2509_CRSWMAPTOApplication_Final_DIN26656_20170120

1
Chao, Ming-tai
From:Amy Davis <[e-mail]>
Sent:Tuesday, April 19, 2016 2:02 PM
To:Chao, Ming-tai
Cc:Mousa A. Maimoun; Alex Everhart; Bobby Darden
Subject:RE: Comments on the Permit Amendment Application, CRSWMA, 25-09
Attachments:2016 - 19 - 04 Permit Renewal Submittal Letter (RTC letter#2).pdf
Ming,
On behalf of the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority (CRSWMA), we are pleased to submit our
response to comments for the Tuscarora Landfill.

Hard copies will follow. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Thanks,

Amy R. Davis, PE │Senior Project Consultant │
JOYCE ENGINEERING
Richmond, VA - Greensboro, NC - Charlotte, NC - Charleston, SC│9731-F Southern Pine Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28273 │
tel: [phone] │direct: [phone] │fax: [phone] │ JoyceEngineering.com

From: Chao, Ming-tai [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Wednesday, January 27, 2016 1:44 PM
To: Bobby Darden <[e-mail]>
Cc: Amy Davis <[e-mail]>; Mousa A. Maimoun <[e-mail]>; Ritter,
Christine <[e-mail]>; Williams, Ray <[e-mail]>; Watkins, Jason
<[e-mail]>
Subject: Comments on the Permit Amendment Application, CRSWMA, 25-09

Dear Mr. Darden:

The Solid Waste Section (SWS) completed a review of the Permit Amendment Application for the Tuscarora
Long-term Regional Landfill- IRL, & Phases 1 through 3, Permit No. 2509-MSWLF -1999 (DIN 25278 &
25403) including the Type 1 Composting Facility. The electronic copy of the comment letter that focuses on
the engineering portions of the permit application is attached for your quick review and reference. The hard
copy of the letter will be mailed to your attention today.

Ms. Christine Ritter, the Hydrogeologist of the SWS will send out the additional comments on the
environmental media monitoring in the permit application shortly.

Please contact me or Christine if you have any questions or requests for further clarification of the
comments. Thanks and have a wonderful day.

Ming Chao
Ming-Tai Chao, P.E.
Environmental Engineer
Permitting Branch, Solid Waste Section
2
NCDEQ, Division of Waste Management
(Mailing Address)
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646

(Street Address)
Green Square, 217 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603
Tel. [phone]
[e-mail]
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw

E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.

9731-F Southern Pine Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28273
tel: [phone]
fax: [phone]
www.JoyceEngineering.com

April 19, 2016

Mr. Ming-Tai Chao
NC DEQ
Division of Waste Management
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699

RE: Comments on the Permit Amendment Application for Continued Operations
Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill- IRL, Phases 1 through 3
Craven County, North Carolina
Permit No. 2509-MSWLF-1999, Doc ID No. (DIN) 25342

Dear Mr. Chao:

On behalf of the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority (CRSWMA), Joyce
Engineering, Inc. (JOYCE) is submitting this response to your comments on the Permit Renewal
Application in the email dated January 27, 2016, for the above-referenced project. For your
reference, your comment is repeated below in italicized print, with our response provided in bold
print.

Facility Plan
1. (Section 3.2, Operating Capacity) What is the remaining capacity of the Phase 3 based on the
latest (June 30, 2015) survey result in consistent with Drawing No. FP-09? What is estimated
remaining service life of the Phase 3?
Phase 3 gross designed capacity is 1,851,000 cy (presented on Drawing No. FP-09 and Table
1). As of June 30, 2015, the remaining volume is 1,126,375 cy, of which 123,508 cy is
required for final cover. As a result, 1,002,867 cy remains for waste disposal and
daily/intermediate cover soil. Assuming an annual tonnage of 196,862 and a compaction
efficiency 1,000 lbs/cy, the remaining life of the landfill is about three years as of June 30,
2015 (Table 1).

2. (Section 3.2, Soil Resources) The volume ratio of waste to daily cover soil was 7 to 1 which
was used for the calculations of the landfill capacity and required soil amount for landfill
operations in the previously permit application (DIN 12653) approved January 25, 2011. Please
provide explanation (s) why this ratio changes to 20 to 1.
Paragraph 3.2 Soil Resources has been revised to reflect waste to soil ration per operations.

Operations Plan
3. (Section 2.1, Active Area) Two sumps for Phases 3 are located on the north side of the cells
according to the Engineering Plan Drawing No. EP-02. Please revise the description
accordingly.
The description was revised to match the Engineering Plan Drawing No. EP-02.

Mr. Ming-Tai Chao
April 19, 2016
Page 2 of 5

4. (Section 5.3) Please provide explanation (s) why the volume ratio of waste to daily cover soil
changes to 20 to 1 (see Comment No. 2).
Section 5.3 has been revised to reflect waste to soil ration per landfill operations.

5. (Section 9.3) Please describe the leachate sample locations which must be identified on the
Operations Plan Drawings.
A description has been added and the sampling location on Drawing OP-01.

6. (Section 9.4 Leachate Disposal) If available, please provide the layout and detail drawings
including forcemain alignments/runs, the entrance or connection location where the leachate
drains from the lagoon into the sewer line inside the landfill property. However, if the project is
in the planning stage, the as-built drawings including the above-mention items must be provided
the SWS upon available. Please add this requirement to this Section.
Requested comment has been added to section 9.4.

Appendix VI-4 – Type 1 Yard Waste Composting – Operational Manual
7. (Section 1.3) The contact info – address and phone number of the SWS has been changed to:
 Mailing Address: 1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-1646.
 Physical Address: 217 West Jones Street, Raleigh NC 27603.
 Phone Number: 919 -707-8200.

Please place the update info to this Section.
The updated information is placed into the Operational Manual.

8. (Section 2.2) Please correct the typographic errors observed in this Section.
i. The subsection 2.3.1 – Design Capacities and Product Data is likely the subsection 2.2.1.
The typographic error was corrected.

ii. The Site Plan is likely included in Appendix 3, not in Appendix 6. Please make necessary
corrections in Sections 2.2.1 & 2.2.2.
The typographic error was corrected.

iii. Appendix 6, not Appendix 7 likely contains a table summarizing product quality.
The typographic error was corrected.

9. Please describe the structures (such as the sediment basin and the covered building),
measures, and /or practices that are implementing to control surface water run-on and run-off
and the approaches to collect, store, treat, and /or dispose of leachate that is generated at this
composting facility according to Rules 15A NCAC 13B .1405(a)(7) and .1406(2), (3) & (4).
No changes to sediment basin, surface water run-on and run-off controls have been made
since permit to operate was issued in 2010.

Mr. Ming-Tai Chao
April 19, 2016
Page 3 of 5

10. (Section 2.3.1) The referenced Section 2.4.14(c) in the last paragraph of the Section 2.3.1 is
not available in the Appendix VI-4 – Type 1 Yard Waste Composting – Operational Manual.
Please provide the referenced Section.
Reference has been corrected to read Section 2.3.9(c).

11. (Section 2.3.3) Please describe the implementation of the minimum distance requirement for
adequate access of firefighting equipment [Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1404(a)(8)].
Rule .1404 (8) has been added in Section 2.3.3.

12. (Section 2.4.3) Please correct the typographic errors observed in this section.
i. The referenced Rules .1408(3) and 1406(9)(c) don’t exist and are likely typos. Please make the
necessary corrections.
References have been corrected to read Rule .1408 (c) and .1406 (9).

ii. The DENR officially became the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) on Sept. 18,
2015 when Governor McCrory signed the 2015-2016 state budget into law. Please use the
correct department name in the Section.
All references to DENR have been updated to read DEQ.

Closure & Post-Closure Plan
13. The SWS records show that the permanent closed areas of the landfill are IRL (20.2 acres),
Phase 1 (20.5 acres) and the west slope area of Phase 2 (7.3-acre). Phases 2 that has the
approved waste footprint of 17.2 acres has approximately 9.9-acre remaining area subjected to
final/permanent closure. Therefore, please
i. Submitting the update Section 1.1.2 of the Closure Plan. According to the Rule 15A NCAC 13B
.1629(b)(1), the largest area of the landfill might be closed in the next permit cycle should be
29.6 acres including Phases 2 remaining area (9.9 acres) and Phase 3 area (19.7 acres).
Section 1.1.2 has been revised to reflect the areas remaining to be closed.

ii. Please revise the closure area in the closure cost estimates in Appendix VII-2 accordingly.
The costs shall be in 2015 dollar values (Section 1.7). The associated costs in Appendix VII-2
that were likely approved in 2011 must be adjusted annually (from 2012 through 2015) for
inflation accordingly. The inflation factor can be found in the SWS website
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw/financialassurance.
Closure cost estimates have been revised to reflect the areas to be closed in 2015 dollars.

14. The Post-Closure Plan must describe the requirements of inspection, maintenance, and
decommissioning of the LFGCCs.
Section 2.3 Post Closure Maintenance is included in the Plan. No changes have been made.
Section 2.4 Inspection Plan is included. No changes have been made.
Section 2.5.3 Landfill Gas Monitoring includes the LFGCC decommissioning. No changes
have been made.

Mr. Ming-Tai Chao
April 19, 2016
Page 4 of 5

15. (Section 2.1) The Facility Contact must be updated accordingly.
The facility contact information has been updated.

16. (Section 2.8 & Appendix VII-6) The costs for the 30-year post-closure cares shall be in 2015
dollar values. The associated costs in Appendix VII-6 that were likely approved in the 2011 must
be adjusted annually (from 2012 through 2015) for inflation accordingly. The inflation factor
can be found in the SWS website http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw/financialassurance
Section 2.8 and Appendix VII-6 have been updated to reflect 2015 costs.

17. The costs for surface water monitoring are not included in the Post- Closure Cost Estimates.
Please revise the cost estimate by adding the requested cost item.
Surface water monitoring has been added to the Post-Closure period cost estimate.

18. (Appendix VII-6, Post- Closure Cost Estimates) Please address the following concerns
associated with the costs of the landfill gas monitoring system:
i. Why does the landfill gas monitoring system maintenance last for 20 years, not 30 years
required by the rules 15A NCAC 13B .1627(d)? If the costs are directly related to the existing
landfill gas collection and control system (LFGCCs), the 20-year period may be acceptable, but
not for the on-site explosive gas monitoring & reporting which must be conducted quarterly for
at least 30-year period. Please separate the costs for LFGCCs and explosive gas monitoring.
Explosive gasses monitoring beyond 20 years has been added to the Post-Closure Care Plan
and the cost estimate.

ii. What are the costs for decommissioning of the LFGCCs? Please add the costs to the post-
closure cost estimates.
Decommissioning and estimated costs have been added to the post-closure cost estimate.

19. (Appendix VII-6, Post- Closure Cost Estimates) Please address the following concerns
associated with the costs for Leachate Management:
i. The costs associated with semi-annually leachate sampling are not available.
Semiannual leachate sampling cost has been added to the post-closure care cost estimate.

ii. The leachate amount of 0.089 gallons per acre per day is not suitable for the proposed site
closure scenario. The referenced leachate amount would be generated (from HELP model) when
the height of waste is 200 feet (Profile 5, Appendix IV-3). The maximum waste height at a
probable closure for Phases 1 - 3 in this permit cycle is likely ranging from 40 to 80 feet
(referring Drawing No. FP-09). Therefore, the associated costs for leachate management are
calculated based on the questionable assumptions. Please provide the reasonable estimate
leachate amount and revise the cost estimate.
The probable post-closure leachate generation has been calculated by HELP model for the
Phases 1-3 utilizing 50 foot maximum height resulting on 0.3 gallons per acre per day. The
Post-Closure care estimate has been revised according the calculated leachate generation
rate.

Mr. Ming-Tai Chao
April 19, 2016
Page 5 of 5

iii. (Continue the previous Comment No. 19ii) After completing the proposed leachate disposal
project, the leachate would be discharged into the city sewer system according to the Leachate
Agreement between the City of New Bern and CRSWMA. The costs associated with leachate
disposal might be eliminated from the 30-year post-closure care cost estimates after CRSWMA
submits the SWS a permit modification application including the as-built drawings (see
Comment No. 6) requesting an approval of cost reduction.
Leachate disposal post-closure cost estimate is currently base on direct discharge to
POTW.

20. (Appendix VII-6, Post- Closure Cost Estimates) Please add the following the costs to the
Routine Maintenance and Repairs: fencing, gates, & signage, access roads toward monitoring
locations, stormwater, erosion, and sedimentation control facilities, leachate seeps, integrity of
the final cap system (Sections 2.3 of the Post-Closure Plan).
Section 2.3 has been expanded to include noted routine maintenance and repairs.

According to NCGS 130A-295.2(h1), the minimum cost in the amount of two million dollars for
potential assessment and corrective action (PACA) at the facility, which is additional costs to the
closure and post-closure care activities, must be included to the CRSWMA financial assurance
(Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1628). Please add this PACA requirements & cost to the Closure & Post
Closure Plans.

PACA has been added to the Post-Closure Cots estimate according to NCGS 130A-
295.2(h).

Please do not hesitate to contact us during the review process with any questions or comments
you may have. We look forward to working with you to get the authority’s permit renewed for
continued operation of the landfill.

Sincerely,
JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
Amy Davis, P.E.
Technical Consultant

Attachments
Revised Facility Plan
Revised Operations Plan
Revised Closure & Post Closure Plan

C: Bobby Darden, CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill
PREPARED FOR:

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LONG-TERM REGIONAL LANDFILL
7400 OLD HIGHWAY 70 WEST
TUSCARORA, NC 28523

PERMIT No. 25-09

TUSCARORA LANDFILL
PERMIT TO OPERATE RENEWAL

VOLUME 1, SECTION III
FACILITY PLAN

NOVEMBER 2009
REVISED SEPTEMBER 2010
REVISED NOVEMBER 2015
REVISED APRIL 2016

PREPARED BY:

9731-F SOUTHERN PINE BLVD
CHARLOTTE, NC 28273
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

i
VOLUME 1, SECTION III
FACILITY PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW .............................................................................. 1
2.0 FACILITY DRAWINGS .................................................................................................... 1
2.1. Site Development ........................................................................................................ 1
2.2. Landfill Construction .................................................................................................. 1
2.3 Landfill Operation ....................................................................................................... 2
3.0 FACILITY REPORT .......................................................................................................... 2
3.1 Waste Stream .............................................................................................................. 2
3.2 Landfill Capacity ........................................................................................................ 3
3.3 Containment and Environmental Control Systems ..................................................... 4
3.4 Special Engineering Features ...................................................................................... 8

TABLES

Table No. 1 Waste Disposal Rates and Volume Requirements
Table No. 2 Soil Requirements

APPENDICES

Appendix III-1 Property Deed Information

DRAWINGS

Drawing No. FP-T Title Sheet
Drawing No. FP-L Legend and General Notes
Drawing No. FP-01 Site Development
All Facilities
Drawing No. FP-02 Site Development
Landfill Phases and Leachate Facilities
Drawing No. FP-03 Site Development
Base Grades
Drawing No. FP-04 Site Development
Final Contours

Drawing No. FP-05 Site Development
Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

ii
Leachate Drainage Plan
Drawing No. FP-06 Landfill Operations
Phasing Plan – Phases 3 and 4
Drawing No. FP-07 Landfill Operations
Phasing Plan – Phases 5 and 6
Drawing No. FP-08 Closure Plan
Landfill Gas System Layout
Drawing No. FP-09 Phases 1-6
Cross Sections

Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

1
1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

The facility plan describes the comprehensive development of the MSWLF facility prepared in
accordance with subsection .1619 of the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules. The plan
includes a set of drawings and a report which present the long-term, general design concepts related
to construction, operation, and closure of the MSWLF unit(s), including leachate management.

2.0 FACILITY DRAWINGS

2.1. Site Development

The overall landfill facility is illustrated on Drawing FP-01. CRSWMA’s property boundary
comprises 502 acres. Property information, including copies of deeds and a map with deed book and
page callouts is provided in Appendix III-1.

There is one waste disposal unit of 101 acres. The waste disposal unit consists of two closed areas -
the Interim Regional Landfill (IRL - 20.2 acres) and Phase 1 (20.5 acres); Phase 2 (17.2 acres) -
temporary closure; the Phase 3 an active disposal area (19.7 acres); and the Phase 4 expansion (23.4
acres). Phases 5 and 6 are planned as vertical expansions. Near the facility entrance at the south end
of the property there are truck scales and the landfill office/scalehouse which is connected to a
maintenance shop. Just beyond the scales there is a public convenience center which accepts
household municipal solid waste, which is landfilled, and oyster shells which are recycled.
Continuing to the north there is a composting facility (CRSWMA holds a separate permit, Solid
Waste Compost Facility Permit Number SWC-25-11, for the composting facility) where yard waste
and clean wood debris is processed. Wood pallets that are brought to the landfill are processed at
the composting facility as well. Next to the composting facility is a covered concrete pad
(approximately 100’ x 250’) where scrap tires are collected and loaded onto trailers for removal
from the facility. This area is also used for miscellaneous material storage.

The waste disposal unit begins approximately 2,300 feet north of the facility entrance and extends to
the north and east. The Phase 3 disposal area is located immediately north of the existing municipal
solid waste disposal area (Phase 2). Phase 3 will be developed to a maximum elevation of
approximately 150 feet, and Phase 4 will be developed to a maximum elevation of approximately
130 feet. Phases 5 and 6 represent further vertical development of the footprint established by
previous phases, with Phase 5 reaching a maximum elevation of 200 feet, and Phase 6 reaching the
final elevation of 270 feet.

Site suitability has previously been established, and therefore information regarding site suitability is
not provided in this renewal application.

2.2. Landfill Construction

Landfill construction is proposed to occur in three phases (4, 5 and 6) beyond the current phase, each
with an operating life of approximately five years. Base grades for the Phase 4 expansions are
shown on Drawing FP-03. Final grades for all future phases are shown Drawings FP-06 through FP-
Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

2
07. Base grades are designed to be a minimum of four feet above groundwater. Final grades shown
were developed for fill slopes of 3 horizontal to 1 vertical (3H:1V).

2.3 Landfill Operation

Drawing No. FP-05 includes the general drainage grade and flow direction for the leachate system
and pipelines to the leachate management facility.

Phasing for the facility is included on Drawings No. FP-06 through FP-07. The phasing plans
include transitional contours for each phase of development and the location of stormwater
segregation features. Stormwater control features are included in the Erosion and Sediment Control
plans (submitted under separate cover) and Engineering Plan (included with this submittal).

3.0 FACILITY REPORT

3.1 Waste Stream

Types of Waste Specified for Disposal: The facility will accept residential, commercial, and
industrial waste, wastewater treatment sludges, and construction and demolition (C&D) debris for
disposal. C&D waste is co-disposed in the lined MSW landfill.

Further detail regarding acceptable wastes, prohibited wastes and special wastes are presented in
section 3.3 through 3.5 of the Operations Plan.

Disposal Rates and Estimated Variances: The Franchise Agreement and Intercounty Solid Waste
Agreement for the Tuscarora Landfill do not limit the tonnages that may be disposed of at the
facility. Disposal rates for the Tuscarora Landfill are presented in Table 1, and were obtained from
the CRSWMA Comprehensive Annual Financial Report and the scale house records. The table
shows the annual waste disposal quantities for FY1994 through FY2015, with projected values
thereafter. Between 1995 and 2015, annual growth in waste disposal has varied from a low of -13%
(2012-2013) to a high of 57% (1995-1996). The average annual growth rate during the period
FY1994 through FY2015 is 5%, although the average appears to be skewed on the high side due to
abnormally high increases from 1995-1996 and 1996-1997. The large degree of variation may
reflect fluctuations in clean up debris. Over the past four years, the average annual growth rate has
been 3.27%. For planning purposes, a growth rate of 2% per year has been assumed for 2016
through 2018. Beyond 2018, a growth rate of 5% per year was assumed. Projected disposal
amounts by phase are shown in Table 1. Based on these figures, the facility has the capacity to
operate until year 2030. For purposes of this Renewal Application, CRSWMA is requesting an
allowable annual tonnage rate of 249,000.

Facility Service Area: The Tuscarora Landfill accepts waste generated within the boundaries of
Carteret, Craven, Jones and Pamlico Counties. Municipalities and federal facilities within these
boundaries are included.

Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

3
Waste Management Procedures: The following procedures are in use at the facility and are proposed
to continue. During operating hours, traffic is routed from the entrance gate and scalehouse to a
paved road that becomes a gravel road leading to the disposal area. A convenience center is provided
near the scalehouse for residential drop-off. The convenience center enables residential users to
dispose of waste without having to drive to the working face of the landfill.

Equipment Requirements: The following equipment is used at the landfill. In general, the type and
number of pieces of equipment listed here is expected to be suitable for handling the anticipated
waste stream for the duration of Phase 3. Equipment needs will be reviewed annually, and
additional equipment will be purchased or leased as needed. New equipment will be phased in as
older equipment is retired.

Type Status Quantity
Compactor Active 2
Compactor Reserve 2
Dozer Active 1
Dozer Reserve 1
Excavator Active 2
Off-road Dump Truck Active 1
Loader Active 2
Motor Grader Active 1
Tractor Active 1
Water Truck Active 1
Vacuum Active 1
Fuel Truck Active 1

3.2 Landfill Capacity

Landfill capacity and soil requirements, by phase, were calculated using airspace volumes obtained
using AutoDesk Civil3D/Survey software. The data and assumptions used are consistent with the
disposal rates discussed in the preceding section, and are representative of the operational
requirements and conditions anticipated for the facility.

Operating Capacity:

The property totals approximately 502 acres in size, of which 101 acres make up the overall landfill
footprint. The operating capabilities, by phase and total, are shown in Table 1 and are summarized
below:

Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

4
Phase Area
(Acres)
Gross Capacity(1)
(cubic yards) Status
IRL 20.2
5,198,300

closed
1 20.5 closed
2 17.2 temporary
closure
3 19.7 1,851,000 active
4 23.4 2,354,000 not constructed
5 vertical 2,745,000 not constructed
6 vertical 1,800,400 not constructed
Total 101 13,948,700
(1) Gross capacity is defined as the airspace between top of drainage layer and
approximate final Phase elevation.

Phase 3 is the current active disposal area (19.7 acres) with a gross designed capacity of 1,851,000
cy (presented on Drawing No. FP-09 and Table 1). As of June 30, 2015, the remaining volume is
1,126,375 cy, of which 123,508 cy is required for final cover. As a result, 1,002,867 cy remains for
waste disposal and daily/intermediate cover soil. Assuming an annual tonnage of 196,862 and a
compaction efficiency of 1,000 lbs/cy, the remaining life of the landfill is about three years as of
June 30, 2015 (Table 1).

Soil Resources:

The in-place ratio of waste to soil used to calculate the operating life and operating soil requirements
for each phase was assumed to be 26 to 1 which is generally consistent with results observed from
air space utilization studies. The on-site soil requirements are shown by year and cumulatively in
Table 2. The deficit of soil during the operation of Phase 3 (and future Phases 4 through 6) can be
satisfied by borrowing soil from other locations within the limits of the facility property or from off-
site sources. Based on the conceptual design volumes, the total soil requirement over the life of the
facility (Phases 3 – 6) is approximately 1,007,164 cubic yards.

Structural fill materials for the construction of the base grades may come from off-site sources such
as the Martin Marietta quarry, located approximately 5 miles east from the site. Borrow studies
were previously completed to identify the quality and quantity of on-site soil resources. Soils that are
suitable for final cover or base liner construction were identified and will be reserved for that
purpose so they will not be used for daily cover.

3.3 Containment and Environmental Control Systems

Base Liner System:

The proposed liner system will consist of the following components from top to bottom. This is an
alternate liner that was previously approved for Phases 2 and 3 of the Tuscarora Landfill.

Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

5
 24-inch granular protective and/or drainage layer;
 Non-woven geosynthetic cushion;
 60 mil high density polyethylene (HDPE) textured geomembrane;
 Geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) adhered to a 60-mil textured HDPE membrane (GCL
side up); and
 12-inch compacted soil layer having permeability no greater than 1x10-5cm/sec.

Leachate Management System:

The leachate collection and removal system (LCRS) is designed to meet the requirements of the
North Carolina Solid Waste Management Regulations. The LCRS will include the following
components:

 Drainage layer;
 Leachate header pipes;
 Leachate pump stations; and
 Existing leachate lagoons (2).

Leachate will be conveyed through the drainage layer consisting of at least 24 inches of free-
draining granular material. Within the drainage layer, a network of perforated collection pipes will
intercept the leachate, conveying the leachate by gravity to the sump areas. Leachate will be
pumped from the sump areas via pumping stations and a force main system to the existing leachate
lagoons. At this time, the lagoons’ leachate levels are lowered periodically for transport by tanker
truck to the City of New Bern Wastewater Treatment Facility. An agreement to pump leachate
through a sewer pipe to the City of New Bern Wastewater Treatment Facility will be in effect by
summer 2016. This newest agreement was put in place for the force-main project. Under this
agreement, the lagoons’ leachate levels will be controlled by pumping it through the recently
constructed sewer pipe to the City of New Bern Wastewater Treatment Facility. A copy of the new
leachate agreement is provided in Appendix VI-2 of the Operations Plan. Additional information
pertaining to the quantity of leachate generated, the storage capacity of the lagoons, and the offsite
disposal capacity are provided in the Engineering Plan.

Cleanouts will be provided for the leachate collector lines and leachate header pipe to provide access
for video inspection and to clean the pipes. Pipes will be cleaned using either hydraulic or
mechanical methods.

Cap System:

The cap system is described from bottom to top in the following paragraphs.

a. Intermediate Cover and Leveling Course - Local soil will be placed over the daily
cover soil to provide at least 12 inches of intermediate cover and a uniform base for
construction of the cap.
Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

6

b. Gas Migration Layer – A geonet composite will be installed between the
intermediate cover and the overlying infiltration layer. The geonet composite will
provide a pathway for accumulated gas to move laterally to the vents.

c. Composite Cap: GCL Component - The infiltration layer is proposed to consist of a
geosynthetic clay liner. This layer will be constructed over the geonet composite that
will serve as the gas migration layer. Installation and testing requirements for the
cap are provided in the Specifications (Appendix IV-6) and the CQA Plan.

d. Composite Cap: Geomembrane Component - The geomembrane component of the
infiltration layer will consist of a textured 40 mil flexible geomembrane. The
membrane will be in direct contact with the underlying layer. The testing program
and quality assurance requirements for the geomembrane are described in the CQA
Plan.

e. Drainage Layer - A drainage layer consisting of a geonet and geotextile composite
will be placed over the geomembrane to promote drainage.

f. Protective Layer - A layer consisting of at least 18 inches of local soil will be placed
above the drainage layer to provide a protective cover for the underlying cap
components.

g. Vegetative Layer - A layer of topsoil material or organically amended local soil will
be placed above the protective layer. This soil layer will be at least 6 inches in
thickness. The topsoil material will be lightly compacted so that a good stand of
vegetation can be established. Soil tests may be conducted prior to seeding to
determine if soil additives are needed to establish and maintain the vegetation.

Gas Management System:

Active Landfill Gas Collection and Control

MSW landfills that have permitted capacities greater than 2.5 million Mg or 2.5 million cubic meters
and that have an emission rate for non-methane organic compounds (NMOC) in excess of 50
Mg/year, must install and operate active landfill gas collection and control systems in accordance
with the New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for MSW landfills (40 CFR 60, Subpart
WWW). Such is the case for the Tuscarora Landfill.

An active landfill gas collection and control system is in place on the IRL and Phase I and Phase 2 of
the landfill. Expansion of the gas collection system to cover all areas where waste has been in place
for at least five years will occur as required by the NSPS.

The NSPS regulations require that a Gas Collection and Control System (GCCS) Design Plan be
prepared to demonstrate how landfill gas will be collected and controlled for the life of the facility.
Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

7

The North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NC DEQ), formerly known as
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NC DENR), Division of Air Quality (DAQ) has
the responsibility of approving GCCS Plans and enforcing compliance with the NSPS regulations.

A GCCS Plan for the Tuscarora Landfill was submitted to the DAQ in October, 2007 and approved
in September, 2008. The approved GCCS Plan was provided in the Phase 3 Expansion Permit
Application Engineering Plan as Appendix IV-10. The proposed layout for the gas system at final
closure of the facility is shown on FP-08.

Operations of the active landfill gas system is regulated by DAQ. The Tuscarora Landfill Operates
the gas system under Air Quality Permit No. 09755T01 which is provided as Appendix VI-3 of the
Operations Plan.

Monitoring for Explosion Hazards

To protect public health and safety in the vicinity of the landfill, landfill gas produced by the
decomposition of refuse will be controlled and monitored during the operational, closure, and post-
closure periods. The following regulatory levels must be maintained:

 The concentration of methane gas generated is not to exceed 25 percent of the lower
explosive limit (LEL) for methane in on-site structures (excluding gas control or recovery
system components); and

 The concentration of methane gas is not to exceed the LEL for methane at the facility
property boundary.

Gas monitoring will be conducted during the active life of the landfill and throughout the closure
and post-closure periods to ensure compliance with the regulatory limits. At a minimum, quarterly
monitoring of explosive gases will be conducted in on-site structures. If additional structures are
built, the monitoring program will be expanded to include the new structures.

The Tuscarora Landfill does not have the potential for subsurface methane migration since the base
grades of the landfill are elevated above the existing ground in order to achieve the required
separation from groundwater and slopes. Therefore, the waste and the generation of landfill gas
occurs above the surrounding ground and any lateral migration from the landfill would release the
gas to the atmosphere within the landfill property boundary. Additionally, the water table, which is
near ground surface, and the ditches around the landfill hold water year around, serve as a barrier to
subsurface migration. However, quarterly landfill gas monitoring will include probes GP-6, GP 7
and GP-8 for continued monitoring of the IRL and Phase 1 of the Tuscarora Landfill for potential
subsurface migration. Landfill gas monitoring probes GP-2, GP-3, GP-4 and GP-5 will no longer be
monitored for landfill gas migration. GP-8 has replaced GP-2 and GP-3 as a more acceptable
location for monitoring at the property boundary southwest of the IRL. GP-4 and GP 5 are located
to the south of the IRL, centrally located away from the property boundary, and no longer satisfy the
requirements of monitoring for landfill gas migration toward the property boundary. Finally, fifteen
Section III - Facility Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

8
bar-hole probes (hand-driven hole approximately 0.5-inch by 2.5 to 4-feet deep) surrounding the
parameter of Phases 2, 3 and 4 are monitored quarterly.

3.4 Special Engineering Features

Stormwater Management System:

Phase 3 is designed to drain leachate to two sumps. Initial waste placement in the new phase will be
done in one half of the phase so that stormwater will be segregated in the other half until filling
progresses to cover the entire base of the landfill. Stormwater will be pumped from the landfill sump
into the drainage ditch until drainage to the sump becomes leachate, at which time it will be pumped
from the sump into a forcemain pipe to the leachate lagoons onsite for storage.

(End)

TABLES

Table 1: Actual and Projected Waste Stream and Phase Capacities
Required Disposal
Capacity (CY)
Designed Disposal
Capacity (CY)
YEAR TONS(1)TPD (Avg.)(2)MSW/C&D
Ratio(3)CY(4)TONS CY
1994* 92,857 404 2.9 143,408 92,857 143,408
1995 92,946 326 2.0 143,546 185,803 286,954
1996 145,705 511 4.4 225,027 331,508 511,981
1997 174,739 613 4.7 269,867 506,247 781,849
1998 165,785 582 3.7 256,039 672,032 1,037,887
1999 172,576 606 4.2 266,527 844,608 1,304,414 IRL IRL
2000 175,952 617 8.0 271,741 1,020,560 1,576,155 ++
2001 174,301 612 5.3 269,191 1,194,862 1,845,346 PHASE 1 PHASE 1
2002 175,884 617 3.2 271,636 1,370,746 2,116,982 ++
2003 185,663 651 3.0 286,738 1,556,409 2,403,720 PHASE 2 PHASE 2
2004 205,744 722 2.6 317,751 1,762,153 2,721,472
2005 213,525 749 2.1 329,768 1,975,678 3,051,240 5,542,208 5,198,300
2006 237,712 834 1.7 367,123 2,213,390 3,418,363
2007 233,286 819 1.8 360,287 2,446,676 3,778,650
2008 219,722 771 1.9 339,339 2,666,398 4,117,989
2009 197,486 693 1.9 304,998 2,863,884 4,422,987
2010 176,156 618 2.6 272,056 3,040,040 4,695,042
2011 170,217 597 3.1 262,883 3,210,257 4,957,926
2012 201,813 708 2.0 311,680 3,412,070 5,269,606
2013 176,510 619 2.9 272,602 3,588,580 5,542,208
2014 182,742 641 2.5 365,484 3,771,322 5,907,692
2015 189,217 664 2.7 378,435 3,960,539 6,286,127 PHASE 3 PHASE 3
2016 193,002 677 2.0 386,003 4,153,541 6,672,131 1,925,244 1,851,000
2017 196,862 691 2.0 393,724 4,350,403 7,065,854 CY CY
2018 200,799 705 2.0 401,598 4,551,202 7,467,452
2019 210,839 740 2.0 421,678 4,762,041 7,889,130
2020 221,381 777 2.0 442,762 4,983,422 8,331,892 PHASE 4 PHASE 4
2021 232,450 816 2.0 464,900 5,215,872 8,796,792 2,330,037 2,354,000
2022 244,072 856 2.0 488,145 5,459,944 9,284,937 CY CY
2023 256,276 899 2.0 512,552 5,716,220 9,797,489
2024 269,090 944 2.0 538,180 5,985,310 10,335,669
2025 282,544 991 2.0 565,089 6,267,854 10,900,757 PHASE 5 PHASE 5
2026 296,672 1,041 2.0 593,343 6,564,526 11,494,101 2,973,783 2,745,000
2027 311,505 1,093 2.0 623,010 6,876,031 12,117,111 CY CY
2028 327,080 1,148 2.0 654,161 7,203,112 12,771,272
2029 343,434 1,205 2.0 686,869 7,546,546 13,458,141 PHASE 6 PHASE 6
2030 360,606 1,265 2.0 721,212 7,907,152 14,179,353 1,408,081 1,800,400
CY CY
TOTAL LANDFILL
VOLUME (CY)
13,948,700
NOTES:
(1) Information on yearly tonnage and totals for 1994-1999 were obtained from the CRSWMA Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, June 30, 2001
Information on yearly tonnage and totals for 2000-2015 were obtained from the CRSWMA Landfill scalehouse records.
After 2015, tonnages are projected based on a 2.00% growth rate over life of Phase 3
5.00% growth rate over life of Phase 4-6
* Authority was operational nine months during 1993-1994 fiscal year, assumed 230 working days.
(2) Averages are based on a 5.5 day per week work week, 2 holidays, no Sundays, or 285 days per year.
(3) MSW/C&D ratio through 2015 is based on scalehouse records, thereafter it is assumed to be 2.0
(4) Volume consumption based on an assumed in place density of 1,295 lbs/cy over the life of Phase 1-2
1,000 lb/cy over the life of Phase 3-6
ANNUAL CUMULATIVE
Section III - Facility Plan
CRSWMA - Tuscarora LF Permit Renewal
Craven County, North Carolina
Joyce Engineering, Inc.
November 2015
Table 2: Projected Soil Requirements
CONSTRUCTION CLOSURE CUMULATIVE
YEAR WASTE
TONS
WASTE
CY(1)
VOL. RATIO
WASTE/SOIL
SOIL REQD.
CY
SOIL REQD.
CY(2)
SOIL REQD.
CY(3)
SOIL REQD.
CY
2016 193,002 386,003 26.0 14,846 14,846
2017 196,862 393,724 26.0 15,143 15,143
2018 200,799 401,598 26.0 15,446 15,446
2019 210,839 421,678 26.0 16,218 410,323 426,541
2020 221,381 442,762 26.0 17,029 17,029
2021 232,450 464,900 26.0 17,881 57,112 74,993
2022 244,072 488,145 26.0 18,775 18,775
2023 256,276 512,552 26.0 19,714 19,714
2024 269,090 538,180 26.0 20,699 20,699
2025 282,544 565,089 26.0 21,734 21,734
2026 296,672 593,343 26.0 22,821 51,256 74,076
2027 311,505 623,010 26.0 23,962 23,962
2028 327,080 654,161 26.0 25,160 25,160
2029 343,434 686,869 26.0 26,418 106,044 132,462
2030 360,606 721,212 26.0 27,739 27,739
2031 78,844 78,844
1,007,164
NOTES:
(1) Volume consumption based on an assumed in place density of 1000 lbs/cy, or 0.5 tons/cy.
Waste to soil ratio 26 based on 13 foot lift of waste covered by 6 inch layer of soil.
(2) Volume of soil required for construction is based on grading plans and calculated using AutoCAD
(3) Volume of soil required for closure based on 3' of cover soil over the following areas:
Phase 3 11.80 acres
Phase 4 10.59 acres
Phase 5 21.91 acres
Phase 6 16.29 acres
DAILY COVER
Phase 3 Partial Closure
Phase 4 Partial Closure
Phase 5 Partial Closure
Phase 6 Partial Closure
Section III - Facility Plan
CRSWMA - Tuscarora LF Permit Renewal
Craven County, North Carolina
Joyce Engineering, Inc.
November 2015
Rev. April 2016

APPENDICES

APPENDIX III-1
Property Deed Information

DRAWINGS

PREPARED FOR:

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LONG-TERM REGIONAL LANDFILL
7400 OLD HIGHWAY 70 WEST
TUSCARORA, NC 28523

PERMIT No. 25-09

TUSCARORA LANDFILL
PERMIT TO OPERATE RENEWAL

VOLUME 2, SECTION VI
OPERATIONS PLAN

NOVEMBER 2009
REVISED MARCH 2012
REVISED DECEMBER 2015
REVISED APRIL 2016

PREPARED BY:

9731-F SOUTHERN PINE BLVD
CHARLOTTE, NC 28273
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
i
VOLUME 2, SECTION VI
OPERATIONS PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 GENERAL ..................................................................................................................... 1
2.0 OPERATIONS DRAWINGS ......................................................................................... 1
2.1 Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................ 1
2.2 Proposed Development ................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Operations ...................................................................................................................... 2
3.0 GENERAL OPERATING CONDITIONS .................................................................... 2
3.1 Hours of Operation ......................................................................................................... 2
3.2 Site Access and Safety ................................................................................................... 3
3.3 Acceptable Waste ........................................................................................................... 3
3.4 Prohibited Waste ............................................................................................................ 4
3.5 Special Wastes ................................................................................................................ 5
3.6 Litter Control .................................................................................................................. 6
3.7 Equipment ...................................................................................................................... 6
3.8 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................... 7
3.9 Dust, Odor, Fire and Vector Control .............................................................................. 7
3.10 Scavenging/Salvaging .................................................................................................... 8
4.0 RANDOM WASTE SCREENING PROGRAM ........................................................... 8
4.1 Authority ........................................................................................................................ 8
4.2 Random Selection ........................................................................................................... 9
4.3 Record Keeping .............................................................................................................. 9
4.4 Training .......................................................................................................................... 9
4.5 Inspection Site ................................................................................................................ 9
4.6 Action Plan ..................................................................................................................... 9
5.0 SUBCELL PROGRESSION AND WASTE PLACEMENT ...................................... 10
5.1 Subcell Progression ...................................................................................................... 10
5.2 Waste Placement and Compaction ............................................................................... 11
5.3 Filling Operations ......................................................................................................... 11
5.4 Daily Cover .................................................................................................................. 11
5.5 Intermediate Cover ....................................................................................................... 12
6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMS.................................................. 12
6.1 Water Quality ............................................................................................................... 12
6.2 Landfill Gas .................................................................................................................. 12
6.2.1 Monitoring Procedure ............................................................................................... 13
6.2.2 Response to Detected Combustible Gases ................................................................ 14
7. EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL REQUIREMENTS .................................. 14
8. RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS .................................................................... 15
9.0 LEACHATE MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................................ 15
9.1 Maintenance of the Leachate Collection System ......................................................... 15
9.2 Leachate Generation Records ....................................................................................... 16
9.3 Leachate Monitoring .................................................................................................... 16
VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
ii
9.4 Leachate Disposal ......................................................................................................... 16
9.5 Contingency Plan for Extreme Conditions ................................................................... 16
10.0 CONTINGENCY PLAN .............................................................................................. 16
10.1 Implementation ............................................................................................................. 17
10.2 Inoperable Periods ........................................................................................................ 17
10.3 Emergency Response Procedures ................................................................................. 17
10.4 Severe Weather Conditions .......................................................................................... 20

APPENDICES

Appendix VI – 1 Random Waste Screening Program Forms
 Form A – Waste Inspection Forms
 US EPA Hazardous Waste Inspection Decision Tree

Appendix VI – 2 Leachate Agreement

Appendix VI – 3 Title V Air Quality Permit

Appendix VI – 4 Type 1 Yard Waste Composting – Operations Manual

DRAWINGS

Drawing No. OP-T Title Sheet
Drawing No. OP-L Legend and General Notes
Drawing No. OP-01 Existing Conditions
Drawing No. OP-02 Site Development Plan
Drawing No. OP-03 Five year Phasing Plan

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
1
1.0 GENERAL

This operations plan describes how the design and construction plans will be implemented
during the life of the facility. The plan consists of drawings and accompanying text that illustrate
existing conditions, cell progression, waste placement and daily operations, leachate
management, special waste management, and environmental monitoring.

The Tuscarora Landfill is owned and operated by CRSWMA. The landfill property is located in
the western portion of Craven County, North Carolina, between Tuscarora and Cove City and is
identified as Solid Waste Facility Permit #25-09. There is one waste disposal unit of 101 acres.
The waste disposal unit consists of two closed areas - the Interim Regional Landfill (IRL - 20.2
acres) and Phase 1 (20.5 acres); Phase 2 (17.2 acres) -temporary closure; the Phase 3 an active
disposal area (19.7 acres); and the Phase 4 expansion (23.4 acres). Phases 5 and 6 are planned as
vertical expansions. Phase 1 received a permit to operate on August 25, 1999 and Phase 2
received a permit to operate on May 8, 2006. Placement of waste in Phase 2 began in February
of 2007. Phase 2 which has reached capacity and was closed during the fall of 2013. Phase 3 was
open for disposal on May 9, 2013. It is currently the active disposal area, and is expected to
reach capacity in spring 2019.

Currently, an average of 700 tons of waste is managed daily at the site, approximately two thirds
of which is municipal solid waste and one third construction and demolition debris. The facility
is open six days per week. Yard wastes and storm debris are collected and composted at the site,
and scrap tires are collected for off-site recycling or disposal. Ancillary structures including a
scalehouse and a maintenance building are also on the site.

2.0 OPERATIONS DRAWINGS

2.1 Existing Conditions

Closed Areas
The closed portions of the landfill which include the IRL (20.2 acres), Phase 1 (20.5 acres), and
Phase 2 (17.2 acres) have an active landfill gas collection system consisting of 59 extraction
wells and a buried HDPE pipe network. The landfill gas is routed to an electricity generating
facility onsite which is owned and operated by INGENCO Wholesale Power, LLC, or a utility
open flare for control. A modulating valve was installed on October 27, 2015 and placed in
commission on October 29, 2015. The valve was installed on the header line after the knock out
pot. This valve will allow both the flare and generator to operate simultaneously and maintain
constant vacuum on the landfill. The Tuscarora Landfill has been issued a Title V Operating
Permit by the Division of Air Quality (Air Permit #09755T01).

Leachate collected from the closed portions of the landfill is pumped into the leachate lagoons
west of the landfill.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
2
Active Area
Waste filling is currently under way in Phase 3, a 19.7 acre area adjoining Phase 2 to the north.
Truck access to Phase 3 is provided by a road up the south side of the IRL and across the east
side of Phase 1 and Phase 2. Perimeter road around the landfill allows personnel access to
maintain and operate the facility.

The Phase 3 base grades slope from south to north, with two sumps located at the north side of
the cell to collect leachate. Leachate is pumped through a 4” dual contained HDPE forcemain
into the leachate lagoons.

Other On-site Facilities
Other on-site development consists of a scale house and office, maintenance garage, a yard
waste/storm debris composting facility, tire collection, inert debris disposal, and a public
convenience center area. See Drawing OP-1 for an illustration of existing conditions at the site.

2.2 Proposed Development

Three additional phases (Phases 4, 5 and 6) of development for municipal solid waste disposal
are proposed. The proposed development is located in areas that have previously been designated
as suitable for landfill development. Development of the Phase 4 will complete the footprint with
an expansion to the south of Phase 3 and east of Phase 2. The final two phases will be vertical
expansions. Development in accordance with the phasing plan will allow portions of the landfill
side slopes to be closed at various times during its projected operating life.

The on-site soil resources, usage, and balances are shown by phase in the Facility Plan. The
deficit of soil during the operation of Phase 3 can be satisfied by borrowing soil from on-site
borrow areas or from off-site locations such as the Martin Marietta quarry. Overall, based on
conceptual design volumes, there is an estimated soil requirement over the life of the facility of
approximately 1,098,240 cubic yards.

2.3 Operations

The progression of operations is presented on Drawing No. OP-03. This drawing includes the
progression of initial waste placement, transition contours and final contours.

3.0 GENERAL OPERATING CONDITIONS

3.1 Hours of Operation

The landfill is open to private waste haulers and the public from 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday
through Friday, and on Saturday from 7:30 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Three holidays are observed;
Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s Day.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
3
3.2 Site Access and Safety

Access to the landfill is controlled through a single access road with a secure gate to prevent
access when the landfill is not open. Other access roads located around the perimeter of the
landfill are used for logging purposes with any entry points into the landfill being gated. A sign
containing information required in Rule .1626(6)(e) (i.e., dumping procedures, hours, permit
number, etc.) is posted at the landfill entrance. During operating hours, traffic is routed from the
entrance gate and scale house to a paved and gravel road leading to the disposal area.
Directional signs and speed limit signs are posted to provide traffic control. The road is
maintained so that it is passable during all weather conditions. An attendant is on duty at the
scale house at all times during operating hours.

3.3 Acceptable Waste

The landfill will accept only those solid wastes included in the current permit, including
household, commercial and industrial solid wastes. These are defined in Rules .0532 and .1602
as follows:

 Household waste means any solid waste derived from households including single and
multiple residences, hotels and motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters,
campgrounds, picnic grounds, and day-use recreation areas.

 Commercial solid waste means all types of solid waste generated by stores, offices,
restaurants, warehouses, and other non-manufacturing activities, excluding residential and
industrial wastes.

 Industrial solid waste means solid waste generated by manufacturing or industrial processes
that is not a hazardous waste regulated under Subtitle C of RCRA. Such waste may include,
but is not limited to, waste resulting from the following manufacturing processes: electric
power generation; fertilizer/agricultural chemicals; food and related products/by-products;
inorganic chemicals; iron and steel manufacturing; leather and leather products; nonferrous
metals manufacturing/ foundries; organic chemicals; plastics and resins manufacturing; pulp
and paper industry; rubber and miscellaneous plastic products; stone, glass, clay, and
concrete products; textile manufacturing; transportation equipment; and water treatment.
This term does not include mining waste or oil and gas waste.

 Construction and Demolition Debris Waste means solid waste generated solely from the
construction, remodeling, repair, or demolition operations on pavement and building
structures.

 Land Clearing and Inert Debris means solid waste created during land clearing including
untreated wood, yard trash, uncontaminated soils and rock.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
4
On or before August 1 of each year, CRSWMA will report to the Solid Waste Section the
amount of waste received in tons at this facility and disposed in the landfill units. Data will be
transmitted on forms prescribed by the Section. The report will include the following:

 The reporting period shall be for the previous year beginning July 1 and ending on June 30.
 The amount of waste received and landfilled in tons, compiled on a monthly basis by county
or transfer station of origin and by specific waste type if diverted to a specific unit within the
permitted facility; and
 The completed report shall be forwarded to the Regional Waste Management Specialist for
the facility. A copy of the completed report shall be forwarded to the County Manager of
each county from which waste was received.

3.4 Prohibited Waste

A sign is posted at the landfill gate (see Section 2.2 above) that reads "No hazardous or liquid
waste accepted without written permission from the Division of Solid Waste Management". The
landfill will not accept:

 Hazardous waste as defined within 15A NCAC 13A, including hazardous waste from
conditionally exempt small quantity generators;

 Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) wastes as defined in 40 CFR 761;

 Liquid wastes Rule .1626(9) (i.e., any waste material that is determined to contain "free
liquids" as defined by SW-846 Method 9095 (Paint Filter Liquids Test), unless the waste is
household waste other than septic waste or waste oil, or leachate or gas condensate derived
from the landfill; and

 Barrels and drums unless they are empty and sufficiently perforated to ensure that no liquid
or hazardous waste is contained therein, except fiber drums containing asbestos;

 Motor vehicle oil filters;

 Recyclable rigid plastic bottles;

 Wooden pallets;

 Discarded computer equipment and televisions (effective July 1, 2011);

 Other wastes specifically banned from landfill disposal by rule or statute, such as lead acid
batteries.

CRSWMA will notify the Division within 24 hours of attempted disposal of any waste the
landfill is not permitted to receive, including waste from outside the area the landfill is permitted
to serve. The waste-screening program is described later in this Operation Plan.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
5

3.5 Special Wastes

The landfill handles the following "special wastes" as described below.

Scrap Tires
The scrap tires are collected in a dedicated area and stored on-site where they can be loaded
directly into trailers for off-site processing. Contracts with tire processors may vary from year to
year. The current processor is Central Carolina Tire Disposal, 1616 McKoy Town Road,
Cameron, North Carolina 28326. Tire collection must comply with the Rule .1107, Scrap Tire
Collection Site Operational Requirements.

Yard Waste/Storm Debris
Yard waste and storm debris are accepted at this facility, but are not disposed of in the landfill.
This waste stream is processed in the composting area (Permit #25-11), where it is chipped,
shredded, and placed in windrows for composting. The operations manual for the Type 1 yard
waste composting permit (Permit #25-11) is attached in Appendix VI – 4. The final product is
sold to the public.

Animal Carcasses
Animal carcasses, slaughterhouse or hatchery waste, or other animal waste received will be
immediately buried and covered with a layer of soil, followed by non-putrescible municipal solid
waste.

Asbestos
Asbestos waste received shall be managed in accordance with 40 CFR 61. The waste will be
covered immediately with soil in a manner that will not cause airborne conditions and must be
disposed of separate and apart from other solid wastes, either at the bottom of the working face,
or in an area not contiguous with other disposal areas.

Sludge
Wastewater treatment sludges may be accepted for disposal if the waste is utilized as a soil
conditioner and incorporated or applied onto the vegetative growth layer, but in no greater than
six inches in depth, or (ii) if the facility meets all design requirements contained within Rule
.1624, and approved within the permit, or has been previously approved as a permit condition.

Oyster Shells
Oyster shells are collected at the public convenience center and recycled.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
6
Wood Pallets
Pallets are shredded and used as road bed material as necessary on the landfill working face.
CRSWMA occasionally supplies woodchips from pallets to a nearby energy plant as an
alternative fuel source.

White Goods
A collection container for White Goods is located at the public convenience center. White goods
are the responsibility of Craven County. The white goods collection container is removed and replaced
by the County as needed. Chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant removal is not the responsibility of the
Authority. No Chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant is removed at the facility.

3.6 Litter Control

Prompt compaction of waste at the working face is the primary method used to control blowing
litter. Also, temporary fences are provided to contain windblown material during operations. In
addition, landfill personnel pick up windblown litter at the conclusion of each day of operation
and as needed along the access road and in locations around the active disposal area. The facility
purchased a trailer mounted vacuum unit in 2002 to facilitate pick-up of windblown litter.

3.7 Equipment

The following list of equipment is currently in use at the landfill.

Type Status Quantity
Compactor Active 2
Compactor Reserve 2
Dozer Active 1
Dozer Reserve 1
Excavator Active 2
Off-road Dump Truck Active 1
Loader Active 2
Motor Grader Active 1
Tractor Active 1
Water Truck Active 1
Vacuum Active 1
Fuel Truck Active 1

As the waste stream changes during the operational life of the facility, equipment needs will be
periodically reviewed and additional equipment purchased or leased as needed. New equipment
will be phased in as older equipment is retired.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
7
3.8 Air Quality

Open burning of solid waste including yard waste and brush is prohibited at the landfill. Burning
of brush and/or stumps would only be requested on an infrequent basis in conjunction with
clearing or construction events, if at all. Open burning will not be done without prior approval
from Division of Air Quality and local fire department and will be subject to subject to the
requirements of Rule .1626(5)(b).

The facility operates an active landfill gas collection and control system. Operations of the
landfill gas collection and control system is regulated by the Division of Air Quality (DAQ).
The Tuscarora Landfill operates under Air Permit #09755T01, which is included as Appendix
VI-3.

3.9 Dust, Odor, Fire and Vector Control

Dusty road surfaces will be sprayed with water or leachate from the existing on-site leachate
storage lagoons from a water truck during windy, dry weather. The working face of the landfill
may also be sprayed with leachate from the existing on-site leachate storage lagoons via a water
truck during windy, dry weather. Odors and disease vectors will be controlled by promptly
covering the waste at the working face, and by the use of daily cover. Daily cover is described in
more detail in a Section 5.4 of this Plan.

The following Operational Conditions shall be implemented to use leachate from the existing
leachate storage lagoon as dust control:

 Using leachate for dust control is not an approved approach to dispose of leachate required
by the Rule .0162(12)(d);
 The leachate to be used for dust control must come from the existing on-site leachate storage
lagoons, not imported from other sources including off-site areas;
 Within the waste disposal areas the leachate can only be sprayed on working face which is
100 feet away from the edge of the waste footprints and/or haul roads which are 150 feet
away from the edge of the waste footprints;
 The leachate may be transported by a water truck, must be sprayed by a control manner that
will not cause a nuisance to the environment and airborne emission of pollutants, and must
not be applied near people, animals, equipment, or vehicles;
 Odors and disease vectors becoming concerns resulting from spraying leachate must be
controlled by promptly covering the waste at the working face by using daily cover;
 The amount of leachate to be sprayed on the working face and road surface must be properly
designed and managed so that the following conditions shall not be observed:
a) Muddy and rutting surface conditions.
b) Runoff or sheet flow on the surfaces.
c) Seepage on the side slopes.
 No leachate shall be applied on less than one lift (10 feet) of wastes and be sprayed on
working face and haul road when it is raining and the weather condition is not favorable to
the practice such as strong windy condition;

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
8
 Leachate will be sprayed on working face or haul road during daylight hours only; and
 Records will be kept, including:
a) Daily/weekly record of leachate generated and used for dust control.
b) Weather conditions and other pertinent daily information when the leachate is used as
dust suppressant.

Incoming waste loads shall be observed by site operators for evidence of fire, such as flames,
smoke, or the odor of burning material. Burning loads will be extinguished before dumping if
possible. If there is evidence of fire in the landfill itself, the CRSWMA Director will be notified
immediately. If possible, the waste will be removed or segregated from other waste in the
disposal area. The landfill operator will evaluate the situation to determine whether the fire can
be extinguished using fire extinguishers or equipment present at the site, or if off-site equipment
will be needed. If necessary, the local fire department will be called to render assistance in
extinguishing the fire. The Division of Waste Management Rule .1626(5)(d) requires that the
fires that occur at the landfill will be reported verbally to the Division within 24 hours and in
writing within 15 days.

Fire extinguishers shall be located on each piece of equipment on site (Rule. 1626(5)(c)).
Equipment operators shall be trained in the use of these extinguishers. Fire extinguishers will be
used for small, localized fires. A stockpile of soil shall be maintained near the working face to
be used for extinguishing small surface fires that may be too large to control with the fire
extinguishers carried on the landfill equipment.

Emergency equipment will be called in the case of fires too large to be extinguished with fire
extinguishers or soil as described above. Water contained in the sedimentation ponds can be
used in an emergency to aid local firefighters in extinguishing large fires.

Owners and operators of municipal solid waste landfills must prevent and control on-site
populations of disease vectors such as rodents, insects, or other animals capable of transmitting
disease to humans (Rule .1626(3)).

3.10 Scavenging/Salvaging

The unauthorized removal of waste and scavenging at the landfill is prohibited. The general
public is not allowed to scavenge items from the working face. Landfill personnel may remove
recyclable salvageable materials and process them.

4.0 RANDOM WASTE SCREENING PROGRAM

4.1 Authority

CRSWMA has developed this "Random Waste Screening Program" in accordance with North
Carolina's Solid Waste Management Regulations, Rule .1626(1)(f). Key elements of Rule
.1626(1)(f) addressing waste screening are as follows:

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
9
No hazardous or liquid wastes as defined in 15A NCAC 13A, or materials shall be accepted at
the landfill, except as specifically authorized by the facility permit or by the Division. The
owner or operator shall implement an inspection program to detect and prevent disposal of
hazardous and liquid wastes and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). This program shall include, at
a minimum:

 Random inspections of incoming loads unless the owner or operator takes other steps to
ensure that incoming loads do not contain regulated hazardous or liquid wastes or PCB
wastes;
 Records of any inspections;
 Training of facility personnel to recognize regulated hazardous waste, liquid waste, and PCB
wastes; and
 Development of a contingency plan to properly manage any identified hazardous and/or
liquid wastes.

4.2 Random Selection

Random selection of vehicles to be inspected will be conducted on a regular basis. The selection
may be at least one vehicle per week, but not less than one percent by weight of the waste stream
based on the previous week’s total. The personnel conducting the inspection will randomly select
the load at the working face. A random truck and time will be selected (e.g., the tenth load after
10:00 a.m.) on the day of inspections.

4.3 Record Keeping

Report forms for record-keeping purposes are included in Appendix VI-1. These forms are
completed at each inspection. All reports and resulting correspondence are maintained at the
CRSWMA Landfill office for the life of the landfill and during the post-closure period.

4.4 Training

The Landfill Operations Manager and/or staff from the Department of Solid Waste who are
trained to identify and manage MSW waste and hazardous and liquid waste will supervise
inspections. Landfill operators, recycling attendants, and landfill clerks responsible for screening
waste will be properly trained to identify hazardous and liquid waste.

4.5 Inspection Site

Inspections will be conducted in a designated area near the working face of the landfill.

4.6 Action Plan

The following action plan details the procedure for conducting random waste inspections.

1) Dump single load in prepared area. Detain truck and driver until inspection is completed.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
10

2) Spread waste with compactor and/or hand tools as appropriate. Hand rake loads that
include large closed containers to avoid possible rupturing of the containers. Have appropriate
safety equipment present. Minimum safety equipment will include:

 Rubber gloves;
 Rubber boots;
 Safety glasses; and
 Long handled hoe.

3) Examine waste for excluded waste and/or safety hazards:

 Containers labeled hazardous;
 Excessive or unusual moisture;
 Regulated biomedical (red bag) waste;
 Powders, dusts, smoke, vapors, or chemical odors;
 Sludges, pastes, slurries, or bright colors (such as dyes); and
 Unauthorized out-of-area waste.

4) Take appropriate action(s) as follows:

 Incorporate acceptable waste into working face.
 Hold suspect waste for identification by on-site personnel and, if necessary, confirmation
by others such as a contract laboratory, hazardous waste management firm, or state
and/or federal regulator.
 Interview driver and hauler to identify the source of suspect waste in the load.
 Hold rejected hazardous or liquid waste for generator.
 Arrange for hazardous or liquid waste collection by licensed collector.

5) Document Actions:

 Record Inspection.
 Retain Reports.
 Report hazardous, liquid, or PCB wastes to Solid Waste Section – NC DEQ.

5.0 SUBCELL PROGRESSION AND WASTE PLACEMENT

5.1 Subcell Progression

The method of filling shall be the area method in accordance with the filling sequence shown on
Drawing OP-3.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
11
Uncontaminated stormwater can be collected and removed along the southern portion of the
Phase 4 which will be separated from the nothern portion by a berm. Stormwater will be pumped
from the collection area into the stormwater channels that conveys flow into a sediment basin.

5.2 Waste Placement and Compaction

The waste will be tipped in the active subcell as closely as possible to the working face, then
pushed to the desired area. The daily working face will be maintained so as to provide space for
several trucks to unload at the same time. The width of the working face will vary depending on
the rate of waste acceptance on a given day, weather conditions and other factors, but will be
maintained as small as practicable. The waste will be compacted as described below with the
compactor (see equipment list earlier in this report).

To minimize the chance of damage to the liner in any new subcell, the initial lift of waste will be
at least 5 feet thick, and will consist of mostly residential, non-bulky waste. Compaction will be
minimal because later lifts will surcharge the initial lift so that there is no net loss of density.
Typical compaction procedures on lifts above the initial one will involve placement of waste in
thin layers (1-2 feet thick) as flat as is practical. The compactor will roll across and slightly past
the waste (to prevent wind-blown material leaving from the edge of the lift) a minimum of three
times. Waste density calculation will be reviewed periodically, and operational procedures may
be revised to improve the efficiency of the site.

5.3 Filling Operations

Each lift of waste shall be approximately 13 feet thick, which will be covered weekly with six-
inch layer of soil. The waste to soil volume ratio is approximately 26:1. Daily cover is discussed
below.

5.4 Daily Cover

At the end of each day's operation, compacted waste in the subcell shall be covered with either a
minimum six inches of soil, or an approved alternative daily cover (ADC) as required in Rule
.1626(2)(b). When soil is used, at least two passes of heavy equipment will be made over the
area to provide adequate soil compaction. Waste may be covered more frequently than once per
day if necessary to control fires, odors, or blowing litter.

As an alternate daily cover to soil, an Enviro™ Cover System (or equivalent) manufactured by
EPI Environmental Technologies, Inc. (EPI) may be used to cover waste for up to one week. At
least once per week, soil will be used as daily cover as prescribed in the facility’s permit to
operate. Following a trial period, CRSWMA was granted permission by the Solid Waste
Section to use a degradable plastic film as an approved alternate daily cover in October 2000.
The 2-mil film will be deployed by 16 foot wide rolls from an applicator attached to the dozer
blade. The applicator, manufactured by In-Line Plastics, Inc. (the predecessor to EPI), also
includes a hopper from which sand is dropped as ballast to hold the film in-place. In periods of
high wind, more sand will be used as ballast, and in the occurrence of storm events, soil cover is

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
12
used. The film is deployed down the slope of the working face, with a 2 foot overlap on each
side.

The following conditions apply to the use of alternate daily cover:

 The alternative daily cover, an Enviro™ Cover System (or equivalent), in lieu of a 6-inch soil
material must be used to cover wastes at the end of each day’s operation for up to 5
consecutive days. In the end of the fifth day, a 6-inch soil material must be used as daily
cover; and
 The 6-inch soil material shall be used as daily cover material in the occurrence of inclement
weather conditions (including strong wind and storm events).

5.5 Intermediate Cover

In areas where another lift of waste will not be placed for at least 12 months, an additional 6
inches of soil shall be placed over the daily cover for a total of 12 inches of intermediate cover
(Rule .1626(2)(c)). Provisions for a vegetative ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion in
accordance with Rule .1626(7)(c) shall be carried out within 30 working days or 120 calendar
days following completion of each phase of development.

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMS

6.1 Water Quality

The water quality-monitoring program for groundwater and surface water is described in the
Design Hydrogeological Report in Volume 3 of Phase 3 expansion application.

6.2 Landfill Gas

Active Landfill Gas Collection and Control

Operations of the active landfill gas system are regulated by the Rule .1626 (4). The Tuscarora
Landfill Operates the gas system under Air Quality Permit No. 09755T01 which is provided as
Appendix VI-3 of the Operations Plan.

Monitoring for Explosion Hazards

To protect public health and safety in the vicinity of the landfill, landfill gas produced by the
decomposition of refuse will be controlled and monitored during the operational, closure, and
post- closure periods. The following regulatory levels must be maintained:

 The concentration of methane gas generated is not to exceed 25 percent of the lower
explosive limit (LEL) for methane in on-site structures (excluding gas control or recovery
system components); and

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
13
 The concentration of methane gas is not to exceed the LEL for methane at the facility
property boundary.

Gas monitoring will be conducted during the active life of the landfill and throughout the closure
and post-closure periods to ensure compliance with the regulatory limits. At a minimum,
quarterly monitoring of explosive gases will be conducted in on-site structures. Currently these
structures include the scalehouse, a maintenance building, an office, and storage shed. If
additional structures are built, the monitoring program will be expanded to include the new
structures.

The Tuscarora Landfill does not have the potential for subsurface methane migration since the
base grades of the landfill are elevated above the existing ground in order to achieve the required
separation from groundwater. Therefore, the waste and the generation of landfill gas is occurring
above-ground and any lateral migration from the landfill would release the gas to the atmosphere
within the landfill property boundary. Additionally, the water table, which is near ground
surface, and the ditches around the landfill hold water year around, serve as a barrier to
subsurface migration. However, quarterly landfill gas monitoring will include probes GP-6, GP
7 and GP-8 for continued monitoring of the IRL and Phase 1 of the Tuscarora Landfill for
potential subsurface migration. Landfill gas monitoring probes GP-2, GP-3, GP-4 and GP-5 will
no longer be monitored for landfill gas migration. GP-8 has replaced GP-2 and GP-3 as a more
acceptable location for monitoring at the property boundary southwest of the IRL. GP-4 and GP
5 are located to the south of the IRL, centrally located away from the property boundary, and no
longer satisfy the requirements of monitoring for landfill gas migration toward the property
boundary. Finally, fifteen bar-hole probes (hand-driven hole approximately 0.5-inch by 2.5 to 4-
feet deep) surrounding the parameter of Phases 2, 3 and 4 are monitored quarterly.

6.2.1 Monitoring Procedure

Record Keeping: The operator will record the date, time, location, sampling personnel,
atmospheric temperature, reported barometric pressure, and general weather conditions at the
time of sampling, in addition to the concentration of combustible gases. The records will be
maintained in the landfill operating record.

On-site Structures: Gas monitoring in on-site structures will attempt to identify the "worst case"
concentrations. Monitoring will be conducted at the earliest possible time after the structure has
been unused (e.g., a morning after a weekend or holiday). The monitoring locations will be in
corners along floors and ceilings, at cracks in the floor, and at other areas likely to accumulate
gas. Gas monitoring will also be conducted in any confined space requiring the entry of
personnel for maintenance or inspection. The monitoring will take place prior to entry by
personnel in accordance with OSHA regulations.

Equipment: A portable combustible gas monitor, measuring the concentration of combustible
gases in units of percent of lower explosive limit, shall be used to conduct gas monitoring.
Lower explosive limit (LEL) means the lowest percent by volume of a mixture of combustible
gas in air that will propagate a flame at 25 degrees Celsius and atmospheric pressure. The gas

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
14
monitor shall be calibrated to methane using the manufacturer's calibration kit and procedure
before the monitoring activities begin.

6.2.2 Response to Detected Combustible Gases

The regulatory (Rule .1626(4)) action levels for combustible gas monitoring in gas detection
probes are 100% LEL at the facility boundary and 25% LEL in on-site structures. Readings
exceeding the regulatory action levels shall be reported immediately. The Authority will notify
the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NC DEQ), formerly known as North
Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Solid Waste Section in writing and
will take immediate steps to ensure safety and protection of human health.

At a minimum, the following actions will be taken if the methane concentration exceeds 25% in
any structure:

 Put out all smoking materials and turn off all ignition sources;
 Evacuate all personnel;
 Vent the structure;
 Do not allow personnel to reenter the building except to perform gas monitoring until the
results of additional monitoring indicate that methane concentrations are sustained or
stabilized below 25% LEL;
 Begin continuous monitoring within the structure; and
 Undertake an assessment to determine the origin and pathways of the gas migration.

Within seven days of detection (Rule .1626(4)(c)(ii)), the monitoring results will be placed in the
Operating Record and the Authority will indicate actions taken and actions proposed to resolve
the problem. Within 60 days of detection (iii), the Authority will develop and implement a
landfill gas remediation plan for the combustible gas releases and notify the Division that the
plan has been implemented. The plan will describe the nature and extent of the problem and the
proposed remedy.

The Operator will also use monitoring action levels of 15% LEL in structures. If the monitoring
action level is exceeded in structures, options will be evaluated to permanently reduce the current
levels and to prevent a further increase in gas levels in the structures.

7. EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

Erosion and sediment control features have been designed in accordance with all applicable
requirements, as will all future structures. As required, the facility will be operated in a manner
which will not cause a discharge of pollutants into waters of the United States, including
wetlands, that violates any requirements of the Clean Water Act, including, but not limited to,
the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements, pursuant to
Section 402. The facility will not cause the discharge of a nonpoint source of pollution to waters
of the United States, including wetlands, that violates any requirement of an area-wide or State-

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
15
wide water quality management plan that has been approved under Section 208 or 319 of the
Clean Water Act, as amended.

Surface water shall be diverted from the operational area and shall not be impounded over or in
waste. Drainage structures and embankment slopes are regularly inspected for erosion, and
maintained as needed. The vegetation on the slopes is mowed at least once a year. These slopes
are maintained with reseeding, fertilizer, and other means, as necessary, to promote a healthy
stand of vegetation.

8. RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS

The following records will be maintained in the Operating Record at the landfill office and made
available to the Division upon request:
 The operating permit and pertinent correspondence;  Operation Plan;  Emergency Response Plan;  Inspection records, waste determination records, and training procedures for waste
screening programs;  Amounts by weight of solid waste received at the facility, including the source of generation;  Gas monitoring plan, monitoring results and any remediation plans developed in
accordance with Division requirements if required as a response to elevated gas concentrations;  Water Quality Monitoring Plan and any demonstration, certification, finding, monitoring,
testing, or analytical data required by the water quality monitoring program at the site;  Required cost estimates and financial assurance documentation;  Closure and Post-Closure Plans;  Leachate generation and disposal quantities (including the amount used as dust suppressant); and
 Safety training records.

9.0 LEACHATE MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 Maintenance of the Leachate Collection System

The operator will conduct weekly visual inspections of the leachate collection and storage
system and perform maintenance as required. Leachate levels in the storage lagoons will be
monitored at least weekly and after storm events to assess the need for leachate removal and
hauling. Cleanouts are provided to allow access to the leachate collection system. Water under
pressure has been and will continue to be introduced through these cleanouts periodically as
preventive maintenance of the piping system. Mechanical equipment or chemical cleaning agents
may also be used to mitigate clogging. Maintenance needs will be re-evaluated if there is an
unexpected decrease or increase in leachate production rates.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
16
9.2 Leachate Generation Records

CRSWMA maintains records of leachate hauled from the leachate pond at the landfill to the
wastewater treatment plant. Records will be maintained at the landfill throughout the operating
life and during the post-closure care period. In addition to leachate generation quantities, the
Landfill maintains analytical data from leachate sampling events.

9.3 Leachate Monitoring

Leachate sampling point is a manhole on the east side of Phase 1, located near the northwest
corner of the closed Craven County landfill. The sampling location is shown on Drawing OP-01.
The chemical composition of untreated leachate generated will be analyzed, at a minimum, semi-
annually, concurrent with water quality sampling. The leachate will be analyzed for the
Detection Monitoring constituents (EPA Appendix I list from Subtitle D) as well as pH, specific
conductance, BOD, COD, phosphate, nitrate and sulfate. Test results will be submitted to the
Solid Waste Section.

9.4 Leachate Disposal

Leachate will continue to be collected on site and stored in the existing on-site leachate storage
lagoons. At this time, the lagoons’ leachate levels are lowered periodically for transport by
tanker truck to the City of New Bern Wastewater Treatment Facility. An agreement to pump
leachate through a sewer pipe to the City of New Bern Wastewater Treatment Facility will be in
effect by summer 2016. As the sewer line is completed, record drawings will be provided to the
Solid Waste Section as they come available at the completion of the project. This newest
agreement was put in place for the force-main project. Under this agreement, the lagoons’
leachate levels will be controlled by pumping it through the constructed sewer pipe to the City of
New Bern Wastewater Treatment Facility. A copy of the new leachate agreement is provided in
Appendix VI-2 of the Operations Plan. Appendix VI-2 also includes copies of the current and
past approval documentation from the receiving plant.

9.5 Contingency Plan for Extreme Conditions

If required, due to extreme conditions, additional hauling capacity will be obtained from
subcontract haulers or by the rental of additional tanker trucks. If for some reason the receiving
facility no longer accepts the leachate, it will be pre-treated to facilitate acceptance, or hauled to
another POTW or commercial pretreatment facility.

10.0 CONTINGENCY PLAN

This section details the Contingency Plan for the CRSWMA Landfill. This plan has been
developed to protect human health and the environment from fires, explosions, or any unplanned
sudden or non-sudden release of hazardous waste to the air, soil, or surface water.

The Landfill Manager and serves as the Primary Emergency Coordinator (PEC). He can be
reached at the following numbers:

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
17
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]

Depending on the type of emergency, all or some of the following agencies will be notified as
soon as possible:
Emergency Preparedness Agency 911
Fire Department 911
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) 911

10.1 Implementation

If an emergency situation develops at the facility, the person discovering the emergency should
contact the emergency coordinator immediately. The decision to implement the Contingency
Plan depends upon whether or not a situation exists which presents a threat to human health or
the environment. The Contingency Plan should be implemented due to any of the following
situations:
Personnel Injury
Fire
Explosion
Spills
Potential Hazardous Waste

10.2 Inoperable Periods

In the event of equipment breakdown, adequate backup equipment will be available onsite to
maintain operations, or replacement equipment will be brought onsite within 24 hours. Routine
preventative maintenance will be performed on equipment, including: routine inspections,
following manufacturer’s recommendations, and keeping accurate maintenance records.

The landfill will maintain a soil stockpile onsite to be used to repair and maintain roads to ensure
that all-weather access is maintained.

10.3 Emergency Response Procedures

Landfill personnel will be properly trained to respond to emergencies, as described in this
section. In the event of an imminent or actual emergency situation, the following responses will
be implemented, as applicable.
Accident/Injury Response

In the event of an accident or injury, the following procedure will be observed:

1) Notify the PEC immediately;
2) Take action to prevent further injury/damage to personnel or property;
3) Provide emergency first aid;

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
18
4) If the injury is deemed serious, obtain additional medical assistance by notifying EMS. If
medical attention is required but ambulance service is not needed, the injured party should
be transported to a nearby medical facility; and
5) The PEC will investigate the accident to gather the facts and determines the causes of the
accident.

Fire in the Waste

In the event of fire in the waste, the following procedure will be observed:

1) Notify the PEC immediately;
2) If the fire is deemed manageable, the fire will be extinguished by covering the burning
waste with soil;
3) If the fire is deemed unmanageable, the area will be evacuated and the fire department
notified; and
4) Incoming solid waste haulers will not be allowed entrance to the landfill until the fire is
extinguished.

Fire in the Tire Storage Area

In the event of fire in the tire storage area, the following procedure will be observed:

1) Notify the PEC immediately;
2) If the fire is deemed manageable, the fire will be extinguished by covering the burning
waste with soil;
3) Liquid runoff from fire shall be captured within property boundaries;
4) If the fire is deemed unmanageable, the area will be evacuated and the fire department
notified; and
5) Incoming solid waste haulers will not be allowed entrance to the landfill until the fire is
extinguished.

Equipment Fire

In the event of an equipment fire, the following procedure will be observed:

1) The equipment will be evacuated as quickly and safely as possible;
2) Notify the PEC immediately;
3) If there are injured personnel, implement the procedures discussed in the Accident/Injury
Response section;
4) If the fire is deemed manageable, the fire will be extinguished;
5) If the fire is deemed unmanageable, the area will be evacuated and the fire department
notified;
6) Incoming solid waste haulers will not be allowed entrance to the landfill until the fire is
extinguished; and

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
19
7) The PEC will investigate the incident to gather the facts and determine suspected causes
of the fire.

Explosions

In the event of an explosion, the following procedure will be observed:

1) Evacuate the area;
2) Notify the PEC immediately;
3) If there are injured personnel, implement the procedures discussed the Accident/Injury
Response section;
4) If there is a resulting fire, implementation of the procedures discussed in the Fire in the
Waste or Equipment Fire sections;
5) The PEC will investigate the incident to gather the facts and determine suspected causes
of the explosion.

Hazardous and Infectious Waste in Landfill

No hazardous or infectious wastes will be accepted at the site. Vehicles are inspected as stated in
Section 4 – Waste Screening Program.

Explosive Gas Detection

In the event that methane gas levels exceed the limits described in section 6.2 – Landfill Gas, the
following procedure will be observed:

1) Evacuation of the area
2) Notification to the local Fire Marshal
3) Notification to the PEC immediately
4) Venting the structure
5) Intercepting the gas before it reaches the building
6) Notify the County Emergency Preparedness Agency
7) Prepare and implement a remediation plan for methane gas exceedances within 60 days

Spills or Release

In the event of a spill or release, the following procedure will be observed:

1) Notify the PEC immediately;
2) Immediate action will be taken to control/limit the spread of the spill or release;
3) County Emergency Preparedness Agency will be notified;
4) Perform appropriate cleanup procedures; and
5) The PEC will investigate the incident to gather the facts and causes of the spill or release.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
20
Evacuation Plan

The PEC is responsible for determining whether or not an emergency situation warrants
evacuation of the facility. If conditions warrant, the following actions will be taken:

1) The PEC gives the evacuation alarm;
2) All personnel (visitors, contractors, and employees) will be assembled at the main gate;
3) Only qualified personnel may reenter the affected area after approval by the emergency
coordinator;
4) The PEC will make a tally of all facility employees, visitors, and contractors;
5) The PEC or a designated representative will notify County Emergency Preparedness
Agency; and
6) Reentry to the affected area will be allowed only after the clear signal is given by the PEC.

Report Requirements

The PEC will notify the Division immediately in the event of a fire or other emergency if that
emergency has potential off-site effects.

Within two weeks of any emergency involving a potential off-site impact, the PEC shall submit
to the Division a written report describing the cause(s) of the emergency, actions taken, results of
actions taken, and an analysis of the success or failure of those actions. A copy of the report
shall be placed in the landfill operating record.

10.4 Severe Weather Conditions

Ice Storms

An ice storm can make access to the landfill dangerous, prevent movement or placement of
periodic cover, and thus, may require closure of the landfill until the ice is removed or melted.

Heavy Rains

Exposed soil surfaces can create a muddy situation in some portions of the landfill during rainy
periods. The control of drainage and use of crushed stone on unpaved roads should provide all-
weather access for the site and promote drainage away from critical areas. In areas where the
aggregate surface is washed away or otherwise damaged, new aggregate should be used for
repair.

Intense rains can affect newly constructed drainage structures such as swales, diversions, cover
soils, and vegetation. After such a rain event, inspection by landfill personnel will be initiated
and corrective measures taken to repair any damage found before the next rainfall.

VI - Operations Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. December 2015
Rev. April, 2016
21
Electrical Storms

The open area of a landfill is susceptible to the hazards of an electrical storm. If necessary,
landfilling activities will be temporarily suspended during such an event. To guarantee the
safety of all field personnel, refuge will be taken in the on-site buildings or in rubber-tired
vehicles.

Windy Conditions

The proposed operational sequence minimizes the occurrence of unsheltered operations relative
to prevailing winds. If this is not adequate during a particularly windy period, work will be
temporarily shifted to a more sheltered area. When this is done, the previously exposed face will
be immediately covered with daily cover.

Violent Storms

In the event of hurricane, tornado, or severe winter storm warning issued by the National
Weather Service, landfill operations may be temporarily suspended until the warning is lifted.
Daily cover will be placed on exposed waste and buildings and equipment will be properly
secured.
(End)

APPENDIX VI – 4
TYPE 1 YARD WASTE COMPOSTING – OPERATIONS MANUAL

PREPARED FOR:

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LONG-TERM REGIONAL LANDFILL
7400 OLD HIGHWAY 70 WEST
TUSCARORA, NC 28523

PERMIT No. 25-11

OPERATIONS MANUAL
COMPOSTING FACILITY

TYPE 1 – YARD WASTE COMPOSTING

DECEMBER 2005
REV. JUNE 2010
REV. DECEMBER 2015
REV. APRIL 2016

PREPARED BY:

9731-F SOUTHERN PINE BLVD
CHARLOTTE, NC 28273
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual i Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

Composting Facility Operational Manual
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority Tuscarora Landfills
Craven County, North Carolina

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Location ................................................................................................................................1
1.3 Contact Person .....................................................................................................................1
1.4 Personnel ...............................................................................................................................1
1.5 Hours ....................................................................................................................................2
2.0 TYPE 1 – YARD WASTE COMPOSTING FACILITY ..................................................2
2.1 Waste Quantities..................................................................................................................2
2.2 Design Considerations .........................................................................................................2
2.2.1 Design Capacities and Product Data ........................................................................2
2.2.2 Site Plan ...................................................................................................................3
2.2.3 Process Flow Diagram .............................................................................................3
2.3 Operations ............................................................................................................................4
2.3.1 General Description .................................................................................................4
2.3.2 Waste Acceptance Rule .1406 (6) ........................................................................5
2.3.3 Safety Requirements Rule .1406 (7) ....................................................................5
2.3.4 Nuisance Control Rule .1405(10)(8) ...................................................................6
2.3.5 Monitoring Requirements Rule .1406 (9) ............................................................6
2.3.6 Temperature Parameters Rule .1406 (10) .............................................................7
2.3.7 Addition of Nitrogen Bearing Materials Rule .1406 (13) .......................................7
2.3.8 Contingency Plans Rule .1405 (c) (1) ..................................................................7
2.3.9 Classification/Distribution of MSW Compost Products Rule .1407 .......................8
2.4 Recordkeeping .....................................................................................................................9
2.4.1 Record Keeping Requirements ................................................................................9
2.4.2 Operating Records .................................................................................................10
2.4.3 Annual Reporting Requirements ...........................................................................10
2.5 All Required Permits .........................................................................................................11
2.6 Equipment Specifications .................................................................................................11

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual ii Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

Composting Facility Operation Manual 2015
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority Tuscarora Landfills
Craven County, North Carolina

TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED

Appendices

Appendix 1 Location Map
Appendix 2 Waste and Product Quantity Data
Appendix 3 Site Plan
Appendix 4 Process Flow Diagrams
Appendix 5 Moisture and Temperature Logs
Appendix 6 Operational Tables
Appendix 7 Information on CRSWMA Composting
Appendix 8 Equipment Specifications

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 1 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the following document is to provide the information necessary for the
operations of Permit Number 25-11, Yard Waste Composting Facility. The facility is currently
operated by the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority (CRSWMA). The facility
was last permitted on June 2010 and must be re-permitted every 5 years. The permit number was
changed in 2000 from its original number, No. 25-04, to allow the facility to be regulated
separately from the landfill. The facility is currently permitted compost yard waste (Type 1).

1.2 Location

The facility is located within the property boundaries of the CRSWMA’s Tuscarora site,
immediately adjacent to the now closed Craven County Landfill to the east and to the Tuscarora
Long-Term Regional Landfill to the north. The facility is accessed off of Route 1005,
approximately 2 miles from Tuscarora. A Location Map is included in Appendix 1.

1.3 Contact Person

For actions relative to this permit, the following individual is responsible:
Title: Executive Director
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority
Address for notification: PO Box 128 or 7400 Old Hwy. 70W
Cove City, NC 28523 New Bern, NC 28560
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

For contacts with the state for permit changes the following individual should be contacted:
Title: Compost & Land Application Branch Supervisor
Agency: NC DEQ - Division of Waste Management
Composting & Land Application Branch
Mailing Address: 1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-1646
Physical Address: 217 West Jones Street, Raleigh NC 27603
Phone: [phone]

1.4 Personnel

The facility will be staffed by a compost facility supervisor and one heavy equipment
operators. The facility supervisor will direct traffic, maintain records, and oversee operations.
The heavy equipment operators will operate all equipment and maintain good housekeeping
practices. A scale clerk assists both the landfill and composting operations by maintaining the
weight and billing records.

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 2 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

1.5 Hours of Operation
The compost facility will operate on the same schedule as the landfill. It will be open
Monday - Friday from 7:30AM - 4:30PM and Saturday 7:30AM - 2:00PM.

2.0 TYPE 1 – YARD WASTE COMPOSTING FACILITY

2.1 Waste Quantities

CRSWMA receives yard waste from the following localities: Craven County, Carteret
County, and Pamlico County and this waste consists of brush, leaves, and other land clearing
debris up to 24" in diameter, small stumps are accepted. Appendix 2 summarizes waste data
available for the facility from July 2005 through October 2015. Based on the data reported, the
facility receives on average 652 tons of brush per month with the lowest tonnage (179 tons)
received in April 2012 and the highest tonnage (9,306 tons) received in October 2011. This spike
in tonnage in 2011 was the result of receiving hurricane Irene debris from Craven County.
Winter months tend to be somewhat lower in tonnage as would be expected.

Accurate records of incoming waste should be kept at the scale house. These records
should differentiate between loads of brush (including all land clearing debris), clean wood and
loads of leaves or grass clippings.

2.2 Design Consideration

2.2.1 Design Capacities and Product Data

For evaluating the facility's design, 652 tons per month or 7,824 tons per year were used.
This material is stockpiled until sufficient material is available to produce a windrow. The
material is ground and passed through a 5/8" screen prior to composting. Material that is greater
than 5/8" becomes woodchips and mulch; material that is smaller than 5/8" is windrowed for
compost. The Appendix 2 summarizes all available tonnage data for the facility. Based on this
data, approximately 99% of the yard waste material is turned into compost and mulch products,
and a negligible amount is sold for wood chips.

The following table summarizes the current utilization at the facility for the composting
operation. As a factor of safety, it was assumed that the density of the product remains the same
as the incoming waste stream.

Total waste stream (by weight) 7,824 tons (annual)
Total waste stream for composting (100%) 7,824 tons
Density (assumed average) 500 lb/cy
Composting waste stream (by volume) 31,296 cubic yards
Cross-section windrow 2' (top) x 18'(base) x 7'(ht) 70 square feet
Total length windrow utilized (maximum) 5,000 feet
Windrow: At half in spring and half in fall 2,500 feet

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 3 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

At 225' length 10 windrows used
With 18' base and 10' aisle, total acreage utilized 1.45 acres

The facility was originally designed with a working area for the Type 1 facility of 2.6
acres as illustrated in the Site Plan included in Appendix 3. Sufficient room is available for the
operations. Based on the assumed values above, if the Receiving, Grinding, & Screening Area
were relocated it would enable CRSMWA to reach their maximum design capacity for the
composting facility. Currently over half of the work space is utilized. Doubling the current
acreage used, 1.45 acres, would utilize the designed working area of 2.9 acres. By doing so, the
facility can receive a total waste stream (weight) of 12,494 tons annually, a total waste stream for
composting (100%) and use 20 windrows at the current size of each.

Yard waste generation is cyclical with the seasons; however the data collected to date
indicates that the least amount of material provided in one month was 179 tons. Sufficient
materials will be available to continue the process throughout the year. Materials will be
stockpiled as necessary. High nitrogen content wastes such as grass will not be stockpiled and
will be incorporated into the process within 48 hours of receipt or as soon as possible.

The facility does not use any bulking agent and compost is not recycled through the
process. If the County determines that either of these processes is beneficial, DEQ will be
notified prior to implementation.

Appendix 6 contains a table summarizing product quality. The facility currently has the
North Carolina Division of Agriculture analyze the compost on a periodic basis for various
metals, nutrients, pH, soluble salts, C:N ratio and % solids.

2.2.2 Site Plan

A site plan at 1" = 40' is provided in Appendix 3. A complete set of the Record Drawings for the
facility as original designed and constructed is attached to this narrative. The attached drawing
was developed from the Record Drawing provided to CRSMWA by Joyce Engineering, Inc.
(JEI). The original designer of the facility was Malcolm Pirnie, Inc.

2.2.3 Process Flow Diagram

Appendix 4 contains the updated process flow diagram, which illustrates the complete
operation including the type and size of equipment, feedstock flow streams, recommended
operational parameters, monitoring requirements, and final product requirements. The facility
records all data on the incoming and outgoing materials in tonnage. To provide the volumetric
information, as required by DEQ, the operator should determine a bulk density for brush, leaves,
grass, and final product periodically.

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 4 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

2.3 Operations

2.3.1 General Description

The Type 1 facility has been in operation since 1997. The following discussion on
operations was taken from the original permit with additional detail added as necessary.
Incoming yard waste is weighed and directed to the operational area. The yard waste is
stockpiled until a sufficient quantity is accumulated to form a windrow. On average
approximately 1 windrow could be formed per month. It should be noted that this is a theoretical
maximum as during the operations to date no more than 10 windrows have ever been curing at
one time. The material is run through a Maxi Grinder which can process materials up to 24" or
larger in diameter at a rate of 60 tons/hour. Grinding creates a product with a particle size of
approximately 5/8" for composting after screening. Once ground, the material is formed into
windrows using a front end loader. The windrows are spaced approximately 10 feet apart and
each has a north/south orientation and the following geometry: 7 - 7 1/2 feet high x 18 feet wide
at base x 2 feet wide at top.
Once the windrow is formed, it will be turned several times using a Scarab 18 windrow
turner to mix the materials. The Scarab turner is capable of handling 2,000 tons per hour and is
more than adequate for the facility. If necessary, water will be added as the windrow is
constructed and then periodically during the stabilization process. CRSWMA uses an irrigation
system from the adjacent sediment basins located north of the facility. The pile will be sprayed
as it is turned by the windrow turner on an as needed basis. For optimum composting the
moisture should be maintained between 45% and 60%. Dryer than 45% and the microbial action
is slowed; higher than 60% and the material becomes difficult to handle and difficult to aerate.
Operation records indicate a moisture range of 50% - 65%. A copy of the recommended
moisture log is contained in Appendix 5.
The temperatures are taken at in each quarter of the windrow (4 separate places) or a
minimum of each third (3 separate places). It is suggested that the temperature be controlled by
turning (aerating) to assure that the compostable material is maintained at an optimum range for
decomposition (between 104oF and 113oF) and then allowed to elevate to 131oF where it must
be maintained for a period of 3 consecutive days as required by Rule .1406(10). When the
temperature within the windrow falls below 120 – 130oF during the final stages of composting,
the windrow is turned. Windrow construction and turning frequency will be sufficient to
maintain aerobic conditions to produce a compost product in the desired time frame. Separate
records are kept for each windrow. Once a windrow is constructed, it is assigned an I.D. Number
and folder which are used over the lifespan of the windrow. Every time windrow data is taken, it
is documented and logged in the folder. A log will be kept of all temperature readings, which
includes the location of the probes. A copy of the temperature log is contained in Appendix 5.
Tables have been provided in Appendix 6, to assist in the operations. These tables were
developed by the Compost Council to assist operators with various calculations and parameter
adjustments. The Compost Council's operation manual is incorporated by reference into this
operations manual.

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 5 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

A nitrogen source is sometimes added to the yard waste if needed to promote the compost
process. CRSWMA uses calcium nitrate when necessary. The calcium nitrate is spread by hand
and mechanically mixed. To date, operations have shown that a 225 foot windrow requires
approximately 25 fifty pound bags.
The process from grinding though stabilization was expected to take 24 weeks, however,
existing operations compost in less than 10 weeks. The final time frame is a function of material
density, material type, moisture and operational controls.
Once the windrow begins to cool indicating stabilization, CRSMWA screens the material
and the larger particles are reused in the process or used as woodchips or mulch. By keeping the
coarser materials in the compost, it enables more oxygen to get into the windrows and produces
more compost in the finished product. The compost is now stockpiled. Depending on the end use
requirements, the compost may be screened again prior to stockpiling if a finer screen is
available. The larger particles would be either reused in the process or used as a coarser product.
If the material is free of sharp particles, has no offensive odor, and has minimal
pathogens, it may be used in an unrestricted way. Prior to marketing the material to the public,
the following testing is recommended by the Compost Council but not required by the State:

Maximum particle size
pH
C:N ratio
Total Nitrogen Soluble salts
Metals as suggested by the Department of Agriculture

Once the compost meets the regulatory requirements for distribution to the public, it can
be released for use. As the public obtains the material they must be given the information
indicated in Section 2.3.9 (c).

2.3.2 Waste Acceptance Rule .1406 (6)

The Type 1 compost facility will accept only grass, leaves, brush, yard waste, and land
clearing debris. No municipal solid waste (MSW), hazardous waste, asbestos containing waste or
medical waste shall be accepted at the facility. CRSWMA accepts yard waste in a non- bagged
state or in approved biodegradable bags. Deliveries are monitored at all sites. CRSWMA
anticipates little contamination of the material.

2.3.3 Safety Requirements Rule .1406 (7)

Open burning of solid waste is prohibited. All equipment will be provided with fire
extinguishers. The windrow turner will have a fire suppression system. Periodic safety meetings
will be held to review safety issues at the site. Personal protective equipment should include
steel toe boots, eye and ear protection and dust masks when appropriate. Site personnel will be
trained in facility specific safety issues as well as general safety issues. The local fire department
would be called should a major fire break out. A minimum of 25 foot distance is required
between composting windrows and other structures to allow adequate access of firefighting
equipment in accordance with Rule .1404 (8).

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 6 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

2.3.4 Nuisance Control Rule .1405(10)(B)

Sources of noise will be on-site traffic and the facility equipment such as the front-end
loader, Maxi grinder, trommel screen, and windrow turner. Noise can be controlled by
appropriately operating and maintaining equipment. In addition, the facility is located next to a
landfill operation and is buffered from other properties by distance and trees. Employees should
wear hearing protection.

Vectors are animals, insects or other organisms that carry pathogens from one host to
another like rats, flies, birds and mosquitoes. Vectors will be minimized by good housekeeping
practices. The receiving area will be kept clean, water will not be allowed to accumulate and the
drainage areas will be cleaned periodically. Material will be stored based on a "first in/first out"
basis to prevent long term storage. Turning the windrows will also control vector flies and their
larvae. If necessary, a commercial pest control service will be employed.

Dust will be controlled by good housekeeping practices and by dampening loads on the
tipping floor as necessary. Moisture is necessary to enhance the composting process and will be
monitored. Employees should wear dust masks.

Odors will be minimized by maintaining adequate aeration through turning the windrows.

2.3.5 Monitoring Requirements Rule .1406 (9)
Once the windrow is constructed, the pH, temperature and moisture content should be
measured. It is also suggested that the C:N ratio be determined to evaluate the need for the
addition of a nitrogen source. During the composting process pH, O2 (if equipment available),
moisture, and temperature will be monitored periodically. pH should be kept in the range of 5.5 -
8.5. Outside of this range, the biological process is impeded.

Moisture should be kept in the range of 45% - 60%. Water should be added as required to
stay within this range. Moisture, pH, and O2 should be monitored at a minimum weekly.
Temperature will be monitored daily. To monitor temperature, the probe should be inserted 12"-
24" every 50' along the windrow at a 45° - 90° angle.

At the end of the process and prior to marketing the materials to the public, it is
recommended that the following tests be run:
 pH;  C:N;  Total Nitrogen;  Metals (as suggested by the Department of Agriculture);  Soluble Salts; and  Moisture.

These tests are recommended by the Compost Council but not required by the State.
CRSWMA also utilizes the “Hand Test” Method. The test is performed by taking a hand-full of
compost material representative of the windrow and squeezing it. After you open your hand, if

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 7 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

the material quickly breaks up, then the windrow is too dry. If you can squeeze the material and
water is extracted, then the material is too wet. If squeezed and the material remains cohesive,
then it is good; otherwise, the proper measures should be taken.

To date the NC Department of Agriculture has been running most of these tests for
CRSWMA.

2.3.6 Temperature Parameters Rule .1406 (10)

For Type I facilities, the compost process must be maintained at or above 55°C (131°F)
for 3 consecutive days and aerated to maintain elevated temperatures. Temperature will be
monitored at least twice a week.

2.3.7 Addition of Nitrogen Bearing Materials Rule .1406 (13)

Nitrogen compounds may be added as necessary to adjust the nutrient balance for
optimum product. Only approved waste materials (i.e. grass clippings, leaves) or chemical
compounds may be added. Nitrogen compounds increase odors and if using grass clippings, the
material should be incorporated into the process immediately upon receipt.
To determine if nitrogen is necessary, the carbon to nitrogen ratio should be calculated.
For proper composting, this ratio should be greater than 25:1, but less than 40:1 at the start of
composting. Incoming materials have the following estimated ratios:

Grass clippings 12 - 15:1
Dry leaves 40:1
Paper and wood 200:1
Sawdust 200 - 500:1
Thus, adjustment may be necessary after grinding, screening and blending the feed stock
materials.
2.3.8 Contingency Plans Rule .1405 (c) (1)

A. Equipment: The four major pieces of equipment that are required for operations
includes the grinder, windrow turner, trommel screen, and the front-end loader.
These shall be maintained in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations.
If the grinder or screen breaks down, waste shall be stockpiled until the grinder is
repaired. If there is a need for a grinder, one can be rented. If the windrow turner
breaks down, the windrows can be turned with the front-end loader. If the front-end
loader breaks down, one will be rented from a local contractor.
B. Air Pollution: Dust and odor are the two primary air pollutants. Dust will be
controlled through proper moisture control and odor will be controlled through
proper aeration.

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 8 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

C. Nonconforming Waste: Nonconforming waste shall be taken to the landfill
assuming no hazardous materials or asbestos-bearing materials are present.
D. Spills: Spills are not expected. Potential spills would include maintenance fluids for
equipment, and fuel. Appropriate precautions will be taken to assure that equipment
is serviced correctly to minimize spills or discharges. Should oil or gas spill onto
the area, it shall be absorbed immediately and the absorbent disposed of
appropriately. Major equipment maintenance and repairs are handled in the on-site
maintenance garage. Off-spec product, incomplete compost, or compost which
might spill off the curing pad will be collected and returned to the appropriate
location.

E. Fires, noise, vectors, odors are discussed under Section 2.3.4. Unusual traffic
conditions shall be controlled by on-site personnel and the Craven County Sheriff’s
Department if necessary.
F. Adverse weather conditions: The primary adverse weather conditions facing the
CRSWMA facility include wind and rain. During periods of heavy wind, grinding
and windrow turning will not be conducted and the top of the windrow will be kept
moist to prevent blowing material. During periods of heavy rain, compost grinding
and screening operations are not carried out in the rain. The operator monitors the
site frequently to assure that stormwater controls are adequate and maintains the
site as possible. During mild rainfalls, the operator may want to turn the windrow to
incorporate moisture into the materials.

2.3.9 Classification/Distribution of MSW Compost Products Rule .1407

A. Requirements

For unrestricted use, the finished Type I compost must meet the following criteria:

 Minimal pathogenic organisms
 Free from offensive odors
 Containing no sharp particles

If these criteria are met then the finished compost material will be marketed to local
landscape firms and to residents of CRSWMA's member counties. CRSWMA transports some of
the finished product to the transfer stations in Carteret and Pamlico Counties where it is
convenient for residents and businesses located there to access.

B. Sampling

Prior to marketing the material to the public, a composite sample of the material should
be obtained and the tested for the parameters outlined under Section 2.3.5. It is recommended

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 9 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

that a copy of the test results and recommendations from the Department of Agriculture,
Agronomic Division be provided to each individual using the material.

A composite sample is obtained by taking 3 evenly distributed samples along the
windrow and compositing them into an airtight container or bag. Each sample should be
approximately 1-2 cups each and taken from a hole dug into the windrow starting approximately
4' up and angling at 45° into the pile. More samples may be warranted per windrow if there is
evidence of an inconsistent product (based on temperature or pH readings.)

A sketch indicating the location of each sample and a description of the sampling technique should be kept on each composite. Accurate record keeping is critical. Label each composite sample with the following information:
 Date sampled
 Time sampled
 Windrow identification
 Source of Sample
 Name of person taking sample
 Sample Preservation Technique
 Temperature of Sample
 pH of Sample

All information should be recorded in a sample logbook along with the following:

 Sample preparation
 Shipment record
 Tests to be conducted
 Laboratory to conduct tests

C. Labeling

When the Type 1 compost material is to be marketed to the public, sufficient information should be provided to the public to:
 Inform users of the benefits of using compost
 Advise users on suggested uses of product
 Inform users of cautions in using product
 Inform users of composition of the material including nutrients and contaminants
 Inform users of source of feedstock.

Appendix 7 includes a copy of the information provided to the end users by the
CRSWMA. It is also recommended that a copy of the test results (if available) be provided to the
end user.

2.4 Recordkeeping

2.4.1 Record Keeping Requirements

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 10 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

Separate records will be maintained for each section of the facility as described below.
Records shall be made and maintained for a minimum of five (5) years. Records shall be kept on
a monthly basis.

2.4.2 Operating Records

Weekly operating records shall include the following information (at a minimum).

 The quantity, type and source of waste received. It is important to track the type of
material closely.

 The quantity and type of waste processed.

 The quantity and type of compost produced by product classification.

 The quantity and type of compost removed for use or disposal, by product
classification and the market or permitted disposal facility.

 All operational information including date and number of times windrow(s) turned;
date, type, quantity and method of addition of any amendments.

 Temperature data. Temperature data shall indicate the location of readings in the
windrow and the length of the composting period. (A sample log is contained in
Appendix 5.)

 Moisture testing including data, location of test and weather conditions at time of sampling. (A sample log is contained in Appendix 5.)
 All analytical results from compost testing described above.

2.4.3 Annual Reporting Requirement Rule .1408 (c)

An annual report shall be submitted to the Solid Waste Division of DEQ. The fiscal year
shall be July 1 - June 30. The annual report will include the following:

 Facility name, address, and permit number

 Year covered

 Total quantity and type of waste in tons received at the facility during the year
covered including tons of waste received by local government of origin.

 Total quantity and type of waste in tons, processed into compost during the year
covered.

____________________________________________________________________________________________
Composting Facility Operation Manual 11 Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA, Permit No. 25-11 April 2016

 Total quantity in tons and type of compost produced at the facility, by product
classification, during the year covered.

 Total quantity in tons and type of compost removed for use or disposal from the
facility, by product classification, along with a general description of the market for
use during the year covered.

 Total quantity in tons, and the type of waste removed from the facility and disposed
of.

 Monthly temperature monitoring to support Rule .1406 (9).

 Summary of all testing completed on the compost as required by the Division.

 Condensed yearly totals of solid waste received and composted shall be reported back
to the local government of origin for respective annual recycling reporting.

2.5 All Required Permits

A copy of all required local, state and federal permits/approvals are included in the
permit application. The permit application should be kept on site at all times.

2.6 Equipment Specifications

The four major pieces of equipment in use at the composting facility are a Maxi Grinder,
Trommel Screen, Scarab Windrow Turner, and a Front-end Loader. Equipment specifications are
enclosed in Appendix 8.

[End]

DRAWINGS

PREPARED FOR:

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LONG-TERM REGIONAL LANDFILL
7400 OLD HIGHWAY 70 WEST
TUSCARORA, NC 28523

PERMIT No. 25-09

TUSCARORA LANDFILL
PHASE 3 EXPANSION

VOLUME 2, SECTION VII
CLOSURE & POST CLOSURE PLAN

NOVEMBER 2009
REVISED APRIL 2016

PREPARED BY:

9731-F SOUTHERN PINE BLVD
CHARLOTTE, NC 28273
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

i
VOLUME 2, SECTION VII
CLOSURE AND POST CLOSURE PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 CLOSURE ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Closure of Disposal Units .................................................................................................. 1
1.1.1 Cap Design .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1.2 Area to Be Capped ...................................................................................................... 2
1.1.3 Cap Settlement and Stability ....................................................................................... 2
1.1.4 Drainage and Erosion .................................................................................................. 3
1.1.5 Freeze/Thaw Effects .................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Waste Volume ................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Closure Plan Schedule ....................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Posting and Baiting ........................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Notification ........................................................................................................................ 4
1.6 Certification ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.7 Closure Cost Estimate ....................................................................................................... 5
2.0 POST-CLOSURE ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................ 5
2.1 Contact ............................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 Security .............................................................................................................................. 5
2.3 Post-Closure Maintenance ................................................................................................. 5
2.4 Inspection Plan .................................................................................................................. 6
2.5 Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................................. 6
2.5.1 Groundwater Monitoring ............................................................................................. 6
2.5.2 Surface Water Monitoring ........................................................................................... 7
2.5.3 Landfill Gas Monitoring .............................................................................................. 7
2.5.4 Stormwater, Erosion, and Sedimentation Control Facilities ....................................... 7
2.5.5 Leachate Management ................................................................................................. 7
2.6 Training ............................................................................................................................. 8
2.7 Post-Closure Land Use ...................................................................................................... 8
2.8 Post-Closure Cost Estimate ............................................................................................... 8

APPENDICES

Appendix VII – 1 Waste Inventory Calculations
Appendix VII – 2 Closure Cost Estimates
Appendix VII – 3 Post-Closure Inspection Record
Appendix VII – 4 Groundwater Monitoring Well Maintenance Record
Appendix VII – 5 Methane Monitoring Test Report
Appendix VII – 6 Post-Closure Cost Estimate
VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

1
1.0 CLOSURE ACTIVITIES

Pursuant to the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules (15A NCAC 13B .1617), this
Closure and Post-Closure Plan is submitted as part of the Permit to Operate (PTO) renewal the
Tuscarora Landfill.

Within this Closure and Post-Closure Plan, references are made to information and drawings
found in the Facility, Operations, and Engineering Plans to reduce redundancy in this report.
Grading plans, cap sections, and other aspects related to closure, including phased development,
stormwater management, and erosion and sediment control, are discussed in the Engineering and
Operation Plans of this report, and are illustrated on the drawings. The Construction Quality
Assurance (CQA) Plan provided in this application describes methods and procedures to be used
in monitoring construction of the closure cap. Detailed drawings, specifications, and other
documents will be prepared prior to closure for bidding and construction purposes.

The facility will be closed in accordance with the requirements of EPA's Subtitle D regulations
(40 CFR 258.60) and Rule .1627 of the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules (15A
NCAC 13 B). Given the proposed development plan for the facility, the waste disposal areas
will be capped and closed in phases as described in the following paragraphs.

1.1 Closure of Disposal Units

1.1.1 Cap Design

Proposed final/intermediate grading contours for the facility are provided on Drawing No. FP-04
of the Facility Plan. Final contours have been designed with post-settlement surface slopes of at
least five percent on top of the cell. Cross-sectional details of the proposed closure cap design,
are provided on Drawing No. EP-10. The following components (bottom to top) are proposed as
shown on the details:

a. Intermediate Cover and Leveling Course - Local soil will be placed over the daily
cover soil to provide at least 12 inches of intermediate cover and a uniform base
for construction of the cap.

b. Gas Migration Layer – A geonet composite will be installed between the
intermediate cover and the overlying infiltration layer. The geonet composite will
provide a pathway for accumulated gas to move laterally to the vents.

c. Composite Cap: GCL Component - The infiltration layer is proposed to consist of
a geosynthetic clay liner. This layer will be constructed over the geonet composite
that will serve as the gas migration layer. Installation and testing requirements for
the cap are provided in the Specifications (Appendix IV-6) and the CQA Plan.

d. Composite Cap: Geomembrane Component - The geomembrane component of
the infiltration layer will consist of a textured 40 mil flexible geomembrane. The
VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

2
membrane will be in direct contact with the underlying layer. The testing
program and quality assurance requirements for the geomembrane are described
in the CQA Plan.

e. Drainage Layer - A drainage layer consisting of a geonet and geotextile composite
will be placed over the geomembrane to promote drainage.

f. Protective Layer - A layer consisting of at least 18 inches of local soil will be
placed above the drainage layer to provide a protective cover for the underlying
cap components.

g. Vegetative Layer - A layer of topsoil material or organically amended local soil
will be placed above the protective layer. This soil layer will be at least 6 inches
in thickness. The material will be lightly compacted so that a good stand of
vegetation can be established. Soil tests will be conducted prior to seeding to
determine if soil additives are needed to establish and maintain the vegetation.

1.1.2 Area to Be Capped

The IRL (20.2 acres), Phase 1 (20.5 acres) and west slope of Phase 2 (7.3 acres) have been
capped. Phase 2 permitted waste footprint of 17.2 acres has approximately 9.9 acres subject to
closure. All of Phase 3 permitted waste footprint of 19.7 acres remains to be closed. Therefore,
the largest area of the landfill subject for closure during the permit cycle should be 29.6 acres. A
cost estimate for closure of this area is provided as Appendix VII-2.

1.1.3 Cap Settlement and Stability

Non-uniform settlement can be expected over the entire area that will receive a closure cap. The
primary mechanism of settlement is waste consolidation due to decomposition of the landfilled
material. According to Daniel, et al, long-term settlement is typically 5 to 15 percent over 20 to
30 years; however, settlement of about 5 percent can be expected in the first few months
following waste placement. A significant amount of waste consolidation will likely have
occurred by the time each portion of the landfill is closed.

The stability of the proposed cap design under static conditions has been evaluated and is
included in the Engineering Plan. The proposed design was found to be stable at a slope of
3H:1V.

After capped portions are completed, monthly inspections of the final cover will be conducted to
look for areas of the cap that might have experienced displacement. Should these inspections
indicate problem areas, (ponding, exposure of the geomembrane, deep cracks, etc.), repairs will
be initiated as soon as practical.

VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

3
1.1.4 Drainage and Erosion

A combination of drainage ditches, diversion berms, vegetative cover, and sediment traps and
basins will control drainage and erosion. Construction and design of sediment and erosion
control features will be in accordance with applicable sections of the "North Carolina Erosion
and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual." Drainage will be directed to proposed
ditches along the perimeter. These ditches will receive runoff from the cap, conveying the flow
to on-site sediment basins. For a detailed discussion regarding stormwater management and
erosion and sediment control, please refer to the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan submitted
under separate cover.

1.1.5 Freeze/Thaw Effects

Based on a published map of frost depths throughout the United States (EPA, November 1993:
A530-R-93-017), the anticipated maximum depth of freeze/thaw effects on the site is less than or
equal to 18 inches. Since the upper 18 inches of final cover soil is not the low-permeability
component of the cap, the effects of freeze/thaw cycles on the closure cap should not be
detrimental to its function.

1.2 Waste Volume

A summary of the total airspace available by phase was made in the Facility Plan and has been
included in Appendix VII-1. The available airspace was calculated based on a comparison of the
base grade and final grade surfaces.

1.3 Closure Plan Schedule

The landfill is designed so that it can be closed incrementally as final contours are reached in
various areas. Prior to beginning closure of any portion of the facility, CRSWMA will notify the
Division that a notice of intent to close the facility has been placed in the operating record. An
itemized list of closure milestones and a proposed schedule follow. Closure activities are
proposed to begin within 30 days of final receipt of waste in the area to be closed. Construction
of the closure cap is to be completed within 180 days following the initiation of closure
activities. The total length of the proposed closure period is 210 days following the final receipt
of waste.

The approximate closure milestones shown in Table 1 below are proposed for use in tracking the
progress of closure activities. A detailed schedule will be established prior to construction.
VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

4

Table 1
Proposed Closure Milestones and Schedule

Milestone

Proposed Schedule from the Date of
Final Receipt of Waste
Testing of borrow sources

Within 6 months prior to closure Grading of intermediate cover Within 30 to 60 days Placement of soil cap 30 to 150 days Final inspection of cap by P.E. 150 to 180 days
Construction of stormwater controls

90 to 180 days
Seeding and mulching

150 to 180 days Preparation of survey plat 180 to 210 days Submittal of closure certification 180 to 210 days

1.4 Posting and Baiting

At least one sign will remain posted at the entrance to the facility notifying persons of the facility
closing. Also, a notice prohibiting further receipt of waste materials will remain posted at the
entrance. The site will be secured through the use of gates equipped with locks, fencing, and/or
natural barriers. The site will be baited for rodent and vector control before final closure is
initiated.

1.5 Notification

Once closure is complete, a survey plat will be prepared by a registered land surveyor showing
the locations and dimensions of the landfill disposal areas, the locations of groundwater
monitoring wells and gas probes, and the restrictions on future disturbance of the site. A
notation will be recorded on the property deed stating that the land has been used to dispose solid
waste and that its use is restricted under the Closure Plan as required by Rule .1627(c)(8).
Copies of the deed notations as recorded will be placed in the Operating Record and forwarded
to the Division.

1.6 Certification

Upon completion of closure, a licensed professional engineer acting on behalf of the owner will
submit a Certification of Closure to the Division. This Certification will state that the site was
closed in accordance with the Closure Plan and applicable solid waste regulations and laws as
required by Rule .1627(c)(7).

VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

5
The owner must record a notation on the deed to the landfill facility property at the Craven
County Registrar of Deeds office, or some other instrument that is normally examined during
title search, and notify the Division that the notation has been recorded and a copy has been
placed in the operating record. The notation shall in perpetuity notify any potential purchaser of
the property that the land has been used as a MSW facility and its use is restricted under the
closure plan approved by the Division.

1.7 Closure Cost Estimate

An estimate of closure costs is provided in Appendix VII-2. All costs are given in 2015 dollars.

2.0 POST-CLOSURE ACTIVITIES

Post-closure activities will be conducted at the landfill in accordance with Rule .1627 for a
period of 30 years following closure of the landfill. The length of the period can be increased or
decreased in accordance with Division directives.

2.1 Contact

All correspondence and questions concerning the post-closure care of the unit should be directed
to:
Mr. Bobby Darden
Executive Director
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority
PO Box 128
Cove City, North Carolina, 28523
252-633-1564

2.2 Security

Access to the site will be controlled by the use of barriers and gates at roadway entrances. These
control devices will be maintained throughout the post-closure care period, and inspected as part
of the monthly inspection program. All barriers and gates will be clearly marked with signs
stating the name and nature of the facility and the person to contact in case of emergency or
breach of security.

2.3 Post-Closure Maintenance

Post-closure maintenance and monitoring will be conducted at the Tuscarora Landfill for a
period of 30 years after final closure. The Division may decrease the length of the post-closure
period if the owner or operator demonstrates that the reduced period is sufficient to protect
human health and the environment, and the Division approves this demonstration. The period
might be increased by the Division if the Division determines that the lengthened period is
necessary to protect human health and the environment.
Monitoring will include semiannual sampling of groundwater and surface water, quarterly gas
monitoring and monthly inspection of the final cover and monitoring and control systems.
VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

6

Routine maintenance and repairs may include upkeep of fencing, gates, & signage, access roads
toward monitoring locations, stormwater, erosion, and sedimentation control facilities, potential
leachate seeps, and the integrity of the final cap system.

Maintenance needs identified through the monitoring program will be initiated no later than 60
days after the discovery, and within 24 hours if a danger or eminent threat to human health or the
environment is indicated. Minor cap maintenance may be deferred until there is a sufficient
amount of work to justify the mobilization of equipment and personnel. Unusual or extreme
maintenance needs due to calamities or vandalism might require the implementation of
emergency contract service procedures established by CRSWMA.

2.4 Inspection Plan

Routine inspections will be conducted throughout the post-closure care period. These
inspections will be carried out monthly unless problems are detected which indicate more
frequent visits. Potential impacts to the public and environment will be considered in
determining the inspection frequency. Items to be included in the monthly inspection will be as
follows:

 Access and security control
 Leachate management and storage systems
 Stormwater management
 Erosion and sediment control
 Gas management
 Groundwater and landfill gas monitoring systems
 Integrity of site benchmarks
 Vector control.

Inspection forms have been prepared for use during each inspection (see Appendix VII-3).
Completed copies of the inspection forms will be kept by the owner, and copies will be
forwarded to the Division for its records.

2.5 Monitoring Plan

2.5.1 Groundwater Monitoring

Groundwater monitoring will occur semiannually throughout the post-closure care period. The
monitoring schedule will continue as established during the active life of the facility. The
applicable procedures outlined in Rules .1633 through .1637 will be followed through post-
closure as required by site findings. Refer to the Water Quality Monitoring Plan in the Design
Hydrogeologic Report, Volume III of this submittal.

The post-closure care period for the site is 30 years unless modified by the Division. If the
statistical analysis of the groundwater monitoring data does not indicate degradation to the
VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

7
quality of the groundwater after the 30-year post-closure care period, a request will be made to
terminate the groundwater monitoring program. All groundwater-monitoring wells will be
maintained so that future monitoring can be resumed if desired. A blank groundwater
monitoring well maintenance record form is provided in Appendix VII-4.

2.5.2 Surface Water Monitoring

Surface water will be monitored according to the Water Quality Monitoring Plan.

2.5.3 Landfill Gas Monitoring

Monitoring of explosive gas hazards will be performed as described in the Operations Plan.

The active landfill gas collection and control system will continue to operate according to the
Title V Air Permit (Appendix VI-3).

At the end of the useful life of the gas collection and control system, and after operation is no
longer required according to the Title V Air Permit, the gas extraction wellheads will be removed
to allow any remaining gas to vent to the atmosphere. All buried gas system components will be
left in place. The blower/flare and processing equipment will be decommissioned and may be
removed from the facility. The facility will continue explosive gasses monitoring beyond the
decommissioning of the active gas collection period in accordance with the Post-Closure criteria
by Rule .1627 (d).

2.5.4 Stormwater, Erosion, and Sedimentation Control Facilities

Stormwater management features proposed in the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan are
designed to function throughout the post-closure care period. Drainage ditches and sediment
ponds will be inspected and maintained as needed to control surface water runoff and erosion.

2.5.5 Leachate Management

Leachate management will continue at the facility during the post-closure period as long as
leachate continues to be generated. The leachate collection system will be evaluated periodically
and maintained to prevent clogging. Leachate will be pumped as needed from the pond to tanker
trucks, and hauled to the wastewater treatment plant for disposal.

When leachate collection ceases, the following closure activities will be completed within 180
days. Leachate removal pipes will be securely plugged, and liquid and solid waste will be
removed from the storage facilities and associated piping. Contaminated subsoils, structures,
and equipment will also be removed. Material that is removed will be disposed in accordance
with applicable requirements.

VII – Closure and Post Closure Plan Joyce Engineering, Inc.
CRSWMA – Tuscarora Landfill PTO Renewal November 2009
Craven County, North Carolina Rev. April 2016

8
2.6 Training

Personnel responsible for conducting monitoring activities, site inspections and maintenance will
be competent individuals trained in the skills needed for their job. Personnel will continue to
receive training as new programs become available.

Groundwater and surface water monitoring will be performed by a qualified firm, and laboratory
analysis will be conducted by a certified environmental laboratory.

2.7 Post-Closure Land Use

The primary land use for the site after closure of the landfill will be open dormant green space.
Limited passive recreational uses may be proposed at a later time.

2.8 Post-Closure Cost Estimate

An estimate of post-closure care costs is provided in Appendix VII-6. All costs are given in
2015 dollars.

(End)

APPENDIX VII – 2
CLOSURE COST ESTIMATES

Opinion of Cost for Closure (Phases 3; 19.7 acres)
Rev.RTC
Facility Name: Tuscarora Landfill Date: 09/11/15 04/05/16
Calculated By: MM HMAK
Permit No.: 25-09 Reviewed By: LB 9731-F Southern Pine Blvd.
Facility Address: PO Box 128 Revision No.: 2 Charlotte, North Carolina 28273
Cove City, NC 28523 Project No.: 618.1601.11 phone - 704.817.2037
Facility Owner: Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority Task No.: 05 fax - 704.837.2010
www.joyceengineering.com
CLOSURE COSTS:
Native Soil for Slope and Fill-Intermediate Cover (Site Preparation)Notes & Guidance Values
a. Area to be capped 29.6 acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 143,264 yd2 Geonet Composite (Drainage and Gas Migration)Notes & Guidance Values
b. Depth of native soil for slope and fill 12 inches x 1yd/ 36 inches = 0.33 yd a. Quantity of Geonet Composite needed 29.6 acres x 43560 ft2/acre = 1,289,376 ft
2
c. Quantity of native soil needed (a x b)47,755 yd
3 b. Purchase unit cost $0.37 $0.37 /ft
2
d. Percentage of soil from off-site 100 100% c. Delivery unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /ft
2
e. Excavation unit cost (on-site material)$1.74 $1.74 /yd
3 d. Installation unit cost $0.06 $0.06 /ft
2
f. Purchase unit cost (off-site material)$3.48 $3.48 /yd
3 e. Total geocomposite unit cost (b + c + d)$0.44 /ft
2
g. Delivery Cost (off-site material)$8.80/yd3 for 5 mil RT $8.80 /yd3 f. Total geocomposite cost (a x e)$565,649
h. Placement/Spreading unit cost $1.61 $1.61 /yd3
i. Compaction unit cost $0.40 $0.40 /yd3 Geosynthetic Clay Liner
j. Total on-site native soil unit cost (e + h + i) $3.75 /yd
3 a. Quantity of GCL needed 29.6 acres x 43560 ft2/acre = 1,289,376 ft
2
k. Total off-site native soil unit cost (f + g + h + i)$14.28 /yd
3 b. Purchase unit cost $0.33 $0.33 /ft
2
l. Total on-site native soil cost [j x (1-d) x c]$0 c. Delivery unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /ft
2
m. Total off-site native soil cost (c x d x k)$681,860 d. Installation unit cost $0.10 $0.10 /ft
2
n. Percent compaction 20 20% e. Total GCL unit cost (b + c + d)$0.43 /ft
2
o. Total native soil cost (l + m) * (1 + n)$818,232 f. Total GCL cost (a x e)$551,853
Topsoil (Vegetative Layer)IX. Soil Admixture
a. Area to be capped 29.6 acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 143,264 yd
2 a. Area to be capped acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 0yd2
b. Depth of topsoil needed 6 inches x 1yd/ 36 inches = 0.17 yd b. Soil admixture unit cost $2.57 $2.57 /yd
2
c. Quantity of topsoil needed (a x b)23,877 yd
3 c. Total soil admixture cost (a x b)$0.00
d. Percentage of soil from off-site 100 100%
e. Excavation unit cost (on-site material)$1.74 $1.74 /yd3 Protective Soil Cover
f. Purchase unit cost (off-site material)$5.35 $5.35 /yd
3 a. Area to be capped 29.6 acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 143,264 yd
2
g. Delivery Cost (off-site material)$8.80/yd3 for 5 mil RT $8.80 /yd
3 b. Depth of soil needed 18 inches x 1yd/ 36 inches = 0.50 yd
h. Placement/Spreading unit cost $1.61 $1.61 /yd
3 c. Quantity of soil needed (a x b)71,632 yd
3
i. Compaction unit cost $0.40 $0.40 /yd
3 d. Percentage of soil from off-site 25 25%
j. Total on-site topsoil unit cost (e + h + i) $3.75 /yd
3 e. Excavation unit cost (on-site material)$1.74 $1.74 /yd
3
k. Total off-site topsoil unit cost (f + g + h + i)$16.15 /yd
3 f. Purchase unit cost (off-site material)$3.48 $3.48 /yd
3
l. Total on-site topsoil cost [j x (1-d) x c]$0 g. Delivery Cost (off-site material)$8.80/yd3 for 5 mil RT $8.80 /yd
3
m. Total off-site topsoil cost (c x d x k)$385,640 h. Placement/Spreading unit cost $1.61 $1.61 /yd
3
n. Percent compaction 10 10% i. Compaction unit cost $0.40 $0.40 /yd
3
o. Total topsoil cost (l + m) * (1 + n)$424,204 j. Total on-site soil unit cost (e + h + i) $3.75 /yd3
k. Total off-site soil unit cost (f + g + h + i)$14.28 /yd
3
Drainage Layer l. Total on-site soil cost [j x (1-d) x c]$201,196
a. Area to be capped acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 0yd2 m. Total off-site soil cost (c x d x k)$255,698
b. Depth of sand or gravel needed 0 inches x 1yd/ 36 inches = 0.00 yd n. Percent compaction 20 20%
c. Quantity of sand or gravel needed (a x b)0 yd3 o. Total protective soil cover cost (l + m) * (1 + n)$548,273
d. Purchase unit cost $6.90 $6.90 /yd3
e. Delivery cost (for off-site material)$7.85/yd3 for 10 mil RT $7.85 /yd3 Soil Testing
f. Spreading unit cost $1.39 $1.39 /yd
3 a. Number of acres to be capped 29.6 29.6 acres
g. Compaction unit cost $0.12 $0.12 /yd
3 b. Testing unit cost
h. Percent compaction sand = 10%, gravel = 5%10 %(Includes density & permeability tests and technician)$2,440 $2,440 /acre
i. Total drainage layer unit cost (d + e + f + g)$16.26 /yd3 c.Total Soil Testing Cost (a x b)$72,212.16
j. Total drainage layer cost [c x i x (1+h)]$0.00
Seeding
IV.On-Site Clay a. Number of acres to be vegetated 29.6 29.6 acres
a. Area to be capped acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 0yd2 b. Unit cost for prep, seed, and fert.$1,873 $1,873 /acre
b. Depth of clay needed 0 inches x 1yd/ 36 inches = 0.00 yd c.Total Seeding Cost (a x b)$55,426
c. Quantity of clay needed (a x b)0 yd3
d. Excavation unit cost $5.36 $5.36 /yd3 Landfill Gas (LFG) Management System
e. Placement/Spreading unit cost $1.38 $1.38 /yd
3 a. Number of acres of landfill to be closed 29.6
f. Compaction unit cost $1.79 $1.79 /yd
3 c. Number of LFG wells 19
g. Total on-site clay unit cost (d + e + f + g)$8.53 /yd
3 e. Average cost per LFG well $3,745
h. Percent compaction 25%25 %g. Total cost for LFG wells (c x e)$71,155 total
i. Total on-site clay cost [c x g x (1 + h)]$0.00 Landfill Gas Appurtenances
h. Header Pipe (12") ft.2500
V. Off-Site Clay i. 12" Pipe Unit Cost (including installation)$37 $93,625.00 total
a. Area to be capped (1acre=4840yd²)acres x 4840 yd2/acre = 0yd2 j. Header Pipe (10") ft.200
b. Depth of clay needed (6" = 0.16 yd) 0 inches x 1yd/ 36 inches = 0.00 yd k. 10" Pipe Unit Cost (including installation)$32 $6,420.00 total
c. Quantity of clay needed (a x b)(a x b)0yd3 l. Lateral Pipe (8") ft.1830
d. Purchase unit cost $45.36 $45.36 /yd
3 m. 6" Pipe Unit Cost (including installation)$21 $39,162.00 total
e. Delivery cost (for off-site material)$7.85/yd3 for 10 mil RT $7.85 /yd
3 n. Isolation Valve 0
f. Spreading unit cost $1.38 $1.38 /yd
3 o. Isolation Valve Cost (including installation)$1,284 $0.00 total
g. Compaction unit cost $1.79 $1.79 /yd
3 p. Condensate Traps 2
h. Total off-site clay unit cost (d + e + f + g)$56.38 /yd
3 q. Condensate Trap Unit Cost (including installation)$2,675 $5,350.00 total
i. Percent compaction 25%25 % r. Blower/Flare Skid (already in place)$0.00 $0.00 total
j. Total on-site clay cost [c x h x (1 + i)]$0.00 s. Length of LFG detection probe in linear feet 100
t. Number of LFG detection probes to be installed 0 $0.00
Drainage Pipe u. LFG detection probe unit cost $40.00
a. Length of pipe needed (15")775 775 LF v. Total cost for LFG detection probes (b x d x f)$0.00
b. Pipe unit cost (15")$21.13 $21.13 /LF w. Total gas management system cost $215,712
c. Length of pipe needed (12")950 950 LF
d. Pipe unit cost (12")$16.05 $16.05 /LF Groundwater monitoring system
e. Trenching and backfilling cost $12.84 $12.84 /LF a. Hydrogeologic study $10,000 or as needed $0
f. Total drainage pipe unit cost (15")(b + e)$33.97 /LF b. Monitoring well construction/well $1,225 per well $1,225.00 /well
g. Total drainage pipe unit cost (12")(d + e)$28.89 /LF c. Number of wells to be installed 0 0 wells
h.Total drainage pipe cost [(a x f) + (c x g)]$53,774 d. Additional well length of 50'0 0LF
e. Unit cost for additional well length over 50'$22.00 $22.00 /LF
Synthetic Membrane f. Total additional cost for well length over 50'(e x d)$0
a. Area to be capped with FML 29.6 acres x 43560 ft2/acre = 1,289,376 ft
2 g. Total monitoring well construction cost (b x c)$0
b. Purchase unit cost $0.28 $0.28 /ft
2 h. Total Groundwater monitoring system cost (a + e + f)$0.00
c. Delivery unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /ft2
d. Installation unit cost $0.11 $0.11 /ft2 Mobilization/demobilization $27,500
e. Total synthetic membrane unit cost (b + c + d)$0.39 /ft
2
f. Total synthetic membrane cost (a x e)$496,668
Survey and deed notation $13,200
VIII. Geotextile Filter Fabric
a. Quantity of filter fabric needed 0.0 acres x 43560 ft2/acre = 0 ft2
b. Purchase unit cost $0.26 $0.26 /ft2 Closure Certification $27,500
c. Delivery unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /ft
2
d. Installation unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /ft2
e. Total synthetic membrane unit cost (b + c + d)$0.26 /ft2 Erosion and Stormwater Control $110,000
f. Total synthetic membrane cost (a x e)$0.00
Total Construction Closure Costs
Total Unadjusted Closure Costs $3,980,204
Notes:
Cumulative inflation factor 1.07 was applied to the 2012-2015 Financial Assurance unit costs.
In the 2015 Financial Assurance, guidance values were attained from recently completed JOYCE projects, and suppliers' price quotes. Contingency (10%)$398,020
Material Costs for Geosynthetics include Delivery.
Engineering Fees
Construction Documents $80,250
Material Cost List Construction Quality Assurance $321,000
Total Closure Cost $4,779,474
Material Installation Material Installation (Phase 3)
Synthetic Membrane (per ft2) (per ft2) (per ft2) (per ft2)
$0.38 $0.10 $0.41 $0.11 Total Area to be capped 29.6 acres
$0.26 $0.10 $0.28 $0.11 Approximate closure cost per acre $161,469 /acre
$0.28 $0.10 $0.30 $0.11
Geonet Composite
$0.35 $0.06 $0.37 $0.06
$0.39 $0.06 $0.42 $0.06
$0.60 $0.08 $0.64 $0.09
Geosynthetic Clay Liner
$0.27 $0.09 $0.29 $0.10
$0.31 $0.09 $0.33 $0.10
2015 Prices
60 mil HDPE
40 mil LLDPE
40 mil PVC
6 oz
8 oz
Triplanar
Type I (Regular)
Type II (Reinforced)
2011 Prices
Financial Assurance
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal
Craven County, North Carolina Page 1
Joyce Engineering, Inc.
November 2009
Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016

APPENDIX VII – 6
POST-CLOSURE COST ESTIMATES

Opinion of Cost for Post Closure Care
Facility Name: Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill Date: 09/11/15 4/5/2016
Calculated By: MM HMAK 9731-F Southern Pine Blvd.
Permit No.: 25-09 Reviewed By: LB Charlotte, North Carolina 28273
Facility Address: PO Box 128 Revision No.: 2 phone - 704.817.2037
Cove City, NC 28523 Project No.: 618.1601.11 fax - 704.837.2010
Facility Owner: Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authori Task No.: 05 www.joyceengineering.com
POST CLOSURE COSTS:
Ground & Surface Water Monitoring Notes & Guidance Values
a. Total number of monitoring wells 42 42 wells
b. Number of sampling events per year 2 sampling events per year 2 events
c. Monitoring costs per sample $1,605 $1,605 /sample
d. Miscellaneous Engineering Fees $11,000 or as required $10,700 /year
e. Total annual monitoring costs [(a x b x c) + d]$145,520 /year
f.Total number of surface water monitoing points 4 4
g.Number of sampling events per year 2 sampling events per year 2 events
h.Monitoring costs per sample $150 $150 /sample
i. Total annual monitoring costs (f x g x h)$1,200 /year
j. Post-closure period 30 30 years
k. Total cost for post-closure period (e + i x j)$4,401,600.00
Landfill Gas Monitoring System Maintenance
a. Monthly wellfield monitoring (12 events per year) 12 events/year
b. Unit cost for 'a' $1,605.00 $1,605 /event
c. Quarterly Surface Emissions & Explosive Gases (4 events per year) 4 events/year
d. Unit cost for 'c' $1,605.00 $1,605 /event
e. Annual Reporting (Title V Permit Compliance) $11,000 per year $10,700
f. Maintenance and Response to Shutdowns $11,000 per year $10,700
g. Post-closure period 20 20 years
h. Total annual cost for post-closure period [(a x b) + (c x d) + e + f]$47,080
i. Total cost for post-closure period (g x h)$941,600
Decommisioning of Landfill Gas Collection and Control System
a. Total number of wellheads 59 59 wells
b.Estimated cost per wellhead 100 $100 /well
c.Estimated cost of wellhead removal (a x b)$5,900
d.Decommissioning of blower/flare $1,000.00 $1,000
e.Decommissioning of processing equipment $25,000.00 $25,000
f.Total cost for decommissioning LFGCC system (c + d + e)$31,900
Explosive Gas Monitoring Period 20 to 30 Years
a.Quarterly Surface Emissions & Explosive Gases (4 events per year) 4 events/year
b.Unit cost for 'a' $1,605.00 $1,605 /event
c.Post-closure period (years 20 to 30) 10 10 years
d. Total annual cost for post-closure period $64,200
Leachate Management
a. Private disposal unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /gal
b. POTW disposal unit cost $0.00 $0.00 /gal
c. Direct discharge to a POTW unit cost (2015 rate) $0.009 $0.009 /gal
d. Amount of leachate generated (HELP Model) 0.3 gal/acre/day 8,497 gal/yr
e. Load/unload unit cost $0 $0.00 /truck
f. Capacity of truck 0 0 gallons
g. Number of trucks required per year (d ÷ f) 0 trucks/year
h. Distance over 5 miles of hauling (one way) 0 0 miles
i. Cost of hauling per mile $0.00 $0.00 /mile
j. Total cost for loading / unloading and hauling [(e x g) + (h x i)] $0.00 /year
k. Total annual cost for Private Disposal (a x d) $0.00 /year
l. Total annual cost for POTW Disposal (delivered) [(b x d) + j] $0.00 /year
m. Total annual cost for POTW Disposal (direct) (c x d)$78 /year
n. Number of sampling events per year 2 sampling events per year 2 events
o. Monitoring costs per sample $150 $300 /sample
p.Total annual monitoring costs (n x o)$300 /year
q. Total leachate management cost (m + p)$378 /year
r. Post-closure period 30 30 years
s. Total cost for post-closure period (n x o)$11,353
Routine Maintenance and Repairs
a. Mowing frequency 2 2 visits/year
b. Area to be maintained (acres) 77.6 77.6 acres
c. Mowing unit cost per visit $85 $85 /acre/visit
d. Total mowing cost per year (a x b x c) $13,119.06 /year
e. Fertilizer unit cost $309 $309 /acre
f. Total fertilizer cost per year (b x e) $23,996.25 /year
g. Number of years to reseed (max 3 years) 3 3 years
h. Area to reseed (acres) 77.6 77.6 acres
i. Reseeding unit cost $1,926 $1,926 /acre
j. Total reseeding cost (g x h x i) $448,373
k. Mobilization/demobilization cost per year $112 $112 /year
l. Total maintenance and repairs cost per year (d + f + k)$37,228 /year
m. Post-closure period 30 30 years
n.Total cost for post-closure period [(m x l) +j]$1,565,202.42
Vector and Rodent Control
a. Total vector and rodent control costs per year $2,200 or as required $2,140 /year
b. Post-closure period 30 30 years
c.Total cost for post-closure period (a x b)$64,200
Total Post-Closure Costs
Total Unadjusted Post-Closure Costs $7,080,055
Contingency (10%) $708,006
Total Post-Closure Cost-Estimate $7,788,061
Overall Total Costs
Total Post-Closure Cost-Estimate 2015 $7,788,061
Total Closure Cost-Estimate $4,779,474
(From previous page)
TOTAL CLOSURE & POST-CLOSURE COST ESTIMATE = $12,567,535
Potential Assessment and Corrective Action (PACA), NCGS 130A-295.2(h) $2,000,000
Financial Assurance
CRSWMA - Tuscarora Landfill Permit Renewal
Craven County, North Carolina Page 2
Joyce Engineering, Inc.
November 2009
Rev. November 2015
Rev. April 2016
1
Ritter, Christine
From:Ritter, Christine
Sent:Friday, May 27, 2016 2:31 PM
To:'[e-mail]'
Cc:Amy Davis ([e-mail]); Williams, Ray; Hammonds, Andrew; Bobby
Darden ([e-mail]); Chao, Ming-tai
Subject:Water Quality Monitoring Plan submitted with permit amendment application,
CRSWMA, Permit # 25-09
DIN26142

AlexͲ

TheRevisedDecember2015WaterQualityMonitoringPlanwassubmittedbyJoyceEngineeringonbehalfofCoastal
RegionalSolidWasteManagementAuthorityaspartofthepermitamendmentapplicationforcontinuedoperationsat
Phases1,2,and3oftheLongͲtermRegionalLandfill.

IhavenocommentsontheRevisedDecember2015WaterQualityMonitoringPlanandthePlanisapprovedfor
continuedgroundwaterandsurfacewatermonitoringattheTuscaroraLandfillincludingboththeClosedInterim
RegionalLandfillandtheTuscaroraLongͲTermRegionalLandfill.

Pleasecontactmeifyouhaveanyquestions.

Thankyou,

Christine Ritter
Hydrogeologist
Solid Waste Section
Division of Waste Management
NC Dept of Environmental Quality

919 707 8254 office
[e-mail]
Mailing address:
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646
Physical address:
217 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603


Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.



2




From:Chao,MingͲtai
Sent:Thursday,May26,20163:09PM
To:BobbyDarden<[e-mail]>
Cc:AmyDavis([e-mail])<[e-mail]>;Williams,Ray
<[e-mail]>;Ritter,Christine<[e-mail]>;Hammonds,Andrew
<[e-mail]>
Subject:Commentsontherevisedpermitamendmentapplication,CRSWMA,Permit#25Ͳ09

Dear Mr. Darden:
Attached is the electronic copy of the comments (DIN 26135) on the revised permit amendment application for a
continued operations of Phases 1, 2, & 3 at Tuscarora Regional Landfill, Permit # 25-09 (DIN 25978). The hard cop of
this letter will be mailed to your attention today. Christine Ritter, the Hydrogeologist of the Solid Waste Section is
reviewing the Water Quality Monitoring Plan, and she will address the concerns in a separately letter, if any.
Please contact me if you have any question on the comments. Have a wonderful day.

Ming Chao
Ming-Tai Chao, P.E.
Environmental Engineer
Permitting Branch, Solid Waste Section
NCDEQ, Division of Waste Management
(Mailing Address)
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
(Street Address)
Green Square, 217 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603
Tel. [phone]
[e-mail]
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.


PREPARED FOR:

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
P.O. BOX 128
COVE CITY, NORTH CAROLINA 28523

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LANDFILL
PERMIT NUMBERS 25-04 & 25-09

WATER QUALITY
MONITORING PLAN

REVISED DECEMBER 2015

PREPARED BY:

2211 WEST MEADOWVIEW ROAD, SUITE 101
GREENSBORO, NORTH CAROLINA 27407
NC LICENSE NUMBER C-0782
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
JOYCE PROJECT NO. 00618.1601.12

WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LANDFILL
PERMIT # 25-05 & 25-09
DECEMBER 2015

Prepared by:

2211 West Meadowview Road, Suite 101
Greensboro, North Carolina 27407

Prepared by: _____________________________
G. Van Ness Burbach, Ph.D., P.G.
NC License # 1349

Water Quality Monitoring Certification Statement:

We certify that the Water Quality Monitoring Plan presented in this report, when implemented, will be
effective in providing early detection of any release of hazardous constituents to the uppermost aquifer, so
as to be protective of public health and the environment.

JOYCE Project # 618.1601.12, Task 01

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
i

Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority
Tuscarora Landfill, Permits 25-04 & 25-09

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1 
1.1 Site Description ..............................................................................................................1 
1.2 Geology and Hydrogeology ...........................................................................................2 
1.3 Groundwater Flow Regime ............................................................................................3 
2.0 GROUNDWATER MONITORING .................................................................................4 
2.1 Groundwater Monitoring Network – Upper Aquifer .....................................................4 
2.2 Groundwater Monitoring Network – Lower Aquifer ....................................................5 
2.3  Groundwater Sampling Methodology ...........................................................................5 
2.4  Sample Analysis Requirements .....................................................................................9 
2.5  Reporting and Record Keeping ......................................................................................9 
3.0 COMPARISONS TO STANDARDS .............................................................................10 
3.1 Comparison to Groundwater Protection Standards (GPS) ..........................................10 
3.2 Statistical Analyses ......................................................................................................10 
3.2.1 Treatment of Censored Data ....................................................................................11 
3.2.2 Assumption of Normality ..........................................................................................11 
3.2.3 Parametric Upper Tolerance Limit ..........................................................................11 
3.2.4 Aitchison’s Adjusted Parametric Upper Prediction Limit .......................................11 
3.2.5 Non-parametric Upper Tolerance Limit ..................................................................11 
3.2.6 Poisson Upper Prediction Limit ...............................................................................12 
4.0 SURFACE WATER MONITORING .............................................................................12 
5.0 ABILITY TO EFFECTIVELY MONITOR RELEASES ..............................................12 
6.0 REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................13 
7.0 ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................14 

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
ii

Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority
Tuscarora Landfill, Permits 25-04 & 25-09

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

Tables
Table 1 Monitoring Well Network and Construction Details
Table 2 Groundwater Elevations - Leachate Storage Lagoon Area
Table 3 Groundwater Elevations - Closed Interim Regional Landfill
Table 4 Groundwater Elevations - Long Term Regional Landfill (Phases 1 -3)
Table 5 Hydraulic Gradients and Linear Flow Velocities for the Upper Aquifer
Table 6 Hydraulic Gradients and Linear Flow Velocities for the Lower Aquifer

Figure & Drawings
Figure 1 Site Location Map
Drawing 1 Shallow Aquifer Potentiometric Surface Contour Map
Drawing 2 Deep Aquifer Potentiometric Surface Contour Map
Drawing 3 Water Quality Monitoring Plan Well Locations

Appendices
Appendix A Monitoring Well Boring Logs
Appendix B Survey of Monitoring Well Locations
Appendix C Sample Field Logs, Chains of Custody, and Reusable Bailer
Decontamination Procedure Appendix D Analytical Requirements

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
1

1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Water Quality Monitoring Plan (WQMP) will serve as a guidance document for collecting and
analyzing groundwater and surface water samples, managing the associated analytical results, and
monitoring for any potential releases to the upper and lower aquifers from the Coastal Regional
Solid Waste Management Authority’s (CRSWMA’s) Tuscarora Landfill. The Tuscarora Landfill
consists of the Closed Interim Regional Landfill, the Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill
(Phases 1, 2, & 3), and the Leachate Storage Lagoon Area. This WQMP complies with 15A NCAC
13B.1630-.1632 of the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules (NCSWMR). The WQMP
also addresses the requirements for surface water monitoring specified in Rule .0602.

CRSWMA submitted the Site Hydrogeological Report for the Long-Term Regional Landfill as part
of a Site Plan Application prepared by HDR Engineering, Inc. (HDR) in 1995 (HDR, 1995). The
report was prepared to meet the requirements specified in the NCSWMR, Rule .0504(1). In 1997,
CRSWMA submitted a Design Hydrogeologic Report and a Water Quality Monitoring Plan as part
of an Application for a Permit to Construct Phase 1 of the Long-Term Regional Landfill (HDR,
1997). In 2003, CRSWMA submitted a Design Hydrogeologic Report and a Water Quality
Monitoring Plan as part of an Application for a Permit to Construct Phase 2 of the Long-Term
Regional Landfill (JOYCE, 2003). In November 2010, CRSWMA submitted a Design
Hydrogeologic Report and a Water Quality Monitoring Plan as part of an Application for a Permit to
Construct Phase 3 of the Long-Term Regional Landfill (JOYCE, 2010) in accordance with
NCSWMR .1623(a) and (b). Much of the site information in this WQMR was originally presented
in the documents described above.

1.1 Site Description
The Tuscarora Landfill is owned and operated by the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management
Authority (CRSWMA) and is currently operating under North Carolina Solid Waste Permit Numbers
25-04 and 25-09. The landfill is located off Old Highway 70, near the town of New Bern in
northwestern Craven County, North Carolina. The property boundary is indicated on an excerpt
from the 7.5-minute USGS Topographic Map for Jasper, North Carolina (Figure 1).

The Tuscarora Landfill includes four contiguous waste cells; the closed Tuscarora Interim Regional
Landfill (IRL) (Permit 25-04-MSWLF-1993) and Phases 1, 2, and 3 of the Tuscarora Long-Term
Regional Landfill (Permit 25-09-MSWLF-1999). The IRL was constructed in accordance with the
Federal Subtitle D regulations with a composite liner and leachate collection and removal system.
The IRL began receiving waste in 1993, and stopped receiving waste by November 1999. The
Tuscarora Long-Term Regional (LTR) Landfill is constructed in accordance with Subtitle D
requirements, beginning with Phase 1, which was constructed and began receiving waste in
November 1999 and stopped receiving waste in 2005. Phase 2 was constructed in 2005 and was
active from 2005 until June 2013. Phase 3 is the current, active cell. The Permit to Operate Phase 3
was approved by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR)
[which is now the Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ)] Solid Waste Section (SWS) on
June 6, 2012, and began receiving waste on June 20, 2013. The current waste footprint comprises
approximately 79 acres of the 101 acres approved in the permit.
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
2

1.2 Geology and Hydrogeology
The Tuscarora Landfill is located in the Coastal Plain physiographic province. The Coastal Plain
consists of a wedge of continental and marine sediments that are Cretaceous, Tertiary, and
Quaternary in age. These sediments are approximately 1,500 feet thick in the area of the Tuscarora
Landfill according to the North Carolina State Geologic Map (Brown, 1985). Surface water is
directed through a network of constructed drainage ditches to the north-northeast towards Jumping
Run, a tributary of Bachelor Creek. Shallow groundwater flow is to the east-southeast towards
Beaverdam Branch, which is another tributary of Bachelor Creek located approximately 2.25 miles
away. Bachelor Creek flows to the east to its confluence with the Neuse River.

The upper aquifer (shallow aquifer) at the site consists of Miocene to Pleistocene age silty sands,
clayey sands, and sandy clays. These sediments vary in thickness across the expansion area from
approximately 7 to 18 feet. The sediments appear to be thicker in the western portion of the Phase 3
expansion area and thinner in the eastern portion of the Phase 3 area near MW-19S and MW-19D.
The upper aquifer is separated from a lower aquifer by a lean to fat clay associated with the Pungo
River Formation. The clay is thinnest from near the center of Phase 3 to the northeast and then north
to MW-16S, MW-16SR and MW-16D. In general, the clay unit is represented by blue/gray fat clay,
and grades to gray lean clay with sand lenses and partings in the central to eastern portion of the
Phase 3 cell.

The Pungo River Formation is Miocene in age and consists mainly of marine fat clay to silty clay,
which represents a regressive marine sequence that grades from sandy clay to silty sand at the
bottom of the formation (Harris, 1991). The Pungo River Formation is found at a depth of 7 to 18
feet below ground surface beneath the Phase 3 expansion area. In the vicinity of the Phase 3
expansion area, the elevation for the top of the Pungo River Formation exhibits undulating
characteristics ranging in elevation from 28.1 to 39.6 feet above mean sea level. The variation in the
elevation for the top of the Pungo River Formation in the Phase 3 expansion area appears to be due
to a buried westerly sloping paleo channel that is incised into the Pungo River Formation. The
channel appears to run northeast from the area near PZ-28 towards MW-17S and MW-17D.

The lower aquifer (deep aquifer) is middle to upper Eocene in age and is part of the Castle Hayne
Formation. It consists of a combination of coquina, weakly cemented calcarenite, and quartz sands.
The formation is consistent throughout the Phase 3 area with little lateral variation. In general, the
material becomes denser with depth.

The landfill and surrounding area is relatively flat with less than 10 feet of natural relief. No natural
drainages are present on site. Constructed ditches provide surface drainage. These ditches are
approximately 3 to 6 feet deep and 4 to 10 feet wide and were constructed as part of tree farming
activities that once took place at the site. Very little to no flow has been observed in these ditches,
which appear to serve as water retention features based on field observations. Larger drainage
ditches present at the Closed Craven County Landfill, Tuscarora Landfill, and surrounding the Phase
3 expansion area are for erosion and sediment control. These ditches appear to intercept the water
table and contain water throughout the year. All of these drainage features discharge to a small
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
3

perennial stream located northeast of the site. This stream flows southeast to Jumping Run, a
tributary of Bachelor Creek.

1.3 Groundwater Flow Regime
Monitoring well construction data are presented in Table 1, and the boring logs for site monitoring
wells are included in Appendix A. Historical groundwater elevation data from the facility are
presented in Tables 2, 3, and 4. The upper aquifer extends to a maximum depth of approximately
17.5 feet below ground surface. The top of the water table in this area has ranged from 0 to 3.4 feet
below ground surface.

The groundwater potentiometric surface for the upper aquifer based on water level data acquired on
April 8-9, 2015 is shown on Drawing 1. The general groundwater flow direction is to the southeast
and northeast. This is consistent with a surface water drainage that makes its way to the southeast
toward Jumping Run, located outside the facility boundary.

The groundwater potentiometric surface for the lower aquifer based on water level data acquired on
April 8-9, 2015 is shown on Drawing 2. The lower aquifer has a general groundwater flow direction
to the southeast; however, the flow direction around the northeastern portion of the Closed IRL,
Phases 1 and 2 of the LTR Landfill, and the majority of the Phase 3 area is radial towards the west
during times of active pumping of the groundwater out of excavations in the borrow area.
Groundwater also flows towards the southeast from the central to southeastern portion of the Closed
IRL and the eastern portion of the Phase 3 area.

Horizontal hydraulic gradients for the Tuscarora Landfill were calculated using groundwater flow
line segments, which are positioned perpendicular to the groundwater surface contours for the upper
aquifer (Drawing 1) and the lower aquifer (Drawing 2). Three groundwater flow line segments (i1,
i2, and i3) were used to calculate the horizontal hydraulic gradients for the upper aquifer. Two
groundwater flow line segments (i4, i5,) were used to calculate the horizontal hydraulic gradients for
the lower aquifer. Average horizontal gradients for each of the groundwater flow line segments,
along with available site-specific values for hydraulic conductivity and porosity were used to
estimate linear groundwater flow velocities. Average linear groundwater flow velocities for wells
were computed using the following modified Darcy equation:

V = Ki/n

where V = average linear velocity (feet/day), K = hydraulic conductivity (feet/day), i = horizontal
hydraulic gradient, and n = effective porosity. Average hydraulic conductivities of 0.567 and 5.39
feet/day were assumed for the upper and lower aquifers, respectively, based on slug tests performed
at the site. Effective porosities of 0.17 and 0.25 were used for the upper and lower aquifers,
respectively, based on laboratory soil analyses from the site. The modified Darcy equation is
based on assumptions of homogeneity and of isotropic, porous media. Because of the assortment of
soil types in the upper aquifer and different degrees of consolidation in the lower aquifer, the
calculated velocities are considered approximate.

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
4

Data for, and calculations of, the horizontal gradients and linear flow velocities for April 8-9, 2015
water level readings in the upper and lower aquifers are presented in Tables 5 and 6, respectively.
The calculated horizontal gradients from the groundwater flow line segments for the upper aquifer at
the Tuscarora Landfill range from approximately 0.0026 to 0.0036 foot/foot and the calculated linear
groundwater velocities range from approximately 0.009 feet/day to 0.012 feet/day. The calculated
horizontal gradients from the groundwater flow line segments for the lower aquifer at the Tuscarora
Landfill range from approximately 0.0082 to 0.0185 foot/foot and calculated linear groundwater
velocities range from approximately 0.177 feet/day to 0.399 feet/day.

2.0 GROUNDWATER MONITORING
The groundwater monitoring network is designed to monitor for potential releases to the upper
aquifer at the Tuscarora Landfill. The network is also designed to monitor the lower aquifer at the
facility due to the relatively thin hydrogeologic unit that serves as the upper aquifer and the potential
for groundwater recharge of the lower aquifer through the aquitard that separates the aquifers.
Groundwater monitoring for Tuscarora Landfill will be performed in accordance with 15A NCAC
13B .1633 (Detection Monitoring Program). The monitoring well network is shown on Drawing 3.
A summary of well construction data for the compliance wells is provided on Table 1, and the
available boring logs for the compliance wells are included in Appendix A. Survey data for the
monitoring wells is included in Appendix B. The monitoring well network is designed to monitor
sufficiently for any potential releases from each of the disposal units and the leachate storage lagoon.

The existing monitoring wells will be used and maintained in accordance with design specifications
throughout the life of the monitoring program. The specifications are outlined in 15A NCAC
Subchapter 2C, Section .0100. Further guidance is provided in the Draft North Carolina Water
Quality Monitoring Guidance Document for Solid Waste Facilities; Solid Waste Section, Division of
Solid Waste Management; Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources (March
1995), and the Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling
(April 2008). Routine well maintenance will include inspection and correction/repair of, as
necessary, identification labels, concrete apron condition, locking caps and locks, and access to the
wells. Should it be determined that the background or a compliance monitoring well no longer
provides samples representative of the quality of groundwater passing the relevant point of
compliance, the DWM will be notified. CRSWMA will re-evaluate the monitoring network, and
provide recommendations to the DWM for modifying, rehabilitating, abandoning, or installing
replacement or additional monitoring wells, as appropriate.

2.1 Groundwater Monitoring Network – Upper Aquifer
A summary of the proposed monitoring network associated with the landfill and the leachate holding
ponds for the upper aquifer is provided below. Well Construction details are provided in Table 1
and the well locations are shown on Drawing 2 and 3.

Existing monitoring wells LST-5S, IRL-1S, and MW-12S are the background monitoring wells for
the upper aquifer at the facility. Downgradient monitoring wells MW-A, IRL-3S, IRL-4S, and
IR-5S monitor groundwater from the IRL. Downgradient monitoring wells MW-7, MW-10, MW-
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
5

11S, MW-13S, and MW-14R monitor groundwater from Phases 1 and 2 of the LTR Landfill (MW-7
is also downgradient of the Leachate Storage Lagoon Area). Monitoring wells MW-15S, MW-16S,
MW-17S, MW-18S, and MW-19S monitor groundwater from the Phase 3 of the LTR Landfill.
Monitoring wells LST-1S, LST-2S, LST-3S, LST-4S, and LST-6S monitor groundwater from the
Leachate Storage Lagoon Area. Monitoring wells IRL-2SA, MW-B, MW-8, and piezometer PZ-Z
will be used to obtain groundwater elevation data for the upper aquifer.

2.2 Groundwater Monitoring Network – Lower Aquifer
A summary of the proposed monitoring network associated with the landfill and the leachate holding
ponds for the lower aquifer is provided below. Well Construction details are provided in Table 1
and the well locations are shown on Drawing 2 and 3.

Existing monitoring well MW-13D is the background monitoring well for the lower aquifer at the
facility. Downgradient monitoring wells IRL-1D, IRL-3D, IRL-4D, and IRL-5D will monitor
groundwater from the IRL. Downgradient monitoring wells MW-11D, MW-7D, MW-8D, MW-
20D, and MW-21D monitor groundwater from Phases 1 and 2 of the LTR Landfill. Monitoring
wells MW-12D, MW-15D, MW-16D, MW-17D, MW-18D, and MW-19D monitor groundwater
from the Phase 3 area. Monitoring wells LST-1D, LST-2D, LST-5D, and LST-6D monitor
groundwater from the Leachate Storage Lagoon Area. Wells IRL-2DA, LST-3D, and LST-4D will
be used to obtain groundwater elevation data for the lower aquifer.

2.3 Groundwater Sampling Methodology
Groundwater samples will be collected in accordance with Solid Waste Management Rules 15A
NCAC 13B .1630 through .1633 and guidance provided in the Draft North Carolina Water Quality
Monitoring Guidance Document for Solid Waste Facilities; Solid Waste Section, Division of Solid
Waste Management; Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources (March 1995), and
the Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling (April
2008). Details of well purging, sample withdrawal, and decontamination methods, as well as chain-
of-custody procedures are outlined below.

Static water elevations and the total well depth will be measured to the nearest 0.01 of a foot in each
well prior to the sampling of each well. An electronic water level meter will be used for the
measurements. The distance from the top of the well casing to the water surface will be measured
using the tape attached to the probe. Reference elevations of the proposed wells have been obtained
from a North Carolina registered land surveyor (see Appendix B).

A low-yield well (one that is incapable of yielding three well volumes within a reasonable time) will
be purged so that water is removed from the bottom of the screened interval. Low-yield wells will
be evacuated to dryness once, and then allowed to recover prior to sampling.

A high-yield well (one that is capable of yielding more than three well volumes during purging) will
be purged so that water is drawn down from the uppermost part of the water column to ensure that
fresh water from the formation will move upward in the screen. At no time will a well be evacuated
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
6

to dryness if the recharge rate causes the formation water to vigorously cascade down the sides of
the screen, which could cause an accelerated loss of volatiles.

A minimum of three well volumes will be evacuated from high-yield wells prior to sampling. A
well volume is defined as the water contained within the well casing and pore spaces of the
surrounding filter pack. The well volume will be calculated using the following formulas:

Vc = (dc2/4) x3.14 x hw x (7.48 gallons/cubic foot)
Vc (gallons) = 0.163 x hw (for a 2-inch well)
where:
Vc = volume in the well casing in gallons
dc = casing diameter in feet (dc = 0.167 for a 2-inch well)
hw = height of the water column in feet (i.e., well depth minus depth to water).

Each well will be evacuated (purged) and sampled with a disposable bailer, a sampling pump, or a
certified pre-cleaned reusable Teflon bailer. The SWS Guidelines Teflon Bailer Cleaning Procedure
is included in Appendix C. The bailer or pump will be lowered gently into the well to minimize the
possibility of causing degassing of the water. If sampled with a pump, flow rates will be regulated
to minimize turbidity and degassing of the water.

All equipment used for sampling will be handled in such a manner to ensure that the equipment
remains decontaminated prior to use. In between wells and following completion of the field
sampling, water level meters, sampling pumps, reusable bailers, or any other reusable sampling
equipment will be properly decontaminated. Clean disposable gloves will be worn by sampling
personnel and changed between wells.

Before sampling the first well, between wells, and following completion of the field sampling, the
electronic depth meter, sampling pump, and/or any other sampling equipment will be
decontaminated using the following procedure.

1) Phosphate-free soap and distilled water wash;
2) Distilled water rinse;
3) Air dry.

The use of any additional SWS-approved cleaning reagents for decontamination rinses in the field,
such as lab grade methanol, shall be containerized for proper disposal in accordance with SWS
Guidelines.

The upgradient/background wells will be sampled first, followed by the downgradient wells. The
order of sampling of the downgradient wells will be evaluated prior to each sampling event to
provide a sequence going from less contaminated to more contaminated, if applicable, based on the
previous sampling event.

Field measurements of temperature, pH, and specific conductance will be made before sample
collection. The direct reading equipment used at each well will be calibrated according to the
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
7

manufacturer's specifications prior to each sampling event. Groundwater samples will be collected
and containerized in the order of the volatilization sensitivity (e.g., VOCs first, followed by the
metals).

Pre-preserved sample containers will be supplied by the laboratory. The VOC vials will be filled in
such a manner that no headspace remains after filling. Immediately upon collection, all samples will
be placed in coolers on ice where they will be stored prior to and during transit to the laboratory.

Samples collected will be properly containerized, packed into pre-cooled coolers and either
hand-delivered or shipped via overnight courier to the laboratory for analysis. The chain-of-custody
program will allow for tracing of possession and handling of samples from the time of field
collection through laboratory analysis. The chain-of-custody program will include sample labels and
seals, field logs, chain-of-custody records, and laboratory logs.

Labels sufficiently durable to remain legible when wet will contain the following information:

 Job and sample identification;
 Monitoring well number or other location;
 Date and time of collection;
 Name of collector;
 Parameter or method to be analyzed; and
 Preservative, if applicable.

The shipping container will be sealed to ensure that the samples have not been disturbed during
transport to the laboratory. If the sample cannot be analyzed because of damage or disturbance,
whenever possible, the damaged sample will be replaced during the same compliance period.

The field logs will be completed for each well sampled. Example field logs are included in
Appendix C. Field logs will document the following information:
 Identification of the well;
 Well depth;
 Static water level depth;
 Presence of immiscible layers, odors or other indications of potential contamination;
 Purge volume (given in gallons);
 Time well was purged;
 Date and time of collection;
 Well sampling sequence;
 Field analysis data and methods;
 Field observations on sampling event;
 Name of collector(s);
 Climatic conditions (temperature, precipitation).

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
8

The chain-of-custody record is required to establish the documentation necessary to trace sample
possession from time of collection to time of receipt at destination. A chain-of-custody record will
accompany each individual shipment. The record will contain the following information:

 Sample destination and transporter;
 Sample identification numbers;
 Signature of collector;
 Date and time of collection;
 Sample type;
 Identification of well;
 Number of sample containers in shipping container;
 Parameters requested for analysis;
 Signature of person(s) involved in the chain of possession;
 Inclusive dates of possession; and
 Internal temperature of shipping container upon opening (noted by the laboratory).

A copy of the completed chain-of-custody sheet will accompany the shipment and will be returned
to the shipper with the analytical results. The chain of custody record will also be used as the
analysis request sheet. Example Chain-of-custody forms are included in Appendix C.

A field/equipment blank will be collected and analyzed during each sampling event to verify that the
sample collection and handling processes have not affected the integrity of the field samples. The
field/equipment blank will be prepared in the field from lab pure water (Type II reagent grade
distilled water) supplied by the laboratory. The lab will provide appropriate sample containers and
water for generation of the field/equipment blank(s). One field/equipment blank will be prepared for
each sampling event.

The field/equipment blank will be generated by exposing the lab pure water to the sampling
environment and sampling equipment/media in the same manner as actual field samples being
collected. The field/equipment blank water will accompany the samplers to each well or sampling
point and will be exposed to the atmosphere at each well or sampling point as each is being sampled.
If disposable bailers are used, the bailers will be decontaminated as between wells, and then the
field/equipment blank will be poured into the same bailer used to samples wells and dispensed into
the sample containers from the bailer. The field/equipment blank will be the last sample collected
during a sampling event.

The field/equipment blank will be subjected to the same analyses as the groundwater samples. As
with all other samples, the time(s) of the field/equipment blank collection will be recorded so that
the sampling sequence is documented. The field/equipment blank monitors for contamination from
the sampling equipment/media, or from cross-contamination that might occur between samples and
sample containers as they are opened and exposed to the sampling environment.

Whenever groundwater or surface water samples are being collected for volatiles analyses, a trip
blank will be generated by the laboratory prior to shipment of sampling containers and coolers to the
field using lab pure water as described above. The trip blank shall be transported with the empty
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
9

sampling containers to the field, but will not be opened at any time prior to analysis at the
laboratory. The trip blank will accompany the groundwater samples in the cooler(s) back to the
laboratory and will be analyzed by the same volatile methods as the associated field samples. The
trip blank monitors for potential cross-contamination that might occur between samples or that may
be a result of the shipping environment.

Detectable levels of contaminants found in the field/equipment blanks or trip blanks will not be used
to correct the groundwater data, but will be noted accordingly. Contaminants detected in
groundwater or surface water that are also detected in the field/equipment blanks or trip blanks at
similar concentrations may be flagged as blank-qualified. Contaminants present in trip blanks or
field/equipment blanks at concentrations within an order of magnitude of those observed in the
corresponding groundwater samples may be cause for resampling.

2.4 Sample Analysis Requirements
Analysis of groundwater and surface water samples from the facility will be conducted by a
laboratory certified by the DEQ. Analyses will be performed in accordance with U.S. EPA SW-846
methods. Both groundwater and surface water samples will be analyzed for the constituents listed in
NCSWMR Appendix I in accordance with 15A NCAC 13B .1633 (Detection Monitoring Program).
In addition, field analyses for temperature, pH, and specific conductance will be performed for each
sample. Appendix D includes a table of all Appendix I and Appendix II constituents with their
respective analytical methods, CAS numbers, NCDEQ Solid Waste Section Limits (SWSL), 15A
NCAC 2L.0202 (NC 2L) groundwater standards, and/or SWS groundwater protection standards
(GWPS). Appendix D also includes a table of 15A NCAC 2B (NC 2B) Surface Water Standards.

Untreated leachate generated by the Tuscarora Landfill will be analyzed on a semiannual basis,
concurrent with water quality sampling. The leachate will be analyzed for the constituents listed in
NCSWMR Appendix I (Detection Monitoring constituents) as well as pH, specific conductance,
BOD, COD, phosphate, nitrate and sulfate.

2.5 Reporting and Record Keeping
The laboratory analytical results will be submitted to the Solid Waste Section at least semiannually.
The following measurements, analytical data, calculations, and other relevant groundwater
monitoring records will be kept throughout the active life of the facility and the post-closure care
period:
 Records of all groundwater and surface water quality data;
 Associated sample collection field logs and measurements at the time of sample collection;
 Notices and reports of exceedances of NC 2L Standards, GWPS, and/or NC 2B Standards;
and/or
 Reporting or data errors, missing data, etc.

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
10

3.0 COMPARISONS TO STANDARDS
3.1 Comparison to Groundwater Protection Standards (GPS)
Constituents detected in the groundwater samples collected from the compliance well network shall
be compared to the appropriate GPS for that constituent in accordance with NCSWMR §.1634.g.
The comparison will be performed using a value-to-value procedure. If a suspect GPS exceedance
is noted during the value-to-value comparison, a confirmation sample may be collected. The results
from a confirmation sample will be compared to the GPS in a value-to-value comparison, or the
value may be statistically compared to background.

In most cases, the GPS will be equal to the Groundwater Standard established for a given constituent
in 15A NCAC 2L.0202 (NC-2L Standards). For constituents without listed NC-2L Standards, the
groundwater protection standards (GWPS) established by the NCDEQ SWS may be used. In the
event that a site-specific statistical background value can be established for a given constituent
which is higher that the NC-2L standard, GWPS, or other appropriate listed standard, the
background may be used as the GPS with DENR approval.

3.2 Statistical Analyses
With the April 2011 revision to the NCSWMR, routine statistical comparison to background for all
detected constituents is no longer required for landfills regulated under §.1600 of the NCSWMR;
however, statistical analyses may be used to establish an alternate GPS for constituents with the
approval of the DENR if desired by the facility.

If the facility elects to use statistical analyses to determine background values for a give constituent,
the facility may use either interwell or intrawell statistics. If an interwell approach is taken,
concentrations of detected of constituents in downgradient wells will be compared to statistically
determined background values for those constituents. Background values will be based primarily on
historical data from upgradient wells LST-5S, IRL-1S, MW-12S, and MW-13D; however,
background data from downgradient wells that were collected prior to waste emplacement may also
be included. Background data shall be evaluated using Parametric Prediction Limits, Parametric
Tolerance Intervals, Non-Parametric Prediction Limits, or Poisson Prediction Limits as appropriate.
Tests for normality, outliers, Aitchison’s adjustment, tolerance intervals, or prediction limits are to
be included as appropriate based on the background data.

Intrawell statistics compare new measurements to the historical data at each ground water
monitoring well independently. Intrawell statistical evaluation may be conducted by using historical
data from the well in question, excluding the most recent 3-4 years (6-8 sampling events) as the
background data. These background data can be evaluated using Parametric Prediction Limits,
Parametric Tolerance Intervals, Non-Parametric Prediction Limits, or Poisson Prediction Limits as
appropriate. Tests for normality, outliers, Aitchison’s adjustment, tolerance intervals, or prediction
limits are to be included as appropriate based on the background data.

Statistical analyses shall be conducted in compliance with the United States Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) guidance document, Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Monitoring Data
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
11

at RCRA Facilities, Unified Guidance (USEPA, 2009). The background data are to be evaluated
using Parametric Prediction Limits, Parametric Tolerance Intervals, Non-Parametric Prediction
Limits, or Poisson Prediction Limits as appropriate. Tests for normality, outliers, Aitchison’s
adjustment, tolerance intervals, or prediction limits are to be included as appropriate based on the
background data. The statistical test by which downgradient data are compared to facility
background data is based upon the nature of the data and the number of data values that are less than
the laboratory limit of detection. All statistical tests are evaluated at the 0.05 level of significance,
95% confidence level, and are conducted as one-tailed tests. These methods and the criteria for their
use are discussed below.

3.2.1 Treatment of Censored Data
Generally, background data are censored as follows. When less than or equal to 15% of the
background data values are less than the applicable reporting limit or quantitation limit (generally,
the SWSL), any data reported at less than the applicable limit will be treated as one-half the limit.

3.2.2 Assumption of Normality
Prior to conducting statistical tests that are based on the assumption of normally distributed data,
normality of the background data shall be evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk statistic (W). Normality
shall be assessed at the 95% confidence level. In the event that the raw data fail to follow a normal
distribution, the data shall be transformed using a base-10 logarithm. The transformed data shall
then be tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk statistic. In the event that the log-transformed
data also fail to follow a normal distribution, a non-parametric approach shall be applied.

3.2.3 Parametric Upper Tolerance Limit
When the background data consist of a minimum of eight independent data values and less than or
equal to 15% of the background data values are less than the DL for a given analyte, the
downgradient values are then compared to the parametric upper tolerance limit in accordance with
the procedure summarized in the EPA guidance document (USEPA, 2009).

3.2.4 Aitchison’s Adjusted Parametric Upper Prediction Limit
In those cases where the background data consist of a minimum of eight independent data values and
more than 15%, but less than or equal to 50%, of the background data values are truncated (below
than the DL) for a given analyte, the mean and standard deviation are adjusted. This is done in
accordance with the procedure described by Aitchison and summarized in the EPA guidance
document (USEPA, 2009). After the adjustments are made, the downgradient values are compared
to the Aitchison’s adjusted parametric upper prediction limit in accordance with the procedures
summarized in the EPA guidance document (USEPA, 2009).

3.2.5 Non-parametric Upper Tolerance Limit
In those cases where more than 50%, but less than or equal to 90%, of the background data values
are truncated (below than the DL) for a given analyte or the background data fail to follow a normal
or log-normal distribution, downgradient values are compared to the non-parametric upper tolerance
limit. This procedure is done in accordance with the procedures summarized in the EPA guidance
document (USEPA, 2009).

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
12

3.2.6 Poisson Upper Prediction Limit
In those cases where more than 90% of the background data values are truncated (below than the
DL) for a given analyte, the downgradient values are compared to the Poisson upper prediction limit.
These comparisons are made in accordance with the procedure summarized in the EPA guidance
document (USEPA, 2009).

4.0 SURFACE WATER MONITORING
CRSWMA monitors surface water in conformance with NCSWMR Rule .0602 at existing surface
water monitoring points SWPT-1 and SWPT-2 and at existing underdrain monitoring points UD-2
and UD-3. SWPT-1 is located approximately 200 feet from the southeastern corner of the Interim
Regional Landfill and is considered upgradient of SWPT-2, which is located approximately 100 ft
east of the northeast corner of the IRL. Underdrain monitoring point UD-1, located approximately
1050 feet east of the northeast corner of the IRL, is not monitored due to its location downgradient
of the Closed Craven County Landfill because samples collected would not be representative of the
Tuscarora Landfill. Underdrain monitoring point UD-2 is located approximately 150 feet from the
southeast corner of the LTR Landfill and is to provide linear release detection data for Phases 1 & 2
of the LTR Landfill. Underdrain monitoring point UD-3 is located approximately 300 feet from the
northeast corner of the Phase 3 Expansion Area and is to provide linear release detection data for the
Phase 3 of the LTR Landfill. The location of these sampling points is provided on Drawing 3.

Surface water samples will be collected and analyzed for the NCSWMR Appendix I list of
constituents during the semiannual monitoring events. The results will be compared to 15A NCAC
2B (NC-2B) Surface Water Standards in a value-to-value comparison. For this facility, NC-2B
Standard used for comparison shall be either the Human Health Standard or the Freshwater Aquatic
Life Standard, whichever is more protective. Appendix D includes NC-2B Surface Water Standards
for NC Appendix I and II Constituents.

5.0 ABILITY TO EFFECTIVELY MONITOR RELEASES
The closed Craven County Landfill is located adjacent to and east of the Tuscarora Landfill. The
IRL waste cell and the southeastern corner of Phase1 of the LTR landfill are immediately adjacent to
the Craven County Landfill. Monitoring wells IRL-4S, IRL-4D, IRL-5S, IRL-5D, and MW-11D
monitor the groundwater between the Tuscarora landfill and the Craven County landfill.

The groundwater flow for the upper aquifer is generally to the southeast, toward the Craven County
Landfill. The lower aquifer has a general groundwater flow direction to the southeast; however, the
flow direction around the northeastern portion of the IRL, Phases 1 and 2, and the majority of Phase
3 is radial towards the west due to pumping of groundwater in the borrow area. Groundwater also
flows towards the southeast from the central to southeastern portion of the IRL and the eastern
portion of the Phase 3 expansion area.

Due to its downgradient location in both the upper and lower aquifers, the closed Craven County
Landfill will not detract from the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring network for the
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
13

Tuscarora Landfill. There are no other known conditions, physical or hydrogeological, which could
interfere with the effective monitoring of the Tuscarora Landfill.

The groundwater monitoring system, which is designed to detect a release of solid waste constituents
to the upper and lower aquifers at the facility, meets the monitoring requirements specified under
Rules .1630 through .1637 of the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules, Title 15A, and
Subchapter 13B. This Water Quality Monitoring Plan, when implemented, will be effective in
providing early detection of any release of hazardous constituents to the upper and lower aquifers
beneath the Tuscarora Landfill, so as to be protective of public health and the environment.

6.0 REFERENCES
Barnett, V. and Lewis, T., 1978, Outliers in Statistical Data, John Wiley & Sons.

Bouwer, H. and Rice, R.C., 1976, A slug test for determining hydraulic conductivity of unconfined
aquifers with completely or partially penetrating wells; Water Resources Research,
American Geophysical Union, pp. 423-428, June 1976.

Bouwer, H., 1989, The Bouwer and Rice slug test-an update; Ground Water, vol. 27, No. 3, May-
June, pp. 304 - 309.

Brown, Philip M., Chief Geologist, 1985, Geologic Map of North Carolina, The North Carolina
Geologic Survey, scale 1:500,000.

Fetter, C.W., 2001, Applied Hydrogeology, Fourth Edition: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Harris, W. Burleigh and Zullo, Victor A., 1991, Eocene and Oligocene stratigraphy of the Outer
Coastal Plain, in Horton, J. W., Jr., and Zullo, V. A., eds., The Geology of the Carolinas:
Carolina Geological Society Fiftieth Anniversary Volume: The University of Tennessee
Press, p. 251-262.

HDR Engineering, Inc., 1995, Site Study: The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill; The Coastal
Regional Solid Waste Management Authority, Craven County, North Carolina, November
1995.

HDR Engineering, Inc., 1997, Construction Permit Application: Phase I The Tuscarora Long-Term
Regional Landfill: The Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority, Tuscarora,
North Carolina, March 1997.

Johnson, A.I., 1967, Specific Yield - Compilation of Specific Yields For Various Materials: U.S.
Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1662-D.

Joyce Engineering, Inc. (JOYCE), 2003, Design Hydrogeological Report and Groundwater
Monitoring Plan, Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill Phase 2 Expansion, July 2003.

Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
14

McKim & Creed, P.A., 1997, The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill: Subtitle D Landfill
Construction Plan Application Modification For The Coastal Regional Solid Waste
Management Authority, Tuscarora, North Carolina, March 1997.

McKim & Creed, P.A., 1999, The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill: Subtitle D Landfill Site
Application Modification For The Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority,
Tuscarora, North Carolina, September 1999.

North Carolina Dept. Environment, Health, and Natural Resources (NCDEHNR), 1995, N.C. Water
Quality Monitoring Guidance Document for Solid Waste Facilities, March.

North Carolina Dept. Environment, Health, and Natural Resources (NCDEHNR) Division of Waste
Management, Solid Waste Section, 2008, Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater,
Soil, and Surface Water Sampling, Rev.4-08, April.

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR), 2011. North
Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules. 15 NCAC 13B. Amended April 2011.

United Stated Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2009. Statistical Analysis of
Groundwater Monitoring Data at RCRA Facilities, Unified Guidance. EPA 530/R-09-007.
March 2009.

USEPA, 1986, RCRA Ground Water Monitoring Technical Enforcement Guidance Document
(TEGD).

USEPA, 1992, Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Monitoring Data at RCRA Facilities, Addendum
to Interim Final Guidance, Chapter 2, July 1992.

7.0 ACRONYMS
ACM Assessment of Corrective Measures (Report)
AMSL Above Mean Sea Level
BGS Below Ground Surface
C&D Construction and Demolition Waste
CAP Corrective Action Plan (Report)
CAER Corrective Action Evaluation Report (Report)
CAMP Corrective Action Monitoring Plan (Report)
CAS Chemical Abstracts Service
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
COC Constituent of Concern (for corrective action)
COC Chain of Custody (for sampling and lab reports)
DL Detection Limit (for laboratory data)
DO Dissolved Oxygen
EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill Revised December 2015
15

GWPS Groundwater Protection Standards (Established by NC-SWS)
JEI Joyce Engineering, Inc.
LFG Landfill Gas
MNA Monitored Natural Attenuation
MSW Municipal Solid Waste
NC-2B North Carolina Surface Water Standards found in 15A NCAC 2B
NC-2L North Carolina Groundwater Standards found in 15A NCAC 2L
NCAC North Carolina Administrative Code
NCDENR North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (now NCDEQ)
NCDEQ North Carolina Department of Environment Quality (formerly NCDENR)
NCGS North Carolina Geological Survey
NCSWMR North Carolina Solid Waste Management Regulations (15A NCAC 13B.1600)
ND Not detected (for laboratory data)
NES Nature and Extent Study (Report)
O&M Operations and Maintenance
PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride
QL Quantitation Limit (for laboratory data)
QRA Quantitative Risk Assessment (Report)
RL Reporting Limit (for laboratory data)
RQD Rock Quality Designation
SPT Standard Penetration Test
SWQS Surface Water Quality Standards
SWS Solid Waste Section (of NCDEQ-Division of Waste Management)
SWSL North Carolina Solid Waste Section Reporting Limits
TOC Top of Casing (of a well)
USCS Unified Soil Classification System
USGS United States Geological Survey
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
WQMP Water Quality Monitoring Plan (Report)
WQMR Water Quality Monitoring Report (Report)

Tables

Table 1 Monitoring Well Network and Construction Details
Table 2 Summary of Groundwater Elevations Leachate Storage Lagoon Area
Table 3 Summary of Groundwater Elevations Closed Interim Regional Landfill
Table 4 Summary of Groundwater Elevations Tuscarora LTR Landfill Phases 1 - 3
Table 5 Hydraulic Gradients and Linear Flow Velocities for the Upper (Shallow) Aquifer
Table 6 Hydraulic Gradients and Linear Flow Velocities for the Lower (Deep) Aquifer

TABLE 1
Monitoring Well Network and Construction Details
Depth Elevation
(feet B.G.S.) (feet M.S.L.) from to from to
LST-1S 24-Jun-93 2 48.59 50.92 13.5 35.09 3.5 13.5 45.09 35.09 Upper Compliance Well
LST-1D 24-Jun-93 2 48.61 50.92 33.7 14.91 23.7 33.7 24.91 14.91 Lower Compliance Well
LST-2S 24-Jun-93 2 48.56 51.00 12.3 36.26 7.3 12.3 41.26 36.26 Upper Compliance Well
LST-2D 24-Jun-93 2 48.78 50.94 31.8 16.98 21.8 31.8 26.98 16.98 Lower Compliance Well
LST-3S 25-Jun-93 2 49.53 52.17 15.7 33.83 5.7 15.7 43.83 33.83 Upper Compliance Well
LST-3D 24-Jun-93 2 49.30 51.87 33.0 16.30 23.0 33.0 26.30 16.30 Lower Water Levels Only
LST-4S 25-Jun-93 2 49.00 51.38 15.8 33.20 5.8 15.8 43.20 33.20 Upper Compliance Well
LST-4D 24-Jun-93 2 48.87 51.56 33.7 15.17 23.7 33.7 25.17 15.17 Lower Water Levels Only
LST-5S 28-Jun-93 2 50.22 52.37 14.6 35.62 4.6 14.6 45.62 35.62 Upper Background
LST-5D 28-Jun-93 2 50.13 52.27 36.9 13.23 26.9 36.9 23.23 13.23 Lower Compliance Well
LST-6S 28-Jun-93 2 49.08 51.23 15.1 33.98 5.1 15.1 43.98 33.98 Upper Compliance Well
LST-6D 28-Jun-93 2 49.10 51.17 33.1 16.00 23.1 33.1 26.00 16.00 Lower Compliance Well
IRL-1S 29-Jun-93 2 48.12 50.56 15.9 32.22 5.9 15.9 42.22 32.22 Upper Background
IRL-1D 29-Jun-03 2 48.08 50.19 43.8 4.28 28.8 43.8 19.28 4.28 Lower Compliance Well
IRL-2SA 13-Jan-01 2 48.74 51.37 15.0 33.74 10.0 15.0 38.74 33.74 Upper Water Levels Only
IRL-2DA 13-Jan-01 2 48.82 51.58 39.0 9.82 23.0 28.0 25.82 20.82 Lower Water Levels Only
IRL-3S 02-Jul-93 2 45.73 49.02 13.3 32.43 8.3 13.3 37.43 32.43 Upper Compliance Well
IRL-3D 02-Jul-93 2 45.82 48.93 37.8 8.02 27.8 37.8 18.02 8.02 Lower Compliance Well
IRL-4S 02-Jul-93 2 46.11 48.34 13.0 33.11 8.0 13.0 38.11 33.11 Upper Compliance Well
IRL-4D 02-Jul-93 2 46.28 48.35 33.8 12.48 23.8 33.8 22.48 12.48 Lower Compliance Well
IRL-5S 01-Jul-93 2 46.69 48.78 12.6 34.09 7.6 12.6 39.09 34.09 Upper Compliance Well
IRL-5D 01-Jul-93 2 46.46 48.66 33.9 12.56 23.9 33.9 22.56 12.56 Lower Compliance Well
MW-A 13-Dec-00 2 44.04 46.04 20.0 24.04 15.0 20.0 29.04 24.04 Upper Compliance Well
MW-B 12-Jan-01 2 46.84 48.90 20.0 26.84 7.0 12.0 39.84 34.84 Upper Water Levels Only
PZ-Z 15-Dec-00 2 47.17 49.52 30.0 17.17 15.0 20.0 32.17 27.17 Upper Water Levels Only
MW-7 15-Jul-99 2 48.80 50.69 16.0 32.80 3.0 16.0 45.80 32.80 Upper Compliance Well
MW-7D 18-Jun-09 2 47.82 50.82 42.0 5.82 31.0 41.0 16.82 6.82 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-37)
MW-8 15-Jul-99 2 48.80 50.94 13.0 35.80 3.0 13.0 45.80 35.80 Upper Water Levels Only
MW-8D 18-Jun-09 2 47.27 50.27 36.0 11.27 25.0 35.0 22.27 12.27 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-36)
MW-10 15-Jul-99 2 45.40 47.32 15.0 30.40 3.0 13.0 42.40 32.40 Upper Compliance Well
MW-11S 15-Jul-99 2 47.70 47.67 12.1 35.60 5.0 12.0 42.70 35.70 Upper Compliance Well
MW-11D 15-Jul-99 2 45.80 47.55 35.1 10.70 25.0 35.0 20.80 10.80 Lower Compliance Well
MW-13S 21-Apr-03 2 43.73 46.21 15.0 28.73 5.0 15.0 38.73 28.73 Upper Compliance Well
MW-13D 23-Apr-03 2 43.64 45.93 40.0 3.64 23.0 33.0 20.64 10.64 Lower Background
MW-14R 04-Oct-07 2 44.13 46.98 14.0 30.13 4.0 14.0 40.13 30.13 Upper Compliance Well
MW-20D 16-Jun-09 2 46.58 49.58 35.0 11.58 23.0 33.0 23.58 13.58 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-34)
MW-21D 17-Jun-09 2 46.71 49.71 43.0 3.71 32.0 42.0 14.71 4.71 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-35)
MW-12S 09-Apr-02 2 49.10 52.12 15.0 34.10 5.0 15.0 44.10 34.10 Upper Background
MW-12D 09-Apr-02 2 48.90 51.90 35.0 13.90 25.0 35.0 23.90 13.90 Lower Compliance Well
MW-15S 22-Jun-09 2 44.20 47.20 15.0 29.20 6.0 16.0 38.20 28.20 Upper Compliance Well (PZ-15S)
MW-15D 23-Jun-09 2 44.22 47.22 38.0 6.22 27.0 37.0 17.22 7.22 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-15D)
MW-16S 10-Aug-09 2 44.25 47.25 12.0 32.25 2.0 12.0 42.25 32.25 Upper Compliance Well (PZ-16SR)
MW-16D 24-Jun-09 2 44.17 47.17 35.0 9.17 23.0 33.0 21.17 11.17 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-16D)
MW-17S 30-Jun-09 2 42.66 45.66 13.0 29.66 2.0 12.0 40.66 30.66 Upper Compliance Well (PZ-17S)
MW-17D 30-Jun-09 2 42.93 45.93 38.0 4.93 26.0 36.0 16.93 6.93 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-17D)
MW-18S 01-Jul-09 2 43.34 46.34 11.0 32.34 6.0 11.0 37.34 32.34 Upper Compliance Well (PZ-18S)
MW-18D 01-Jul-09 2 43.14 46.14 35.0 8.14 25.0 35.0 18.14 8.14 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-18D)
MW-19S 01-Jul-09 2 43.80 46.80 10.0 33.80 5.0 10.0 38.80 33.80 Upper Compliance Well (PZ-19S)
MW-19D 01-Jul-09 2 43.75 46.75 25.0 18.75 15.0 25.0 28.75 18.75 Lower Compliance Well (PZ-19D)
Notes:
1. All elevations are referenced to mean sea level (M.S.L.); depths are referenced to ground surface.
2. B.G.S. = Below ground surface.
3. M.S.L = Mean sea level.
4. T.O.C. = Top of casing.
5. Monitoring wells LST-1S, -1D, -2S, -2D, -3S, -3D, -4S, -4D, -5S, -5D, -6S, and -6D were installed by HDR Engineering, Inc.
6. Monitoring wells IRL-1S, -1D, -2S, -2D, -3S, -3D, -4S, -4D, -5S, -5D, -6S, and -6D were installed by HDR Engineering, Inc.
7. Monitoring wells MW-7, -8, -9, -10, -11S, and -11D were installed by HDR Engineering, Inc.
8. Monitoring wells MW-2SA, -2DA, -A, and -B and piezometer PZ-Z were installed by Draper Aden Associates.
9. Monitoring wells MW-12S and -12D were installed by Titan Atlantic Group.
10. Monitoring wells MW-7D, MW-8D, and MW-13S through MW-21D were installed by Joyce Engineering, Inc.
11. Monitoring wells converted from hydrologeologic piezometers are noted in the status column for correlation with well bore logs in appendix A.
Tu
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l

P
h
a
s
e

3

Total Boring Depth
Elev. (feet M.S.L.)
Casing
Diameter
(inches)
Area
Le
a
c
h
a
t
e

S
t
o
r
a
g
e

L
a
g
o
o
n

A
r
e
a
Clo
s
e
d

I
n
t
e
r
i
m

R
e
g
i
o
n
a
l

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Ground
Surface
Screened Interval of Well
Tu
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l

P
h
a
s
e
s

1

&

2
Current Status
Well or
Piezometer
ID
Date Installed
Screened
Interval
Aquifer
TOC
Well Elevations
(feet above M.S.L.)
Depth (feet B.G.S.)
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill
Permit Nos. 25-04 25-09
Joyce Engineering
December 2015
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS
C.R.S.W.M.A. TUSCARORA LF - LEACHATE STORAGE AREA
Background
LST-5S LST-1S LST-1D LST-2S LST-2D LST-3S LST-3D LST-4S LST-4D LST-5D LST-6S LST-6D
Well TOC Elev.52.37 50.92 50.92 51.00 50.94 52.17 51.87 51.38 51.56 52.27 51.23 51.17
Well Depth 16.12 15.32 34.99 14.59 33.25 17.93 34.69 17.85 36.16 39.11 16.61 34.31
Jul-93 47.21 47.48 36.53 46.95 36.79 47.01 36.85 47.12 37.02 36.68 47.11 37.42
Aug-93 46.38 45.92 35.80 45.71 35.98 45.79 35.98 45.89 36.19 35.86 45.82 36.74
Sep-93 45.91 45.54 35.03 45.63 35.48 45.04 35.27 44.25 34.96 34.37 44.94 35.87
Sep-93 45.93 45.74 34.47 45.35 34.66 45.23 35.08 45.49 34.94 33.67 45.29 35.28
Apr-94 46.71 46.78 37.59 46.29 34.59 45.72 38.01 46.18 39.81 37.16 46.41 40.16
Oct-94 46.14 45.99 36.41 46.00 36.64 45.65 36.63 45.41 36.76 36.47 44.52 37.17
Apr-95 46.92 46.43 39.16 46.39 39.40 46.06 39.42 45.91 39.57 39.26 45.94 39.95
Oct-95 45.86 46.89 35.72 46.06 35.95 45.90 35.95 45.77 36.11 35.83 43.70 36.32
Apr-96 47.56 47.25 40.74 47.23 41.00 46.88 40.91 46.87 41.05 40.84 47.41 41.51
Oct-96 46.88 46.42 40.93 46.81 NS 46.38 NS 46.48 NS 41.05 48.06 NS
Dec-96 46.87 47.62 40.62 47.10 40.94 47.07 40.87 46.08 41.06 40.77 47.73 41.37
Apr-97 46.97 46.40 39.40 46.37 NS 46.05 NS 45.97 NS 39.51 45.89 NS
Mar-97 47.99 47.92 40.88 47.49 41.11 47.12 41.13 47.01 41.28 40.98 47.56 41.63
Oct-97 45.21 45.43 34.80 44.19 NS 45.03 NS 45.06 NS 34.83 44.09 NS
Apr-98 47.20 46.67 40.47 46.47 NS 46.54 NS 46.56 NS 40.54 46.30 41.63
Oct-98 44.65 43.89 37.00 44.10 37.19 44.44 37.22 44.42 37.35 37.06 42.24 37.57
Mar-99 46.50 45.92 39.73 46.00 39.95 46.54 40.00 46.73 40.11 39.81 45.88 40.45
Jul-99 45.86 45.34 37.48 45.37 36.64 45.53 36.75 45.33 36.80 36.55 41.58 36.96
Aug-99 44.90 45.07 34.78 45.30 34.95 45.29 35.05 45.12 35.11 34.84 40.70 35.26
Oct-99 46.97 46.37 40.52 46.86 40.76 47.97 40.85 47.96 40.94 40.62 46.35 41.24
Nov-99 45.85 45.44 39.94 45.51 40.18 46.35 40.20 45.22 40.38 40.06 44.58 40.62
Apr-00 46.87 45.97 40.09 46.04 40.35 46.50 40.42 46.39 40.56 40.27 45.59 40.82
Oct-00 45.34 44.92 39.27 45.10 39.50 45.38 39.54 45.28 39.71 40.37 43.57 39.98
Apr-01 46.85 46.11 40.30 46.14 40.49 46.37 40.56 46.27 40.65 40.39 44.93 40.95
Oct-01 45.22 44.58 36.62 44.79 36.76 44.92 36.87 44.82 36.90 36.72 42.23 37.22
Apr-02 46.47 45.97 39.22 45.98 39.43 46.07 39.51 45.93 39.64 39.29 44.25 39.93
Oct-02 45.97 45.61 35.22 45.57 35.39 45.72 35.44 45.39 35.56 35.27 42.22 35.85
Apr-03 47.04 46.33 40.39 46.37 40.61 46.61 40.68 46.66 40.80 40.51 45.38 41.11
Oct-03 47.21 46.52 40.71 46.76 40.95 46.99 41.02 47.18 41.15 40.83 45.78 41.42
15-Apr-04 47.38 46.62 40.08 46.82 40.30 47.38 40.35 47.75 40.52 40.17 45.91 40.78
14-Oct-04 46.37 45.72 39.58 44.82 39.76 45.76 39.87 45.68 39.95 39.67 44.48 40.22
05-Apr-05 46.35 46.02 40.37 46.03 40.56 46.17 40.60 46.00 40.73 40.45 44.99 40.99
27-Oct-05 46.86 42.38 41.01 46.39 41.23 46.99 41.18 47.50 41.05 41.10 45.55 41.75
21-Apr-06 46.41 46.05 40.07 45.98 40.27 46.05 40.33 45.93 40.41 40.24 44.56 40.75
12-Oct-06 46.92 46.51 40.11 46.38 40.36 46.49 40.43 46.40 40.58 40.24 44.95 40.88
26-Apr-07 46.52 46.05 39.67 45.99 39.78 46.17 40.07 46.03 40.29 39.76 44.93 40.59
10-Oct-07 43.46 43.34 34.12 42.53 34.24 41.99 34.31 41.81 34.44 34.15 41.90 34.70
03-Apr-08 46.54 46.17 38.12 46.00 38.20 46.42 38.31 46.28 38.42 38.23 44.77 38.48
28-Oct-08 45.96 45.99 34.75 45.66 34.71 45.28 34.85 45.13 34.87 34.83 43.99 34.58
08-Apr-09 45.47 46.27 34.56 46.07 34.43 46.40 34.87 46.26 34.66 34.84 44.75 33.79
27-Oct-09 45.15 45.05 30.72 44.55 30.42 44.66 30.85 44.54 30.51 30.94 43.37 29.33
08-Apr-10 46.69 46.00 33.15 45.95 32.79 46.16 33.35 46.09 32.99 33.47 44.77 31.42
13-Oct-10 46.63 45.99 31.83 45.99 31.43 46.41 32.01 46.41 31.58 32.26 44.42 29.69
27-Apr-11 46.27 45.75 30.80 45.72 30.48 45.63 30.99 45.53 30.62 31.17 44.28 28.87
20-Oct-11 46.25 46.25 30.89 46.07 30.59 46.07 31.14 46.18 30.76 31.70 44.89 29.23
26-Apr-12 46.03 45.76 30.36 45.65 30.10 45.72 30.55 45.69 30.31 30.76 44.51 28.72
16-Oct-12 46.05 45.65 30.73 45.53 30.40 45.71 31.02 45.66 30.56 31.15 44.90 28.87
11-Apr-13 46.36 46.20 29.65 45.89 29.37 45.79 30.11 45.62 29.45 30.13 44.79 27.96
30-Oct-13 45.53 45.68 28.53 45.48 28.23 44.96 28.77 44.75 28.42 28.85 44.13 26.94
09-Apr-14 48.32 46.52 30.30 46.41 29.94 46.86 30.65 46.97 30.14 30.73 45.32 28.26
22-Oct-14 47.17 46.11 39.43 45.99 39.57 46.04 39.86 45.98 39.77 39.55 44.51 39.94
08-Apr-15 46.37 46.08 40.51 46.03 40.66 46.31 40.73 46.36 40.86 40.63 44.62 41.23
NOTES:
1. All elevations are in feet above mean sea level.
2. NS = Not sampled and/or groundwater depths not measured.
DowngradientWell No.
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill
Permit Nos. 25-04 and 25-09 1 of 1 Joyce Engineering
TABLE 3
SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS
C.R.S.W.M.A. TUSCARORA INTERIM REGIONAL LANDFILL
IRL-1S IRL-1D IRL-2SA IRL-2DA IRL-3S IRL-3D IRL-4S IRL-4D IRL-5S IRL-5D MW-A MW-B PZ-Z
Well TOC Elev.50.56 50.19 51.37 51.58 49.02 48.93 48.34 48.35 48.78 48.66 46.04 48.90 49.52
Well Depth 17.73 45.20 17.68 30.95 16.40 39.22 14.99 34.64 14.62 35.42 20.40 14.90 32.35
Jul-93 46.57 36.02 NI NI 38.68 34.26 43.13 34.24 40.19 34.73 NI NI NI
Aug-93 44.94 35.46 NI NI 38.57 33.68 42.02 33.54 39.58 34.13 NI NI NI
Sep-93 44.29 34.70 NI NI 38.42 32.97 41.77 33.01 39.50 33.39 NI NI NI
Sep-93 45.07 34.42 NI NI 38.85 32.58 41.33 32.69 39.51 33.07 NI NI NI
Apr-94 45.55 38.93 NI NI 37.74 37.27 39.48 37.33 37.95 37.79 NI NI NI
Oct-94 44.90 35.97 NI NI 37.84 34.38 38.54 34.39 37.52 34.86 NI NI NI
Apr-95 45.50 38.73 NI NI 38.02 37.15 38.82 37.16 37.56 37.60 NI NI NI
Oct-95 45.12 35.41 NI NI 37.11 34.06 38.79 34.05 37.41 34.44 NI NI NI
Apr-96 46.60 40.25 NI NI 38.98 38.82 38.58 38.83 37.51 39.28 NI NI NI
Oct-96 46.12 NS NI NI 37.88 39.01 38.52 39.06 37.29 NS NI NI NI
Dec-96 47.26 40.19 NI NI 38.12 38.73 37.94 38.85 37.28 39.26 NI NI NI
Apr-97 45.35 NS NI NI 37.71 37.50 38.82 37.54 37.30 NS NI NI NI
Mar-97 46.65 40.46 NI NI 37.67 39.00 38.70 39.03 37.40 39.48 NI NI NI
Oct-97 43.40 NS NI NI 37.68 NS 38.18 32.92 37.04 NS NI NI NI
Apr-98 46.18 NS NI NI 38.05 38.57 38.51 38.62 37.52 NS NI NI NI
Oct-98 44.11 36.69 NI NI 37.52 35.32 37.78 35.38 37.23 35.79 NI NI NI
Mar-99 46.10 NS NI NI 38.35 37.95 38.35 37.99 38.18 38.39 NI NI NI
Jul-99 43.89 36.25 NI NI 38.31 35.06 39.37 35.10 38.92 35.47 NI NI NI
Aug-99 43.27 34.79 NI NI 38.18 33.34 39.37 33.41 38.96 33.75 NI NI NI
Oct-99 47.38 40.16 NI NI 41.56 38.75 40.85 38.80 40.21 39.20 NI NI NI
Nov-99 45.52 39.56 NI NI 38.70 38.16 39.21 38.23 39.29 38.65 NI NI NI
Apr-00 45.71 39.77 NI NI 39.54 38.35 39.61 38.45 39.34 38.84 NI NI NI
Oct-00 44.52 38.90 NI NI 39.76 37.43 39.46 37.52 39.45 37.94 NI NI NI
Apr-01 46.00 39.96 43.70 40.19 40.15 38.62 40.11 38.69 39.59 39.06 40.98 39.55 40.93
Oct-01 43.36 36.31 39.92 37.28 38.61 35.03 38.97 35.08 39.89 35.46 38.76 38.65 38.56
Apr-02 44.88 38.85 41.38 39.20 39.02 37.53 39.66 37.60 39.42 37.99 39.69 40.16 41.43
Oct-02 44.93 34.93 40.97 35.38 39.22 33.76 40.23 33.87 39.79 34.21 39.78 39.35 37.70
Apr-03 46.28 40.03 44.11 40.35 39.75 38.65 42.03 38.73 40.62 39.16 40.41 40.94 40.63
Oct-03 46.72 40.36 44.43 40.67 40.21 38.97 41.68 39.03 40.83 39.46 40.93 40.80 41.70
15-Apr-04 47.23 39.69 44.93 40.05 40.72 38.33 41.40 38.44 40.54 38.83 40.94 40.80 41.25
14-Oct-04 44.14 39.23 42.05 38.60 40.21 37.88 40.27 37.96 40.10 38.41 39.98 39.50 40.74
05-Apr-05 44.81 NS NS 40.33 40.21 38.56 40.13 38.66 39.92 39.12 37.79 NS 41.27
27-Oct-05 46.74 NS NS 41.01 40.88 39.18 41.16 39.31 40.44 39.70 40.67 NS 42.03
21-Apr-06 44.90 39.71 NS 39.89 40.41 38.23 40.31 38.35 40.07 38.77 40.15 NS 41.10
12-Oct-06 45.45 39.71 NS 40.00 39.80 38.28 40.86 38.37 40.18 38.79 40.58 NS 41.01
26-Apr-07 45.01 39.44 NS 39.85 39.85 38.13 40.32 38.22 40.08 38.66 40.29 NS 40.80
10-Oct-07 40.44 33.90 NS 34.20 39.19 32.54 39.06 32.65 39.05 33.02 38.21 NS 36.30
02-Apr-08 45.39 38.21 NS 38.64 40.08 37.08 39.79 37.17 39.54 37.49 40.03 NS 38.67
28-Oct-08 42.22 35.12 NS 36.03 40.24 34.70 39.69 34.76 39.27 34.93 39.88 NS 38.53
08-Apr-09 45.28 35.45 43.56 36.66 40.40 35.60 42.62 35.63 40.29 35.65 40.46 40.70 39.67
27-Oct-09 42.34 31.89 39.37 33.38 40.19 32.41 39.09 32.40 38.96 32.30 39.24 39.12 37.48
08-Apr-10 45.27 34.66 44.07 36.19 40.32 35.28 40.83 35.31 40.48 35.16 40.65 39.46 39.64
13-Oct-10 45.69 33.64 43.89 35.23 40.03 34.56 39.80 34.53 39.73 34.30 40.39 40.72 38.42
27-Apr-11 44.45 32.47 42.66 34.28 39.34 33.53 40.22 33.51 39.98 33.24 40.07 40.48 38.40
20-Oct-11 44.95 32.49 42.13 34.23 39.37 33.44 39.64 34.16 39.55 33.21 40.15 39.71 38.19
16-Oct-12 44.55 32.59 42.63 34.44 39.69 33.93 39.72 33.91 39.70 33.52 39.94 40.10 39.30
11-Apr-13 45.06 31.67 44.17 33.58 39.72 33.15 40.14 33.08 39.76 32.68 40.38 39.18 37.78
30-Oct-13 42.95 30.20 42.37 32.16 39.86 31.42 39.44 31.38 39.41 31.07 40.18 39.32 36.88
09-Apr-14 46.28 32.45 45.24 34.58 40.78 34.08 41.30 34.01 41.08 33.56 41.10 40.55 39.08
22-Oct-14 44.92 39.22 44.07 39.53 40.25 37.77 40.33 37.84 40.11 38.33 40.74 38.97 40.76
8-Apr-15 45.55 40.19 43.23 40.38 39.76 38.70 40.04 38.85 39.20 40.40 39.89 39.51 41.12
NOTES:
1. All elevations are in feet above mean sea level.
2. NS = Not sampled and/or groundwater depths not measured.
3. NI = Well/Piezometer not installed.
Background DowngradientWell No.
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfills
Permit Nos. 25-04 and 25-09 1 of 1 Joyce Engineering
TA
B
L
E

4
SU
M
M
A
R
Y

O
F

G
R
O
U
N
D
W
A
T
E
R

E
L
E
V
A
T
I
O
N
S
C
.
R
.
S
.
W
.
M
.
A
.

T
U
S
C
A
R
O
R
A

L
O
N
G
-
T
E
R
M

R
E
G
I
O
N
A
L

L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L
MW
-
1
2
S

M
W
-
1
2
D

M
W
-
7

M
W
-
7
D

M
W
-
8

M
W
-
8
D

M
W
-
9

M
W
-
1
0

M
W
-
1
1
S

M
W
-
1
1
D

M
W
-
1
3
S

M
W
-
1
3
D

M
W
-
1
4
R

M
W
-
1
5
S

M
W
-
1
5
D

M
W
-
1
6
S
R
MW-16D

M
W
-
1
7
S

M
W
-
1
7
D

M
W
-
1
8
S

M
W
-
1
8
D

M
W
-
1
9
S

M
W
-
1
9
D

M
W
-
2
0
D

M
W
-
2
1
D
We
l
l

T
O
C

E
l
e
v
.
52
.
1
2

5
1
.
9
0

5
0
.
6
9

5
0
.
8
2

5
0
.
9
4

5
0
.
2
7

5
3
.
1
1

4
7
.
3
2

4
7
.
6
7

4
7
.
5
5

4
6
.
2
1

4
5
.
9
3

4
6
.
9
8

4
7
.
2
0

4
7
.
2
2

4
7
.
2
5

4
7
.
1
7

4
5
.
6
6

4
5
.
9
3

4
6
.
3
4

4
6
.
1
4

4
6
.
8
0

4
6
.
7
5

4
6
.
3
3

4
7
.
2
1
We
l
l

D
e
p
t
h
35
.
9
5

1
7
.
9
6

1
6
.
2
2

4
2
.
0
0

1
5
.
6
1

3
6
.
0
0

2
2
.
0
0

1
5
.
9
5

1
4
.
0
3

3
4
.
7
3

1
5
.
0
0

3
3
.
0
0

1
4
.
0
0

1
5
.
0
0

3
8
.
0
0

1
2
.
0
0

3
5
.
0
0

1
3
.
0
0

3
8
.
0
0

1
1
.
0
0

3
5
.
0
0

1
0
.
0
0

2
5
.
0
0

1
1
.
0
0

3
5
.
0
0
Ju
l
-
9
9
NI

N
I

4
6
.
7
6

-

4
6
.
1
6

-

4
4
.
8
7

4
4
.
6
0

3
8
.
9
4

3
6
.
6
0

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Au
g
-
9
9
NI

N
I

4
5
.
1
0

-

4
4
.
4
1

-

4
4
.
7
6

4
3
.
1
3

3
9
.
1
9

3
4
.
8
7

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Oc
t
-
9
9
NI

N
I

4
6
.
9
4

-

4
6
.
0
8

-

4
6
.
4
9

4
3
.
3
4

4
0
.
7
9

4
0
.
3
4

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
No
v
-
9
9
NI

N
I

4
6
.
1
9

-

4
4
.
1
3

-

4
4
.
7
5

4
2
.
3
4

3
8
.
8
5

3
9
.
7
1

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Ap
r
-
0
0
NI

N
I

4
6
.
9
6

-

4
5
.
6
6

-

4
5
.
1
1

4
2
.
9
6

3
9
.
0
4

3
9
.
9
3

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Oc
t
-
0
0
NI

N
I

4
5
.
7
9

-

4
3
.
9
4

-

4
5
.
5
9

4
2
.
3
0

3
8
.
7
4

3
9
.
0
5

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Ap
r
-
0
1
NI

N
I

4
7
.
3
3

-

4
5
.
6
2

-

4
4
.
6
0

4
3
.
6
0

3
9
.
3
7

4
0
.
1
6

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Oc
t
-
0
1
NI

N
I

4
4
.
8
1

-

4
2
.
9
9

-

4
3
.
2
6

4
1
.
5
7

3
8
.
9
2

3
5
.
4
1

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Ap
r
-
0
2
43
.
6
9

4
0
.
7
8

4
3
.
8
6

-

4
4
.
7
4

-

4
4
.
2
6

4
3
.
1
0

3
9
.
3
9

3
9
.
0
9

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Oc
t
-
0
2
45
.
1
5

3
6
.
7
7

4
5
.
1
8

-

4
4
.
1
9

-

4
3
.
9
1

4
1
.
2
8

3
9
.
4
9

3
5
.
2
6

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Ap
r
-
0
3
45
.
7
7

4
2
.
0
0

4
7
.
2
6

-

4
5
.
7
4

-

4
5
.
8
6

4
3
.
2
7

4
0
.
4
0

4
0
.
2
4

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
Oc
t
-
0
3
46
.
3
2

4
2
.
3
2

4
7
.
9
8

-

4
6
.
3
4

-

4
6
.
3
3

4
2
.
6
4

4
1
.
6
7

4
0
.
4
4

N
I

N
I

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
15
-
A
p
r
-
0
4
46
.
7
9

4
1
.
7
0

4
7
.
7
8

-

4
6
.
4
7

-

4
6
.
4
0

4
3
.
4
0

4
1
.
5
7

3
8
.
7
8

4
3
.
2
7

3
8
.
9
3

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
14
-
O
c
t
-
0
4
45
.
1
6

4
1
.
0
9

4
6
.
6
9

-

4
5
.
0
4

-

-

4
3
.
0
9

4
0
.
2
9

3
9
.
5
3

4
1
.
2
8

3
8
.
4
1

N
I
NI

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
05
-
A
p
r
-
0
5
44
.
5
4

4
1
.
8
9

4
7
.
0
5

-

4
4
.
8
8

-

-

4
3
.
2
9

4
0
.
2
8

4
0
.
1
8

4
3
.
2
9

3
9
.
1
9

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
27
-
O
c
t
-
0
5
45
.
5
1

4
2
.
6
2

4
7
.
1
6

-

4
6
.
1
2

-

-

4
2
.
6
3

4
1
.
9
3

4
0
.
8
1

4
4
.
5
1

3
9
.
8
2

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
21
-
A
p
r
-
0
6
45
.
4
3

4
1
.
5
9

4
7
.
1
2

-

4
6
.
0
2

-

-

4
3
.
5
3

4
0
.
3
7

3
9
.
8
9

4
3
.
1
7

3
8
.
8
2

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
12
-
O
c
t
-
0
6
45
.
7
0

4
1
.
7
2

4
7
.
2
0

-

4
6
.
2
7

-

-

4
3
.
0
5

4
0
.
8
5

3
9
.
8
7

4
4
.
0
3

3
8
.
7
9

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
26
-
A
p
r
-
0
7
45
.
5
2

4
1
.
4
9

4
7
.
0
6

-

4
5
.
6
6

-

-

4
3
.
3
4

4
1
.
0
6

3
9
.
7
4

4
3
.
0
1

3
8
.
5
9

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
11
-
O
c
t
-
0
7
42
.
1
8

3
5
.
6
0

4
3
.
6
7

-

4
3
.
9
4

-

-

4
1
.
3
5

3
9
.
9
8

3
4
.
0
8

4
1
.
1
9

3
3
.
0
2

3
9
.
2
5

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
03
-
A
p
r
-
0
8
44
.
7
4

3
9
.
1
4

4
5
.
9
9

-

4
5
.
6
8

-

-

4
2
.
4
2

3
8
.
8
5

3
8
.
4
7

4
4
.
0
0

3
7
.
3
2

4
2
.
1
0

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
28
-
O
c
t
-
0
8
44
.
6
7

3
5
.
2
3

4
4
.
5
6

-

4
5
.
6
7

-

-

4
1
.
5
8

3
8
.
9
5

3
5
.
9
0

4
4
.
0
7

3
4
.
5
9

4
2
.
1
3

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
08
-
A
p
r
-
0
9
45
.
3
1

3
3
.
9
0

4
6
.
7
7

-

4
5
.
9
8

-

-

4
2
.
6
7

3
9
.
6
9

3
6
.
4
0

4
3
.
1
7

3
4
.
9
2

4
1
.
9
4

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I

N
I
27
-
O
c
t
-
0
9
43
.
9
6

2
9
.
3
7

4
3
.
4
5

-

4
4
.
8
9

-

-

4
0
.
7
2

3
8
.
5
9

3
3
.
1
6

4
2
.
6
6

3
1
.
4
8

4
1
.
3
2

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M
08
-
A
p
r
-
1
0
45
.
1
7

3
1
.
4
8

4
6
.
5
7

-

4
5
.
9
4

-

-

4
2
.
7
4

4
0
.
2
8

3
6
.
0
0

4
3
.
0
1

3
4
.
2
7

4
1
.
6
7

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M
13
-
O
c
t
-
1
0
45
.
1
6

2
9
.
7
2

4
5
.
6
9

-

4
5
.
7
6

-

-

4
1
.
1
1

3
9
.
7
4

3
5
.
0
2

4
3
.
3
3

3
3
.
2
9

4
1
.
5
4

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M
27
-
A
p
r
-
1
1
44
.
7
3

2
9
.
0
9

4
5
.
7
7

-

4
5
.
6
3

-

-

4
2
.
1
7

3
9
.
7
6

3
4
.
0
1

4
2
.
9
9

3
2
.
1
8

4
1
.
3
0

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M

N
M
20
-
O
c
t
-
1
1
44
.
8
6

2
9
.
4
2

4
4
.
9
8

-

4
5
.
9
9

-

-

4
1
.
1
2

3
9
.
9
4

3
3
.
9
6

4
3
.
3
1

3
2
.
1
3

4
3
.
6
5

4
1
.
2
0

3
0
.
3
1

4
0
.
0
4

3
1
.
7
6

3
9
.
3
3

3
2
.
7
0

4
0
.
9
9

3
2
.
8
0

3
9
.
6
1

3
2
.
7
8

2
6
.
0
7

2
7
.
2
1
26
-
A
p
r
-
1
2
44
.
1
8

2
9
.
1
1

4
5
.
4
6

-

4
5
.
4
9

-

-

4
1
.
8
0

4
0
.
1
7

3
4
.
0
5

4
3
.
3
2

3
1
.
6
8

4
2
.
3
3

4
0
.
8
6

3
0
.
5
3

3
9
.
6
4

3
2
.
0
0

3
9
.
2
7

3
3
.
0
4

3
9
.
6
2

3
3
.
0
8

3
7
.
0
8

3
3
.
0
8

2
6
.
1
5

1
9
.
8
9
16
-
O
c
t
-
1
2
43
.
8
1

2
9
.
5
9

4
5
.
1
8

3
1
.
4
7

4
5
.
3
9

3
1
.
0
0

-

4
1
.
5
1

3
9
.
8
7

3
4
.
2
1

4
2
.
7
7

3
2
.
2
6

4
2
.
1
7

4
1
.
0
2

3
1
.
2
2

3
9
.
5
8

3
2
.
8
8

3
9
.
3
4

3
4
.
0
2

3
9
.
9
1

3
3
.
9
3

3
8
.
2
2

3
3
.
8
2

2
6
.
4
6

2
7
.
6
1
11
-
A
p
r
-
1
3
44
.
1
6

2
8
.
1
4

4
5
.
9
4

3
0
.
0
8

4
5
.
7
0

2
9
.
8
4

-

4
1
.
9
0

4
0
.
1
3

3
3
.
4
3

4
3
.
4
1

3
1
.
2
8

4
2
.
3
7

4
0
.
9
7

2
9
.
8
8

3
9
.
8
2

3
1
.
8
4

3
9
.
3
3

3
3
.
0
8

3
9
.
5
4

3
3
.
0
2

3
9
.
0
6

3
3
.
0
1

2
5
.
1
1

2
7
.
0
5
30
-
O
c
t
-
1
3
43
.
8
6

2
7
.
4
8

4
5
.
1
6

2
9
.
2
0

4
5
.
2
3

2
8
.
7
1

-

4
0
.
7
8

3
9
.
8
2

3
1
.
8
3

4
2
.
9
5

2
9
.
9
3

4
2
.
1
8

4
0
.
9
0

2
9
.
1
1

3
9
.
3
5

3
0
.
7
5

3
9
.
2
4

3
1
.
8
3

3
9
.
6
4

3
1
.
5
9

3
8
.
3
4

3
1
.
4
5

2
4
.
3
9

2
5
.
5
1
09
-
A
p
r
-
1
4
44
.
9
2

2
5
.
2
7

4
7
.
0
1

3
1
.
1
2

4
6
.
1
4

3
1
.
2
7

-

4
2
.
9
3

4
0
.
8
4

3
4
.
2
2

4
3
.
9
8

3
2
.
0
3

4
4
.
0
8

4
1
.
8
2

3
0
.
4
2

4
0
.
8
0

3
2
.
5
3

4
0
.
6
2

3
4
.
0
8

4
1
.
6
0

3
4
.
2
4

4
1
.
3
6

3
4
.
6
9

2
5
.
7
0

2
6
.
9
6
22
-
O
c
t
-
1
4
44
.
4
7

4
0
.
9
0

4
5
.
7
4

3
9
.
0
5

4
5
.
0
5

3
9
.
3
3

-

4
2
.
0
6

4
0
.
3
3

3
9
.
4
1

4
3
.
1
1

3
8
.
3
5

4
3
.
5
4

4
1
.
0
3

3
9
.
7
1

3
9
.
6
0

3
9
.
5
6

3
9
.
8
4

3
9
.
1
5

4
1
.
4
1

3
8
.
8
4

4
0
.
8
9

3
8
.
5
4

3
6
.
3
3

3
7
.
0
7
8-
A
p
r
-
1
5
44
.
8
9

4
2
.
2
0

4
6
.
6
8

4
0
.
1
1

4
5
.
2
4

4
0
.
4
4

-

4
2
.
7
8

4
0
.
4
6

4
0
.
3
2

4
2
.
9
5

3
9
.
2
9

4
3
.
7
4

4
1
.
4
7

4
0
.
8
2

4
0
.
1
1

4
0
.
5
5

3
8
.
5
4

4
0
.
0
4

4
1
.
9
3

3
9
.
6
7

4
1
.
5
8

3
9
.
4
2

3
7
.
4
3

3
8
.
0
8
NO
T
E
S
:
1.

A
l
l

e
l
e
v
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

i
n

f
e
e
t

a
b
o
v
e

m
e
a
n

s
e
a

l
e
v
e
l
.
2.

N
I

=

W
e
l
l
/
P
i
e
z
o
m
e
t
e
r

n
o
t

i
n
s
t
a
l
l
e
d
.

3.

N
M

=

N
o
t

M
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
.
We
l
l

N
o
.
Ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d

D
o
w
n
-
g
r
a
d
i
e
n
t

Phase 3
Wa
t
e
r

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g

P
l
a
n
CR
S
W
M
A

T
u
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Pe
r
m
i
t

N
o
s
.

2
5
-
0
4

a
n
d

2
5
-
0
9
1
o
f

1
Joyce Engineering
TA
B
L
E

5
ES
T
I
M
A
T
E
D

H
Y
D
R
A
U
L
I
C

G
R
A
D
I
E
N
T
S

A
N
D

A
V
E
R
A
G
E

L
I
N
E
A
R

V
E
L
O
C
I
T
I
E
S

F
O
R

T
H
E

S
H
A
L
L
O
W

A
Q
U
I
F
E
R
GR
O
U
N
D
-

H
O
R
I
Z
.

H
Y
D
R
A
U
L
I
C

E
F
F
E
C
T
I
V
E

L
I
N
E
A
R
FL
O
W

W
A
T
E
R

G
R
A
D
I
E
N
T
,

C
O
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
,

P
O
R
O
S
I
T
Y

V
E
L
O
C
I
T
Y
,
DI
R
E
C
T
I
O
N

E
L
E
V
.
i
K
n V
(f
e
e
t
)
(f
t
/
f
t
)
(f
t
/
d
a
y
)
(ft/day)
46 40 45 41 45 40
Av
e
r
a
g
e

0
.
0
0
3
2
Average

0
.
0
1
1
No
t
e
s
:
2.

V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

=

K
i
/
n
;

a
s
s
u
m
e

h
o
m
o
g
e
n
e
o
u
s

i
s
o
t
r
o
p
i
c

p
o
r
o
u
s

a
q
u
i
f
e
r
.
3.

A
n

e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e

p
o
r
o
s
i
t
y

(
n
)

o
f

0
.
1
7

w
a
s

a
s
s
u
m
e
d

i
n

t
h
e

v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s

b
a
s
e
d

o
n

s
i
t
e
-
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c

s
o
i
l

l
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y

d
a
t
a
.
NE
0.
0
0
3
3
0.
0
0
2
6
5.
6
7
E
-
0
1
SE
i
3
1.

T
h
e

h
y
d
r
a
u
l
i
c

c
o
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y

v
a
l
u
e

u
s
e
d

t
o

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e

f
l
o
w

v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

w
a
s

d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d

b
y

u
s
i
n
g

t
h
e

g
e
o
m
e
t
r
i
c

m
e
a
n

o
f

h
y
d
r
a
u
l
i
c

c
o
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s

o
f

a
l
l

sh
a
l
l
o
w

a
q
u
i
f
e
r

m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g

w
e
l
l
s

l
i
s
t
e
d

i
n

T
a
b
l
e

6

o
f

t
h
e

CR
S
W
M
A

T
u
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
o
n
g
-
T
e
r
m

R
e
g
i
o
n
a
l

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l

P
h
a
s
e

2

E
x
p
a
n
s
i
o
n
,

A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n

f
o
r

a

Pe
r
m
i
t

t
o

C
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
b
y

J
o
y
c
e

E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,

I
n
c
.

(
R
e
v
i
s
e
d

J
a
n
u
a
r
y

2
0
0
4
)
.
19
4
7
0.17
16
8
4
12
0
4
GR
A
D
I
E
N
T

CA
L
C
U
L
A
T
I
O
N

SE
G
M
E
N
T
FL
O
W

L
I
N
E

LE
N
G
T
H

(
f
e
e
t
)
i
1
i
2
AP
R
I
L

8

-

9
,

2
0
1
5
0.011
0.
0
0
3
6
5.
6
7
E
-
0
1
SE
5.
6
7
E
-
0
1
0.17

0
.
0
1
2
0.17

0
.
0
0
9
Wa
t
e
r

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t

P
l
a
n
CR
S
W
M
A

T
u
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Pe
r
m
i
t

N
o
s
.

2
5
-
0
4

a
n
d

2
5
-
0
9
1
o
f

1
Joyce Engineering
TA
B
L
E

6
ES
T
I
M
A
T
E
D

H
Y
D
R
A
U
L
I
C

G
R
A
D
I
E
N
T
S

A
N
D

A
V
E
R
A
G
E

L
I
N
E
A
R

V
E
L
O
C
I
T
I
E
S

F
O
R

T
H
E

D
E
E
P

A
Q
U
I
F
E
R
GR
O
U
N
D
-

H
O
R
I
Z
.

H
Y
D
R
A
U
L
I
C

E
F
F
E
C
T
I
V
E

L
I
N
E
A
R
FL
O
W

W
A
T
E
R

G
R
A
D
I
E
N
T
,

C
O
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
,

P
O
R
O
S
I
T
Y

V
E
L
O
C
I
T
Y
,
DI
R
E
C
T
I
O
N

E
L
E
V
.
i
K
n V
(f
e
e
t
)
(f
t
/
f
t
)
(f
t
/
d
a
y
)
(ft/day)
42
.
0
37
.
0
40
.
0
39
.
0
Av
e
r
a
g
e

0
.
0
1
0
5
Average

0
.
2
2
5
No
t
e
s
:
2.

V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

=

K
i
/
n
;

a
s
s
u
m
e

h
o
m
o
g
e
n
e
o
u
s

i
s
o
t
r
o
p
i
c

p
o
r
o
u
s

a
q
u
i
f
e
r
.
3.

A
n

e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e

p
o
r
o
s
i
t
y

(
n
)

o
f

0
.
2
5

w
a
s

a
s
s
u
m
e
d

i
n

t
h
e

v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s

b
a
s
e
d

o
n

s
i
t
e
-
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c

s
o
i
l

l
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y

d
a
t
a
.
AP
R
I
L

8

-

9
,

2
0
1
5
0.
0
0
8
2
0.177
1.

T
h
e

h
y
d
r
a
u
l
i
c

c
o
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y

v
a
l
u
e

u
s
e
d

t
o

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e

f
l
o
w

v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

w
a
s

d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d

b
y

u
s
i
n
g

t
h
e

g
e
o
m
e
t
r
i
c

m
e
a
n

o
f

h
y
d
r
a
u
l
i
c

c
o
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s

o
f

a
l
l

d
e
e
p

aq
u
i
f
e
r

m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g

w
e
l
l
s

l
i
s
t
e
d

i
n

T
a
b
l
e

7

o
f

t
h
e

CR
S
W
M
A

T
u
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
o
n
g
-
T
e
r
m

R
e
g
i
o
n
a
l

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l

P
h
a
s
e

2

E
x
p
a
n
s
i
o
n
,

A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n

f
o
r

a

P
e
r
m
i
t

t
o

Co
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
b
y

J
o
y
c
e

E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,

I
n
c
.

(
R
e
v
i
s
e
d

J
a
n
u
a
r
y

2
0
0
4
)
.
12
2
GR
A
D
I
E
N
T

CA
L
C
U
L
A
T
I
O
N

SE
G
M
E
N
T
FL
O
W

L
I
N
E

LE
N
G
T
H

(
f
e
e
t
)
i
5
i
4
27
0
SW
0.
0
1
8
5

5
.
3
9
E
+
0
0
SE
5.
3
9
E
+
0
0
0.399 0.25 0.25
Wa
t
e
r

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g

P
l
a
n
CR
S
W
M
A

T
u
s
c
a
r
o
r
a

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Pe
r
m
i
t

N
o
s
.

2
5
-
0
4

a
n
d

2
5
-
0
9
1
o
f

1
Joyce Engineering

Figure & Drawings

Figure 1 Site Location Map
Drawing 1 Shallow Aquifer Potentiometric Surface Contour Map
Drawing 2 Deep Aquifer Potentiometric Surface Contour Map
Drawing 3 Water Quality Monitoring Plan Well Locations

Appendices

Appendix A Monitoring Well Boring Logs
Appendix B Survey of Monitoring Well Locations
Appendix C Sample Field Logs, Chains of Custody, and Reusable
Bailer Cleaning Procedure
Appendix D Analytical Requirements

Appendices

Appendix A Monitoring Well Boring Logs
Appendix B Survey of Monitoring Well Locations
Appendix C Sample Field Logs, Chains of Custody, and Reusable
Bailer Cleaning Procedure
Appendix D Analytical Requirements

Appendices

Appendix A Monitoring Well Boring Logs
Appendix B Survey of Monitoring Well Locations
Appendix C Sample Field Logs, Chains of Custody, and Reusable
Bailer Cleaning Procedure
Appendix D Analytical Requirements

Appendices

Appendix A Monitoring Well Boring Logs
Appendix B Survey of Monitoring Well Locations
Appendix C Sample Field Logs, Chains of Custody, and Reusable
Bailer Cleaning Procedure
Appendix D Analytical Requirements
North Carolina Appendix I, II, and C and D Constituents
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 App. I Antimony metal 7440-36-0 6010 6-1
2 App. I Arsenic metal 7440-38-2 6010 10 10 -(RCRA METAL)
3 App. I Barium metal 7440-39-3 6010 100 700 -(RCRA METAL)
4 App. I Beryllium metal 7440-41-7 6010 1-4
5 App. I Cadmium metal 7440-43-9 6010 12-(RCRA METAL)
6 App. I Chromium metal 7440-47-3 6010 10 10 -(RCRA METAL)
7 App. I Cobalt metal 7440-48-4 6010 10 - 1
8 App. I Copper metal 7440-50-8 6010 10 1,000 -EPA MCL is a secondary standard.
9 App. I Lead metal 7439-92-1 6010 10 15 -EPA MCL is an action level. (RCRA METAL)
10 App. I Nickel metal 7440-02-0 6010 50 100 -
11 App. I Selenium metal 7782-49-2 6010 10 20 -(RCRA METAL)
12 App. I Silver metal 7440-22-4 6010 10 20 -EPA MCL is a secondary standard. (RCRA METAL).
13 App. I Thallium metal 7440-28-0 6010 5.5 - 0.28
14 App. I Vanadium metal 7440-62-2 6010 25 - 0.3
15 App. I Zinc metal 7440-66-6 6010 10 1,000 -EPA MCL is a secondary standard. (AL)= NC2B Action Level
16 App. II Mercury metal 7439-97-6 7470 0.2 1 -(RCRA METAL)
17 App. II Tin metal 7440-31-5 6010 100 - 2,000
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 App. II Cyanide inorganic 57-12-5 9012A 10 70 -
2 App. II Sulfide inorganic 18496-25-8 9030B 1,000 - -
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 C&D Alkalinity inorganic SW337 SM 2320B ---
2 C&D Chloride inorganic SW301 SM 4500-Cl-E -250,000 -
3 C&D Iron metal 7439-89-6 6010 300 300 -
4 C&D Manganese metal 7439-96-5 6010 50 50 -
5 C&D Mercury metal 7439-97-6 7470 0.2 1 -(RCRA Metal)
6 C&D Sulfate inorganic 14808-79-8 300.0 250,000 250,000 -
7 C&D Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)inorganic SW311 SM 2540C -500,000 -
8 C&D Tetrahydrofuran volatile 109-99-9 8260B ---
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 App. I Acetone volatile 67-64-1 8260B 100 6,000 -
2 App. I Acrylonitrile volatile 107-13-1 8260B 200 --
3 App. I Benzene volatile 71-43-2 8260B 11-
4 App. I Bromochloromethane volatile 74-97-5 8260B 3 -0.6
5 App. I Bromodichloromethane volatile 75-27-4 8260B 1 0.6 -*MCL for total trihalomethanes
6 App. I Bromoform volatile 75-25-2 8260B 34-*MCL for total trihalomethanes
7 App. I Carbon disulfide volatile 75-15-0 8260B 100 700 -
8 App. I Carbon tetrachloride volatile 56-23-5 8260B 1 0.3 -
9 App. I Chlorobenzene volatile 108-90-7 8260B 350-
10 App. I Chloroethane volatile 75-00-3 8260B 10 3,000 -
11 App. I Chloroform volatile 67-66-3 8260B 570-*MCL for total trihalomethanes
12 App. I Dibromochloromethane volatile 124-48-1 8260B 3 0.4 0.41 *MCL for total trihalomethanes
13 App. I 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP)volatile 96-12-8 8260B 13 0.04 -
14 App. I 1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB)volatile 106-93-4 8260B 1 0.02 -
15 App. I o-Dichlorobenzene / 1,2-Dichlorobenzene volatile 95-50-1 8260B 520-
16 App. I p-Dichlorobenzene / 1,4-Dichlorobenzene volatile 106-46-7 8260B 16-
17 App. I trans-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene volatile 110-57-6 8260B 100 --
18 App. I 1,1-Dichloroethane volatile 75-34-3 8260B 56-
19 App. I 1,2-Dichloroethane volatile 107-06-2 8260B 1 0.4 -
20 App. I 1,1-Dichloroethylene volatile 75-35-4 8260B 5 350 -Changed from 7 (MCL) to 350 µg/L in April 2013 (for public water supplies
or drinking wells, the MCL = 7 µg/L still applies.)
21 App. I cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene volatile 156-59-2 8260B 570-
22 App. I trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene volatile 156-60-5 8260B 5 100 -
23 App. I 1,2-Dichloropropane volatile 78-87-5 8260B 1 0.6 -
24 App. I cis-1,3-Dichloropropene volatile 10061-01-5 8260B 1 0.4 -
25 App. I trans-1,3-Dichloropropene volatile 10061-02-6 8260B 1 0.4 -
26 App. I Ethylbenzene volatile 100-41-4 8260B 1 600 -
27 App. I 2-Hexanone / Methyl butyl ketone (MBK)volatile 591-78-6 8260B 50 -280
28 App. I Methyl bromide / Bromomethane volatile 74-83-9 8260B 10 -10
29 App. I Methyl chloride / Chloromethane volatile 74-87-3 8260B 13-
30 App. I Methylene bromide / Dibromomethane volatile 74-95-3 8260B 10 -70
31 App. I Methylene chloride / Dichloromethane volatile 75-09-2 8260B 15-
32 App. I Methyl ethyl ketone / 2-Butanone (MEK)volatile 78-93-3 8260B 100 4,000 -
33 App. I Methyl iodide / Iodomethane volatile 74-88-4 8260B 10 --
34 App. I 4-Methyl-2-pentanone / Methyl isobutyl ketone volatile 108-10-1 8260B 100 -560
35 App. I Styrene volatile 100-42-5 8260B 170-
36 App. I 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane volatile 630-20-6 8260B 5-1
37 App. I 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane volatile 79-34-5 8260B 3 0.2 0.18
38 App. I Tetrachloroethylene (PCE)volatile 127-18-4 8260B 1 0.7 -
39 App. I Toluene volatile 108-88-3 8260B 1 600 -
40 App. I 1,1,1-Trichloroethane volatile 71-55-6 8260B 1 200 -
41 App. I 1,1,2-Trichloroethane volatile 79-00-5 8260B 1 -0.6
42 App. I Trichloroethylene volatile 79-01-6 8260B 13-
43 App. I Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) volatile 75-69-4 8260B 1 2,000 -
44 App. I 1,2,3-Trichloropropane volatile 96-18-4 8260B 1 0.005 -
45 App. I Vinyl acetate volatile 108-05-4 8260B 50 -88
46 App. I Vinyl chloride volatile 75-01-4 8260B 1 0.03 -
47 App. I Xylenes (total) volatile see note 8260B 5 500 -Includes o-xylene, p-xylene, and unspecified xylenes [dimethyl benzenes
(CAS RN 1330-20-7].
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
48 App. II Acetonitrile (methyl cyanide)volatile 75-05-8 8260B 55 -42
49 App. II Acrolein volatile 107-02-8 8260B 53 -4
50 App. II Allyl chloride (3-chloroprene)volatile 107-05-1 8260B 10 --
51 App. II Chloroprene volatile 126-99-8 8260B 20 --
52 App. II m-Dichlorobenzene / 1,3-Dichlorobenzene volatile 541-73-1 8260B 5 200 -
53 App. II Dichlorodifluoromethane volatile 75-71-8 8260B 5 1,000 -
54 App. II 1,3-Dichloropropane volatile 142-28-9 8260B 1--
55 App. II 2,2-Dichloropropane volatile 594-20-7 8260B 15 --
56 App. II 1,1-Dichloropropene volatile 563-58-6 8260B 5--
57 App. II Isobutyl alcohol volatile 78-83-1 8260B 100 --
58 App. II Methacrylonitrile volatile 126-98-7 8260B 100 --
59 App. II Methyl methacrylate volatile 80-62-6 8260B 30 -25
60 App. II Propionitrile volatile 107-12-0 8260B 150 --
61 App. II 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene volatile 120-82-1 8260B 10 70 70
62 App. II Naphthalene volatile 91-20-3 8260B or 8270C 10 6 -
63 App. II Hexachlorobutadiene semivolatile 87-68-3 8270C or 8260B 10 0.4 0.44
64 App. II Ethyl methacrylate semivolatile 97-63-2 8270C or 8260B 10 --
NC - Additional Constituents for C&D Landfills
NOTESNumber
ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN ANALYTICAL
METHOD
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)NC App. #ANALYTE
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)ANALYTE CLASS CAS RNNC App. #
ANALYTICAL
METHOD
NOTES
Number NC App. #ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN
ANALYTICAL
METHOD NOTES
Number NC App. #ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN
ANALYTICAL
METHOD
ANALYTICAL
METHOD
CLASS CAS RN
Number
NC App. I & II - Total Metals
NC App. II - Cyanide/ Sulfide
NC App. I & II - Method 8260
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
NC App. II - Method 8260
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)NC App. #
NOTES
NOTESNumber
Joyce Engineering
Revised: February 2015
North Carolina Appendix I, II, and C and D Constituents
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 App. II Acenaphthene semivolatile 83-32-9 8270C 10 80 -
2 App. II Acenaphthylene semivolatile 208-96-8 8270C 10 200 -
3 App. II Acetophenone semivolatile 98-86-2 8270C 10 - 700
4 App. II 2-Acetylaminofluorene semivolatile 53-96-3 8270C 20 - -
5 App. II 4-Aminobiphenyl semivolatile 92-67-1 8270C 20 - -
6 App. II Anthracene PAH 120-12-7 8270C 10 2,000 -
7 App. II Benz[a]anthracene; Benzanthracene PAH 56-55-3 8270C 10 0.05 -
8 App. II Benzo[b]fluoranthene PAH 205-99-2 8270C 10 0.05 -
9 App. II Benzo[k]fluoranthene PAH 207-08-9 8270C 10 0.5 -
10 App. II Benzo[g,h,i]perylene PAH 191-24-2 8270C 10 200 -
11 App. II Benzo[a]pyrene PAH 50-32-8 8270C 10 0.005 -
12 App. II Benzyl alcohol semivolatile 100-51-6 8270C 20 - 700
13 App. II Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane semivolatile 111-91-1 8270C 10 - -
14 App. II Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether semivolatile 111-44-4 8270C 10 - 0.031
15 App. II Bis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)ether semivolatile 108-60-1 8270C 10 - -Bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether
16 App. II Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate semivolatile 117-81-7 8270C 15 3 -
17 App. II 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether semivolatile 101-55-3 8270C 10 - -
18 App. II Butyl benzyl phthalate semivolatile 85-68-7 8270C 10 1,000 -
19 App. II p-Chloroaniline (4-Chloroaniline)semivolatile 106-47-8 8270C 20 - -
20 App. II Chlorobenzilate semivolatile 510-15-6 8270C 10 - -
21 App. II p-Chloro-m-cresol (4-chloro-3-methylphenol)semivolatile 59-50-7 8270C 20 - -
22 App. II 2-Chloronaphthalene semivolatile 91-58-7 8270C 10 - -
23 App. II 2-Chlorophenol semivolatile 95-57-8 8270C 10 0.4 -
24 App. II 4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether semivolatile 7005-72-3 8270C 10 - -
25 App. II Chrysene PAH 218-01-9 8270C 10 5 -
26 App. II m-Cresol (3-Methylphenol)semivolatile 108-39-4 8270C 10 400 -
27 App. II o-Cresol semivolatile 95-48-7 8270C 10 -400
28 App. II p-Cresol (4-Methylphenol)semivolatile 106-44-5 8270C 10 40 -
29 App. II Diallate semivolatile 2303-16-4 8270C 10 --
30 App. II Dibenz[a,h]anthracene PAH 53-70-3 8270C 10 0.005 -
31 App. II Dibenzofuran semivolatile 132-64-9 8270C 10 -28
32 App. II Di-n-butyl phthalate semivolatile 84-74-2 8270C 10 700 -
33 App. II 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine semivolatile 91-94-1 8270C 20 --
34 App. II 2,4-Dichlorophenol semivolatile 120-83-2 8270C 10 -0.98
35 App. II 2,6-Dichlorophenol semivolatile 87-65-0 8270C 10 --
36 App. II Diethyl phthalate semivolatile 84-66-2 8270C 6,000 6,000 -
37 App. II O,O-Diethyl O-2-pyrazinyl phosphorothioate OP pesticide 297-97-2 8270C 20 --Thionazine
38 App. II Dimethoate OP pesticide 60-51-5 8270C 20 --
39 App. II p-(Dimethylamino)azobenzene semivolatile 60-11-7 8270C 10 --
40 App. II 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene semivolatile 57-97-6 8270C 10 --
41 App. II 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine semivolatile 119-93-7 8270C 10 --
42 App. II 2,4-Dimethylphenol (M-xylenol)semivolatile 105-67-9 8270C 10 100 -
43 App. II Dimethyl phthalate semivolatile 131-11-3 8270C 10 --
44 App. II m-Dinitrobenzene semivolatile 99-65-0 8270C 20 --
45 App. II 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol (2-methyl 4,6-dinitrolphenol)semivolatile 534-52-1 8270C 50 --
46 App. II 2,4-Dinitrophenol semivolatile 51-28-5 8270C 50 --
47 App. II 2,4-Dinitrotoluene semivolatile 121-14-2 8270C 10 -0.1
48 App. II 2,6-Dinitrotoluene semivolatile 606-20-2 8270C 10 --
49 App. II Di-n-octyl phthalate semivolatile 117-84-0 8270C 10 100 -
50 App. II Diphenylamine semivolatile 122-39-4 8270C 10 --
51 App. II Disulfoton OP pesticide 298-04-4 8270C 10 0.3 -
52 App. II Ethyl methanesulfonate semivolatile 62-50-0 8270C 20 --
53 App. II Famphur semivolatile 52-85-7 8270C 20 --
54 App. II Fluoranthene PAH 206-44-0 8270C 10 300 -
55 App. II Fluorene PAH 86-73-7 8270C 10 300 -
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
56 App. II Hexachlorobenzene semivolatile 118-74-1 8270C 10 0.02 -
57 App. II Hexachlorocylopentadiene semivolatile 77-47-4 8270C 10 -50
58 App. II Hexachloroethane semivolatile 67-72-1 8270C 10 -2.5
59 App. II Hexachloropropene semivolatile 1888-71-7 8270C 10 --
60 App. II Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene PAH 193-39-5 8270C 10 0.05 -
61 App. II Isodrin semivolatile 465-73-6 8270C 20 --
62 App. II Isophorone semivolatile 78-59-1 8270C 10 40 -
63 App. II Isosafrole semivolatile 120-58-1 8270C 10 --
64 App. II Kepone pesticide 143-50-0 8270C 20 --
65 App. II Methapyrilene semivolatile 91-80-5 8270C 100 --
66 App. II 3-Methylcholanthrene semivolatile 56-49-5 8270C 10 --
67 App. II Methyl methanesulfonate semivolatile 66-27-3 8270C 10 --
68 App. II 2-Methylnaphthalene semivolatile 91-57-6 8270C 10 30 -
69 App. II Methyl parathion semivolatile 298-00-0 8270C 10 --
70 App. II 1,4-Naphthoquinone semivolatile 130-15-4 8270C 10 --
71 App. II 1-Naphthylamine semivolatile 134-32-7 8270C 10 --
72 App. II 2-Naphthylamine semivolatile 91-59-8 8270C 10 --
73 App. II o-Nitroaniline (2-Nitroaniline)semivolatile 88-74-4 8270C 50 --
74 App. II m-Nitroaniline (3-Nitroaniline)semivolatile 99-09-2 8270C 50 --
75 App. II p-Nitroaniline (4-Nitroaniline)semivolatile 100-01-6 8270C 20 --
76 App. II Nitrobenzene semivolatile 98-95-3 8270C 10 --
77 App. II 5-Nitro-o-toluidine semivolatile 99-55-8 8270C 10 - -
78 App. II o-Nitrophenol (2-Nitrophenol)semivolatile 88-75-5 8270C 10 - -
79 App. II p-Nitrophenol (4-Nitrophenol)semivolatile 100-02-7 8270C 50 - -
80 App. II N-Nitrosodiethylamine semivolatile 55-18-5 8270C 20 - -
81 App. II N-Nitrosodimethylamine semivolatile 62-75-9 8270C 10 0.0007 -
82 App. II N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine semivolatile 924-16-3 8270C 10 - -
83 App. II N-Nitrosodiphenylamine semivolatile 86-30-6 8270C 10 - -
84 App. II N-Nitrosodipropylamine semivolatile 621-64-7 8270C 10 - -
85 App. II N-Nitrosomethylethylamine semivolatile 10595-95-6 8270C 10 - -
86 App. II N-Nitrosopiperidine semivolatile 100-75-4 8270C 20 - -
87 App. II N-Nitrosopyrrolidine semivolatile 930-55-2 8270C 10 - -
88 App. II Parathion OP pesticide 56-38-2 8270C 10 - -
89 App. II Pentachlorobenzene semivolatile 608-93-5 8270C 10 - -
90 App. II Pentachloronitrobenzene semivolatile 82-68-8 8270C 20 - -
91 App. II Phenacetin semivolatile 62-44-2 8270C 20 - -
92 App. II Phenanthrene PAH 85-01-8 8270C 10 200 -
93 App. II Phenol semivolatile 108-95-2 8270C 10 30 -
94 App. II p-Phenylenediamine semivolatile 106-50-3 8270C 10 - -
95 App. II Phorate OP pesticide 298-02-2 8270C 10 1 -
96 App. II Pronamide semivolatile 23950-58-5 8270C 10 - -
97 App. II Pyrene PAH 129-00-0 8270C 10 200 -
98 App. II Safrole semivolatile 94-59-7 8270C 10 - -
99 App. II 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene semivolatile 95-94-3 8270C 10 - 2
100 App. II 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol semivolatile 58-90-2 8270C 10 200 -
101 App. II o-Toluidine semivolatile 95-53-4 8270C 10 --
102 App. II 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol semivolatile 95-95-4 8270C 10 -63
103 App. II 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol semivolatile 88-06-2 8270C 10 -4
104 App. II O,O,O-Triethyl phosphorothioate semivolatile 126-68-1 8270C 10 --
105 App. II 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene semivolatile 99-35-4 8270C 10 --
106 App. II Hexachlorobutadiene semivolatile 87-68-3 8270C or 8260 10 0.4 0.44
107 App. II Ethyl methacrylate semivolatile 97-63-2 8270C or 8270 10 --
108 App. II Naphthalene volatile 91-20-3 8260B or 8270 10 6 -
109 App. II Pentachlorophenol herbicide 87-86-5 8151 or 8270 25 0.3 -
ANALYTICAL
METHOD
NC App. II - Method 8270
Number NC App. #ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN
ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN NOTES
NC App. II - Method 8270
ANALYTICAL
METHOD NOTES
Number NC App. #
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
Joyce Engineering
Revised: February 2015
North Carolina Appendix I, II, and C and D Constituents
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 App. II Aldrin pesticide 309-00-2 8081A 0.05 - 0.002
2 App. II alpha-BHC pesticide 319-84-6 8081A 0.05 - 0.006
3 App. II beta-BHC pesticide 319-85-7 8081A 0.05 - 0.019
4 App. II delta-BHC pesticide 319-86-8 8081A 0.05 - 0.019
5 App. II gamma-BHC (Lindane)pesticide 58-89-9 8081A 0.05 0.03 -
6 App. II Chlordane pesticide see note 8081A 0.5 0.1 -
This entry includes alpha-chlordane (CAS RN 5103-71-9), beta chlordane
(CAS RN 5103-74-2), gamma-chlordane (CAS RN 566-34-7), and
constituents of chlordane (CAS RN 57-74-9 and 12672-29-6).
7 App. II 4,4'-DDD pesticide 72-54-8 8081A 0.1 0.1 -
8 App. II 4,4'-DDE pesticide 72-55-9 8081A 0.1 - -
9 App. II 4-4'-DDT pesticide 50-29-3 8081A 0.1 0.1 -
10 App. II Dieldrin pesticide 60-57-1 8081A 0.075 0.002 -
11 App. II Endosulfan I pesticide 959-96-8 8081A 0.1 40 -
12 App. II Endosulfan II pesticide 33213-65-9 8081A 0.1 42 -
13 App. II Endosulfan sulfate pesticide 1031-07-8 8081A 0.1 - 40
14 App. II Endrin pesticide 72-20-8 8081A 0.1 2 -
15 App. II Endrin aldehyde pesticide 7421-93-4 8081A 0.1 2 -
16 App. II Heptachlor pesticide 76-44-8 8081A 0.05 0.008 -
17 App. II Heptachlor epoxide pesticide 1024-57-3 8081A 0.075 0.004 -
18 App. II Methoxychlor pesticide 72-43-5 8081A 140-
19 App. II Toxaphene pesticide see note 8081A 1.5 0.03 -
Includes congener chemicals contained in technical toxaphene (CAS RN
8001-35-2) such as chlorinated camphene.
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1-6 App. II Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) PCB see note 8082 2 - 0.09
This category contains congener chemicals, including constituents of Aroclor
1016 (CAS RN 12674-11-2), Aroclor 1221 (CAS RN 11104-28-2), Aroclor
1232 (CAS RN 11141-16-5), Aroclor 1242 (CAS RN 53469-21-9), Aroclor
1248 (CAS RN 12672-29-6), Aroclor 1254 (CAS RN 11097-69-1)). Value
given for the NC 2L Standard is the GWP for the Solid Waste Section.
NC SWSL NC 2L SWS-GWPS
1 App. II 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)herbicide 94-75-7 8151A 270-
2 App. II Dinoseb (DNBP); 2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol herbicide 86-85-7 8151A 1-7
3 App. II Silvex (2,4,5-TP)herbicide 93-72-1 8151A 250-
4 App. II 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T)herbicide 93-76-5 8151A 2--
5 App. II Pentachlorophenol herbicide 87-86-5 8151 or 8270 25 0.3 -
Notes:
Color denotes NC App. I Constituents.All concentrations in micrograms per liter (µg/L) = parts per bilion (ppb).
Color denotes remaining NC App. II Constituents.NC-SWSL = NC-DENR Solid Wastre Section Reporting Limits
NC 2L = NC Groundwater Protection Standards from 15A NCAC 2l.0202.
Color denotes C&D Constituents.SWS-GWPS = Groundwater Protection Standards established by the NC-DENR Solid Waste Section for constituents with no NC 2L Standard.
App. I & App. II = Solid Waste Constituent Lists incorporated into NC Solid Waste Management Rules from CFR-40 Appendix I and Appendix II.
Color denotes constituents that can be analyzed by more than one method.C&D = Construction & Demolition Debris (referencing Landfills).
CAS RN: Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. Where 'Total' is entered, all species that contain the element are included.
Class: General type of compound.
OP = orthophosphate.
PAH = polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon.
Volatile EQL of 1 µg/L is based on a 25-mL purge per SW-846, Final Update III, Revision 2, December 1996, page 8260B-35 (most recent revision to method 8260 in SW-846).
" - " = not available/not applicable
Referenced from North Carolina Division of Waste Management website (http://www.wastenotnc.org/sw/swenvmonitoringlist.asp) as of 4/16/2015.
ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN
ANALYTICAL
METHOD NOTES
NOTES
Number NC App. #
NOTESNumber NC App. # ANALYTE CLASS CAS RN
ANALYTICAL
METHOD
Number NC App. # ANALYTE CLASS
ANALYTICAL
METHODCAS RN GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
NC App. II - Herbicides 8151
NC App. II - PCB's Method 8082
GROUNDWATER STANDARDS (µg/L)
NC App. II - Pesticides Method 8081
Joyce Engineering
Revised: February 2015
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Ac
e
n
a
p
h
t
h
e
n
e
83
-
3
2
-
9
60
20
20
29
1,
2
-
D
i
h
y
d
r
o
-
a
c
e
n
a
p
h
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

(
n
o
n
-
ca
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n

P
A
H
)
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ac
e
t
a
l
d
e
h
y
d
e
75
-
0
7
-
0
97
0
1.
4

m
g
/
L
Ac
e
t
i
c

A
l
d
e
h
y
d
e
,

E
t
h
a
n
a
l
y

E
C
O
T
O
X

6
/
0
5

/

R
A
I
S

&

I
R
I
S

2
/
0
7
Ac
e
p
h
a
t
e
30
5
6
0
-
1
9
-
1
70
(L
D
)
3.9
14
0
y

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Ac
e
t
o
c
h
l
o
r
34
2
5
6
-
8
2
-
1
(L
D
)
51
0
1.9

m
g
/
L
n IRIS/RAIS 1/07 HHWSSA
Ac
e
t
o
n
e
67
-
6
4
-
1
2.0

m
g
/
L
30
0

m
g
/
L
2-
p
r
o
p
a
n
o
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S
/
I
R
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ac
e
t
o
p
h
e
n
o
n
e
98
-
8
6
-
2
(
L
D
)
35
0
0
85
0
0
0
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S
/
I
R
I
S

8
/
0
7
Ac
r
o
l
e
i
n
10
7
-
0
2
-
8
3
(L
D
)

2-
P
r
o
p
e
n
a
l
n NRWQC 06
Ac
r
y
l
a
m
i
d
e
79
-
0
6
-
1
0.0
0
8
0.3
y

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S
/
I
R
I
S

1
0
/
0
7
Ac
r
y
l
o
n
i
t
r
i
l
e
10
7
-
1
3
-
1
0.0
5
1
0.
2
5
2-
P
r
o
p
e
n
e
n
i
t
r
i
l
e
;

A
C
N
;

A
N
;

Ac
r
y
l
o
n
i
t
r
i
l
e
;

C
y
a
n
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
;

Fu
m
i
g
r
a
i
n
;

V
i
n
y
l

C
y
a
n
i
d
e
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Al
d
r
i
n
30
9
-
0
0
-
2
0.0
0
2
0.
0
0
3
0.
0
5

n
g
/
L
0.0
5

n
g
/
L
y

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ali
p
h
a
t
i
c
s
NA
C5
-
C
8

n
-
h
e
x
a
n
e

a
s

s
u
r
r
o
g
a
t
e
(L
D
)

83
0
14
0
0
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
1
0
/

M
A
D
E
P

t
o
x

s
t
u
d
i
e
s
C9
-
C
1
2
S
S
S
NA

N
C
C9
-
C
1
8

n
-
n
o
n
a
n
e

a
s

s
u
r
r
o
g
a
t
e
S
S
S
NA

N
C
C1
8
-
C
3
2

E
i
c
o
s
a
n
e

a
s

s
u
r
r
o
g
a
t
e
S
S
S
NA

N
C
Al
u
m
i
n
u
m

(
a
t

p
H

6
.
5
-
9
.
0
)
74
2
9
-
9
0
-
5
87
65
0
0
80
0
0
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
9
Al
u
m
i
n
u
m

S
u
l
f
a
t
e
10
0
4
3
-
0
1
-
3
12
(L
D
)

n

E
C
O
T
O
X

2
/
0
7
2-
A
m
i
n
o
-
4
,
6
-
D
i
n
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
35
5
7
2
-
7
8
-
2
(L
D
)
6.7
15
0
2A
-
D
N
T
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
4-
A
m
i
n
o
-
4
,
6
-
D
i
n
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
19
4
0
6
-
5
1
-
0
6.7
15
0
4A
-
D
N
T
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Am
m
o
n
i
u
m

S
u
l
f
a
t
e
77
8
3
-
2
0
-
2
1.9

m
g
/
L
(L
D
)

nECOTOX 2/07 EPIWIN
An
t
h
r
a
c
e
n
e
12
0
-
1
2
-
7
0.
0
5
40
0
0
0
(n
o
n
-
c
a
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n

P
A
H
)
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/

E
C
O
T
O
X

3
/
0
5
/

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
An
t
i
m
o
n
y
74
4
0
-
3
6
-
0
5.6
64
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
/

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Ar
o
m
a
t
i
c
s
NA
C9
-
C
3
2

P
y
r
e
n
e

a
s

s
u
r
r
o
g
a
t
e
83
0

4
.
0

m
g
/
L
n

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
/

s
u
r
r
o
g
a
t
e

f
r
o
m

M
A
D
E
P

s
t
u
d
i
e
s
Ar
s
e
n
i
c

7
4
4
0
-
3
8
-
2
50

5
0

1
0

1
0
yNC
As
b
e
s
t
o
s
13
3
2
-
2
1
-
4
7,0
0
0
,
0
0
0

f
i
b
e
r
s
/
L
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
At
r
a
z
i
n
e
19
1
2
-
2
4
-
9
64
0
82
0
0
n

O
P
P
T

2
0
0
3

I
R
E
D
;

R
A
I
S

3
/
0
9
Pa
g
e

1

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Ba
c
t
e
r
i
a
l

I
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
se
e

f
e
c
a
l

c
o
l
i
f
o
r
m

an
d

e
n
t
e
r
o
c
o
c
c
u
s
NA
Ba
r
i
u
m
74
4
0
-
3
9
-
3
(L
D
)

(
L
D
)

1.0

m
g
/
L
20
0

m
g
/
L
n NC/ECOTOX, IRIS, AND RAIS 11/08
a-
B
H
C
31
9
-
8
4
-
6
0.
0
0
2
6
0.
0
0
4
9
alp
h
a
-
B
H
C
;
a
-
H
C
H

(H
C
H
=
H
e
x
a
c
hlo
r
o
c
y
c
l
o
h
e
x
a
n
e
)
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
b-
B
H
C
31
9
-
8
5
-
7
0.
0
0
9
1
0.0
1
7
be
t
a
-
B
H
C
,

b
-
H
C
H
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
d-
B
H
C
31
9
-
8
6
-
8
(L
D
)

(
L
D
)

de
l
t
a
-
B
H
C
,

d
-
H
C
H
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
g-
B
H
C

(
a
l
s
o

L
i
n
d
a
n
e
)
58
-
8
9
-
9
0.
0
1
0.
0
0
4
ga
m
m
a
-
B
H
C
,

g
-
H
C
H
c

N
C
/
P
A
N

3
/
0
7
Be
n
e
f
i
n
18
6
1
-
4
0
-
1
(L
D
)

3
4
0
35
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Be
n
t
a
z
o
n
25
0
5
7
-
8
9
-
0
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
92
0
74
0
0
n

I
R
I
S
/

R
A
I
S
/

E
C
O
T
O
X

1
0
/
1
0
Be
n
z
(
a
)
A
n
t
h
r
a
c
e
n
e

PA
H
56
-
5
5
-
3
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
(P
A
H
)

Y

N
C
Be
n
z
e
n
e
71
-
4
3
-
2
1.
1
9
51
yNC
Be
n
z
i
d
i
n
e
92
-
8
7
-
5
0.0
8
6

n
g
/
L
0.
2

n
g
/
L
4,
4
'
-
B
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
d
i
a
m
i
n
e
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Be
n
z
o
(
a
)
P
y
r
e
n
e

PA
H
50
-
3
2
-
8
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
Ba
P
/
(
P
A
H
)

y

N
C
Be
n
z
o
(
b
)
f
l
u
o
r
a
n
t
h
e
n
e
,
3
,
4
-

PA
H
20
5
-
9
9
-
2
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
(P
A
H
)

y

N
C
Be
n
z
o
(
k
)
F
l
u
o
r
a
n
t
h
e
n
e
P
A
H
20
7
-
0
8
-
9
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
(P
A
H
)

y

N
C
Be
n
z
o
i
c

A
c
i
d
65
-
8
5
-
0
(L
D
)

14
0

m
g
/
L
50
0
0

m
g
/
L
Ca
r
b
o
x
y
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Be
n
z
y
l

A
l
c
o
h
o
l
10
0
-
5
1
-
6
(L
D
)

(L
D
)

3.
5

m
g
/
L
29
0

m
g
/
L
be
n
z
e
n
e

m
e
t
h
a
n
o
l
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Be
n
z
y
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
10
0
-
4
4
-
7
0.
1
9
2
alp
h
a
-
C
h
l
o
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

C
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
y
l

Be
n
z
e
n
e
c

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Be
r
y
l
l
i
u
m
74
4
0
-
4
1
-
7
6.5
nNC
1,1
-

B
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
92
-
5
2
-
4
18
(L
D
)

58
0
86
0
Dip
h
e
n
y
l
;

P
h
e
n
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
;

B
i
b
e
n
z
e
n
e

n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S
/
I
R
I
S

7
/
0
9
Bi
s

(
2
-
C
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
)
E
t
h
e
r
11
1
-
4
4
-
4
0.
0
3
0.
5
3
BC
E
E
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Bi
s
(
2
-
C
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
o
x
y
)
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
11
1
-
9
1
-
1
10
0
6.0

m
g
/
L
dic
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
o
x
y

e
t
h
a
n
e
n

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7

Bi
s
(
2
-
C
h
l
o
r
o
i
s
o
p
r
o
p
y
l
)
E
t
h
e
r
10
8
-
6
0
-
1
1.
4

m
g
/
L
65

m
g
/
L
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Bi
s
(
2
-
E
t
h
y
l
h
e
x
y
l
)

P
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
11
7
-
8
1
-
7
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
1.2
2.2
DE
H
P
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Bi
s
(
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
y
l
)
E
t
h
e
r
54
2
-
8
8
-
1
0.1

n
g
/
L
0.
2
9

n
g
/
L
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Bo
r
o
n
74
4
0
-
4
2
-
8
no

d
a
t
a
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

1
1
/
0
8
Br
o
m
o
f
o
r
m
75
-
2
5
-
2
4.3
14
0
Tr
i
b
r
o
m
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
c

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Pa
g
e

2

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Br
o
m
o
-
d
i
p
h
e
n
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
,

p
-
10
1
-
5
5
-
3
(L
D
)

(L
D
)
Br
o
m
o
-
d
i
p
h
e
n
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
,

4
-
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Bu
t
a
n
o
n
e
,

2
-
78
-
9
3
-
3
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
20

m
g
/
L
75
0

m
g
/
L
me
t
h
y
l

e
t
h
y
l

k
e
t
o
n
e
;

M
E
K
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S
/
I
R
I
S

7
/
2
0
1
1
Bu
t
y
l

b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

n
-
10
4
-
5
1
-
8
(L
D
)
42
0
55
0
1-
P
h
e
n
y
l
b
u
t
a
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
1
1
Bu
t
y
l
a
t
e
20
0
8
-
4
1
-
5
61
0
47
0
65
0
Su
t
a
n
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Bu
t
y
l
b
e
n
z
y
l

P
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
85
-
6
8
-
7
19
5.
1
8.2
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ca
d
m
i
u
m
74
4
0
-
4
3
-
9
2
(
N
)
5 (
N
)
0.
4

(
N
)
nNC
Ca
r
b
a
r
y
l

(
f
o
r
m
e
r
l
y

S
e
v
i
n
)
63
-
2
5
-
2
0.
6
7
(L
D
)

1-
n
a
p
h
t
a
l
e
n
o
l
;

m
e
t
h
y
l
c
a
r
b
a
m
a
t
e

n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ca
r
b
a
z
o
l
e
86
-
7
4
-
8
0.7
1.2
y

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
1
2
Ca
r
b
o
f
u
r
a
n
15
6
3
-
6
6
-
2
9.7
0.4
6
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ca
r
b
o
n

d
i
s
u
l
f
i
d
e
75
-
1
5
-
0
(L
D
)

(L
D
)

30
0
0
20
0
0
0
Dit
h
i
o
c
a
r
b
o
n
i
c

A
n
h
y
d
r
i
d
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Ca
r
b
o
n

T
e
t
r
a
c
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
56
-
2
3
-
5
0.2
5
4
1.6
Be
n
z
i
n
o
f
o
r
m
;

C
a
r
b
o
n

C
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
y

N
C
Ch
l
o
r
d
a
n
e
57
-
7
4
-
9
0.0
0
4
0.
0
0
4
0.
8

n
g
/
L
0.
8

n
g
/
L
yNC
Ch
l
o
r
i
d
e
16
8
8
7
-
0
0
-
6
23
0

m
g
/
L

(
A
L
)
25
0

m
g
/
L
nNC
Ch
l
o
r
i
n
e

(
T
R
C
)
77
8
2
-
5
0
-
5
17
7.
5
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6

Ch
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
s
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
yNC
Ch
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

P
h
e
n
o
l
i
c

C
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
1.
0

(
N
)
NA

N
C
Ch
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
10
8
-
9
0
-
7
14
0
(L
D
)
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
16
0
0
Ph
e
n
y
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
;

(
C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
1
1
Ch
l
o
r
o
d
i
b
r
o
m
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
12
4
-
4
8
-
1
0.4
13
Dib
r
o
m
o
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
c

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ch
l
o
r
o
f
o
r
m
67
-
6
6
-
3
5.6
17
0
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
c

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ch
l
o
r
o
n
a
p
h
t
h
a
l
e
n
e
,

2
-
91
-
5
8
-
7
(L
D
)
1.
0

m
g
/
L
1.6

m
g
/
L
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Ch
l
o
r
o
p
h
y
l
l

-
a
,

c
o
r
r
e
c
t
e
d
40
(
N
)

4
0
(
N
)

1
5
(
N
)
NA

N
C
Ch
l
o
r
o
t
h
a
l
o
n
i
l
18
9
7
-
4
5
-
6
1.3
1.
6
7
20
0.8
c

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
0
/
1
0
Ch
r
o
m
i
u
m
50

2
0
NA

N
C
Ch
r
y
s
e
n
e

PA
H
21
8
-
0
1
-
9
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
(P
A
H
)

y

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Co
b
a
l
t
74
4
0
-
4
8
-
4
3
4
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S

6
/
0
9
Co
l
i
f
o
r
m
se
e

f
e
c
a
l

c
o
l
i
f
o
r
m

NA
Co
p
p
e
r
74
4
0
-
5
0
-
8
7 (
A
L
)
3
(
A
L
)

n

N
C
Cy
a
n
i
d
e
57
-
1
2
-
5
5
(
N
)
1
nNC
Cy
c
l
o
h
e
x
a
n
e
11
0
-
8
2
-
7
23
0
12
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
E
P
I
W
I
N
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Pa
g
e

3

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
D,
2
,
4
-
94
-
7
5
-
7
60
(L
D
)

10
0
2.5

m
g
/
L
2,
4
-
D
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
p
h
e
n
o
x
y

a
c
e
t
i
c

a
c
i
d

n

N
C
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

3
/
0
9
Da
c
t
h
a
l
18
6
1
-
3
2
-
1
(L
D
)
79
10
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

7
/
0
7
DB
,

2
,
4
-
94
-
8
2
-
6
(L
D
)
27
0
10
0
0
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
0
7
DD
D
,

4
,
4
'
-
72
-
5
4
-
8
0.
3
1

n
g
/
L
0.
3
1

n
g
/
L
4,
4
'
-
D
i
c
h
l
o
r
od
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
d
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e

y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
DD
E
,

4
,
4
'
-
72
-
5
5
-
9
0.
2
2

n
g
/
L
0.
2
2

n
g
/
L
p,
p
'
-
D
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
d
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
d
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
DD
T
,

4
,
4
'
-
50
-
2
9
-
3
0.0
0
1
0.
0
0
1
0.
2

n
g
/
L
0.
2

n
g
/
L
4,
4
'
-
D
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
d
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
t
r
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e

y

N
C
De
m
e
t
o
n
80
6
5
-
4
8
-
3
0.1
0.
1
nNC
Dia
z
i
n
o
n
33
3
-
4
1
-
5
0.
1
7
0.8
2
n

E
P
A

f
i
n
a
l

A
W
Q
C

f
o
r

D
i
a
z
i
n
o
n

(
1
2
/
2
0
0
5
)
Dib
e
n
z
(
a
,
h
)
A
n
t
h
r
a
c
e
n
e

PA
H
53
-
7
0
-
3
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
1,
2
:
5
,
6
-
b
e
n
z
a
n
t
h
r
a
c
e
n
e
/

(
P
A
H
)

y

N
C
Dib
r
o
m
o
-
3
-
c
h
l
o
r
o
p
r
o
p
a
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
96
-
1
2
-
8
0.0
3
3
0.
1
3
Ne
m
a
g
o
n
c

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dib
r
o
m
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
10
6
-
9
3
-
4
0.
0
2
0.1
ED
B
,

e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

d
i
b
r
o
m
i
d
e
y

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Dic
a
m
b
a
19
1
8
-
0
0
-
9
20
0
(L
D
)
1.
0

m
g
/
L
38

m
g
/
L
2,
5
-
D
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
-
6
-
m
e
t
h
o
x
y
b
e
n
z
o
i
c

a
c
i
d

n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

3
/
0
9
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
a
c
e
t
i
c

a
c
i
d

(
D
C
A
A
)
79
-
4
3
-
6
0.
6
8
25
DC
A
A

,

D
C
A
y

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
(
o
)
95
-
5
0
-
1
47
0
37
0
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
13
0
0
79
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
3
-
(
m
)
54
1
-
7
3
-
1
39
0
39
0
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
96
0
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
4
-
(
p
)
10
6
-
4
6
-
7
10
0
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
19
0
56
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
i
d
i
n
e
,

3
,
3
'
-
91
-
9
4
-
1
0.0
2
1
0.0
2
8
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
b
r
o
m
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
75
-
2
7
-
4
0.
5
5
17
Br
o
m
o
d
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
,

1
,
1
-
75
-
3
4
-
3
(L
D
)
6
10
0
yHandbook of Environmental Data-Vershueren/RAIS 6/10
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
10
7
-
0
6
-
2
0.
3
8
37
Eth
y
l
e
n
e

d
i
c
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

4
/
0
9
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
,

1
,
1
-
75
-
3
5
-
4
15
0
0
(L
D
)
33
0
7.1

m
g
/
L
1,
1

D
C
E

;

v
i
n
y
l
i
d
e
n
e

c
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
;

1
,
1
-
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
e
n
e
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

5
/
1
0
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
t
r
a
n
s
-
15
6
-
6
0
-
5
14
0
10

m
g
/
L
tr
a
n
s
-
1
,
2
-
D
C
E
;

t
r
a
n
s
-
a
c
e
t
y
l
e
n
e

dic
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
c
i
s
-
15
6
-
5
9
-
2
60
72
0
cis
-
1
,
2
-
d
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
e
n
e
n

I
R
I
S

&

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

7
/
1
1
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
-

(M
i
x
e
d

I
s
o
m
e
r
s
)
54
0
-
5
9
-
0
29
0
32
0
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

8
/
1
2
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
p
r
o
p
a
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
78
-
8
7
-
5
0.5
15
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Pa
g
e

4

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
p
r
o
p
e
n
e
,

1
,
3
-
54
2
-
7
5
-
6
12
0.
3
1
21
cis

a
n
d

t
r
a
n
s

1
,
3
-
D
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
p
r
o
p
y
l
e
n
e

y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dic
h
l
o
r
v
o
s
62
-
7
3
-
7
(L
D
)

0
.
1
2
Br
e
a
k
d
o
w
n

p
r
o
d
u
c
t

o
f

N
a
l
e
d
y

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Die
l
d
r
i
n
60
-
5
7
-
1
0.0
0
2
0.
0
0
2
0.
0
5

n
g
/
L
0.0
5

n
g
/
L
yNC
Die
t
h
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
60
-
2
9
-
7
13
0

m
g
/
L
6.
8

m
g
/
L
25
0

m
g
/
L
Eth
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Die
t
h
y
l

P
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
84
-
6
6
-
2
1.2

m
g
/
L

1
5

m
g
/
L
60
0
DE
P
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dim
e
t
h
o
a
t
e
60
-
5
1
-
5
0.3
1.
6
Cy
g
o
n
:

o
,
o
-
D
i
m
e
t
h
y
l

s
-
(
N
-
m
e
t
h
y
l
)
-
ca
r
b
a
m
o
y
l
m
e
t
h
y
l

d
i
t
h
i
o
p
h
o
s
p
h
a
t
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
0
/
1
0
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
-

95
-
4
7
-
6
se
e

X
y
l
e
n
e
,

o
-
Xy
l
e
n
e
,

o
-
n
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
3
-

10
8
-
3
8
-
3
se
e

X
y
l
e
n
e
,

m
-
Xy
l
e
n
e
,

m
-
n
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
4
-

10
6
-
4
2
-
3
se
e

X
y
l
e
n
e
,

p
-
Xy
l
e
n
e
,

p
-
n
Dim
e
t
h
y
l

P
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
13
1
-
1
1
-
3
3.4

m
g
/
L
2.
9

m
g
/
L
2.8

m
g
/
L
DM
P
;

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
d
i
c
a
r
b
o
x
y
l
i
c

a
c
i
d
;

dim
e
t
h
y
l

e
s
t
e
r
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
f
o
r
m
a
m
i
d
e
68
-
1
2
-
2
(L
D
)

3.
4

m
g
/
L
13
0

m
g
/
L
DM
F
;

D
M
F
A
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Di-
n
-
b
u
t
y
l

p
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
84
-
7
4
-
2
9.5
4.
5
DB
P
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
1,3
-
D
i
n
i
t
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
99
-
6
5
-
0
(L
D
)

3
.
4
14
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Din
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

2
,
4
-
12
1
-
1
4
-
2
0.
1
1
3.4
2,
4
-
D
N
T
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Din
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

2
,
6
-
60
6
-
2
0
-
2
0.0
4
8
0.
7
1
2,
6
-
D
N
T
y

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Di-
n
-
o
c
t
y
l

p
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
11
7
-
8
4
-
0
90
0
2.5

m
g
/
L
n

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Din
o
s
e
b
88
-
8
5
-
7
3
12
20
65
n

I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

6
/
1
2
Dio
x
a
n
e
,

1
,
4
-
12
3
-
9
1
-
1
0.
3
5
80
1,
4
-

d
i
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

d
i
o
x
i
d
e
y

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Dio
x
i
n

(
2
,
3
,
7
,
8
-
T
C
D
D
)
17
4
6
-
0
1
-
6
0.
0
0
0
0
0
5

n
g
/
L

0
.
0
0
0
0
0
5

n
g
/
L
2,
3
,
7
,
8
-
T
e
t
r
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
d
i
b
e
n
z
o
-
p
-
d
i
o
x
i
n

y

N
C
Dip
h
e
n
y
l
h
y
d
r
a
z
i
n
e
,

1
,
2
-
12
2
-
6
6
-
7
0.0
3
6
0.2
1,
2
-
D
P
H
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Dis
s
o
l
v
e
d

G
a
s
e
s
11
0
%

s
a
t

(
N
)

1
1
0
%

s
a
t

(
N
)
NA

N
C
Dis
s
o
l
v
e
d

O
x
y
g
e
n
no
t

l
e
s
s

t
h
a
n

5
.
0

mg
/
L

(
N
)
no
t

l
e
s
s

t
h
a
n

5
.
0

mg
/
L

(
N
)
no
t

l
e
s
s

t
h
a
n

6
.
0

mg
/
L

(
N
)
no
t

l
e
s
s

t
h
a
n

6
.
0

mg
/
L

(
E
)
(N
)
NA

N
C
En
d
o
s
u
l
f
a
n
11
5
-
2
9
-
7
0.
0
5
0.
0
0
9
Sa
m
e

v
a
l
u
e
s

a
p
p
l
y

t
o

E
n
d
o
s
u
l
f
a
n

Su
l
f
a
t
e
,

a
l
p
h
a
-
E
n
d
o
s
u
l
f
a
n
,

a
n
d

b
e
t
a
-
En
d
o
s
u
l
f
a
n
nNC
En
d
o
t
h
a
l
l
14
5
-
7
3
-
3
3.
9

m
g
/
L
12

m
g
/
L
68
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
En
d
r
i
n
72
-
2
0
-
8
0.0
0
2
0.
0
0
2
nNC
En
d
r
i
n

A
l
d
e
h
y
d
e
74
2
1
-
9
3
-
4
0.
2
9
0.3
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Pa
g
e

5

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
En
t
e
r
o
c
o
c
c
u
s
ge
o
m
e
a
n

o
f

3
5

or
g
a
n
i
s
m
s
/
1
0
0

m
L

(a
p
p
l
i
c
a
b
l
e

t
o

c
l
a
s
s

SA
,

S
B
,

a
n
d

S
C

Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r
s
)

(
N
)
NA

N
C
EP
T
C
75
9
-
9
4
-
4
58
0
1.7

m
g
/
L
s-
e
t
h
y
l

p
r
o
p
y
l
t
h
i
o
c
a
r
b
a
m
a
t
e
NA

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

4
/
0
7
Et
h
a
n
o
l
64
-
1
7
-
5
(L
D
)
(L
D
)

Eth
y
l

A
l
c
o
h
o
l
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/

R
A
I
S

1
2
/
1
0

Et
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
10
0
-
4
1
-
4
97
25
Ph
e
n
y
l

E
t
h
a
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Et
h
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
60
-
2
9
-
7
se
e

D
i
e
t
h
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
Se
e

D
i
e
t
h
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
n
Fe
c
a
l

C
o
l
i
f
o
r
m
ge
o
m
e
a
n

o
f

2
0
0

or
g
a
n
i
s
m
s
/
1
0
0

m
L

in

C
l
a
s
s

C

Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r
s

(
N
)
;

an
d

a

g
e
o
m
e
a
n

o
f

14

o
r
g
a
n
i
s
m
s
/
1
0
0

mL

i
n

c
l
a
s
s

S
A

Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r
s

(
N
)
NA

N
C
Flu
o
r
a
n
t
h
e
n
e
20
6
-
4
4
-
0
0.
1
1
0.2
2
1,
2
-
B
e
n
z
a
c
e
n
a
p
h
t
h
e
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Flu
o
r
e
n
e
86
-
7
3
-
7
30

L
D
LD
11
0
0
53
0
0
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
;

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

9
/
1
0
Flu
o
r
i
d
e
1.8

m
g
/
L
(L
D
)
NA

N
C
;

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

K
O
W
W
I
N

3
/
0
8
Flu
r
i
d
o
n
e
59
7
5
6
-
6
0
-
4
90
17
0
Av
a
s
t
,

S
o
n
a
r
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

4
/
0
7
Fo
n
o
f
o
s
94
4
-
2
2
-
9
0.
2
7
17
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

4
/
0
7
Fo
r
m
a
l
d
e
h
y
d
e
50
-
0
0
-
0
1.2

m
g
/
L
62
0
Fo
r
m
a
l
i
n
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Gu
t
h
i
o
n
86
-
5
0
-
0
0.
0
1
0.0
1
NA

N
C
Ha
r
d
n
e
s
s
,

T
o
t
a
l
10
0

m
g
/
L

C
a
l
c
i
u
m

Ca
r
b
o
n
a
t
e
NA

N
C
He
p
t
a
c
h
l
o
r
76
-
4
4
-
8
0.0
0
4
0.
0
0
4
0.
0
8

n
g
/
L
0.0
8

n
g
/
L
yNC
He
p
t
a
c
h
l
o
r

E
p
o
x
i
d
e
10
2
4
-
5
7
-
3
0.0
3
9

n
g
/
L
0.
0
3
9

n
g
/
L
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
He
x
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
11
8
-
7
4
-
1
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
0.
2
9

n
g
/
L
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
y

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
He
x
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
b
u
t
a
d
i
e
n
e
87
-
6
8
-
3
0.
4
4
18
HC
B
D
y

N
C
He
x
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
c
y
c
l
o
h
e
x
a
n
e

T
e
c
h
n
i
c
a
l
60
8
-
7
3
-
1
0.0
0
5
0.0
0
6
HC
H
y

I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

6
/
1
2
He
x
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
c
y
c
l
o
-
p
e
n
t
a
d
i
e
n
e
77
-
4
7
-
4
0.
0
7
1
O
r
g
a
n
o
l
e
p
t
i
c
1.1

m
g
/
L
HC
C
P
D
;

P
e
r
c
hl
o
r
o
c
y
c
l
o
p
e
n
t
a
d
i
e
n
e

n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
He
x
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
67
-
7
2
-
1
1.4
3.3
HC
E
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
He
x
a
h
y
d
r
o
-
1
,
3
,
5
-
T
r
i
n
i
t
r
o
-
1
,
3
,
5
-
T
r
i
a
z
i
n
e

1
2
1
-
8
2
-
4
0.
3
1
11
RD
X
y

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
He
x
a
m
i
n
e
10
0
-
9
7
-
0
25
0
0

m
g
/
L

2
5
0
0

m
g
/
L
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

E
P
I
W
I
N

2
/
0
7

Pa
g
e

6

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Hy
d
r
o
g
e
n

s
u
l
f
i
d
e
77
8
3
-
0
6
-
4
0.
2
1
(L
D
)

n ECOTOX & RAIS 2/07
In
d
e
n
o
(
1
,
2
,
3
-
c
d
)
P
y
r
e
n
e

PA
H
19
3
-
3
9
-
5
0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
PA
H

y

N
C
Ir
o
n
74
3
9
-
8
9
-
6
1.
0

m
g
/
L

(
A
L
)
n

N
C
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

1
/
0
9
Is
o
p
h
o
r
o
n
e
78
-
5
9
-
1
35
96
0
1,
1
,
3
-
T
r
i
m
e
t
h
y
l
-
3
-
c
y
c
l
o
h
e
x
e
n
e
-
5
-
o
n
e

y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Is
o
p
r
o
p
y
l

b
e
n
z
e
n
e
98
-
8
2
-
8
25
0
(L
D
)
2.
7

m
g
/
L
11

m
g
/
L
13
5
Cu
m
e
n
e
;

C
u
m
o
l
;

(
1
-
Me
t
h
y
l
e
t
h
y
l
)
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Is
o
p
r
o
p
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
10
8
-
2
0
-
3
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
2,
2
'
-
O
x
y
b
i
s
p
r
o
p
a
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Is
o
p
r
o
p
y
l

t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

p
99
-
8
7
-
6
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
4-
C
y
m
e
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
1
0
Le
a
d
74
3
9
-
9
2
-
1
25

(
N
)
25

(
N
)
nNC
Lin
d
a
n
e
,

g
-
B
H
C
58
-
8
9
-
9
se
e

g
-
B
H
C
(s
e
e

g
-
B
H
C
)
c
Ma
l
a
t
h
i
o
n
12
1
-
7
5
-
5
0.1
0.
1
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Ma
n
c
o
z
e
b
80
1
8
-
0
1
-
7
(L
D
)
1.
0

m
g
/
L
38

m
g
/
L
Ca
r
b
a
m
i
c

A
c
i
d
;

e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
-
b
i
s
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Ma
n
g
a
n
e
s
e
74
3
9
-
9
6
-
5
(L
D
)
20
0
n

N
C
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
9
MB
A
S
5
0
0

(
N
)
Me
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
-
b
l
u
e
-
a
c
t
i
v
e

s
u
b
s
t
a
n
c
e
s

(s
e
e

n
o
t
e
)
NA

N
C
Me
r
c
u
r
y
74
3
9
-
9
7
-
6
0.0
1
2
0.
0
2
5
nNC
Me
t
h
a
n
o
l
67
-
5
6
-
1
17

m
g
/
L
63
0

m
g
/
L
Me
t
h
y
l

A
l
c
o
h
o
l
n

R
A
I
S

1
2
/
0
8
Me
t
h
o
x
y
c
h
l
o
r
72
-
4
3
-
5
0.
0
3
0.0
3
nNC
Me
t
h
y
l

a
c
e
t
a
t
e
79
-
2
0
-
9
19

m
g
/
L
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

3
/
0
8
Me
t
h
y
l

B
r
o
m
i
d
e
74
-
8
3
-
9
(L
D
)

(L
D
)

47
1.5

m
g
/
L
Br
o
m
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Me
t
h
y
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
74
-
8
7
-
3
2.6
96
Ch
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Me
t
h
y
l

m
e
t
h
a
c
r
y
l
a
t
e
80
-
6
2
-
6
96
0
0
n

I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

2
/
0
9
Me
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

C
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
75
-
0
9
-
2
4.6
59
0
Dic
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Me
t
h
y
l
n
a
p
h
t
h
a
l
e
n
e
,

1
-
90
-
1
2
-
0
0.8
2.6
y

R
A
I
S
/

E
C
O
T
O
X

4
/
1
0
Me
t
h
y
l
n
a
p
h
t
h
a
l
e
n
e
,

2
-
91
-
5
7
-
6
(L
D
)
50
80
NA

I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

1
/
0
8
Me
t
h
y
l
-
2
-
p
e
n
t
a
n
o
n
e
,

4
-
10
8
-
1
0
-
1
26

m
g
/
L
2.
8

m
g
/
L
16
0

m
g
/
L
me
t
h
y
l

i
s
o
b
u
t
y
l

k
e
t
o
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Me
t
o
l
a
c
h
l
o
r
51
2
1
8
-
4
5
-
2
24
0
(L
D
)
20
0
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

1
0
/
1
0
Me
t
r
i
b
u
z
i
n
21
0
8
7
-
6
4
-
9
(L
D
)

8
4
0
24

mg
/
L
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Mir
e
x
23
8
5
-
8
5
-
5
0.0
0
1
0.
0
0
1
nNC
Mo
l
y
b
d
e
n
u
m
74
3
9
-
9
8
-
7
(L
D
)

1
6
0
2.0

mg
/
L
nECOTOX 6/09 RAIS & IRIS 6/09
MT
B
E
16
3
4
-
0
4
-
4
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
19
15
0
0
Me
t
h
y
l

T
e
r
t
i
a
r
y
-
B
u
t
y
l

E
t
h
e
r
NA

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

&

E
C
O
T
O
X

1
/
1
0
Na
p
h
t
h
a
l
e
n
e
91
-
2
0
-
3
12
52
Mo
t
h
b
a
l
l
s
n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Nic
k
e
l
74
4
0
-
0
2
-
0
88

(
N
)
8.3

(
N
)
25
nNC
Nit
r
a
t
e

(
a
s

N
)
14
7
9
7
-
5
5
-
8
10
.
0

m
g
/
L
To
t
a
l

n
i
t
r
o
g
e
n

m
a
y

b
e

r
e
g
u
l
a
t
e
d

i
n

NS
W

w
a
t
e
r
s
.

S
e
e

2
B

.
0
2
0
0
s

f
o
r

fu
r
t
h
e
r

i
n
f
o
nNC
Nit
r
i
t
e
14
7
9
7
-
6
5
-
0
2.7
2.7
n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7

Pa
g
e

7

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Nit
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
98
-
9
5
-
3
17
30

O
r
g
a
n
o
l
e
p
t
i
c
Mir
b
a
n
e

O
i
l
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
g
l
y
c
e
r
i
n
55
-
6
3
-
0
2
67
1,
2
,
3
-
P
r
o
p
a
n
e
t
r
i
o
l

t
r
i
n
i
t
r
a
t
e
y

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
s
a
m
i
n
e
s

~
~
(N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
e
t
h
y
l
-
a
m
i
n
e

d
a
t
a

u
s
e
d
)
ID
#

N
O
4
2
5
0
0
0
0

(
5
5
-
18
-
5
)
0.8

n
g
/
L
0.
4
6
(s
e
e

n
o
t
e
)
yNRWQC 06/IRIS & RAIS 2/07/EPA 440/5-80-064
Nit
r
o
s
o
d
i
b
u
t
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
92
4
-
1
6
-
3
0.
0
0
6
3
0.
2
2
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Nit
r
o
s
o
d
i
e
t
h
y
l
-
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
55
-
1
8
-
5
0.8

n
g
/
L
0.
4
6
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
s
o
-
d
i
-
n
-
P
r
o
p
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
62
1
-
6
4
-
7
0.0
0
5
0.
5
1
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
s
o
d
i
m
e
t
h
y
l
-
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
62
-
7
5
-
9
0.
6
9

n
g
/
L
3
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
s
o
d
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
86
-
3
0
-
6
3.3
6
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
s
o
p
y
r
r
o
l
i
d
i
n
e
,

N
-
93
0
-
5
5
-
2
0.0
1
6
34
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

2
-
88
-
7
2
-
2
0.
1
4
1.5
o-
N
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
NA

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

3
-
99
-
0
8
-
1
(L
D
)
62
0
5.3

m
g
/
L
m-
N
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Nit
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

4
-
99
-
9
9
-
0
1.8
18
p-
N
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
NA

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
n-
P
r
o
p
y
l

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
10
3
-
6
5
-
1
(L
D
)

(L
D
)
17
0
0
32
0
0
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
1
0
Oc
t
a
h
y
d
r
o
-
1
,
3
,
5
,
7
-
T
e
t
r
a
n
i
t
r
o
-
1
,
3
,
5
,
7
-
Te
t
r
a
z
o
c
i
n
e
26
9
1
-
4
1
-
0
1.4

m
g
/
L
1.
7

m
g
/
L
63

m
g
/
L
HM
X
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Oil

a
n
d

G
r
e
a
s
e

(
s
e
e

O
G

f
o
o
t
n
o
t
e
)
(N
)
(N
)
NA

N
C
Pa
r
a
t
h
i
o
n
56
-
3
8
-
2
0.0
1
3
0.
1
7
8
nNC
PC
B
,

t
o
t
a
l
0.
0
0
1

(
N
)

0
.
0
0
1

(
N
)
0.0
6
4

n
g
/
L
0.0
6
4

n
g
/
L

(
N
)
po
l
y
c
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

b
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
s

/

(
t
o
t
a
l

o
f

a
l
l

id
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
d

P
C
B
s
)
y

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
Pe
n
t
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
60
8
-
9
3
-
5
0.
5
1
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
1.5
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Pe
r
c
h
l
o
r
a
t
e

a
n
d

S
a
l
t
s
14
7
9
7
-
7
3
-
0
2.5
2.8
n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

4
/
0
7
pH
6.
0
-
9
.
0

(
N
)

6
.
8
-
8
.
5

(
N
)
(N
)
NA

N
C
Ph
e
n
a
n
t
h
r
e
n
e
85
-
0
1
-
8
0.7
0.
3
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

4
/
1
0
Ph
e
n
o
l
i
c

C
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
30
0

(N
)
30
0
(N
)
(p
h
e
n
o
l
i
c

c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
:

n
o

f
i
s
h

f
l
e
s
h

ta
i
n
t
i
n
g
)

3
0
0

u
g
/
L

u
s
e
d

a
s

a

n
u
m
e
r
i
c

tr
a
n
s
l
a
t
o
r

f
o
r

t
h
i
s

n
a
r
r
a
t
i
v
e

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
NA

N
C
Po
l
y
n
u
c
l
e
a
r

a
r
o
m
a
t
i
c

h
y
d
r
o
c
a
r
b
o
n
s

(PA
H
's
)

0.0
0
2
8

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s

0
.
0
3
1
1

T
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
'
s
yNC
Pr
o
p
e
n
o
i
c

A
c
i
d
79
-
1
0
-
7
(L
D
)
17

m
g
/
L
63
0

m
g
/
L
Ac
r
y
l
i
c

A
c
i
d
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

1
1
/
0
9
Py
r
e
n
e
12
9
-
0
0
-
0
83
0
40
0
0
Be
n
z
o
[
d
e
f
]
p
h
e
n
a
n
t
h
r
e
n
e
/

(
n
o
n
-
ca
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n

P
A
H
)
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Py
r
i
d
i
n
e
11
0
-
8
6
-
1
50
0
0
(L
D
)
34
13
0
0
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
0
7
Ra
d
i
o
a
c
t
i
v
e

S
u
b
s
t
a
n
c
e
s
(N
)
(N
)
(N
)
NA

N
C
Sa
l
i
n
i
t
y
(N
)
NA

N
C
Se
l
e
n
i
u
m
77
8
2
-
4
9
-
2
57
1
nNC
Pa
g
e

8

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Se
w
a
g
e
(N
)
(N
)
(N
)
NA

N
C
Si
l
v
e
r
74
4
0
-
2
2
-
4
0.
0
6

(
A
L
)
0.
1

(
A
L
)
nNC
Si
l
v
e
x
93
-
7
2
-
1
(L
D
)

1.
5

m
g
/
L

10
2,
4
,
5
-
T
P
;

2
,
4
,
5
-
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
p
h
e
n
o
x
y
p
r
o
p
i
o
n
o
i
c

A
c
i
d
n

N
C
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
So
l
i
d
s
,

s
e
t
t
l
e
a
b
l
e
(N
)
(N
)
als
o

i
n
c
l
u
d
e
s

f
l
o
a
t
i
n
g

s
o
l
i
d
s

a
n
d

slu
d
g
e

d
e
p
o
s
i
t
s
NA

N
C
So
l
i
d
s
,

t
o
t
a
l

d
i
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
50
0

m
g
/
L
NA

N
C
So
l
i
d
s
,

t
o
t
a
l

s
u
s
p
e
n
d
e
d
HQ
W
=
1
0

m
g
/
L

(E
)
20

m
g
/
L
(
E
)
NA

N
C
St
r
o
n
t
i
u
m
74
4
0
-
2
4
-
6
14

m
g
/
L
40

m
g
/
L
n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Su
l
f
a
t
e
s
25
0

m
g
/
L
n

N
C

Su
l
f
i
d
e

-

H
y
d
r
o
g
e
n

s
u
l
f
i
d
e
77
8
3
-
0
6
-
4
0.
2
1
2
n NRWQC 06/ECOTOX & RAIS 2/07
Te
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
(N
)
(N
)
(N
)
NA NC
Te
r
b
a
c
i
l
59
0
2
-
5
1
-
2
43
0
9.1

m
g
/
L
NA IRIS & RAIS 4/07
Te
t
r
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
,
4
,
5
-
95
-
9
4
-
3
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
1.1
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Te
t
r
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
,

1
,
1
,
2
,
2
-
79
-
3
4
-
5
0.
1
7
4
ac
e
t
o
s
o
l
;

a
c
e
t
y
l
e
n
e

t
e
t
r
a
c
h
l
o
r
i
d
e

y

N
C
Te
t
r
a
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

(
P
E
R
C
)
12
7
-
1
8
-
4
0.7
3.3
PE
R
C
;

P
C
E
;

p
e
r
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e

y

N
C
Th
a
l
l
i
u
m
74
4
0
-
2
8
-
0
0.
2
4
0.
4
7
n

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tin
74
4
0
-
3
1
-
5
77
0
80
0
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
R
A
I
S

8
/
0
7
To
l
u
e
n
e
10
8
-
8
8
-
3
11
37
0
0.
3
6
me
t
h
y
l

b
e
n
z
e
n
e
;

p
h
e
n
y
l

m
e
t
h
a
n
e

n

N
C
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
To
x
a
p
h
e
n
e
80
0
1
-
3
5
-
2
0.
2

n
g
/
L
0.2

n
g
/
L
yNC
2,4
,
5
-
T
93
-
7
6
-
5
1.
4

m
g
/
L
68
2.5

m
g
/
L
2,
4
,
5
-
T
r
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
p
h
e
n
o
x
y
a
c
e
t
i
c

A
c
i
d

n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tr
i
a
l
k
y
l
t
i
n
0.
0
7

0
.
0
0
7
nNC
Tr
i
b
u
t
y
l
t
i
n

(
T
B
T
)
56
5
7
3
-
8
5
-
4
0.
0
7
0.
0
0
7
nNC
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
,
4
-
12
0
-
8
2
-
1
61
27
48
8

T
o
t
a
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

Be
n
z
e
n
e
s
70
(C
h
l
o
r
i
n
a
t
e
d

B
e
n
z
e
n
e
)
n

N
C
/
N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
,

1
,
1
,
1
-
71
-
5
5
-
6
25
0
0
LD
Eth
a
n
e

t
r
i
c
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
;

v
i
n
y
l

t
r
i
c
h
l
o
r
i
d
e

n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

4
/
0
9
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
,

1
,
1
,
2
79
-
0
0
-
5
0.
5
9
16
y

N
R
W
Q
C

0
6
/
R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
79
-
0
1
-
6
2.5
30
TC
E
y

N
C

Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
f
l
u
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
75
-
6
9
-
4
9.
1

m
g
/
L
67

m
g
/
L
Fr
e
o
n
1
1
;

F
r
i
g
e
n
1
1
;

A
r
c
t
o
n

1
1
n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
1,1
,
2
-
t
r
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
1
,
2
,
2
-
t
r
i
f
l
u
o
r
o
e
t
h
a
n
e
76
-
1
3
-
1
71
0

m
g
/
L
22
0
0

m
g
/
L
Fr
e
o
n

1
1
3
n

I
R
I
S

&

R
A
I
S

1
/
0
7
Pa
g
e

9

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
Tr
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
p
r
o
p
a
n
e
,

1
,
2
,
3
-
96
-
1
8
-
4
0.0
0
1
0.
0
1
1,
2
,
3
-
T
C
P
c

E
C
O
T
O
X

/

I
R
I
S

/

R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Tr
i
m
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
,
4
-
95
-
6
3
-
6
(L
D
)
(L
D
)

n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Tr
i
m
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
3
,
5
-
-
10
8
-
6
7
-
8
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
13
0
21
5
Me
s
i
t
y
l
e
n
e
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

8
/
1
0
Tr
i
n
i
t
r
o
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,
1
,
3
,
5
-
99
-
3
5
-
4
(L
D
)
1.
0

m
g
/
L
75

m
g
/
L
TN
B
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tr
i
n
i
t
r
o
p
h
e
n
y
l
m
e
t
h
y
l
n
i
t
r
a
m
i
n
e
47
9
-
4
5
-
8
14
0
4.3

m
g
/
L
Me
t
h
y
l
-
2
,
4
,
6
-
t
r
i
n
i
t
r
o
p
h
e
n
y
l
n
i
t
r
a
m
i
n
e

(T
e
t
r
y
l
)
n

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tr
i
n
i
t
r
o
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
,

2
,
4
,
6
-
11
8
-
9
6
-
7
1.1
39
TN
T
y

E
C
O
T
O
X

&

R
A
I
S

2
/
0
7
Tu
r
b
i
d
i
t
y
50
/
2
5

N
T
U

(
N
)

2
5

N
T
U

(
N
)

1
0

N
T
U

(
N
)
NA

N
C
Vi
n
y
l

C
h
l
o
r
i
d
e
75
-
0
1
-
4
0.0
2
5
2.4
ch
l
o
r
o
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
y

N
C
Xy
l
e
n
e
s
,

m
i
x
t
u
r
e
13
3
0
-
2
0
-
7
67
0
(L
D
)
45
0
NA

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Xy
l
e
n
e
,

m
-
10
8
-
3
8
-
3
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
42
0
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
3
-

n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Xy
l
e
n
e
,

p
-
10
6
-
4
2
-
3
(L
D
)
(L
D
)
13
0
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
4
-

n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Xy
l
e
n
e
,

o
-
95
-
4
7
-
6
60
0
(L
D
)
40
0
Dim
e
t
h
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
,

1
,
2
-

n

E
C
O
T
O
X
/
I
R
I
S
/
R
A
I
S

6
/
1
2
Zin
c
74
4
0
-
6
6
-
6
50

(
A
L
)
86

(
A
L
)
nNC
Re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
,

C
o
d
e
s
,

A
n
d

A
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l

I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
*T
o

d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e

t
h
e

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
,

u
s
e

t
h
e

m
o
s
t

s
t
r
i
n
g
e
n
t

o
f

a
l
l

a
p
p
l
i
c
a
b
l
e

c
o
l
u
m
n
s
.
F
o
r

C
l
a
s
s

C

o
r

S
C
,

u
s
e

t
h
e

m
o
s
t

s
t
r
i
n
g
e
n
t

o
f

f
r
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

(
o
r
,

i
f

a
p
p
l
i
c
a
b
l
e
,

s
a
l
t
w
a
t
e
r
)

c
o
l
u
m
n

a
n
d

t
h
e

H
u
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

c
o
l
u
m
n
.
Fo
r

a

W
S

w
a
t
e
r
,

u
s
e

t
h
e

m
o
s
t

s
t
r
i
n
g
e
n
t

o
f

F
r
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r
,

W
S

&

H
u
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h
.

T
r
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

&

H
i
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

W
a
t
e
r
s

l
i
k
e
w
i
s
e

m
u
s
t

a
d
h
e
r
e t
o

t
h
e

m
o
s
t

s
t
r
i
n
g
e
n
t

o
f

a
l
l

a
p
p
l
i
c
a
b
l
e

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
*

A
l
l

m
e
t
a
l

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

a
r
e

a
s

t
o
t
a
l

r
e
c
o
v
e
r
a
b
l
e

m
e
t
a
l
s
.
*

V
a
l
u
e
s

i
n

r
e
d

f
o
n
t

a
r
e

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

Un
i
t

C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n
s
:

1
.
0

m
g
/
L

=

1
0
0
0
.
0

u
g
/
L

=

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
0

n
g
/
L

1
.
0

n
g
/
L

=

0
.
0
0
1

u
g
/
L

=

0
.
0
0
0
0
0
1

m
g
/
L
(A
L
)

A
c
t
i
o
n

L
e
v
e
l

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

-

S
e
e

2
B

.
0
2
1
1

f
o
r

a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n

(
N
)

=

N
a
r
r
a
t
i
v
e

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

S
e
e

2
B

.
0
2
1
1

a
n
d

f
o
r

W
S
:

.
0
2
1
2
,

0
2
1
4
,
.
0
2
1
5
,

.
0
2
1
6

a
n
d
.
0
2
1
8
(W
S
)

W
a
t
e
r

s
u
p
p
l
y

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

b
a
s
e
d

o
n

c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n

o
f

w
a
t
e
r

a
n
d

f
i
s
h

-

s
e
e

2
B

.
0
2
0
8
(E
)

F
o
r

e
f
f
l
u
e
n
t

l
i
m
i
t
s

o
n
l
y
.

S
e
e

2
B

.
0
2
2
4
(N
T
U
)

N
e
p
h
e
l
o
m
e
t
r
i
c

T
u
r
b
i
d
i
t
y

U
n
i
t
s

-
W
S

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

a
r
e

a
p
p
l
i
c
a
b
l
e

t
o

all

Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
(H
H
)

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

b
a
s
e
d

o
n

c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n

o
f

f
i
s
h

o
n
l
y

-

s
e
e

2
B

.
0
2
0
8
S =

T
o
x
i
c
i
t
y

e
x
c
e
e
d
s

s
o
l
u
b
i
l
i
t
y
,

n
o

v
i
s
i
b
l
e

s
h
e
e
n

o
r

f
r
e
e

p
r
o
d
u
ct
i
n

w
a
t
e
r

o
r

o
n

s
e
d
i
m
e
n
t

o
r

s
h
o
r
e
l
i
n
e

p
e
r

2
B

.
0
2
1
1

&

.
0
2
2
0
(H
Q
W
)

H
i
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

W
a
t
e
r
s

-

s
e
e

0
2
B

.
0
1
0
1

a
n
d

.
0
2
0
1
(S
w
)

S
w
a
m
p

W
a
t
e
r
s

-

a
s

d
e
f
i
n
e
d

b
y

0
2
B

.
0
1
0
1
(L
D
)

L
i
m
i
t
e
d

d
a
t
a

a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
,

c
a
l
l

f
o
r

i
n
f
o
(T
r
)

T
r
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

-

a
s

d
e
f
i
n
e
d

b
y

0
2
B

.
0
1
0
1

a
n
d

0
3
0
1
DH
H
S
:

T
P-
S
M
:

D
e
p
t
.

o
f

H
e
a
l
t
h

a
n
d

H
u
m
a
n

S
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
.

2
0
0
3

T
o
x
i
c
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l

P
r
o
f
i
l
e

f
o
r

S
u
l
f
u
r

M
u
s
t
a
r
d

(
U
p
d
a
t
e
)
EC
O
T
O
X

=

U
S

E
P
A

E
C
O
T
O
X
i
c
o
l
o
g
y

D
a
t
a
b
a
s
e

S
y
s
t
e
m
EP
A

2
0
0
3

D
r
a
f
t

A
t
r
a
z
i
n
e
:

2
0
0
3

A
m
b
i
e
n
t

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e

W
Q

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

f
o
r

A
t
r
a
z
i
n
e
-

R
e
v
i
s
e
d

D
r
a
ft;

EP
A
-
8
2
2
-
R
-
0
3
-
0
2
3
EP
A

4
4
0
/
5
-
8
0
-
0
6
4
:

A
m
b
i
e
n
t

W
a
t
e
r

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

f
o
r

N
i
t
r
o
a
m
i
n
e
s
;

p
g
.

C
-
6
6
EP
I
W
I
N

=

E
P
A
'
s

E
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
o
n

P
r
o
g
r
a
m

I
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e

f
o
r

W
i
n
d
o
w
s

d
a
t
a
b
a
s
e
HH
W
S
S
A
:

H
e
r
b
i
c
i
d
e

H
a
n
d
b
o
o
k

o
f

t
h
e

W
e
e
d

S
c
i
e
n
c
e

S
o
c
i
e
t
y

o
f

A
m
e
r
i
c
a
.

1
9
8
9
.

S
i
x
t
h

e
d
i
t
i
o
n
.
IR
I
S

=

E
P
A
'
s

I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d

R
i
s
k

I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n

S
y
s
t
e
m

MA
D
E
P

t
o
x

s
t
u
d
i
e
s
:

T
o
t
a
l

P
e
t
r
o
l
e
u
m

H
y
d
r
o
c
a
r
b
o
n

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

W
o
r
k
i
n
g

G
r
o
u
p

o
f

t
h
e

M
a
s
s
a
c
h
u
s
e
t
t
s

D
e
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t

o
f

E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l

P
r
o
t
e
c
t
io
n

5
/
2
0
0
2
.
MB
A
S
:

a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l

n
a
r
r
a
t
i
v
e

l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e

i
s

l
o
c
a
t
e
d

i
n

0
2
B

.
0
2
1
2
,

.
0
2
1
4
,

.
0
2
1
5
,

.
0
2
1
6
,

.
0
2
1
8
~~

N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
e
t
h
y
l
a
m
i
n
e

(
C
A
S

#

5
5
-
1
8
-
5
)

t
o
x
i
c
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l

d
a
t
a

u
s
e
d

t
o

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
(
s
e
e

E
P
A

N
R
W
Q
C
:
2
0
0
2

HH
C
M
)
.

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

a
p
p
l
i
e
s

t
o

N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
e
t
h
y
l
a
m
i
n
e

a
n
d

o
t
h
e
r

n
i
t
r
o
s
a
m
i
n
e
s

(
e
x
c
e
p
t
i
o
n
:
N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
m
e
t
h
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
b
u
t
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
,

N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
p
y
r
r
o
l
i
d
i
n
e
,

N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
p
h
e
n
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
,

a
n
d

N
-
n
i
t
r
o
s
o
d
i
-
n
-
p
r
o
p
y
l
a
m
i
n
e
)
NC

=

N
o
r
t
h

C
a
r
o
l
i
n
a

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

(
R
e
d

B
o
o
k

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

a
r
e

b
o
l
d
e
d

i
n

re
d
f
o
n
t
)
NR
W
Q
C

=

E
P
A
'
s

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

R
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
d

W
a
t
e
r

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

(
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
w
a
t
e
r
.
e
p
a
.
g
o
v
/
s
c
i
t
e
c
h
/
s
w
g
u
i
d
a
n
c
e
/
s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
/
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
/
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
/
i
nd
e
x
.
c
f
m
)

;

1
1
/
0
2

H
u
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n

M
a
t
r
i
x

Pa
g
e

1
0

o
f

1
1
Th
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g

s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
,

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,

o
r

t
o
x
i
c

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s

a
r
e

e
i
t
h
e
r

a
d
o
p
t
e
d

p
e
r

1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
B

o
r

a
r
e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a

p
e
r

E
P
A
.
S
e
e

l
a
s
t

p
a
g
e

f
o
r

a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e

u
s
e

i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.

Current as of 5/15/2013
Po
l
l
u
t
a
n
t

C
A
S

#
Fr
e
s
h
w
a
t
e
r

Aq
u
a
t
i
c

L
i
f
e
Sa
l
t
w
a
t
e
r

A
q
u
a
t
i
c

Li
f
e
Wa
t
e
r

S
u
p
p
l
y

(
W
S
)

Hu
m
a
n

H
e
a
l
t
h

(H
H
)
Tr
o
u
t

W
a
t
e
r
s

(T
r
)
Hi
g
h

Q
u
a
l
i
t
y

Wa
t
e
r
s

(
H
Q
W
)
Sw
a
m
p

Wa
t
e
r
s

(S
w
)
Sy
n
o
n
y
m
s

&

O
t
h
e
r

I
n
f
o
CarcinogenData Reference Source(s)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)

u
g
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

n
o
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
ug
/
l

(
u
n
l
e
s
s

no
t
e
d
)
(O
G
)
=

t
a
k
e

t
h
e

l
o
w
e
s
t

L
C
5
0

a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e

f
o
r

t
h
e

p
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r

t
y
p
e

o
f

O
G

y
o
u

h
a
v
e

(
o
r

s
i
m
i
l
a
r

O
G
)

a
n
d

m
u
l
t
i
p
l
y

i
t

b
y

a

s
a
f
e
t
y

f
a
c
t
o
r

of

0
.
0
1

t
o

o
b
t
a
i
n

t
h
e

c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
PA
H
=
A
p
p
l
i
e
s

t
o

t
o
t
a
l

P
A
H
s

p
r
e
s
e
n
t

a
n
d

i
n
c
l
u
d
e
s

t
h
e

f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
:

b
e
n
z
o
(
a
)
a
n
t
h
r
a
c
e
n
e
,

b
e
n
z
o
(
a
)
p
y
r
e
n
e
,

b
e
n
z
o
(
b
)
f
l
u
o
r
a
n
t
h
e
n
e
,

b
e
n
z
o
(
k
)f
l
u
o
r
a
n
t
h
e
n
e
,

c
h
r
y
s
e
n
e
,

d
i
b
e
n
z
(
a
,
h
)
a
n
t
h
r
a
c
e
n
e

a
n
d

i
n
d
e
n
o
(
1
,
2
,
3
-
c
d
)
p
y
r
e
n
e
PA
N
:

P
e
s
t
i
c
i
d
e

D
a
t
a
b
a
s
e
.

h
t
t
p
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
pe
s
t
i
c
i
d
e
i
n
f
o.
o
r
g
/
I
n
d
e
x
.
h
t
m
l
RA
I
S
=

R
i
s
k

A
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t

I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n

S
y
s
t
e
m
;

T
o
x
i
c
i
t
y

&

C
h
e
m
i
c
a
l

S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c

F
a
c
t
o
r
s

d
a
t
a
b
a
s
e

Se
P
R
O

C
o
r
p
.

M
S
D
S

f
o
r

9
,
1
0
-
A
n
t
h
r
a
q
u
i
n
o
n
e
Ve
r
s
c
h
u
e
r
e
n
=

H
a
n
d
b
o
o
k

o
f

E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l

D
a
t
a

o
n

C
h
e
m
i
c
a
l
s
,

2
n
d

E
d
i
t
i
o
n
;

K
a
r
e
l

V
e
r
s
c
h
u
e
r
e
n
Ca
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n
i
c
i
t
y

C
o
l
o
r

K
e
y
:
Kn
o
w
n

t
o

c
a
u
s
e

c
a
n
c
e
r

i
n

h
u
m
a
n
s

(
y
)
Blu
e
No
t

k
n
o
w
n

t
o

c
a
u
s
e

c
a
n
c
e
r

i
n

h
u
m
a
n
s

(n
)
Gr
e
e
n
Ca
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n
i
c
i
t
y

n
o
t

a
s
s
e
s
s
e
d

o
r

d
o
e
s

no
t

a
p
p
l
y

(
N
A
)
No

C
o
l
o
r
Pa
g
e

1
1

o
f

1
1
1
Ritter, Christine
From:Ritter, Christine
Sent:Thursday, March 17, 2016 12:46 PM
To:'Daniel Girdner'; Bobby Darden ([e-mail])
Cc:Chao, Ming-tai
Subject:RE: CRSWMA Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan
Mr. 
Darden:                                                                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                             DIN25780 

The revised December 2015 Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan is approved for the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management 
Authority Tuscarora Landfill Permit Numbers 25‐04 and 25‐09.  As the Solid Waste Rules only require 1) the 
concentration of methane gas generated by the facility to not exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive limit for 
methane in facility structures and 2) the concentration of methane gas not exceed the lower explosive limit for methane 
at the property boundary, the NC SWS will allow monitoring of permanent gas probe GP‐8 in place of landfill gas 
monitoring points LFG‐MW‐02, LFG‐MW‐03, LFG‐MW‐04 and LFG‐MW‐05 which are located immediately adjacent to 
the waste cell.  As those discontinued monitoring points have historically yielded methane detections and exceedances, 
it is the facility’s responsibility to ensure human health and safety in areas where methane is known to be present even 
if methane has not yet migrated off‐site. 

If you have any questions, please do not hesitate contacting me. 
Thank you, 

Christine Ritter
Hydrogeologist
Solid Waste Section
Division of Waste Management
NC Dept of Environmental Quality

919 707 8254 office
[e-mail]

Mailing address:
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646

Physical address:
217 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603

Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.

From: Daniel Girdner [mailto:[e-mail]]  
Sent: Monday, February 29, 2016 2:46 PM 
2
To: Ritter, Christine <[e-mail]> 
Subject: RE: CRSWMA Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan ‐ 2015 LFG results and combined map 

Plan size drawings are being sent to your mail address, from below, today. 

Best Regards, 
Dan Girdner 

Daniel S. Girdner │Staff Consultant │
JOYCE ENGINEERING 
Richmond, VA - Greensboro, NC - Charlotte, NC - Charleston, SC│2211 W. Meadowview Rd., Ste. 101, Greensboro, NC 27407 │ tel: [phone] │direct: [phone] │mobile: [phone]│JoyceEngineering.com 

From: Ritter, Christine [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Thursday, February 25, 2016 8:51 AM
To: Daniel Girdner
Subject: RE: CRSWMA Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan - 2015 LFG results and combined map

Dan‐ 
I need a paper copy of Figure 1 and Figure 2 from the Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan that is a minimum of 11” x 17”  (larger 
if possible, but ok if not) to assist in my review. 
Thank you,  
Christine 

From: Daniel Girdner [mailto:[e-mail]]  
Sent: Wednesday, February 24, 2016 7:31 PM 
To: Ritter, Christine <[e-mail]> 
Cc: Alex Everhart <[e-mail]>; Bobby Darden <[e-mail]>; Mousa A. Maimoun 
<[e-mail]>; Chao, Ming‐tai <[e-mail]> 
Subject: FW: CRSWMA Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan ‐ 2015 LFG results and combined map 
Importance: High 

Hello Christine; 

In response to your requests; 

Please find the attached Quarterly LFG Monitoring Logs from 2015. 

Please find attached Drawing 2 with all permanent and bar‐hole monitoring locations, improved labels, and the 
groundwater contour and flow directions super‐imposed on top. We have attempted to prevent the PDF drawings from 
resizing. If you require CADD files or hardcopies, please let us know. 

In further response to your questions: 

The area directly to the east from BHP‐14 and BHP‐15 is Sediment Basin‐4 and then woods. There are no structures 
within the wooded area, or within 1,000 feet of the BHPs. The methane detections in BHP‐14 and ‐15 most likely 
originated from the old Craven County Landfill, which is closer to these points and does not operate an active gas 
collection system. 

While the proposal to discontinue the monitoring of GMW‐02, GMW‐03,  GMW‐04, and GMW‐05 (also referred to as 
LFG‐MW‐# or GMP‐# or GP‐# in past documents) was submitted with the last Operations Plan and the installation of GP‐
08, it currently seems unclear if the facility is allowed to discontinue monitoring. Therefore; the facility will continue to 
3
monitor these points as shown on Drawing 2 as part of quarterly monitoring until approval to discontinue from DEQ is 
clear in the future.   

Please feel free to call  or contact me with questions. 

Best Regards, 
Dan Girdner 

Daniel S. Girdner │Staff Consultant │  
JOYCE ENGINEERING 
Richmond, VA - Greensboro, NC - Charlotte, NC - Charleston, SC│2211 W. Meadowview Rd., Ste. 101, Greensboro, NC 27407 │ tel: [phone] │direct: [phone] │mobile: [phone]│JoyceEngineering.com 

From: Ritter, Christine [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Wednesday, January 27, 2016 4:55 PM
To: Alex Everhart
Cc: Bobby Darden ([e-mail]); Mousa A. Maimoun; Daniel Girdner; Chao, Ming-tai
Subject: RE: CRSWMA Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan 

Hi Alex‐ 

I have some additional requests for information regarding the Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan: 

The monitoring data for 2015 was not included in the information you submitted.  Can you please send me the quarterly 
landfill gas monitoring data for 2015? 

Please submit a plan sheet sized map of the facility with the locations of the formerly sampled landfill gas monitoring 
points.  (MP‐1) 

Please submit a plan sheet sized map of the facility illustrating the current and proposed bar‐hole punch locations. 
(Figure 2 located in the Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan). 

I agree that it makes sense to move the monitoring points away from the edge of waste and closer to the property 
boundaries, but first I need to get a better idea of the locations of areas with landfill gas problems.  For example, it looks 
like there were some elevated levels of methane reported in BHP‐14 and BHP‐15 but I cannot tell what the structure is 
directly east of those bar‐hole punch locations.   

Please super impose shallow aquifer groundwater flow direction on the above maps and illustrate the locations of the 
ditches which are referenced in the text of the Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan. 

Thank you, 

Christine Ritter 
Hydrogeologist 
Solid Waste Section 
Division of Waste Management 
NC Dept of Environmental Quality 

919 707 8254 office 
[e-mail] 

Mailing address: 
1646 Mail Service Center 
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646 

Physical address: 
4
217 West Jones Street 
Raleigh, NC 27603 

Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the 
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties. 

From: Alex Everhart [mailto:[e-mail]]  
Sent: Wednesday, December 09, 2015 10:49 PM 
To: Ritter, Christine <[e-mail]> 
Cc: Bobby Darden ([e-mail]) <[e-mail]>; Mousa A. Maimoun 
<[e-mail]>; Daniel Girdner <[e-mail]> 
Subject: CRSWMA Updated Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan 

Christine‐ 

I have attached the Updated versions of the “Stand Alone” Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan. I also included per your request 
all of the monitoring data from 2011 to present to assist in your evaluation.  

If you have any questions or problems downloading the files just let me  know. 

Thanks! 

Alex Everhart │Project Consultant │  
JOYCE ENGINEERING 
Richmond, VA - Greensboro, NC - Charlotte, NC - Charleston, SC│2211 W. Meadowview Rd., Ste. 101, Greensboro, NC 27407 │ 
tel: [phone] │direct: [phone] │fax: [phone] │JoyceEngineering.com 

PREPARED FOR:

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
P.O. BOX 128
COVE CITY, NORTH CAROLINA 28523

COASTAL REGIONAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
TUSCARORA LANDFILL
PERMIT NUMBERS 25-04 & 25-09

LANDFILL GAS MONITORING PLAN

REVISED:
DECEMBER 2015

PREPARED BY:

2211 WEST MEADOWVIEW ROAD, SUITE 101
GREENSBORO, NORTH CAROLINA 27407
NC LICENSE NUMBER C-0782
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
JOYCE PROJECT NO. 00618.1601.12.02
Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09
i

LANDFILL GAS MONITORING PLAN
CRSWMA Tuscarora Long Term Regional Landfill
Permit Nos. 25-04 & 25-09

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1
1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................1
1.2 Site Geology and Hydrogeology .......................................................................................1
1.3 Regulatory Limits .............................................................................................................2
2.0 LANDFILL GAS MONITORING ...................................................................................3
2.1 Landfill Gas Monitoring Network ....................................................................................3
2.2 Structure and Ambient Sampling ......................................................................................5
2.3 Landfill Gas Monitoring Frequency .................................................................................5
3.0 LANDFILL GAS SAMPLING PROCEDURES..............................................................5
3.1 Detection Equipment ........................................................................................................5
3.2 Landfill Gas Sampling Procedure .....................................................................................6
4.0 RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING .......................................................................6
4.1 Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form .................................................................................6
4.2 Sampling Reports ..............................................................................................................6
4.3 Permanent Record Keeping ..............................................................................................7
5.0 CONTINGENCY PLAN ..................................................................................................7
6.0 CERTIFICATION OF PROFESSIONAL GEOLOGIST OR ENGINEER .....................8
7.0 CERTIFICATION OF REGISTERED LAND SURVEYOR ..........................................8
8.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................8

Drawings
Figure No. 1 Site Location Map
Drawing No. 1 Shallow Aquifer Potentiometric Surface Contour Map
Drawing No. 2 Landfill Gas Monitoring Locations

Boring Logs
GP-8 Well Construction Record
Appendices
Appendix I Solid Waste Section – Landfill Gas Monitoring Guidance
Appendix II Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form
Appendix III Certification of Professional Geologist or Engineer

Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan (LGMP) will serve as a guidance document for collecting and
monitoring of landfill gas at the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority
(CRSWMA) Tuscarora Landfill. Landfill gas will be monitored quarterly to ensure that methane
does not exceed the regulatory limit at the facility boundary or in facility structures. The LGMP
was prepared in accordance with the rules written in 15A NCAC 13B .1626, Operational
Requirements for municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) facilities, to assure performance
standards are met and to protect public health and the environment.

1.1 Background

The Tuscarora Landfill is owned and operated by the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management
Authority (CRSWMA) and is currently operating under North Carolina Solid Waste Permit Nos.
25-04 and 25-09. The landfill is located off of Old Highway 70, near the town of New Bern in
northwestern Craven County, North Carolina. The property boundary is indicated on an excerpt
from the 7.5 minute USGS topographic map for Jasper, North Carolina.

The Tuscarora Landfill includes four contiguous waste cells; the closed Tuscarora Interim
Regional Landfill (Permit 25-04-MSWLF-1993) and Phases 1, 2, and 3 of the Tuscarora Long-
Term Regional Landfill (Permit 25-09-MSWLF-1999). The Interim Regional Landfill (IRL) was
constructed in accordance with the Federal Subtitle D regulations with a composite liner and
leachate collection and removal system. The IRL began receiving waste in 1993, and stopped
receiving waste by November 1999. The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional (LTR) Landfill (LTR)
is constructed in accordance with Subtitle D requirements, beginning with Phase 1, which was
constructed and began receiving waste in November 1999 and stopped receiving waste in 2005.
Phase 2 was constructed in 2005 and was active from 2005 until June 2013. Phase 3 is the
current, active cell and began receiving waste on June 20, 2013. The Permit to Operate Phase 3
was approved by NC DENR Solid Waste Section on June 6, 2013. The current waste footprint
comprises approximately 79 acres of the 101 acres approved in the permit.

1.2 Site Geology and Hydrogeology

The Tuscarora Landfill is located in the Coastal Plain physiographic province. The Coastal Plain
consists of a wedge of continental and marine sediments that are Cretaceous, Tertiary, and
Quaternary in age. These sediments are approximately 1,500 feet thick in the area of the
Tuscarora Landfill according to the North Carolina State Geologic Map (Brown, 1985). Surface
water is directed through a network of constructed drainage ditches to the north-northeast
towards Jumping Run, a tributary of Bachelor Creek. Shallow groundwater flow is to the east-
southeast towards Beaverdam Branch, which is another tributary of Bachelor Creek located
approximately 2.25 miles away. Bachelor Creek flows to the east to its confluence with the
Neuse River.

The uppermost (shallow) aquifer at the site consists of Miocene to Pleistocene age silty sands,
clayey sands, and sandy clays. The uppermost aquifer is separated from a lower aquifer by a
Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 2

lean to fat clay associated with the Pungo River Formation. The Pungo River Formation is
Miocene in age and consists mainly of marine fat clay to silty clay, which represents a regressive
marine sequence that grades from sandy clay to silty sand at the bottom of the formation (Harris,
1991). The lower aquifer is middle to upper Eocene in age and is part of the Castle Hayne
Formation. It consists of a combination of coquina and a weakly cemented calcarenite.

Both the upper and lower aquifers at the site are primarily made up of coarse sand and silty sand.
The aquifers are separated by a confining layer consisting of marine clays, silty clays, and very
fine silty sands.

Groundwater elevation contours for the shallow aquifer are shown on Drawing 1, and were
interpreted from the April 2015 water level measurements. Groundwater flow of the shallow
aquifer is predominantly to the east-southeast. Groundwater in the deep aquifer usually flows
primarily to the northwest due to dewatering in the borrow area excavations, creating a cone of
depression. However, beginning September 1, 2014, pumping in the borrow area excavations
stopped, allowing the deep aquifer to revert to a more gradual potentiometric surface, and flow to
the southeast. The hydrogeological conditions will continue to be monitored and reported
semiannually.

Horizontal groundwater gradients were estimated based on April 2015 groundwater levels. The
groundwater contours and the groundwater flow lines were used to calculate hydraulic gradients
for the site. The horizontal gradients were estimated to range from 0.0027 to 0.0036 ft/ft for the
shallow aquifer and 0.0082 to 0.0185 ft/ft for the deep aquifer. The gradients generally reflect the
uppermost aquifer underlying the site, the flat topography of the site, and wet storm water
drainage ditches and basins located within the site. The borrow pit area was not actively being
dewatered.

Linear groundwater flow velocities were computed using the following modified Darcy
equation:
V = Ki/n

where V = average linear velocity (feet per day – ft/day), K = hydraulic conductivity (ft/day),
i = horizontal hydraulic gradient, and n = effective porosity. The hydraulic conductivity used to
calculate flow velocities was based on the geometric mean of hydraulic conductivities derived
from slug tests for the shallow and deep aquifers.

The calculated linear groundwater flow velocities from the April 2015 groundwater monitoring
event range from 0.009 to 0.012 ft/day for the shallow aquifer and from 0.177 to 0.399 ft/day for
the deep aquifer. These results are consistent with historical results for the facility. The linear
velocity equation is based on the simplified assumption of a homogeneous and isotropic aquifer.

1.3 Regulatory Limits

This LGMP is designed in accordance with Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1626 to ensure that the
concentration of methane gas generated by the facility does not exceed 25 percent of the lower
Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 3

explosive limit (LEL) for methane in facility structures or that the concentration of methane gas
does not exceed the LEL for methane at the facility property boundary. The LEL for methane
equals 5% by volume at standard temperature and pressure. This LGMP prescribes a routine
methane monitoring program to ensure standards are met and actions to be taken if methane
concentrations exceed specified limits.

2.0 LANDFILL GAS MONITORING

Gas monitoring at the CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill will be performed during the active life of
the landfill and throughout the post-closure care period. At a minimum, quarterly monitoring
will be conducted at the subsurface gas detection boundary probes, soil bar-hole probes, and in
all structures located on the landfill property.

2.1 Landfill Gas Monitoring Network

The Tuscarora Landfill does not pose the potential for subsurface methane migration since the
constructed base grades of the landfill are elevated above the surrounding ground to achieve the
required separation from groundwater. Therefore any lateral migration of landfill gas would be
released to the atmosphere within the landfill property. Moreover, the water table, which is near
ground surface, and the ditches around the landfill that hold water year-round, serve as barriers
to subsurface migration.

The current landfill gas monitoring network locations are shown on Drawing No. 2. The network
currently consists of 3 permanent probes (GP-6, GP-7, and GP-8), and 15 soil bar-hole probes
(BHP-1 through BHP-15). Facility Structures are also monitored including a small shed in the
composting area, the scalehouse and office building, the maintenance shop and a storage shed.

In the past, the Interim Regional Landfill (IRL) was monitored by permanent Landfill Gas
Monitoring Wells LFG-MW-1 through LFG-MW-7, which were installed immediately outside
of waste limits of the IRL, Permit 25-04. Three leachate collection system manholes were also
monitored for landfill gas, as well as the facility structures at the time including an office trailer,
scalehouse, shop, and storage shed. LFG-MW-1 was damaged and/or removed during the Phase
1 expansion of Long-term Regional Landfill (LTRL), Permit 25-09, and the well/probe is no
longer monitored. The LTRL and IRL cells are contiguous with each other; however, each phase
is constructed as a self-contained waste cell, and each Phase was constructed so that the landfill
bottom is above the surrounding ground and at or above elevation 50 feet above mean sea level.
Due to the above ground design and shallow aquifer, temporary soil bar-hole probes are used for
the monitoring network around the LTRL. A soil bar-hole probe (BHP) is made at the time of
monitoring in the soil at the approximate location indicated by the Landfill Gas Monitoring
Locations Drawing for the purpose of sampling soil gas for methane. The BHP is further
described below.

Since LFG-MW-02, LFG-MW-03, LFG-MW-04, and LFG-MW-05 were installed immediately
adjacent to the IRL waste cell, they do not monitor conditions at the facility boundary. LFG-
MW-02, LFG-MW-03, LFG-MW-04, and LFG-MW-05 have historically yielded methane
Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 4

detections and exceedances, and in the past the action taken at the time of monitoring was to
perform additional soil bar-hole probes between the permanent probe and the closest property
line or structure to delineate the extent of the methane migration beyond the probe. In 2011
CRSWMA proposed to install a new permanent probe, to be designated GP-8, near the property
boundary where it comes closest to the waste to serve as a permanent boundary monitoring probe
to supersede LFG-MW-02, LFG-MW-03, LFG-MW-04, and LFG-MW-05 for future quarterly
monitoring. The installation of GP-8 was approved by the SWS dated January 20, 2012. Joyce
installed GP-8 on February 18, 2012, and submitted the installation report and well record to
SWS on February 20, 2012. Quarterly Monitoring results for GP-8 have consistently shown no
methane even when there were detections or exceedances monitored in LFG-MW-02, LFG-MW-
03, LFG-MW-04, and LFG-MW-05 demonstrating methane from the IRL is not migrating
beyond the facility boundary.

Monitoring Probe Summary

Probe ID 1. Monitoring
Status
Total
Depth
(ft)
Screen
Interval (ft) 2.
Depth to
GW (ft) Lithology
LFG-MW-01 Abandoned N/A N/A -
All Probes:
Silty Sand,
Clayey Sand,
Sandy Clay of
Pungo River
Formation.
LFG-MW-02 Inactive 13 3 to 13 Appx. 6
LFG-MW-03 Inactive 12 3 to 12 Appx. 6
LFG-MW-04 Inactive 14 4 to 14 Appx. 6
LFG-MW-05 Inactive 12.3 2.3 to 12.3 Appx. 6
GP-6 Active boundary 12.5 2.5 to 12.5 Appx. 6
GP-7 Active boundary 12.8 2.5 to 12.8 Appx. 6
GP-8 Active boundary 7 2 to 7 Appx. 7
BHP-1 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-2 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-3 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-4 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-5 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-6 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-7 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-8 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-9 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-10 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-11 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-12 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-13 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-14 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4
BHP-15 Active boundary 1.5 – 3.0 N/A Appx. 4

Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 5

1. Probe Identification: The old permanent gas monitoring probes and are tagged as GMP-06; they have also been
referred to in past documentation as Landfill Gas Monitoring Wells (LFG-MW-06), or more recently as Gas
Probes (GP-06).
2. Estimated based on typical 10-feet of screen.
N/A = Not Applicable

The old LFG-MWs were constructed circa 1994, with a 1-inch diameter PVC Schedule 40 screen
and flush-thread riser pipe and has been fitted with a quick-connect coupling with a shut-off
valve. The old LFG-MWs have 1-foot by 1-foot concrete well pads and 4-inch PVC Schedule
40 outer casings with PVC caps. GP-8 was constructed in 2012 in accordance with the Section
Guidance Document, with 2-inch schedule-40 PVC screen with 0.010 slot and flush-threaded
riser pipe, PVC cap fitted with “quick-connect” shut-off valve, a concrete well pad, and an outer
protective casing, and driller’s well tag. The soil BHPs are made by driving a quarter-inch steel
rod 18 to 36 inches below the ground surface, but staying above the groundwater table, followed
by the insertion of a tube connected to the methane gas monitoring instrument.

2.2 Structure and Ambient Sampling

There is over 1,200 feet to the nearest temporary structure, and over 2,000 feet to the permanent
facility structures; however, the structures will be monitored for safety due to the proximity of
the older closed Craven County Landfill. Four structures are currently monitored for explosive
gases. The applicable regulatory limit for structures is less than 25% of the LEL for methane.
The structures include the CRSWMA offices and scalehouse building, the maintenance shop, a
storage shed behind the shop, and a small shed in the compost area. The monitored structures
are identified on Drawing No. 2.

2.3 Landfill Gas Monitoring Frequency

The landfill gas probes and on-site structures included in this LGMP are monitored at least
quarterly in accordance with Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1626(4)(b)(ii).

3.0 LANDFILL GAS SAMPLING PROCEDURES

Landfill gas samples will be collected in accordance with Solid Waste Section’s Landfill Gas
Monitoring Guidance Document. Details of detection equipment and sampling procedures are
outlined below.

3.1 Detection Equipment

A portable combustible gas analyzer, measuring the concentration of combustible gases in units
of percent of LEL and/or percent volume, shall be used to conduct gas monitoring. The LEL
(lower explosive limit) means the lowest percent by volume of a mixture of combustible gas in
air that will propagate a flame at 25 degrees Celsius and atmospheric pressure. If an instrument
gives readings only in percent volume, a conversion into % LEL will be made in order to
complete the Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form.

Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 6

The gas monitor shall be calibrated to methane using the manufacturer's calibration kit and
procedure before the monitoring activities begin. The calibration gas to be used depends on the
expected levels of methane in landfill gas monitoring locations. If low level methane is expected
15% CO2/15% CH4 calibration gas should be used; but if high level methane is expected, 35%
CO2/ 50% CH4 calibration gas should be used. Verification that the equipment was calibrated in
accordance with the manufacture’s specifications is required. Calibration information must be
recorded on the Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form.

3.2 Landfill Gas Sampling Procedure

The portable combustible gas monitor will be turned on and allowed to warm up prior to gas
sampling. The static pressure instrument should show a reading of zero before taking the initial
sample. The sample tube shall be purged for at least one minute prior to connecting the sample
tube to the monitoring probe then the initial concentration will be recorded. Gas monitoring will
continue until the reading has stabilized. A stable reading is considered to be +/- 0.5% by volume
on the instrument’s scale. Once the reading has stabilized for 5 seconds, the reading will be
recorded and the tube will be disconnected from the valve. These steps will be repeated for each
landfill gas monitoring well. These steps will also be followed for each soil bar-hole probe
except that a probe location has to be created by driving a 1/4-inch rod into the soil up to 36
inches deep, then the sampling tube will be immediately inserted into the depth of the bar-hole
for sampling soil gas.

Gas monitoring in the facility’s buildings will attempt to identify the "worst case"
concentrations. The monitoring locations will be in corners along floors and ceilings, at cracks
in the floor, and at other areas likely to accumulate gas. Gas monitoring will also be conducted
in any confined space requiring the entry of personnel for maintenance or inspection. Such
monitoring will take place prior to entry by personnel in accordance with OSHA regulations.

4.0 RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING

The landfill gas data will be recorded in accordance to the SWS’s Landfill Gas Monitoring
Guidance Document included as Appendix I. The records will be maintained in the landfill
operating record.

4.1 Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form

A landfill gas monitoring form is included as Appendix II.

4.2 Sampling Reports

The landfill gas monitoring report will be prepared in accordance 15A NCAC 13B. 0500 and
.1600 Rules. The SWS Landfill Gas Monitoring Guidance Document in Appendix I covers the
current SWS rules pertaining to landfill gas monitoring. The report will describe the method of
sampling, the date, time, location, sampling personnel, atmospheric temperature, reported
barometric pressure, equipment calibration information, exceptions noted during sampling, and
Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 7

general weather conditions at the time of sampling, in addition to the concentration of
combustible gases.

4.3 Permanent Record Keeping

A copy of the landfill gas monitoring results and any remediation plans will be maintained in the
landfill operating record. The reports will be maintained at the facility or an alternative location
near the facility approved by the Division.

5.0 CONTINGENCY PLAN

If methane gas levels exceeding the regulatory limits specified in 15A NCAN 13B .1626(4)(a)
are detected, the results shall be reported to CRSWMA immediately. The Authority will notify
the NCDEQ, SWS in writing and will take immediate steps to ensure safety and protection of
human health.

If methane levels exceed the LEL in existing gas probes, the need for additional gas probes will
be evaluated, as well as the need for monitoring within any nearby structures in the direction of
the gas migration. If the exceedence is in a gas probe not located at or near a property boundary,
additional investigation including use of bar-hole probes or temporary gas probes may be
implemented to determine whether or not the exceedence extends to the property boundary. If
necessary, additional permanent gas probes may be installed between the exceeding probe(s) and
the property boundary to demonstrate that the site is in compliance.

If the compliance level is exceeded in an on-site structure, options will be evaluated to reduce the
current methane levels and to prevent further migration of methane into the structure. At a
minimum, the following actions will be taken if the methane concentration exceeds 25% in any
structure:

• Put out all smoking materials and turn off all ignition sources;
• Evacuate all personnel;
• Vent the structure;
• Do not allow personnel to reenter the building except to perform gas monitoring until the
results of additional monitoring indicate that methane concentrations are sustained or
stabilized below 25% LEL;
• Begin continuous monitoring within the structure; and
• Undertake an assessment to determine the origin and pathways of the gas migration.

Within seven days of detection, the monitoring results will be placed in the Operating Record
and the County will indicate actions taken and actions proposed to resolve the problem. Within
60 days of detection, the Authority will develop and implement a landfill gas remediation plan
for the combustible gas releases and notify the Division that the plan has been implemented. The
plan will describe the nature and extent of the problem and the proposed remedy.

Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 8

6.0 CERTIFICATION OF PROFESSIONAL GEOLOGIST OR ENGINEER

The Certification of Professional Geologist or Engineer is included as Appendix III.

7.0 CERTIFICATION OF REGISTERED LAND SURVEYOR

All future landfill gas monitoring probes will be surveyed for location and elevation by a North
Carolina Registered Land Surveyor.

8.0 REFERENCES

Brown, Philip M., Chief Geologist, 1985, Geologic Map of North Carolina, The North Carolina
Geologic Survey, scale 1:500,000.

Fetter, C.W., 1994, Applied Hydrogeology, Third Edition: Macmillan College Publishing
Company.

Harris, W. Burleigh and Zullo, Victor A., 1991, Eocene and Oligocene Stratigraphy of the Outer Coastal Plain, in Horton, J. W., Jr., and Zullo, V. A., eds., The Geology of the Carolinas: Carolina Geological Society Fiftieth Anniversary Volume: The University of Tennessee Press, p.
251-262.

HDR Engineering, Inc., 1995, Site Study: The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill; The Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority, Craven County, North Carolina,
November 1995.

HDR Engineering, Inc., 1997, Construction Permit Application: Phase I The Tuscarora Long-
Term Regional Landfill: The Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority, Tuscarora, North Carolina, March 1997.

Joyce Engineering, Inc., 2003, Design Hydrogeological Report & Groundwater Monitoring
Plan, Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill Phase 2 Expansion, July 2003.

McKim & Creed, P.A., 1997, The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill: Subtitle D Landfill Construction Plan Application Modification for The Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority, Tuscarora, North Carolina, March 1997.

McKim & Creed, P.A., 1999, The Tuscarora Long-Term Regional Landfill: Subtitle D Landfill Site Application Modification for The Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority, Tuscarora, North Carolina, September.

Joyce Engineering, Inc., July 2015. First Semiannual Groundwater Quality Monitoring Report
of 2015, CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill, Craven County, North Carolina.

Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan Joyce Engineering
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill December 2015
Permit No. 25-04& 25-09 9

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, 1990-2011, Solid Waste
Management Regulations.

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, November 2010, Landfill Gas Monitoring Guidance.

Drawings

Figure No. 1 Site Location Map
Drawing No. 1 Shallow Aquifer Potentiometric Surface Contour Map
Drawing No. 2 Landfill Gas Monitoring Locations
M
W
-
1
3
S
M
W
-
1
3
D
M
W
-
1
4
R
I
R
L
-
1
S
I
R
L
-
1
D
I
R
L
-
2
D

(
A
B
A
N
D
O
N
E
D
)
I
R
L
-
3
S
I
R
L
-
3
D
I
R
L
-
4
S
I
R
L
-
4
D
I
R
L
-
5
S
I
R
L
-
5
D
L
S
T
-
1
S
L
S
T
-
1
D
L
S
T
-
2
S
L
S
T
-
2
D
L
S
T
-
3
S
L
S
T
-
3
D
L
S
T
-
5
S
L
S
T
-
5
D
M
W
-
1
2
D
M
W
-
7
F
A
C
I
L
I
T
Y

S
C
A
L
E
S
H
O
P
/
O
F
F
I
C
E
A
N
D

S
C
A
L
E

H
O
U
S
E
L
E
A
C
H
A
T
E
L
A
G
O
O
N
E
X
I
S
T
I
N
G
L
E
A
C
H
A
T
E
F
O
R
C
E
M
A
I
N
S
E
D
I
M
E
N
T

B
A
S
I
N

S
B
-
1
P
U
M
P

S
T
A
T
I
O
N
(
S
E
M
I
-
A
N
N
U
A
L

L
E
A
C
H
A
T
E
S
A
M
P
L
I
N
G

L
O
C
A
T
I
O
N
)
T
I
R
E

D
I
S
P
O
S
A
L

A
R
E
A
M
M
M
M
P
R
O
P
O
S
E
D
A
C
C
E
S
S

R
O
A
D
E
D
G
E

O
F

L
I
N
E
R

/
L
I
M
I
T
S

O
F

W
A
S
T
E
L
S
T
-
4
S
L
S
T
-
4
D
L
S
T
-
6
S
L
S
T
-
6
D
M
A
N
H
O
L
E
(
T
Y
P
I
C
A
L
)
3
0
0
'

P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

B
U
F
F
E
R
S
E
D
I
M
E
N
T

B
A
S
I
N
S
B
-
4
E
X
I
S
T
I
N
G

A
C
T
I
V
E
L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L

G
A
S

S
Y
S
T
E
M
M
W
-
1
2
S
3
0
0
'
-
0
"
P
Z
-
3
6
P
Z
-
3
7
I
N
G
E
N
C
O

L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L

G
A
S
T
O

E
N
E
R
G
Y

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
Y
P
U
B
L
I
C

C
O
N
V
E
N
I
E
N
C
E
C
E
N
T
E
R
S
E
D
I
M
E
N
T

B
A
S
I
N

S
B
-
2
S
E
D
I
M
E
N
T

B
A
S
I
N
S
B
-
5
S
E
D
I
M
E
N
T

B
A
S
I
N
S
B
-
3
S
E
D
I
M
E
N
T

B
A
S
I
N
S
B
-
6
L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L
E
N
T
R
A
N
C
E
N
E
W
-
B
M
T
U
S
-
7
T
U
S
-
6
T
U
S
-
1
T
U
S
-
9
T
U
S
-
2
T
U
S
-
3
T
U
S
-
4
T
U
S
-
5
x
x
x
x
x
x
M
W
-
A
M
W
-
1
0
M
W
-
1
1
D
M
W
-
1
1
S
M
W
-
1
4

(
A
B
A
N
D
O
N
E
D
)
I
R
L
-
2
D
A
I
R
L
-
2
S
A
S
W
P
T
-
1
S
W
P
T
-
2
U
D
-
2
U
D
-
3
L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L
G
A
S

F
L
A
R
E
M
W
-
1
8
D
M
W
-
1
8
S
M
W
-
1
9
D
M
W
-
1
9
S
M
W
-
1
5
D
M
W
-
1
5
S
M
W
-
1
6
D
M
W
-
1
7
D
M
W
-
1
7
S
M
W
-
2
0
D
M
W
-
1
6
S
R
M
W
-
2
1
D
A
P
P
R
O
X
I
M
A
T
E

W
H
I
T
E
G
O
O
D
S

D
I
S
P
O
S
A
L

A
R
E
A
G
P
-
6
G
P
-
7
G
P
-
8
B
H
P
-
1
1
B
H
P
-
1
2
B
H
P
-
1
3
B
H
P
-
1
5
B
H
P
-
1
4
B
A
R

H
O
L
E

L
O
C
A
T
I
O
N
S
A
R
E

A
P
P
R
O
X
I
M
A
T
E
.
S
T
O
R
A
G
E

S
H
E
D
L
E
G
E
N
D
:

B
A
R

H
O
L
E

P
R
O
B
E

L
O
C
A
T
I
O
N

A
C
T
I
V
E

L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L

G
A
S

M
O
N
I
T
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
C
A
T
I
O
N
S

G
R
O
U
N
D
W
A
T
E
R

C
O
N
T
O
U
R

(
F
R
O
M

1
0
-
1
5

E
L
E
V
A
T
I
O
N

D
A
T
A
)

G
R
O
U
N
D
W
A
T
E
R

F
L
O
W

V
E
C
T
O
R

(
1
0
-
1
5

G
R
O
U
N
D
W
A
T
E
R

R
E
P
O
R
T
)
B
H
P
-
1
1
G
P
-
8
C
O
M
P
O
S
T

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
Y

S
H
E
D
B
H
P
-
1
B
H
P
-
2
B
H
P
-
3
B
H
P
-
4
B
H
P
-
5
B
H
P
-
6
B
H
P
-
1
0
G
M
W
-
5
G
M
W
-
3
S
T
O
R
M
W
A
T
E
R
C
H
A
N
N
E
L
45
4
4
4
3
42
40
3
9
40
39
46
4
5
4
6
44
44
40
4
0
G
M
W
-
2
4
3
I
R
L
-
2
S

(
A
B
A
N
D
O
N
E
D
)
G
M
W
-
4
P
R
O
J
E
C
T

N
O
.
APPROVED
CHECKED
DRAWN
DESIGNED
DATE
DATE REVISIONS AND RECORD OF ISSUE BYNO APPCK
S
C
A
L
E
All rights reserved.
” Joyce Engineering, Inc.
D
R
A
W
I
N
G

N
O
.
L:\CRSWMA\dwg\2015 lfg plan\LFG-01 LFG MONITORING PLAN.dwg Layout=Layout1
NC CORP LIC: C-0782
0
(
F
E
E
T
)
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

S
C
A
L
E
8
0
0
4
0
0
2
0
0
N
O
T
E
:
1
.
N
O

R
E
S
I
D
E
N
T
I
A
L

W
E
L
L
S

A
R
E

L
O
C
A
T
E
D

W
I
T
H
I
N

5
0
0

F
E
E
T
O
F

T
H
E

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
Y

B
O
U
N
D
A
R
Y
.
2
.
N
O

P
R
I
V
A
T
E

R
E
S
I
D
E
N
C
E
S

A
R
E

L
O
C
A
T
E
D

W
I
T
H
I
N

5
0
0

F
E
E
T
O
F

T
H
E

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
Y

B
O
U
N
D
A
R
Y
.
3
.
A
C
C
O
R
D
I
N
G

T
O

T
H
E

F
E
D
E
R
A
L

E
M
E
R
G
E
N
C
Y

M
A
N
A
G
E
M
E
N
T
A
G
E
N
C
Y
,

N
O

F
L
O
O
D
P
L
A
I
N
S

A
R
E

L
O
C
A
T
E
D

W
I
T
H
I
N

T
H
E
C
U
R
R
E
N
T

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
Y

B
O
U
N
D
A
R
Y
.
CRSWMA- TUSCARORA LANDFILL
TUSCARORA, NORTH CAROLINA
2015
2
A
S

S
H
O
W
N
LANDFILL GAS
MONITORING LOCATIONS
DG
RWH
AE
DG
6
1
8
.
1
6
0
1
.
1
1
11/30/152211 W. MEADOWVIEW ROAD
GREENSBORO, NC 27407
PHONE: [phone] REVISED PER DEQ COMMENTS RWH1 DGDG

Boring Logs
NON RESIDENTIAL WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORD
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources-Division of Water Quality
WELL CONTRACTOR CERTIFICATION #__:p+".....i"'-'O<-..:g""'---"S""--__
:d.TOP OF CASING IS -+3 l FT Above Land Surface*
*Top of casing terminated at/or below land surface may require
.a variance in accordance with 15A NCAC 2C .0118,
~e.YIELD (gpm):NM _~ETHOD OF TEST _
:f.DISINFECTION:Type N ~Amount _..
~g.W~ZONES (depth):
:Top Bottom,_
;Top Bottom,_
:Top Bottom,_
CITY:~e.W BeX\A--COUNTyC.C?\Vevt
TOPOGRAPHIC I LAIj0 SETIING:(checkappropriatebox)
OSlope OValle~J1flat oRidge o Other
LATITUDE ~olQ't.{'f)~"OMS OR 3x.xxxxxxxxx DO
LONGITUDE .,7/0 13,9<17 "OMS OR 7x.xxxxxxxxx DO
Latitudellongitude source:i9(ps Dropographic map
(location of well must be shown on a USGS tapa map andattached to
this form if not using GPS):11.DRILLING LOG
5.FACILITY (Name of the business where the well is located.).Top Bottom
7US(4X:D'[6...\.L.wQ fdl -10...&-:1,__7#---1 _
Facility Name 0 Facility 10#(i~pplicable):1._7t.{oo 01($ttL'()V 10 t".)(,&f7 _---.'1 _
Street Address "7 ,{J?uJ BE'.>r\A./lJ(d-(f5hd.---'1---
City or Town State Zip Code 1 _-Pat 6'CO(W2~6{,,..----
Contiilft Name ~(]•Il -J.....-:1----dd/!LA7.YY/e.UYOWV1 e.IA)'rcy ai)/Ie/~/_----,',--_-
~~~~1
I'::>CUdA6bovo 'biG ()..'L(O·)1======
City or Town State Zip Code
(.3bb)'llfl./63ga.
Area code Phone number
1.WELL CONTRACTOR:
Well Contractor (Individual)
Street Ad~s 'I'---::-,..--~::..t-=-r.:....;l{~'Vt.S:w.a...J,--"TI..•..(-14J<=.J,I.l.'HI...L'JLliAl"---LI\fC0<5?0 ~
City or Town State Zip Code
(70(()J.?:;2 C)t9..13
Area code Phone number
2.WELL INFORMATION:.£
WELL CONSTRUCTION PERMIT#·--I,~':Lta~~_-._
OTHER ASSOCIATED PERMIT#(lf appllcable),..!.'¥....lI,,L/lJ;J4:.=._
SITE WELL 10 #(if apPlicable),_-,,(b__..•P_--<·g~_
3,WELL USE (Check One Box)Monitoring 0 Municipal/Public 0
Industriai/Commercial9 Agricultural 0 Reco,!ery 0 Injection D
IrrigationD Other ~list use)VOw+Ji)'C /ems PCb 'b~
DATE DRILLED a.-(J-I'd.I
4.WELL LOCATION:
6.WELL DETAILS:~?'a.TOTALDEPTH:,__~~~~__~__~__
NO~b,DOES WELL REPLACE EXISTING WELL?YES D
c.WATER LEVEL Below Top of Casing:,JJ~
(Use "+"if Above Top of Casing),
FT.
Top Bottom,_
Top Bottom,_
Top Bottom,_
:7.CASING:Depth ,Diameter'._"1 •II~Torr:±3--Bottom_lX __Ft._tX~__
:Top Bottom Ft._
:Top Bottom Ft.,_
Thickness/
Weight Materialtf..h40 -tP--IC\II.!.....<..L-<__
:8,GROU.T:Depth I I M.at~eri.~AI,n Mvethod
:TOP~Bottom~Ft.~=WY ?a,c...l.:
~TOP~Bottomi'6!tt.Be~'~iAIre.<;vc{)r
:Top Bottom Ft._
:9.SCREEN:DePth~/'Diameter.I)I "1 '1:Top~Bottom Ft.~in,
:Top Bottom Ft.__in.
:Top Bottom Ft.__in,
Slot Size Material,t)IOin.-Py(/
in._
in,_
:10.SAND/GRAVEL PACK:
.'jl Depth J I Size
:Top I (,Bottom"Ft.#/2
:Top Bottom Ft.._
:Top Bottom Ft._
~aterial01f,(.(..,
Formation Description
~l1f~1 ((ez;
:12.REMARKS:
:I DO HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS WELL WAS CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
:15A NCAC 2C,WELL CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS,AND THAT A COPY OF THIS
:RECORO HAS BEEN P:OVYWO THE WEL~OWNER:h.).t.~J'~~f)..J ~-1&
:SIGNATURE OF CERTIFIED WELL CONTRACTOR DATE~Q /(f(!---YM-~"'~1e~v,----_
:PRINTED NAME OF PERSON CON~ING THE WELL
Submit within 30 days of completion to:Division of Water Quality -Information Processing,
1617 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,NC 27699-161,Phone:[phone]
Form GW-1b
Rev.2/09

Appendices

Appendix I Solid Waste Section – Landfill Gas Monitoring Guidance
Appendix II Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form
Appendix III Certification of Professional Geologist or Engineer

Appendix I Solid Waste Section – Landfill Gas Monitoring Guidance

1 

NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT

SOLID WASTE SECTION

LANDFILL GAS MONITORING GUIDANCE

NOVEMBER 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1 – Introduction ………………………………………………………...............................Page 2
Section 2 – Factors Influencing Landfill Gas Generation and Migration …………………………Page 3
Section 3 - Current Solid Waste Section Rules Pertaining to Landfill Gas Monitoring ……….….Page 5
Section 4 – Landfill Gas Incidents and Explosions ………………………………………………..Page 9
Section 5 – Landfill Gas Monitoring Wells……………..………………………………………….Page 11
Section 6 – Landfill Gas Monitoring Instrumentation ……………………………………………..Page 14
Section 7 – References ……………………………………………………………………………..Page 17
Section 8 – Suggested Outline for a Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan ………………………………..Page 18
Section 9 – Checklist of Items to be Included in a Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan ………………....Page 19

2 

SECTION 1 - Introduction
North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules 15A NCAC 13B require quarterly monitoring of methane
gas (at MSW landfills) and quarterly monitoring of methane and other explosive landfill gases (LFG) (at
C&D and other landfills) to ensure that landfill gas does not exceed the lower explosive limit (LEL) at the
facility property boundary or 25 percent of the lower explosive limit in facility structures. If the
concentration exceeds the specified limits, steps must be taken to ensure the protection of public health
and a remediation plan must be implemented immediately. A landfill gas monitoring plan is necessary to
ensure that these performance standards are met and this guidance document was developed to assist in
establishing a standardized procedure for the monitoring of landfill gas.
Background
Organic matter in landfills begins to decompose almost immediately after being placed in a disposal site.
Putrescible wastes such as food products and sewage sludges begin to break down by biological processes
very rapidly whereas paper, cardboard or cellulose based materials are slower to decompose. However,
when conditions become favorable, most organic matter will decompose. The decomposition process
typically goes through several stages that depend on conditions such as pH, temperature, and moisture
content. The final stage results in the production of methane and although the rate of production may
vary, most landfills produce methane.
Landfill Gas Generation
Landfill gas is a natural by-product of the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste in a landfill. The
composition, quantity and rate of landfill gas generation are dependent on the types of waste that are
decomposing and the level of microbial activity within the wastes. The decomposition of biodegradable
waste begins with aerobic decomposition which lasts until the oxygen in the landfill is depleted. The
anaerobic phase then begins, resulting in landfill gas production.
There are four stages of landfill gas composition: the first stage is characterized by elevated nitrogen
levels and occurs when the landfill is new. The second stage is characterized by elevated carbon dioxide
levels and occurs for a relatively short period of time after the initial stage is complete. The third and
fourth stages are characterized by elevated methane concentrations and represent the active life of a
landfill and the post-closure time frame.
Landfill gas is generally composed of 50-55% methane (CH4); 45-50% carbon dioxide (CO2); less than
5% nitrogen (N2); and less than 1% non-methane organic compounds. These individual gases generally
remain co-mingled and do not naturally separate. The Solid Waste Section (SWS) Rules typically focus
on methane (CH4) and its explosive properties due to public safety issues. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is
also of particular concern in landfills and is typically recognized by its rotten egg odor. H2S is
immediately dangerous to life and health at concentrations of 100 parts per million (ppm).
Landfill Gas Migration
The production of landfill gas creates a positive pressure within the landfill that forces the gas to migrate.
Landfill gas migrates from place to place by diffusion and pressure gradient and will follow the path of
least resistance. Subsurface gas typically migrates above the groundwater table and is restricted laterally
by streams. Porous soils lying above the bedrock can serve as pathways to transmit large volumes of gas.
Underground off-site migration is common and can be facilitated by the presence of pipelines, buried
utility corridors or trenches located within or adjacent to the landfill boundaries. Movement depends on
soil type and moisture, and migration distances of 1,500 feet have been observed. Barometric pressure
also influences movement. Falling barometric pressure allows methane to migrate out of the landfill and
into surrounding areas.

3 

SECTION 2 - Factors Influencing Landfill Gas Generation and Migration
Factors that affect landfill gas generation and migration through the subsurface include the following:

Waste Composition
The production of landfill gas is directly related to the amount of organic matter present in waste. The
bacteria that break down the waste require small amounts of specific minerals such as calcium, potassium,
magnesium and other micronutrients. Bacteria are able to thrive and produce landfill gas if the
minerals/micronutrients are present. If the minerals/micronutrients are not present or if substances that
inhibit bacterial growth exist, landfill gas production will occur at a reduced rate. Some forms of organic
matter such as cellulose break down quickly whereas matter such as lignin breaks down more slowly.
The rate at which landfill gas is produced depends on the proportions of each type of organic matter
present in the waste.

Moisture Content
Landfills with higher moisture content generate higher concentrations of landfill gas in earlier stages of
development (such as during leachate recirculation). Moisture accelerates the methanogenic process.

Temperature
Landfill bacteria are temperature dependant. They are able to survive and function below the freezing
point, but they also function well at temperatures up to 65°C. Anaerobic bacteria produce small amounts
of heat and may not be able to maintain the temperature of a shallow landfill when external temperatures
decrease, so LFG generation may exhibit seasonal variations. Saturated landfills may not achieve ideal
temperatures because the bacteria do not generate sufficient heat to raise the temperature of the excess
water. Higher temperatures promote volatilization and chemical reactions with the waste so the trace gas
component of landfill gas tends to increase with higher landfill temperatures.

Age of Landfill
Typically, landfills have an increasing generation of landfill gas for a number of years until closure at
which time landfill gas generation reaches a peak and begins to subside. An evaluation of the age of the
landfill and use of a landfill gas generation curve can be helpful in determining the likelihood of
significant landfill gas concentrations from the landfill.

Landfill Cap
The type or presence of landfill cover can influence landfill gas generation and migration. Although a low
permeability cap will reduce moisture and landfill gas generation over the longer term, initially, the
installation of a landfill cap could drive landfill gas migration further from the landfill in the subsurface
without proper ventilation (either passive or active). This is especially true in the case of unlined
(unvented) landfills.

Water Table
Landfill gas movement in unlined landfills may be influenced by groundwater table variations. A rising
water table could cause displacement and force upward movement of landfill gas.

4 

Man-made and Natural Conduits
Structures such as drains, trenches, and buried utility corridors can act as conduits for landfill gas
migration. Geologic features including fractured bedrock, porous soil, and permeable strata also provide
conduits for landfill gas migration

Landfill Liner Conditions
The presence of a Subtitle-D (or equivalent) landfill liner has the capability to limit the lateral migration
of landfill gas in the subsurface. Unlined landfills have no barrier to prevent lateral landfill gas migration
in the subsurface.

Weather Conditions
Barometric pressure and precipitation have significant effects on landfill gas migration. Increased
barometric pressure yields decreased landfill gas venting from the subsurface, until the pressure within the
subsurface is greater than the atmospheric (barometric) pressure. Conversely, as the barometric pressure
decreases, the landfill will vent the stored gas until pressure equilibrium is reached. Capping of a landfill
can influence the effect of barometric pressure on landfill gas migration. Generally, a more permeable
landfill cap will allow greater influence by barometric pressure than a less permeable landfill cap.

5 

SECTION 3 – Current Solid Waste Section Rules Pertaining to Landfill Gas
Monitoring
Web link to the 15A NCAC 13B rules - http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw/rules
15A NCAC 13B

.0101- DEFINITIONS
.0101 (14) "Explosive gas" means Methane (CH4)
.0101(25) "Lower explosive limit" (LEL) means the lowest percent by volume of a mixture of explosive
gases which will propagate a flame in air at 25 degrees Celsius and atmospheric pressure.

.0503 - SITING AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPOSAL FACILITIES
.0503(2) A site shall meet the following design requirements:
(a) The concentration of explosive gases generated by the site shall not exceed:
(i) twenty-five percent of the limit for the gases in site structures (excluding gas control or
recovery system components); and
(ii) the lower explosive limit for the gases at the property boundary;

.0543 - CLOSURE AND POST-CLOSURE REQUIREMENTS FOR C&DLF FACILITIES
.0543(e) Post-closure criteria.
(1) Following closure of each C&DLF unit, the owner and operator must conduct post-closure
care. Postclosure care must be conducted for 30 years, except as provided under Subparagraph (2)
of this Paragraph, and consist of at least the following:
(C) maintaining and operating the gas monitoring system in accordance with the
requirements of Rule .0544 of this Section; and
(2) The length of the post-closure care period may be:
(A) decreased by the Division if the owner or operator demonstrates that
the reduced period is sufficient to protect human health and the environment and this
demonstration is approved by the Division; or
(B) increased by the Division if the Division determines that the lengthened period is
necessary to protect human health and the environment.

.0544 - MONITORING PLANS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR C&DLF FACILITIES
.0544(d) Gas Control Plan
(1) Owners and operators of all C&DLF units must ensure that:
(A) the concentration of methane gas or other explosive gases generated by the facility
does not exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive limit in on-site facility structures
(excluding gas control or recovery system components);
(B) the concentration of methane gas or other explosive gases does not exceed the lower
explosive limit for methane or other explosive gases at the facility property boundary; and
(C) the facility does not release methane gas or other explosive gases in any concentration
that can be detected in offsite structures.
(2) Owners and operators of all C&DLF units must implement a routine methane monitoring
program to ensure that the standards of this Paragraph are met.
(A) The type of monitoring must be determined based on soil conditions, the
Hydrogeologic conditions under and surrounding the facility, hydraulic conditions on and
surrounding the facility, the location of facility structures and property boundaries, and the
location of all offsite structures adjacent to property boundaries.

6 

(B) The frequency of monitoring shall be quarterly or as approved by the Division.
(3) If methane or explosive gas levels exceeding the limits specified in Subparagraph (d)(1) of this
Rule are detected, the owner and operator must:
(A) immediately take all steps necessary to ensure protection of human health and notify
the Division;
(B) within seven days of detection, place in the operating record the methane or explosive
gas levels detected and a description of the steps taken to protect human health; and
(C) within 60 days of detection, implement a remediation plan for the methane or
explosive gas releases, place a copy of the plan in the operating record, and notify the
Division that the plan has been implemented. The plan must describe the nature and extent
of the problem and the proposed remedy.
(4) Based on the need for an extension demonstrated by the operator, the Division may establish
alternative schedules for demonstrating compliance with Parts (3)(B) and (3)(C) of this Paragraph.
(5) For purposes of this Item, "lower explosive limit" means the lowest percent by volume of a
mixture of explosive gases in air that will propagate a flame at 25 C and atmospheric pressure.

.0566 - OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LAND CLEARING/INERT DEBRIS (LCID)
LANDFILLS
.0566(13) The concentration of explosive gases generated by the facility shall not exceed:
(a) Twenty-five percent of the lower explosive limit for the gases in facility structures.
(b) The lower explosive limit for the gases at the property boundary.

.1626 – OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MSWLF FACILITIES
.1626(4) Explosive gases control.
(a) Owners or operators of all MSWLF units must ensure that:
(i) The concentration of methane gas generated by the facility does not exceed 25 percent
of the lower explosive limit for methane in facility structures (excluding gas control or
recovery system components); and
(ii) The concentration of methane gas does not exceed the lower explosive limit for
methane at the facility property boundary.
(b) Owners or operators of all MSWLF units must implement a routine methane monitoring
program to ensure that the standards of (4)(a) are met. A permanent monitoring system shall be
constructed on or before October 9, 1994. A temporary monitoring system shall be used prior to
construction of the permanent system.
(i) The type and frequency of monitoring must be determined based on the following
factors:
(A) Soil conditions;
(B) The hydrogeologic conditions surrounding the facility;
(C) The hydraulic conditions surrounding the facility; and
(D) The location of facility structures and property boundaries.
(ii) The minimum frequency of monitoring shall be quarterly.
(c) If methane gas levels exceeding the limits specified in (4)(a) are detected, the owner or
operator must:
(i) Immediately take all necessary steps to ensure protection of human health and notify the
Division;
(ii) Within seven days of detection, place in the operating record the methane gas levels
detected and a description of the steps taken to protect human health; and
(iii) Within 60 days of detection, implement a remediation plan for the methane gas
releases, place a copy of the plan in the operating record, and notify the Division that the

7 

plan has been implemented. The plan shall describe the nature and extent of the problem
and the proposed remedy.
(iv) Based on the need for an extension demonstrated by the operator, the Division may
establish alternative schedules for demonstrating compliance with (4)(c)(ii) and (iii) of this
Rule.
(d) For purposes of this Item, "lower explosive limit" means the lowest percent by volume of a
mixture of explosive gases in air that will propagate a flame at 25°C and atmospheric pressure.
.1626(10) Recordkeeping requirements.
(a) The owner or operator of a MSWLF unit must record and retain at the facility, or an alternative
location near the facility approved by the Division, in an operating record the following
information as it becomes available:
(iii) Gas monitoring results and any remediation plans required by Item (4) of this Rule;

.1627 – CLOSURE AND POST CLOSURE REQUIREMENTS FOR MSWLF ACTIVITES
.1627(d) Post-Closure Criteria
(1) Following closure of each MSWLF unit, the owner or operator shall conduct post-closure care.
Post-closure care shall be conducted for 30 years, except as provided under Subparagraph (2) of
this Paragraph, and consist of at least the following:
(D)-Maintaining and operating the gas monitoring system in accordance with the
requirements of Rule .1626 of this Section.
(2) The length of the post-closure care period may be:
(A) Decreased by the Division if the owner or operator demonstrates that the reduced
period is sufficient to protect human health and the environment and this demonstration is
approved by the Division; or
(B) Increased by the Division if the Division determines that the lengthened period is
necessary to protect human health and the environment.
(3) Following completion of the post-closure care period for each MSWLF unit, the owner or
operator shall notify the Division that a certification, signed by a registered professional engineer,
verifying that post-closure care has been completed in accordance with the post-closure plan, has
been placed in the operating record.

NOTES:

Based on the referenced rules above, the following words / phrases are presently in the Solid Waste
Section rules pertaining to methane and explosive landfill gas.

Rule .0101(14) states: “Explosive gas means Methane (CH)”.
Rule .0503 (2)(a) refers to “explosive gases”.
Rule .0544(d) refers to “Gas Control Plan”
Rule .0544(d)(1) refers to “methane or other explosive gases”.
Rule .0544(d)(2) refers to “methane monitoring program”
Rule .0544(d)(3) refers to “methane or explosive gas levels”
Rule .0566 (13) refers to “explosive gases”.
Rule .1626 (4) refers to “explosive gases control”
Rule .1626(4)(a-b) refers to “methane monitoring” and “methane monitoring program”.

8 

Monitoring Goals
Landfill design and landfill gas monitoring regulations in North Carolina require that there not be an
exceedance of 100% of the Lower Explosion Limit (LEL) (equivalent to 5% methane) at the property
boundary, or 25% LEL in on-site structures. These regulations were developed over time to protect the
health and safety of the citizens of North Carolina and the U.S. from the asphyxiation and explosive
hazards of landfill gas.
NC Rule History
A review of NC landfill guidance documents and regulations from 1972 to the present indicates that from
1972 through 1982, there was no mention of design requirements regarding the control of landfill gas, nor
were there any landfill monitoring requirements for landfill gas. In 1982, the regulations were changed to
require that sanitary landfill design prevent landfill gas concentrations of 100% LEL at the property
boundary line and 25% inside on-site structures. Although a design requirement was added, no design
requirement was established to determine if the design requirement was being met. In 1993 with the
establishment of .1600 rules, requirements for designs to limit landfill gas levels to below 100% at the
property boundary line and 25% in on-site structures and monitoring of landfill gas concentrations around
the perimeter of the landfill and inside on-site structures were adopted.

9 

SECTION 4 – Landfill Gas Incidents and Explosions
Hazards Involving Landfill Gas
Landfill fires may or may not be directly caused by landfill gas. The primary concern with these fires is
air contamination from the resulting smoke; however they also present a variety of additional problems. In
addition to concerns with containing and extinguishing landfill fires, potential reactions involving
unknown chemicals in the landfill can cause uncertain hazards. Discarded consumer products in a
landfill, such as pesticides, paints, solvents, cleaners, and other material can be the source of chemical
releases. Heat from the fire can cause chemicals to volatilize, breakdown, and enter the environment. Also
to be considered is the presence of other combustible gases in addition to methane. Whenever an
environmental investigation of a landfill is prompted by odorous compounds or explosive gases, the
presence of toxic substances should also be investigated. One example is hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that can
cause asphyxiation and is flammable. An analysis should include alkyl benzenes, sulfur compounds, vinyl
chloride, and methane, and other products associated with industrial wastes, construction and debris
waste, and normal organic and inorganic waste.

Fires and explosion hazards become a concern when gases collect in confined spaces. Buildings,
basements, and pits are typically regarded as confined spaces. However, landfill gases also collect in and
migrate to cracks in the landfill cover, leachate “springs”, cracks in adjacent structures, paved parking
areas, etc. Fires can occur on the surface and underground. Surface fires involve recently buried waste
near the surface in an aerobic decomposing layer, typically 1 to 4 feet below ground. These fires can be
intensified by subsurface landfill gas and spread throughout the landfill. Subsurface fires occur deeper
within the landfill, involve material buried for months or years, and can burn for days and months.

The following is a brief summary of some incidents involving landfill gas migration from landfills:

2007 Four employees died as a result of exposure to high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide while
attempting to repair a leachate pump at a C&D landfill in Superior, Wisconsin (Journal of
Environmental Heath 2008).

1999 An 8-year old girl was burned on her arms and legs when playing in an Atlanta, Georgia
playground. The area was reportedly used as an illegal dumping ground many years ago (Atlanta
Journal-Constitution 1999).

1994 While playing soccer in a park built over an old landfill in Charlotte, North Carolina, a woman was
seriously burned by a methane explosion (Charlotte Observer 1994).

1987 Offsite landfill gas migration is suspected to have caused a house to explode in Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania (EPA 1991).

1984 Landfill gas migrated to and destroyed one house near a landfill in Akron, Ohio. Ten houses were
temporarily evacuated (EPA 1991).

1983 An explosion destroyed a residence across the street from a landfill in Cincinnati, Ohio. Minor
injuries were reported (EPA 1991).

1975 In Sheridan, Colorado, landfill gas accumulated in a storm drain pipe that ran through a landfill. An
explosion occurred when several children playing in the pipe lit a candle, resulting in serious
injury.

10 

1969 Methane gas migrated from an adjacent landfill into the basement of an armory in Winston-Salem,
North Carolina. A lit cigarette caused the gas to explode, killing three men and seriously injuring
five others (USACE 1984).

11 

SECTION 5 - Landfill Gas Monitoring Wells
Locations
Landfill gas monitoring well locations will be site specific depending upon site geology, depth to
groundwater, surface water features, on-site and off-site structures and sensitive receptors. The landfill
gas monitoring wells must be spaced no more than 500 feet apart depending upon site specifics. A readily
accessible, unobstructed path must be maintained so that landfill gas monitoring wells are always
accessible using four-wheel drive vehicles. Regardless of site specifics, the permittee must obtain
approval from the Solid Waste Section for the design and installation of any landfill gas monitoring well
system.

Well Construction and Installation
Landfill gas monitoring wells are the same as groundwater monitoring wells with two exceptions. Landfill
gas monitoring wells are installed just above the water table within the unsaturated zone and are equipped
with a stopcock valve or a quick connect coupling on the cap, which allows for accurate landfill gas
measurements. The stopcock valve must be equipped with flexible tubing and a barb connection that will
fit the gas meter’s inlet tube. The stopcock valve or a quick connect coupling must be closed between
monitoring events. The landfill gas monitoring well must also be capped, locked, and labeled with a
permanently affixed identification plate stating the well contractor name and certification number, date of
well competition, total depth of well, screen length and well ID number. See detailed schematics of a
landfill gas monitoring well (Figure 1).

The depth of each landfill gas monitoring well will be site specific depending upon depth to groundwater.
Landfill gas monitoring wells must be constructed the same as groundwater monitoring wells as described
in 15A NCAC Subchapter 2C. Typically landfill gas monitoring wells must be installed using 2” PVC
piping and screen. The screen length, also site specific, must span the majority of the unsaturated zone
while still allowing for proper well construction. A North Carolina Professional Geologist or Professional
Engineer must be present to supervise the installation of all landfill gas monitoring wells. The exact
locations, screened intervals, and nesting of the wells must be approved by the Solid Waste Section
Hydrogeologist prior to landfill gas monitoring well installation. Each landfill gas monitoring well must
be surveyed for location and elevation by a North Carolina Registered Land Surveyor. Within thirty (30)
days of the completed construction of each new landfill gas monitoring well, the boring log and a diagram
of each well including, but not limited to total depth, screened interval and distance above seasonal high
water table must be submitted to the Solid Waste Section. The submittal must also include a scaled
topographic map showing the location and identification of new, existing and abandoned landfill gas
monitoring wells.

Nested and Clustered Landfill Gas Monitoring Wells
Nested and/or clustered landfill gas monitoring wells may be required in unsaturated zones of 45 feet or
more to measure specific depths of the unsaturated zone. Initially, the installation of one long screen shall
be sufficient. If a monitoring event shows an exceedance of the lower explosive limit, then the Solid
Waste Section may require the installation of nested and/or clustered landfill gas monitoring wells.

Abandonment of Wells
An abandonment record must be submitted to the Solid Waste Section within 30 (thirty) days of the
abandonment of a landfill gas monitoring well. The landfill gas monitoring well(s) must be overdrilled
and sealed with grout in accordance with 15A NCAC 2C .0113(d) and certified by a North Carolina
Professional Geologist or Professional Engineer.

12 

Professional Certification
The certification statement below must be signed and sealed by a North Carolina Professional Geologist
or Professional Engineer and submitted with the Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan.
The landfill gas monitoring plan for this facility has been prepared by a qualified geologist or
engineer who is licensed to practice in the State of North Carolina. The plan has been prepared
based on first-hand knowledge of site conditions and familiarity with North Carolina solid waste
rules and industry standard protocol. This certification is made in accordance with North Carolina
Solid Waste Regulations, indicating this Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan should provide early
detection of any release of hazardous constituents to the uppermost aquifer, so as to be protective
of public health and the environment. No other warranties, expressed or implied, are made.
Signed _______________________________
Printed _______________________________
Date _________________________________

Not valid unless this document bears the seal of the above mentioned licensed professional.

In addition, the boring logs and/or well diagram must be signed and sealed with the stamp of a North
Carolina Registered Land Surveyor.

13 

Figure 1 – Landfill Gas Monitoring Well Detail 

14 

SECTION 6 – Landfill Gas Monitoring Instrumentation
The person using the landfill gas monitoring instrument must understand the principles of operation and
follow the manufacturer's instructions. This includes calibrating the instrument according to the
manufacturer’s specifications. Include the following on the top portion of the landfill gas monitoring
form (See example below) : facility name, permit number, type and serial number of gas monitoring
instrument, calibration date of the instrument, date and time of field calibration, type of gas used for field
calibration (15/15 or 35/50), expiration date of field calibration gas canister, date of landfill gas
monitoring event, name and position of sample collector, pump rate of instrument being used, ambient air
temperature, and general weather conditions. Verification that the equipment was calibrated in
accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications is also required. When determining which field
calibration gas to use, take into consideration the expected levels of methane in the landfill gas monitoring
wells. If the methane levels are expected to be low, use the 15/15 gas canister (15% CO2/15% CH4). If
the methane levels are expected to be high, use the 35/50 gas canister (35% CO2/50% CH4).

For every landfill gas monitoring well, please include the following: verification of sample tube purge
prior to each sample taken (should be one minute), the time pumped in seconds (should be at least one
minute), barometric pressure, time stabilized reading collected, percent lower explosive limit, percent
methane by volume, percent oxygen, percent carbon dioxide, and any observations or comments.

The landfill gas monitoring data form (See example below) and results should be retained in the facility’s
operating record unless an exceedance has occurred and/or is requested by the Solid Waste Section.

Landfill gas monitoring readings from non-calibrated or inaccurately calibrated instruments are not
reliable, and will therefore be rejected by the Solid Waste Section. Landfill gas monitoring readings
collected with monitoring equipment that was not designed for landfill gas monitoring will also be
rejected by the Solid Waste Section. There are several different landfill gas monitoring instruments on
the market which may be used in order to obtain all of the information required by the Solid Waste
Section.

Monitoring Times
Monitoring times are also important when conducting landfill gas monitoring. Proper landfill gas
monitoring should include sampling during times when landfill gas is most likely to migrate. Landfill gas
can migrate and accumulate not only in landfill gas monitoring wells; it can also migrate and accumulate
in buildings and other structures. Because subsurface gas pressures are considered to be at a maximum
during the afternoon hours, monitoring should be conducted in the afternoon or whenever the barometric
pressure is low.

Scientific evidence also indicates that weather and soil conditions influence the migration of landfill gas.
Barometric pressure and precipitation have significant effects on landfill gas migration. Increased
barometric pressure generates decreased landfill gas venting from the subsurface, until the pressure within
the subsurface is greater than the atmospheric (barometric) pressure. On the other hand, when the
barometric pressure decreases, the landfill will vent the stored gas until a pressure equilibrium is reached.
Capping of a landfill can influence the effect of barometric pressure on landfill gas migration. Generally,
a more permeable landfill cap will allow greater influence by barometric pressure than a less permeable
landfill cap. As a result, landfill gas monitoring should be conducted when the barometric pressure is low
and soils are saturated. During the winter season when snow cover is just beginning to melt or when the
ground is frozen or ice covered, landfill gas monitoring should be conducted when the barometric
pressure is low.

15 

Landfill Gas Sampling Procedures
Any accumulation of landfill gas in the landfill gas monitoring wells is the result of landfill gas migration.
The following procedure is a recommended example for conducting landfill gas monitoring well
sampling, but always read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions because each instrument will be
different.

Step 1 – Calibrate the instrument according to the manufacturer’s specifications. In addition, prepare the
instrument for monitoring by allowing it to properly warm up as directed by the manufacturer. Make sure
the static pressure shows a reading of zero on the instrument prior to taking the first sample.
Step 2 – Purge sample tube for at least one minute prior to taking reading. Connect the instrument tubing
to the landfill gas monitoring well cap fitted with a stopcock valve or quick connect coupling.
Step 3 – Open the valve and record the initial reading and then the stabilized reading. A stable reading is
one that does not vary more than 0.5 percent by volume on the instrument’s scale.
Step 4 - Record the stabilized reading including the oxygen concentration and barometric pressure. A
proper reading should have two percent oxygen by volume or less. If levels of oxygen are higher, it may
indicate that air is being drawn into the system giving a false reading.
Step 5 – Turn the stopcock valve to the off position and disconnect the tubing.
Step 6 – Proceed to the next landfill gas monitoring well and repeat Steps 2 – 5.

Landfill Gas Constituent Sampling and Analysis
Sampling of landfill gas to determine volume percentages/concentrations of each constituent can be
accomplished through the use of canisters which are specifically designed for landfill gas analysis.
Several analytical methods are available to determine the concentrations of a variety of constituents.
Typically, landfill gas analysis of this type is performed to determine the non-methane organic
compounds emission rate for Tier 2 testing under the Clean Air Act (Title V Subpart WWW 60.754).
Isotropic identification of landfill methane can be accomplished to identify one source of methane from
another. In this case, isotopes of carbon and hydrogen in the methane are analyzed to determine the
methane source.

16 

NC Division of Waste Management - Solid Waste Section

Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form

Notice: This form and any information attached to it are "Public Records" as defined in NC General Statute 132-1. As such,
these documents are available for inspection and examination by any person upon request (NC General Statute 132-6).

Facility Name: ______________________________________________ Permit Number: ____________________________

Date of Sampling: ___________________ NC Landfill Rule (.0500 or .1600): _____________________________________

Name and Position of Sample Collector: _________________________________________

Type and Serial Number of Gas Meter: _______________________________ Calibration Date of Gas Meter: ___________

Date and Time of Field Calibration: _____________________

Type of Field Calibration Gas (15/15 or 35/50): ____________ Expiration Date of Field Calibration Gas Canister: ________

Pump Rate of Gas Meter: _____________

Ambient Air Temperature: __________ Barometric Pressure: ______________ General Weather Conditions: _____________

Instructions: Under “Location or LFG Well” identify the monitoring wells or describe the location for other tests (e.g., inside
buildings). A drawing showing the location of test must be attached. Report methane readings in both % LEL and % methane
by volume. A reading in percent methane by volume can be converted to % LEL as follows: % methane by volume = %
LEL/20

If your facility has more gas monitoring locations than there is room on this form, please attach additional sheets listing the
same information as contained on this form.

Certification
To the best of my knowledge, the information reported and statements made on this data submittal and attachments
are true and correct. I am aware that there are significant penalties for making any false statement, representation, or
certification including the possibility of a fine and imprisonment.

_________________________________________ _________________________________________
SIGNATURE TITLE

17 

SECTION 7 - References
Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry. “Landfill Gas Primer- An Overview for Environmental
Health Professionals. 2001.” http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/landfill/html/toc.html (accessed February 24.
2010).

California Environmental Protection Agency. “Landfill Gas Monitoring Well Functionality at 20
California Landfills, 2008”. http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Publications/Organics/2008022.pdf (accessed
February 24 2010).

Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Gas Management Systems, under Rule 62-701.530.
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/quick_topics/rules/default.htm (accessed February 24, 2010).

Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Flood Grant Team. “An Analysis of Landfill Gas Monitoring
Well Design and Construction, 2007”. http://www.clu-
in.org/conf/itrc/directpush/prez/Missouri_Study.pdf (accessed February 24, 2010).

Missouri Department of Natural Resources. “Design and Construction of Landfill Gas Monitoring Wells”.
http://www.dnr.missouri.gov/pubs/pub2054.pdf (accessed February 24. 2010).

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Environmental Monitoring for Landfills, under Chapter NR
507.22. http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/aw/wm/information/wiacsss.htm
(accessed February 24, 2010).

“Landfill Gas-an Overview” Landfill-gas.com. Web, 22, Feb. 2010
http://www.landfill-gas.com/webpage -LFG-overview.doc

18 

SECTION 8 – Suggested Outline for a Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan
1. Introduction
1.1. Background (project overview, site observations, NCDENR rules referenced)
1.2. Site Geology with discussion of groundwater depth and flow (potentiometric surface map)
1.3. Regulatory Limits
2. Landfill Gas Monitoring
2.1. Landfill Gas Monitoring Well Locations (discussion of reasoning behind proposed locations,
discussion of well construction, reference map showing proposed locations, reference table
displaying well ID, well depth, screen interval and depth to groundwater)
2.2. Structure and Ambient Sampling
2.3. Landfill Gas Monitoring Frequency
3. Landfill Gas Sampling Procedures
3.1. Detection Equipment Used (discussion of calibration procedures)
3.2. Landfill Gas Sampling Procedure
4. Record Keeping and Reporting
4.1. Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form
4.2. Sampling Reports
4.3. Permanent Record Keeping
5. Contingency Plan
6. Certification of Professional Geologist or Professional Engineer
7. Certification of Registered Land Surveyor
Figures
Map displaying proposed landfill gas monitoring well locations
Potentiometric Surface Map
Diagram showing construction of stopcock valve or quick connect coupling on well cap
Diagram showing well construction of each landfill gas monitoring well
Table
Table displaying well ID, well depth, screen interval, depth to groundwater
Example of landfill gas monitoring data form

19 

SECTION 9 – Checklist of Items to be Included in a Landfill Gas Monitoring Plan

1. Depth to groundwater discussion
2. Well locations
a. Number of wells
b. Well spacing
3. Instrumentation being used
a. Calibration procedures
4. Sampling procedures as per the manufacture’s instructions
5. Map of well locations
6. Table describing each well location
a. Well ID
b. Well depth
c. Screen interval
d. Depth to groundwater
e. Subsurface lithology
7. Diagram of cap construction w/ stopcock valve or quick connect coupling
8. Diagram of well construction
9. Potentiometric surface map
10. Professional Geologist or Professional Engineer certification
11. Registered Land Surveyor certification

Appendix II Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form

Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority Permit Number(s): 25-04 & 25-09
CRSWMA Tuscarora Landfill
Date of Sampling: NC LF Rule: .1624
Sampled by:
Instrument(s): Mfg. Calibration Date: 05-20-2015
Field Calibration (Date & Time): Calibration Gas: 15% CH4/ 15% CO2 , Exp. Date:
Weather: Barometer:
Location Static Press. %LEL CH4
ID In.-Wc. % %
GP-06 60
GP-07 60
GP-08 60
BHP-1 15 na
BHP-2 15 na
BHP-3 15 na
BHP-4 15 na
BHP-5 15 na
BHP-6 15 na
BHP-7 15 na
BHP-8 15 na
BHP-9 15 na
BHP-10 15 na
BHP-11 15 na
BHP-12 15 na
BHP-13 15 na
BHP-14 15 na
BHP-15 15 na
Compost
Shed contin. na
Maint.
Building contin. na
Maint. Shed contin. na
Certification:
Purged before
sample?Time
Time
Pumped
(sec.)
Notes
Offices &
Scalehouse contin. na
Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority - Landfill Permit Number(s): 25-04 & 25-09
Date of Sampling: 05-12-2015 NC LF Rule: .1600
Sampled by: Dan Girdner/Gretta Eller- JOYCE Engineering
Landtec G.E.M. 2000, Serial No. 5194 Mfg. Calibration Date: 11-13-2014
Field Calibration: 05-12-2015 13:45
Weather: Mostly Sunny, temperatures in the 80's, Barometer 30.01. Inches of Hg
Location  Static Press. %LEL CH4
ID In.‐Wc. % %
GMP‐02 Y 14:02 60 0.11 0 0
GMP‐03 Y 13:58 60 0.03 0 0
GMP‐04 Y 13:54 60 0.00 0 0
GMP‐05 Y 13:48 60 ‐0.65 188 9.4 not a boundary probe
GMP‐05A Y 15:50 20 na 0 0 Barhole 20 ft South, 2.5ft depth
GMP‐05B Y 15:51 20 na 0 0 Barhole 20 ft West, 2.5ft depth
GMP‐06 Y 15:15 60 0.10 0 0
GMP‐07 Y 15:11 60 0.07 0 0
GMP‐08 Y 14:08 60 0.04 0 0
ManHole‐1 Y 15:21 60 na 0 0
ManHole‐2 Y 14:03 60 na 0 0
ManHole‐3 Y 15:07 60 na 0 0
BHP‐1 Y 14:13 15 na 0 0
BHP‐2 Y 14:18 15 na 0 0
BHP‐3 Y 14:21 15 na 0 0
BHP‐4 Y 14:24 15 na 0 0
BHP‐5 Y 14:27 15 na 0 0
BHP‐5A Y 13:50 15 na 0 0
BHP‐6 Y 14:33 15 na 0 0
BHP‐7 Y 14:37 15 na 0 0
BHP‐8 Y 14:41 15 na 0 0
BHP‐9 Y 14:45 15 na 0 0
BHP‐10 Y 14:48 15 na 0 0
BHP‐11 Y 14:50 15 na 0 0
BHP‐12 Y 14:53 15 na 0 0
BHP‐13 Y 0:00 ‐‐‐‐WET‐ Not measured
BHP‐14 Y 14:56 15 na 12 0.6
BHP‐15 Y 15:00 15 na 16 0.8
Compost MH Y 15:30 45 na 0 0 manhole near composting
Maint. Building Y 15:40 contin. na 0 0
Shed Y 15:45 contin. na 0 0
Offices Y 15:50 contin. na 0 0
Scale house Y 15:55 contin. na 0 0
Certification:  
Purged before 
sample?Time
Time 
Pumped 
(sec.)
Notes
Calibration Gas 15% CH4/ 15% CO2 , Exp. 09-16
Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form
Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority - Landfill Permit Number(s): 25-04 & 25-09
Date of Sampling: 08-06-2015 NC LF Rule: .1600
Sampled by: Dan Girdner- JOYCE Engineering
Landtec G.E.M. 2000, Serial No. 5194 Mfg. Calibration Date: 05-20-2015
Field Calibration: 08-06-2015 13:45 Calibration Gas 15% CH4/ 15% CO2 , Exp. 09-16
Weather: Mostly cloudy, 90° F; Barometer 20.90 In-Hg
Location  Static Press. %LEL CH4
ID In.‐Wc. % %
GMP‐02 Y 15:21 60 0.00 0 0
GMP‐03 Y 15:19 60 0.00 0 0
GMP‐04 Y 15:14 60 0.01 0 0
GMP‐05 Y 15:07 60 0.00 114 5.7 not a boundary probe
GMP‐05A Y 15:09 20 na 0 0 Barhole 20 ft South, 3 ft depth
GMP‐05B Y 15:10 20 na 0 0 Barhole 20 ft West, 2.8ft depth
GMP‐06 Y 14:22 60 0.00 0 0
GMP‐07 Y 14:25 60 ‐0.02 0 0
GMP‐08 Y 15:02 60 ‐0.02 0 0 Boundary Probe
ManHole‐1 Y 15:06 60 na 0 0
ManHole‐2 Y 15:22 60 na 0 0
ManHole‐3 Y 14:27 60 na 2 0.1
BHP‐1 Y 14:59 15 na 0 0
BHP‐2 Y 14:57 15 na 0 0
BHP‐3 Y 14:55 15 na 0 0
BHP‐4 Y 14:53 15 na 0 0
BHP‐5 Y 14:51 15 na 0 0
BHP‐6 Y 14:49 15 na 0 0
BHP‐7 Y 14:47 15 na 0 0
BHP‐8 Y 14:45 15 na 0 0
BHP‐9 Y 14:43 15 na 0 0
BHP‐10 Y 14:41 15 na 0 0
BHP‐11 Y 14:39 15 na 0 0
BHP‐12 Y 14:37 15 na 0 0
BHP‐13 ‐14:35 16 na 0 0
BHP‐14 Y 14:33 15 na 2 0.1
BHP‐15 Y 14:30 15 na 2 0.1
Compost MH Y 14:16 45 na 2 0.1 manhole near composting
Maint. Building Y 14:05 contin. na 0 0
Shed Y 14:08 contin. na 0 0
Offices Y 13:55 contin. na 0 0
Scale house Y 13:57 contin. na 0 0
Certification:  
Purged before 
sample?Time
Time 
Pumped 
(sec.)
Notes

Appendix III Certification of Professional Geologist or Engineer

Certification of Professional Geologist or Engineer

The landfill gas monitoring plan for this facility has been prepared by a qualified geologist or
engineer who is licensed to practice in the State of North Carolina. The plan has been prepared
based on first-hand knowledge of site conditions and familiarity with North Carolina solid waste
rules and industry standard protocol. This certification is made in accordance with North
Carolina Solid Waste regulations, indication this landfill gas monitoring plan should provide
early detection of landfill gas migration, so as to be protective of public health and the
environment. No other warranties, expressed or implied, are made.

Signed

Printed

Dated