1804_DukeMarshall_DALF_WQMP_Revision3_FID1832584_20240318

525 S. Tryon St. Charlotte NC, 28202

www.duke-energy.com Page 1 of 2
March 18, 2024
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality Division of Waste Management Solid Waste Section 2090 U.S. Highway 70 Swannanoa, NC 28778
Attn: Ms. Sarah Moutos (submitted electronically)
Re: Water Quality Monitoring Plan (Rev 3) Dry Ash Landfill Phase I and II Permit No. 1804-INDUS-1983 Marshall Steam Station Catawba County, North Carolina
Dear Ms. Moutos:
The Water Quality Monitoring Plan (WQMP) for the Marshall Dry Ash Landfill Phase I and II (1804-INDUS) located in Catawba County, North Carolina has been updated and is provided for review and approval.
While site closure continues with ash basin excavation in the vicinity of the Dry Ash Landfill (DALF) and construction of the stability features associated with the DALF, this WQMP is intended to provide an interim
plan for continued monitoring and evaluation of groundwater quality downgradient of the landfill during the post closure care period.
This WQMP has been updated with an interim monitoring system and in accordance with the Water Quality Monitoring Plan, Revision B template approved by the Section (letter from Sarah Moutos to Ashley Healy dated
August 29, 2023).
If you have any questions with this submittal, please do not hesitate to contact me at [e-mail] or [phone].
Respectfully submitted,
Ashley Healy, P.G.
Environmental Services Attachments (File Names): Water Quality Monitoring Plan (Rev. 3) - Marshall Steam Station - Dry Ash Landfill (Permit No. 1804-INDUS) cc (via e-mail): Elizabeth Werner, NCDEQ Jordan Russ, NCDEQ Sherri Stanley, NCDEQ Dan Zakary, Duke Energy Scott Saunders, Duke Energy Tyler Hardin, Duke Energy Rachel Capps, Duke Energy Kim Witt, Duke Energy

www.duke-energy.com Page 2 of 2
Ed Sullivan, Duke Energy Bryan Moeller, Duke Energy

Kathryn W. Webb, NC L.G.
Senior Peer Review

Gordon Thomas Colton
NC P.E. 056667
Associate Engineer

Kevin O’Reilly
Associate Scientist

Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Marshall Steam Station
Dry Ash Landfill
(Permit No. 1804-INDUS)
Catawba County, North Carolina
PREPARED FOR:
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC
PREPARED BY:
SynTerra Corporation
148 River Street, Suite 220
Greenville, SC 29601

Revision 3
March 18, 2024
i
Revision History
Initial Issue Duke Energy September 20, 1999 Initial Issue
1 Altamont Environmental, Inc. October 22, 2012 The plan was updated to reflect the installation of additional monitoring wells and the addition of additional monitoring parameters.
2 S&ME February 24, 2020
The plan was revised to reflect the current monitoring frequencies and methodologies;-Appendix III was updated to include recent revisions to Duke Energy field forms.
Table 2 was modified to:
a)reflect current analytical methodsprovided by the Duke EnergyLaboratory; and
b)include additional constituentsrequested by the NCDEQ.
3 SynTerra March 18, 2024 The plan was revised to address updates to the monitoring network as well as updates to the reflect the current format of WQMP.
Revision 3, March 18, 2024 Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS
Water Quality Monitoring Plan

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 18, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan

ii
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction ...........................................................................................................1
1.1 Site Description ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Site Geology and Hydrogeology ................................................................................................... 2
2.0 Monitoring System ................................................................................................2
2.1 Groundwater Monitoring (15A NCAC 13B .0601) ......................................................................... 2
2.1.1 Groundwater – Well Construction and Decommissioning ....................................................... 3
2.2 Surface Water Monitoring (NCAC 15A 13B .0602) ....................................................................... 3
2.3 Underdrain Outlet Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 4
2.4 Leachate Monitoring ..................................................................................................................... 4
3.0 Sampling and Analysis .........................................................................................4
3.1 Groundwater – Sampling and Analysis ......................................................................................... 4
3.2 Surface Water – Sampling and Analysis ....................................................................................... 4
3.3 Underdrain Outlet – Sampling and Analysis ................................................................................. 4
3.4 Leachate – Sampling and Analysis ............................................................................................... 4
3.5 Field Collection Procedures .......................................................................................................... 4
3.6 Analytical Procedures ................................................................................................................... 5
4.0 Reporting ...............................................................................................................5
4.1 Well Abandonment Record Submittal ........................................................................................... 5
4.2 Well Construction Record Submittal ............................................................................................. 5
4.3 Monitoring Well Installation Report ............................................................................................... 5
4.4 Water Quality Monitoring Report ................................................................................................... 5
5.0 References .............................................................................................................6

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 18, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan

iii
Appendices
Appendix I – Drawings
Appendix II – Tables
Appendix III – Boring Logs and Well Construction Records
Appendix IV – Duke Energy Sampling Procedures
Attachment 1: Duke Energy Groundwater and Sampling Collection Procedure
Attachment 2: Duke Energy Landfill Sample Collection Guidelines
Attachment 3: Duke Energy Laboratory Analysis Plan
Appendix V – NCDEQ Well Abandonment and Well Construction Forms (GW-1 and GW-30)
Appendix VI – NCDEQ Environmental Monitoring Report Form

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 18, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
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1.0 Introduction
This document provides the Interim Water Quality Monitoring Plan (WQMP or Plan) for the closed Dry Ash Landfill (landfill) at Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (Duke Energy) Marshall Steam Station (Marshall, Plant, or Site). This Plan is intended to satisfy the requirements of Title 15A, Subchapter 13B .0504(1)(g)(iv) of the North Carolina Administrative Code (NCAC). The purpose of this document is to establish procedures for monitoring groundwater in the uppermost aquifer during the post-closure period.
The WQMP is designed to provide information to the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Solid Waste Section (SWS) and the landfill owner and operations personnel to evaluate potential effects on groundwater.
1.1 Site Description
The 60.7-acre closed Dry Ash Landfill is generally located east and northeast of the ash basin. It is bounded by Lake Norman to the southeast and undeveloped land to the north. A portion of
the landfill (Phase 2) is situated over the ash basin (Appendix I, Drawing 1).
The landfill received a Permit to Operate (Permit No. 1804) on December 30, 1983, and includes the following disposal areas:
• Fly ash disposal (two phases):
o Phase 1 (closed by excavation) – originally 14.5 acres (approximate)
o Phase 2 – approximately 46.2 acres
• Asbestos disposal: approximately 6.9 acres; permitted December 21, 1987
• Construction and demolition (C&D) debris disposal: approximately 2.75 acres; permitted October 17, 1989
The disposal areas were constructed as unlined landfills and were each originally closed with soil covers. The Dry Ash Landfill was closed in 2001 and the Asbestos and C&D landfills were closed in 2009.
Since closure, the Dry Ash Landfill Phase I has been excavated. Excavation was completed in February 2022. The Dry Ash Landfill Phase 2 soil cover has been upgraded to a geosynthetic final cover system in 2024. Additionally, a groundwater remediation system has been
constructed and operating downgradient of the landfills and the ash basin to address concentrations of constituents in groundwater greater than applicable standards at or beyond the ash basin compliance point (Appendix I, Drawing 2).
Post-closure groundwater monitoring has been historically conducted under the Sampling and Analysis Groundwater Plan (SAP; S&ME, 2020); this document supersedes the previous SAP dated February 24, 2020. This WQMP only pertains to the two phases of the fly ash disposal
areas; the asbestos disposal and C&D debris disposal stopped receiving waste prior to June 30, 2008.

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 18, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
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1.2 Site Geology and Hydrogeology
The landfill site is located within the Piedmont physiographic province (Piedmont). Piedmont bedrock primarily consists of igneous and metamorphic bedrock. The fractured bedrock is overlain by a mantle of unconsolidated material known as regolith. The regolith includes (where present) the soil zone, a zone of weathered, decomposed bedrock known as saprolite, and alluvium. Saprolite, the product of chemical and mechanical weathering of the underlying bedrock, is typically composed of clay and coarser granular material up to boulder size and may reflect the texture of the rock from which it was formed. The weathering product of granitic rocks
may be quartz-rich and sandy-textured, whereas rocks poor in quartz and rich in feldspar and other soluble minerals form a more clayey saprolite (S&ME, 2020).
Groundwater at the Site typically occurs in three interconnected flow zones. The shallowest
groundwater flow zone – the surficial flow zone – occurs in the residual soil and/or the upper section of saprolite. Beneath the surficial flow zone, the transition zone flow zone occurs in the lower portions of the saprolite and partially weathered bedrock and is the most permeable part
of the Site hydrogeologic system. Bedrock underlies the transition zone and comprises the least permeable flow zone of the Site hydrogeologic system, where groundwater flow occurs predominantly along fractures, joints, and faults. Groundwater is usually first encountered in the
surficial flow zone.
Groundwater generally flows from the north side of the site through the ash basin towards Lake
Norman; in the vicinity of Phase II, groundwater flows toward Phase I. However, south of Phase
II and in the vicinity of Phase I, groundwater flows east southeast towards the finger of Lake
Norman (Appendix I, Drawing 3); Due to this flow pattern, groundwater has historically and
currently comingles with ash basin pore water.
2.0 Monitoring System
The monitoring system is designed to evaluate groundwater quality downgradient of the landfills during the post closure care period. Sample locations and descriptions are presented in Appendix II, Table 1.
2.1 Groundwater Monitoring (15A NCAC 13B .0601)
The groundwater monitoring network is designed to yield groundwater samples representative of aquifer conditions underlying the landfill area to monitor groundwater quality in the uppermost
aquifer. The groundwater monitoring network consists of a water quality well upgradient of the landfill to determine background concentrations and water quality wells downgradient of the landfill to monitor performance of the landfill removal (Phase 1) and the landfill final cover system (Phase 2), as well as assist with refinement of groundwater flow. The groundwater monitoring network is shown on Appendix I, Drawing 2.
The groundwater flow direction and the water quality wells in the upper most aquifer are depicted on Appendix I, Drawing 3; this figure shows groundwater elevations collected in November, 2023.

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 18, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
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Upgradient (background) water quality well is screened in the following zone:
Shallow flow zone
• MW-4 Downgradient water quality wells are screened in the following flow zones:
Shallow flow zone
• AB-9S
• AL-1S
• CCR-9S
Transition flow zone
• GWA-11D

Monitoring well construction details are included in Appendix II, Table 2. Boring logs and well construction records are provided in Appendix III.
2.1.1 Groundwater – Well Construction and Decommissioning
Monitoring wells are constructed in accordance with 15A NCAC 02C .0108 and guidance provided by NCDEQ (NCDEQ, 2023). A typical monitoring well construction detail is provided on Appendix I, Drawing 4.
Constructed monitoring wells are located by a North Carolina Professional Land Surveyor to within +0.1 feet on the horizontal plane and +0.01 feet vertically in reference to existing survey
points. Monitoring wells are developed in accordance with 15A NCAC 02C .0108(q).
Dedicated stainless steel bladder pumps are installed to help reduce agitation during sampling, resulting in lower sample turbidity and minimizing the risk of cross-contamination from well to
well. Pump intakes are generally set within the center of each well screen.
If a monitoring well no longer provides a sample representative of the quality of groundwater passing the relevant point of compliance, the SWS will be notified. The Owner or Owner’s
Representative will re-evaluate the groundwater monitoring network, and provide recommendations to the SWS for modifying, rehabilitating, decommissioning, or installing replacement or additional monitoring wells, as appropriate.
2.2 Surface Water Monitoring (NCAC 15A 13B .0602)
Surface water monitoring is currently not required for the landfill.
Where applicable, landfill area stormwater is directed via channels around the perimeter of the
landfill to a NPDES permitted wastewater unit or NPDES permitted outfall.
This Plan will be reviewed if the path of stormwater leaving the landfill area will be altered or
permit status for receiving NPDES wastewater unit(s) will change. The Division will be consulted
to determine if surface water monitoring requirements should be revised for monitoring of
stormwater leaving the landfill area.

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 15, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
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2.3 Underdrain Outlet Monitoring
Underdrain outlet monitoring is currently not required for the landfill.
This plan will be reviewed if an underdrain is installed in the future to determine if monitoring is
required for water from the underdrain outlet.
2.4 Leachate Monitoring
Leachate monitoring is currently not required for the landfill. The landfill does not have a flexible membrane bottom liner and therefore does not have a leachate collection system.
3.0 Sampling and Analysis
Groundwater will be sampled and analyzed on a semiannual basis during the life of the facility and the post-closure care period.
3.1 Groundwater – Sampling and Analysis
Groundwater samples are collected in accordance with 15A NCAC 13B .0601 and guidance provided by NCDEQ (NCDEQ, 2023). Field collection procedures, labeling, chain-of-custody
(COC) documentation, and laboratory receipt are included in the Duke Energy Groundwater and
Sampling Collection Procedure 3175.6 (Appendix IV, Attachment 1). Constituents for analysis and respective analytical methods are listed in Appendix II, Table 3. Groundwater samples will
be compared to appropriate North Carolina Regulatory Standards (02L standard). In addition, required field parameters, including but not limited to, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), temperature, and turbidity will be measured during each
sampling event.
3.2 Surface Water – Sampling and Analysis
Surface water monitoring is currently not required for the landfill (see Section 2.2). This Plan
will be revised to include applicable language in this section if surface water monitoring
becomes required in Section 2.2.
3.3 Underdrain Outlet – Sampling and Analysis
Underdrain outlet monitoring is currently not required for the landfill (see Section 2.3). This Plan
will be revised to include applicable language in this section if underdrain outlet monitoring
becomes required in Section 2.3.
3.4 Leachate – Sampling and Analysis
Leachate monitoring is currently not required for the landfill (see Section 2.4). This Plan will be
revised to include applicable language in this section if leachate monitoring becomes required in
Section 2.4.
3.5 Field Collection Procedures
Duke Energy Groundwater Sampling Collection Procedure 3175.6 is provided as Appendix IV,
Attachment 1 and shall be followed when collecting groundwater samples on-Site.

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 15, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
5
3.6 Analytical Procedures
Duke Energy Laboratory Analysis Plan, including quality assurance and quality control, is
provided as Appendix IV, Attachment 3 of and shall be followed for analysis of water quality
samples.
4.0 Reporting
4.1 Well Abandonment Record Submittal
A certified record of well abandonment (form GW-30) will be submitted to the NCDEQ Division of Water Resources within 30 days after well abandonment in accordance with 15A NCAC 02C .0114. A copy of the NCDEQ GW-30 Well Abandonment Record form has been included in Appendix V.
4.2 Well Construction Record Submittal
A certified record of well construction (form GW-1) will be submitted to the NCDEQ Division of
Water Resources within 30 days after well completion in accordance with 15A NCAC 02C .0114. A copy of the NCDEQ GW-1 Well Construction Record form has been included in Appendix V.
4.3 Monitoring Well Installation Report
Should monitoring wells need to be installed in the future for the landfill a Groundwater
Monitoring Well Installation Report will be prepared after completion of well installation-related
field activities and include information regarding the newly installed wells such as:
• Description of field activities
• Table summarizing monitoring well construction details
• Boring and well logs
• Well development notes
• Slug test data
• Soil laboratory data (if collected)
• Effective porosity estimates
4.4 Water Quality Monitoring Report
A semiannual report of monitoring results will be submitted to the SWS within 120 days after the date of sampling. The report will include, at a minimum:
• Completed NCDEQ Environmental Monitoring Report Form (Appendix VI)
• Figure that includes relevant facility features and monitoring locations sampled as a part
of this Plan
• Groundwater flow map with arrows indicating flow direction prepared from the current
monitoring event

Dry Ash Landfill 1804-INDUS Revision 3, March 15, 2024
Water Quality Monitoring Plan
6
• Sampling and analysis data including:
o Monitoring data sheets
o Field calibration forms
o COC records
o Laboratory quality assurance (QA) data
o Data validation checklists
• Table of groundwater detections and exceedances for each monitoring location, which will provide:
o Analytical results reported in relevant screening value units, except for field
parameters
o Laboratory method detection limits
o Appropriate North Carolina regulatory standards (02L standards)
o Appropriate U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulatory standards
o Exceedances shown in bold
o Field parameters
• Groundwater monitoring well construction table
• Table with calculated groundwater elevation and groundwater flow rates
• An Electronic Data Deliverable (EDD) spreadsheet in the required Division format for analysis data
The SWS will be notified if vendor lab analyses have not been completed within 120 days of the
sampling event. Groundwater monitoring data sheets, field calibration forms, COC records, laboratory QA data, and data validation checklists shall be kept on file by Duke Energy and are available upon request.
5.0 References
The references cited below were used in the preparation of this interim WQMP and may or may not be
referenced within the text.
NCDEQ. (2020). Environmental Data Submissions. North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality. 2020 Retrieved May 16, 2023, from
https://edocs.deq.nc.gov/WasteManagement/DocView.aspx?id=1419626&dbid=0&repo=WasteManagement&searchid=ec6f4b82-3cb5-43e5-a214-ea22139492f4&cr=1
NCDEQ. (2023). Environmental Monitoring – Field Measurement and Sampling Procedures. North
Carolina Department of Environmental Quality. Retrieved May 16, 2023, from https://www.deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/solid-waste-section/compliance-and-monitoring/environmental-monitoring
S&ME. (Rev 1, 2020). Sample and Analysis Groundwater Plan, Marshall Steam Station – Dry Ash
Landfill, 2020.

Appendices

Appendix I – Drawings
GROUND SURFACE
LOCKABLE
CAP
VENTED CAP
6" MIN.
(TYPICAL)
BORING
(6" DIA. TYPICAL)
BENTONITE SEAL
2'
-
0
"
SC
R
E
E
N

L
E
N
G
T
H
VA
R
I
E
S
6"

T
O

1
2
"
NOTES:
1.ALL WELL CASING MATERIAL SHALL BE SCH 40 PVC (POLYVINYL CHLORIDE).
2.WELL SCREEN MATERIAL SHALL BE SCH 40 PVC (POLYVINYL CHLORIDE).
CAP
SAND
2" DIA. PVC
WELL SCREEN
3'
-
0
"
GROUT
6"

M
I
N
.
CONCRETE MIX:
SAKRETE OR EQUIVALENT
FORMED 2'X2' SQUARE
PROTECTIVE
STEEL CASING
2" DIA. PVC
WELL CASING
DRAWING 4
TYPICAL TYPE II MONITORING WELL DETAIL
DRY ASH LANDFILL
REVISION 3
WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN
MARSHALL STEAM STATION
TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA
DRAWN BY: C. NEWELL
REVISED BY:
APPROVED BY: T. COLTON
PROJECT MANAGER: T. COLTON
DATE: 1/5/2024
DATE:
DATE: 1/5/2024CHECKED BY: C. McCLUSKEY
DATE: 1/5/2024
DUKE
ENERGY
CAROLINA
www.synterracorp.com
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LAYOUT: WATER QUALITY FIGURE

Appendix II – Tables

TABLE 1
GROUNDWATER SAMPLE LOCATIONS
DRY ASH LANDFILL
WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN
MARSHALL STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINA, LLC, TERRELL, NC
Sample ID Media Description
MW-4 Upgradient background monitoring well located north of the Phase II. Screened in the shallow flow zone.
AB-9S Downgradient monitoring well located south of the Phase II and west of the excavated Phase I. Screened in the shallow
flow zone.
AL-1S Downgradient monitoring well located on the east side of the Phase I. Screened in the shallow flow zone.
GWA-11D Downgradient monitoring well located on the east side of the Phase I. Screened in the transition flow zone.
CCR-9S Downgradient monitoring well located on southeast side of the Phase I. Screened in the shallow flow zone.
Groundwater
Page 1 of 1
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF WELL CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION
DRY ASH LANDFILL
WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN
MARSHALL STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS LLC, TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA
from to from to
MW-4 08/29/1989 2"N/A 686723.00 1414467.00 864.50 867.15 50 814.50 50 814.30 40 50 813.55 823.55 Saprolite 36.30 38.95 828.20
AB-9S 04/27/2015 2"N/A 683044.02 1415261.07 795.38 797.78 13 782.38 15 780.38 3 10 792.38 785.38 Saprolite 12.39 14.79 782.99
AL-1S 04/02/2015 2"N/A 683157.68 1417002.90 814.93 817.97 47 767.93 50 764.93 31 46 783.93 768.93 Saprolite 47.09 50.13 767.84
GWA-11D 03/09/2016 2"103 682800.44 1417422.52 808.24 811.24 126 682.24 126 682.24 113 118 698.44 693.44 Transition Zone 73.25 76.25 734.99
CCR-9S 04/29/2016 2"N/A 681882.90 1417903.10 796.91 799.88 43 753.91 45 751.91 27 42 769.91 754.91 Saprolite 36.43 39.40 760.48
Notes:
1. Horizontal datum are referenced to North Carolina State Plane NAD 83 (2011).
2. All elevations are referenced to NAVD 88 (feet); depths are referenced to ground surface.
3. BGS - below ground surface
4. TOC - top of casing
5. NA - not applicable
6. Groundwater elevations are based on water levels collected on November 13, 2023.
Well ID Date
Installed Depth
(feet BGS)
Elevation
Measuring
Point
TOC
Outer Casing
Diameter
(inches)
Northing Easting
NC State Plane NAD83 (feet)
Ground
Surface
Outer Casing
Depth
(feet BGS)
feet NAVD 88
Total Depth Drilled Groundwater Levels
Depth
to Water
(feet BGS)
Depth
to Water
(feet BTOC)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet NAVD 88)
Total Well Depth
Depth
(feet BGS)
Elevation Depth
(feet BGS)
Elevation
(feet NAVD 88)
Screened Interval
Lithology of
Screened
Interval
Page 1 of 1
Constituent Units Analytical Methods
15A NCAC 02L
Standards for
Groundwater
Field pH
Field Specific Conductance µΩ/cm Multi-Parameter Water Quality Meter NE
Field Temperature
Field Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Multi-Parameter Water Quality Meter NE
Field Oxidation Reduction Potential mV
Field Turbidity NTU Turbidimeter NE
Water Level feet Water Level Meter NE
Antimony µg/L 1
Arsenic µg/L 10
Barium µg/L 700
Beryllium µg/L 4
Boron µg/L 700
Cadmium µg/L 2
Calcium mg/L NE
Chloride mg/L 250
Chromium µg/L 10
Cobalt µg/L 1
Copper µg/L 1,000
Fluoride mg/L 2
Iron µg/L 300
Lead µg/L 15
Lithium µg/L NE
Magnesium mg/L NE
Manganese µg/L 50
Mercury µg/L 1
Molybdenum µg/L NE
Nickel µg/L 100
Nitrate mg/L 10
Selenium µg/L 20
Silver µg/L EPA 200.8 or SW 6020A 20
Sulfate mg/L 250
Thallium µg/L 2
Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 500
Vanadium µg/L 7
Zinc µg/L 1,000
Prepared by: CSM Checked by: GTC
Notes:
1) Constituents analyzed in the WQMP were approved by NCDEQ on March 20, 2023.
2) 15A NCAC 02L Standards for Groundwater - North Carolina Class GA Standards found in 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Quality Standards (effective April 1, 2022).
3) Total recoverable metal analysis applicable to samples collected from groundwater as it pertains to water quality standards defined in 15A NCAC 02L.
Acronym List:
EPA - Environmental Protection Agency NCDEQ - North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
µg/L - micrograms per liter NE - not established
µΩ/cm - micro-ohms per centimeter NTU - nephelometric turbidity units
mg/L - milligrams per liter S.U. - standard units
mV - millivolts SW - Solid Waste
TABLE 3
SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER CONSTITUENTS AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
DRY ASH LANDFILL
WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN
MARSHALL STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA
In Situ Parameters
Laboratory Analyses
Page 1 of 1

Appendix III – Boring Logs and Well Construction Records

Appendix IV – Duke Energy Sampling Procedures

Attachment 1: Duke Energy Groundwater and
Sampling Collection Procedure
AUTHORIZED COPY
ADMP-ENV-EVS-00100 Rev. 006 (05/2020) Page 1 of 31
Duke Energy Proprietary Business Information – Not for external distribution
Document title:
Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection
Document number:
ADMP-ENV-EVS-00100
Revision No.:
006
Keywords:
Procedure 3175.6
Applies to:
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC
Duke Energy Progress, LLC
DUKE ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Author: Dee O’Brien Functional Area: Groundwater Science
TRAINING AND DEMONSTRATION OF CAPABILITY
Initial training required Requalification training
required
Demonstration of capability
required
Read Only Read Only Read and OJT Read and OJT Yes Yes
Read and classroom Read and classroom No No
AUTHORIZED COPY
ADMP-ENV-EVS-00100 Rev. 006 (05/2020) Page 2 of 31
Duke Energy Proprietary Business Information – Not for external distribution
Document Revision History

Equipment Purge as a Groundwater Sampling method.
Section 8.0 – Updated References
Appendix F – Updated QA/QC Sample Protocol

AUTHORIZED COPY
ADMP-ENV-EVS-00100 Rev. 006 (05/2020) Page 3 of 31
Duke Energy Proprietary Business Information – Not for external distribution
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Purpose ...............................................................................................3
2.0 Preparing for the Field .......................................................................3
3.0 Instrument Calibration .......................................................................5
4.0 Well Development .............................................................................5
5.0 Dedicated Equipment Installation ......................................................6
6.0 Water Level Measurements ...............................................................6
7.0 Groundwater Sample Collection ........................................................7
8.0 References ..........................................................................................18
9.0 Appendices .........................................................................................19

AUTHORIZED COPY
ADMP-ENV-EVS-00100 Rev. 006 (05/2020) Page 4 of 31
Duke Energy Proprietary Business Information – Not for external distribution
PROCEDURE FOR GROUNDWATER MONITORING AND
SAMPLING COLLECTION
1. Purpose
1.1 The purpose of this procedure is to provide field methods used by Duke Energy staff and
contractors during the collection of groundwater measurements and samples. As such, this
procedure discusses multiple sampling approaches specific to various groundwater conditions
and programs. The objectives of this procedure are to ensure consistent collection of valid and
representative samples that provide reproducible and reliable groundwater data to meet
project/program requirements. This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) includes proper well
purging and sampling techniques designed to reduce the potential of cross-contamination during
sample collection and handling. Also included are procedures for field data documentation,
chain of custody records, and coordination with both site personnel and the Analytical
Laboratory Components of this procedure may be incorporated into a site-specific Sampling and
Analyses Plan (SAP) for each program. In addition to SAP's, site specific Groundwater
Program Requirements (GPR) were developed and are maintained on a secure Corporate LAN
share. Compliance to these program requirements are mandatory for field personnel and
compiled on a form similar to Appendix A. Any changes made to sampling requirements are
updated as necessary on these forms to ensure proper analytical methods are used, that required
samples are collected, and preferred sampling methods and stabilization criteria for each
program are met.
2. Preparing for The Field
2.1 Proper planning, preparation, and coordination are necessary for a successful project execution.
This includes a clear understanding of sampling event objectives and developing a
corresponding scope of work to meet those objectives. The sampling equipment checklist
(Appendix A) was developed to aid in field organization and should be used prior to each
sampling event. Depending on the site-specific project/program, additional equipment/supplies
may be necessary and should be determined before the scheduled sampling event.
2.1.1 Laboratory coordination is vital to project execution. The previously prepared Chain of
Custody (COC) is reviewed by the Site Lead and forwarded to the lab for review and
editing (30 days prior to the event). Based on the COC, bottle kits (including spare kits)
are prepared and supplied by the lab the week before the scheduled field event.
2.1.2 Coordination with site contacts should be conducted at least 30 days prior to the field
event. It is important that the site is aware of the type of work to be conducted, the
schedule, and personnel to be involved. Site specific orientation training is required
annually of all Duke personnel prior to initiating work at Duke facilities and this should
be pre-arranged with the appropriate safety personnel. Maintain daily communication
with site contacts and advise them of progress. Promptly advise site contacts of any
project related incidents/accidents and any issues with site access.
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2.1.3 Proper care should be exercised in the scheduling of personnel and the allocation of
equipment, and materials so that the planned field event can be executed safely and
efficiently. Equipment and instrumentation should be inspected, cleaned, and calibrated
daily with nitrile gloves (start and end of day). An example calibration and post check
log is included in Appendix C.
2.1.4 Safety is always important in planning and executing a sampling event. A Pre-Job Brief
(PJB) and Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) should be prepared and reviewed with the field
team at the site and prior to performing any field activities. A JHA has been developed
for groundwater sampling and is included as Appendix B. This JHA should be reviewed
prior to each event and discussed as appropriate for site-specific conditions. Additional
safety tools such as conducting a “360 Inspection” on all moving equipment prior to use
and “Take a Minute” to review site conditions prior to starting work should be routinely
utilized.
3. Instrument Calibration
3.1 It is important that all field instrumentation is calibrated in accordance to manufacturer
specifications. The water quality meter (pH, specific conductivity, and ORP) and the turbidity
meter should be calibrated in the field at the beginning and at the end of the day. A Daily
Calibration Log is included as Appendix C.
4. Well Development
4.1 The drilling and installation of monitoring wells disturbs geologic materials surrounding the
borehole. Well development is necessary to promote hydraulic communication between the
well screen and the surrounding aquifer. Proper development also ensures the removal of fine-
grained soil particles from around the screen reducing turbidity and the potential for bias in
groundwater sample results. Well development should be conducted promptly after well
installation but no sooner than 24 hours after grouting. Common methods of well development
include over pumping, surging, bailing, and jetting. Redevelopment of wells is conducted when
the desired water quality is not achieved, typically but not exclusively, with regard to turbidity.
Redevelopment methods are similar to development techniques and can be conducted for
several episodes until the desired water quality parameters are achieved. The following steps
outline the procedure that will be used to develop or redevelop a monitoring well using the over
pumping method. This method involves pumping at a rate fast enough to draw the water level
as low as possible while also allowing the water level to recharge back to the initial level. This
method is repeated until desired water quality is achieved.
4.1.1 Measure the static water level with a decontaminated water level meter and record in the
field workbook/GMDS
4.1.2 If the well is equipped with a dedicated bladder pump, carefully pull tubing and pump up
(with gloves) and set aside on a clean plastic sheet.
4.1.3 Examine the pump for any damages to seals or drainage areas.
4.1.4 Carefully place a clean submersible pump down the well with attached tubing. The pump
should be placed approximately one foot from the bottom of the well.
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4.1.5 Secure tubing to well casing and attach water discharge line to appropriate water quality
instrument.
4.1.6 Connect the pump to a power source and begin to purge well at a moderately high flow
rate.
4.1.7 Frequently check the water level and flow rate to verify that the drawdown is stabilizing.
Wells with poor recharge will sometimes not be able achieve a maintained drawdown and
will go dry. If this happens, development will stop and continue once the well has
recharged.
4.1.8 Once an acceptable flow rate has been established and drawdown has stabilized, it is
acceptable to begin recording indicator field parameters at specific intervals (usually
every 3 to 5 minutes).
4.1.9 Continue purging the well until desired water quality parameters are achieved.
5. Dedicated Equipment Installation
5.1 Dedicated sampling equipment is installed in monitoring wells to improve sampling efficiency
and sampling results. Dedicated sampling equipment previously installed in the well eliminates
the need to introduce pumps/tubing into the well disturbing the existing well water prolonging
well stabilization prior to sample collection. Thus, existing dedicated equipment reduces
sampling time. Dedicated well equipment also eliminates the need to decontaminate any
equipment used in multiple wells reducing the potential for cross-contamination and improving
monitoring results.
5.2 Dedicated well sampling equipment includes well caps, tubing, and bladder pumps. Care must
be taken during installation to properly measure and cut the tubing such that the end of the
tubing (peristaltic pumps) or the bladder pumps are positioned strategically at the mid-point of
the wetted screen. If the equipment is positioned too deep it could disturb sediment collected in
the bottom of the well increasing turbidity and if positioned too shallow could be above static
water levels during periods of depressed groundwater levels.
6. Water Level Measurements
6.1 Water level measurements will be completed prior to pump placement, groundwater sampling,
or aquifer characterization activities. Some groundwater sampling events/programs require a
comprehensive water level sweep of all monitoring wells within a 24-hour period. In these
instances, a round of synoptic depth to water measurements will be collected prior to
groundwater sampling. These contemporaneous water levels are used in the construction of
potentiometric surface maps for the site. The following steps outline the procedures that will be
used to collect water level measurements.
6.1.1 Describe the condition of the well (lock, pad, protective casing, general access), ambient
weather conditions and other factors that could affect the final data analysis. This
documentation is recorded on the Groundwater Monitoring Data Sheet (GMDS)
(Appendix D).
6.1.2 An electronic water-level indicator accurate to 0.01 feet should be used to measure depth
to groundwater within the monitoring well.
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6.1.3 The electronic water-level indicator and tape will be decontaminated prior to initiating
water level measurements and between all wells. Decontamination procedures are
described in Appendix E.
6.1.4 The protective casing or flush-mounted vault cover will be unlocked/removed and the
inner cap on the riser removed. Caution should be exercised while accessing these areas
which often are occupied by insects (wasps/spiders). Standing water present within the
protective casing/well vault above the riser should be documented and removed prior to
removing the well cap. After riser cap removal, the well should be left open for up to 30
minutes to allow the static water level to equilibrate with atmospheric conditions before
measuring (if vented caps are not used).
6.1.5 The probe should be checked to verify that it is operational, then slowly lowered into the
well. A new pair of nitrile gloves should be worn before each water level measurement is
taken.
6.1.6 Fluid level measurements will be recorded relative to a fixed reference point using an
electric tape graduated in 0.01-foot intervals. The fixed reference point on the riser will
consist of a V-notch or an indelible mark at the top of the riser, or if neither is present,
measure to lowest side of the riser and create a reference point for future measurements.
6.1.7 Using the electronic water-level indicator, measure the distance between the reference
point and the water surface within the well. The measurements will be repeated until two
measurements are obtained that are within 0.01 feet. Record this information on the
GMDS.
6.1.8 If the total depth of the well has not been previously measured, using the water-level
indicator, measure the distance from the reference point to the bottom of the well. The
measurements will be repeated until two measurements are obtained that are within 0.01
feet. Record this information on the GMDS. If the total depth of the well has been
previously determined, a measurement for total depth is not necessary as disturbing
bottom sediment in the well can contribute to increased turbidity.
6.1.9 The water-level indicator will be removed and decontaminated if moving to another well.
7. Groundwater Sample Collection
7.1 As stated in the Introduction, the objectives of this procedure are to ensure the collection of
valid and representative groundwater samples from monitoring wells that meet project, program,
and permit requirements. These objectives are not limited to sample collection, but also include
procedures for the proper handling, transportation and preservation of collected samples to
prevent deterioration or contamination prior to laboratory analysis. Additionally, there are
several methods for groundwater sampling available. The appropriate method for an individual
location/project is dependent upon the program requirements and site specific hydrogeologic
conditions.

NOTE: New, clean nitrile gloves shall be worn during all phases of well sampling and sample
handling.

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7.2 CHAIN OF CUSTODY
7.2.1 The Chain of Custody (COC) is a legal document that must be complete, accurate, and
show an unbroken trail of accountability that insures the physical security of a sample. A
COC must accompany each shipment of samples. Each individual sample should appear
on a separate line within the COC. The original COC should accompany the sample(s) to
the laboratory and the sampler should keep a copy. Chain of Custody control for all
samples will consist of the following:
7.2.1.1. Sample containers will be securely placed in coolers (iced) and will remain
under the supervision of project personnel until transfer of the samples to the
laboratory for analysis has occurred. Ensure sufficient ice is placed in cooler to
reach and maintain 4⁰C until delivery to the laboratory.
7.2.1.2. Upon delivery to the laboratory, the laboratory director or his designee will sign
the Chain of Custody control forms and formally receive the samples. The
laboratory will ensure that proper refrigeration of the samples is maintained.
7.2.1.3. The Chain of Custody document contains information which may include:
• Client name
• Client project name
• Client contact
• Client address
• Client phone/fax number
• Sampler(s) name and signature
• Signature of person involved in the chain of possession
• Inclusive dates of possession
• Sample identification
• Sample number
• Date & time of collection
• Matrix
• Type of container and preservative
• Number of containers
• Sample type - grab or composite
• Analysis parameter(s)/ method
• Internal temperature of shipping container upon opening in the
laboratory
7.3 SAMPLE HANDLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING
Samples shall be marked, labeled, packaged, and shipped in accordance with the sections
outlined below.
7.3.1 Handling: The samples will be stored in coolers for transport to the site. Collected
samples will be placed on ice in the sampling coolers for pickup or transport to the
laboratory for analysis. Nitrile gloves should always be worn when handling or
collecting samples.
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7.3.2 Sampling Labels: All sample containers will be new, laboratory cleaned and certified
bottles. The bottles will be properly labeled in accordance with Appendix G for
identification and will include the following information:
• Project Site/ID
• Sample identifier (Well ID)
• Name or initials of sampler(s)
• Date and time of collection
• Analysis parameter(s)/method
• Preservative
7.4 GROUNDWATER SAMPLING METHODS
7.4.1 There are several methods of groundwater sampling available dependent upon
groundwater conditions, local and state regulatory requirements, and the goals of the
sampling program. These methods include Low Flow (Low Stress), Equipment Purge,
and Conventional (Multiple Volume) sampling. Based upon site conditions and/or
requirements, the Site Lead/Lead Scientist/SME should select the most appropriate
sampling method.
7.4.2 Prior to sample collection, the monitoring well must be properly purged. Purging is the
process of removing stagnant water from the monitoring well in order to access
groundwater from the surrounding aquifer for the collection of a representative sample.
Indicator parameters of water being withdrawn from the well during the purging process
should be monitored and recorded to confirm the presence of representative groundwater.
Quantities of water should also be measured and recorded in the field workbook or on the
GMDS. When purging or sampling a monitoring well, all equipment and meters
introduced to the well must be clean and nitrile gloves should always be worn. Prior to
purging, all equipment and sampling bottles will be placed on tables covered with new
plastic sheeting or sheeting on the ground in order to prevent contamination.
7.4.2.1. Low Flow Sampling
Low Flow groundwater sampling is the most commonly used and preferred
method at Duke Energy for groundwater sampling. Low Flow is also known as
Low Stress because the intent of this method is to minimize stress on the aquifer
during the purge/sampling process. The goal of Low Flow is to withdraw
representative groundwater from the surrounding aquifer while causing a
minimal disturbance to the stagnant water contained within the well casing,
above the screen, by stabilizing drawdown and creating laminar flow from the
aquifer into the well screen. Low flow purging/sampling requires the use of a
variable speed pump. Typically, adjustable-rate peristaltic, bladder, or electric
submersible pumps are used. Specific pump selection is dependent upon well
construction details, hydrogeologic conditions, and analytes to be tested. Low-
flow purging and sampling guidance is provided below:
• Low Flow Purging
o Measure the static water level and record in the field workbook/GMDS.
If a non-dedicated pump is used, allow time for the water level to
equilibrate after pump installation.
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o Using well specific construction details and current water-level
measurement, the pump intake is typically set to the approximate mid-
point of the saturated well screen or other target sample collection depth.
o If the well is equipped with a dedicated bladder pump, attach the air
supply and discharge tubing to the well head. If a dedicated pump is not
present, attach tubing and supporting rope (if applicable) to the pump
and slowly lower the unit until the target intake depth is reached. When
using a peristaltic pump, lower just the tubing to the desired depth.
Record the depth to the pump intake (or tubing) in the field
workbook/GMDS.
o If the well has been previously sampled using low-flow purging and
sampling methods, begin purging at the rate known to minimize
drawdown. The goal is to induce a flow rate matching the well’s
recharge rate by stabilizing drawdown. Frequently check the flow rate
and water level to verify that drawdown is stabilized and maintained. If
results from the previous sampling event are not available, begin purging
the well at the minimum pumping rate of approximately 100 milliliters
per minute (mL/min). Slowly increase the pumping rate to a level that
does not cause the well to drawdown more than about 0.3 feet, if
possible. Never increase the pumping rate to a level in excess of 500
mL/min (approximately 0.13 gallons per minute [gpm]). Record the
stabilized flow rate, drawdown, and time in the field workbook/GMDS.
o Certain hydrogeologic environments will result in monitoring wells with
very low yielding conditions in which stabilized drawdown is difficult to
attain. Typically, in these low-permeability settings, the geologic unit
being screened is composed of finer grained materials (silt and clays) or
fractured rock with discrete flow channels resulting in very low
hydraulic conductivities. These types of conditions may require
extremely low pumping rates to maintain the static water level within the
well. If the drawdown does not stabilize, which is a requirement of Low
Flow purging/sampling, an alternative method of sample collection
should be considered (EPA-SESD, 2017).
o For wells that either have very slow recharge rates or draw down
excessively at a low pumping rate, the Field Team Leader shall seek
guidance from the Supervising or Lead Scientist for the selection of an
appropriate alternative purging and sampling.
o Once an acceptable flow rate has been established and drawdown has
stabilized, it is acceptable to begin recording indicator field parameters
at specific intervals (usually every 3 to 5 minutes). Indicator parameters
are pH, specific conductance, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO).
Although not considered purge stabilization parameters, temperature and
oxidation reduction potential (ORP) should be recorded during purging
(EPA-SESD, 2017). Base the frequency of the measurements on the
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time required to completely evacuate one volume of the flow- through-
cell to ensure that independent measurements are made. For example, a
500-mL cell in a system pumped at a rate of 100 mL/min is evacuated in
five minutes. Typically, indicator parameters are monitored every three
to five minutes and recorded in the field workbook/GMDS. The water
level within the well and flow rate should also be recorded at five-
minute intervals to document stable drawdown is maintained. Adjust
pumping rates as needed.
• Low Flow Stabilization
Indicator parameters of water being withdrawn from the well during the
purging process should be monitored and recorded to confirm the presence
of representative groundwater. The volume of water that is withdrawn
should also be measured and recorded in the field workbook or on the
GMDS.
o During the purging process, water quality parameters will be measured
and recorded in the field workbook or on the GMDS. The purpose of
monitoring field parameters is to determine water chemistry
stabilization, thus confirming the presence of representative groundwater
from the aquifer in preparation for sample collection. Water-quality
parameters monitored to confirm groundwater stabilization include pH,
specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. Additional field
parameters to be routinely monitored, although not used for groundwater
stabilization determination, include temperature and oxidation reduction
potential (EPA-SESD, 2017).
o Water-quality stabilization is considered accomplished when three
consecutive readings of field indicator parameter measurements meet the
following established criteria (EPA-SESD, 2017):



o Temperature and ORP field measurements should not be used as
parameters for stabilization determination, however these parameters
should be measured and recorded during the purging process (EPA-
SESD, 2017).
o The target for turbidity is less than ten nephelometric turbidity units
(NTUs), which is twice the Primary Drinking Water Standard of five
NTUs. Turbid conditions with higher NTUs can bias laboratory
analyses for inorganic and hydrophobic parameters. In some
hydrogeologic environments, even with proper well design,
construction, and development, elevated turbidity values are encountered
due to natural aquifer conditions (EPA, 2002). When these conditions
occur, the following guidelines shall be considered.
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 If turbidity readings are slightly above 10 NTUs, but trending
downward, purging and monitoring should continue.
 If turbidity readings are greater than 10 NTUs and have
stabilized to within 10% during three successive readings or
if purging has continued for more than an hour, consult the
Supervisor prior to collecting the groundwater sample.
• Low Flow Sampling
o Record the final pump settings, water level, and volume of water
removed in the field workbook/GMDS prior to sample collection.
o Measure and record the indicator parameter readings prior to sample
collection. Follow the recommended significant figures for each
parameter listed on the GMDS.
o Record comments pertinent to the appearance (color, clear, clear with
flocculate, turbid, sheen, etc.) and obvious odors (such as sulfur or
petroleum) associated with the water.
o Always wear a new pair of nitrile gloves for each well.
o Arrange and label sample bottles and ensure that preservatives are
added, as required. Do not overfill pre-preserved bottles. Include a
unique sample number, time and date of sampling, the initials of the
sampler, and the requested analysis on the label in accordance with
Appendix G. Additionally, provide information pertinent to the
preservation materials or chemicals used in the sample.
o Generally, maintain pumping rate used during purging for sample
collection. However, when collecting samples for volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), the flow rate should be reduced to 100 ml/min.
Collect samples directly from pump tubing prior to the flow-through cell
or via an in-line T-valve. Ensure that the sampling tubing remains filled
during sampling and attempt to prevent water from descending back into
the well. Minimize turbulence when filling sample containers. Fill the
labeled sample bottles in the following order:
 Metals and Radionuclides,
 Other inorganic analytes, and then
 Other water-quality parameters (including organics).
o Seal each sample and place the sample on ice in a cooler to maintain
sample temperature preservation requirements. Ensure a temperature
blank is placed in the cooler with samples.
o Note the sample identification and sample collection time in field
workbook/GMDS and on Chain-of-Custody form.
o Decontaminate non-dedicated equipment when sampling is complete, in
accordance with procedures outlined in the Decontamination of
Equipment SOP (Appendix E).
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o Close and secure the well. Clean up and remove debris left from the
sampling event. Be sure that Investigative Derived Waste (IDW) is
properly containerized and labeled, if applicable.
o Review sampling records for completeness. Add additional notes as
necessary.
7.4.2.2. Equipment Purge Sampling
Equipment Purge (also referred to as Minimum Purge) is an alternative purging
method used primarily on monitoring wells which do not meet the stabilization
criteria of Low-Flow samplings due to slow recharge conditions (Kaminski,
2013). In these situations, the static water level in the well cannot be
maintained, even at reduced pumping rates during the purging process. The
Equipment Purge approach is preferred in both wells that historically exhibit
excessive drawdown during purging and in new wells that display an inability to
maintain a consistent water level during purging. The Equipment Purge
approach is preferred to the Conventional (volumetric) Purge approach, which
in low yielding wells results in dewatering the well (pumping the well dry) and
exposing the screened interval/filter pack to air (Kaminski, 2013). Exposure of
the screened interval to air promotes oxidation which can influence the redox
state in groundwater, affecting water chemistry, especially for inorganics, which
constitute important sampling parameters at Duke Energy sites. The Equipment
Purge method is also preferred over other Minimum-Purge and No-Purge
methods, such as Passive Diffusion Bags, HydraSleeves, and Snap Samplers,
which do not produce the volume of water needed to complete the analytical
suite typically required for Duke Energy sites. The water level should occur
within the screened interval of the monitoring well when utilizing the
Equipment Purge sampling approach. Equipment set up is similar to Low-Flow
purging/sampling with an appropriate pump, tubing and flow-through cell. One
volume of water equivalent to the volumetric sum of the tubing, flow-through
cell, and bladder (if used) should be withdrawn from the well flushing the
sampling equipment. Once the single volume of water has been removed, a set
of field parameters should be measured/recorded prior to sample collection.
This information is recorded in the field workbook/GMDS noting the sampling
method used.
7.4.2.3. Conventional Sampling
The Conventional method of groundwater sampling has been removing three to
five equivalent well volumes and recording water quality field parameters after
each well volume is removed. This is continued for three to five well volumes
to determine when stabilization occurs indicating representative groundwater.
Groundwater samples are then collected after a multiple well volume purge has
been conducted and indicator parameters have stabilized. It is acceptable to
sample after five wells volumes have been removed even though indicator
parameters have not stabilized. The Field Team Leader shall seek approval
from the Supervisor before utilizing the multiple volume method instead of the
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low-flow method. In some cases, the permit may specify conventional well
volume purging.
o Purge Volume Calculation - Based on the depth-to-water (DTW) and
total depth (TD) measurements, the volume of standing water in the well
must be calculated using the following equation:
 Subtract DTW from TD to calculate the length of the
standing water column (L_wc) in the well.
TD-DTW=L_wc
o Multiply the length of the standing water column by the volume
calculation (gallon per linear foot of depth) based on the inner casing
diameter (see example list below) to determine the total standing water
volume; this represents one well volume.
V_w = L_wc ×2πr2
1-inch well = 0.041 gallon per linear foot
2-inch well = 0.163 gallon per linear foot
4-inch well = 0.653 gallon per linear foot
6-inch well = 1.469 gallons per linear foot
8-inch well = 2.611 gallons per linear foot
o Multiply the well volume calculated in the previous step by three and
five to obtain the approximate respective total purge volume. For wells
with multiple casing diameters (such as open bedrock holes), consult the
drill records and calculate the volume for each segment. Take the sum
of the values and multiply by three and five to determine the minimum
and maximum purge volumes, respectively.
o Fully document the volume calculation in the field workbook\GMDS.
• Conventional Purge
o Maintain reasonable pumping rates to avoid over pumping or
pumping the well to dryness, if possible. If necessary, adjust
pumping rates, reset pump intake depth, or extend pumping times to
remove the desired volume of water. The primary objective is to
avoid dewatering the well screen/filter pack.
o Upon reaching the target purge water volume, measure and record
the indicator parameters. Repeat this process for subsequent well
volumes until parameters have stabilized over three to five well
volumes. Monitor the DTW to determine if excessive drawdown is
occurring. It is acceptable to remove only the available well volume
for subsequent readings if drawdown has changed the equivalent
well volume. Do not allow the water contained in the pump tubing
to drain back into the well when the pump is turned off. Use an
inline check valve or similar device. The removal of three to five
well volumes may not be practical in wells with slow recovery rates.
If a well is pumped to near dryness, the well shall be allowed to
recover prior to sampling. It is preferred to collect samples within
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two hours of purging after the well has recovered to provide enough
volume for sample collection. Do not collect samples after 24 hours
of purging because the water has re-stagnated within the well. If
necessary, the two-hour limit may be exceeded to allow for sufficient
recovery, but samples should be collected within 24 hours of purge
completion.
• Conventional Purge Stabilization
Indicator parameters of water being withdrawn from the well during the
purging process should be monitored and recorded to confirm the presence
of representative groundwater. Quantities of removed water should also be
measured and recorded in the field workbook or on the GMDS.
o During the purging process, water quality parameters will be measured
and recorded in the field workbook or on the GMDS. The purpose of
monitoring field parameters is to determine water chemistry
stabilization, thus confirming the presence of representative groundwater
from the aquifer in preparation for sample collection. Water-quality
parameters monitored to confirm groundwater stabilization include pH,
specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. Additional field
parameters to be routinely monitored, although not used for groundwater
stabilization determination, include temperature and oxidation reduction
potential (EPA-SESD, 2017).
o Water-quality stabilization is considered accomplished when three
consecutive readings of field indicator parameter measurements meet the
following established criteria (EPA-SESD, 2017).
o The target for turbidity is less than ten nephelometric turbidity units
(NTUs), which is twice the Primary Drinking Water Standard of five
NTUs. Turbid conditions with higher NTUs can bias laboratory
analyses for inorganic and hydrophobic parameters. In some
hydrogeologic environments, even with proper well design,
construction, and development, elevated turbidity values are encountered
due to natural aquifer conditions (EPA, 2002). When these conditions
occur, the following guidelines shall be considered.
o If turbidity readings are slightly above 10 NTUs, but trending
downward, purging and monitoring should continue.
o If turbidity readings are greater than 10 NTUs and have stabilized to
within 10% during three successive readings, consult the Supervisor
prior to collecting the groundwater sample.
• Conventional Sampling
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o If during the purging process the water level within the well was
substantially lowered to near dry conditions, allow the well to recharge
to ensure that adequate volume is available for sample collection. If
the well has not sufficiently recharged within two hours, consult the
project manager. At a maximum, sampling should be completed
within 24 hours of purging.
o Record the final pump settings in the field workbook/GMDS prior to
sample collection.
o Measure and record the indicator parameter readings after each well
volume is removed and prior to sample collection. Follow the
recommended significant figures for each parameter listed on the
GMDS.
o Record comments pertinent to the appearance (color, clear, clear with
flocculate, turbid, sheen, etc.) and obvious odors (such as sulfur odor
or petroleum odor) associated with the water.
o Always wear a new pair of nitrile gloves for each well.
o Arrange and label necessary sample bottles and ensure that
preservatives are added, as required. Include a unique sample number,
time and date of sampling, the initials of the sampler, and the
requested analysis on the label in accordance with Appendix G.
Additionally, provide information pertinent to the preservation
materials or chemicals used in the sample.
o If sampling with a pump, care shall be taken to minimize purge water
descending back into the well through the pump tubing. Minimize
turbulence when filling sample containers. Fill the labeled sample
bottles in the following order:
 Metals and Radionuclides,
 Other inorganic analytes, and then
 Other water-quality parameters.
o If sampling with a bailer (extremely rare), slowly lower a clean,
disposable bailer through the fluid surface. Retrieve the bailer and fill
the sample bottles as described above. Care shall be taken to minimize
disturbing the sample during collection.
o Seal each sample and place the sample on ice in a cooler to maintain
sample temperature preservation requirements. Ensure a temperature
blank is placed in the cooler with samples.
o Note the sample identification and sample collection time in field
workbook or on the Groundwater Sampling Field Sheets/GMDS.
o Decontaminate non- dedicated equipment once sampling is complete,
in accordance with procedures outlined in the Decontamination of
Equipment SOP (Appendix E).
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o Close and secure the well. Clean up and remove debris left from the
sampling event. Be sure that IDW is properly containerized and
labeled, if applicable.
o Review sampling records for completeness. Add additional notes as
necessary.
7.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES
7.5.1 Field quality control involves the routine collection and analysis of QC blanks to verify
that the sample collection and handling processes have not impaired the quality of the
samples.
7.5.2 The quality control samples to be collected during every groundwater sampling event and
their frequency are listed below:
7.5.2.1. Equipment Blank - a QC sample collected in the field by capturing deionized
water which is poured over or through a piece of sampling/purge equipment that
has been decontaminated. The equipment blank is prepared like the actual
samples and returned to the laboratory for identical analysis. An equipment
blank is used to determine if certain field sampling or cleaning procedures may
potentially result in cross-contamination of site samples or if atmospheric
contamination has occurred. One equipment blank sample will be prepared per
sampling event or per 20 groundwater samples, whichever is more frequent.
7.5.2.2. Field Blank - a QC sample prepared in the field of certified clean organic-free
water, which is poured into the appropriate sample containers onsite and
returned to the laboratory for analysis. A field blank is used to determine
potential atmospheric contamination of the samples. One field blank sample
will be prepared per sampling event or per 20 groundwater samples, whichever
is more frequent.
7.5.2.3. Sample Duplicate – a QC sample collected simultaneously with a standard
groundwater sample from the same sampling location under identical conditions
for the same analytical parameters but placed into separate sample containers.
Each duplicate should be assigned its own sample number so that it will be
blind to the laboratory. A duplicate sample is treated independently of its
counterpart to enable assessment of the laboratory performance by comparison
of the results. One duplicate sample will be prepared per sampling event or per
20 groundwater samples, whichever is more frequent
7.5.2.4. Temperature Blank – also known as Temperature Indicator (it is not really a
blank) is small container of clean water that is placed in the cooler with the
sample bottle kits for transport back to the laboratory after sample collection.
Upon arrival at the laboratory, the temperature is measured. The Temperature
Blank is not actually analyzed for the presence of contaminants.
7.5.3 Unless otherwise stated it is assumed that the QC have matching parameters to the
samples which they are qualifying. The exception to this case is the field blank, which
does not require TDS or filtered parameter bottles. This exception is true even if a TDS
or filtered parameter bottle was taken for the sample that the field blank is qualifying.

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7.6 FIELD DOCUMENTATION
7.6.1 Daily field activities shall be recorded and maintained by the Field Team Leader.
Recorded activities shall be entered in the field workbook or on the Groundwater
Sampling Field Sheets placed into a field Logbook to include the following information
for each well:
• Well identification number
• Well depth
• Static water level depth
• Presence of immiscible layers (yes – no)
• Estimated well yield, if known
• Purge volume and purge pumping rate
• Time well purge began and ended
• Well evacuation procedure and equipment
• Field analysis data
• Climatic conditions including air temperature
• Field observations on sampling event
• Well location
• Name of collector(s)
• Date and time of sample collection
• Sampling procedure
• Sampling equipment
• Types of sample containers used and sample identification numbers
• Preservative used
7.6.2 The Field Team Leader shall review the recorded field entries for completeness and
accuracy. The Field Team Leader is responsible for completion of the required data
collection forms. At the end of each sampling event, complete a Post Sampling Well
Condition Report (Appendix F), noting all challenges encountered on site. Use
consistent, proper nomenclature for all field documentation of sample collection
(Appendix G).
7.7 DECONTAMINATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
7.7.1 Sampling equipment decontamination shall be performed in a manner consistent with the
Decontamination of Equipment SOP (Appendix E). Decontamination procedures shall
be documented in the field Logbook. IDW produced during sampling or decontamination
shall be managed in accordance with State and Station-specific rules for disposal of
wastes.
8. References
8.1 U.S. EPA. Region 4 - Science and Ecosystem Support Division, Groundwater Sampling
Operating Procedure. Document Number SESDPROC-301-R4, April 2017.
8.2 U.S. EPA. Region I, Low Stress (Low Flow) Purging and Sampling Procedure for the
Collection of Ground Water Samples from Monitoring Wells, Revision 2, July 1996
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8.3 U.S. EPA. Region 4 - Science and Ecosystem Support Division, Field Equipment Cleaning and
Decontamination. Document Number SESDPROC-205-R3, December 2015.
8.4 N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Waste Management, Solid
Waste Section, Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, Surface Water Sampling, April 2008.
8.5 Purnell, Paul. “Operation of a Water/ Product Level Meter.” Duke Energy Environmental Sciences
(2015).
8.6 Campbell, Chuck. “Operating Procedure for the Hach Model 2100P Portable Turbidity Meter.” Duke
Energy Environmental Sciences (2014).
8.7 Kaminski, David. “Options for Sampling Very-Low-Yield Monitoring Wells”, QED Environmental
Systems, Inc., October 2016.
9. Appendices
A. Example Sampling Equipment Checklist
B. Example Pre-Job Brief and Job Hazard Analysis
C. Example Daily Calibration Log
D. Example Groundwater Monitoring Data Sheet
E. Example Post Sample Well Condition Report
F. Sample Nomenclature and QA/QC Sample Protocol

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Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection 3175.6
Appendix A
Sampling Equipment Checklist
 Appropriate PPE (ex. safety vest, PFD, steel toe boots, tick guards, snake chaps, safety glasses, hard hat, sunscreen)
 Rain Gear (jacket and pants)
 Case of Water
 Site Sampling Binder (sampling logs, calibration logs, legacy data)
 Truck Binder (JHAs, General Contact List, SOPs and Procedural Documents, SDS Sheets, Environmental Handbook, Health and Safety Manual, Car Accident Policy, Glove Policy and Groundwater Sampling Checklist)
 Water Quality Analyzer with Cord and Dongle
 Display Unit for Meter
 Flow-Through Cell
 Laptop with Site Workbook (optional)
 Turbidimeters with Standards and extra cuvettes
 Water Level Indicators with extra batteries
 Bottle Kit with applicable Chain of Custody
 Extra Bottles
 Calibration Solutions
- pH, ORP, Conductivity, DO
 Dispenser with Milli-Q Water
 DI Water and Liquidox for Decon
 Pre-cut Peristaltic Tubing
 ¼ inch LDPE Tubing for Peristaltic (optional)
 3/8-inch LDPE Tubing for Monsoon (optional)
 Surface Water Grab Pole (optional)
 Tool Kit
 Bucket, Water Basin
 Bolt Cutters and WD-40
 Well Keys and Spare #2 Locks
 Controllers with Hoses
 AED
 First Aid Kit
 Fire Extinguisher
 Peristaltic Pump (optional)
 Mega Monsoon (optional)
 Power Source with Containment
 Gub Tub with Essentials - Gloves (nitriles and cut-proof), Control Valve, Tubing Cutters, Pens, Sharpies, Duct Tape, AccuWipes,
Graduated Cylinder
 Folding Table and Plastic Sheeting
 Clipboard
 Coolers with Ice
1 version 1.0. Revised by Dee O’Brien 12/05/2018

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Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection 3175.6 Appendix B
Pre-Job Brief and Job Hazard Analysis
Groundwater Sampling Date: August 30, 2018 KKH Revised New
Project/Task/Activity Title:
Groundwater Sampling
Analyzed By: Supervisor review/approval:Maverick Raber, Spvr. GW Science
Linda Hickok, Mgr. Water Resources
Safety review/approval:
Location: All Comments:
DETAILED PROJECT, TASK, ACTIVITY
: (Review
types of hazards. Anticipate error trapes and foresee consequences)
CONTROLS OR PROTECTIVE MESURES
defenses, consider engineering/administrative controls and PPE.)
RECOMMENDED HPI TOOLS
1 Working in inclement weather potential for slips & falls, lightning strike thunder/lightning are present, follow site specific thunder/lightning guidance if available, or, if not, wait 30 minutes after
weather manifestations of heat stress, including heat cramps, head exhaustion, heat rash or heat stroke.
symptoms are observed. Watch co-workers for any indications of heat stress. Acclimate to hot weather season. Use sunscreen, ensure adequate fluids are available for hydration, take frequent breaks. Wear QVV STAR
weather are present: cold temperatures, high or cold
wind, dampness, cold water. Mild to severe
symptoms are observed. Dress appropriately for expected conditions,
using layers, gloves and a hat to prevent heat loss. Stay hydrated, take QVV STAR
Personal Protective
Equipment needs
head, hands, feet, eyes, hearing. Other risks
to personnel could come from insects, snakes and wildlife.
have hard hats, gloves for various tasks/requirements, safety shoes,
safety glasses, hearing protection and use of any/all items as appropriate for the task. Have available insect repellent, snake chaps,
trip/demobilize from sampling trip positioning, when lifting equipment, boxes and coolers; possible breakage of glass shelf, use two carts if needed to move materials. Use proper body positioning and lifting techniques. Allow adequate time to complete tasks.
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Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection 3175.6 Appendix B
DETAILED PROJECT, TASK, ACTIVITY
: (Review
types of hazards. Anticipate error trapes and foresee consequences)
CONTROLS OR PROTECTIVE MESURES (Evaluate defenses,
consider engineering/administrative controls and PPE.)
RECOMMENDED HPI TOOLS
equipment wet floor gloves to prevent hand exposure to acids in sample bottles, exposure
to potential contamination in the well water sample and/or potential sample contamination from materials on hands or no-nitrile gloves.
sampling vehicle edges/surfaces, housekeeping/organization in truck, drop hazards. lifting techniques (knees not back), get help lifting, proper footwear (steel/composite toed boots for the field), closed toes in the lab, eyes on path, clean trucks at end of day, 3 points of contact on stairs, proper
on road distractions, road conditions, time concerns securement, hands free, no texting while driving, use spotter for backing, wheel chocks for dully/trailers, use pull-through spaces DOSER
on road/on-site dead ends, slippery conditions, hills turnaround points, identify escape route, use 4-wheel drive when DOSER
vehicle to access getting stuck spotter to guide path on-site/off road, use turnaround points DOSER
in times, carry SPOT unit, ensure phone is charged and has reception.
roadside vehicle to enter work zone and contact company vehicle or worker Note whether highway merging, intersections or other unusually active conditions are present. Set up work zone, including parking vehicle to act as a barrier between road and workers whenever
possible, use flashers, set up orange cones, use high visibility safety
STAR
roadside hazardous, wear high visibility safety vest, stay well off the shoulder of the road, keep one hand free. Use wagon to more equipment if

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Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection 3175.6 Appendix B
DETAILED PROJECT, TASK, ACTIVITY

(Review types
of hazards. Anticipate error trapes and foresee consequences)
CONTROLS OR PROTECTIVE MESURES
consider engineering/administrative controls and PPE.) RECOMMENDED HPI TOOLS
slips/trips/falls, carrying equipment,
removing well cap (insects, snakes, etc.),
and inspect for insect/critter hazards, use bug spray/insect repellent,
follow tick protection measures, use snake chaps as appropriate STAR
equipment slips/trips/falls, contact with potentially connecting battery, use appropriate PPE/hand protection, keep on hand
involve cutting, use gloves that have a minimum visible ANSI cut rating of 4 or greater, with an exoskeleton for impact protection. In addition, use only approved cutting tools to cut tubing: do not use knives, side cutters,
contamination, splashes, branches, generator noise prevent hand exposure to acids in sample bottles, exposure to potential contamination in the well water sample and/or potential sample contamination from materials on hands or non-nitrile gloves. Secondary containment for fuel, be aware of surroundings/weather/fire
STAR
requirements/keys keys to life, depending on site, discuss site-specific risks and business
impact use spill kit (each vehicle), notify site personnel, provide information in
medical conditions asthma/heart attack workers how to use any medical assistive devices have information for
Site:
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Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection 3175.6 Appendix B
Signature Date Time In Time Out

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Appendix C

CAMA CCR Landfill NPDES SPECIAL STUDY
DAILY CALIBRATION LOG

FIELD PERSONNEL:
WEATHER: SUNNY PARTLY CLOUDY OVERCAST RAIN SNOW
TEMPURATURE (APPROX): O

Lot Number Expiration Buffer Temperature (oC)
Meter Reading (µs)
Within ± 10%? (circle)

Standard Value _______________µs Y N
Y N
Post Calibration Date: _______________________ Time: ________________________

pH
Lot Number Expiration Buffer Temperature (oC)
Chart pH (su)
Meter Reading (su)
Within ± 0.1 su? (circle)
Post Calibration: Date: __________________ Time: ______________________ Within ± 0.2 su?

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Appendix C

CAMA CCR Landfill NPDES SPECIAL STUDY
DAILY CALIBRATION LOG

Field Personnel:
ORP
Lot Number Expiration Buffer Temperature (oC)
Adjusted Value (mV)
Meter Reading (mV)
Within ± 20%? (circle)
Post Calibration Date: ______________________ Time:_________________________

Dissolved Oxygen Temperature (oC) Pressure (mmHg) (mg/L) (%Sat) (circle)
Y N
Y N
Y N

Turbidity Standard (NTU) Acceptance Range (NTU) (NTU) (circle)
Y N
Y N

Daily Turbidity Meter BLANK DI Water (NTU) Less than 0.10 NTU
Y N Time: _________________________

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Groundwater Monitoring and Sampling Collection 3175.6
Appendix D
FIELD SAMPLING LOG

GROUNDWATER SAMPLE SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LEACHATE SAMPLE WLO WELL DEVELOPMENT
FIELD PERSONNEL:
WEATHER: SUNNY PARTLY CLOUDY OVERCAST RAIN SNOW
COMPANY: AIR TEMPERATURE: O

START PURGE TIME: SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME:
WELL DEPTH: DEPTH TO WATER: MULT FACTOR:
WELL DIAMETER: HEIGHT OF WC: WELL VOLUME:
PUMP/TUBING INTAKE DEPTH: TOTAL VOL. PURGED:
TYPE OF PUMP: Bladder Peristaltic 12 Volt Grundfos Other (________________)
PUMP SETTING:
(psi) (sec) (sec) Low Flow Sampling Stabilizing Criteria

TIME TEMPERATURE DO pH ORP TURBIDITY
PLEASE REFER TO THE BACK OF THIS SHEET IF THE CHART ABOVE IS FULL IS REDEVELOPMENT NEEDED (>10 NUTS)? WERE ALL THE SAMPLES ON ICE WITHIN 15 MINUTES? IS TURBIDITY METER DUPLICATE REQUIRED? YES NO IS THE LOCATION FIELD VEHICLE ACCESSIBLE? YES NO
IS THE TURBIDITY METER DUPLICATE TAKEN WITHIN 15%? DUPLICATE 1 (NTU) DUPLICATE 2 NTU)
(circle)(circle)(circle)

WELL TAG LOCK DUST CAP CONCRETE PAD
GOOD BAD NONE GOOD BAD NONE GOOD BAD NONE GOOD BAD NONE GOOD BAD NONE

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Appendix D

Site: Well/SW ID: Date:

TIME WATER LEVEL FLOW RATE VOLUME REMOVED TEMPERATURE DO pH ORP TURBIDITY

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Appendix E
Well Condition Report for CCP Site Environmental, CCP Safety
Professionals and Duke SME
*Please see example in purple below

CLS Ash Basin and Landfill Well Condition Report
The Groundwater Science Team collected groundwater samples of the Ash Basin for NPDES compliance and the CCP Landfill for Solid Waste compliance at Cliffside from April 24-25, 2018. The Field crew consisted of JAW, AEH, RDP and DDH. The weather was about 50oF with rain on April 24th, then 70oF and sunny on April 25th. Please note the following issues were encountered during our sampling event.
Well ID Program Sample Date Issue Solution CCPMW-1D Compliance pads increases the
potential for samplers to
access is clear before
an event occurs
Examples of other potential issues:
well site is poor around well is
compromised
blocking access washing out,
muddy or needs
found unlocked found unlocked rusted that needs
replaced
intrusion
needs repair around or in well casting protective well casting
tick population around
around well pad needs repair locks replaced nearby
need replaced missing or damaged around or in well casting
flush mounts mount bolts/bolt holes
mount vault lid cracked or
well casing presence near well

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Appendix F

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Appendix F

Attachment 2: Duke Energy Landfill Sample
Collection Guidelines

Sample Collection Guideline

Revision 3
July 26, 2023
Duke Energy Revision 3, July 26, 2023
Sample Collection Guideline

Page i of ii
Revision History

Revision Company Date of Revision Description of Revision
0 Duke Energy 10/27/2020 Initial release
1 Duke Energy 12/14/2020
2008 Solid Waste Section, Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water
Sampling with NCDEQ 2020 Environmental Monitoring – Field Measurements and
2 Duke Energy 4/23/2021 “Environmental Controls Monitoring Plan (ECMP)” to ‘Monitoring Plan” to allow for use
3 Duke Energy 7/26/2023 applicable to NC CCR landfills (e.g., Oil and

Duke Energy Revision 3, July 26, 2023
Sample Collection Guideline

Page ii of ii
Table of Contents
1.0 General Information ........................................................................................ 1
1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Sampling General Requirements ..................................................................................... 1
2.0 Labeling, Documentation, and Records ....................................................... 2
2.1 Sample Container Labeling .............................................................................................. 2
2.1.1 Prior to field mobilization.................................................................................................. 2
2.1.2 At sample collection location ........................................................................................... 2
2.2 Field Documentation ........................................................................................................ 2
2.3 Chain-of-Custody Record ................................................................................................ 3
3.0 Sample Collection ........................................................................................... 3
3.1 Grab Sample Method ....................................................................................................... 3
3.2 Unpreserved Container or Intermediate Vessel ............................................................... 4
3.3 Peristaltic Pump and Tubing ............................................................................................ 4
4.0 Custody and Laboratory Receipt................................................................... 4
4.1 Custody of Sample .......................................................................................................... 4
4.2 Laboratory Receipt .......................................................................................................... 5
5.0 References ...................................................................................................... 5

List of Attachments
Example Chain of Custody Record and Analysis Request Form
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Sample Collection Guideline

1.0 General Information
1.1 Introduction
This Sample Collection Guideline (Guideline) describes the general processes which Duke Energy or their designee should follow for collection of a sample at operational and closed Duke Energy landfills located at fossil power plants (Plant/ Site).
The principal purpose of a sampling and analysis program is to provide data that accurately reflect the quality of the media being investigated which begins with
assurance that the composition of field samples remains unaltered before laboratory analysis. This Guideline provides information pertaining to preparation for, and field collection of, a sample.
1.2 Sampling General Requirements
In addition to the information provided in this Guideline, all personnel collecting samples from a Site will:
• be knowledgeable of general field collection procedures including operation of equipment to be utilized, preservatives, and storage temperature requirements, and familiar with this sampling procedure;
• wear personal protective equipment (PPE) required by the Site or based on field conditions (may include a high visibility vest, hard hat, eye protection, gloves, and
protective footwear);
• be familiar with preservatives and/or storage temperatures required for the
parameters to be analyzed;
• confirm that receiving laboratory is aware of, and prepared to, accept the samples
prior to mobilizing for field collection;
• use new, clean, non-powdered latex or nitrile gloves at each sample collection
location;
• checked all equipment to ensure that it is in working order and if necessary,
calibrated;
• decontaminate reusable sampling equipment prior to collection of a sample;
• record detailed field notes in a logbook or dedicated field form to include sample information (e.g. site name, time and date sample was collected, sample code, personnel, weather etc.), and;
• document the chain of custody for each sample collected.
Samples will be:
• collected in certified pre-clean containers appropriate for the laboratory analyte which are labeled in accordance with Section 2.0, and supplied or recommended by the laboratory performing the analysis, filled to the brim to avoid the inclusion of air in the sample, unless there is a 'fill-to' mark (typically in pre-preserved bottles);
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Sample Collection Guideline

• collected at locations identified in the Monitoring Plan unless an alternate
location is authorized by Waste and Groundwater Programs Subject Matter Expert (SME) for the Site;
• documented as “Insufficient Flow” and not sampled if a location is experiencing a low flow condition that would preclude collection without entrainment of sediment, and;
• stored in iced coolers, out of direct sunlight and delivered to the laboratory with minimum delay; ideally on the same day and preferably within 24 hours of
sampling.
2.0 Labeling, Documentation, and Records
2.1 Sample Container Labeling
2.1.1 Prior to field mobilization
Field sample containers should be labeled and organized prior to mobilization for field collection unless an emergent event precludes the ability to pre-label
containers.
2.1.2 At sample collection location
As samples are collected, field personnel record the date and time of collection and initials of sampler on the container label and records that information on the Monitoring Data Sheet and the Chain-of-Custody Record and Analysis Request Form (example included as an attachment to this Guideline).
2.2 Field Documentation
Field documentation for each sample is recorded on the Field Monitoring Data Sheets, Field Sampling Calibration Form, and Chain-of-Custody Record and Analysis Request Form (COC Record). These sheets are arranged in sequential order and
filed by project and date.
Notations are made during field collection to document the following information:
• identification of location;
• date and time of collection;
• collection method;
• types of containers used;
• identification of Quality Control (QC) samples (if applicable);
• preservative(s) used;
• parameters for analysis;
• field analysis data and methods;
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Sample Collection Guideline

• field observations during sampling event
• name(s) of sample collectors(s), and;
• climatic conditions including an estimate of air temperature.
2.3 Chain-of-Custody Record
The COC Record accompanies the sample(s), traces sample possession from time of collection to delivery to the laboratory(s), and clearly identifies which sample
containers have been designated for each requested parameter. The COC Record includes the following information:
• sample identification number;
• signature of collector;
• date and time of collection;
• sample type;
• identification of location;
• number of containers;
• parameters requested for analysis;
• preservative(s) used;
• signature of all persons involved in the chain of possession, and;
• inclusive dates of possession.
3.0 Sample Collection
3.1 Grab Sample Method
The Grab Sample Method is simple and effective for a homogeneous sample matrix.
The use of unpreserved sample containers for direct grab sampling is encouraged since the same container can be submitted for laboratory analysis after appropriate preservation. This procedure reduces sample handling and eliminates potential
contamination from other sources.
Sample containers with premeasured amounts of preservative shall not be used to collect field samples using this method. A clean, unpreserved sample container will be
used to collect the sample and transfer the sample to the appropriate container with premeasured preservation (see Section 3.2).
Sampling personnel will use the container provided or recommended by the laboratory for collecting samples that will be analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as applicable.
General steps field collection using the Grab Sample Method are:
1. Slowly submerge the container opening, neck first, into the sample media.
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2. Invert the bottle so the neck is upright and pointing towards the direction of flow (if applicable). Allow media to flow slowly into the container until filled.
3. Return the filled container quickly to the surface.
4. Pour out a few mL of sample away from and downstream of the sampling location. This procedure allows for the addition of preservatives and sample expansion. Do not use this step for volatile organics or other analytes where headspace is not allowed in the sample container, as applicable.
5. add preservatives (if applicable), securely cap container, label, and complete field notes.
If sample containers are attached to a pole via a clamp, submerge the container and
follow steps 3 – 5 but omit steps 1 and 2.
3.2 Unpreserved Container or Intermediate Vessel
If the sample cannot be collected directly into the sample container (e.g.: Grab Sample Method) to be submitted to the laboratory, or if the laboratory provides pre-preserved sample containers, use an unpreserved, unused or decontaminated sample container or a decontaminated intermediate vessel (e.g., beakers, buckets or dippers) to collect the sample. Vessels must be constructed appropriately, including any poles or extension arms used to access the sample location.
General processes for field collection using an intermediate vessel or container are:
• Rinse the intermediate vessel with ample amounts of media prior to collecting the first sample.
• Use an intermediate vessel or unpreserved container collect the sample as outlined in the Grab Sample Method, Section 3.1.
• Use a pole mounted intermediate vessel or unpreserved container of appropriate construction to sample at unsafe distances collect the sample as outlined in the Grab Sample Method, Section 3.1.
3.3 Peristaltic Pump and Tubing
This technique is not acceptable for VOCs. Extractable organics can be collected through a peristaltic pump if flexible interior-wall Teflon, polyethylene or PP tubing is
used in the pump head.
The most portable pump for this technique is a 12-volt peristaltic pump. Use appropriately precleaned, silicone tubing in the pump head and attach polyethylene,
Tygon, etc. tubing to the pump to fill the sample container.
4.0 Custody and Laboratory Receipt
4.1 Custody of Sample
For the purpose of this Guideline, a sample is considered in custody if it is:
• in actual possession of the responsible person;
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• in view, after being in physical possession, or;
• locked or sealed in a manner so that no one can tamper with it, after having been in physical custody; or in a secured area, restricted to authorized personnel.
Samples are maintained in the custody of sampling personnel throughout the duration of field collection. At the end of each day and prior to the transfer of the samples the COC Record information is completed for each sample.
Upon transfer of sample custody from sampling personnel to a currier or receiving laboratory, the COC Record is:
signed by sampling personnel, including date and time.
If a currier is used for transporting the sample, the COC Record is:
signed by the currier accepting the sample for transport, including date and time.
Upon arrival at the receiving laboratory the COC Record is:
signed and dated by the designee immediately following receipt by the laboratory.
4.2 Laboratory Receipt
The laboratory maintains a sample-tracking record that follows the sample through each stage of processing. Sample tracking records maintain the date of sample extraction or preparation, and analysis. The sample tracking records are used to
verify compliance with holding time limits during data validation and reviewed in laboratory audits.
5.0 References
Environmental Protection Agency 2003. Landfill Manuals - Landfill Monitoring, 2nd Edition. Office of Environmental Enforcement.
North Carolina Dept. of Environmental Quality. 2020. Environmental Monitoring – Field
Measurements and Sampling Procedures. [online] Available at: https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-permit-
guidance/solid-waste-section/environmental-monitoring.

Duke Energy Revision 3, July 26, 2023
Sample Collection Guideline

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Attachment 3: Duke Energy Laboratory Analysis Plan

Laboratory Analysis Plan

Revision 1
May 22, 2021
Page 1 of 6
Revision History

Revision Company Date of Revision Description of Revision
1 Duke Energy 5/22/2023 Initial release

Page 2 of 6

Table of Contents
1.0 General Information ........................................................................................ 3
1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 3
2.0 Custody and Laboratory Receipt................................................................... 3
2.1 Laboratory Receipt ............................................................................................................ 3
3.0 Analytical Procedures .................................................................................... 3
4.0 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program ........................................ 4
4.1 Field Blanks ....................................................................................................................... 4
4.2 Trip Blanks......................................................................................................................... 4
4.3 Field Replicates ................................................................................................................. 5
5.0 Validation ......................................................................................................... 5
5.1 Validation of Field Data Package ...................................................................................... 5
5.2 Validation of Laboratory Data............................................................................................ 5

Page 3 of 6
1.0 General Information
1.1 Introduction
This Laboratory Analysis Plan (Plan) describes the general processes which Duke
Energy or their designee should follow for analysis of water quality samples.
This Plan provides information pertaining to analytical procedures, quality assurance
and quality control program, and validation.
2.0 Custody and Laboratory Receipt
2.1 Laboratory Receipt
The laboratory maintains a sample-tracking record that follows the sample through
each stage of processing. Sample tracking records maintain the date of sample
extraction or preparation, and analysis. The sample tracking records are used to
verify compliance with holding time limits during data validation and reviewed in
laboratory audits.
3.0 Analytical Procedures
The main analytical laboratory used in this program is the Duke Energy Central
Laboratory Services: NC Wastewater (#248) Certification.
Vendor laboratories that meet EPA and NC certification requirements may be used for
analyses with approval by Duke Energy.
The analytical procedures used for this Plan are listed in Table 1. The laboratory must
report any detection of any constituent (as revised in the October 27, 2006, NCDEQ
Division memorandum and February 23, 2007, addendum).
The laboratory certificates-of-analyses will, at a minimum, include:
• Narrative: The narrative will include a brief description of the sample group
(number and type of samples, field and associated lab sample identification
numbers, preparation and analytical methods used). The data reviewer will also
include a statement that describes any method deviations or other QA/QC issues
associated with that data that had the potential of affecting the usability of the data.
This includes, but is not limited to: test method deviation(s), holding time violations,
out-of-control incidents occurring during the processing of QC or field samples and
corrective actions taken, and repeated analyses and reasons for the reanalysis
(including, for example, contamination, failing surrogate recoveries, matrix effects,
or dilutions). The narrative will be signed by the laboratory director or authorized
laboratory representative, signifying that all statements are true to the best of the
reviewer’s knowledge, and that the data meet the data quality objectives as
described in this Plan (except as noted). One narrative is required for each sample
group.
• Original Chain-of-Custody (COC) form;
Page 4 of 6
• The laboratory will list all analytes for which the samples were analyzed;
• Dilution factors with a narrative of the sample results, including the reasons for the
dilution (if any);
• Blank Data: If organic analyses is required, the laboratory will report the results of
any method blanks, reagent blanks, trip blanks, field blanks, and any other blanks
associated with the sample group. For inorganic analyses, the laboratory will
provide the results of any preparation or initial calibration blanks associated with
the sample group, and;
• QC Summary: The laboratory will provide summary forms detailing laboratory QC
sample results, which include individual recoveries and relative percent differences
(if appropriate) for the following Quality Assurance (QA)/QC criteria: surrogates,
MS analyses, MSD analyses, laboratory control samples, and sample duplicate
analyses. QC control limits will also be reported; if any QC limits are exceeded, a
flag or footnote will be placed to indicate the affected samples.
Additional QA data and/or other pertinent data may be reported as requested.
4.0 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program

Each participating laboratory shall maintain a Quality Assurance Plan that describes the ability
of the laboratory to produce acceptable quality data using the specified methods. QC checks
used by the laboratory for sampling procedures and laboratory analyses are conducted for each
sampling event. These QC checks consist of the preparation and submittal of field blanks, trip
(travel) blanks, and/or field replicates for analysis of each of the parameters at frequencies
described in the laboratory(s) procedures manuals. QC checks used by the Duke Energy
laboratory for sampling procedures and laboratory analyses are conducted for each sampling
event. These QC checks consist of the preparation and submittal of field blanks, trip (travel)
blanks, and/or field replicates for analysis of each of the parameters at frequencies described in
the laboratory(s) procedures manuals.

The field QC blanks and replicates that may be included as QC checks are described below.
The specific type and number of blanks used as listed below may vary depending on the
sampling event and will be determined by the Duke Energy field sampling personnel:
4.1 Field Blanks
• Field Blanks: A field blank consists of a sample container filled in the field with
organic-free, deionized, or distilled water prepared and preserved in the same
manner as the samples. The field blank is transported to the laboratory with the
samples and analyzed along with the field samples for the constituents of interest
to check for contamination imparted to the samples by the sample container,
preservative, or other exogenous sources. Field blanks are typically utilized for
each sampling event. The field blanks are typically analyzed for major anions and
cations and metals.
4.2 Trip Blanks
Page 5 of 6
Trip Blanks: If any samples are being analyzed for volatile organic compounds, a trip
blank is required. A trip blank is a sample container filled with organic-free water in
the laboratory that travels unopened with the sample bottles. The trip blank is
returned to the laboratory with the field samples and analyzed along with the field
samples for parameters of interest.
4.3 Field Replicates
Field Replicates: A field replicate is a duplicate sample prepared at the sampling
locations from equal portions of the sample aliquots combined to make the sample.
Both the field replicate and the sample are collected at the same time, in the same
container type, preserved in the same way, and analyzed by the same laboratory as a
measure of sampling and analytical precision.
5.0 Validation
5.1 Validation of Field Data Package
The field data package includes the field records and measurements developed by
the sampling team personnel. The field data package validation will be performed by
Duke Energy personnel. The procedure for validation consists of the following:
• a review of field data contained on the Monitoring Data Sheets for completeness;
• verification that equipment blanks, field blanks, and trip blanks (if required) were
properly prepared, identified, and analyzed;
• a check of the Field Sampling Calibration Form for equipment calibration and
instrument conditions, and;
• a review of the COC Record for proper completion, signatures of field personnel
and the laboratory sample custodian, dates and times, and for verification that the
correct analyses were specified.
5.2 Validation of Laboratory Data
The laboratory will perform a validation review of the submitted samples and
analytical results to confirm that the laboratory QA/QC requirements are acceptable.
Analytical results are managed in EQuIS. The EQuIS Data Qualification Module
(DQM) performs the data verification/validation and creates an electronic data
deliverable (EDD) file.

Appendix V – NCDEQ Well Abandonment and Well Construction
Forms (GW-1 and GW-30)
WELL ABANDONMENT RECORD
This form can be used for single or multiple wells
Form GW-30 North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Division of Water Resources Revised August 2013
1. Well Contractor Information:

Well Contractor Name (or well owner personally abandoning well on his/her property)
NC Well Contractor Certification Number

Company Name 2. Well Construction Permit #: List all applicable well permits (i.e. County, State, Variance, Injection, etc.) if known 3. Well use (check well use): Water Supply Well: □Agricultural □Municipal/Public
□Geothermal (Heating/Cooling Supply) □Residential Water Supply (single)
□Industrial/Commercial □Residential Water Supply (shared) □Irrigation
Non-Water Supply Well: □Monitoring □Recovery
Injection Well: □Aquifer Recharge □Groundwater Remediation
□Aquifer Storage and Recovery □Salinity Barrier □Aquifer Test □Stormwater Drainage
□Experimental Technology □Subsidence Control
□Geothermal (Closed Loop) □Tracer □Geothermal (Heating/Cooling Return) □Other (explain under 7g)
4. Date well(s) abandoned: 5a. Well location:
Facility/Owner Name Facility ID# (if applicable)

Physical Address, City, and Zip
County Parcel Identification No. (PIN) 5b. Latitude and longitude in degrees/minutes/seconds or decimal degrees: (if well field, one lat/long is sufficient) N W CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF WELL(S) BEING ABANDONED Attach well construction record(s) if available. For multiple injection or non-water supply wells ONLY with the same construction/abandonment, you can submit one form. 6a. Well ID#: 6b. Total well depth: (ft.) 6c. Borehole diameter: (in.) 6d. Water level below ground surface: (ft.) 6e. Outer casing length (if known): (ft.) 6f. Inner casing/tubing length (if known): (ft.) 6g. Screen length (if known): (ft.)
WELL ABANDONMENT DETAILS 7a. Number of wells being abandoned: For multiple injection or non-water supply wells ONLY with the same construction/abandonment, you can submit one form. 7b. Approximate volume of water remaining in well(s): (gal.) FOR WATER SUPPLY WELLS ONLY: 7c. Type of disinfectant used:
7d. Amount of disinfectant used: 7e. Sealing materials used (check all that apply): □ Neat Cement Grout □ Bentonite Chips or Pellets
□ Sand Cement Grout □ Dry Clay □ Concrete Grout □ Drill Cuttings
□ Specialty Grout □ Gravel
□ Bentonite Slurry □ Other (explain under 7g) 7f. For each material selected above, provide amount of materials used: 7g. Provide a brief description of the abandonment procedure: 8. Certification:
Signature of Certified Well Contractor or Well Owner Date By signing this form, I hereby certify that the well(s) was (were) abandoned in accordance with 15A NCAC 02C .0100 or 2C .0200 Well Construction Standards and that a copy of this record has been provided to the well owner. 9. Site diagram or additional well details: You may use the back of this page to provide additional well site details or well
abandonment details. You may also attach additional pages if necessary. SUBMITTAL INSTRUCTIONS 10a. For All Wells: Submit this form within 30 days of completion of well abandonment to the following: Division of Water Resources, Information Processing Unit, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617 10b. For Injection Wells: In addition to sending the form to the address in 10a above, also submit one copy of this form within 30 days of completion of well abandonment to the following: Division of Water Resources, Underground Injection Control Program, 1636 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1636 10c. For Water Supply & Injection Wells: In addition to sending the form to the address(es) above, also submit one copy of this form within 30 days of completion of well abandonment to the county health department of the county where abandoned.
For Internal Use ONLY:
WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORD
This form can be used for single or multiple wells
Form GW-1 North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Division of Water 5HVRXUFHV Revised AXJXVW 2013
1. Well Contractor Information:

Well Contractor Name

NC Well Contractor Certification Number

Company Name 2. Well Construction Permit #: List all applicable well permits (i.e. County, State, Variance, ,QMHFWLRQetc.) 3. Well Use (check well use): Water Supply Well: □Agricultural □Municipal/Public □Geothermal (Heating/Cooling Supply) □Residential Water Supply (single)
□Industrial/Commercial □Residential Water Supply (shared) □Irrigation
Non-Water Supply Well: □Monitoring □Recovery
Injection Well: □Aquifer Recharge □Groundwater Remediation
□Aquifer Storage and Recovery □Salinity Barrier □Aquifer Test □Stormwater Drainage
□Experimental Technology □Subsidence Control
□Geothermal (Closed Loop) □Tracer □Geothermal (Heating/Cooling Return) □Other (explain under #21 Remarks)
4. Date Well(s) Completed: ____________ Well ID#______________________ 5a. Well Location:
Facility/Owner Name Facility ID# (if applicable)

Physical Address, City, and Zip
County Parcel Identification No. (PIN) 5b. Latitude and Longitude in degrees/minutes/seconds or decimal degrees: (if well field, one lat/long is sufficient) N W
6. Is (are) the well(s): □Permanent or □Temporary

7. Is this a repair to an existing well: □Yes or □No If this is a repair, fill out known well construction information and explain the nature of the repair under #21 remarks section or on the back of this form.
8. Number of wells constructed: For multiple injection or non-water supply wells ONLY with the same construction, you can submit one form. 9. Total well depth below land surface: (ft.) For multiple wells list all depths if different (example- 3@200’ and 2@100′) 10. Static water level below top of casing: (ft.) If water level is above casing, use “+” 11. Borehole diameter: (in.) 12. Well construction method: (i.e. auger, rotary, cable, direct push, etc.) FOR WATER SUPPLY WELLS ONLY: 13a. Yield (gpm) Method of test: 13b. Disinfection type: Amount:

14. WATER ZONES
FROM TO DESCRIPTION
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
15. OUTER CASING (for multi-cased wells) OR LINER (if applicable) FROM TO DIAMETER THICKNESS MATERIAL
ft. ft. in.
16. INNER CASING OR TUBING (geothermal closed-loop)
FROM TO DIAMETER THICKNESS MATERIAL
ft. ft. in.
ft. ft. in.
17. SCREEN FROM TO DIAMETER SLOT SIZE THICKNESS MATERIAL
ft. ft. in.
ft. ft. in.
18. GROUT
FROM TO MATERIAL EMPLACEMENT METHOD & AMOUNT
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
19. SAND/GRAVEL PACK (if applicable)
FROM TO MATERIAL EMPLACEMENT METHOD
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
20. DRILLING LOG (attach additional sheets if necessary) FROM TO DESCRIPTION (color, hardness, soil/rock type, grain size, etc.)
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
ft. ft.
21. REMARKS

22. Certification:
Signature of Certified Well Contractor Date By signing this form, I hereby certify that the well(s) was (were) constructed in accordance with 15A NCAC 02C .0100 or 15A NCAC 02C .0200 Well Construction Standards and that a copy of this record has been provided to the well owner.
23. Site diagram or additional well details: You may use the back of this page to provide additional well site details or well construction details. You may also attach additional pages if necessary. SUBMITTAL INSTUCTIONS 24a. For All Wells: Submit this form within 30 days of completion of well construction to the following: Division of Water Resources, Information Processing Unit, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
24b. For Injection Wells ONLY: In addition to sending the form to the address in
24a above, also submit a copy of this form within 30 days of completion of well construction to the following: Division of Water Resources, Underground Injection Control Program, 1636 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
24c. For Water Supply & Injection Wells:
Also submit one copy of this form within 30 days of completion ofwell construction to the county health department of the county whereconstructed.
For Internal Use ONLY:

Appendix VI – NCDEQ Environmental Monitoring Report Form