Marshall St_Phase-1 Supplemental Findings_3-28-2016 (2)

8201 County Drive
Disputanta, Virginia 23842-6144
Phone: [phone] Facsimile: 804-991-2194
E-mail: [e-mail]

March 28, 2016
Project #15-072

Mr. Bill Struever
Cross Street Partners
2400 Boston Street, Suite 404
Baltimore, Maryland 21224

RE: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Supplemental Findings
West Salem Square
1001 Marshall Street, SW
Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101

Dear Mr. Struever:

This letter is intended to supplement the Phase I ESA (Environmental Site Assessment) Report
completed by Swift Creek Environmental, Incorporated, dated December 16, 2015 for the West Salem
Square Property located at 1001 Marshall Street, SW in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, the property.
The original Phase I ESA identified several ASTM Scope RECs (Recognized Environmental Conditions),
HRECs (Historical Recognized Environmental Conditions) and CRECs (Controlled Recognized
Environmental Conditions) associated with the property. The identified RECs, CRECs and HRECs are
bulleted below.

! A potential vapor intrusion hazard exists at the subject site. A fuel oil odor was noticed in the
lower eastern portion of the subject building. Potential vapor intrusion hazards include off-
gassing from the sanitary sewer system, process drains and boiler systems. Further assessment
is required and as of the date of this report, the current owner is in the process of negotiating with
an oil disposal/environmental cleaning services firm to remove the oily water from within the
process drains in order to further quantify potential vapor intrusion hazards at the site. Once the
process drains have been emptied of their contents and inspected an evaluation for further
studies, if necessary, can be formulated.

! The subject site contains 2, non-functional steam driven boilers. The boilers are located in the
lower level along the eastern building wall. It appears that natural gas was the heating source
last used. However they may have been retrofitted from either coal or oil. Further assessment of
the boiler systems should be conducted to insure that there are no ASTs or USTs are associated
with these systems. This assessment can be accomplished, once the boiler room and adjoining
rooms have been cleared of their contents. Several of the adjoining rooms are being utilized for
storage of miscellaneous items by the current tenants.

! PCB containing electrical equipment was observed on the subject property and included several
wall transformers/capacitors (>10) and ballasts within the fluorescent lighting (>100). The PCB
containing electrical equipment is operational and in-use. The transformers, capacitors and
ballasts appeared to be in satisfactory condition with no evidence of leakage or corrosion. Since
the capacitors and transformers are in-use removal is not required by statute. However, industry
stands best management practices should be adopted in writing when repairing or servicing this
equipment.

! No radiological materials were observed on the subject site. However, Radon may be present.
The EPA has placed Forsyth County in Zone 2 for Radon Potential (Zone 2 - Moderate Radon
Potential). Of the 20 sites tested by the EPA for Radon, 80% of the sites had readings below the
4pCi/L Safe Indoor Standard with an average Radon basement concentration of 4.410 pCi/L. If
the facility’s proposed end use is to be utilized residentially, a quantitative Radon Survey should
be conducted along with any mitigation if concentrations are recorded to be above the 4pCi/L
Safe Indoor Standard.

! A Lead Based Paint Survey was beyond the scope of services for this project and as such not
conducted. Based on the age of the subject building, LBP is may be present on original painted
construction members. If the facility’s proposed end use is to be utilized residentially, a
quantitative Lead Base Paint should be conducted along with any mitigation/management if
concentrations are recorded to be HUD Standard of 1.0/mg/cm2.

! A quantitative asbestos survey was beyond the scope of services and as such not conducted.
Based on our observations and the age of the subject building, suspect friable and friable ACM=s
was identified. It was apparent that an asbestos survey and some abatement were conducted in
the past. Sample collection points and encapsulation of asbestos materials was observed
throughout the interior of the subject building. However, no records of these activities were
obtained. Neither the owner, User or Forsyth County Asbestos Permitting Department had any
available records or knowledge. A quantitative Asbestos Survey should be conducted to
determine quantities and types of asbestos along with an Asbestos Management Plan.

Based on the findings discovered during the completion of the Phase I ESA, the owner of the subject
property contracted ECS Carolinas, LLP to mitigate the REC associated with the oil and water discovered
in what was believed to be process drains within the subject building that subsequently was determined to
be a submerged mechanical room and a smaller vault beneath the submerged mechanical room.
Beginning on January 29, 2016 and concluding March 8, 2016, ECS Carolinas, LLP removed 16,100
gallons of oily water, 1,093 gallons of oily sludge and 725 pounds of metal and concrete debris from these
rooms/vault and cleaned the rooms/vault and associated mechanical equipment using a high pressure
steam cleaner. The removed materials were disposed of consistent with applicable local, state and
federal regulations. A detailed Liquid Removal and Disposal Report completed by ECS Carolinas, LLP
and dated March 21, 2016 is on-file with the USER.

On March 15, 2016, Swift Creek Environmental, Incorporated re-inspected the facility to document current
conditions. During our inspection it was determined that ECS Carolinas, LLP adequately cleaned and
removed the oil containing materials from the submerged rooms and vault. Photographic documentation
of the cleaned rooms and vault are attached. It is our belief that the primary purpose of the rooms and
vault served as a mechanical room which housed a #6 oil AST, a steam process tank to facilitate in
reducing viscosity in #6 oil utilized to supply fuel to the facility’s boilers and an overflow vault to capture
water from the condensed steam in the steam process tank overflow. The AST was believed to be
located in the empty portion of the mechanical room. This is based on the presence of disconnected fuel
lines exiting the steam process tank and ending abruptly overhead midway in the larger portion of the
vacant room. Based on the arrangement of mechanical components contained within the mechanical
room, it does not appear that any other ASTs or USTs (Underground Storage Tanks) were associated
with the facility’s heating system.

During our re-inspection, organic vapor readings were collected continuously from within and immediately
outside the mechanical room utilizing a PID (Photo-Ionization Detector). PID readings held a consistent 4
ppm within the mechanical room and 1 to 2 ppm outside the mechanical room. The CoC (Contaminant of
Concern) is believed to be #6 fuel oil. Fuel oil is categorized as an aliphatic paraffin containing minor
quantities of PAHs (Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons). OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
Administration) has not established any PEL (Permissible Exposure Limits) for #6 fuel oil; however, some
PAHs are known carcinogens. The MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) for #6 fuel oil is attached for
record. Based on our findings, potential fuel vapors emanating from the subterranean mechanical room
and vaults can be mitigated by venting the mechanical room to the outside ambient air. Currently, sheet
metal covers the upper portion of a concrete wall that separates the outside from this room. Removal of
the sheet metal with replacement of a metal grate will sufficiently ventilate the rooms and vault; reducing
organic vapors in this area of the facility to <1ppm. Upon removal of the sheet metal and installation of

the grate, air samples should be collected and analyzed for PAHs to document ambient air concentrations
within the facility and insure that no PAHs exhibiting concentrations above OSHA PELs are present within
the facility.

It is noted that during our inspection of the subsurface mechanical rooms and vault, the rooms and vault
are constructed of reinforced concrete. No evidence of cracking or failure of the concrete was observed;
reducing the likelihood that the CoC migrated beyond the confines of these rooms. The probable cause
of the oil and water that was contained within in these room s and vault is due to gravity draining of water
from the boiler(s) and associated piping when the boiler(s) were taken out of service. Likewise, the oil
contained within the water is believed to be from the fuel lines that were disconnected from the AST and
steam process tank during boiler(s) decommissioning.

With regards to the other RECs identified in or Phase I ESA, dated December 16, 2015, they should be
addressed in a manner similar to what was recommended.

We are pleased to have had the opportunity to provide these services. Should you have any questions
concerning this project, please do not hesitate to contact me at 804.991.3213.

Sincerely,

B. Thomas Houghton
B. Thomas Houghton, Principal
North Carolina Professional Geologist #1291

Attachments: Photographic Documentation
Material Safety Data Sheet - #6 fuel oil

Cc: Mr. Dewey Anderson, President – Blackpine Development

PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD

Photograph 1 – Steam Process Tank Photograph 2 – Metal Sheeting to Outside

Photograph 3 – Concrete Bottom Sump in Vault Photograph 4 – Mechanical Room Former AST
Area

Material Safety Data Sheet
FUEL OIL NO. 6 MSDS No. EJ-474
Date of Preparation: December 12, 2012
Section 1 - Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product/Chemical Name: FUEL OIL NO. 6
Chemical Formula: A high-viscosity residual oil.
CAS Number: 68553-00-4 Other Designations: Bunker C, Bunker fuels; IFO 180, IFO 280 and IFO 380, utility fuel oil; heavy fuel oil; residual fuel oil; #6
residual fuel oil blendstock; ASTM No. 6 Grade Fuel Oil (D396).
General Use: Used in industrial burners, boiler fuel for electric utilities and bunker fuel for ocean going vessels. A thick oil, fuel
oil No. 6 is not usually used unless preheated to decrease its viscosity. Manufacturer: Enjet, LLC
5373 W. Alabama, Suite 502
Houston, Texas 77056

Emergency: Chemtrec +1 - [phone]
Enjet, LLC +1 - [phone]
Section 2 - Composition / Information on Ingredients
Ingredient Name CAS Number % vol.
Fuel Oil No. 6 – A complex mixture of paraffinic, olefinic, naphthenic and
aromatic hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Sulfur
content for bunker fuels must be less than 5.0%. No. 6 Fuel Oil with low sulfur
(0.3 and 1.0%) is also available.
68553-00-4

Trace Impurities:
OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV NIOSH REL NIOSH
Ingredient TWA STEL TWA STEL TWA STEL IDLH
Fuel Oil No. 6 none estab. none estab. none estab. none estab. none estab. none estab. none estab.

Section 3 - Hazards Identification






Emergency Overview

Potential Health Effects
Summary of risks: Residual oils are generally more viscous and less toxic than kerosene due to their low volatility and limited
absorption through the intestinal tract. Inhalation of heated or misted fuel oil No. 6 can cause the same systemic and local
pulmonary effects seen with lighter grade fuel oils, respiratory tract irritation, headache, dizziness, nausea, stupor, convulsions,
or unconsciousness, depending on concentration and time of exposure. When removed from exposure area, affected persons
usually experience complete recovery. The residual (heavy) oils have a lower aspiration hazard since heavy oils are more
viscous. Aspiration is limited to inhalation from vomiting after ingestion and dilution with gastric contents. Significant
ingestion is unlikely. In addition, intestinal absorption of long-chain hydrocarbons is low. Its primary toxicity, then, are its
laxative effects, mile GI irritation and skin irritation. After prolonged skin contact, changes in rabbit bladder linings reported.*
Primary Entry Routes: Inhalation, ingestion.
Target Organs: Central nervous system (CNS), skin and mucous membranes.
Acute Effects
Inhalation: Inhalation of aerosol or mists may result in increased rate of respiration, tachycardia (excessively rapid heartbeat),
and cyanosis (dark purplish coloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by deficient oxygenation of the blood).
Eye:
Skin:
Ingestion: Systemic effects from ingestion include gastrointestinal (GI) irritation, vomiting, diarrhea and in severe cases, CNS
depression, progressing to coma and death.
HMIS
H
F
R
1
2
0
PPE†
†Sec. 8
MSDS No. EJ-474 FUEL OIL NO. 6 December 12, 2012
Page 2 of 5
Carcinogenicity: IARC, NTP, and OSHA list as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2B); animal evidence-limited.
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Long-Term Exposure: None reported.
Chronic Effects: Repeated skin contact causes dermatitis and possible systemic toxicity. Hydrogen sulfide, an irritant gas at 5
ppm concentration and above, can cause systemic toxicity. At concentrations greater than 500 ppm, rapid death due to
respiratory paralysis can occur.
Section 4 - First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Hydrogen sulfide gas evolved when stored/handled at elevated temperatures may cause irritation and/or systemic
effects. Remove exposed person to fresh air and support breathing as needed.
Eye Contact: Gently lift the eyelids and flush immediately and continuously with flooding amounts of water until transported to
an emergency medical facility. Consult a physician immediately.
Skin Contact: Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Rinse with flooding amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. For
reddened or blistered skin, consult a physician. Wash affected area with soap and water.
Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person. If ingested, do not induce vomiting. Consult
a physician immediately.
After first aid, get appropriate in-plant, paramedic, or community medical support.
Note to Physicians: Gastric lavage is contraindicated due to aspiration hazard. Preferred antidotes are charcoal and milk.
Special Precautions/Procedures: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause irritation and block the sebaceous glands, with
a rash of acne-like pimples and spots, usually on the arms and legs. Repeated prolonged dermal contact may also have systemic
effects. Heavy repeated application of fuel oil No. 6 to rabbit skin gave severe skin changes and systemic toxicity including an
increased incidence of hyperplasia of the urinary bladder epithelium [EPA (TOSCA) document 8EHQ-0181-0377, December
1980.]
Section 5 - Fire-Fighting Measures Flash Point: 140°F (60°C) minimum
Flash Point Method: CC?, OC?, COC?
Burning Rate:
Autoignition Temperature: 765°F (407°C)
LEL: 3.9% v/v
UEL: 20.1% v/v
Flammability Classification:
Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, water fog or spray. Do not use a forced water spray directly on
burning oil since this scatters the fire. Use a smothering technique to extinguish fire. Cool fire-exposed containers with water
spray.
Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: Product is an OSHA Class IIIA combustible liquid that exhibits “boil-over”
characteristics.
Hazardous Combustion Products:
Fire-Fighting Instructions: Isolate hazard area and deny entry. If feasible, remove containers from fire hazard area. Do not
release runoff from fire control methods to sewers or waterways.
Fire-Fighting Equipment: Because fire may produce toxic thermal decomposition products, wear a self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA) with a full face piece operated in pressure-demand or positive-pressure mode.
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures
Spill /Leak Procedures: Notify safety personnel, evacuate area for large spills, remove all heat and ignition sources and provide
maximum explosion proof ventilation.
Small Spills:
Large Spills
Containment: For large spills, dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Do not release into sewers or waterways.
Cleanup: Personnel should protect against vapor inhalation and liquid contact. Clean up spills promptly to reduce fire or vapor
hazards. Use a noncombustible absorbent material to pick up small spills or residues.
Regulatory Requirements: Follow applicable OSHA regulations (29 CFR 1910.120).
Section 7 - Handling and Storage
Handling Precautions: Hydrogen sulfide vapors may accumulate in tanks and transport compartments. Avoid breathing vapors
when opening hatches and dome covers by standing upwind. Vent slowly, and keep your face away from compartment
openings. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Hydrogen sulfide odor is not reliable as a warning of possible overexposure.

December 12, 2012 FUEL OIL NO. 6 MSDS No. EJ-474
Page 3 of 5
Storage Requirements: Use and storage conditions should be suitable for an OSHA Class IIIA combustible liquid. Store in
closed containers in a well-ventilated area away from heat and ignition sources and strong oxidizing agents. Protect containers
from physical damage. To prevent static sparks electrically ground and bond all containers and equipment used in shipping,
receiving or transferring operations. Use non-sparking tools and explosion-proof electrical equipment. No smoking allowed in
area of storage or use.
Regulatory Requirements:
Section 8 - Exposure Controls / Personal Protection
Engineering Controls: Avoid prolonged skin contact and vapor or mist inhalation. Use only in a well-ventilated area with
personal protective gear. Institute a respiratory protection program that includes regular training, maintenance, inspection and
evaluation. Practice good personal hygiene and housekeeping procedures. Do not wear oil-contaminated clothing. Do not put
oily rags in pockets. When working with this material, wear gloves or use barrier cream.
Ventilation: Provide general or local exhaust ventilation systems to maintain airborne concentrations below OSHA PELs
(Sec. 2). Local exhaust ventilation is preferred because it prevents contaminant dispersion into the work area by controlling it at
its source.
Administrative Controls:
Respiratory Protection: Seek professional advice prior to respirator selection and use. Follow OSHA respirator regulations (29
CFR 1910.134) and, if necessary, wear a MSHA/NIOSH-approved respirator. Select respirator based on its suitability to
provide adequate worker protection for given working conditions, level of airborne contamination, and presence of sufficient
oxygen. For emergency or non-routine operations (cleaning spills, reactor vessels, or storage tanks), wear an SCBA. Warning!
Air-purifying respirators do not protect workers in oxygen-deficient atmospheres. If respirators are used, OSHA requires a
written respiratory protection program that includes at least: medical certification, training, fit testing, periodic environmental
monitoring, maintenance, inspection, cleaning, and convenient, sanitary storage areas.
Protective Clothing/Equipment: Wear chemically protective gloves, boots, aprons, and gauntlets to prevent prolonged or
repeated skin contact. Wear protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles, per OSHA eye- and face-protection regulations
(29 CFR 1910.133). Never wear contact lenses in the work area: soft lenses may absorb and all lenses concentrate irritants.
Appropriate eye protection must be worn instead of contact lenses.
Safety Stations: Make emergency eyewash stations, safety/quick-drench showers, and washing facilities available in work area.
Contaminated Equipment: Separate contaminated work clothes from street clothes. Launder before reuse. Remove this
material from your shoes and clean personal protective equipment.
Comments: Never eat, drink, or smoke in work areas. Practice good personal hygiene after using this material, especially before
eating, drinking, smoking, using the toilet, or applying cosmetics.
Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical State:
Appearance and Odor: Brown to black colored viscous
oil with a cracked petroleum and/or asphalt-type odor.
Odor Threshold:
Vapor Pressure: 0.2 mm Hg at 70°F (21°C)
Vapor Density (Air=1):
Formula Weight:
Density:
Specific Gravity (H2O=1, at 4 °C): 0.90 to 1.07 @ 60°F
(15°C)
pH:
Water Solubility: Insoluble
Other Solubility’s:
Boiling Point: 500°F (>260°C)
Freezing/Melting Point:
Viscosity: 96 centistokes @ 122°F (50°C)
Refractive Index:
Surface Tension:
% Volatile:
Evaporation Rate:

Blended to meet customer & regulatory requirements
including viscosity, pour, sulfur and metals.
Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity
Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
Polymerization: Hazardous polymerization cannot occur.
Chemical Incompatibilities: Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; heating greatly increases fire hazard.
Conditions to Avoid: Avoid heat and ignition sources.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal oxidative decomposition can produce various hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon
derivatives and partial oxidation products including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide.
MSDS No. EJ-474 FUEL OIL NO. 6 December 12, 2012
Page 4 of 5
Section 11- Toxicological Information
Toxicity Data:*
Eye Effects:

Skin Effects:

Acute Inhalation Effects:
Human, inhalation, TCLo: ?? ppm

Acute Oral Effects:
Rat, oral, LD50: 9 g/kg
Chronic Effects:
Carcinogenicity:
Mutagenicity:
Teratogenicity:
* See NIOSH, RTECS (HZ1800000), for future toxicity data.
Section 12 - Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity:
Environmental Fate
Environmental Transport:
Environmental Degradation:
Soil Absorption/Mobility:
Section 13 - Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Contact your supplier or a licensed contractor for detailed recommendations. Follow applicable Federal, state, and
local regulations.
Disposal Regulatory Requirements:
Container Cleaning and Disposal:
Section 14 - Transport Information
DOT Transportation Data (49 CFR 172.101):
Shipping Name: Fuel oil
Shipping Symbols:
Hazard Class: Combustible
liquid
ID No.: NA1993
Packing Group:
Label: None
Special Provisions (172.102):
Packaging Authorizations
a) Exceptions: 173.118a
b) Non-bulk Packaging: 173.???
c) Bulk Packaging: 173.???
d) Packaging Requirements:
none

Quantity Limitations
a) Passenger, Aircraft, or Railcar:
b) Cargo Aircraft Only:

Vessel Stowage Requirements
a) Vessel Stowage:
b) Other:
Section 15 - Regulatory Information
EPA Regulations:
RCRA Hazardous Waste Number: Not listed (40 CFR 261.33)
RCRA Hazardous Waste Classification (40 CFR 261.??): Not classified
CERCLA Hazardous Substance (40 CFR 302.4) unlisted specific per RCRA, Sec. 3001; CWA, Sec. 311 (b)(4); CWA, Sec.
307(a), CAA, Sec. 112
CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ), ?? lb. (?? kg)
SARA 311/312 Codes:
SARA Toxic Chemical (40 CFR 372.65): Not listed
SARA EHS (Extremely Hazardous Substance) (40 CFR 355): Not listed, Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ)
OSHA Regulations:
Air Contaminant (29 CFR 1910.1000, Table Z-1, Z-1-A): Not listed
OSHA Specifically Regulated Substance (29CFR 1910.????)
State Regulations:
Section 16 - Other Information
Prepared By: R. N. Kauth
Revision Notes: December 12, 2012 – Replaces January 1992

Additional Hazard Rating Systems:
December 12, 2012 FUEL OIL NO. 6 MSDS No. EJ-474
Page 5 of 5

Disclaimer: The information presented herein is based on data considered to be accurate as of the date of preparation of the
Material Safety Data Sheet. However, no warranty or representation, express or implied, is made as to the accuracy or
completeness of the foregoing data and safety information, nor is any authorization given or implied to practice any patented
invention without a license. In addition, no responsibility can be assumed by vendor for any damage or injury resulting from
abnormal use, from any failure to adhere to the recommended practices or from any hazards inherent in the nature of the product.