MO-8724_40243_CA_MRP_20230724_Grapevine Produce

I

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... 1
2.0 SITE INFORMATION ......................................................................................... 2
2.1 SITE IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION .......................................................................... 2
2.2 CONTACTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE LEAKING UST SITE .................................................. 2
2.3 RELEASE INFORMATION .......................................................................................... 2
3.0 SITE HISTORY AND CHARACTERIZATION ........................................................ 3
3.1 STORAGE TANK SYSTEM INFORMATION ..................................................................... 3
3.2 SITE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY ............................................................................... 6
3.3 RISK CHARACTERIZATION ........................................................................................ 6
3.3.1 Water Supply Wells ................................................................................... 6
3.3.2 Public Water Supplies ............................................................................... 6
3.3.3 Surface Water ........................................................................................... 7
3.3.4 Wellhead Protection Areas ....................................................................... 7
3.3.5 Deep Aquifers in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Region ........................ 7
3.3.6 Subsurface Structures ............................................................................... 7
3.3.7 Land Use .................................................................................................... 7
3.4 SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY ........................................................................ 7
3.5 CAP IMPLEMENTATION AND REMEDIATION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ............................... 8
4.0 SITE ASSESSMENT INFORMATION .................................................................. 8
4.1 EXTENT OF SOIL CONTAMINATION ............................................................................ 8
4.2 EXTENT OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION ............................................................ 9
4.2.1 Monitoring Well Sampling ........................................................................ 9
4.2.2 Water Supply Well Sampling .................................................................... 9
4.2.3 Description of Current Plume .................................................................. 10
4.2.4 Groundwater Remediation ..................................................................... 11
5.0 FREE PRODUCT .............................................................................................. 12
6.0 CONTINUED MONITORED NATURAL ATTENUATION (MNA) ...................... 12
7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................. 12
8.0 STATEMENT & CERTIFICATION ..................................................................... 14
II

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

FIGURES
1. Topographic Map
2. Site Map`
3. UST Closure Map
4. Receptor Survey Map
5. Soil Cross Section Location Map
6. Soil Cross Sections (A to A’ & B to B’)
7. Potentiometric Surface Map (6/27/2023)
8. Benzene Isoconcentration Map (6/27/2023)
9. Naphthalene Isoconcentration Map (6/27/2023)
10. MTBE Isoconcentration Map (6/27/2023)
11. n-Propylbenzene Isoconcentration Map (6/27/2023)
12. 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Isoconcentration Map (6/27/2023)
13. Groundwater Cross Sections Location Map
14. Groundwater Cross Sections

TABLES
1. UST Information (See page 5)
2. Properties Within 1,000 Feet of Source Area
3. Monitoring Well Construction Details
4. Groundwater Elevation Data
5. Laboratory Results of Groundwater Samples (MW, SW, & SFW)

Graphs
1. Historical Concentrations of Benzene, Naphthalene, and MTBE in MW-8

APPENDICES
A. Notice of Regulatory Requirements (NORR) Letter (5/22/2023)
B. Standard Field Procedures
C. Laboratory Report and Chain-of-Custody Form
D. Groundwater and Soil Contaminant Mass Tables

III

ACRONYMS

BLS ................. Below Land Surface
BTEX .............. Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, & Xylenes
CFR ................. Code of Federal Regulations
COC ................ Chain-of-Custody
CSA ................. Comprehensive Site Assessment
CAP ................. Corrective Action Plan
DEQ ................ Department of Environmental Quality
EDB ................. 1,2-Dibromoethane
GCLs ............... Gross Contaminant Levels
HASP .............. Health & Safety Plan
MSCC .............. Maximum Soil Contaminant Concentration
MTBE .............. Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether
μg/L ................ Micrograms per Liter
mg/kg ............. Milligrams per kilogram
MW ................ Monitoring Well
NPDES ............ National Pollutions Discharge Elimination System
NCAC .............. North Carolina Administrative Code
O&M .............. Operations and Maintenance
OSHA .............. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OWS .............. Oil Water Separator
OVA ................ Organic Vapor Analyzer
PPM ................ Parts Per Million
PID .................. Photo-ionization Detector
P&ID ............... Process & Instrumentation Diagram
PVC ................. Poly-vinyl Chloride
QA/QC ............ Quality Assurance / Quality Control
SCFM .............. Standard Cubic Feet per Minute
SVE ................. Soil Vapor Extraction
SW .................. Water Supply Well
UST ................. Underground Storage Tank
US EPA ............ United States Environmental Protection Agency

Hubbard – Grapevine Produce - DEQ Incident #40243 - Groundwater Monitoring Report 1
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GROUNDWATER MONITORING REPORT
FORMER GRAPEVINE PRODUCE
NCDEQ Incident #40243

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
As requested by the NCDEQ and Kelvin Hubbard, Pyramid has completed the pre-approval for
the directed activities and monitoring at the former Grapevine Produce site, located at 4500 Hwy
64-90 W., in Taylorsville, NC. The work was completed as pre-approved based on the Notice of
Regulatory Requirements (NORR) letter dated May 22, 2023, which is included as Appendix A.
[*Note that the letter was mislabeled as 2022 on the cover page of the letter*]

The original release was detected during the Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) removal process
completed in June 2013. The USTs were placed into temporary closure in 2009 and the UST
owner/operator decided to remove the tanks in 2013. Pyramid supervised the removal and
permanent closure of (1) 10,000-gallon (1) 4,000-gallon and (1) 3,000-gallon gasoline USTs and
the product piping and dispensers. The petroleum release was discovered during the UST
removal project, and a total of 191.83 tons of contaminated soil was removed from the UST area
and transported off-site for proper disposal.

The receptor survey showed that there are private water supply wells in use in the area
surrounding the site, as well as municipal water being available to the entire area. The
groundwater analytical results showed petroleum compounds detected at concentrations that
exceeded the NCAC 2L Groundwater Standards. The LSA II Report was received by the NCDEQ on
June 6, 2014.

In 2014, the DEQ required a Comprehensive Site Assessment (CSA) for the site, and the field work
was completed in the Fall of 2014, the CSA was approved in early 2015, and the NCDEQ
requested a Corrective Action Plan in a June 1, 2015 regulatory letter. After Pyramid submitted
preapprovals for the CAP, the NCDEQ changed the regulatory requirements for the site to
groundwater monitoring. None of the detected concentrations exceeded their respective Gross
Contaminant Levels (GCLs) at this high risk site (H-195-D). Concentrations of benzene and other
compounds are migrating downgradient from the UST area toward the surface water features at
the eastern edge of the property.

On June 29, 2017 an 8-hour AFVR event was performed on monitoring well MW-8. Although little
liquid was recovered (< 50 gallons), the vapor recovery was about 102.9 pounds of gasoline
hydrocarbon vapors (approximately 15.6 gallons equivalent) in 8 hours of operation.

In May 2023, the NCDEQ requested the current sampling and the pre-approval was submitted
for the sampling and Monitoring Report work.
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2.0 Site Information

2.1 Site Identification Information

x Date of Report: July 24, 2023
x Site Risk Ranking: H 195 D
x Facility I.D. No. 0-024127 (All USTs were removed in 2013)
x NCDEQ Incident No.: 40243
x Site Name: Former Grapevine Produce
x Street Address: 4500 NC Highway 64-90 West, Taylorsville, NC 28681
x County: Alexander County
x Geographical Data Point: UST Area
x Location Method: Google Earth
x Latitude/Longitude: N 35.920689° / W 81.257117°

The location of the site is shown on Figure 1, which shows a portion of the Ellendale, NC USGS
topographic map. The site map is presented as Figure 2, and the Site Map/UST Location Map is
presented as Figure 3.

2.2 Contacts Associated with the Leaking UST Site

x UST Owner/Operator: Kelvin Hubbard
515 Crestview Drive, Taylorsville, NC 27265
Phone # [phone]

x Property Owner: Hilda Hubbard
580 Crestview Drive, Taylorsville, NC 27265
Phone # [phone]

x Property Occupant: Unoccupied

x Consultant/Contractor: Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C.
503 Industrial Ave., Greensboro, NC 27406
Phone # [phone];
email: [e-mail]

Analytical Laboratories: Waypoint Analytical Laboratories
449 Springbrook Rd.,
Charlotte, NC 28224
[phone]
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2.3 Release Information

x Date Discovered: June 2013
x Est. Qty. of Release: Unknown
x Cause of Release Unknown
x Source of Release: Gasoline UST systems consisting of three (3) USTs
one 10,000-gal., one 4,000-gal., & one 3,000-gal.
x UST Size/Contents: See Table 1 below

3.0 SITE HISTORY AND CHARACTERIZATION

3.1 Storage Tank System Information

Table 1
Underground Storage Tank (UST) Information
Tank
No.
Install
Dates
Size in
Gallons
Tank
Dimensions
Last
Contents
Previous
Contents
UST Leak /
Release
Removal
Date
1 05/07/81 10,000 8’ x 26.5’ Gasoline Gasoline Yes 06/26/2013
2 05/07/81 4,000 64” x 24’ Gasoline Gasoline Yes 06/26/2013
3 05/07/81 3,000 64” x 18’ Gasoline Gasoline Yes 06/26/2013

The previous table lists information that pertains to the underground storage tank (UST) systems
at the site. In June 2013, three (3) USTs, product piping and dispenser were removed, and the
UST Closure Report was accepted by the DEQ.

3.2 Site Environmental History
On June 24 through June 26, 2013, Pyramid supervised the removal and permanent closure of
(1) 10,000-gallon (1) 4,000-gallon and (1) 3,000-gallon gasoline Underground Storage Tanks
(USTs), and the product piping and dispensers. The USTs were put into temporary closure in 2009
and were removed in 2013. The petroleum release was discovered during the UST removal
project, and a total of 191.83 tons of contaminated soil was removed from the UST area and
transported off-site for proper disposal.

The laboratory results of risk-based soil analyses showed some soil contamination remained at
the bottom of the former UST basin that exceeded the Soil-to-Groundwater (STGW) and
Residential Maximum Soil Contaminant Concentrations (MSCCs). The receptor survey showed
that there are private water supply wells in use in the area surrounding the site as well as
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municipal water available. The groundwater analytical results showed petroleum compounds
detected at concentrations that exceeded the NCAC 2L Groundwater Standards. The LSA II Report
was received by the NCDEQ on June 6, 2014.

In 2014, the DEQ required a Comprehensive Site Assessment (CSA) for the site. The pre-approval
for the site was submitted and approved, and field work was completed in the Fall of 2014. During
the CSA assessment, an additional 7 monitoring wells were installed at the site. In 2015 the
NCDEQ approved the Comprehensive Site Assessment (CSA), and requested a Corrective Action
Plan in a regulatory letter dated June 1, 2015. After Pyramid submitted preapprovals for the CAP,
the NCDEQ changed the regulatory requirements to groundwater monitoring.

In August 2015, Pyramid conducted a Pre-CAP Monitoring event at the site. The on-site
groundwater monitoring wells and five nearby supply wells (SW-4522, 4586, 4646, 4651, and
4631) were sampled for laboratory analysis. The analytical results for the monitoring wells
showed detections of petroleum compounds above the 2L Standard in MW-4, MW-6, MW-7, and
MW-8; however, none of the detected concentrations exceeded their respective Gross
Contaminant Levels (GCLs) at this high risk site (H195-D).

The groundwater analytical results from the May 5, 2016 sampling event showed detections of
petroleum compounds above the 2L Standard in MW-4, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8 and MW-9;
however, none of the detected concentrations exceeded their respective GCLs. Concentrations
of benzene and other petroleum compounds are migrating downgradient (to the east) from the
source area toward the surface water features at the eastern edge of the property.

On June 29, 2017 an 8-hour AFVR event was performed on monitoring well MW-8. The AFVR
event was performed to remove petroleum contaminated water and evaporate gasoline vapers.
Vacuum was maintained at 11-12 inches of mercury (Hg) with an average airflow rate of
approximately 185 cubic feet per minute (CFM) throughout the 8-hour event. Although little
liquid was recovered (about 25 gallons), the vapor recovery was about 102.9 pounds of
hydrocarbon vapors (approximately 15.6 gallons equivalent) in 8 hours of operation. The vapor
recovery of 15.6 gallons of hydrocarbons from the soil is mass removal the NCDEQ has been
requesting, and it worked well at this site.

On July 14, 2017, the post-AFVR groundwater sampling of well MW-8 showed high
concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons at concentrations that exceed their respective NCAC
2L Standards. The April 2018 BTEX concentrations in MW-8 showed a reduction of approximately
37% compared to the September 2017 BTEX concentrations. The highest benzene and
concentrations of other petroleum contaminants of concern (COCs) are in the area of the former
UST basin. These COCs are present in the shallow saturated zone and were not detected in the
deeper bedrock zone, as indicated by the historical groundwater data for MW-2.
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On May 8, 2019, Pyramid conducted sampling of MW-4, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9, MW-11, and MW-
12. MW-4, MW-8, and MW-9 showed concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons that exceed
their respective NCAC 2L Standards. The highest benzene and concentrations of other petroleum
contaminants of concern (COCs) are in the area of the former UST basin. These COCs are present
in the shallow saturated zone and were not detected in the deeper bedrock zone, as indicated
by the historical groundwater data for MW-2.

On October 24, 2019, Pyramid conducted sampling of MW-4, MW-8, MW-11 and MW-12. MW-
8 and MW-4 showed concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons that exceed their respective
NCAC 2L Standards. The highest benzene and concentrations of other petroleum contaminants
of concern (COCs) are in the area of the former UST basin. These COCs are present in the shallow
saturated zone and were not detected in the deeper bedrock zone, as indicated by the historical
groundwater data for MW-2.

The reducing trend of concentrations in groundwater at the Former Grapevine Produce is
balanced with the migration of concentrations into the downgradient wells. The migration has
impacted the surface water in the past and may be increasing in the future. The site risk remains
high risk, (H195-D) and there are concentrations of MTBE detected in the downgradient surface
water stream.

Having approved the CSA, the NCDEQ required completion of a Corrective Action Plan (CAP) in a
letter dated June 1, 2015. In the subsequent months, Pyramid submitted two pre-approval
requests to complete a CAP and each pre-approval request was rejected. Pyramid/Hubbard
request that the NCDEQ direct the future assessment and remediation at the site.

The site is ranked high risk (H195) due to the presence of supply wells within 500 feet, surface
water at the downgradient site perimeter, and dissolved petroleum in groundwater above the 2L
Standards. Groundwater migration near the top of weathered bedrock has spread contaminants
downgradient at the site.

Based on the concentrations in the shallow aquifer, groundwater quality could be improved by
extraction of contaminated groundwater from a series of 6 to 8 shallow MMPE extraction points
in the former UST area. This recovery method was suggested to the NCDEQ and would be an
active method to lower concentrations for this high-risk site.

On May 25, 2022, Pyramid submitted a preapproval to sample 10 wells and two locations on the
downgradient surface water feature. Pyramid submitted a preapproval for the site since it had
not been sampled since 2019.

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On June 9, 2022, Pyramid conducted sampling of MW-1, MW-4, MW-5, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8,
MW-9, MW-10, MW-11, MW-12, SFW-2 and SFW-3. MW-4, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9 showed
concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons that exceed their respective NCAC 2L Standards. The
highest benzene and concentrations of other petroleum contaminants of concern (COCs) are in
the area of the former UST basin. These COCs are present in the shallow saturated zone and were
not detected in the deeper bedrock zone, as indicated by the historical groundwater data for
MW-2.

On May 31, 2023, Pyramid submitted a preapproval to sample nine (9) monitoring wells, one (1)
supply well, and two (2) downgradient surface water features. Pyramid submitted the
preapproval for the site based on the requirements outlined in the NORR letter received on May
22, 2023.

On June 27, 2023, Pyramid conducted sampling of MW-1, MW-4, MW-5, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8,
MW-9, MW-11, MW-12, SW-4522, SFW-2, and SFW-3. MW-4, MW-8, and MW-9 showed
concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons that exceed their respective NCAC 2L Standards. The
highest benzene and concentrations of other petroleum contaminants of concern (COCs) are in
the area of the former UST basin. These COCs are present in the shallow saturated zone and were
not detected in the deeper bedrock zone, as indicated by the historical groundwater data from
MW-2.

3.3 Risk Characterization
The site is located west of the Town of Taylorsville, NC in an area where approximately 30 percent
of the developed properties within 1,500 feet of the subject property rely on water supply wells
as a sole source of potable water. The former Grapevine Produce groundwater incident is
classified as “high-risk” since twelve (12) active water supply wells are located within 1,000 feet
of the source area. The current risk classification for the site is High Risk H195D. A list of all the
properties within 1,000 feet of the source area is presented in Table 2.

3.3.1 Water Supply Wells
Twelve (12) active supply wells were identified within 1,000 feet of the site and sixteen (16)
active supply wells were identified within 1,500 feet of the site (see Figure 4). As shown on Figure
4, the nearest active supply well is SW-1 on the subject property. This well is connected to the
rental house at 4522 Highway 64-90 West. This supply well is located topographically upgradient
and approximately 220 feet from the former UST basin.

3.3.2 Public Water Supplies
The City of Hickory maintains a municipal water line located along Highway 64-90 West and many
of the developed properties on 64-90 West are connected. The former Big D’s Diner & Country
Store and the newer rental house located on the subject property have active municipal water
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accounts. Mr. Hubbard indicated that he is willing to connect the other rental house at 4522
Hwy. 64-90 to the existing municipal water line if it will help to reduce the risk classification of
the incident.

3.3.3 Surface Water
In general, both surface water and groundwater flow directions are controlled by topographic
contours of landforms with flow occurring perpendicular to the contours from high to low
elevations. Surface water run-off from the subject property generally flows to the east-southeast
to an unnamed tributary of Spring Creek. The on-site pond feeds the tributary to Spring Creek as
well as groundwater from the site making it a wet creek The unnamed tributary flows southeast
approximately 1,400 feet before joining Spring Creek. The location of the site relative to the
nearby surface water is shown on Figure 1.

3.3.4 Wellhead Protection Areas
There are no designated wellhead protection areas within a 1,500-foot radius of the site.

3.3.5 Deep Aquifers in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Region
This site is not in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Region, and this section does not apply.

3.3.6 Subsurface Structures
There are no utilities that are acting to enhance the migration of the contaminant plume. There
is shallow bedrock at the site which may allow accelerated groundwater migration in the upper
fractured bedrock zone between 11 and 30 feet BLS.

3.3.7 Land Use
The surrounding area includes a mixture of predominantly residential and agricultural use.

3.4 Site Geology and Hydrogeology
Pyramid’s review of the 1985 Geologic Map of North Carolina yielded information concerning
local geology and hydrogeology. Based on this review, the site is located in the Inner Piedmont
Belt of North Carolina. The surface geology consists of regional soils created by the weathering
of underlying bedrock. The Inner Piedmont Belt is the most intensely deformed and
metamorphosed segment of the Piedmont. The metamorphic rocks range from 500 to 750
million years in age. They include gneiss and schist that have been intruded by younger granitic
rocks. The northeast-trending Brevard fault zone forms much of the boundary between the Blue
Ridge and Inner Piedmont Belts. The bedrock in the area is described as biotite gneiss and schist,
map symbol CZbg.

In general, both surface water and groundwater flow directions are controlled by topographic
contours of landforms with flow occurring perpendicular to the contours from high to low
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elevations. Surface water run-off from the subject property generally flows to the east-southeast
to an unnamed tributary to Spring Creek. The on-site pond and groundwater enter the tributary
at the site and flow to the east. The unnamed tributary flows southeast approximately 1,400 feet
before joining Spring Creek. The location of the site relative to the nearby surface water is shown
on Figure 1.

The bedrock at the site was encountered at a depth of about 11 to 14 feet BGS in the source area.
This is about the elevation of the water table in the shallow aquifer which is close to the top-of-
bedrock. The saprolitic soil above the bedrock represents a relatively thin layer of soil above
bedrock. The groundwater flow and hydraulic conductivity data are summarized below:

x Depth to the groundwater ranged between 2.98 and 13.96 feet BLS in October 2019.
x The depth to the upper bedrock surface is approximately 11 to 14 feet BLS.
x The average groundwater gradient was 0.049 feet/feet to the southeast in October 2019.

The groundwater flow velocity for the soil/saprolite zone was estimated to be 36.5 ft/yr. The
actual groundwater flow velocity may be more or less than the calculated value depending on
natural fractures, influences of localized pumping or water recharge, and manmade features. The
groundwater seepage velocity will not coincide with the rate of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbon
migration because of adsorption, dilution, dispersion, diffusion, retardation, and biodegradation.

3.5 CAP Implementation and Remediation System Performance
A CAP was requested by the NCDEQ in a letter dated June 1, 2015. Pyramid/Hubbard submitted
two pre-approval requests for the CAP which were both rejected. Kelvin Hubbard/Pyramid
request that the NCDEQ direct cleanup at this high-risk site to actively address groundwater &
soil cleanup.

4.0 SITE ASSESSMENT INFORMATION

4.1 Extent of Soil Contamination
Pyramid completed soil concentration cross-sections to describe the horizontal and vertical
extent of the soil concentrations. The horizontal locations of the soil cross-sections are shown on
Figure 5. The soil concentration cross-sections A-A’ and B-B’ are shown on Figure 6. The cross-
sections show a limited area of contamination exceeding residential MSCCs. Contamination that
exceeds the STGW standards surrounds the UST area, but at very low levels. These risk-based soil
analyses show that the only soils above the residential MSCCs are in the area of soil sample RBS
which was collected on the southern edge of the former UST excavation. The area of soil
contamination above residential standards is roughly shown on Figure 5 and Figure 6.

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4.2 Extent of Groundwater Contamination
The most recent groundwater monitoring event was completed on June 27, 2023. As approved
by the NCDEQ, Pyramid sampled nine (9) monitoring wells, one (1) supply well, and two (2)
surface water locations. All samples collected during the June 2022 groundwater monitoring
event were analyzed for VOCs using Standard Method 6200B.

4.2.1 Monitoring Well Sampling

SAMPLING DATE: June 27, 2023
WELLS SAMPLED: MW-1, MW-4, MW-5, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9, MW-11, MW-
12, & SW-4522
SURFACE WATER SAMPLED: SFW-2 & SFW-3
LAB ANALYSES: Standard Method 6200B
FREE PRODUCT: No free product has been observed in the MWs at the site.
TABLES & GRAPHS: Table 3 : Monitoring Well Construction Details
Table 4 : Groundwater Elevation Data
Table 5 : Laboratory Results of Groundwater Samples (MW & SW)
Table 5 : Laboratory Results of Surface Water Samples (SFW)
FIGURES: Figure 7 : Potentiometric Surface Map (06/27/2023)
Figure 8 : Benzene Isoconcentration Map (06/27/2023)
Figure 9 : Naphthalene Isoconcentration Map (06/27/2023)
Figure 10: MTBE Isoconcentration Map (06/27/2023)
Figure 11: n-Propylbenzene Isoconcentration Map (06/27/2023)
Figure 12: 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Isoconcentration
Map(06/27/2023)
Figure 13: Groundwater Cross Sections Location Map
Figure 14: Groundwater Cross Sections
STANDARD FIELD PROCEDURES: Field procedures were performed as outlined in the DEQ July 15,
2008 and December 1, 2013 updates publication “Guidelines for
Sampling” under the UST Section, presented in Appendix B.
LABORATORY REPORTS & CHAINS-OF-CUSTODY: Appendix C

4.2.2 Water Supply Well Sampling
Water supply well SW-4522 was sampled during the most recent sampling event completed on
June 27, 2023. The location of the supply well is shown on Figure 4. The 2023 laboratory results
indicated that none of the targeted petroleum compounds were detected above laboratory
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detection limits in SW-4522. Table 5 shows the historical groundwater analytical results for the
supply wells and monitoring wells.

During the supply well sampling event in August 2015, Pyramid interviewed two of the property
owners (Sharon Howell at 4586 Hwy 64-90 and Shelby Hubbard at 4646 Hwy 64-90) about the
possibility of connecting to the municipal water line that is present on Highway 64-90. Both
property owners indicated that they were satisfied with their wells and were not interested in
connecting to the municipal water system. The property owners for SW-4631, SW-4641 and SW-
4651 off Highway 64-90 were not home at the time of the 2015 sampling event and were not
interviewed.

Pyramid recommends sampling all surrounding water supply wells located within 500 feet of the
former UST location, and the surface water downgradient of the site.

4.2.3 Description of Current Plume
(micrograms per liter = μg/l)

CURRENT Maximum Benzene: 811 μg/L (MW-8: 06/27/23)
Previous Maximum Benzene: 672 μg/L (MW-8: 06/09/22)
Historical Maximum Benzene: 2,680 μg/L (MW-8: 09/24/14)

CURRENT Maximum BTEX: 4,520 μg/L (MW-8: 06/27/23)
Previous Maximum BTEX: 3,066 μg/L (MW-8: 06/09/22)
Historical Maximum BTEX: 14,090 μg/L (MW-8: 09/11/17)

CURRENT Horizontal Extent of NCAC 2L Exceedances:………………………………. ~14,400 ft2 (06-2023)
Previous Horizontal Extent of NCAC 2L Exceedances:…………………………………. ~13,104 ft2 (06-2022)
Maximum Horizontal Extent of NCAC 2L Exceedance:………………………………… ~18,696 ft2 (04-2015)

CURRENT vertical extent of NCAC 2L plume:………………….……………………………… <50 feet (06/27/23)
Previous vertical extent of NCAC 2L plume:…………………...…………………………….. <50 feet (06/09/22)
Maximum vertical extent of NCAC 2L plume:………………...…………………………….. <50 feet (04/2015)

ESTIMATED CURRENT BENZENE MASS:…………………………........................... 1.30E+08 μg (06/27/23)
ESTIMATED PREVIOUS BENZENE MASS: .................................................... 8.29E+07 μg (06/09/22)
GROUNDWATER BENZENE MASS BASELINE:…………………..…………………….. 6.51 E+08 μg (09/11/17)

ESTIMATED CURRENT MTBE MASS: .......................................................... 5.40E+07 μg (06/27/23)
ESTIMATED PREVIOUS MTBE MASS: ......................................................... 3.74E+07 μg (06/09/22)
GROUNDWATER MTBE MASS BASELINE:……………..….……………………………. 1.13 E+09 μg (09/11/17)

ESTIMATED SOIL CONTAMINANT MASS ( > STGW): .................................... 222.19 lbs (06/09/22)
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The June 2023 analytical results indicate that there are still concentrations of petroleum
hydrocarbons above the 2L Groundwater Standard at the site. The estimated groundwater mass
contamination was calculated using the equation provided in the “Quantitative Environmental
Indicators of Contamination” paper published by the EPA in November 2011. The estimated
groundwater mass calculation spreadsheet is included in Appendix D and the mass is estimated
based on average benzene and MTBE concentrations in the groundwater monitoring wells. The
groundwater benzene mass has decreased by 79.95% and the groundwater MTBE mass has
decreased by 95.23% since the initial sampling in September 2014 (over the past 9 years).

4.2.4 GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION
No CAP was pre-approved by the NC Trust Fund Branch, and no CAP has been prepared for the
site. On June 29, 2017 one 8-hour AFVR event was pre-approved by the NCDEQ on monitoring
well MW-8. No petroleum free-product was detected in the well before or after the event.
Vacuum was maintained at 11-12 inches of mercury (Hg) with an average airflow rate of
approximately 185 cubic feet per minute (CFM) throughout the 8-hour event. Although the
groundwater recovery was a small amount (about 25 gallons), about 102.9 pounds of petroleum
hydrocarbon vapors were removed (approximately 15.6 gallons).
This recovery of 15.6 gallons of hydrocarbons petroleum from the soil, provided total
hydrocarbon mass removal from the subsurface which helped prevent soil contamination from
continuing to act as a source of future groundwater contamination.

Pyramid recommends preparing a CAP for source area treatment with AFVR and MMPE events
and after source reduction for 2 years, continued Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA).

Hubbard – Grapevine Produce - DEQ Incident #40243 - Groundwater Monitoring Report 12
Pyramid Project # 2022-251 07/24/2023
5.0 FREE PRODUCT

To date, Pyramid has not detected free-phase petroleum product at the Grapevine Produce site.

6.0 CONTINUED MONITORED NATURAL ATTENUATION
(MNA)

To date, a Corrective Action Plan has not been pre-approved or completed for the Grapevine
Produce site. The evaluation of remedial technologies and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)
has not been completed for the site. The idea of performing multiple extraction events to reduce
concentrations in the source area has been discussed; however, no formal evaluation of
remediation options has been performed. At this point, the NCDEQ has selected to perform
Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) only.

Pyramid / Hubbard recommend active remediation at the site, including source area reductions
to assist the MNA in the site remediation. The past vapor and fluid recovery showed excellent
hydrocarbon mass removal in the vapor phase without pumping and hauling a lot of water. This
method would be more effectively completed with several shallow monitoring/recovery wells in
the source area.

The periodic extraction of petroleum (gasoline) vapors from the subsurface will remove
hydrocarbon mass as vapor from the soil and capillary fringe, and will minimize groundwater
recovery. No permanent remediation system purchase and installation would be necessary. The
costs for petroleum remediation would be minimal while recovery of hydrocarbon mass would
be maximized. Pyramid will prepare a pre-approval for drilling extraction wells and performing
MMPE events as directed by the NCDEQ.

7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. (Pyramid) has completed a groundwater monitoring
event for the referenced site. A summary of the assessment results and findings are presented
below.

x Municipal water is available on NC Highway 64-90 West. In August 2015, Pyramid
interviewed two nearby well owners (within 500 feet) to determine if they would connect
to the municipal water to reduce the risk classification of the site, and both declined.

x The laboratory results of surface water samples collected in February 2017 showed that
Hubbard – Grapevine Produce - DEQ Incident #40243 - Groundwater Monitoring Report 13
Pyramid Project # 2022-251 07/24/2023
the MTBE plume had impacted the downgradient stream (sample SFW-3) and man-made
pond. This is the same pattern observed for the benzene plume, which appears to be
dispersing and migrating toward the stream and pond.

x The laboratory results of surface water samples collected in June 2023 showed that
concentrations of MTBE were present at concentrations slightly above laboratory
detection limits in SFW-3 (0.648 μg/L). While this remains well below the NCAC 2L
standards, it does confirm that the MTBE plume is extending toward the downgradient
stream.

x The Historical Concentrations of Benzene, Naphthalene, and MTBE in MW-8 are shown in
graph 1. The concentrations of benzene and MTBE have been trending downward overall
for the past several years. A slight increase was observed for both COCs during the most
recent assessment, but the overall downward trend remains consistent.

x The June 2023 groundwater analyses from the Former Grapevine Produce show a slight
increase in concentrations of petroleum contaminant compounds compared to the
previous groundwater sampling results from June 2022. Despite this slight increase, the
overall trend of the COCs remains downward.

x At the request of the NCDEQ, Pyramid could perform a Mann-Kendall Analysis of the
historical monitoring data to further quantify the observed contaminant trends at the
site.

x The site risk classification remains high risk (H195D).

x The highest benzene and concentrations of other petroleum contaminants of concern
(COCs) are in the area of the former UST basin. These COCs are present in the shallow
saturated zone and were not detected in the deeper bedrock zone, as indicated by the
historical groundwater data for MW-2.

x Based on the assessment results the site is ranked high risk (H195) due to the presence
of twelve (12) water supply wells within 1,000 feet, surface water at the downgradient
site perimeter, and dissolved petroleum in groundwater above the 2L Standards.

x The groundwater movement appears to be near the top of weathered bedrock.
Concentrations of benzene, naphthalene, and MTBE are continuing to migrate in the
downgradient direction toward the surface water stream.

Hubbard – Grapevine Produce - DEQ Incident #40243 - Groundwater Monitoring Report 14
Pyramid Project # 2022-251 07/24/2023
Based on the concentrations in the shallow aquifer, Pyramid/Hubbard recommend active
remediation at the site to halt migration toward the surface water receptor downgradient of the
site. The groundwater contaminant concentrations could be reduced in the source area by
extraction of contaminated groundwater from a series of 6 to 8 shallow MMPE extraction points.
This recovery method has been suggested to the NCDEQ in the past and would be an active
method to lower concentrations for this high-risk site, and attenuate downgradient migration of
the observed gasoline contaminants.

The periodic extraction of petroleum (gasoline) vapors from the subsurface will remove
hydrocarbon mass as vapor from the soil and capillary fringe, and will minimize groundwater
recovery. No permanent remediation system purchase and installation are necessary. The costs
for petroleum remediation are minimal while recovery of hydrocarbon mass is maximized.
Pyramid will prepare a pre-approval for drilling extraction wells and performing MMPE events as
directed by the NCDEQ.

If Active Remediation is not approved, Pyramid recommends collecting surface water samples up
stream, at groundwater entry, and downstream of the contaminant plume shown in Figure 8 to
assess the migration of petroleum compounds into the stream. In addition, Pyramid recommends
sampling of MW-1, MW-4, MW-5, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9, MW-11, MW-12 to continue
monitoring the petroleum plume.
8.0 STATEMENT & CERTIFICATION

1 Enter the date the monitoring report was due. Report Due June 30, 2022.
Will this report be submitted after the established due date?
YES NO
2 Was any required information from the above template missing from this
report?
YES NO

3 If applicable, will any of the proposed attenuation milestones under the
schedule approved in the Corrective Action Plan not be met? (within a
reasonable margin of error)
YES NO
No CAP has been completed for this site.
4 Does any known or suspected source zone soil contamination or free
product remain outside of the assessed area that could be inhibiting
natural attenuation?
YES NO
5 Has there been an unexpected increase in contaminant mass sufficient to
suggest a potential new release from a separate onsite or offsite source?
YES NO

FIGURES

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MW-9
Benzene =11.6
MTBE = 17.5
Naphthalene = 5.99
MW-7
Benzene = 0.655
MTBE = ND
Naphthalene = 13.4
MW-8
Benzene =811
MTBE = 401
Naphthalene = ND
MW-8
Benzene =811
MTBE = 401
Naphthalene = ND
MW-6
Benzene = ND
MTBE = 9.01
Naphthalene = ND

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TOP OF DEPTH TO FREE- FREE- ADJUSTED
WELL CASING DATE DEPTH TO FREE PRODUC PRODUC DEPTH TO GROUNDWATE
NUMBE ELEVATION MEASURED WATE PRODUC THICKNESS ADJUSTMEN GROUNDWATE ELEVATION
(Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet)
12/11/2013 65.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 65.40 34.60
1/11/2014 64.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.78 35.22
1/13/2014 67.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 67.03 32.97
4/24/2014 58.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 58.49 41.51
9/24/2014 53.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 53.17 46.83
8/5/2015 39.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 39.70 60.30
5/5/2016 NG NG NG NG NG NG
2/23/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 13.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.57 86.43
6/27/2023 17.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.44 82.56
12/11/2013 Dry Dry Dry Dry Dry Dry
1/11/2014 Dry Dry Dry Dry Dry Dry
4/24/2014 61.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.32 35.36
9/24/2014 53.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 53.20 43.48
8/5/2015 37.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 37.82 58.86
5/5/2016 NG NG NG NG NG NG
2/23/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/27/2023 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/24/2014 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 97.18
9/24/2014 7.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.98 95.20
8/5/2015 9.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.32 93.86
5/5/2016 NG NG NG NG NG NG
2/23/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/27/2023 NG NG NG NG NG NG
MW-1 100.00
MW-2 96.68
MW-3 103.18
TABLE 4
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION DATA
Tommy Hubbard - Former Grapevine Produce
4500 US Hwy. 64-90 West, Taylorsville, NC
NCDEQ Incident #40243
Page 1 of 5
TOP OF DEPTH TO FREE- FREE- ADJUSTED
WELL CASING DATE DEPTH TO FREE PRODUC PRODUC DEPTH TO GROUNDWATE
NUMBE ELEVATION MEASURED WATE PRODUC THICKNESS ADJUSTMEN GROUNDWATE ELEVATION
(Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet)
TABLE 4
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION DATA
Tommy Hubbard - Former Grapevine Produce
4500 US Hwy. 64-90 West, Taylorsville, NC
NCDEQ Incident #40243
4/24/2014 3.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.20 79.46
9/24/2014 4.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.22 78.44
8/5/2015 3.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.28 79.38
5/5/2016 2.93 sheen 0.00 0.00 2.93 79.73
2/23/2017 3.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.56 79.10
9/11/2017 3.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.65 79.01
4/12/2018 3.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.40 79.26
10/18/2018 3.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.07 79.59
5/8/2019 2.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.59 80.07
10/24/2019 2.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.98 80.07
6/9/2022 4.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.55 78.11
6/27/2023 3.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.09 79.57
4/24/2014 13.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.62 78.09
9/24/2014 15.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.20 76.51
8/5/2015 16.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.70 75.01
5/5/2016 NG NG NG NG NG NG
2/23/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 11.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.82 79.89
6/27/2023 11.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.36 80.35
9/24/2014 10.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.61 84.69
8/5/2015 10.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.38 84.92
5/5/2016 10.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.03 85.27
2/23/2017 10.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.73 84.57
9/11/2017 10.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.84 84.46
4/12/2018 10.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.60 84.70
10/18/2018 10.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.76 84.54
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 10.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.24 85.06
6/27/2023 10.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.11 85.19
9/24/2014 7.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.48 92.22
8/5/2015 8.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.35 91.35
5/5/2016 7.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.24 92.46
2/23/2017 9.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.24 90.46
9/11/2017 9.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.48 90.22
4/12/2018 8.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.33 91.37
10/18/2018 7.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.85 91.85
5/8/2019 7.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.54 92.16
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 8.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.26 91.44
6/27/2023 7.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.53 92.17
MW-4 82.66
MW-6 95.30
MW-7 99.70
MW-5 91.71
Page 2 of 5
TOP OF DEPTH TO FREE- FREE- ADJUSTED
WELL CASING DATE DEPTH TO FREE PRODUC PRODUC DEPTH TO GROUNDWATE
NUMBE ELEVATION MEASURED WATE PRODUC THICKNESS ADJUSTMEN GROUNDWATE ELEVATION
(Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet)
TABLE 4
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION DATA
Tommy Hubbard - Former Grapevine Produce
4500 US Hwy. 64-90 West, Taylorsville, NC
NCDEQ Incident #40243
9/24/2014 DRY 0.00 0.00 0.00 DRY DRY
2/5/2015 13.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.44 83.50
8/5/2015 13.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.92 83.02
5/5/2016 13.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.23 83.71
2/23/2017 14.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.11 82.83
9/11/2017 13.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.85 83.09
4/12/2018 13.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.38 83.56
10/18/2018 13.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.63 83.31
5/8/2019 13.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.24 83.70
10/24/2019 13.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.96 82.98
6/9/2022 14.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.35 82.59
6/27/2023 13.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.33 83.61
9/24/2014 9.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.55 75.77
8/5/2015 9.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.63 75.69
5/5/2016 8.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.41 76.91
2/23/2017 10.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.06 75.26
9/11/2017 10.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.02 75.30
4/12/208 9.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.51 75.81
10/18/2018 13.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.34 71.98
5/8/2019 7.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.80 77.52
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 9.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.93 75.39
6/27/2023 9.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.38 75.94
9/24/2014 3.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.44 82.28
8/5/2015 3.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.46 82.26
5/5/2016 NG NG NG NG NG NG
2/23/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/208 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 NG NG NG NG NG NG
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
6/9/2022 4.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.48 81.24
6/27/2023 NG NG NG NG NG NG
MW-8 96.94
MW-9 85.32
MW-10 85.72
Page 4 of 5
TOP OF DEPTH TO FREE- FREE- ADJUSTED
WELL CASING DATE DEPTH TO FREE PRODUC PRODUC DEPTH TO GROUNDWATE
NUMBE ELEVATION MEASURED WATE PRODUC THICKNESS ADJUSTMEN GROUNDWATE ELEVATION
(Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet) (Feet)
TABLE 4
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION DATA
Tommy Hubbard - Former Grapevine Produce
4500 US Hwy. 64-90 West, Taylorsville, NC
NCDEQ Incident #40243
9/24/2014 5.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.43 76.33
8/5/2015 3.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.98 77.78
5/5/2016 3.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.88 77.88
2/23/2017 4.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.72 77.04
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/208 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 9.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.13 72.63
10/18/2018 3.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.33 78.43
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 4.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.45 77.31
6/9/2022 4.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.10 77.66
6/27/2023 4.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.08 77.68
9/24/2014 2.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.22 79.64
8/5/2015 1.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 79.88
5/5/2016 1.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.78 80.08
2/23/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
9/11/2017 NG NG NG NG NG NG
4/12/208 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/18/2018 1.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.67 80.19
5/8/2019 NG NG NG NG NG NG
10/24/2019 1.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.91 79.95
6/9/2022 3.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.36 78.50
6/27/2023 2.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.24 79.62
NG = Not Gauged
aquifer; therefore, the groundwater elevations from these two wells were not used to produce the shallow water table flow map.
81.76MW-11
MW-1 and MW-2 were installed into bedrock and the screened intervals are below the top of rock and represent a deeper portion of the
Datum is arbitrarily set at instrument level = 100'.
MW-12 81.86
Page 5 of 5
SW- SW- SW- SW- SW- NCAC 2L GCLs
4522 4586 4646 4651 4631 Groundwater Groundwater
Standard
12-16-13 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 1.3 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 1.1 ND 14.1 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND 9.6 1.1 2680 3.2 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 16 2.4 2000 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS 1.9 5.7 1930 11.4 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS 2.8 3.2 1890 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS 2.0 1.5 1500 4.9 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND 4.2 1240 2.6 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND 0.77 1700 ND NS 14 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND 1050 28.3 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS 835 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND 672 8.8 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND 0.655 811 11.6 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 0.74 ND 34.3 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 2670 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2300 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS ND 0.86 1730 8.8 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND 2780 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND 2960 ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND 1810 0.63 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND 940 ND NS 0.5 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND 1530 25.8 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS 1460 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 1.6 ND ND ND 75.7 0.53 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 0.842 NS NS ND 0.495 ND ND 373 0.786 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 7.8 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 13.8 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 0.83 ND 63.3 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 70 ND ND 2.2 1660 3.8 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 130 BDL BDL 3.37 1240 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 39 NS ND 25.6 1230 16.5 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 85.9 NS ND 7.9 1040 3.3 NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 24.9 NS ND 5.5 1540 0.51 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 24 NS ND 18.8 1210 5.6 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 24 NS ND 7.6 1400 ND NS 0.65 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 14.2 NS NS 2.5 822 77 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 9.6 NS NS NS 684 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 17.9 ND ND 4.3 1080 2.6 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 0.363 NS NS 13.4 0.245 ND 7.66 1190 0.901 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 29.8 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 62.21 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 2.56 ND 114 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 84 ND ND 11 5230 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 160 BDL BDL 8.14 4700 2.1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 30.1 NS ND 67.24 4560 23.6 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 89.7 NS ND 27.6 4540 1.4 NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 17.5 NS ND 7.1 8090 1.7 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 20.3 NS ND 25.6 4740 8.43 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 15.26 NS ND 1.9 3880 ND NS 2.09 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 13.9 NS NS 2.2 2869 84.3 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 7.4 NS NS NS 3060 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 12.2 ND ND 2.2 1238.3 13.71 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 1.74 NS NS 8.01 1.09 ND 7.98 4520 5.19 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 37.6 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 77.31 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 5.23 ND 225.7 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 154 ND 9.6 14.3 12240 7 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 290 BDL 16 13.91 10240 2.1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 69.1 NS 1.9 99.4 9450 60.3 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 175.6 NS 2.8 38.7 10250 4.7 NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 42.1 NS 2 14.1 14090 7.11 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 44.3 NS ND 48.6 9000 17.26 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 39.26 NS ND 10.27 7920 ND NS 17.24 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 28.1 NS NS 4.7 6271 215.4 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS 6039 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 31.7 ND ND 6.5 3066 25.64 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 2.945 NS NS 21.41 1.83 ND 16.295 6894 18.477 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 5.1 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 3.6 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 133 ND ND ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND 50 ND ND ND 7.6 ND 4620 6.2 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL 15 BDL BDL BDL 9.6 1.14 4390 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS 2.6 1.4 5640 20 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS 3.7 1.2 4260 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 6.7 NS 6 1.3 2700 6.2 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS 3.5 1.2 1830 3.3 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS 3 0.6 1800 ND NS 23 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND 1240 26.1 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS 1010 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND 7.5 ND 306 11.9 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND 9.01 ND 401 17.5 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND 0.648
12-16-13 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS 12.7 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
TABLE 5
Laboratory Results of Groundwater Samples
Former Grapevine Produce
NC DEQ Incident #40243
MONITORING WELL NUMBER SUPPLY WELLS
Parameters
Clorobenzene
Benzene
MTBE
Volatiles by EPA 6200B
5,0001
500 85,500
84,500600
260,000600
50 50,000
20 20,000
No Standard No Standard
Surface Water
SFW-3SFW-2MW-12MW-11MW-10MW-9MW-8MW-2MW-1DATE
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
UNITS
ug/l
ug/l
MW-7MW-6MW-5MW-4MW-3
BTEX
Total Xylenes
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
ug/l
Page 1 of 6
SW- SW- SW- SW- SW- NCAC 2L GCLs
4522 4586 4646 4651 4631 Groundwater Groundwater
Standard
TABLE 5
Laboratory Results of Groundwater Samples
Former Grapevine Produce
NC DEQ Incident #40243
MONITORING WELL NUMBER SUPPLY WELLS
Parameters
Surface Water
SFW-3SFW-2MW-12MW-11MW-10MW-9MW-8MW-2MW-1DATEUNITS MW-7MW-6MW-5MW-4MW-3
12-16-13 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND 2.7 ND ND ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND 2.0 ND 66 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 3.8 BDL 71.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS 0.8 ND 86.3 ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS 0.83 ND 64.9 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS 1.6 ND 48.3 ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS 0.77 ND 38.1 ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS 0.55 ND 37 ND NS 0.43 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND 28.9 ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS 23.9 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND 1.2 ND 14 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND 0.997 ND ND 0.629 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 1.7 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 3 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND ND ND 155 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 92 ND ND 1.2 121 5.5 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 180 BDL BDL 1.3 70.4 2.06 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 52.5 NS ND 3.9 64.6 7 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 122 NS ND 4.2 49.0 5.3 NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 51.1 NS ND 2.2 76.8 5.4 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 31.5 NS ND 4.9 66.9 6 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 38 NS ND 1.8 62 ND NS 8.4 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 32.7 NS NS 0.87 46.4 19.9 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 30.1 NS NS NS 36 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 28.6 ND ND 1.4 63.6 14.9 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS 19.8 ND ND 1.43 55.4 16.9 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 63.5 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 64 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND ND ND 48.8 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 66 ND ND ND 305 8.2 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 192 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 36.1 NS ND 32.8 179 9.5 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 59.9 NS ND 7.9 194 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 21.2 NS ND 7.4 302 5.6 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 14.5 NS ND 20.9 206 3.1 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 13 NS ND 10 190 ND NS 5 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 10.6 NS NS 4 190 12.7 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 8.3 NS NS NS 253 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 12.4 ND ND 7.1 252 7.1 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 5.23 NS NS 38.6 2.36 ND 13.4 ND 5.99 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 5.7 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 9.7 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND ND ND 533 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 310 ND ND 1.1 269 11 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 780 BDL BDL 1.48 201 4.92 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 202 NS ND 9.6 161 17.5 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 550 NS ND 5.3 126 11.7 NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 211 NS ND 3.0 ND 13 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 147 NS ND 10.6 141 13 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 160 NS ND 3.9 140 ND NS 20 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 139 NS NS 1.3 ND 36.6 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 134 NS NS NS 74 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 122 ND ND 1.6 146 33.8 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS 87.7 ND ND 2.42 122 35.2 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 ND Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 ND BDL BDL ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 3.6 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
12-16-13 44.8 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 77.6 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 2.7 ND ND 1530 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 1100 ND ND 5.9 1870 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 2100 BDL 1.2 4.28 1340 1.61 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 506 NS ND 68 1200 14.5 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 1480 NS ND 13.4 1030 0.75 NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 462 NS 0.57 3.1 2600 ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 308 NS ND 29 1640 5.4 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 260 NS ND 0.69 1700 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 277 NS NS 2.1 1060 68.9 NS 0.79 ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 207 NS NS NS 984 NS NS ND 0.58 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 228 ND ND 2.7 564 3 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 0.642 NS NS 121 0.387 ND 4.87 1400 1.29 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
EDB
IPE
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
1,2,3-Tricloropropane
n-Propylbenzene
Naphthalene
Isopropylbenzene
0.02 50
70 70,000
28,500400
No Standard No Standard
26,10070
6,0006
70 30,500
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
Page 2 of 6
SW- SW- SW- SW- SW- NCAC 2L GCLs
4522 4586 4646 4651 4631 Groundwater Groundwater
Standard
TABLE 5
Laboratory Results of Groundwater Samples
Former Grapevine Produce
NC DEQ Incident #40243
MONITORING WELL NUMBER SUPPLY WELLS
Parameters
Surface Water
SFW-3SFW-2MW-12MW-11MW-10MW-9MW-8MW-2MW-1DATEUNITS MW-7MW-6MW-5MW-4MW-3
12-16-13 15 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
01-13-14 26 Dry N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-24-14 0.82 ND ND 592 ND N I N I N I N I N I N I N I NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-24-14 ND ND ND 370 ND ND ND 513 2.1 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 870 BDL 1.3 BDL 365 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 205 NS ND 6 328 3.4 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 630 NS ND 2.6 324 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 227 N ND 1.3 ND ND NS NS N NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 146 NS ND 3.7 495 1.2 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 130 NS ND 0.6 440 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 135 NS NS ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 115 NS NS NS 357 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 112 ND ND ND 101 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS 67.7 ND ND 0.628 415 ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 220 BDL BDL BDL 12.9 1.4 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND 3.5 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 165 NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS 55.1 NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS 57 NS ND 1.5 ND 2.8 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 91 NS ND 0.57 12 ND NS 3.1 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS 40.6 NS NS ND ND 3.2 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 38.3 NS NS NS 20 NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS 69.1 ND ND ND ND 3.1 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS 125 ND ND 0.359 ND 2.69 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 100 BDL BDL BDL 10.2 1.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS 20.4 NS ND 0.94 ND 2.5 NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS 77.4 NS ND 0.66 ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND 1.9 NS NS N NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 33 NS ND 0.6 12 ND NS 2.6 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS 24.5 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND 2.8 ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS 44.6 ND ND 0.458 ND 2.85 NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-09-22 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 1.2 ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-09-22 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 5.6 ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-09-22 ND NS NS ND 3.2 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS ND ND
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
08-05-15 BDL BDL BDL 58 BDL BDL BDL 17.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL NS NS
05-05-16 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
02-23-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
09-11-17 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
04-12-18 NS NS NS ND NS ND ND ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-18-18 NS NS NS 16 NS ND ND 26 ND NS ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
05-08-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND ND NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
10-24-19 NS NS NS ND NS NS NS ND NS NS ND ND NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
06-09-22 NA NS NS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS NS NS NS NA NA
06-27-23 ND NS NS ND ND ND ND ND ND NS ND ND ND NS NS NS NS ND ND
ND = Not Detected Above Laboratory Reporting Limit NA = Not Applicable or Not Analyzed for this Parameter NS = Not Sampled during this event BDL = Below Detection Limit of Laboratory
N I = Not Installed at this sampling date ug/L = Micrograms Per Liter 4620 Bold values exceed NCAC 2L Standards 4620 Bold and shaded values exceed NCAC 2L Standards & GCL
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 24,100400
25 11,700
5,90070
8,80070
3,0003
70,00070
70,00070
p-Isopropyltoluene
sec-Butylbenzene
n-Butylbenzene
ug/l
ug/l
ug/l
Chloroethane ug/l
ug/l
ug/lStyrene
Chloroform ug/l
Page 3 of 6

Graphs

Historical Concentrations of Benzene, Napthalene and MTBE in MW-8
Date Benzene Conc.
24-Sep 2680
5-Aug 2000
5-May 1930
23-Feb 1890
11-Sep 1500
12-Apr 1240
18-Oct 1700
8-May 1050
24-Oct 835
9-Jun 672
27-Jun 811
Date Napthalene Conc
09-24-14 305
08-05-15 192
05-05-16 179
02-23-17 194
09-11-17 302
04-12-18 206
10-18-18 190
05-08-19 190
10-24-19 253
06-09-22 252
06-27-23 0
Date MTBE Concentrations
09-24-14 4620
08-05-15 4390
05-05-16 5640
02-23-17 4260
09-11-17 2700
04-12-18 1830
10-18-18 1800
05-08-19 1240
10-24-19 1010
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
24-Sep-14 5-Aug-15 5-May-16 23-Feb-17 11-Sep-17 12-Apr-18 18-Oct-18 8-May-19 24-Oct-19 9-Jun-22 27-Jun-23
Be
n
z
e
n
e

C
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
u
g
/
l
)
Sampling Date
Benzene Concentration in MW-8
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
09-24-14 08-05-15 05-05-16 02-23-17 09-11-17 04-12-18 10-18-18 05-08-19 10-24-19 06-09-22 06-27-23
Na
p
t
h
a
l
e
n
e

C
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
u
g
/
l
)
Sampling Date
Napthalene Concentrations in MW-8
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
09-24-14 08-05-15 05-05-16 02-23-17 09-11-17 04-12-18 10-18-18 05-08-19 10-24-19 06-09-22 06-27-23
MT
B
E

C
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
u
g
/
l
)
MTBE Concentrations in MW-8

APPENDIX A

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality | Division of Waste Management
Mooresville Regional Office | 610 East Center Avenue | Suite 301 | Mooresville, NC
28115 | [phone]
May 22, 2022
Tommy Hubbard
515 Crestview Drive
Taylorsville, North Carolina 27265
Re: Notice of Regulatory Requirements
15A NCAC 02L .0110(c) [High Risk]
Risk-based Assessment and Corrective Action
For Petroleum Underground Storage Tanks
Former Grapevine Produce
4500 NC Highway 64-90 West
Alexander County
Incident Number: 40243
Risk Classification: High
Ranking: H-195-D
Dear Mr. Hubbard:
The report received on June 29, 2022 has been reviewed by the UST Section, Division of Waste
Management, Mooresville Regional Office. The risk posed by the discharge or release at the subject site is
classified by the Department of Environmental Quality as high, as stipulated under Title 15A NCAC 02L
.0406. The land use at the site is classified as industrial/commercial. Title 15A NCAC 02L .0407(a) requires
you to notify the Department of any changes that might affect the risk or land use classifications that have
been assigned.
The review indicates that corrective action is necessary to remediate environmental contamination. Title
15A NCAC 02L .0407(c) [High Risk] requires you to comply with the assessment and cleanup requirements
of Title 15A NCAC 02N .0706, Title15A NCAC 02L .0106(c), Title 15A NCAC 02L .0110, and Title 15A
NCAC 02L .0111. A Groundwater Monitoring Report prepared in accordance with these requirements
and the most recent version of the UST Section Assessment Guidelines must be received by this office
VHPLDQQXDOO\3lease sample all surrounding water supply wells located within 500 feet of the former
UST location and also the surface water downgradient of the site. Please also sample MW-1, MW-4,
MW-5, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9, MW-11 and MW-12. Active remediation is not approved at this
time.7KHQH[WUHSRUWLVGXH$XJXVW
For additional reference, please refer to the most recent version of the Guidelines for Site Checks,
Tank Closures, and Initial Response and Abatement. Report requirements can be found in the most recent
version of the Comprehensive Appendices for Correction Guidelines. Reports must contain the
information specified in the report template presented in Appendix A of the Guidelines.
Failure to comply in the manner and time specified may result in the assessment of civil
penalties and/or the use of other enforcement mechanisms.
Page 2 of 2
Incident Number 40243
May 22, 2023
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality | Division of Waste Management
Mooresville Regional Office | 610 East Center Avenue | Suite 301 | Mooresville, NC 28115
| [phone]
The Department of Environmental Quality requires that all work not determined to be an emergency
response or associated with risk assessment (i.e., the Limited Site Assessment Report, per Title 15A NCAC
02L .0405) must be preapproved if State Trust Fund reimbursement is anticipated. To comply with this
requirement, a completed Preapproval/Claim Authorization Form, encompassing the required remedial
activities, must be received in this office within 14 days of the date of this letter. Upon completion of the
preapproved activities, you should submit your claim promptly. Reimbursement funds are budgeted based
on completed preapprovals, but delays in reimbursement or even denial due to exceeding the statute of
limitations on claiming eligible costs can result where claims are not submitted immediately following work
completion.
Because a release or discharge has been confirmed, a Licensed Geologist or a Professional Engineer,
certified by the State of North Carolina, is required to prepare and certify all reports submitted to the
Department in accordance with 15A NCAC 02L .0103(e) and 02L .0111(e) if required.
If you have any questions regarding trust fund eligibility or reimbursement from the Commercial Leaking
Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Cleanup Fund, please contact the UST Section Trust Fund Branch
at [phone]. If you have any questions regarding the actions that must be taken or the rules mentioned
in this letter, please [e-mail] or 704-235-2175.
Sincerely,
Ryan C Mills
Environmental Program Consultant
Mooresville Regional Office
UST Section, Division of Waste Management, NCDEQ
cc:Alexander County Health Department (Via Email)
0LNH-RQHV/*Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. (Via Email)

APPENDIX B

Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 1
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016
Standard Field Procedures
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C.
________________________________________________________________________
1.0 Equipment Decontamination
Equipment decontamination is essential to assure representative environmental samples are
collected and to eliminate the potential for cross-contamination between sample points.
Pyramid strives to clean all field equipment prior to leaving the office; however, field
decontamination is still required on most projects. The procedures for decontamination of
water level probes, hand augers, sampling probes, trowels, and other field equipment are
listed below.

1.1 EPA Region IV Decontamination Procedures
Drilling and soil sampling equipment is decontaminated prior to each use using a pressure
washer or steam cleaner. Reusable sampling equipment (hand augers, sampling probes,
trowels, split spoon samplers, water sampling equipment, etc.…) are decontaminated using
the general procedure described below.
x Wash with non-phosphate detergent and water, brush to remove particulate matter
x Rinse with tap water
x Rinse with 10 percent nitric acid solution (only if sampling for metals)
x Rinse with de-ionized water
x Rinse with pesticide-grade isopropyl alcohol
x Rinse with de-ionized water
x Air-dry as long as possible
The level of decontamination used is appropriate to the analytical parameters selected and
the material of the sampling device being used for sampling. For example, if metals analyses
are required, then the 10 % nitric acid solution is used for decontamination of stainless-steel
equipment. Pyramid uses de-ionized or distilled water for decontamination. Equipment that
is not used immediately after decontamination is wrapped in aluminum foil prior to storage.

2.0 Soil Borings & Sampling

2.1 Soil Borings
Soil borings are used by Pyramid to characterize the subsurface at many sites. The borings
provide information concerning soil types and density, depth to refusal, depth to bedrock,
organic vapors that may be present, and can be used to obtain samples for laboratory
analysis. Pyramid conducts borings in several different ways, using hand augers, direct-push
equipment (Geoprobe), sample probes, split-spoon samplers (ASTM D 1586-84), auger
drilling, air drilling, and Vibro-Core. The following procedures are used by Pyramid
Environmental when performing soil borings: 1. Soil boring locations are chosen, and the utility locating service is called to mark all
public utilities. Pyramid also locates private utilities at many project sites using
Pyramid locating equipment or a private utility locating service.
Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 2
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016

2. Down hole drilling equipment is cleaned prior to use and between borings using
pressure washing or steam cleaning. Additional decontamination procedures in
Section 1.1 are used for quality assurance for sampling tools such as split spoons or
direct-push points.

3. Soil borings are advanced using direct-push, drilling rigs, hand augers, or other
appropriate means.

4. Soil samples are normally collected at a minimum of 5-foot intervals. Each sample is
divided into two parts. Soil samples for laboratory analyses are jarred from the initial
sample volume. The remaining soil is stored in a sealed container for headspace
analysis with an organic vapor analyzer (OVA).

5. After screening the soil with the field instruments, each soil sample is described by
the field geologist and a geologic description is recorded in project documentation.

6. Soils are typically described in the field by the project geologist or soil scientist and
are classified according to the Unified Soil Classification System (ASTM D 2488-84).

7. Soil samples selected for laboratory analysis are placed in properly prepared,
laboratory supplied containers and immediately packed in a cooler on ice. Sample
custody is maintained using standard chain-of-custody procedures through delivery
to the analytical laboratory.

8. Soil borings, which are not completed as monitoring wells, are grouted using a
Portland cement, bentonite, or backfilled with soil cuttings.

9. Where appropriate, soil cuttings are spread near the soil boring or well site in most
instances. In rare instances, drill cuttings will be containerized and disposed off-site
after waste determination has been made.

2.2 Headspace Screening
Soil samples are routinely screened for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which may be
an indication of organic or petroleum hydrocarbon contamination. The typical screening
procedure includes immediately transferring the soil from the sampling devices to a sealed
container (sealed plastic bag). The soil container is filled approximately halfway with soil and
sealed. This creates headspace above the soil in which VOCs may accumulate. The
container is allowed to stand for 5 to 15 minutes for the VOCs to equilibrate in the headspace
of the container. The headspace of the container is then screened using a calibrated organic
vapor analyzer (PID or FID). The screening is conducted by cracking the seal only enough
to allow insertion of the probe into the headspace so as not to dilute the sample. In most
cases where the contaminant of concern includes volatile organics, the highest or “Peak“
field-screening result is documented for each sample. The soil samples showing the highest
reading from each boring are typically selected for laboratory analysis.

Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 3
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016
2.3 Soil Sample Collection for Laboratory Analysis After the targeted depth has been reached, soil samples are collected using a variety of
sampling devices. Soil sample devices used include split-spoons, stainless-steel hand
augers, stainless-steel sampling scoops, and directly from the center of the excavator
bucket. The sample technician uses appropriate disposable sampling gloves, which are
changed between samples to avoid cross-contamination of samples. Each sampling device
is decontaminated prior to use. Only laboratory provided containers are used for sample
collection. Samples are collected in accordance with the preservation methods required by
the requested analytical method. Samples are handled as little as possible and preserved in
the field as specified for the analytical method. The samples are stored and transported to
the laboratory in an insulated cooler chilled to approximately 4 degrees centigrade. The
samples are labeled with a minimum of the following information: project name or number,
sampler name, date collected, sample number, and analysis requested. Sample custody is
maintained using standard chain-of-custody procedures through delivery to the analytical
laboratory. Notes of the sampling events are recorded in bound field notebooks.

2.4 Sediment Sample Collection for Laboratory Analysis Near surface sediment may be present in a surface water stream or dry intermittent stream
bed. Sediment samples are typically soil related samples and may be collected with a variety
of sampling tools. Pyramid will use stainless-steel samplers which have been
decontaminated according to the procedure detailed in section 1.1 of this document. After
the sediment samples are collected, the location, depth, conditions, and sample composition
are documented in the project records. The samples will be screened in the field to detect
volatile organic vapors and visually examined for contamination. Sediment samples will be
preserved in laboratory prepared containers in accordance with sample preservation
recommendation of the analytical laboratory. Samples are handled as little as possible and
preserved in the field as specified for the analytical method. The samples are stored and
transported in an insulated cooler chilled to approximately 4 degrees centigrade. The
samples are labeled with a minimum of the following information: project name or number,
sampler name, date collected, sample number, and analysis requested. Sample custody is
maintained using standard chain-of-custody procedures through delivery to the analytical
laboratory. Documentation of the sampling events are recorded in bound field notebooks.

3.0 Direct-Push Sampling Procedures
Direct-push sampling techniques have been used at many sites to collect soil and
groundwater samples rapidly and inexpensively. Track-mounted, direct-push rigs can access
hard to reach areas and allow borings and monitoring wells to be installed. Pyramid has used
this technology to the benefit of our clients at many project sites.

For soil sampling, typically, the direct-push steel drive tube is decontaminated using a
pressure washer, and a new plastic sample liner is inserted in the steel drive tube to collect
soil samples. If necessary, the stainless-steel sampling tube is decontaminated using Region
IV decontamination procedures presented in Section 1.1. The soil samples are collected in
new polyethylene sample tubes within the steel drive tube. The soil samples are then
extracted from the polyethylene liner and preserved as required for the appropriate
laboratory analysis.
Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 4
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016
For Groundwater sampling, a steel probe with a retractable screen section and tubing are
driven to depth and the screened section is opened to allow groundwater to enter the tubing.
The water samples are withdrawn using new polyethylene tubing with either a
decontaminated stainless-steel check ball, or peristaltic pump. The groundwater sample is
placed directly into the appropriate laboratory containers and sealed immediately. To prevent
cross-contamination of samples, new disposable tubing is used for each groundwater
sample point. Disposable nitrile gloves are worn by field personnel during development and
groundwater sampling, and gloves are changed between samples. Groundwater sampling
procedures are detailed more in Section 5.0, as appropriate for each analytical method.

4.0 Monitoring Well Installation
Groundwater monitoring wells are installed in many subsurface environments; sedimentary,
Piedmont saprolite, and mountain terrains to list a few. Formations encountered include
unconsolidated and consolidated sediments, saprolitic and weathered rock formations, and
bedrock. Groundwater monitoring wells provide a stable sampling point at discrete intervals
within the confined or unconfined aquifers. Monitoring wells are installed for a number of
reasons, and are typically installed as 1-inch, 2-inch, 4-inch, or 6-inch diameter wells.
Construction may be of PVC or other appropriate materials. The following procedures are
used by Pyramid when performing borings and monitoring well installations.

x If required, monitoring well permits are obtained from the State, County, or City.
x Boring and monitoring well locations are chosen, and utilities are marked by the
public utility locating company. As needed, the drill locations may also be scanned
for utilities using a private utility locating company.
x In selecting a drill site, care is taken to avoid overhead power lines, and subsurface
utilities whenever possible.
x Down hole drilling equipment is decontaminated prior to use and between borings.
x Borings are advanced using direct-push, drilling rigs, hand augers, solid-stem
augers, hollow-stem augers, air rotary drilling, or air hammer drilling.
x Soil samples are normally collected at a minimum of 5-foot intervals. Each sample is
divided into two parts. Soil samples for laboratory analyses are jarred from the initial
sample volume. The remaining soil is stored in a sealed container for headspace
analysis with an organic vapor analyzer (OVA).
x After screening the soil with the field instruments, each soil sample is described by
the field geologist and a geologic description is recorded in the field notes.

Type II monitoring wells are usually installed using 2-inch diameter schedule 40 PVC riser
and 2-inch, 0.010-inch machine slotted well screen. The screened interval varies with the
purpose of the well, and well details are presented with the boring logs.

Type III wells are usually installed as double-cased wells to monitor the deeper portions of
the aquifer. The first casing is usually a 6-inch diameter casing drilled to bedrock or an
appropriate depth within the saprolite. The 6-inch diameter casing is then set and grouted in
the borehole. After the cement grout has set for 12 to 24-hours, the borehole is completed
to the desired depth using air rotary or an air hammer drilling. The Type III monitoring well is
usually constructed of 2-inch diameter SCH 40 PVC casing and 2-inch diameter SCH 40
PVC 0.010-inch slotted well screen.
Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 5
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016
In most applications, a sand filter pack of #2 well sand (or appropriately sized well sand) is
typically installed to a level of 2 feet above the top of the screen in each well. A minimum 2-
foot thick bentonite seal is usually placed on top of the filter pack and hydrated with de-
ionized or distilled water. The remaining annular space of a typical well is backfilled to grade
with a Portland cement/bentonite grout. In monitoring wells where the water table is close to
surface, the amount of sand above the screen and bentonite will be reduced to allow for a
minimum of 2–3 feet of cement grout in the well bore.

At the surface, each well is usually secured with a locking cap and a steel well protector set
in a 2 by 2 foot concrete pad. In some cases, stick-up well protectors are used to secure the
well and allow the well to be more easily located in wooded or open areas.

Each groundwater monitoring well is developed by surging, pumping, or bailing to remove
sediment before sampling. Water removed during development is managed according to
regulatory standards.

5.0 Water Sampling Procedures
Pyramid relies on water sampling as a primary method for assessment of subsurface
conditions. Water sampling typically includes sampling groundwater from monitoring wells,
supply wells, surface water bodies, waste pits, sumps, etc. The following provides typical
sampling procedures for the major sample types.

5.1 Monitoring Wells
Prior to sampling each monitoring well, depth to product/groundwater and total well depth
are measured using a properly decontaminated electric interface probe. This information is
recorded in the field record and the volume of the water in the well casing is calculated. To
purge stagnant water from each monitoring well, five well casing volumes of water are
removed from each well, or until the field parameters pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen,
and temperature have stabilized. If the water in the monitoring well is removed until the well
is dry, then the well is sampled thereafter. Water removed from wells during purging is
managed in accordance with regulatory guidance. Depending on project requirements,
temperature, pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and other parameters may be
measured prior to sampling.

Groundwater samples are typically collected using a new disposable polyethylene bailer and
a new length of nylon cord. To prevent cross-contamination of samples between wells, a
new disposable bailer is used for each well. A new pair of disposable gloves is worn by field
personnel during purging and sampling, and is changed between wells. In the case of small
diameter monitoring wells or direct-push water samples, water samples may be collected
using a peristaltic pump and new polyethylene tubing. Another method is to use a segment
of new polyethylene tubing and a stainless-steel check ball to create a “Tube Bailer”.

Groundwater samples selected for laboratory analysis are placed in properly prepared,
laboratory supplied containers and immediately preserved in a cooler on ice. Samples are
maintained under standard chain-of-custody procedures from sample collection through
laboratory analysis.
Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 6
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016
5.2 Water Supply Well Sampling Procedures Prior to sampling each water supply well, the well owner is contacted to provide access to
the well. The well owner is interviewed to find the faucet closest to the well for sampling. If
there are no faucets located on the well, then water from an outside faucet is usually
sampled. If there are no outside faucets available, then the water samples are collected from
an inside faucet. The location of the sample is recorded in the field book.

The owner is interviewed to see if there is a chlorination system on the well, or if the well has
been recently chlorinated. Recent chlorination could affect the laboratory detection limits. In
most cases, the samples are preserved using sodium thiosulfate or ascorbic acid to remove
the interactions of chlorine, which may be present in the samples.

To purge stagnant water from the water supply well system, the faucet is allowed to run on
full stream for a minimum of 15 minutes. The aerator is removed from the tap if one is
present. Water removed from wells during purging is managed according to regulatory
standards.

Supply well samples are collected using appropriate laboratory prepared containers for each
analysis. The analytical methods selected will vary with the contaminant of interest. To
prevent cross-contamination of samples between wells, disposable latex gloves are worn by
field personnel during purging and sampling and are changed between wells. It is possible
that samples may be required at several places within the water supply system. The samples
will be collected accordingly and labeled to show the source and location sampled.

Supply well samples selected for laboratory analysis are placed in properly prepared,
laboratory supplied containers and immediately packed in a cooler on wet ice, and chilled to
approximately 4 degrees Celsius. Samples are maintained under strict control using
standard chain-of-custody procedures through laboratory analysis.

5.3 Surface Water Sampling
Surface water samples are obtained using several techniques including use of sample
bailers, sample scoops, from boats, bridges, or wading into a stream. Caution should always
be used when sampling surface water to ensure that the water collected is representative of
the conditions. Since stream or open water sampling is transient, careful documentation of
the site conditions is required.

In many studies, additional samples from upstream and downstream of the desired sample
point are required. Surface water sampling must be planned to reflect the desired conditions
during sampling. The general procedures are similar to the supply well sampling procedures
detailed above. Appropriate laboratory prepared containers are used for each analysis. The
analytical methods selected will vary with the contaminant of interest.

To prevent cross-contamination of samples between samples, disposable latex gloves are
worn by field personnel during purging and sampling and are changed between samples. It
is possible that samples may be required at several places along the stream to check for
influences of up-stream facilities.

Standard Field Procedures: Revision 10.3 Page 7
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C. Revision date 11-11-2016
The samples will be collected accordingly and labeled to show the source and location
sampled. Sample will always be collected upstream of the area disturbed by the person
sampling the stream. Surface water samples selected for laboratory analysis are placed in
properly prepared, laboratory supplied containers and immediately packed in a cooler on ice.
Samples are maintained under strict control using standard chain-of-custody procedures
through laboratory analysis.

6.0 Quality Assurance / Quality Control
The decontamination procedures listed above have been implemented on many sites with
excellent results. The procedures are often verified by an appropriate use of the following
environmental sample “Blanks.”

Trip Blanks
The Trip Blank (or travel blanks) are often used to verify that the sample containers are not
impacted during shipping, and verify that the source of the glassware is not the source of
contamination. The trip blanks are preserved de-ionized water, collected in the laboratory,
and shipped with the sample containers to the site. The trip blank remains in the cooler and
is shipped back to the laboratory with the environmental samples. The trip blank is usually
analyzed for volatile organics, which correspond to the target analyses.

Field Blanks
Field Blanks are quality assurance samples which are collected in the field to represent the
conditions present at the time the samples are collected. For water samples, the laboratory
containers are opened and filled in the field using de-ionized (or distilled) water from a known
source. The samples then travel to the laboratory with the other samples for analysis.

Equipment Blanks
Equipment Blanks are used to verify whether the decontamination procedures used for the
sample equipment or the new equipment added any contaminants to the sample during
collection. If a non-disposable sampling device is used (such as a sampling treir, scoop,
hand auger, Teflon bailer, etc…), then the decontamination of the sampling device is usually
verified using an equipment blank. The equipment blank is collected using de-ionized (or
distilled) water from a known source. The equipment is cleaned, and allowed to dry, the water
is poured over or through the equipment, and collected in the appropriate sample containers.
The equipment blank samples are preserved with the other environmental samples, and
shipped for analyses for the target parameters.

Duplicate Samples
Duplicate Samples are used to verify the sampling procedures and laboratory analysis
variability. The duplicate samples may be collected from waste streams, soil, or groundwater.
These samples are collected and sent to the laboratory as a blind sample to have maximum
effectiveness. Samples are generally analyzed for the same analytical methods as the actual
environmental sample for direct comparison. Duplicate samples may also be split between
two different laboratories to provide verification of laboratory detection limits or quality
process verification.

APPENDIX C


Laboratory's liability in any claim relating to analyses performed shall be limited to, at laboratory's option, repeating the
analysis in question at laboratory's expense, or the refund of the charges paid for performance of said analysis.






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Certification Summary
Laboratory ID: WP CNC: Waypoint Analytical Carolina, Inc. (C), Charlotte, NC
State Program Lab ID Expiration Date
07/31/202337735State ProgramNorth Carolina
12/31/2023402State ProgramNorth Carolina
07/31/202399012State ProgramSouth Carolina
12/31/202299012State ProgramSouth Carolina
Page 1 of 1 00016/23-181-0022
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Fed Ex
UPS
US Postal
Client
Lab
Courier
Other :
Shipment Receipt Form
Customer Number:
Customer Name:
Report Number:23-181-0022
Pyramid Environmental & Engineering, P.C.
01168
Shipping Method
Shipping container/cooler uncompromised?
Thermometer ID:IRT15 2.9C
Chain of Custody (COC) present?Yes No
Yes No Not Present
Yes No Not Present
Yes No
COC agrees with sample label(s)? Yes No
COC properly completed
Samples in proper containers?
Sample containers intact?
Sufficient sample volume for indicated test(s)?
All samples received within holding time?
Cooler temperature in compliance?
Yes No
Yes No
Yes No
Yes No
Yes No
Yes NoCooler/Samples arrived at the laboratory on ice.
Samples were considered acceptable as cooling
process had begun.
Yes No
Yes No N/A
Yes No N/A
Yes No N/ASoil VOA method 5035 – compliance criteria met
Water - Sample containers properly preserved
Water - VOA vials free of headspace Yes No N/A
Trip Blanks received with VOAs
Low concentration EnCore samplers (48 hr)
High concentration pre-weighed (methanol -14 d)Low conc pre-weighed vials (Sod Bis -14 d)
High concentration container (48 hr)
Custody seals intact on shipping container/cooler?
Custody seals intact on sample bottles?
Number of coolers/boxes received
Yes No
1
Signature:Angelo Norvell Date & Time:06/30/2023 15:01:36
Special precautions or instructions included?
Comments:
Page 80 of 82
Page 81 of 82
Page 82 of 82

APPENDIX D

Date Average VOC
Concentrations
in Monitoring
Wells
[µg/L]
Plume Area
[m2]
Estimated
Plume Height
[m]
Estimated
Porosity
[%]
Estimated Groundwater
Contaminant Mass Based on
Average VOC Concentrations
in Monitoring Wells
[µg]
Estimated Total
Groundwater Mass
Reduction Rate Based
on Average VOC
Concentrations in
Monitoring Wells
[%]
24-Sep-14 673.48 966 4 25% 6.51E+08 0
5-Aug-15 504.60 562 4 25% 2.84E+08 56.41%
5-May-16 487.25 1589 4 25% 7.74E+08 -19.01%
23-Feb-17 474.00 1737 4 25% 8.23E+08 -26.55%
11-Sep-17 377.10 1588 4 25% 5.99E+08 7.95%
12-Apr-18 311.70 1737 4 25% 5.41E+08 16.78%
18-Oct-18 285.80 964 4 25% 2.76E+08 57.65%
8-May-19 179.70 1055 4 25% 1.90E+08 70.86%
24-Oct-19 208.75 1070 4 25% 2.23E+08 65.67%
9-Jun-22 68.08 1217 4 25% 8.29E+07 87.26%
27-Jun-23 91.47 1426 4 25% 1.30E+08 79.95%
Estimated Groundwater Benzene Mass Calculation & Reduction Rate
Former Grapevine Produce - NCDEQ Incident # 40243
4500 NC Highway 64-90 West, Taylorsville, Alexander County, NC 27217
Date Average VOC
Concentrations
in Monitoring
Wells
[µg/L]
Plume Area
[m2]
Estimated
Plume Height
[m]
Estimated
Porosity
[%]
Estimated Groundwater
Contaminant Mass Based on
Average VOC Concentrations
in Monitoring Wells
[µg]
Estimated Total
Groundwater Mass
Reduction Rate Based
on Average VOC
Concentrations in
Monitoring Wells
[%]
24-Sep-14 1172.40 966 4 25% 1.13E+09 0.00%
5-Aug-15 1121.94 355 4 25% 3.98E+08 64.83%
5-May-16 1416.00 808 4 25% 1.14E+09 -1.02%
23-Feb-17 1066.23 836 4 25% 8.91E+08 21.30%
11-Sep-17 678.38 562 4 25% 3.81E+08 66.34%
12-Apr-18 459.50 604 4 25% 2.78E+08 75.49%
18-Oct-18 304.33 851 4 25% 2.59E+08 77.13%
8-May-19 211.02 808 4 25% 1.71E+08 84.94%
24-Oct-19 252.50 747 4 25% 1.89E+08 83.35%
9-Jun-22 32.54 1149 4 25% 3.74E+07 96.70%
27-Jun-23 47.5 1137 4 25% 5.40E+07 95.23%
Estimated Groundwater MTBE Mass Calculation & Reduction Rate
Former Grapevine Produce - NCDEQ Incident # 4024
4500 NC Highway 64-90 West, Taylorsville, Alexander County, NC 2721
Estimated Volume of
contaminated soil based
on area of 2,000 ft² and
depth of 5 ft.
[yd3]
Estimated Mass
of contaminated
soil
[tons - US]
Estimated
Mass of
contaminated
soil
[kg]
Average
Contaminant
concentration
[mg/kg]
Estimated Total
soil contaminant
mass
[mg]
Estimated
Total
contaminan
t mass
[kg]
Estimated
Total
contaminan
t mass
[lb.]
370.37 555.56 503,991 200 100,798,233 100.80 222.19
Baseline Soil Contaminant Mass Calculation for
Former Grapevine Produce - NCDEQ Incident # 40243
The baseline soil contaminant mass is estimated based on the results of the soil assessment activities
4500 NC Highway 64-90 West, Taylorsville, Alexander County, NC 27217
completed during the UST removal and Soil Excavation and during the CSA soil assessment.