HomeMy WebLinkAbout7906_Duke_DanRiver_Area1SoilSamplingPlan_DIN26909_20161025Belews Creek Steam Station 3195 Pine Hall Road Belews Creek, NC 27009
336-445-0610
336-669-2994
www.duke-energy.com Page 1 of 2
October 25, 2016
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
2090 U.S. Highway 70
Swannanoa, North Carolina 28778 Attn: Mr. Larry Frost (electronic delivery only)
Re: Excavation Soil Sampling Plan
For Area 1 Dry Stack
Duke Energy Dan River Steam Station Permit No. 7906-INDUS-2016
Rockingham County
Eden, North Carolina 27288
Dear Mr. Frost,
On October 11, 2016, Duke Energy received Guidance for Area 1 Dry Stack at the Dan River
Steam Station (DIN 26815). In response to that guidance, an Excavation Soil Sampling Plan has
been prepared and is being submitted for review by the Solid Waste Section.
Duke Energy is committed to excellent environmental stewardship and cooperation with the
Division regarding the operation, maintenance, safety, and integrity of all of its facilities. We
look forward to continuing to work with you regarding environmental concerns.
If there are any questions regarding this request, please contact Melonie Martin at (336) 445-0610.
Respectfully submitted,
Melonie Martin
Environmental Services
Attachment: Excavation Soil Sampling Plan
www.duke-energy.com Page 2 of 2
cc (via e-mail): Elizabeth Warner, NCDEQ
Shawn McKee, NCDEQ
Shannon Aufman, NCDEQ
Ellen Lorscheider, NCDEQ Melonie Martin, Duke Energy
Ed Sullivan, Duke Energy
EXCAVATION SOIL SAMPLING PLAN
FOR AREA 1 DRY STACK
DUKE ENERGY DAN RIVER STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC.
526 SOUTH CHURCH STREET/EC13K
CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA 28202
Waste & Groundwater Programs
Revision 0
October 2016
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1.0 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................1
2.0 SOIL SAMPLING METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................1
2.1 Method Summary 1
2.1.1 Equipment 1
2.1.2 Sample Locations 2
2.1.3 Collection of Representative Samples 2
2.1.4 Sample Preservation, Containers, Handling and Storage 3
2.1.5 Decontamination 4
3.0 VISUAL CONFIRMATION OF ASH REMOVAL ..............................................................................4
3.1 Pre-Excavation Documentation 4
3.2 Ash Removal Verification Protocol 4
3.2.1 Field Documentation 5
3.2.2 Fill Evaluation Criteria 5
3.3 Visual Removal Not Applicable 6
4.0 SOIL SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS ...............................................................................................6
4.1 Soil Sampling 6
4.1.1 Scenario 1 6
4.1.2 Scenario 2 7
4.2 Fate and Transport Modeling 7
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 - Soil Parameters and Analytical Methods
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page 1
1.0 PURPOSE
The purpose of this Excavation Soil Sampling Plan is to provide a standardized method for collecting soil
samples at Duke Energy Dan River Steam Station Area 1 Dry Stack. Soil samples are being collected to
verify removal of CCR material per the NCDEQ Guidance (DIN 26815) provided on October 11, 2016.
This Excavation Soil Sampling Plan is applicable to the collection of representative soil samples. Analysis
of soil samples may be chemical or physical in nature and may be used to determine the following:
• Extent and magnitude of constituent occurrence
• Input concentrations for groundwater fate and transport model
The methodologies discussed in this Excavation Soil Sampling Plan are applicable to the sampling of soil
in the Area 1 Dry Stack at Dan River Steam Station. For the purposes of this plan, soils are those mineral
and organic materials remaining (above bedrock and above the groundwater surface) after all visible ash
has been excavated.
2.0 SOIL SAMPLING METHODOLOGY
2.1 Method Summary
This Excavation Soil Sampling Plan has been adapted from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) #2012 and #2006; and North Carolina Department of
Environmental Quality (DEQ) Attachment 1 Coal Combustion Residuals Surface Impoundment Closure
Guidelines for Protection of Groundwater, September 2016.
Soil samples are collected directly using stainless steel or plastic trowel, spade, shovel, or scoops.
Following collection, soil is transferred from the sampling device to a stainless steel or plastic bowl to be
homogenized. Once homogenized, the soil is transferred into Duke Energy Laboratory supplied sample
bottles.
Soil samples will be submitted for total metals analysis. Analytical methods for total metals are
described in Table 1. CCR material presence is quantitatively determined by polarized light microscopy
(PLM) by RJ Lee Laboratory (or other approved vendor). PLM analysis passes visible light through a pair
of polarizing filters to create optical effects used in identifying unknown materials. This method is
commonly used in asbestos and coal ash identification.
2.1.1 Equipment
• Stainless steel or plastic trowel, scoop, spade or shovel – used for collecting soil samples
from surface locations.
• Sample containers – To be supplied by Duke Energy Laboratory with appropriate
cooler(s). Estimated that 5-8 ounce samples bottles with Teflon-lined lids will be
required for each sample location and sample depth. For return of cooler to the lab, ice
will be required.
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page 2
• Gloves – used for personal protection and to prevent cross-contamination of samples –
nitrile, disposable, powderless.
• Field clothing and Personal Protective Equipment – used as specified in the site Health
and Safety Plan.
• Sampling flags – used for identifying soil sampling locations.
• Field notebook – a bound book used to record progress of sampling effort and record
any problems and field observations during sampling.
• Three-ring binder book – used to store necessary forms and record and track samples
collected at the site.
• Permanent marking pen – used to label sample containers, document field logbooks and
data sheets.
• Stainless steel or plastic spoon – used for homogenizing soil samples within a stainless
steel or plastic bowl.
• Stainless steel or plastic bowl – used for homogenizing soil samples, when applicable.
• Camera – used for photo-documentation of sample locations and samples.
• GPS – device used to obtain elevation, latitude and longitude of sample location.
• Trash bag – used to dispose of gloves and any other non-hazardous waste generated
during sampling.
• Decontamination supplies and equipment.
2.1.2 Sample Locations
General locations for soil sampling are determined by the soil scientist in the field at a rate of
one soil sample for every 1 acre of area excavated. Actual sampling locations on-site may vary
to account for site conditions and to allow collection of representative samples. Collection of
Representative Samples
For the purpose of this plan, surface soil is considered to range from 0 to 6 inches in depth while
deeper samples are considered to two feet below ground surface (unless bedrock, refusal, or
the water table are encountered). A surface soil sample and deeper samples will be collected at
each location for every 1 acre of area excavated. A new pair of nitrile gloves is worn at each
sampling location and each depth. Each sampling location is recorded on the site map prior to
collecting the sample if location is not already noted on the map. The GPS location of each
sampling location (i.e. elevation, latitude and longitude), sample descriptions, and area
photographs are also recorded. All sampling and homogenizing equipment is decontaminated
prior to use irrespective of depth. The following procedure will be used to collect representative
soil samples with a scoop, shovel, or trowel:
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page 3
• Locate general sampling locations.
• Determine suitability of sampling location for a representative sample.
• If sampling location appears to reflect conditions that are representative of the
subject grid cell, proceed with sampling procedure. If location is not
representative of the grid cell, notify the project manager so an alternate
location can be identified.
• Using a decontaminated sampling instrument, remove the desired thickness and
volume of soil from the sampling area. Will require enough soil to fill five 8-
ounce sample bottles.
• Transfer the sample into an appropriate sample or homogenization bowl. Non-
dedicated containers should be adequately decontaminated. Stir for
approximately one minute until there appears to be a uniform color and
consistency.
• Transfer homogenized sample to a labeled container(s) of appropriate size and
construction for the analyses requested.
• Secure sample container tightly.
2.1.3 Sample Preservation, Containers, Handling and Storage
Chemical preservation of soils is generally not recommended. Cooling to 4oC on wet ice is
usually the best approach, supplemented by the appropriate holding time for the analyses
requested.
The Duke Energy Laboratory will supply the appropriate sample bottles for the collected soil
samples. The sample volume is a function of the analytical requirements and the Duke Energy
Laboratory will ensure the appropriate number of bottles is supplied.
Table 1 contains a list of parameters to be analyzed with corresponding reporting units and
analytical methods. If a parameter or group of parameters is not included in Table 1, the
laboratory performing the analysis should be contacted to determine the appropriate sample
bottles, volumes, and preservatives.
All non-dedicated sampling/homogenizing devices should be decontaminated and wrapped in
plastic. The sampling device should remain in this wrapping until it is needed. Each
sampling/homogenizing device should be used for only one sample and then decontaminated or
disposed of. Non dedicated sampling/homogenizing devices should be cleaned in the field using
the decontamination procedure described below.
2.1.4 Decontamination
Decontamination procedures can be time consuming; having a sufficient quantity of sampling
tools available is recommended. All non-dedicated sampling/homogenizing equipment must be
decontaminated prior to reuse. Equipment decontamination consists of:
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page 4
1. Detergent wash and brush cleaning
2. Tap water rinse
3. Deionized water rinse
4. Air dry
5. Wrap sampling tools with plastic
3.0 VISUAL CONFIRMATION OF ASH REMOVAL
3.1 Pre-Excavation Documentation
Closure by removal is defined herein as removing the primary source (primary source of potential
constituents of interest) to the point that CCR material is not visible to the unaided eye at the ground
surface. This method is intended solely to verify and document CCR material removal and is not
intended to validate environmental quality standards of the subsurface (considered the secondary
source of potential constituents of interest). Pre-excavation documentation would consist of:
• Review topographic mapping, aerial photography, construction drawings, and boring logs to
estimate the pre-CCR placement topography and/or CCR/soil interface
• Preparation of a figure illustrating a grid spacing of 100 feet. Each grid point (node) will be
assigned a unique identifier. Each node of the grid spacing (grid point) will represent a visual
verification location.
3.2 CCR Material Removal Verification Protocol
CCR material excavation will be considered complete based on visual confirmation that all CCR material
has been removed. CCR material removal will be based on sampling of the CCR/soil interface and
analysis by PLM. Soil samples will be examined utilizing methods outlined in American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM) D2488, Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-
Manual Procedure). Vertical and horizontal excavation of CCR material can terminate when the
remaining material can be documented using PLM to contain less than 50% CCR.
Project will excavate CCR material until a visible change in color or texture confirms removal. This
location shall be referred to as the CCR/soil interface. If visual evaluation is inconclusive, then request
additional evaluation to confirm CCR removal.
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page 5
3.2.1 Field Documentation
Evaluate the excavated surface elevation relative to the pre-CCR placement topography.
Periodically check bottom elevation to evaluate if fill is present above historic bottom elevation.
Visual confirmation will be performed on a 100 foot grid system. Soil sampling will be
performed on an acre grid system and will be analyzed using PLM.
• Personnel will locate each node by GPS or survey control, determine elevation and
evaluate whether that point is above or below the historic bottom elevation.
• Personnel will then observe the surface area represented by the node to note if visible
CCR is present at the surface. If present, the location should be documented and
excavation will need to continue. If the evaluation indicates the surface soils are
residuum or bedrock, then hand auger to two feet below surface (or refusal) and
perform visual-manual classification of the soils at the surface and depth according to
ASTM method D2488. Submit sample from depth (or shallower if refusal) for PLM
analysis. The conditions shall be documented by taking photographs.
• If the node point elevation is near the historic bottom elevation, soil is confirmed by
visual manual classification (ASTM D2488), and PLM analysis is less than 50% CCR, then
personnel can conclude the CCR material is removed.
3.3 Visual Removal Not Applicable
If possible, excavation of ash should continue even if groundwater is encountered. If Duke Energy
cannot complete visual removal because of site conditions or other restricting factors, documentation
shall be presented to DEQ.
4.0 SOIL SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Soil Sampling
Soil sampling of the remaining soils (less than 50% CCR per PLM analysis) will be necessary to evaluate
the extent any potential for the soil to act as a secondary source of contamination. Soil samples for
laboratory analysis must be collected in a manner that will ensure a relatively uniform distribution of
particles throughout the six inch sample.
The systematic approach and design for soil sampling and analysis is based upon NCDEQ Guidance (DIN
26815) provided on October 11, 2016:
Confirmation sampling will include discrete surface samples collected from the first six inches of
the soil. Sampling will be performed on an acre grid system. This sample collection
methodology shall be sufficient to characterize the horizontal extent of any remaining potential
secondary source impacts for comparison with the DEQ Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals
(PSRG). The samples shall be analyzed by a North Carolina certified laboratory for total
concentrations for the following parameters: antimony, aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium,
boron, cadmium, calcium, chloride, chromium (total and hexavalent), cobalt, copper, iron, lead,
magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, nitrate as nitrogen, pH, potassium,
Area 1 Dry Stack Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Revision 0
Page 6
selenium, silver, sodium, strontium, sulfate, thallium, vanadium and zinc. No SPLP testing is
required.
4.2 Fate and Transport Modeling
Site specific fate and transport modeling may be used to evaluate the impact of any contamination
found in excess of the applicable soil screening values.
Excavation Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC. & Duke Energy Progress, LLC. Revision 0
Table
Excavation Soil Sampling Plan October 2016
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC. Revision 0
TABLE 1
SOIL PARAMETERS AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
TOTALS AND SPLP ANALYSIS
AREA 1 DRY STACK DUKE ENERGY DAN RIVER STEAM STATION
INORGANIC COMPOUNDS UNITS METHOD1
Aluminum mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Antimony mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Arsenic mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Barium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Beryllium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Boron mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Cadmium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Calcium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Chloride mg/kg or µg/l EPA 9056A
Chromium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Cobalt mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Copper mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Hexavalent Chromium mg/kg or µg/l EPA Method
7199/218.7
Iron mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Lead mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Magnesium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Manganese mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Mercury mg/kg or µg/l EPA Method
7470A/7471B
Molybdenum mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Nickel mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Nitrate as Nitrogen mg/kg or µg/l EPA 9056A
pH SU EPA 9045D
Potassium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Selenium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Silver mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Sodium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Strontium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Sulfate mg/kg or µg/l EPA 9056A
Thallium (low level) (SPLP Extract only) mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Vanadium mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6020B
Zinc mg/kg or µg/l EPA 6010D
Notes: 1. Soil samples to be analyzed for Total Inorganics using USEPA Methods 6010/6020 and pH
using USEPA Method 9045, as noted above (or similar approved methods). Soil samples will
also be analyzed for leaching potential using SPLP Extraction Method 1312 in conjunction with
USEPA Methods 6010/6020 (or similar approved methods).