WS-9069_44302_CA_FPR_20150515

Transmittal Letter
Incident Manager: Linda Estkowski
Incident Name: Pagetown Exxon
Incident Number: 44302
Facility ID: 0-004296
Document: Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well
Sampling Report
Document Date: 5/8/15

Jeff Ballsieper
Progress Environmental, Inc.
P.O. Box 5884
Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27113
Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling Report
Pagetown Exxon
Reidsville, North Carolina
Progress Project No. 1015059.001

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

A SITE IDENTIFICATION........................................................................................................................1
B SITE HISTORY, CHARACTERIZATION AND PURPOSE..............................................................3
C HISTORIC FREE PRODUCT GAUGING...........................................................................................3
D MOBILE MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION (MMPE) ACTIVITIES..................................................4
E GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES ...............................................................................4
F REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY...........................................................................4
G SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY.......................................................................................5
H DETERMINATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION....................................................5
I CONCLUSIONS......................................................................................................................................5
J RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................................................6

FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure 1 - Topographic Site Map
Figure 2 - Site Plan
Figure 3 - Water-Supply Well Location Map
Figure 4 - Potentiometric Surface Map
Table B-4 - Summary of Groundwater Analytical Results
Table B-5 - Observed Water-Supply Well Information
Table B-7 - Well Construction Information
Table B-8 - MMPE Results
Table B-9 - MMPE Results

APPENDIX

Disposal Manifest
Sampling Sheet
Laboratory Data
Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling Report
Pagetown Exxon
Reidsville, North Carolina
Progress Project No. 1015059.001

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B SITE HISTORY, CHARACTERIZATION AND PURPOSE

The site is located at 8035 Cherry Grove Road in Reidsville, Caswell County, North Carolina. The
site consists of a convenience store which stores petroleum products in underground storage tanks
(USTs) and aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) for retail sale. Formerly the kerosene and diesel
fuel were stored in USTs. The kerosene and diesel fuel USTs were removed following the
discovery of a release in 2014. Three active USTs are present at the site and used to store gasoline.
The site is located in a commercial and residential area of rural Caswell County. The surrounding
properties are served by water-supply wells within 1,500 feet of the source area. Progress
previously completed an Initial Abatement Action Report, dated July 24, 2014 and a Phase II
Limited Site Assessment, report dated November 26, 2014. The NCDENR issued a Notice of
Regulatory Requirements (NORR), dated December 4, 2014 requiring that a Comprehensive Site
Assessment (CSA) be completed. Following discussions with the NCDENR, it was determined
that prior to completing a CSA, free product recovery activities were to be performed and the
nearby water-supply wells sampled. This Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling
Report summarizes the remediation and water-supply well sampling activities recently completed
by Progress. A description of the former UST systems is listed in Table B-1 below. Figure 2
depicts the site and the location of the monitoring wells.

Table B-1
Site History, UST/AST System Information

Tank No. Installation
Date
Capacity
(gallons)
Construction
Materials
Dimensions
(inches)
Removal
Date Contents Previous
Contents
1 4/30/1989 6,000 Steel 63” x 216” Present Gasoline Gasoline
2 4/30/1989 8,000 Steel 63” x 216” Present Gasoline Gasoline
3 4/30/1989 4,000 Steel 63” x 216” Present Gasoline Gasoline
4 4/30/1989 2,000 Steel (STP-3) 64” x 12’ 6/16/14 Diesel Diesel
5 4/30/1989 1,000 Steel (STP-3) 64” x 6’ 6/16/14 Kerosene Kerosene
6 2014 (AST) 500 Kerosene Kerosene
7 2014 (AST) 1,500 Steel 64” x 12’ Present Diesel Diesel

Table B-2
Site History, UST Owner/Operator Information

Owner’s Name Address Phone Number Dates of Ownership
Eden Oil Company, Inc. P.O. Box 1375
Reidsville, NC 27323 [phone] 1989-Present

C HISTORIC FREE PRODUCT GAUGING

Approximately 0.69 feet of free product was detected in monitoring well MW-1 during the LSA
sampling event on November 11, 2014.

On March 9, 2015, Progress gauged free product in monitoring well MW-1 prior to a Mobile
Multi-phase Extraction Event (MMPE). Approximately 2.92 feet of free product were detected.

Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling Report
Pagetown Exxon
Reidsville, North Carolina
Progress Project No. 1015059.001

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On April 13, 2015 Progress returned to the site to sample the surrounding water-supply wells and
gauge groundwater/free product levels in monitoring well MW-1, as appropriate. Approximately
1.71 feet of free product were detected in monitoring well MW-1.

D MOBILE MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION (MMPE) ACTIVITIES

Progress completed a free product recovery event using MMPE on March 9 to March 13, 2015 and
free product and groundwater were extracted from monitoring well MW-1. The event extracted
approximately 1,883 gallons of impacted groundwater and 96.060 pounds or 15.36 gallons of
product as vapor. A copy of the Material Manifest is included in the Appendix. The MMPE
calculation sheets are included as Tables B-8 and 9.
E GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

On April 13, 2015 Progress returned to the site to sample the existing monitoring well MW-1 and
gauge free product thickness in the monitoring well, as appropriate. Approximately 1.71 feet of
free product was detected in monitoring well MW-1; therefore, a groundwater sample was not
collected. Progress also collected groundwater samples from water-supply wells WSW-5, WSW-
7, WSW-12, WSW-14, WSW-15, WSW-20, and WSW-22 (Figure 3). Water-supply wells WSW-1
and WSW-21 are no longer in use. Water-supply well WSW-6 and submitted to the laboratory;
however, due to a power outage during the analysis of the sample it could not be analyzed and the
sample could not be re-analyzed based on the low remaining sample volume. Information
pertaining to the water-supply wells is included in Table B-5.

Prior to sampling, the water-supply wells were purged by allowing them to run for approximately
10 to 15 minutes. The groundwater samples were decanted into laboratory-supplied bottles and
placed into a cooler packed with ice. The cooler was delivered under chain-of-custody to Research
& Analytical Laboratories (R&A) for testing. R&A analyzed the groundwater samples for volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) by EPA Method 602 plus isopropyl ether (IPE) and methyl tert-butyl
ether (MTBE). Groundwater sample analytical results are included in Table B-4.

Laboratory analysis of the groundwater sample collected from water-supply wells WSW-5, WSW-
7, WSW-12, WSW-15, WSW-20, and WSW-22 did not detect targeted compounds above the
laboratory detection limits. Laboratory analysis of the groundwater sample collected from WSW-
14 detected benzene (21.7 µg/L) and total xylenes (31.6 µg/L). The concentration of benzene
exceeds its North Carolina 2L Groundwater Quality Standards (NC2LGWQS) of 1 µg/L and the
EPA Drinking Water Standard of 5 µg/L.

F REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

According to the Geologic Map of North Carolina, the subject site is located in the Carolina Stale
Belt of North Carolina. The rocks beneath the site have been characterized as metamorphosed
granitic rocks. Groundwater generally is stored in the pore space between individual grains of
residual soil and in the fractures within the underlying parent rock. Due to the intense shearing
associated with the thrust faulting in the area and the relatively shallow depths to bedrock, it can be
expected that the fractures play a major role in the flow of groundwater in the subsurface.

Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling Report
Pagetown Exxon
Reidsville, North Carolina
Progress Project No. 1015059.001

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Recharge to the water table is primarily by precipitation infiltrating the upper soils and percolating
downward, under the influence of gravity, to the groundwater table. Typically, the water table is not
a level surface, but a subdued reflection of the land surface. However, the depth to the water table is
not constant, and depends on many factors, which include the amount of rainfall, the permeability of
the soil, and the amount of groundwater being pumped in the area.

G SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

Based on our review of the topographic map and on-site observation, the site is located on an east-
west trending ridge. Groundwater generally flows in directions sub-parallel to the ground surface
slopes and under the influence of gravity toward points of discharge such as creeks, swamps,
drainage swales, or pumped groundwater wells. Based on topographic inference, groundwater
beneath the site most likely flows to the southeast toward an intermittent tributary of Stony Creek.
(Figure 1).

H DETERMINATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION

The tops of casing of each of the monitoring wells were previously surveyed to an accuracy of
0.01 foot referenced to an arbitrarily assigned benchmark (top of casing of monitoring well MW-
3), which was assigned an elevation of 100 feet above mean sea level. The elevations of the
monitoring wells and the water table are both relative to that benchmark. A groundwater elevation
map depicting the measured depths to the water table as measured in each of the wells was
constructed for the Phase II LSA and is provided as Figure 4. The map depicts the estimated
groundwater flow beneath the site to be generally towards the south-southwest. The relative
groundwater elevations are shown in Table B-7.

I CONCLUSIONS

Based on the completion of the MMPE event and the results of the subsequent groundwater
sampling event, Progress makes the following conclusions:

• Progress completed a free product recovery event using MMPE on March 9 to March 13,
2015 and free product and groundwater were extracted from monitoring well MW-1. The
event extracted approximately 1,883 gallons of impacted groundwater and free product
and 96.060 pounds or 15.36 gallons of product as vapor.

• Approximately 1.71 feet of free product was detected in monitoring well MW-1 on April
13, 2015 subsequent to the MMPE event. The remedial actions performed at the site have
been effective in removing free product beneath the site. The MMPE event decreased the
free product thickness by approximately 1.21 feet.

• Laboratory analysis of the groundwater sample collected from water-supply wells WSW-5,
WSW-7, WSW-12, WSW-15, WSW-20, and WSW-22 did not detect targeted compounds
above the laboratory detection limits. Laboratory analysis of the groundwater sample
collected from WSW-14 detected benzene (21.7 µg/L) and total xylenes (31.6 µg/L). The
concentration of benzene exceeds its NC2LGWQS and its EPA Drinking Water Standard.

Free Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling Report
Pagetown Exxon
Reidsville, North Carolina
Progress Project No. 1015059.001

6
• The source of the petroleum-related compounds in water-supply well WSW-14 is not
known. Multiple potential sources of contamination are present within 500 feet of water-
supply well WSW-14. Water-supply well WSW-14 is located approximately 285 feet to
the east of the subject kerosene release. The groundwater flow direction beneath the
subject site has been calculated to be to the south-southwest. Furthermore, laboratory
analysis of a groundwater sample collected from monitoring well MW-2, located generally
in the direction of WSW-14, did not detect targeted petroleum-related compounds above
the laboratory quantitation limits during the Phase II LSA sampling event.

J RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the remaining amount of free product, Progress recommends the following:

• The current property owner should be notified and a copy of this report should be submitted
to the NCDENR for their review;
• the laboratory results for water-supply well WSW-14 should be evaluated by the State
Toxicologist and the property owner/tenant notified; and,
• continuing active remediation using MMPE to reduce free product beneath the site.

Progress will not complete additional activities at the site until pre-approved by the NCDENR.

FIGURES
Figure 1
Topographic Site Map

Pagetown Exxon
8035 Cherry Grove Road
Reidsville, Caswell County, North Carolina

Project: Pagetown Exxon
Client: Eden Oil Company
Progress Job #: 1015059.001
P.O. Box 5884
Winston-Salem, NC 27113
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.progressenvironmental.com

United States Department of the Interior
USGS 7.5 Minute Series Topographic Map
Contour Interval: 10 feet
Scale: 1”=2000’
Cherry Grove, North Carolina
Date: 1997
Date: May 2015

SITE
Site
REV0DRAWING TITLEDRAWING NUMBERFIGURE 2LEGENDApproximate MonitoringWell LocationDispenser CanopyProduct DispenserSite PlanPagetown Exxon8035 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, North CarolinaDR.: JABMAY 15 CK.:APP'D.:SCALE: SHOWNPROGRESS NO.: 1015059.001www.progressenvironmental.comP.O. Box 5884Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27113(336) 722-9999Progress Environmental, Inc.NEWMW-1MW-4MW-3MW-2MW-4
ProgressENVIRONMENTAL, INC.JSL1015059.001MAY 2015JABAS SHOWNMAY 2015 Figure 3.SKFP.O. Box 5884WINSTON-SALEM, NORTH CAROLINA 27113PHONE [phone] FAX [phone]FIGURE 3WATER-SUPPLY WELL LOCATION MAP8035 CHERRRY GROVE ROADREIDSVILLE, NORTH CAROLINAPROJECTAPPROXIMATE OBSERVED WATER-SUPPLY WELL LOCATION PLEASE NOTE: BASED ON MUNICIPAL WATER NOT BEING PRESENT IN THE VICNITY OF THE SITE,EACH RESIDENCE OR BUSINESS IS CONSIDERED TO UTILIZE A WATER-SUPPLY WELL FOR ITS SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER. THE OWNER INFORMATION IS PROVIDED IN TABLE B-5 AS OBTAINED FROM THE CASWELL COUNTY GIS. 1 23 4 22 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 213 14 15 16 17 18 2021 19 SITE APPROXIMATE OUT-OF-USE WATER-SUPPLY WELL LOCATION
REV0DRAWING TITLEDRAWING NUMBERFIGURE 4LEGENDApproximate Monitoring Well Location and Calculated Groundwater ElevationDispenser CanopyProduct DispenserPotentiometric Surface MapPagetown Exxon8035 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, North CarolinaDR.: JABMAY 15 CK.:APP'D.:SCALE: SHOWNPROGRESS NO.: 1015059.001Please note: MW-1 was not used in the calculation due to the presence of free product.Groundwater Contour and ElevationCalculated Groundwater Flow DirectionContour Interval = 1.00 feetInferred Groundwater Contour Elevationwww.progressenvironmental.comP.O. Box 5884Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27113(336) 722-9999Progress Environmental, Inc.NEWMW-1MW-4MW-3MW-2MW-478.2477.4675.95FP75.9576.0076.0077.0078.00

TABLES
625BNA+10 TICsWell IDDate Collected (m/dd/yy)Depth to Water (Ft. Below TOC)11/11/2014 FP (0.69') FP FP FP FP FP FP FP FP FP4/13/2015 FP (1.71') FP FP FP FP FP FP FP FP FPMW-2 11/12/2014 21.61 BQL BQL BQL BQLSee DataBQL BQL111BQLMW-3 11/12/2014 22.54 BQL BQL BQL BQLSee DataBQL BQL BQL BQLMW-4 11/12/2014 23.15 BQL1.94 2.15 12.3 See DataBQL402 109BQLWSW-5 4/13/2015 -- BQL BQL BQL BQL NA NA NA NA NAWSW-6 4/13/2015 -- NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NAWSW-7 4/13/2015 -- BQL BQL BQL BQL NA NA NA NA NAWSW-12 4/13/2015 -- BQL BQL BQL BQL NA NA NA NA NAWSW-14 4/13/2015 --21.7BQL BQL31.6NA NA NA NA NAWSW-15 4/13/2015 -- BQL BQL BQL BQL NA NA NA NA NAWSW-20 4/13/2015 -- BQL BQL BQL BQL NA NA NA NA NAWSW-22 4/13/2015 -- BQL BQL BQL BQL NA NA NA NA NA1 600 600 500 N/A 400 700 200 10,0005,000 84,500 260,000 85,500 N/A NS NS NS NS5 700 1,000 10,000 N/A NS NS NS NS= Detected Concentration Exceeds the North Carolina 2L Groundwater Quality Standards (NC2LGWQS) or the EPA Drinking Water StandardBQL = Below Quantitation LimitsResults are reported in µg/lµg/L = micrograms per literGCL = gross contamination levelTOC = top of casingNS = No StandardN/A = Not ApplicableEPH and VPH = Extractable and Volatile Petroleum HydrocarbonsFP = Free ProductNA = Not AnalyzedTable B-4Summary of Groundwater Analytical Results Pagetown ExxonEPH & VPHFree Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling ReportAnalytical MethodTotal XylenesMW-1C9-C22 AromaticsC19-C36 AliphaticsTICs Detected602BenzeneEPA Drinking Water Standard (µg/l)C9-C18 AliphaticsC5-C8 AliphaticsGCL (µg/l)Contaminant of ConcernNC2LGWQS Standard (µg/l)EthylbenzeneToluene
MAP ID OWNER NAME SITE ADDRESS MAILING ADDRESS WELL USEAPPROXIMATE DISTANCE OF WELL FROM SOURCE AREA (FT.)8173 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273208225 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273208173 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273208173 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273208173 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273208173 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 27320408 Maverick Trail DriveKing, NC 270213115 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 272443115 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 27244191 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 2724459 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 2724459 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 2724453 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 2724459 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 2724459 Pagetown RoadElon, NC 27244955 Squaw Valley TrailBurlington, NC 272177951 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273207821 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273207801 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273207925 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273207925 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 273208062 Cherry Grove RoadReidsville, NC 27320Table B-5Observed Water-Supply Well InformationFree Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling Report Pagetown Exxon1302 Melvin Butler 8225 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 8501 Inez Saunders Wrenn 8035 Cherry Grove RoadOut-of-Use6404 Inez Saunders Wrenn 8173 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 5803 Inez Saunders Wrenn 8173 Cherry Grove RoadPotable1326 Inez Saunders Wrenn 8101 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 1505 Inez Saunders Wrenn 8101 Cherry Grove RoadPotable3528 Stephen Jones, Jr. 120 Pagetown RoadPotable 5407 James Wrenn 78 Pagetown RoadPotable58810 Jessica Fleeger 191 Pagetown RoadPotable 9109 Stephen Jones, Jr. 120 Pagetown RoadPotable68012 Garland Walker 59 Pagetown RoadPotable 38011 Garland Walker 127 Pagetown RoadPotable76514 Garland Walker 7993 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 28513 John Gibson 59 Pagetown RoadPotable34516 Claude Sexton, Jr. 7969 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 46015 Garland Walker 7993 Cherry Grove RoadPotable57518 Donna Paschal 7821 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 1,11017 Hassell Terrell 7951 Cherry Grove RoadPotable1,27420 James Cheek 7925 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 39019 Deborah Daye 7801 Cherry Grove RoadPotable32222 William H. Saunders, Heirs 8062 Cherry Grove RoadPotable 15021 James Cheek 7998 Cherry Grove RoadOut-of-Use
MW-1 10/22/2014 2 35 20-35 Product FP NMMW-2 11/11/2014 2 30 15-30 21.61 99.85 78.24MW-3 11/11/2014 2 30 15-30 22.54 100.00 77.46MW-4 11/11/2014 2 30 15-30 23.15 99.10 75.95** - The top-of-casing elevation of each functioning well relative to a benchmark was established with an assumed elevation of 100 feet. Groundwater Elevation (feet)Monitoring Well IDWell Diameter (inches)Depth to Water (feet TOC) 11/12/14Relative Elevation (feet TOC)Depth (feet)Screen Interval (feet)Installation DateTable B-7Well Construction InformationFree Product Recovery and Water-Supply Well Sampling ReportPagetown Exxon
DateExtraction PointsElapsed Time (Hours)Vacuum(inches of Hg)Measured FlowVelocity(ft/min)Pipe ID(in)Temp(deg F)Temp (deg C)Rel. Humid(%)Water Vapor(Wt %)Water Vapor (Vol %)Qstd(flow)3/9/2015Start19.0 34.0 1691.879 2 96.3 35.7 86.7 0.03373 0.0513 33.23/10/20152419.5 34.0 1691.879 2 96.8 36.0 86.0 0.03409 0.0518 33.23/11/20154819.0 34.0 1691.879 2 97.0 36.1 91.2 0.03638 0.0551 33.03/12/20157219.5 37.0 1841.162 2 84.9 29.4 91.6 0.02406 0.0371 37.53/13/20159619.037.01841.162298.436.962.50.026200.040336.4CalculationsQstdBwsBwswPerry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook)VATs = stack temperature in degrees Rankin (Ro), Ro = Fo + 460 (use average value)= (60 sec/min) (1-Bws) (V) (A) (528 Ro / Ts)= (Bwsw/18 lb-mole H2O) / [(1/28.84 lb-mole dry air) + (Bwsw/18 lb-mole H2O)]= lb. of water per lb. of dry air (use high temperature psychrometric chart for air-water vapor mixtures in = velocity in ft/sec (obtain with hot wire anenometer or pitot tube (use average value)Coss-sectional area of discharge stack in square feet at sampling locationPAGETOWN EXXONMW-1TABLE B-8MMPE RESULTS
Elapsed Time(min)Flow(DSCFM)PPM Measured(ppm)K(#C-gas)PPMgCc:m(mg/dsm^3)Cc(lb/dscf)PMRc(lb/hr)PMRg (lb/hour)PMR(lb)1 33.2 5,000 4 20,000 10636 0.00066 1.324 1.532 36.7371440 33.2 3,759 4 15,034 7995 0.00050 0.993 1.150 27.5922880 33.0 2,791 4 11,162 5936 0.00037 0.735 0.850 20.4084320 37.5 1,321 4 5,284 2810 0.00018 0.394 0.456 10.9525760 36.4 1,106 4 4,424 2353 0.00015 0.321 0.372 0.3725820TOTAL EMISSIONS IN POUNDS96.060CalculationsPPMw= “wet” concentrationPPMd= “dry” concentrationPPMc = PPMv, volumetric concentration of VOC emissions as carbon, dry basis, at STP Cc:mCc= Cc:m (62.43 x 10-9 lb-m3/mg-ft3), lb/dscf, mass concentration of VOC emissions as carbon, dry basis, at STP PMRc= Cc (Qstd) (60 min/hr), lb/hr, pollutant mass removal rate of VOC’s as carbon PMRg= (PMRc) (Mg/Mcg), lb/hr, pollutant mass removal rate of VOC’s as gasoline K = number of carbons in calibration gas (methane K=1, propane K=3, hexane K=6)Mc = 12.01 mg/mg-mole, molecular wt. of carbon K3 = 24.07 dsm3/106 mg-mole, mass to volume conversion factor at STPCc = lb/dscf, mass concentration of VOC emissions as carbon, dry basis, at STPMg= 103 mg/mg-mole, molecular wt. of gasoline (value may vary depending on contaminant)Mcg = 89 mg/mg-mole, weight of carbon in gasoline moleculeAverage values for molecular weight of gasoline, weight of carbon in gasoline molecule, and the conversion of pounds of gasoline emissions to gallons of liquid gasoline are from Automotive Fuels Reference Book, by K. Owens and T. Coley, Second Edition, 1995, published by the Society of Automotive Engineers. PAGETOWN EXXONNOTE: To convert lbs. of gasoline emissions to gallons of liquid gasoline, divide by 6.25 lbs/gal.= PPMc (Mc/K3) TABLE B-9MMPE RESULTS

APPENDIX

DISPOSAL MANIFEST
SAMPLING SHEET
LABORATORY DATA