4103_CityofGreensboro_CDLFontop_LOSPermitApp_DIN27198_20161222

hdrinc.com
440 S Church Street, Suites 1000, Charlotte, NC 28202-2075
704.338.6700

December 22, 2016

Mr. John Murray
North Carolina Department of
Environment Quality
450 W. Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300
Winston-Salem, NC 27699-1646

Re: Permit Renewal Application
City of Greensboro, White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill (C&D LF, Phase II)
Gilford County, Permit No 41.03
HDR Project No. 10017218-137686-012
Dear Mr. Murray:
HDR is pleased to submit this permit amendment application for White Street Landfill, Phase II on
behalf of the City of Greensboro.
The White Street Landfill is being operated under North Carolina Department of Environmental
Quality (NCDEQ) Solid Waste Permit No. 41-03-CDLF-1998. Under NCDEQ regulations, this permit
is effective for five years from the previous Phase II Permit to Operate (PTO) issued on March 30,
2012 and, therefore, will be effective until March 30, 2017.
The City of Greensboro is requesting an extension of the solid waste PTO for the landfill. The
Phase II area of the landfill has not reached the permitted design grades; therefore, this renewal
application requests an extension to allow full development of Phase II.
This submittal includes updated copies of the Engineering Plan, Operations Plan and Closure and
Post-Closure plans for your review. In addition we have included the following documents that have
not changed since the previous permit amendment.
• Related Correspondence
• Water Quality Monitoring Plan (provided by S&ME)
• Construction Quality Assurance Plan

J. Murray
December 22, 2016
Page 2
If you have any questions regarding this permit amendment request, please do not hesitate to call
me at [phone].
Sincerely,
HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas

Michael D. Plummer, P.E.
Project Engineer
MDP/apb

Enclosures

cc: Jason Jernigan, Greensboro (with enclosures)
cc: Richard Lovett, Greensboro (with enclosures)

Permit Amendment
White Street Construction and Demolition
Landfill
City of Greensboro
Greensboro, North Carolina
December 2016

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City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill

Appendix A - Related Correspondence

A
Appendix A - Related
Correspondence

NCDEQ PTO Issued March 30, 2012
NCDEQ Partial Closure Certification September 3, 2015
NCDEQ Partial Closure Certification February 17, 2014
Local Government Approval May 20, 2008

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North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Pat McCrory Donald R. van der Vaart
Governor Secretary
1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646
Phone: [phone] \ Internet: http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm

An Equal Opportunity \ Affirmative Action Employer – Made in part by recycled paper

September 3, 2015

Mr. Jason Jernigan
Solid Waste Disposal Manager
2503 White Street
Greensboro, NC 27405

Subject: Partial Closure Certification
City of Greensboro C&DLF
Permit No. 4103-CDLF-1998, Guilford County, DIN 24935

Dear Mr. Jernigan:

The Division of Waste Management, Solid Waste Section (Section) has reviewed and approved
the documentation and certification report entitled White Street Construction and Demolition
Landfill, Phase II Part 1 Closure (DIN 23936). The report was prepared by HDR Engineering
Inc. of the Carolinas and received by the Section on March 6, 2015.

The area closed consisted of approximately 26 acres, including tie-in areas, located on the north,
east, and west sides of the active portion of Phase II of the landfill. The report provided
documentation that the partial closure was in accordance with the approval closure plan found in
White Street Landfill, Construction & Demolition Landfill Permit Application (DIN 15784).

Figure 01F-01 in the document illustrated the current landfill conditions. Approximately four
acres remain under intermediate cover and 27 acres are active for C&D disposal.

Post-closure care is required for this area to ensure the facility remains in compliance with
closure requirements included in 15A NCAC 13B .1627, .1628, and .1629 of the Solid Waste
Management Rules. This includes the following:

a. The final cover for this facility shall be maintained;
b. Permanent erosion control measures shall be maintained;
c. Drainage control measures shall be implemented, as part of site maintenance, necessary
to prevent the impoundment of surface water over disposal areas at the facility;
d. Temporary seeding, covered with straw and tacking or similar material if necessary, to
prevent erosion in the event of site maintenance involving earth moving/filling activities;

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City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill

Appendix B – Engineering Plan

B
Appendix B – Engineering
Plan

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Engineering Plan

White Street Construction and Demolition
Landfill
City of Greensboro

Greensboro, North Carolina
December 2016

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City of Greensboro | Engineering Plan
Contents

i

Contents
Contents ...................................................................................................................................... i
1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background Information ............................................................................................... 1
1.2 Responsible Party ........................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Projected Use After Closure ......................................................................................... 2
2.0 Engineering and Design .................................................................................................. 2
2.1 Existing Features ......................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Facility Design ............................................................................................................. 2
2.3 Final Grading Plan ....................................................................................................... 2
2.4 Airspace Calculations .................................................................................................. 2
2.5 Groundwater Monitoring............................................................................................... 2
3.0 Construction and Operations ........................................................................................... 5
3.1 Construction and Operations ....................................................................................... 5
3.2 Filling Procedures ........................................................................................................ 5
3.3 Site Development/Proposed Final Contours................................................................. 5

Figures
Figure 1 Projected Operations Graph.............................................................................. 3
Figure 2 Estimated Life Expectancy Varying Tonnage Scenario ..................................... 4

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City of Greensboro | Engineering Plan
Introduction
1.0 Introduction
The City of Greensboro, North Carolina, (Greensboro) is proposing to renew the permit to
operate for the White Street Construction and Demolition Debris Landfill (C&DLF) in Guilford
County, North Carolina.
The information contained in this submittal is intended to fulfill the requirements of North
Carolina Solid Waste Management Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0535(b) for the amendment of the
operating permit.
1.1 Background Information
In November of 1995, HDR, on behalf of the City of Greensboro, submitted a Transition Plan for
the Phase II sanitary landfill of the White Street Landfill. The Transition Plan was approved in
July of 1996 and Olver certified closure of the sanitary landfill in March of 1999. After North
Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) approval of the Transition Plan, the
City of Greensboro submitted a permit application to dispose of Construction and Demolition
debris over top of the closed municipal solid waste (MSW) in Phase II. NCDEQ issued the
original C&D over MSW permit for Phase II in July of 1998. The following is a history of the
permits received by White Street which can be found in Appendix A.
Permit Type Date Issued
Permit to Operate (PTO) – Stage I January 7, 1998
PTO Modification – Stage II October 7, 1998
PTO Modification – Stage III April 15, 2000
PTO Amendment – Continued Operation May 25, 2006
PTO Amendment – Continued Operation March 30, 2012

1.2 Responsible Party
The individual responsible for the operation and maintenance of the site is the Solid Waste
Disposal Manager for the City of Greensboro:
Solid Waste Disposal Manager
[phone]
2503 White Street
Greensboro, NC 27405
1

City of Greensboro | Engineering Plan
Engineering and Design

2

1.3 Projected Use After Closure
After closure of the landfill, the site will be maintained and monitored. No post-closure uses
have been identified or are planned for the site at this time.
2.0 Engineering and Design
2.1 Existing Features
A overall Site Plan with the existing features of the site can be found on Drawing CD-77B. This
drawing displays features of the facility such as Closed Phase I, Closed MSW Phase II, Active
C&D Landfill, Active MSW Phase III, borrow/stockpile areas and maintenance facilities.
2.2 Facility Design
This site maintains the following regulatory buffers (per Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0503 (2)(f):
• A 50-foot buffer between property line and waste.
• A 500-foot buffer from private dwellings and wells to waste.
• A 50-foot buffer from streams and rivers to waste.
2.3 Final Grading Plan
The proposed top of intermediate cover grades for the remaining portion of Phases II can be
found on Drawing C-02. The proposed grades are 4 horizontal to 1 vertical (4H:1V) and reach a
elevation of 870 feet above mean sea level. The final cap thickness is an additional 2 feet on top
of the intermediate grades.
2.4 Airspace Calculations
The total gross capacity of the C&D landfill on top of the closed MSW landfill is 2,370,000 cubic
yards at 4H:1V sideslopes. Through June 2016, approximately 1,722,981 tons of waste have
been disposed of at the C&DLF consuming 1,450,536 cubic yards. This equates to a waste
density of 1.19 tons per cubic yard. Over the past 5 years the average annual waste accepted is
37,531 tons. Based on the cumulative waste density and five year average annual tonnage the
remaining capacity would be full in October 2042. Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 for updated
tonnage history and life projection estimates.
2.5 Groundwater Monitoring
A Groundwater Monitoring Plan was originally prepared by S&ME, Inc. (dated December 2007).
The Monitoring Plan which can be found in Appendix D.

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City of Greensboro | Engineering Plan
Construction and Operations
3.0 Construction and Operations
3.1 Construction and Operations
Greensboro will continue to develop the landfill in a manner that promotes runoff to the existing
erosion control features. Benches will be graded to drain to sediment basins.
All aspects of the current operation of the facility are anticipated to continue. Operation hours
are currently from 7:00 a.m. to 4:50 p.m., Monday through Friday and 7:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on
Saturdays. The landfill is closed on Sundays and specified holidays. These hours and days of
operation are subject to change. Staff will be stationed in the scalehouse to handle incoming
trucks, while an additional staff person will be responsible for handling the daily placement of
waste. Information regarding on-site equipment and other operational issues is included in the
Operations Plan in Appendix C.
The site currently has a lockable gate at the main entrance from White Street, which is locked at
the end of each working day. Fencing has been constructed around the site to further control
access.
In the event there is a period when the scales are temporarily out of operation, the incoming
material will be handled on a cubic-yardage basis. The same scales and scale house will
continue to be used for the vertical expansion. Please refer to the Operation Plan in Appendix
C for more information on the operations of the facility.
3.2 Filling Procedures
Please see the Operation Plan in Appendix C for the filling procedures.
3.3 Site Development/Proposed Final Contours
Please refer to Drawing C-02 for the proposed top of intermediate cover contours for the entire
site. Please refer to Appendix F for the Closure/Post Closure Plan for this site.
5

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City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill
Appendix C - Operational Plan
C
Appendix C - Operational Plan
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0

Operational Plan
City of Greensboro
2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Greensboro, North Carolina
December 2016

City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Contents

i

Contents
1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1
2.0 Personnel Structure ........................................................................................................... 1
3.0 Personnel Certifications and Training ................................................................................ 2
4.0 Hours of Operation ............................................................................................................. 3
5.0 Equipment Requirements ................................................................................................... 4
6.0 Inclement Weather Operations .......................................................................................... 4
7.0 Traffic Routing .................................................................................................................... 5
8.0 Litter Control ....................................................................................................................... 5
9.0 Odor, Noise, and Dust Control ........................................................................................... 6
10.0 Waste Placement ............................................................................................................... 6
11.0 Asbestos ............................................................................................................................ 7
12.0 Cover Requirements .......................................................................................................... 7
12.1 Weekly Cover ................................................................................................................. 7
12.2 Intermediate Cover ......................................................................................................... 7
13.0 Vector Control .................................................................................................................... 7
14.0 Explosive Gases Control .................................................................................................... 8
14.1 Perimeter Explosive Gas Monitoring Well Placement .................................................... 8
14.2 Well Construction ........................................................................................................... 9
14.3 Methane Monitoring Program ......................................................................................... 9
14.4 Sampling Procedures ................................................................................................... 10
14.5 Emergency Response Plan .......................................................................................... 10
15.0 Prevention of Fires ........................................................................................................... 10
16.0 Waste Screening Program ............................................................................................... 11
16.1 Waste Receiving and Inspection .................................................................................. 11
16.2 Waste Screening .......................................................................................................... 12
17.0 Hazardous Waste Contingency Plan ............................................................................... 13
18.0 Access Control ................................................................................................................. 13
19.0 Drainage, Sedimentation and Erosion Control ................................................................. 13
20.0 Water Protection .............................................................................................................. 14
21.0 Maintenance ..................................................................................................................... 14
21.1 Repair of Security Control Devices ............................................................................... 14
City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Contents

ii

21.2 Erosion Damage Repair ............................................................................................... 14
21.3 Correction of Settlement, Subsidence, and Displacement ........................................... 14
21.4 Repair of Run-On/Run-Off Control Structures .............................................................. 14
22.0 Benchmarks ..................................................................................................................... 15
23.0 Record Keeping ............................................................................................................... 16

Tables
Table 1 Equipment and Personnel ................................................................................................ 4

Figures
Figure 1 Hours of Operation ......................................................................................................... 3
Figure 2 Landfill Rules .................................................................................................................. 3
Figure 3 Traffic Routing ................................................................................................................ 5
Figure 4 Typical benchmark signage .......................................................................................... 15
Figure 5 Record Keeping ............................................................................................................ 15

Forms
Form 1 Waste Screening ............................................................................................................ 17
Form 2 Report of Attempted Disposal of Hazardous or Prohibited Materials ............................. 18

City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Introduction

1

1.0 Introduction
The purpose of this section is to identify protocols for the overall operation and maintenance of
the White Street Landfill Construction and Demolition Debris disposal facility. This plan has
been prepared in accordance with North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
(NCDEQ) rules. A detailed drawing of the landfill’s development from existing conditions to final
contours is presented in Appendix G. By definition, the construction and demolition debris waste
stream is originated solely from construction, demolition, and remodeling or repair operations on
pavement, buildings or other structures. In addition, the NCDEQ Division of Waste Management
(DWM) has approved other inert wastes (such as land clearing debris, but not yard waste) if
they can be demonstrated to be inert through the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure. The
current waste screening program will continue to be utilized by the landfill staff for determination
of accurate disposal areas and the prevention of prohibited wastes as described in Rule .542
(e).
The City of Greensboro proposes to continue operation of the current construction and
demolition disposal site as previously approved and permitted May 25, 2006 (Permit #41-03).
The proposed disposal area continues to operate within the area of the facility known as Phase
II which is a closed MSWLF unit subject to the appropriate section of the .1600 rules (Drawing
CD-77B). Regulatory closure of Phase II has been previously certified as closed in accordance
with promulgated guidelines.
2.0 Personnel Structure
Responsibility for overall facility management and operation rests with the Solid Waste Disposal
Manager.
Solid Waste Disposal Manager
[phone]
2503 White Street
Greensboro, NC 27405
This individual is designated as the contact person for regulatory compliance, and is responsible
for ensuring adequate personnel and equipment in order to operate the facility in compliance
with approved permit documents and the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules.
Landfill supervisory staff includes the Solid Waste Disposal Manager, the Landfill Supervisor,
the Environmental Compliance Supervisor, the Yard Waste and Compost Supervisor, and the
Scalehouse Supervisor. In addition to the supervisory staff, the landfill now operates with full
time heavy equipment operators, full time heavy equipment mechanics, full time maintenance
workers, full time heavy equipment operators at the yard waste and compost site, landfill
technicians, and full time scale operators.
City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Personnel Certifications and Training

2

3.0 Personnel Certifications and Training
The Solid Waste Disposal Manager maintains certifications as a Manager of Landfill Operations
(MOLO), issued by the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA).
The Landfill Supervisor maintains certification as a MOLO.
In compliance with North Carolina GS 130-309.25, all heavy equipment operators and the
landfill technician maintain certification as Landfill Operation Specialists as issued by the North
Carolina Chapter of SWANA (NCSWANA). These staff members are then continuously
recertified through on-site training as well as through industry and NCSWANA events. All
training records are available at the scalehouse.
Personnel trained in landfill operations are on duty at all times while the facility is open for public
use and at all times during active waste management operations.

City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Hours of Operation

3

4.0 Hours of Operation
The landfill is open for operation between the hours of 7:00AM and 4:50 PM, Monday through
Friday and from 7:00 AM to 1:00 PM on Saturday. The landfill is closed on Sundays except
where prior permission has been granted to receive wastes for special instances such as a
natural disaster. The observed holidays are New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King Jr. Day, Good
Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Veteran’s Day, Thanksgiving Day and
Christmas Day. The sign giving the hours of operation for the landfill is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Hours of Operation

Figure 2 Landfill Rules

City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Equipment Requirements

4

5.0 Equipment Requirements
The landfill will utilize two compactors and 2 bulldozers. The landfill will utilize a bulldozer for soil
placement in the routine covering of the waste. Also available for operational and compliance
activities are a motorgrader and water truck. A full inventory list of current equipment and landfill
personnel is presented in Table 1. Equipment is subject to change based on operational needs.
Table 1 Equipment and Personnel
Equipment Quantity
Bulldozers 4
Landfill Compactor 2
Motorgrader 1
Track Excavator 1
Articulated Dump Trucks 2
Position
Manager 1
Landfill Supervisor 1
Environmental Supervisor 1
Scalehouse Supervisor 1
Heavy Equipment Operators (full time) 5
Heavy Equipment Operators (part time) 2
Heavy Equipment Mechanics 2
Maintenance Workers 2
Landfill Technician 1
Scale Operators 2

6.0 Inclement Weather Operations
During periods of heavy rainfall or other adverse weather conditions, the working face of the
waste disposal area will be kept as close as possible to the landfill service roads while allowing
for safe and orderly dumping from the haulers. The waste will be covered in compliance with
applicable regulations.

City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Traffic Routing

5

7.0 Traffic Routing
An entrance sign is posted on the front gate stating operating hours as well as emergency
contact information (Figure 1). An additional sign is also posted immediately inside the front
gate stating facility name, permit number, operating hours (Figure 2), landfill rules and a list of
banned disposal items. Signs are posted at regular intervals along the landfill access roads
indicating speed limit and directions to the applicable disposal area (Figure 3).
Figure 3 Traffic Routing

All trucks entering the landfill are required to weigh in at one of two scales at the scalehouse.
The scales are operated by North Carolina Department of Agriculture Certified Weigh masters.
The scales are calibrated and cleaned on a regular basis. Automobiles and pickup trucks are
also required to weigh in.
The roads that allow access to the site and to monitoring locations are of all weather
construction and maintained in good condition.
8.0 Litter Control
Litter control is a prime requisite in the proper operation of the landfill. In order to effectively
control litter and windblown debris, the working face is kept as small as possible and waste is
compacted as soon as possible after unloading. Cover material is applied at least once weekly
and when the working face exceeds one-half acre. Cover is available daily and will be placed at
more frequent intervals if necessary to control blowing litter. Temporary litter fences will be
installed downwind of and in close proximity to the working face to prevent windblown debris.
City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Odor, Noise, and Dust Control

6

The disposal area as well as the landfill property and the streets feeding into the landfill are
inspected and any fugitive debris is removed on a daily basis.
9.0 Odor, Noise, and Dust Control
Odors which emanate from the management of construction and demolition debris wastes are
generally limited to within a short distance of the working face. The covering of the wastes as
required prevents odors from becoming a nuisance.
The access road from the scalehouse to the waste disposal unit is paved. All other service and
operating roads on the operating landfill unit are graded and maintained with stone as
necessary to maintain smooth, well-drained surfaces. During dry conditions, operating roads will
be sprayed with water to control dust issues. The paved access roads are washed periodically
to maintain an overall neat appearance of the landfill.
Noise resulting from landfill equipment is limited to the period of time during operating hours. To
further reduce the possibility of noise nuisance, a vegetative buffer of coniferous and deciduous
trees and other vegetation is maintained between the operating areas and other areas not
designated for landfill operations. All landfill equipment is equipped with mufflers or similar
noise-dampening devices. The on-site landfill maintenance facility maintains all landfill
equipment in top operating condition further eliminating potential noise nuisances from
equipment operations.
10.0 Waste Placement
Waste will only be disposed of inside the area labeled limits of C&D waste as shown on Drawing
CD-77B. Drawing CD-77B also indicates the buffers as maintained. The existing contours of the
current waste placement operation as well as closed MSW areas are identified on Drawing C-
01. Waste is to be placed vertically over existing construction and debris material and closed
MSW areas. The removal of solid waste from the C&D landfill is prohibited.
Solid waste unloading at the landfill is controlled to prevent disposal in locations other than
those permitted. Such control is also used to confine the working face to a minimum width,
facilitating a safe and efficient operation. The waste shall be managed in the smallest area
(working face) feasible. Upon dumping, the waste will be spread and compacted as densely as
practical into cells utilizing a bulldozer or a compactor.
The fill sequence using multiple lifts allows filling to occur uniformly across the site. This
provides for elimination of depression areas and facilitates proper storm water movement and
management. Waste disposal activities will progress in approximately 10 foot lifts across the
landfill footprint as shown on (Drawing C-01).
City of Greensboro | 2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Asbestos

7

11.0 Asbestos
The White Street Landfill does not accept asbestos. Asbestos is listed as a banned material on
the signage in Figure 2 and staff is trained to detect and prevent disposal through the waste
screening program.
12.0 Cover Requirements
A significant volume of soil is required to provide adequate cover and allow for safe and efficient
waste disposal operations. In order to provide for these requirements, the landfill maintains a
large permitted borrow area (Drawing CD-77B). The landfill also maintains a stockpile for soil
that is brought to the landfill from outside sources (Drawing CD-77B). These outside soil
sources must be approved by staff prior to being brought to the landfill.
12.1 Weekly Cover
In compliance with the latest rules as promulgated regarding management of construction and
demolition debris waste, the waste will be covered with six inches of earthen material at least
once per week or when the working face exceeds one-half acre. The landfill will also have
available daily cover material if needed to apply in times of adverse weather conditions. At this
time, the landfill will be utilizing earthen material from the above described soil sources to cover
the waste. This material has been demonstrated to control odors, vectors, blowing litter, and
fires.
12.2 Intermediate Cover
Intermediate cover consisting of a total of 12 inches of earthen material is applied to all areas
which will not have any waste placement occurring for a period of 12 months or more. Areas
which have received intermediate cover are graded to facilitate proper drainage and to prevent
any ponding of water. Once proper grading and drainage has been achieved, temporary
vegetative grass cover will be planted. Any erosion or damage to the intermediate cover is
repaired on a routine basis.
13.0 Vector Control
The City will prevent or control on-site populations of disease vectors using techniques
appropriate for the protection of human health and the environment. For purposes of this item,
"disease vectors" means any rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or other animals or insects, capable of
transmitting disease to humans. Vectors are generally attracted by opportunities for food and
shelter. C&D waste is not a food source for many vectors. Vectors seeking shelter in the waste
mass can be discouraged by covering of the waste and proper grading to prevent ponding of
water. If vectors become a problem, a licensed exterminator or other legal means of control
shall be implemented.
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Explosive Gases Control

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14.0 Explosive Gases Control
With the construction and demolition disposal operations occurring on top of a closed MSW
facility, the landfill monitors for migration of explosive gases. A gas monitoring system has been
constructed along the east side of the landfill which abuts Rankin Mill Road. All buildings and
enclosed structures on the landfill are monitored as part of the routine methane monitoring
program (Drawing CD-79B). Routine monitoring for gas migration is performed in accordance
with Rule .1626 part (4)(b) on a quarterly basis to ensure that the following compliance levels for
methane concentration are not exceeded: 1) the concentration of methane gas generated by the
facility does not exceed 25% of the lower explosive limit (LEL) for methane gas in facility
structures (1.25% methane; 2) the concentration of methane gas migrating from the landfill does
not exceed the LEL for methane at the facility property boundary (5% methane).
Routine monitoring for gas migration will be performed on a quarterly basis to ensure that the
following compliance levels for methane concentration are not exceeded.
 The concentration of methane gas generated by the facility does not exceed 25 percent
of the lower explosive limit (LEL) for methane in facility structures (1.25 percent
methane).
 The concentration of methane gas migrating from the Landfill does not exceed the LEL
for methane at the facility property boundary (5 percent methane).
The monitoring device that will be used will be a combustible gas indicator (CGI).
If concentrations are measured at greater than 25 percent of the LEL for methane in facility
structures, then the landfill must immediately take all necessary steps to ensure protection of
human health and shall notify the NCDEQ-DWM. Within seven days of detection, the methane
gas levels detected and a description of the steps taken to protect human health shall be placed
in the operating record. Within 60 days of detection, a remediation plan describing the nature
and extent of the problem and the proposed remedy for methane gas releases shall be placed
in the operating record, the remediation plan shall be implemented, and the NCDEQ-DWM shall
be notified.
Additional gas probes may be installed as required. They will be installed in a similar manner as
the existing gas probes.
14.1 Perimeter Explosive Gas Monitoring Well Placement
According to Rule .1624 (4), soil, hydrogeologic and hydraulic conditions, and proximity of
structures and property boundaries should be considered when locating gas monitoring wells
and determining monitoring frequency.
Landfill structures consist of the Administration Building, Compliance and Compost Operations
Office, Maintenance Shop, Phase II LFG blower building, equipment and maintenance shed at
the compost site, and the Operations Building. The landfill also operates a landfill gas collection
system on Phase II. The Phase II system is comprised of vertical extraction wells, a main
header pipe, condensate traps, a flare, and a blower station.
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Explosive Gases Control

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The Phase II area of the landfill is bounded on the north and west sides by North Buffalo Creek,
on the east by Rankin Mill Road, and on the south by landfill property. North Buffalo Creek will
act as a natural barrier between the landfill and adjoining properties on the north side of the
creek. Four locations labeled Surface Monitoring Points have been identified on the southern
bank of North Buffalo Creek and are monitored as part of the quarterly landfill gas monitoring
program.
It will be necessary to monitor gas migration along the landfill property line at Rankin Mill Road,
and the church property on Rankin Mill Road. As shown on Drawing CD-79B six wells are
located along Rankin Mill Road and two wells are located near the church property.
Permanently mounted gas monitors have been placed in the Administration Building,
Compliance and Compost Operations Office, Maintenance Shop, Phase II LFG blower building,
and the Operations Building. These structures are also monitored during the quarterly
monitoring event.
14.2 Well Construction
All of the methane monitoring wells were constructed of 2-inch PVC pipe placed in a 6-inch
diameter bore hole. The screened interval ranged from 5-10 feet, terminating just above the
seasonally high water table or at auger refusal. A sand filter pack was placed around the screen
and extends 2 feet above the top of the screen. A bentonite seal was placed above the filter
pack. The 2-inch casing pipe is protected by a 4-inch square steel outer casing with a locking
steel cover. The outer casing is embedded in a 2’x2’x4” concrete pad.
14.3 Methane Monitoring Program
The City of Greensboro will continue to conduct routine methane monitoring events on a
quarterly basis to ensure that methane concentrations do not exceed the following compliance
levels as required in Rule .1626 (4).
 The concentration of methane gas generated by the facility does not exceed 25 percent
of the lower explosive limit (LEL) for methane in facility structures
 The concentration of methane gas migrating from the Landfill does not exceed the LEL
for methane at the facility property boundary).
Methane wells and locations along North Buffalo Creek will continue to be monitored
quarterly as part of the program. The monitoring device that will be used will be a
combustible gas indicator (CGI).
If concentrations are measured at greater than 25 percent of the LEL for methane in facility
structures, then the landfill must immediately take all necessary steps to ensure protection of
human health and shall notify the NCDEQ-DWM. Within seven days of detection, the
methane gas levels detected and a description of the steps taken to protect human health
shall be placed in the operating record. Within 60 days of detection, a remediation plan
describing the nature and extent of the problem and the proposed remedy for methane gas
releases shall be placed in the operating record, the remediation plan shall be implemented,
and the NCDEQ-DWM shall be notified.
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Prevention of Fires

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Additional gas probes may be installed as required. They will be installed in a similar
manner as the existing gas probes
14.4 Sampling Procedures
The monitoring device that will be used during each quarterly monitoring event will be a portable
combustible gas indicator. This is equipped with a flexible hose and rigid probe. Calibration of
the instrument will be performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
Personnel designated to perform the monitoring program will be trained in the operation,
maintenance, and calibration of the monitoring equipment. The following operating procedures
and safety precautions will be adhered to by all personnel when monitoring for methane gas.
1. At least two people should be present at all times when monitoring for explosive gases.
2. At a minimum, safety glasses, gloves, work boots, will be worn. Other appropriate
personal protective equipment will be worn as needed.
3. Smoking and open flames are strictly prohibited at all times during the monitoring event.
4. Fire extinguishers will be readily available when performing the monitoring event.
5. Personnel performing the monitoring event will have the City radio readily available
which has direct access to emergency personnel.
14.5 Emergency Response Plan
In the event gas levels are detected that exceed allowable limits, the emergency response plan
will be as follows.
1. For 100% LEL at landfill boundaries less than 250 feet from structures:
a. Greensboro Fire Department and Hazardous Material Team will be notified.
b. Implement procedures as outlined in Rule .1624 (4).
2. For 100% LEL at landfill boundaries where the distance is greater than 250 feet from
structures:
a. Notify the Division.
3. For structures detection levels greater than 25% LEL:
a. Evacuate the structure immediately.
b. Notify Greensboro Fire Department and Hazardous Material Team.
15.0 Prevention of Fires
In accordance with the Clean Air Act, open burning is prohibited at this site, unless approved by
the Division for the infrequent burning of land clearing debris as generated from natural
disasters or emergency clean-up operations. In order to control accidental fires occurring at the
site, the following preventative measures have been taken:
1. The scale attendants and equipment operators screen incoming waste loads for signs of
hot loads such as smoke, steam, or heat being released from the waste. If evidence of a
hot load is detected, the hauler is diverted to the paved road directly east of the
scalehouse. This prevents the load from entering the disposal unit and provides a safe
area for emergency crews to manage the situation.
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Waste Screening Program

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2. As described in the City of Greensboro Smoking Policy, smoking is confined to
designated areas only. Smoking is not allowed within the footprint of the disposal unit, in
any of the landfill equipment, or the landfill buildings. Smoking is also disallowed at the
fuel dispensing station, in the vicinity of any of the landfill gas collection system
structures or facilities or other fire sensitive area.
3. Motorized equipment is not parked near fuel dispensing stations longer than necessary
for refueling.
4. Fuel spills are reported immediately and contained by berming the area and cleaned up
immediately using an approved absorbent material.
5. Landfill equipment does not remain on the active disposal area of the site overnight.
6. Landfill equipment is washed routinely and kept free of ignitable debris.
7. Landfill equipment is maintained through a rigorous on-site routine preventative
maintenance program to ensure integrity of all operating systems and fluid conveyance
lines.
8. Dead trees, brush, or vegetation, adjacent to the landfill are removed immediately, and
grass and weeds are routinely mowed so that brush fires cannot spread to the landfill.
The landfill employs several types of large bush-hog and lawn type mowers to
accomplish this task.
In the event of a fire, the Greensboro Fire Department is notified immediately. Fires and
explosions that occur at the C&D Landfill will be verbally communicated to the Division within 24
hours and followed by written communication within 15 days. Written notification will include the
suspected cause of fire or explosion, the response taken to manage the incident, and the
action(s) to be taken to prevent the future occurrence of fire or explosion.
16.0 Waste Screening Program
In order to assure that prohibited wastes are not entering the landfill facility, a Waste Screening
Program has been implemented at the landfill. Waste received at the scalehouse and wastes
taken to the working face are inspected by trained personnel.
16.1 Waste Receiving and Inspection
All vehicles (customers and visitors) must stop at the scalehouse. All refuse containing vehicles
are weighed and their load assessed. All visitors must report in the scalehouse and sign in. The
scale attendant requests from the driver of the refuse containing vehicle a brief description of
the waste to ensure that unacceptable wastes are not allowed in the landfill. The scale attendant
then requests from the driver the following information to document all inspections:
 Date and time
 Source and type of wastes
 Hauling company, vehicle and driver identification
 Net weight of load
The landfill will notify the Division within 24 hours of attempted disposal of any waste the C&D
landfill is not permitted to receive, including waste from outside its service area.
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Waste Screening Program

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16.2 Waste Screening
Each day, haulers are subject to being screened as part of the waste screening program. The
current waste screening program will continue to be utilized by the landfill staff for determination
of accurate disposal areas and the prevention of prohibited wastes as described in Rule .542
(e).
1. The scale attendants utilize a computer based random number generator to determine
the vehicles to be screened that day.
2. The scale attendants notify the landfill technician when the incoming loads are five loads
away from the number that has been selected for screening.
3. Once the incoming load has been selected, the scale attendant informs the hauler that
the load will be inspected, collects the name of the waste generator, the origin of the
waste, the type of waste, and the weight of the waste. The truck is then directed to the
correct disposal area.
4. Upon arrival at the disposal site, the waste hauler is directed where to deposit the load
for inspection. The waste will be deposited in an area separate and away from the
working face of the disposal area. The waste hauler then presents the weigh ticket to the
inspector who records the ticket number, waste hauler information, date, and time.
5. The inspector will examine the load. The inspector will verify the waste complies with all
items on the Waste Screening Inspection Form (Form 1 Waste Screening). The
inspector will also include a brief description of the waste on the form.
6. The driver must remain with the waste until is determined by the inspectors that it is
acceptable for disposal. If it deemed acceptable, the driver and truck may be released.
The waste material is then moved to the working face for disposal. The inspection area
is cleaned and prepared to receive another load.
7. If through the normal procedures of the Waste Screening Program or regular daily
operations, a hauler has been identified as routinely bringing prohibited wastes for
disposal, that hauler will be subject to daily screening in addition to the random load(s)
as selected for that day.
Any prohibited wastes detected through this program are recorded on the Waste Screening
Inspection Form and the incident is described in detail on the Report of Attempted Disposal
of Hazardous or Prohibited Waste form (Form 2 Report of Attempted Disposal of Hazardous
or Prohibited Materials). If unacceptable wastes are found, the load will be isolated and
secured. The Solid Waste Disposal Manager will then notify the Waste Management
Specialist of NCDEQ within 24 hours of attempted disposal.
All Waste Screening Inspection Forms, hauler information, reports of attempted disposal of
prohibited wastes, and records of disposition of rejected wastes are maintained in the
operating record in the scalehouse. These records are routinely archived electronically and
also stored on media and secured in the records storage room in the Operations Building
2503 –B.
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Hazardous Waste Contingency Plan

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17.0 Hazardous Waste Contingency Plan
In the event that identifiable hazardous waste or waste of questionable character is discovered
at the landfill, whether through the waste screening program or normal operations, the
Hazardous Materials Contingency Plan (Appendix 1) shall be instituted immediately.
18.0 Access Control
Entry to the site is limited to landfill personnel, approved waste haulers, and properly identified
persons whose entry is authorized by the site management and properly logged in. The City
reserves the right to restrict access to the site. The landfill routinely performs public information
tours and educational of the facility for civic groups and local grade schools and universities.
These tours are conducted with a landfill staff member present at all times. Visitors may be
allowed near the active area only when accompanied by one of the landfill staff.
As shown in Figure 2, a sign is posted at the entrance of the landfill stating the facility name,
permit number, operating hours, and prohibited wastes. As shown in Figure 3, there is additional
signage posted periodically throughout the landfill to direct traffic flow and to provide information
on the location of appropriate disposal sites.
The facility is surrounded on the west, southwest, south, southeast and eastern sides by means
of a chain link fence. All gates in this fence network are secured with locks and chains
preventing vehicular access and illegal dumping. As stated in landfill property deeds, the
northern and northwestern property line of the landfill facility is the center of North Buffalo
Creek. This creek, being a natural barrier also prohibits vehicular access and illegal dumping.
19.0 Drainage, Sedimentation and Erosion
Control
The landfill facility has an extensive network of sedimentation and erosion control devices to
restrict sediments being carried from the site. The landfill facility has developed a Storm Water
Pollution and Prevention Plan (SWPPP, Drawing CD-80B) to further manage runoff and protect
the integrity of North Buffalo Creek. Sediment basins also prevent the discharge of pollutants
into the waters of the United States, including wetlands that violate any requirements of the
Clean Water Act, including but not limited to National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) requirements. In areas which will not have additional waste placed on them for three
months or more, but where final termination of disposal operations has not occurred, vegetative
cover will be present to prevent on-site erosion. Drainage channels, benches, and other
features will have appropriate control devices installed. Where needed, down slope drains will
be constructed of 15” corrugated plastic pipe. All devices are routinely inspected and repairs are
made as necessary and as soon as possible after detection.
No solid waste will be disposed of in standing water and surface water will be diverted away
from the active face. In addition, surface water will not be impounded over or in waste.
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Water Protection

14

20.0 Water Protection
The landfill has a comprehensive surface and groundwater monitoring program (reference
Figure 3 on the S&ME WQMP) to provide early detection information to allow for the prevention
of pollution to groundwater. This program is also comprised of a Groundwater Monitoring Plan
prepared by S&ME, project number 1584-98-081 which is included herewith and made a part
thereof and is included in Appendix D.
21.0 Maintenance
21.1 Repair of Security Control Devices
Should the routine inspection process note any deficiencies in any of the security and access
control devices, maintenance and repair will be performed as necessary. Locks, vehicular gates,
and fencing will be replaced if functioning improperly. Warning and information signs will be kept
legible at all times and will be replaced if damaged by inclement weather or vandalism.
21.2 Erosion Damage Repair
Should the routine inspection process note any evidence of erosion in any areas of the final cap
system, maintenance, repair, and reseeding will be performed as necessary and as soon as
possible after detection. Excessive slopes will be flattened if possible by adding clean fill
material. If necessary, erosion control fabrics will be used to expedite re-vegetation of slopes
and to secure topsoil in place.
21.3 Correction of Settlement, Subsidence, and Displacement
Minimum slopes of 5% will be maintained after settlement in order to prevent ponding and allow
for proper drainage while preventing infiltration. If vertical or horizontal displacement occurs due
to differential settlement, cracks will be filled with appropriate material and final cover will be
reestablished.
21.4 Repair of Run-On/Run-Off Control Structures
All terraces, swales, and perimeter channels will be repaired, cleaned, or realigned to maintain
original conditions and performance. Any culverts, pipe, or other control device that becomes
damaged will be repaired or replaced.

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Benchmarks

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22.0 Benchmarks
The landfill has a comprehensive horizontal and vertical control benchmark network (Drawing
CD-82B). This network is based on NAD 83 and NAVD 88. In addition to the on-site
benchmarks, the landfill facility has one NCGS control point (57W-200) on site and five points
on the west, south and east sides of the facility.
Figure 4 Typical benchmark signage

Figure 5 Record Keeping

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Record Keeping

16

23.0 Record Keeping
The City of Greensboro maintains detailed records of all activities relating to the landfill. These
records are kept on site. The records, generated electronically and hard copy are maintained
electronically in the Administration Building and archived on readily accessible media in the
records storage room in the Operations Building (2503 B). The records generated, maintained
and available upon request by the Division are as follows.
1. Waste Screening Inspection Form (Appendix C, Form 1)
2. Report of Attempted Disposal of Hazardous or Prohibited Materials Form (Appendix C,
Form 2)
3. Waste determination records
4. Amounts of waste received
5. Gas Monitoring results
6. Any demonstration, certification, finding, monitoring, testing, or analytical data required
by Rules .1630 thru .1637.
7. Any monitoring, testing, or analytical data as required by rule .1627.
8. Employee training records
9. Manager’s certifications
10. Landfill specialist certifications
11. Reports of attempts at disposal of prohibited wastes
12. Facility inspections
13. Notation of date and time of cover placement
14. Notation of date of approval and name of Division personnel who approved burning (if
applicable)
15. Approved Operation and Engineering Plan
16. Current permit to construct and permit to operate
17. Approved Monitoring Plan
18. Any cost estimates and financial assurance documentation required by Rule .0546.

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City of Greensboro | White Street Sanitary Landfill
Appendix 1 – Hazardous Contingency Plan
1
Appendix 1 – Hazardous
Contingency Plan

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City of Greensboro | White Street Saniatry Landfill
Hazardous Materials Contingency Plan

1

Hazardous Materials Contingency Plan
This plan is developed to meet the requirements of the North Carolina Administrative Code
13B.1626 (1) (f) (iv). The White Street Sanitary Landfill does not accept any liquid or hazardous
waste. Active measures are taken to insure that hazardous materials do not enter the landfill.
These include signage, customer screening, radiation scanning and load inspections.
This plan establishes procedures that must be taken to minimize hazards to human health and
the environment caused by sudden, non-sudden, or unplanned explosion, fire, discovery, or
release of an unknown or hazardous material to the air, soil, surface water, or ground water.
1 Facility Identifications and General Information
Owner/Operator: The City of Greensboro
Department of Environmental Services
Division of Solid Waste Management
White Street Sanitary Landfill
Location: 2503 White Street
Greensboro, North Carolina 27405
Mailing Address: PO Box 3136
Greensboro, NC 27402-3136
Telephone: [phone] (Administration Office)
[phone] (Landfill Operations)
[phone] (Landfill Operations Cell Phone)
1.1 Facility Type
This site is a Solid Waste Management Disposal facility comprised of the following operations:
(a) MSWLF disposal sites (active and closed), (b) construction and demolition debris landfill, (c)
Yard Waste composting facility, (d) Heavy equipment maintenance garage, (e) Automated fuel
dispensing station, (f) three administrative office buildings, (g) equipment and material storage
facility, (h) two phase Landfill gas systems.
The White Street Sanitary Landfill is not a RCRA Hazardous Waste generator or disposer. Any
hazardous materials encounter on this site will be as a result of an attempt to improperly
dispose of materials banned from this site or materials exempt from regulation.
1.2 Personnel Training
Facility personnel are properly instructed in the operation and maintenance of all equipment
used to prevent discharges from the site. Personnel receive training upon employment and
annual refreshers. The Contingency Plan is reviewed and updated annually.
City of Greensboro | White Street Saniatry Landfill
Emergency Coordinators

2

2 Emergency Coordinators
Primary Emergency Coordinator Business
Phone
Cellular
Solid Waste Disposal Manager
112 Cypress St.
Greensboro, NC 27405

[phone] [phone]

Secondary Emergency
Coordinators
Business
Phone
Cellular
Operations Supervisor
1921 Rankin Mill Rd.
Greensboro, NC 27405

[phone] [phone]
Environmental Compliance
Specialist
2407 Four Seasons Blvd.
Greensboro, NC 27407

[phone] [phone]
Composting Facility Supervisor

[phone] [phone]

3 Emergency Phone Numbers
Fire and/or Hazmat 911 or 373-2222
Police 911 or 373-2222
Emergency Medical Service 911
Emergency Management (Greensboro/Guilford
Co.) 336-373-2278 or 336-574-4082
Emergency Management Operations (NCDEQ) [phone]
NCDEQ DWM (Winston-Salem Regional Office 336-771-5000
NC Department of Labor – OSHA [phone] or 1-800-625-2267
CHEMTREC [phone]
National Response Center [phone] or 202-267-2675
Medical Services (City of Greensboro) 336-373-2412
Moses Cone Hospital (Emergency Department) 336-832-8040

4 Emergency Response Procedures
In the event that hazardous or suspicious materials are detected at the landfill, the following
steps will be taken:
4.1 NOTIFICATION:
The individual discovering the situation will immediately notify the Administrative Building. The
operator receiving the call will immediately notify the Emergency Coordinator.
City of Greensboro | White Street Saniatry Landfill
Follow-up

3

The Emergency Coordinator shall assess the situation and take action as necessary. In the
event of an actual emergency situation, the Emergency Coordinator must immediately take the
following steps:
1. Notify all landfill personnel.
2. Evacuate personnel and customers to a safe location, as appropriate.
3. Require transporter to remain at facility, as appropriate.
4. Implement the appropriate action plan (see appendix).
5. Notify Greensboro Fire Department Hazmat Team if appropriate.
6. Notify NCDEQ DWM, Solid Waste Section.
7. If the Emergency Coordinator has determined that the facility has had a release, fire or
explosion that could threaten human health, or the environment, outside the facility, then
the NCDEQ Emergency Management Center (800-858-0368) and the National
Response Center (800-424-8802) must be notified and the report should include the
following information:
a. Name and telephone number of reporter
b. Name and address of facility
c. Time and type of incident (release, fire, etc.)
d. Name and quantity of material involved
e. The extent of injuries, if any
f. Possible hazards to human health, or the environment, outside the facility
g. Corrective actions taken or planned
5 Follow-up
The Emergency Coordinator will ensure that, after a hazardous materials emergency has
occurred, all recovered waste, contaminated soil and water will be disposed of in accordance
with EPA guidelines.
The Emergency Coordinator will see that all materials used in the containment or cleanup are
replaced in a timely manner.
The Emergency Coordinator will also ensure that an investigation be conducted to determine
the cause of the incident and the steps will be taken to prevent its reoccurrence.
The Emergency Coordinator shall notify NCDEQ within 24 hours of an attempted disposal of
any waste the landfill is not permitted to receive, including waste from outside the area the
landfill is permitted to serve. Within five days of the incident, the Emergency Coordinator must
submit a written report to the NCDEQ, DWM, Solid Waste Section. The report must include the
following:
a. The name, address, and telephone umber of the facility
b. The name, address and telephone number of the transporter
c. The name address and telephone number of the waste generator
d. When the incident took place
City of Greensboro | White Street Saniatry Landfill
Appendix

4

e. Who was responsible for responding the incident (Hazmat Team, Environmental
Clean-up contractor, etc.)
f. The response actions taken
g. The extent of human injuries caused by the incident
h. An assessment of harm to both human health and environment
i. The amount of materials recovered and disposed of the incident
j. Additionally, the report should contain documentation of calls of notification to the
state or EPA as appropriate.
k. Note preventative measures, if any, and historical incidents at the site.
6 Appendix
The Emergency Coordinator will ensure that, after a hazardous materials emergency has
occurred, all recovered waste, contaminated soil and water will be disposed of in accordance
with EPA guidelines.
The Emergency Coordinator will see that all materials used in the containment or cleanup are
replaced in a timely manner.
The Emergency Coordinator will also ensure that an investigation be conducted to determine
the cause of the incident and the steps will be taken to prevent its reoccurrence.

The Emergency Coordinator shall notify NCDEQ within 24 hours of an attempted disposal of
any waste the landfill is not permitted to receive, including waste from outside the area the
landfill is permitted to serve. Within five days of the incident, the Emergency Coordinator must
submit a written report to the NCDEQ, DWM, Solid Waste Section. The report must include the
following:
a. The name, address, and telephone umber of the facility
b. The name, address and telephone number of the transporter
c. The name address and telephone number of the waste generator
d. When the incident took place
e. Who was responsible for responding the incident (Hazmat Team, Environmental
Clean-up contractor, etc.)
f. The response actions taken
g. The extent of human injuries caused by the incident
h. An assessment of harm to both human health and environment
i. The amount of materials recovered and disposed of the incident
j. Additionally, the report should contain documentation of calls of notification to the
state or EPA as appropriate.
k. Note preventative measures, if any, and historical incidents at the site.
City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill

Appendix D - Water Quality Monitoring Plan

D D
Appendix D - Water Quality
Monitoring Plan

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North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Dexter Matthews, Director Division of Waste Management Beverly Eaves Perdue, Governor
Dee Freeman, Secretary

1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646
Phone: [phone] \ FAX: [phone] \ Internet: www.wastenotnc.org
An Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Employer - 50 % Recycled \ 10 % Post Consumer Paper
1
May 14, 2009

Ms. Jeryl Covington
City of Greensboro Environmental Services Department
P.O. Box 3136
Greensboro, NC 27402

Re: Approval of Corrective Action Plan (CAP)
White Street Landfill, Phase II, Guilford County, Permit #41-03

Dear Ms. Covington:

The Solid Waste Section has reviewed the June 30, 2008 White Street Landfill Phase II Corrective Action
Plan (CAP) and the April 2009 Revised White Street Landfill Phase II Corrective Action Plan (CAP)
submitted on behalf of the City of Greensboro by S&ME, Inc. Pursuant to 15A NCAC 13B .1636, the
City of Greensboro selected Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA), Phytoremediation, and maintaining a
consistent contour within Phase II as the remedy to restore groundwater quality and effectively reduce the
groundwater contamination at the facility. The Solid Waste Section approved the selected remedy for the
White Street Landfill, Phase II on June 24, 2008.

The Corrective Action Plan (CAP) proposes implementation of the following activities:
Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)
Phytoremediation
Maintaining a consistent contour within Phase II

A comprehensive MNA baseline will be established at the facility consisting of four consecutive quarterly
sampling events. In addition, hybrid poplars and willows will be used in a phytoremediation system by
enhancing the corrective action of the metal thallium and volatile organic compounds impacting
groundwater downgradient from the facility. As a result, the Solid Waste Section hereby approves the
Corrective Action Plan for immediate implementation. The implementation of the approved selected
remedy shall now take place in accordance with 15A NCAC 13B .1637, .0547, and as outlined in the
Corrective Action Plan. If the selected remedy proves to be ineffective, then the contingency plan located
within the Corrective Action Plan shall be implemented. If you have any questions or concerns regarding
this letter, please contact me at 919-508-8500. Thank you for your continued cooperation with this
matter.

Sincerely,
Jaclynne Drummond
Hydrogeologist
Environmental Compliance
Solid Waste Section

1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646
Phone: [phone] \ FAX: [phone] \ Internet: www.wastenotnc.org

An Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Employer - 50 % Recycled \ 10 % Post Consumer Paper
2

cc: Connel Ware, S&ME, Inc.
Greg Thomasson, City of Greensboro
Mark Poindexter, Field Operations Supervisor
Jason Watkins, Central District Supervisor
Hugh Jernigan, Environmental Senior Specialist
Ming Tai Chao, Permitting Engineer
Ellen Lorscheider, Planning and Programs Manager
Solid Waste Section Central Files

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g
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1
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B
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BQ
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B
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B
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56
.
2
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5

2
.
8
BQ
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B
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L

B
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B
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B
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B
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93
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2
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B
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B
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B
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B
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73
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B
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2
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8
BQ
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B
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B
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L

B
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B
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B
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B
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L
82
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5

2
.
8
BQ
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10
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B
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B
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B
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B
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18
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20
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15
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I
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N

A
B
O
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E

2
L

S
U
M
M
A
R
Y

T
A
B
L
E
PH
A
S
E

I
I

-

W
H
I
T
E

S
T
R
E
E
T

L
A
N
D
F
I
L
L
9/
2
5
/
1
9
9
6
1/
5
/
1
9
9
6
11
/
1
7
/
1
9
9
5
7/
1
1
/
1
9
9
5
3/
1
7
/
1
9
9
5
9/
9
/
1
9
9
4
7/
6
/
1
9
9
4
3/
2
5
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1
9
9
4

Sa
m
p
l
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g

D
a
t
e
4/
1
2
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2
0
0
7
10
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1
9
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2
0
0
6
10
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1
6
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2
0
0
3
4/
1
5
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2
0
0
3
4/
2
4
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2
0
0
6
10
/
1
1
/
2
0
0
5
5/
1
1
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2
0
0
5
2/
1
7
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2
0
0
5
9/
1
3
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2
0
0
0
3/
2
7
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2
0
0
0
PQ
L

=
BQ
L

=
9/
1
8
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2
0
0
2
3/
7
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2
0
0
2
9/
1
3
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2
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0
1
3/
1
2
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2
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0
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9/
2
2
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2
0
0
4
3/
2
4
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0
4
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2
7
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2
0
0
7
NC
A
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2
L

s
t
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.

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r
a
n
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e

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d

c
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n
c
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n
t
r
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t
i
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n

e
x
c
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d
s

t
h
e

N
C
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C

2
L

g
r
o
u
n
d
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r

s
t
a
n
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.
Al
l

c
o
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c
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n
t
r
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t
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s

a
r
e

r
e
p
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d

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n

m
i
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s

p
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l
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t
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r

(
µ
/
L
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=

ns

=
Pa
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3

o
f

9
PQL NCAC 2L
I-
5

I
I
-
1

I
I
-
2

I
I
-
3

I
I
-
4

I
I
-
5

I
I
-
6

I
I
-
7

I
I
-
7
B

I
I
-
8

M
W
-
1
3

M
W
-
1
4

std.
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

N
A

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

N
A

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

N
A

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
95
.
4
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
16
0
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
66
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
77
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
52
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
87
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
15
0
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
15
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L
19
0
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

B
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L
12
NI

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L
12
NI

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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9
NI

B
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L

B
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L

B
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5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
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B
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B
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B
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B
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B
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12
NI

B
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B
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B
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L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
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B
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L

B
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L

B
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B
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L

B
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9.
6
NI

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L
20
BQ
L

B
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L

B
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L

B
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L

5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
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7
BQ
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B
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B
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B
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5

0
.
7
BQ
L

B
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B
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B
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B
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B
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B
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8.
7
BQ
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B
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B
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5

0
.
7
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5

0
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7
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6.
7
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7
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5

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5
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15
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1
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2
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1
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2
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=
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L

=
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1
8
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7
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1
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2
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2
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2
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0
7
NC
A
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2
L

s
t
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.

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r
a
n
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e

c
e
l
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s

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n
d
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t
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d

c
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c
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t
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n

e
x
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e
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d
s

t
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e

N
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2
L

g
r
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n
d
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r

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t
a
n
d
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d
.
Al
l

c
o
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c
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n
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r
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t
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s

a
r
e

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e
p
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d

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n

m
i
c
r
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g
r
a
m
s

p
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r

l
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t
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r

(
µ
/
L
)
.
ns

=
NI

=

Pa
g
e

4

o
f

9
PQL NCAC 2L
I-
5

I
I
-
1

I
I
-
2

I
I
-
3

I
I
-
4

I
I
-
5

I
I
-
6

I
I
-
7

I
I
-
7
B

I
I
-
8

M
W
-
1
3

M
W
-
1
4

std.
BQ
L
93
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

1
0

0
.
0
1
5
BQ
L
9
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

1
0

0
.
0
1
5
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

1
0

0
.
0
1
5
BQ
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

N
I

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

B
Q
L

1
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City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill

Appendix E - Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) Plan

E
Appendix E - Construction
Quality Assurance (CQA) Plan

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Construction
Quality Assurance
Plan
City of Greensboro
2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Greensboro, North Carolina
December 2016

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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Contents
Contents

1.0 General .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Definitions Relating to Construction Quality ................................................................... 1
1.2.1 Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) ................................................................... 1
1.2.2 Construction Quality Control (CQC) ........................................................................ 1
1.2.3 CQC/CQA Certification Document ......................................................................... 1
1.2.4 Discrepancies Between Documents ........................................................................ 1
1.3 Parties to Construction Quality Assurance ..................................................................... 2
1.3.1 Description of the Parties ........................................................................................ 2
1.3.1.1 Owner .................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.1.2 Project Manager .................................................................................................. 2
1.3.1.3 Engineer .............................................................................................................. 2
1.3.1.4 Contractor ............................................................................................................ 2
1.3.1.5 Construction Quality Assurance Consultant ........................................................ 3
1.3.1.6 Soils Construction Quality Assurance Laboratory................................................ 3
1.3.1.7 Construction Quality Control Consultant .............................................................. 3
1.3.1.8 Soils Construction Quality Control Laboratory ..................................................... 4
1.3.2 Qualifications of the Parties ..................................................................................... 4
1.3.2.1 Contractor ............................................................................................................ 4
1.3.2.2 Construction Quality Assurance Consultant ........................................................ 4
1.3.2.3 Construction Quality Control Consultant .............................................................. 4
1.4 Scope of Construction Quality Assurance Plan .............................................................. 4
1.5 Units ............................................................................................................................... 4
1.6 References ..................................................................................................................... 4
1.7 Site and Project Control .................................................................................................. 4
1.7.1 CQA/CQC Resolution Meeting ................................................................................ 5
1.7.2 CQA/CQC Preconstruction Meeting ........................................................................ 5
1.7.3 Daily and Weekly CQA/CQC Progress Meetings .................................................... 6
1.7.4 Program or Work Deficiency Meetings .................................................................... 6
2.0 Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance .............................................. 7
2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 7
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Contents
2.2 Low Permeability Soil Cap .............................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 Subgrade ................................................................................................................. 7
2.2.2 Low Permeability Soil Cap Material ......................................................................... 7
2.3 Soils Testing ................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.1 Test Methods ........................................................................................................... 8
2.3.2 Soils Testing Requirements .................................................................................... 8
2.4 Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance .......................................... 8
2.4.1 Monitoring ................................................................................................................ 8
2.4.2 Construction Quality Assurance Judgmental Testing .............................................. 8
2.4.3 Perforations in Cap .................................................................................................. 9
2.4.4 Deficiencies ............................................................................................................. 9
2.4.4.1 Notification ........................................................................................................... 9
2.4.4.2 Repairs and Retesting ......................................................................................... 9
3.0 Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance ................................................................ 10
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Topsoil Layer ................................................................................................................ 10
3.2.1 Topsoil Layer Material ........................................................................................... 10
3.3 Materials Testing .......................................................................................................... 10
3.3.1 Test Methods ......................................................................................................... 10
3.3.2 Material Testing Requirements ............................................................................. 10
3.4 Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance ............................................................. 10
3.4.1 Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 10
3.4.2 Deficiencies ........................................................................................................... 10
3.4.2.1 Notification ......................................................................................................... 11
3.4.2.2 Repairs and Retesting ....................................................................................... 11
4.0 Surveying Construction Quality Control ........................................................................... 12
4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Survey Control .............................................................................................................. 12
4.3 Surveying Personnel .................................................................................................... 12
4.4 Precision and Accuracy ................................................................................................ 12
4.5 Lines and Grades ......................................................................................................... 12
4.6 Frequency and Spacing ................................................................................................ 13
4.7 Thickness Measurements ............................................................................................. 13
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Contents
4.8 Tolerances .................................................................................................................... 13
4.9 Documentation ............................................................................................................. 13
5.0 Construction Quality Assurance Documentation .............................................................. 14
5.1 Documentation ............................................................................................................. 14
5.2 Recordkeeping ............................................................................................................. 14
5.2.1 Memorandum of Discussion with CQC Consultant ............................................... 14
5.2.2 CQA Observation Logs and Testing Data Sheets ................................................. 15
5.2.3 CQA Construction Problem and Solution Data Sheets ......................................... 15
5.3 CQA Photographic Reporting Data Sheets .................................................................. 15
5.4 Design and/or Project Technical Specification Changes .............................................. 16
5.5 CQA Progress Reports ................................................................................................. 16
5.6 Signature and Final Report ........................................................................................... 16
5.7 Storage of Records ....................................................................................................... 17

Figures
Figure 1 CQA/CQC Lines of Authority and Communication ......................................................... 3

iii

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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
General
1.0 General
1.1 Introduction
This Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) Plan (Plan) has been prepared to provide the
Owner, Engineer, and CQA Consultant the means to govern the construction quality and to
satisfy landfill certification requirements under current solid waste management regulations.
More specifically, this Plan addresses the soils components of the closure cap system. The cap
system, as referenced herein, generally consists of a compacted low permeability soil layer and
a topsoil layer. General references to the various components in this Plan as the "cap system" is
intended to be as described herein.
The Plan is divided into the following sections:
• Section 1.0 General
• Section 2.0 Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance
• Section 3.0 Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance
• Section 4.0 Surveying Construction Quality Control
• Section 5.0 Construction Quality Assurance Documentation
1.2 Definitions Relating to Construction Quality
1.2.1 Construction Quality Assurance (CQA)
In the context of this Plan, CQA is defined as a planned and systematic program employed by
the Owner to assure conformity of the cap system installation with Contract Drawings and the
project specifications. CQA is provided by the CQA Consultant as a representative of the Owner
and is independent from the Contractor and all manufacturers. The CQA program is designed to
provide adequate confidence that items or services meet contractual and regulatory
requirements and will perform satisfactorily in service.
1.2.2 Construction Quality Control (CQC)
Construction Quality Control (CQC) refers to actions taken the Contractor to ensure that the
materials and the workmanship meet the requirements of this Plan and the project
specifications. In the case of the cap system, CQC is provided by the Contractor's CQC
1.2.3 CQC/CQA Certification Document
At the completion of construction, a certification document will be prepared by the CQA
Consultant and be submitted to State Solid Waste Regulators. The certification report will
include all CQC testing performed by the CQC Consultant and all CQA conformance testing
performed by the CQA Consultant.
1.2.4 Discrepancies Between Documents
The Plan is intended to be a supporting document to improve the overall documentation of the
Work. The Plan is less specific from the project specifications, and conflicts may exist between
the documents. The Contractor is instructed to bring discrepancies to the attention of the
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
General
Engineer or CQA Consultant for resolution. The Engineer has the sole authority to determine
resolution of discrepancies existing within the Contract Documents. Unless otherwise
determined by the Engineer, the more stringent requirement shall be the controlling resolution.
Reference is made to the project specifications, Section 00700 - General Conditions.
1.3 Parties to Construction Quality Assurance
1.3.1 Description of the Parties
The parties to CQA and QC include the Owner, Project Manager, Engineer, Contractor, CQA
Consultant, soils CQA laboratory, CQC Consultant, and soils CQC laboratory. The lines of
authority and communications between each of the parties involved in the CQA and CQC are
illustrated in Figure 1 (see page 4).
1.3.1.1 OWNER
The Owner is the City of Greensboro (City), who owns and/or is responsible for the facility.
1.3.1.2 PROJECT MANAGER
The Project Manager is the official representative of the Owner. The Project Manager serves as
communications coordinator for the project, initiating the resolution, preconstruction, and
construction meetings outlined in Section 1.7. The Project Manager shall also be responsible for
proper resolution of all quality issues that arise during construction.
1.3.1.3 ENGINEER
The Engineer is responsible for the engineering design, drawings, plans, and project
specifications for the cap system.
1.3.1.4 CONTRACTOR
The Contractor is responsible for the construction of the low permeability soil cap and topsoil
layer. The Contractor is responsible for submittal coordination and the overall CQC on the
project.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
General
Figure 1 CQA/CQC Lines of Authority and Communication

1.3.1.5 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE CONSULTANT
The CQA Consultant is a representative of the Owner and is responsible for observing, testing,
and documenting activities related to the CQC/CQA of the earthworks at the site. The CQA
Consultant is also responsible for issuing a facility certification report, sealed by a Professional
Engineer registered in North Carolina.
1.3.1.6 SOILS CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE LABORATORY
The soils CQA laboratory is a party, independent from the Owner, that is responsible for
conducting geotechnical tests on conformance samples of soils used in the cap system. The
soils CQA laboratory service cannot be provided by any party involved with the Contractor.
1.3.1.7 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY CONTROL CONSULTANT
The CQC Consultant is a representative of the Contractor and is responsible for the earthwork
and low permeability soil cap quality control sampling and testing. The term CQC Consultant
shall be used to designate the Engineer in charge of the QC work. The personnel of the CQC
Consultant also includes QC monitors, who are also located at the site for construction
observation and monitoring. The CQC Consultant is responsible for the timely conveyance of
CQC testing results to the CQA Consultant.
City of
Greensboro -
Design Engineer
(HDR)
NC DEQ
Dept. Solid Waste
Certification
Document
Project Manager
(HDR)
Contractor CQA Soils
Laboratory
CQC Consultant

Subcontractors

CQA Program
CQC Program

CQA Consultant
CQC Soils
Laboratory

3

City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
General
1.3.1.8 SOILS CONSTRUCTION QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY
The Soils CQC laboratory is a party, independent from the Contractor, which is responsible for
conducting geotechnical tests on conformance samples of soils used in the cap system.
1.3.2 Qualifications of the Parties
The following qualifications are required of all parties involved with the manufacture, fabrication,
installation, transportation, and CQC/CQA of all materials for the cap system. Where applicable,
these qualifications must be submitted by the Contractor to the Project Manager for review and
approval.
1.3.2.1 CONTRACTOR
Qualifications of the Contractor are specific to the construction contract and independent of this
CQA Plan.
1.3.2.2 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE CONSULTANT
The CQA Consultant will act as the Owner's CQA Representative and will report to the Project
Manager. The CQA Consultant will perform conformance testing to satisfy the requirements of
this Plan, will observe the CQC work performed by the CQC Consultant, and will prepare the
certification document incorporating both CQA and CQC test data. The CQA Consultant will
have experience in the CQC/CQA aspects of landfill cap system construction and soils testing,
and be familiar with American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) and other related
industry standards. The activities of the CQA Consultant will be performed under the
supervision of a registered Professional Engineer.
1.3.2.3 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY CONTROL CONSULTANT
The CQC Consultant will be a party, independent from the Contractor. The CQC Consultant will
be experienced with soils, including low permeability soil caps. The CQC Consultant will satisfy
the requirements of the project specifications and be approved by the Project Manager. The
activities of the CQC Consultant will be performed under the supervision of a registered
Professional Engineer.
1.4 Scope of Construction Quality Assurance Plan
The scope of this Plan includes the CQA of the soils components of the cap system for the
subject facility. The CQA for the selection, evaluation, and placement of the soils is included in
the scope. This document is intended to be used in concert with the CQC requirements
presented in the project specifications.
1.5 Units
In this Plan, all properties and dimensions are expressed in United States units.
1.6 References
The Plan includes references to the most recent version of the test procedures of the ASTM.
1.7 Site and Project Control
To guarantee a high degree of quality during installation, clear, open channels of
communication are essential. To that end, meetings are critical.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
General
1.7.1 CQA/CQC Resolution Meeting
Prior to field mobilization by the Contractor, a Resolution Meeting will be held. This meeting will
include all parties then involved, including the Project Manager, the CQA Consultant, the
Engineer, the Contractor, and the CQC Consultant.
The purpose of this meeting is to begin planning for coordination of tasks, anticipate any
problems which might cause difficulties and delays in construction, and, above all, review the
CQA and CQC Plans to all of the parties involved. It is imperative that the rules regarding
testing, repair, etc., be known and accepted by all.
This meeting should include all of the following activities:
• communicate to all parties any relevant documents;
• review critical design details of the project;
• review the site-specific CQA and CQC Plans;
• make any appropriate modifications to the CQA and CQC Plans to ensure that they
specify all testing activities that are necessary;
• reach a consensus on the CQA/CQC quality control procedures, especially on methods
for determining acceptability of the soils;
• review the proposed cap system;
• select testing equipment and review protocols for testing and placement of general
earthwork materials;
• confirm methods for the low permeability soil cap material selection testing, acceptable
zone determinations, and test strip installation; and
• confirm the methods for documenting and reporting, for distributing documents and
reports, and confirm the lines of authority and communication.
The meeting will be documented by the Project Manager and minutes will be transmitted to all
parties.
1.7.2 CQA/CQC Preconstruction Meeting
A Preconstruction Meeting will be held at the site prior to placement of the low permeability soil
cap. At a minimum, the meeting will be attended by the Project Manager, Engineer, the CQA
Consultant, the Contractor, and the CQC Consultant.
Specific topics considered for this meeting include:
• make any appropriate modifications to the CQA and CQC Plans;
• review the responsibilities of each party;
• review lines of authority and communication;
• review methods for documenting and reporting, and for distributing documents and
reports;
• establish protocols for testing;
• establish protocols for handling deficiencies, repairs, and retesting;
• review the time schedule for all operations;
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
General
• review repair procedures; and
• establish soil stockpiling locations (if any).
The meeting will be documented by the Project Manager and minutes will be transmitted to all
parties. The Resolution Meeting and the Preconstruction Meeting may be held as one meeting
or separate meetings, depending on the direction of the Project Manager.
1.7.3 Daily and Weekly CQA/CQC Progress Meetings
A weekly progress meeting will be held between the Project Manager, the CQA Consultant, the
Contractor, the CQC Consultant, and representatives from any other involved parties. This
meeting will discuss current progress, planned activities for the next week, and any new
business or revisions to the work. The CQA Consultant will log any problems, decisions or
questions arising at this meeting in his daily report. Any matter requiring action which is raised in
this meeting will be reported to the appropriate parties.
A daily meeting will be held between the CQA Consultant, the CQC Consultant, and
representatives from any other involved parties. This meeting will discuss current progress,
planned activities for the next shift, and any new business or revisions to the work. The CQA
Consultant will log any problems, decisions, or questions arising at this meeting in his daily
report. Any matter requiring action which is raised in this meeting will be reported to the
appropriate parties.
Meeting frequency will depend on the schedule of the project and the mutual agreement of all
parties involved.
1.7.4 Program or Work Deficiency Meetings
A special meeting will be held when and if a problem or deficiency is present or likely to occur.
At a minimum, the meeting will be attended by all interested parties, the Contractor, the Project
Manager, and the CQA Consultant. If the problem requires a design modification, the Engineer
should also be present. The purpose of the meeting is to define and resolve the problem or work
deficiency as follows:
• define and discuss the problem or deficiency;
• review alternative solutions; and
• implement an action plan to resolve the problem or deficiency.
The meeting will be documented by the Project Manager and minutes will be transmitted to
affected parties.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance
2.0 Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction
Quality Assurance
2.1 Introduction
This section of the Plan addresses the low permeability soil cap, and outlines the soils CQA
program to be implemented with regard to materials confirmation, laboratory and field
confirmation test requirements, overview and interfacing with the Contractor's CQC Program,
and resolution of problems.
2.2 Low Permeability Soil Cap
2.2.1 Subgrade
The subgrade material below the low permeability soil cap will be prepared by the Contractor
prior to the placement of fill. The CQC Consultant will provide density testing of the pre-fill
subgrade at the frequency specified in the project specifications. The CQA Consultant will
observe the proofroll by the Contractor, review the density test data provided by the CQC
Consultant, and provide verification that the pre-fill subgrade is acceptable. The CQA
Consultant may conduct confirmation density testing as deemed appropriate. The CQA
Consultant will visually examine the surface of the subgrade to verify that any potentially
deleterious materials have been removed.
The subgrade material below the low permeability soil cap is composed of controlled fill and in
situ soils. The Contractor shall place controlled fill as required to cover exposed waste and to fill
depressions in the subgrade in accordance with the project specifications. The CQC Consultant
shall provide testing of the controlled fill material in accordance with the project specifications.
The CQA Consultant will provide confirmation testing of the controlled fill as deemed
appropriate.
2.2.2 Low Permeability Soil Cap Material
The low permeability soil cap shall be placed and compacted in accordance with the project
specifications. The CQC Consultant shall conduct field density and moisture tests at the
frequency presented in the project specifications. The CQA Consultant shall provide
conformance tests at a frequency of approximately 10 percent of the required CQC tests.
Additional CQA conformance testing may be performed at the discretion of the CQA Consultant.
Hydraulic Conductivity, Atterberg Limits, and Percent Fines testing of the low permeability soil
cap material shall be performed by the CQC Consultant in accordance with the project
specifications. Additional CQA conformance testing may be performed at the discretion of the
CQA Consultant.
Thickness measurement shall be conducted in accordance with the project specifications by the
CQC Consultant and observed by the CQA Consultant.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance
2.3 Soils Testing
2.3.1 Test Methods
All testing used to evaluate the suitability or conformance of soils materials will be carried out in
accordance with the project specifications.
2.3.2 Soils Testing Requirements
The soil CQC testing must comply with the minimum frequencies presented in the project
specifications. The frequency of CQA testing required will be determined by the CQA Consultant
in light of the potential variability of materials and the acceptance/failure rate of the CQC testing.
2.4 Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance
CQA will be performed on low permeability soil cap construction. CQA evaluation will consist of:
(1) monitoring the work and observing the CQC testing; and (2) performing laboratory and field
conformance tests. Laboratory CQA conformance tests will be conducted on samples taken at
the borrow source, stockpile, and during the course of the work prior to construction. Field CQA
conformance tests will be conducted during the course of the work.
2.4.1 Monitoring
The CQA Consultant shall monitor and document the construction of the low permeability soil
cap. Monitoring the construction work for the subgrade and the soil cap includes the following:
• observing CQC testing to determine the water content and other physical properties of
the subgrade and low permeability soil cap during compaction and compilation of the
data;
• monitoring the loose thickness of lifts as placed;
• monitoring the action of the compaction and/or heavy hauling equipment on the
construction surface (i.e., penetration, pumping, cracking. etc.); and
• monitoring the number of passes used to compact each lift.
2.4.2 Construction Quality Assurance Judgmental Testing
During construction, the frequency of conformance testing may be increased at the discretion of
the CQA Consultant when visual observations of construction performance indicate a potential
problem. Additional testing for suspected areas will be considered when:
• the rollers slip during rolling operation;
• the lift thickness is greater than specified;
• the fill material is at an improper moisture content;
• fewer than the specified number of roller passes are made;
• dirt-clogged rollers are used to compact the material;
• the rollers may not have used optimum ballast;
• the fill materials differ substantially from those specified; or
• the degree of compaction is doubtful.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Low Permeability Soil Cap Construction Quality Assurance
2.4.3 Perforations in Cap
Perforations that must be filled will include, but not be limited to, the following:
•nuclear density test probe locations;
•permeability sampling locations; and/or
•thickness checks.
Unless otherwise noted, or as directed by the Project Manager, all perforations of the subgrade
and low permeability soil cap by probes or sample tubes will be backfilled in accordance with
project specifications. The CQA Consultant will observe and confirm that adequate procedures
are being employed.
2.4.4 Deficiencies
If a defect is discovered in the low permeability soil cap product, the CQC Consultant will
immediately determine the extent and nature of the defect. If the defect is indicated by an
unsatisfactory test result, the CQC Consultant will determine the extent of the deficient area by
additional tests, observations, a review of records, or other appropriate means. If the defect is
related to adverse site conditions, such as overly wet soils or surface desiccation, the CQC
Consultant will define the limits and nature of the defect.
2.4.4.1 NOTIFICATION
After determining the extent and nature of a defect, the CQC Consultant will notify the Project
Manager, the CQA Consultant, and Contractor and schedule appropriate retests when the work
deficiency is corrected. The CQA Consultant shall observe all retests on defects.
2.4.4.2 REPAIRS AND RETESTING
The Contractor will correct the deficiency to the satisfaction of the CQA Consultant. If a project
specification criterion cannot be met, or unusual weather conditions hinder work, then the CQC
Consultant will develop and present to the Project Manager and CQA Consultant suggested
solutions for approval.
All retests recommended by the CQC Consultant must verify that the defect has been corrected
before any additional work is performed by the Contractor in the area of the deficiency. The
CQA Consultant will verify that all installation requirements are met and that all submittals are
provided.
9
City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance
3.0 Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance
3.1 Introduction
This section of the Plan addresses the topsoil layer of the cap system and outlines the CQA
program to be implemented with regard to materials confirmation, laboratory and field test
requirements, overview and interfacing with the Contractor's CQC Program, and resolution of
problems.
3.2 Topsoil Layer
3.2.1 Topsoil Layer Material
The topsoil layer shall be placed in accordance with the project specifications. The CQC
Consultant will provide thickness testing of the material at the frequency specified in the project
specifications.
3.3 Materials Testing
3.3.1 Test Methods
All testing used to evaluate the suitability or conformance of topsoil layer materials will be
carried out in accordance with the project specifications.
3.3.2 Material Testing Requirements
The material CQC testing must comply with the minimum frequencies presented in the project
specifications. The frequency of CQA testing will be determined by the CQA Consultant in light
of the potential variability of the materials and the acceptance/failure rate of the CQC testing.
3.4 Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance
CQA evaluation of the topsoil layer will consist of monitoring the work and observing the CQC
testing.
3.4.1 Monitoring
The CQA Consultant shall monitor and document the construction of the topsoil layer.
Monitoring the construction work for the topsoil layer includes the following:
• verifying material meets specification requirements for topsoil;
• monitor placement of material to ensure that it is accomplished in a manner that does
not damage the low permeability soil cap;
• review CQC Consultant thickness testing results and conduct confirmation thickness
testing as deemed appropriate; and,
• verify that the finished surface is free of stones, sticks, or other material 1 IN or more in
any dimension and suitable for seeding.
3.4.2 Deficiencies
If a defect is discovered in the topsoil layer product, the CQC Consultant will immediately
determine the extent and nature of the defect and report it to the CQA Consultant. If the defect
10

City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Topsoil Layer Construction Quality Assurance
is indicated by an unsatisfactory test result, the CQC Consultant will determine the extent of the
deficient area by additional tests, observations, a review of records, or other means that the
CQA Consultant deems appropriate.
3.4.2.1 NOTIFICATION
After determining the extent and nature of a defect, the CQC Consultant will notify the Project
Manager and Contractor and schedule appropriate retests when the work deficiency is
corrected. The CQA Consultant shall observe all retests on defects.
3.4.2.2 REPAIRS AND RETESTING
The Contractor will correct the deficiency to the satisfaction of the CQA Consultant. If a project
specification criterion cannot be met, or unusual weather conditions hinder work, then the CQC
Consultant will develop and present to the Project Manager suggested solutions for his
approval.
All retests recommended by the CQC Consultant must verify that the defect has been corrected
before any additional work is performed by the Contractor in the area of the deficiency. The
CQA Consultant will verify that all installation requirements are met and that all submittals are
provided.

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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Surveying Construction Quality Control
4.0 Surveying Construction Quality Control
4.1 Introduction
Surveying of lines and grades is conducted on an ongoing basis during construction of the cap
system. Close CQC of the surveying is absolutely essential to ensure that slopes are properly
constructed. The surveying conducted at the site shall be performed by the Contractor.
4.2 Survey Control
Permanent benchmarks and baseline control points are to be established for the site at
locations convenient for daily tie-in. The vertical and horizontal controls for this benchmark will
be established within normal land surveying standards.
4.3 Surveying Personnel
The Contractor's survey crew will consist of a senior surveyor, and as many surveying CQC
monitors as are required to satisfactorily undertake the requirements for the work. All surveying
CQC Personnel will be experienced in the provision of these services, including detailed, and
accurate documentation.
All surveying will be performed under the direct supervision of a registered Professional
Engineer or Licensed Land Surveyor licensed in the state in which the project is located. The
Licensed Land Surveyor may be the senior surveyor.
4.4 Precision and Accuracy
A wide variety of survey equipment is available to meet the requirements of this project. The
survey instruments used for this work should be sufficiently precise and accurate to meet the
needs of the project. All survey instruments should be capable of reading to a precision of 0.01-
foot and with a setting accuracy of 20 seconds (5.6 x 10-3 degrees).
4.5 Lines and Grades
The following surfaces shall be surveyed to verify the lines and grades achieved during
construction. The survey should at least include (as deemed appropriate by the Engineer and
CQA Consultant):
• one or more construction baselines;
• a working grid with a sufficient number of benchmarks;
• surface of the subgrade;
• all existing structures within closure area;
• surface of the low permeability soil cap component;
• surface of the topsoil layer;
• elevations and locations of temporary berms;
• top/toe of all perimeter berms, roads, and channels;
• location of edge of final cover; and
• locations and invert elevations of slope drains.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Surveying Construction Quality Control
Laser planes are highly recommended for achieving the correct lines and grades during
construction of each surface.
4.6 Frequency and Spacing
All surveying will be carried out immediately upon completion of a given installation to facilitate
progress and avoid delaying commencement of the next installation. In addition, spot checks, as
determined by the senior surveyor, CQA Consultant, or Project Manager, during construction
may be necessary to assist the Contractor in complying with the required grades.
The following spacings and locations will be provided by the CQC surveyor, as a minimum, for
survey points:
• surfaces with slopes less than 10 percent will be surveyed on a square grid not wider
than 100 feet;
• on slopes greater than 10 percent, a square grid not wider than 100 feet will be used;
however in any case, a line of survey points at the crest, midpoint, and toe of the slope
will be taken; and
• a line of survey points no farther apart than 100 feet will be taken along any slope break
(this will include the inside edge and outside edge of any bench on a slope).
4.7 Thickness Measurements
The CQC surveyor, as a representative of the Contractor, shall obtain top and bottom elevations
of the low permeability soil cap and and topsoil layer at a maximum 100-foot grid points and at
all grade break lines. The procedure for obtaining top and bottom elevations shall be agreed to
by the CQA Consultant and Engineer prior to construction. The CQC surveyor shall review the
survey information with the Contractor to ensure that the survey demonstrates compliance with
the project technical specifications. The Contractor is responsible for identifying and reporting to
the CQA Consultant any areas of non-compliance evidenced by the survey, and for repairing
such areas. The CQA Consultant and Contractor shall review the thickness measurements of
the low permeability soil cap component prior to placement of the topsoil layer.
4.8 Tolerances
Except for soil cap components where no minus tolerances are acceptable, following is the
maximum tolerance for survey points:
• on surfaces, the maximum tolerances shall be 0.2 foot. This tolerance must be set to the
record elevation of the surface below it and not the design elevation.
4.9 Documentation
All field survey notes will be retained by the senior surveyor. The results from the field surveys
will be documented on a set of Survey Record (As-Built) Drawings by the Contractor for
submittal to the CQA Consultant. The Contractor shall certify to the CQA Consultant and
Engineer that the results of the survey demonstrates compliance with the Contract Documents.
These drawings shall, at a minimum, show the final elevations and locations of all surfaces and
appurtenances surveyed in Subsection 4.5 of this Plan.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Construction Quality Assurance Documentation
5.0 Construction Quality Assurance
Documentation
5.1 Documentation
An effective Plan depends largely on recognition of all construction activities that should be
monitored and on assigning responsibilities for the monitoring of each activity. This is most
effectively accomplished and verified by the documentation of QA activities. The CQA
Consultant will document that all QA requirements have been addressed and satisfied.
This Plan integrates the testing and inspection performed by the CQC Consultant in accordance
with the project specifications with the CQA overview and conformance testing performed by the
CQA Consultant, in accordance with this Plan.
The CQA Consultant will provide the Project Manager with the CQC Consultant's daily and
weekly reports including signed descriptive remarks, data sheets, and logs to verify that all CQC
monitoring activities have been carried out. The CQA Consultant will also provide the Project
Manager with a weekly report summarizing CQA activities and identifying potential QA
problems. The CQA Consultant will also maintain, at the job site, a complete file of plans,
reports, project specifications, a CQA Plan, checklists, test procedures, daily logs, and other
pertinent documents.
5.2 Recordkeeping
The CQC Consultant's reporting procedures will include preparation of a daily report which, at a
minimum, will consist of: a) field notes, including memoranda of meetings and/or discussions
with the Contractor; b) observation logs and testing data sheets; and c) construction problem
and solution data sheets. The daily report must be completed at the end of each CQC
Consultant's shift, prior to leaving the site. This information will be submitted weekly to the CQA
Consultant for review.
The CQC Consultant's weekly reports must summarize the major events that occurred during
that week. Critical problems that occur shall be communicated verbally to the Project Manager
or CQA Consultant immediately, as well as being included in the weekly reports. The CQC
Consultant's weekly report must be submitted to the CQA Consultant no later than the Monday
following the week reported.
The CQA Consultant's weekly report must summarize the CQC Consultant's weekly and daily
reports, CQA conformance testing activities, construction problems that occurred, and the
resolution of construction problems. The CQA Consultant's weekly report should identify all
potential or actual compliance problems outstanding. The CQA Consultant's weekly report must
be submitted to the Project Manager on the Wednesday following the week reported.
5.2.1 Memorandum of Discussion with CQC Consultant
A report will be prepared summarizing each discussion between the CQA Consultant. At a
minimum, the report will include the following information:
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Construction Quality Assurance Documentation
• date, project name, location, and other identification;
• name of parties to discussion at the time;
• relevant subject matter or issues;
• activities planned and schedule; and
• signature of the CQA Consultant.
5.2.2 CQA Observation Logs and Testing Data Sheets
CQA observation logs and conformance testing data sheets will be prepared by the CQA
Consultant on a weekly basis. At a minimum, these logs and data sheets will include the
following information:
• an identifying sheet number for cross-referencing and document control;
• date, project name, location, and other identification;
• a reduced-scale Site Plan showing all proposed work areas and test locations;
• descriptions and locations of ongoing construction;
• descriptions and specific locations of areas, or units, of work being tested and/or
observed and documented;
• locations where tests and samples were taken;
• a summary of test results;
• calibrations or recalibrations of test equipment, and actions taken as a result of
recalibration;
• off-site materials received, including quality verification documentation;
• decisions made regarding acceptance of units of work, and/or corrective actions to be
taken in instances of substandard quality; and
• the CQA Consultant's signature.
5.2.3 CQA Construction Problem and Solution Data Sheets
CQA sheets describing special construction situations will be cross-referenced with specific
CQA observation logs and testing data sheets, and must include the following information,
where available:
• an identifying sheet number for cross-referencing and document control;
• a detailed description of the situation or deficiency;
• the location and probable cause of the situation or deficiency;
• how and when the situation or deficiency was found or located;
• documentation of the response to the situation or deficiency;
• final results of any responses;
• any measures taken to prevent a similar situation from occurring in the future; and
• the signatures of the CQA Consultant the Project Manager, indicating concurrence, if
required by this Plan.
5.3 CQA Photographic Reporting Data Sheets
Photographic reporting data sheets, where used, will be cross-referenced with CQA observation
logs and testing data sheets and/or CQA construction problem and solution data sheets.
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Construction Quality Assurance Documentation
Photographs shall be taken at regular intervals during the construction process and in all areas
deemed critical.
These photographs will serve as a pictorial record of work progress, problems, and mitigation
activities. The basic file will contain color prints; digital copies will be stored in a separate file in
chronological order. These records will be presented to the Project Manager upon completion of
the project.
In lieu of photographic documentation, videotaping may be used to record work progress,
problems, and mitigation activities. The Project Manager may require that a portion of the
documentation be recorded by photographic means in conjunction with videotaping.
5.4 Design and/or Project Technical Specification Changes
Design and/or project specification changes may be required during construction. In such cases,
the CQA Consultant will notify the Project Manager and the Engineer. The Project Manager will
then notify the appropriate agency, if necessary.
Design and/or project specification changes will be made only with the written agreement of the
Project Manager and the Engineer, and will take the form of an addendum to the project
specifications. All design changes shall include a detail (if necessary) and state which detail it
replaces in the plans.
5.5 CQA Progress Reports
The CQA Consultant will prepare a summary progress report each week, or at time intervals
established at the pre-construction meeting. As a minimum, this report will include the following
information;
• a unique identifying sheet number for cross-referencing and document control;
• the date, project name, location, and other information;
• a summary of work activities during progress reporting period;
• a summary of construction situations, deficiencies, and/or defects occurring during the
progress reporting period; and
• summary of all test results, failures and retests, and signature of the CQA Consultant.
5.6 Signature and Final Report
At the completion of each major construction activity at the Landfill, the CQA Consultant will
certify all required forms, observation logs, field and laboratory testing data sheets including
sample location plans, construction problems, and solution data sheets. The CQA Consultant
will also provide a final report, which will certify that the work has been performed in compliance
with the plans and project technical specifications, and that the supporting documents provide
the necessary information.
The CQA Consultant will also provide summaries of all the data listed above with the report. The
Record Drawings will include scale drawings depicting the location of the construction and
details pertaining to the extent of construction (e.g., depths, plan dimensions, elevations, soil
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City of Greensboro | CQA Plan
Construction Quality Assurance Documentation
component thicknesses, etc.). All surveying and base maps required for development of the
Record Drawings will be done by the Construction surveyor. These documents will be certified
by the Contractor and CQC Consultant and delivered to the CQA Consultant and included as
part of the CQA documentation (Certification) report.
It may be necessary to prepare interim certifications, as allowed by the regulatory agency to
expedite completion and review.
5.7 Storage of Records
All handwritten data sheet originals, especially those containing signatures, will be stored by the
Project Manager in a safe repository on site. Other reports may be stored by any standard
method which will allow for easy access. All written documents will become property of the
Owner.
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City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill

Appendix F - Closure/Post-Closure Plans

F
Appendix F - Closure/Post-
Closure Plans

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Closure/Post-
Closure Plan
City of Greensboro
2016 Phase II Permit Renewal
Greensboro, North Carolina
December 2016

City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Contents
Contents
Contents ...................................................................................................................................... i
1.0 Closure Plan .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Cap System Background ............................................................................................. 1
1.2 Cap System Design ..................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Final Contour Requirements ........................................................................................ 2
1.4 Cap System Material Requirements ............................................................................. 2
1.5 Erosion Control Measures ............................................................................................ 2
1.6 Settlement Subsidence and Displacement ................................................................... 2
1.7 Schedule for Closure ................................................................................................... 2
1.8 Notice of Closure and Date of Final Waste Acceptance ............................................... 3
1.9 Closure Verification ...................................................................................................... 3
1.10 Cost Estimate of Closure Activities .............................................................................. 3
2.0 Post-Closure Plan ........................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 Post-Closure Contact ................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Description of Use........................................................................................................ 4
2.4 Maintenance ................................................................................................................ 4
2.4.1 Repair of Security Control Devices ....................................................................... 4
2.4.2 Erosion Damage Repair ........................................................................................ 4
2.4.3 Correction of Settlement, Subsidence, and Displacement ..................................... 5
2.4.4 Repair of Run-On/Run-Off Control Structures ....................................................... 5
2.4.5 Groundwater Monitoring System ........................................................................... 5
2.5 Monitoring Plan ............................................................................................................ 5
2.5.1 Inspection Frequencies ......................................................................................... 5
2.5.2 Quarterly Inspections ............................................................................................ 6
2.5.3 Semiannual Inspections ........................................................................................ 6
2.6 Engineering Certification .............................................................................................. 6
2.7 Cost Estimate of Post Closure Care Activities .............................................................. 6

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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Contents
Tables
Table 1 Cap System Requirements ............................................................................................ 2
Table 2 Post Closure Inspection Frequencies ............................................................................ 5

Appendices
Appendix E1 – Closure/Post-Closure Cost Estimate

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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Closure Plan
1.0 Closure Plan
1.1 Cap System Background
This closure plan is in accordance with the State Solid Waste Management Rule 0.547(4) for
the White Street C&D Landfill. The final cap system, in accordance with Rule .1627(c)(1),
consists of an 18 inch infiltration layer overlain by a six inch erosion layer. The 65 acre C&DLF
footprint was permitted in 1997 on top of the closed unlined Phase II MSW landfill. The City
closed an 8 acre area of the cap which was approved by North Carolina Department of
Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) on February 17, 2014. A second closure of approximately 26
acres was performed and approved by NCDEQ on September 2, 2015. The remaining 31 acres
are currently being filled.
1.2 Cap System Design
Compacted soil liners will be incorporated in the cap system design to provide protection
throughout the 30-year post-closure period. The system will consist of two layers (bottom up):
the compacted soil liner and the erosion layer. The compacted soil liner forms a composite
barrier designed to reduce infiltration into the Landfill, thus minimizing leachate and the potential
for groundwater contamination. The erosion layer is designed to sustain vegetation and
minimize erosion.
The Landfill may use on- or off-site borrow material for the compacted soil layer and erosion
layer. The compacted soil liner will consist of no less than 18 inches of soil having permeability
less than or equal to soils underlying the landfill or no greater than 1.0 x 10-5 cm/sec, whichever
is less. In order to assure that the material meets the permeability criteria, the soil will be tested
prior to use and during placement. It is anticipated that the upper 12 inches of the intermediate
cover will be suitable for compaction and incorporation into the compacted soil layer.
Construction methods for the compacted soil liner shall be based upon the type and quality of
the borrow source and shall be verified in the field by constructing test pad(s). A professional
engineer shall certify that the compacted soil liner installation conforms with the plans approved
by NCDEQ Division of Waste Management.
The erosion layer will consist of no less than 6 inches of earthen material capable of sustaining
native plant growth. It is anticipated that this layer will consist of suitable on-site or off-site
borrow material.
The materials of the erosion layer will be selected considering soil type, nutrient levels, pH,
erodibility, sideslope drainage, and other factors. The vegetation will be selected based upon
the following characteristics.
• Species of grasses which are locally adapted and resistant to drought or temperature
extremes.
• Having roots which will not disrupt the compacted soil liner.
• Ability to thrive in low nutrient soil and develop a good stand to resist erosion.
• Survive and function with little or no maintenance.
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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Closure Plan
All cover material will be free of putrescible material, solid waste, vegetation (prior to
placement), rocks, construction debris, frozen soil, and other deleterious materials.
1.3 Final Contour Requirements
The final contour requirements for closure are shown on the Drawing C-02. These contours
represent the top of the intermediate cover layer.
The Landfill is designed to have minimum top slopes of five percent and side slopes of 4H:1V.
Final contours have been established to allow the Landfill’s surface water to drain off the final
cover while limiting erosion potential and maintaining post settlement slopes greater than five
percent. A system of sideslope diversion channels, slope drains, and perimeter channels are
designed to convey the runoff to one of seven adjacent sedimentation basins.
1.4 Cap System Material Requirements
Based on 18 inches of compacted soil liner placed over the areas that require final closure,
75,000 CY of compacted soil will be required for the first layer of the cap system. A minimum of
25,000 CY will be required for the erosion layer. The following table summarizes the cap
system requirements for White Street C&D Landfill.
Table 1 Cap System Requirements
Cap System Requirements
18-inch Compacted Soil Liner 75,000 CY
6-inch Erosion Layer 25,000 CY

1.5 Erosion Control Measures
Vegetation will be established once the final grades of the erosion layer are complete to prevent
erosion of the final cover. The sedimentation basins were designed to control the 24-hour 25-
year storm event.
1.6 Settlement Subsidence and Displacement
Landfill compaction methods, which include the use of compaction equipment to spread and
compact in layers, combined with an adequate number of passes over each layer of waste, will
be utilized to reduce voids and minimize differential settlement. Proper placement of weekly,
intermediate, and final cover will reduce the moisture content of the waste prior to site closure
and further reduce settlement. Final slopes of the landfill have been developed to allow for this
anticipated subsidence so that long-term positive drainage of the fill will not be hindered.
1.7 Schedule for Closure
According to Rule .0543(c)(5), closure is required to begin either 30 days after the final known
receipt of waste, 30 days after a 10 acre area or greater is within 15 feet of final design grades
or within a year of the most recent receipt of waste. The City of Greensboro will request an
extension from the NCDEQ Division of Waste Management to begin closure activities no later
than 30 days after the known final receipt of waste in accordance with Rule .0543(c)(5).
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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Closure Plan
Closure activities will be completed within 180 days of the start of closure unless an extension
has been requested and received in accordance with Rule .0543(c)(6).
1.8 Notice of Closure and Date of Final Waste Acceptance
A sign indicating the anticipated date of closure and the date of final waste acceptance will be
conspicuously posted at the facility at least 30 days in advance. Prior to beginning closure of
the unit or portions thereof, the NCDEQ Department of Solid Waste Management will be notified
that a notice of intent to close has been placed in the operating record.
1.9 Closure Verification
The following procedures will be implemented following closure.
• A Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) report shall be submitted to the NCDEQ
Division of Solid Waste Management. This CQA report shall describe the
observations and tests used before, during, and upon completion of construction to
ensure that the construction materials meet the cap design specifications and the
construction and certification requirements. The CQA report shall contain as-built
drawings.
• A signed certification from an independent registered professional engineer verifying
that closure has been completed in accordance with the closure plan will be
submitted to the NCDEQ Division of Waste Management and a copy will be placed in
the operating record.
• Within 90 days, a survey plat prepared by a professional land surveyor registered by
the State, indicating the location and dimensions of landfill disposal areas, will be
recorded in the RMC office.
• A notation shall be recorded on the deed notifying any potential purchaser of the
property that the land has been used as a solid waste management unit and that
future use is restricted under Paragraph (8) of Rule .0543(c). A copy of the deed
notation as recorded shall be filed with the operating record.
1.10 Cost Estimate of Closure Activities
The cost estimate of closure activities is provided in Appendix E1. The estimate is in 2016
dollars and will be updated in the next financial assurance cycle. The cost estimate is subject to
change prior to the closure of the landfill and as the closure design is finalized.

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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Post-Closure Plan
2.0 Post-Closure Plan
2.1 Introduction
This Post-Closure Plan has been developed to outline steps to be taken to ensure the
environmental soundness of the Landfill during its post-closure care period. The post-closure
care period will last at least 30 years after closure completion and at a minimum will consist of
the following.
• Maintaining integrity and effectiveness of final cover system.
• Performing groundwater and surface water monitoring.
• Maintaining and operating a gas monitoring system.
• Maintaining run-on/run-off controls.
No wastes will remain exposed after closure of the unit. Access to the closed site by the public
will be restricted. Any proposed use will be evaluated to determine its potential for posing a
significant health hazard.
2.2 Post-Closure Contact
All correspondence and questions concerning the post-closure care of the unit should be
directed to:
Solid Waste Disposal Manager
[phone]
2503 White Street
Greensboro, NC 27405
2.3 Description of Use
After the unit is officially closed in accordance with the Closure Plan, the area will be allowed to
return to a natural vegetative state. The City will maintain control of the property and prevent
public access to it during the post-closure period.
There will be an access road on the cap to allow proper maintenance during post-closure. Final
location of the access will be determined as a part of operations and Closure Plan.
2.4 Maintenance
2.4.1 Repair of Security Control Devices
All security control devices will be inspected and maintained as necessary to ensure access to
the site is controlled. Locks, vehicular gates, and fencing will be replaced if functioning
improperly. Warning signs will be kept legible at all times and will be replaced if damaged by
inclement weather or vandalism.
2.4.2 Erosion Damage Repair
If erosion of the final cover occurs during post-closure, the affected area will be repaired and re-
seeded as necessary. Excessive slopes will be flattened if possible by adding clean fill material.
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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Post-Closure Plan
If necessary, erosion control fabrics will be used to expedite rapid revegetation of slopes and to
secure topsoil in place. Rough surfaces, which cause isolated erosion areas will be smooth and
re-seeded as necessary.
2.4.3 Correction of Settlement, Subsidence, and Displacement
Minimum slopes of five percent will be maintained in order to prevent ponding and allow for
proper drainage without infiltration. If vertical or horizontal displacement occurs due to
differential settlement, cracks will be filled with appropriate material and final cover will be
reestablished.
2.4.4 Repair of Run-On/Run-Off Control Structures
All side slope terraces, ditches, and perimeter channels will be repaired, cleaned or realigned in
order to maintain original condition. Any culverts that are damaged will be replaced.
2.4.5 Groundwater Monitoring System
Groundwater wells will be inspected regularly (at the time of sampling) to ensure integrity.
Persons inspecting a well should look for signs of well tampering, cracking or degradation, and
determine whether the well needs to be replaced. If the decision is made to replace and
abandon a well, the replacement well should be installed 5 to 10 feet from the abandoned well
in accordance with previous well specifications. Well abandonment should be accomplished by
pulling the casing out and grouting the hole.
2.5 Monitoring Plan
The closed unit shall be monitored for 30 years. A series of inspections shall be scheduled to
ensure the integrity and effectiveness of the cap system, storm water control system,
groundwater monitoring system, gas collection system, and to protect human health and the
environment.
2.5.1 Inspection Frequencies
Inspections to be conducted during the post-closure care period will occur regularly as follows:
Table 2 Post Closure Inspection Frequencies
Post-Closure Inspection Frequencies
Inspection Activity Years 1-3 Years 4-30
Security Control Devices Quarterly Quarterly
Cover Drainage System Functioning Quarterly Semiannually
Groundwater Monitoring System Semiannually Semiannually
Erosion Damage Quarterly Semiannually
Cover Settlement, Subsidence, and
Displacement
Quarterly Semiannually
Vegetative Cover Condition Quarterly Semiannually
Stormwater Control System Quarterly Semiannually
Benchmark Integrity Annually Annually

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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Post-Closure Plan
2.5.2 Quarterly Inspections
Quarterly inspections of the closed site will include examination of the security control devices
for signs of deterioration or vandalism to ensure access to the site is limited to authorized
persons.
2.5.3 Semiannual Inspections
Semiannual inspections of the site during the post-closure period will be conducted by the
Owner or Owner’s representative with attention paid to the integrity of the final cover system.
This includes inspection for erosion damage, a good stand of vegetative cover, and cover
settlement, subsidence, and displacement. Drainage ditches will be cleared of litter and debris,
benchmark integrity will be noted and maintained as well as the integrity of the groundwater and
gas monitoring systems.
Groundwater monitoring will continue on a regular basis throughout the post-closure care
period. The parameters chosen for analysis will be no less than the requirements of regulatory
agencies. Groundwater monitoring wells will be inspected in accordance with the post-closure
inspection protocol. A report of findings will be made to the responsible party via the Post-
Closure Inspection Checklist, including any recommendations for actions necessary to ensure
the site continues to meet the closure performance standard. The engineer will also receive
copies of the quarterly inspection reports and respond to any comments that demand immediate
attention.
2.6 Engineering Certification
Based on the monitoring reports and semiannual site visits, annual certifications by the owner or
owner’s representative will be placed in the operating record. They will certify that the post
closure plan is being followed, noting discrepancies along with the corrective actions
undertaken. At the end of the post-closure period, the individual certifications will be compiled
into a final document and forwarded to NCDEQ.
2.7 Cost Estimate of Post Closure Care Activities
The cost estimate of post-closure care activities is provided in Appendix E1. The estimate is in
2016 dollars and will be updated in the next financial assurance cycle.

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City of Greensboro | Closure/Post-Closure Plan
Appendix F1 – Closure/Post-Closure Cost Estimate
F1
Appendix F1 – Closure/Post-
Closure Cost Estimate
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City of Greensboro | White Street Construction and Demolition Landfill

Appendix G - Drawings

G
Appendix G - Drawings

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