals if necessary to control disease
vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter and scavenging. A notation of the date and time of the
cover placement must be recorded in the operating record, as specified in Paragraph 10 in
this Section.

b. Except as in Subparagraph (c), areas which will not have additional wastes placed on them
for three months or more, but where final termination of disposal operations has not
occurred, will be covered and stabilized with vegetative ground cover or other stabilizing
material.

c. Alternative cover materials may be used as daily cover on the working face or until it is
necessary to cover with earthen material. The alternative cover material must be approved
by the Division of Waste Management and applied according to manufacturers
recommendations. At a minimum soil cover will be used once every seven (7) days. (See
Section 1.7)

3. Spreading and compacting requirements.

a. C&DLF units will restrict solid waste to the smallest area feasible.

b. Solid waste will be compacted as densely as practical into cells.

c. Fencing and/or diking will be provided within the area to confine solid waste which is
subject to be blown by the wind. At the conclusion of each operating day, all windblown
material resulting from the operation will be collected and disposed of by the County.

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4. Disease vector control

a. The County will prevent or control on-site populations of disease vectors using techniques
appropriate for protection of human health and the environment.
b. "Disease vectors" means any rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or other animals, including
insects, capable of transmitting disease to humans.

5. Air Criteria and Fire Control

a. The County will ensure that the units do not violate any applicable requirements developed
under a State Implementation Plan (SIP) approved or promulgated by the U.S. EPA
Administrator pursuant to Section 110 of the Clean Air Act, as amended.

b. Open burning of solid waste, except for the approved burning of land clearing debris
generated on-site or debris from emergency clean-up operations, is prohibited at all C&DLF
facilities. Prior to any burning a request will be sent to the Division for review and approval.
In addition, the Division of Air Quality and local fire department must approve the activity
prior to burning. The Division will determine the burning to be approved if it is one of two
types of burning previously referenced. A notation of the date of approval and the name of
the Division personnel who approved the burning must be included in the operating record.

c. Equipment will be provided to control accidental fires. In the event of an emergency the
operator(s) will call 911. Castoria Voluntary Fire Department is located 2 miles away and
the nearest fire hydrant is ¼ mile away. Fire extinguishers are located in all buildings and
on all equipment. Dirt piles are also on site to use in emergency situations.

d. Fires and explosions that occur at the C&DLF require verbal notice to the Division within 24
hours and written notification within 15 days. Written notification must include the
suspected cause of fire or explosion, the response taken to manage the incident, and the
action(s) to be taken to prevent the future occurrence of fire or explosion.

6. Access and safety requirements

a. The C&DLF will be adequately secured by means of gates, chains, beams, fences and
other security measures approved by the Division to prevent unauthorized entry.

b. An attendant will be on duty at the site at all times while it is open for public use to ensure
compliance with operational requirements.

c. The access roads to the site and monitoring locations will be of all-weather construction
and maintained in good condition.

d. Dust control measures will be implemented when necessary. If dust problems should arise,
the County will use any reasonable means necessary to reduce it. At a minimum the
County will spray water on necessary areas.

e. Signs providing information on tipping or disposal procedures, the hours during which the
site is open for pubic use, the permit number and other pertinent information will be posted
at the site entrance.

f. Signs will be posted stating that no hazardous or liquid waste can be received.

g. Traffic signs or markers will be provided as necessary to promote an orderly traffic pattern
to and from the discharge area and to maintain efficient operating conditions.

h. The removal of solid waste from the C&DLF will be prohibited unless the County has
included in it’s operational plan a recycling program which has been approved by the
Division. The general public is prohibited from removal activities on the working face.

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7. Erosion and Sedimentation Control Requirements

a. Adequate sediment control measures (structures or devices), will be utilized to prevent silt
from leaving the landfill.

b. Adequate sediment control measures (structures or devices), will be utilized to prevent
excessive on-site erosion.

c. Provisions for a vegetative ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion will be accomplished
within 30 working days or 120 calendar days upon completion of any phase of landfill
development.

8. Drainage Control and Water Protection Requirements

a. Surface water will be diverted from the operational area and will not be impounded over
waste.

b. Solid waste will not be disposed of in water.

c. Leachate will be contained on site and properly treated prior to discharge.

d. The landfill will not:

(i) Cause a discharge of pollutants into waters of the United States, including
wetlands, that violates any requirements of the Clean Water Act, including, but not
limited to, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
requirements pursuant to Section 402.

(ii) Cause the discharge of a nonpoint source of pollution to waters of the United
States, including wetlands, that violates any requirements of an area-wide or state-
wide water quality management plan that has been approved under Section 208 or
319 of the Clean Water Act, as amended.

e. The County will inspect the exterior slopes of the landfill at least weekly to determine
if there are any breakouts of leachate in the slopes. If any are discovered, they will
be contained immediately to assure that they will not leave the site. The containment
can consist but not be limited to an earthen berm, sand bags, erosion control logs
and/or anything that will contain the leachate on the slope.

The repair of the breakout will require excavating into the cover soil on the slope
down to the waste and into the waste to determine what is causing the leachate to
come to the surface. Normally it is another layer of soil that has been used as cover
and the leachate is flowing along that layer to the slope and surfacing on the slope.
The lower layer of cover needs to be removed at the breakout so that the leachate
that is flowing along this cover has a point where it will go vertically into the landfill
instead of flowing along the soil boundary that was once either daily cover or an
intermediate cover.

Once this soil layer has been breached, the excavation can be filed back with stone,
clean waste or any material, other than soil, that will allow the leachate to flow
vertically instead of horizontally. Once the excavation has been filled with this material,
the surface can be cover with soil so that surface water does not intrude into the
excavation. Vegetative cover will be reestablished over the excavated area.

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9. Survey for Compliance

Within 60 days of a permittee’s receipt of the Division’s written request, the permittee will have a
survey conducted of active and/or closed portions of the unit(s) at the facility in order to determine
whether operations are being conducted in accordance with the approved design and operation
plans. The permittee must report the results of the survey, including a map produced by the
survey, to the Division within 90 days of receipt of the Division’s request.

a. A survey shall be required by the Division:

(i) If there is reason to believe that the operations are being conducted in a manner
that deviates from the plan listed in the effective permit, or

(ii) As verification that operations are being conducted in accordance with the plan
listed in the effective permit.
b. Any survey pursuant to this Paragraph must be performed by a professional land surveyor
duly authorized under North Carolina law to conduct such activities.

10. Record keeping Requirements

a. The County will record and retain at the facility, or an alternative location near the facility
approved by the Division, in an operating record the following information as it becomes
available.

(i) Inspection records, waste determination records, and training procedures;

(ii) Amounts by weight of solid waste received at the landfill to include source of
generation.

(iii) Any demonstration, certification, findings, monitoring, testing or analytical data
required for surface water, ground water and gas monitoring;

(iv) Any monitoring, testing, or analytical data required for closure or post-closure;

(v) Any cost estimates and financial assurance documentation;

(vi) Notation of date and time of placement of cover material;

(vii) All audit records, compliance records and inspection reports;

(viii) Notation of approval date and the name of the Division personnel who approved
the type of the open burning; and

(ix) Approved monitoring plan and corrective action plans.

b. All information contained in the operating record will be furnished to the Division according
to the permit or upon request, or be made available for inspection by the Division.

c. The operating record will also include a copy of the approved operation plan and all
required permits.

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1.3 Ground Water and Surface Water Sampling and Analysis Plan

Introduction:

Objective:

The objective of this Groundwater and Surface water Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) is to provide clear
guidelines and procedures for field and laboratory personnel when collecting and analyzing groundwater
and surface water samples. This plan is an update that supersedes the November 1995 SAP for the
Greene County C&D landfill on top of the municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF). The sampling procedures
outlined in this SAP are guidelines by which sampling will be performed. Deviation from the procedures
may be warranted depending on facility conditions or unforeseen sampling variables. Alternative sampling
procedures must conform to the guidance document “Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater,
Soil, and Surface Water Sampling”.

All groundwater and surface water monitoring points shall be sampled semi-annually for the constituents
listed in 40 CFR Part 258 Appendix I and Appendix II. In addition to the Appendix I and Appendix II
constituents, monitoring wells MW-1R and MW-4 will be sampled for the following suite of Monitored
Natural Attenuation (MNA) parameters.

MNA Performance Parameters
Parameter Analysis Type Analytical Method
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Field Reading Field Instrument
pH Field Reading Multi-parameter Field Instrument w/ flow-through cell
Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) Field Reading Multi-parameter Field Instrument w/ flow-through cell
Turbidity Field Reading Field Instrument
Conductivity Field Reading Multi-parameter Field Instrument w/ flow-through cell
Temperature Field Reading Multi-parameter Field Instrument w/ flow-through cell
Dissolved CO2 Field Reading Field Instrument
Alkalinity (Total as CaCO3)* Laboratory/Field* EPA 310.2
Chloride* Laboratory/Field* SM 4500-CLB
Iron Laboratory SM3111B
Nitrate* Laboratory/Field* EPA 353.2 / SM 2320B
Sulfate* Laboratory/Field* EPA 375.4 / SM 4500-SO4E
Sulfide* Laboratory/Field* EPA 376.1 or SM 4500SE
TOC/BOD/COD Laboratory EPA 415.1 / EPA 405.1 / EPA 410.1
Methane Laboratory RSK 175
Ethane, Ethene Laboratory RSK 175
Hydrogen Laboratory AM19GA
Volatile Fatty Acids Laboratory AM23G
*For budgetary considerations these analyses may be performed in the field using Hach® brand color wheel test kits.

Water Quality Monitoring Summary:

The nature of groundwater flow, geology, location of creeks, and close proximity of several drainage
features will require extensive monitoring for early detection of a release. The monitoring plan includes
sampling six (6) monitoring wells (MW-1R, MW-4, MW-5, MW-6, MW-7 and MW-8) and two (2) surface
water monitoring points.

Monitoring well MW-1R, located southwest and upgradient of the landfill, will serve as the background well.
MW-4, located near the northeastern corner of the landfill unit serves as a downgradient well. MW-5 serves
as a downgradient well located east of the central portion of the landfill. MW-6 is a downgradient
monitoring well located southeast of the landfill unit. MW-7 was installed northeast of the unit in June 2007
approximately 240 feet east of the waste limit, just inside the relevant point of compliance (250 feet from the
waste limit). MW-8 was also installed in June 2007 farther northeast of the unit just inside the relevant point
of compliance. Surface water sampling points are located off site on the tributary of Sandy Run.

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Assessment Monitoring:

Assessment monitoring, consisting of collecting and analyzing groundwater samples for the Appendix I and
Appendix II list of constituents will be performed on the background well (MW-1R) and the compliance wells
(MW-4, MW-5, MW-6, MW-7 and MW-8). In addition field parameters including dissolved oxygen (DO),
oxidation reduction potential (ORP), pH, temperature, turbidity, and conductivity will also be collected.

Sampling Equipment:

Groundwater purging and sampling will be performed using a submersible pump and/or disposable
polyethylene bailers. The following procedure will be used to decontaminate the submersible pump:

1. Phosphate-free detergent & de-ionized or distilled water rinse.
2. De-ionized or distilled water rinse.
3. Isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol) rinse.
4. De-ionized or distilled water rinse.

A new bailer will be used to sample each individual well. Under no circumstance will a disposable bailer
used to sample a given well be used to sample any remaining well.

At least one (1) equipment blank will be collected during pump decontamination procedures to ensure that
cross-contamination has not occurred as a result of the decontamination process. The standard equipment
necessary to conduct sampling for each well consists of:

• Sample containers (including trip blanks and equipment blanks)
• Wide-mouth container
• Bailing twine
• Disposable latex/nitrile gloves
• Temperature/pH/ORP/conductivity indicator
• Electronic water level indicator
• Transport or storage coolers with ice.

All equipment subject to damage and contamination will be transported in sealed, plastic bags or storage
containers. The water level indicator will be decontaminated in accordance with Steps 2 and 3 described
above prior to placement in a clean plastic bag or storage container.

Appendix I and Appendix II Sample Containers

Groundwater and surface water samples will be collected for the various analyses in the appropriate
laboratory-supplied containers.

• Each sample container will be clearly labeled providing the following information: site name,
county location, sample identification number, parameters to be analyzed, preservative added,
date and time of sampling, and initials of the sampler.
• Samples to be analyzed for VOCs will be collected first in three 40-ml glass vials with Teflon septa
caps. The sample vials will be completely filled to create zero headspace in the vials.
• Samples to be analyzed for inorganic constituents will be collected second in a quart/1-liter
polyethylene container.
• Samples to be analyzed for the remaining target analytes will be collected in the appropriate
laboratory-supplied containers.

All sample containers will be obtained from an independent laboratory in a sterilized condition and with the
appropriate, method-specific preservative. Care will be taken by the field technician to not allow the
preservative to wash out of the sample containers during sampling.

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MNA Sampling Containers:

Groundwater samples to be analyzed for MNA performance parameters will be collected into the container
types listed in the table below.

MNA
Parameter
Volume Bottle Type Preservative
Alkalinity 250 mL Plastic none; cool to 4oC
Chloride 125 mL Plastic none; cool to 4oC
TOC/COD 250 mL Glass Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
BOD 500 mL Polyethylene none; cool to 4oC
Iron 125 mL Plastic Nitric acid (HNO3)
Nitrate 125 mL Plastic Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Sulfate 125 mL Plastic none; cool to 4oC
Sulfide 250 mL Glass Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Methane/Ethane/Ethene 125 mL Plastic none; cool to 4oC
Hydrogen - - proprietary lab sampler
Volatile Fatty Acids 40 mL Glass Hydrochloric Acid (HC1)

Sampling:

Wells will be sampled from upgradient to downgradient; or when previous analytical data is available, from
least to greatest contamination. This procedure is required to limit the potential of cross contamination
between sampling points.

A clean sheet of plastic will be placed around the well to provide a clean surface for sampling equipment.
The total well depth read from the well tag and the measured depth to water, determined using the water
level indicator, will be used to compute the depth of water in the well. The total well depth will be measured
and compared to the depth indicated on the well tag as a check for silt buildup or blockage at depth.

All meters used to monitor purge parameters will be calibrated immediately prior to purging and sampling,
and those readings recorded in a field logbook. Entries will always include pre- and post- calibration
readings as well as the model and serial number of the equipment and the date, time, and person
performing the calibration(s). Two standards, which bracket the average or suspected measurements for
pH and specific conductance, will be used at the site. Since natural waters (including those impacted by
environmental contaminants) tend to have pH values less than 7.0, pH buffers of 4.0 and 7.0 will typically
be used for instrument calibration.

Disposable nitrile gloves will be worn by the field technician during sampling to minimize the risk of personal
exposure to potentially harmful chemical substances and to minimize the risk of sample cross-
contamination. Fresh pairs of nitrile gloves will be worn during each purge and sampling event. The
groundwater samples will be transferred from the bailers into method-specific and appropriately preserved
containers and placed into a clean cooler containing ice to chill the samples to a temperature of
approximately 4oC.

Indicator parameters such as pH, temperature and specific conductance will be measured during purging
as an indication that groundwater representative of the formation surrounding a given well is being
sampled. Purging is considered complete when at least three well volumes have been purged and indicator
parameters have stabilized such that three successive readings vary by no more than 10%. Purging may
need to be continued beyond five well volumes if indicator parameters have not stabilized. All information
will be recorded on a field data sheet or in a field logbook with copies submitted to the Division of Waste
Management with the analytical results.

Purging:

Each well will be purged of approximately three (3) to five (5) volumes of standing water and allowed to
settle prior to collection of groundwater samples. If the well should go dry and not recharge before the
requisite well volumes are removed, the well will be allowed to recharge and a sample will be collected
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within 24 hours of the initial purging. The amount of standing water will be calculated by first subtracting the
depth-to-water from total well depth.

After determination of the amount of water to be purged from a given well, the equipment necessary for
purging will be assembled at the well. The disposable bailer will be maintained in a stable, upright position
while the upper portion of the plastic wrapping will be pulled away to expose only the eyelet used for
securing twine to the bailer. After the twine has been secured to the bailer with gloved hands, the bailer will
be suspended as the remaining plastic is removed. The bailer will be lowered slowly into the well until the
bailer contacts groundwater. The bailer twine will then be cut to an adequate length and secured to prevent
loss of the bailer in the well. At no time during purging will the bailer twine be allowed to touch the ground.
In order to not allow the twine to touch the ground during purging, the twine will be collected when raising
the bailer either by loops gathered in one hand or by alternating hand-to-hand as the bailer is pulled from
the well. When purging deep wells (in excess of 40 feet), the ground and the well head may be covered
with a clean plastic bag or sheet of plastic with a slit cut to allow the plastic to slide over the well head. This
will be a separate sheet of plastic from the one used for the sampling equipment.

Groundwater Sample Collection:

The bailer will be lowered slowly into the well to avoid volatilization of any dissolved-phase compounds that
may be present in the groundwater. Once full, the bailer will be retrieved and containers filled by emptying
the water through the hole at the bottom of the bailer. Glass 40-mL vials for VOC analyses will be filled in
such a manner as to produce zero headspace in the vials. Polyethylene containers for metals analyses will
be filled and sealed with the cap, leaving about ½-inch of airspace at the top. In addition to collecting the
samples, water will be collected in the wide-mouth container for pH, temperature, and conductivity
measurements. Upon completion of sampling, all groundwater samples, including equipment and trip
blanks, will be placed in labeled and sealed plastic bags and stored in ice-filled coolers to chill the samples
to 4oC pending transport to an NCDENR-certified analytical laboratory. Contaminated nitrile gloves and
twine will be discarded.

Surface water Sample Collection:

Surface water sampling will be taken with given consideration to minimize turbulence and aeration. As
during groundwater sampling, surface water samples will be collected by a field technician wearing
disposable gloves. Containers will be dipped at sampling location points by gently dipping the sample
container into surface water and allowing surface water to flow over the mouth of container so as not to
displace any preservative within the sample container. If there is little current movement, the container will
be moved slowly through the water laterally. During times of low water, if the water is not deep enough to
allow filling of sample containers, an appropriately decontaminated sampling cup will be used to retrieve the
sample. All containers will be treated in the same manner as the groundwater samples. The samples will
be sealed in labeled, plastic bags, and stored in an ice-filled cooler to chill the samples to 4oC pending
transport to an NCDENR-certified analytical laboratory.

Chain of Custody:

Chain-of-custody forms will be used to document the handling of all samples collected and listing all
individuals who have taken possession of a given set of samples, including field personnel, laboratory
couriers, and laboratory personnel. Trip blanks, equipment blanks, and sample containers will all travel and
be stored together. Trip blanks will remain in the condition they are received from the laboratory and will
not be opened or tampered with during the sampling. A chain-of-custody record will be completed for each
day's samples, indicating the date and time, sample location, sample matrix (soil, water, etc.), and
laboratory analyses to be conducted.

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Analysis:
When the water samples reach the laboratory, they will be transferred to a sample custodian who will sign
the chain of custody documentation as receipt of the samples. Internal control of the water samples in the
laboratory will be in accordance with QA/QC procedures for the laboratory. Copies of QA/QC manuals for
approved laboratories are on file at the Division of Waste Management.

Groundwater and surface water will be analyzed for the Appendix I and Appendix II list of analyte
constituents. QA/QC procedures utilized during the testing will be in conformance with laboratory QA/QC
manual. Monitoring wells MW-1R and MW-4 will be sampled for the Appendix I and Appendix II list
constituents and the aforementioned MNA performance parameters.

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1.4 Explosive Gas Control Plan

Quarterly, the County Landfill will monitor the explosive gas at the landfill structures, existing methane
monitoring probes, and at/near the landfill boundary. The permanent probes consist of a plastic stand pipe
similar to a piezometer used for groundwater detection. A typical permanent methane probe is detailed in
the operation drawings.

The existing permanent methane probes are surrounding the Closed MSW Landfill Limits. The location and
spacing of the methane probes is somewhat arbitrary. The locations were determined by the relationship of
solid waste with property lines and landfill structures. The spacing of the monitoring probes is between 200
and 400 feet. The migration of methane gas is induced by pressure gradients. The methane will move
from areas of high pressure to those of low pressure following the path of least resistance. The methane
will migrate vertically until it reaches the landfill cap, where it will begin to flow horizontally. This occurs until
it finds a pathway out, either by the installed methane collection trenches or migration through the
permeable in situ soils. Since methane is lighter than air, it wants to escape into the atmosphere. It has
been our experience that whenever gas is migrating no matter what the spacing or depth of the monitoring
probes, the gas will fill the void created by the monitoring point and an explosive meter will monitor the
level. The various depths of the monitoring probes are to ensure a stable monitoring point. The only time a
shallow monitoring point has not worked is in a very heavy, impermeable clay layer that acts as a seal to
the migration of the gas. The permanent probes are surrounding the Closed MSW Landfill Limits.

The gas can be detected by use of an instrument that reports the percent of lower explosive limit. The
instrument being used is the Gas Tech GP 204.

Based on current conditions, there are thirteen (13) existing monitoring points. Quarterly, a County
employee will visit each monitoring point. The monitoring points consist of all methane probes. Using the
detection instrument, he will determine if methane gas has filled the probes. If the probe is near the
property line and methane gas is detected at or beyond the lower explosive limit (100% LEL), it must then
be determined if the gas is migrating across the landfill boundary. If the probe is on the boundary or
methane gas has migrated beyond the boundary , a remediation plan must be completed by Greene
County.

Other points of monitoring will be the landfill structures. Each structure will be monitored for methane using
the following methods:

1. All crawl spaces will be monitored;
2. All corners in the structure will be monitored;
3. Any holes, cracks and pipes through the foundation will be monitored

If methane gas is detected beyond 25% of its lower explosive limit in any structure, check the calibration of
the monitor and resample. If the reading is still above 25%, evacuate the building and try to find the source
of gas. If the source is found try to remove the source. If this fails a remediation plan is stated in the
operational requirements.

1.5 Electronic Waste Plan

The County will collect electronic waste to be recycled according to State Law SL 2010-67(SB 887). The
County will store all electronic recyclables in the Electronic Recyclables Area as indicated by signage at
the Facility and as shown on the Facility, and Engineering/Operation Plans. The electronic recyclables will
be stored in Gaylord boxes, in a covered shelter. The electronic recyclables will be hauled as necessary.
Contact information of all contracted haulers will be placed in the operating record.

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1.6 Small Type-1 Composting Plan

The County will operate a Small Type-1 Compost Facility. The County will process or store less than 6,000
cubic yards of material per quarter, in an area less than 2 acres in size on existing ground. The County will
meet the following conditions:

A) The County will notify the Solid Waste Section prior to operation and on an annual
basis as to:

i) Located at Greene County Construction and Demolition Landfill Facility,
105 Landfill Road, Walstonburg, NC 27888

ii) The Operator is David Jones, Pubic Works Director, located at
105 Landfill Road, Walstonburg, NC 27888

iii) The site will accept less than 6,000 cubic yards of yard and garden waste,
silvicultural waste, untreated and unpainted wood or any combination per
quarter;

iv) The Composting process to be used is static piles; and

v) The product will be used on-site and a soil amendment.

B) The County will operate in accordance with operational requirements as follows:

1. The site will not restrict the 100 year flood.

2. A 50 foot buffer between the site and all property lines and perennial
streams/rivers will be maintained.

3. A 200 foot buffer between the site and all residences and dwellings not
owned by the County will be maintained.

4. A 100 foot buffer between the site and all wells with the exception of
monitoring wells will be maintained.

5. The site will receive yard and garden waste, silvicultural waste, untreated and
unpainted wood waste or any combination thereof.

6. The site will be located in accordance with 15A NCAC 2B .200, Classification and
Water Quality Standards Applicable to Surface Waters in N.C.

7. The site will not be located in an area that runoff from the site will come
in contact with any cap or side slopes of a closed disposal area.

8. A 25 foot minimum distance between the site and swales or berms will
be maintained to allow for fire fighting equipment.

9. The site will meet the following surface water requirements:

a) The site will not cause a discharge of materials or fill materials into
waters or wetlands of the state that is in violation of Section 404 of the
Clean Water Act;

b) The site will not cause a discharge of pollutants into waters of the state
that is violation of the requirements of the National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES), under Section 402 of the Clean Water Act; and
c) The site will not cause non-point source pollution of waters
of the state that violates assigned water quality standards;

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10. The site will meet the following groundwater requirements:

a) The site will not contravene groundwater standards as established under
15A NCAC 2L;

b) Portions of the site used for waste receipt and storage, active composting,
and curing will have a soil texture finer than loamy sand and a depth to the
seasonal high water table will ne maintained at least 12 inches.

11. The compost process will be maintained at or above 55 degrees
Celsius(131 degrees F) for 3 days and aerated to maintain elevated temperatures.
Any ground material stockpiled on-site for more than thirty(30) days will be
monitored as to not exceed 150 degrees Fahrenheit. The stockpile will be
monitored using a windrow probe thermometer, at a frequency of once a week. Any
actions (turning material or wetting) taken to maintain the temperature and any
notations/documentation of temperature will be place in the operating record

C. The Facility will operate in accordance with all other state or local laws, ordinances, rules,
regulations and orders.

D. The County will maintain and operate the site to conform to the following practices:

1) The County will follow the construction plans and conditions of the permit and
retain a copy of said permit, plans, and operational reports on-site.

2) Erosion and Sedimentation Control Requirements

a. Adequate sediment control measures (structures or devices), will be
utilized to prevent silt from leaving the landfill.

b. Adequate sediment control measures (structures or devices), will be
utilized to prevent excessive on-site erosion.

3) Surface water will be diverted from the operational, compost curing and storage
areas.

4) Leachate will be contained on site and treated to meet the standards of off-site
disposal method.

5) Access and security requirements

a. The Facility will be adequately secured by means of gates, chains,
beams, fences and other security measures approved by the Division of
Solid Waste Management to prevent unauthorized entry.

b. An attendant will be on duty at the site at all times while it is open for
public use to ensure compliance with operational requirements.

c. The access road to the site and monitoring locations will be of all-
weather construction and maintained in good condition.

6) The site will only accept wastes it is permitted to receive.

7) Safety requirements:

a. Open burning is prohibited.

b. Equipment will be provided to control accidental fires. In the event of an
emergency the operator(s) will call 911. Castoria Voluntary Fire
Department is located 2 miles away and the nearest fire hydrant is ¼ mile
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away. Fire extinguishers are located in all buildings and on all equipment.
Dirt piles are also on site to use in emergency situations.

c. Personnel training will be provided to insure all employees are train in
site specific safety, remedial, and corrective action procedures.

8) Sign requirements:

a. Signs providing information on tipping or disposal procedures, the hours
during which the site is open for pubic use, the permit number and other
pertinent information will be posted at the site entrance.

b. Signs will be posted stating that no hazardous or liquid waste can be
received.

c. Traffic signs or markers will be provided as necessary to promote an
orderly traffic pattern to and from the discharge area and to maintain
efficient operating conditions.

9) Monitoring requirements:

a. All specified monitoring and reporting will be met.

b. The temperature of all compost produced will be monitored sufficiently to
ensure that the pathogen reduction criteria is met.

10) Compost or mulch that is produced at this facility, that contains minimal
pathogenic organisms, and is free from offensive odor and contains no sharp
particles that would cause injury to persons handling the compost, will be
distributed, with unrestricted applications, with directions.

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1.7 Alternate Cover Materials (ACM)

ACM: Automotive Shredder Residuals (ASR)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF and C&DLF (lined)

Material Characteristics: Automotive shredder residuals are the fines remaining after scrap cars have
passed through a shredder and all recoverable materials have been removed. ASR can consist of glass,
synthetic fibers, rubber, plastics, automobile liquids residue, metal fines and dirt. It is possible for the ASR
to contain substances considered hazardous such as lead, cadmium and PCB.

Usage Criteria:

1. ASR can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a depth of six inches given calm site (weather) conditions.
2. If site (weather) conditions are, or are forecast to be , windy the ASR must either be:
a). Mixed with soil at a ration of 50% soil with 50% ASR prior to application on the working
face, or
b) Placed on the working face to a minimum depth of 3" and then covered with soil a minimum
depth of 3".
3. During use of ASR as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once per
week.
4 ASR shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate cover.
5. The ASR must be sourced from within the approved service are of the landfill facility.

* A CDLF equipped with a liner system may use the ASR as alternate daily cover only. Use of
more than six inches equates to disposal. ASR is not a C&D waste. To dispose of ASR in a
lined CDLF, contact the Permitting Branch of the solid Waste Section for further
clarification.

ACM: Combustion Residuals (CR)/Ash

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF and C&DLF (lined)*, IndLF (lined)*

Material Characteristics: Construction Combustion Residuals or Ash are, generally, the residuals
remaining from the combustion of coal or the incineration of waste materials. The CR/Ash generally
consists of fine particles such as fly-ash as well as larger particles similar to sand, gravel or stone.

Usage Criteria:

1. CR/Ash can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches given calm site (weather)
conditions.
2. If site (weather) conditions are, or are forecast to be , windy the CR/Ash must either be:
a). Mixed with soil at a ration of 50% soil with 50% CR/Ash prior to application on the working
face if it can become airborne or exhibits dust like properties, or
b) Placed on the working face to a minimum depth of 3" and then covered with soil a minimum
depth of 3".
3. During use of CR/Ash as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once per
week, unless otherwise approved by the Section*.
4 CR/Ash may not be used for intermediate cover, if it can become airborne or exhibits dust like
properties.
5. The CR/Ash must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility..

Warning: Some materials, such as flue gas desulfurization residue, are destined for recycle
and cannot be contaminated with soil. Site Specific handling practices should be discussed
with the Solid Waste Section prior to implementation.

* A CDLF equipped with a liner system may use the CR as alternate daily cover only. Use of
more than six inches equates to disposal. CR is not a C&D waste. To dispose of CR in a
lined CDLF, or a non-CCB industrial landfill, contact the Permitting Branch of the solid
Waste Section for further clarification.
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ACM: Construction and Demolition Debris (C&D) Fines

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF and C&DLF (lined)

Material Characteristics: Construction and Demolition Debris Fines are, generally, the residuals and fine
particles remaining in the bottom of dumpsters, roll-off containers and trucks used in the transportation or
processing of C&D debris.

Usage Criteria:

1. C&D Fines can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches given calm site (weather)
conditions.
2. If site (weather) conditions are, or are forecast to be , windy the ASR must either be:
a). Mixed with soil at a ration of 50% soil with 50% C&D Fines prior to application on the
working face, or
b) Placed on the working face to a minimum depth of 3" and then covered with soil a minimum
depth of 3".
3. During use of C&D Fines as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once
per week.
4 C&D Fines shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate
cover.
5. The C&D Fines must be sourced from within the approved service are of the landfill facility.

* Warning: C&D fines can contain large percentages of drywall dust or gypsum. These
materials may produce significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide, an obnoxious smelling
compound. If odor problems develop, the use of the fines should be suspended immediately
and the offending area covered with soil.

ACM: Petroleum Contaminated Soils (PCS)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF and C&DLF (lined)*, IndLF (lined)*

Material Characteristics: Petroleum Contaminated Soils are, generally, native soils contaminated with
some petroleum liquid. Generally, these soils are to be sourced from environmental cleanup sites, spill sites
or sites associated with above ground or underground storage tank (AST or UST) removal. In the case of
ACM usage, petroleum is narrowly defined as low to medium boiling point petroleum derived fuels such as
gasoline, kerosene, diesel, motor oil, mineral spirits and fuel oils #11 through #6. All other petroleum
derived liquids such as solvents, acids, tars and asphalts are excluded. In all cases, the concentration of
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in the PCS cannot exceed 3,000 parts per million (PPM) regardless of
type or test method. The material may not contain chlorinated solvents or other hazardous materials or
exhibit the hazardous characteristic of flammable.

Usage Criteria:

1. PCS can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches.
2. The PCS must be stockpiled within the disposal area and shall be managed and applied in such a
way that runoff cannot leave the lined landfill area.
3. The PCS shall be managed in such a way to prevent run-off and fugitive emissions (i.e. use of
tarps, berms and/or wetting to prevent blowing).
4. PCS is prohibited from disposal. Therefore, the facility may not accept more PCS than can be used
in a 45 day period. The amount of PCS accepted should not exceed 20% of the permitted facility
average monthly waste stream.
5. PCS shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate cover.
6. The PCS must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.
7. PCS can only be used at lined landfill facilities.
8. Records must be maintained in the facility operating record indicating the volume of PCS accepted
and applied at the facility on a daily basis.

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* A CDLF or IndLF equipped with a liner system may use the PCS as alternate daily cover
only. Use of more than six inches equates to disposal. PCS is neither a C&D nor an
Industrial waste. To dispose of PCS in a lined CDLF, or an non-CCB industrial landfill,
contact the Permitting Branch of the Solid Waste Section for further clarification.

ACM: Spray-applied Mortar Coating (SMC)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF, C&DLF and IndLF

Material Characteristics: SMC is, generally, a commercially sourced non-flammable, non-toxic product
containing proprietary components including mix setting agents, reinforcing materials and cement. Other
components, such as latex paint, may also be added to the mixture. All of the components are mixed on
site with water and/or leachate to produce a slurry that is then spray applied to the working face.

Usage Criteria:

1. SMC can be applied, in lieu of soil, given appropriate site (weather) conditions.
2. SMC must be applied in accordance with the manufacturer's application guidelines.
3. SMC must be applied in two directions to ensure adequate coverage.
4. During the use of SMC as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once per
week unless otherwise approved by the Section.
5. The use of non-hazardous latex or water based paint in the mixture is approved provided that the
paint has been collected for recycling.

ACM: Foam Coating (Foam)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF, C&DLF and IndLF

Material Characteristics: Foam Coating is, generally, a commercially sourced non-flammable, non-toxic,
non-hardening water based product. The proprietary liquid concentrate is delivered to the site and diluted
with water prior to application with proprietary equipment.

Usage Criteria:

1. Foam can be applied, in lieu of soil, given appropriate site (weather) conditions.
2. Foam must be applied in accordance with the manufacturer's application guidelines.
3. During the use of Foam as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once per
week.
4. The use of non-hazardous latex or water based paint in the mixture is approved provided that the
paint has been collected for recycling.
5. Foam shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate cover.

ACM: Foundry Sand (Sand)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF, C&DLF (lined)* and IndLF (lined)*

Material Characteristics: Foundry Sand is , generally, a by-product of the smelting and forging processes
for metals fabrication. Metal pieces and particulate may also be found in the sand. Prior to use, a Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis must be performed to ensure no hazardous
constituents are found in the sand at the source. The TCLP analysis results must be submitted with the
Operation Plan revision.

Usage Criteria:

1. Sand can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches.
2. The Sand must be stockpiled within the disposal area and shall be managed and applied in such a
way that runoff cannot leave the lined landfill area.
3. The Sand shall be managed in such a way to prevent runoff and fugitive emissions (i.e. use of
tarps, berms and/or wetting to prevent blowing).
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4. Sand is prohibited from disposal. Therefore, the facility may not accept more Sand than can be
used in a 45 day period. The amount of Sand accepted should not exceed 20% of the permitted
facility average monthly waste stream.
5. Sand shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate cover.
6. The Sand must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.
7. Sand can only be used at lined landfill facilities.
8. Records must be maintained in the facility operating record indicating the volume of Sand accepted
and applied at the facility on a daily basis.

* A CDLF or IndLF equipped with a liner system may use the Sand as alternate daily cover
only. Use of more than six inches equates to disposal. Sand is not a C&D waste. To dispose
of Sand in a lined CDLF, a lined landfill not previously permitted to accept it or a or an non-
CCB industrial landfill, contact the Permitting Branch of the Solid Waste Section for further
clarification.

ACM: Soil/Mulch Mixture (S&M)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF, C&DLF and IndLF

Material Characteristics: Soil/Mulch Mixture is, generally, a mixture of native soils and wood mulch
generated from grinding of yard trash, land clearing debris and pallets constructed of unpainted and
untreated natural wood. Additionally, shredded tire chips may be used in addition to, or in lieu of, wood
mulch.

Usage Criteria:

1. S&M can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches.
2. S&M can be mixed at a ratio from 80% soil to 20% mulch up to 50% soil to 50% mulch by volume.
3. During the use of S&M as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once per
week.
4. S&M may not be used for intermediate cover.

ACM: Synthetic Tarps (Tarps)

Approved Landfill Use: MSWLF, C&DLF and IndLF

Material Characteristics: Synthetic Tarps are, generally, a commercially sourced non-flammable, non-toxic,
sheet product constructed of an impermeable synthetic polymer typically reinforced with fibers. Acceptable
sheet products include, but are not limited to, geotextiles, polyethylene membranes, plastic film, tarps and
composite geotextile/plastic membranes. Tarps may be applied by hand, using landfill equipment and/or
and Automatic Tarping Machine (ATM).

Usage Criteria:

1. Tarps can be applied, in lieu of soil, given appropriate site (weather) conditions.
2. Tarps must cover the entire working face. Any waste not covered by tarps must be covered by soil.
3. Tarps must be secured in place with the use of soils or other ballast system such as tires or sand
bags.
4. During the use of Tarps as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once per
week.
5. Tarps shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate cover.

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SECTION 2.0

CLOSURE
PLAN

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2.1 Introduction

The Division requires that the Engineer certifies the constructed cap is built according to approved plans
and specifications. The Engineer that will accomplish this task is the one who did the planning and has
written the Closure Plan specifications.

Before construction can begin, a pre-construction meeting will be held and the responsibilities and duties of
each party will be discussed.

The Contractor is responsible for following and meeting the requirements set forth in the contract
documents. The Contractors will provide to the Owner of the landfill and the Engineer a completed landfill
constructed by Division’s approved plans and specifications. The Contractor will give the Engineer a
schedule for completion of the landfill including dates for expected construction of the cohesive soil test
pad, cohesive soil cap, erosive layer, and estimated time for project completion. The Contractor is
responsible for providing a foreman to remain on site at all times during construction, provide qualified
personnel to conduct quality control, scheduling and coordinating the subcontractors, provide progress
reports and as-built drawings, and coordinating construction activities with the Engineer. The foreman is
responsible for supervising and coordinating with his crew, subcontractors, quality control personnel,
attending all meetings and notifying the Engineer’s Construction Observer when any discrepancies occur.
The Contractor will meet with the Construction Observer on a daily basis to discuss the days construction
activities. The results of all tests and any change in schedule shall be given to the Construction Observer
as soon they are known by the Contractor. The Contractor must be registered in the State of North
Carolina.

The Engineer is responsible for providing the engineering design, drawings and specifications, contract
documents and Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) needed for construction of the landfill. The
Engineer is responsible for conducting the pre-construction meeting, which will lay out the foundation for the
project. The Engineer will approve any design changes and certify to the Division that the cap was
constructed according to the requirements of Rule .0541 Construction Quality Assurance Plan and .0540
Construction requirements for C&D Facilities, and Division approved plans and specifications. This will be
accomplished by on-site observation and independent laboratory soil testing to test site-specific soil
properties including permeability. The Engineer will provide Quality Assurance by spot testing along side
the Contractor, who will be providing the Quality Control. The Engineer will certify that the construction was
completed in accordance with the CQA manual. The Engineer must be a professional engineer registered
in North Carolina.

The Construction Observer (CO) is the Engineer’s representative on-site. It is the CO’s responsibility to
know and interpret the plans and specifications of the project. On a daily basis the CO will coordinate with
the Foreman to help ensure a quality product for the Owner. The CO will keep a daily log on the activities of
the Contractor, keep notes on all meetings, and handle all quality assurance activities indicated in this
document. The CO will keep a log of all material delivered on site and ensure the materials meets or
exceeds the specifications indicated in this report. If the need arises, additional meetings will be scheduled
as determined by the CO.

The estimate of the maximum inventory of wastes ever on-site over the active life of the landfill facility is
36,545 tons from FY 97-98 through FY 14-15.

Prior to beginning closure, the County shall notify the Division that a “Notice of the Intent to Close” the unit
has been placed in the operating record. The County shall begin closure activities no later than thirty (30)
days after the date on which the landfill receives the final wastes, or if the landfill has remaining capacity
and there is a reasonable likelihood that the landfill will receive additional wastes, no later than one year
after the most recent receipt of wastes. Extensions beyond the one-year deadline for beginning closure
may be granted by the Division if the County demonstrates that the landfill has the capacity to receive
additional waste and the County has taken and will continue to take all steps necessary to prevent threats
to human health and the environment from the closed landfill.

The County shall complete closure activities in accordance with the Closure Plan within 180 days following
the final receipt of waste. Extensions of the closure period may be granted by the Division if the County
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demonstrates that closure will, of necessity, take longer than one hundred eighty (180) days and the County
has taken and will continue to take all steps to prevent threats of human health and environment from the
enclosed landfill.

Following closure of the landfill, the County shall notify the Division that a certification, signed by the Project
Engineer verifying that closure has been completed in accordance with the Closure Plan, and has been
placed in the operating record. The County shall record a notation on the deed to the landfill property and
notify the Division that the notation has been recorded and a copy has been placed in the operating record.
The notation on the deed shall in perpetuity notify any potential purchaser of the property that the land has
been used as a landfill and its use is restricted under the Closure Plan approved by the Division. The
County may request permission from the Division to remove the notation from the deed if all waste is
removed from the landfill.

2.2 Cap System

The County will cap their landfill within 180 days after the final receipt of solid waste. The cap system will
consist of 12 inches of intermediate cover, 18 inches of cohesive soil with a permeability no greater than 1.0
x 10-5 cm/sec, and 18 inches of erosive layer. The cap will contain a gas venting system consisting of a
series of washed stone trenches below the soil liner that will be vented through 10” diameter PVC pipes that
penetrate the cap. The cap system will also include the proper seeding and mulching of the erosive layer
and other erosion control devices. The largest area currently requiring a cap system will be 12.65 acres.

2.3 Cohesive Soil Cap

All materials and equipment shall be furnished by an established and reputable manufacturer or supplier.
All materials and equipment shall be new and shall be of first class ingredients and construction, designed
and guaranteed to perform the service required and shall conform with the following standard specifications
or shall be the product of the listed manufacturers or similar and equal thereto as approved by the
Engineer.

Cohesive Soil Cap Borrow Material

Test Name Test Method Contractor/Engineer Frequency
Moisture/Density ASTM D698/D1557 1 per 5000 c.y.
Remolded Permeability ASTM D5084 1 per 5000 c.y.
Atterberg Limits ASTM D4318 1 per 5000 c.y.
Visual Classification ASTM D2488 1 per 5000 c.y.
Grain Size Distribution ASTM D422 1 per 5000 c.y.

Cohesive Soil Cap Test Pad

Test Name Test Method Contractor/Engineer
Frequency

Field Moisture/Density ASTM D1556 (sand cone)
ASTM D2922/D3017 (nuclear gauge)
ASTM D2937 (drive cylinder)
3 per lift
Permeability ASTM D5084 1 per lift
Remolded Permeability ASTM D5084 1 per lift
Atterberg Limits ASTM D4318 1 per lift
Visual Classification ASTM D2488 1 per lift
Grain Size Distribution ASTM D422 1 per lift

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In-Place Cohesive Soil Cap

Test Name Test Method Contractor/Engineer
Frequency

Field Moisture/Density ASTM D1556 (sand cone)
ASTM D2922/D3017 (nuclear gauge)
ASTM D2937 (drive cylinder)
1 per lift per acre
Permeability ASTM D5084 1 per lift per acre
Atterberg Limits ASTM D4318 1 per lift per acre
Visual Classification ASTM D2488 1 per lift per acre
Grain Size Distribution ASTM D422 1 per lift per acre

(a) Suitable on-site and/or off-site soils may be used as cohesive soil cap if it can achieve an in-place
permeability of 1.0 x 10-5 cm/sec or less and meets all testing requirements indicated in the material
testing paragraph in this section. Wyoming bentonite or an approved equivalent may be blended with the
soil to lower the soil's permeability.

(b) A permeability “window” shall be developed for each type of soil from the borrow material that will be
used for construction of the cohesive soil cap. The window shall be plotted on a semi-log plot with
moisture content versus density. Laboratory testing to develop the window shall include a series of
remolded samples compacted to various dry densities and moisture contents utilizing the same
compactive effort (ASTM D 698 or D 1557). The remolded samples shall be tested for permeability to
determine whether or not the particular soil type will provide the maximum permeability (1.0 x 10-5
cm/sec) at various dry densities and moisture contents. The window is then developed from the accepted
remolded samples and moisture contents from the semi-log plot. A straight line is typically drawn
between the acceptable points on the moisture-density curve to indicate a range of probable acceptable
permeability results. The window will be used in the construction of the test strip to verify the laboratory
remolded permeability results.

(c) Atterberg Limits (ASTM D4318) and grain size distribution (ASTM D422) and visual classification
(ASTM D2488) shall also be conducted on the bulk samples used to prepare the permeability window.
These tests can be used as indices on random samples collected from the borrow site during construction
to verify the soil type is the same as was used to develop the “window”. As a minimum, sufficient visual
classifications and Atterberg Limits shall be conducted in association with each permeability test to verify
that the construction materials meet specifications.

(d) A test strip of compacted cohesive soil cap shall be prepared to verify the permeability “window” prior
to general installation of the cohesive soil cap. The test strip will be used to verify the results from the
remolded permeabilities from the borrow site utilizing the permeability
window(s) for each soil type that is going to be used for construction of the cohesive soil cap. At a
minimum, the verification will consist of three moisture density tests, one Atterberg limits test, one grain
size distribution test (ASTM D2488, D4318, and D422 respectively), and one Shelby Tube sample (ASTM
D1587) for each lift constructed in the test pad. Laboratory permeability tests shall be performed on tube
(Shelby or drive tubes) samples of the cohesive soil cap after placement and compaction. The
permeability must be a maximum of 1.0 x10-5cm/sec. Tests shall be performed in accordance with the
ASTM D5084. The test strip shall be approximately 2,500 sq. ft. in surface area and constructed to
conform geometrically to the site topography with a minimum lateral dimension in any direction of 25 feet.
The test strip shall consist of at least three compacted 6 inch lifts of cohesive soil cap. Placement and
testing of the test strip shall be in conformance with the construction specifications and requirements for
general installation of the cohesive soil cap. Test results from the test strip shall be used to guide
placement and achievement of the required maximum permeability of 1.0 x 10-5 cm/sec of the cohesive
soil cap. The test strip may be used as an integral part of the overall cohesive soil cap if it meets the
required specification for the cap. All results shall be given to the CO.

(e) The soils shall be placed to the total thickness shown on the plans in maximum 8-inch thick loose lifts
resulting in a maximum 6" lift compacted preferably at a moisture content between 0 to 3% above
optimum moisture content to 95% (Standard Proctor) maximum dry density (ASTM D698). A sheepsfoot
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roller or approved alternative may be used to compact the soil cap provided the compaction and
permeability requirements can be achieved. Each lift shall be tested for permeability, moisture content,
particle size distribution analysis, Atterberg Limits, moisture-density-permeability relation, and if needed,
percent bentonite admixed with soil, prior to the placement of the succeeding lift. Each lift shall also be
visually inspected to confirm that all soil clods have been broken and that the surface is sufficiently
scarified so that adequate bonding can be achieved. Soils for cohesive soil cap shall be screened,
disked, or prepared using any other approved method as necessary to obtain a homogeneous cohesive
soil with clod sizes in a soil matrix no larger than approximately 1.5 inches in maximum diameter. After
each lift, the surface shall be scarified prior to the placement of the next lift to provide good bonding from
one lift to the next.

(f) The cohesive soil cap shall be tested in the field to evaluate the coefficient of permeability. The
coefficient of permeability of the soil cap shall be equal to or less than 1.0 x 10-5 cm/sec after placement
and compaction. The soil cap must be a minimum of 1.5 feet thick.

(g) Laboratory permeability tests shall be performed on tube (Shelby or drive tubes) samples of the
cohesive soil cap after placement and compaction. The permeability must be a maximum of 1.0 x 10-
5cm/sec. Tests shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D5084.

(h) The soil cap shall be tested a minimum of one soil sample per lift per acre for laboratory permeability.
All permeability testing will be on random samples judged by the Engineer to be representative of the
most permeable soil conditions for the area being tested. The project engineer shall certify that the
materials used in construction were tested according to the Division approved plans. If after placement of
the soil cap it fails the required tests, the material will either be reworked or replaced and then retested for
permeability. The soil cap must remain moist at all times. If any section becomes dry, rework the dry
area and moisten.

(i) A minimum of two (2) inches of soil shall be removed prior to securing each sample for permeability
testing. The sampling tube shall be advanced vertically into the soil with as little soil disturbance as
possible and should be pushed using a uniform pressure. The sampling tube (Shelby tube), when
extracted, shall be free of dents, and the ends shall not be distorted. A backhoe or approved alternative
should be used to advance the sampling tube (Shelby tube) as long as disturbance is minimized. Drive
tube samples of the Cap may be obtained for permeability testings. If the Engineer judges the sample to
be too disturbed, another sample shall be taken. Once an acceptable sample has been secured and
properly prepared, all sample excavations shall be backfilled to grade with a 50% mixture of bentonite
and similar soils in maximum 3-inch loose lifts and hand tamped with a blunt tool to achieve a tight seal
equivalent to the original density.

(j) No additional construction shall proceed on the soil layers at the area being tested until the Engineer
has reviewed the results of the tests and judged the desired permeability is being achieved.

(k) As a minimum, sufficient visual classifications (ASTM D2488) , Gradation analyses (ASTM D422) and
Atterberg limits (ASTM D4318) shall be conducted in association with each permeability test to verify that
the construction materials meet specifications. The minimum number of tests will be one per lift per acre.

(l) If the soil for the cohesive soil cap is incapable of achieving the required permeability when compacted,
bentonite or approved alternative may be mixed with the soils to decrease the permeability. The amount
of additive required must be determined in the laboratory. Where additives are required, the soil shall be
placed in maximum 8-inch thick loose lifts and compacted preferably between 0 to +3% optimum
moisture content to 95% Standard Proctor maximum dry density (ASTM Test Designation D698) for the
soil-additive mixture. All other compaction procedures for the soil apply.

(m) The Contractor shall protect the cohesive soil cap from desiccation, flooding and freezing. Protection,
if required, may consist of a thin plastic protective cover, (or other material as approved by the engineer)
installed over the completed cohesive soil cap until such time as the placement of flexible membrane liner
begins. Areas found to have any desiccation cracks or which exhibit swelling, heaving or other similar
conditions shall be replaced or reworked by the contractor to remove these defects.
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(n) The thickness and grade of the soil cap will be verified by the surveyor. The soil cap will be surveyed
at 100 foot grid points where the elevations of the top of landfill will be checked with the top of soil cap to
verify 1.5 feet of soil cap. The grade will then be verified with the surveyed information. The survey will be
performed by North Carolina Professional Land Surveyor.

2.4 Erosive Layer

The soil for the erosive layer shall consist of any soils suitable of supporting vegetative growth.

(a) Native vegetation will be used as recommended in the NC Erosion and Sediment Control
Planning and Design Manual and as shown in the Closure Plan drawings in Appendix A.

(b) The thickness and grade of the erosive layer will be verified by the surveyor. The erosive
soil layer will be surveyed at 100 foot grid points where the elevations of the top of landfill will
be checked with the top of soil cap to verify 1.5 feet of erosive soil layer. The grade will then be
verified with the surveyed information. The survey will be performed by North Carolina
Professional Land Surveyor.

2.5 Methane Venting System

Gas Venting System

NC.D.O.T. No.5 stone, Geotextile fabric, and 8" and 10” plastic pipes will be used in the construction of
the Gas venting system.

(1) Stone in Trenches and Surrounding Perforated Collection Piping

Stone for methane collection system shall meet the requirements of NC DOT aggregate,
Standard Size No. 5 and shall contain no fines. Stone must pass the sieve analysis test for No.
5 stone performed at the quarry.
(2) Geotextile Fabric

Geotextile fabric surrounding the stone/piping shall be non-woven needle punched fabric with
the following minimum properties:

1) Weight 8.0 oz/yd2 ASTM D-3776
2) Grab Strength 205 lbs. ASTM D-4632
3) Grab Elongation 50% ASTM D-4632
4) Trapezoidal Tear Strength 85 lbs. ASTM D-4533
5) Puncture Strength 100 lbs. ASTM D-4833
6) Mullen Burst Strength 320 psi ASTM D-3786
7) Permittivity 1.4 sec-1 ASTM D-4491

Geotextile fabric shall be manufactured by Polyfelt , TNS Advanced Technologies, or approved
equal.

(3) Plastic Pipe

Plastic gravity sewer pipe and fittings used for methane vent shall be unplasticized polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) and conform to the requirements of ASTM Designation D-3034 on ASTM F679,
Type PSM, Class 12454-B, SDR-35 with elastomeric gasket joints. PVC pipe and fittings shall
be as manufactured by J-M Pipe, Certainteed, H&W Industries or equal. The methane riser
pipe shall be a 10-inch solid wall PVC pipe.

The methane gas venting system on top of the landfill will be constructed after all phases of filling have
been completed.

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2.6 Construction Quality Assurance(CQA) Report

The CQA report will contain the results of all the construction quality assurance and construction quality
control testing including documentation of any failed test results, descriptions of procedures used to correct
the improperly installed material, and results of all retesting performed. The CQA report will contain as-built
drawings noting any deviation from the approved closure plans and will also contain a comprehensive
narrative including, but not limited to, daily reports from the project engineer, a series of color photographs
of major project features, and documentation of proceedings of all progress and troubleshooting meetings.

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2.7 Closure Costs

The largest area to be closed within the permitted life will be 12.65 Ac. Post Closure will be 30 years after
Closure.

Closure Costs:

Closure will consist of the following which costs are estimated as being done by a third party.

1. 18" of 1x10-5 cm/sec. soil cover, surface preparation;
2. Erosion Control Devices;
3. 18" Erosive layer;
4. Seeding and Mulching;
5. Mobilization/Demobilization, machine /equipment costs, and fuel costs;
6. Labor Costs;
7. Stone for methane gas collection.
8. Geotextile for methane gas collection.
9. Vent pipes for methane gas collection, and
10. Engineering Costs and QA/QC of the Composite liner and certification of closure,
including CQA field monitoring and lab testing, CQA reporting and certification,
construction administration and bidding, Survey as-builts and recordation fees.

Estimate of Probable Costs:

1. 18" of 1x10-5 cm/sec. cohesive soil cap for 12.65 acres: (including surface preparation)
12.65 x 43,560 = 551,034 x 1.5 = 826,551 / 27 = 30,613 cy
Total yardage + 15% = 35,205 yd3 @ a cost of $10.00/yd3
Cost = $352,050

2. Erosion Control devices

Estimated costs @ $75,000
Cost = $75,000

3. 18" erosive soil layer for 12.65 acres.
12.65 x 43,560 = 551,034 x 1.5 = 826,551 / 27 = 30,613 cy
Total yardage + 15% = 35,205 yd3 @ a cost of $4.50/yd3
Cost = $158,423

4. Seeding and Mulching for 12.65 acres.

Estimated cost of $2,000/acre
Cost = $25,300

5. Mobilization/Demobilization.
(including Machine/Equipment costs and fuel costs)

Estimated cost of $195,000

6. Labor Costs.

Estimated cost of $225,000

Cost = $225,000

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7. Stone for methane gas collection.

Total estimated linear feet =720 ft.
Total estimated volume for a 2'x1' trench = 1,440 ft3
with a density of 120 lbs/ft3 total weight =211 tons @ a cost of $28.00/ton
Cost = $2,408

8. Geotextile for methane gas collection.

Total estimated linear feet = 720 ft.
Total estimated perimeter for a 2'x1' trench =
(720 ft × 6 ft )= ft2 @ a cost of $0.25/ ft2
Cost = $1,080

9. Vent pipes for methane gas collection.

Estimated cost @ $600.00 each (9 vents).
Cost = $5,400

10. Engineering Costs and QA/QC of the Composite liner and certification of closure.
(including CQA field monitoring and lab testing, CQA reporting and certification,
construction administration, construction documentation and bidding, Survey as-builts
and recordation fees)

Estimated cost = $225,000
Cost = $225,000

Total of Estimated Closure Costs:

1. $ 352,050
2. $ 75,000
3. $ 158,423
4. $ 25,300
5. $ 195,000
6. $ 225,000
7. $ 2,408
8. $ 1,080
9. $ 5,400
10. $ 225,000

Total: $ 1,264,661

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SECTION 3.0

POST-CLOSURE
PLAN

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3.1 Introduction

CONTACTS:
Name: David Jones
Title: Solid Waste Director
Phone No.: [phone]
Address: 105 Landfill Rd.
Walstonburg, NC 27888

DESCRIPTION OF USE:

The County has no future use planned for their landfill at this time. However, any future use of the landfill
shall not disturb the integrity of the cap system, base line system or any other components of the
containment system or the functioning of the monitoring systems.

DESCRIPTION OF MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES:

The County Landfill will be monitored quarterly for evidence of settlement, subsidence and ponding in the
cap system. The entire site will be monitored quarterly for evidence and effects of erosion. The erosion
control plan will be preserved. All gates, fencing, access roads, and signs shall be maintained appropriately.
Annually in the Spring, the vegetative cover will be monitored to assure a good stand of vegetation, and
where needed, it will be reseeded. The vegetative cover will be mowed twice a year , once in mid-summer
and again in early fall. These maintenance activities will take place over the entire post closure period of
thirty years. The County will make repairs as necessary to maintain the integrity and effectiveness of the
Cap System.

DESCRIPTION OF MONITORING ACTIVITIES:

The County Landfill will monitor and analyze ground water and surface water semi-annually for Appendix I
constituents for a period of thirty years. The County will also monitor methane gas at landfill structures and
the boundary quarterly for the thirty-year period.

The County will inspect the exterior slopes of the landfill at least weekly to determine if there are any
breakouts of leachate in the slopes. If any are discovered, they will be contained immediately to assure that
they will not leave the site. The containment can consist but not be limited to an earthen berm, sand bags,
erosion control logs and/or anything that will contain the leachate on the slope.

The repair of the breakout will require excavating into the cover soil on the slope down to the waste and into
the waste to determine what is causing the leachate to come to the surface. Normally it is another layer of
soil that has been used as cover and the leachate is flowing along that layer to the slope and surfacing on
the slope. The lower layer of cover needs to be removed at the breakout so that the leachate that is flowing
along this cover has a point where it will go vertically into the landfill instead of flowing along the soil
boundary that was once either daily cover or an intermediate cover.

Once this soil layer has been breached, the excavation can be filed back with stone, clean waste or any
material, other than soil, that will allow the leachate to flow vertically instead of horizontally. Once the
excavation has been filled with this material, the surface can be cover with soil so that surface water does
not intrude into the excavation. Vegetative cover will be reestablished over the excavated area.

COMPLETION OF POST-CLOSURE CARE

Following completion of the post-closure care period for each unit, the owner or operator will notify the
Division that a certification, signed by a registered professional engineer, verifying that post-closure care
has been completed in accordance with the post-closure plan, has been placed in the operating record.

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3.2 Post Closure Costs

The largest closed area to be monitored, within the post closure life will be 12.65 acres.

Post Closure Costs:

Methane gas, ground water and surface water will be monitored for 30 years after closure. The cap will also
be monitored for the 30-year period. All costs include reports, data analysis, and certifications.

1. Ground Water and Surface Water monitoring semi-annually for 30 years for Appendix I
constituents and statistical analysis.

Estimated cost/sample = $940/sample
Total annual samples = 2(6 wells + 2 surface) = 16 samples/year
Estimated cost = 30 years x 16 samples/year x $940/sample =

Cost = $451,200

2. Methane Gas monitoring quarterly for 30 years.
Estimate $670.00/quarter = $2,680/year
Estimated cost = 30 year x $2,680 = $80,400

Cost = $80,400

3. Cap Monitoring and repairing (including maintenance of all gates, fencing, access roads
and signs, mowing and re-vegetation)

Estimate $100,000 for the 30 years.

Cost = $110,000

4. Closure of sedimentation and erosion control devices.
Estimate $24,000.00 for closure

Cost = $24,000

5. Maintenance of gas vents, monitoring wells, etc.
Estimate $65,000

Cost = $24,000

6. Administration/Record keeping/Certification
Estimate $4,000.00/year for 30 years

Cost = $120,000

Total of Estimated Post Closure Costs:

1. $ 451,200
2. $ 80,400
3. $ 110,000
4. $ 24,000
5. $ 65,000
6. $ 120,000

Total: $ 850,600

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APPENDIX A

WRITTEN FACILITY PLAN

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APPENDIX A - Written Facility Plan

Introduction
The County will continue to operate a Construction and Demolition Landfill (C&DLF) within the permitted
boundaries and upon the closed unlined municipal solid waste(MSW) landfill. The unlined MSW area
opened in 1982 and stopped receiving waste prior to October 9, 1991 and was certified closed on August
31, 1998. The closed MSW area has a minimum of two feet of final cover.

General
The existing C&DLF unit is located a minimum of 50’ from the property lines, 500’ from existing wells, and
50’ from any stream, river or lake.

The County will cap their landfill within 180 days after the final receipt of solid waste. The cap system will
consist of 12 inches intermediate cover, 18 inches of cohesive soil with a permeability no greater than 1.0 x
10-5 cm/sec, and 18 inches of erosive layer. The cap contains gas venting system consisting of a series of
washed stone trenches below the soil liner that will be vented through pipes that penetrate the cap. The cap
system will also include the proper seeding and mulching of the erosive layer and other erosion control
devices.

The total permitted C&D capacity is 434,135 cubic yards. The permitted capacity is the sum of the total air
space of 352,500 cubic yards (1997Submittal) and the final soil cover system of 81,635 cubic yards. The
existing closed MSW footprint is approximately 12.65 acres in size.

Disposal Rates
The Facility is open 5.5 days per week. The tonnage per day was approximately 3 tons in the Fiscal
year 2008-2009. The life of the Facility will depend on disposal rates and compaction, which can vary
throughout the life of the Facility. This variance can either increase or decrease the life of the Facility.

Service Area
The Facility will accept only waste from Greene County.

Landfill Capacity
The Life Expectancy calculations were calculated for Phase 2 of development with a vertical expansion
being included when a Phase is constructed adjacent to the previous Phase. Each successive phase will
vary in size due to being able to expand onto the previously filled areas. The Operation Plan of the
Engineering Report will delineate this more clearly. The airspace is a net volume excluding the capping
requirements.

LIFE EXPECTANCY CALCULATIONS PHASES 2
Given:

Life expectancy based on actual air space used from Fiscal Year 2008-2009 is as follows:

Life expectancy based on using the survey is 12,941 cubic yards/year (using 1200#/cy
compaction rate = 7,765 tons/year), for the first year and an annual increase of 3.1% for each year
thereafter.

Phase 2 = 319,335 cubic yards available = 24.07 years
Soil needed for Daily Cover (10:1, trash:soil) = 29,030 cubic yards
Soil needed for Closure (12.65 acres) = 81,635 cubic yards

Overall Soil Requirements = 110,665 cubic yards (soil needed for closure, and daily cover)

The County owns property which it will utilize for borrow material as needed. There should be enough
borrow material available to complete the landfill. If the need arises the County will purchase additional land
to borrow from.

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C & D - ACTIVE/INACTIVE PHASING TABLE

PHASE WASTE FOOTPRINT GROSS CAPACITY STATUS
(ACRE) (CUBIC YARDS)

1 12.65 152,131 ** ACTIVE AND PERMITTED
2 VERTICAL EXPANSION 319,335 NEW PTO REQUESTED

TOTAL 12.65 471,466
** Total waste in place as of 2015-2016 F.Y.

Note: All air space and soil calculation were determined by Autodesk Land Development computer
program.

Estimated schedule of closure will be approximately 24 years.

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APPENDIX B

FACILITY/OPERATION/CLOSURE
DRAWINGS