9223_BuffaloeLCID_20160411_App_DIN25947

Buffaloe LCID Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility

Wake County, North Carolina
NC DEQ Permit #92-23 (LCID and TP)

Permit Renewal

March 2016

1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208, Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
03/31/2016

RECEIVED VIA EMAIL
SOLID WASTE SECTION
04/11/2016
Scanned By Date DOC ID Permit
Backus

04/11/2016 25947 9223-LCID-

1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208, Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
April 8, 2016

Pat Backus North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646 RE: Buffaloe LCID Landfill, Inc.
Permit Renewal

Dear Ms. Backus:
This Permit Renewal for the Buffaloe LCID Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility (Permit
92-23 LCID and TP) located in Raleigh, N.C. is submitted on behalf of Buffaloe LCID
Landfill, Inc. and is prepared to satisfy the requirements of North Carolina Solid Waste
Management Rule 15A NCAC 13B .560.
We sincerely appreciate your assistance in this process. Thank you for your
consideration, and please do not hesitate to contact us with any questions.
Sincerely, GARRETT & MOORE, INC.

Bernie Garrett, PE
Buffaloe LCID Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility
Permit Renewal Application

Contents
1 Permit Renewal ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Operational Owner ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Property Owner ................................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Siting Criteria .................................................................................................................... 2
2 Operation Plan ........................................................................................................................ 3
3 Site Plan ................................................................................................................................. 4
3.1 Current Site Plan .............................................................................................................. 4
3.2 Cross Section ................................................................................................................... 4
4 Permit Drawings ...................................................................................................................... 5

Attachments
1 – Wake County GIS Map
2 – Operations Plan
3 – Site Plan

Section 1
Permit Renewal

1
1 Permit Renewal

1.0 Background
Buffaloe Land Clearing and Inert Debris (LCID) Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility is a solid waste management facility located south of Raleigh at 5525 Academy Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27603, approximately 2 miles south of the US 401 - US 70 junction in the
Swift Creek Township.
The landfill and processing area were originally permitted separately with the landfill operation under Permit 92-O and the processing area under Permit No. 92-23-TP. The
combined operations are now combined under Permit 9223-LCID-.

1.1 Operational Owner

The facility is owned and operated by William Buffaloe Land LLC dba Buffaloe Landfill. The contacts for the facility are as follows:

Facility Contact: Mr. Merrick Buffaloe
Buffaloe Landfill
5525 Wake Academy Drive Raleigh, NC 27603
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Billing Contact: Mr. Ken Jensen
Buffaloe Landfill
5525 Wake Academy Drive
Raleigh, NC 27603
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

1.2 Property Owner

The property owner and Wake County deed reference for the facility is as follows:
Property Owner: Family Estate Trust under will of William S. Buffaloe, Bonnie B. Tilley,
Trustee
Deed Book: 14450
Section 1
Permit Renewal

2
Deed Pages: 02566-02571
PIN: 0791736482
Area (acres): 197.62
A map of the property from the Wake County GIS and a copy of the property deed are
included in Attachment 1.

1.3 Siting Criteria

Application requirements set forth in Section .0564 addressing siting criteria of the Solid
Waste Management Rules (15A NCAC 13B) are addressed below:
Local Government Approval – This permit application is for the renewal of a permit for an
existing facility and therefore no local government approval is required.
Wetlands Determination – This permit application is for the renewal of a permit for an
existing facility and there are no proposed changes to the landfill area or stormwater
management features, therefore no wetland determinations or permitting is required.
Historical – Archaeological Sites – This permit application is for the renewal of a permit
for an existing facility and there are no proposed changes to the landfill area or stormwater
management features, therefore no historic/archaeological determinations or permitting
is required.
Endangered Species – This permit application is for the renewal of a permit for an existing
facility and there are no proposed changes to the landfill area or stormwater management
features, therefore no endangered species determinations or permitting is required.
Sedimentation and Erosion Control - This permit application is for the renewal of a permit
for an existing facility and there are no proposed changes to the landfill area or stormwater
management features, therefore no sedimentation or erosion control determinations or
permitting is required.

Section 2
Operations Plan

3
2 Operation Plan

See attached operations plan for the facility included as Attachment 2.
Section 3
Site Plan

4
3 Site Plan

3.1 Current Site Plan

A current site plan is included as Attachment 3. The site plan is based on aerial
topography dated February 2016. The site plan includes approximate limits of waste for
Phases 2-7 as adapted from the 2002 Permit Drawings (see Section 4).
The wood processing area is currently located on top of the LCID Landfill.

3.2 Cross Section

A cross section is provided on the site plan illustrating the fill heights and slopes for the
current conditions.

Section 4
Permit Drawings

5
4 Permit Drawings

4.1 Permit Drawings
The current permit drawings, Buffaloe LCID Landfill Expansion Phases 2-7 Permit
Drawings April 2002, are on file with NCDEQ.

DisclaimeriMaps makes every effort to produce and publish the most current and accurate information possible.However, the maps are produced for information purposes,and are NOT surveys. No warranties, expressed or implied,are provided for the data therein, its use,or its interpretation.
0 860 1,720430 ft
1 inch = 800 feet±
Wake GIS Property Line - Buffaloe LCID Landfill

Buffaloe LCID Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility

Wake County, North Carolina
NC DEQ Permit #92-23 (LCID and TP)

Operations Plan

March 2016

1100 Crescent Green Drive, Suite 208, Cary, North Carolina 27518 • O: 919-792-1900 • F: 866-311-7206
i
Buffaloe LCID Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility
Operations Plan

Contents
SECTION 1.0 - GENERAL FACILITY OPERATIONS .................................................... 1
SECTION 2.0 - WASTE HANDLING OPERATIONS ....................................................... 5
SECTION 3.0 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ...................................................... 9
SECTION 4.0 - CONTINGENCY PLAN ........................................................................ 11
Appendix 1 - WASTE SCREENING AND INSPECTION PROGRAM ........................... 13
Appendix 2 - HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTINGENCY PLAN ....................................... 16
Appendix 3 - FIRE OCCURRENCE NOTIFICATION FORM ......................................... 18

1
SECTION 1.0 - GENERAL FACILITY OPERATIONS
1.1 OVERVIEW
This Operations Plan was prepared for the Buffaloe Land Clearing and Inert Debris (LCID)
Landfill (Phases 2 - 7) and the wood recycling facility (Facility). Revisions to the
Operations Plan should be reviewed and approved by the Design Engineer.
1.2 CONTACT INFORMATION
For fire, medical, or police emergencies dial 911.
All correspondence and questions concerning the operation of the facility should be
directed to the appropriate personnel listed below.
1.2.1 Buffaloe Landfill, Administrative Offices
Merrick Buffaloe, Operator
5525 Academy Drive
Raleigh, NC 27603
Telephone [phone]
Fax [phone]
For After Hours Emergencies:
Phone: [phone] (Merrick Buffaloe)
1.3 ACCESS CONTROL
Access to the site will be limited to the operational hours posted. Current operating hours
are as follows:
Monday 7AM–4:45PM
Tuesday 7AM–4:45PM
Wednesday 7AM–4:45PM
Thursday 7AM–4:45PM
Friday 7AM–4:45PM
Saturday 8–11:45AM
Sunday Closed

Limiting access to the Facility is important for the following reasons:
• Prevention of unauthorized and illegal dumping of waste materials,
• Trespassing, and possible injury resulting therefrom, is discouraged,
• The risk of equipment theft or vandalism is greatly reduced.
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Access to active areas of the landfill will be controlled by a combination of fences and
natural barriers, such as the creeks, and strictly enforced operating hours. A landfill
attendant will be on duty at all times when the facility is open for public use to enforce
access restrictions.
1.3.1 Physical Restraints - The site will be accessed only via the main entrance along
Academy Drive. A gate house is located for waste receiving and customer/visitor check
in. The entrance gates will be securely locked during non-operating hours. Otherwise, the
site is inaccessible.
1.3.2 Security - Frequent inspections of gates and fences will be performed by landfill
personnel. Evidence of trespassing, vandalism, or illegal operation will be reported to the
Owner.
1.4 SIGNAGE
A prominent sign will provide information on operating hours, operating procedures, and
acceptable wastes. Additional signage will be provided within the landfill complex to
distinctly distinguish the roadway to the LCID landfill active disposal area. Service and
maintenance roads will be clearly marked and barriers (e.g., traffic cones, barrels, etc.)
will be provided as required.
1.5 COMMUNICATIONS
Visual communications will be maintained between the LCID landfill/wood processing
area and the landfill gate house. Radios or walk-talkies shall be used for communications
between the gate attendant and the working face supervisor. The gate house has
telephones in case of emergency and for the conduct of day-to-day business. Emergency
telephone numbers are displayed in the scale house.
1.6 SAFETY
All aspects of the Buffaloe LCID Landfill and Wood Recycling Facility operation were
developed with the health and safety of the landfill's operating staff, customers, and
neighbors in mind. A superintendent of the landfill operating staff will be designated as
Site Safety Officer (SSO) and shall undergo a landfill operator's training course. The SSO,
together with the facility's management, will administer a site safety and emergency
response program to be consistent with Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) guidance. Safety equipment to be provided includes equipment rollover
protective cabs, seat belts, audible reverse warning devices, hard hats, safety shoes,
communications equipment, portable fire extinguishers and first aid kits. Staff will be
encouraged to complete the American Red Cross Basic First Aid Course.
1. 7 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
The facility will maintain on-site equipment required to perform the necessary landfill
activities. Periodic maintenance of all landfilling equipment, and minor and major repair
work will be performed at designated maintenance zones outside of the landfill.
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1.8 UTILITIES
Electrical power, water, telephone, and restrooms will be provided at the office and
maintenance buildings and in the nearby main office/shop.
1.9 FIRE PREVENTION
Fires in LCID landfills and wood waste stockpiles have become a concern to the Solid
Waste Section - not only as health and safety issues for customers, staff and the
neighbors, but long-term air and quality issues arise and the effort required to fight a major
facility fire is costly and disruptive to operations. The Operator shall be vigilant about
preventing fires and keeping access available to fight fires. Material stockpiles shall be
separated by a minimum clear distance of 25 feet on all sides to allow equipment access.
Stockpiles shall be turned once per quarter to prevent composting and the associated
heat build up. Within the landfill, periodic soil cover requirements shall be observed. An
ample supply of soil shall be kept on-hand, observing proper measures for erosion
control, and access to undeveloped portions of the footprint (additional soil resources)
shall be kept free of unnecessary debris. Portable fire extinguishers shall be kept in
operating order. The Wake County Fire Marshall's requirements for fuel storage shall be
observed. Equipment shall be kept in good working order and facility roads shall be kept
passable. A daily "ride-through" shall be conducted to look for smoke - steam does not
necessarily mean a fire is present, but continual steaming should be monitored and vents
should be checked periodically for signs of charring or detectable heat.
1.10 RECORD KEEPING PROGRAM
The Landfill staff shall maintain the following records related to the LCID landfill in a
permanent operating record at the landfill:
A Waste inspection records;
B Daily intake records - including waste type and source;
C List of generators and haulers that have attempted to dispose of restricted
wastes;
D Employee training procedures and records of training completed;
E All closure and post-closure information, where applicable, including:
1. Testing;
2. Certification; and
3. Completion records.
F Cost estimates for financial assurance documentation.
The operating record shall be kept up to date by the Owner or his designee. These
records shall be presented upon request to DWM for inspection. A copy of this Operations
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Manual shall be kept at the gate house and be available all times. All staff should be
familiar with this manual

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SECTION 2.0 - WASTE HANDLING OPERATIONS
2.1 OVERVIEW
This section describes the waste handling operations for the landfill and the wood
recycling facility.
2.2 ACCEPTABLE WASTES
The LCID disposal facility shall only accept the following wastes:
• Land Clearing and Inert Debris Waste (yard waste, stumps, trees, limbs, brush,
grass, concrete, brick, concrete block, uncontaminated soils and rock, untreated
and unpainted wood, etc.)
• Other Wastes as Approved by the NC DEQ Solid Waste Section.
The Wood Recycling (T&P) facility shall only accept the following wastes:
• Naturally occurring tree debris (stumps, trees, limbs, brush) - no grass or yard
waste
• Clean wood waste derived from construction only and pallets- no demolition
materials, no painted or treated wood, no engineered or laminated wood products
The waste streams for the two facilities must not be co-mingled! Please note that
inert debris (brick, block, recycled asphalt, etc.) may be used as "beneficial fill" at the
facility for making all-weather road surfaces and as aggregate for storm water runoff
measures, subject to particle-size suitability - consult the Project Engineer. Municipal
Solid Waste (MSW) shall be directed to an appropriate facility, e.g., the Wake County
landfill, and never buried at this site.
2.3 PROHIBITED WASTES
No municipal solid waste (MSW), hazardous waste, or liquid waste will be accepted at
this facility. In addition, no polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) waste will be accepted. The
Owner will implement a waste screening program, described in Section 2.4, to control
these types of waste. Asbestos wastes will not be accepted by the facility. Animal
carcasses will not be accepted.
2.4 WASTE SCREENING PROGRAMS
In order to assure that prohibited wastes are not entering the facility, screening programs
have been implemented. The incoming wastes receive two inspections - at the entrance
gate and at the working face of the disposal area or the raw material stockpile at the T
&P area. The following sections are abbreviated from the original Operations Plan and
have been supplemented by Appendices 2 and 3.
2.4.1 Waste Receiving and Inspection-All vehicles must stop at the entrance gate. The
attendant shall question each driver about the nature and source of the incoming
materials and record the load.
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Other visitors are required to check in. The attendant(s) may visually check the load if the
vehicle or diver is unfamiliar. Vehicles shall be selected for random screening at a
minimum of three times per quarter (i.e. three months). Procedures and forms to be used
during the waste screening activities are found in Appendix 1. Signs informing users of
the acceptable and unacceptable types of waste are posted at the entrance. Vehicles
containing non-recyclable LCID wastes are directed to the landfill.
Vehicles carrying clean recyclable wood waste are directed to the raw material stockpile
in the T &P area. Directional signs are used to guide traffic to the correct unloading area.
Each incoming load shall be unloaded at its designated area (either the disposal area or
the raw material stockpile, depending on the material type). The gate attendant shall alert
the yard operators via radio with information on the incoming load, e.g., material type,
truck description. The yard operator shall be present when each vehicle is unloaded to
make sure the material is acceptable, or he shall inspect the load soon after unloading
(prior to the vehicle leaving the premises). Each load shall be sifted to make sure nothing
unacceptable is buried within the load. If the load is deemed suitable for the designated
unloading area, the vehicle shall be cleared to exit with the gate attendant.
If unacceptable materials are found, the driver and/or owner of the vehicle shall be notified
and measures shall be taken to correct the problem - the driver may be detained in order
to compel him to remove the unacceptable materials. Ideally, unacceptable materials will
be detected prior to unloading, or they will be reloaded onto the delivery vehicle and sent
away (with directions to an appropriate facility). Any attempts to unload unacceptable
materials at the facility, either in the disposal area of the wood recycling area, shall be
documented by the operator, Repeat offenders may be banned from using the facility at
the discretion of the Owner.
2.4.2 Hazardous Waste Contingency Plan - If hazardous materials are detected, the
Hazardous Waste Contingency Plan outlined in Appendix 2 shall be followed. Hazardous
materials might be identified by unusual appearances, colors, odors, fumes, or the
materials may be hot or burning. In the event that identifiable hazardous waste or waste
of questionable character is detected at either the landfill or the wood recycling facility,
protection of personnel shall take precedence. If the materials have not been unloaded,
the delivery vehicle shall be isolated and appropriate personnel called in. If the vehicle
has been unloaded, the area shall be cleared until appropriate haz-mat personnel arrive.
If a "hot load" enters the facility, the vehicle will be directed to an isolated and unleaded
immediately, then the vehicle and driver shall be moved to safety and the fire department
shall be called. In any event where a hazardous material is detected, the Solid Waste
Section shall be notified immediately (see Section 1.2.2), and hazardous material
responders may need to be contacted. The event shall be documented by landfill staff in
the Operational Record. The driver or owner of the vehicle may be held responsible for
the cost of the haz-mat response and/or any required clean up.
2.5 WASTE GRINDING
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Grinding may occur either on landfill working face or the wood recycling area. Within the
landfill, wastes may be ground with a tub grinder to reduce airspace consumption and to
lessen the likelihood of a fire. The grinder shall be operated on a 2·foot thick soil pad with
perimeter soil berms that will soak up spills or leaking fluids, which shall be removed from
the landfill if a spill or leak occurs. The allowed grinder location shall be construed as
anywhere in the landfill, with the provision that the prescribed measures for spill control
are observed. Extra care shall be taken when fueling the grinder to avoid spills. The
Operator shall exercise proper judgement in enforcing the waste acceptance policy.
CAUTION: grinding the waste does not remove or disguise improper materials that may
be encountered in the waste stream. Solid Waste Section inspectors will be vigilant about
examining the ground waste for evidence of unauthorized wastes. The Operator shall be
equally vigilant about avoiding the placement of unauthorized waste in the landfill. A
portable container for unauthorized wastes shall be kept near the grinder. The grinder will
not be kept on the landfill unless it is operating.
The allowable waste streams between the LCID disposal area and the T&P area are
different, thus the operation of these areas shall be kept entirely separate.
2.6 WASTE DISPOSAL
2.6.1 Access - The location of access roads during waste placement will be determined
by operations personnel in order to reflect waste placement strategy.
2.6.2 General Procedures - Waste transportation vehicles will arrive at the working face
at random intervals. There may be a number of vehicles unloading waste at the same
time, while other vehicles are waiting. In order to maintain control over the unloading of
waste, a certain number of vehicles will be allowed on the working face at a time. The
actual number will be determined by the "spotter," i.e., the operator on duty at the working
face. This procedure will be used in order to minimize the potential of unloading
unacceptable waste and to control disposal activity. Operations at the working face will
be conducted in a manner which will encourage the efficient movement of transportation
vehicles to and from the working face, and to expedite the unloading of waste.
The use of portable signs with directional arrows and portable traffic barricades along the
access route to the working face will facilitate the unloading of wastes at proper locations.
The approach to the working face will be maintained such that two or more vehicles may
safely unload side by side. A vehicle turn-around area large enough to enable vehicles to
arrive and turn around safely with reasonable speed will be provided adjacent to the
unloading area. The vehicles will back to a vacant area near the working face to unload.
Waste unloading at the landfill will be controlled by the Operator to prevent unauthorized
materials and potentially unsafe conditions. Such control will also be used to confine the
working face to a minimum width, yet allow safe and efficient operations. The width and
length of the working face will be maintained as small as practical in order to maintain the
appearance of the site, control windblown waste, and minimize the amount of cover
required each day. Upon completion of the unloading operation, the transportation
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vehicles will immediately leave the working face area. Personnel will direct traffic as
necessary to expedite safe movement of vehicles.
Normally, only one working face will be active on any given day, with all deposited waste
in other areas covered by either periodic or final cover, as appropriate. The procedures
for placement and compaction of solid waste include: unloading of vehicles, spreading of
waste into 2 foot lifts, and compaction on relatively flat slopes (i.e., SH: IV max.) using a
minimum number of three full passes.
A maximum slope ratio of 3H: 1 V shall be observed at all times.
2.6.3 Periodic Cover - At the completion of waste placement on a monthly basis or sooner
if the working face exceeds one acre in size, a 6 inch layer of earthen material will be
placed over the exposed waste. This periodic cover is intended to control vectors, fire,
odors, and blowing debris.
2. 7 HEIGHT MONITORING
The landfill staff will monitor landfill top and side slope elevations on a weekly basis. This
shall be accomplished by use of a surveyor's level and a grade rod. When such elevations
approach the grades shown on the Final Cover Grading Plan, the final top-of-waste
grades will be staked by a licensed surveyor to limit over placement of waste. An annual
survey of the landfill shall be performed to confirm that lines and grades are within the
specified requirements and to facilitate a volumetric analysis of the airspace.

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SECTION 3.0 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
3.1 OVERVIEW
This section reviews the overall environmental management tasks required for the
successful operation of the LCID landfill and the Wood Recycling facility.
3.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL
A separate erosion and sedimentation control plan is provided with this Permit
Application. This plan describes the engineered features and practices for preventing
erosion and controlling sedimentation at this site. The erosion and sediment control
system consists of the following components:
1. Diversion Berms/Benches
2. Ditches
3. Down channels
4. Sediment Basin.
The landfill side slopes are designed with 3H:1V slopes and diversion berms or benches
placed at slope breaks. These features are designed to keep water volumes and
velocities low enough to minimize erosion of the landfill cover. Maintenance of the cover
system will involve periodic mowing and repair of any erosion problems and bare spots.
These features will be inspected at least once a month and after any significant rainfall
events.
The down channels are designed to carry concentrated flows of surface water from the
landfill surface. The down channels will be inspected at least once a month and after any
significant rainfall event.
Additional erosion control measures have been taken within the drainage channels and
at points of storm water discharge. All final cover areas should be inspected regularly for
erosion damage and promptly repaired.
Stormwater run-off from the LCID landfill and the Wood Recycling facility is conveyed to
the existing sedimentation basins located outside the landfill footprint. The basins should
be inspected regularly for sediment build-up or erosion damage. The basin should be
cleaned out by excavating when sediments fill the lower half of the basin.
3.3 LANDFILL GAS CONTROL
Due to the nature of the waste disposed in this landfill, landfill gas control is not anticipated
to be of concern. No methane monitoring is prescribed for this facility.

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3.4 VECTOR CONTROL
Due to the nature of the waste disposed in this landfill, vector control will not be of
concern. Note that the use of periodic cover will discourage animals from nesting in the
waste.
3.5 ODOR CONTROL
Due to the nature of the waste disposed in this landfill, odor control will not be of concern.
3.6 DUST CONTROL
Dust related to waste hauler traffic on the access roads will be minimized by using a water
truck to limit dust on the gravel portion of the road. Dust generated by excavation of cover
soil will be limited by watering the cut soil areas. Staff should avoid breathing in dust
generated by the operations.

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SECTION 4.0 - CONTINGENCY PLAN
4.1 SEVERE WEATHER CONDITIONS
Unusual weather conditions can directly affect the operation of the facility. Some of these
weather conditions and recommended operational responses are as follows.
4.1.1 Ice Storms - An ice storm can hinder access and prevent safe movement or
placement of periodic cover, and, thus, may require closure of the landfill until the ice is
removed or has melted.
4.1.2 Heavy Rains - Exposed soil surfaces can create a muddy situation in some portions
of the facility during rainy periods. Proper drainage control and use of crushed stone on
unpaved roads should provide all-weather access and protect drainage away from critical
areas. In areas where the aggregate surface is washed away or otherwise damaged,
aggregate should be replaced.
Intense rains can affect newly constructed drainage structures such as swales,
diversions, cover soils, and vegetation. After such a rain event, inspection by staff will be
initiated and corrective measures taken to repair any damage found before the next
rainfall.
4.1.3 Electrical Storms -The open areas of the facility are susceptible to the hazards of
an electrical storm. If necessary, facility activities will be temporarily suspended during
such an event. To promote the safety of field personnel, refuge will be taken in buildings
or in rubber-tire vehicles.
4.1.4 Windy Conditions - Blowing debris can constitute safety hazards and/or
environmental concerns. Normally, this authorized waste stream should not be
susceptible to light wind, but high winds could blow smaller debris. Daily operations
should minimize exposure to prevailing winds - operations should be sheltered by locating
activities on the lee-side of slopes and other natural wind barriers. The work area may
need to be temporarily shifted to a more sheltered area.
4.1.5 Violent Storms - In the event of a hurricane, tornado, or severe winter storm warning
issued by the National Weather Service, facility operations should be temporarily
suspended until the warning is lifted. If there is adequate time, soil cover should be placed
on exposed waste (in the landfill), and buildings and equipment should be properly
secured. If there is eminent danger to staff, personal safety shall take precedence over
concerns regarding the waste or equipment.
4.2 FIRE IN THE FACILITY
The waste may compost under normal circumstances and attain high enough
temperatures to combust.
Telltale early signs of fires in stockpiles or the in-situ waste may be smoke or charring
observed at "vents" (cracks in the surface). It is normal to see steam rising from the waste,
especially on cold mornings - this does not necessarily indicate a fire, but areas that steam
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frequently should be watched closely. In the event of an actual fire, steps should be taken
to safeguard site workers and the general public, including notifying the fire department
and the Solid Waste Section specialist.
4.2.1 Minor Fires - The possibility of a brush fire or a piece of equipment must be
anticipated. A combination of factory installed fire suppression systems and/or portable
fire extinguishers shall be operational on all heavy pieces of equipment at all times.
Spreading dirt or using water on a small surface fire is effective. For larger or more serious
outbreaks, call the local fire department.
4.2.2 Hot Loads - The gate attendant shall prevent vehicles containing waste that is
suspected to be hot, e.g., smoldering or smoking. If a "hot" load is detected at the
entrance gate, the driver shall be directed to an isolated location away from the public
(but accessible to fire-fighting equipment), and the driver shall dump the load on the
ground and move the truck to a safe location - emphasis shall be placed on the driver and
staff's safety first, and the then the truck if safe enough to do so. If a hot load is placed on
the working face, then the load will be spread as thin as possible and cover soil will be
immediately placed on the waste to extinguish the fire.
4.2.3 Major Fires - If the waste catches fire, efforts will be made to extinguish the fire by
smothering it with dirt. Stockpiles of dirt should be kept on hand during the operational
phases in order to combat a fire. Water is the least desirable means of fighting a large
landfill fire, but placing water on a small fire is acceptable. The application of water has
not proven to be an effective means of extinguishing deep fires in LCID landfills. It should
be realized that water used to fight a fire will become a water quality issue. The most
effective means of combating a fire in the waste is to carefully excavate the fire and
smother it with dirt. All fires should be reported to the Solid Waste Inspector or Area
Specialist.

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Appendix 1 - WASTE SCREENING AND INSPECTION PROGRAM
BUFFALOE LCID LANDFILL AND WOOD RECYCLING FACILITY
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This waste screening program is designed to prevent prohibited wastes from entering the
facility and designated landfill. Prohibited wastes include hazardous wastes, PCB
wastes, and other wastes prohibited by state or local regulations or permit conditions. The
Facility is NOT permitted to accept asbestos wastes.
Personnel shall be trained in recognition of hazardous and otherwise prohibited wastes,
and procedures for accepting or rejecting wastes shall be implemented.
2.0 PROHIBITED WASTES
This facility is allowed to receive wastes classified as Land Clearing Inert Debris.
The facility shall not accept the following:
• Construction and demolition debris - except clean wood waste
• Municipal/commercial solid wastes and household waste
• Hazardous wastes
• Special wastes - except as permitted by the Solid Waste Section
• PCB wastes
• Other prohibited wastes
3.0 LOAD INSPECTION PROGRAM
The purpose of the load inspection program is to detect prohibited wastes and discourage
attempts to handle them at the facility.
3.1 INITIAL PROCEDURES
The initial step in the inspection program is to review incoming loads at the scalehouse.
The operator will observe incoming loads for any indication of the presence of prohibited
wastes.
Should the operator encounter suspicious-looking loads, they will summon appropriate
personnel for further evaluation of the load. If prohibited wastes are identified during
inspection of a load, the prohibited load will be reloaded, rejected and sent back to the
generator.
3.2 WASTE SCREENING SCHEDULE AND DOCUMENTATION
A waste screening form follows this text; this (or a similar form) shall be used for random
load inspections and for documentation of rejected waste loads. The inspections are to
be conducted on a random basis, at a minimum of twice per day, including (but not limited
to) any suspicious load (e.g., that which might contain prohibited or unauthorized wastes).
3.3 LOAD INSPECTION PROCEDURES
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The major elements of load inspections are:
• spread, break up, and visually examine wastes
• flag suspicious wastes
• maintain proper records
The origin of all loads is identified prior to proceeding onto the scales and tipping floor. All
load inspections are performed at the tipping floor. The Facility Manager will train facility
operations employees in waste identification procedures.
4.0 PROHIBITED OR UNAUTHORIZED WASTES
4.1 IDENTIFYING PROHIBITED WASTES
• Questioning the driver about the source of the load and the nature of generators.
• Examining product labels, especially warning labels.
• Rejecting bulk liquids in containers and sludges.
• Separating powders, granular material or materials with unusual colors for
evaluation and possible rejection.
• Inspecting containers to ensure that they are empty or do not contain prohibited
wastes.
• Inspecting for "hot loads" (smoldering or burning materials) emitting fumes or
vapors.
• Evaluating the load for odors that are not characteristic of C&D waste.
• Inspectors should never inhale vapors from suspicious materials or containers
because this may lead to injury or death.
• Searching for special items that have a high probability of containing prohibited
waste:
- transformers
- batteries
- filters
- compressors (freon)
- mechanical equipment (capacitors)
- red bags (medical waste)
- bags that may contain asbestos (without prior notification to the operator)
- obvious prohibited wastes such as tires, etc.
4.2 MANAGING PROHIBITED WASTES
The results of the load inspection will identify wastes as:
• Acceptable
• Prohibited
Acceptable waste can be moved from the tipping area to the LCID disposal area or the
wood waste raw material stockpile, depending on the material type. LCID materials and
clean wood wastes (C&D) for recycling shall always be kept separate. The inspection
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area should be cleaned to the extent that materials from this inspection do not impact the
next load to be inspected.
Prohibited wastes detected during the inspection shall be prevented from being unloaded
(if possible) and/or reloaded onto the delivery vehicle (if safe to do so) - in such cases the
driver shall be advised of the hazardous waste contingency plan (see below). A
contingency plan for removal/clean-up of hazardous, liquid or other unacceptable waste
follows.
Refer to the HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTINGENCY PLAN (Appendix 3).
5.0 TRAINING
The management staff, equipment operators, and scale house staff will be trained in the
contents of this plan. Training will address the following topics:
• Inspection of tipping area and load inspection procedures.
• Identification of hazardous wastes, PCB wastes and other prohibited wastes.
• Waste handling procedures (acceptable and prohibited wastes).
• Health and safety.
• Record keeping.
6.0 RECORD KEEPING
Records of all incoming waste should be kept by the facility - at a minimum, the date,
tonnage, material type and hauler should be recorded.
Random waste screening forms and hazardous waste records, if any, shall be kept in a
file at the facility office - i.e., the Operating Record - and these records shall be available
for inspection at any time by Solid Waste Section compliance inspectors.
If prohibited wastes are detected requiring notification of haulers and/or regulatory
agencies, records of time of notification, the agency and individuals contacted with phone
numbers, and the information that was reported.
Records documenting the successful completion of training will be maintained on-site.

WASTE SCREENING FORM
Day /Date:
Truck Owner:
Truck Type:
Weight:
Facility I.D.
Permit No.
Time Weighed in:
Driver Name:
Vehicle ID!fag No:
Tare:
Waste Generator I Source:----------------------------
Inspection Location:
Reason Load Inspected: Random Inspection
Detained at Scales
Detained by Field Staff
Description of Load:
Staff Initials
Staff Initials
Staff Initials
Approved Waste Determination Form Present? (Check one) Yes __ _ No
Load Accepted (signature) Date
Load Not Accepted (signature) Date
NIA_
Reason Load Not Accepted (complete below only ifload not accepted) ------------
Description of Suspicious Contents: Color ___ Haz. Waste Markings-----
Texture___ Odor/Fumes. _______ _
Drums Present Other----------
Est. Cu. Y ds. Present in Load
Est. Tons Present in Load
(describe) ________ _
Identified Hazardous Materials Present: ______________________ _
County Emergency Management Authority Contacted? Yes __ _ No
Generator Authority Contacted?
Hauler Notified (check if waste not accepted)? __ Phone------Time Contacted--~
Final Disposition of Load----------------------------
Signed
Solid Waste Director
Attach related correspondence to this fomt File completed form in Operating Record.
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Appendix 2 - HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTINGENCY PLAN
BUFFALOE LCID LANDFILL AND WOOD RECYCLING FACILITY
1.0 HOT LOADS CONTINGENCY PLAN
In the event of a "hot" load attempting to enter the facility, the scale house staff will turn
away all trucks containing waste that is suspected to be hot, unless there is imminent
danger to the driver, in which case the situation will be treated as a fire - the vehicle will
be isolated away from structures and other traffic and the fire department will be called.
The vehicle driver will be instructed unload - if safe to do so - and to move the vehicle to
a safe location. Other traffic will be redirected to another portion of the tipping area (away
from the fire), or other waste deliveries may be suspended until the fire is out. Facility staff
may assist the fire department (at the scene manager's direction) by smothering the fire
with dirt from an on-site stockpile. If the fire cannot be controlled, the fire department will
be notified and the area cleared of nonessential personnel. Once the fire is out the waste
shall be inspected in accordance to the Waste Screening Plan (Appendix 2) and, if the
material is deemed acceptable under the waste acceptance criteria, it will be loaded into
transport vehicles. If the material is not acceptable, it will be loaded back onto the delivery
vehicle and sent to an appropriate landfill.
2.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE EMERGENCIES CONTINGENCY PLAN
In the event that an obvious hazardous waste is detected, appropriate steps shall be
implemented to safeguard the staff and public. Hazardous waste identification may be
based on (but not limited to) the detection of strong odors, fumes or vapors, unusual
colors or appearance (e.g., liquids), smoke, flame, or excess dust. All waste receipts shall
be suspended and non-essential personnel cleared from the facility. The fire department
will be called immediately in the event a hazardous material is detected. The waste will
not be allowed to unload if hazardous waste is detected in advance of unloading.
If unloaded waste is deemed to be hazardous, an attempt will be made to isolate the
wastes in a designated area where runoff is controlled, and/or personnel will be cleared
from the vicinity of the waste. Staff will act prudently to protect personnel, but no attempt
will be made to remove the material until trained emergency personnel (fire department
or haz-mat team) arrive.
The Operator will notify the Division of Waste Management regional specialist that an
attempt was made to dispose of hazardous waste at the facility. If the vehicle attempting
disposal of such waste is known, attempts will be made to prevent that vehicle from
leaving the site until it is identified (license tag, truck number driver and/or company
information) or, if the vehicle leaves the site, immediate notice will be served on the owner
of the vehicle that hazardous waste, for which they have responsibility, has been disposed
of at the facility. The cost of the removal and Buffaloe LCID and Wood Waste Recycling
disposing of the hazardous waste may be charged to the owner of the vehicle involved.
Any vehicle owner or operator who knowingly dumps hazardous waste in the landfill may
be barred from using the facility and/or reported to law enforcement authorities.
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3.0 NON-EMERGENCY HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTINGENCY PLAN
Some wastes that are considered as hazardous or otherwise prohibited from the facility
– even those that do not constitute an emergency - may require special handling by
licensed contractors.
Such materials shall be prohibited from being unloaded, if possible, and the driver of the
delivery vehicle made aware of options for legal disposal (addressed below). Some
hazardous materials may be inadvertently unloaded at the facility and require the services
of licensed contractors, who will be sought to dispose of the prohibited materials.
Should such materials be detected at the facility after unloading, the materials will be
located to a holding area away from personnel and away from drainage ways, isolated to
prevent contact with water or runoff (e.g., covering with tarps, surrounding the materials
with absorbent booms or soil berms, as appropriate), and the appropriate licensed
contractor contacted immediately. In either case (still loaded or unloaded), arrangements
shall be made for the isolated materials to be removed as soon as possible.
4.0 RECORD KEEPING
State notification is required whenever a hazardous or PCB waste is detected. Records
of these notifications will be kept and will include the date and time of notification, agency
and individual contacted with phone numbers, and the information that was reported.
Any hazardous waste found at the facility that requires mitigation under this plan shall be
documented by staff using the Waste Screening Form provided in Appendix 2. Records
of information gathered as part of the waste screening programs will be maintained
throughout the operational life of the facility.
SPECIAL NOTE: The Operator of this facility is encouraged to keep a current list of
Hazardous Waste Responders handy, as the firms and/ or contact numbers may change
over time.

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Appendix 3 - FIRE OCCURRENCE NOTIFICATION FORM
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITY
FIRE OCCURRENCE NOTIFICATION
NC DENR Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
Notify the Section verbally within 24 hours and submit written notification within 15 days of the occurrence.
(If additional space is needed, use back of this form.)
NAME OF FACILITY:PERMIT #
DATE AND TIME OF FIRE:@
HOW WAS THE FIRE REPORTED AND BY WHOM:
LIST ACTIONS TAKEN:
WHAT WAS THE CAUSE OF THE FIRE:
DESCRIBE AREA, TYPE, AND AMOUNT OF WASTE INVOLVED:
WHAT COULD HAVE BEEN DONE TO PREVENT THIS FIRE:
DESCRIBE PLAN OF ACTIONS TO PREVENT FUTURE INCIDENTS:
NAME:TITLE:DATE:
***********************************************************************************************************
THIS SECTION TO BE COMPLETED BY SOLID WASTE SECTION REGIONAL STAFF
DATE RECEIVED _________________________________
List any factors not listed that might have contributed to the fire or that might prevent occurrence of future fires:
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FOLLOW-UP REQUIRED:
NO PHONE CALL SUBMITTAL MEETING RETURN VISIT BY:____________________ (DATE)
ACTIONS TAKEN OR REQUIRED:
Revised 6/8/09
03/31/2016
03/31/2016
03/31/2016