6403_Nash_RevisedApplic_20161024

Facility Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
and Horizontal Expansion

October 2016

1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
NC FIRM C-2910

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FACILITY PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

i

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 
2.0 WASTE STREAM ...................................................................................................... 1 
2.1 TYPES OF WASTE SPECIFIED FOR DISPOSAL ................................................ 1 
2.2 AVERAGE YEARLY DISPOSAL RATE ................................................................. 2 
2.3 AREA SERVED BY THE FACILITY ....................................................................... 2 
2.4 PROCEDURE FOR SEGREGATED MANAGEMENT AT DIFFERENT ON-
SITE FACILITIES .............................................................................................. 2 
2.4.1 YARD WASTE ................................................................................................ 2 
2.4.2 WHITE GOODS .............................................................................................. 3 
2.4.3 TIRES .............................................................................................................. 3 
2.5 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMETNS FOR OPERATION OF THE C&DLF UNIT ......... 3 
3.0 LANDFILL CAPACITY ............................................................................................... 3 
3.1 EXISTING PERMITTED 11.3-ACRE C&DLF ........................................................ 3 
3.2 PROPOSED 15.8-ACRE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION ......................................... 4 
4.0 SPECIAL ENGINEERING FEATURES ..................................................................... 5 
4.1 LEACHATE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ............................................................... 6 
4.2 CONTAINMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS ....................... 6 
4.3 BASE LINER SYSTEM .......................................................................................... 6 
4.4 OTHER DEVISED, COMPONENTS, AND STRUCTURES ................................... 6 

FACILITY PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 1 of 6

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this report is to present the Facility Plan for the proposed Nash County
Construction & Demolition Landfill (C&DLF) and Horizontal Expansion in accordance with
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0537.
Nash County satisfied the Local Government Approval requirements described in Rule
15A NCAC 13B .0536 Paragraph (c)(11) in late 2011. NCDENR issued concurrence that
the Local Government Approval process was satisfied on March 2, 2012.
Nash County owns and operates a 375 acre Solid Waste Management Facility (the
Facility) located approximately 1-mile west of the intersection of Taylor Store Road and
SR 1411 (Dukes Road) on the southern side and adjacent of SR 1411. The Facility is
comprised of two distinct facilities including includes the Closed MSWLF Landfill Facility
(permit 6401) and the C&DLF Facility (permit 6403) as shown on Sheet 1 of the Facility
Plan Drawings. The Closed MSW Landfill Facility Boundary (permit 6401) is 188.34
acres. The C&DLF Facility Boundary (permit 6403) is 186.76 acres.
The Solid Waste Management Facility provides numerous functions including, but not
limited to:
1) Construction and Demolition Landfill (C&DLF)
2) Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill (MSWLF)
3) Yard Waste Collection
4) White Goods Collection
5) Waste Tire Collection
6) Citizen Convenience Center
2.0 WASTE STREAM
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0537(e)(1) requires a description of the proposed waste stream to
be managed by the facility.
2.1 TYPES OF WASTE SPECIFIED FOR DISPOSAL
The C&DLF Facility will accept the following types of wastes for Disposal:
A. Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste: "C&D solid waste" means solid
waste generated solely from the construction, remodeling, repair, or demolition
operations on pavement and buildings or structures.
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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B. Inert Debris: “Inert Debris” is defined as solid waste which consists solely of
material that is virtually inert, such as brick, concrete, rock, and clean soil. For
the Nash County C&DLF, this term also includes wood pallets.
C. Asphalt: In accordance with G.S. 130-294(m).
D. Non Friable Asbestos: In accordance with 40 CFR 61.
E. Land Clearing Debris: As defined in G.S. 130A-290, specifically solid waste
which is generated solely from land-clearing activities, such as stumps, trees,
etc.
C&D waste does not include municipal and industrial wastes that may be generated
by the on-going operations at buildings or structures.
2.2 AVERAGE YEARLY DISPOSAL RATE
The Facility received approximately 5,000 tons in fiscal year 2014, which represents
a reduction from recent annual tonnages reported. During the Local Government
Approval process, approximately 10,000 tons of C&D were reported disposed in 2010,
or approximately 27 tons per day. The FY14 tonnage is considered an isolated
reduction in annual incoming tonnage. It is projected that the waste disposed will
increase about 2.0% annually over the life of the facility.
2.3 AREA SERVED BY THE FACILITY
The Nash County C&D Facility will serve the unincorporated and incorporated areas
of Nash County which includes all or portions of municipalities of Bailey, Castalia,
Dortches, Middlesex, Momeyer, Nashville, Red Oak, Rocky Mount, Sharpsburg,
Spring Hope, and Whitakers.
2.4 PROCEDURE FOR SEGREGATED MANAGEMENT AT DIFFERENT ON-SITE
FACILITIES
2.4.1 YARD WASTE
Nash County collects yard waste in the areas indicated on Sheet 1 of the
Engineering Drawings. Yard waste is stockpiled until there is a sufficient amount
to hire a Contractor to grind the material. The ground material is used for various
purposes around the County.
The existing Yard Waste Stockpile Area will be relocated in the future to
accommodate the C&D landfill expansion. The relocated Yard Waste Stockpile
Area is indicated on Sheet 2 of the Engineering Drawings.
FACILITY PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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2.4.2 WHITE GOODS
Nash County collects White Goods in the area noted on Sheet 1 of the Engineering
Drawings. Units requiring refrigerant removal (refrigerators, freezers, and air
conditioning units) are segregated in the “refrigerant removal” section of the White
Goods area. These units will be unloaded and handled in a manner to prevent
damage to the appliance that may cause refrigerant leakage as described in the
County’s White Goods Management Plan. After removal of refrigerant, the White
Goods unit will be placed into the white goods pile. The County contracts with a
private White Goods recycling vendor to collect the White Goods for transport and
recycling.
2.4.3 TIRES
Nash County collects waste tires in trailers in the area noted on Sheet 1 of the
Facility Drawings. The County contracts with a private waste tire recycling vendor
for transport and recycling and/or disposal.
2.5 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMETNS FOR OPERATION OF THE C&DLF UNIT
The equipment is county-owned and includes the following, or comparable:
 1 – CAT 826C Compactor
 1 – KOBELCO Model SIL 250 LC Track Excavator
 1 – 613 CAT Scraper
 1 – 623 CAT Scraper
Other equipment may be purchased or rented on an as-needed basis.
3.0 LANDFILL CAPACITY
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0537(e)(2) requires an analysis of landfill capacity and soil
resources.
3.1 EXISTING PERMITTED 11.3-ACRE C&DLF
Nash County currently operates an 11.3-acre C&DLF Facility (Phase 1 - 3 C&DLF) as
shown on Sheet 1 of the Engineering Drawings, in accordance with permit No. 64-03
issued on April 20, 2005. The site was originally permitted in 2000 and the entire
permitted base grade footprint has been constructed and has received waste. All
remaining waste disposal capacity is accomplished by vertically expanding the current
footprint.
The 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF had approximately 138,000 cubic yards of
useable airspace (airspace below the final cover elevations) remaining as of June 18,
FACILITY PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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2014. This capacity was calculated by using Terramodel CADD software to compute
the volume between an aerial survey of the 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF completed
on June 18, 2014 and the proposed top of waste elevations.
The 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF has an Airspace Utilization Factor (AUF) of 745
lbs/CY (pounds of waste per cubic yard of airspace utilized) between January 1, 2000
and June 18, 2014. The AUF was computed by dividing the pounds of waste disposed
from scalehouse records by the airspace utilized by this waste as calculated by using
Terramodel CADD software to compute the volume between the base grade
elevations of the 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF and an aerial survey of Facility
complete on June 18, 2014.
Assuming the 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF will continue to operate at a 745 lbs/CY
AUF, the remaining 138,000 cubic yards of useable airspace will provide 51,395 tons
of waste disposal capacity. Assuming the County receives 10,000 tons of C&D in
2015 and assuming a 2% annual increase, the 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF is
expected to reach capacity in 2018.
3.2 PROPOSED 15.8-ACRE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF is shown on Sheet 1 of the Engineering Drawings. The proposed 15.8-acre
Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF is estimated to
provide an additional 1,620,500 cubic yards gross capacity (i.e. bottom of waste to the
top of final cover elevations), or about 1,543,876 cubic yards of net airspace (i.e.
bottom of waste to the top of waste elevations) beyond the previously permitted top of
waste elevations of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF (Phase 1 – 3).
Assuming the proposed 15.8-acre Nash County Horizontal Expansion will continue to
operate at a 745 lbs/CY AUF, the remaining 1,543,876 cubic yards net airspace will
provide 575,000 tons of waste disposal capacity. Based on the assumed 10,000 tons
of C&D to be disposed in 2015, and assuming a 2% annual increase, the combined
27.1-acre Nash County Construction & Demolition Landfill (C&DLF) and Horizontal
Expansion is expected to reach capacity in 2053.
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF is projected to be constructed and operated in nine (9) phases with individual
and cumulative capacities as shown on the Table 1 below.

FACILITY PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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Table 1 – Phase and Capacity Analysis
Phase
Phase
Area
(Ac)
Phase
Remaining
(as of 07/01/14)
Net Disposal
Capacity
(CY)
Phase
Permitted
Net Disposal
Capacity
(CY)
Phase
Permitted
Gross
Capacity
(CY)
Phase 1 – 3 11.3 130,000 731,000 785,692

Phase 4 3.7 133,356 133,356 151,071
Phase 5 2.1 96,541 96,541 106,464
Phase 6 4.6 190,101 190,101 212,511
Phase 7 2.1 88,839 88,839 98,906
Phase 8 1.8 95,290 95,290 103,809
Phase 9 1.7 939,746 939,746 947,781
Sub-total Phase 4 - 9 15.8 1,543,876 1,543,876 1,620,542

Total: Phase 1-9 27.1 1,673,876 2,274,876 2,406,234

3.3 SOIL QUANTITIES FOR THE PROPOSED 15.8-ACRE HORIZONTAL
EXPANSION
Subgrade construction for the 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion requires 262,817 cubic
yards excavation and 29,962 cubic yards backfill, resulting in 232,855 cubic yards
excess.
Daily cover operations for the 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion is anticipated to require
a 10:1 waste to cover ratio. Therefore, the 1,543,876 cubic yards net airspace is
anticipated to require 140,000 cubic yards daily cover soil.
The 3-foot thick final cover system for the 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion requires
76,296 cubic yards soil.
Therefore, Subgrade construction provides adequate soil for both daily cover
operations and final cover.
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NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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4.0 SPECIAL ENGINEERING FEATURES
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0537(e)(3) requires a discussion of Special Engineering Features
associated with the proposed facility.
4.1 LEACHATE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
No leachate management systems are constructed for current 11.3-acre C&DLF
Facility, nor will they be included in the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion.
4.2 CONTAINMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
The current Nash County 11.3-acre C&DLF Facility has 6 groundwater monitoring
wells sampled on a semi-annual basis.
The proposed Nash County 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion will require abandonment
and relocating of groundwater monitoring well MW-6. Additional groundwater
monitoring wells, designated MW-7 and MW-8, will be added per the Monitoring Plan.
4.3 BASE LINER SYSTEM
No base liner systems are constructed or proposed for the current 11.3-acre C&DLF
Facility. A base liner system is not included for the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal
Expansion.
4.4 OTHER DEVISED, COMPONENTS, AND STRUCTURES
The current Nash County 11.3-acre C&DLF facility has installed erosion and
sedimentation control devices in accordance with the approved Sediment and Erosion
Control Plan which collects stormwater from the C&DLF footprint and channels it to
sediment basins.
The proposed Nash County 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion requires the approved
Sediment and Erosion Control Plan to be modified, including additional sediment
control devices to direct all stormwater from the expanded C&DLF footprint to routed
sediment basins.

Engineering Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
and Horizontal Expansion

October 2016

1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
NC FIRM C-2910

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ENGINEERING PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

i

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
2.0 SUMMARY OF FACILITY DESIGN ........................................................................... 1
2.1 ANALYTICAL METHODS USED TO EVALUATE THE DESIGN .......................... 2
2.2 CRITICAL CONDITIONS EVALUATED AND ASSUMPTIONS MADE .................. 2
2.3 TECHNICAL REFERENCES ................................................................................. 2
2.4 LOCATION RESTRICTION DEMONSTRATIONS ................................................ 2
2.4.1 FLOODPLAIN LOCATION RESTRICTIONS ................................................... 2
2.4.2 WETLANDS LOCATION RESTRICTION ........................................................ 3
2.4.3 UNSTABLE AREA LOCATION RESTRICTIONS. ........................................... 4
2.4.4 CULTURAL RESOURCES LOCATION RESTRICTIONS ............................... 4
2.4.5 STATE NATURE AND HISTORIC PRESERVE LOCATION
RESTRICTIONS ............................................................................................ 5
2.4.6 WATER SUPPLY WATERSHEDS LOCATION RESTRICTIONS ................... 5
2.4.7 ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES LOCATION
RESTRICTIONS ............................................................................................ 6
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES ........... 6
3.1 HORIZONTAL SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS. ................................................. 6
3.1.1 PROPERTY LINE BUFFER. ........................................................................... 6
3.1.2 OFFSITE RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES AND WELLS .................................. 7
3.1.3 SURFACE WATERS ....................................................................................... 7
3.1.4 EXISTING LANDFILL UNITS .......................................................................... 7
3.2 VERTICAL SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS ....................................................... 7
3.3 SURVEY CONTROL ............................................................................................. 8
3.4 LOCATION COORDINATES ................................................................................. 8
3.5 LANDFILL SUBGRADE ......................................................................................... 8
3.6 SPECIAL ENGINEERING STRUCTURES ............................................................ 9
3.7 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL ..................................................... 9
3.8 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) REPORT ............................... 9
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

ii
4.0 DESIGN HYDROGEOLOGIC REPORT .................................................................... 9
ATTACHMENTS
FEMA FIRM PANEL 3702782884J
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A – WETLAND DELINEATION
APPENDIX B – ENDANGERED SPECIES AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
EVALUATION
APPENDIX C – SETTLEMENT AND GLOBAL STABILITY CALCULATIONS

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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Nash County (County, Owner, or Operator) owns and operates the Nash County
Construction and Demolition Landfill Facility (C&DLF or Facility). The Owner’s contact
information is as follows:
Landfilll Site Nash County Health Department
3057 Duke Road PO Box 849
Nashville, N.C. 27856 Nashville, N.C. 27856
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
The purpose of this Engineering Plan is to provide information relative to the existing 11.3-
acre Nash County C&DLF and the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion. Rule 15A
NCAC 13B .0539(d) specifies that the Engineering Report contain:
(1) A summary of the facility design that includes:
(A) A discussion of the analytical methods used to evaluate the design;
(B) Definition of the critical conditions evaluated and assumptions made;
(C) A list of technical references used in the evaluation; and
(D) Completion of any applicable location restriction demonstrations in
accordance with Rule .0536.
(2) A description of the materials and construction practices that conforms to the
requirements set forth in Rule .0540.
(3) A Design Hydrogeologic Report prepared in accordance with Paragraph (b) of
Rule .0538 of this Section.
Each of these requirements is discussed below.
2.0 SUMMARY OF FACILITY DESIGN
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF is estimated to provide an additional 1,620,500 cubic yards gross capacity (i.e.
bottom of waste to the top of final cover elevations), or about 1,543,876 cubic yards of
net airspace (i.e. bottom of waste to the top of waste elevations) beyond the previously
permitted top of waste elevations of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF (Phase
1 – 3).. The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash
County C&DLF is projected to be constructed and operated in nine (9) phases as shown
on the Engineering Drawings.

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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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2.1 ANALYTICAL METHODS USED TO EVALUATE THE DESIGN
Analytical methods used to evaluate the design are indicated throughout the
application, as indicated.
2.2 CRITICAL CONDITIONS EVALUATED AND ASSUMPTIONS MADE
Critical conditions evaluated in the design include vertical and horizontal separation
of the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF, operability, stability, and other features described throughout the application.
Subgrade settlement is evaluated using the method described by Hough in
“Compressibility as a Basis for Soil Bearing Value,” 1969, ASCE.
Global stability of the filled proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing
11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF is evaluated using the Modified Bishop Method.
Calculations for settlement as wells global stability are included in Appendix C.
2.3 TECHNICAL REFERENCES
Technical references utilized in the design are indicated throughout this application.
2.4 LOCATION RESTRICTION DEMONSTRATIONS
New C&DLF unit(s) and lateral expansions must comply with the siting criteria set forth
in Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0536 (c), Subparagraphs (4) through (10).
2.4.1 FLOODPLAIN LOCATION RESTRICTIONS
C&DLF units or constructed embankments used to construct a C&DLF unit must
not be located in a 100-year floodplain unless a variance for the facility has been
issued in accordance with G.S. 143-215.54A.
C&DLF units must not be located in floodplains unless the owners or operators
demonstrate that the unit will not restrict the flow of the flood, reduce the temporary
water storage capacity of the floodplain, or result in washout of solid waste so as
to pose a hazard to human health and the environment.
The proposed facility occurs on Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) panel 3702782884J. The proposed landfill area
is in Zone X –Areas determined to be outside the 0.2% annual chance floodplain.
Therefore, the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre
Nash County C&DLF unit is not located in a 100-year flood plain. A copy of the
appropriate FEMA FIRM panel is included on the following page.
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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2.4.2 WETLANDS LOCATION RESTRICTION
New C&DLF units and lateral expansions must not be located in wetlands, unless
the owner or operator can make the following demonstrations to the Division:
(A) Where applicable under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act or applicable
State wetlands laws, the presumption that a practicable alternative to the
proposed landfill facility is available which does not involve wetlands is
clearly rebutted.
(B) The construction and operation of the C&DLF unit(s) will not cause or
contribute to violations of any applicable State water quality standards and
will not violate any applicable toxic effluent standard or prohibition under
Section 307 of the Clean Water Act.
(C) The construction and operation of the C&DLF unit(s) will not jeopardize the
continued existence of endangered or threatened species or result in the
destruction or adverse modification of a critical habitat, protected under the
Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973. The construction and operation
of the C&DLF unit(s) will not violate any requirement under the Marine
Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 for the protection of a
marine sanctuary.
(D) The construction and operation of the C&DLF unit(s) will not cause or
contribute to significant degradation of wetlands.
(E) The owner or operator must demonstrate the integrity of the C&DLF unit(s)
and its ability to protect ecological resources by addressing the following
factors: (1) erosion, stability, and migration potential of native wetland soils,
muds and deposits used to support the C&DLF unit; (2) erosion, stability,
and migration potential of dredged and fill materials used to support the
C&DLF unit; the volume and chemical nature of the waste managed in the
C&DLF unit; (3) impacts on fish, wildlife, and other aquatic resources and
their habitat from release of the solid waste; (4) the potential effects of
catastrophic release of waste to the wetland and the resulting impacts on
the environment; and (5) any additional factors, as necessary, to
demonstrate that ecological resources in the wetland are sufficiently
protected to the extent required under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
or applicable State wetlands laws.
(F) The owner or operator must demonstrate that steps have been taken to
attempt to achieve no net loss of wetlands (as defined by acreage and
function) by first avoiding impacts to wetlands to the maximum extent
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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practicable as required by Part (c)(5)(A) – (D) of this Rule, then minimizing
unavoidable impacts to the maximum extent practicable, and finally
offsetting remaining unavoidable wetland impacts through all appropriate
and practicable compensatory mitigation actions (e.g., restoration of
existing degraded wetlands or creation of man-made wetlands).
(G) The owner or operator must also demonstrate that sufficient information is
available to make a reasonable determination with respect to each of the
demonstrations required by this Rule.
(H) For purposes of this Rule, wetlands means those areas that are defined in
40 CFR 232.2(r).
Documentation of the wetland delineation performed for the proposed expansion
is included in Appendix A. The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the
existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF does not impact delineated wetlands or
associated buffers. Thus, the proposed site has met the requirements of Rule
.0536(c)(5).
2.4.3 UNSTABLE AREA LOCATION RESTRICTIONS.
Owners and operators of new C&DLF unit(s) and lateral expansions proposed for
location in an unstable area must demonstrate that engineering measures have
been incorporated in the C&DLF unit's design to ensure that the integrity of any
structural components of the C&DLF unit will not be disrupted. The owner and
operator must consider the following factors, at a minimum, when determining
whether an area is unstable:
(A) On-site or local soil conditions that may result in significant differential
settling;
(B) On-site or local geologic or geomorphologic features; and
(C) On-site or local human-made features or events (both surface and
subsurface)
No conditions have been identified at the site that would cause the facility to be
unstable.
2.4.4 CULTURAL RESOURCES LOCATION RESTRICTIONS
A new C&DLF unit or lateral expansion must not damage or destroy a property of
archaeological or historical significance which has been listed or determined
eligible for a listing in the National Register of Historic Places. To aid in making a
determination as to whether the property is of archeological or historical
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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significance, the State's Historic Preservation Office in the Department of Cultural
Resources may request the owner and operator to perform a site-specific survey
which must be included in the Site Study.
The North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources was contacted to identify
any archaeological or historical properties which may be damaged or destroyed
due to the construction and demolition landfill. Correspondence from the
Department of Cultural Resources indicated that no properties of architectural,
historic, or archaeological significance would be affected by the project. Thus, the
proposed site has met the requirements of Rule .0536(c)(7). Department of
Cultural Resources correspondence is located in Appendix B.
2.4.5 STATE NATURE AND HISTORIC PRESERVE LOCATION
RESTRICTIONS
A new C&DLF unit or lateral expansion must not have an adverse impact,
considering the purposes for designation of the Preserve lands and the location,
access, size and operation of the landfill, on any lands included in the State Nature
and Historic Preserve.
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash
County C&DLF will not have an adverse impact on State Nature and Historic
Preservation areas.
2.4.6 WATER SUPPLY WATERSHEDS LOCATION RESTRICTIONS
(A) A new C&DLF unit or lateral expansion must not be located in the critical
area of a water supply watershed, or in the watershed for a stream segment
classified as WS-I, or in watersheds of other water bodies which indicate
that no new landfills are allowed in accordance with the rules codified at
15A NCAC 02B Section .0200 entitled "Classifications and Water Quality
Standards Applicable To Surface Waters Of North Carolina."
(B) Any new C&DLF unit or lateral expansion, which proposes to discharge
leachate to surface waters and must obtain a National Pollution Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) Permit from the Division of Environmental
Management pursuant to Section 402 of the United States Clean Water Act,
must not be located within watersheds classified as WS-II or WS-III, or in
watersheds of other water bodies which indicate that no new discharging
landfills are allowed, in accordance with the rules codified at 15A NCAC
02B Section .0200.
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash
County C&DLF ultimately drains to Pigbasket Creek, which is designated Class B.
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No special restrictions exist for Class B streams. The facility does not drain to a
stream designated WS-I, WS-II, or WS-III.
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash
County C&DLF is not located in the critical area of a water supply watershed, or in
the watershed for a stream segment classified as WS-I, or in watersheds of other
water bodies which indicate that no new landfills are allowed in accordance with
the rules codified at 15A NCAC 02B Section .0200.
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash
County C&DLF will not discharge leachate to surface water bodies, therefore an
NPDES permit will not be required.
2.4.7 ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES LOCATION
RESTRICTIONS
A new C&DLF unit or lateral expansion must not jeopardize the continued
existence of endangered or threatened species or result in the destruction or
adverse modification of a critical habitat, protected under the Federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973.
Carolina Ecosystems, Inc., performed an assessment of endangered and
threatened species at the facility. As documented in Appendix B, habitat for
federally threatened or endangered species under the protection of the
Endangered Species act is not present on site.
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES
3.1 HORIZONTAL SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS.
3.1.1 PROPERTY LINE BUFFER.
New C&DLF unit(s) at a new facility must establish a minimum 200-foot buffer
between the C&DLF unit and all property lines for monitoring purposes.
The horizontal separation requirement between the disposal boundary (edge of
waste) and the property lines is a minimum of 200 feet per Section .0540(2) (which
allows a 50- foot buffer for existing operating units).
As shown on Sheet 1 of the Engineering Drawings, the property line buffer is
satisfied with the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-
acre Nash County C&DLF.
ENGINEERING PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 7 of 9

3.1.2 OFFSITE RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES AND WELLS
All C&DLF units at a new facility must establish a minimum 500-foot buffer between
the C&DLF unit and existing residential structures and wells.
As shown on Sheet 1 of the Engineering Drawings, The 500-foot buffer horizontal
separation requirement between the disposal boundary (edge of waste) and
private residences and wells and the disposal boundary is satisfied with the
proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF.
3.1.3 SURFACE WATERS
All C&DLF units at new facilities must establish a minimum 50-foot buffer between
the C&DLF unit and any stream, river, lake, pond or other waters of the state as
defined in G.S. 143-212.
The proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash
County C&DLF does not occur within 50 feet of any stream, river, lake, pond or
other waters of the state.
3.1.4 EXISTING LANDFILL UNITS
A monitoring zone must be established between a new C&DLF unit and any
existing landfill units such as MSW, Industrial, C&DLF, or Land Clearing and Inert
Debris (LCID), in order to establish a ground-water monitoring system as set forth
in Rule .0544 of this Section.
A monitoring zone has been established between the proposed 15.8-acre
Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF and the
existing closed MSW landfill unit.
3.2 VERTICAL SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS
C&DLF unit(s) must be constructed so that the post-settlement bottom elevation of
waste is a minimum of four feet above the seasonal high ground-water table and the
bedrock datum plane contours established in the Design Hydrogeological Report
prepared in accordance with Paragraph (b) of Rule .0538 of this Section.
The seasonal high ground-water table is higher than bedrock within the entire area of
the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF. Therefore, the seasonal high ground-water table is the design constraint for
vertical separation. The subgrade is closest to the seasonal high ground-water table
bottom of the northern most internal 3:1 side slope as seen in Section A. Calculations
are included in Appendix C demonstrating the maximum settlement within the post-
settlement bottom elevation of waste is approximately four (4) inches. The proposed
ENGINEERING PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 8 of 9

15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF
subgrade has been designed so that the post-settlement bottom elevation of waste is
a minimum of four feet above the seasonal high ground-water table. Therefore The
proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County
C&DLF base grades meet the minimum requirement of four feet above the seasonal
high groundwater table and bedrock.
3.3 SURVEY CONTROL
One permanent benchmark of known elevation measured from a U.S. Geological
Survey benchmark must be established and maintained for each 50 acres of
developed landfill, or part thereof, at the landfill facility. This benchmark shall be the
reference point for establishing vertical elevation control. Any survey performed
pursuant to this Sub-Item must be performed by a Registered Land Surveyor.
There are currently no permanent benchmarks at the facility. Permanent benchmarks
will be established during the construction of the first phase of the proposed 15.8-acre
Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF. The location of
the permanent benchmarks will be provided to NCDENR upon establishment.
3.4 LOCATION COORDINATES
The Latitude and Longitude, expressed in decimal degrees, at the approximate center
of the facility is Latitude 36.06, Longitude -78.01.
3.5 LANDFILL SUBGRADE
The landfill subgrade is the in-situ or modified soil layer(s), constructed embankments,
and select fill providing the foundation for construction of the unit. The landfill
subgrade must be graded in accordance to the plans and specifications prepared in
accordance to Rule .0539 of this Section, which are incorporated into the permit to
construct in accordance with Paragraph (b) of Rule .0534 of this Section as follows:
(A) The owner or operator of the C&DLF unit must have the subgrade inspected
by a qualified geologist or engineer when excavation is completed.
(B) The owner or operator of the C&DLF unit must notify the Division's
hydrogeologist at least 24 hours before subgrade inspection.
(C) Compliance with the requirements of Sub-Item (2)(b) of this Rule must be in
accordance with Paragraph (b) of Rule .0538 of this Section or by placement
of soil in accordance with this Sub-Item and verified in accordance with Rule
.0541 of this Section.
ENGINEERING PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 9 of 9

The subgrade elevations will be achieved by excavation or placement of compacted
structural fill (embankment). During excavation, a determination of unsuitable soils
(i.e. soils which are too soft, wet, or organic) will be made. Where unsuitable soils are
found, the soils will be undercut and backfilled with structural fill. In addition to
providing the landfill foundation in fill areas, structural fill will be used for berm and
roadway construction. Structural fill will consist of on-site soils removed during
excavation or imported borrow soils, except that no CH, OL, or OH soils will be
allowed.
In addition, it will be field verified as described in the CQA Plan the soils making up
the upper two feet of separation are as specified in the approved construction plan or
have a Unified Soil Classification System of SC, SM, ML, CL,MH or CH.
3.6 SPECIAL ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
No special engineering structures are proposed as part of the C&DLF Expansion.
3.7 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL
Adequate structures and measures must be designed and maintained to manage the
run-on and run-off generated by the 24-hour, 25-year storm event, and conform to the
requirements of the Sedimentation Pollution Control Law (15A NCAC 04) and any
required NPDES permits.
The Erosion and Sedimentation Control structures provided will be designed and
maintained to manage the run-off generated by the 24-hour, 25-year storm event, and
conform to the requirements of the Sedimentation Pollution Control Law (15A NCAC
04). A detailed discussion of site erosion and sedimentation control for the proposed
15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF will be
submitted under separate cover.
3.8 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) REPORT
A CQA report must be submitted in accordance with Rule .0541 of this Section. The
CQA Plan for the facility is included as a separate section of this application titled
Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) Plan.
4.0 DESIGN HYDROGEOLOGIC REPORT
A copy of the Design Hydrogeologic Report prepared in accordance with Paragraph (b)
of Rule .0538 of this Section is included in the section titled Design Hydrogeologic Report

ENGINEERING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

ATTACHMENT
FEMA FIRM PANEL 3702782884J

ENGINEERING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

APPENDIX A
WETLANDS DELINEATION

3040 NC 42 West, Clayton NC 27520
P:919-606-1065 – F:919-585-5570

July 31, 2013

Mr. Thomas Brown
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
US Army Corps of Engineers
3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite 105
Wake Forest, North Carolina 27587

RE: Request for Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination
Garrett & Moore; Nash County C & D Landfill
Nash County, North Carolina

Dear Mr. Brown;

Carolina Ecosystems, Inc. (CEI) has completed a delineation of streams and wetlands for the
above referenced project for Garrett & Moore. The attached information is submitted for your
review and determination of jurisdiction under the Clean Water Act (CWA).

Enclosed please find the following information:

 Project Information Sheet
 Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination Form
 Stream and Wetland Summary Tables
 Project Vicinity Map
 USGS Map
 NRCS Soil Survey Map
 Delineation Figures
 Wetland Data Forms

Project Description & Methodology

As shown in Figure 1, the Nash County Landfill project is located in Nash County, NC within
the Tar-Pamlico River Basin (USGS HUC 03020101). The study area consists of the northern
side of the drainage feature adjacent to the proposed landfill expansion area (Figure 4). This
delineation was performed in compliance with methodology set forth in the U.S Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE) Wetland Delineation Manual (USACE 1987) and subsequent guidance
including the Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Regional supplement. Streams were assessed for
jurisdiction under the CWA using field indications of ordinary high water mark and for
jurisdiction under the Tar-Pamlico Buffer rules using the NCDWQ Stream Identification Form,
Version 4.1.1.

Delineation Results

Figure 2 is presented using the following US Geological Survey 1:24,000 quadrangle maps:
Castalia and Red Oak. Figure 3 is presented using the Nash County Soil Survey sheets 3 and 4.
Figure 4 presents the results of the delineation, including approximate stream and wetland
Nash County Landfill Preliminary JD Request July 31, 2013

Page 2

locations overlaid on aerial photography from the National Agricultural Imagery Program
(NAIP) 2012.

Table 1 presents detailed information on the jurisdictional stream within the study area, including
status (intermittent or perennial), bank height, bank width, length within the study area, and
latitude/longitude. Table 2 presents detailed information on the wetland feature including NC
Wetland Assessment Method (NCWAM) Type, Cowardin Class, Hydrologic Class, and
latitude/longitude. We respectfully request your review of this information and determination of
jurisdiction under the CWA. A copy of this information is also being provided to the Raleigh
Regional Office of the North Carolina Division of Water Quality for their review and
determination of jurisdiction under the Tar-Pamlico Buffer rules.

If you have any questions, need additional information, or would like to schedule a site visit,
please contact me at your earliest convenience at [phone] or [e-mail].

Sincerely,
Carolina Ecosystems, Inc.

Philip May
Senior Environmental Scientist

Attachments:
Project Information Sheet
Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination Form
Stream and Wetland Summary Tables
Project Vicinity Map
USGS Map
NRCS Soil Survey Map
Delineation Figures
Stream and Wetland Data Forms

Cc: Tom Ascenzo, NCDENR-Raleigh Regional Office
Matthew Richardson, Solid Waste Director, Nash County Landfill.
Craig Fortner, P.E., Garrett & Moore, Inc.

3040 NC 42 West; Clayton, NC 27520
P:919-606-1065 – F:919-585-5570
Project Information Sheet Date: 07/31/13

Project Name: Nash County C & D Landfill

Name of Property Owner/Applicant: Matthew Richardson, Solid Waste Director, Nash County Landfill

Consultant/Agent: Carolina Ecosystems, Inc.

Related/Previous Action IDs: None

Site Address: 3057 Duke Road, Nashville, NC 27856

Subdivision Name (if applicable): N/A

City: Nashville, NC

County: Nash County

Lat: 36.0550 Long: -78.0047

USGS Quadrangle(s): Castalia and Red Oak

River Basin(s): Tar-Pamlico

8-Digit HUC(s): 03020101

Nearest Stream(s): Pig Basket Creek

Directions to Site: From Raleigh take US-64 east to Exit 459 (NC-58).Turn left (north) on NC-58.
Turn right on Taylors Store Rd, approximately ½ mile from the exit. After 5.6 miles, turn left onto
Duke Rd. The landfill entrance is approximately 1 mile on the left.

Requested Action:

Pre-application Request

Jurisdictional Determination Request Final Preliminary

Permit Application: Nationwide

General

Individual
1
ATTACHMENT

PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL
DETERMINATION (JD):

B. NAME AND ADDRESS OF PERSON REQUESTING PRELIMINARY JD:
Matthew Richardson
Solid Waste Director, Nash County Landfill
3057 Duke Rd
Nashville, NC 27856

C. DISTRICT OFFICE, FILE NAME, AND NUMBER:

D. PROJECT LOCATION(S) AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:
Nash County C & D Landfill: Construction and demolition landfill expansion.
(USE THE ATTACHED TABLE TO DOCUMENT MULTIPLE WATERBODIES
AT DIFFERENT SITES)
State:NC County/parish/borough: Nash City: Nashville
Center coordinates of site (lat/long in degree decimal format): Lat. see table°
N, Long. see table° E.
Universal Transverse Mercator:
Name of nearest waterbody: Pig Basket Creek

Identify (estimate) amount of waters in the review area:
Non-wetland waters: 1500 linear feet: width (ft) and/or
acres.
Cowardin Class: Riverine
Stream Flow: Perennial
Wetlands: 0.4 acres.
Cowardin Class: Forested

Name of any water bodies on the site that have been identified as Section 10
waters:
Tidal: None
Non-Tidal: None

E. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION (CHECK ALL THAT
APPLY):
Office (Desk) Determination. Date:
Field Determination. Date(s):
2
1. The Corps of Engineers believes that there may be jurisdictional waters of the
United States on the subject site, and the permit applicant or other affected party
who requested this preliminary JD is hereby advised of his or her option to
request and obtain an approved jurisdictional determination (JD) for that site.
Nevertheless, the permit applicant or other person who requested this
preliminary JD has declined to exercise the option to obtain an approved JD in
this instance and at this time.

2. In any circumstance where a permit applicant obtains an individual permit, or
a Nationwide General Permit (NWP) or other general permit verification requiring
“pre-construction notification” (PCN), or requests verification for a non-reporting
NWP or other general permit, and the permit applicant has not requested an
approved JD for the activity, the permit applicant is hereby made aware of the
following: (1) the permit applicant has elected to seek a permit authorization
based on a preliminary JD, which does not make an official determination of
jurisdictional waters; (2) that the applicant has the option to request an approved
JD before accepting the terms and conditions of the permit authorization, and
that basing a permit authorization on an approved JD could possibly result in less
compensatory mitigation being required or different special conditions; (3) that
the applicant has the right to request an individual permit rather than accepting
the terms and conditions of the NWP or other general permit authorization; (4)
that the applicant can accept a permit authorization and thereby agree to comply
with all the terms and conditions of that permit, including whatever mitigation
requirements the Corps has determined to be necessary; (5) that undertaking
any activity in reliance upon the subject permit authorization without requesting
an approved JD constitutes the applicant’s acceptance of the use of the
preliminary JD, but that either form of JD will be processed as soon as is
practicable; (6) accepting a permit authorization (e.g., signing a proffered
individual permit) or undertaking any activity in reliance on any form of Corps
permit authorization based on a preliminary JD constitutes agreement that all
wetlands and other water bodies on the site affected in any way by that activity
are jurisdictional waters of the United States, and precludes any challenge to
such jurisdiction in any administrative or judicial compliance or enforcement
action, or in any administrative appeal or in any Federal court; and (7) whether
the applicant elects to use either an approved JD or a preliminary JD, that JD
will be processed as soon as is practicable. Further, an approved JD, a proffered
individual permit (and all terms and conditions contained therein), or individual
permit denial can be administratively appealed pursuant to 33 C.F.R. Part 331,
and that in any administrative appeal, jurisdictional issues can be raised (see 33
C.F.R. 331.5(a)(2)). If, during that administrative appeal, it becomes necessary
to make an official determination whether CWA jurisdiction exists over a site, or
to provide an official delineation of jurisdictional waters on the site, the Corps will
provide an approved JD to accomplish that result, as soon as is practicable.
This preliminary JD finds that there “may be” waters of the United States on the
subject project site, and identifies all aquatic features on the site that could be
affected by the proposed activity, based on the following information:
3
SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for preliminary JD (check all that apply
- checked items should be included in case file and, where checked and
requested, appropriately reference sources below):
Maps, plans, plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the
applicant/consultant: .
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the
applicant/consultant.
Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps: .
Corps navigable waters’ study: .
U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas: .
USGS NHD data.
USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S. Geological Survey map(s). Cite scale & quad name:1:24000 Castalia
and Red Oak.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.
Citation:Nash County Soil Survey .
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name: .
State/Local wetland inventory map(s): .
FEMA/FIRM maps: .
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum
of 1929)
Photographs: Aerial (Name & Date):NAIP (2012).
or Other (Name & Date): .
Previous determination(s). File no. and date of response letter: .
Other information (please specify): .

IMPORTANT NOTE: The information recorded on this form has not
necessarily been verified by the Corps and should not be relied upon for
later jurisdictional determinations.

_________________________ __________________________
Signature and date of Signature and date of
Regulatory Project Manager person requesting preliminary JD
(REQUIRED) (REQUIRED, unless obtaining
the signature is impracticable)
2
1. The Corps of Engineers believes that there may be jurisdictional waters of the
United States on the subject site, and the permit applicant or other affected party
who requested this preliminary JD is hereby advised of his or her option to
request and obtain an approved jurisdictional determination (JD) for that site.
Nevertheless, the permit applicant or other person who requested this
preliminary JD has declined to exercise the option to obtain an approved JD in
this instance and at this time.

2. In any circumstance where a permit applicant obtains an individual permit, or
a Nationwide General Permit (NWP) or other general permit verification requiring
“pre-construction notification” (PCN), or requests verification for a non-reporting
NWP or other general permit, and the permit applicant has not requested an
approved JD for the activity, the permit applicant is hereby made aware of the
following: (1) the permit applicant has elected to seek a permit authorization
based on a preliminary JD, which does not make an official determination of
jurisdictional waters; (2) that the applicant has the option to request an approved
JD before accepting the terms and conditions of the permit authorization, and
that basing a permit authorization on an approved JD could possibly result in less
compensatory mitigation being required or different special conditions; (3) that
the applicant has the right to request an individual permit rather than accepting
the terms and conditions of the NWP or other general permit authorization; (4)
that the applicant can accept a permit authorization and thereby agree to comply
with all the terms and conditions of that permit, including whatever mitigation
requirements the Corps has determined to be necessary; (5) that undertaking
any activity in reliance upon the subject permit authorization without requesting
an approved JD constitutes the applicant’s acceptance of the use of the
preliminary JD, but that either form of JD will be processed as soon as is
practicable; (6) accepting a permit authorization (e.g., signing a proffered
individual permit) or undertaking any activity in reliance on any form of Corps
permit authorization based on a preliminary JD constitutes agreement that all
wetlands and other water bodies on the site affected in any way by that activity
are jurisdictional waters of the United States, and precludes any challenge to
such jurisdiction in any administrative or judicial compliance or enforcement
action, or in any administrative appeal or in any Federal court; and (7) whether
the applicant elects to use either an approved JD or a preliminary JD, that JD
will be processed as soon as is practicable. Further, an approved JD, a proffered
individual permit (and all terms and conditions contained therein), or individual
permit denial can be administratively appealed pursuant to 33 C.F.R. Part 331,
and that in any administrative appeal, jurisdictional issues can be raised (see 33
C.F.R. 331.5(a)(2)). If, during that administrative appeal, it becomes necessary
to make an official determination whether CWA jurisdiction exists over a site, or
to provide an official delineation of jurisdictional waters on the site, the Corps will
provide an approved JD to accomplish that result, as soon as is practicable.
This preliminary JD finds that there “may be” waters of the United States on the
subject project site, and identifies all aquatic features on the site that could be
affected by the proposed activity, based on the following information:
3
SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for preliminary JD (check all that apply
- checked items should be included in case file and, where checked and
requested, appropriately reference sources below):
Maps, plans, plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the
applicant/consultant: .
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the
applicant/consultant.
Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps: .
Corps navigable waters’ study: .
U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas: .
USGS NHD data.
USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S. Geological Survey map(s). Cite scale & quad name:1:24000 Castalia
and Red Oak.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.
Citation:NAsh County Soil Survey .
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name: .
State/Local wetland inventory map(s): .
FEMA/FIRM maps: .
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum
of 1929)
Photographs: Aerial (Name & Date):NAIP (2012).
or Other (Name & Date): .
Previous determination(s). File no. and date of response letter: .
Other information (please specify): .

IMPORTANT NOTE: The information recorded on this form has not
necessarily been verified by the Corps and should not be relied upon for
later jurisdictional determinations.

_________________________ __________________________
Signature and date of Signature and date of
Regulatory Project Manager person requesting preliminary JD
(REQUIRED) (REQUIRED, unless obtaining
the signature is impracticable)
Nash County C D Landfill Table 1
Streams
July 2013
Stream Status Bankfull Height
(Feet)
Bankfull Width
(Feet)
Length (Approx)
(Feet)DWQ Lat Long
SA I 1 4 1500 21 36.0547 -78.0041
Stream Name
Note: Perennial streams with under 30 DWQ score have biological indicators
I = Intermittent, P = Perennial, - = No Score Page 1 of 1
Nash County C D Landfill Table 2
Wetlands
July 2013
Wetland Size
ID NCWAM Hydrologic Cowardin (Acres)WET UP Lat Long
WA Headwater Forest Riparian Palustrine Forested 0.1 WE WE 36.0548 -78.0031
WB Headwater Forest Riparian Palustrine Forested 0.1 WE WE 36.0555 -78.0014
WC Headwater Forest Riparian Palustrine Forested 0.1 WE WE 36.0555 -78.0019
WD Headwater Forest Riparian Palustrine Forested <0.1 WE WE 36.0552 -78.0023
WE Headwater Forest Riparian Palustrine Forested <0.1 WE WE 36.0550 -78.0027
USACE FormsClass
PEM = Palustrine Emergent; PFO = Palustrine Forested; PSS = Palustrine Scrub-Shrub; PUBH = Palustrine Unconsolidated Bottom, Permanently FloodedPage 1 of 1
3040 NC 42 West; Clayton NC, 27520P:(919)-606-9145 F:(919)-585-5570
July 2013
Nash County LandfillNash County, NC
Figure 1: Vicinity Map
I -9 5
U S -6 4
N
C
-
5
8
Duke Rd
T
a
y
l
o
r

S
t
o
r
e

R
d
W Castalia Rd
I -9 5
T
a
y
l
o
r
S
t
o
r
e
R
d
N
C
-58
N
C-58
U S -6 4
NC-58
StonyCreek
P
i
g
B
ask
et
Creek
RedBud C r e e k
Back
S
w
a
m
p
S a n d y C r e e k
Tumbli n g R u n
LittleSaponyCre
e
k
F l a t R o c k B r a n c h
MapleCreek
Red Oak
Nashville
Castalia
Rocky Mount
³0 1.5
Miles Site Boundary
State Route
USGS Named Streams
3040 NC 42 West; Clayton NC, 27520P:(919)-606-9145 F:(919)-585-5570
July 2013
Nash County LandfillNash County, NC
Figure 2: USGS Map³0 1,000
Feet Site Boundary
Study Area
Red Oak and Castalia USGS Quads
3040 NC 42 West; Clayton NC, 27520P:(919)-606-9145 F:(919)-585-5570
July 2013
Nash County LandfillNash County, NC
Figure 3: NRCS Soil Survey³0 1,000
Feet Site Boundary
3040 NC 42 West; Clayton NC, 27520P:(919)-606-9145 F:(919)-585-5570
July 2013
Nash County LandfillNash County, NC
Figure 4: Project Study Area Map
WC WB
WA
WE WD
³0 350
Feet
Site Boundary
Wetlands
Stream
Contour 5'
Aerial Photograph
SA E/I
Jurisdictional features are approximated based on field sketches and subject to change
ENGINEERING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

APPENDIX B
ENDANGERED SPECIES AND CULTURAL RESOURCES EVALUATION

From:Phil May
To:Craig Fortner
Subject:Nash County Landfill
Date:Friday, August 08, 2014 2:13:45 PM
Craig,

In regard to the Nash County Landfill expansion, in our professional opinion the project will have no
 effect on federally listed threatened or endangered species.  The following is the US Fish and
 Wildlife Service list of species potentially occurring in Nash County (as of July 2014):

- Bald Eagle – No nest trees or eagles were noted on site during initial habitat assessments in
 2010 and the delineation in 2013.
- Red-cockaded woodpecker – No RCW nesting or foraging habitat (suitably aged pine stands)
 were found within the project limits during habitat assessments performed in 2010.  RCW is
 listed as a historic (over 50 year old) occurrence by USFWS in Nash Co.
- Tar River spiny mussel and dwarf wedgemussel – No surveys were done for these species
 however Pig Basket Creek is impounded by beaver on the site and therefore not suitable
 habitat adjacent to the landfill expansion.  As no impacts to surface waters are proposed
 and appropriate sediment and erosion control measures will be implemented, there should
 be no effect on these species.

A review of the North Carolina Natural Heritage Element Occurrence Database, last updated in July
 2014, shows that there are no recorded occurrences of federally listed species within the landfill
 property or a 2-mile radius.  Since no occurrences  and no habitat are present, and no effect on the
 listed species is anticipated, consultation with the US Fish and Wildlife Service is not required.  Let
 me know if you have any questions.
Thanks
Phil

Phil May
Senior Scientist
Carolina Ecosystems, Inc.
3040 NC Hwy 42 West
Clayton NC 27520
[phone]

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North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
Peter B. Sandbeck, Administrator
Beverly Eaves Perdue, Governor Office of Archives and History
Linda A. Carlisle, Secretary Division of Historical Resources
Jeffrey J. Crow, Deputy Secretary David Brook, Director
Location: 109 East Jones Street, Raleigh NC 27601 Mailing Address: 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-4617 Telephone/Fax: [phone]-6599

October 7, 2010

Nick Parks
Garrett & Moore, Inc.
1258 Benson Road
Garner, NC 27529

Re: Expand the Nash County Landfill, 3057 Duke Road, Castalia, Nash County, ER 10-1780
Dear Mr. Parks:
Thank you for your email of September 16, 2010, concerning the above project.
We have conducted a review of the project and are aware of no historic resources which would be affected by
the project. Therefore, we have no comment on the project as proposed.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the Advisory
Council on Historic Preservation’s Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
please contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919-807-6579. In all future
communication concerning this project, please cite the above-referenced tracking number.
Sincerely,

Peter Sandbeck

ENGINEERING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

APPENDIX C
SETTLEMENT AND GLOBAL STABILITY CALCULATIONS

Page 1 of 3
PROJECT
SUBJECT
COMPUTED BY CHECKED BY
DATE
Purpose
Evaluate settlement of in-situ materials with the development and filling of the Horizontal Expansion of the Nash Count C&D Landfill
Consolidation settlement (METHOD 1) is evaluated using the Terzaghi method for one-dimensional consolidation settlement.
Compression of in-situ granular materials is evaluated using elastic theory and the method described by Hough (METHOD 2).
Elastic compression is considered to primary mode of settlement for this analysis
Boring P-22
∆Stress:60 pcf, unit weight of C&D waste
100 ft, height of proposed waste fill Top Waste:310 Base:210
115 pcf, unit weight of final cover
3 ft, thickness of final cover Ex. GS Elev.236
110 pcf, unit weight of overburden
-26 ft, overburden to be removed GW Elev.205.53485psf, ∆σv
Water Table:30.5 ft, depth to phreatic surface
Method 1 - Terzaghi 1-D Consolidation
Method 2 - Hough Elastic Compression
Sublayer Descr.Consol.Depth γwet γeff H0 Havg σvo' bot σvo' avg ∆σv eo σp'Cc Cr C'∆ H
Method ft pcf pcf ft ft psf psf psf dim psf dim dim dim ft
1 Clayey Silt 2 2 110 110 2 1 220 47.6 3485 65 0.058
2 Clayey Silt 2 6 115 115 4 2 680 450 3485 65 0.058
3 Clayey Silt 2 12 115 115 6 3 1370 1025 3485 45 0.086
4 Clayey Silt 2 25 115 115 13 6.5 2865 2117.5 3485 45 0.122
Total Estimated Settlement, ft =0.32
Total Estimated Settlement, in. =3.9
Existing Ground Surface Elev.
Groundwater Elevation
JSBCMF
Shotwell C&D Landfill, Phase 4 Permit to Construct
Settlement Analysis
8/8/2014
Maximum Fill Depth
'
'log1'
'log1 p
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ori e
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HCH σ
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σ ∆+
+++=∆
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PROJECT Horizontal Expansion of the Nash Co. C&DLF
SUBJECT Settlement Analysis
COMPUTED BY CMF CHECKEDJSB
DATE 8/8/2014
PROJECT Horizontal Expansion of the Nash Co. C&DLF
SUBJECT Settlement Analysis
COMPUTED BY CMF CHECKEDJSB
DATE 8/8/2014
Bearing Capacity Index versus corrected SPT Value (Cheney and Chassie 1982, modified from Hough 1959)
Cheney, R.S., and Chassie, R.G. (1982). Soils and Foundations Workshop Manual, FHWA
Report no. FHWA-NHI-88-009, NHI Course No. 13212, Washington, DC, 338pp.
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** PCSTABL5M **
by
Purdue University
--Slope Stability Analysis--
Simplified Janbu, Simplified Bishop
or Spencer`s Method of Slices
Run Date: 8/12/2014
Time of Run: 11:04AM
Run By: Craig Fortner, Garrett & Moore, Inc
Input Data Filename: V:nash exp.in
Output Filename: V:nash exp.OUT
Unit: ENGLISH
Plotted Output Filename: V:nash exp.PLT
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION Nash Co. C&D Landfill Expansion
Global Stability
BOUNDARY COORDINATES
7 Top Boundaries
16 Total Boundaries
Boundary X-Left Y-Left X-Right Y-Right Soil Type
No. (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) Below Bnd
1 0.00 236.34 181.48 236.66 1
2 181.48 236.66 187.47 234.67 1
3 187.47 234.67 192.49 234.67 1
4 192.49 234.67 198.49 236.68 1
5 198.49 236.68 552.97 325.00 3
6 552.97 325.00 666.73 332.84 3
7 666.73 332.84 759.93 328.66 3
V:nash exp.OUT Page 2
8 198.49 236.68 210.87 236.68 1
9 210.87 236.68 247.70 218.30 1
10 247.70 218.30 369.45 213.69 1
11 369.45 213.69 508.83 210.68 1
12 508.83 210.68 555.51 233.98 1
13 555.51 233.98 626.12 234.02 1
14 626.12 234.02 681.22 220.24 1
15 681.22 220.24 759.93 219.01 1
16 0.00 208.38 759.93 211.48 2
ISOTROPIC SOIL PARAMETERS
3 Type(s) of Soil
Soil Total Saturated Cohesion Friction Pore Pressure Piez.
Type Unit Wt. Unit Wt. Intercept Angle Pressure Constant Surface
No. (pcf) (pcf) (psf) (deg) Param. (psf) No.
1 110.0 110.0 0.0 26.0 0.00 0.0 0
2 120.0 120.0 2000.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0
3 60.0 60.0 500.0 25.0 0.00 0.0 0
A Critical Failure Surface Searching Method, Using A Random
Technique For Generating Circular Surfaces, Has Been Specified.
100 Trial Surfaces Have Been Generated.
10 Surfaces Initiate From Each Of 10 Points Equally Spaced
Along The Ground Surface Between X = 50.00 ft.
and X = 200.00 ft.
Each Surface Terminates Between X = 550.00 ft.
and X = 650.00 ft.
Unless Further Limitations Were Imposed, The Minimum Elevation
At Which A Surface Extends Is Y = 0.00 ft.
10.00 ft. Line Segments Define Each Trial Failure Surface.
Following Are Displayed The Ten Most Critical Of The Trial
Failure Surfaces Examined. They Are Ordered - Most Critical
First.
* * Safety Factors Are Calculated By The Modified Bishop Method * *
Failure Surface Specified By 57 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 183.33 236.04
2 190.50 229.07
3 197.91 222.35
4 205.55 215.90
5 213.42 209.73
6 221.50 203.84
7 229.78 198.24
8 238.26 192.93
9 246.92 187.94
10 255.75 183.25
11 264.75 178.88
12 273.89 174.82
13 283.17 171.10
14 292.58 167.71
15 302.10 164.65
16 311.72 161.94
17 321.44 159.56
18 331.23 157.54
19 341.09 155.86
20 351.00 154.53
21 360.95 153.56
22 370.93 152.94
23 380.93 152.67
24 390.93 152.76
25 400.92 153.20
26 410.89 154.00
27 420.82 155.15
28 430.71 156.65
29 440.54 158.50
30 450.29 160.70
31 459.96 163.25
32 469.54 166.13
33 479.00 169.36
34 488.35 172.91
35 497.56 176.80
V:nash exp.OUT Page 3
36 506.63 181.01
37 515.55 185.54
38 524.30 190.39
39 532.87 195.54
40 541.25 200.99
41 549.43 206.74
42 557.41 212.77
43 565.17 219.08
44 572.69 225.66
45 579.98 232.51
46 587.02 239.61
47 593.81 246.96
48 600.33 254.54
49 606.58 262.35
50 612.54 270.37
51 618.22 278.60
52 623.60 287.03
53 628.68 295.65
54 633.45 304.43
55 637.91 313.39
56 642.04 322.49
57 645.71 331.39
Circle Center At X = 383.4 ; Y = 434.5 and Radius, 281.8
*** 2.466 ***
Individual data on the 68 slices
Water Water Tie Tie Earthquake
Force Force Force Force Force Surcharge
Slice Width Weight Top Bot Norm Tan Hor Ver Load
No. (ft) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs)
1 4.1 603.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3.0 1375.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 2.0 1423.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 5.4 6418.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 0.6 925.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 7.1 14196.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 5.3 14150.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
8 2.5 7711.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
9 0.7 2056.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
10 7.4 25682.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 8.3 33473.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12 8.5 39094.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
13 8.7 44551.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
14 0.8 4220.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
15 8.1 46327.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 9.0 57400.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
17 9.1 64060.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
18 9.3 70475.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
19 9.4 76601.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
20 9.5 82397.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
21 9.6 87823.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
22 9.7 92843.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
23 9.8 97425.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
24 9.9 101539.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
25 9.9 105159.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
26 10.0 108262.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
27 8.5 94216.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
28 1.5 16613.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
29 10.0 112896.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
30 10.0 114429.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
31 10.0 115392.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
32 10.0 115779.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
33 9.9 115592.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
34 9.9 114834.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
35 9.8 113512.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
36 9.8 111639.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
37 9.7 109230.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
38 9.6 106304.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
39 9.5 102883.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
40 9.3 98996.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
41 9.2 94671.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
V:nash exp.OUT Page 4
42 9.1 89940.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
43 2.2 21262.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
44 6.7 64166.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
45 8.7 81939.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
46 8.6 78103.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
47 8.4 73893.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
48 8.2 69351.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
49 3.5 29003.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
50 1.6 13132.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
51 0.9 7277.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
52 1.9 14982.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
53 7.8 58030.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
54 7.5 51219.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
55 7.3 44439.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
56 1.5 8330.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
57 5.6 30190.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
58 6.8 34318.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
59 6.5 30237.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
60 6.2 26252.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
61 6.0 22387.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
62 5.7 18672.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
63 5.4 15133.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
64 5.1 11796.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
65 4.8 8685.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
66 4.5 5825.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
67 4.1 3239.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
68 3.7 951.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Failure Surface Specified By 55 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 200.00 237.06
2 207.32 230.25
3 214.89 223.71
4 222.69 217.45
5 230.72 211.49
6 238.95 205.82
7 247.39 200.45
8 256.03 195.40
9 264.84 190.67
10 273.81 186.27
11 282.95 182.20
12 292.22 178.46
13 301.63 175.07
14 311.16 172.02
15 320.79 169.33
16 330.51 166.99
17 340.31 165.00
18 350.18 163.38
19 360.10 162.12
20 370.06 161.22
21 380.04 160.69
22 390.04 160.53
23 400.04 160.73
24 410.02 161.30
25 419.98 162.23
26 429.89 163.53
27 439.76 165.19
28 449.55 167.21
29 459.26 169.59
30 468.88 172.32
31 478.40 175.40
32 487.79 178.83
33 497.05 182.60
34 506.17 186.71
35 515.13 191.14
36 523.92 195.91
37 532.54 200.99
38 540.96 206.39
39 549.17 212.08
40 557.18 218.08
V:nash exp.OUT Page 5
41 564.95 224.37
42 572.50 230.93
43 579.79 237.77
44 586.83 244.87
45 593.61 252.23
46 600.11 259.82
47 606.33 267.65
48 612.26 275.71
49 617.89 283.97
50 623.21 292.44
51 628.22 301.09
52 632.91 309.92
53 637.28 318.92
54 641.31 328.07
55 642.54 331.17
Circle Center At X = 389.5 ; Y = 433.5 and Radius, 273.0
*** 2.506 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 56 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 183.33 236.04
2 190.46 229.03
3 197.83 222.27
4 205.45 215.79
5 213.29 209.59
6 221.36 203.68
7 229.64 198.07
8 238.12 192.77
9 246.78 187.78
10 255.62 183.10
11 264.63 178.76
12 273.79 174.74
13 283.08 171.06
14 292.51 167.72
15 302.05 164.73
16 311.70 162.09
17 321.43 159.80
18 331.24 157.87
19 341.12 156.30
20 351.05 155.08
21 361.01 154.23
22 371.00 153.75
23 381.00 153.63
24 390.99 153.87
25 400.98 154.48
26 410.93 155.45
27 420.84 156.79
28 430.69 158.48
29 440.48 160.54
30 450.19 162.95
31 459.80 165.71
32 469.30 168.82
33 478.69 172.27
34 487.94 176.07
35 497.05 180.20
36 506.00 184.66
37 514.78 189.44
38 523.38 194.54
39 531.79 199.95
40 540.00 205.66
41 547.99 211.67
42 555.76 217.96
43 563.30 224.54
44 570.59 231.38
45 577.62 238.49
46 584.39 245.85
47 590.89 253.45
48 597.11 261.28
49 603.04 269.33
50 608.67 277.60
V:nash exp.OUT Page 6
51 613.99 286.06
52 619.01 294.72
53 623.70 303.55
54 628.07 312.54
55 632.11 321.69
56 635.70 330.70
Circle Center At X = 379.3 ; Y = 427.8 and Radius, 274.2
*** 2.519 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 65 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 116.67 236.55
2 123.80 229.54
3 131.14 222.75
4 138.69 216.19
5 146.44 209.86
6 154.37 203.78
7 162.48 197.93
8 170.77 192.34
9 179.23 187.00
10 187.85 181.93
11 196.61 177.11
12 205.52 172.57
13 214.57 168.30
14 223.73 164.31
15 233.02 160.61
16 242.42 157.18
17 251.91 154.05
18 261.50 151.20
19 271.17 148.65
20 280.91 146.40
21 290.72 144.44
22 300.58 142.78
23 310.49 141.43
24 320.43 140.38
25 330.40 139.63
26 340.39 139.18
27 350.39 139.05
28 360.39 139.21
29 370.38 139.68
30 380.35 140.46
31 390.29 141.54
32 400.20 142.92
33 410.05 144.61
34 419.86 146.59
35 429.59 148.87
36 439.25 151.45
37 448.83 154.32
38 458.32 157.48
39 467.71 160.93
40 476.98 164.67
41 486.14 168.68
42 495.17 172.97
43 504.07 177.54
44 512.82 182.38
45 521.42 187.48
46 529.86 192.84
47 538.14 198.45
48 546.24 204.32
49 554.15 210.43
50 561.88 216.78
51 569.41 223.36
52 576.74 230.17
53 583.85 237.19
54 590.75 244.44
55 597.42 251.88
56 603.86 259.53
57 610.07 267.37
58 616.03 275.40
59 621.74 283.61
V:nash exp.OUT Page 7
60 627.21 291.98
61 632.41 300.52
62 637.35 309.22
63 642.03 318.06
64 646.43 327.03
65 648.49 331.58
Circle Center At X = 349.9 ; Y = 466.9 and Radius, 327.8
*** 2.575 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 60 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 150.00 236.60
2 157.10 229.56
3 164.43 222.76
4 171.99 216.21
5 179.76 209.92
6 187.75 203.90
7 195.93 198.15
8 204.30 192.69
9 212.86 187.50
10 221.58 182.62
11 230.46 178.02
12 239.50 173.74
13 248.67 169.76
14 257.98 166.09
15 267.40 162.74
16 276.93 159.71
17 286.55 157.01
18 296.27 154.63
19 306.06 152.58
20 315.91 150.87
21 325.81 149.49
22 335.76 148.45
23 345.73 147.74
24 355.73 147.37
25 365.73 147.34
26 375.72 147.65
27 385.70 148.29
28 395.65 149.28
29 405.56 150.60
30 415.43 152.25
31 425.23 154.24
32 434.96 156.56
33 444.60 159.20
34 454.15 162.17
35 463.59 165.46
36 472.92 169.07
37 482.11 173.00
38 491.17 177.23
39 500.09 181.77
40 508.84 186.60
41 517.42 191.73
42 525.83 197.15
43 534.05 202.84
44 542.07 208.82
45 549.88 215.06
46 557.48 221.56
47 564.85 228.32
48 571.99 235.32
49 578.89 242.55
50 585.54 250.02
51 591.94 257.71
52 598.07 265.61
53 603.93 273.72
54 609.51 282.01
55 614.81 290.49
56 619.81 299.15
57 624.53 307.97
58 628.94 316.95
59 633.04 326.06
V:nash exp.OUT Page 8
60 634.92 330.65
Circle Center At X = 361.6 ; Y = 442.7 and Radius, 295.4
*** 2.587 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 65 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 116.67 236.55
2 123.74 229.47
3 131.03 222.63
4 138.52 216.01
5 146.22 209.62
6 154.11 203.48
7 162.18 197.58
8 170.44 191.94
9 178.87 186.55
10 187.45 181.43
11 196.20 176.58
12 205.09 172.00
13 214.11 167.69
14 223.27 163.67
15 232.54 159.94
16 241.93 156.49
17 251.42 153.33
18 261.00 150.47
19 270.67 147.91
20 280.41 145.65
21 290.22 143.69
22 300.08 142.03
23 309.99 140.68
24 319.93 139.64
25 329.91 138.91
26 339.90 138.49
27 349.90 138.37
28 359.89 138.57
29 369.88 139.07
30 379.85 139.88
31 389.78 141.00
32 399.68 142.43
33 409.53 144.17
34 419.32 146.20
35 429.04 148.54
36 438.69 151.18
37 448.25 154.12
38 457.71 157.35
39 467.07 160.87
40 476.32 164.68
41 485.44 168.78
42 494.43 173.15
43 503.28 177.81
44 511.99 182.73
45 520.54 187.92
46 528.92 193.37
47 537.13 199.08
48 545.16 205.04
49 553.00 211.25
50 560.64 217.69
51 568.09 224.37
52 575.32 231.28
53 582.33 238.41
54 589.12 245.75
55 595.68 253.29
56 602.01 261.04
57 608.09 268.98
58 613.92 277.10
59 619.50 285.40
60 624.82 293.87
61 629.87 302.50
62 634.65 311.28
63 639.16 320.21
64 643.39 329.27
V:nash exp.OUT Page 9
65 644.26 331.29
Circle Center At X = 348.6 ; Y = 461.4 and Radius, 323.1
*** 2.592 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 65 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 116.67 236.55
2 123.90 229.64
3 131.34 222.96
4 138.98 216.50
5 146.81 210.28
6 154.82 204.30
7 163.01 198.56
8 171.37 193.08
9 179.89 187.85
10 188.57 182.87
11 197.39 178.17
12 206.35 173.73
13 215.45 169.56
14 224.66 165.67
15 233.99 162.07
16 243.42 158.74
17 252.94 155.70
18 262.56 152.95
19 272.25 150.50
20 282.02 148.33
21 291.84 146.47
22 301.72 144.90
23 311.63 143.63
24 321.59 142.66
25 331.56 141.99
26 341.56 141.62
27 351.56 141.56
28 361.56 141.80
29 371.54 142.34
30 381.51 143.18
31 391.44 144.32
32 401.34 145.76
33 411.18 147.50
34 420.97 149.54
35 430.70 151.87
36 440.35 154.50
37 449.91 157.42
38 459.38 160.62
39 468.76 164.11
40 478.02 167.88
41 487.16 171.93
42 496.18 176.25
43 505.06 180.84
44 513.80 185.70
45 522.39 190.82
46 530.82 196.20
47 539.09 201.83
48 547.18 207.71
49 555.08 213.83
50 562.80 220.19
51 570.33 226.77
52 577.65 233.58
53 584.76 240.61
54 591.66 247.86
55 598.33 255.30
56 604.78 262.95
57 610.99 270.78
58 616.97 278.80
59 622.69 287.00
60 628.17 295.37
61 633.39 303.89
62 638.36 312.58
63 643.05 321.40
64 647.48 330.37
V:nash exp.OUT Page 10
65 648.02 331.55
Circle Center At X = 348.7 ; Y = 472.4 and Radius, 330.8
*** 2.599 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 54 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 183.33 236.04
2 190.57 229.14
3 198.05 222.51
4 205.79 216.17
5 213.75 210.12
6 221.94 204.38
7 230.34 198.96
8 238.94 193.85
9 247.72 189.07
10 256.68 184.63
11 265.80 180.53
12 275.07 176.78
13 284.48 173.38
14 294.00 170.34
15 303.64 167.66
16 313.37 165.34
17 323.17 163.40
18 333.05 161.82
19 342.98 160.62
20 352.94 159.80
21 362.93 159.35
22 372.93 159.28
23 382.93 159.59
24 392.91 160.27
25 402.85 161.34
26 412.75 162.77
27 422.58 164.58
28 432.34 166.76
29 442.01 169.31
30 451.58 172.22
31 461.03 175.48
32 470.35 179.11
33 479.53 183.08
34 488.55 187.40
35 497.40 192.05
36 506.07 197.03
37 514.54 202.34
38 522.81 207.97
39 530.86 213.90
40 538.68 220.13
41 546.26 226.66
42 553.59 233.46
43 560.65 240.54
44 567.44 247.88
45 573.95 255.47
46 580.17 263.30
47 586.09 271.36
48 591.70 279.64
49 597.00 288.12
50 601.97 296.80
51 606.61 305.66
52 610.91 314.68
53 614.87 323.87
54 617.01 329.41
Circle Center At X = 369.8 ; Y = 424.0 and Radius, 264.7
*** 2.658 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 54 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 183.33 236.04
2 190.41 228.98
3 197.75 222.19
4 205.36 215.70
5 213.21 209.51
V:nash exp.OUT Page 11
6 221.30 203.63
7 229.61 198.07
8 238.14 192.84
9 246.86 187.94
10 255.76 183.40
11 264.84 179.20
12 274.07 175.36
13 283.45 171.89
14 292.96 168.78
15 302.58 166.05
16 312.30 163.70
17 322.10 161.73
18 331.97 160.14
19 341.90 158.94
20 351.87 158.13
21 361.86 157.71
22 371.86 157.68
23 381.85 158.04
24 391.82 158.79
25 401.76 159.94
26 411.64 161.46
27 421.46 163.38
28 431.19 165.67
29 440.82 168.35
30 450.35 171.40
31 459.75 174.82
32 469.00 178.60
33 478.10 182.75
34 487.04 187.24
35 495.79 192.08
36 504.34 197.26
37 512.68 202.77
38 520.81 208.61
39 528.70 214.75
40 536.34 221.20
41 543.72 227.94
42 550.84 234.97
43 557.67 242.27
44 564.22 249.83
45 570.46 257.64
46 576.40 265.69
47 582.01 273.96
48 587.30 282.45
49 592.25 291.14
50 596.86 300.01
51 601.12 309.06
52 605.02 318.27
53 608.55 327.62
54 608.97 328.86
Circle Center At X = 367.6 ; Y = 413.4 and Radius, 255.7
*** 2.702 ***
Failure Surface Specified By 56 Coordinate Points
Point X-Surf Y-Surf
No. (ft) (ft)
1 166.67 236.63
2 173.75 229.57
3 181.09 222.78
4 188.67 216.27
5 196.50 210.04
6 204.54 204.10
7 212.81 198.47
8 221.27 193.14
9 229.93 188.14
10 238.76 183.45
11 247.77 179.10
12 256.93 175.09
13 266.23 171.42
14 275.66 168.09
15 285.21 165.12
16 294.86 162.50
V:nash exp.OUT Page 12
17 304.60 160.24
18 314.42 158.35
19 324.30 156.82
20 334.23 155.65
21 344.20 154.86
22 354.19 154.44
23 364.19 154.38
24 374.19 154.70
25 384.16 155.39
26 394.11 156.44
27 404.01 157.87
28 413.84 159.66
29 423.61 161.81
30 433.29 164.33
31 442.87 167.20
32 452.33 170.42
33 461.67 174.00
34 470.87 177.91
35 479.92 182.17
36 488.81 186.76
37 497.52 191.67
38 506.04 196.90
39 514.36 202.45
40 522.47 208.30
41 530.36 214.44
42 538.01 220.88
43 545.43 227.59
44 552.58 234.58
45 559.48 241.82
46 566.10 249.32
47 572.43 257.05
48 578.48 265.02
49 584.23 273.20
50 589.67 281.59
51 594.79 290.18
52 599.60 298.95
53 604.07 307.89
54 608.21 316.99
55 612.01 326.24
56 613.08 329.14
Circle Center At X = 360.6 ; Y = 424.1 and Radius, 269.7
*** 2.705 ***

Operation Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
and Horizontal Expansion

October 2016

1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
NC FIRM C-2910

This page intentionally left blank
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

i

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
2.0 CONTACT INFORMATION ....................................................................................... 1
3.0 HOURS OF OPERATION ......................................................................................... 1
4.0 OPERATIONAL DRAWINGS .................................................................................... 1
5.0 WASTE ACCEPTANCE AND DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS ................................... 1
5.1 AREAS OF SERVICE ............................................................................................ 2
5.2 ACCEPTABLE WASTE ......................................................................................... 2
5.3 PROHIBITED WASTE ........................................................................................... 3
6.0 WASTE SCREENING ............................................................................................... 4
6.1 TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION OF WASTE SCREENING PERSONNEL .... 4
6.2 NON-DOCUMENTED WASTE SCREENING ........................................................ 5
6.3 DOCUMENTED RANDOM LOAD WASTE SCREENING ..................................... 5
6.4 CONTINGENCY PLAN .......................................................................................... 7
6.5 WASTE SCREENING RECORD KEEPING .......................................................... 7
7.0 ACCESS AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS .............................................................. 8
7.1 LANDFILL SECURITY ........................................................................................... 8
7.2 LANDFILL OPERATOR ......................................................................................... 8
7.3 ACCESS ROADS .................................................................................................. 9
7.4 ENTRANCE SIGNAGE .......................................................................................... 9
7.5 TRAFFIC SIGNAGE .............................................................................................. 9
7.6 DUST CONTROL .................................................................................................. 9
8.0 DISEASE VECTOR CONTROL ................................................................................ 9
9.0 AIR CRITERIA AND FIRE CONTROL .................................................................... 10
9.1 STATUTORY REQUIREMENT ............................................................................ 10
9.2 OPEN BURNING ................................................................................................. 10
9.3 FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT ............................................................................ 10
9.4 REPORTING ....................................................................................................... 10
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

ii

10.0 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL REQUIREMENTS ....................... 11
11.0 LANDFILL OPERATIONS ..................................................................................... 11
11.1 INITIAL WASTE PLACEMENT .......................................................................... 11
11.2 WORKING FACE ............................................................................................... 11
11.3 SPREADING AND COMPACTING REQUIREMENTS ...................................... 12
11.4 SPECIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT ................................................................... 13
11.5 YARD WASTE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................ 13
11.6 WHITE GOODS MANAGEMENT ...................................................................... 14
11.7 WASTE TIRES .................................................................................................. 14
11.8 COVER MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................. 14
11.9 DRAINAGE CONTROL AND WATER PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS ......... 15
11.10 SEVERE WEATHER CONDITIONS ................................................................ 16
11.10.1 ICE STORMS ............................................................................................ 16
11.10.2 HEAVY RAINS .......................................................................................... 16
11.10.3 ELECTRICAL STORMS ............................................................................ 16
11.10.4 WINDY CONDITIONS ............................................................................... 17
11.10.5 VIOLENT STORMS .................................................................................. 17
11.11 SURVEY FOR COMPLIANCE ......................................................................... 17
12.0 OPERATING RECORD AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS .................. 17
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A – WASTE SCREENING FORM; FIRE OCCURRENCE NOTIFICATION
FORM
APPENDIX B – WHITE GOODS PLAN

OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 1 of 18
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The owner and operator of any C&DLF unit must maintain and operate the unit in
accordance with the operation plan. This Operation Plan is to provide guidance to the
Operator going forward during operation of the expanded Facility.
This Operations Manual was prepared for operations of the Nash County C&D Landfill
facility (Permit No. 6403 CDLF). This document discusses the operation of the following:
• LCID Processing Area.
• C&D Landfill.
2.0 CONTACT INFORMATION
Nash County (County, Owner, or Operator) owns and operates the Construction and
Demolition Landfill Facility (C&DLF or Facility. The Owner’s contact information is as
follows:
Landfilll Site Nash County Health Department
3057 Duke Road PO Box 849
Nashville, N.C. 27856 Nashville, N.C. 27856
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Emergency Response
Castalia Volunteer Fire Department
11065 Lancaster Store Rd.
Castalia, NC 27816
Phone: [phone]
For fire or police emergencies, dial 911.
3.0 HOURS OF OPERATION
The operating hours of the facility are anticipated to be Monday through Friday from 8:00
a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
4.0 OPERATIONAL DRAWINGS
Drawings illustrating the operation of the Horizontal Expansion of the Nash County C&D
Landfill are shown on the Facility Plan presented in the Engineering Drawings.
5.0 WASTE ACCEPTANCE AND DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS
A C&DLF must accept only those solid wastes it is permitted to receive. The landfill owner
or operator must notify the Division within 24 hours of attempted disposal of any waste
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 2 of 18
the C&DLF is not permitted to receive, including waste from outside the area the landfill
is permitted to serve.
5.1 AREAS OF SERVICE
The Nash County C&D Landfill will only accept for disposal wastes generated within
approved areas of service which includes:
• Nash County
The landfill owner or operator must notify the Division within 24 hours of attempted
disposal of waste from outside the area the landfill is permitted to serve.
5.2 ACCEPTABLE WASTE
A C&DLF must accept only those solid wastes it is permitted to receive. Acceptable
waste for the Nash County C&D Landfill includes:
• Construction and Demolition Debris Waste: (Waste or debris from construction,
remodeling, repair, or demolition operations on pavement or other structures,
untreated and unpainted wood).
• Inert Debris Waste: (Concrete, brick, concrete block, uncontaminated soils and
rock, etc.).
• Land Clearing Debris: as defined by G.S. 120A-290, specifically, waste that is
generated solely from land-clearing activities, such as stumps, trees, etc.
• Asphalt: In accordance with G.S. 130-294 (m), demolition debris consisting of
used asphalt or used asphalt mixed with dirt, sand, gravel, rock, concrete, or
similar nonhazardous material may be used as fill and need not be disposed of
in a permitted landfill or solid waste disposal facility. Such demolition debris
may not be placed in the waters of the State or at or below the seasonal high
water table.
• Other Wastes as Approved by the Solid Waste Section of the Division of Waste
Management.
• Asbestos waste: Managed in accordance with 40 CFR 61, which is hereby
incorporated by reference including any subsequent amendments and
additions. Copies of 40 CFR 61 are available for inspection at the Department
of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Waste Management. The
regulated asbestos waste must be covered immediately with soil in a manner
that will not cause airborne conditions and must be disposed of separate and
apart from other solid wastes, as follows:
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 3 of 18
A. in a defined isolated area within the footprint of the landfill, or
B. in an area not contiguous with other disposal areas. Separate areas
must be designated so that asbestos is not exposed by future land-
disturbing activities.
5.3 PROHIBITED WASTE
The following wastes must not be disposed of in the C&DLF unit:
(1) Containers such as tubes, drums, barrels, tanks, cans, and bottles unless they
are empty and perforated to ensure that no liquid, hazardous or municipal solid
waste is contained therein,
(2) Garbage as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(7),
(3) Hazardous waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(8), to also include hazardous
waste from conditionally exempt small quantity generators,
(4) Industrial solid waste unless a demonstration has been made and approved by
the Division that the landfill meets the requirements of Rule .0503(2)(d)(ii)(A),
(5) Liquid wastes,
(6) Medical waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(17a),
(7) Municipal solid waste as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(18a),
(8) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) wastes as defined in 40 CFR 761,
(9) Radioactive waste as defined in G.S. 104E-5(14),
(10) Septage as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(32),
(11) Sludge as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(34),
(12) Special wastes as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(40),
(13) White goods as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(44), and
(14) Yard trash as defined in G.S. 130A-290(a)(45),
(15) The following wastes cannot be received if separate from C&DLF waste: lamps
or bulbs including but not limited to halogen, incandescent, neon or fluorescent;
lighting ballast or fixtures; thermostats and light switches; batteries including
but not limited to those from exit and emergency lights and smoke detectors;
lead pipes; lead roof flashing; transformers; capacitors; and copper chrome
arsenate (CCA) and creosote treated woods.
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 4 of 18
(16) Waste accepted for disposal in a C&DLF unit must be readily identifiable as
C&D waste and must not have been shredded, pulverized, or processed to
such an extent that the composition of the original waste cannot be readily
ascertained except as specified in Subparagraph (17) of this Paragraph.
(17) C&D waste that has been shredded, pulverized or otherwise processed may
be accepted for disposal from a facility that has received a permit from an
authorized regulatory authority which specifies such activities are inspected by
the authority, and whose primary purpose is recycling and reuse of the C&D
material. A waste screening plan and waste acceptance plan must be made
available to the Division upon request.
(18) The owner or operator of a C&DLF must not knowingly dispose any type or
form of C&D waste that is generated within the boundaries of a unit of local
government that by ordinance:
(A) Prohibits generators or collectors of C&D waste from disposing that type
or form of C&D waste.
(B) Requires generators or collectors of C&D waste to recycle that type or
form of C&D waste.
(19) Wastewater treatment sludge. Wastewater treatment sludge must not be
accepted for disposal. Wastewater treatment sludge may be accepted, with
the approval of the Division, for utilization as a soil conditioner and incorporated
into or applied onto the vegetative growth layer. The wastewater treatment
sludge must neither be applied at greater than agronomic rates nor to a depth
greater than six inches.
The landfill owner or operator must notify the Division within 24 hours of attempted
disposal of any waste the C&DLF is not permitted to receive.
6.0 WASTE SCREENING
6.1 TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION OF WASTE SCREENING PERSONNEL
Waste screening personnel trained in the following areas:
• methods for identification and determination of prohibited wastes, including, but
not limited to, regulated hazardous waste, liquid waste, PCBs and banned
items.
• handling procedures for prohibited wastes,
• record keeping requirements of the program, and
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 5 of 18
• occupational health and safety.
Documentation of training procedures should include:
1. Date of training
2. A statement asserting that the training included:
A. Recognition of regulated hazardous waste, liquid waste, PCBs and
banned items.
B. Hazardous waste safety precautions as required by the hazardous
waste contingency plan.
3. Written acknowledgement of training by facility personnel.
6.2 NON-DOCUMENTED WASTE SCREENING
Non-documented waste screening to ensure that hazardous or unacceptable wastes
are not disposed in the landfill will be the responsibility of all employees. Each
employee will observe vehicles entering the Facility for any potentially prohibited
waste and will alert management personnel if any prohibited wastes are suspected.
Non-documented waste screening for incoming loads of waste shall be accomplished
as follows:
• Facility Entrance – Only authorized vehicles and material will be allowed
beyond the scales. The scale attendant will refuse entry to any prohibited
vehicles or vehicles observed carrying prohibited waste.
• Waste Discharge Checkpoints – All incoming loads of waste will be observed
by the Facility operators as it is discharged from the waste transport vehicle.
• Active Face Checkpoints – Material will be inspected by the landfill operations
equipment operator(s) as it is incorporated and compacted at the active face.
6.3 DOCUMENTED RANDOM LOAD WASTE SCREENING
In addition to non-documented waste screening performed by the equipment
operator/attendants, a documented random load waste screening program shall be
implemented to detect and prevent disposal of any of the prohibited wastes listed in
previously. Random load waste screening Inspections conducted as part of this
program shall be performed by personnel trained in the following areas:
• methods for identification and determination of prohibited wastes,
• handling procedures for prohibited wastes,
• record keeping requirements of the program, and
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 6 of 18
• occupational health and safety.
The frequency of the random inspections shall be determined by the quantity and type
of waste received, the familiarity with the generators and/or transporters, and the
occurrences of identified prohibited waste. Inspections should be performed at least
once per week. In order for the waste screening inspections to be random, the time
of day, day of week, and transporter/hauler selected for inspection shall also vary
between inspections. The procedure for the random load waste screening shall be as
follows:
• Stop the selected vehicle prior to the working face of the landfill.
• Notify the driver of the inspection.
• Direct the vehicle to the inspection area. The inspection area may be either
a permanently designated location or a temporary location adjacent to the
working face.
• If possible, perform a visual observation of the waste prior to unloading. If
prohibited waste is observed, or suspected, the vehicle shall be prohibited
from unloading, and shall be directed out of the facility.
• If no prohibited waste is observed or suspected from the visual observation,
or if a visual observation is not possible, the vehicle shall discharge the load
at the inspection area. The driver shall remain at the inspection area while
the inspection is performed, unless a safety concern requires evacuation of
the area. Equipment shall be used to spread and turn the waste to facilitate
a visual observation of the load contents. If no prohibited waste is identified,
the waste shall be transferred to the working face for disposal.
• If prohibited waste is identified in the load, and the prohibited waste is not a
regulated hazardous waste, a regulated medical waste, a regulated toxic
waste, a regulated liquid waste, or a waste which requires special handling,
the waste shall be loaded back into the vehicle and removed from the
facility.
• If acceptability of the waste cannot be determined by visual observation, the
waste can either be rejected and loaded back into the vehicle and removed
from the facility, or samples of the waste can be taken to determine
acceptability. Testing shall be selected based on the reason for the
suspicion of unacceptability.
• If the waste is suspected of being a liquid waste, a regulated hazardous
waste, a regulated medical waste, or a regulated toxic waste, site personnel
OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 7 of 18
will safely identify the nature of the prohibited waste. Wastes within these
categories are not to be handled by landfill staff. Upon assessment of the
waste, qualified contractors will be contacted to provide direction for
temporary handling, isolation, and security. Within 24 hours of discovery,
the Facility will orally inform NCDENR Division of Waste Management
(Division) of the incident and make every effort to contact a waste contractor
for the proper packaging, removal, and disposal of the prohibited waste.
The Division will be informed in writing of the incident and steps taken to
properly dispose of the prohibited waste.
• Complete the waste screening form and place in the operating record.
6.4 CONTINGENCY PLAN
In the event that identifiable hazardous waste or waste of questionable character is
detected at the landfill, appropriate equipment, protective gear, personnel, and
materials as necessary will be employed to isolate the wastes. The DWM will be
notified immediately that an attempt was made to dispose of hazardous waste at the
landfill. If the vehicle attempting disposal of such waste is known, all attempts will be
made to prevent that vehicle from leaving the site or, if the vehicle has left the site,
immediate notice will be served on the owner of the vehicle that hazardous waste, for
which they have responsibility, has been disposed of at the landfill.
Nash County C&D Landfill will assist the DWM as necessary and appropriate in the
removal and disposition of the hazardous waste and in the prosecution of responsible
parties. If needed, the hazardous waste will be covered with either on-site soils or
other tarping material until such time when an appropriate method can be
implemented to properly handle the waste. The cost of the removal and disposing of
the hazardous waste will be charged to the owner of the vehicle involved. Any vehicle
owner or operator who knowingly dumps hazardous waste in the landfill may be barred
from using the landfill. Should an incident where hazardous waste is found at the
landfill occur, the event will be documented by landfill staff using the waste screening
form provided in Appendix A.
Records of information gathered as part of the waste screening programs will be
maintained at the landfill site during its active life and as long as required by Nash
County C&D Landfill and the DWM.
6.5 WASTE SCREENING RECORD KEEPING
The following records must be maintained in the operating record:
• Training Certification recognized and approved by the Department, for all
applicable personnel. Outline of training of each facility personnel to
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recognize liquid waste, hazardous waste, PCB waste, and banned items.
The operating record should include the following documentation of training:
(A) Date(s) of training.
(B) A statement asserting that the training includes:
1. Recognition of regulated hazardous waste, liquid waste, PCB
waste and banned items.
2. Hazardous waste safety precautions as required by the
hazardous waste contingency plan.
(C) Written acknowledgment of training by all facility personnel.
• Waste screening forms.
• Records of unacceptable waste to include:
(A) waste quantity, description, and generator information;
(B) the state and county in which the solid waste originated; and,
(C) the transporters of waste;
(D) action(s) taken to protect health and the environment;
• All correspondence with haulers and generators regarding load inspections
and suspect waste.
• All correspondence with the Department regarding receiving of wastes not
specifically allowed by the permit.
7.0 ACCESS AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
7.1 LANDFILL SECURITY
The C&DLF must be adequately secured by means of gates, chains, berms, fences
and other security measures approved by the Division to prevent unauthorized entry.
The facility is secured by a locking gate at the entrance and fences and natural barriers
along the facility boundary.
7.2 LANDFILL OPERATOR
In accordance with G.S. 130A-309.25, an individual trained in landfill operations must
be on duty at the site while the facility is open for public use and at all times during
active waste management operations to ensure compliance with operational
requirements. Proof of operator training must be available during inspection.
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7.3 ACCESS ROADS
The access road through the facility to the landfill and access roads to monitoring
locations are constructed to provide all-weather traffic. Internal roads are maintained
in good condition to provide operation in all-weather scenarios. Access roads will be
graded for positive drainage. To not impound water, depressions or potholes occurring
shall be addressed swiftly by grading or application of additional stone as necessary
to achieve positive drainage off the road.
The location of access roads during waste placement will be determined by operations
personnel in order to reflect waste placement strategy.
7.4 ENTRANCE SIGNAGE
A sign is located at the Facility entrance containing the hours during which the site is
open for public use, the permit number, a list of prohibited wastes such as liquid,
hazardous and municipal solid waste as being excluded from the C&DLF unit, and
other pertinent information specified in the permit conditions.
7.5 TRAFFIC SIGNAGE
Signs are positioned at the Facility providing information on disposal procedures and
directions to and from the Yard Waste Management Area, White Goods Area, and
C&D landfill Working face. The use of portable signs with directional arrows and
portable traffic barricades will facilitate the unloading of wastes to the designated
disposal locations. These signs and barricades will be placed along the access route
to the working face of the landfill or other designated disposal areas which may be
established. Speed limits are posted throughout the access road to the disposal unit.
7.6 DUST CONTROL
Operations shall endeavor to maintain internal roads free of dust. Typically, a road
truck with rear mounted water tank will be used.
8.0 DISEASE VECTOR CONTROL
Owners and operators of all C&DLF units must prevent or control on-site populations of
disease vectors using techniques appropriate for the protection of human health and the
environment. For purposes of this item, "disease vectors" means any rodents, flies,
mosquitoes, or other animals or insects, capable of transmitting disease to humans.
The Operator will endeavor to prevent and control on-site populations of disease vectors
such as rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or other animals or insects, using techniques
appropriate for the protection of human health and the environment. Specifically, the
Operator will:
• Prevent depressions or low areas susceptible to ponding of water;
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• Store scrap tires directly in trailers;
• Provide adequate cover to the disposal units.
9.0 AIR CRITERIA AND FIRE CONTROL
9.1 STATUTORY REQUIREMENT
Owners and operators of all C&DLF units must ensure that the units do not violate any
applicable requirements developed under a State Implementation Plan (SIP)
approved or promulgated by the U.S. EPA Administrator pursuant to Section 110 of
the Clean Air Act, as amended.
9.2 OPEN BURNING
Except for burning of land clearing debris generated on-site or debris from emergency
clean-up operations, when approved, open burning of solid waste at C&DLF facility
will not occur.
When and if the Operator wishes to burn, prior to any burning a request shall be
submitted to the Division for review. The Division will determine the burning to be
approved if it is one of the two types of burning as referenced in this subparagraph. A
notation of the date of approval and the name of the Division personnel who approved
the burning will be included in the Operating Record.
9.3 FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
The Owner shall provide equipment to control accidental fires; the equipment is
available at the site at all times. The Facility typically has a road truck with water
tanker available and fire extinguishers are provided in all equipment and occupied
facilities.
Once approved, a copy of the Operations Plan will be filed with the local fire
department including all contact information for the facility.
9.4 REPORTING
The Owner shall notify the Division within 24 hours in the event of a fire or explosion
and provide written notification within 15 days. The Owner will evaluate the cause
and circumstances of the event. Written notification to the Division shall include details
of the occurrence, the suspected cause of fire or explosion, the response taken to
manage the incident, and the action(s) to be taken to prevent the future occurrence of
fire or explosion. A copy of the FIRE OCCURRENCE NOTIFICATION form is included
in the Appendix.
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10.0 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL REQUIREMENTS
Adequate sediment control measures consisting of vegetative cover, materials, structures
or devices must be utilized to prevent sediment from leaving the C&DLF facility.
Erosion control measures shall include, but not be limited to the following:
(A) Disturbing as little area as practical at any one time for landfilling operations.
(B) Seeding and mulching of all disturbed areas commencing as soon as practically
possible. Employing erosion netting or sod on steep slopes and other erosion
prone areas.
(C) Use of earthen berms, hay bales, silt fences, riprap or equivalent devices down-
gradient of disturbed areas, stockpiles, around drainage pipes inlets and outlets
and at intervals along grassed waterways, until such time as permanent
vegetation is established.
(D) Placement of riprap at the outlets of storm water piping sedimentation pond
discharge pipes.
Provisions for a vegetative ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion must be
accomplished as directed by appropriate state or local agency upon completion of any
phase of C&DLF development consistent with Rule .0543(c)(5).
11.0 LANDFILL OPERATIONS
Loads identified at the scalehouse to contain C&D will be directed to the C&D landfill
working face.
11.1 INITIAL WASTE PLACEMENT
Nash County anticipates constructing the Horizontal Expansion of the Nash County
C&D Landfill in multiple phases. The first phase of construction for the Horizontal
Expansion of the Nash County C&D Landfill will consist of Phase 4 as shown on the
Facility Plan in the Engineering Drawings. Development of subsequent phases is
anticipated to be sequential as shown on the Facility Plan.
11.2 WORKING FACE
The width and length of the working face will be maintained as small as practical in
order to maintain the appearance of the site, control windblown waste, and minimize
the amount of cover required each day. Normally, only one working face will be active
on any given day, with all deposited waste in other areas covered by either periodic,
intermediate, or final cover, as appropriate.
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The approach to the working face will be maintained such that two or more vehicles
may safely unload side by side. A vehicle turn-around area large enough to enable
vehicles to arrive and turn around safely with reasonable speed will be provided
adjacent to the unloading area.
Waste transportation vehicles will arrive at the working face at random intervals.
Personnel will direct traffic necessary to expedite safe movement of vehicles. There
may be a number of vehicles unloading waste at the same time, while other vehicles
are waiting. In order to maintain control over the unloading of waste, a certain number
of vehicles will be allowed on the working face at a time. The actual number will be
determined by the truck spotter. This procedure will be used in order to minimize the
potential of unloading unacceptable waste and to control disposal activity. Operations
at the working face will be conducted in a manner which will encourage the efficient
movement of transportation vehicles to and from the working face, and to expedite the
unloading of waste.
The vehicles will back to a vacant area near the working face to unload. Upon
completion of the unloading operation, the transportation vehicles will immediately
leave the working face area.
The general public is prohibited from removal activities on the working face. In
addition, landfill staff will not remove waste (for recycling or recovery) at the working
face.
11.3 SPREADING AND COMPACTING REQUIREMENTS
The Owner of the C&DLF shall comply with spreading and compacting requirements
as follows:
(1) C&DLF units must restrict solid waste into the smallest area feasible.
(2) Solid waste must be compacted as densely as practical into cells.
(3) Appropriate methods such as fencing and diking must be provided within
the area to confine solid waste which is subject to be blown by the wind. At
the conclusion of each operating day, all windblown material resulting from
the operation must be collected and disposed of by the owner and operator.
The Owner will make available durable equipment that performs reliably and safely
with a minimum unscheduled service, equipment to provide suitable material handling
capability and compaction for the given waste volumes anticipated. At minimum, one
(1) 70,000-pound plus machine with a waste handling arrangement and toothed
compactor wheels will be available at the working face at all times.
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The procedures for placement and compaction of solid waste include: unloading of
vehicles, spreading of waste into 2 foot lifts, and compaction on relatively flat slopes
(i.e. 5H:1V max.) using a landfill compactor and a minimum number of three full
passes.
11.4 SPECIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
Nash County C&D Landfill may dispose of asbestos within the C&D landfill unit.
Asbestos will only be accepted if it has been processed and packaged in accordance
with State and Federal (40 CFR 61) regulations. Asbestos will arrive at the site in
vehicles that contain only the asbestos waste and only after advance notification by
the generator.
Once the hauler brings the asbestos to the landfill, the hauler will be directed to the
designated asbestos disposal area by operations personnel. The designated disposal
area will be prepared by operations personnel by leveling a small area using a dozer
or loader. Prior to disposal, the landfill operators will stockpile cover soil near the
designated asbestos disposal area. The volume of soil stockpiled will be sufficient to
cover the waste and to provide any berms, etc. to maintain temporary separation from
other landfill traffic.
Once placed in the prepared area, the asbestos waste will be covered with a minimum
of 18 inches of cover soil placed in a single lift. The surface of the cover soil will be
compacted and graded using a tracked dozer or loader. The landfill compactor will be
prohibited from operating over asbestos disposal areas until at least 18 inches of cover
are in-place.
The landfill staff will record the approximate location and elevation of the asbestos
waste once cover is in-place. The Landfill Manager will then review pertinent disposal
and location information to assure compliance with regulatory requirements and enter
the information into the Operating Record.
Once disposal and recording for asbestos waste is completed, the disposal area may
be covered with waste. No excavation into designated asbestos disposal areas will be
permitted.
11.5 YARD WASTE MANAGEMENT
Nash County accepts yard waste at the designated Yard Waste Management Area
indicated on the overall facility plan in the Engineering Drawings. The yard waste
material accepted by Nash County consists primarily of tree debris and land clearing
debris. High nitrogen yard waste such as grass clippings, leaves, and bush trimmings,
while accepted at the Nash County Landfill, represents an insignificant portion of the
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waste stream, and is distributed throughout the yard waste stockpiles. Composting of
yard waste is not performed at the Nash County Landfill.
Nash County contracts grinding services as necessary to maintain stockpiles no larger
than 30 feet high and 50 feet wide of unlimited length. Ground materials are also
maintained in stockpiles no larger than 30 feet high and 50 feet wide of unlimited
length. A minimum of 20 feet shall be maintained between individual stockpiles to
facility firefighting equipment access. Stockpiles are managed to not create excessive
temperatures, attract vectors, or produce objectionable odors.
Ground yard waste materials are offered not offered to the public. Ground materials
are sold for boiler fuel as market conditions permit.
11.6 WHITE GOODS MANAGEMENT
Nash County accepts white goods at the designated white goods area indicated on
the overall facility plan in the Engineering Drawings. Nash County’s White Goods
Plan is included in Appendix B.
11.7 WASTE TIRES
Nash County accepts waste tires at the designated area indicated on the overall
facility plan in the Engineering Drawings.
11.8 COVER MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
The Owner of the C&DLF shall comply with cover material requirements as follows:
(1) Except as provided in Subparagraph (3) of this Paragraph, the owners and
operators of all C&DLF units must cover the solid waste with six inches of
earthen material when the waste disposal area exceeds one-half acre and at
least once weekly. Cover must be placed at more frequent intervals if
necessary to control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and
scavenging. A notation of the date and time of the cover placement must be
recorded in the operating record as specified in Paragraph (n) of this Rule.
(2) Except as provided in Subparagraph (3) of this Paragraph, areas which will not
have additional wastes placed on them for three months or more, but where
final termination of disposal operations has not occurred, must be covered and
stabilized with vegetative ground cover or other stabilizing material.
(3) Alternative materials or an alternative thickness of cover may be approved by
the Division if the owner or operator demonstrates that the alternative material
or thickness controls disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and
scavenging without presenting a threat to human health and the environment.
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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A C&DLF owner or operator may apply for approval of an alternative cover
material. If approval is given by the Division, approval would extend to all
C&DLF units at one specific facility.
Nash County plans to utilize Alternative Daily Cover (ADC) consisting of
Soil/Mulch Mixture (S&M) mixed at a ratio 50% soil to 50% mulch by volume
per DENR guidance document “APPROVED ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER
MATERIALS FOR USE AT SANITARY LANDFILLS”, Document Number
20365, dated January 7, 2014. Specifically:
1. S&M can be mixed at a ratio from 80% soil to 20% mulch up to 50% soil
to 50% mulch by volume.
2. During the use of S&M as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches
shall be applied once per week.
3. S&M may not be used for intermediate cover.
A copy of the APPROVED ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER MATERIALS
FOR USE AT SANITARY LANDFILLS”, Document Number 20365,
dated January 7, 2014 shall be placed in the operating record.
11.9 DRAINAGE CONTROL AND WATER PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS
Drainage control and water protection at the facility will consist of the following:
(1) Surface water must be diverted from the operational area.
(2) Surface water must not be impounded over or in waste.
(3) Solid waste must not be disposed of in water.
(4) Leachate must be contained on-site or treated prior to discharge. An
NPDES permit may be required prior to the discharge of leachate to surface
waters.
(5) C&DLF units must not:
(A) Cause a discharge of pollutants into waters of the United States,
including wetlands, that violates any requirements of the Clean
Water Act, including the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) requirements, pursuant to Section 402.
(B) Cause the discharge of a nonpoint source of pollution to waters of
the United States, including wetlands, that violates any requirement
of an area-wide or State-wide water quality management plan that
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AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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has been approved under Section 208 or 319 of the Clean Water Act,
as amended.
Waste placement will be performed in a planned sequence to divert stormwater from
the operational area (working face) and so that stormwater shall not be impounded in
the waste or over any covered area. Depressions in the waste mass shall be
addressed with placement of additional cover soil.
The design for the Nash County C&DLF and Horizontal Expansion includes drainage
ditches as well as four sediment control ponds which are designed to capture
sediment laden runoff from unstablized landfill areas prior to discharge to surrounding
discharge features.
Runoff from areas with well-established vegetation are not required to be routed
through the sediment control ponds.
11.10 SEVERE WEATHER CONDITIONS
Unusual weather conditions can directly affect the operation of the landfill facility.
Some of these weather conditions and recommended operational responses are as
follows.
11.10.1 ICE STORMS
An ice storm can make access to the landfill dangerous, prevent movement or
placement of daily cover, and, thus, may require closure of the landfill until the ice
is removed or has melted.
11.10.2 HEAVY RAINS
Exposed soil surfaces can create a muddy situation in some portions of the landfill
during rainy periods. The control of drainage and use of crushed stone on unpaved
roads should provide all-weather access for the site and promote drainage away
from critical areas. In areas where the aggregate surface is washed away or
otherwise damaged, new aggregate should be used for repair.
Intense rains can affect newly constructed drainage structures such as swales,
diversions, cover soils, and vegetation. After such a rain event, inspection by
landfill personnel will be initiated and corrective measures taken to repair any
damage found before the next rainfall.
11.10.3 ELECTRICAL STORMS
The open area of a landfill is susceptible to the hazards of an electrical storm. If
necessary, landfilling activities will be temporarily suspended during such an event.
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To guarantee the safety of all field personnel, refuge will be taken in the on-site
buildings or in rubber-tired vehicles.
11.10.4 WINDY CONDITIONS
Wind screens adjacent to the working face may be used as required to control
windblown waste.
11.10.5 VIOLENT STORMS
In the event of hurricane, tornado, or severe winter storm warning issued by the
National Weather Service, landfill operations may be temporarily suspended until
the warning is lifted. Daily cover will be placed on exposed waste and buildings
and equipment will be properly secured.
11.11 SURVEY FOR COMPLIANCE
Within 60 days of the permittee's receipt of the Division's written request, the permittee
must cause to be conducted a survey of active or closed portions of unit or units at the
facility in order to determine whether operations are being conducted in accordance
with the approved design and operational plans. The permittee must report the results
of such survey, including a map produced by the survey, to the Division within 90 days
of receipt of the Division's request.
(1) A survey shall be required by the Division:
(A) If there is reason to believe that operations are being conducted in
a manner that deviates from the plan listed in the effective permit,
or;
(B) As a verification that operations are being conducted in accordance
with the plan listed in the effective permit.
(2) Any survey performed pursuant to this Paragraph must be performed by
a registered land surveyor duly authorized under North Carolina law to
conduct such activities
12.0 OPERATING RECORD AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS
The Owner, at a minimum, shall comply with the following recordkeeping requirements:
(1) The owner and operator of a C&DLF unit must record and retain at the facility,
or in an alternative location near the facility, the following information:
(A) records of random waste inspections, monitoring results,
certifications of training, and training procedures required by Rule
.0544 of this Section;
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(B) amounts by weight of solid waste received at the facility to include,
consistent with G.S. 130A-309.09D, county of generation;
(C) any demonstration, certification, finding, monitoring, testing, or
analytical data required by Rules .0544 through .0545 of this
Section;
(D) any closure or post-closure monitoring, testing, or analytical data
as required by Rule .0543 of this Section;
(E) any cost estimates and financial assurance documentation
required by Rule .0546 of this Section;
(F) notation of date and time of placement of cover material; and
(G) all audit records, compliance records and inspection reports.
(3) All information contained in the operating record must be furnished to the
Division according to the permit or upon request, or be made available for
inspection by the Division.
(4) The Operating Record must also include:
(A) A copy of the approved Operation Plan required by this Rule and
the engineering plan required by Rule .0539 of this Section;
(B) A copy of the current Permit to Construct and Permit to Operate;
and
(C) The Monitoring Plan, in accordance with Rule .0544 of this
Section, included as appendices to the Operation Plan.
(D) A copy of the document “APPROVED ALTERNATIVE DAILY
COVER MATERIALS FOR USE AT SANITARY LANDFILLS”,
Document Number 20365, dated January 7, 2014.

OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

APPENDIX A
WASTE SCREENING FORM
FIRE NOTIFICATION FORM

OPERATION PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

APPENDIX B
WHITE GOODS PLAN
1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1676
Telephone: [phone] Internet: http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sw
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer – Printed on Dual Purpose Paper

North Carolina Department Of Environment And Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section

APPROVED ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER MATERIALS
FOR USE AT SANITARY LANDFILLS

Date of Issue: January 7, 2014
Document Number 20365

NOTICE
This is a guidance document developed to assist landfills in the selection and use of alternative daily cover
materials. It should not be interpreted as a replacement to North Carolina General Statutes or Administrative
Code. DENR officials may determine that the guidance is not applicable based on site specific conditions.
DENR reserves the right to change this guidance at any time without public notice.

Guidance Document History
Date Document Number Revision
January 7, 2014 20365 Original Issue

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1
Regulatory Authority and Interpretation ............................................................................. 1
Implementation .................................................................................................................... 2
Compliance ........................................................................................................................... 3
Approved Alternative Daily Cover Material Detail Sheets
Automotive Shredder Residuals ................................................................................ 4
Combustion Residuals ............................................................................................... 5
Construction & Demolition Debris Fines .................................................................. 6
Petroleum Contaminated Soils ................................................................................. 7
Spray-applied Mortar Coating ................................................................................... 8
Foam Coating ............................................................................................................. 9
Foundry Sand ............................................................................................................ 10
Soil/Mulch Mixture .................................................................................................... 11
Synthetic Tarps ......................................................................................................... 12

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January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
INTRODUCTION
During the 2013 session of the North Carolina General Assembly, Session Law 2013-413 was passed
which amended North Carolina General Statute (NCGS) 130A-295.6 concerning the use of alternative
cover materials (ACM) as daily cover at sanitary landfills. The statute states that once an ACM has
been approved for use by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) at any
sanitary landfill in North Carolina, it may be used at all sanitary landfills within the state.
The Solid Waste Section (Section) of the NCDENR Division of Waste Management prepared this
guidance document to assist the regulated community in the implementation of the statue. Section
staff developed an inventory of ACM approved for use in North Carolina and the summarized the
approved operational conditions and application processes for use of the ACM. This information,
along with instructions on how to add the use of previously approved ACM to a sanitary landfill
operation and permit, is provided.

REGULATORY AUTHORITY AND INTERPRETATION
Industrial waste landfills (IndLF), construction and demolition solid waste landfills (C&DLF), and
municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLF) are all considered sanitary landfills by North Carolina statutes
and rules.
Previously there was no statutory language regarding daily cover, alternative daily cover or
alternative cover materials. However, cover requirements and alternatives based on specific types of
sanitary landfills were addressed in the Solid Waste Management Rules - Title 15A Chapter 13, Sub-
chapter B of the North Carolina Administrative Code (15A NCAC 13B). The following rule references
provide the current requirements which can affect the use of an ACM at a specific type of sanitary
landfill.
Industrial waste landfills are permitted and operated under Sections .0503, .0504, .0505 and .0510 of
the NCAC.
 Part .0505(3)(a) specifically states: Solid waste shall be covered after each day of operation,
with a compacted layer of at least six inches of suitable cover or as specified by the Division.
C&D waste landfills are currently permitted and operated under Sections .0531 through .0547 of the
NCAC.
 Part .0542(f)(1) states: Except as provided in Subparagraph (3) of this Paragraph, the owners
and operators of all C&DLF units must cover the solid waste with six inches of earthen material
when the waste disposal area exceeds one-half acre and at least once weekly. Cover must be
placed at more frequent intervals if necessary to control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing

APPROVED ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER MATERIALS Page 2
January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
litter, and scavenging. A notation of the date and time of the cover placement must be
recorded in the operating record as specified in Paragraph (n) of this Rule.
 Part .0542(f)(3) states: Alternative materials or an alternative thickness of cover may be
approved by the Division if the owner or operator demonstrates that the alternative material
or thickness controls disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging without
presenting a threat to human health and the environment. A C&DLF owner or operator may
apply for approval of an alternative cover material. If approval is given by the Division,
approval would extend to all C&DLF units at one specific facility.
MSW landfills are currently permitted and operated under Sections .1601 through .1680 of the NCAC.
 Part .1626(2)(a) states: Except as provided in Sub-Item (b) of this Item, the owners or
operators of all MSWLF units must cover disposed solid waste with six inches of earthen
material at the end of each operating day, or at more frequent intervals if necessary, to
control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging.
 Part .1626(2)(b) states: Alternative materials of an alternative thickness (other than at least
six inches of earthen material) may be approved by the Division if the owner or operator
demonstrates that the alternative material and thickness control disease vectors , fires , odors
, blowing litter, and scavenging without presenting a threat to human health and the
environment, in accordance with 40 CFR Part 258.21. A MSWLF owner or operator may apply
for a generic approval of an alternative cover material, which would extend to all MSWLF
units.

IMPLEMENTATION
The use of an ACM must be documented in the approved operation plan for the facility. If a facility
intends to utilize an ACM that is currently not in their approved operation plan but is included in the
ACM summary, they may do so by following one of the following procedures:
1. The facility may elect to use an approved ACM in the manner prescribed in this document. To
implement the use of the ACM, the facility owner or operator should place a notice in the facility
operating record with the procedure for using the ACM according to the information in this
document and send a copy of the notice and procedure to the Permitting Branch Supervisor of the
Section and the facilities Environmental Senior Specialist (ESS). The ADC must be incorporated into
the facility operation plan and will be listed in the permit at the next permit action.
2. The facility may choose to implement an ACM that has been approved in a manner not
prescribed in this document by performing an abbreviated demonstration period. This will allow the
operator to tailor the ACM to their specific use, staff, and facility operation. The Section will provide
oversight and concurrence to the process. The owner or operator should contact their (ESS) to discuss

APPROVED ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER MATERIALS Page 3
January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
the specifications for the testing. At the conclusion of the process, a notice should be placed in the
facility operating record with the procedure for using the ACM and a copy of the notice and
procedure sent to the Permitting Branch Supervisor of the Section. At the next permit action, the
ACM must be incorporated into the facility operation plan and will be listed in the permit.
If a facility wishes to use an ACM that has not previously been approved by the Section, the operator
must complete a demonstration process. Contact your ESS for assistance.
COMPLIANCE
Regardless of the method chosen, the Section will ensure compliance with the proper use of the ACM
in accordance with the rules, statutes, site specific conditions, and historical precedent. An operator
who chooses to implement an ACM as described in choice 1 above will be immediately responsible
for compliance and subject to the NCDENR tiered-enforcement process. An operator who chooses
option 2 will be subject to enforcement that considers the demonstration nature of the action, with
the understanding that changes to the process or ACM will be instituted immediately to correct any
issues.
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ACM: Automotive Shredder Residuals (ASR)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: MSWLF, C&DLF (lined)*
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Automotive Shredder Residuals are the fines remaining after scrap cars
have passed through a shredder and all recoverable materials have been removed. ASR can consist
of glass, synthetic fibers, rubber, plastics, automobile liquids residue, metal fines and dirt. It is
possible for the ASR to contain substances considered hazardous such as lead, cadmium and PCB.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. ASR can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches given calm site (weather)
conditions.
2. If site (weather) conditions are, or are forecast to be, windy the ASR must either be:
a. Mixed with soil at a ratio of 50% soil with 50% ASR prior to application on the working
face, or
b. Placed on the working face to a minimum depth of 3” and then covered with soil a
minimum depth of 3”.
3. During the use of ASR as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once
per week.
4. ASR shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate
cover.
5. The ASR must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.

* A CDLF equipped with a liner system may use the ASR as alternate daily cover only. Use of more
than six inches equates to disposal. ASR is not a C&D waste. To dispose of ASP in a lined CDLF,
contact the Permitting Branch of the Solid Waste Section for further clarification.

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ACM: Combustion Residuals (CR)/Ash
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: : MSWLF, C&DLF (lined)*, IndLF (lined)*
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Combustion Residuals or Ash are, generally, the residuals remaining
from the combustion of coal or the incineration of waste materials. The CR/Ash generally consists of
fine particles such as fly-ash as well as larger particles similar to sand, gravel or stone.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. CR/Ash can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches given calm site (weather)
conditions.
2. If site (weather) conditions are, or are forecast to be, windy the CR/Ash must either be:
a. Mixed with soil at a ratio of 50% soil with 50% CR/Ash prior to application on the
working face if it can become airborne or exhibits dust like properties, or
b. Placed on the working face to a minimum depth of 3” and then covered with soil a
minimum depth of 3” if it can become airborne or exhibits dust like properties.
3. During the use of CR/Ash as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied
once per week, unless otherwise approved by the Section*.
4. CR/Ash may not be used for intermediate cover, if it can become airborne or exhibits dust like
properties.
5. The CR/Ash must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.
Warning: Some materials such, as flue gas desulfurization residue, are destined for recycle and
cannot be contaminated with soil. Site specific handling practices should be discussed with the
Solid Waste Section prior to implementation.

* A CDLF or IndLF equipped with a liner system may use the CR as alternate daily cover only. Use of
more than six inches equates to disposal. CR is not a C&D waste. To dispose of CR in a lined CDLF,
or a non-CCB industrial landfill, contact the Permitting Branch of the Solid Waste Section for
further clarification.

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ACM: Construction and Demolition Debris (C&D) Fines
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: : MSWLF, C&DLF
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Construction and Demolition Debris Fines are, generally, the residuals
and fine particles remaining in the bottom of dumpsters, roll-off containers and trucks used in the
transportation or processing of C&D debris.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. C&D Fines can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches given calm site (weather)
conditions.
2. If site (weather) conditions are, or are forecast to be, windy the C&D Fines must either be:
a. Mixed with soil at a ratio of 50% soil with 50% C&D Fines prior to application on the
working face, or
b. Placed on the working face to a minimum depth of 3” and then covered with soil a
minimum depth of 3”.
3. During the use of C&D Fines as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied
once per week.
4. C&D Fines shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for
intermediate cover.
5. The C&D Fines must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.
Warning: C&D fines can contain large percentages of drywall dust or gypsum. These materials
may produce significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide, an obnoxious smelling compound. If odor
problems develop, the use of the fines should be suspended immediately and the offending area
covered with soil.

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January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
ACM: Petroleum Contaminated Soils (PCS)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: : MSWLF, C&DLF (lined)*, IndLF (lined)*
MATERIAL CHATRACTERISTICS: Petroleum Contaminated Soils are, generally, native soils
contaminated with some petroleum liquid. Generally, these soils are be sourced from environmental
cleanup sites, spill sites or sites associated with above ground or underground storage tank (AST or
UST) removal. In the case of ACM usage, petroleum is narrowly defined as the low to medium boiling
point petroleum derived fuels such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, motor oil, mineral spirits and fuel
oils #11 through #6. All other petroleum derived liquids such as solvents, acids, tars and asphalts are
excluded. In all cases, the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in the PCS cannot
exceed 3,000 parts per million (PPM) regardless of type or test method. The material may not contain
chlorinated solvents or other hazardous materials or exhibit the hazardous characteristic of
flammable.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. PCS can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches.
2. The PCS must be stockpiled within a disposal area and shall be managed and applied in such a
way that runoff cannot leave the lined landfill area.
3. The PCS shall be managed in such a way to prevent run-off and fugitive emissions (i.e. use of
tarps, berms and/or wetting to prevent blowing).
4. PCS is prohibited from disposal. Therefore, the facility may not accept more PCS than can be
used in a 45 day period. The amount of PCS accepted should not exceed 20% of the
permitted facility average monthly waste stream.
5. PCS shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate
cover.
6. The PCS must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.
7. PCS can only be used at lined landfill facilities.
8. Records must be maintained in the facility operating record indicating the volume of PCS
accepted and applied at the facility on a daily basis.
* A CDLF or IndLF equipped with a liner system may use the PCS as alternate daily cover only. Use
of more than six inches equates to disposal. PCS is neither a C&D nor an Industrial waste. To
dispose of PCS in a lined CDLF, or a non-CCB industrial landfill, contact the Permitting Branch of
the Solid Waste Section for further clarification.

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ACM: Spray-applied Mortar Coating (SMC)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: : MSWLF, C&DLF, IndLF
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTIC: SMC is, generally, a commercially sourced non-flammable, non-toxic
product containing proprietary components including mix setting agents, reinforcing materials and
cement. Other components, such as latex paint, may also be added to the mixture. All of the
components are generally mixed on site with water and/or leachate to produce slurry that is then
spray-applied to the working face.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. SMC can be applied, in lieu of soil, given appropriate site (weather) conditions.
2. SMC must be applied in accordance with the manufacturers’ application guidelines.
3. SMC must be applied in two directions to ensure adequate coverage.
4. During the use of SMC as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once
per week unless otherwise approved by the Section.
5. The use of non-hazardous latex or water based paint in the mixture is approved provided that
the paint has been collected for recycling.

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January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
ACM: Foam Coating (Foam)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: MSWLF, C&DLF, IndLF
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Foam Coating is, generally, a commercially sourced non-flammable,
non-toxic, non-hardening water based product. The proprietary liquid concentrate is delivered to the
site and diluted with water prior to application with proprietary equipment.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. Foam can be applied, in lieu of soil, given appropriate site (weather) conditions.
2. Foam must be applied in accordance with the manufacturers’ application guidelines.
3. During the use of Foam as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once
per week.
4. Foam shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate
cover.

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January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
ACM: Foundry Sand (Sand)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: MSWLF, C&DLF (lined)*, IndLF (lined)*
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Foundry Sand is, generally, a by-product of the smelting and forging
processes for metals fabrication. Metal pieces and particulate may also be found in the sand. Prior
to use, a Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis must be performed to ensure no
hazardous constituents are found in the sand at the source. The TCLP analysis results must be
submitted with the Operation Plan revision.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. Sand can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches.
2. The Sand must be stockpiled within a disposal area and shall be managed and applied in such
a way that runoff cannot leave the lined landfill area.
3. The Sand shall be managed in such a way to prevent run-off and fugitive emissions (i.e. use of
tarps, berms and/or wetting to prevent blowing).
4. Sand is prohibited from disposal. Therefore, the facility may not accept more Sand than can
be used in a 45 day period. The amount of Sand accepted should not exceed 20% of the
permitted facility average monthly waste stream.
5. Sand shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate
cover.
6. The Sand must be sourced from within the approved service area of the landfill facility.
7. Sand can only be used at lined landfill facilities.
8. Records must be maintained in the facility operating record indicating the volume of Sand
accepted and applied at the facility on a daily basis.

* A CDLF or IndLF equipped with a liner system may use the sand as alternate daily cover only. Use
of more than six inches equates to disposal. Sand is not a C&D waste. To dispose of sand in a lined
CDLF, a lined landfill not previously permitted to accept it or a non-CCB industrial landfill, contact
the Permitting Branch of the Solid Waste Section for further clarification.

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January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
ACM: Soil/Mulch Mixture (S&M)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: MSWLF, C&DLF, IndLF
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Soil/Mulch Mixture is, generally, a mixture of native soils and wood
mulch generated from the grinding of yard trash, land clearing debris and pallets constructed of
unpainted and untreated natural wood. Additionally, shredded tire chips may be used in addition to,
or in lieu of, wood mulch.
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. S&M can be applied, in lieu of soil, to a full depth of six inches.
2. S&M can be mixed at a ratio from 80% soil to 20% mulch up to 50% soil to 50% mulch by
volume.
3. During the use of S&M as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once
per week.
4. S&M may not be used for intermediate cover.

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January dd, 2014 – DIN nnnnn
ACM: Synthetic Tarps (Tarps)
APPROVED LANDFILL USE: MSWLF, C&DLF, IndLF
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Synthetic Tarps are, generally, a commercially sourced non-flammable,
non-toxic, sheet product constructed of an impermeable synthetic polymer typically reinforced with
fibers. Acceptable sheet products include, but are not limited to, geotextiles, polyethylene
membranes, plastic film, tarps and composite geotextile/plastic membranes. Tarps may be applied
by hand, using landfill equipment and/or an Automatic Tarping Machine (ATM).
USAGE CRITERIA:
1. Tarps can be applied, in lieu of soil, given appropriate site (weather) conditions.
2. Tarps must cover the entire working face. Any waste not covered by tarps must be covered
by soil.
3. Tarps must be secured in place with the use of soils or other ballast system such as tires or
sand bags.
4. During the use of Tarps as an ACM, soil cover to a full depth of six inches shall be applied once
per week.
5. Tarps shall not be used on any exterior/outside slopes and may not be used for intermediate
cover.

Construction Quality
Assurance (CQA) Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
and Horizontal Expansion

October 2016
1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
NC FIRM C-2910

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CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page i

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
2.0 RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES ................................................................ 1
2.1 OWNER ................................................................................................................. 1
2.2 PERMITTING AGENCY ........................................................................................ 1
2.3 ENGINEER ............................................................................................................ 2
2.4 CQA OFFICER ...................................................................................................... 2
2.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE LABORATORY ............................................................... 2
2.6 CONTRACTOR ..................................................................................................... 2
2.7 SURVEYOR........................................................................................................... 2
3.0 INSPECTION ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................ 2
3.1 LANDFILL CELL SUBGRADE CONSTRUCTION ................................................. 3
3.2 FINAL COVER CAP CONSTRUCTION ................................................................. 3
4.0 SAMPLING STRATEGIES ........................................................................................ 4
5.0 DOCUMENTATION ................................................................................................... 4
5.1 SUMMARY REPORT ............................................................................................ 4
5.2 OBSERVATION LOGS AND TEST DATA SHEETS ............................................. 5
5.3 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION AND SOLUTION REPORTS .................................. 5
5.4 PHOTOGRAPHIC REPORTING DATA SHEET (CQA) ......................................... 6
5.5 CQA REPORT ....................................................................................................... 6
6.0 PROGRESS AND TROUBLESHOOTING MEETINGS. ............................................ 7
6.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION CONFERENCE ............................................................... 7
6.2 PROGRESS MEETINGS ....................................................................................... 7
6.3 PROBLEM OR WORK DEFICIENCY MEETING ................................................... 7
APPENDIX A – TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

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CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 1 of 8

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The CQA plan describes the observations and tests that will be used before, during, and
upon completion of construction of the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion
Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre Nash County C&DLF to ensure that the
construction and materials meet the design specifications and the construction and
certification requirements set forth in Rule .0540. This CQA plan also describes the
procedures to ensure that the integrity of the landfill systems will be maintained prior to
waste placement.
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0541 specifies that the construction quality control and quality
assurance (CQA) plan contain at a minimum:
(1) Responsibilities and authorities.
(2) Inspection activities.
(3) Sampling strategies.
(4) Documentation.
(5) Progress and troubleshooting meetings.
Each of these requirements is discussed below.
2.0 RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES
The principal parties involved in the CQA Plan for the landfill facility include the Owner,
Permitting Agency, Engineer, CQA Officer, Quality Assurance Laboratory, Contractor,
and Surveyor. The general responsibilities, authorities and qualifications, as applicable,
of each of these parties are described in the following paragraphs. The responsibility
and/or authority of a given party may be modified or expanded as dictated by specific
project needs during the Pre-construction Conference. The changes shall be incorporated
into the CQA Plan prior to construction.
2.1 OWNER
The Owner is responsible for the facility and compliance with the permit and
associated permit conditions.
2.2 PERMITTING AGENCY
The Permitting Agency is the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality,
Division of Waste Management. The North Carolina Department of Environmental
Quality, Division of Waste Management has the responsibility and authority to review
and accept or reject design revisions or requests for variance submitted by the Owner.
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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2.3 ENGINEER
The Engineer shall be a Professional Engineer licensed by the State of North Carolina.
The Engineer is responsible for approving all design and specification changes, clarify
inconsistencies or contradictions in the construction and contract documents or the
CQA Plan, reviewing and approving shop drawings, and other tasks as required to
support construction and closure of the landfill.
2.4 CQA OFFICER
The CQA Officer shall be a Professional Engineer licensed by the State of North
Carolina and is responsible for preparing the CQA Report documenting CQA activities
(observation and testing). The CQA Officer may be the Engineer. The CQA Officer
may assign technically qualified personnel to the project, including an on-site CQA
Resident Project Representative (RPR) as needed to for observation and testing as
required to satisfy the requirements of this CQA Manual.
2.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE LABORATORY
The Quality Assurance Laboratory is a qualified laboratory, independent of the
Contractor, with experience in performing laboratory tests in accordance with the CQA
Manual. The Quality Assurance Laboratory shall be responsible for conducting the
appropriate laboratory tests as directed by the CQA Officer and. The Quality
Assurance Laboratory shall demonstrate that it follows the standard test methods
listed in the specifications and maintains the appropriate, calibrated equipment to
perform the tests.
2.6 CONTRACTOR
The Contractor is experienced in performing for the construction of excavation and/or
back of landfill subgrade and/or landfill final cover cap systems. The Contractor shall
be responsible for the quality of the materials and installation of the materials in
conformance with the contract documents.
2.7 SURVEYOR
The Surveyor is responsible for certifying that landfill disposal cell construction has
reached the permitted design grades. The Surveyor shall be a Registered Land
Surveyor, licensed by the State of North Carolina.
3.0 INSPECTION ACTIVITIES
Inspection activities will be required for landfill cell subgrade construction and final cap
construction.
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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3.1 LANDFILL CELL SUBGRADE CONSTRUCTION
Inspection activities for Landfill Cell Subgrade Construction will include, but not be
limited to:
• Proofrolling of areas requiring compacted embankment to reach design grades
to document areas are stable.
• Recommending and observing techniques utilized to repair areas failing
proofroll inspections.
• Observing compacted embankment construction to confirm that embankment
is placed with appropriate soil materials, lift thicknesses, density, and moisture.
• Testing to document in-situ or modified soils make up the upper two feet of cell
subgrade design elevations consist of the following: SC, SM, ML, CL, MH, or
CH soils per Unified Soil Classification System.
• Reviewing survey point locations and elevations of completed subgrade areas
as prepared by the Surveyor.
3.2 FINAL COVER CAP CONSTRUCTION
Inspection activities for Final Cover Cap Construction will include, but not be limited
to:
• Proofrolling of areas for soil liner construction to document areas are stable.
• Recommending and observing repair techniques utilized to repair areas failing
proofroll inspections.
• Observing construction to confirm that surface preparations (e.g. wetting,
drying, scarification, etc.) are completed prior to placement of subsequent
layers.
• Observing construction to confirm that soil liner construction and erosion layer
construction utilizes suitable soil materials.
• Observing and testing to confirm that soil liner and erosion layer are placed
with appropriate lift thicknesses, density, and moisture.
• Observing and testing to ensure Hydraulic Conductivity tests are completed at
specified intervals.
• Observing constructed cap component thickness, including surveys and
thickness checks as necessary.
• Observing vegetation stabilization of Final Cover Cap area.
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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4.0 SAMPLING STRATEGIES
The quality control/quality assurance testing anticipated for the work and the type and
frequency of such testing is included in the Technical Specifications included in Appendix
A.
5.0 DOCUMENTATION
Documentation procedures shall include the following documents:
• Summary Report from the field
• Observation Logs and Test Data Sheets.
• Construction Problem and Solution Report.
• Photographic Reporting Data Sheets.
5.1 SUMMARY REPORT
Summary reports shall be prepared by the CQA Officer and/or their designated
representative in the field and shall include the following information:
• An identifying sheet number for cross referencing and document control;
• Date, project day, project name, location, and other identification;
• Data on weather conditions;
• Reports on any meetings held and their results;
• A reduced scale site plan showing all proposed work areas and test locations;
• Descriptions and locations of ongoing construction;
• Descriptions and specific locations of areas, or units, of work being tested
and/or observed and documented;
• Locations where tests and samples were taken or reference to specific
observation logs and/or test data sheets where such information can be found;
• A summary of field/laboratory test results or reference to specific observation
log and/or test data sheets;
• Calibrations or recalibrations of test equipment and actions taken as a result of
recalibration, or reference to specific observation logs and/or test data sheets;
• Off-site materials received, including quality and quantity verification
documentation;
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NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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• Decisions made regarding approval of units of material or of work, and/or
corrective actions to be taken in instances of substandard quality;
• The CQA Officer and his/her on-site representative's signature as applicable.
5.2 OBSERVATION LOGS AND TEST DATA SHEETS
All observations, and field and/or laboratory tests, shall be recorded on project specific
logs and data sheets. Recorded observations may take the form of notes, charts,
sketches, photographs, or any combination of these. Where possible, a checklist may
be useful to ensure that no pertinent factors of a specific observation are overlooked.
At a minimum, the logs and data sheets shall include the following information:
• An identifying sheet numbered for cross referencing and document control;
• Date, project name, location, and personnel involved in the inspection activity.
• Description or title of activity monitored;
• Location of inspection activity and locations of samples collected;
• Type of inspection activity; procedure used (reference to standard method
when appropriate);
• Results of laboratory tests received;
• Results of monitoring activity in comparison to specifications; and
• The CQA monitor's signature as applicable.
5.3 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION AND SOLUTION REPORTS
A problem is defined herein as material or workmanship that does not meet the
specified design. Problem Identification and Solution Reports shall be cross
referenced to specific observation logs (or daily filed reports) and test data sheets (or
summary tables). The report shall include the following information:
• An identifying sheet number for cross referencing and document control;
• A detailed description of the situation or deficiency;
• The location and probable cause of the situation or deficiency;
• How and when the situation or deficiency was found or located; Documentation
of the response to the situation or deficiency;
• Final results of any responses;
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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• Any measures taken to prevent a similar situation from occurring in the future;
and
• The signature of the Engineer.
The Owner shall be made aware of any significant recurring nonconformance with the
permit specifications. The Engineer shall then determine the cause of the non-
conformance and recommend appropriate changes in procedures or specifications.
Any changes will be submitted to the Owner for approval. When this type of evaluation
is necessary, the results shall be documented and any revision to procedures or
permit specifications will be approved by the Owner, Engineer, and, if necessary, the
Permitting Agency.
5.4 PHOTOGRAPHIC REPORTING DATA SHEET (CQA)
Photographic reporting data sheets, where used, shall be cross referenced with
observation logs and test data sheets and/or construction problem and solution
reports. Photographic reporting data sheets shall include the following information:
• A unique identifying number on data sheets and photographs for cross
referencing and document control;
• The size, scale, and orientation of the subject matter photographed; Location
and description of the work;
• The purpose of the photograph;
• The name of the photographer and concurrence of the CQA Officer's
representative.
These photographs will serve as a photographic record of work progress, issues, and
corrective measures. They should be kept in a permanent protective file in the order
in which they were taken.
5.5 CQA REPORT
At a minimum, the CQA Report will contain the items as listed in Rule .0541 (c) and
(d)(4) and include:
• Summary reports of all construction activities;
• Observation logs, test data sheets and test results and summary tables
including sample location maps and supporting field and laboratory tests
results;
• Construction issues and solutions reports;
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

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• Record surveys shall include scale plans depicting the location of the
construction and details pertaining to the extent of construction (e.g., depths,
plan dimensions, elevations, soil component thicknesses, etc.). Record
surveys signed by a Registered Land Surveyor, licensed by the State of North
Carolina.
• A summary statement sealed and signed by a Professional Engineer licensed
in the State of North Carolina; and
• All approvals or certifications pertinent to the landfill project.
6.0 PROGRESS AND TROUBLESHOOTING MEETINGS.
To achieve a high degree of quality during construction and to assure a final product that
meets all project requirements, clear, open channels of communication are essential; it is
essential that lines of communication are open and active in addition to conducting regular
project meetings at the site.
6.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION CONFERENCE
A Pre construction conference shall be held prior to commencement of the work. At a
minimum, the meeting shall include the Owner, Engineer, CQA Officer, Contractor
(Project Manager and Superintendent), as applicable. The Permitting Agency will be
notified of the meeting will attend as deemed appropriate.
The meeting will include, but not be limited to, a review of the project site, project
documents, modifications of these documents, the responsibilities and duties of each
party, lines of authority and communication, the construction work plan, the proposed
schedule and critical path, a discussion of the procedures and schedule for periodic
reporting for testing and construction activities, testing protocols, locations of soils,
stockpiling, etc.. The Contractor shall present and distribute schedules at the meeting.
6.2 PROGRESS MEETINGS
At minimum, monthly progress meeting shall be held between the Owner, Engineer,
CQA Officer, Contractor, and other involved parties. Weekly or bi weekly progress
meetings will be held as needed. Those attending will discuss current progress,
planned activities for the next week, and new business or revisions to the work. The
Engineer will log problems, decisions, or questions arising at this meeting. Minutes of
these meeting will be submitted by the Engineer to the Owner for approval and
distributed to the appropriate parties within 5 workdays from the meeting.
6.3 PROBLEM OR WORK DEFICIENCY MEETING
A special meeting shall be held when and if a problem or work deficiency is present
or likely to occur. At a minimum, the meeting shall be attended by the Owner,
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 8 of 8

Engineer, CQA Officer, Contractor. The purpose of the meeting is to define and
resolve the problem or work deficiency as follows:
• Define and discuss the problem or deficiency;
• Review alternate solutions; and
• Implement an action plan to resolve the problem or deficiency.
The Engineer shall document the meeting and minutes shall be transmitted to the
parties involved.
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE (CQA) PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

APPENDIX A
October 2016

02200-1
SECTION 02200 EXCAVATION, BACKFILL, AND COMPACTION
PART 1: GENERAL

1.01 SCOPE OF WORK

A. Furnish all labor, materials, equipment and incidentals necessary to perform all
excavation, backfill, compaction and grading required to complete the work
shown on the Drawings and specified herein. The work shall include, but not
necessarily be limited to excavation, backfilling, grading, compaction, disposal of
waste and surplus materials, placing crushed stone, construction of berms, and
all related work such as sheeting, bracing and de-watering.

B. All excavation, trenching, and related sheeting, bracing, etc. shall comply with
the requirements of OSHA excavation safety standards 29 CFR Part 1926.650
Subpart P and State requirements. Where conflict between OSHA and State
regulations exists, the more stringent requirements shall apply.

C. Excavated topsoil and excess cut material will be stockpiled in locations
approved by the OWNER.

1.02 RELATED WORK

A. Section 01050: Field Engineering

B. Section 01410: Construction Quality Assurance / Quality Control Plan

C. Section 02100: Site Preparation

D. Section 02276: Erosion and Sedimentation Control

E. Section 02985: Stabilization

1.03 SUBMITTALS

A. A signed certification letter, with all necessary permits, that the source is in full
compliance with State, County and local laws and regulations for each source.

B The CONTRACTOR shall furnish a representative sample weighing
approximately 75 pounds of each fill material, stone and crushed stone to the
CQA Officer for approval, at least 15 calendar days prior to the date of
anticipated use of such material.

C. Excavation support designs, if necessary, shall be prepared by a licensed
professional engineer, registered in the State of North Carolina, having a
October 2016

02200-2
minimum of five years of professional experience in the design and construction
of excavation support systems.

D. De-watering and drainage system designs, if required, shall be prepared by a
licensed professional engineer, registered in the State of North Carolina, having
a minimum of five years of professional experience in the design and
construction of dewatering and drainage systems.

1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Owner shall employ a CQA Officer and Quality Assurance Laboratory to perform
soils observation and testing services for quality assurance of the fill material.

1.05 PROTECTION

A. Sheeting and Bracing (if required)

1. Furnish, put in place and maintain such sheeting and bracing as may be
required by Federal, State and local safety requirements to support the
sides of excavations; to prevent any movement which could in any way
diminish the width of the excavation below that necessary for proper
construction; and to protect adjacent structures from undermining or other
damage. If the Engineer is of the opinion that at any location sufficient or
proper supports have not been provided, he/she may order additional
supports put in, and compliance with such order shall not relieve or
release the Contractor from his/her responsibility for the sufficiency of
such supports. Care shall be taken to prevent voids outside of the
sheeting, but if voids are formed, they shall be immediately filled and
rammed. Where soil cannot be properly compacted to fill a void, lean
concrete shall be used as backfill. All voids shall be filled to the
satisfaction of the CQA Officer.

2. Construct the sheeting outside the neat lines of the foundation, unless
indicated otherwise, to the extent deemed desirable for the method of
operation. Sheeting shall be plumb and securely braced and tied in
position. Sheeting and bracing shall be adequate to withstand all
pressures to which the structure or trench will be subjected. Any
movement or bulging which may occur shall be corrected to provide the
necessary clearances and dimensions.

3. All sheeting and bracing shall be carefully removed in such manner as not
to endanger the construction or other structures, utilities, or property. All
voids left or caused by withdrawal of sheeting shall be immediately re-filled
with sand, which must be approved by the CQA Officer, by ramming with
tools especially adapted to that purpose, or otherwise as may be directed.

October 2016

02200-3
4. The right of the CQA Officer to order sheeting and bracing left in place
shall not be construed as creating any obligation on his/her part to issue
such orders and his/her failure to exercise his/her right to do so shall not
relieve the Contractor from liability for damages to persons or property
occurring from or upon the work occasioned by negligence or otherwise,
growing out of a failure on the part of the Contractor to leave in place
sufficient sheeting and bracing to prevent any caving or moving of the
ground.

5. No sheeting is to be withdrawn if driven below mid-diameter of any pipe
and under no circumstances shall any sheeting be cut off at a level lower
than 1-ft above the top of any pipe.

B Drainage and De-watering

1. Dewatering shall be performed as specified during the excavation of
organics and unstable soils from the site. Limited dewatering may be
required during the excavation and filling of ponds, ditches and where the
topsoil layer extends below the water table.

2. At all times during construction provide and maintain proper equipment
and facilities to remove all water entering excavations and keep such
excavations dry so as to obtain a satisfactory undisturbed subgrade
condition until the fills, structures or pipes to be built thereon have been
completed to such extent that they will not be floated or otherwise
damaged by allowing water into the excavated areas. Groundwater shall
be lowered to at least 1 foot below the bottom of excavations.

3. De-watering shall at all times be conducted in such a manner as to
preserve the undisturbed bearing capacity of the subgrade soils at
proposed bottom of excavation. Well or sump installations shall be
constructed with proper sand filters to prevent drawing of finer grained soil
from the surrounding ground.

4. Surface runoff shall be collected, drained to sumps and pumped from the
disposal unit to maintain an excavation bottom free from standing water.

5. De-watering of ponds or ditches filled with water shall be performed in
such a manner as to control discharge water by use of sediment basins
and/or check dams or other erosion control structures approved by
NCDENR.

6. Take all additional precautions to prevent uplift of any structure during
construction.

7. Drainage shall be disposed of so that flow or seepage back into the
excavated area will be prevented.
October 2016

02200-4

8. Flotation shall be prevented by maintaining a positive and continuous
operation of the dewatering system. The Contractor shall be fully
responsible and liable for all damages which may result from failure of this
system.

9. Remove the dewatering equipment after the system is no longer required.

10. Take all necessary precautions to preclude the accidental discharge of
fuel, oil, etc in order to prevent adverse effects on groundwater or surface
water quality.

C. SLOPE STABILITY

1. The Contractor shall be solely responsible for the stability of roadway
embankments, unbalanced fills, stockpiles, and all other construction
operations.

1.06 SOIL TESTING

A. Previous to the placement of the fill and during such placement, the CQA Officer
may select areas within the limits of the fill for testing. The Contractor shall
cooperate fully in obtaining the information desired.

PART 2: PRODUCTS

2.01 MATERIALS

A. Materials for use as fill shall be as described below. The Contractor shall notify
the CQA Officer of the source of each material. On-site borrow areas may be
utilized with prior approval from the Owner. Off-site materials shall be furnished
as required from approved off-site sources (see 1.03.A) and hauled to the site.
All local, state and federal regulations shall apply. The Contractor shall submit
copies of all applicable permits and approval to the Owner prior to
commencement of the work.

B. Backfill shall consist of mineral soil free from organic materials, loam, wood,
trash and other objectionable materials which may be compressible or which
cannot be properly compacted. Common fill shall not contain stones larger than
4 inches in largest diameter and shall have at least 60 percent passing the No. 4
sieve, a maximum of 60 percent passing No. 200 Sieve, a maximum liquid limit
of 60, and a maximum plasticity index of 25. Common Fill shall not contain
granite blocks, broken concrete, masonry rubble or other similar materials. It
shall have physical properties such that it can be readily spread and compacted
during filling. Snow, ice and frozen soil will not be permitted. Common Fill shall
be compacted to at least 95% of the standard Proctor (ASTM D698) maximum
dry density or as otherwise shown on the drawings.
October 2016

02200-5

C. Select Fill shall be as specified above for Backfill except that the material shall
contain no stones larger than two inches in largest dimension, a maximum of 50
percent passing the No. 200 Sieve, a maximum liquid limit of 50 and a maximum
plasticity index of 15. Select Fill shall be compacted to 98% of the standard
Proctor (ASTM D698) maximum dry density.

D. The soils shall be wetted or dried as necessary so that the moisture content
during compaction is within 3% of the optimum moisture content as determined
by ASTM D698.

E. Highly micaceous and elastic silts shall not be used for Common, Select Fill or
Structural Fill.

F. Crushed Stone

1. All crushed stone shall be silica material that is sound, hard, durable,
resistant to weathering, as defined by ASTM D2488 and shall be free of
overburden, spoil, shale, limestone and organic material. The stone shall
be free of deleterious materials such as flat, elongated, friable,
decomposed, or micaceous pieces. Broken pieces of concrete, asphalt,
or brick are not acceptable. Crushed stone shall be of the size and type
shown on the drawings.

G. Not used.

H. Not used.

2.02 CONFORMANCE TESTING
Conformance testing shall be performed by the Quality Assurance Laboratory on
samples from each source of backfill material. Material identified for use as
backfill shall be tested at the frequency specified in Table 1 and at every change
in the material, identified by the CQA Officer:
TABLE 1
Test Method Frequency
Visual Classification ASTM D2488 Every 10,000 cy
Grain Size ASTM D422 Every 10,000 cy
Atterberg Limits ASTM D4318 Every 10,000 cy
Moisture/Density ASTM D698 Every 20,000 cy
Natural Moisture ASTM D2216 Every 10,000 cy

October 2016

02200-6
Results of the tests will be submitted to the Owner within 24 hours of test
completion. The CQA Officer reserves the right to reject material based on the
results of the conformance tests.

PART 3: EXECUTION

3.01 GENERAL EXCAVATION

A. General Excavation is expected to consist of removing unsuitable soils identified
during proofrolling (Section 3.01.E) and as required as part of the work
represented on the Drawings (Grading Plan). The bottom of the excavations
shall be rendered firm and dry and in all respects acceptable to the CQA Officer.

B. Excavation and de-watering shall be accomplished by methods that preserve
the undisturbed state of subgrade soils. Soils which become soft, loose, "quick",
or otherwise unsatisfactory for support of structures, earthen or man-made, as a
result of inadequate excavation, de-watering, proofrolling, or other construction
methods shall be removed and replaced as required by the CQA Officer at the
Contractor's expense.

C. De-watering shall lower the groundwater to at least 1-foot below excavation
subgrade and prevent "boiling" condition or detrimental underseepage at the
base of the excavation as specified herein.

D. Excavation equipment shall be satisfactory for carrying out the work in
accordance with the Specifications.

E. Proofroll exposed subgrades after stripping topsoil and organics with a minimum
of two complete passes of a rubber tired heavy vehicle as approved by the CQA
Officer. All proofrolling shall be conducted in the presence of the CQA Officer or
designated representative. The CQA Officer may require excavation and
replacement or other remediation as necessary to provide a firm, stable
subgrade in areas that appear to be rutting, pumping, or otherwise appear
unstable while proofrolling. The repair procedure shall be determined by the
CQA Officer.

3.02 TRENCH EXCAVATION

A. Excavation for all trenches required for the installation of pipes shall be made to
the depths indicated on the Drawings and in such a manner and to such widths
as will give suitable room for laying the pipe within the trenches, for bracing and
supporting the trench sides and for pumping and drainage facilities. Contractor
shall render the bottom of the excavations firm and stable and in all respects
acceptable to the CQA Officer.

October 2016

02200-7
B. The trench may be excavated by machinery to, or just below the designated
subgrade provided that the material remaining in the bottom of the trench is not
disturbed.

C. Where pipe is to be installed in fill, fill shall be placed and compacted to at least
2 ft. above the top of the pipe (rough grade elevation) and then trenches
re-excavated for pipe installation.

3.03 MISCELLANEOUS EXCAVATION

A. The Contractor shall perform all excavations necessary for the placing of
seeding and plants, for constructing roadways, and any other miscellaneous
earth excavation required under this Contract.

3.04 GENERAL BACKFILL

A. Materials placed in fill areas shall be placed to the lines and grades shown on
the Drawings. Unless otherwise specified, Common Fill shall be used for
backfill.

B. Fill shall be placed in accordance with the Contract Document.

C. Material conforming to the requirements of Backfill shall be placed in layers
having a maximum compacted thickness of 8-inches measured before
compaction and shall be compacted to at least 95 percent of its maximum
density as determined by ASTM D698. The minimum frequency of testing shall
be 1 test per lift per 10,000 square feet or as directed by the CQA Officer in
irregular-shaped fill areas. CQA personnel shall perform testing of Backfill.

D. The surfaces of filled areas shall be graded to smooth true lines, conforming to
grades indicated on the grading plan and no soft spots or un-compacted areas
will be allowed in the work.

E. No compacting shall be done when the material is covered with frost or is frozen
or is too wet either from rain or from excess application of water. At such times,
work shall be suspended until the previously placed and new materials have
thawed and/or dried sufficiently to permit proper compaction.

F. All backfill shall be placed at a moisture content within 3% of Standard Proctor
(ASTM D698) optimum moisture content.

3.05 TRENCH BACKFILL

A. Backfilling over pipes shall begin as soon as practicable after the pipe has
been laid, jointed, and inspected. All backfilling shall be performed
expeditiously.

October 2016

02200-8
1. Backfill shall be placed around the lower half of the pipe and thoroughly
rodded and tamped to fill all voids and provide uniform support of the pipe
in the bedding zone. Backfill shall be thoroughly compacted by machine
tamping in 6-inch layers as required to provide 98% of the Standard
Proctor maximum dry density per ASTM D-698.

2. Backfill shall be placed around the upper half of the pipe and to a
minimum depth of 12-inches over the top of the pipe. Backfill shall be
thoroughly compacted by machine tamping in 6-inch layers as required to
provide 98% of the Standard Proctor maximum dry density per ASTM D-
698.

3. The remainder of the trench shall be backfilled with Backfill in loose layers
not to exceed 8-inches and thoroughly compacted with mechanical
tampers as required to obtain the specified 95% compaction.

4. Backfilling under haunches shall be performed manually by tamping rods
or similar hand equipment to eliminate voids underneath sides of the pipe
or haunch.

5. The minimum frequency for density tests shall be 1 test per lift per 50 feet
of trench for all material types or as specified by the CQA Officer. CQA
personnel shall perform testing of Trench Backfill

3.06 ROAD SUBGRADE

A. The road subgrade for bituminous, concrete, and crushed stone pavement
areas in fill sections shall consist of a two-foot thick layer of Backfill compacted
to a minimum 98% of the Standard Proctor maximum dry density per ASTM D-
698. CQA personnel shall perform testing of Road Subgrade Backfill.

B. The road subgrade for bituminous, concrete, and crushed stone pavement
areas in cut sections shall consist of firm natural soils as approved by the CQA
Officer.

C. Road subgrades shall be proofrolled as described in Section 02200, 3.01 E.

3.07 HANDLING OF SURPLUS MATERIAL

A. Excavated materials shall not be removed from the site except as specified by
the Owner. Materials shall be neatly stockpiled on-site at locations directed by
the Owner. Excess materials shall be compacted and stockpiled in accordance
with the contractor’s fill placement plan. Contractor shall provide erosion and
sedimentation control measures as shown on the drawings and specified in the
Contract Documents.

3.08 GRADING
October 2016

02200-9

A. Grading in preparation for placing soil liner material shall be performed to the
elevations shown and otherwise as directed by the Engineer. During the process
of grading, the subgrade shall be maintained in such condition that it will be well
drained at all times. When required, temporary drains and drainage ditches
shall be installed to intercept or divert surface water that may affect the
performance or condition of the work.

B. If at the time of grading it is not possible to place material in its final location, it
shall be stockpiled in approved areas. Stockpiled material shall be placed,
compacted and smooth-rolled at the end of each day to deter water infiltration.
No extra payment will be made for the stockpiling or double handling of
excavated material.

C. Engineer reserves the right to make minor adjustments in lines or grades if
deemed necessary as the work progresses, in order to obtain satisfactory
construction.

D. Stones or rock fragments larger than 3-inches in their greatest dimensions will
not be permitted in the top 6-inches of the finished subgrade of all fills or
embankments.

3.09 INSPECTION/TESTING

A. The CQA Plan – Inspection and testing will be a joint effort between the
Owner, Contractor, and the Engineer.

B. Construction QA observation, inspection and testing – Owner shall employ a
CQA Officer and Quality Assurance Laboratory to perform soils observation
and confirmation testing services for quality assurance of the fill material.

C. Coordination – Owner shall be responsible for coordination of field services
with the CQA Officer and Quality Assurance Laboratory.

D. Initial Observation – Compacted fill and backfill operations shall be
performed after the surface has been properly prepared and has been
observed and approved by CQA Officer. No Compacted fill shall be placed
unless the CQA Officer approves the operation. Any fills placed without CQA
Officer’s observation and prior approval shall be removed in a manner to
avoid damage or disturbance to the existing approved work, and the
excavation shall be filled as specified herein.

E. Field Control – The minimum testing frequencies for field tests to be
performed by the Quality Assurance personnel are identified in Sections
3.04, 3.05, and 3.06. The intent of the field tests is to insure that the
specified density and moisture contents are being obtained.

October 2016

02200-10
One-point compaction tests shall be performed to interpolate between
laboratory compaction (ASTM D 698) curves for at least every 5 in-place
density tests or per change in material. The one-point compaction tests shall
be performed on either the field density test sample or soil from a location
immediately adjacent to the field density test sample, using the ASTM D 698
procedure. The results of the one-point tests shall then be compared with the
full compaction curves of similar soils to estimate the maximum dry density
applicable to the field density test sample.

Note: A nuclear density test gauge can be used to provide the required
density testing. However, the in-situ density shall be determined using the
sand cone method (ASTM D 1556) and/or the drive cylinder method
(ASTM D 2937) of a minimum of one test per ten nuclear density tests or
one per day, whichever is greater. The sand cone and/or drive cylinder
test should be performed at the same location as a nuclear density test.
The sand cone and/or drive cylinder tests shall be continued until a
correlation between the density and moisture contents obtained by the
nuclear density gauge and the sand cone and/or drive cylinder tests has
been demonstrated.

F. The CQA Officer shall provide a final Construction Quality Assurance Report at
the end of the project. The report shall certify that the work associated with
Excavation, Backfill and Compaction was performed in accordance with the
Contract Documents and be prepared and sealed by a Professional Engineer
registered in the State of North Carolina. The report shall include a narrative of
construction methods and QA procedures employed, summary tables of all field
test results, including locations and notations regarding any re-work performed,
identification of failed tests, and documentation of re-worked areas with passing
tests, as appropriate.

END OF SECTION

Closure Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
and Horizontal Expansion

October 2016
1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
NC FIRM C-2910

This page intentionally left blank
CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

i
CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE CAP SYSTEM .................................................................... 1
3.0 LARGEST AREA REQUIRING THE SPECIFIED CAP SYSTEM.............................. 2
4.0 MAXIMUM INVENTORY OF WASTES ON-SITE ...................................................... 2
5.0 SCHEDULE FOR COMPLETING ALL CLOSURE ACTIVITIES................................ 2
5.1 INITIATING CLOSURE .......................................................................................... 2
5.2 COMPLETING CLOSURE ..................................................................................... 2
5.3 NOTIFICATION OF CLOSURE COMPLETION ..................................................... 3
5.4 RECORDATION OF CLOSURE. ........................................................................... 3
6.0 COST ESTIMATE FOR CLOSURE ACTIVITIES ...................................................... 3
TABLES
TABLE 1 ENGINEER'S OPINION OF COST - CLOSURE COSTS FOR PHASES 1 – 9

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CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 1 of 3

1.0 INTRODUCTION
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0543 specifies the Closure Plan, at a minimum, must include the
following information:
(1) a description of the cap system and the methods and procedures to be used to
install the cap that conforms to the requirements set forth in Paragraph (c) of
this Rule;
(2) an estimate of the largest area of the C&DLF unit requiring the specified cap
system at any time during the active life that is consistent with the drawings
prepared for:
(A) the operation plan for an existing C&DLF unit, or
(B) the engineering plan or facility plan for a lateral expansion or new C&DLF unit;
(3) an estimate of the maximum inventory of wastes on-site over the active life of
the landfill facility;
(4) a schedule for completing all activities necessary to satisfy the closure criteria
set forth in Paragraph (c) of this Rule; and
(5) the cost estimate for closure activities as required under Rule .0546 of this
Section.
Each of these requirements is discussed below.
2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE CAP SYSTEM
The cap system will consist of the following components:
(1) a minimum 18 inches of 1.0 x 10-5 cm/sec earthen material low-permeability
barrier; and
(2) a minimum of 18 inches of earthen material that is capable of sustaining native
plant growth. The final cover surface will be vegetated upon completion of the
final cover installation according to the project seeding specifications.
(3) a gas venting or collection system to minimize pressures exerted on the low-
permeability barrier.
(4) surface water control devices including terrace berms and downdrain pipes.
The final cover system will be placed on prepared intermediate cover at a maximum slope
of 4H:1V. The minimum slope of the top of the landfill shall be a minimum of 5%.
CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 2 of 3

Construction quality assurance requirements for final cover system components can be
found in the CQA Plan. Final cover system details are shown on the Engineering
Drawings.
3.0 LARGEST AREA REQUIRING THE SPECIFIED CAP SYSTEM
The largest area of the C&DLF unit requiring the specified cap system at any time during
the active life of the proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion of the existing 11.3-acre
Nash County C&DLF is estimated to be approximately 27-acres.
4.0 MAXIMUM INVENTORY OF WASTES ON-SITE
The maximum inventory of wastes on-site over the active life of the existing 11.3-acre
Nash County C&DLF and proposed 15.8-acre Horizontal Expansion is estimated to be a
gross capacity (bottom of waste to top of final cover) of approximately 2,406,234 cubic
yards, which equates to approximately 847,400 tons of waste.
5.0 SCHEDULE FOR COMPLETING ALL CLOSURE ACTIVITIES
5.1 INITIATING CLOSURE
The owner and operator must begin closure activities for that portion of each C&DLF
unit meeting one or more of the following requirements, unless an extension has been
granted by the Division. Extensions beyond the deadline for beginning closure may
be granted by the Division if the owner or operator demonstrates that the portion of
the C&DLF unit has the capacity to receive additional wastes and the owner and
operator has taken and will continue to take all steps necessary to prevent threats to
human health and the environment from the unclosed C&DLF unit:
(A) No later than 30 days after the date on which the C&DLF unit receives the
known final receipt of wastes;
(B) No later than 30 days after the date that a 10 acre or greater area of waste, is
within 15 feet of final design grades; or
(C) No later than one year after the most recent receipt of wastes, if the C&DLF
unit has remaining capacity.
Prior to beginning closure of each C&DLF unit as specified above, an owner or
operator must notify the Division that a notice of the intent to close the unit has been
placed in the operating record.
5.2 COMPLETING CLOSURE
The owner and operator of all C&DLF units must complete closure activities of each
C&DLF unit in accordance with the closure plan within 180 days following the
CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 3 of 3

beginning of closure as specified in Subparagraph (5) of this Paragraph. Extensions
of the closure period may be granted by the Division if the owner or operator
demonstrates that closure will, of necessity, take longer than 180 days and they have
taken and will continue to take all steps to prevent threats to human health and the
environment from the unclosed C&DLF unit.
Within 30 days of completion of Closure Cap Construction, a Closure Cap CQA report
prepared in accordance with of the CQA Plan, Section 3.2 FINAL COVER CAP
CONSTRUCTION, and submitted to the Department.
5.3 NOTIFICATION OF CLOSURE COMPLETION
Following closure of each C&DLF unit, the owner or operator must notify the Division
that a certification, signed by the project engineer verifying that closure has been
completed in accordance with the closure plan, has been placed in the operating
record.
5.4 RECORDATION OF CLOSURE.
Following closure of all C&DLF units, the owner or operator must record a notation on
the deed to the landfill facility property at the local county Register of Deeds office, or
some other instrument that is normally examined during title search, and notify the
Division that the notation has been recorded and a copy has been placed in the
operating record.
The notation on the deed shall in perpetuity notify any potential purchaser of the
property that the land has been used as a C&DLF unit or facility and its use is restricted
under the closure plan approved by the Division.
6.0 COST ESTIMATE FOR CLOSURE ACTIVITIES
A copy of the Closure Estimate is included in Table 1-1.
Item Description
Estimated
Quantity Unit
Unit
Price
FY '14 $'s
Extended
Total
FY '14 $'s Comments
1 Surveys and Layout 27 AC 800.00$ 21,600.00$ G&M Historic Estimate
2 Temporary Erosion Controls 1.0 LS 1,000.00$ 1,000.00$ Borrow Site Only
3 12" Intermediate Cover Placement 8,000 CY 5.00$ 40,000.00$ On-site Material
4 Fine-Grade Intermediate Cover 27.00 AC 1,500.00$ 40,500.00$ G&M Historic Estimate
5 18" Thick 1 x10 -5 cm/sec Clay Liner Purchase 65,340 CY -$ -$ On-site Material
6 18" Thick 1 x10 -5 cm/sec Clay Liner Haul & Place 65,340 CY 5.00$ 326,700.00$ On-site Material
7 18" Thick Vegetative Soil Layer Purchase 65,340 CY -$ -$ On-site Material
8 18" Thick Vegetative Soil Layer Haul & Place 65,340 CY 3.00$ 196,020.00$ On-site Material
9 Terrace Berms Soil Purchase 32,400 CY -$ -$ On-site Material - 300 LF Berm /AC Closure * 4 CY soil/LF berm
10 Terrace Berms Soil Haul & Place 32,400 CY 3.00$ 97,200.00$ On-site Material - 300 LF Berm /AC Closure * 4 CY soil/LF berm
11 Turf Reinforcement Matting on Terrace Berms 31,500 SY 4.50$ 141,750.00$ 300 LF berm/Ac * 35 SF matting /LF Berm
12 24" DIA. Corrugated HDPE Downdrain Pipe 1,350 LF 40.00$ 54,000.00$ 50 LF downdrain /Acre Closure
13 Gas System - Shallow Gas Vent 27.0 EA 2,000.00$ 54,000.00$ 1 LFG well per acre
14 Energy Dissapator 7.0 EA 4,000.00$ 28,000.00$ 1 Dissapator/ 4AC
15 Seeding & Mulching 27.0 AC 1,500.00$ 40,500.00$ G&M Historic Estimate
16 Bonds, Insurance, Mobilization 4.00%of Items Above 41,650.80$ G&M Historic Estimate
Subtotal - Construction 1,082,920.80$ $40,108 per acre
1 Construction Documents & Bidding 1.0 EA 25,000.00$ 25,000.00$ Per Each Occurance (Assumes 1)
2 Field Monitoring 810 HR 75.00$ 60,750.00$ 30 hrs/Ac
3 Lab Testing 27.0 AC 2,500.00$ 67,500.00$ G&M Historic Estimate
4 Engineering Certification 1.0 EA 15,000.00$ 15,000.00$ Per Each Occurance (Assumes 1)
5 Deed Notation 1.0 EA 2,000.00$ 2,000.00$ Per Each Occurance (Assumes 1)
Subtotal - Engineering and CQA 170,250.00$ $6,306 per acre
Total Closure Cost FY '14 $'s 1,253,170.80$ $46,414 per acre
TABLE 1
ENGINEER'S OPINION OF COSTS
CLOSURE COSTS FOR PHASES 1 - 9
Nash County C&D Landfill (NC SW Permit No. 6403)
Construction
Engineering & CQA
Post-Closure Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
and Horizontal Expansion

October 2016
1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
NC FIRM C-2910

This page intentionally left blank
POST-CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORZONTAL EXPANSION

i

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
2.0 MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES ................................................... 1
3.0 RESPONSIBLE PERSON CONTACT ....................................................................... 2
4.0 PLANNED USES DURING THE POST-CLOSURE PERIOD ................................... 2
5.0 COST ESTIMATE FOR POST-CLOSURE ACTIVITIES ........................................... 3
TABLES
TABLE 1-1 - ENGINEER'S OPINION OF COSTS 30-YR POST-CLOSURE FOR
PHASES 1-9

This page intentionally left blank
POST-CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 1 of 3

1.0 INTRODUCTION
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0543 specifies the Post-closure Plan, at a minimum, must include
the following information:
1) A description of the monitoring and maintenance activities required for each
C&DLF unit, and the frequency at which these activities must be performed;
2) Name, address, and telephone number of the person or office responsible for the
facility during the post-closure period;
3) A description of the planned uses of the property during the post-closure period.
Post-closure use of the property must not disturb the integrity of the cap system,
base liner system, or any other components of the containment system, or the
function of the monitoring systems unless necessary to comply with the
requirements in this Section. The Division may approve disturbance if the owner
or operator demonstrates that disturbance of the cap system, base liner system,
or other component of the containment system, including any removal of waste,
will not increase the potential threat to human health or the environment; and
4) The cost estimate for post-closure activities required under Rule .0546 of this
Section.
Each of these requirements is discussed below.
2.0 MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES
The closed unit will be examined annually by the responsible party for a minimum of a 30
year post-closure period to ensure the integrity and effectiveness of the final cover
system, surface water systems, groundwater monitoring system, landfill gas system, and
to protect human health and the environment to include:
• Examination of the security control devices for signs of deterioration or vandalism
to ensure warning signs are legible and access is limited to authorized persons.
• Examination of the access roads to ensure access to the site and all monitoring
points for inspection and maintenance purposes.
• Examination of the final cover system for signs of settlement, subsidence, and
displacement or breaches to the final cover system components, erosion damage,
and lack of vegetative cover.
• Examination of Run-On/Run-Off Control Structures drainage swales and channels
for signs of clogged or damaged structures, including recessed down piping
components.
POST-CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 2 of 3

• Examination of Landfill Gas Control System for signs of accumulation of liquids
(condensate, leachate, water), binding or corrosion.
• Examination of Groundwater Monitoring System for signs of well tampering, and
cracking or degradation of the concrete pad.
• Examination of benchmark for signs of tampering and degradation.
A report of findings, including recommendations for actions deemed necessary to ensure
the site continues to meet the post-closure performance standard will be made to the
responsible party and will be placed in the operating record.
If corrective actions are required to ensure the site continues to meet the post-closure
performance standard, a report of any corrective actions undertaken and certifications by
a registered engineer the closure plan has been followed will be placed in the operating
record.
At the end of the post closure period, the individual certifications will be compiled into a
final document and forwarded to the DWM.
Groundwater Monitoring and Surface Water Monitoring will conducted at the closed unit
two times per year by the responsible party for a minimum of a 30 year post-closure
period.
Gas Monitoring will conducted at the closed unit four times per year by the responsible
party for a minimum of a 30 year post-closure period.
3.0 RESPONSIBLE PERSON CONTACT
All correspondence and questions concerning the post-closure care of the unit should
be directed to:
Landfilll Site Nash County Health Department
3057 Duke Road PO Box 849
Nashville, N.C. 27856 Nashville, N.C. 27856
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
4.0 PLANNED USES DURING THE POST-CLOSURE PERIOD
After filling operations cease at the landfill and the landfill is officially closed in accordance
with the Closure Plan, the landfill will be maintained as a grassy hill. Nash County Landfill
will maintain control of the property and prevent public access to it during the post-closure
period.
POST-CLOSURE PLAN
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
AND HORZONTAL EXPANSION

Page 3 of 3

5.0 COST ESTIMATE FOR POST-CLOSURE ACTIVITIES
A copy of the Post Closure Estimate is included in Table 1-1.
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GAS CONTROL PLAN

Horizontal Expansion
of the
Nash County C&D Landfill

October 2016
1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206

This page intentionally left blank
GAS CONTROL PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... I
GAS CONTROL PLAN ......................................................................................... 1
ROUTINE MONITORING PLAN ........................................................................... 1
EXPLOSIVE GAS CONCENTRATION LIMITS .................................................... 1
FIELD MEASUREMENT PROTOCOL .................................................................. 2
REPORTING ......................................................................................................... 3
CORRECTIVE ACTIONS ...................................................................................... 3

APPENDIX A – LFG MONITORING FORM
TABLE 1 - LFG PROBE ID AND COORDINATES
FIGURE 1 – LFG PROBE LOCATIONS

GAS CONTROL PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

Page 1 of 3
GAS CONTROL PLAN
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0544 (d) requires a gas control plan that ensures:
(A) The concentration of methane gas or other explosive gases generated by the facility
does not exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL) in on-site facility
structures (excluding gas control or recovery system components).
(B) The concentration of methane gas or other explosive gases does not exceed the lower
explosive limit for methane or other explosive gases at the facility property boundary;
and
(C) The facility does not release methane gas or other explosive gases in any
concentration that can be detected in offsite structures.
Routine Monitoring Plan
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0544 (d)(2) requires owners and operators of C&DLF units to implement a
routine gas control monitoring program to ensure that the explosive gas concentration standards
are met. Table 1 shows the coordinates of landfill gas monitoring wells associated with Horizontal
Expansion of the Nash County C&D Landfill. Figure 1 shows the locations of landfill gas
monitoring wells associated with Horizontal Expansion of the Nash County C&D Landfill. The
landfill gas monitoring wells are located based on soil conditions, the hydrogeologic conditions
under and surrounding the facility, hydraulic conditions on and surrounding the facility, the location
of facility structures and property boundaries, and the location of all off-site structures adjacent to
property boundaries.
The landfill gas monitoring wells shall be monitored quarterly.
Explosive Gas Concentration Limits
The operator shall ensure that the concentration of explosive gases generated by the facility does
not exceed 25% of the corresponding lower explosive limit (LEL) in on-site facility structures.
Further, the operator of the C&D landfill shall ensure that the concentration of explosive gases
does not exceed 100% of the corresponding LEL at the facility property boundary.

GAS CONTROL PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

Page 2 of 3
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0544 (d)(5) defines “lower explosive limit” as “the lowest percent by volume
of a mixture of explosive gases in air that will propagate a flame at 25°C and atmospheric
pressure”. The explosive gases typically associated with C&D landfills, and the corresponding
LEL at the stated conditions are as follows:
Explosive Gas
Lower
Explosive
Limit (LEL)
On-site
Facility
Structures
Facility
Property
Boundary
Methane 5% 25% LEL 100% LEL
Hydrogen Sulfide 4% 25% LEL 100% LEL
Field Measurement Protocol
A landfill gas monitoring unit capable of measuring methane and hydrogen sulfide concentrations
as a percent of total atmospheric gases shall be used to measure explosive gas concentrations
at each of the existing gas control probe locations and facility structures.
Corresponding values of the percent of atmospheric carbon dioxide and the percent of
atmospheric oxygen will likewise be documented. No laboratory sampling or analysis will be
conducted under this plan.
Landfill Gas Analyzer Calibration
Calibration of the landfill gas analyzer is critical to obtaining accurate sampling results.
Immediately prior to conducting field measurements, the landfill gas analyzer will be calibrated
according to the manufacturer’s recommendations in an area expected to be free of. Calibration
of the unit should be performed immediately prior to beginning routine monitoring, and in no case
greater than 12 hours before sampling.
Occupied Structures Readings
Permanent structures are constructed on a concrete slab-on-grade or elevated on a crawlspace.
Structures containing a crawlspace or otherwise open area between the structure and ground
surface will be monitored. Reading for occupied structures with a slab-on-grade will be made
inside the structures with the landfill gas analyzer’s probe as high from the floor as practical.
Readings will be recorded when the gas analyzer has reached equilibrium and the readout has
stabilized.

GAS CONTROL PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

Page 3 of 3
Gas Probe Readings
The pump within the landfill gas analyzer is sized to allow the meter to rapidly purge the typical
probe casing. Readings for the existing landfill gas probes will be made by first connecting the
analyzer probe to the well casing with the shutoff valve in the open position. Positive connection
of the probe to the quick-connect attachment should be checked to see that the opportunity for
ambient air to be drawn into the analyzer is minimized. Readings will be recorded when the
analyzer has reached equilibrium and the readout has stabilized.
Reporting
Quarterly gas control monitoring results shall be submitted to NCDENR on the form attached at
the end of this Plan.
Corrective Actions
Rule 15A NCAC 13B .0544 (d)(5) specifies the corrective action requirements if methane gas
levels exceeding the limits specified in Subparagraph (d)(1) are detected.
1) Immediately take all necessary steps to ensure protection of human health and notify
the Division.
2) Within seven (7) days of detection, place in the operating record a copy of the
explosive gas levels detected and a description of the steps taken to protect human
health; and
3) Within sixty (60) days of detection, implement a remediation plan for the explosive
gas release, place a copy of the plan in the operating record, and notify the Division
that the plan has been implemented. The plan shall describe the nature and extent
of the problem, the proposed remedy.

Table 1
Landfill Gas Probes
Gas Probe ID Northing Easting
MM-1 840,932.81 2,293,132.45
MM-2 841,284.69 2,293,314.10
MM-3 841,628.74 2,293,394.58
MM-4 841,877.22 2,293,531.39
MM-5 841,931.54 2,293,902.60
MM-6 841,789.70 2,294,152.09
MM-7 841,606.61 2,294,508.21
MM-8 841,210.04 2,294,718.94
MM-9 840,863.38 2,294,514.55
MM-10 840,434.32 2,294,234.85
MM-11 840,523.13 2,293,856.34
MM-12 840,644.88 2,293,493.26

APPENDIX A
LFG MONITORING FORM

16 

NC Division of Waste Management - Solid Waste Section

Landfill Gas Monitoring Data Form

Notice: This form and any information attached to it are "Public Records" as defined in NC General Statute 132-1. As such, these documents are available for inspection and examination by any person upon request (NC General Statute 132-6).
Facility Name: ______________________________________________ Permit Number: ____________________________
Date of Sampling: ___________________ NC Landfill Rule (.0500 or .1600): _____________________________________
Name and Position of Sample Collector: _________________________________________
Type and Serial Number of Gas Meter: _______________________________ Calibration Date of Gas Meter: ___________
Date and Time of Field Calibration: _____________________
Type of Field Calibration Gas (15/15 or 35/50): ____________ Expiration Date of Field Calibration Gas Canister: ________
Pump Rate of Gas Meter: _____________
Ambient Air Temperature: __________ Barometric Pressure: ______________ General Weather Conditions: _____________

Instructions: Under “Location or LFG Well” identify the monitoring wells or describe the location for other tests (e.g., inside
buildings). A drawing showing the location of test must be attached. Report methane readings in both % LEL and % methane by volume. A reading in percent methane by volume can be converted to % LEL as follows: % methane by volume = %
LEL/20

If your facility has more gas monitoring locations than there is room on this form, please attach additional sheets listing the
same information as contained on this form.

Certification
To the best of my knowledge, the information reported and statements made on this data submittal and attachments
are true and correct. I am aware that there are significant penalties for making any false statement, representation, or
certification including the possibility of a fine and imprisonment.

_________________________________________ _________________________________________ SIGNATURE TITLE

Groundwater
and
Surface Water
Monitoring Plan

Nash County C&D Landfill
And
Horizontal Expansion

October 2016
1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208
Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206

This page intentionally left blank
GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

i

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
2.0 GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS .................... 1
2.1 STATIC WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS ......................................................... 2
2.2 DETECTION OF IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS ............................................................... 2
2.3 MONITORING WELL PURGING ........................................................................... 3
2.4 GROUNDWATER SAMPLE COLLECTION .......................................................... 3
2.5 SURFACE WATER SAMPLE COLLECTION ........................................................ 4
2.6 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION ..................................................................... 5
2.7 FIELD QA/QC PROGRAM .................................................................................... 5
3.0 SAMPLE PRESERVATION AND SHIPMENT ........................................................... 5
4.0 FIELD LOGBOOK ..................................................................................................... 6
5.0 LABORATORY ANALYSIS ....................................................................................... 7
6.0 STATISTICAL EVALUATION .................................................................................... 7
7.0 RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING ................................................................... 8
7.1 NOTIFICATIONS ................................................................................................... 8
7.2 WELL ABANDONMENT/REHABILITATION .......................................................... 9
7.3 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE .......................................................................... 9

Figure 1 – Monitoring Locations
Table 1 – Monitoring Location Data
Table 2 - Laboratory Analytical Testing Parameters for Surface Water and Groundwater
Samples

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GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

Page 1 of 11

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The North Carolina Solid Waste Rules, Section 13B .0504, specifies that the
owner/operator must provide, as part of the groundwater and surface water monitoring
program, a water quality sampling and analysis plan (SAP). The SAP is to be designed
to provide accurate assessment of groundwater and surface water quality at
upgradient/upstream and downgradient/downstream sampling locations. This SAP
addresses the following subjects.
• Groundwater and surface water sample collection
• Sample preservation and shipment
• Analytical procedures
• Chain-of-custody
• Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC)
The methods and procedures described in the following sections are intended to
provide representative samples and test data. Field procedures are presented in their
general order of implementation. Equipment requirements are presented in each
section, and quality assurance and record keeping requirements are presented in the
last sections. Strict adherence to these procedures is required.
2.0 GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS
Groundwater and surface water will be monitored at locations as shown on Figure 1.
Well construction data for the groundwater well network is presented in Table 1. Table
1 further indicates the timing of well installation and/or abandonment relative to the
phase of landfill operation.
Groundwater and surface water samples will be collected from each monitoring point
and analyzed for a list of detection monitoring target parameters in accordance with NC
Division of Waste Management (NC DWM) regulations. Baseline detection monitoring
will consist of four independent sampling events during the initial semi-annual period,
followed by semi-annual sampling at each location thereafter.
The detection monitoring wells are designed to monitor the shallow aquifer at the site
and are constructed of 2-inch inside diameter Schedule 40 PVC, with isolated well
screen intervals, in accordance with North Carolina well construction standards 15A
NCAC 2C.
GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

Page 2 of 11

2.1 STATIC WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
Static water levels will be measured in each monitoring well prior to purging and
sampling of groundwater. Static water level data will be used to monitor changes in
site hydrogeologic conditions. The following measurements will be recorded in a
dedicated field book prior to purging and sample collection.
• Static water level (measured to nearest 0.01 foot)
• Total depth of well
• Height of water column in well
• Changes in conditions of well, protective casing, surface pad and
surroundings
An electronic water level instrument will be used to accurately measure water levels
to within 0.01 foot. Each well will have a permanent, easily identified reference point
on the top of the PVC well casing from which all water level measurements will be
made. The reference point will be marked and the elevation of the top of the PVC
casing will surveyed by a North Carolina Registered Land Surveyor. The static
water level and total depth measurements will be used to calculate the volume of
water in the well.
The parts of the static water level instrument that will contact groundwater within the
well (e.g., graduated tape and electronic indicator) will be constructed of inert
materials such as stainless steel and Teflon™. The instrument will be thoroughly
decontaminated between well measurements by washing with non-phosphate soap
and triple rinsing with deionized water to prevent cross-contamination from one well
to another.
2.2 DETECTION OF IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS
The detection of immiscible non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) is not anticipated at
this facility based on the waste stream handled. However, the water-level
measuring instrument used at the facility (described above) will be equipped with an
electronic interface probe that is capable of distinguishing NAPLs from water.
Monitoring for both light NAPLS (less dense than water) and dense NAPLs (more
dense than water) will be conducted at the site by measuring at the water-table and
at the bottom of each well. In the event that NAPLs are detected, the instrument will
initially be cleaned with denatured laboratory grade isopropyl alcohol, followed by
washing with non-phosphate soap and triple rinsing with deionized water to prevent
cross-contamination from one well to another.
GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING PLAN
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION OF THE
NASH COUNTY C&D LANDFILL

Page 3 of 11

2.3 MONITORING WELL PURGING
Following measurement of the static water levels in all of the wells, individual wells
will be purged of all stagnant water. The stagnant water, which is not representative
of true aquifer conditions, must be removed to ensure that fresh formation water can
be sampled. Each monitoring well will be purged using a new PVC disposable
bottom-loading bailer or using pre-cleaned Teflon-lined disposable polyethylene
tubing connected to a peristaltic pump under low flow conditions.
Prior to sampling, the monitoring wells will be purged of a minimum of three static
well volumes of water, or until dry. During purging, measurements will be made in
the field of the pH, temperature, specific conductance and turbidity of the
groundwater collected from the monitoring wells, in accordance with NC DWM
requirements. Data collected will be recorded in a dedicated field book.
2.4 GROUNDWATER SAMPLE COLLECTION
After the wells are purged, groundwater samples will be collected for laboratory
analysis. New latex or nitrile disposable gloves will be donned prior to sampling at
each well. Groundwater samples will be collected using the new disposable PVC
bottom-loading bailers that were used to purge the wells or using the pre-cleaned
Teflon-lined disposable polyethylene tubing connected to a peristaltic pump under
low flow conditions. In general, sampling will be conducted as soon as practical
after purging is complete. In the event that a monitoring well runs dry during
purging, it is acceptable to allow the well to recharge up to 24 hours prior to
sampling. Similarly, wells with excess turbidity may be allowed to sit up to 24 hours
prior to sampling to allow collection of a representative groundwater sample. Water
levels in the wells will be allowed to recover for a period not exceeding 24 hours
after purging to produce an adequate sample volume. Wells that fail to produce an
adequate sample volume within 24 hours of purging will not be sampled.
Temperature, ph, specific conductance and turbidity will be measured immediately
prior to sampling as a measure of purging efficiency and the results recorded in a
dedicated field book. The temperature, pH, specific conductance and turbidity
meters will be calibrated prior to each sampling event according to the
manufacturer’s specifications and consistent with Test Methods for Evaluating Solid
Waste – Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846).
Groundwater samples will be collected and contained in the order of volatility of
specific parameters as follows.
• Temperature, ph, specific conductance and turbidity measurements
• Volatile Organic Compounds
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• Total Metals
All detection monitoring samples will be collected unfiltered as required by the NC
DWM.
All reusable sampling equipment, including meter probes, will be thoroughly
decontaminated between wells by washing with non-phosphate soap and water,
followed by triple rinsing with deionized water. Samples will be collected directly
from the disposable bailers or the Teflon-lined disposable polyethylene tubing
connected to the peristaltic pump into laboratory-prepared containers that have been
specifically prepared for the preservation and storage of compatible parameters. All
groundwater sample containers will be immediately placed on ice in a cooler
following sample collection in accordance with required sampling protocol.
Blanks and duplicate samples will be collected and analyzed for the same
parameters as groundwater samples to ensure cross-contamination has not
occurred. One set of trip blanks, described later in this document, will be prepared
at the laboratory and will remain in the sample cooler during sample collection and
shipment to the laboratory for analysis to ensure that the sample containers or
handling processes have not affected the quality of the samples. A duplicate
groundwater sample may be collected from a single well as a check of laboratory
accuracy and reproducibility.
2.5 SURFACE WATER SAMPLE COLLECTION
Surface water samples will be obtained from areas of minimal turbulence and
aeration. The following procedure will be implemented for sampling surface water at
each location.
• Don new latex or nitrile disposable gloves
• Hold sample bottle with one hand, and with the other, remove the cap
• Push the sample container slowly into the water column and tilt up towards
the current to fill. A depth of about 6 inches is satisfactory. Avoid breaching
the surface or agitating the water while filling the container
• If there is little current movement, the container should be moved slowly in a
lateral direction, side to side, keeping the opening pointed upstream.
Blanks and duplicates, preservatives, handling and transport procedures for the
surface water samples will be identical to those noted form the groundwater
samples.
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2.6 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION
All non-dedicated sampling equipment that will come into contact with groundwater
or surface water will be decontaminated before each use. The equipment
decontamination procedure is presented below.
• Clean item with tap water and non-phosphate detergent (Alconox™,
Liquinox™ or equivalent), using a brush if necessary to remove particulate
matter and surface films
• Rinse thoroughly with tap water
• Triple rinse with deionized water and allow to air dry
• Wrap with aluminum foil, if necessary, to prevent contamination of equipment
during storage or transport
2.7 FIELD QA/QC PROGRAM
Field Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the subject facility requires the
routine collection and analysis of trip blanks to verify that the sampling collection and
handling process has not affected the quality of the samples. The trip blanks will be
prepared at the laboratory and transported to the site in the sample cooler with the
field sample containers, handled like a sample collected in the field, and returned to
the laboratory for analysis. The trip blanks will be analyzed for volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) only. Any VOCs found in the trip blanks will be attributed to: 1)
contaminated sample container in which the blank was prepared; 2) contaminated
source water; or 3) contamination during handling.
Any concentrations of contaminants found in the trip blanks will be reported but will
not be used to correct the water-quality data for the groundwater or surface water
samples. In the event that elevated constituent concentrations are found in the trip
blanks, the laboratory results for that constituent in the field samples will be flagged
for future evaluation and possible resampling.
3.0 SAMPLE PRESERVATION AND SHIPMENT
Sample preservation and shipment procedures will be carefully monitored to ensure
sample integrity. Ice and/or chemical ice packs will be used to preserve samples in a
cooler at the required 4°C temperature. Dry ice is not to be used. Samples will be
delivered to the laboratory via overnight courier to ensure sample holding times are not
exceeded. Shipment and receipt of the samples will be coordinated with the laboratory.
Once collected, samples will be placed on ice and cooled to a temperature of 4°C.
Samples are to be packed in high-impact polystyrene-insulated coolers so as to inhibit
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breakage of sample containers. Chain-of-custody control of all samples will be
maintained as follows.
• Labels will be placed on individual sample containers in the field, indicating
the site name, sample location, time and date of sampling, required analyses,
sampler’s initials and sample preservative.
• Sample containers will be individually secured or placed in a secure area in
iced coolers and will remain in the continuous possession of the field
samplers until custody has been transferred as provided by the chain-of-
custody form.
• Upon delivery to the laboratory, samples will be given laboratory sample
numbers and recorded into a logbook indicating client, well number, and date
and time of delivery. The laboratory manager or his designee will sign the
chain-of-custody forms and formally receive the samples. Proper refrigeration
of the samples will be maintained at the laboratory prior to preparation of the
4.0 FIELD LOGBOOK
The field samplers will maintain an up-to-date logbook and sampling forms documenting
important information pertaining to field sampling activities. The field logbook and
sampling forms will document the following.
• Site name and location
• Date and time of sampling
• Climatic conditions at the time of sampling
• Personnel conducting the sampling
• Sampling locations
• Presence of NAPLs
• Static water levels in wells
• Total depth of wells
• Purged water volumes and qualitative well yield
• Time well purged
• Observations of water samples (appearance, odor, etc.)
• Time of sample collection
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• Temperature, pH, specific conductance and turbidity
5.0 LABORATORY ANALYSIS
The groundwater and surface water parameters to be analyzed will be those specified in
the landfill permit and applicable North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules.
These will include field indicators of groundwater quality (temperature, pH, specific
conductivity and turbidity), as well as volatile organic and total metal constituents listed
in Appendix I of 40 CFR 258. All laboratory analyses will be performed by a laboratory
certified by the NC DWM for the analyzed parameters.
QA/QC procedures are to be utilized at all times. The owner/operator of the landfill is
responsible for selecting a laboratory and ensuring that they are utilizing proper QA/QC
procedures. The laboratory must have a QA/QC program based on specific routine
procedures outlined in a written laboratory QA/QC manual. The QA/QC procedures
listed in the manual provide the laboratory with the necessary assurances and
documentation for accuracy and precision of analytical determinations. Internal QC
checks shall be undertaken regularly by the laboratory to assess the precision and
accuracy of analytical procedures.
The internal QC checks include the use of calibration standards, standard references,
duplicate samples and spiked or fortified samples. Calibration standards shall be
verified against a standard reference obtained from an outside source. Calibration
curves shall be developed using at least one blank and three standards. Samples shall
be diluted if necessary to ensure that analytical measurements fall on the linear portion
of the calibration curve. Duplicate samples shall be processed at an average frequency
of 10 percent to assess the precision of testing methods, and standard references shall
be processed monthly to assess accuracy of analytical procedures. Spike or fortified
samples shall be carried through all stages of sample preparation and measurement to
validate the accuracy of the analysis.
During the course of analyses, QC data and sample data shall be reviewed by the
laboratory manager to identify questionable data and determine if the necessary QA/QC
requirements are being followed. If a portion of the laboratory work is subcontracted, it
is the responsibility of the contracted laboratory to verify that all subcontracted work is
completed by certified laboratories.
6.0 STATISTICAL EVALUATION
Copies of all laboratory results and water quality reports will be kept in the Operation
Record. Reports summarizing all water quality data and statistical evaluations will be
submitted to the NC DWM for each sampling event following the baseline monitoring
period. Methods to evaluate the data are taken from the North Carolina Solid Waste
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Rules, 40 CFR 258.53(g) and the USEPA RCRA Ground Water Monitoring Technical
Guidance. The North Carolina Solid Waste Rules require that the owner or operator of
the landfill specify a statistical method outlined in the rules to evaluate water quality
monitoring data. The goal of the statistical analysis is to determine whether statistically
significant evidence of contamination exists and to identify the point of contamination.
Upon receipt of the data from each monitoring event, the statistical database of
analyses will be updated. The North Carolina Solid Waste Rules provide several
acceptable methods for statistical analysis of water-quality data.
• Parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA)
• Rank-based (non-parametric) ANOVA with multiple comparisons
• Tolerance prediction interval
• Control chart
• Test of proportions
• An alternative statistical method that meets the performance standards of 40
CFR 258.53(h)
Statistical evaluation of water-quality monitoring data will be performed for the duration
of the monitoring program, including the post-closure care period. The choice of an
appropriate statistical test depends on the type of monitoring, the nature of the data,
and the proportion of values in the data set that are below detection limits. The
statistical analysis will be performed separately for each detected constituent in each
well. The statistical methods used will be based on the USEPA Statistical Analysis of
Ground Water Monitoring Data at RCRA Facilities, Interim Final Guidance Document
(1989). All analyses will be performed in accordance with North Carolina Regulations
15A NCAC 13B.1632.
7.0 RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING
7.1 NOTIFICATIONS
Should a statistically significant increase in groundwater concentrations of monitored
parameters as defined in the North Carolina Solid Waste Rules be detected during
monitoring, the owner/operator of the landfill shall notify the NC DWM within 14 days
and will place a notice in the operating record as to which constituents showed an
increase.
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7.2 WELL ABANDONMENT/REHABILITATION
Should monitoring wells become irreversibly damaged or require rehabilitation, the
NC DWM shall be notified. If monitoring wells and/or piezometers are damaged
irreversibly they shall be abandoned under the direction of the NC DWM. The
abandonment will consist of plugging the well with a chemically inert sealant which is
impermeable, such as neat cement and/or bentonite clay. Where possible, it is
preferred to over-drill and remove the well casing, screen and filter pack prior to
grouting.
7.3 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
This Water Quality SAP shall become effective upon approval by the NC DWM and
will be implemented contingent on approval for construction of the landfill expansion.
Baseline sampling shall commence as soon as possible after the expansion phase is
granted approval and prior to waste being disposed each the new phase. Four
independent rounds of sampling and laboratory analyses of groundwater and
surface water shall be performed within six months of approval of the landfill
expansion. Sampling will then be performed semi-annually throughout the active life
of operational life of the facility and during the post-closure monitoring period, unless
an alternate sampling schedule is accepted by the NC DWM.
Table 1 presents timing of well installation and/or abandonment relative to the phase
of landfill operation. Proposed locations and anticipated screen intervals are shown
on Figure 1.
Table 1 – Installation and Abandonment Schedule
Phase Install Abandon Notes
4 MW-6R*; MW-7 MW-6; P-20S; P-
20D
*Rename existing P-21S to MW-
6R;
5 MW-8 P-26

6 None P-24, P-25

7 MW-9* None *Rename existing P-19S to MW-
9
8 None P-22

9 None P-23

Installation and abandonment procedures are discussed in detail in Section 8.
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8.0 WELL CONSTRUCTION AND DECOMMISSIONING SPECIFICATIONS
Table 1 presents timing of well installation and/or abandonment relative to each phase
of landfill operation. The following subsections describe construction and abandonment
specifications.
8.1 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
The proposed Type II groundwater monitoring wells will be installed using a hollow-
stem auger drilling rig. All Type II wells will be constructed of 2-inch ID Schedule 40
PVC well casing and 10 feet of machine-slotted well screen with 0.010” slots. A
sand pack will be emplaced within the annular space to approximately 2 feet above
the top of the well screen, above which a 2-foot thick bentonite seal will be installed.
The annular space will be finished with Portland cement/bentonite slurry to grade.
The wells will be finished with solid PVC risers extending approximately 2 to 3 feet
above grade and installed in a locking steel casing with concrete pad. All
piezometers will be installed and constructed in accordance with North Carolina Well
Standards.
Soil samples will be collected at each drilling location for lithologic descriptions using
the standard penetration test (SPT) method with a 140-lb sliding hammer and steel
split-spoon samplers. Samples will be collected in 2-feet intervals for every five feet
of depth to the completion depth of the boring. The soil retained in each split-spoon
sampler will be logged by a geologist with respect to texture, composition, color, and
moisture content. In addition, one soil sample collected from the saturated zone at
each drilling location will be retained and submitted for grain size analysis at a
geotechnical laboratory to allow for estimating the specific yield of the aquifer
sediments. Additional soil index testing will be performed on select samples to
further characterize overburden soils.
The augers, drill pipe, and drill rig will be decontaminated using a pressure washer
prior to and following completion of drilling for the project. Each well will be
developed after installation using a down hole pump or bailer until the discharge
water appears to be free of suspended sediments or for a maximum of one hour.
Each well will be surveyed relative to the existing site datum for horizontal position
and elevation by a North Carolina licensed surveyor. At each well, elevations will be
measured of the ground surface and top of the solid PVC riser. A permanent mark
will be made on the top of the PVC riser at the point where the elevation
measurement is made for future reference when collecting depth to water data.
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8.2 ABANDONMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Locations to be abandoned shall be over-drilled using using hollow-stem augers to
remove installed well materials. Bore holes shall be abandoned by tremie grounting,
using a cement-bentonite grout. Well materials shall be properly disposed of upon
completion.