NCD980602163_20000223_Warren County PCB Landfill_SERB C_Secretary - Governor Correspondence, 1978 - 2000-OCR

JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
20301 MAIL SERVICE CENTER• RALEIGH, NC 27699-0301
February 23, 2000
Ms. Dollie Burwell, Chair
Citizens Advisory Board, Warren County
PCB Detoxification-Redevelopment Project
720 Ridgeway Street
Warrenton, NC 27589
Dear Ms. Burwell:
NC SCHOOLS 1=1rz.sr
IN AME(l.1~1\
2 0 I 0
Thank you for your January 20, 2000 letter on the Warren County PCB Landfill
Detoxification-Redevelopment Project. I am still as committed to the detoxification of the PCB
landfill in Warren County as I was last July when we last met to discuss its progress.
It is unfortunate that this state has experienced the worst natural disaster ever recorded
with Hurricane Floyd and its subsequent flooding, followed this winter by two weeks of winter
stonns. These disasters have placed a tremendous strain on the physical and financial resources of
this state. Many state programs and capitol budget items planned for the next two years gave up
funds to support the financial needs created by these disasters.
Some of the funds previously set aside for the detoxification project were used in support
of the hurricane relief package. However, we still have nearly $8 million set aside for the project,
pending receipt of some federal matching funds. It is critical that the Citizens Advisory Board
work with the DENR staff and other contacts, such as Congresswoman Eva Clayton's office, to
pursue federal matching funds immediately. In light of the funding situation, I have asked the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources to aggressively pursue other options, including
a phase-funded approach, to the detoxification of the landfill. This will allow the department to
enter into a contract to begin the detoxification project as soon as possible using the funds currently
available.
I have also asked my staff to continue to make this project a priority, and to keep me
informed of their progress. I will continue my efforts to achieve our goal of detoxification . Thank
you and the other members of the Citizens Advisory Board for the hard work you are doing.
My wannest personal regards .
JBH:mak
CC: Secretary Bill Holman
----~ cerely,
•
James B. Hunt Jr.
LOCATION: 116 WEST JoNrs SmEET • R.\I.EIGII. NC 27699-0301
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. J. Parker Barbour III
2053 Edgewood Avenue
Burlington, NC 27215
Dear Mr. Barbour:
September 28, 1998
Thank you for your facsimile seeking my support for cleanup of the Warren County PCB
Landfill.
I requested $15 million in my 1998-99 budget proposal to the General Assembly for
detoxification of the PCB Landfill using the BCD treatment technology selected by the Warren
County PCB Working Group. However, budget approval for this request is in the hands of the
Legislature.
I appreciate your interest in this issue.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sincerely,
James B. Hunt Jr.
Offices of the Governor
James B. Hunt Jr.
Governor
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
To: DENR Issue: ENV/Landfill
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-D
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: J. Parker Barbour, Ill
Title:
Organization:
Address: 2053 Edgewood Avenue
Burlington NC 27215
County: Alamance
Phone:
Case Details:
Country: USA
Email:
Fax requesting that the Warren County landfill be cleaned up.
__ Special Priority -Immediate Reply
__ For your Information I Copy and Return
Other
~Prepare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
Case Number: 1011702
Date Initialized: 8/19/98
Respond By: 9/9/98
Returned:
Closed:
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter.
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm. 1091 Admin. Bldg
Received By:
Date:
Action Taken:
Remarks:
J.PARKER BARBOUR Ill
2053 EDGEWOOD A VENUE
BURLINGTON, NC 27215
336-538-1124
SEND TO
GOVERNOR JIM HUNT
RALEIGH, NC
919-715-3175
l .... x __ __,I Urgent
Total pages, including cover:
COM:tvfEN""TS
□ ReplyASAP
7113198
336-538-1124
D Please comment D Please review
PLEASE DO WHAT YOU CAN TO HELP THE PEOPLE OF WARREN COUNTY MIO HA VE
ALREADY BEEN 'DUMPED' ON. DON'T LET OUR LEGISLATURE SLIGHT THESE PEOPLE
ANYMORE.
LET'S DO THE RIGHT TIIlNG AND CLEAN UP nns :MESS PROPERL y \VE HA VE A BEAUTIFUL
STATE. LET'S NOT RUlN IT. THANKS.
JAMES 8. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. and Mrs. Ken Ferruccio
Route 2, Box 163-J
Norlina, NC 27563-9625
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Ferruccio:
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
September 28, 1998
Thank you for providing me with a facsimile of your response to the News & Observer
article by Dr. Jerome Weber and Dr. Ross Leidy concerning the Warren County PCB Landfill.
I appreciate your continued interest in the landfill and hope that the General Assembly
will provide an avenue for detoxification.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sincerely,
James B. Hunt Jr.
Offices of the Governor
James B. Hunt Jr.
Governor
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
To: DENR Issue: Budget
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-0
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: Mr. and Mrs. Ken Ferruccio
Title:
Organization:
Case Number: 1004732
Date Initialized: 4/3/98
Respond By: 9/1/98
Returned:
Closed:
Address: €1iepcl ofthc Southern Llgl,ts ~d~~-.9e11te
POBOX913 -;e'~....1/~/p:?-;f'
;D.larreflton-~ NC ~7589 ;l,75",3-f°?t:l~
Counfy:-Wa~~.~v~--Count~~USA _______ _
Phone: Email:
Case Details:
RE: Separate Line Item for $250,000 Needed for Continous Independent Oversight in PCB
Detoxification Budget.
6/8/98 2nd ltr.
8/12/98 -faxes responding to argument by Jerome Weber , Crop Science, NCSU that the State is
to delay action at PCB landfill.
__ Special Priority -Immediate Reply
__ For your Information / Copy and Return
Other ~ Prepare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter.
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm. 1091 Admin. Bldg
Received By:
Date:
Action Taken:
Remarks:
., --.. •·r i i
To: Governor Jim Hunt rr.»
From· Ken Ferruceio (Q10) 267~2604 ~
Date: August 9, 1998
Subjset: RNponM to racent argument In "-W• And ObNrv•r t~at atate
delay action It PC■ t1ndflll
NLmber ci Paga•1: 7
Thia cover page
'
A 4-page responee to the argument by Jerome B. Weber, professor of er;· science at
N.C. State, and Ross B. Leidy, profeuor of toxicology at N.C. State Univer ,
that action on state's F>CB lanclfHI be delayed because of misconceptions the
need of knowledge Involving prtnctptn ot bloavallability and toxicity (see ": Ooes
PCB site need big cleanup?" Thi News And Observer, August 7, 1998 ) :
'
A 2-paga statement concemlng the significance of Weber's past lnvolvemet,t
concerning PCB issue j
_T _____ --·.
i
To: The News Media for Immediate ?ublication, State/EPA Officials 1 ~
From: Ken Ferruccio, Citizen of Warren County Concerned About PCBs """"'7"--.~~
Date: August 9, 1998
Subject: Anponse to or. Jerome Weber and Dr. Ross Leidy concerning
Landfill
Jerome B. Wflk»r, professor of crop acience at N.C. State University, and
Leidy, proftsaor Of toxicology at N.C. State, recently argued that the state hould delay
further action concerning "the PCB-laced soil storage site in Warren Cou ty" because
Of •miseonceptions• and" the dire need of knowledge invotving principles
bioavallatffly and toxicology.· and made three suggestions to Which I wo
respond ( -" OnM PCB site need big cteanup?"Tho News and c,t,.4tAft.l ...
1998).
l
SUggeatton 1: Determine the toxicity of the PClla by quantlfylnQ their
preNnce 1n llvtng organlema. I
If we delay cteto>Cffleatlon until we can quantify the presence of PCBs
in llvtng organieme, Will we have waited too long? How do we detQxlfy livt
organtsms? Furthermore, studies focusing on the kinds of PCBs In tM la
tocatiOna and htvllts of toxicity (based on chemical analySls rather than on
quanttficatton of PCBs In living organisms-the preferred technlQue of W
!
to determine toxicity) have already been conducted with sampling data q lity
anatyract and quality controlled. The PCB Working Group, consisting of ste offlcla18,
independent scientists, local ctttzens, and state environmental organizatl have
already been through two site lnvestl~tlons and two technical fUSlbllity s its.
ConclusiCJns: (a) About 30 ttiousand gallons of water a year is entering the andflll and
aoout 28 thOUSanct ganons of water a year is leaving the landfill, (b) It is nieaffy
feaaible to detoxify It, and (c) BCO (Base Catatyzed Decompo&itlon) sh0uldl!>9
implemented. Abr five years of dlacussion and analysis, the PCB Working f roup has
rightfutty concluded that It's time to detOxify. I
Weber and i..tdy a1ll19 tnat .. The flrat que1tlon that ahould be ••keel
about the toxicity (btoavall1blllty) of PCB In the aoll In the Wa,ten
County 11te ta • II the PCB blologlcally avallable?'" ,
The first .., rttnc I techntcal questton Is what chemicals does the landfill
entirety'? At INat 10% or the content8 or the landflll ts ur1(nown, more than
tructcloadl of waste having come from Fort Bragg. Tetra Dioxin (the cheml used in
Agent orange) has been lound In groundwater monitoring wells. How did Ti tra get
into the groundwater? What else 11 In the landftH? How will we know unleat
excavate and detoxify? ~
i
To be loglcalty conatetent with their position, Weber and Leidy would need t~teat to
find out if Tetra Oto~in Is btotoglcally available to llvtng organisms. Suppose at
scienttsts conclude on the basts ~ tNt data that Tetra is not biologically ava . able to
l
Page 2
living organisms in the groundwater at the Warren site. Would you drink t~
groundwater? Is It not reasonat>le to speculate that there are many Vietnam veterans
who would not? So what would be the point of the study? Dio)(in would sti, be
in groundwater in exoess of federal limits and legally requiring a cleanup. \
The authors1 position that yet another study is needed misses the point thi' the state's
detoxtftcatk>n commitment to the people or warren County is not continge
upon quantifytng the presence Of PCBs in living organisms but on demon ating
the technical feaslbility of detoxification. t
' I
The first legal question is wt'tether a documented social contract (written commitments
by Governor Jim Hunt, the General Aaaembly, and DENR to the people of ~anen
County that the PCB landflH would be detoxified when technically feasible)! is binding
in the state CA NOffll Carolina and whether it enhances the integrity and cr~ibllity of
the state at the 11th hour to Introduce alternative proposals (transporting ti,, materials
to Utah; further studies, etc.,) obvtousty meant to undermine public support :,Or funding
detoxification and to violate the detoxification commitment under the guise pf
responsible leadership. Slmpty put, When the Governor of North Carolina, fle General
Assembty, and the Department ct Natural Resources predicates the future qr a county
on the intlgrtty of Its word, on the integrity of its promise, that word, that pro'1isa,
means Just about ewrything to the people of that county, Strong leaders, 1.-s of
character, r1 lnt&grtty keep their word; leaders lacking theee eharacteriatie6 ~ not.
1
Other tegal questions abound. For example, Why Is atoXin sUII present in ~
groundwater monitoring wells in excess of federal limits and therefore in :
noncomp11anoe wttn federal reguIat1on1? Who authorized the construction ~ the
landfill without a leachate coHection system consisting of petf orated pipes ~-
that the landftH never functioned property? Who authorized the capping cf s dry
tomb landfill with hundreds of thouMnda of gallons of water in it? How has state
been able to remain in crtmtnal noncompliance regarding the status of this ndflll
since 1982? \
' Suggestion 2: Examine the soon-to-be published EPA dlapoul ;
regulatlana for PCB. \
Why'? l1c1M1H .. . . . the Envlronmental Protection Agency wm aopn
publllh new ••• atrtngent PCB dl1poeal regulatlon1 expected t~ reduce
annual Gllpolll COiia by $178 mllllon dollara."
\ Why shOuld we watt for even less strtngent PCB disposal regulations than t110ae that
praeentty facttttate the use of such intrlnstcalty inadequate sites as the one it,\ warren
County? The 1982 PCB demonetrattons were largely a response to EPA's tqrmulation
of te1s stringent regulations, regulations so flexible, so infinitely modifiable ff not to be
considered regulations at all, but rather mechanisms factlltatlng the acquisititln rA
------,..
Page 3
' sclentificalty inadequate but potiticaffy possible sites . Less stringent regul4tions will
!sew targeted and saamcec:t communities even less protected than at pr.nt. Do
Weber and Leidy believe that there is a positive correlation between less tlngent
regulations and stronger protection of groundwater, environmental quality, ianci the
public hMtth? The envtronmental justice movement emerged precisely bepau• of
EPA's relaxation of environmental regulations concerning site selection. ~ relaxation
of envtronmentat standards In the 1 seers enabled the state to take the Warten site,
and the relaxatton of standards in the 1990's will enable the state to keep 1·
i
Suggeetlon 3: .. • taak force at 11elentl•t• with knowledge •p=11 · ble to
th• eltultton, and free from flnanct11 gain• to be madt by decl one
rendttnld ehoutd be appointed to advlff and to make recom d1t1ona
that ■re envtronmtntally ut• and economleally aound." ·;
;
i The authors haw not astabll•hed the need for such a task force. They ha1uit•
arbitrarily attrbJted the eonetuslons of the PCB Working Group to miscon tions and
have implied a lack d integrity regarding its Independent scientists. But Ina of
presenting evtdeno8 that the PCB Working Group's conclusions are biased by self•
interest and baled on miacona,pttons, the authOrs oner their own biaSas afld
misconceptions • tor example, that BCD is not a more safe and effective so~ion than
otners, such as incineration. However, they cite neither studies nor aiteria. ;
Furthermore, a conaidtrabla amount of research exploding the safety9 cl
incineration is wetl known to many North Carolinians. For example, hazar us air
emleelone are generated durtng incineration as well as carcinogenic ash. One
of the authOrl' more Interesting misconceptions is that the PCB landfill la a lanclill.
Yet another mlsconceptton, and perhaps the most disturbing, is that further teatment of
the PCB landftU shoufd be delayed untll toxic enemaila ean ba quantified ift livtng . ' organ1tme. :
Thus far, Weber his presented two 11th hour proposals, both of wtuch hav• proVided
the state With rational• for delaying action. on January 23, 1979, then 9ectetary of
Crime Control and PUblle Safety Herbert Hyde requested EPA to delay '!.Su~slon
(due January 25. 1979) concerning the suitability of the Warren County slteifor PCB
disposal until altarnattvas c-.ould be oon1idered, one of which was Weber's ropoaat
(9N Bruce Sioetoff's " NC Officlals to Seek OK for Treating PCBs In GroLl'ld( The
News and ObHrver, Jan 27, 1979, Sec. 1, p.7.). On August 7, 1996, Weber~ Leidy
preNnted to the pubtlc an 11th hot.r rationale for delaying state action ~ming the
PCB problem, mus adding yet another argument (though hardly convincing~ for not
appropriating funds nNdad for detOxifieatlon_
Let me make my position clear so that \'here can be no doubt as to where I stand on
this IHue. The staw of North Carottna has held the people Of warren Cou*in
bondage to this tandrlll long enough. The PCB/dlO><ln experiment was lntri by a
sequence of bad faith, deception and breaches of law and ultimately by for . It
< < ._, --•--. ·----< ._ __ _
I l ;
I
! Page 4
j
continU81 to be sustained by what now appears to be an arrogant and un hed
effort to arbitrarily and capractousty use waste management officials, me of the
General Assembly, and state scientists to propose bogus alternatives to ification
as a means of wtnning publie support for violating the detoxification comm t to
Warren County and tor negating the mutually agreed on detoxification fra rk that
has Informed the effort of the PCB Working Group for the past five years. s an effort
will lead to ttttgatton In the hundrecas Of mimons of dOllars, litigation that wll=ae soul•
searching questions about the treatment of the peogle of Warran County, I · tion
backed by an acttvtsm Which, quite frankly, ts long overdue. i
' I
Having been Since 1978 dlrectly Involved in this issue as a researcher, =· · , an
activist, a cMt rights leader, as an educator, as press spokesman and ~ t of
Warren County Citizens Conctmed AbOut PCBs, and as former 00-Chalr of PCB
Werking Group, I nave arrtveel at the conclusion recently stated by one of ~rrie:an-
American neighbors: • It's like humans don't live hare " But humans do live re. This
will be sufflctlntty demonstrated In the coming months during this election n.
l
··--... . . ..
From: Ken FerrucciO A ... ~
Date: Al.9,l&t 9, 1998 (J...11. ... ,.c .. ~
To: The News Media Of North Carolina, State and EPA Officials
CC: The Environmentaf~s · Community
Subject: Dr. Jerome B. eber, professor of crop science at N.C . State:
i I
In January Of 1979, Or. Jerome B. Weber submitted to EPA a proposal for ;
in-place treatment of PCBs Hlegalty and dellberatety spilled along more ~n 21 o miles
of highway shoulders in fourteen oountles In No"h Carolina (see Bruce Sicteloff's
" N.C. Offldals to Seek OK for Treating PCB in Ground." The News and O~
Jan, 'Z'I, 1979, Sec. 1. p. 7.) l
i
Weber's argument was that the PCBs could be permanently neutraJlzed in place
by treattng them with activated camon. However, Siceloff's article seemed ¢,
contain a central ambiguity. At one point in the artide Weber seemed convthcect
that PCBs could be permanently neutralized by mixing the PCB contamina'9d
soil with activated carbOn. Yet, in the conclusion. Weber seemed tes.a earta'1:
< i After carbon treatment, Weber said, the roadside PCB strips ;
should be checked regular1y to ensure that the PCB does not l
contaminate nearby streams, plants, and animals.
It was obVIOus at the time that EPA woud not accept Weber's plan: ;
i
(1) The ortglnal amount of PCBs would not be decreased. Activated carbon: soil,
fertilizer for seeding fescue, and limestone would be increased until mere ~ould
be less than 500 parts d PCBs to millton parts of soil --in other words, until ~
state would no longer De required to spend money removing the PCBs fromj
the highway shoulders and tnJcklng them to an E?A approved site. !
Wabar claimed In his proposal (PCS In-Pisco Treatment) that the treatment\" will
greatly decrease the longevity of PCB, but enzymes produced by soil micr09rganIsms
will slowly find their way into the carbOn pores and degrade aome of the PQBs.
The adeltton ct fertilizer and Hmestone will ensure a good growth of fescue •nd may
encourage microbial breakdOwn of the PCBs. Activated carbon present in~·
soil wm probably al80 absorb PCB m8tabolites which are formed • so it is u ikely
that these WIii be taken up by the fescue. However, the continued monttorl of
plant and aolt samples is a must.• · '
(2) However, snortty attar Sieeloff's arttcle, the Sierra Club informed memb8"8 Of
Warren County Citizens Concerned About PCBs thAt EPA wa& ••riousty co idering
changing the minimum amount of PCB-soil concentrations that must be pick up
from five hundred parts Of PCBs per milliOn to 50 parts per million. It thereto
seemed unNkety that Ef>A would first attow the state to add tons of carbon a
soit to the PCBs along the roadaiaas until the PCB-1011 concentraliOn was UC8d
to something less that 500 parts per mHllon then later insist that even more 'f:>il
\
and carbon be added to get 50 parts per million, or that the original PCB
contaminated soil along with the cart>on and soil tnat had t>een aCld&d be
dug up and trucked to a safe site. The state seemed therefore to be using
Weber's proposal as a delay tactic, as a circus to entertain the public.
(3) Weber's claim that the PCBs would be permanently neutralized by the .
carbon waa simply a hypothesis to be tested by time. The plants Weber hac.,
grown in PCB contaminated soil mixed with carbon had shown no traces of;
PCBs, not beeauae the PCBs had lost their toxicity, or their propensity to ·
migrate, but simply because they had been temporarily neutrallzed, bonde<f
to the carbon molecules. However, what was needed was datoxlfleatiOn,
a technology that would transform all the PCBa into a harmless state,
Page 2
not permanent neutralization --the bondage of PCBs with carbon and perhflps the
degradation of •ome or the PCBs, wttn me possibility Of migration if the bOl!lds were
broken.
( 4) Waber'!I propoARI lacked a risk assessment. Weber did not specifically .
address what would be the Impact on public health and environmental .
quality if the PCB I carbon bond$ were broken because or natural occurrenqes such as
floods, leaving the PCBs free to migrate throughout the environment. Furthttrmore.
Weber's uncertainty was evident not only in the conclusion of Sicetoff's Nets
and Observw article but also In the eonctution of the propo~al: ·
However, the continued monitoring of plant and animal
monitoring Is a must.
(5) Would the state effectively monitor more than 21 o miles of PCB contami~ated
highway Shoulders for a very long period of time, and how valid was the .
hypothesis that the activated carbon would ewntually permanently nautrallte
the PCBs?
Of course, if we detay the detoxification 01 the warren County site until we can
quantify the presence of PCBs and dioxins within living organisms, will it ·
have been too late? How do we detoxify living organisms? Hasn•t this been:
our pojnt since 1978?
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Ms. Joann Almond, President
August 13, 1998
Stanly Citizens Opposed to Toxic Chemical Hazards
28836 Canton Road
Albemarle, NC 28001
Dear Ms. Almond:
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sin~erely, J= )
James B. Hunt Jr.
Offices of the Governor
James B. Hunt Jr.
Governor
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
To: DENR Issue: ENV/Landfill
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-D
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: Joann Almond
Title: President
Organization: Stanley Citiz. Opposes to Toxic Chem.Haz.
Address: 28836 Canton Road
Albemarle
County: Stanly
Phone:
NC 28001
Country: USA
Email:
Case Number: 1010079
Date Initialized: 7/22/98
Respond By: 8/11/98
Returned:
Closed:
Case Details: ~t
Please use your power to convince the legislature to include for the PCB dump clean up in
Warren County.
__ Special Priority -Immediate Reply
__ For your Information / Copy and Return
_father __ v P P 1repare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter.
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm. 1091 Admin. Bldg
Received By:
Date:·
Action Taken:
Remarks:
JOANH ALMOHD 7049929296
July 13, 1998
Dear Governor Hunt,
This letter is concerning the issue of the PCB dump in Warren County.
28836 Canion Road
Albemarle, NC 28001
Please use your power to convince the legislature to include the requested money in the budget to properly
clean up this du.mp.
These people have carried this burden long enough. In fact they should not have ever had this burden. Just
one more case of our state messing up the quality life in North Carolina
SCOTCH supports the people in Warren County.
Sincere~~~ ~ Almond, President
Stanly Citizens Opposed to Toxic Chemical Hazards
28836 Canton Road
Albemarle, NC 28001
--------------------------------------Phone: 7tJ4-982-JJOO Fax: [phone]
ti I •
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Victor D'Amato, P.E.
Conservation Chair
Capital Group Sierra Club
308 Glascock Street
Raleigh, NC 27604
Dear Mr. D'Amato:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sincerely,
James B. Hunt Jr.
Offices of the Governor
James B. Hunt Jr.
Governor
To: DENR
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-D
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: Victor D'Amato
Title: Conservation Chair
Organization: Capital Group Sierra Club
Address: 308 Glascock Street
Raleigh NC 27604
County: Wake
Phone:
Case Details:
Country: USA
RE: Funding for Warren County PCB Landfill Cleanup.
__ Special Priority -Immediate Reply
__ For your Information I Copy and Return
--/Other
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
Issue: ENV/Landfill
Email:
Case Number: 1010102
Date Initialized: 7/22/98
Respond By: 8/11/98
Returned:
Closed:
__ // Prepare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter. .
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm. 1091 Adm in. Bldg
Received By:
Date:
Action Taken:
Remarks:
July 15, 1998
Office of the Governor
116 W. Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603
Capital Group Sierra Club
308 Glascock Street
Raleigh, NC 27604
[phone]
Subject: Funding for Warren County PCB Landfill Cleanup
Dear Governor Hunt:
As Conservation Chair for the Capital Group of the Sierra Club (NC Chapter) which includes the
Chapter's Warren County membership, I write on behalf of all of our 2500 members in the capital
area. We would first like to thank you for including funding in your proposed budget to begin
cleanup of the PCB landfill site in Warren County. However, given the recent budget debates in
the NC legislature, we must also urge you to continue to support this funding and to push
aggressively to keep it intact in the budget.
There is a lot of work to be done to clean up the PCB waste site in Warren County and we
strongly believe that the cleanup must begin as soon as possible. The PCB site is a known
problem and its cleanup should be among North Carolina's highest priorities.
Thank you again for your support of the cleanup effort. Please feel free to contact me at the
address and phone number listed above or via e-mail at [e-mail].
Sincerely,
1)~~'
Victor D' Amato, P.E.
Conservation Chair
Capital Group Sierra Club
cc: State Senators in Capital Group area (via e-mail)
State Representatives in Capital Group area (via e-mail)
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Frederick Levitt
Packaging Products Corporation
PO Box 5039, Cole Park Plaza
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Dear Mr. Levitt:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sincerely,
James B. Hunt Jr.
,.,.
Offices of the Governor
James 8. Hunt Jr.
Governor
To: DENR
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-D
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: Frederick Levitt
Title:
Organization: Packaging Products Corp.
Address: PO BOX 5039
Cole Park Plaza
Chapel Hill
County: Orange
Phone:
Case Details:
NC 27514
Country: USA
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
Issue: ENV/Landfill
Email:
Case Number: 1009952
Date Initialized: 7 /20/98
Respond By: 8/7/98
Returned:
Closed:
Use your influence in the Legis. to obtain funding to clean up the PCB/dioxin landfill in Warren Co.
__ Special Priority-Immediate Reply
__ · For your Information I Copy and Return
Other
~repare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter.
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm. 1091 Admin. Bldg
Received By:
Date:
Action Taken:
Remarks:
: ::'(.
r-rs:u,T, .~acKaging Products Corp. PHONE NO. : 919 542 0082
tll7I Packaging Products Corporation L!l,I P.O. Box 5039, Cote Park Plaza
Otapel Hill, North Carofrna 27514
Frederick Levitt
OfftCE: [phone] FAX:(919)542~
Jul. 16 1998 09:02A . Pl
15 July 1998
Dear Gov. Hunt
I ask that you use your strongest influence in the Legislature
to obtain the necessary fund to clean up the PCB/dioxin landfill
in Warren County.
Th~nk you
____________ ......_ _____________ 1.._ _______ _:__.-1
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Len Stanley, MPH
North Carolina Alliance for Democracy
605-A NC Hwy. 54 West
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Dear Mr. Stanley:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sincerely,
James B. Hunt Jr.
Offices of the Governor
James B. Hunt Jr.
Governor
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
To: DENR Issue: ENV/Landfill
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-D
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: Len C. Stanl~y ~ .... ,,
Case Number: 380973
Date Initialized: 11/20/95
Respond By: an/98
Returned:
Closed:
Title: ,r/.t_, ~ 0 v ~
Organization: , _ J-
Address: ~ 10 LeF1g Shadow Plaqe (pCJ.s--~ ye,~· 0--r/--t/.Av"-'
-----~~ffi-a_!C~771S_37~/p ____ _
County: ,. Durham ~ Country: USA .
Phone: Email:
Case Details:
OPPOSES THE LL DUMP.
7/20/98 -rr from 3, GOCA, to 580. Urges allocation of funds to clean up PCB dump
__ Special Priority -Immediate Reply
__ For your Information I Copy and Return
Other
,._,........Prepare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter.
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm. 1091 Admin. Bldg
Received By:
Date:
Action Taken:
Remarks:
NORTH CAROLINA ALLIANCE FOR DEMOCRACY
60.S-A NC Hwy. 54 West, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 TEL (9l9) 967-1699 FAX (919) 967~7.S95
email: NCAD@ mindsprina.com Website: http://www.rtpnct.org/-allianc:e
To: Gove=nor James Hunt
From: Len Stanley <[e-mail]>
Subject: Money to clean up PCB dump
Cc:
Bee:
X-Attachments:
Governor James B Hunt
NC General Assembly
FAX [phone]
Dear Governor Hunt,
I want to urge you to allocate the full amount
slated to be used to clean up the PCB landfill which is
leaking dangerous chemicals into our land and water.
I was one of the thousands of citizens who protested
in the early 80's when this happened -and we predicted that
it would leak. Now it is unconscionable that the
non-"solution" that was enacted has created yet another
dangerous situation, much more expensive to clean up, and
our elected leaders are refusing to allocate the money
necessary to correct it!
Protecting the health of our citizens should be one
of the TOP priorities of our state government -ESPECIALLY
when the government-proposed solutions have resulted in
dangerous and risk-producing circumstances.
Thank you for your URGENT consideration to this
issue.
Si,~,~~~££~ /
~tanley, M~
NC Alliance for Democracy Coordinator
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Ms. Miriam Lieberman
2429 Old Greensboro Highway
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Dear Ms. Lieberman:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sin:erely, ~ ✓
James B. Hunt Jr.
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Victor D'Amato, P.E.
Conservation Chair
Capital Group Sierra Club
308 Glascock Street
Raleigh, NC 27604
Dear Mr. D'Amato:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sin~erely, J:= )
James B. Hunt Jr.
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Frederick Levitt
Packaging Products Corporation
PO Box 5039, Cole Park Plaza
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Dear Mr. Levitt:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Si~cerely,J= j
James B. Hunt Jr.
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Len Stanley, MPH
North Carolina Alliance for Democracy
605-A NC Hwy. 54 West
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Dear Mr. Stanley:
August 13 , 1998
Thank you for your recent letter regarding funding for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
in Warren County.
I included $15 million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification
of the PCB Landfill using the base catalyzed decomposition treatment technology recommended
by the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group and its science advisors.
Funding for this project is now largely in the hands of the General Assembly.
I appreciate your interest in this issue and encourage you to let your legislative
representatives know of your support for funds to detoxify the PCB Landfill.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
James B. Hunt Jr.
i ...
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Ms. Lori Monsewicz
Mr. Brad Davis
The Repository
500 Market Avenue S
Canton, OH 44702
Dear Ms. Monsewicz and Mr. Davis:
August 13, 1998
Thank you for your recent letter seeking my views on governmental responsibility toward
toxic landfills. This is an issue that states across the nation are trying to resolve.
The State of North Carolina owns the PCB Landfill in Warren County. When PCB
contaminated oil was illegally dumped along more than 200 miles of roads in 14 counties in
North Carolina in the late 1970s, the state had several options for dealing with the soil: leave it
in place, transport it out of state, or construct a landfill for it in North Carolina. State officials
felt that scraping the roadsides to remove the contaminated soil would be most protective of
public health and the environment. We chose to construct a special landfill designed to hold the
PCB contaminated soil in North Carolina rather than ship it to another state.
In 1982, I wrote an open letter to the citizens of Warren County stating that the state
would push for detoxification of the landfill when and if the appropriate and feasible technology
was developed. Following my re-election to the Office of Governor in 1992, the Joint Warren
County/State PCB Landfill Working Group was established to see what technologies might be
available to detoxify the landfill contents. With the assistance of two independent science
advisors and the state, a study of the landfill was conducted, a variety of technologies were
screened, and the Working Group chose base catalyzed decomposition (BCD) to detoxify the
contaminated soil.
Earlier this year, in an effort to keep the state's promise to Warren County, I included $15
million in my budget request to the General Assembly for detoxification of the PCB Landfill
using the BCD technology. Funding for this project is now in the hands of the General
Assembly.
f ...
Ms. Lori Monsewicz and Mr. Brad Davis
Page 2
August 13, 1998
The state does not believe that the PCB Landfill poses any current threat to public health
and the environment; however, we would like for the contents to be detoxified to remove any
potential future threat.
Thank you for your interest in this issue.
My warmest personal regards.
JBH/wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Waste Management
Sincerely, -------
'
James B. Hunt Jr.
I q
Offices of the Governor
James B. Hunt Jr.
Governor
Correspondence Unit
733-5811
To: DENR Issue: ENV/Landfill
Attn: Rosalind Kamara
Building: Archdale
Room: 1419-D
Phone: 5-4153
Email:
Name: Lori Monsewicz & Brad Davis
Title:
Organization: The Repository
Address: 500 Market Avenue ..S ~~
&canton ~~ ~ 44702
County: tuft~ 1-A±,$ Country: USA
Phone: Email:
Case Details:
Case Number: 1010337
Date Initialized: 7/28/98
Respond By:8/15/98
Returned:
Closed:
We would appreciate your views on what you feel is the government's moral responsibility to
residents when it comes to such environmental disasters as toxic landfills. (the group read the
recent story on the AP wire which featured your views on the landfill in Warren County and your
efforts to detoxify it)
__ Special Priority-Immediate Reply
__ For your Information / Copy and Return
--/Other
_J/_ Prepare reply suitable for Governor's signature and return.
__ Acknowledge stating Governor's referred -Return letter and copy of constituents letter.
__ Draft reply suitable for secretary or agency head signature and return to Rm . 1091 Adm in. Bldg
Received By:
Date:
Action Taken:
Remarks: -
THE REPOSITORY
22 July 1998
500 Market Ave. S
Canton, Ohio 44 702
[phone] Ext. 309
Fax: [phone]
Governor Jim Hunt
State Capitol
Raleigh, N.C. 27603
Dear Governor Hunt;
We are working on a story about the Industrial Excess Landfill here in Uniontown,
Ohio. The landfill is a federal Superfund site containing 30 acres of toxic waste and
possibly radioactive material.
A "cleanup" plan by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was expected 1 5
years ago, but to date has not begun. Meanwhile, the EPA has confirmed waste has
contaminated residents' ground water.
Attorneys for the U.S. EPA and four rubber manufacturers accused of dumping the
waste have been meeting in behind-closed-door sessions before U.S. District Judge John
M. Manos in Cleveland. The judge has barred residents from attending and attorneys are
claiming they are under a "gag order," which no one can produce.
Residents are seeking a legal means of intervention. They not only want to know
what is actually buried in the landfill, they want it cleaned up.
A recent story on the Associated Press wire featured your views on the landfill in
Warren County and your efforts to "detoxify" the site.
We would appreciate your views on what you feel is the government's moral
responsibility to residents when it comes to such environmental disasters as these
toxic landfills. What have you done to ensure your constituents' safety and the safety of
generations to come? What do you think our officials could or should do?
We would appreciate a timely reply as we are on a Friday deadline. Thank you for
your time and consideration.
SinceFJ' .
~)¾u~~
Lori M;hs~wicQ Brad Davis
• 500 MARKET AVE. S., CANTON, OH 44702-2193 • PHONE : [phone] l • FAX: [phone]
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
July 26, 1996
Mr. and Mrs. Ken Ferruccio, Co-Directors
Chapel of the Southern Lights
PO Box 913
Warrenton, NC 27589
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Ferruccio:
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the establishment of the
· Chapel of the Southern Lights. I appreciate your informing me of your
activities.
My warmest personal regards.
Sincerely,
James B. Hunt Jr.
JBH:wlm
A ~ ff • GOVERNOR AND SECRETARY LOG LETTERS
TO: ':llt/;;_~ 2 . · DATE: 11[),/l(a
FROM: Pat Williamson RESPOND BY: _____ _
Pl~raft a reply forGo~efllor's signature and return to me
Reply, noting the letter_:was referred to the division by the Governor. Prepare·
response for William L. Meyer's signature (copy to Governor and Secretary)
Draft a reply for Secretary's (or Deputy or Asst. Secretary) signature and return to me
Reply, noting the letter was referred to the division by the Secretary (or Deputy or Asst.
Secretary). Prepare response for William L. Meyer's signature (copy to Secretary or as
appropriate)
Format Instructions for Governor
Date -center 3 spaces below Office of the
Governor ·
"<
Indent paragraphs 5 spaces
Ragged right margin -nojustified fight
margm
· Last paragraph, last sentence -My ·
warmest personal regards
Sincerely, (5 spaces to right of center)
James B. Hunt Jr. (on 4th line, no comma
between Hunt and Jr.)
Reference initials JBH:wlm
If enclosure -on this line
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
Format Instructions for Secretary
(Deputy and Asst. Secretary)
Date -center at top
Indent paragraphs_ 5 spaces
Ragged right margin -no justified right
margm
Sincerely, (5 spaces to right of center)
Jonathan B. Howes (on 4th line)
Secretary
Reference initials JBH:wlm
If enclosure -on this line
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
General Instructions
Use abbreviations in address based on
postal directions (i.e., PO Box, NC, ST,
AVE, etc.)
Type draft response on plain white paper,
put in folder with original letter and return
to Pat Williamson. Also put draft response
on the "i" drive of computer in "for pat"
folder. Pat will do any necessary editing,
get division approval, and prepare final
letter on letterhead.
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'
ecumenical · educai;icm ~
environmental
arts
Dear Friends,
We want to briefly share with you our vision of the work we are planning to continue
and to thank those who have worked and are continuing to work with us to help set
safe and just precedents for environmental policies in North Carolina and the
Southeast. Meaningful and lasting social change nec~ssitates changing the hearts
and minds of the general public through creative forms of education. We have
therefore come to the conclusion that we need to broaden the scope of our
educational efforts through art forms such as video, theater, and music.
Presently, with seed money from the Bishop of the Diocese of North Carolina's
Jesse Ball Dupont Award, we are planning a video production focusing on lessons to
be learned froni the precedent-setting ·Warren County PCB/ dioxin landfill
crisis_ This video will presenfifmulfipfic1ty o-f issues ana-perspective_s related
to environmental justice and pollution prevention. Our intention is to provide the
kind of video production that will encourage a radical reassessment of North
Carolina's prevailing model for economic industrial development --the "regardless
of public sentiment" model, the waste expansion model that transforms targeted
communities into EPA "sacrifice zones" for toxic, hazardous, and nuclear waste
facilities. Three years ago, Carolyn Coleman, Assistant Administrator to Governor Jim
Hunt, attended an emergency public hearing in Warren County concerning the 1.5
million gallons of contaminated water in the PCB/ dioxin landfill and told citizens,
"As Warren County goes, so goes the state of North Carolina."
Ms. Coleman is correct. Warren County's "state of the art" PCB / dioxin leaking
·. landfill crisis reflects North Carolina's larger waste management crisis, especially
concerning the proposed siting of the nation's largest nuclear waste facility, just
twenty-two miles from Raleigh. For more than three years now, a Joint Committee
of local citizens, state officials, environmental groups. and independent scientists
have been formulating a response to the PCB / dioxin landfill crisis, and the committee
is still formulating a response. How much time will there be to formulate a response to
preclude widespread nuclear contamination when nuclear waste escapes
containment at the nuclear storage facility or along transportation corridors?
The state's "regardless of public sentiment" policy sparked the civil rights movements
of 1982 and 1983 concerning the PCB / dioxin landfill and continues to prevent
its cleanup. This "regardless of public sentiment" policy is arrogant, irresponsible, and
unacceptable and is intended to sacrifice North Carolina as a whole to the nuclear
waste industry. Close to one hundred million dollars has been spent trying to license
the largest nuclear waste facility in the nation, a massive operation that would surely
need to seek high volumes of nuclear waste from across the nation and around the
world to be economically viable.
Deborah and Ken Ferruccio
Co-Directors
P.O. Box 913
Warrenton, NC 27589 [phone] & Fax
' The fate of North Carolina, the Southeast, and nation rests on this generation, on the
decisions that we make or choose not to make. But there is really no escaping our
responsibility. Not to choose ls to choose by default. We can begin by cautioning
the state that it is greatly underestimating the significance and power of public
sentiment. In a democracy, :ttw expression of public sentiment is the expression of the
will of the people. And the will of the people is the true source of sovereignty, the true
source of political power in a democratic society. This belief is fundamental to our
aspiration for freedom, upon which our dignity, our spiritual aspirations, and our ·
economic and environmental survival depend. We are facing a profoundly serious
crisis because the state, having in 1982 and 1983 un9erestimated the significance
and power of public sentiment concerning the Warren County PCB / dioxin landfill, is
presently underestimating the significance and power of public sentiment concerning
the proposed nuclear waste facility.
Do we continue to subsidize a nuclear power industry whose reactors last only twenty
years but whose waste lasts in perpetuity? Do we continue to stand by while
communities are knowingly and willfully sacrificed with the backing of law to
accommodate politicians' and industries' short-term needs? The goal of educating
the public and making its public sentiment count is formidable. We can only hope to
accomplish this goal by continuing to work together.
Through our chapel we hope to achieve a synthesis of Southern Lights, a coalescence
of members of the ecumenical community, educators, environmentalists, painters,
musicians, artists, philosophers, civil rights leaders, carpenters, plumbers,
landscapers, farmers, factory workers, people from all walks of life and of all races, rich
and poor, young and old, those energized with hope, and those paralyzed with
despair, those who are healthy, and those who are ill, all who believe in the power of
an informed and enlightened public sentiment to overcome the forces of nihilism.
·. Finally, we want to thank all the ecumenical and environmental groups who have
worked with us and who are continuing to work with us. We are especially grateful to
so many people in the Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina, to the Episcopal Church
Women, to Christian Social Ministries, and to the Coalition for Social Witness who
have supported our ecumenical environmental work and whose seed monies have
enabled us to grow into the Chapel of the Southern Lights.
We will be calling on many of you concerning input and interviews for our upcoming
video production.
Faithfully,
f}tb17tJJ.JCl/hd ldw ~
Deborah and Ken Ferruccio
Copies: . . .
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor of North Carolina
Joan Weld, Administrative Chief of Staff for Governor James B. -Hunt, Jr.
Carolyn Coleman, Assistant Administrator to Governor Jim Hunt
Jonathan B. Howes. NC Secretary of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
Bill Meyer. Director, NC Division of Solid Waste
John Hankinson, EPA Regional Administrator, Atlanta
Dollie Burwell. Co-Chair, Joint Warren County State PCB Landfill Working Group
Henry Lancaster, Co-Chair, Joint Warren County State PCB Landfill Working Group
Daria Holcomb, Musician
Patrick Barnes, Scientist, Joint Warren County State PCB Landfill Working Group
Dr. Joel Hirschhorn. Scientist, Joint Warren County State PCB Landfill Working Group
Pauline Ewald, Scientist, Environmental Compliance Organization
Congresswoman Eva Clayton. North Carolina
Senator Frank Ballance, North Carolina
Clarece Gaylord, National Director EPA Environmental Justice
Dr. Robert D. Bullard, Director, Environmental Justice Resource Center
Vivian Jones. Director of EPA Environmental Justice, Region IV, Atlanta
Charles.Lee, United Cr,1.m:h of Christ Commission ior Racial Justice
Rev. Leon White. United Church of Christ
Connie Tucker, Executive Director, Southern _Organizing Committee
Angela Brown, Greenpeace
John Roe Steverson, Warren County Civil Rights Activist and Vocalist
Ethan Fladd . Peace and Justice Ministries Associate, National Episcopal Church
Therese Vick. Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League
Billie Elmore, North Carolina Waste Awareness Reduction Network
Jim Warren, North Carolina Waste Awareness Reduction Network
Lois Gibbs, Citizens' Clearing House for Hazardous Waste
Ron Nixon. The Institute for Southern Studies
Nan Freeland . The North Carolina Clean Water Fund
Mary McDowell, Chatham County Citi_zens
Dr. Roseanne Edenhart-Pepe, Ground Zero, Apex, NC
Pete Seeger, Folk Musician and Social Justice Activist
David S. Bernz, Attorney, Musician, People's Music Network
Perry Robinson, Musician. People's Music Network
Julia Hikory, Joyful Noise Productions
Scott Evans. Chairperson. Environmental Stewardship Committee. Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
· Bishop Robert Johnson, Jr., Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Bishop Robert Estill, Retired Bishop of The Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Bishop Gary Gloster, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
The Rev. Canon Vicki Wesen, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Shara Partin, Prasid8r.t, Ep:sc~pal Church v.,~o;ne~, Ep:scopa: Dic,case o•i i•~~arth Caroiina
Jamie Boyll, National Episcopal Environmental Stewardship Team
The Rev. Ted Malone. Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Ann Thompson, Chairperson. Christian Social Ministries, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
The Rev. Barbara Armstrong, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
The Rev. Tom Feamster, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Jim Creech, Program Director, North Carolina Council of Churches
Julia Elsie, Diocesan Council, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Patrick O' Neal, St. Martin de Porres Catholic Workers
Margaret Baker, Director, Land Stewardship Council of North Carolina
Dr. Robert Cox. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill / Executive Director. Sierra Club
L.C. Cooper. Senior Warden, All Saints' Episcopal Church, Warrenton, North Carolina
The Rev. Frank Gose, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Vicki Lehman, General Production Assistant, Chapel of the Southern Lights
Mick Harrison, Richard Condit, Greenlaw
Tracey Dalton. Representative. Chapel of the Southern Lights
Robert Lehman, Building and Horticulture Project Director, Chapel of the Southern Lights
MRR C:'::l '=lb ~k'.; 1 4 r'l'I t.Hl'iK • r'UJ:iL.l\-Hr r Hl.i"':~
State of North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Jomes B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathon 8. Howes, Secretory
Ms. V. Alfreda Jordan•Webb
Warren County Manager
130 North Main Street
P 0Box619
Warrenton, NC 27589
Dear Ms. Jordan-Webb:
NA
DEHNA
I am pleased to inform you that the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working
Group is continuing to make progress toward detoxifying the PCB landfill. The Working Group
has selected a technology that has the potential to decompose the PCB in the landfill. In order to
determine if the technology is appropriate and feasible, the Working Group has recommended a
pilot-scale test of the technology on the PCB landfill site. One company has received approval
from the USEPA for a pilot-scale test project. The company has indicated that it needs electrical
power to operate various motors and other devices for the pilot-scale test. The Working Group
requested that CP&L design the electrical supply system for providing this service. On March 8,
1996, CP&L submitted an invoice for electrical service in the amount of$64,384.15. The
W orkin.g Group needs to continue the progress we are making toward detox.ificafam. It is
essential that electrical utilities be constructed as soon as practicable.
Funds are available for capital improvements, including utility modifications, through
the Solid Waste Grant awarded to Warren County on March 22, 1994. It is requested that
Warren County fund the enclosed invoice for electrical utility service for the PCB landfill from
the Solid Waste Grant.
The Department is pleased with and supports the efforts of the Working Group. We look
forward to the continuing development of our partnership with the Working Group, Warren
County and the State as we seek to resolve the challenge of detoxification of the PCB landfill.
L\~~~~-~
Jonathan B. Howes
JBH/wlm
-.-. . . . P,. 0. Box 27687. Raleigh. North Carolina 276 l l-7687 Telephone 919-71~4100
, , ; :\ (; ' : f!Yf ~u_cl Qpportunity Affirmotiv~. Actl,on Employer _ --._ 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer po per ··.--· ... :/•./,:\r;.:)("_·::·:'.-':/r~~)\/·:':!:.\•·,-'~·· .. ··.: :.· -': .· ... ·: ·. '.'• .••· .•··-: .. r .. , .. · •,,• ·'--: '··:·•"_' . . . . . .
Carolina Power & Light Company
602 Raleigh Road
Henderson, North Carolina 27536
Invoice
March 8, 1996
Mrs. Pat Williamsn
North Carolina Division of Solid Waste Management
401 Oberline Road
Raleigh, NC 27605
Cost for providing 3 phase primary to the PCB Landfill on NCSR 1604,
~v~••i..u
So\\6 ~as\e
~~R 11 1%~
Warren County, North Carolina* ................................................................................. $62,508.88
Utilities Tax............................................................................................................... 1 875 .27
$64,384.15
* Cost does not include any transformation, secondary service, metering. To be billed
. spearately.
Please send payment to:
Barry N. Davis
602 Raleigh Road
Henderson, NC 27536
.... " State of North Carolina
Deportment of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Legislative & Intergovernmental Affairs
JomE-s B. Hunt. Jr .. Governor
Jonathon B. Hm-ves. Secretory
Henry h/1. Lancaster 11 , Director
June I, 1995
Mr. Jonathan B. Howes
Secretary
Department of Environment, Health, & Natural Resources
5 12 North Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604-1 148
Dear Secretary Howes:
The Joint Warren County and State PCB Landfill Working Group respectfully request
your consideration of the matter of continuing institutional and infrastructure support
for the Warren County PCB Landfill. A motion was unanimously passed by the group
during the May 18, 1995 meeting requesting your as sistance in formalizing the
institutional support and infrastructure for the PCB Landfill.
Our request echoes the recommendations of the first Intergovernmental Working
Group on PCB Detoxification whose final report on 12/12/84 stated that "a
mechanism should be established within state government to continue surveillance in
PCB detoxification, with representation from the appropriate state agencies as well as
liaison with EPA, Warren County and the research community" and "program for
routine maintenance", "regular monitoring", necessary funding and supporting statutory
authority should be provided".
The existence of the Joint Warren County and State PCB Working Group is a part of
this commitment, however, the continuation of the Working Group, budgetary
commitment for continued operation and maintenance of the landfill, budgetary
commitment for community technical assistance, and DEHNR, DOA, and DOT staff
continuity are not formalized. We believe formalizing this institutional budgetary
support, and the required infra structural responsibilities, are necessary. In addition to
taking formal budgetary steps in the current Department budget, we recommend that
the Department begin plans for inclusion of the PCB Landfill in the Supplemental
Budget.
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer paper
•,,'.
Mr. Jonathan B. Howes
June I, 1995
Page Two
. .,
The .Working Group encourages the current review and testing of detoxification
opti~ns for the PCB Landfill, however, we must strongly request the State of North
Carolina, as the owner/operator of this federally-permitted facility, to maintain and
strengthen its responsibility for oversight and budgetary commitment to the PCB
Landfill now and throughout its continued existence. We pl edge our as sistance in any
way.
Sincerely,
/7 .•, J;; ·, s ' f l((,; /('U / ( L C-._ . ...__. / /'-v '-\_L -L__.
Dollie Burwell
Co-Chair
Ken Ferruccio,
Co-Chair
b~~
Co-Chair
Mr. Jonathan B. Howes
Secretary
Department of Environment, Health, and Ne
512 North Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604-1148
Dear Secretary Howes:
June 1, 1995
Phone# Phone#
Fax# /5 3-0u..0 Fax#
The Joint Warren County and State PCB Landfill Working Group respectfully
request your consideration of the matter of continuing institutional and infrastructure
support for the Warren County PCB Landfill. A motion was unanimously passed by the
group during the May 18, 1995 meeting requesting your assistance in formalizing the
institutional support and infrastructure for the PCB Landfill.
, .
Our request echoes the recommendations of the first Intergovernmental Working
Group on PCB Detoxification whose final report on 12/12/84 stated that "a mechanism
should be established within state government to continue surveillance in PCB
detoxification, with representation from the appropriate state agencies as well as liaison
with EPA, Warren County and the research community" and "should continue with the
responsibility being clearly set forth both in the record and in public."
The existence of the Joint Warren County and State PCB Working Group is a
part of this commitment, however, the continuation of the Working Group, budgetary
commitment for continued operation and maintenance of the landfill, budgetary
commitment for community technical assistance, and DEHNR, DOA, and DOT staff
continuity are not formalized . We believe formalizing this institutional budgetary
support, and the required infrastructural responsibilities, are necessary. In addition to
taking formal budgetary steps in the current Department budget, we recommend that
the Department begin plans for inclusion of the PCB Landfill in the Supplemental
Budget.
The Working Group encourages the current review and testing of detoxification
options for the PCB Landfill, however, we must strongly request the State of North
Carolina, as the owner/operator of this federally-permitted facility, to maintain and
strengthen its responsibility for oversight and budgetary commitment to the PCB Landfill
now and throughout its continued existence. We pledge our assistance in any way.
Sincerely,
Dollie Burwell, Ken Ferruccio,
and Henry Lancaster
Co-Chairs
r.
State of North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
The Honorable Eva M. Clayton
Congress of the United States
House of Representatives
222 Cannon Building
Washington, DC 20515-3301
Dear Representative Clayton:
May 2, 1995
Thank you for your recent letter stating your concerns, on behalf of your
constituents, about the Warren County PCB Landfill.
I want to assure you that protecting both the health and environment of Warren
County's citizens is of utmost concern to me and this department. If we felt there was
any real indication of leakage from the landfill, we would have taken major steps
already to protect the citizens in the general area.
During July 1994, a sampling event was conducted at the landfill by state
officials and staff to the science advisor hired by the Joint Warren County and State
PCB Landfill Working Group. The state used an extremely sensitive method to analyze
the samples. The science advisor's lab used a less sensitive method. This resulted in
some differences that were puzzling and inconclusive to state officials and scientists
who reviewed the data. However, we do not believe that the findings indicate leakage
from the landfill. The state proposed an immediate resampling, but the PCB Working
Group did not support it.
As part of the state's on-going commitment to the Warren County community,
and in preparation for any potential detoxification tests or p~ojects, two separate
projects are currently being designed by my staff. These projects will be presented to
the Joint Warren County and State PCB Landfill Working Group for advice and
support. The first plan is to install additional groundwater monitoring wells so that we
can extend our chemical surveillance capability on the groundwater surrounding the
landfill. These wells are a type of detection system. If there were any leakage from the
landfill, it would show up first in the monitoring wells.
My staff is also proposing to extend the periodic drinking well sampling program
for the three-mile zone around the PCB Landfill. The design of this additional sampling
effort will be completed soon and presented to the Working Group for review.
P. 0. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/10% post-consumer paper
The Honorable Eva M. Clayton
May 2, 1995
Page 2
Please be assured that we will keep you advised and would notify your office
rapidly if there was evidence of the PCB Landfill impacting the health of the citizens of
Warren County.
Sincerely
~::o~e:~
Secretary
JBH:wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
Henry Lancaster, Director
Legislative and Intergovernmental Affairs
Govemor Hunt's and Secretary Howes' Log Letters
TO: M
FROM: Pat WDliamson
Dm•#-
Respond by: 1j«o)CJ5
PJcasc: Draft a reply for Secretary Howes' signature and return to me. . . Z Reply, noting the letter ~ referred to the Division by Secretary Howes. Prepare response for
William L Meyer's signature, (copy Secretary Howes).
Draft a reply for the Governor's signature and return to me.
Reply, noting the Jetter was referred to the Division by Governor Hunt. Prepare response for
William L Meyer's signature (Copy Governor Hunt and Secretary Howes)
FORMAT INSTRUCTIONS FOR
Governor Hunt's Letters
Date -center three (3) spaces below Office
of the Governor, always use a date that the
Governor ls in State-see list)
Indented paragraphs five (5) spaces
Ragged right margin -.!!! justified right margin.
Last 1, last sentence -My warmest personal regards.
Sincerely, (five spaces to right of center)
James B. Hunt, Jr. (on fourth line)
Reference initials JBH:wlm
If enclosure -on this line
cc: William L Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
Do not use abbrnfatlons In addmses, Always
write out Post Office Box, Street and State.
Type Draft on plain bond paper, once approved
by Division, type on Governor's letterhead and
prepare a Governor's envelope with address on it.
JoginstJtr)
FORMAT INSTRUCTIONS FOR
Secretary Howa' Letters
Date -center at top (always postdate letter five (5)
working days beyond date you submit to Division.
Indented paragraphs five (5) spaces.
Ragged right margin -.!!! justified right margin.
. Sincerely, (five spaces to right of center)
. Jonathan B. Howes (on fourth line)
. ·Secretary
Reference initials JBH:wlm
If enclosure -on this line
cc: William L Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
Type Draft on plain bond paper, once
approved by the Division, type on Secretary's
letterhead and prepare an envelope with
address on it.
..
Inquiry Trackin~ Sheet
Legislative & Intergovernmental Affairs
Henrv M Lancaster IT-Director
# CJt.T t: -!Jo 19 Secretary's Office, Governor's Office
Asst. Secretary / Division
Date Rec'd Lf / t Due Date I/// J
Corresponden~e Submitted by u S -/e/ /f/4u/49for
Subject: Jct; /...,u~A I~ U,/~UJ ,I
Action: /44-~ ~ ~ µ/ £;d~
~/£~~~
Assistant Secretary __ £.___~-'---~---"'--
Date Rec'd f-0-9'_) Due Date ____ _
Rec'dby,k ~ ~ --=
Note:
Divisionof 2JJLJ~ M2 ~
D,t,Reo'd#::"J Log Out Date. ___ _
Rec'd by __________ _
Remarks:
ccto: ;/~ )_~
... · . ~' ., . ,,. ··. ,·, ... (
. -_·. ' .
· · /onathan B. Howes ·
· . Secreta·ry of Environment, ._ < Health, and Natural Resources · ·. ·
·= .·fb~~ffi~4S
·. RESPOND BY:. ___________ _
· PLEASE:
REMARKS:
:',: . ~t ~ reply fur my signature and re~m to me.
__ Reply, noting the letter was referred lo you by
· me (ropy to Secretary's Office).
__ ._ Draft a reply fur the G>Vemor's signature and
. . return to me .
. __ . Reply, noting the letter was referred lo you by
Governor HWlt (ropy lo Secretary's Office)
__ For your information.
__ Take appropriate action.
Note and file.
__ Note and retum lo me.
· _. __ Note and see me aboqt this.
__ Your comments and/or rerommendations.
512 N. Salisbury Street . Raleigh 27604 . [phone]
EVA M. CLAYTON
1 ST DISTRICT, NORTH CAROLINA
COMMITTEES:
AGRICULTURE
SUBCOMMITTEES: C!Congress of tbe Wnito&ll-$tates--
SPEC!ALTY CROPS ANO NATURAL RESOURCES
ENVIRONMENT, CREDIT AND RURAL
DEVELOPMENT
DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS ANO
NUTRITION
~ouge of l\epregent lti-/0i \~k i~ETARY
mlasbington, iJB(I[: 20515-p301
SMALL BUSINESS
...
March 30, 1991> i ~ 6 1995
SUBCOMMITTEES:
PROCUREMENT. TAXATION ANO
TOURISM
RURAL ENTERPRISES. EXPORTS ANO
THE ENVIRONMENT
The Honorable Jonathan B. Howes
Secretary
State of North Carolina
EN'Jl,'.ON MENT, ,-IEHTH
AND N.t.,TUF<AL~~SOURCES
REFERRED TO
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
512 North Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Dear Secretary Howes:
WASHINGTON OFFICE:
222 CANNON BUILDING
WASHINGTON, DC 20515
[phone]
DISTRICT OFFICES:
134 N. MAIN STREET
WARRENTON. NC 27589
(9191 257-4800
400 WEST 5TH STREET
GREENVILLE. NC 27834
[phone]
1-800-274-8672
I am writing to you on behalf of my constituents in Warren
County, North Carolina, who are concerned over chemicals found in
their drinking water. These chemicals -Dioxin, Furans, and
PCB's -are known carcinogens. Even though there were only
"traces" of these chemicals in the water, it is my understanding
that no amount, no matter how minute, is safe. These chemicals
are a result of leakage from the landfill in Warren County.
Twelve years ago, when the landfill was sited in Warren County,
the citizens were assured that there would be no leakage and the
landfill posed no threat to the community. My constituents
believe they are at risk since there is obviously some leakage at
this time which promotes these chemicals in the water supply.
The citizens are requesting that the landfill be detoxified and
closed. I believe this request is reasonable under the current
circumstances.
I would appreciate your personal investigation into this matter
and your providing me with a report on any action your department
will initiate to rectify the problem of these particular
chemicals in the drinking water. I am hopeful that action can be
taken to the satisfaction of all parties involved, and I will
look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
Ef:: c~~~n a~
Member of Congress
PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER
State of North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
&-G~
---~·· ;::www.s --• a a .-.----11. DEHNR
March 22, 1995
Mr. Howard E. Tomlinson, Jr.
12 Hillcrest Point
Littleton, NC 27850
Dear Mr. Tomlinson:
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the Warren County PCB Landfill.
Your comments regarding the status and future of this landfill are most timely.
The State of North Carolina, as the owner and operator of this facility, is
committed to its safety both for the citizens and environment of Warren County. As I
am sure you are aware, a review of the options for future detoxification of the landfill is
currently being performed. Based upon the findings of this effort, a decision can be
made to proceed with on-site testing of a promising method, if appropriate.
The long term integrity of the PCB Landfill would be enhanced by the removal of
the water, although there is no short term threat from the presence of the water. We
are currently reviewing options for the removal of the water or its potential use during
any future detoxification effort. The detoxification and water removal decisions can be
made in the same time frame.
Your commitment to the health of the citizens of Warren County is reflected in
your letter and in your service on the County Board of Health. My commitment to the
health and well being of Warren County's citizens is also strong. I can assure you that
both will figure in to any decisions I make regarding the PCB Landfill.
Sincerely,
~~2:~
JBH: wlm
cc: William Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
Henry Lancaster, Director
~gislative Affairs
1,-EYennis Retzlaff, Director
Warren County Health Department
Secretary
P. 0. Box 27687. Raleigh. North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/10% post-consumer paper
NC WA R N 9197 7 4 7 4 9l:$
MEMORANDUM
To: Secretary Jonathan B. Howes
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
From: Ken Ferruccio, Co-Chairperson )ft;;:t · ~,_~__:__
The Joint Warren County and Stat~~~dfill Working Group
Subject: Dioxin Contamination at PCB Landfill Site
Date: February 21, 1995
A Final Sample Analysis Report presented to the Joint Warren County and State PCB
Landfill Working Group by its Independent Science Advisor Pauline Ewald of
Environmental Compliance Organization documents that dioxin groundwater
co'ntamination at the Warren PCB / Dioxin landfill far exceeds the "trace levels"
of dioxin previously identified by the Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste.The
report documents higher levels which the state was aware of but tried to excuse while
denying the landfill's failure.
The report documents several serious on-site and off-site locations of dioxin
contamination, including dioxin contamination of three of the four groundwater
monitoring wells and dioxin contamination of nearby Richneck Creek. Dioxin is also
present in the landfill's two leachate collection systems.
The surface soil near the air vent is contaminated as well as the seep on the landfill
slope, both with high concentrations of Octa Dioxin.
According to Ewald, "In the absence of other likely sources of chlorinated
contamination, it is likely that the PCB landfill is the source for the dioxin and furan
contamination noted at the site." Ewald said," The implications are devastating." She
advised" that plans be immediately commenced to begin full scale pilot testing of
BCD [Base Catalyzed Decomposition, a detoxification technology) at the Warren
County Landfill .... "
Under the Environmental Protection Agency's own standards1 the site
needs to be detoxified.
cc: James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
The North Carolina News Network
P.01
THE EPISCOPAL DIOCESE OF NORTH CA
The Honorable James B. Hunt, Jr.
Governor of North Carolina
116 West Jones Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603-8001
Dear Governor Hunt:
Secretary of The Diocese
RECEIVED
OFFlCE Of lHE SECflC"rAR'(
February 7, 1995
The five hundred lay and clergy delegates to the 179th Annual Convention of the Episcopal
Diocese of North Carolina met on January 26-28, 1995, at Pinehurst and adopted a resolution
titled "On Environmental Justice for Warren County," a copy of which I, as Secretary of
Convention, was instructed to send to you. It is herewith enclosed, and I strongly encourage you
to take note of the position of our Church on this matter.
Yours faithfully,
The Rev. Canon E.T. Malone, Jr.
Secretary of Convention
etmjr/pfo
Enclosure
Copies with enclosure to:
The Honorable Marc Basnight, President Pro Tempore, N.C. Senate
The Honorable Harold J. Brubaker, Speaker, N.C. House of Representatives
The Honorable Joseph Hackney, Legislative Environmental Review Commission
0onathan B. Howes, Secretary of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
The Rt. Rev. Robert C. Johnson, Jr., Bishop of the Diocese of North Carolina
Scott T. Evans, Environmental Stewardship Committee, Diocese of North Carolina
Resolution on Environmental Justice for Warren County
Resolved:
That the 179th Annual Convention of the Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina reaffirm its 1994
commitment to environmental stewardship and justice by urging Governor James B. Hunt, Jr., to keep his
pledge to the citizens of Warren County, North Carolina, to detoxify the PCB/Dioxin landfill there without
delay now that it is feasible, and therefore to encourage precedents for sound pollution prevention and
environmental justice policies for North Carolina; and be it further
Resolved:
That a copy of this resolution be sent to Governor James B. Hunt, Jr., to Harold J. Brubaker, Speaker of
the North Carolina House of Representatives, to Marc Basnight, President Pro Tempore of the North
Carolina Senate, to Jonathan B. Howes, the State Secretary of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources, and to Representative Joseph Hackney, Legislative Environmental Review Commission.
Comment:
In May 1993, the state of North Carolina announced that there was a crisis at the PCB landfill due to 1.4
million gallons of water that threatened and continue to threaten to breach the liner. This "dry tomb"
landfill was not designed to accommodate the water; and pumping it out, a "bandaid" solution, is neither
acceptable nor possible since the pipes become clogged with mud. To resolve the crisis, the Joint Warren
County/State PCB Landfill Working Group was formed. The PCB Landfill Working Group consists of
citizens, local and state officials, and ecumenical and environmental statewide representatives. The
Ecumenical Environmental Leadership Coalition, sponsored by Episcopal United Thank Offering and
Coalition for Social Witness grants, has been instrumental in helping facilitate the efforts of the Joint
Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group.
In November 1994, the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group unanimously voted to
recommend to the governor that the landfill be detoxified as soon as possible for the following reasons:
• Testing of the landfill contents revealed significant concentrations of highly toxic PCBs
and dioxins and furans, including tetra dioxin, the most toxic of all dioxins. Tetra dioxin
was also found in groundwater monitoring wells outside of the landfill at levels more than
twice as high as EP A's maximum allowe9 concentration in drinking water. The recent
EPA draft reassessment of dioxins confirms previous data indicating that even trace
amounts of dioxins can be detrimental to human health and the environment, especially
since everyone has already reached the maximum body "threshold."
• Detoxification of the landfill is now feasible, both technologically and economically, and
the PCB Landfill Working Group has recommended Base Catalyzed Decomposition
(BCD), a dechlorinati@n process that is EPA-approved in North Carolina and is being used
effectively in similar waste sites in Morrisville and Statesville, North Carolina.
Environmental Stewardship Committee
of the Stewardship Commission
Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina
Adopted January 18, 1995
Jonathan Howes
Environmental Review Commission
January 20, 1995
I'm pleased to be here with you today. As you know, the PCB landfill in Warren
County has been the subject of much interest for a long time.
Shortly after I became Secretary of the Department, we announced that there was a
large amount of water that had accumulated in the landfill-rainwater that more than likely
seeped into the landfill while it was in its final days of construction.
That announcement precipitated a call from the dedicated citizens of Warren County--
-a call that we take the opportunity to study the landfill situation and see what had transpired
since its construction was completed in 1983.
A working group of citizens, environmentalists, business leaders, elected officials,
health officials and state officials was formed to guide this process. The Department provided
the working group with $80,000 to hire a science advisor who would study the landfill and
make recommendations as to its future.
Last summer that science advisor did a number of tests at the site-and so did our
state division of solid waste management.
In some cases, we did joint sampling-with both the state and the science advisor
taking samples from the same wells. In September, the state samples came back showing
some dioxin at low levels in monitoring wells both up-gradient and down-gradient from the
site. The samples from the citizens group's science advisor showed no dioxin.
Let me say that those results are puzzling at best. Both our sampling and the science
advisor's sampling showed dioxin in the landfill mass-something we expected, given that
PCBs are buried in the landfill. But, the leachate in the landfill did not show dioxin-
something that also didn't surprise us because dioxin isn't very water soluble. It tends to
cling to soil particles and not disperse readily into water.
What did surprise us was the dioxin in the state's sampling of the monitoring wells.
Given that we didn't find it in the leachate, we're puzzled about its presence in monitoring
wells. There are a number of possibilities-including contamination from another cause such
as agriculture or even a lab error due to contaminated equipment.
Our staff is recommending that we resample those wells and drop an additional well
to answer this question.
I can tell you that the dioxin levels in the monitoring wells were 11 to 13 parts per
quadrillion-which is above the groundwater standard, but below the drinking water
standard.
I can also tell you that we do not have a public health crisis of any sort at the landfill.
There is no need to act without reason.
We have not yet seen the working group's science advisor's entire report. We have
seen her tentative conclusions, but can't really comment on the validity of those conclusions
until we see her final report and can trace how she reached those conclusions.
It would not be financially prudent to spend taxpayers dollars on any effort to
remediate the landfill until we know that our efforts will work. The citizens in Warren
County obviously want this site cleaned up, but they certainly don't want us spending dollars
• until we know we have a solution. We also realize that improper remediation has the
potential for exposing the citizens of Warren County to far greater harm.
2
This is not a simple issue, and I understand that its also an emotional issue.
Governor Hunt has always said he wants to see the landfill remediated when it is
feasible to do so. That's certainly our intention, but the key word is feasible-both in an
economic and technological sense.
Today, some of those citizens are here to share with you some of their concerns.
JOINT WARREN COUN1Y/STATE PCB LANDFILL
WORKING GROUP
AGENDA-REGULAR MEETING JANUARY I 8, I 995 RALEIGH, NC
I. WELCOME
11. ROLL CALL/INTRODUCTIONS
Ill. READING AND APPROVAL OF MINUTES
IV. REPORT OF COMMITTEES
V. UNFINISHED BUSINESS
VI. NEW BUSINESS
A. OVERVIEW
B. SAMPLING EVENT
C. SCIENCE ADVISOR REPORT
VI. OTHER BUSINESS
A. ERC PRESENTATION
B. SECRETARY COMMENTS
VII. ADJOURN
.,;,,.-
JAMES B. HUNT, JR.
GOVERNOR
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-8001
July 28, 1994
To the Joint Warren County and State PCB Landfill Working Group:
In 1983, after the PCB landfill in Warren County was closed,
I made a commitment that the State would monitor the condition of
the landfill and the health of the citizens living near the
landfill. North Carolina has maintained that commitment ever
since.
In addition, I made several other commitments to the citizens
of Warren County. Since my return to the Governor's Office in
1993, I have taken a number of steps to reinforce those
commitments, including the establishment of the Joint PCB Landfill
Working Group at the request of Warren County.
I am writing to you now to reaffirm those commitments and to
thank you for your assistance in helping me fulfill them. I am
pleased that you have been working for several months under the
direction of the co-chairs from DEHNR and Warren County and that
with the assistance of DEHNR, you have hired a technical advisor to
assist you in addressing concerns about the landfill.
You have identified three primary agenda items: (1) to perform
a detailed environmental assessment of the landfill; (2) to
evaluate technologies for detoxification of the PCB-contaminated
contents of the landfill; and (3) to assess maintenance needs for
the landfill's security, such as internal landfill water levels.
While all three of these agenda items are important to ensure
safety of the landfill, I am aware that detoxification of the
contaminated soils is a priority concern. In 1984, a similar joint
working group which I appointed to look at this issue recommended
that detoxification was not feasible at that time. With ten
additional years of information, research work, and practical
experience with the clean-up of PCB-contaminated soils behind us,
it is possible that a feasible means of detoxifying the landfill,
which does not pose a threat to the community, may be found.
Joint PCB Landfill Working Group
July 28, 1994
Page Two
I have instructed DEHNR to support your efforts to achieve all
three of your agenda items. Funding has been made available to
provide for your technical advisor. In addition, DEHNR has
transferred $100,000 to Warren County to maintain and improve the
PCB landfill. This $100,000 may be used for such items as improved
security, lighting, electricity to the landfill site, or funding
the environmental site investigation.
All environmental studies conducted at the PCB landfill in
Warren County to date show that there has been no release of PCBs
to the area. Warren County remains a safe and heal thy community to
live in, and I am committed to doing what is necessary to keep it
that way.
With warmest personal regards.
cc: Warren County Commissioners
... . .
JAMES a. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Heman R. Clark
ST A TE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27603-BOOl
July 11, 1994
Parker, Poe, Adams & Bernstein
Post Office Box 389
Raleigh, North Carolina 27602-0389
Dear Heman:
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the situation with the PCB
landfill in Warren County. I sincerely appreciate your offer to help with any
explanations to the General Assembly.
We are currently working with the Warren County PCB Landfill Working
Group, which is composed of state officials and concerned citizens, to get their
recommendations regarding testing, water removal, and detoxification. I hope
to have their recommendations within the next few months.
Thanks again for your concern and offer of assistance.
Sincerely,
James B . Hunt, Jr.
JBH:wlm
' -· .. ·---Jonathan B. Hpwes -··---...
Secretary "I Enllironment,
·Health, and Natural Resources
PLEASE:
PA TE: l_o /I S-
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--Tah -tppropria~ •ction.
--NoJ,~dtil,.
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__ ¥our comments and/ or reaunmendations.
12 N. Salisbury Street Raleigh 27604 [phone]
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CUHHEl:,PUNlJENCE ltDUT I NI; !3HEE::l -----------------· ~ TO: LEGISUfl"IVE. COUNSEL . I~ ATTN: BRAD WILSON U--;"1 _ERW:L;_ ... Gll.Y.£.BJfil.8 I s Of El.CE. -. ----· I . j ··c•c•t1E l''-lFD: n68 E'·N -'I '''-ll)FTI I -; .I. ~> ,.> . . I , I , -HI . . .• -161 HESf'OND BY: 06/27/94 ,, ----~CASE NUMBER 332272. DATE INITIATED: (·)6/❖)9/</4 CLUSED: ' --········----------·-----------•·• iAME: CLARK HEMAN R. • " t'..\ D l) HESS : P MU( ER , P () E , AD AMS l:, £1 Erm EiT E I N P .• U • HD X 3 lN t:? __ _ __ _ ___ l~BJ:,~JG!i ________ NG 276<~2 ,.,, ,-... IS• CULJNTY: WAKE TELEPHONE: -· ',Ft, -17' HEPENDED: R .... RE.CE.IVE D OFFICE OF THE SECRIT,l\RY JUN 15 1994 ENV•R~!,ivl~N!'...~?,\l;_~H ... s_ ----~-;--s f 9 1-1 ••• LOt.; INFO: SEEi< ING HELP TO GET THE G. ?\. TD ,.'..\PPHUPHlATE i-:i '.:iMhLL r➔MIJUN·r OF':.l:IONFY TU. ,~~------···· ---. --DEHYl)RATE THE: ~l!.;.,~Lt-\NDl+.-II.:l..:~lNti-1,,lARREN~Cl.ll!N;J:Y. -~· , 20! z ,i 1----------------------------------···-·-·• ·-·· -----·-····· --·--·· ---· ----· ~ 1211 ___ SPECIAL PRIORTY -IMMEIHATE HEPLY ~ . HETURN ATTACHED MATERIALS ·--------· --. -. ---·· ---· . ·• . -. .... --· ~ ____ FOH YDUR INFORMATION / COPY AND RETURN "' F'HDNE OR SEE: ME r~T YOUR CDNVEN IE:NCL:: !---1 ---2?! OTlj_ER ···---------·-····---· -------------------··-···--------····---al al r; PREPARE REPLY SUITABLE FDH GDVJ;RNOR • s S:CGNA_JJ,J..BJ;;. AND l,_,_,1E--·......,n ...... m ....... N...__ _____________ _ b '-::::-L_ r'.:\Cl<N.OWLEDGE STATING-GOVEJ_~NOR. REFERRl::D. -:: 1~. E::TURN LETTER AND COPY OF CONST~TUENTS Ll::TT1::r-~ f3 ___ DRAFT HEPLY SUITABLE FOR ~1ECRETARY DR AGENCY HEAU SIGNATURE AND HETURN 1111 FURNISH THI.LDFFIC.E__ WITH INF"O.B.MAL!Dl'L.f.DlL ... RES.e.OJiSEJ.lL.I.NUllQU,.IUl..l.I.L.\R..J..Y~· --------------~ ___ IMMEDIATE REPLY BY PHONE -NO WRlTTEN CORRESPUNDENCE NECESSARY -HETURN FORM --------------------···-···-··---··· ---------~ ------=« j ~ ~·~~ ~.<::::) ·~ r~ ,-----,,,,-c:::.J. ------------------·-·-··· --·· ···-----------····-·----------------·· ---·· ~
........----lhW OfflCt::S Of
PARKER, POE, ADAMS & BERNSTEIN
P.O. BOX 069
ONE EXCHANGE PLAZA
R.\LEIGII, NORTH CAROLINA 27602·0:369
TELEPHONE 919·626·0~6~ FACSIMILE 919 ·834·4~64 CHARLOTTE OFFICE
HEMAN R. CLARK
21100 CHARLOTTE PLAZA
CHARLOTT[, HORTH CAROLINA 28244
T£LEPHOHE, 704·372·8000
,ACSIMILE, 704·334·47011
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK OFFICE
P.O. BOX 13038 June 6, 1994 RESEARCH TRIANGLE PA.AK, N.C. 2770&
TELEPHONE: 819-~44-4000
f'ACSIMIL£: 9UJ·D4 .. ·2798
50UTHPARK OFFICE
4201 <i_ONGRESS ■T. ■UITE 140
CHARLqTft:, NORTH CAROLINA 28208
TdEPHONE:: 704·11:S0-8000
f'ACSIMIL£: 7O4-IUUJ-8001
The Honorable James B. Hunt
Governor
116 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603-8001
Dear Governor:
our P.C.B. landfill in Warren County won't go away.
FILE NUMBER
DIRECT DIAL
Now the 11 protestors11 are saying we broke our promise to
"detoxify'' (which would be a shameful waste of much tax money).
I do think you should consider having the water pumped out of
the landfill. You remember we had several heavy down-pours of rain
fall just before putting the cap in place. There have been no
leaks but we can't say there never will be. It may pot be a
dangerous condition but it sounds bad.
For a relatively small appropriation, the dehydration can be
done. Bill Meyer the highly competent Chief of Solid Waste
Management Section, knows exactly what needs to be done. As long
as the water remains inside the liner, the protesters have a
logical basis to continue their expert agitation in the community.
They are at it again, talling that far~ producto from the are~ are
unfit for human consumption.
If there is anyway I can help in explaining this need to the
General Assembly please let me know.
With warm regards and best wishes,
HRC:bps
-
7 J:,-4~ Jt,e~ h ~I;, ' -r-o.e o,,"'c ' ,4-l) IIs Op -4¾.s ~ J> 0 .13,e.,,, o · · ho.\' <r:Jvs ~lGlf 'Jvi:: ~Cb.. "89 "l',elJv !. · Jvaltl'Ji --VVGJI l>.L, ~ · l.. P. c::4./ia¼v ~ "'e~6o e-0.,89 ·o i]; I ,, "l !..,,, ''··_;,; . ,~>---.r -. ;.. ,.).: ;1 ~,,, ... 'r'>J... ....._·,.:-::.:,1 I.) (Jr.r., "'--..,e }f -...:_ Gov O.tJoi:,qbJ. J.i.6 ei:,.tJoi:, e uqllle h i1'e.St ,S ~. b ""le;_ g1;, .:r oi,e.s •• ""t , Mc 2 7 Sti:-eet .._ I I//; 603...,80 -OJ. l .. I. i1;/,/i. I ,,. . ,,,,,.//,,//. : . :,,i,, f, : : . 011111//;,/,i It j •, -U,>i-:~'-t ~'.(~,, ! . ,f,/1. '.. . ,., ·'; ~ I...J/ .. , ' ...... ' 94 Jli/;1 '8 . "Ot/1cr /Ji/ I/: I 6 ,. ; I ·-. '· !/ . ..._
WARREN COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT
544 WEST RIDGEWAY STREET
WARRENTON, NORTH CAROLINA 27589
June 23, 1994
Mr. Jonathan House, Secretary
North Carolina Department of Health
and Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, NC 27611-7687
Dear Secretary House,
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX#: [phone]
I write to express my deepening concern regarding the "Joint
Warren County and State PCB Landfill Working Group". It has been my
hope that the purpose of the "Group" would be to work with state
officials and an outside technical consultant to gather the best
information possible on the degree of health threat posed by the PCB
Landfill and assess the availability of reliable technology for
detoxification of the Landfill. Armed with that information the
"Group" could then make recommendations to the state for future
management of the Landfill. The decision to recommend detoxification
should be based on an assessment of the benefits to be derived from
such a procedure balanced with the economic costs and other risks
related to detoxification procedures.
The "Working Group" is dominated by individuals who have
demonstrated that their commitment is to seek detoxification. That
perspective is a valid one but it should be one of the perspectives
represented in this organization. I would request that you
personnally review the procedures which were used to determine the
membership of the "Working Group". Questions to be considered in such
a review could include the following:
1. What role was given to duly constituted bodies representing
the citizens of the County such as the Warren County Board of
Commissioners and Board of Health in the early formulation of
the members of the "Working Group"?
2. Were any guidelines developed to assure proper representation
of a variety of Warren County interests? If there were any
kind of guidelines used, were those ever put in written form?
3. Who from Warren County had significant input into the
selection of the members of the "Group"?
4. When was the first official, written list of the membership
of the "Working Group" made generally available? (I did not
see any written list until Mr. Bill Meyers distributed a
draft list last week).
Mr. Jonathan House
Page 2
I believe a review of the history of the development of this
"Group" will demonstrate that the organization was created without
sufficient input from local recognized leaders and is dominated by
individuals who have prejudged the situation. The "Working Group"
cannot, as presently constituted, do an unbiased assessment of the
relative risks of the Landfill and make balanced recommendations
regarding future management of the PCB Landfill. I would request your
office to work with the leadership of the "Group" to expand the
membership to include more members who have demonstrated concern for
environmental and health matters but have an open mind regarding the
various options available for the management of the PCB Landfill.
Warren County citizens face health risks from a great number of
sources and available resources should be allocated to those areas
where intervention can be shown to be most effective. There are a
number of environmental challenges facing the state and available
resources should be allocated to those problems demonstrated to pose
the greatest risks to our state. This "Working Group" will do a
disservice to the citizens of Warren County and the State of North
Carolina if it is allowed to pressure state officials into expenditure
of funds for detoxification or other procedures for management of the
Landfill which cannot be justified in terms of potential health
protection for the citizens of Warren County.
Thank you for your careful consideration of these concerns.
Si~rel~Z:, /{'?A £/2
De~ Ret~~f, Jf~tor
CC: Members, Joint Warren County and State
PCB Landfill Working Group
V. Alfreda Jordan-Webb, County Manager
•.-. . \ ···----
• /onathpn B. Howes
Secretary of Environment,
Health, and Natural Resources
~ .
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To. fu,h . / ~ ., DATE: & -~7-7'f
RESPOND BY :
I
PLEASE:
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__ Draft a reply for my signature and return to me.
-----1Reply, noting the letter was referred to you by
me (ropy to Secretary's Office).
__ Draft a reply for the Governor's sign
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and
return tome.
___ Reply, noting the letter was referred to you by
Governor Hunt (ropy to Secretary's Office)
__,__ For your information.
_,___Take appropriate action.
__ Note and file .
. _. __ Note and return to me.
Note and see me about this.
__ Yourcomments
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512 N. Salisbury Street Raleigh 27604 [phone]
#. • ""
State of North Carolina Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
James B. Hunt. Jr .. Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
March 23, 1994
Mr. Howard E. Tomlinson, Jr.
12 Hillcrest Point
Littleton, North Carolina 27850
Dear Mr. Tomlinson,
Thank you for your recent comments and copy of the resolution
concerning the PCB Landfill in Warren County.
The State is the owner of the PCB Landfill and responsible for
providing long-term maintenance of the site. The Department is
currently funding a scientific study to evaluate the safety of the
landfill and identity risks to public health and the environment.
If any risks are identified, the State will respond to ensure that
the landfill continues to be safely maintained. Part of the study
will be to determine the need for removal of water from the
landfill and technical recommendations for removal of water if
required. This is consistent with the Board of Health's resolution
that recommends that the State make a decision on managing the
water in the landfill and removal and appropriate disposal if
necessary. The Board of Health, County Commissioners and the
Department have the same objective, to make sure that the landfill
is safe and make fiscally responsible decisions for any necessary
corrective action.
I appreciate your comments and urge you to participate with
the joint Warren County and State PCB Landfill working group to
provide solutions to the long-term maintenance of the PCB Landfill.
~~=-~-~
Jonathan B. Howes
JBH:wlm
cc: William L. Meyer, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
P. 0. Box 27687. Raleigh. North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmativo Action Employor 50-X. rocyclod/ 10% post-consumer paper
, " Jonathan B. Howes ~<_;·•::.'sr";;;-. r,,r Secretary of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources ' , r TO: ~/4._ hh DA TE: ;;._ -;J..J-9 5/' RESPOND BY: matt,/.__ )i ~ PLEASE: REMARKS: L.---'I)raft a reply for my signature and return to me. ___ Reply, noting the letter was referred to you by me (copy to Secretary's Office). ___ Draft a reply for the Governor's signature and return tome. ___ Reply, noting the letter was referred to you by Governor Hunt (copy to Secretary's Office) ___ For your information. ___ Take appropriate action. ___ Note and file. ___ Note and return to me. ___ Note and see me about this. ___ Your comments and/ or recnmmendations. --:::
. 1_ :.. :: ?~,. -..,__ 1 I 199-t ' .;~-Y :::""!2:.:l.i;.:,•;;';>/ ··-· 3.~ _ 512 N. Salisbury Street Raleigh 27604 [phone] P•l!J ~ OJ. U 1111,ap aJow 1.41!"" UJn,a~ ew 01 Ado, "'IHM 'JeMtu• HH!d O 41enba1 JnoA Jad 0 J.td•J 01, ew JOI, UOf'IWJOjUI IJl'd8Jd O __.. --....-; e UO!lltJ81\UO) Jno J8d 0 0Jn1•u~11 Aw JOJ A(dOJ •••d••d O, , 7..---:::..?C"-(IAOJdd1 ,noA JO,j <cl' uou1wJOjUI ,noA J~ D •ti.fl •,noq• aw au pu• 110N D a11a1d ,,,uewwo, JnOA O 1w 04 wn,a, pu• •&oN D PJINUOj pu• 1•1uu1 'a.ioN O •m pu• IION 0 NOil.JV :s}{J"SWaH .tfl ?FV{IJ P!/C!;fl JJ-7/7/l{ 1/VOld --V?fl'V[r ywtJr :oi t?;• 1 -f /-'? .,,a SD~nOS3~ lV~nlVN 0NV 'Hl 1V3H 'lN3~'1NOmt\N3 :10 1N3Wl~Vd30 VNllO~VJ Hl~ON
J •
HOWARD E. TOMLINSON. JR.
12 HILLCREST POINT
LITTLETON. NC 27850
February 22, 1993
~Ir. Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environ!nent,
Health and Natural Resources
P. o. 8ox 27687
Raleigh, NC 27611
Dear Sir: Warren County PCB Landfill
I am a member of the Warren County Board of Health and I attended the
May 24, 1993 public meeting held in the Courthouse to discuss the PCB
Landfi 11. /\s a result of that meeting the Warren County Health Department
initiated u well testing program involving about 35 private wells In the
immediate vicinity of the Landfl 11. /\ll results were negative; there was
no indication of PCBs in any of the test samples. On October 4 the Harren
County Board of Health adopted a resolutlon which was p11bllshed in the
Harren Record on October 13, 1993. /\ copy of this n-esolution is enclosed.
I have great difficulty trying to understand the threat of hydraulic
pressure on the liner -through five feet of packed clay -or the effect
of 12 to 13 feet of water-soaked earth on the liner -when residential
s-wimming pools contain over six feet of water directly on a plastic shell
with a foot or two of packed sand beneath; these pools do not leak.
I personally believe the hazard of PCBs to our citizens is absolutely
minimal. Dr. Ronald H. Levine, State Health Director, acknowledged to my
direct question at the aforementioned public meetin3 that there has never
been a case of recorded sickness or death attributed to PCBs in the state
of North Carolina. Dr. Ralph Heister, a respected environmenta 1 ist from
Penn State University, has investigated a problem of fCB .contamination of
Valley Creek in Chester County, Pennsylvania. The creek has been stocked
annually and fished for many years. Dr. Heister tells me there has never
been a recorded case of sickness or death attributed to this PCB problem.
I read a news review not long ago on the toxic dilemma; regulation costs
versus risks. It quoted Representative John Dingell of Michigan as saying
"we have seen in recent episodes on asbestos, dioxin and PCBs where risks
have been dramatical0ly overstated at simply immense cost to the public".
To spend additional taxpayer money on thls PCB project would be a gross
injustice, especially when budgets are so tight and there are many, many
more important problems to address.
Please give this matter ..:serious consideration before further action.
s-J~h· . SI I your_s, r:J _ F
• 'f om 1 i n son , J r
/
RESOLUTION
PCB L\NDF I LL IN WARREN COUNTY
WHEREAS, the PCB Landfill located near Afton ln Warren County ls the
property of the State of North Carol lna
WHER&\S, l t has been determined by the State Department of Environment,
Health and :~atural Resources that the PCB Landfill contains an
excessive accumulation of water which may, or may not, be a threat
to the integrity of the landfill liner
WHEREAS, after many well tests for presence of PCBs in the vicinity
of the PCB Landfl ll, there ls no evidence whatsoever of PCB contamination
emanating from the Landfill and hence no threat to the health and well-
being of the citizens of Warren County
WHEREAS, the State Health Department has verified the fact there has
never been a recorded case of death or illness attributed to PCBs in
the State of North Carolina
WHEREAS, the Warren County Board of Health is charged with the care
and responsibl llty for the health interests of Warren County
WHEREAS, ln consideration of these aforementioned conditions, the
Warren County Board of Hea 1th does not believe the PCB Landfill poses
a hazard to the health of Warren County citizens
THEREFORE, BE Ir RESOLVED, that the Warren County Board of Health
recommends the State of North Carolina make the decision on whether
or not to remove the excess accumulation of Yater from the PCS Landfill
and, if so, to use appropriate means of disposal.
Adopted this _____ _ day ______________ ,1903
Date --------------
----State of North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
James B. Hunt. Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary NA
DEHNA
March 22, 1994
v. Alfreda Jordan-Webb
County Manager, Warren County
130 North Main Street
P. o. Box 619
Warrenton, North Carolina 27589
Dear Mrs. Jordan-Webb:
The Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources is
pleased to respond to your request for funds from the Solid Waste
Grants Program by awarding $100,000 for capital improvements on
the PCB Landfill. Although more funds were requested for Warren
County, the great need for financial help by local governments
required that the Department share funding equitably. It is my
understanding that the General Asse~bly may fund this program
again in the upcoming short session.
The state is the owner and operator of the PCB Landfill and has
both responsibility and liability for all activity on the site
and therefore, must agree with and approve any proposed capital
improvement project before it is implemented. The funds are
limited to being spent on capital improvements that include1
renovations, repairs, maintenance, landscape improvements, new
construction, equipment purchases, utility modifications, and
other appropriate capital improvements on the PCB Landfill.
The Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and
the Division of Solid Waste Management look forward to working
with you to ensure the protection of Warren county citizens.
Sincerely,·
~~--h-~
Jonathan B. Howes
JBH:wlm
P. 0. Box 27687. Raleigh. North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone 919-71&-4100
M Equal Opporh.nlty Affrmative Action Employer ~1. recycled/10,, post-cOnslATler paper
!: .. lm•DAY•Yfl \ICUCHERHl.l,aER DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & NATURAL RESOURCES No. 443365 P.O. BOX 27687, RALEIGH, N.C. 27611 . TOTAL NET AMOUNT DETACH HERE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT. HEALTH & NATURAL RESOURCES RALEIGH, NORTH CAROUNA COOIE......,. 100000.00 100,000.00 CHECK NUMBER 443365 4433&:S 99-1059 531 $AMOUNT• "I [ 3/22/94 4433&5 4931& $100, 000. 00*) PRESENT TO: STATE TREASURER PAYASLE AT PAR THROUGH FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTl:M PAY TO THE ORDER OF jWARREN COUNTY L L r.;. •' . . -~-·+:~ .:: ·_ ' .. . ~-:.~.~·:· .-........ S··· .. ,. {:·/\ ;::\· .-; -~~~y~~ -:,(··' .--:,_ .. ·,,., . ., "\' ..... ~ ·•' <-l!',;1 . .,:1 '\"-•-~~ ·-•·dit':'J;'j .. ~ • ~ '{,_.~,i...:~f. ~:-.. T'OR otll 0, "9CM. _..,._·-:,~~=-::-:-t, -=~·:. ~--.,;,_•~)_ .. , .·.:• . -~~ ....... · .•>" : .. : ~; .. '\~--~ . . ·, ..... · ~ . . . . . ~ ·• .. _ . . . ·,. .·-
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,. •1 _./.,,Health and Natural Resources
James B. Hunt. Jr .• Governor
Jonathan 8. Howes. Secretary
••;:l'~
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a a a -----. DEI--INR
May 21, 1993
Mr. Ken Ferruccio
Ecumenical/Environmental Leadership Coalition
Warrenton, North Carolina ·
Dear Mr. Ferruccio:
Thank you for your memorandum of Monday, May 17, regaiding the
PCB landfill in Warren county.
As you know, the St,3te is very concerned about potential
breaches or the landfill liner that might occur because of the
estimated 500,000 to 1,000,000 gallons of water which has collected
in the bottom of the landfill. We want the sol1Jtion to this
problem to be worked out jointly with citizens. Therefore, we have
contacted local citizens and officials about the problem; we have
set up opportunities for broad public input; and we will create a
first-of-its-kind joint advisory committee comprised of local
citizens and State officials to develop a process by which the
water can be removed. :
In your memorandum about this matter you raised !ive specific
concern• which I would like to respond to.
First, the State stands by its commitment tc detoxify the
landfill once a process is developed that will do so without posing
a greater risk to citizens than the landfill itself. In 1984, a
State advisory committee examined options tor deto~ification and
determined no teasible process yet existed. I have directed
Departmental staff to work with citizens again to determine if new
technology has been developed which wo~ld effectively detoxify the
Warren County landfill .
Second, the State has no intention of expanding the current
landtill. Moreover, legislation was passed in 198J which prohibits
the construction of any PCB or other hazardous waste landfill
within 25 miles of the existing Warren County PCB landfill. You
also raised concerns about the siting of regionc1l solid waste
landfills in Warren County . Local go~ernments in North Carolina
have total responsibility for siting solid waste landfills. The
State is only involved through permitting such taciliti~s based
upon established environmental regulations. Prohibitions on siting
a solid waste landfill would have to be don~ through the
legislature.
P.O. Box 27~7. Raleigh. North Corollno 27611-7687 lelephone 91~1-7JJ-A98A
M EQuol Opponunlly ANltma!lve Action EmoloyEN 50,. recycled/10,. po,1-col'\Sumer pooer
(7)
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Third, the State's goal is to find an on-site solution to the
problem ot water in the landfill. We are very sensitive to the
concerns ot Warren County citizens that ,PCB waste t':~om the Warren
County landfill not be transferred to another community, especially
to one that is rural, relatively poor, and predominantly African-
American, Native American, or Hispanic.
I We-havn a ~trong desire to avoid s~ch a transfer as well. Our
Hazardous· Waste Section staff have identified an on-site means to
handle the water to be pumped out ·of the 1 and ti 11 which they
believe will protect public health and safety. As o! yet, however,
no technically feasible means to handle on-site the sediment that
will be pumped out with the water ha~. been identifietj~• A principal
goal ot the joint advisory committee will be to review the proposed
solution tor on-site handl'ing of the water and to determine if an
on-site solution for the sediment can be identified so that off-
sita options will not have to be exercised,
' ' Fourth, once again, the State pre~ers not to truck any waste
oft-site, and therefore will be working .with citizens to identify
an on-site solution that will preclude the need for material to be
removed from the site.
Fifth, we are eager !or outside review of the entire process.
The purpose ot the joint advisory committee will be to bring
citizens and the State together to devel~p, monitor, and review the
process by which the water will be removed from the landfill.
Additional outside review would be welcome.
I will be at the public meeting r~garding the landfill which
we have set up tor 7 p.m. on Monday night at the Warren County
Courthouse. I look forward to seeing you there.
To: Jonathan Howes: Secretary of Environment, Health and Natural Resources jP.d-
From: Ken Ferruccio: Ecumenical/Environmental Leadership Coalition, Director f\J
Subject: Response to State PCB Plan: Conditions, pp 3+4
Date: 5/17 /93
For Immediate Press Release (919-257-2604)
I assume you've been briefed on the complexity of the issues, specifically,
from the historical perspective, and more specifically from the perspective
of Warren County and the targeted communities.
Certainly, we of Warren County understand the historical perspectives. We should.
We lived them, helped to create them, and gave them a language, And it was this
language that ignited the spark, t11at lit the fuse, that blew the powder keg in 1982
and again in 1983. The light and heat from those explosions fused forever concepts
that for too long had been kept apart: environmental justice, environmental civil rights.
So when the dust clears. and when the history of the environmental/civil rights
movement is written, it will begin with Warren County, and with the language that
Warren County created in response to events from 1978 through 1982, in response
to events of 1983, and, more recently, in response to events of 1992, when Lickskillet,
a poor, black community, three miles downstream from the PCB landfill, was targeted
for a 1 ooo -1500 -acre-regional solid waste landfill.
. We had to remind public officials advocating that siting, that Warren wrote the book on
opposing sitings. We had to remind them that in 1982, and again in 1983, members of
three races, blacks, whites, and Indians carried a cross here and were sacrificed in
defense of principles universal to all people, places and times -to all races, colors,
classes and creeds.
We had to remind them that that sacrifice changed the way we see the world, that it
was the spark that ignited a revolution, that it was a major, a lasting historical
achievement, or, as EPA calls it, the watershed. We had to remind them that it
was the beginning of a pilgrimage of conscience, a pilgrimage of activism that
would go on forever. And therefore in this deeper, in this more profound and
eternal sense, everything concerning siting since 1982 is a footnote to Warren County.
And now . here we are again, continuing the pilgrimage under the
authority, not only of the county and of the state, but also under the
authority of the National Episcopal Church, under the authority of
the National Council of Churches, and, ultimately, under the authority of
God, and supported by ecumenical and environmental leaders throughout
this state and nation. And our responsibility together now is to formulate the
best language in response to this PCB crisis, to formulate the best, the most
environmentally sound and equitable solution for everyone.
(I)
We are deeply disturbed about the PCB crisis here and about the trends
this crisis represents throughout our state, our nation, and our world. The Afton
crisis symbolizes the prevailing model for economic/industrial development:
the model for waste expansion and inequity. The goal of this expansion/
inequity model is to establish a massive waste management infrastructure to
solicit waste from other states and from overseas.This model is informed by a rationale
for selective human sacrifice because it requires for its implementation
the transformation of targeted communities into sacrifice zones by toxic, hazardous,
and nuclear waste facilities , and by massive solid waste management
facilities. The model requires the gradual, but inevitable extinction of the
targeted community by the preemption of its civil rights.
Afton, Warren County, symbolizes the loss of just about everything that the 13th and
14th amendment rights are meant to protect. The 1982 siting put Rosa Parks in
the back of the bus once again, and now the bus is self-destructing.
The Waste Management Act of 1981 and the Sub-0 regulations continue to
perpetuate the rationale for selective human sacrifice. And so I think, Secretary
Howse, you can understand why we must continue to resist these sitings, to resist
them absolutely, and the trends that they represent, and why we cannot permit trucks
loaded with solid waste or PCB waste to enter or leave our borders. Our waste
management problem, and our PCB crisis must be resolved, but must be resolved
locally.
Afton symbolizes also a crisis witt1in the soul of the state, and this crisis must also be
resolved. The crisis involves the two diametrically opposed and conflicting
models for economic/industrial development struggling to control the soul
of North Carolina: the model for waste expansion and inequity. and the model
for waste reduction and equity. These are not false polarities. These are not false
choices. They are true choices. They are profoundly ethical choices.
EPA siting regulations, Governor Hunt's Waste Management Act of 1981,
and Sub-D regulations are the reverse of what is needed for waste reduction
and equity:
(1) Instead of siting to solicit waste, we should be reducing and
preventing waste to preclude sitings.
(2) Instead of preempting rights to sacrifice communities, we
should be reaffirming rights to preserve communities.
(3) Instead of sacrificing the few for the many, we should be creating
and preserving quality settings for every community.
(4) Instead of preempting the significance of public hearings, they
should be the corner stone of our democracy.
(2.)
(5) Instead of exclusiveness in decision-making, inclusiveness.
The prevailing model undermines the fundamental premises for a sound theology,
for a sound democracy, and for a sound ecology. It leaves us ultimately without
God, without freed om, and without a planet. It is a self-destructive model, a suicidal
model. It is a model for social disintegration, informed by a rationale for selective
human sacrifice. These are our concerns from the more global perspective.
Turning now to our local crisis, we need to resolve it within a framework
compatible with the principles of waste reduction and equity. These are the
bottom lines:
(1) The proposed Band-Aid approach is unacceptable. It's only
a stopgap measure. Our objective must be to restore the
ecological status of Afton to what it was before the siting
and to restore its property values, by creating the
reality and the perception that Afton is a very fine and safe place
to live so that the people of Afton and of Warren ~ounty will
be able to move forward once again to a safe and prosperous
future. We need therefore to explore the option of on-site
detoxification, assessing costs. risks, etc. In other words, we need to
help Governor Hunt keep all promises made in his 1982 letter to the
people of Warren County.
(2) If our research indicates that on-site detoxification is not presently
a viable option. then. after on-site stabilization, future activity
at the site must involve monitoring and maintenance only.
Repeating the 1992 attempt to take advantage of the sacrifice
area by expanding from the foothold will be resisted.
(3) The solution must be restricted to the site. The solution
must not include an expansion of the present site, nor in any way
transcend its present borders. Expansion will be resisted.
(4) The trucking initiative must be precluded. Under no condition
will trucks loaded with PCBs leave the borders of the PCB
landfill. Such an attempt will be met with the most serious
forms of resistance.
(5) We will need to be convinced by disinterested scientists that
the filtering process will extract the PCBs from the 500,000
to one million gallons of contaminated water that
the state is planning to spray all over the site. The attempt to
(3]
initiate this process before a disinterested scientific assessment
of risks has been explained and consented to will be resisted.
If the above conditions can be met, we can move forward together.
Finally, when your people come to Warren County, tell them that in 1982, three races
carried a cross together in the poor and predominantly black community of Afton,
here in Warren County, and that here, together, they were sacrificed. Tell them,
therefore, to come with reverence and with awe. Tell them that in 1982, in Warren
County , North Carolina, blacks, whites, and Indians transcended a history that had
divided them and came together in brotherhood and love, and that from their sacrifice
emerged new hope for a new history, informed not by a rationale for selective human
sacrifice, but by the universal brotherhood of man. Tell them to come as pilgrims on a
pilgrimage, because all this land is holy land, all this ground is holy ground.
Secretary Howse, that concludes my memorandum to you. And now I would like to
translate what I have said into the language of the people: What we have out
there, folks, in the poor black community of Afton ,is a bus. Now I know it doesn't look
like a bus. It's not supposed to look like a bus. It's supposed to lqok like a landfill.
But I'm telling you, it's a bus. And the bus is self-destructing. And I'm telling you that
one of our neighbors is on that bus. And her name is Rosa Parks. I know Rosa Parks.
· Rosa Parks is a friend of mine. But instead of trying to get Rosa Parks off the bus,
and keep her off the bus, we're getting ready to build a whole fleet of buses, just like
that one, and getting ready to fuel them with the high octane of Sub-0 regulations.
And then we're going to drive those buses into the poor black and other poor minority
communities, put the poor folks in the buses, and then wait for the buses to self-
destruct, just like we did in Afton.
These are the big buses; these are the massive solid waste buses, containing toxic
and hazardous waste; these are the 800 acre buses, the 1000 acre buses, the
1500 acre buses. These are the buses that will contaminate the groundwater of the
poor black and other minority communities.
How long? Not long.
1 n December of 1978, I was 36 years old, when I told the state of North Carolina that it
would be due process first, then civil disobedience if the state attempted to bury PCBs
in the poor and predominantly black community of Afton.
How long? Not long.
In 1982, I was 40 years old when as a last resort we had here the largest nonviolent
civil disobedience in the south since Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. marched through
Alabama, according to the Duke Chronicle, and when I was arrested 8 times.
How long? Not Long.
in 1983 I was 41 years old when I began the second civil rights movement
in response to the state's plan to spray 750,000 gallons of PCB-contaminated
water all over the site and fasted 18 days in the Warren County jail.
How long? Not long.
Before I was 42 I'd been arrested 9 times on this issue.
How long? Not long.
In 1992, I was 50 years old, when I cautioned the local, state, and federal government
that the attempt to site a 1000-1500 acre landfill three miles downstream from
the PCB landfill in the poor, black community of Lickskillet would be met with the
most serious forms of resistance.
And now, It's 1993, and I'm 51, and I'm telling you again that the bus is self-
destructing. And that we're getting ready to build a whole fleet of buses
just like this one, with the same self-destructive mechanisms. and fuel them up
with Sub-0 , and drive them into the poor minority communities. :
And then we're going to put all the poor folks inside with Rosa Parks, and wait
. for the buses to self-destruct. Estimated time of departure: October 9, 1993.
How long? Not long. Because the high octane of Sub-0 regulations, the high octane
of The Waste Management Act of 1981, and the high octane of the philosophy
of waste expansion and inequity is the same high octane that drives the rationale
for selective human sacrifice. the same high octane for discriminatory and
segregational sitings.
But like the sun through the foliage on a green day, I know my way. I'm not going
to follow the Sub-0 regulations; I'm not going to follow the Waste Management
Act of 1981; I'm not going to follow the rationale for selective human sacrifice,
because I can't accept this rationale. I couldn't accept it in 1978 when I was 36; I
couldn't accept it in 1982, when I was 40; I couldn't accept it in
1983, when I was 41; I couldn't accept it in 1992, when I was 50, and I cannot
accept it in 1993 at 51 . And I will never accept it, because to accept selective
human sacrifice is to perpetuate it and to encourage it.
Now I would like to suggest a process through which I believe we can work together
toward a resolution to the problem. There will be a Director for Research,
Planning, and Communications in your office, Secretary Howes, whose sole
responsibility will be to deal with this issue. And that same research, planning, and
communication process will be coordinated from this end by Deborah and me,
(5)
' '
and by others who would like to participate as well as by those who may need to
participate because of their official positions.
Communications between your office and my office must be open and fluid. Obviously,
you'll decide who the Director of Research, Planning, and Communication will be
at your end, but we will expect someone with the following characteristics: An
open and flexible mind that can
(1) assimilate information quickly
(2) evaluate information from interdisciplinary and multidimensional
perspectives and within the context of criteria and objectives
compatible with the 5-point framework, and in accordance with
principles of waste reduction and equity.
(3) contradistinguish what is central from what is peripheral, especially,
concerning the needs of the Afton community.
(4) Communicate information clearly, concisely, and accurately.
A committee will be needed consisting of various experts, and we'll
need to formulate an acceptable plan together. When we think we've got
a plan compatible with the 5-point framework, we'll have a town meeting
and present it.
I .._
•'
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
OFFJCE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27611
JA .. U &. HUNT, Jf\.
QOVEIINOl'l Octobe:r 20, 1982
An Open Letter to the Citi~ens of Warren County:
I appreciated the opportunity to meet with community
leaders and members of the executive committee of the Concerned
Citizens of warren County on Friday, Octob~r 8.
We had a full an~ frank discussion, lasting about
two hours. We did not agree on everything, obviously. But
it was a valuable meeting for me ~nd, I hope, for ~ll of
you.
I told your representatives that I understand and
respect your concerns about the PCB l~ndfill. Nobody w~nls
a landfill of any kind in their community. Your representatives
expressed your concerns in strong, clear terms. They did
not hold anything back, and I appreciated their frankness.
In turn, 1 was frank with them. I told th~m that,
in my jud9ment, the State of North Carolina had no option
but to place the PCB-tainted material in a safe and secure
landfill. The Environmental Protection Agency would not
approve handling the material in place along the roadside.
I told your representatives that Warren County w~s
chosen for the site solely on the basis of technical reasons.
No other conpideration whatsoever was involved.
I also said during the meeting th~t the State of
North Carolina does not intend to simply walk ~WAY from any
responsibility once the landfill is completed. I made
several commitments to that end, and I want to spell those
out for you:
l. At the request of your representatives, the
state will sponsor a public meeting in Warren County at
which our agency offici~ls, en9ineers and scientists will_-
review the safety features at the landfill and respond to
your specific concerns ano questionM. The meeting will be
held At 6;30 p.m., Wednesday, October 27, in the National
Guard Armory in Warrenton.
(more)
• r'
Warren County Citizens
Page Two
October 20, 1982
.....
2. The state will push as hard as it c~n for
detoxifica~ion of the landfill when and if the appropriate
and feasible technology is developed. We will seek to
establish a joint local-state-federal working qroup to
pursue this end. The State Board of Science and Technology,
which l chair, will have the specific ~esponsibility for
pressing the Environmental Protection Agency to develop this
process and for monitoring research to determine when
detoxification is pos$ible,
3. The state will maintain continual monitoring of
the l~ndfill. Thi& will include the roonitorinq systems
included in the design of the landfill itself, monitoring af
the residential well6 within~ three-mile radius of the
landfill and checking ~trearns and creek5 in the area.
4. The state will cooperate with your county health
department in providing environmental and health monitoring
for those persons who live, work or go to school near the
landfill. Warren County Health Director Joe Lennon and
or. Ronald Levine, the state's health director, will be
responsible for developing a monitoring program that will
guarantee that the health of the citizens in the area is
being protected.
5. My administration will support legislation
prohibiting any additional contaminated soil from ever being
placed in this landfill and prohibiting the ~tate from ever
placing another landfill in your county for any purpose. I .
understand that Frank BallAnce will be preparing legielation
along these lines, and we will work with him on thi. iaaue.
6. The State Department of Commerce will make
special efforts to help Warren County attract ind~try and
jobs. We will encourage businesses ~nd in~ustries to vi.it
the county and consider sites there for expansion.
The.e are the commitments I made on behalf of the
State of North Carolina. It ig my responsibility to see
that they are carried out, and I t~ke that responsibility
seriously.
(more)
f'• • I • • " ...
-
Warren county Citizens
Pi!ge Three
October 20, 1982
I know how controversial this matter hes bean,
Again, I respect your concerns. And r take them seriou~ly.
Your state government has A responsibility to you ~nd to all
the people who live along the roads where the PCB materi~l
w~s dumped, as well AS all the residents of North Carolina
who might have been affected had that materiAl spread and
entered the food chain. The state is convinced, on the
basis of the best scientific evidence that is cv~ilable to
us, that the landfill is safe and will remain safe in the
future.
But you and I have seen that scientists can disagree,
and their disagreements concern Ui, That is ~hy I intend to
see that the State of North Carolina keeps its commitment t'o
you, your children and your grandchildren to eontinue to
press for detoxificaton of tha site, to closely monitor it
and to guarantee its safety for generAtions to come.
That is the pledge I maoe to your representatives. in
my office last Friday, and it i~ the pledge I make to you
I now.
My very best personal reqaras.
-
STATEMENT BY GOVERNOR JIM HUNT Thursday, September 23, 1982
News Conference
There has been a great deal of controversy over the PCB landfill
in Warren County, and I think everyone should keep some important
facts in mind.
The dwnping occurred more than four years ago. Since then,
the state and the federal government have explored every alternative
for disposing of this material. The Environmental Protection Agency
has ruled out in-place treatment. This is the only alternative available
to the state.
We have looked at about 100 possible locations for a disposal
site. The site in Warren County is the only one that met all the
safety requirements and that could be obtained by the state. The
federal courts have thoroughly reviewed this matter.
All of us can understand the apprehensions people feel when
any landfill is placed in their community. But we can assure the
residents of Warren County that this landfill will be safe and will
present no danger to them or to their families, now or in the future,
and that no other material will be stored there in the future.
Obviously, this is an emotional iss~e. Our society is having
to learn to deal with hazardous waste issues, and it is tough.
It is unfortunate that we ha~e had to station more than 70
Highway Patrolmen in Warren County ta handle these protests. All of 7 ·
us would prefer to have those pat olme11 on our state's roads and highways.
But the responsibility o th~ State of North Carolina is to do
where the material was dwnped.
The state will meet that resJ onsibility.
# # #
,,
DEC 14 1981
honorable JaIIEs .i::.. Hunt
Governor of Nort.b Carolina
State Capital
\
kaleigh, North Caroli.'1c. 27611
Dec.r Governor Hunt:
... --.
On June 4, 197S, ~ion IV gave conceptual approval, with certci."1
ccnaition.s, to the \-~ren County, North Caro.Lina, site as a chemiC2l waste
landfill GE author1.zeu in 40 CFR, Part 761. One! of the a:mciticns was t..'1at
the State sci:ll'J.t final pkns and Sf.,€CificatiCT..s to this office for apprcval,
in writing, prier c.c the initiation of constrt..-ction. These ;,lan.s anc
s:pecifications nave been suarJ.tted ana are hereby awrovec subJect to the
enclose:: concli t:ions.
hE coimeno you anc t.i.',e 22ny involved fer your d€Gicaticn to reacilir.9 c. final
sclutior. to this er;v1.ronrrent.a..1 problem basec en th<: tecr.u10loq.f as it exists
today. If we caD be o.t f urt.h€:r assistance, please lE t r.:-e kn0vv •
.Sincerely yours,
/s/ Charles R. Jeter
Re.gionat Administ:~/sr
Oiz.rles ~-Jeter
l'e<Jicnal Administrator
.E.nclosurE=
cc: ,tv,.r. burley E. !11 tcht:l.l, Jr. , &:?er e t.ary ,
.t,crth Cc.rolin2. ueparbrer:t
ot Crime Control and hblic Sa.iety
t<cle1.9h, 1'.ort.1 Carol.1r.a
G.i•i. ~u-icklanc, ~--E.-ci
Solie & Eazarcous Waste f.'..:ma.gerrent branch
£..r.virornY2ntal iiEsJ. tt Secticn
Der-crbrtnt oi hu:;,,211 i--c>sources
Division of hE:u.th Services
t\cle1sh, L"',Jrti: Carolina
Cr. Sara r'.orrow
Liq:;artr.er.t oi 1-1..ur:-an ksou.rces
Livision of he::..lth Services
F-c:leigh, t.;ort.1: Caroli.t12
.. -
DEC l 4 1981
Final Approval Conditions for PCB Chemical Waste Landfill in Warren County,
North Carolina, owned and to be operated, closed and post closure cared for
by the State of North Carolina on property formerly owned by Carter C. Pope
and Linda w. Pope, found in Deed Book 278, page 252.
I. Reference June 4, 1979 approval letter signed by John C. White
A. General requirement numbers 1, 2, and 5 remain in effect.
B. Technical condition numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8 rerrain in
effect. Condition numbers 9 and 10 have been satisfied.
II. Additional conditions of this approval are:
A. Leachate collection will be monitored monthly and collected
leachate disposed of properly, if required (761.41 (b) (7)).
Records will be maintained on file at a designated State office.
B. The operation plan will be followed, as approved (761.41
(b) (8) (ii)).
C. Records will be maintained and sutrnitted to the Regional
Administrator within 90 days of closure (761.41 (b) (8) (IV)).
D. The fence, gate, and access road shall be maintained in good
working order as long as post closure monitoring is required.
E. Report to EPA Region IV any instance of detection of FCB's through
the monitoring program imnediately.
F. Designate a State departmental person who will be res?)nsible for
operation and for post closure montioring prior to initiation of
construction (761.41 (c) (5)).
G. Notify EPA Region IV 30 days prior to transferring res?)nsibility
for operation or any change in ownership (761.41 (c) (7 )).
H. Monitoring Program
1. General
The parameters for ground and surface water monitoring for
this program are found at 40 G~ ( 761. 41 (b) ( 6) ( iii) (A) , (B)
and (C)). Samples -should be c::oJ:lecteci and analyzed in
accordance with EPA approved procedures.
2. Ground Water
a. Background -Each well must be sampled at least three
times and the data submitted to Region IV prior to any
disposal. A minimum of one week should elapse between
sampling. At each sampling a minimum of tw replicate
measurements for each value or concentration should be
made.
I 8
{
/
' -
b. During Operation -During operation or for a period of
one year, whichever is shorter, all wells must be
sampled rronthly.
c. Post Closure -Each well must be sampled on a semiannual
basis.
3. Surface Water
a. Background -EPA Region IV will designate surface water
sampling locations. These locations will include, at a
minimum, t'wO (2) sampling points per surface water body
(one upstream and one downstream). Each of these points
will be sampled each ti.me the background samples are
taken for ground water quality.
b. During Operation -Each of the designated surface water
sampling points will be sampled rronthly during operation
of the facility.
c. Post Closure -Each of the designated surface water
sampling points will be sampled on a semiannual oasis
during the post closure period.
4. Chanoes in Proorarn
Upon a determination by the State or EPA that containii'€nt has
failed, t.~e sampling frequency of either ground or surface
water sampling may be rrodified. EPA may also require t11e
installation of additional rronitoring· wells and an ex;:ansion
of the list of rronitoring parameters.
5. Well location and screened elevations shall be coordinated
with EPA Region IV in the field or by telephone as
appropriate.
I. Undisturbed sarnples of the soil liner will be taken and the
laboratory permeability determined and submitted to EPA Re<;ion IV
prior to any disposal (1 sample per 25,000 square fe~t of l iner).
//
------
lln,to•d StJlr'i
t nvuonmcntJI Prott!C!1on
Agency
Hrquu, ~
J--l~1 Cn·.·tl.1ud '.~'"·•·: NL
,\tl.1nt,, · ,_. .~OJOd
;,;,11,.,,1,.1 i · .• ••;1,1:., ; l-.,r,·:.1
~. j • ' ... j . •.,I:.,;) I. ,. • I;: 1 I ( . -1 f":, f', I
~,c,p{h ;· ,l(._,i,f· 1. T1~1H1.-•.·.•:••
-------------· ------· ------------· ------
June 4, 1979
4AH-RM
Ho norable James [L llunt
Governor of ~lorth Carolina
State Capitol
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
Dear Governor Hunt:
On February 17, 1973, the United St.itc'.; Cll':;r·or::::~ntJ.l ?rOi.'..:Cth·
,~,;;ency ([PA) published final r1!qulcitio11:. in ~:.2 F,:,Jer:il P.c'iis'.:~r-
(43 FR 71~0-7164) on Polychli:r·inatcd 8i ;1 i:f!•.1ls CPC:5-;J, Jis-Gosr'l_l_
and Marking. These regulatir.ns 1-1:•r,' ,1;::r:ri ri!.:•~ by ti,•~· Fe: '·:->rt,1 ?-.::q ;-::,:r-
(43 FR 33918-339l0) Oil 1\u 1·'ist L, 19 ::~. i::-~·-,t.! rr:'.jtJlc1L.·i·r_)-::s-pr~c::!i::>·(:~---
thc dispos.:il of PCBs .:it JII"' ,;; tr nc::t ;q,:,nJ,•"i ;-;·: U1e F.i'i\ .1 U.t.:r
/\cr·il 18, 1973. and these rr@l utio,1•; r,:r:u'r-,~ :,,1L ti1? C\·:ni::r 2n,./'.Jr"
operJtor of a chc::iicJ1 1·1aste i.·,ndfi 11 w -:·,: ;-<Jr ·J1,~ ,ii:;:·os,?l of re:>:
su hmit inforr;;ation in acconi.;11,·,:-v,i:!1 S"-=~:-,n 7:;j _,::, C1K:::icc:1 .::....~e:
Landfills, to the Regional ,~d:111nis t?·<1tor :u i°<-''-'i;...'.-1.
in accordunce with the .31Jovc rrfr:rc::1,:r'i :·r":u1.-1:.ior1s . .1 fn,-:::,1; a;ir :1:-
ca~ion l'inS fi1ed 1-lith t!.is office dJu:d :>c,i:hc:--1:-~, 19r:, ;·(:quP.s~inq -
approval of a site in Harren County, r:.-ir:.h C.1rolina \·1hich \•1ill !irc·
01·med and opcr.:ited by the Stat~ of ::.,i-~i: C11·ol inil Jnrl us~d :01· '..i;-2
disposal of PCl3 contaminated soil frr,::r UI(! :iighv,a; shoulders i!? the
State and from the Fort Gragg r11 ilitJry n:s2,--1.1tion. t, public h(!ii-ing
1-.,<1s held in H.irrenton, fforth Carolinii on J.,nuc1r; •L l'J79, fc:r ~1ub'.ic
input. Tne hearing record ,'iu<; helc.i ujIe'.1 u,1c.i l Jar:uury 12, 19,:;, for
Jc:ditional written public input into tl10. J2:isinn pr-ocess.
Th<: result of EPA's revie1.,, is th.Jt t!ir. flro:~.1s,cci site •.-1ill rr;et~t ,1l i the
technical requirements for a chcrniCJl \-Jc, .... tc Lrndfil1 JS ,·equi1·cd i11
Section 7Gl.41(b), when cons tructed i n ~cc.,1·di111cc 1-;itll U1<~ enclos ed
cor,di tions to this approvJl except fur t.:1e follo\"in<J:
(l) 76l.4l(b)(l)(vi) ";\rtifici a1 l i?w:· U1ickness 30 ,nii. ur
greut~r."
(2) 751.::1 (b) (Z ) "The s i tc sll,1;; t.,,:
ne,ff2 st g rounJua te :-. "
th,, •:1:cl ose.J technical rC'-'it"::. ':',1 1;r :·,_,,,,_;c·.: t.,·, ·.-1,1i•1c r_:a-: lc,,r:;1:~.:
cn '.'.~ction <;:.,st,~!;1 undcrnc ,1t!; ~::l~ Ji;:·::· is '::;;i12_' :·r,r tile r'22s0r;s
s:c;tcJ in ::10 enclosrd !.t.:L!i::\:ci1 1·r•\•;r-·.;.
. 2-
Accordingly, the WJrren County. No1·t11 C,11·;;!;,;., -;1:c ,., :.:.-: .;.-med and c;;er:1tcj
.by the State of 1-lorth Carolina for tlH~ 0iSi;t.:•:.i: ,_,f --~ co .. ~.::.,·1hJt:::d !1 ic_,r.•.-;Jy
shoulder soil is hereby approved s,1lJ _j cct :, ·.:,•'. •.:ri:: -:';-~d ,:,~nriit:uns .:1::; a
chemical \·1aste landfill as authorized i1! .. ;;) t~f~'.-'., ?,1r:: 761. lt is uriderstocd
by EPA and the State of i'lorth CMol ina t hJt U;i:::, J;1pr::;· • .::.: i'.> ba ::2-: ::n ::he
conceptual design only and thJt the fin.::il cnw:;;::·1JCti,r. ol.:.:1s ;rnd :.;.,ecjfica-
tions (if any) must be approved in writ~:10 b_:,-cfii~ uffic2 ;;rior ta
the initiation of construction.
This approval is net to be construed to be apprcv1l f:r incineration,
storage, marking or records and monitoring. ;-;~ ~,i 11 continue ~o work
with you in any way we can to expedite :1 puhl ic health oriented and
environmentally sound solution to the PC !3 problefil in 1·l orth C~rol ina.
Sincerely yours,
-~~L{!_-~ ahn C. White (1
Regional Administrltor
E:11:1 osures
cc: Herbert L. Hyde, Secretary
NC Dept. of Crime Control
& Public Safety
Kl rsL.1 ll Sta ton, Chief
Sanitary Engineering Secbor,
Division of Health Services
NC Dept. of Human Resou~ces
Jerry Perkins. Head
Solid Waste & Vector Control
N.C. Dept. of Human Resources &
Division of Health Services
-·-----=----~---.. . ~ ~-·-·-.
_,
/
_ . ./
A.
Approval Conditions fo,· tile PCo Ui'.iiJOSct1 Site 0.-,:,ed
And Operated by the St,1tc of florth Ci,·o1inJ in
Warrer. County, ~lnrth C.::r~linu on th~ Proo~rty G2scrib2d.
in C-overnor Hunt's C2c::1r:j:?r 12, 1J?2, i\ppl i.::1.:ivn a:.; C.·ff.·:j
by Carter C. ?:J;::ie Jnd Li;:~J '.·!. f11J;-;C raund ir. De~.J ec~k 278,
Pase 252.
General Requirements (al 1
Administrator, Attention:
r~;::orts sho:~H ::i: sent to the RE:giona1
Ja;;:cs H. SC:lrbrouc;h):
1. Notify EPi\ at least tv,o we~ks in ,_id•::.11c-~ of th(; expected star't of
-construction.
2. Notify EPA at least ~,-.a ·,;eeks in cdv,rnce of the initiation of disposal
of PCB waste at the site.
3. Send EPA the data h"hich ~s r21uircd t:y 43 FR 761Al(b)(5), monitoring
systems for baseline ar.ct Oi, tne fr~quencics sp~cified.
4. 1-iaintain records as .soeci fiP.d in 43 Fi~ 761 .45(b)(3) as 'appropriate
and submit t·iithin 90 i;ins after cl r.2:;Ji"2 of the site to the P.egional
AdministrJtor. ·
5. Advise EPA irrr.iedi~tely of oily c112rHJes, cJ.lterJtians or divergences
in the operational and manage:--iJi ;,olicics and procedures as out-
lined in the documents submit.:~d ~,i c;u;1port of 1:he application.
6. Report to EPA_any instance of de:ection of PCBs throughthe~onitor-
ing program i111nediately.
B. Technical Conditions of Approval:
l. The one foot of cover to be placed only on the middle 20 feet to
30 feet of the first lift of waste to preclude shunting any infil-
tration to the side walls.
2. A soils engineering finn shall be employed to provide quality control
during the construction of the'clay-silt liner.
3. Engineering expertise shall be pnlvided by the State or a consulting
firm on-site during all operation,; to prnvide and assure conformance
with the final plans. Such assur,rnce sh.ill be furnished to the
Regional Administrator .:it the co:11µlctio11 of the project vlith a copy
of "as built" plans.
4. A record shall be plJccd or. t:1c r,·;-)nrTty i:Jced .~hich stipulates
the particular boundary o f t!12 di s;,,,-~-JI ,w~.1 Jnd •.-,2ste co+itaincd
therein with the associated 1-1asr.e r.lc ·✓acions.
5. The State shall maintain an ''.:ill ·.-11:,1 1_:1 r•r" -1ccess r ,,,:irJ i nd r:fi ,1it::ly
to pen::it access to the s it.e and r.o :",,cil1t,He cc.:llccti on of :;2.r.;ples
from r.;onitoring weli~.
-2-
6. Waste will be com~acted as ~uch ?S nrJcticJble with tracked equipment to ;:irevent settler.ent aft~r closun~.
7. AppropriJ te eros~on c::mtrol :-::c:1s:..:rC $ shJll be applied during excava-tion, filling and after clos ure to minimize erosion.
6. Trucks us2d for hauling the waste ~u~t be covered.
9. The fin-11 J1,LiS Jr.d ~-;::ei:i fi.:2.tL;:1s (! f .:iny) shall be sub;nitted to the Region2.l Ad;;iinistr.:1tor /f\ttcntion: J,imes H. Scarbrough) and written approval received prior to the initiation of co nstruction.
10. A leachJte collection syst~:.1 \·1ith .1 :;ump .-ind access 1-1hich will allow pumping out of ~n ~ collected leachate is required above and below the clay liner.
: I
.,,
I
: I
I I•
I
STATE OF NORTH .CAROLINA
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
RALEIGH 27611
JAMES 8 . HUNT, JR .
. GOVERNOR
Dear Mr. White:
December 12, 1978
..
As you know, the State of North Carolina had some 200 plus miles of highway
shoulder contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by illegal dump-
ing this summer. The State of North Carolina intends to remove this contami-
nated soil and dispose of it in an approved chemical waste landfill as re-
quired by the Environmental Protection Agency regulations promulgated in
the Federal Register on February 17, 1978 as amended on August 2, 1978.
Enclosed is our application for a site in Warren County, North Carolina,
which is presently privately owned. The State will initiate final procure-
ment action for this property upon receipt of a tentative approval from you.
We would appreciate your prompt attention to this application. We under-
stand from your staff that you will issue a tentative approval or disapproval
of the conceptual design after opportunity for public hearing. We think
it beneficial to hold a joint EPA/State hearing within 10 days after you
have completed your review of this submittal. When your tentative decision
is reached, if it is approved, we will initiate the final engineering design
in accordance with the approved concepts. When the final design is com-
pleted, it will be submitted to you for final approval prior to initiation
of any disposal. ·
My warmest personal regards.
Mr. John C. White
Regional Administrator
Environmental Protection Agency
345 Courtland Street, Northeast
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
Enclosure
cc: David E. Kelly
. \
APPLICATION TO U.S. EPA REGION IV
for
PCB DISPOSAL SITE
WARREN COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
by the
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages.
SITE LOCATION -------------------------------------------1
LANDFILL DESCRIPTION-------------------------------------1-2
ENGINEERING REPORT-------------------------------------2-6
SAMPLING AND MONITORING----------~---------------------6
WASTE VOLUMES EXPECTED----------------------------------6
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF WASTE MATERIALS-------------~-----. 7
OPERATIONAL PLAN----------------------------------------7-9
LOCAL AND STATE PERMITS----------------------------------9
SCHEDULE OF CONSTRUCTION---------------------------------9
WAIVERS REQUIRED-----------------------------------------4-6
ATTACHMENTS: 1, 2, and 3
I. Site Location
The PCB landfill in Warren County, North Carolina,is located on the
property of Carter C. Pope ·and wife, Linda W. Pope. The State of
North Carolina will buy approximately 142 acres from Mr. and Hrs. Pope
on which the trench will be constructed. The exact site location is
shown on County }lap, the USGS quadrangle sheet and a property boundary
drawing to scale on Pages 10 -12.
II. Detailed Description of Landfill
The State of North Carolina proposes to construct the PCB landfill as
shown on the conceptual sketches shown on Pages 14 -19.
the landfill will be constructed as follows:
In general,
Excavate to within seven feet of the high groundwater elevation.
Select borrow .and stockpile which will allow reconstitution and
compaction of a five-foot liner which will have a permeability
-7 of l xlO crnrs.
Construct five-foot liner in the bottom of the trench and up
the sides five feet in elevation.
Install 4-inch PVC perforated leachate collection system leading
to a sump which will allow liquid withdrawal for the relief of
any head buildup.
Plnce one foot of selected sand or other high permeability
material around the pipe over the entire bottom of the trench.
The trench will be sloped to drain to the sump.
The side slopes will be 2:1.
The waste will be pla ce d on top of the one foot of s and in lifts
as describe d in the op era tions plan.
\~1 e n all the ~aste i s i n place, the landfill vill be covered ~ith
one foot of soil (excavatcJ from trench). A 10 mil artif icial
liner will be placed on top of the one foot of soil. A 1.5 foot
layer of excavated soil will be placed on top of the liner and
six inches of topsoil will be placed on top of this.
The top surface will be sloped at about two percent to facilitate
runoff of rainfall. The top will be seeded with a perennial grass.
All surface drainage during construction and after completion will
be diverted from the landfill surface.
III. Engineering Report
1. Description of the general geology of the area.
The proposed site is located in the northeastern North Carolina
Piedmont Plateau, approximately four miles south of Warrenton,
North Carolina. The site is more than 20 miles northeast of the
maximum extension of the Jonesboro Fault.
Site geology consists of foliated and gneissic rocks striking
in a northeast direction. Predominant rock types include biotite-
feldspar gneiss, quartzitic gneiss, garnetiferous biotite gneiss,
and interbedded mica schist and gneiss. All are metamorphic rocks
which show banding, foliation, or gnessic texture. The mica
gneiss on-site is deeply weathered,forming thick layers of brown-
red clay residum soils. Residum soils are classified as: clayey,
kaolinitic, thermic; typic hapludults.
The aquifer below this site is associated with consolidated bedrock,
flows toward topographic lows, and groundwater encountered in the site
borings indicates the upper aquifer elevations. Local existing wells
on ridges and elevations similar to this site have a depth of 40-47
feet to water table. (See schematic on Page 13.)
-2-
· .. · .·
Therefore, this site does not meet the first technical requirement
of being "located in thick, relatively impermeable formations such
as large-area clay pans." Since the above is not possible, the site
meets or exceeds the remaining criteria of paragraph 761.41 (b)(l)
as follows or a waiver is requested with justification:
Required
(i) In-place soil thickness four
feet, or compacted soil liner
thickness three feet.
(ii) permeability lxl0-7 cm/s
Actual
Five feet compacted soil.
lxl0-7 cm/s permeability
Discussion: The soil characteristics as shown by the sieve analysis
and the atterburg limits and the percent moisture vs. compaction curves
indic"te that the native clay MH-CH will compact to 93 lbs/ft.3 which
-7 should yield lxlO permeability. To date this has not been vertified
by 12.boratory tJermeability. This verification is in progress, and if
the permeability is less than lxl0-7 additional depth of compacted
soil will be added so the equivalent of five feet of lxl0-7 will be used.
Required
(iii) Percent passing No. 200 sieve > 30
(iv) Liquid limit> 30
(v) Plasticity index> 15
(vi) Artificial liner
Actual
Average passing No. 200 = 65%
(See soils data attachment)
Average LL= 50
(See soils data attachment)
Average PI= 18
(See soils data attachment)
None
Dl. SC 5 S • • A • • t l f h • • ve' f u ion. waiver is rcques ea or tis requirement. The State o
North Carolina does not feel that the lack of an artificial liner wi ll
present an unreasonable risk of injury to henlLh or the environ:-:ient from
PCB' s for ':!'.e following reasons:
-3-
2.
This landfill is not a commercial facility which will be in
operation for a long period of time. It is a one-shot (90 days
open) operation for a special problem. (Soil with low concenttation
of PCB generally expected to be less than 500 ppm based on test dig,
see attachment.)
The 5-foot compacted clay liner exceeds the requirement found in
761.41 (b) (1) (i) ~ EPA-Part V-PCB Disposal and Marking.
There will be a 10 mil plastic liner placed on top of the landfill.
This "umbrella" top will be covered by two feet of soil which will
support the growth of grasses. The grass, the 2 percent slope,
drainage ditches, and the top liner will effectively prevent any
~ rainwater infiltration into the landfill.
Hydrology
The landfill is located on a hill slope well above the floodplain,
as can be seen by the location on the USGS quad sheet. There is
no hydraulic connection between the waste and any ground or surface
water. The bottom of the waste will be a minimum of 101/feet above
the seasonal high groundwater table.
YA waiver is requested for the 50 feet separation between the site
and the groundwater. The State of North Carolina does not feel that
this will present an unreasonable risk to health or the environment
from PCB for the same reasons stated for the liner waiver. In addition,
we do not believe that this requirem2nt can be met in North Carolina in
a reasonable manner by maintaining proper compliance with the other re-
quircments, keeping iu mind that taxpayer dollars must be spent to
achieve this task. This is bnsed on the fact that the ground~at e r is
within ~O feet or less of the surface in essentially all the Pie dmont
area of North Caroli~a.
-4-
3. Flood Protection
The site is above the 100-year floodwater elevation (See Attachment 2).
The runoff diversion structures will be designed to handle the "25-year
24-hour storm runoff.
4. Topography
The topography of the area is low to moderate as evidenced by the USGS.
quad sheet.
5. (i) Monitoring Systems
(a) Baseline samples of ground and surface water will be
collected and analyzed prior to the initiation of con-
struction and the data will be forwarded to EPA prior
to the issuance of the final approval. Sampling loca-
tions are shown on Page 12.
(b) The monitoring wells and the surface streams will be
monitored monthly while the site is open.
(c) The monitoring wells and the surface steams will be
monitored biannually after closure of the site.
(ii) (a) The wells are located on Page 12.
(b) The wells will be constructed as stipulated by Paragraph
761.41 (b)(S)(ii)(b), EPA-Part V-PCB Disposal and Marking.
(iii) All samples will be analyzed for:
(a) PCB
(b) pH
(c) Conductance
(d) Request a ,.,aiver for the anc:ilysis for chlorinated or;;anics
since PCB is the only chlorinated organic to be disposed in
the landfill.
6. Le;:iclwte Collection
-5-
A leachate collection system will be installed on to~of the 5-foot
compacted clay liner. The system will consist of one foot of sand
with a 4-inch PVC perforated pipe in the bottom four inches of the
sand. The entire bottom of the trench will be sloped toward a sump.
The sump can be pumped out to the surface through an 8-inch pipe.
The individual collection pipes will be connected to a header which
will drain into the sump.
l; The State of North Carolina is requesting a waiver for the leachate
collection system being under the liner. We are of the opinion that a
more practical, sound engineering design is to construct a collection
system on top of the liner which will allow any head buildup to be re-
moved quickly. This leachate collection system design and the "umbrella"
top to prevent infiltration seems to negate the need of any leachate
collection monitoring system being placed under the five feet compacted
clay liner.
IV. Sampling and Monitoring
The groundi-rnter, surface water and sediment samples will be collected and
analyzed by the North Carolina Department of Human Resources, Division of
Health Services, Laboratory Section. The samples will be analyzed in the
Division's Laboratory Section in Raleigh, North Carolina.
V. Expected Waste Volume
This sjte is expected to receive approximately 31,000 cubic yards of soil
contaminated by PCB from the state highway shoulders. In addition, there
will be nj)proxiT!l.'..ltely 8,000 cubic yarc.!s of contarainated soil from Fort Bragg,
Norlh C,-iro lina , road shoulder. (If a second site in the southern part of
the spill area ls usec.l, t_he voluu:e will be reduced to approximately one-half
at this site .)
-6-
VI. Waste Material Other Than PCB
The only waste to be disposed of in this site is contaminated soil. The PCB
contamination is 210 to 380 ppm (See sample dig results, Attachment 1).
VII. Operational Plan
(1) Record Keeping
All plans, quantity of waste received, and other information will
be placed in a permanent file. The EPA approval letter, including
a legal description of the disposal site, shall ~e filed in the
Register of Deeds' office in the Warren County Courthouse,
Warrent6n, North Carolina.
Results of all monitoring will be placed in the permanent file as
well as other necessary information.
(2) Excavation
The excavation shall be carried out as shown on the enclosed drawing.
The backfill ~r placing of the PCB waste will be as follows:
Two 10-foot lifts will be used. The trucks will back into
the open end of the pit and place the waste as near to working
face as possible without the truck wheels getting on the waste.
A track piece of equipment will be used to push and compact
the waste into place. Clean earth will be placed on the
floor of the pit as needed to keep the trucks out of the waste.
The leachate collection system will be constructed as placement of
first lift progresses. The open end of the pit will be closed
to the level of the first lift. A 1-foot layer of clean earth
will be plaL'.ed over the first lift so the trucks can be on a
clean surface and the second lift will be completed as the first.
After the second lift has been co~pleted, including placing the
-7-
residue from the runoff collection system, the open end of the
pit will be completely closed. One foot of clean soil will be
placed on top of the waste. A ten mil plastic cover on a 2 percent
grade will be placed over this one foot of soil. Two feet of com-
pacted earth will be placed over the plastic cover on a 2 percent
grade. Erosion control procedures will be utilized as required
by the Division of Land Resources, Department of Natural Resources
and Connnunity Development.
(3) Vehicle and Equipment Movement and Use of Roadways
Access will be controlled at all times. Vehicle and equipment movement
will be strictly controlled. Dust control methods will be applied as
needed.
(4) Surface runoff from the pit area will be collected in a holding pond as
shown on Page 16. The water collected in the holding pond will be
analyzed for PCB, and if negative, the water will be released to surface
drainage. If the analysis for PCB's is positive, then the water will be
processed through a carbon filter prior to release. The carbon filter,
if used, and the silt from the pit will be placed in the disposal area
prior to final closing.
(5) Leachate Collection System
Leachate collection system will consist of placing 4-inch PVC perforated
pipes on top of the clay liner graded to a sump with a stack to at least
two feet above the completed surface with a cover and lock. One foot of
porous material will be placed over the clay liner to enclose the per-
forated pipes.
(6) Sampling and Monitoring
Three monitoring wells will be placed on a line through the site. One
of the wells will be located above the disposal pit and two ~elow, with
-8-
one of the wells located at the area with the lowest groundwater.
Sampling and monitoring of the leachate collection system, the wells,
and the receiving stream will be carried out as recommended by.the
Environmental Protection Agency.
Background samples will be collected and analyzed prior to the
placing of any waste.
(7) Types of Waste
Earth contaminated with PCB. (Test clean-up analysis is enclosed on
Attachment 1.)
(8) Supportive Facilities
A six-foot ~ire fence wil: be placed around the disposal area to
prevent unauthorized persons and animals from entering.
(9) The site shall be operated and maintained in a manner to prevent
safety problems and hazardous conditions. The State will have its
inspectors on-"'Scene during all operations.
VIII. Local, State, and Federal Permits
The disposal site will be in accordance with local zoning codes. A State
permit will be issued by the North Carolina Dep_artrnent of Human Resources.
IX. Tentative Schedule
Submittal to EPA----------------------------------------December 12, 1978
Public Hearing-------------------------------------------January 4, 1979
EPA Tentative Approval Expected--------------------------January 25, 1979
Detailed Plans and Specifications Completed------------February 20, 1979
Final Approval Expected from EPA---------------------------March 7, 1979
Construction Started: (Upon completion of a North Carolin3 State ~egative
Declarati.on and as weather permits.)
Site Closed: Approximately 90 days after site preparation completed (as
\veathcr pennits.)
-9-
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October 19> 1978
Hc:1-10 IO: Nr. Robert A. Cart';f
FROH:
.
Ray E. Kelling, L~boratory Section . .. . .• ...
SUBJECT: PCB Results~ Warren County Test Cle~nup
Given. below are the PCB results for the Warren County Test Clearmp
taken on October 5, 1978. All results are qua!ltitated on tha PCS-
·Aroclor 1260.
A
B
C
E & D
(1)
170 ~/kg
0.13 r:!.g/kg
<100 1Jg/kg
tfa~h dow":l
<0.77 µz/1
Special 1
II 2
" 3
Background l ., 2.
(2)
3.8 mg/kg
33 mg/kg
0.33 mg/kg
4lµg/l
130 µg/kg
77 rag/kg
330 mg/kg
(1)
{2)
(3)
(!1)
(5)
<100 pg/kg
<i$1il l-18/kg
(3)
210 mg/kg
<190 pg/kg
150 1.tg/l
Storctge P lle
290 mg/kg
270 reg/kg
330 ng/kg
210 lil"/ko (.) "' 270 mg/kg
(Li)
41 n,g/kg .
<100 11g/kg
75 pg/1
(5)
10 ng/k~
0.25 rng/kr,
~100 µg/kg
127 µg/1
I
1-
United States Departn1ent of the Interior
GEOLOGIC.\L sun·r.y
P.O. Box 2857
Raleigh, NC 27602
Attachment 2
November 29, 1978
Mr. Jerry C. Perkins, Head
Solid Waste and Vector Control Branch
Division of Health Services
N. C. Department of Human Resources
P. 0. Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
Dear Mr. Perkins:
The proposed PCB disposal site located in Warren County at latitude
36°20'13", longitude 78°09'58", is above the 100-year flood level.
The site is located on a hilltop between Richneck Creek and one of its
tributaries. I estimate, based on flood records collected at North
Carolina streams, that the 100-year flood height is not more than 8 fee-
above average wa ter level in these creeks. The proposed site is
approxi mately 80 feet above these creeks and not subject to flooding.
NHJ:ceh
Sincerely yours,
4 2--N. H. Jackson, Jr.
1 ' Hydrologist
\
1:-:r.
MATEFll/\t_!; ~ TESTS Ur-:IT
SOILS U\D0nl>.TORY
,. . . roJ. -... -----------------------------
REPORT 0~ SAMPLES OF _So.5-.J._.f.or __ Qi,1_2,l.:U;y __ ~_.r:L ______ _..;:_;.. ___________ _
Project ___________ 4,_540.UO.l _______________ County ------~--____ JJ.s1.:i:r..cn. .--~-------------Owner----:--------------•·
Date: Sampled __ J_:-~~:-!~-----------~--.: __________ . __ Ri:cdvc<l :.._ .. ~--=~~-:::?.~~--------------ltcp:irt<::i ---~::~2:,73 ___ · _
. Sampled fr~m ___ PCB _Pit _#4 ______________ · _____________ n:r _ J. · S. _ U:citt. _________________________ · __
Submitted by ____ lf !_P. !-~:!-Eg.tl~--------------:---~------------------··• _____ _-__________ J.!)_ !.~--St.:mcfnrcl S;,cdficn'
396732-396751 TEST TTESULTS /)1 .-;J :.-_;. ------------,-----,-------r------r-----:------,------,..-----~-----~--
l'roj. Sample No. lA
cc:
396732
r• -,r
45·0 100
t• 99 ,c
%1 74
'7o 4
'i'.1 24
'lo 22
✓Hr. H. C. Adarns
Hr. w. n. Din.~ha.rr,
~oils Li.le
1D le
------------------·-....... ·•··----.. ·----·--··. ---····• -.... ··-------·
~ .,cf .
.,,roj. -__ ---------------------------··---
MATERIALS lk TESTS UNIT
SOIL~ LAElOR,\TORY
rroject _________ A • ..5:401101. _____ ----------County -------~------------------------------Owner -------------------
D!\tr.; ~nmplcd _______ ---------------.--------------Received -·----------··---------------l~pornd __ .:_ ______________ _ . , . • JI. . . .
. St1mpled from ___ Pen J?il .. u.1. ... ----------.---------------By -------. -------------------------------------------
Suhmitted by _____________________ _:_ ___________________________________ -------------------10 .. -----S tnnrJ::i rd Sj>ee:ificali
396732....396751 TEST HESULTS _.;). _:;) -?,
J'roj. Sample-No. 4B SA SB 5C 6A 6n ·-6C 7A • \
L~b. Sample No. 396740 396741 396712 395743 39G74-1-396745 3967-tG 3967,17
i~e~ninecl ::-1 Si-?ve ,,
1(; -12 -l 7 2
l'::is;;ir.r. !:10 Sieve '10 99 84 I 99 . 96 90 9'/ 100 100
l'n;1Jini:-~-iCI Si:!ve % 97 . 80 I 95 I I 92 {93 8G 97 99 .
-:o I l'ns!!i;-;;;" !.'200 Si~,. e 64 I 62 -1 fj9 48 G5 I 64 5o cJ1
. -I
41 L. 1.. -----+_.:..;..;c........---1-...;:.6_2 __ +j 45 23 64 •13 31 j_G_'7 __
P. I. ----.--=-----,-:2::..,7__;;__-___ ,_-=14-'----1-·:1'------+-2_9 __ +-5"'---f-6::;___ l 31 9
-x-:-r..-s}io-r::r, JI :/c"\ ( ) r, ';) ( ' ( )-I A-S(G) Clns~ik:i!.ion .'\-7--5.L_l_:i. .-\-7-~§.i_).~'--. ""'3_._--i_A __ -_7;._-_5 __ ill, . ..:.l::...-....::5J.;=.5_,,. J--,:--:\_.:_>f ~--' '/ 51 '>(
Texturc:.-------.-+----+-----+--•----+-----1-----l1
11
_____ ,~_· -_r_.:i_. r.-~ V••
Stotion I -=----+---+----!-------+--~-----1----.
:::::~.)~-----~~~n __ ~:~---t~~5 __ P;~,~5~~~~~~--~0G~~=~--~~c~--+-=~-2--F
________ • __ i:Q_ __ l-->1 ..... 1..__ ___ ...... h._5.!. __ . _I _ __25 1 33 1 __ 7 _____ -, _l.?._1 __ i~----·. --1----
l -89 6 OS I .. ')' t: 31 5 ...... 5 78 I S C(' ' -,.,,
-
______ _.Jc,....:.;..1 _ _J.....:.:,;:_•;c...=..:;___.....,;:...:•c....::....:=--~---=:::,:..:•..:.''..:.j..:.· _...t.....:..".::..•..::....::; __ ..L-=-:..·::...'·:....\ ! -• -••..l:1 I :::,. t,.. __ ..,__ ___ ___._ ____ ~---
-.. . ··-----·••·--•. -----··---~. i:-1::-_:~:c-:-
(
~ l Hii.
rr~i ----------------------------------
MATERIALS l)( TESTS UNIT
SOILS LADOFIJ\TORY
Prcj~ct _________ 4 • .540110.l _____ .;. _________ County _______ -___ ..; ___________________________ Ovn1;•i-______________ _
Date: Silmpled __________ "'." _____________________ Rccei~·cd -=----------··---------------He:portcd _-_________ :_ ____ _
. PCI3 Pit #4 -. . Sampled from ----------------------------------------By ---------------· __________ _
SubmH~d by ____________ .:,_ ________________________ __: _____________ ,:_ ___________________ J.9_ -----~:H.a nd :\ rd Specif ic~.li1
J2£i-Snmple No.
Lah. S:imple No.
J:"?tainecl !:•1 Sieve
l'es~in;{ :;10 Sieve
·1 •. L.
P. I. -A~'i:sfr6-
cinssiiicntion
396732-396751 'TEST RESULTS -----d:) --~
7B
396748
38
8
A-4(6)
I
7C
396749
39
8 .
A-4(4)
8A
396750
8B
396751
:~ ~;s---1------I 1'--
A-7-5(11) A-S(JJ. __ I ---1 ----;-., ----l----------i-----;.-------
'fcxturc ______ ---:+------+-----1--~ ---+----~-----1--l I ____ _
~S~tn~t~io~n-------~----r I l
Hole No. 7 7 ·8 8 . I ·-
~---t---=---t---'--------t-----=------J--... -,----~----
-_ J~J..:.!e_:~t~h~:(i_·~t __ ·C!..>===· ==t:=:o====:~-~~=~=--, ---t--=~=O=,==~~:.-_-"':-,-.:~~=~_;_g~i---'-------·-· ·-------1------.I..._ __ ·_· -=·
-------~l"h __ L-....i."-._'l.1..··7.,___L--.lr,~11-l-(\>l.;i"\>L___JL_•Ll?--~.5.-... '.:a..90aa._ _ __.:..l ___ __._ ____ ..!..-__ _J _____ _
Division of Highways
PCB PIT B0RH;G LOO
Of?'' -'';T . COUNTY DATE 4 5401101 Warren 9-18-78
~l , RE'S. ENGINEER PIT NO. PCB# li:
611 Auger -I USED 237-0001 INVESTIGATED BY J.S. Britt EQUIP.
I W /rock teeth
~ [5 DEPTifS tj e, REMARKS: i.e. groundwater data Hi:::l ~f?et P-. i::o DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL moisture content; etc. §55 !~ a:lZ FR<l-1 TO
,1 0.0 11.0 1-A Red-Brown Mica. -F-Sandy clay Dry
11 11.0 '30.0 1-B Brown Mica. Clayey silt Moist@ 20.0'
11 '30.0 40.5 1-C Brmm Hica·. Silty sand
I
'1 L.O. 5 li.1.2 Soft ,-:eathered rock_ Practical auger
refusal@ 41.2'
Groundwater:
0 Hr.-Dry caved in @ 28.5'
24 hours-caved in @ 28 .5 ,: ...
j ? o.o 8.0 2-A Red-brmm mica. fine sandy clay
'r"
"-. 8.0 38.0 2-B Bro·.m higr.J.y mica. sandy clay silt Het@ 30'
GroundHater:
0-Hr.-Drv caved in@ 35,0
24 Hr.-31t.-.Z~
3 o.o 3.0 3-A Red-brmm mica. -F-sandy clay Dry
3 3.0 28.0 3-B Brmmmica. sandy clayey silt Moist @ 19.0
Groundwater:
o Hr. -Drv caved :in@ 23.5'
24 Hrs.-22,9'
h ).0 10.0 4,-A Red-brown mica. -F-sandy clay Drv
4 10.0 33.0 4-B Brmm mica-clayey sandy silt Wet@ 27.0'
Grom1di.•;:1ter:
• 0 Hr.-Drv -'
L 24 Hr.-Dr:r
I
r---F-fine -
-
.. .. , 1Jl.VlSlOn of Highways
,.
I
... • PCB PIT BORH:G I...CXz .
D-Pf' ~-::er 4. 5401101 COUNTY Warren DATE 9-18-28
i l RF.s. ENGINEER PIT NO. PCB# 4
~UIP. USED 2;3'.;:'....000J 6n Auger INVESTIGATED BY J.S. Britt
I W!._rock teeth
I
~5 DEPTHS ~ ffi REMARKS: i.e. groundwater data
H ~ Feet p.. a:l DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL §~ FRCT-1 TO ~~ moisture content; etc.
5 0.0 6.5 5-A Red-brmm mica. -F-sandy · clay Dry
I W /ouartz lenses •·
'i 6_ 'i 2'i.O 5-B Brown mica. sandy silt .. Moist @ 25.0'
)
5 2'i.O ·:n.o 5-C Tan mica. silty -F-sand Wet@ 29,0'
Groundwater:
C-Hr. -Dr-.r caved in @ 30.0'
24 Hrs.-Dry caved in@ 30.01
, O.v 7.0 6-A Red-brown mica -F-sandy clay W/ Dry 0
quartz lenses.
r
t, 7.0 12.0 6-B Brmm mica_. sandy silt Drv
6 12.0 33.0 6-C I Tan rnica. silty -F-sa.--id Wet@ 26.0'
Groundwater:
0 Hr. Drv caved in @ 29.CJ t
I 2h Hr. -drv caved in @ 29.<h
II
7 0.0 10.0 7-A P..ed-brown mica. -F-sandy clay Dry
7 10.0 20.0 7-B Brm-m-ta.11 -F-sandy clay Hoist@ 20.0'
II
7 20.0 33.0 7-C Brmm -F-sandy silt Wet @ 25.0'
II Groundwater:
0 Hr.-d.ry caved in@ 26.7' ,,
24 Hrs. n,..,, r..<:1ved in @ 26.?lf
I
I
I
" o.o 9.0 8-A P.cd-brmm mica. fine sandy cla:r Dry 0
" 9.0 38.0 B-B Bro:-m mica. S3.."'1dy Silt 0 ?·1oist @ 26.or
• He +@ 10.0' --.
Ground'.rnter: -
0 Hr. -dry caved in@ 33.2'
2l.:. Hrs. dry caved ir1 @ 33'
-F-= fine ,.,
. -
..
3
'1" 4
0
b c.o
~
·4 SR 0::
tJ)
SCALE
,, ,
1 = 100
1604
SOIL
6
7
at
8
PATH
5
2
1
0.5 Ml LE
PCB PIT -SlTE N
PROJFCT NO . 4 .5401101
COUNTY WARREN
PROJ. GEOLOGIST J.S. BRITT
DATE 9-18-78