HomeMy WebLinkAbout7304_UpperPiedmontresponse_DIN27017_20161004
October 4, 2016
Ms. Betty A. Blalock
144 Tirzah Ridge
Rougemont, NC 27572
Re: Upper Piedmont Regional Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, 7304-MSWLF-1997
Dear Ms. Blalock,
The Division of Waste Management (division) received your letter on September 21, 2016. We thank
you for your long term interest in this facility. Landfills are a necessary component of the public
infrastructure and needed for a healthy economy and economic growth. The decision to host a landfill is
one made on the local county level. At the state level the rules and statutes are implemented and are
protective of public health and the environment.
Landfills and their respective sites are extensively investigated to ensure a thorough knowledge of the
location of and flow of groundwater so the site can be properly monitored and of other aspects such as
cultural resources to ensure that any sites might be properly handled. There is no indication that the
landfill has contaminated any groundwater off site, that contaminated water has entered state’s surface
water and the facility is in general designed and run properly, in accordance with rules.
The division is understanding of the publics concerns and questions about waste handling facilities and
does its best to ensure that they are protective of the public health and the environment. There is
nothing in the history of this facility that raises to a level where we could rescind or deny a permit to
them.
On August 4, 2011, the division issued Solid Waste Permit No. 73-04, Part 1: Permit to Construct to
Republic Services of North Carolina, LLC. The division determined that the proposed facility plan,
engineering plan, construction quality assurance plan, operation plan, closure and post-closure plan, and
monitoring plans, as identified in the application, satisfied the requirements and intent of the North
Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules as codified in 15A NCAC 13B .1600.
Many of the comments in your letter received September 21, 2016 were previously addressed in the
FACT SHEET AND FINAL PERMIT DECISION SOLID WASTE PERMIT NUMBER: 7304-MSWLF-1997, which is
attached to this letter or can be viewed on our Documents Webpage
(https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules-data/e-documents)
by searching on Document Identification Number: 14636.
Mrs. Blalock
October 4, 2016
Page 2
PAT MCCRORY
Governor DONALD R. VAN DER VAART
Secretary MICHAEL SCOTT
Director
State of North Carolina | Environmental Quality | Waste Management
1646 Mail Service Center | 217 West Jones Street | Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
919 707 8200 T
Mrs. Blalock
October 4, 2016
Page 2
Updates to groundwater and surface water questions follow:
• Iron and manganese have been reported above the 2B standard in both the upstream and
downstream surface water samples, so it is unclear if those concentrations can be attributed to
the landfill. Elevated concentrations of cadmium, chromium, iron, turbidity, and zinc in surface
water samples were evaluated in August 2007. Laboratory analytical results from a soil sample
indicated the natural occurrence of the constituents detected in the surface water samples.
• Thallium has been reported at a concentration equal to the 2L Standard in the background well
(GW-1R) on one occasion and above the 2L Standard in one downgradient well (GW-2) on one
occasion. To date, Thallium has not been reported on a consistent basis with increasing
concentrations in any monitoring well.
• Monitor Well GW-1 was the only well with a consistent history of being dry, and it was replaced
by a deeper well (GW-1R) in 2010. GW-1R has never been dry since its installation.
• Arsenic has never been reported at a concentration exceeding the 2L Standard in any of the wells
associated with the groundwater compliance monitoring network. The Section does not have any
laboratory analytical data related to potable wells near the facility.
In addition to the questions and comments which were addressed in the 2011 Fact Sheet and Final Permit
Decision there were a number of questions regarding cancer in the populations surrounding the landfill.
Please find attached a letter dated May 2016 from Gary Leung, PhD., N.C. Department of Health and
Human Services, Statistician, North Carolina Central Cancer Registry, Division of Public Health which
examines this issue.
Sincerely,
Ellen B. Lorscheider
Solid Waste Section Chief
Attachments (3)
ec: Mr. Michael Scott, Director
Mr. Edward Mussler, Engineering Supervisor
1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646
Phone: 919-508-8400 \ FAX: 919-715-4061 \ Internet: www.wastenotnc.org
An Equal Opportunity \ Affirmative Action Employer
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
Beverly Eaves Perdue Dexter R. Matthews Dee Freeman
Governor Director Secretary
FACT SHEET AND FINAL PERMIT DECISION
SOLID WASTE PERMIT NUMBER: 7304-MSWLF-1997
Doc Id No: 14636
FACILITY: Upper Piedmont Regional Landfill
COUNTY: Person
CITY: 9650 Oxford Road
Rougemont, North Carolina 27572
OWNER / Republic Services of North Carolina LLC, a
OPERATOR: wholly owned subsidiary of Republic Services, Inc.
d/b/a Upper Piedmont Regional Landfill
NOTIFICATION OF FINAL PERMIT ACTION
On August 4, 2011, the Division of Waste Management (Division) issued Solid Waste Permit
No. 73-04, Part 1: Permit to Construct to Republic Services of North Carolina, LLC. The
Division has determined that the proposed facility plan, engineering plan, construction quality
assurance plan, operation plan, closure and post-closure plan, and monitoring plans, as identified
in the application, satisfies the requirements and intent of the North Carolina Solid Waste
Management Rules as codified in 15A NCAC 13B .1600. The permit expires on August 4, 2016.
DESCRIPTION
In accordance with the Solid Waste Management Rules, specifically Rule 15A NCAC 13B
.1603(a)(1)(B), the proposed expansion of an existing municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF)
facility’s unit boundary requires a new facility permit. This permit reflects the request by Republic
Services of North Carolina, LLC to expand the total landfill area from approximately 69.52 acres to
109.05 acres of disposal area, and expand to a total gross capacity of approximately 17,400,000 cubic
yards from approximately 8,500,000 cubic yards. The proposed facility boundary, including buffer
areas will not change from the currently approved 479.69 acres permitted and identified in the permit
to construct application. This permit does not authorize changes to the service area, daily volume
limit (tons per day) or characteristics of waste stream established in the previous permit.
The Upper Piedmont Regional Landfill is owned and operated by Republic Services of North
Carolina, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Republic Services, Inc and under a franchise from
Person County. The facility is accessed via NC State Highway 158, East of Roxboro, North Carolina.
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The Division has determined that the facility plan, engineering plan, construction quality assurance
plan, operation plan, closure and post-closure plan, and the water quality monitoring plan, as
identified in the application, satisfy the requirements and intent of the North Carolina Solid Waste
Management Rules, codified as 15A NCAC 13B .1600.
PUBLIC HEARING
A public hearing was held on December 13, 2010 at 6:30 PM. The hearing was held at the Person
County Office Building located at 304 South Morgan Street, Roxboro NC 27573. Interested
parties submitted oral or written statements and data concerning the proposed new facility
permit. A tape recording of the hearing was made.
PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD
North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules require that the public be given an opportunity to
comment on a draft permit for a municipal solid waste management facility. This 45-day
comment period began on November 17, 2010 and ended on January 3, 2011 at 5:00 PM. The
draft permit was available for review by appointment from 9 AM to 4 PM, Monday-Friday, at the
Mooresville Regional Office.
The administrative record including the application, fact sheet, and permit were/are available
online at http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw. Persons who had wished to comment on either
this permit or the proposed permit conditions or to object to the permit issuance could have
submitted their comments in writing by January 3, 2011 at 5:00 PM.
RESPONSE TO COMMENTS
Upper Piedmont Regional Landfill, Person County, Permit #73-04.
Summary of comments made at public hearing and submitted by mail during public
comment period and responses to those comments.
Comment No.1: Comment that the application does not consider viable alternatives to the
proposed new landfill area. Comment from speaker stating that jurisdictional wetlands will be
impacted and that US Army Corps of Engineers Notification of Jurisdictional Determination
(wetland delineation) is expired. Comment that there is no valid 401 certification. Comment that
nationwide Permit No. 26 is expired. Comment that there have been no biotic studies to
determine impact on an endangered species of mussels. Comment that there is no monitoring or
testing done to determine impact to water quality. Comment that Senate Bill 1492 passed in
2007 imposes additional health and safety considerations.
Response:
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) does not choose the site
for proposed municipal solid waste landfill facilities (MSWLFs). The location is subject to
approval from the unit of local government having jurisdiction over the property. DENR
ensures that the proposed solid waste activity meets the Solid Waste Rules and is protective
of public health and the environment The Division of Waste Management does not
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consider alternate sites. That is the responsibility of local governments having jurisdiction
over the property.
The Upper Piedmont Regional landfill was originally permitted in 1996 on a 479.69 acre
tract of land in Person County. The currently proposed expansion of this facility is within
the previously approved and permitted boundaries of this 479.69 acre tract of land. No
new property has been added to the permit. At the time the original permit was submitted,
the applicant thoroughly evaluated the property for jurisdictional wetlands, jurisdictional
waters of the U.S. and Threatened and Endangered Species. These evaluations covering
the entire property were used for the original permit application and they remain valid for
this tract of property and for the Conceptual Facility Plan made part of the current
application.
Environmental Services Inc. (ESI) completed a wetland and stream delineation in
December 2000 and the US Army Corps of Engineers reviewed the delineation and
approved the conclusions. Several drainage features were identified and determined to be
exempt from the Tar-Pamlico Buffer Rules due to lack of diagnostic features. Three pond
features were identified and not claimed as jurisdictional by the US Army COE.
The extent of wetlands were determined by professionals competent and trained in such
activities. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers concurred with the delineation. Wetlands
are incorporated into the minimum 300-feet buffer established along the landfill property
boundary, and a 50-foot buffer was established in the previous permit between the existing
and proposed waste disposal areas and known streams, rivers, lake, pond, or other water of
the state as defined in G.S. 143-212. These evaluations covering the entire property were
used for the original permit application and remain valid for this tract of property and the
Conceptual Facility Plan submitted as part of the current application. The documents
submitted in 1996 as part of the original application do not relieve the facility owner from
complying with all applicable federal and state laws, including those associated with
wetlands, waters of the U.S. or threatened and endangered species. A permit condition
has been written into the existing draft permit requiring the permittee to obtain all permits
and approvals necessary for the development of this project including approval from
appropriate agencies.
Prior to any further designs for land disturbances beyond those in the original 1996
Conceptual Facility Plan, the applicant will be required to update or obtain any applicable
federal and state permits for these areas. These approvals are typically obtained in
conjunction with five-year permit renewals associated with Permits to Construct for the
next five year phase of the solid waste facility. Consequently, as construction of the next
phase is several years away, a wetlands delineation will be conducted closer to the
timeframe of proposed construction. At that time, if wetlands are defined in the area of
proposed landfill construction, measures will be implemented to ensure applicable buffers
are in place to protect the wetlands or appropriate offsets are obtained. Therefore, the
landfill facility meets the landfill siting requirements in Rule 15A NCAC 13B
.1622(3)(a)(b).
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The facility conducts semi-annual groundwater monitoring and surface water sampling in
accordance with an approved Water Quality Monitoring Plan. A network of groundwater
monitoring wells and two surface water sampling points are designed to provide early
detection of any release, so the release could be remediated if necessary The network of
groundwater monitoring wells will be expanded with an increased number of monitoring
wells adjacent to the proposed landfill expansion to provide extensive coverage of the
groundwater in the vicinity of the landfill. If contamination occurs due to a verified
release, the facility operator is required to implement the assessment and/or corrective
action procedures contained in Solid Waste Rules .1634-.1637. The procedures include
notification of affected parties, determination of the nature and extent of the release,
extensive additional monitoring requirements, assessment of corrective measures and
remedies, taking actions that are protective of human health and the environment,
implementation of selected remedy, providing long-term financial assurance to provide
continuous funding of the corrective actions, and finally operation and maintenance of the
corrective action remedy until completion or otherwise approved as allowed under the
Rules.
Surface water sampling and monitoring has documented exceedances of cadmium,
chromium, iron, turbidity, and zinc in the upstream water samples. Iron, turbidity, and
zinc have exceeded 2B Standards in downstream surface water samples. The NC Solid
Waste Section sent a letter to Republic on February 16, 2011. The letter requested the
investigation of the surface water exceedances for Appendix I metals. Republic responded
to the request with a detailed analysis of historical surface water sampling results.
Historical data indicate that there has been one exceedance of cadmium and chromium for
the upstream sampling point but they were not detected above standards in the
downstream monitoring point. Since these constituents have not been detected above
standards in the downstream monitoring point, they appear to be unrelated to landfill
activities. Historically there have been exceedances of zinc in the upstream and
downstream monitoring points, but none since 2004. Since the concentrations in upstream
and downstream monitoring points were similar, the zinc appears to be unrelated to
landfill activities. There have also been exceedances for iron and turbidity, which are not
required parameters in the facility’s approved Water Quality Monitoring Plan. However
similar concentrations in upstream and downstream monitoring points indicate that they
are not related to landfill activities. The Solid Waste Section will monitor the sampling
results closely to ensure that the surface water sampling results meet applicable surface
water standards.
Senate Bill 1492 was passed in 2007 and is applicable for new facilities seeking permits to
construct and operate landfills in North Carolina. In instances where the requirements of
130 A 295 (6) are more stringent that existing rules it is not applicable to facilities which
had received a permit prior to June 2006.. This facility was originally permitted on 479.69
acres in Person County in 1996.
Comment No. 2: One person commented on airborne vectors, particularly bacterial spores and
mold spores, resulting from dust on landfill cells which are being built so high that they are
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subject to some rigorous buffeting by winds. Dust blows from that site and might spread through
several counties.
Response: When observed by the NC SWS personnel, dust from the landfill roadways
appears well controlled by sprinkling water from one of their ponds with the water truck.
Dust has not been observed leaving the facility property. The height of the landfill cells is
constructed in accordance with Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1620, ENGINEERING PLAN.
Comment No. 3 (2 speakers): All landfills will eventually leak allowing toxins to migrate into
aquifers and creeks. Wells around the landfill are polluted.
Response: The comment that all landfills will eventually leak is overly broad and without a
timeframe for reference. Further, to assume that “toxins” in whatever form they might be
will migrate to aquifers and wells presumes that water gets into and out of the lined
landfill. The landfills are constructed with the best available technology and are protective
of public health and the environment. When finished, the landfill will be capped with an
impervious cap to prevent rainwater infiltration, and monitored for thirty years. If no
water infiltrates the waste then no leaking can occur. The purpose of the permit is to
ensure the protection of the environment. It is the responsibility of the rules and the
permittee to ensure that permit compliance is maintained at all times, that all non-
compliance is reported immediately and all contamination is remedied as well. The
Division’s Solid Waste Compliance and Enforcement Branch is charged with regular
inspection of permitted facilities for compliance with all permit conditions, rules, and
regulations. The Compliance and Enforcement Branch also has the ability to enforce these
regulations with issuance of civil penalties as deemed necessary. The landfill has a liner
and leachate collection system to prevent groundwater contamination, as well as a 300-foot
buffer from the waste to the property line. A groundwater monitoring well network is in
place around the landfill and groundwater samples are collected semi-annually from these
wells to ensure that any potential contamination originating from the landfill does not
migrate off-site to adjacent properties and wells.
If wells around the landfill are “polluted” then an alternate source should be searched for.
The monitoring network indicates that there is no off site contamination from the landfill.
Comment No. 4 (8 speakers): The landfill is a burden to residents in the form of increased
traffic, noise from heavy equipment, litter, foul odors.
Response: The NC SWS enforcement and compliance staff has been called many times for
odor issues around the facility. They have never been able to detect any odors on any
adjacent properties. However, due to the numerous complaints, Republic has
implemented an Odor Control Management Plan (OCMP) designed to verify, identify,
resolve and document odor complaints received as a result of facility operations.
Notification of the OCMP was mailed to 45 residents living within one-quarter mile of the
landfill on January 31, 2011. The OCMP will work as follows: when an odor complaint is
received from one of the neighbors, representatives from Republic will meet with them,
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verify the odor and begin an investigation to identify the source of the odor. Once the
source is identified, measures will be taken to eliminate the odor. Follow-up will occur to
ensure the problem has been resolved. The process will be documented and kept as part of
the operating record. In the event that the odor cannot be verified, an inspector from the
Solid Waste Section will be contacted for assistance.
The cover on the landfill has been observed by Solid Waste Section representatives to be
adequate at all times for the deterrence of birds and other scavengers. Dogs have never
been observed at the landfill or on adjacent properties during numerous site visits by the
SWS enforcement and compliance staff. Traffic is regulated by the Department of
Transportation and the Highway Patrol.
With respect to the equipment sound and truck noise, NC Solid Waste Section staff have
been at the facility pre-opening (opens a 7:00 am) and after closing (4:30pm). In the
morning, they do start up some of the equipment prior to opening to allow the equipment
to warm up and to help in removing daily cover (either tarps or intermediate soil). NC
SWS (staff) once stood at the working face from opening at 7:00am to observe the first few
trucks and observe a waste screening by facility personnel. It was about 7:40when the first
truck came into the facility. The first few trucks were local collection trucks. The first
transfer trailers did not come into the facility until after 8:00am. The operator stated that
it was normally like this. Operations cease at approximately 5:00 pm, 30 minutes after the
facility stops accepting waste. The facility is approved for two types of alternate daily
cover (ADC) materials tarps and Posi-shell. They would allow for complete cover of the
waste in a short amount of time. When NC SWS personnel have been there to observe
closing and cover, the workers usually start applying daily cover around 4:00, to reduce the
size of the working face. Cover may even occur earlier in the day if it is being covered with
soil. By the time the last truck unloads at the working face, the face size is very small and
the waste is quickly spread and compacted. The smaller size of the exposed waste is then
sprayed with Posi-Shell and/or covered with the tarps. Cover with these alternative
materials does not take as long as spreading soil cover and it is reasonable to expect that
cover could be completed by 5:00 pm
The regulatory authority of the NC Division of Waste Management does not extend to
litter-related issues. However, residents are encouraged to contact the NC Department of
Transportation Swat-A-Litterbug Program to report littering incidents by either e-mail at:
http://www.ncdot.org/doh/Operations/dp_chief_eng/roadside/Beautification/Litterbug/salf
orm.html
or by calling the Customer Service Office at 1-877-DOT-4YOU (1-877-368-4968).
Comment No. 5: The landfill has an adverse impact on a low-income community and violates
Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Response: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub.L. 88-352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted July 2, 1964)
was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlawed major forms of
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discrimination against blacks and women, including racial segregation. It ended unequal
application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the
workplace and by facilities that served the general public ("public accommodations").
The comment does not appear to apply to the draft permit for landfill expansion. Further,
impacts have not been defined nor has the affected community been identified.
Comment No. 6: Two major feeder springs which formed Cub Creek have now been blocked by
Cell 2. Cells 7, 8, 9, 10 will be close to the third stream. Water from a spring is being
discharged by a pipe into a holding pond. Testing wells have not been active. Thallium was
found in groundwater. Water table is mounding underneath the cells. Fish kills have occurred in
an adjacent pond.
Response: Two perennial streams, as identified in the 1995 Site Hydrogeological Report,
converge with Cub Creek about 2.5 miles east of the site. From that location, Cub Creek
flows eastward approximately 0.75 miles to its confluence with the Tar River. To ensure
that the surface water quality of Cub Creek is not adversely impacted by the landfill
operation, the landfill conducts semi-annual detection monitoring in accordance with the
approved Water Quality Monitoring Plan.
Since 1997, the facility has only exceeded 2L Standards of Appendix I constituents twice.
Elevated iron and manganese concentrations were reported in Cub Creek surface water
samples collected by DWQ in 2007. At the request of DWQ, the NC SWS instructed the
facility to add iron and manganese to the parameter list and concentrations of both
constituents have exceeded the 2L Standards in upgradient and downgradient wells. The
consultant has concluded the exceedances are the result of natural occurrences. If water
quality samples test above 2L Standards, the Solid Waste Rules provide detailed
procedures for corrective action that is protective of human health and the environment
and would be implemented should monitoring results exceed the standards established by
the NC DENR Division of Water Quality for groundwater. Such response actions would
include sampling and testing of off-site groundwater wells.
Please see more detailed surface water monitoring information in the response to Comment
1.
Comment No. 7: Applicant has a history of violations in other landfills across the country.
Response: The landfill’s compliance history in North Carolina has been investigated in
accordance with the statute. Nothing in the report would indicate that the permit should
not be issued.
Comment No. 8: (2 speakers). Contaminated soil was brought in from Wake County. PCB-
contaminated soil from Ward Transformer site was disposed in Person County.
Response: Soil from the cleanup of the Ward Transformer site was sent to the landfill The
soil was tested and the levels of PCB were below the regulatory threshold of 50 ppb and
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thus was eligible for use at the landfill. According to the NC SWS Compliance and
Enforcement Branch, there is no record of the landfill accepting PCB-contaminated waste.
Comment No. 9 (3 speakers). Person County does not need to needlessly increase landfill
tonnage. Person County needs comprehensive and recycling programs so that we do not need
the landfill.
Response: The location of solid waste facilities is approved through issuance of a franchise
by the local government having jurisdiction over the site [NCGS 130A-294(b1)].
Documentation of the franchise award must be included in the application to the DWM for
a landfill permit. DWM reviewed and confirmed that the application and documentation
(i) complies with the franchise requirements, and (ii) complies with the location and siting
requirements found in the NC Solid Waste Section Rules. The draft permit does not
authorize changes to the daily volume limit (tons per day) established in the previous
permit.
Comment No. 10: Cub Creek tributary is a rare plant site containing the state’s only extant
population of the globally rare and federal species of concern, the Virginia quillwort. Cub Creek
aquatic habitat contains five rare mussel species.
Response: .1622(9) Water Supply Watersheds states that a new MSWLF unit or lateral
expansion shall not be located in the critical area of a water supply watershed or in the
watershed for a stream segment classified as WS-I. According to the NC Division of Water
Quality, the site is not located in the watershed of a stream segment classified as WS-1.
Creeks near the site (Cub Creek and its sources) have water quality designations of WS-IV
NSW (Nutrient Sensitive Waters). Counties and municipalities with land use jurisdiction
within water supply watersheds are required to implement ordinances that, at a minimum,
meet the state’s watershed management guidelines.
The proposed facility boundary, including buffer areas, will not change from the currently
approved 479.69 acres permitted and identified in the Permit to Construct application.
Comment No. 11: Person County needs comprehensive recycling programs so that we do not
need the landfill.
Response: Person County residents may pursue recycling programs and initiatives with
their county and/or city solid waste leaders.
Comment No. 12: (2 speakers). Formaldehyde-tainted soil has been used as daily cover.
Response: The landfill accepted soils this past summer for cover, some of these soils had
traces of formaldehyde. Republic did require testing of the material prior to accepting it
and compared the results to health/risk-based limits. The levels of formaldehyde were well
below these limits. After hearing about the formaldehyde from many complaint calls, the
NC Solid Waste Section inquired as to what the facility was accepting. Republic shared the
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testing results with the NC SWS. The levels were not considered hazardous and were
deemed acceptable to use as cover soil.
Comment No. 13: Several speakers commented on the destruction of a large family graveyard.
Response: A letter from the NC Department of Cultural Resources, State Historic
Preservation Office, stated that the landfill site “did not have sufficient density of
materials to contribute to understanding of prehistory and that the modern cemetery does
not have unusual features and contains a maximum of two graves which is insufficient for
any sort of meaningful physical anthropological study.” This letter may be found in the
Site Application and Facility Plan dated August 2003 and revised February 2004.