2906-MSWLF-1994_DavidsonCountyMSWLinedLandfill_GWMReport_DIN26494_20160321

MARCH 2016 SEMI-ANNUAL GROUNDWATER
MONITORING REPORT
DAVIDSON COUNTY PHASE I LINED LANDFILL
NORTH CAROLINA SOLIDWASTE PERMIT NUMER 29-06
PREPARED FOR:
DAVIDSON COUNTY INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE
1242 OLD HIGHWAY 29
THOMASVILLE,NORTH CAROLINA 27360-0024
PREPARED BY:
PILOT ENVIRONMENTAL,INC
743 PARKLAWN COURT
KERNERSVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA 27285
MAY 18, 2016
PEI PROJECT NO.1760
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
March 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report
May 18,2016
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No 29-06
March 2016 Groundwater Monitoring Report
1.0 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1
2.0 SITE GEOLOGY .......................................................................................................1
3.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS...........................................................................................1
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES........................................................................................2
5.0 RESULTS ...............................................................................................................2
5.1 FIELD RESULTS ............................................................................................................2
5.2 LABORATORY ANALYSIS..............................................................................................2
5.2.1 Inorganic Constituents .........................................................................................3
5.2.2 Organic Constituents ................................................................................3
5.2.3 Surface Water..........................................................................................3
5.2.4 Leachate .................................................................................................3
6.0 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ...........................................................................................3
7.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATON .....................................................................3
8.0 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................4
9.0 QUALIFICATIONS OF REPORT..................................................................................4
DRAWINGS
Drawing 1 Potentiometric Surface Map
TABLES
Table 1 Groundwater Elevations
Table 2 Field Parameters
Table 3 Summary of Analytical Results
Table 4 Leachate Analytical Data
Table 5 Groundwater Velocity Calculations
APPENDIX
Appendix A Monitoring Well Logs
Appendix B Laboratory Data Sheets and Chain of Custody Documents
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report
May 18,2016
Page 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Pilot Environmental, Inc. (PEI)was contracted by Davidson County to conduct semi-annual
groundwater monitoring at the Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill, permit number 29-06 as
required by 15A NCAC 13B .1600. Sampling was conducted on March 21, 2016. This report
summarizes the sampling procedures, field and laboratory results and groundwater
characterization as required by North Carolina Solid Waste Regulations.Drawings, summary
tables and laboratory analytical reports are included.
2.0 SITE GEOLOGY
The Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill facility is located in the Piedmont Physiographic
Province of North Carolina.The Piedmont Physiographic Province generally consists of hills and
ridges which are dissected by a system of swales and streams. The Piedmont Physiographic
Province is predominantly underlain by metamorphic rock (formed by heat, pressure and/or
chemical action) and igneous rock (formed directly from molten material). The topography and
relief of the Piedmont Physiographic Province has developed from differential weathering of the
igneous and metamorphic rock. Ridges and hills have been developed in areas of less weathered
rock. Because of the continued chemical and physical weathering, rock in the Piedmont
Physiographic Province is generally covered with a mantle of soil that has weathered in place
from the parent bedrock. These soils vary in thickness and are referred to as residuum or residual
soils. The residuum is typically finer grained and has higher clay content near the surface because
of the advanced weathering. Similarly, the soils typically become coarser grained with increasing
depth because of decreased weathering. As the weathering decreases, the residual soils
generally retain the overall appearance, texture and foliations of the parent rock.
According to the Geologic Map of North Carolina (USGS 1985), the site lies within the Carolina
Slate Belt in an area of predominantly volcanic and sedimentary rocks of Late Proterozoic to
Cambrian age that have been metamorphosed and intruded by numerous igneous plutons. The
boundary zone between the Carolina Slate Belt and the adjacent Charlotte Belt is known as the
Gold Hill/Silver Hill shear zone. The site and surrounding property appear to be underlain by
volcanic rocks from the Flat Swamp Member of the CID Formation and metavolcanic rocks of the
Battleground Formation.The encountered lithology includes sand, silts, partially weathered rock
and hard rock (granite).
3.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS
The groundwater monitoring network for the Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill includes
thirteen monitoring wells (MW-1S, MW-2, MW-3, MW-4, MW-5, MW-6,MW-7S, MW-7D, MW-
8,MW-9A, MW-10, MW-11 and MW-12), two surface water samples (SW-1 and SW-2) and one
leachate location (leachate).The upgradient well for the Phase I Lined Landfill is MW-1S. A trip
blank was submitted for quality control purposes. Sample locations are shown on Drawing 1.
Available monitoring well logs are included in Appendix A.
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report
May 18,2016
Page 2
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
Sampling procedures followed the protocols outlined in the Water Quality Monitoring Plan and
the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Division of Waste
Management Water Quality Monitoring Guidance Document for Solid Waste Facilities.
Prior to sampling, PEI personnel measured the depth to groundwater in each well. Following
measurement of groundwater depth, each well was purged by removing three to five well volumes
or until dry twice.Groundwater elevations are provided in Table 1.
Laboratory prepared containers were provided by Research and Analytical Laboratories, Inc.in
Kernersville, North Carolina (North Carolina Laboratory Certification Number 34).After being
filled, the sample containers were appropriately labeled, placed into a cooler containing ice to
maintain temperature control and transported to the laboratory facility within the specified hold
time for each analysis.
Sampling wells and surface water sample locations were inspected and observed to be in good
condition and free of obstruction at the time of sampling.
5.0 RESULTS
5.1 FIELD RESULTS
Temperature, pH, specific conductance and turbidity were measured in the field at the time of
sampling. The field parameter results are summarized in Table 2.
5.2 LABORATORY ANALYSIS
Samples were transported to R&A Laboratories where they were analyzed for metals using EPA
Method 200.7 and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) using EPA Method 8260B. The leachate
sample was also sampled for BOD, COD, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and sulfate via NCDEQ
DWM Solid Waste Section (SWS) approved methods.
Analytical results were compared to the NCDEQ DWM SWS Quantitation Limits (SWSLs), 15A
NCAC 2L.0200 Groundwater Quality Standards (2L Standards), SWS established Groundwater
Protection Standards (GWP) and the Federal Maximum Contaminant Limits (MCLs). Analytical
results of surface water samples were compared with the NCAC 2B Standard for Class C waters
(2B Standards)
Most constituents were reported below the method detection limit (MDL) or at non-quantifiable
values (J-value) defined by the laboratory as between the MDL and the SWL.
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report
May 18,2016
Page 3
5.2.1 Inorganic Constituents
Laboratory analysis detected several low solubility metal analytes at concentrations above their
respective 2L Standards, GWP Standards or SWSLs in monitoring wells MW-2, MW-3 and MW-8.
Field parameters of these monitoring wells indicated high turbidity at the time of sampling.
Based on elevated turbidity in the samples noted at the time of collection, the elevated
concentrations are attributed to be false positives caused by sediment reacting with preservative
in the sample container.
Laboratory analysis detected chromium at a concentration exceeding its respective 2L Standard
and SWSL in MW-9A. A summary of laboratory analytical results is provided in Table 3.
5.2.2 Organic Constituents
Laboratory analysis did not detect VOCs at concentrations above the method detection limits. A
summary of laboratory analytical results is provided in Table 3.
5.2.3 Surface Water
Laboratory analysis of surface water samples did not detect constituents at concentrations above
the 2B Standards.A summary of laboratory analytical results is provided in Table 3.
5.2.4 Leachate
Leachate samples were collected from the leachate collection system. A summary of
constituents detected in the leachate sample is provided in Table 4.
6.0 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
No statistical analyses were performed on the analytical data based on 15A NCAC 13B.1632 and
.1633, effective April 1, 2011.
7.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATON
A potentiometric surface map was prepared from groundwater elevation data collected during
this sampling event. Based on groundwater elevation data measured during this sampling event,
groundwater flow direction was determined to be to the northwest, consistent with historic
groundwater flow patterns at the site.The potentiometric surface map is included as Drawing 1.
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report
May 18,2016
Page 4
Groundwater flow velocities were also calculated for this sampling event. Groundwater flow
velocities were calculated for monitoring wells using the equation:
V = Ki/n
Where:V = average velocity of groundwater flow
K = hydraulic conductivity
i = groundwater gradient
n = porosity
Groundwater velocities ranged from 0.011 ft/day (MW-6) to 3.074 ft/day (MW-9A) with an
average of 0.475 ft/day. A summary of the measurements and calculations are provided in Table
5.
8.0 CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results of the laboratory analysis,PEI concludes the following:
Laboratory analysis detected several low solubility metal analytes at elevated concentrations in
monitoring wells MW-2, MW-3 and MW-8. Field parameters of these monitoring wells indicated
high turbidity at the time of sampling. Based on elevated turbidity in the samples noted at the
time of collection, the elevated concentrations are attributed to be false positives caused by
sediment reacting with preservative in the sample container.
Laboratory analysis detected chromium at a concentration exceeding its respective 2L Standard
and SWSL in MW-9A.
The analytical results for the Phase I Lined Landfill are consistent with historic detections.
Concentrations detected are likely due to variations in naturally occurring constituents or
elevated turbidity in the groundwater monitoring well at the time of sampling and are not
indicative of groundwater impact from the landfill.
9.0 QUALIFICATIONS OF REPORT
The activities and evaluative approaches used in this assessment are consistent with those
normally employed in groundwater assessment projects of this type. Our evaluation of site
conditions has been based on our understanding of the site project information and the data
obtained during our field activities. This report was prepared for the express use of Davidson
County Integrated Solid Waste.
DRAWINGS
Drawing 1 Potentiometric Map
LEGEND
Monitoring Well/Surface Water Sample TOC = Top of Casing
Waste Boundary DTW = Depth to Water
Groundwater Surface Contour GWE = Groundwater Elevation
Drawing 1
2015 Imagery from
Google Earth
Scale: 1” =200’
Date: May 9, 2016
Potentiometric Surface Map
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
Lexington, Davidson County,
North Carolina
PEI Project 1760
MW-2
TOC = 708.29
DTW = 39.60
GWE = 668.69
MW-1S
TOC = 736.20
DTW = 54.30
GWE = 681.90
MW-1D
MW-12
TOC = 711.65
DTW = 46.60
GWE = 665.06
SW-1
SW-2
Leachate
Pond
MW-11
TOC = 692.10
DTW = 26.61
GWE = 665.49
MW-10
TOC = 671.64
DTW = 15.80
GWE = 665.84
MW-9A
TOC = 692.60
DTW = 24.70
GWE = 667.90
MW-8
TOC = 661.16
DTW = 7.48
GWE = 653.68
MW-7S
TOC = 663.39
DTW = 7.60
GWE = 655.79
MW-7D
TOC = 663.59
DTW = 7.63
GWE = 655.96
MW-6
TOC = 694.13
DTW = 33.98
GWE = 660.15
MW-5
TOC = 678.23
DTW = 25.53
GWE = 652.70
MW-4
TOC = 673.68
DTW = 19.12
GWE = 654.56
MW-3
TOC = 666.72
DTW = 12.18
GWE = 654.54
CDMW-5
TOC = 699.8
DTW = 24.04
GWE = 675.76
CDMW-3
TOC = 685.0
DTW = 13.60
GWE = 671.40
CDMW-2
TOC = 704.80
DTW = 38.05
GWE = 666.75
CDMW-7
TOC = 701.11
DTW = 28.58
GWE = 672.53
CDMW-6
TOC = 692.27
DTW = 10.37
GWE = 681.90
Phase I Lined Landfill C&D Landfill
Leachate
TABLES
Table 1 Groundwater Elevations
Table 2 Field Parameters
Table 3 Summary of Groundwater Analytical Results
Table 4 Leachate Analytical Data
Table 5 Groundwater Velocity Calculations
PEI Project 1760
Monitoring
Well
Well
Installation
Date
Latitude Longitude
Well
Diamter
(Inches)
Total
Well
Depth
(feet
bgs)
Ground
Surface
Elevation
(feet amsl)
TOC
Elevation
(feet amsl)
Depth to
Water*
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation (feet)
Screen
Interval
(feet bgs)
Screen Geology
MW-1S**6/19/1991 35.84160 80.17795 2.0 62.5 731.10 736.20 54.30 681.90 47.5-62.5 schist
MW-2 5/5/1994 35.84139 80.18294 2.0 39.0 704.59 708.29 39.60 668.69 24.0-39.0 diorite
MW-3 4/27/1994 35.84426 80.17685 2.0 20.0 663.89 666.72 12.18 654.54 7.5-17.5 sand, silt and clay
MW-4 4/28/1994 35.84468 80.17803 2.0 20.0 682.10 673.68 19.12 654.56 10.0-20.0 sand, silt and clay
MW-5 3/24/2008 35.84490 80.17870 2.0 38.0 676.29 678.23 25.53 652.70 28.0-38.0 clayey silt
MW-6 6/7/1994 35.84419 80.17941 2.0 68.5 691.19 694.13 33.98 660.15 58.5-68.5 granite gneiss
MW-7S 4/25/1994 35.84409 80.18056 2.0 15.0 661.35 663.39 7.60 655.79 5.0-15.0 clay and silt or sand
MW-7D 4/26/1994 35.84404 80.18064 2.0 46.0 661.13 663.59 7.63 655.96 36.0-46.0 sand and clay
MW-8 4/27/1994 35.84438 80.18226 2.0 15.0 661.31 661.16 7.48 653.68 5.0-15.0 sand, silt and clay
MW-9A 11/11/2010 35.84381 80.18290 2.0 33.0 691.34 692.60 24.70 667.90 23.0-33.0 silt and PWR
MW-10 9/8/1999 35.84356 80.18383 2.0 27.5 667.00 671.64 15.80 655.84 17.5-27.5 diorite
MW-11 12/18/1997 35.84274 80.18392 2.0 33.0 689.22 692.10 26.61 665.49 23.0-33.0 rock
MW-12 9/7/1999 35.84194 80.18391 2.0 80.0 709.29 711.66 46.60 665.06 70.0-80.0 granite pegmatite
Notes:
amsl = above mean sea level
bgs = below ground surface
TOC = Top of casing
*Depth to water measured from TOC
**MW-1s is the same well as MW-4 associasted with Holly Grove Landfill
Groundwater Elevations
March 21, 2016
TABLE 1
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
PEI Project 1760
Monitoring
Well
pH (Standard
Units)
Conductivity
(umhos)
Temperature
(celsius)Turbity (NTU)
MW-1S*6.28 65.4 17.4 4.69
MW-2 7.15 202 12.3 71.8
MW-3 6.61 239 15.1 116.1
MW-4 5.91 147 14.5 81.3
MW-5 6.51 148.1 16.8 15.36
MW-6 6.84 155.9 16.8 10.83
MW-7S 6.41 104.5 13.1 24.7
MW-7D 6.62 34.8 16.5 4.49
MW-8 5.66 66.2 15.2 106.4
MW-9A 6.91 263 13.6 6.98
MW-10 6.67 312.3 15.1 3.21
MW-11 6.65 425 15.1 5.56
MW-12 7.08 512 14.1 11.67
SW-1 7.2 232 12.6 4.78
SW-2 7.02 182.1 15.9 5.79
Notes:
*MW-1s is the same well as MW-4 associated with the Holly Grove Landfill
TABLE 2
Field Parameters
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
March 21, 2016
PEI Project 1760
Parameter
Sample ID MW-1S*MW-2 MW-3 MW-4 MW-5 MW-6 MW-7S MW-7D MW-8 MW-9A MW-10 MW-11 MW-12 SW-1 SW-2 MDL MRL SWSL 2L or GWP
Standard MCL 2B
Standard
All Compounds BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL ------------
antimony BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.9 5 6 1#6 640
arsenic BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2.4 10 10 10 10 10
barium 47.0J 38.6J 983 61.8J 61.3J 13.6J 13.2J 6.66J 93.2J 8.72J 4.12J 8.15J BDL 25.0J 23.6J 1.3 40 100 700 2,000 2,000,000
beryllium BDL BDL 2.3 BDL 0.955J BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.4 1 1 4#4 6.5
cadmium BDL 0.920J 1.32 BDL BDL 0.330J BDL BDL BDL 0.410J 0.310J BDL 0.420J BDL BDL 0.3 1 1 2 5 2
cobalt BDL 5.06J 52.5 5.64J BDL BDL 10.4J BDL 12.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.5 10 10 1#NE 270
copper 3.26J 23.6 197 18 4.80J BDL 6.80J 3.69J 31.3 4.60J 3.20J 2.32J 3.24J 4.76J 4.60J 1.1 10 10 1,000 1,300 7
chromium (total)BDL 19.3 26.8 6.84J BDL 3.42J 2.04J BDL 19.8 16.6 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.3 10 10 10 100 50
iron 122J ----------------------------15.4 50 300 300 300 1
manganese 17.7 ----------------------------1.6 10 50 50 50 NE
lead BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 8.0J BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.7 5 10 15 15 28
nickel BDL 11.6J 91.1 3.84J BDL BDL 2.68J BDL 10.9J BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.7 10 50 100 NE 88
selenium BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2.5 10 10 20 50 5
silver BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2.8 10 10 20 100 0.06
vanadium 3.03J 17.5J 143 17.9 5.68J BDL 7.92J BDL 46.3 10.4 BDL 6.26J 5.48J BDL 1.82J 1.8 10 25 0.3#NE NE
zinc 14.8 30.9 200 32.6 20.6 19.3 18.8J 18.2 91.8 21.6 16.9 16.5 16.5 18.1 13.8 2.9 10 10 1,000 5,000 50
Notes:
MRL = Method Reporting Limit
SWSL = Solid Waste Section Quantitation Limits
2L= NCDEQ Groundwater Standards (15A NCAC 2L 0200)
GWP = Solid Waste Section Groundwater Protection Standards (noted by#)MCL = Federal Maximum Contaminant Limit2B = NCAC 2B Standards for Class C waters
NE = Standard Not Established
Results presented in ug/l, analogous to parts per billion (ppb)
BDL = Compound not detected at a concentration above the MDL
Bold denotes concentration exceeds the 2L StandardJ = Estimated concentration detected at concentration between the MDL and SWSL*MW-1s is the same well as MW-4 associated with the Holly Grove Landfill
Comparison CriteriaGROUNDWATER SAMPLING
Volatile Organic Compounds
Inorganic Consituents
TABLE 3Summary of Analytical ResultsDavidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
March 21, 2016
PEI Project 1760
Parameter Unit Leachate
BOD mg/l 11.2
COD mg/l 102
Nitrate Nitrogen as N mg/l 0.185
Total Phosphorus as P mg/l 0.061
Sulfate mg/l 15.7
Antimony ug/l BRL
Arsenic ug/l BRL
Barium ug/l 56.4J
Cobalt ug/l 1.82J
Chromium (Total)ug/l 1.34J
Copper ug/l 5.96J
Nickel ug/l 12.3J
Manganese ug/l 200
Vanadium ug/l 2.72J
Zinc ug/l 24.9
Notes:
J = estimated concentrations between laboratory MDL and SWSL
mg/l = parts per million
ug/l = parts per billion
TABLE 4
Leachate Analytical Data
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
March 21, 2016
PEI Project 1760
Monitoring
Well Aquifer Conductivity
(ft/day)
Conductivity
(ft/min)
Assumed
Porosity (n)Gradient (i)Velocity
(ft/day)
MW-1S Bedrock 0.14 9.72E-05 0.1 0.016 0.022
MW-2 Bedrock 0.17 1.18E-04 0.1 0.026 0.044
MW-3 Uncosolidated 0.62 4.31E-04 0.2 0.011 0.034
MW-4 Uncosolidated 1.31 9.10E-04 0.2 0.018 0.115
MW-6 Bedrock 0.02 1.39E-05 0.1 0.053 0.011
MW-7S Uncosolidated 0.38 2.64E-04 0.15 0.047 0.119
MW-8 Uncosolidated 0.57 3.96E-04 0.15 0.033 0.125
MW-9A Uncosolidated 2.65 1.84E-03 0.1 0.116 3.074
MW-10 Uncosolidated 0.88 6.11E-04 0.2 0.056 0.246
MW-11 Uncosolidated 4.13 2.87E-03 0.2 0.061 1.260
MW-12 Uncosolidated 0.58 4.03E-04 0.2 0.060 0.174
Notes:
Velocity calculated from V=Ki/n
V = Velocity
K= Hydrulic Conductivity
i= gradient
n= porosity
Hydraulic conductivity data from slug testing performedin 1994.
Porosity values assumed from Groundwater & Wells (Driscoll).
Gradient calculated from Fall 2013 potentiometric surface.
TABLE 5
Groundwater Velocity Calculations
Davidson County Phase I Lined Landfill
March 21, 2016
APPENDIX
Monitoring Well Logs
Laboratory Data Sheets and Chain of Custody Documents
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
BOREHOLE NUMBER
PROJECT NAME:
LOCATION:
DRILLING CO:
DRILLING METHOD:
FIELD PARTY:
GEOLOGIST:
DATE BEGUN: COMPLETED:
TOTAL DEPTH:
TOP OF CASING ELEV.:
Depth (ft)
Time
Date
STATIC WATER LEVEL (BLS)
DE
P
T
H
BL
O
W

C
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SA
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DESCRIPTION LI
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WE
L
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IN
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T
A
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I
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0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
DE
P
T
H
Richardson Smith Gardner & Assoc
14 North Boylan Avenue, Raleigh NC 27603
[phone] Page 1 of 1
GROUND ELEV.:
NORTHING:EASTING:764126.597 1649351.338
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Davidson Co Phase 1 Landfill
Davidson County
Geologic Explorations
Johnny Burr
Lindsay Quant
11/11/10 11/11/10
33
Grab
Grab
Grab
Grab
Grab
Grab
AH SILT: Dry tan silt.
SILTY CLAY: Dry tan silty clay.
SANDY SILT: Dry tan sandy silt.
SILT: Dry to moist gray silt.
PWR: Moist to wet gray silty partially weathered
granitic rock. Boring terminated at 33 feet.
686.32