20050_Rite Aid_Phase II ESA_20090922

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Phase II ESA
Warehouse Property
1701 N. Graham St.
Charlotte, North Carolina H&H Job No. VBG-002

Table of Contents

Section Page No.

1.0 Introduction and Background .................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Site History ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Site Reconnaissance ........................................................................................................ 2

2.0 Assessment Activities ................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Greif Bros. Database Listing ................................................................................................ 4
2.2 Soil and Ground Water Sampling ........................................................................................ 4 2.2.1 General Field Methods .......................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 Soil and Ground Water Sample Collection ........................................................... 5

3.0 Assessment Results ....................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Soil Analytical Results .................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Ground Water Analytical Results .................................................................................... 9
4.0 Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................................................... 10

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List of Tables

Table 1 Summary of Soil Analytical Results
Table 2 Summary of Ground Water Analytical Results

List of Figures

Figure 1 Site Location Map
Figure 2 Site Plan and Sample Location Map

List of Appendices

Appendix A Boring Logs
Appendix B Laboratory Analytical Results and Chain of Custody Record

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Phase II ESA
Warehouse Property
1701 N. Graham Street
Charlotte, North Carolina H&H Job No. VBG-002

1.0 Introduction and Background

This report presents the results of a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) conducted by
Hart & Hickman, PC (H&H) at the warehouse property located at 1701 North Graham Street in
Charlotte, North Carolina. The subject property contains approximately 12.5 acres of land with
an approximate 170,000 square-ft warehouse. The site currently has two tenants. One of the
tenants manufactures and distributes wooden pallets (Custom Pallet), and the second tenant
stores and distributes plastic pellets (Pax Industries).

1.1 Site History

H&H reviewed a Phase I ESA dated August 11, 2008 prepared by Leonhardt Environmental to
obtain information on past uses of the subject property. The Phase I ESA indicated that the
facility was used for storage by the US Army beginning in the 1940s. From the 1950s to the late
1960s, the property was part of the Charlotte Army Missile Plant (CAMP) which manufactured
missile components for the Department of Defense. The first occupant after the site was used for
missile component manufacture was Greif Bros. Corporation, a manufacturer of corrugated paper
containers. A silo is located outside the southwest side of the building which was formerly used
for water-based glue storage. The silo is currently empty.

The Phase I ESA indicated that a former 10,000 gallon fuel oil underground storage tank (UST)
was located on the site which had been removed. No release report was associated with the UST;
however, it does not appear that sampling was conducted at the time of closure. The
environmental database report obtained as part of the Phase I ESA indicated that there was an
EPA Section 6 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) investigation conducted at the site when the site

S:\AAA-Master Projects\Vision Brokerage- VBG\VBG-002 North Graham Street\Phase II ESA\Phase II Report.doc Hart & Hickman, PC 2
was occupied by Greif Bros. Corporation. No additional information was contained in the
database report.

Based upon our past experience, H&H is aware that the former CAMP site included the subject
site and multiple buildings to the northwest and west of the site which are on separate land
parcels. The Army Corps of Engineers has conducted assessment activities at portions of the
CAMP site located west and northwest of the subject site on behalf of the Department of
Defense. The results of these assessment activities have indicated the presence of chlorinated
solvents in ground water from past degreasing activities. No assessment of the subject site has
been conducted by the Corps of Engineers. The closest ground water monitor wells to the
subject site installed by the Corps of Engineers have indicated no or very low ground water
impact.

1.2 Site Reconnaissance

In October 2008, H&H conducted a site visit to identify potential areas of concern at the site.
The results of the site reconnaissance indicated the following:

• H&H identified one large and one small concrete filled pit with possible overhead former
roof vents in the northern portion of the warehouse. Based upon our experience at other
portions of the CAMP site, it was possible that these types of structures may have been
associated with former solvent degreasing, plating, and/or painting.

• H&H identified one area of cut-off bolts below a possible roof vent in the northeastern
portion of the warehouse. This area may also have been associated with former solvent
degreasing, plating, and/or painting.

• H&H identified a possible filled in floor drain in the northeast portion of the building.

S:\AAA-Master Projects\Vision Brokerage- VBG\VBG-002 North Graham Street\Phase II ESA\Phase II Report.doc Hart & Hickman, PC 3
• H&H traced the fuel oil lines from the boiler room to an area located southeast of the site
warehouse building near the silo and identified this area as the location of the former
10,000-gallon fuel oil UST. H&H also identified a vent pipe running up the northeast
side of the building near this area.

• H&H did not identify any other obvious areas of concern associated with the site during
our site visit.

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2.0 Assessment Activities

2.1 Greif Bros. Database Listing

As noted above, the environmental database report obtained as part of the Phase I ESA indicated
that there was an EPA Section 6 PCB investigation conducted at the site when the site was
occupied by Greif Bros. Corporation. H&H contacted EPA Region 4 in Atlanta and requested
that they conduct a Freedom of Information Action search of their records concerning this listing.
EPA was only able to provide the same information as was contained in the EDR database report
in the Phase I ESA. As such, the listing does not appear to be a significant concern. To further
investigate the listing, soil samples collected during the Phase II ESA were analyzed for PCBs.

2.2 Soil and Ground Water Sampling

H&H conducted soil and ground water sampling activities in potential areas of concern at the site
on October 11, 2008. The potential areas of concern were the area of cut off bolts/roof vent, the
filled in larger pit, the filled in smaller pit, possible filled in floor drain, and the former fuel oil
UST. The potential areas of concern are identified in Figure 2. The methods and results of the
sampling activities are provided below.

2.2.1 General Field Methods

Prior to the drilling activities, H&H retained a private utility locator to mark utilities in the
vicinity of the soil borings and to mark potential lines in the vicinity of the former UST. The
utility locator identified a line (believed to be a product line) extending from a corner on the
southeast-central side of the building to the UST basin, and a line extending from the vent pipe
on the southeast side of the building to the UST basin (see Figure 2). As such, the location of the
former UST was well defined by the line marking activities.

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Soil borings were advanced using direct push technology (DPT) methods. During boring
advancement, soil cores were collected using a macro-core sampler at five-foot intervals. Soil
from each interval was described based on lithology (i.e., moisture, stiffness, color, texture) and
screened for organic vapors using a photo-ionization detector (PID). The sample interval was
determined based on visual observations and/or field screening results. Boring logs are presented
in Appendix A.

Three of the soil borings were completed as temporary monitoring wells. Temporary monitoring
wells were constructed of one-inch diameter PVC with a 15 ft section of 10-slot well screen
placed to bracket the water table. Following installation of monitoring wells, the depth-to-water
in each well was obtained using an electronic water level meter. The depth to water below the
site was approximately 20 to 25 ft below the level of the building. A minimum of one well
casing volume was then purged with a dedicated polyethylene bailer. During well purging,
measurements of pH, conductivity, and temperature were collected. Once field parameters
stabilized, ground water samples were collected for laboratory analysis.

Soil and ground water samples were collected in laboratory provided sample containers.
Laboratory analyses of the samples were conducted by Test America laboratories. A chain-of-
custody record was completed for samples collected and included the sample designation, date
collected, time collected, matrix, sample container information, and requested analyses. The
completed chain-of-custody record was signed by H&H sampling personnel prior to placement in
an iced cooler for delivery to the analytical laboratory. The laboratory analytical data report and
chain-of-custody record are included in Appendix B.

2.2.2 Soil and Ground Water Sample Collection

Area of Cut-Off Bolts and Roof Vent
One soil boring (SB-1) was advanced to a depth of 30 ft in the area of the cut-off bolts/roof vent
and completed with a temporary monitoring well (TW-1). Based on field screening results, soil
sample SB-1 was collected from a depth of 3-5 ft and analyzed for volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) by EPA Method 8260, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) by EPA Method

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8270, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by EPA Method 8082, and the hazardous substance list
(HSL) metals (antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, hexavalent chromium, copper,
lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, and zinc). The ground water
sample (TW-1) collected from the temporary well was analyzed for VOCs by EPA Method 8260.

Area of Large Filled Pit
Four soil borings (SB-2, SB-3, SB-4, and SB-5) were advanced around the large filled pit in the
northeastern portion of the building (Figure 2). Soil borings SB-2 and SB-4 were advanced to a
depth of 14 ft (due to refusal) and SB-5 was advanced to 15 ft. Soil boring SB-3 on the
downgradient side of the pit was advanced to 30 ft and temporary monitoring well TW-2 was
installed at this location. Based upon field screening results, soil samples from three of the
borings (SB-2, SB-3, and SB-5) were collected at a depth of 5-7 ft and analyzed for VOCs,
SVOCs, PCBs, and HSL metals. The ground water sample collected from TW-2 was analyzed
for VOCs.

Area of Small Filled Pit
Four soil borings (SB-6, SB-7, SB-8, and SB-9) were advanced around the smaller filled pit to
the south of the larger pit (Figure 2). SB-7, SB-8, and SB-9 were advanced to a depth of 15 ft,
and SB-6 was advanced to 30 ft for installation of temporary monitoring well TW-3. Based on
field screening, soil samples were collected from borings SB-6 and SB-9 at depth of 8-10 ft and
were analyzed for VOCs, SVOCs, PCBs, and HSL metals. The ground water sample from TW-3
was analyzed VOCs.

Possible Filled Floor Drain
Soil boring SB-10 was advanced to a depth of 15 ft at a location adjacent to a suspected former
floor drain in the northeast part of the building (Figure 2). Based on field screening, a soil
sample (SB-10) was collected at a depth of 8-10 ft and was analyzed for VOCs, SVOCs, PCBs,
and HSL metals.

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Former Fuel Oil UST
Two soil borings (SB-11 and SB-12) were advanced to a depth of 15 ft in the former UST basin,
and one boring (SB-13) was advanced to 5 ft along the product line (Figure 2). Based on field
screening results, H&H collected soil samples SB-11 and SB-12 at a depth of 8-10 ft and 3-5 ft,
respectively in the former UST basin. The samples were analyzed for gasoline range and diesel
range total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH-GRO and TPH-DRO) by EPA Method 8015B.

Background location
To assess naturally occurring concentrations of metals in soil compared to those metals
concentrations in soil samples from potential areas of concern, H&H advanced one background
soil boring (SB-14) in the southeast portion of the property approximately 50 ft east of the
building (Figure 2). The background soil sample was collected from 3-5 ft and analyzed for HSL
metals.

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3.0 Assessment Results

3.1 Soil Analytical Results

The results of the soil samples analyses are summarized in Table 1, and the laboratory analytical
data sheets are provided in Appendix B. The soil analytical data were compared to the following
screening levels: DENR Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch (IHSB) Soil Remediation Goals
(SRGs) for unrestricted use, the IHSB SRGs for protection of ground water, the EPA Regional
Screening Levels (RSLs) for industrial soil and, for the UST area soil samples, the DENR UST
Section action levels. In addition, metals data were compared to the site-specific metals data and
regional background metals concentrations published in literature.

The results of the soil sample analyses indicate that no SVOCs were detected in any of the soil
samples. Low concentrations of the VOC acetone were detected in samples SB-2, SB-3, and SB-
5 but the concentrations are well below the screening levels. In addition, acetone is a common
laboratory contaminant. Trichloroethene (TCE) was detected in sample SB-9 at a trace
concentration below the screening levels. A low PCB concentration was detected in soil sample
SB-9 only, but at a concentration below the screening levels.

The results of the metals analyses indicate that all of the sample concentrations were consistent
with site-specific or regional screening levels except potentially selenium in SB-3 and SB-6 and
zinc in SB-3. However, the detected selenium and zinc concentrations were less than the
regulatory screening levels.

The results of the soil sample analyses collected from the area of the former UST indicate that
one soil sample (SB-12) from the UST basin contained TPH-DRO at a concentration of 30
mg/kg which slightly exceeds the DENR UST Section action level of 10 mg/kg.

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3.2 Ground Water Analytical Results

The results of the ground water analyses are summarized in Table 2, and the laboratory analytical
data sheets are included in Appendix B. The ground water analytical data were compared to the
North Carolina ground water standards.

The results of the ground water analyses indicate that only a low concentration of the VOC
chloroform was detected in sample TW-2. The detected chloroform concentration of 2.85 µg/L
is less than the North Carolina ground water standard of 70 µg/L. Chloroform can also be a
laboratory contaminant. No other VOCs were detected in TW-2, and no VOCs were detected in
TW-2 or TW-3.

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4.0 Conclusions and Recommendations

Based on the results of the soil and ground water sampling, H&H makes the following
conclusions and recommendations:

• The results of the soil and ground water sample analyses do not indicate any significant
soil or ground water impacts in the identified potential areas of concern in the
northeastern part of the building. As such, there is no evidence of significant impact
from historical site activities in this area of the site.

• One soil sample in the area of the former UST basin contained a TPH-DRO
concentration slightly above the DENR UST Section action level. H&H recommends
performance of a Phase I Limited Site Assessment (LSA) in accordance with DENR
UST Section guidance. The purpose of the Phase I LSA is to collect risk-based soil and
ground water samples and perform a receptor survey to determine if the UST incident
can obtain a no further action letter.

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R
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s
Regional Background Metals Concentration Range (2) (mg/kg)
17
0
1

N
.

G
r
a
h
a
m

S
t
.
DENR UST Section Action Level (mg/kg)EPA Regional Screening Levels Commercial/ Industrial Soil (mg/kg)DENR Inactive Hazardous Sites Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goals (mg/kg)DENR Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites Unrestricted Use Soil Remediation Goals (mg/kg)
Wa
r
e
h
o
u
s
e

P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Ch
a
r
l
o
t
t
e
,

N
o
r
t
h

C
a
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o
l
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n
a
H&
H

P
r
o
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e
c
t

N
o
.

V
B
G
-
0
0
2
Screening Levels
Sample ID TW-1 TW-2 TW-3
Date 10/11/2008 10/11/2008 10/11/2008
VOCs (8260B)
Chloroform <1.00 2.85 <1.00 70
Notes:
concentrations reported in µg/L;
number in parentheses indicates laboratory method;
VOCs=volatile organic compounds
Table 2
NC 2L Ground
Water Standard
Summary of Ground Water Analytical Results
Warehouse Property
Charlotte, North Carolina
H&H Project No. VBG-002
1701 N. Graham St.
TITLE
PROJECT
SITE LOCATION MAP
WAREHOUSE PROPERTY
CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA
DATE:
JOB NO:
REVISION NO:
FIGURE NO:
11-20-08 0
1VBG-002
0 2000 4000
APPROXIMATE
SCALE IN FEET
N
U.S.G.S. QUADRANGLE MAP
QUADRANGLE
7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC)
CHARLOTTE, NC 1967 (Photo-revised 1988)
SITE