NCD980602163_20000301_Warren County PCB Landfill_SERB C_Health & Safety and Emergency Response Plans-OCR

WARREN COUNTY
PCB LANDFILL
HEAL TH & SAFETY
and
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PLANS
Prepared for:
North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
E.-.'V'ire>.-. ... e-.-.t..-■., ■.-.c_
BF A Environmental Consultants
Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc.
MARCH 2000
WAR.REN COUNTY
PCB LANDFILL
HEAL TH & SAFETY
PLAN
Prepared for:
North Carolina
Department of E.nviro·nment
and Natural Resources
Div1is1ion of Waste Ma,nagement
E.,._irc.11'11 ... Et ... tat ■-■ ... c_
BF A Environmental Consultants
Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc.
MARCH 2000
Health & Safety Plan
Minimum Requirements
For
THE WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL DETOXIFICATION
WARREN COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
The North Carolina Department of Environment
And Natural Resources
Prepared by:
ETG Environmental, Inc.
16 Hagerty Boulevard
West Chester, Pennsylvania 19382
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. l
1.1 Statement of Health and Safety Policy ................................................................................ I
1.2 Scope and Applicability of the Operational Health and Safety Plan ................................... 1
1.3 Visitors, Vendors, Skilled Support Personnel... .................................................................. 2
1.4 Site History/Description ..................................................................................................... .2
1.5 Scope of Work and Treatment Systems ............................................................................. .4
1.6 Applicable Standards .......................................................................................................... 5
l.7 Site Health and Safety Documentation ............................................................................... 5
2.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF KEY PERSONNEL AND
MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Key Personnel ..................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Organizational Responsibility ............................................................................................. 6
2.3 Supervisor Safety Responsibility ........................................................................................ 7
2.4 Employee Safety Responsibility ......................................................................................... 7
2.5 Subcontractor Responsibilities ............................................................................................ 7
3.0 SCOPE OF WORK AND RISK ASSESSMENT ............................................................................. 8
3.1 Scope of Work .................................................................................................................... 8
3.1.1 Preconstruction Activities ..................................................................................... 8
3.1.2 Site Preparation ..................................................................................................... 8
3. l .3 Mobilization and Process Setup ............................................................................ 9
3.1.4 Perfonnance Demonstration and Full Scale Operation ......................................... 9
3.1.5 Decontamination and Site Restoration ................................................................ I 0
3 .1 .6 Demobilization ................................................................................................... 10
3 .2 Task Assessment/ Activity Hazard Analysis .......................................................................... 11
3 .3 Chemical Toxicity Hazard Assessment ................................................................................. 13
3 .4 Potential Routes of Exposure ................................................................................................. 13
3.5 Physical Hazards .................................................................................................................... 15
3.5.1 Illumination ........................................................................................................ 15
3.5 .2 Noise ................................................................................................................... 15
3.5.3 Manual Lifting, Handling, Storage ..................................................................... 16
3.5.4 Heavy Equipment Operations ............................................................................. 16
3.5.5 Motor Vehicles ................................................................................................... 17
3.5.6 Aerial Lifts .......................................................................................................... 18
3.5.7 Fire/Explosion .................................................................................................... 19
3.5.8 Electrical Hazards ............................................................................................... 20
3.5.9 Slips, Trips, and Falls ......................................................................................... 22
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3.5.10
3.5.11
3.5.1 2
3.5.13
3.5.14
3.5.15
3.5.16
3.5.17
3.5.18
3.5.19
3.5.20
3.5.21
3.5.22
3.5.23
Warren County PCB Landfill
Hot Surfaces ....................................................................................................... 21
Confined Space Entry ......................................................................................... 21
Portable Electric Equipment/Tools ..................................................................... 22
Pneumatic and Hydraulic Tools .......................................................................... 22
Hand Tools ......................................................................................................... 23
Supports and Scaffolds ....................................................................................... 23
Ladders ............................................................................................................... 24
Rigging Equipment ............................................................................................. 25
Welding and Cutting .......................................................................................... 25
Fuel Powered Equipment. ................................................................................... 27
Cuts/Punctures (Sharp Objects) ......................................................................... 27
Crane Operations/Mechanical Lifts .................................................................... 27
Fall Protection ..................................................................................................... 28
Pressure Vessels .................................................................................................. 28
3.6 Environmental Natural/Biological Hazards ............................................................................ 28
3.6.1 Heat Stress .......................................................................................................... 28
3.6.2 Weather Hazards ................................................................................................ .29
3.6.3 Natural Hazards .................................................................................................. 29
3.6.4 Cumulative Trauma ............................................................................................ 29
3.6.5 Blood Borne Pathogens ...................................................................................... 29
4.0 SrTE CONTROL PROCEDURES .................................................................................................. 30
4.1 Site Work Zones .............................................................................................................. .30
4.2 Site Security ..................................................................................................................... .30
4.3 Spill Containment Program ............................................................................................... 30
4.4 Site Sanitation ................................................................................................................... 31
4.5 On/Off Site Communications ........................................................................................... .32
4.6 Buddy System ................................................................................................................... 32
4. 7 Entry/Exit Log .................................................................................................................. 32
4.8 Medical Assistance ........................................................................................................... 32
5.0 PERSONNEL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 33
5.1 Hazardous Materials Training ........................................................................................... 33
5.2 24-Hour Supervised On-Site Training .............................................................................. 33
5.3 Annual Refresher Training ................................................................................................ 33
5.4 Site Supervisors Training .................................................................................................. 33
5.5 Health and Safety Briefing ................................................................................................ 34
5.6 Tailgate Safety Meeting .................................................................................................... 34
6.0 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................ 35
6.1 Direct-Reading Monitoring Instruments .......................................................................... .35
6.2 Site Air Monitoring and Sampling Program .................................................................... .37
6.3 Integrated Personal Sampling ........................................................................................... 38
6.4 Stack Gas Monitoring ...................................................................................................... .41
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7.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT .................................................................................. .45
7. I Levels of Protection ......................................................................................................... .45
7.2 Level A -Personal Protective Equipment ....................................................................... .45
7.3 Level B -Personal Protective Equipment.. ....................................................................... 46
7.4 Level C -Personal Protective Equipment.. ....................................................................... 46
7.5 Level D -Modified, Personal Protective Equipment.. ..................................................... .47
7.6 Level D -Personal Protective Equipment ....................................................................... .47
7.7 Additional Personal Protective Equipment ...................................................................... .47
7.8 Reassessment of Personal Protective Equipment.. ............................................................ 47
7.9 Work Activity Duration .................................................................................................... 48
7. IO Personal Protective Clothing/Equipment, Inspection ....................................................... .48
7 .11 Site Specific Levels of Protection (Anticipated) ............................................................... 49
8.0 DECO NT AM INTI ON PROCEDURES ................................................................................................. 50
8.1 Equipment Decontamination Procedures ................................................................................. 50
8.2 Disposable PPE ........................................................................................................................ 50
8.3 Decontamination During Medical Emergencies ...................................................................... 50
9.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN ...................................................................................................... 51
I 0.0 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROCEDURES ......................................................................... 54
I 0.1 Air Purifying Respirators (APR) ....................................................................................... 54
I 0.1.1 Daily Cleaning Procedures ................................................................................. 54
I 0.1.2 After Routine Use in Exclusion Zone ................................................................. 54
I 0.1 .3 APR Inspection and Checkouts .......................................................................... 55
I 0.1.4 Storage of Air Purifying Respirators .................................................................. 55
10.2 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBAs)/Supplied Air Respirators (SARs) .......... .55
10.2. 1 Daily Cleaning Procedure ................................................................................... 56
I 0.2.2 After Routine Use in Exclusion Zone ................................................................. 56
10.2.3 SCBA Inspection and Checkouts ....................................................................... .56
I 0.2.4 Storage of SCBAs ............................................................................................... 58
11.0 PERSONNEL TRAINING AND MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM ............................. 59
I I.I Baseline or Pre-assignment Medical Monitoring .............................................................. 59
11 .2 Exit Examinations ............................................................................................................. 59
11.3 Frequency of Medical Monitoring .................................................................................... 60
11.4 Drug and Alcohol Policy ................................................................................................... 60
12.0 HEARING CONSERVATION PROGRAM .................................................................................. 61
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
13.0 LOGS, REPORTS, AND RECORDKEEPING .............................................................................. 62
14.0 ACCIDENT AND INJURY REPORTfNG ..................................................................................... 63
15 .0 HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ................................................................................ 64
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Health & Safety Plan
Appendix I
Appendix II
Appendix III
Appendix IV
Appendix V
Appendix VI
Appendix VII
Appendix VIII
Appendix IX
Appendix X
Appendix XI
Appendix XII
Appendix XIII
Warren County PCB Landfill
LIST OF APPENDICES
PCB Waste Disposal Site. Warren County As Built Drawings
Historical Soil Data
Chemical Profiles
List of Acronyms
Incident Investigation Report
HAZOP -BCD Process System and Control Evaluation and Plan
(Contractor to provide)
Task Assessment Hazard Analysis
Dust Exposure Calculation Worksheet
Lockout/Tag-Out Procedures
(Contractor to provide)
Confined Space Entry Procedures
Vendor Supplied Information
(Contractor to provide)
Material Safety Data Sheets
(Contractor to provide)
Example Drug and Alcohol Policy
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LIST OF FIGURES, DRAWINGS. AND TABLES
Diagrams
Process Flow Diagrams (To be provided by Contractor)
Drawings
Emergency Facilities MPA-Drawing 011
Site Layout Drawings (To be provided by Contractor)
Existing Conditions Plan (Appendix I)
Emergency Equipment Layout Drawings (To be provided by Contractor)
Motor Location Drawings (To be provided by Contractor)
Location MAP -Drawing O I 0
Figures & Tables
Site Location Map (Appendix I)
3-2 List of Task Assessment Hazard Analyses
3-3-1 Hazard Outline of Identified Chemical Contaminant of Concern
3-5-1 Minimum Lighting Requirements
4-5 Hand Signals
5-1 Project Supervisors
6-1 Direct Reading Instruments
6-2 Work Zone Action Level Lattice
6-3 Personnel Monitoring and Sampling Summary
7-1 Initial Levels of Protection
9-1 Emergency Contact Numbers
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Site Health and Safety Plan (HASP) has been developed for the detoxification of the Warren County PCB
Landfill in Warren County, North Carolina. The project will be performed under the direction of the North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR). A Citizens Advisory Board (CAB) has been
established to work with NCDENR.
This HASP has been prepared to set forth the minimum requirements the successful Contractor must include in the
required HASP. The purpose of the HASP is to provide a document describing policies and procedures that will
protect the health and safety of all employees, sub-contractors, and related personnel involved in this project
working within the designated work and support zones, as well as protect the surrounding community. All project
activities will be conducted in a manner that minimizes the probability of injury, accident or incident occurrence.
The Contractor will provide a site specific HASP prior to initiating work activities at the site.
The Contractor's plan shall focus on the specific operational procedures, but also remain flexible due to the nature of
the work. Conditions may change and unforeseen situations may arise that require deviations from the original plan.
Flexibility allows modification by supervisors and health and safety personnel with approval from the project
Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH). All project personnel shall be required to read the HASP, receive a detailed
orientation by the Health and Safety Officer (HSO), and to sign the acknowledgement form to document their
understanding and willingness to comply with the contents. The HSO will keep the acknowledgment forms on file
at the site.
A copy of the HASP will be maintained at the Contractor's Corporate Office and at the Site. The plan will be
available and accessible to all employees.
1.1 Statement of Health and Safety Policy
The Contractor has an obligation to protect the integrity of its ' human, physical, and financial resources.
The Contractor also has the responsibility to manage their business in such a way that their resources are
conserved and utilized effectively.
The goal of the Contractor will be to :
• Furnish a safe and healthful work place.
• Hold supervisors accountable for maintaining all safety standards in the workplace and regularly
measure their achievement in preventing accidents, controlling exposures, and losses.
• Hold each employee accountable for his/her own safety performance.
• Develop and implement an effective health and safety program.
• Recognize health and safety as the first priority where there is competition with economic considerations.
• Train employees in safety procedures, work practices, and require compliance with all regulations.
• Ensure compliance with all state and federal health and safety standards and regulations.
• Provide a professional staff to support and monitor health and safety programs.
• Inform all visitors, consultants, contractors, and subcontractors concerning the health and safety
programs and ensure that they comply with these at all times while on-site.
1.2 Scope and Applicability of the Operational Health and Safety Plan
The purpose of this plan is to define the minimum health and safety requirements and designate the
protocols to be followed during remedial activities at the Warren County PCB Landfill Detoxification Site.
The applicability of the HASP will extend to all employees, contractors, subcontractors, and visitors
working on or around designated work and/or support zones.
The development and preparation of the Contractor's HASP shall be based on specific information and
waste profiles of materials and substances to be treated. If actual site conditions vary from the information
and data used to prepare this HASP, amendments shall be made to reflect those changes.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
1.3 Visitors, Vendors, Skilled Support Personnel
The Contractor will supply a drawing identifying the Support Zones (SZ) the Contamination Reduction
Zones (CRZ) and the Exclusion Zones (EZ) at the site. All visitors entering the CRZ and EZ at the Site
shall be required to read and verify compliance with the provisions of the HASP.
Appropriately trained personnel will escort visitors without Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency
Response (HAZWOPER) training, in the event that "skilled support personnel" are needed for emergency
repairs or work situations. The visitors, vendors and skilled support personnel will receive a Site
orientation prior to performing their scope of work. The orientation shall include instruction in the wearing
of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), what chemical hazards are involved, and what duties
are to be performed. Any effort where skilled support personnel are needed shall be coordinated through
the HSO in conjunction with the Shift Superintendent. The HSO will oversee all such activities pursuant to
29 CFR 1910.120 (q)(4).
1.4 Site History/Description
The Warren County PCB Landfill (Site) is located in Warren County, North Carolina, and approximately
50 miles north of Raleigh, North Carolina. A location map is attached as Drawing O I 0. The Site is situated
within a tract of land owned by the State of North Carolina that covers 19.317 acres. The Site includes a
2.54-acre landfill cell (PCB Landfill) that contains soils with elevated levels of Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) and dioxins/furans. Approximately half of the remaining State property immediately adjacent to
the Landfill is cleared of vegetation. The remaining State property is undisturbed with moderately dense
population of trees approximately 30 feet in height. A gravel road approximately 3,000 feet long provides
access to the Site from State Route 1604. A Site map is included in Appendix 1 -PCB Waste Disposal
Site As-Built.
The PCB Landfill is approximately 250 feet wide (measured in an east to west direction) and 500 feet long.
Approximately 40,000 cubic yards of soils were deposited into the Landfill from the remediation of
roadways throughout the State that were illegally sprayed with PCB oils to avoid proper disposal of the oils
under Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA). Approximately twenty percent of the soils originated from
the Fort Bragg Military Reservation near Southern Pines, North Carolina (NC) and are assumed to be of a
similar nature to the balance of the contaminated soils. The PCB concentrations in the soil ranged from
259 parts per million (ppm) to a high of 853 ppm, with an average concentration of 500 ppm. Dioxin/furan
concentrations ranged from 147 parts per trillion (ppt) [toxicity equivalent concentrations (TEQ)] to 238
ppt, with an average concentration of 200 ppt TEQ. This data has been reported in the Phase r Base
Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) study, and is included as Appendix If -Historical Soil Data.
The maximum depth of the PCB Landfill at the center is approximately 36 feet, which includes the lower
liner and existing cover. The depth at the perimeter is approximately 20 feet. The existing ground surface
of the cleared area begins at the same elevation as the perimeter of the PCB Landfill. In addition to the
PCB contaminated soils, a relatively small quantity of cement kiln dust (less than 5-percent of the total
volume) occupies the northeast comer of the PCB Landfill. Approximately one-half of the PCB Landfill
rises above the existing ground surface. The PCB Landfill was completed in 1983 .
Appendix I -PCB Waste Disposal Site, Warren County contains the as-built drawings for the landfill. As
shown on the drawings, the PCB Landfill was constructed as follows from top to bottom:
I' Top Soil
I' Fill for bridging and Liner Protection
10 Mil PVC Liner
2' Clay Liner
1' Fill for bridging
O' -24' PCB Contaminated Soils
Filter Fabric
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Health & Safety Plan
9" Sand for Leachate Collection System
5' Clay Liner
30 Mil PVC Liner
l' Fill for bridging and Liner Protection
9" Sand
Warren County PCB Landfill
The bottom of the landfill is sloped from south to north and west to east at 2% grade. A single sump was
installed in the northeast comer of the landfill approximately one foot in depth into the five foot thick clay
liner. A single PVC collection pipe was installed from the sump extending through the surface of the
landfill. A positive air displacement pump was placed into the sump and leachate from the landfill has
been pumped from the sump through a sandfilter and carbon system located at the northern end of the
landfill.
During evaluation of the potential detoxification technologies, the primary objective was to utilize a
process that actually destroyed PCBs and dioxin/furans in a non-incineration manner. The BCD process
utilizes chemical destruction to achieve this objective. The BCD process is a chemical reaction that
destroys PCBs and dioxins/furans by removing the chlorine atom from the chlorinated compound and
replacing it with hydrogen, thus rendering the molecule to a non hazardous compound. The process is
conducted in both the solid and liquid phase.
The BCD process was invented by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National
Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) and has been further developed by a few select
companies working in collaboration with USEPA and other institutional and industrial providers of
hazardous waste treatment services.
1.5 Scope of Work and Treatment Systems
The general scope of work at the Site will address the following areas:
• BCD Process Equipment Mobilization
• Site Preparation
• BCD Process System Construction
• System Performance Demonstration/Start-up
• Excavation and Treatment
• Backfill
• Decontamination
• Demobilization
• Site Reclamation
• Program Management
In overview, the BCD Detoxification System utilizes multiple components to treat contaminated feed
materials and the associated vapor and liquid streams that result from the treatment process. Individual
components of the solid, vapor, and liquid phase treatment systems are controlled by system
operators/technicians. The BCD Detoxification System will include the following:
• One continuous solid phase BCD thermal desorption unit (CBCD),
• One batch vacuum solid phase BCD/thermal desorption unit (BBCD),
• Two air pollution control systems or vapor recovery systems (YRS), one each for the CBCD (CBCD-
VRS) and BBCD (BBCD-VRS), and
• One process condensate separation and aqueous phase treatment system (PCSAPT), and
• One liquid phase BCD detoxification system (LBCD).
The Contractor shall provide process flow diagrams, P&IDs, and general arrangement drawings for the
screening and BCD blending plant, CBCD, BBCD, LBCD, PCSAPT, and storm water/decontamination
water/excavation water management system.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
1.6 Applicable Standards
All activities at the Site shall be performed in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and/or local
health and safety standards, regulations, and guidelines. These include, but are not limited to:
• Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations Part 1910 (29 CFR 1910) Occupational Safety and Health
Standards, General Industry.
• Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations Part 1926 (29 CFR 1926), Safety and Health Regulations,
Construction Industry.
• Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Parts 260-276 (40 CFR 260-276), Hazardous Waste
Management.
• Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Subchapter C, Air Programs.
• NIOSH/OSHA/USCG/EPA, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidance Manual for Hazardous Waste
Site Activities".
NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
OSHA = Occupational Safety and Health Administration
USCG = United States Coast Guard
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Standard Operating Safety Guide, 1988.
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)/National Electrical Code Standards
North Carolina Administrative Code (NCAC) Citations and Descriptions that differ from Federal OSHA
Laws (e.g. 13 NCAC 07F.0101 , 13 NCAC 0?F.0201, etc.). Note: The State of North Carolina is an OSHA
Plan State. Contractors must comply with NC-OSHA Standards.
1.7 Site Health and Safety Documentation
Record keeping requirements for health and safety are necessary to ensure accurate and complete
monitoring of all personnel. The documents that shall be retained and their distribution are presented
below and include:
Document
Final Version, HASP
Documentation of Site Specific
Training/Physicals/Testing
Maintenance/Calibration Logs of
Monitoring Equipment
Safety Logs
Incident/ Accident Reports
Site Air Monitoring Records
Modifications/ Amendments to HASP
Results of Internal Audits
Site Safety Meetings
EmployeeNisitor Register
Distribution
Site Personnel, HSO, Project File, Project Manager,
NCDENR, CAB, Local Emergency Response Personnel,
Local Hospital
HSO, Project File
HSO, Project File
HSO, Project File
HSO, Project File, Project Manager, NCDENR
HSO, Project File, NCDENR
Site Personnel, HSO, Project File, Project Manager,
NCDENR, CAB, Local Emergency Response Personnel
HSO, Project File. Project Manager, NCDENR
HSO, Project File
HSO, Project File
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
2.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF KEY PERSONNEL AND
MANAGEMENT
All on-site personnel are subject to the requirements of the HASP. Under no circumstances may work be performed
in a manner that conflicts with the information presented in the Contractor's HASP. To ensure compliance with the
provisions of the HASP, the Contractor will provide in this section an outline of the health and safety organizational
structure and personnel roles and responsibilities. The Contractor will provide a project organization figure as part of
the HASP.
2.1 Key Personnel
As a minimum, the Contractor shall provide a site specific organizational structure for personnel considered
critical to the planned activities at the site, and provide resumes for those personnel. Below is a
recommended list of key personnel to be provided at a minimum:
Project Executive -
Project Manager -
Site Manager -
Project Engineer -
Site Shift Supervisor(s) -
Corporate Health and Safety Officer -
Site Health and Safety Officer -
2.2 Organizational Responsibility
The Contractor's Project Executive will provide technical, management, and administrative direction to the
Project Manager as needed to ensure the project is progressing in accordance with the HASP.
The Contractor's Project Manager (PM) will be the primary point of contact for the NCDENR and has
overall responsibility for the project. The PM prepares correspondence, submittals, and additional project
documentation required for the project, and coordinates, schedules, and administers the Contract. The PM
prepares purchase requisitions , prepares and submits requests for payment to the client, and approves
vendor/subcontractor invoices. The PM controls all subcontractors and suppliers during site activities. The
PM shall review, approve, and become familiar with the HASP and any amendments to the HASP.
The Contractor's Corporate Health and Safety Officer (CHSO), who shall be a certified safety professional
or a certified industrial hygienist, oversees the Corporate Health and Safety Program and develops standard
operating procedures for the site activities. The CHSO is responsible for data collection activities in
response to health and safety issues. The CHSO will visit the Site at least once every six months for the
duration of activities for the purpose of performing site health and safety inspections. The CHSO shall
provide consultation as needed to ensure the HASP is fully implemented and coordinate any necessary
modification to the HASP with the HSO, PM, and Site Manger (SM).
The HSO shall assist and represent the CHSO in the continued on-site implementation and enforcement of
the HASP, due to the work schedule, 7 days per week, 24 hours per day, multiple HSO's will be employed
and has the responsibility of ensuring safe work practices are followed during all field activities. A HSO
shall be on-site full time for the entire duration of field activities, and shall have no other duties other than
health and safety. The HSO shall ensure that all aspects of the HASP are complied with as far as
preparation of records, air monitoring, use of PPE, decontamination, and site control. The HSO shall be
responsible for perimeter and personal air monitoring and sampling operations on-site including calibration
and operation of equipment, compilation and interpretation of data, and reporting and posting of qualified
sampling results. The HSO shall serve as a member of the quality control staff on matters related to safety
and health, and will consult and coordinate any necessary modification to the HASP with the CHSO, PM,
and SM. The HSO shall have the authority to stop work if on-site health and/or safety conditions warrant
such action.
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The SM is responsible for overseeing all facility operations. This individual ensures that all aspects of the
Site are operational, maintained, and the HASP is implemented and that progress is constant. The SM shall
be on-site full time for the entire duration of field activities or as the project dictates. The SM shall assist in
the development of site specific Task Assessment/Hazard Analyses (TAHA) for all principle tasks; correct
deficiencies noted within safety inspections/audits within defined time frames; and assist with
investigations of any incidents/accidents occurring on-site; and implement corrective actions. The SM shall
assist the HSO in the preparation, presentation, and documentation of daily safety meetings.
2.3 Supervisor Safety Responsibilities
Supervisors shall be responsible not only for their own safety, but also for the safe work performance of the
employees under their supervision. Before assigning work to an employee the supervisor shall ensure that
the employee knows and understands the hazards associated with the work, and the proper procedure to
perform the work safely.
Supervisors at all levels shall accept, in a cooperative manner, all reports of hazards, and employees shall
not be reprimanded or penalized for reporting hazards. Supervisors are responsible for the complete and
accurate reporting of employee injuries/accidents.
2.4 Employee Safety Responsibility
Each employee is responsible for their own safety, as well as the safety of those around them. Employees
shall be required to know and understand the rules, which apply to the work being performed.
If a condition or practice is observed that is either unsafe, defective, or destructive to the employee or
Contractor's property, or hazardous to the public or its property, it is the employee's duty to correct the
condition, if possible. or report it to his/her supervisor. If an employee is assigned work, which he/she
feels, will contribute to the destruction of equipment or is hazardous and without proper protection, the
employee shall bring the matter to the attention of their supervisor prior to starting the work. Employees
shall use care in the performance of their duties, assuring at all times maximum protection against accidents
involving themselves, other employees, the public, and Contractor's property or the property of others.
Employees shall use protective devices as required by the HASP, and shall exercise proper care and
treatment of such equipment. All personnel will follow the policies set forth in this plan and other
applicable health and safety procedure documents.
2.5 Subcontractor Responsibilities
Each subcontractor performing work on-site is responsible for compliance with all applicable federal, State,
and local statutes, ordinances, codes and regulations regarding health and safety. Each subcontractor shall
prepare and conform to a health and safety plan that provides planning at least as stringent as this plan.
Each subcontractor must identify a lead individual responsible for the health and safety compliance of his
or her employees, lower tier subcontractors, and consultants. This person shall be responsible for reporting
to the HSO, and for demonstrating compliance with health and safety procedures. The Contractor shall
perform monitoring of subcontractor personnel and shall be responsible for ensuring compliance to the
HASP.
Each subcontractor employee proposed for on-site activities within the exclusion zone must participate in a
medical monitoring program, must be certified for hazardous waste fieldwork by a licensed physician, and
must have successfully completed the required health and safety training, as per 29CFRl910.120/1926.65.
In addition, each individual will participate in the drug testing program. The drug testing program includes
testing for pre-employment, random testing and testing for cause. Failure to pass the drug test will preclude
the individual form working on the site and maybe subject to immediate termination from employment.
Subcontractor employees working on-site exclusively in the support zone (e.g. site preparation and site
restoration activities) will require the necessary training per 29 CFR 19190.120/ I 926.65 and participate in
the drug testing program.
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3.0 SCOPE OF WORK AND RISK ASSESSMENT
3.1 Scope of Work
The following is a summary description of work to be preformed by the Contractor during remedial
operations at the Warren County PCB Landfill Detoxification Site in Warren County, North Carolina. The
description is not meant to be all inclusive, but is provided as a reference for the types of activities that may
be performed during each phase of the project.
3.1.1 Preconstruction Activities
Preconstruction activities include the development and submittal of the following plans and
drawings:
• Site Operation Plan
• Air Monitoring Plan
• Final Verification/Confirmation Sampling Plan
• Construction Quality Assurance Project Plan
• Project Specific Health and Safety Plan
• Performance Demonstration Plan
• Quality Assurance Plan
• Construction Drawings
• Emergency Response Plan
Preconstruction activities include the procurement of supplies, materials, and equipment, and
personnel following the procedures set forth in the Community Outreach Involvement Plan.
In addition, it will be the responsibility of the Contractor to secure all necessary permits.
3.1.2 Site Preparation
The bid specifications and design drawings provide a proposed site preparation plan. The
Contractor shall provide a site layout drawing showing as a minimum, the location of:
• Haul roads and access roads,
• Utilities above and below ground (electric, water, fuels, compressed air, sanitary,
nitrogen, phone, lighting, etc.),
• Soil storage areas,
• Process equipment, and
• Zones of demarcation (EZ, CRZ, SZ).
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The site preparation phase will include, but not be limited to the following:
• Clearing and grubbing,
• Design, engineer, and install required utilities,
• Design, engineer, and construct support zone (office trailers, lunchroom, etc.),
process equipment facility pads, untreated and treated soil storage areas, and
buildings/pole barns,
• Design, engineer, and construct access and haul roads for treated and untreated soils,
deliveries. traffic and parking facilities,
• Design, engineer and construct stormwater drainage swales and retention basin,
• Install perimeter fencing, and security gates,
• Install weather station, and
• Baseline air sampling.
3.1.3 Mobilization and Process Setup
Following the construction of site preparation activities, mobilization of the process equipment
will commence. Activities associated with the mobilization and process setup include, but are not
limited to the following:
• Loading and unloading materials (equipment, reagents, fuels, materials, supplies),
• Lifting, rigging and placement of process equipment,
• Assembly and installation (including welding, fabrication, etc.) of interconnecting
piping, ductwork, stacks, structural steel, and supports,
• Installation and testing of electrical system components including; circuit breakers,
motor control centers, transformers, cable and wiring, cable supports, etc.,
• Pretesting process equipment and motors, and leak testing piping, tanks and vessels,
• Health and safety training, and
• Process hazard analysis.
3.1.4 Performance Demonstration and Full Scale Operation
Activities associated with the Performance Demonstration (PD) and Full Scale Operation include,
but are not limited to the following:
• Excavation, loading, transportation, staging, and backfilling of soils,
• Screening and blending untreated soils with BCD reagents,
• Sample collection and testing (field screening and/or laboratory analyses) for soils
(untreated and treated), personal air quality (work zones and perimeter), processed
oil, and water quality (process condensate and stormwater/decontamination water),
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• Stack testing (Performance Demonstration only),
• Decontamination of personnel and equipment,
• Operation and maintenance of pumps, motors, conveyors, screens, pugmills, BBCD,
CBCD scrnbbers, wet electrostatic precipitator, flame-less thermal oxidizers,
reactors, and other process equipment with moving parts, hot surfaces, low oxygen
levels to ensure non-explosive atmosphere, and/or under pressure or vacuum,
• Calibration and maintenance of instrnmentation and continuous process monitoring
systems, and
• Maintenance of electrical components and systems.
3.1.5 Decontamination and Site Restoration
Process equipment and impervious surface areas that have come in contact with potentially
contaminated materials will require decontamination prior to removal off site. Porous materials
that have come in contact with potentially contaminated materials will require disposal at an
approved disposal site. Activities associated with decontamination and site restoration include,
but are not limited to the following:
• Decontaminating process equipment, construction equipment, buildings, trailers and
process pads with high pressure and/or hot water power washers,
• Rigging, lifting and use of aerial lifts to dismantle piping and process equipment,
• De-energize and disconnect electrical services including; conduit, circuit breakers,
transformers, and control wiring,
• Containing, storing, labeling, manifesting, transporting and disposing of various
waste streams,
• Drilling activities through the landfill.
• Earth work activities to include; backfilling, re-capping the landfill, removal of
process pads and lined pond, and general site grading, and
• Installation and/or re-securing site fencing.
3.1.6 Demobilization
Activities associated with the demobilization from the Site include, but are not limited to the
following:
• Lifting, rigging and placement of process equipment, materials and supplies on to
flatbeds and trailers,
• Proper packaging, anchoring and securing of loads, and
• Proper labeling and manifesting of materials.
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3.2 Task Assessment/Hazard Analysis
The site activities that shall be conducted may involve exposure resulting from direct contact with
contaminated soil/sediment and surface water during remedial operations. Airborne particulate and vapors
emanating from excavations and the BCD Detoxification System may present potential exposures through
ingestion and/or inhalation. Due to the implementation of engineering controls and PPE, the hazards due to
the presence of anticipated chemicals are expected to be minimal.
The hazards associated with this treatment process can be classified into three categories: chemical,
physical, and environmental/biological. The Contractor must define the potential hazards associated with
each of the defined activities, and the control measures to be implemented to minimize or eliminate these
hazards. Table 3-2 is an example of a list of work activities and associated potential hazards. The
Contractor shall provide in their HASP a Task Assessment/Hazard Analysis (TAHA) for each task activity
to be performed at the site. The TAHA shall include, but not be limited to the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The scope of work for the task,
Potential physical, chemical and environmental hazards,
The personnel and training required to perform the task .
The required PPE to perform the task,
The equipment required to perform the task,
A review of any data used to determine the safe implementation of the task (e.g. lifting
calculations, etc.)
Specify the required air and personal monitoring to be perfonned,
Identify and specify lockout/tagout (LO/TO) procedures and confined space entry procedures,
if applicable,
Identify and specify any permits to be secured, if required, prior to proceeding, and
Specify contingency plan(s) and emergency procedures to be followed as a precaution .
In addition, the Contractor will provide a critical hazard operation evaluation for each equipment
component. The critical hazard operation evaluation will determine the scenario for each component
should it fail, and the contingency plan to be implemented should a failure occur. Appendices VI and VII
have been provided for these plans to be included with the Contractors HASP.
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Table 3-2 List Of Task Assessment/Hazard Analysis
Sampling (pre-work/site
Characterization)
Mobilization/Set-Up
Dewatering Landfill,
If Necessary
Treatment of Water
Excavation of Soils
Soil Screening and BCD
Reagent Blending
BCD Detoxification System
Transportation of Excavated
and Treated Materials
Site Closeout
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
Slips, Trips, and Cuts
Poisonous Plants and Insects
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
Slips, Trips, and Cuts
Poisonous Plants and Insects
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Water Hazards
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
SI ips, Trips, and Cuts
Poisonous Plants and Insects
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
SI ips, Trips, and Cuts
Poisonous Plants and Insects
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
Slips, Trips, and Cuts
Poisonous Plants and Insects
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Open Excavation
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
Slips, Trips, and Cuts
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
Slips, Trips, and Cuts
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
High Temperature
PressureNacuum Apparatus
Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere;
(Confined Space Entry)
Electrical
Heavy Construction Equipment
Eye and Face Hazards
Chemical Exposure Hazards
Truck Traffic
Heavy Construction Equipment
Noise Environment
Slips, Trips, and Cuts
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afety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Safety Training, Insect Repellent and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Safety Training, Insect Repellent and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Safety Training, Insect Repellent and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Safety Training, Insect Repellent and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE. Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training and Perso nal Awareness
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training and Personal Awareness
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Safety Training, Insect Repellent and Personal Awareness
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training and Personal Awareness
Safety Training and Confined Space Entry
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Proper Eye and Face Protection
Safety Training, PPE, Air Monitoring & Decontamination
Safety Training Flagmen, Directional Traffic Controls, Rules
of the Road
Safety Training, Personal Awareness and Safety Devices
Provide Hearing Protection
Safety Training, Protective Barriers and Personal Awareness
Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
3.3 Chemical Toxicity Hazard Assessment
A listing of all chemicals detected during prior testing are listed in Table 3-3-1 . A dust exposure
calculation was performed to determine the PCB exposure limit in terms of allowable dust based upon the
highest concentration of PCBs detected in the soils. The calculation is provided in Appendix VIII.
The primary chemical toxicity hazards for this operation are PCBs and dioxin/furans. During thermal
treatment operations, the potential exposure to identified contaminants is reduced due to the engineering
controls/equipment utilized in the treatment process.
Based on the waste streams to be processed, the greatest risk of exposure to hazardous materials is through
inhalation of vapors and dust associated with processing wastes and ingestion of PCBs and dioxin/furans
during actual material handling activities. The following chemical hazard assessment and risk analysis is
based on a review of selected documentation contained in Appendix III. For each contaminant identified,
the following specific information is given:
• Physical Properties,
• Route of Entry,
• Exposure Target Organs. and
• Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) in Air
3.4 Potential Routes of Exposure
The primary routes of exposure associated with the operation of the BCD Detoxification System are
through ingestion, contact and inhalation. Site activities that will be conducted may involve potential
exposure resulting from direct contact with solid waste streams, condensate, stormwater, and vapor and
airborne particulate(s) emanating from the BCD Detoxification process.
To reduce potential exposure to known hazards, air monitoring using direct reading instruments will be
performed for dust/particulate, oxygen, combustible gases, and organic compounds during work activities.
Personal air monitoring on employees with potential high risk exposure will be performed using personal
air pumps during the performance demonstration and initial operations. Data from such sampling will be
used to defme levels of protection and additional personnel monitoring. The personal sampling
requirements are included in Section 6.3. In addition to respiratory protection, engineering controls (such
as water spray application, covering piles, etc.) are extremely important for operations that have a potential
for generating air contaminants in excess of permissible exposure limits. These will be used on this site to
reduce exposure to known hazards.
Direct contact of the skin and eyes is another important route of exposure to be considered on this project.
In order to protect workers against potential contact with hazardous materials, they shall be required to
wear personal protective clothing and eye protection during waste treatment activities. Proper personal
decontamination procedures shall be emphasized during all activities.
Employees shall be made aware of how exposure through ingestion can occur and methods to avoid such
exposure. Deliberate ingestion of chemicals is unlikely and personal hygiene habits such as eating,
drinking and smoking which provide a route of entry for contaminants will be restricted to specific areas.
Proper decontamination procedures will help to reduce or eliminate the potential for ingesting hazardous
materials. Facilities will be provided and site personnel will be required to wash their hands, face and other
exposed parts of their skin before eating, drinking or smoking, which will be permitted only in designated
areas.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
Table 3-3-1 Hazard Outline of[dentified Chemical Contaminants of Concern
Polychlorinated
Biphenyls
(PCB) Aroclor 1242.
(Chlorodiphenyl 42%
chlorine)
Polychlorinated Colorless to pale yellow, Inhalation. Absorption.
Biphenyls sweet odor Ingestion. Contact
(PCB) Aroclor 1254.
(Chlorodiphenyl 54%
chlorine)
Polychlorinated Colorless to pale yellow, Inhalation. absorption,
Biphenyls (PCB ) sweet odor ingestion. contact
Aroclor 1260
(Chlorodiphenyl 60%
chlorine)
Dioxin, TCDD, Colorless to white. Inhalation. Absorption.
TCDD. Crystalline solid Ingestion, Contact
2.3.7,8-TCDD
Acetone Colorless liquid with a Inhalation. ingestion. skin
fragrant. mint-like odor and/or eye contact
Benzene Colorless to light-yellow Inhalation, skin absorption,
liquid with an aromatic ingestion, skin and/or eye
odor contact
2-Butanone (MEK) Colorless I iquid with a Inhalation. ingestion, skin
moderately sharp, and/or eye contact
fragrant. mint-or acetone
like odor
Chloroform Colorless I iquid with a Inhalation. skin absorption,
pleasant odor ingestion, skin and/or eye
contact
Methyl Chloride Colorless gas with a faint, Inhalation. skin and/or eye
sweet odor which is not contact (liquid)
noticeable at dangerous
concentrations
Carbon Tetrachloride Colorless liquid with a Inhalation. skin absorption.
characteristic ether I ikc ingestio n. skin and/or eye
odor contact
Methylene Chloride Colorless liquid with a Inhalation, skin absorption,
chloroform-like odor ingestion, skin and/or eye
contact
Chlorobenzene Colorless liquid with an Inhalation, ingestion, skin
almond-like odor and/or eye contact
Fluorodichloro-Colorless to water white, Inhalation, ingestion, skin
methane nearly odorless liquid or and/or eye contact
gas
Carbon Disulfide Colorless to faint yellow Inhalation. skin absorption.
liquid with a sweet ether-ingestion. skin and/or eye
like odor. contact
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SOF
~@KIT <~.,c .:,~. ·· .· \ .. t'
t\NS
Skin, eyes, liver, reproductive
system, Ch loroacne
Skin, eyes, liver, reproductive 0.5 mg/m3. [skin]
system, Chloroacne
Skin. eyes. liver, reproductive NIOSH recommended
system. Chloroacne TWA 0.001 mg/m3
Eyes. skin Respiratory I Nanogram/m'
system. I iver. kidneys
Eyes. skin. respiratof\· I 000 ppm. I DLH 2500 ppm
system. CNS
Eyes, skin, respiratory TWA I ppm, STEL 5 ppm, IDLH
system, blood. central 500 ppm
nervous system. bone marrow
Eyes, skin. respi ratory TWA 200 ppm, IDLH 2000 ppm
system, CNS
Liver, kidneys, heart, eyes, Ceiling 50 ppm, IDLH 500 ppm,
skin, central nervous system ACGIH TWA IO ppm
Central nervous system. eyes, TWA I 00 ppm, C 200 ppm 300 ppm
lungs, liver, kidneys, skin, 5 min. peak in any 3 hours
Reproduction System
Central nervous system. eyes. TWA IO ppm, C25 ppm. 200 ppm.
lungs, liver. kidneys. skin (5 min. max peak in any 4 hours)
Eyes, skin. cardiovascular TWA 25 ppm, STEL 125 ppm,
system. central nervous IDLH 2300 ppm
system
Eyes, skin, respiratory TWA 7 5 ppm, IDLH I 000 ppm
system. central nervous
system, Liver
Skin, respiratory system, TWA I 000 ppm, IDLH 2000 ppm
cardiovascular system
Central nervous system, TWA 20 ppm, C30 ppm, I 00 ppm
peripheral nervous system. (30-minute maximum peak)
cardiovascular system. eyes,
kidneys, liver, skin.
reproductive system
Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
3.5 Physical Hazards
A variety of physical hazards may be encountered during work activities throughout the project. The
hazards include, however, are not limited to heat/cold stress, noise, poor lifting techniques, potential
obstacles, heavy equipment operations, weather conditions, motor vehicles and material handling
equipment, utilities, fire/explosion, hot surfaces, electrical hazards, confined space entry, and slip, trip, and
fall hazards.
To minimize physical hazards, TAHA's shall be developed by the Contractor and incorporated into the
HASP for each principal activity and shall identify all major hazards to which employees may be exposed.
Site specific hazards and necessary precautions shall be discussed at daily safety meetings.
3.5.1 lllu m ination
While operations are in progress, offices, facilities, access ways, work areas, storage areas, etc., shall be
lighted by at least the minimum light intensities specified in Table 3.5.1 listed below. Lighting, ensuring
the condition and stability of the Site, shall be provided at all times during operations.
Table 3.5.1 Minimum Lighting Requirements
Facility/Function llluminance -Ix (Im/ft')
Access ways
-general indoor 55 (5)
-general outdoor 33 (3)
-exit ways, walkways, ladders, stairs 110 (10)
Administrative Areas (offices) 540 (50)
· Construction Areas
-general indoor 55 (5)
-general outdoor 33 (3)
Conveyor Routes 110 (10)
Docks/Loading Platforms 33 (3)
Elevators 215 (20)
First Aid Stations 325 (30)
Maintenance/Operating Areas
-outdoor maintenance areas 55 (5)
-refueling areas, outdoors 55 (5)
-welding areas 325 (30)
Mechanical/Electrical Equipment Rooms 110 (10)
Parking Areas 33 (3)
Toilets, Wash Rooms, Dressing Areas 110 (10)
Warehouses/Storage Rooms
-indoor stockroom, active bulk storage areas 110 (10)
-indoor stockroom, inactive 55 (5)
-outdoor storage 33 (3)
Work Areas -general (not listed above) 325 (30)
3.5.2 Noise
Personnel operating or working around construction equipment or power tools, will utilize hearing
protection when the average noise exposure is at or above 90 dB-A.
All personnel exposed to noise at or above 85 dB-A steady state expressed as a time weighted average
(TWA), or 140 dB-A impulse, shall participate in a hearing conservation program, per 29 CFR 1910.95.
Employees shall have a baseline and annual audio-metric examination and will be provided training in the
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proper use and limitations of the selected hearing protection. Noise hazard areas shall be marked with
caution signs indicating both the presence of hazardous noise levels and the requirement for hearing
protection.
Hearing Protection Devices (HPDs) will be provided to all employees for required as well as optional use
during all activities. HPDs shall provide the required Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) for the measured
noise levels.
3.5.3 Manual Lifting, Handling, Storage
Whenever possible, the use of material handling equipment and/or engineering controls will be utilized to
limit the quantity of manual lifting required. Objects will be lifted by mechanical means whenever
possible. When manual movement is required, handling aids shall be used when possible (i.e. dolly or
cart). Finally, when required. movement shall be performed using proper lifting techniques. Employees
shall use the following procedure for lifting, when possible. Take a firm grip, secure good footing, place
the feet a comfortable distance apart. Keep the back straight, and lift with the leg muscles. Move feet, do
not twist body. Employees shall obtain assistance when physically lifting objects that cannot be safely
handled by one person. There shall be a prearranged signal when two or more persons handle an object
that is to be lifted, lowered, moved, or dropped. When two or more persons are carrying an object, each
employee, if possible, should face the direction in which the object is being carried. It shall be determined
in advance that there are no unknown obstructions in the way. Loads shall be carried in such a manner that
vision is not obstructed.
All materials stored in tiers shall be stacked, racked, blocked, interlocked, or otherwise secured to prevent
sliding, falling or collapsing. Aisles and passageways shall be kept clear to provide for the free and safe
movement of material handling equipment or employees. Structural steel, poles, pipe, bar stock, and other
cylindrical materials, unless racked, shall be stacked and blocked. Non-compatible materials shall be
segregated in storage.
Materials will not be moved over or suspended above personnel.
3.5.4 Heavy Equipment Operations
All machinery and equipment shall be inspected daily (when in use) to ensure safe operating conditions: a
competent person will be designated to conduct the inspections and tests and complete a log sheet on each
piece of equipment. Tests shall be made at the beginning of each shift to determine that the brakes and
operating systems are in proper working condition and that ail required safety devices are in place and
functional. Whenever any machinery or equipment is found to be unsafe, or whenever a deficiency which
affects the safe operation of equipment is observed, the equipment shall be immediately taken out of
service and its use prohibited until unsafe conditions have been corrected. A tag indicating the equipment
shall not be operated, and that the tag shall not be removed, shall be placed in a conspicuous location on the
equipment. The tag shall remain in place in its attached location until it is demonstrated to the individual
restricting the use of the equipment that it is safe to operate. When corrections are complete, the machinery
or equipment shall be re-tested and re-inspected before being returned to service. If used, forklifts shall be
inspected according to manufactures recommendations.
Machinery and mechanized equipment shall be operated only by designated qualified personnel.
Machinery or equipment shall not be operated in a manner that will endanger persons or property, nor shall
the safe operating speeds or loads be exceeded.
To approach an operating piece of equipment, workers must first signal the operator, indicating their desire
to approach the unit. The operator will then cease movement of the unit, only then may the worker
approach the machine. In order to minimize this activity and thus reduce the risk of accidents and injuries,
two-way radios and hand signals will be utilized to communicate with equipment operators.
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Only the recommended number of occupants will be allowed in the cabs of heavy equipment. Personnel
are not permitted to ride in the buckets of the equipment. Getting on or off any equipment while it is in
motion is prohibited. The use of headphones for entertainment purposes while operating equipment is
prohibited. Seats or equal protection must be provided for each person required riding on equipment.
Backup alarms will be used on all heavy equipment. Bi-directional equipment such as excavators must
have alarms while moving in any direction, or the operator must sound a horn to alert personnel of
movement. Reverse signal alarms shall be audible and sufficiently distinct to be heard under prevailing
conditions. Alarms shall operate automatically upon commencement of backward motion.
Alarms may be continuous or intermittent and shall operate during the entire backward movement. All
equipment must be equipped with seat belts which operators shall wear when operating equipment.
Maintenance, including preventive maintenance and repairs shall be in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations and shall be documented. All machinery must be shut down and positive means taken to
prevent its operation while repairs or manual lubrications are being done with the exception of equipment
designed to be serviced while running. All repairs on machinery or equipment shall be made at a location,
which will protect repair personnel from traffic. Heavy machinery, equipment, or parts thereof which are
suspended or held apart by slings, hoists, or jacks also shall be substantially blocked or cribbed before
personnel are permitted to work underneath or between them. Mechanized equipment must be shut down
prior to and during refueling.
Persons shall not be permitted to get between a towing vehicle and th e towed piece of equipment until both
have been completely stopped with all brakes set and wheels checked. Whenever equipment is parked, the
parking brake shall be set. No modifications or additions, which will affect the capacity or safe operation
of machinery or equipment, shall be made without written approval; in no case shall the original safety
factor of the equipment be reduced. Personnel shall not work or pass under or ride in the buckets or booms
of loaders in operation. All points requiring lubrication during operation shall have fittin gs so located or
guarded to be accessible without hazardous exposure.
All belts, gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, fl ywheels, chains. or other reciprocating,
rotating, or moving parts of equipment shall be guarded when exposed to contact by persons or when they
otherwise create a hazard. All hot surfaces of equipment, including exhaust pipes or other lines, shall be
guarded or insulated to prevent injury and fire.
3.5.5 Motor Vehicles
Only those employees specifically authorized shall operate the Contractor's owned motor vehicle or
personal vehicles on business. Drivers shall not permit unauthorized persons to drive, operate, or ride in or
on a Contractor's vehicle.
Where seat belts are provided they shall be utilized. Employees shall not permit anyone to ride on the
running boards, fenders, or any part of the vehicle that was not specifically designed as a seat. Passengers
shall not stand in moving vehicles. Drivers shall know and obey all state, local, and site imposed laws and
regulations applicable to the operation of their vehicle. All personnel operating vehicles shall have a valid
driver's license and demonstrate knowledge of operating procedures. Parking brakes must be set when
vehicles are parked.
The driver shall determine that the brakes are in a safe operating condition before operating equipment. If
brakes are not working properly, they must be corrected before the vehicle is used. The drivers shall
inspect windshield wipers frequently and see that they are in good operating condition and that windows
provide sufficient visibility for safe operation of the vehicle.
The operator shall inspect all lights and reflectors on the vehicle, and if found defective they shall be
repaired before continued vehicle operation. The driver shall report any defects, which may have
developed during the day. If brakes are not working properly, they shall be adjusted or repaired before the
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vehicle is returned to operation. Other items, which affect safety, shall be repaired before continued
vehicle operation.
Whenever possible, the vehicle shall be positioned to avoid the necessity of backing later. Extreme caution
shall be exercised when backing a vehicle to avoid injury to persons and to prevent property damage.
When backing a vehicle, the operator shall do the following:
(I) Walk around vehicle before backing if rear vision is obstructed.
(2) Keep a constant lookout the entire time he/she is backing.
(3) Carefully check any blind areas.
(4) Back slowly.
(5) Sound horn, if not equipped with a back-up alarm.
When it is necessary to perform work underneath a vehicle elevated off the ground with a jack or hoist,
adequate chocks, blocks, and stands shall be used. Vehicles must be checked, blocked, and/or parking
brake set at all times when repairs or adjustments are being made while the engine is running. Repairs shall
not be performed on any vehicle while the vehicle is in operation, except when directed by the employee
making those repairs. An employee must be in attendance at the vehicle while fueling. Compressed air
must not be used to force liquids from a container not tested and approved as a pressure vessel.
3.5.6 Aerial Lifts
Only authorized employees who are properly trained and qualified shall use or operate aerial lifts. The
designated competent person in the proper use, limitations, and safety procedures required for the specific
equipment used during operations shall train personnel. The operational and maintenance instruction
manuals issued by the manufacturer shall be followed. Load limits of the boom and basket shall not be
exceeded. Shock loading (sudden stops or starts) of the equipment shall be avoided. Before use, the
equipment shall be given a warm-up period. The hydraulic system and lift controls shall be checked and
tested daily before use to determine such features are in safe working condition. Equipment, which is not
in proper operational condition, shall not be used until the noted deficiencies are corrected.
Lower level controls shall not be operated unless permission has been obtained from the employee in the
lift, except in the case of an emergency. Employees shall not ride in the basket while the lift is traveling,
unless the specific lift is designed for that purpose.
Employees shall not belt to an adjacent pole or structure. When working from an aerial lift, a full body
harness shall be worn and a shock-absorbing lanyard attached to the identified anchor point within the
basket. Fall protection requirements are defined in 29 CFR 1926, Subpart M.
Safety rules governing the use of rubber goods, personal protective equipment, and general safe practices
shall also apply to work performed from aerial baskets.
All tools shall be secured or contained in the lift basket to prevent them from falling. Ground crews shall
maintain visual contact with the lift operator and will not work directly under the lift basket at any time.
When possible, the ground area around the elevated work activities will be barricaded to prevent
individuals from walking under the lift basket.
The operator shall always face the direction in which the basket is moving and shall see that the path of the
boom or basket is clear when it is being moved. Employees shall not stand or sit on top of the basket or on
ladders placed in the basket. Employee's feet shall be on the floor of the basket the entire time in it.
When two workers are in the basket, one of them shall be designated to operate the controls. One
employee shall give all signals, which shall be thoroughly understood by all persons concerned.
Employees shall maintain safe work clearances from electrical lines and apparatus, minimally ( I 0) feet.
Employees must allow for platform sway, rock or sag and electrical line swaying.
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3.5. 7 Fire/Explosion
Due to the nature of the work and operations performed, a number of flammable and/or combustible
materials are required. These materials include, however, are not limited to, gasoline, fuel oils, propane,
and acetylene. Additional materials and hazards capable of increasing the potential for fire/explosion
include, however are not limited to, hot surfaces, oxygen cylinders, welders, cutting torches, etc.
To prevent the potential for fire/explosion, daily inspections of work areas will be performed and
documented to identify and remove potential sources for fire/explosion. Unsuitable materials will be
removed from the area, or otherwise mitigated prior to beginning work activities.
All equipment and cylinders associated with torch cutting activities shall be used and maintained in
accordance with the requirements defined in 29 CFR 1926, Subpart J. Equipment shall be inspected daily
or prior to and after use, to ensure the equipment remains in good condition. All faulty equipment shall be
removed from service and tagged out.
Flammable liquids utilized for site activities shall be stored only in approved containers. Containers will
remain closed when not in use. Flammable liquids shall not be dispensed near potential ignition sources
and shall not be stored in the work area or other areas, which may affect the safety of the site and facility
personnel.
Air monitoring shall be performed prior to any hot work (i .e. torch cutting, welding) activity. Hot work
Permits will be required for any welding, cutting, or brazing conducted in work areas. The following
information will be required for the permit to be issued: air monitoring for combustible gases and the use of
fire prevention measures, e.g. fire extinguishers, or availability of running water, and posting of a fire
watch. Any individual assigned to be a fire watch cannot perform any other duties, which may interfere
with this responsibility.
Fire suppression and first aid equipment will be placed in fixed locations and identified on a process layout
drawing; the drawing will be posted within the office, support, and decontamination areas. Fire
extinguishers will be fully charged and in operable condition, and shall be suitably placed, distinctly
marked, and readily accessible. Extinguishers shall be marked with their letter (class of fire) and numeric
(relative extinguishing effectiveness) classification. ABC-type dry chemical portable fire extinguishers (5
pounds or greater) will be provided on all motorized field equipment, at fixed work locations, and in the
immediate location of flammable materials. All fire fighting equipment shall be inspected periodically and
maintained in operating condition. All defective equipment shall be tagged, removed from service, and
replaced with an operable unit. A competent person shall be designated to conduct inspections and
maintain documentation. Extinguishers shall be inspected monthly at a minimum. The date of the
inspection and the inspector's initials shall be recorded on a tag affixed to each unit.
Employees shall be trained (upon initial employment and at least annually thereafter) in the general
principals of fire extinguisher use and the hazards involved with incipient stage fire fighting, as well as, the
use of the appropriate fire fighting equipment to those designated in an emergency action plan to use fire
fighting equipment. An alarm system shall be established to alert employees and emergency response
personnel ofan emergency, as per 1910.38.
Proper response procedures for emergencies shall be conveyed to all employees prior to commencing work
and/or operations. All personnel shall be aware of the location of fire extinguishing equipment. If
possible, personnel may attempt to extinguish a fire with the equipment available, however, must evacuate
the area immediately if the situation progresses beyond their control. No fire shall be fought where the fire
is in imminent danger of contact with explosives: all persons shall be removed to a safe area and the fire
guarded against intruders. The Site Manager shall be notified immediately and implement necessary area
control measures.
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3.5.8 Electrical Hazards
Only qualified employees or employees under continuous superv1s1on and instruction of qualified
employee familiar with applicable codes, shall work on energized lines or equipment. All electrical work
shall comply with applicable National Electric Safety Code (NESC), NEC regulations, OSHA electrical
safety work practice standard and local electrical codes. When working on energized equipment at a
voltage of240 volts or higher, there shall be a minimum of (2) qualified employees.
Conductors designed to operate at ground potential shall always be handled with the same caution as
exercised with energized conductors. All electrical equipment shall be treated as energized until tested or
otherwise determined to be de-energized. All conductors shall be treated as energized until grounded.
Grounds may be temporarily removed only when necessary for test purposes. Live parts of wiring and
equipment shall be guarded to protect all persons or objects from harm.
No employee shall work in such proximity to any part of an electrical power circuit that may be contacted
in the course of work unless the employee is protected against electrical shock. Effective protection is
considered to be the following:
I. De-energize the circuit and use the Lockout/Tagout (LO/TO) Procedure as per 1910.147.
All personnel working on an energized system must apply their own lock and tag to the
system. The designated supervisor will verify and inspect the lockout procedures and
apply their own lock to the system. All lockout/tagout procedures shall be rechecked at
the start of each workday, shift change, and break where employees leave the area.
2. If the circuit is required to be worked on while energized, the personnel or equipment
must be guarded by effective insulation or other means. All exposed electrical circuitry
must be covered/protected when the person working on the system is not in the
immediate area.
Suitable barriers or other means shall be provided to ensure that the workspace for electrical equipment will
not be used as a passageway during periods when energized parts of electrical equipment are exposed.
Only qualified personnel shall perform tests. Suitable barriers or other means shall be provided to ensure
that work space for electrical equipment cannot be used as a passageway when energized parts of electrical
equipment are exposed.
Care shall be taken when working in panels, that circuits are not inadvertently shorted or open circuited
which would interfere with operation of other plant equipment. Such action may endanger personnel and
plant operations.
All electrical cords used during operations shall be inspected prior to use for defects such as fraying,
damaged prongs, insulation, etc. All damaged cords shall be removed from service and tagged. Ground
fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) shall be used with all temporary lighting or electrical equipment used on
the job. The GFCI shall be placed at the power source and tested and inspected prior to use. Cords shall
not be used if they are not of continuous length without splices or taps without approval from a qualified
individual. Electrical plugs, receptacles, wires and cords passing, shall be protected from damage and kept
out of water (unless of an approved submersible type).
Switch boxes, receptacle boxes, metal cabinets, enclosures around equipment, and temporary power lines
shall be marked to indicate the maximum operating voltage. All circuits shall be protected against
overload; protection shall be based on the current carrying capacity of the conductors supplied and the
power load being used. When fuses are installed or removed with one or both terminals energized, special
tools insulated for the voltage shall be used. Overcurrent protection devices must be readily accessible,
clearly labeled, not exposed to physical damage, not placed in the vicinity of easily ignitable materials, and
located or shielded such that their operation will not expose employees to injury due to arching or the
sudden movement of parts. Circuit breakers shall clearly indicate whether the position is open or closed
( energized).
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Disconnecting means shall be located or shielded so that persons will not be injured when the disconnect is
operated. Disconnecting boxes shall be securely fastened to the surface and fitted with covers. A readily
accessible, manually operated switch shall be provided for each incoming service or supply circuit.
Switches, fuses, and automatic circuit breakers shall be marked, labeled, or arranged for ready
identification of the circuits or equipment, which they supply. Switched, circuit breakers, fuse panels,
disconnects, and motor controllers located out of doors or in wet environments shall be in a weatherproof
enclosure or cabinet. All electrical circuits shall be grounded in accordance with the National Electric
Code (NEC) and the NESC.
Personnel involved with this operation shall be required to follow the prime Contractor's Lockout/tagout
procedures and the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.147 . The prime Contractor will need to include their
lockout/tagout procedures and electrical safety work practice procedures in their Health and Safety Plan.
These procedures must meet the requirements of29CFRl910.147 and 29CFRl910.33 I through .335.
3.5.9 Slips, Trips, and Falls
Slip, trip, or fall hazards will be present during all phases of this operation. Work areas shall be maintained
safely and orderly, free and clear of cords, tools, debris, etc. Caution shall be exercised when walking on
wet floors; liquids shall be removed as soon as possible.
Work areas shall be inspected and documented daily for adequate housekeeping. All stairways,
passageways, gangways, and access ways shall be kept free of materials, supplies, and obstructions. Tools,
materials, extension cords, hoses, and debris shall not be stored in such a manner that they pose tripping or
other hazards. Form and scrap lumber and debris shall be cleared from work areas and access ways in and
around the building. Protruding nails in scrap boards, planks, and timbers shall be removed, hammered in,
or bent over flush with the wood. Storage and construction areas shall be kept free from the accumulation
of combustible materials. All spills of flammable or combustible materials must be cleaned up
immediately.
Waste materials and rubbish shall be placed in containers or, if appropriate, in piles. Separate covered,
self-closing, non-flammable/non-reactive containers shall be provided for the collection of garbage, oily,
flammable, and dangerous wastes. The containers shall be labeled with a description of their contents and
disposed of routinely.
Walkways or guarding will be erected over piping located in normally accessed areas. This does not
include areas, which are not designed or intended for continuous uninterrupted access.
3.5.10 Hot Surfaces
Hot surfaces are a potential physical hazard commonly associated with thermal treatment processing.
Accident prevention signs, labels, tags, training, signals and piping system identification, and the use of
PPE are imperative to the prevention of incidents involving hot surfaces. Employees shall be provided with
protection against contact with, or exposure to radiant heat, glare, fumes, and vapors.
All employees shall be informed as to the meaning of the various signs, tags, and labels used throughout
the site and what special precautions are required: all employees shall be instructed that danger signs and
tags indicate immediate danger and shall be informed of any special precaution that may be required.
3.5.11 Confined Space Entry
Potential confined space entry locations associated with the operation include the CBCD, BBCD, LBCD,
cooling towers, condensate storage tanks, scrubbers, organic collection tanks, carbon vessels, etc. A list of
confined spaces will be maintained on site and updated as new confined spaces are discovered or defined.
Confined spaces shall be designated as permit required or non-permit required.
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All confined spaces shall be identified with a sign reading "DANGER-Confined Space -DO NOT
ENTER" to inform personnel of the existence and location of and the danger posed by confined spaces.
The facility will be re-evaluated at least once annually for the presence of confined spaces. In addition,
confined spaces shall be re-evaluated whenever their characteristics change in a way that could lead to re-
classification as a permit required confined space.
The Contractor will provide their Confined Space Entry Procedures in the HASP, in compliance with
OSHA 1910.146,asamendedJanuary I, 1999.
3.5.12 Portable Electric Equipment/Tools
All power tools shall be examined before use to ensure general serviceability and the presence of all
applicable safety devices. Power tools shall be used only within their design capability and shall be
operated in accordance with the instruction of the manufacturer.
All tools shall be kept in good repair and shall be disconnected from the power source while repairs are
being made. Electrical tools shall not be used where there is a hazard of explosion due to concentrations of
flammable vapors, gases, or dusts. GFCI shall be used on I00V to 120V in the following situations:
(I) When operating portable electric tools.
(2) When operating portable lighting.
(3) When using an electrical extension cord.
GFCI are not required to be used on equipment in fixed locations such as office equipment, battery
chargers, machine tools, etc. Equipment, which is moved less than once a month on a regular basis, is
considered to be in a fixed location.
Tools selected for each job application shall only be used for their intended purpose. Personnel shall be
familiar with or receive instruction on the proper use of each tool. All tools shall be inspected prior to use;
damaged tools shall be properly disposed of or removed from service and tagged. Tools shall not be thrown
from place to place or from person to person; tools that must be raised or lowered from one elevation to
another shall be placed in tool buckets or firmly attached to hand lines. Tools shall never be placed
unsecured on elevated places.
The following safety rules are general requirements for power driven abrasive wheels and discs and cutoff
wheels used on portable equipment, bench and stand grinders, cutoff machines and grinding machines of all
types.
Grinding wheels shall be properly used, stored, and handled to prevent cracking, breaking, or other
damage. If a grinding wheel is broken, a careful investigation shall be made to determine and correct the
cause. Under no circumstances, shall a wheel be mounted on a machine on which the revolutions per
minute (RPM) exceeds the maximum safe RPM specified by the manufacturer.
After a wheel is mounted, care must be taken to see that the safety guards are properly positioned before
starting the wheel. Grinding machines shall be equipped with approved safety guards. All grinding wheels
shall be run at operating speeds with safety guards in place or in a protective enclosure before applying to
work, during which time no one shall stand in front of or in line with the wheel. Wheels shall be re-
balanced as often as necessary. Unbalanced wheels shall be balanced. Wheels, which cannot be balanced
by turning or dressing, shall be removed from the machine and discarded.
3.5.13 Pneumatic and Hydraulic Tools
Compressed air and compressed air tools shall be operated with care. Pneumatic tools shall never be
pointed at another person.
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Pneumatic power tools shall be secured to the hose or whip by some positive means to prevent the tool
from becoming accidentally disconnected. Safety clips and retainers shall be securely installed and
maintained in pneumatic hose connections and impact (percussion) tools to prevent accidental expelling or
separation.
Compressed air shall not be used for cleaning purposes, except where reduced to less than 30 pounds per
square inch (p.s.i.) and then only with effective chip guarding and personal protective equipment.
Compressed air shall not be used to blow dust or dirt from clothing. The manufacturers stated safe
operating pressure for hoses; pipes, valves, filters, and other fittings should not be exceeded. The use of
hoses for hoisting or lowering tools shall not be permitted.
Tools selected for each job application shall only be used for their intended purpose. Personnel shall be
familiar with, or receive instruction on the proper use of each tool. All tools shall be inspected prior to use;
damaged tools shall be properly disposed of or removed from service and tagged. Tools shall not be thrown
from place to place or from person to person; tools that must be raised or lowered from one elevation to
another shall be placed in tool buckets or firmly attached to hand lines. Tools shall never be placed
unsecured on elevated places.
3.5. I 4 Hand Tools
All tools, regardless of ownership, shall be of an approved type and maintained in good condition. Tools
are subject to inspection at any time. A supervisor has the authority and responsibility to condemn
unserviceable tools, regardless of ownership. Employees shall inspect tools, regardless of ownership.
Employees shall inspect tools for serviceability prior to use. Defective tools shall be tagged to prevent their
use.
Employees shall always use the proper tool for the job to be performed. Makeshift and substitute tools
shall not be used. Hammers with metal handles, screwdrivers with metal continuing through the handle
and metallic measuring tapes shall not be used on or near energized electrical circuits or equipment.
Tools shall not be thrown from place to place or from person to person; tools that must be raised or lowered
from one elevation to another shall be placed in tool buckets or firmly attached to hand lines. Tools shall
never be placed unsecured on elevated places.
Chisels, drills, punches, ground rods, and pipes shall be held with suitable holders or tongs (not with the
hands) while being struck by another employee. Shims shall not be used to make a wrench fit. Tools shall
be used only for the purpose for which they have been designed and approved.
Tools with sharp edges shall be stored and handled so that they will not cause injury or damage. They shall
not be carried in pockets. All cutting tools such as saws, wood chisels, drawknives, or axes shall be kept in
suitable guards or in special compartments. Tools shall not be left lying around where they may cause a
tripping or stumbling hazard. When employees are working on or above open grating, a canvas or other
suitable covering shall be used to cover the grating to prevent tools or parts from dropping to a lower level
where others are present, or the danger areas shall be barricaded or guarded.
3.5.15 Supports and Scaffolds
The following rules are general requirements for scaffolding and supports. Detailed regulations on specific
types of scaffolding are given in 29 CFR, Parts 1910.28 and 1910.29 and the construction regulations
pertaining to scaffolding, as appropriate. A competent person will conduct daily inspections of all
scaffolding with documentation. Employees will be trained in hazard recognition and avoidance as it
pertains to scaffolds used at the site.
Any scaffold damaged or weakened from any cause shall be immediately repaired and shall not be used
until repairs have been completed. Tools, materials, and debris shall not be allowed to accumulate in
quantities to cause a hazard. An access ladder or equivalent safe access shall be provided.
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Eliminate slippery conditions on scaffolds as soon as possible after they occur. No employee, material, or
equipment shall be supported or permitted to be supported on any portion of a pole, structure, scaffold,
ladder, walk-way, or other elevated structure, crane, derrick, etc., without it first being determined that such
support has adequate strength and is properly secured. Only persons designated as competent in safe
scaffold erection may supervise the erecting, moving, dismantling, and alteration of scaffolds. Employees
shall check all scaffolding before use to ensure it is of sufficient strength and rigidity to safely support the
weight of workers and material to which it will be subjected.
Scaffolds and their components shall be capable of supporting without failure at least four times the
maximum intended load. Scaffolds shall not be loaded in excess of the working load for which they are
intended. The footing or anchorage for scaffolds shall be sound, rigid, and capable of carrying the
maximum intended load without settling or displacement. Unstable objects such as barrels, boxes, lose
brick, or concrete blocks shall not be used to support scaffolds or planks. Guardrails and toe boards shall
be installed on all open sides and encjs of platforms more than 6 feet above the ground or floor. Scaffolds
above 4 feet high and having a minimum horizontal dimension of at least 45 inches must have standard
guardrails installed on all open sides and ends of the platform.
Scaffolds shall not be altered or moved horizontally while they are in use or occupied. No employee shall
ride a rolling scaffold unless the scaffold is specifically designated for this purpose.
3.5.16 Ladders
All portable ladders shall be of sufficient length and shall be placed so workers will not stretch or assume a
hazardous position. Portable ladders used, as temporary access shall extend (3) feet past the landing.
When a (3) foot extension is not possible, a grasping device shall be provided to assist employees in
mounting and dismounting the ladder. The length of a portable stepladder shall not exceed (20) feet. The
minimum clear distance between the sides of individual rung/step ladders shall be ( 16) inches. The
minimum clear distance between side rails for all ladders shall be I 1-1 /2 inches.
Spacing of rungs, cleats, and steps on portable ladders shall be not less than IO inches, or more than 14
inches, apart as measured from their centerlines. On step stools, spacing shall be not less than 8 inches, or
more than 12 inches, apart as measured from their centerlines. On extension trestle ladders, spacing on the
base shall not be less than 8 inches, nor more than 18 inches, apart as measured from their centerlines; on
the extension section spacing shall not be less than 6 inches, nor more than 12 inches, apart as measured
from their centerlines. The steps or rungs of all ladders shall provide at least 7 inches toe space from the
inside edge of the rung to the nearest interference.
Ladders shall be surfaced to prevent injury to an employee from punctures, lacerations, snagging of
clothing and/or slipping. Wood ladders will not be utilized. Locking devices will be utilized to hold front
and back sections of ladders in an open position. Ladders shall not be placed in locations they may be
displaced unless protected. The top of non-self supporting ladders shall be placed with the two rails
supported equally unless it is equipped with a single support attachment. No work requiring lifting of
heavy materials or substantial exertion shall be performed from ladders. Workers shall not straddle a ladder
or overreach to the point where the body is no longer between the side rails. The base and landing of
ladders shall be kept clear of obstacles. Ladders shall not be moved, shifted, or extended while occupied.
The top step of a ladder shall not be used as a step.
Ladders will be inspected routinely, prior to use, and after any occurrence that may affect their safe use.
Broken or damaged ladders will be tagged and removed from service immediately. An inspection tag
identifying the inspection date will be placed on the ladder.
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3.5.17 Rigging Equipment
Rigging equipment for material handling shall be inspected as specified by the manufacturer, by a qualified
person, prior to use on each shift and/or as necessary during its use to ensure that it is safe. Defective
rigging shall be removed from service.
Hooks, rings, oblong links, pear shaped links, welded or mechanical coupling links, or other attachments,
when used with alloy steel chains, shall have a rated capacity at least equal to that of the chain; only alloyed
chain shall be used in rigging. Job or shop hooks and links, or makeshift fasteners, formed from bolts,
rods, etc., or other such chain attachments, shall not be used unless tested by a qualified engineer and so
labeled. All hooks shall be equipped with hook throat closures.
3.5.18 Welding and Cutting
Only experienced and properly instructed employees shall perform welding and cutting. When welding or
cutting in elevated positions, employees shall take precautions to prevent sparks or hot metal from falling
onto people or flammable material below. Suitable fire extinguishing equipment shall be immediately
available at all locations where welding and cutting equipment are used. A fire watch shall be maintained
wherever welding and cutting are performed in locations where combustible materials present a fire hazard.
A fire check shall be made of the area one-half hour after completion of welding.
Prior to the start of welding activities, a Hot Work Permit shall be obtained. In dusty or gaseous spaces
where there is a possibility of an explosion, welding or cutting equipment shall not be used until the space
is adequately ventilated. Adequate ventilation or approved respiratory equipment shall be used while
welding in confined spaces or while brazing, cutting, or welding zinc, brass, bronze, stainless steel, or
galvanized or lead coated material. Indoors or in confined spaces, local exhaust ventilation or airline
respirators shall be used.
This procedure is designed to prevent hazards or fires from occurring due to the use of cutting, welding or
heating equipment. This procedure is applicable to all employees, their guests, authorized visitors and
contractors. It shall be a supervisor's responsibility to inform their employees of the requirements of the
Hot Work Permit procedures and also to initiate disciplinary action for violations of the procedure. It shall
be all employees' responsibility to abide by the requirements of the Hot Work Permit procedures.
Employees required to weld, cut or heat, shall obtain a Hot Work Permit from an authorized person.
Personnel Authorized To Issue Hot Work Permits:
Managers
Supervisors
Health and Safety Personnel
Authorized Mechanics
The person requesting the permit and the person authorized to issue a permit shall check the following
items and resolve any problems prior to issuing the permit.
(I) General condition of area housekeeping.
(2) Necessary equipment tagged out of service according to LO/TO procedures.
(3) Fire protection systems in service.
(4) Remove all flammable and combustible materials.
(5) Clean up oil or other combustible material in area.
(6) Check area for combustible vapors.
(7) Check area for oxygen enriched atmospheres.
(8) Means of egress identified.
(9) Openings/cracks in walls/floors covered.
(10) Work area barricaded or roped off if necessary.
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Upon completion of the above list, and after detennination that a safe work condition exists, the authorizing
person shall issue the Hot Work Penn it. The authorizing person shall retain a copy of the pennit, and the
person requesting the penn it shall maintain a copy of the penn it in the work area. Outside contractors shall
coordinate the request for a Hot Work Penn it through the supervisor they are working for.
No electrical welding machine, either AC or DC shall be operated until the frame or case of the machine is
electrically grounded. Neither tenninal of the welding generator shall be bonded to the frame of the
welder. Grounding connections shall be checked before welding to insure they are mechanically and
electrically adequate. Welding cables shall be completely insulated, flexible, capable of handling the
maximum current requirements of the work in progress, and in good repair. Cables with splices or repaired
insulation within ten feet of the holder shall not be used. Where it becomes necessary to connect or splice
lengths of cable together, insulated connectors of a capacity at least equivalent to that of the cable shall be
used. When connections are affected by cable lugs, they shall be securely fastened to give good electrical
contact and the exposed metal parts of the lugs shall be completely insulated. Pipelines containing gases or
flammable liquids or conduits carrying electrical conductors shall not be used for a ground return circuit.
Equipment shall be shut down when the leads are unattended. Cables, hoses, and other equipment shall be
kept clear of passageways, ladders, and stairways.
To protect eyes, face, and body during electrical welding and cutting, operators shall wear an approved
helmet and proper protective gloves and clothing. Helpers or attendants shall wear proper eye protection.
Other employees shall not observe electric-welding operations unless they use approved eye protection.
When the helmet is raised, proper eye protection shall be worn to guard against flying particles. Welders
shall not strike an arc with an electrode when they or other persons nearby might be affected by the arc,
rays, flashes, sparks, molten metal or slag.
All welding, cutting, and heating operations shall be ventilated (natural or mechanical) such that personnel
exposures to hazardous concentrations of airborne contaminants are within acceptable limits. Either
general mechanical, local exhaust ventilation, or respiratory protection ( or a combination of both) shall be
provided whenever, welding, cutting, or heating is perfonned in a confined space. Whenever the following
materials; antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese,
mercury, nickel, ozone, selenium, silver, and vanadium are encountered in a confined space or indoor
operation, local exhaust ventilation and personal respiratory protection shall be used. Other persons
exposed to the same atmosphere as welders or cutters shall be protected in the same manner as welders and
cutters.
A nationally recognized testing laboratory shall list oxyfuel gas welding and cutting equipment. Cylinders
and apparatus shall be kept free from oil, grease, and other flammable or explosive substances and shall not
be handled with oily gloves or hands. Cylinders and apparatus shall not be used interchangeably with any
other gas. Fuel gas hose and oxygen shall be readily distinguishable from each other. Oxygen and fuel gas
hoses shall not be interchangeable; a single hose having more than one gas passage shall not be used. Hose
couplings of the type that can be locked or disconnected without rotary motion are prohibited. Hose which
has been subject to flash back or which shows signs of severe wear or damage shall be inspected and tested,
defective hose or hose in doubtful condition shall not be used.
Torches shall be inspected prior to each use for leaking shutoff valves, hose couplings, and tip connections:
defective torches shall not be used. Hoses shall be individually purged before lighting the torch for the first
time each day: hoses shall not be purged into confined spaces or near ignitable sources. Torch tips shall be
cleaned as necessary with appropriately designed tools designed for such purposes. Torches shall be
lighted by friction lighters only. Torch valves shall be closed and the gas supply shut off whenever work is
suspended. Torch and hose shall be removed from confined spaces whenever work is suspended. Oxyfuel
gas, and other fuel-gas oxygen, welding and cutting systems utilizing cylinder hose torch, shall have a
reverse flow check valve in each hose between the torch and the regulator. (Reverse flow check valves that
are integral with the torch are acceptable). Acetylene regulators shall not be adjusted to pennit a discharge
greater than 15 psig.
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3.5.19 Fuel Powered Equipment
All fuel-powered tools shall be stopped while being refueled, serviced, or maintained, and fuel shall be
transported, handled, and stored in accordance with fire prevention section instructions. Fuel powered tools
shall not be used inside confined spaces or in areas where there is a hazard for explosion due to the
presence of flammable vapors, gases, or dusts. Flammable liquids, must be handled, transported, and
stored only in UL-approved or equivalent containers.
3.5.20 Cuts/Punctures (Sharp Objects)
Work activities present the potential for cuts and punctures from surfaces, tools, metal debris, etc. used
during construction and operations. Employees should use caution, follow safe work practices, and wear
appropriate PPE (leather palm gloves) if necessary when conducting these activities. Potential sources for
cuts/punctures shall be identified during an initial inspection of the area and conveyed to all personnel.
Any injuries that occur should be immediately treated and reported to the supervisor.
3.5.21 Crane Operations/Mechanical Lifts
Every crane shall have the following documents inside at all times when operated: a copy of the operating
manual developed by the specific manufacturer for the specific make and model of the crane; a copy of the
operator manual for any crane operator aids with which the crane is equipped. the load rating chart for the
crane, which shall include the crane make and model, serial number, and year of manufacturer, load ratings
for all cranes operating configurations, including optional equipment and operating limits in windy or cold
weather conditions.
A crane logbook shall be used to record operating hours and all crane inspections, tests, maintenance and
repair. The log shall be updated daily as the crane is used and shall be signed by the operator and
supervisor.
The operator shall not engage in any activity, which will divert his/her attention while operating the crane.
The operator shall respond to signals from the person who is directing the lift or an appointed signal
person: when a signal person is not used in the crane operation, the operator shall ensure he/she has full
view of the load and the load travel paths at all times the load is rigged to the crane. Each operator is
responsible for those operations under his direct control, including those items listed below: whenever there
is doubt as to safety, the operator shall consult his supervisor prior to continuing.
Before a lift, except before critical lifts when these shall be done by the lift supervisor, the rigger shall
ensure that: the crane is level and, where necessary blocked, the load is well secured and balanced in the
sling or lifting device before it is lifted more than a few inches, the lift and swing path is clear of
obstructions and adequate clearance is maintained from electrical sources, and all persons are clear of the
swing radius of the counterweight. The lift supervisor and rigger will verify the weight of the load and the
capacity of the crane prior to performing the lift. Tag lines shall be used on all loads, and a competent
person, prior to use, shall inspect all rigging equipment.
Only qualified personnel may operate cranes. Only those operators qualified to operate a particular type of
crane may operate that type of machinery; proof of qualification shall be in writing, and shall be designated
by a source, which qualifies crane operators. Cranes shall be operated, inspected, tested, and maintained in
accordance with manufacturers operating manual for the crane. A standard signal system shall be used on
all cranes. In situations where the operator cannot see the load, audio communications shall be used.
The operator, before every operation of the crane, shall conduct start-up inspections in accordance with
manufacturer recommendations. Pre-operational inspections shall be maintained on site in the project work
files. Cranes shall be given an operational performance test/inspection annually and/or following repair,
alteration, or replacement of load bearing or load controlling components (excluding the rope). All
maintenance and repairs shall be conducted in accordance with manufacturer procedures and precautions.
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Cranes shall not be operated under any adverse weather conditions (i.e. lighting, high winds, weather
creating poor visibility etc.). In addition to these requirements, crane activities involved with construction
and operations shall be conducted in accordance with the hoisting and rigging requirements defined 29
CFR 1926 Subpart H, defined within the HASP, and are to be provided within the Site Operations Plan
(SOP) for Hoi!,ting and Rigging Operations.
3.5.22 Fall Protection
Personal fall arrest systems require the use of body harnesses: body belts are not acceptable as part of a
personal fall arrest system. The use of a body belt is permitted in a positioning device system.
Connectors shall be dropped forged, pressed or formed steel, or made of equivalent materials; shall be
corrosive resistant finish; and all surfaces and edges shall be smooth to prevent damage to interfacing parts
of the system. O-rings, snap hooks, and other connectors shall have a minimum tensile strength of 5,000
pounds; O-rings and snap hooks shall be proof-tested to a minimum tensile load of 3,600 pounds without
cracking, breaking, or taking permanent deformation.
Body belt/harness systems shall decelerate and bring the employee to a complete stop within 42-inches,
excluding lifeline elongation, after free fall distance. Body belt/harness systems, when stopping or
preventing a fall, shall not produce an arresting force on an employee of more than IO times the employees
weight or 1,800 pounds, whichever is lower.
Personnel working at heights of six feet and above shall be required to implement the use of fall protection
in accordance with 29 CFR 1926, Subpart M.
3.5.23 Pressure Vessels
Fire Pressure Vessels, Unfired Pressure Vessels, and other equipment may be required to undergo
inspection by the State of North Carolina Boiler Inspection Department at the time of Start-up. The Prime
Contractors shall be responsible for compliance with this requirement.
3.6 Environmental Natural/Biological Hazards
Potential exposure to natural hazards such as poisonous plants, insects, and animals exist at the site, along
with potential exposure biological hazards such as blood borne pathogens and a number of environmental
hazards, which are defined below.
3.6.1 Heat Stress
The HSO shall implement and document an environmental and physiological monitoring program as
defined within the Contractors Heat Stress Standard Operating Procedure for employees that may be
exposed to heat related disorders from weather conditions, PPE (increased potential when utilizing
impervious protective clothing), and work activities.
Adequate engineering and administrative controls shall be established to prevent worker illness and injury.
All employees shall be evaluated medically with special attention to the cardiovascular system as a pre-
employment screening. Additionally, all employees over the age of 40 shall undergo an electrocardiogram
(EKG) in accordance with the defined medical surveillance program.
The following procedures shall be utilized to reduce the potential for heat related illness during
construction and operations.
• All employees shall be instructed on the signs and symptoms of heat related illness, i.e., heat
stress, heat stroke.
• All employees shall be trained in proper first aid procedures for heat illness.
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• Work rest regimens shall be established based upon the prevailing weather conditions, taking into
consideration temperature, humidity, type of PPE being worn, and task being performed.
• Employees shall be encouraged to take breaks in shaded, cool locations.
• Proper replacement fluids shall be made available in defined locations including break areas.
Workers shall be encouraged to frequently drink small amounts of water; water shall be kept
reasonable cool.
3.6.2 Weather Hazards
Weather conditions will be taken into consideration. Heavy rains or snowfall, electrical storms, high
winds, and extreme temperatures may create extremely dangerous situations for employees. Excavation or
drilling activities may be halted during electrical storms, at the discretion of the HSO. Inclement weather
may also impair equipment performance. Whenever unfavorable conditions arise, the SM and HSO will
evaluate both the safety hazards and ability of the employees to effectively perform given tasks under such
conditions. Activities will be halted at their discretion.
3.6.3 Natural Hazards
Natural hazards, which may be encountered at the site, include insects, snakes. rodents, and poisonous
plants (e.g. poison ivy). The area around the landfill will be cleared of trees and grubs, maintaining the
area around the landfill. process areas, trailers and soil staging areas are preventative measures to be
reducing potential contact with these natural hazards. To further reduce potential exposure, with natural
hazards, employees will wear steel-toed boots, long pants and long sleeve shirts.
3.6.4 Cumulative Trauma
Work activities that require workers to conduct lifting, handling, or carrying, rapid and frequent application
of high grasping forces, repetitive hand/arm manipulations, tasks that include intermittent, impulsive, or
impact hand-arm vibration or whole body vibration and other physical activities that stress the body's
capabilities, shall be evaluated to ensure the activities are designed to match the capabilities of the workers.
When work activities that stress the body's capability are identified. the employer shall incorporate them in
the appropriate TAHA. The analysis shall identify hazards associated with such work activities, isolate
causative factors, and recommend controls to be implemented. Control measures may include, however are
not limited to, the use of anti-vibration tools and/or gloves and implementation of work practices that limit
vibration.
3.6.5 Blood Borne Pathogens
Employees designated as responsible for rendering first aid or medical assistance shall be included in a
blood-borne pathogen program in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1030.
The blood-borne pathogen program includes instruction in the sources, hazards, and avoidance of blood-
borne pathogens and the use and maintenance of personal protective equipment (gloves, gowns, masks, eye
protectors, and/or resuscitation equipment) when appropriate for rendering first aid or other medical
assistance, to prevent contact with blood or other potential infectious material.
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4.0 SITE CONTROL PROCEDURES
4.1 Site Work Zones
Site work zones will be established and delineated prior to the commencement of operations.
The Contractor will provide site layout drawing depicting the location of the Contamination Reduction
Zone (CRZ) and decontamination areas. The established support zones will be accessed through
designated decontamination areas. The three general work zones to be established at the facility are the
Exclusion Zone (EZ), CRZ, and Support Zone (SZ).
The EZ is defined as the area where contamination is either known or likely to be present, or because of
activity, will provide a potential to cause hann to personnel. Entry into the Exclusion Zone requires the use
of personal protective equipment. Personnel working within this zone will be required to meet all
applicable requirements of 29 CFR 1910.120 and the requirements of this HASP.
The EZ shall be large enough to encompass work activities and account for the potential migration of
contaminants above the PEL. When possible, engineering controls will be used to prevent the migration of
contaminants, and protect individuals outside of the exclusion zone.
The CRZ, also referred to as the decontamination zone, is the area where personnel conduct personal and
equipment decontamination, storage of PPE/equipment, etc . It is essentially a buffer zone between
contaminated areas and clean areas. Generally, activities to be conducted in this zone require personal
protection one level lower than the EZ. The defined CRZ will be clearly delineated and large enough to
encompass necessary waste containers and personnel decontamination stations.
The SZ is situated outside the EZ in a clean area in which the chance to encounter hazardous materials or
conditions is negligible. Contaminated materials are not permitted within designated support zones. Under
nonnal operating conditions, personal protective equipment is not required in support zones.
4.2 Site Security
To maintain security at the site security personnel shall:
• Control all site entrances and exits;
• Establish a personnel identification system;
• Be responsible for enforcing entry and exit requirements; and
• Use temporary fencing where feasible.
All equipment and supplies shall be secured or stored in locked facilities, and trenches shall be covered. If
excavations must be left open and unattended, the opening or access shall be barricaded and/or restricted.
Unauthorized personnel entering into the work areas shall be informed briefly of the nature of the work and
asked to maintain a safe distance or leave the area entirely. In the event the individual(s) refuse to abide by
this request, the supervisor shall stop work activities and contact the site manager.
4.3 Spill Containment Program
A spill containment program shall be implemented during all site activities that meet drum and container
handling requirements in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.120. Hazardous substances and contaminated
soils, liquids, and other residues also shall be handled, transported, labeled, and disposed of in accordance
with 40 CFR 264-265. If a major spill occurs, the Contractor shall notify the NCDENR and local response
agencies immediately and, if possible, implement controls to contain and isolate the spilled substance.
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If a small spill of hazardous material substance occurs, the following actions shall be taken:
• Assess the situation and determine appropriate safety response procedures;
• Notify appropriate site personnel including the SM and the HSO;
• Take immediate measures to control and contain the spill within site boundaries;
• Keep unnecessary personnel away, isolate the hazardous area, and restrict entry:
• Stay upwind and keep out of low lying areas;
• Restrict the use of ignition sources including flares, smoking, open flames, etc;
• Ensure the safety of and alert co-workers;
• Decontaminate equipment, appropriately dispose of expendables, re-stock spill response equipment,
and prepare all gear and equipment for the next event;
• Debrief personne I;
• Implement corrective actions to prevent similar circumstances from re-occurring, revise plans, if
necessary.
The following procedures shall be implemented in the event of a small dry spill:
• Shovel contaminated material into a dry container (i.e. 55-gallon drum) using care not to make the
material airborne;
• Cover and label the container with a description of the contents and date; and
• Remove the container to a secure area.
The following spill containment equipment shall be maintained on site during all activities:
• Oil and solvent spill recovery/containment kit that includes absorbent cloths and disposable bags in
which to place spent cloths;
• Acid and base spill containment kit that includes absorbent cloths and disposable bags in which to
place spent cloths;
• Shovel; and
• PPE/Respiratory Protection.
4.4 Site Sanitation
An adequate supply of drinking water shall be provided with cool water being provided during hot weather.
Only approved potable water systems shall be used for distribution of drinking water. Drinking water shall
be dispensed by means that prevent contamination between the consumer and the source. Portable drinking
water dispensers shall be designed, constructed, and serviced to ensure sanitary conditions, shall be capable
of being closed, and shall have a tap. Containers shall be clearly marked as to their contents and shall not
be used for any other purpose.
When sanitary sewers are not available, one of the following facilities shall be provided: chemical toilets,
re-circulating toilets, or other toilet systems as approved by state and local governments. Toilet facilities
shall be so constructed that the occupants shall be protected against weather and falling objects; all cracks
shall be sealed and the door shall be tight fitting, self-closing, and capable of being latched. Adequate
ventilation shall be provided and all windows and vents screened. Toilet facilities shall be constructed so
that the interior is lighted. An adequate number of toilets shall be provided and maintained in accordance
with applicable OSHA regulations.
Washing facilities shall be provided as needed to maintain healthful and sanitary conditions. Washing
facilities for persons engaged in operations where contaminants may be harmful shall be at or near the
operations area and shall be adequate for the removal of the harmful substance. Each washing facility shall
be maintained in a sanitary condition and supplied with water (hot and cold), soap, and individual means of
drying. One shower shall be provided for every ten employees (or fraction thereof) of each sex who are
required to shower during the same shift. Change rooms with storage facilities for street clothes and
separate storage for PPE shall be provided.
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Solid and liquid waste shall be removed in a manner that avoids creating a menace to health and as often as
necessary to maintain a sanitary environment. Enclosed work places shall be constructed and maintained,
to the extent possible, to prevent entrance or harborage of rodents, insects, or vermin.
4.5 On/Off Site Communications
Successful communications between operations personnel and support staff is essential. The following
communication systems shall be available and utilized during operations.
• Two way radios
• Hand signals
• Telephones
Table 4-5 Hand Signals
Signal Definition
Hands clutching throat Out of air, cannot breathe
Hands on top of head Need assistance
Thumbs up OK/ I Am OK/ I Understand
Thumbs down No/ Negative
Arms waving upright Trouble/ Send Backup
Grip partners wrist Exit Area Immediately
4.6 Buddy System
During all activities in the CRZ and EZ, the implementation of a buddy system is mandatory. A buddy
system requires at least two people in the work area, each looking out for each other, via voice or visual
contact.
4. 7 Entry/Exit Log
All personnel entering and exiting the exclusion zone and the CRZ will sign in and out. The log shall
indicate the date and time entering and exiting and Level of Protection (PPE) utilized.
4.8 Medical Assistance
A map showing the route to the hospital as well as written directions is included within the HASP. The
map and directions shall be posted within support areas and the CRZ. Personnel requiring medical
assistance from chemical exposure shall be transported to the hospital with the MSDS for the respective
chemical, ifknown.
The Contractor shall inform in writing the chemical hazards site personnel may be exposed to the local
medical care providers. Procedures for emergency decontamination of injured personnel shall be included
in the HASP.
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5.0 PERSONNEL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
All site personnel who may enter the CRZ or EZ, or who may come in contact with the hazards associated with this
project, shall be required to possess required training. At a minimum, all personnel will be trained pursuant to
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 or equivalent and the provisions of the HASP.
All personnel required to enter the CRZ or EZ must provide the HSO with certification of training prior to entry.
5.1 Hazardous Materials Training
Prior to arrival on-site, each organization will be responsible for certifying that their employees are trained
pursuant to OSHA 29 CFR 19 I 0.120. Each employee should be able to provide dates of 40 hours of
training and eight-hour refresher training. Equivalent training and experience must also be documented if
taken in place of formal training. Copies of training certificates or documented experience shall be
provided to the HSO prior to on-site activities
5.2 24-Hour Supervised On-Site Training
All new personnel entering the CRZ or EZ will receive 24 hours of supervised on-site training as stated in
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120-paragraph (e)(3). This training will ensure that employees are familiar with the
specific hazards present on site and that proper safety procedures are followed.
5.3 Annual Refresher Training
Personnel must receive an annual refresher training as specified in OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120-paragraph
( e )(8).
5.4 Site Supervisors Training
Consistent with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 paragraph (e)(4), individuals designated as supervisors shall
receive an additional 8-hours of training in accordance with this standard.
The Contractor will list the individuals that will be identified as supervisors.
Table 5.1 Supervisors
NAME RESPONSIBILITY
Project Manager
Site Manager
Health and Safety Officer
Operations Manager
Shift Supervisor
Shift Supervisor
Shift Supervisor
Shift Supervisor
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5.5 Health and Safety Briefing
The HSO shall conduct a site-specific health and safety orientation for all employees of the Contractor and
Subcontractor(s), who will work on site and any site visitors who may enter the CRZ or EZ. The Health
and Safety Briefing shall include, at a minimum, the following:
✓ OSHA Training, and medical surveillance requirements to enter the CRZ and EZ.
✓ Potential health hazards associated with known or potential contamination present in the various work
areas
✓ Work practices by which the employee can use to minimize the risks of unsafe situations taking place
✓ Health and safety emergency procedures
✓ Respiratory protection devices
✓ Fire fighting
✓ First aid
✓ The site specific health and safety plan
✓ Emergency and contingency procedures, including excavation signals and routes
5.6 Tailgate Safety Meeting
Tailgate Safety Meetings shall be held daily prior to the start of work. Tailgate Safety meetings will cover
any specific hazards associated with the day's planned activities, and any safety concerns from the previous
day's activities, including air sampling/monitoring results. These shall be documented showing topics
presented and attendance.
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6.0 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
This section specifies the surveillance activities that will take place during on-site act1v1ttes for personal air
monitoring and sampling. The Performance Demonstration Plan and Air Monitoring Plan detail the stack testing
and perimeter air sampling and analysis to be preformed during the performance demonstration testing and full scale
operations. This section discusses the personal air monitoring and sampling to be conducted in the various work
zones.
The purpose of air monitoring is to identify and quantify airborne contaminants in order to verify and/or determine
the level of worker protection needed. Two principal approaches are available for identifying and/or quantifying
airborne contaminants:
1) The on-site use of direct-reading instruments, e.g., Photo-ionization Detector, Combustible Gas Indicator,
Aerosol Dust monitor, and Colormetric tubes e.g. Benzene.
· 2) Laboratory analysis of air samples obtained by collection media (i.e., filter, sorbent) for the target
compounds.
6.1 Direct-Reading Monitoring Instruments
Direct-reading instruments provide info1mation at the time of sampling. The data obtained from the real-time
monitors is used to assure proper selection of personnel protection equipment, engineering controls, and work
practices. Overall, the instruments provide the user the capability to determine if site personnel are being exposed to
concentrations, which exceed exposure limits or action levels for classes of hazardous materials, e.g., VOCs, LEL,
particulates/dust. Table 6.1 excerpted from Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Hazardous Waste Site
Activities. provides an overview of available monitoring instrumentation and their specific operating parameters.
Air Monitoring Instruments (equivalent meters may be used)
1. Combination Combustible Gas Indicator/Oxygen/Hydrogen Sulfide Meter
2. Ultraviolet (UV) Photo ionization Detector (PID)
3. Direct Reading Co/ormetric Indicator Tub es, i.e., Hydrogen Cyanide
4. Real Time Aerosol Monitor -MIE PDM-3
5. Heat Stress Monitor -WBGT
6. Single Contaminant Meter i.e. Hydrogen Sulfide
Table 6-1 Direct Reading Instruments
A. Instrument: Combustible Gas Indicator (CG!) and Oxvgen Meter
Hazard Monitored: Combustible gases and vapors, and oxygen
Application: Measures the percentage of a combustible gas or vapor and oxygen
Detection Method: Combustible gas: A filament, usually made of platinum, is heated by burning
the combustible gas of vapor. The increase in heat is measured. A current is produced in
proportion to the number of carbon atoms present. Oxygen: uses an electrochemical sensor to
measure the partial pressure of Oxygen in air, and converts that reading to percent oxygen.
General Care/Maintenance: Recharge or replace battery. Calibrate immediately before use. The
unit will be calibrated daily to the manufacturers specification.
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Table 6-1 Direct Reading Instruments (Continued)
Typical Operating Time: Can be used for, as long as the battery lasts, or for the recommended
interval between calibrations, whichever is less.
Example: Industrial Scientific MX24 l (or equivalent)
B. Instrument: Ultraviolet (UV) Photo ionization Detector (PID)
Hazard Monitored: Many organic and some inorganic gases and vapors.
Application: Detects total concentration of many organic and some inorganic gases and vapors.
Some identification of compounds is possible if more than one probe is measured.
Detection Method: Ionizes molecules using UV radiation, produces a current that is proportional
to the number of ions.
General Care/Maintenance: Recharge or replace battery. Regularly clean lamp window.
Regularly clean and maintain the instrument and accessories. Calibrate daily with a known
concentration of isobutylene as per manu facturer's instructions.
Typical Operating Time: 10 hours. 5 hours with strip chart recorder.
Example: HNU PI-IO I (or equivalent)
C. Instrument: Direct Reading Co/ormetric Indicating Tube(s).
Hazard Measured: Specific gas and vapors, e.g., Hydrogen Cyanide
Applications: Measures concentration of specific gases and vapors.
Detection Method: The compound reacts with the indicator chemical in the tube, producing a stain
whose length or color change is proportional to the compound's concentration. Instrument may
have interferenc e's.
General Care/Maintenance: Check pump for leaks before and after use. Refrigerate tubes before
use to maintain a shelf life of about 2 years. Check expiration date of tubes. Calibrate pump
volume at least quarterly. Avoid rough handling, which may cause channeling of air through
tubes.
Example: Drager Tubes and Bellows Pump (or equivalent)
D. Instrument: Real Time Aerosol Monitor
Hazard Monitored: Particulate
Application: Measures total and respirable particulate in air.
Detection Method: Uses an internal light source. The particulate diffracts the light beam and the
amount of diffraction is converted into concentration (mg/m3 ).
Gen. Care/Maintenance: Recharge batteries. Replace desiccant when necessary.
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Table 6-1 Direct Reading Instruments (Continued)
Typical Operating Time: 8-12 hours.
Example: MIE PDM-3 (or equivalent)
E. Instrument: Heat Stress Monitor
Hazard Monitored: Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, WBGT
Application: Measures heat stress index to control heat stress.
Detection Method: Thennocouples or wet, dry and globe temperatures.
General Care/Maintenance: Check the level of water in wet bulb, check battery daily.
Example: Sling Psychrometer (or equivalent)
F. Instrument: Hvdrogen Sulfide Meter
Hazard Monitored: Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Detection Method: Uses an electrochemical sensor to measure the partial pressure of H2S in the
air, and converts that reading to H2S concentrations.
Typical Operating Time: 8-12 Hours.
Example: Industrial Scientific MX 261 or TMX 410 ( or equivalent)
Direct-reading real time air monitoring action level lattices for operational activities are listed in Tables 6-2.
Contained in Appendix VIII-is the calculation of PCBs in dust using the highest concentration of PCBs
detected in the soil before the PCB exposure limit of 0.5 mg/m3 is exceeded. It was calculated that 147
mg/m3 of dust would be pennissible before the PCB exposure limit was exceeded. Since this exceeds the
respirable dust exposure limit of 5.0 mg/m3 the respirable dust exposure limit will become the action limit.
6.2 Site Air Monitoring and Sampling Program
The sampling and analysis will focus on PCBs, dioxins, organics and particulates/dust. The analytical
results will be compared to the contaminant work zone action level lattice. Based upon the analytical
results a sampling program will be finalized for the full-scale project. In addition, further engineering
controls may be instituted to reduce airborne contaminants. Table 6-3 Personnel Monitoring and Sampling
Summary depicts the site personal air monitoring and sampling program for the site.
Periodically, minimally twice per shift, all operational areas will be surveyed to measure respirable dust
levels during on-site activities, the HSO will monitor the work area with real time instruments. Air
monitoring shall focus in the worker's breathing zone, although source readings may be taken for reference.
Table 6-3 identifies the minimum requirements for monitoring/sampling locations and frequency. The
instantaneous reading recorded by the instrument will be documented unless the readings are fluctuating at
or near the detection level. In these cases a sustained reading will be detennined. A sustained monitoring
period consists of 20 readings taken every 15 seconds. All readings will be averaged at the end of the
monitoring period. Two consecutive sustained monitoring periods will warrant corrective action.
Monitoring shall be conducted when material handling activities are being perfonned. Monitoring shall be
conducted as frequently as necessary during all initial activities to detennine the effectiveness of
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engineering controls and verify levels of protection. Once activities have been shown to produce consistent
air monitoring results, which do not exceed action levels, the frequency of the air monitoring may be
reduced at the discretion of the HSO.
All instruments utilized shall be response checked daily and calibrated as per manufacturer's
recommendations and in accordance with acceptable industrial hygiene protocol. In addition, the
instrument shall be calibrated in the same environmental conditions at which it will be used, or the
calibration will be corrected mathematically for differences in temperature, humidity and barometric
pressure, where appropriate. The monitoring instrumentation requires frequent charging and routine
cleaning to ensure that they function properly when needed. The HSO shall be responsible for training
personnel in the proper use and care of all monitoring instrumentation.
A calibration log shall be kept for each instrument. This log shall also contain detailed descriptions of any
problems encountered, along with records of factory calibrations and repairs.
6.3 Integrated Personal Sampling
In addition to real time air monitoring during remedial activities, a personal air monitoring program shall
provide for the determination of worker's airborne exposure levels to specific contaminants. Such a
determination will be made from laboratory analysis of air samples collected from representative workers
during an average work shift. The selection of the workers to be monitored for daily exposure shall be
done by the HSO based on their professional judgement of the characteristics of the jobs and the locations
in each work area and will be biased toward those workers determined to be highest at risk.
Initially, personal air monitoring will be performed on one (I) to two (2) representative employees for three
days over the first two (2) weeks of full-scale operations. These samples shall be screened for major
contaminants of concern listed in Table 6-2 . Screening for these specific contaminants shall take place
during any new work phase. The continued sampling strategy shall depend on the results of the initial
monitoring. Follow-up worst case samples shall be performed at the discretion of the HSO. If levels above
the Action Level are detected, additional air sampling shall be performed. Air samples will be submitted to
an AIHA accredited Laboratory for analysis.
Personal air sampling results will be used to determine personnel exposure during remedial construction,
and will determine if the level of personal protection is adequate for work being performed.
Upgrades/down grades in levels of personal protective equipment are based on real-time direct reading
instruments and verified by integrated personal sampling. Initial levels shall be established based on prior
project experience with similar materials, calculated exposure values based on sample analysis, and real-
time readings during sample collection.
Calibrated personal air sampling pumps shall be used to draw air through appropriate sampling media in
order to collect representative integrated air samples. Air sampling pumps shall be calibrated before each
use in the field using a primary standard. If precision rotameters are used, they shall be calibrated to a
traceable primary standard in the laboratory, prior to use in the field.
For assessing employee exposures, sampling media shall be placed in the approximate breathing zone of
representative, potentially exposed employees. Employees to be monitored shall be selected based on a
worst case sampling strategy, such that those employees with the greatest potential for exposure shall be
monitored.
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CONTAMINANT
Respirable Dust as measured by
PDM-3. (Calculated allowable
dust emission based on maximum
PCB concentration in the soil is
147 mg/m3. See Appendix VIII,
HASP). This level is significantly
higher than the Action Level
required for respirable dust, and
therefore, respirable dust readings
will be used for Action Levels.
Organic Vapors (PIO)**
Above background
TABLE 6-2
ACTION LEVEL LATTICE
ACTION LEVEL
Sustained above background *
<3 mg/m3
3:::.,, <5 mg/m3
::5 mg/m3
:::I Units*** (ppm)
> I ppm, <5 ppm
Sustained above background * * * *
• No Benzene
• Benzene :::: I ppm, .::: IO ppm
(based upon 8-hr TWA).
Or
• Benzene >IO ppm, .:::50 ppm
(based upon 8-hr TWA).
• Benzene >50 ppm (based upon
8-hr TWA)
>5ppm (sustained) for 15 minutes
Short Term Exposure Limit(STEL)
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Warren County PCB Landfill
ACTION
Level D
Continue Level D, Increase
monitoring frequency
Upgrade to Level C ( I /2 or full
face), P-100 filters. Increase
monitoring frequency. Implement
engineering controls.
Level D
Continue Level D. Increase
monitoring
Pull Dreager Tube for Benzene
Continue Level D
Level C (1 /2 face or full face), or
evacuate until vapor dissipates.
Collect samples for Benzene 8-hr
time weighted average exposure
(TWA).
Level C (full face), or evacuate
until vapor dissipates. Collect
samples for Benzene 8-hr TWA
exposure.
Level 8, or evacuate until vapor
dissipates. Collect samples for
Benzene 8-hr TWA exposure.
Implement engineering controls.
Upgrade to Level C, or evacuate
until vapors dissipate. Collect
samples for organic compounds 8-
hr TWA exposure. Corporate
Health & Safety Officer (CHSO)
to evaluate results and determine
if adjustment to PPE is required
based on compounds identified,
PEL, 8-hr TWA and STEL.
Implement engineering controls.
Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
TABLE 6-2
ACTION LEVEL LATTICE
(Continued)
Oxygen (02) 19.5%.::: to 92.5% Level D
<19.5% or >22.5% Remove personnel from area.
Evaluate situation. Upgrade to
Level B.
Lower Explosion .:::5% Level D
Limit (LEL)
*
**
***
****
>5%, <10% Continue Level D, Increase
monitoring frequency
:::10% Do not enter area. Remove
personnel from area and
reevaluate.
Particulate Readings: Real time readings will be averaged as described above, an upgrade will be
implemented if two consecutive periods exceed a particular action level.
Organic vapor meter should be calibrated to benzene equivalents.
"Units" are indicated as prescribed by the specific direct reading instrument. This lattice is designed to
correlate integrated sample results with real time/direct readings, to allow for timely and effective decisions
to be made with regard to personal protective equipment and respiratory protection.
Organic Vapors Readings: (1) To be used to determine sustained readings if instantaneous readings
approach Action Limit. Sustained monitoring period consists of 20 readings taken every 15 seconds. All
readings will be averaged at the end of the monitoring period. Two consecutive sustained monitoring
periods warrant corrective action.
NOTE: Engineering controls may be used at any time to control emissions.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
6.4 Stack Gas Monitoring
Stack sampling will be conducted by a qualified stack testing contractor during each of the three
performance test runs for the CBCD and BBCD. This testing will be conducted to demonstrate compliance
with applicable air discharge requirements. Samples will be collected in accordance with the site
Performance Demonstration Plan.
The Contractor will conduct continuous process monitoring to provide total hydrocarbon readings at the
CBCD and BBCD process gas discharge stacks during full-scale operation.
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Health & ~~,ety Plan Warren County l-~..., Landfill Description Performance Demonstration (PD) Monitoring WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL DETOXIFICATION PROJECT TABLE 6-3 PERSONNEL MONITORING AND SAMPLING SUMMARY Samples Location Frequency Quality Sampling Compounds Preparation/ Control Equipment o Analytical Methods Excavation 2 workers for 2 days each Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Toxic Organic NIOSH 1500, 150 I Area I blank per POP Pump w/ Compounds testing method specific media Total Dust NlOSH 0500 PCB's NlOSH 5503 Mini PUF Dioxin/Furan EPA TO-9A Blending I worker for 2 days Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Toxic Organic NIOSH 1500, 1501 Area Pump w/ Compounds method specific media Total Dust NIOSH 0500 PCB's NIOSH 5503 Mini PUF Dioxin/Furan EPA TO-9A BBCD and 2 workers for 2 days each Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Toxic Organic NIOSH 1500, 1501 CBCD I blank per POP Pump w/ Compounds Area testing method specific media Total Dust NIOSH 0500 PCB's NIOSH 5503 Mini PUF Dioxin/Furan EPA TO-9A Liquid 1 worker for 2 days Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Toxic Organic NIOSH 1500, 1501 BCD Area Pump w/ Compounds method specific media Total Dust NIOSH 0500 PCB's NIOSH 5503 Mini PUF Dioxin/Furan EPA TO-9A ETG Environmental, Inc/ BFA Environmental Consultants Final March 2000 42 Estimated Samples 5 5 5 5 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 2 2 2 2
Health & ~c1iety Plan Description Location Performance Aqueous Demonstration Phase Area (PD) Monitoring ( continued) All Processing Areas Monitoring Full Scale /\ Excavation Monitoring -Area First 2 Wks. Blending Area BBCD and CBCD Area Liquid BCD Area Warren County PLo Landfill WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL DETOXIFICATION PROJECT TABLE 6-3 PERSONNEL MONITORING AND SAMPLING SUMMARY Samples Frequency Quality Sampling Compounds Preparation/ Control Equipment o Analytical Methods I worker for 2 days Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Toxic Organic NIOSH 1500, 1501 Pump w/ Compounds method specific media Total Dust NIOSH 0500 PCB's NIOSH 5503 Mini PUF Dioxin/Furan EPA TO-9A Direct readings* of Dust and Daily Calibration PDM-3 Dust Direct reading VOC's in Excavation, Soil Blending, BBCD, CBCD, LBCD, and Aqueous Phase Treatment areas. Readings PID/FID YOC's Direct reading taken in breathing zone every 2 hours. 2 workers for 3 days each Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Total Dust NIOSH 0500 1 blank per week Pump w/ method specific media PCB's NIOSH 5503 I worker for 3 days Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Total Dust NIOSH 0500 Pump w/ method specific PCB's NIOSH 5503 media 2 workers for 3 days each Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Total Dust NIOSH 0500 I blank per week Pump w/ method specific media PCB's NIOSH 5503 I worker for 3 days Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Total Dust NIOSH 0500 Pump w/ method specific PCB's NIOSH 5503 media Estimated Samples 2 2 2 2 Every 2 hours Every 2 hours 8 8 3 3 8 8 3 3 ETG Environmental, Inc I BF A Environmental Consultants Final March 2000 43
Health & .:,afety Plan Warren County h .. ,rl Landfill Description Location Full Scale /\ Aqueous Monitoring -Phase Area First 2 Wks. (Continued) All Processing Areas Monitoring Full Scale -All After 2 Processing Weeks Areas Monitoring WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL DETOXIFICATION PROJECT TABLE 6-3 PERSONNEL MONITORING AND SAMPLING SUMMARY Samples Frequency Quality Sampling Compounds Preparation/ Control Equipment o Analytical Methods I worker for 3 days Laboratory QA/QC Gillian Air Total Dust NIOSH 0500 Pump w/ method specific PCB's NIOSH 5503 media Direct readings of Dust and Daily Calibration PDM-3 Dust Direct reading VOC's in Excavation, Soil Blending, BBCD, CBCD, LBCD, and Aqueous Phase Treatment areas. Readings taken PID/FID VOC's Direct reading in breathing zone twice per shift. Direct readings of Dust and Daily Calibration PDM-3 Dust Direct reading VOC's in Excavation, Soil Blending, BBCD, CBCD, LBCD, and Aqueous Phase Treatment areas. Twice per shift. Readings taken in PID/FID VOC's Direct reading breathing zone. * Direct reading data used for both personnel monitoring and process monitoring information. Estimated Samples 3 3 Every 2 hours Every 2 hours Minimum of 5 locations Minimum of5 locations /\ This Integrated Sampling Summary assumes initial readings show no elevated constituent levels. 1 f elevated levels are found, additional monitoring/sampling will be planned and the table will be modified. o Sampling equipment noted or equivalent. ETG Environmental, Inc/ BFA Environmental Consultants Final March 2000 44
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
7.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
This section describes the general requirements of the EPA designated Levels of Protection (A-D), and the initial
levels of protection required for each task at the site. Note: Contractor must determine specific types of materials
for PPE, as per 1910.132 to 1910.138. Chemical resistance data shall be submitted to support all PPE selections.
7 .1 Levels of Protection
Personnel protective equipment shall be used when operations involve known or suspected atmospheric
contamination; when vapors, gases, or particulate may be generated by site operations, or when direct
contact with skin-affecting substances may occur.
The specific levels of protection for operations and necessary components for each have been divided into
categories according to the degrees of protection afforded:
Level A:The highest level of skin and respiratory protection. Use of Level A is not anticipated on this
project.
Level 8: Should be worn when the highest level of respiratory protection, but a lesser level of skin
protection is needed.
Level C: Should be worn when the criteria for using air-purifying respirators are met, and a lesser level of
skin protection is needed.
Level D: Level D provides minimal protection against chemical hazards. It is normally worn only as a
work uniform and not in any area with significant respiratory or skin contact hazards. Level D
Modified should be worn when respiratory protection is not warranted but dermal protection is
necessary. (See Section 6.2.3)
Modifications of these levels are permitted and routinely employed during operations to max1m1ze
efficiency. For example, Level C respiratory protection and Level D skin protection may be required for a
given task. Likewise the type of chemical protective ensemble will depend upon contaminants,
concentration and extent of contact.
The Level of Protection selected is based upon the following:
Type and measured concentration of the chemical substance in the ambient atmosphere as well as
its toxicity.
Potential for exposure to substances in air, splashes of liquids, or other direct contact with material
due to the work activity.
Knowledge of chemicals on-site along with properties such as toxicity, route of exposure and
contaminant matrix.
Understanding of chemical, physical and biological hazards that may be encountered.
7.2 Level A Personal Protective Equipment:
• Supplied-air respirator approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Respirators may be positive
pressure-demand, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or positive pressure-demand, airline
respirators (with escape bottle for Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) or potential
IDLH atmosphere).
• Fully encapsulating chemical-resistant suit
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
• Coveralls or secondary protective suit (Tyvek or equivalent)
• Inner gloves (multi-chemical resistant), additional inner glove (leather), if necessary
• Boots, chemical-resistant, steel toe and shank (depending on suit construction, worn over or under
suit boot)
• Hard hat (under suit)
• Disposable gloves and boot covers (worn over fully encapsulating suit)
• 2-way radio communications (intrinsically safe)
7.3 Level B Personal Protective Equipment
Respiratory Protection -Positive pressure demand, full face-piece self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA), or positive pressure demand supplied-air respirator (SAR), with escape SCBA
(NIOSH/MSHA approved).
Clothing -Saranex outer su its (or eq uivalent) with attached hoods and booties (disposable) and
work clothes and/or coveralls beneath protective suit.
Gloves (outer) -Nitrile/neoprene: leather/cotton work gloves to remain in zone
Gloves (inner)-Nitrite/neoprene surgical type
Boots -Steel toe and shank
Boot covers -butyl rubber or neoprene
Hard hat
7.4 Level C Personal Protective Equipment
Respiratory Protection -full-face air-purifying respirator (APR), equipped with organic vapor and
high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) chemical cartridge, or equivalent (MSHA/NIOSH
approved). NOTE: Half-face respirators may be used if it is determined that visual acuity is of
more concern than respiratory protection. Safety glasses or goggles will be worn if half face
respirators are donned.
Clothing -Tyvek coveralls, or equivalent, with attached hoods and booties.
Gloves (outer) -Nitrite/neoprene; leather/cotton type to be left in zone
Gloves (inner)-Nitrite/neoprene surgical type
Boots -Steel toe and shank
Boot covers (outer) -Butyl rubber or neoprene
Hard hat
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Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan
7.5 Level D Modified
Clothing -Tyvek coveralls (or equivalent) with hoods and booties
Gloves (outer) -Leather or Cotton
Gloves (inner)-Nitrile/neoprene surgical type
Boots -Steel toe and shank
Boot covers ( outer) -Butyl rubber or neoprene
Hard hat
Safety glasses
7.6 Level D
Work uniform
Boots -Steel toe and shank
Hard hat
Safety glasses
7.7 Additional Personal Protective Equipment
Warren County PCB Landfill
Warning vests, as needed, orange vests must be worn by all employees exposed to vehicular traffic
Fall protection devices, as needed, orange vest must be worn by all employees exposed to
vehicular traffic.
Hearing protection, as needed
Chemical splash goggles or face shield and chemical splash apron as appropriate when splashes
may occur.
NOTE: Appropriate cool vests and/or other heat reducing devices may be worn to prevent heat stress.
7.8 Reassessment of Protective Program
The Level of Protection provided by PPE selection shall be upgraded or downgraded based upon changes
in operations, air monitoring data, or other findings. The re-evaluation process shall be ongoing during the
project. When a significant change occurs in the process or tasks performed, the hazards and PPE needed
shall be re-assessed. Some indicators of the need for re-assessment are:
Commencement of a new work phase, such as the start of work that begins on a different waste
matrix.
Change in job tasks during a work phase or implementation of new engineering controls.
When temperature extremes or individual medical considerations limit the effectiveness of PPE.
Contaminants other than those previously identified are encountered.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
Change in ambient levels of contaminants.
Change in work scope affecting the degree of contact with contaminants.
7.9 Work Activity Duration
Prior to operations in PPE ensembles. the anticipated duration of the work activity shall be established.
This shall be determined at the daily tailgate safety briefing. Situations which limit work activity length,
include:
Ambient temperature and weather conditions (heat stress).
Capacity of personnel to work in PPE.
Nature of the work task.
7.10 Personal Protective Clothing/Equipment, Inspection
Proper inspection of PPE features several sequences of inspection depending upon specific articles of PPE
and its frequency of use. The different levels of inspection are as follows:
Inspection and operational testing of equipment received from the factory or distributor.
Inspection of equipment as it is issued to workers.
Inspection prior to use.
Inspection after use or training and prior to maintenance.
Periodic inspection of stored equipment.
Periodic inspection when a question arises concerning the appropriateness of the selected
equipment, or when problems with similar equipment arise.
The following inspection list for PPE will be in use and shall be implemented prior to immediate use and
conducted by the user. This ensures that the user has checked out the specific device or article and that the
user is familiar with its use.
Before use:
Determine that the clothing material is correct for the specified task at hand.
Visually inspect for:
imperfect seams
non-uniform coatings
tears
malfunctioning closures
defects
During the work task, periodically inspect for:
Evidence of chemical attack such as discoloration, swelling, stiffening, and softening.
Keep in mind, however, that chemical permeation can occur without any visible effects.
Closure failure.
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Health & Safety Plan
Tears.
Punctures.
Seam discontinuities.
7.11 Site Specific Levels of Protection (Anticipated)
Warren County PCB Landfill
The following initial levels of protection are recommended based on the current available information. As
more information becomes available. the levels of protection may be upgraded or downgraded at the
discretion of the HSO.
Table 7-1-Initial Levels of Protection (Anticipated)
TASK LEVELS OF PROTECTION
Mobilization Level D
Construction Level D
Receiving Level D
Material Handling Level D Modified
Excavation Level D/C
Material Loading (Contaminated) Level D/C
Material Unloading Level D
Stormwater Management Level D Modified
BCD Process Operations Level D Modified/C
Site Restoration Level D
Backfilling Level D/C
Maintenance of BBCD/CBCD/LBCD Process Level D/C
Equipment
Maintenance of Vapor Recovery Level D/C
Systems/Condensate Collection/Water
Treatment Systems
Material Loading (Treated) Level D
Decontamination of Equipment Level D Modified/C
Site Restoration Level D
Demobilization Level D
PPE selection and use are discussed in Section 3 and identified within the TAHA of Table 3-2. Changes in levels of
protection shall be based upon airborne contaminant or physical hazard monitoring conducted by the HSO. The
continued use of the specified level of protection shall be based upon monitoring conducted by the HSO and
established action levels.
Respirator selection and fit tests shall be conducted in accordance with 1910.134 regulations. Documentation of the
size, brand, and model number of the air-purifying respirator shall be retained by the HSO.
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Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
8.0 DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES
Decontamination procedures are necessary to protect field personnel and control the spread of
contamination by either personnel or equipment. Decontamination facilities shall be situated at the
entrance/exit to the CRZ. Personnel decontamination shall consist of a step-by-step procedure as described
below. The level of protection for decontamination of personnel will be one level lower then the personnel
exiting the EZ. Standard operating procedures for decontamination procedures include the following:
• Reusable suits will be cleaned with water and an approved solution with a long handled brush followed
by a water rinse.
• Over-boots will be washed, rinsed and then removed.
• Disposable coverall(s) will be removed and placed in a plastic trash bag. Bags shall be staged in a
secure location for future disposal.
• Disposable gloves will be removed and placed in a plastic trash bag. Bags shall be staged in a secure
location for future disposal.
• Respirators shall be washed in a respirator sanitizing solution, rinsed, and dried daily and/or following
use in accordance with respiratory protection procedures defined in Section 10.0.
8.1 Equipment Decontamination Procedures
Heavy equipment and process equipment shall be decontaminated by pressure and/or steam cleaning with
treated water from the wastewater treatment plant or other defined potable water sources. The process
layout shall be designed to separate contaminated materials from non-contaminated materials to the extent
possible. Contaminated equipment utilized in the processing of waste streams shall be decontaminated prior
to exiting the EZ/CRZ.
8.2 Disposable PPE
Disposable PPE will be securely contained in plastic bags placed in a roll-off container ( or equivalent) and
staged near the decontamination area to await disposal.
8.3 Decontamination During Medical Emergencies
If immediate life saving first aid or medical treatment is required. decontamination procedures shall be
omitted. Outer garments can be removed as long as it does not delay giving the proper care or aggravate
the condition. Grossly contaminated clothing should be removed carefully, because clothing can transfer
contaminants to people administering first aid. If the outer garments cannot be safely removed, the
individual will be wrapped in plastic, rubber, or blankets to help prevent the spread of contamination to
emergency personnel. On-Site personnel will accompany contaminated victims to the medical facility to
advise-on matters involving decontamination.
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Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
9.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
A separate stand-alone Emergency Response Plan has been developed for the project and should be implemented
incase of emergency. The Emergency Response Plan describes:
Pre Emergency Planning
Personnel Roles and Line of Authority and Communication
Evacuation Routes and Procedures
Emergency Spill Response Procedures and Equipment
Medical Emergency Contingency Measures
Fire Contingency Measures
Hazardous Weather Contingency Measures
Spill/Release Contingency Measures
For ease of reference the Emergency Telephone Numbers and Contacts from the Emergency Response Plan are
included herein, along with a map showing the location of Maria Parham Hospital, local fire department, Warren
County Sheriff Station and Warren County Emergency Management Services (EMS).
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Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
Table 9.1
Warren County PCB Landfill Detoxification Project
Emergency Telephone Numbers
Local Agencies
Warrentown Rural Country Fire Department
Police (Warren County Sheriff)
Warren County EMS -Ambulance Service/Paramedics
Hospital -Maria Parham Hospital -566 Ruin Creek Rd.
Henderson, North Carolina
Directions:
Leave site by main gate. Tum right onto SR 1604 (Limertown Rd).
Proceed 2.0 miles, at stop sign tum right onto US 40 I and travel north
toward Warrentown. Travel 3.4 miles to Warrentown, at traffic light tum
left onto Franklin Street (SR 100 I). (Franklin St. becomes Martin Luther
King Dr. in Warren County and becomes Warrentown Road in Vance
County). Travel 12.1 miles toward Henderson. At stop sign tum left to
continue on SR 1001 to Henderson. Travel I. 7 miles to traffic light and tum
left onto business US I-Highway 158.
Travel 0.8 miles at traffic light tum right onto ramp 1-85 South. Travel 3 .5
miles to exit 212 for Ruin Creek Road. Tum right at end of exit ramp and
then immediately left. Hospital sign indicates direction to emergency room.
Total driving distance 23.5 miles, driving time 30 to 40 minutes.
County Hazmat Response
NCDENR Division of Waste Management
North Carolina Department of Environmental
North Carolina Division of Emergency Management
Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Center
Poison Control Center
National Response Center
Center for Disease Control
CHEMTREC
Oil Spill Hotline
Prime Contractor
Office
24-hour number/contact
Project Safety Manager
Site Safety Manager
Site Manager
Project Manager
Key Subcontractor(s)
Office
24-hour number/contact
Project Safety Manager
Site Safety Manager
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911 or252-257-3104
911 or 252-257-3364
911 or252-257-2616
252-43 8-4143
911 or 252-257-3456
919-733-4996 ext. 308
919-733-2314
919-733-3867
800-564-7577
800-848-6946
800-424-8802
404-488-4100
800-424-9300
404-562-8700
To be provided
To be provided
Final March 2000
l. ~ .,,,.~~&,,~ . I / -------~ ,,, .. -;:::-.-"",,..__.,...,,, ....... _ / ) / l,,-,_.-1,.,.,..., I I _ _,, ___ _/ r' / / ( L.-JJ ___ _ I J 1-_,,/ --'/"· .................. ~-· C:\D'fG\-1040\EF-W '-\ -----r-,, _________ \ ---_;::::J----l ~" , -, ! ' ,.. ,. .... ----.. ,·,.,.,,,,,r--~J--·-.___...,! I _,;--·--··· ' __ ,,. / ---1 ,·-/ / ·, _/ r-___ _., / __ .-~,_,,,,--...l .-----,../ --! 104 College St / / ( Warrenton. NC 27589 I I , .J , , .warren PlaU'!S ) ( 129 E Market St Warrenton, NC 27589 8 / / ~-\ \ '1 \_ i ----4 ' .Cokesbury ·. ____ \..._j\.., : ' ' ' : ,,.,.,, Adcock Crossr~\ds l \ I_ . ----,) •. ""'. ~-F-aul~er Crossroad~ , __ I t \ J '\ ,,.·· 0 : , l . ' . \ \_.-"\,,\ '-, '\ \ V1cksborb·---_ _,, . ... ...... ,,""\ ___._ \ .,,.~------·v"-"' L / >--· 7'-,, .. ~ ,,__ ;-,-----.s---,, I I ' I I \ G~ -I I ' muurg-· } '\ ,. \ / \ -------" \ I, l ' ---.-----i /,-.l.______ / Liberia '"-----_ ., L ( _). ,../ .. -------------, ,, I > •-.. _ __; ',,_____,,----, 'vi ·L, ,■tiMIIFHiiiiWMlk_ . \ .Parktown (\ ,...________ \j I ,-, _.,..-' \ i.._ / l.r,,.._, _____ , "l --✓ .,,.--'-........ __ j \ 0 ml 2 4 t_\ \ '\ ..... -,._ ____ ... ___ . 6 ll!!'P~ ETG ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. EMERGENCY FACILITIES MAP WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL DRAWING 011 llii,i. W 16 Hager1y Blvd., Wat Chester PA 19382•[phone]
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
10.0 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROCEDURES
The following subsections define standard operating procedures for air purifying respirators, self-contained
breathing apparatus, and supplied air respirators.
All types of respiratory protection shall be utilized according to the manufacturer recommendations. Respiratory
protection will be worn in all EZ and CRZ areas as required by the task. Any deviation from or non-adherence to
respirator requirements will result in removal from such area followed by disciplinary action.
10.1 Air-Purifying Respirators (APR)
Respiratory Protection -Full face APR, equipped with organic vapor, P-100 chemical cartridge, or
equivalent (NIOSH approved). NOTE: Half face respirators may be used, if it is determined that visual
acuity is of more concern than respiratory protection.
APRs in daily use shall be cleaned and disinfected at least daily. When respirators are used occasionally or
when they are in storage, the cleaning interval is weekly or monthly, as appropriate.
10.1.1 Daily Cleaning Procedure
The steps to be followed for cleaning and disinfecting daily are as follows:
Respirator Disassembly -Respirators are taken to a clean location where the filters,
cartridges or canisters will be removed. For a thorough cleaning, inhalation and
exhalation valves, speaking diaphragm and any hoses should be removed.
Cleaning -In most instances, an appropriate cleaning and disinfecting solution is
dissolved in warm water in an appropriate tub. Using gloves, the respirator is placed in
the tub and swirled for a few moments. A soft brush may be used to facilitate cleaning.
Rinsing -The cleaned respirators are rinsed thoroughly in water to remove all traces of
detergent and disinfectant. This is very important for preventing dermatitis.
Disinfecting-The rinsed respirator should be placed in a IO to I water/bleach solution,
allow the respirator to be completely covered with the bleach solution, and remove
promptly.
Drying -The respirators may be allowed to air dry in clean area. They may be hung
upside down like drying clothes, but care must be taken not to damage or distort the face
pieces.
Re-assembly and Inspection -The clean, dry respirator face-piece should be re-assembled
and inspected in an area separate from the disassembly area to avoid cross-contamination.
Special emphasis should be given to inspecting the respirators for detergent or soap
residue left by inadequate rinsing. This problem appears most often under the seat of the
exhalation valve were it can cause the valves to leak or stick.
10.1.2 After Routine Use in Exclusion Zone
The steps for cleaning and disinfecting in the field are as follows:
• The mask should be washed/rinsed with a disinfecting solution, dried using paper towels
and placed in an appropriate storage container, such as a poly-lined plastic container.
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10.1.3 APR Inspection and Checkouts
1. Visually inspect the entire APR unit for any obvious damages, defects or deteriorated
rubber.
2. Make sure that the face-piece harness is not damaged. The serrated portion of the harness
can fragment which will prevent proper face seal adjustment.
3. Inspect lens for damage and proper seal in face-piece.
4. Exhalation Valve -check valve for debris or for tears in the neoprene valve (which could
cause leakage).
5. Inhalation Valves (two) -screw off cartridges/canisters and visually inspect neoprene
valves for tears or deformation. Make sure that the inhalation valves and cartridge
receptacle gaskets are in place.
6. Make sure the speaking diaphragm retainer ring is hand tight.
7. Make sure that you have the correct cartridge.
8. Don respirator and perform negative/positive pressure test.
10.1.4 Storage of Air Purifying Respirators
OSHA requires that respirators be stored to protect against:
• Dust;
• Sunlight;
• Heat;
• Extreme cold;
• Excessive moisture;
• Damaging chemicals; and
• Mechanical damage.
Storage of respirators should be in a clean, secure area, which minimizes the chance for
contamination or unsanitary conditions.
10.2 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA's) and Supplied Air Respirators (SAR's)
Positive pressure demand, full face-piece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or pressure demand
supplied-air respirator (SAR), with escape SCBA (NIOSH approved) will be used when the highest level of
respiratory protection is needed, Level A or B.
SCBA face pieces will be cleaned and disinfected at least daily. When respirators are used only
occasionally or when they are in storage, the cleaning interval is weekly or monthly, as appropriate.
SCBA backpack/harness assembly should be kept in a clean, dry and secure area. The SCBA's
backpack/harness assembly must be decontaminated before leaving the CRZ.
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10.2.1 Daily Cleaning Procedures
The steps to be followed for cleaning and disinfecting daily are as follows:
Respirator Disassembly -Respirators are taken to a clean location where inhalation and
exhalation valves, speaking diaphragm, and any hoses are removed.
Cleaning -The appropriate cleaning and disinfecting solution is used, and is dissolved in
an appropriate tub filled with warm water. The respirator is then placed in the tub and
swirled for a few moments. A soft brush may be used to facilitate cleaning.
Rinsing -The cleaned and disinfected respirators are rinsed thoroughly in water to
remove all traces of detergent and disinfectant. This is very important for preventing
dermatitis.
Drying -The respirators may be allowed to dry in a clean area on a clean surface. They
may also be hung upside down, but care must be taken not to damage or distort the face
pieces.
Disinfecting-The rinsed respirator should be placed in a 10 to I water/bleach solution
allow the respirator to be completely covered with the bleach solution, and remove
promptly.
Re-assembly and Inspection -The clean, dry respirator face-piece should be re-assembled
and inspected in an area separate from the disassembly area to avoid contamination.
Special emphasis should be given to inspecting the respirators for detergent or soap
residue left by inadequate rinsing which can cause valve leakage or sticking.
10.2.2 After Routine Use in Exclusion Zone
The steps to be followed for cleaning and disinfecting in the field are as follows:
The mask should be washed and rinsed with a disinfecting solution, dried with paper
towels and placed in an appropriate container, such as a poly-lined plastic pail, with a lid.
10.2.3 SCBA Inspection and Checkouts
Monthly Inspection
1. Check cylinder label for current hydrostatic test date.
2. Inspect cylinder for large dents or gouges.
3. Check presence of cylinder lock.
4. Inspect cylinder gauge for damage.
5. Complete full checkout procedure.
6. Fill out the appropriate records with results and recommendations.
Routine Inspection
I. Immediately prior to donning.
2. Prior to storage, after cleaning and sanitation.
3. Follow the complete procedure.
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Complete SCBA Inspection Procedure
I. Before proceeding, check that the:
• High-pressure hose connector is tight on cylinder fitting.
• By-pass valve is closed.
• Mainline valve is closed.
• Regulator outlet is not covered or obstructed.
2. Backpack and harness assembly:
• Visually inspect straps for wear, damage and completeness.
• Check wear and function of belt.
• Check backplate and cylinder holder for damage.
3. Cylinder and high pressure hose assembly:
4.
• Check cylinder to assure that it is firmly attached to back-plate.
• Open cylinder valve: listen or feel for leakage around packing and hose connection.
• Check high pressure hose.
Regulator:
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Cover regulator outlet with palm of hand.
Open mainline valve.
Note stoppage of airflow after positive pressure builds.
Close mainline valve.
Remove hand from regulator outlet.
Open by-pass valve slowly to assure proper function.
Close by-pass valve.
Cover regulator outlet again with palm of hand.
Open mainline valve.
Note pressure reading on regulator gauge.
Close cylinder valve while keeping hand over regulator.
Slowly remove hand from outlet and allow air to flow.
Note pressure when low-pressure warning alarm sounds; it should be
between 550 -650 psi, or as specified by the manufacturer.
Remove hand from regulator outlet.
Close mainline valve.
Check regulator for leaks: blowing air into regulator for 5-10 seconds.
Draw air from outlet for 5-10 seconds. If a positive pressure or vacuum
cannot be maintained, there is a leak. DO NOT USE THIS SCBA.
5. Face piece and corrugated breathing hose:
✓ Inspect head harness and Face piece for damage, serration, and deteriorated
rubber.
✓ Inspect lens for damage and proper seal in Face piece.
✓ Inspect exhalation valve for damage and dirt build-up.
✓ Stretch breathing hose and carefully inspect for holes and deterioration.
✓ Inspect connector for damage and presence of washer.
✓ Perform negative pressure test with Face piece donned.
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6. Storage:
✓ Refill cylinder to rated and tested pressure.
✓ Close cylinder valve.
✓ Tightly connect high-pressure hose to cylinder.
✓ Bleed pressure from high-pressure hose by opening mainline valve.
✓ Close by-pass valve.
✓ Close mainline valve.
✓ Fully extend all straps.
✓ Store Face piece in a clean plastic bag for protection.
10.2.4 Storage of SCBA 's
OSHA requires that respirators be stored to protect against:
• Dust
• Sunlight
• Heat
• Extreme Cold
• Excessive Moisture
• Damaging Chemicals
• Mechanical damage
Storage of respirators should be in a clean, secure area, which mmumzes the chance for
contamination or unsanitary conditions.
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Final March 2000
Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
11.0 PERSONNEL TRAINING AND MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM
All employees who perform operations shall meet all of the requirements identified within the HASP. Prior to
working on site, personnel shall receive site specific training from the HSO.
All new employees will receive appropriate training for their respective position. Employees will not be permitted to
perform work unsupervised until competency with system components is demonstrated and approved by an
experienced/authorized employee. All training shall be documented and maintained on site. Documentation will be
provided to the corporate office.
Medical monitoring programs are designed to track the physical condition of employees on a regular basis and
survey pre-employment or baseline conditions prior to potential exposures. All personnel that may enter the CRZ or
EZ shall provide proof of their physical and fit-for-duty and able to wear respiratory protection documentation. The
questionnaire in 1910.134 shall be provided to the Licensed Health Care Professional approving employees to use
respirators.
11.1 Baseline or Pre-assignment Medical Monitoring
Prior to being assigned to a hazardous or potentially hazardous act1v1ty involving exposure to toxic
materials, each employee must receive a pre-assignment or baseline physical. The contents of the physical
are to be determined by a medical consultant, and shall include the elements in 29 CFR 1910.120(f). The
examining physician must be given a copy of the description of duties and expected exposures. The
minimum medical monitoring requirements for work at the site are as follows:
• Complete medical and work histories
• Physical examination
• Pulmonary function tests
• Chest X-ray (every 2 years or as recommended by physician)
• EKG
• Eye examination and visual acuity
• Audiometry
• Urinalysis
• Blood chemistry, including hematology, serum analysis
• PCB screen
• Heavy Metal Screen (as needed)
Only those employees determined by the pre-assignment physical as fit-for-duty and able to wear
respiratory protection or currently enrolled in a medical monitoring program meeting the requirements of
Section 11 .1 will be allowed to work in the CRZ or EZ. Each employee shall be provided with a written
narrative of the results from the examination.
Employees will be required to provide proof of current respirator certification. If respirator certification is
not current and/or different brands (different from employees current certification) of respirators are being
used, those employees will be fit tested by the HSO. All certifications will be kept on-site with a copy
forwarded to CHSO. Medical records shall be maintained as per 1910.20.
11.2 Exit Examinations
All personnel that have entered the CRZ or EZ during this project, and are enrolled in an annual medical
program, will be provided an exit physical at the conclusion of their employment in the project.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
11.3 Frequency of Medical Monitoring
Frequency of medical monitoring shall be done in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.120 (t) (3) and 1910.134.
Employees shall undergo a medical examination prior to the job assignment and at least every twelve
months unless the attending physician believes a longer interval is appropriate, at termination of
employment or re-assignment to an area where the employee would not be covered if the employee has not
had an examination in the last six months, as soon as possible upon notification by an employee that they
have developed signs or symptoms indicating possible overexposure, or at more frequent times if the
examining physician determines that an increased frequency of examination is medically necessary.
11.4 Drug and Alcohol Policy
The Contractor will be required to have and implement a Drug and Alcohol Policy. The Contractor must
be committed to maintain a work environment free from illegal drugs use and alcohol use . An example of
an acceptable drug and alcohol policy is included as Appendix XIII.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
12.0 HEARING CONSERVATION PROGRAM
Noise levels during the project cannot be detennined until the work is actually underway. In anticipation of some
exposures in excess of the 85-d-BA action level, all employees who will be working in or near heavy equipment
shall be given baseline audiometric examinations as part of the medical surveillance program. Audiometric
examinations shall be repeated annually for all employees exposed over 85 dB-A, 8-hour, TWA and the results
compared to the base line audiogram results. If a threshold shift as defined in 29 CFR 1910.95 (g) (10) has
occurred, the employee shall be notified in writing and shall be required to wear Hearing Protection Devices (HPD),
in all noise areas over 85 dB-A.
Noise level monitoring shall be perfonned using sound level meters and personal noise dosimeters as needed and
detennined by the project CHSO or HSO. Employees working in areas where time weighted average noise
exposures exceed 85 dB-A, shall be notified of the results of the monitoring and shall be required to wear HPD with
sufficient noise reduction ratings (NRR) when noise levels exceed 90 d-BA.
Training in the recognition of high noise areas, the concerns of OSHA Hearing Conversation Program, the effect of
noise on hearing, the purpose and an explanation of audiometric examinations and the proper selection, use, care and
attenuation of the various types of hearing protection devices shall be presented as part of the initial training.
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13.0 LOGS, REPORTS, AND RECORD KEEPING
The following logs, reports, and records shall be developed and maintained on site and available for review to
approving authorities upon request.
• Training Logs (site-specific and visitors) and notices to workers.
• Daily Safety Inspection Logs (may be part of the Daily QC report).
• Equipment O & M Manuals and records.
• Process Monitoring Reports.
• Employee, Visitor Register.
• Environmental and personal exposure monitoring/sampling results.
Copies of the following items shall be kept in each employee file:
• Training certificate for 40-hour training, and 8-hour refresher (if required)
• Medical certifications/fit for duty forms only
• Personal air sampling results
• Respirator fit test record
• Incident reports involving employee
• Other items as necessary
Medical records shall be maintained on site, in a locked area, as well as in the employer's office for their employees.
All exposure sampling results shall be maintained by the HSO and reviewed periodically by the CHSO. In addition,
results of air sampling shall be reviewed at the project management meetings. Any equipment maintenance records
shall be maintained by the SM and kept in a file in his office.
All air sampling and medical information shall be managed in accordance with OSHA 1910.20, access to medical
records. All air sampling results shall be available from the HSO upon request by employees.
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14.0 ACCIDENT AND INJURY REPORTING
All injuries, accidents and first aid (including minor scratches) must be reported to the HSO. All incidents will be
logged on the "Health and Safety Log". The employee's supervisor or crew foreman is responsible for completing
an Incident Investigation Report Form and submitting this to the HSO. Project management personnel will receive
copies of all Incident Investigation Report Form's within 24 hours and may view the Health and Safety Log upon
request. All Incident Investigation Report's will be forwarded within 24 hours to the CHSO. For multiple employee
injuries and or death, verbal notification, of the Vice President of Operations, Project Manager and Corporate Health
and Safety Supervisor, is mandatory no more than four hours from the time the incident was reported. All reports
will be kept in a master file as well as a copy placed in the affected employee's on-site medical records file.
The cause of the incident will be reviewed, and if time permits, the appropriate corrective measures to reduce the
possibility of similar incidents in the future shall be discussed with the senior member of each contractor or agency
prior to implementation. Copies of all incident reports will be submitted to the SM for review. All accidents and
incidents shall be followed up with a discussion of the causes and corrective actions taken during the next safety
meeting.
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Health & Safety Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
15.0 HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
The OSHA Hazard Communication Rule, for construction, 29 CFR 1926.59, requires that the preparation of a
written hazard communication program and training on its contents for all exposed employees. Although other
training exercises shall address the nature of various hazardous materials, the standard requires review of the
following items and they shall be addressed in the 40-hour training program:
• Specific requirements of the law and regulations.
• Nature of all hazardous substances in the work place (i .e. compressed gases, fuels, etc.)
• Protection from hazards.
• Access to information through Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and labels.
• Employee rights under the rule.
A MSDS is required for all hazardous materials brought onto Site pursuant to 29 CFR 1926.59. Any material that
falls under an exemption to 29 CFR 1926.59 shall not require an MSDS on this project Site. However, health and
safety information shall be provided for materials for which an MSDS is not required. MSDS(s) shall be kept by the
HSO and shall be available to all employees working on the Site. Appendix XII shall contains a partial list of
chemical profiles and MSDS(s) pertinent to this project. The Contractor shall provide a comprehensive package
with their HASP.
If any material presents special hazards or hazards which the Site workers have not been trained, the MSDS(s) for
these materials shall be reviewed at a safety meeting. All contractors and subcontractors shall be informed of this
requirement at the time they are engaged to work on this project. All containers must be labeled in accordance with
OSHA. No employee is to remove or deface any label on any container. If labels are inadvertently removed an
appropriate hazard warning and the identity of the contents shall be affixed to the container.
All employees will be trained on hazard recognition and label interpretation as well as understanding the contents of
MSDS(s) during the initial training provided to all employees, including subcontractors, who will be entering the
Site.
All MSDS(s) shall be transmitted via written correspondence to all site contractors. All contractors shall submit to
prime contractor copies ofMSDS(s) for materials used on-site.
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APPENDIX I
PCB Waste Disposal Site, Warren County As Built Drawings
/' 1 -~ NORTH CAROLINA ,.. i;DEPARTMENTOF CRIME cor~TROL AND PUBLIC SAFETY / ,. . .. · P C B WASTE Dtf ii •OSAL SITE , . WARREN COUNTY INDEX OF DRAWINGS SHEET NO. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 TITLE COVER SHEET LOCATION ANO SITE MAP GENERAL PLAN ANO BORING LOCATIONS LOGS OF BORINGS SITE GRADING AND EROSION CONTROL PLAN FlNAL GRADING PLAN CARBON FILTER SYSTEM MISC. DETAILS CROSS SECTIONS Burley B. Mltchell,Jr: Sec:-t!lary ITEM=llll-1990 CODE=l4900 Sverdrup Sverdrup & Parcel AS BUil T PLANS ... ~~~ .,~.,. ,~"' !o .. 'l '°"' ~ ENGINEERS -.4RCHITECTS -CONS'rnUCTION MANAGERS .-·~ ,,u.4~) ... ., f~ 'SlAL i I "".. i \ 'toart\ , .. ~./ GREENSBORO, N.C. . . "'· ~., ' •-->·· .. .....__. ~ _____. ~ ,c:-::;'"' /' 9 1. ~-~
( -:-, • < ,;.. 1/i .~:/ I ~•q, .. I -•0 O \. ,. ., ., . ., 0 1/,h~ I , / ,..._ . ' I Im .-, 01 ~i~I ' ~· ' G N A I ......... r , ' ,., ~ ( ' ,,, ""\ X •-2.._. I "\ • ·-. I~ I . / ' ~ Ii C O • ,. 1 t .-:;::.. \ 1 ' . ' ' .. ,, _.,, -. \ .i' ~ [ i 'I ~ -// WARREN COUNTY Sc:AI..£: I • 2 WIL.ES.i: ORIGINAL DIRT ROAO~/ // ,/4, 13/1~ I • ,. . ~,~---L,d-~,..~ / zo'·o· PERMANENT' ROW·IO'·o· EACH SID£ OF ~RV.ET UNE ~ 1 N ! I I ■ I '··· ·. .--.. { -..., .. _,.---... ' ' "'°o J_, o_ -' ' . . ' ' ->o C . ' 't> ' '· ' ' ' ,' ' \ \ ' -' ' \ --.... I I I I I I \ I I I I I \ ' '., .. -•----, ,,; ., ---"' ,,,,.--~ ~ ' / _,,,,.--/' "'l"' . "' .., . 0 ., f'lf -/ / ~ , / ~ // I;/ /:"" ''.'.~ / I I w II ,, NOTES w -.. --.... . ' --..... . \ L PROPERTY ANO Rl;HT OF WAY SURVD' PREPARED BY R. LOWELL HARRIS, R.L..S. RED 0.AK , NORTH CAROLIN4. OCTOBER, 1976. 2. SITE SURVEY P!!E?AREO IIY ~ORUP 8 ~en.. OECEMBER, 1980, 3. AREA SHOWN IS ,ART OF 142.3 ACRE TRACT. 4. WOODED AREAS ARE APPROXIMATE IN SIZE. !!. COORDINATE SYSTEM IS A LOCAL GRID COORDINATE SYSTEM ,DR THIS PROJECT ONLY ANO IS NOT TIED TD AHY OTHER EXISTING CCORDINATE SYsnM. ,• ,. 0. W(L.L l SITE MAP --------------··-·-------------------' , : WELL "'2 [:] CONC. ~N 10667!9 \I( 9790.0,f. ELSZl.19 !( ( ll \ rt---. I:, / \\\ \\""-// \ \ \:, "( ·.\ )I I I\ I \. 11 \ \ LANOtL I\ I I I [ I \ ' I'. I I 11 I .... A J..-, ------' /", ✓.A/ I I . \ ;<_ / )'< I I I .· -1/,;,-:-;,, . / / (.. / STATE OWNED 19.317 ACRES I I \ / • TEWPORART USAGE 7.181 ACRES -... ' \ ... ' ... .. -, I ---_,, J.!_ . ' ... ;~ I I • J10 ,--Joo I . ---WOOOEO AREl (TTPJ . -. ---. ; .. C.X tS1' ING , l,IJILOI/\ .. ··1 I I 1· I ! ~ ""(LL01 r-"7 ·. L--1 \ C,.,,,i: U'AI ICOOO ioooo -_ .. -------;;..~\""I ... -Ji' -1l~·zr/::, ,' I [L.~3!.CJ ,, .• ,.• ' ... ... J .,-----···· 1 ,-----' . ······~ ~ =·~ \ :\g .. ~r. ,.-,, , .. ,, ____ , , / , .----290 _____ ,.. ___ _ ' , -::·--... ____ _ .. ....... ---·•. f -.... --SCALE: I•• 100' I.P ... 2 ----~o';-;,•,~ -'"r 1,•, e ) eJ-,. ,J .;--.....;.__ I h-3 AS BUI.._ T ORAWINCS IOHsl!'!!_,,, ..... I ••·• I L Ill• I '" I ·-•°""r, OEFAR7M.."1ff OF CRIME CON.ROL ANO PUBLIC SAFETY PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SIT£ 1.S.."?l!EN COUlfTT•NCRnt CAPOUNA LOCATION AND SITE MAP SVERDRUP & PARCEL ENGINEEIIS-AIICHITECTS-CONSTIIUCTlON MANAGEIIS GIIEENSll0"0. NC. ..,..-n,o 1-~ .... K&Lf SC£ PLl "I -· 01•o0•U R.,ti1~ f e-tcalO_ Jl 'W 1' c--CEi.. , ..... 8/7/81 I";~ I I , I .i " .-.;i ·1 L
PL'4-N t-1 ~ I I I ! -t, .. "' .. , "I \ I I I I I I I \ I I \ \ \ \ \ \ I I I I / / I ,' I ,' I , I ,' I ,' I : I I ' ' I ' I ' I I I I ,,,. I I I I I I I / I I I I 1,0 ' ' .. ' , 7 , ' I I I I I .. "" ":'I ' ' ' I I I I ' I ' ' I / '! , , ----_,t1,• ,' -----, "J't,11 ,,' // .:~-!' ,' ,ie -,' -' / ___ J / I I ' I / / ... ... ., I I I I I ' ' I I I I I ' ' I I I I I I I I I : I I I ... ___ , .. _ ... __ ,o&61.1!c'll . ttJNC-i,ott.~~·-.\ ______ --\ .............. / I ; / ; ,.-,. , .,,,.-----... --1 -... ,, .... _ ... _ .. .... ... .... ' .. .. --... __ .. __ ----' ' ... _ ... , ' .. .. ...... ,' ._ I ' ' ---,' , .. ~ ( I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I l • I I I I I .,' I I I I ,.o ;'• I I .,..., ,., ' ' I I I I I , I I ...... I I I I I I " ~ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I \ I I I I \ -'' I I \ ' \ I I I I I I I ' ' I .,01 I I I I I I. \ \ ' \ ' \ \ \ l I I I I I • I I I I I I I I ' I I I I I I ' , -, I ' I ... .. ..... .... ... , ... ... ' ' .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... ... ' .... ' ' ' \ ' ' ' . ' zr• ' ,,,. ,,,.. --\ .... "",, " ' ' \ ' ' ' \ \ ' •. ' ' \ / __ , ., , .. , --... ,_, I ) I I I I I I I I I. I I I I I , / , __ , , , .,• ~ ' I ' ' , --\ , .\. ";,IA ____ .. ----·---· \-}_:·,~ •. d ' ' ' ..,u ., , , ,---. ---,. .,"' ,., I ' ' ' I / / / / ,· -I ~0 ., I ___________ , .. : ..... -•·''' I , .. \;: ,-•• -1•"-I I I I I ' I I I I ' I I I I ' I I I I I ' I I ' I , , ,' ......... ___________ _ "'' , ... ' , ,, ,. 0 ., ... ,, .,. ,"'& ---,, ---,, \ ....... __ _ • ------------342 H --10 ooo E .._ ._ --..,, ,ooOO , --------3 .. --· ----·} ···--~--.. ---.... __ -·--. _· ____ " I 8 ____ ';.r. --. ----------------------33G,, _-y'-:,--:----------------------· .,~ ......... .,! ___ _ ------------------------__ .---------_ ----.33z -----__ ---------... _.,,.-............ ----------------...... ----............ .......... , ..... _ .... ___ ,,,,. ----------------...... .._ ,,,,,,,,.---- -- - - - --.,.,0 ----•' ---__ ----• "•lie -· --· -----,-·' " BORING u:><:ATIONS • .~.:C:,..11 ... --,-.. J~ I. 1011111; lCLlTI IJl5 AU Anllll lMTt '2. n<£ IM£1 W.S 11AD l $111$U11flC£ l~l"-TlDII mt f1f Tl< SIT£. lOCS r1F 11£ l<allCS .U( 110.~ la Tl!£ DMlll"'l n:,1 TlC( Clllff[lllDIC( OF 11£ lltlDnS. TlflS llf"""4Tl011 IS lllCl.UIICO ,01 111r-Tllll9'1.T. 11£lTIO Tl€ IMl£1I -Tlf( Ol:llUI .USIJIO UT IIU-lllllTT FOi TN( lCCUltlCT r1F THt DlTl ,WU[Jll'[D. IT IS --08l l:.ATIOI OF Tit( CllrTUCna TO IIIIUE N!S ~ D£mlo IIIMTlllll OI TIC ctlllDlTllllS TO I[ EJIClllrTD('I). ,..,, _, -, .. , ... , -1~ DEPARTMENT OF CRM: COHTROL AHO PUBL.IC SAFm PC 8 WASTE DISPOSAL SITE ~ CCUHT'T•Naffll c:.ua.lNA GENERAL PLAN a BORING LOCATIONS SVERDRUP I PARCEL INOINRIIS-~-CONSTIIUCTIOII IIANAGl!fl ' Gll--.ltC. -~ I " -. I I -~ , ... ~ l==========-1-==:;::====:;;;;::;J I J ~1 ( ::.:.:~~ /FBR := FBR : r;.. ·i -.0, I N!~ -Jl'..Wr/ ~~I-l•IZ•BI I ·· -, .. -----I. 11 11 : I j i I . ,
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~ OVERLAY AU. PERF0RATED OI/TI..£T l'IPfS WITH ------. -4 · C..U.IMIZED SCRt!N ~ Offl.ET PIPES • CAP ALL ENDS -----, '1IHE P£RRlRATEO AS NOTED ANO SHOWN IIEI.DW· ~FOR• ~TER:2 ROWS OF'I.DIA. HOLES ECUAW S~CED IN PIP£, 16 HOLES PER ROW, 32HOL.£S T0w.. a21DE!!: Z ROWS OF'I" DIA. HOLD EOUAU.l" SPIICED IN PIPE,14 HOLES PER ROW, ze HOLES ro,;u.a 1-l"DIA.HOU PEIi Pll"E SECTION FOR DRAINAGE. ~ UV'IUANU nc.1Ar\,,ln""'~"" ""'"'-" .. "'""£.I~ ~~.-, n; TANKS VOLUME INSIOE DIMENSIONS . . TlflCICNESS C.:.LLONS • SIDES II lltJTTOM TOP 750 7•-g•,3'-6°15'•3• r:1-· g• r:J-~------REMOVE ALL INSIDE BAF'F'LES. ETC. 11500 g•·s·~s··e·, s•-9• ct· e· ct· '!t / •·GI.oat VALVE 1 I (1"011 TIIIOTTUN61-3 MO'I). , -VERTICAL t. .__.r~ -;:( ~ ~ -'-I" Oil. HOL!S 4°0.C., eonow OF' PIPE • -=-7 PIPE ~-"'INLET PIPE I I I 3" SUPl'U LINE TO BE PVC SCHEIU.E 40 OR CS SCHEDULE 40. ROUTE ON TOP OF GIIOUHO PR0PEII SlffORT TO BE PROYIOED ?'-o" i.u.NHQU; TYP.,. WITH COVERS--------, L 4"0UTL£.T: PIPE SAHP rnm SANQSCAf!BQN fJlIERS PbM01E'fl' TANK TOPS NOT SHOWN FOR Q.ARITY SCALE ~ • 1'·0" 4"N..ET """ 4•ouTLET PIPE CARBON fllJEB .i.::;.;~"S; V>.L YE ~:..:w T: ~ =cw~ ~~ r AO.•JST VAL.VE TO MAINTAIN APP!lCX.7 L.EYa AT MAXIM\M Fl..!JW. ' -.;...--'--. ., -.. I o _,,...--PLACE GRAVEL TO ANCHOR / FlL.TER FABRIC l"ILTEII F'ABRIC :Ll c;:::::;:;;;:::::::::::::::; :: ::::::::::::::::::;:;::;::A::::: "c,, ~l L . \_4.0UTLIT PIPf: LGRAYEL. N.C. COT STANDARD SIZE""r8111 SAND·N.C. OOT STANDARD SIZE ":zs ' "' ·' .. "o ·,.. ... ' .., .. \_ 4. Ol.ln.IT PIPE GRAVEL N.C. DOT STANWlO S1!£,-78,. ,. SECTION li $CALL lz." (·o• ACTIVATm CARBON 1Za40 MESH SIZE GROUT OR CAIA.X TO SE.ILi WATERTIGHT (TTPJ ► AERTICALlt_ SCH 40PIPE 1• OIA.Kll.ES,SEE N:lTE R:I'! Sl'IICtNG ~ . J INLET PIPE SCAL.E•NONE ---►••4.LINE TO HOLDING PONO LENGTH TO SUIT ~------------------:-""------------·· NOTE• CARBON F'llTER 5TSTI:M LEFT 111 !"LACE AT CLOSE OUT l"OR STATE USE. ., ' . I ·t •. ·---------:-' --:: r:-: I I .· I ' I . . . ~,.; I I I . I -·. ·,.· . . ' l--+---1-----------+-+--,-----t .,, I Z'tl!Z AS 9JLT l)IUW.«::S •• -,.j OAT'I •~ .,..,,..,._, •• / !-0£f'ARTIIEMT rY' CRIME CO(TRCL AHO PUSU: SAFETY•. · . . PCB WASTE .0tSPOSAL sm ..• : ~;:·.;·: ·: i . -.ilRDI .mMTT"NCRnl CAltO\MA •· • ~ . ...; ' ' ._, ". < .•. • l .;.....-------'~: ·1 .. '\ .. :,_-. -·I-. __,_. ____ _ cARBCH 1F1LiER ·.srs:rEM -.~ ... -/ ·l • ! • • . • ~. f. -:.:·.,; .,; • : • ••• • •• ~ ;"" -~~ .. :. ~ !". i'" ' I ' I f :; . . ~ ... -1----f./lR~ · SVERDRUP & PARCEl. : ..• , ENGINl!l!M-AIICM=~ ~~:,:-;:. _,.,. ~;r-~~ .... -··.•· ......_.. NOTED .....cm. .. ; ... , -· .. , .. : ,.. . 1: . j '+'] -~ -· ca;Jl.lll'Jl'J...,. ~:•z~• ~-~ t · 1.. . . '. = , ,. t)flc.-fl> r:QS ~PBF·
I I l ,-----TOP o, CXC.lVATION ;z t TEMPORARY ANDiOR TRENCH DETAIL !USED DVl!ING CDNSTRUCTION) EACH DIRECTION SCHEDULE PVC PIPE -fl(~lf~ITE -J ,. El..£V. IIOTTOM ELE'tC \2 Z90 ' ZBI 281 ZIii .. , ... , L.INER ' STEEL CAP GROUT ,t LANOf'lL.L. • 1·-SEAM TOP LINER TO IOTTOM LIHl:ll ~ PCB CON1J.MINAT£D SOIL '--f ~ER L[ACM 2 Q'I. SLQP'f -BGRADE l,, -· COU£CT10N L.EACNATE CDW 7YPICAL SECTION THRU LANDFlLL EB HEIGHT or LINER 800T TO BE--------DET£RMNED BY MAN~TURER • Sc'.C.JRE WrTH STIUNLESS STEEi. c~ .. LINER \\~ (·-~~ CONC.SU.11 (Z~ PSI l,IINJ -1•s0-£DU.E -10 PVC PPE_ rl o>< ' • 1 . .~ in :::i: GAS VENT DETAIL ~ STEEL SCREEN g•coHC. SL.US t z,oo PSI) WITH •••t•t..W. Ollt eaea,l4W:WJ': NOTES J. P\.ACE IN HIGH POINT or LANOrlLI.. 2. PROV0E IZ· l' !:>IA. HOLES IN BOTTOM S 'EET. 12 PER ROW• 12' CENTERS r-o· lol\H. SEAi.. LINER" 30 MIL PVC BOTTOM LINER LOW[R LEACHATE COLl.ECTIDN SYSTE;M C, ~ LEACHATE REMOVAL PIP£S (L.OCAT[D IN N.E. CDRNERl-SEE DETAIL BELOW LEGEND ' ~ TOPSCJl. c:z::z:zz:zl Q.. AY c::::::::;s SAND FOR LEACHATE c:1.u:c~o"' STSTEMS I I ~ f"ll.l. F'tll! IIRl>GNG .INC UIIEI< Pl«JIECIICH AND PIT a.DSE·OU7 •• 1 j ~ GRAVEL 2·e SOIEDULE ◄O CS PIPE wno TO PLATE AHO CAST IN CONCRETE SL.All. f1LL WITH CONCRETE AND PAINT WHITL LOCATE lo T AU FOUII CCIINERS OF U":'°EII $LAS. I i I i FlNAI. GROlMl LEVEL.. -I .1 PVC CAP WITH RETAINER CKAIN HEIGHT OF LINER 800T ro• EE OETERMNEO BY MA"'U-RlCT~R-SECl.flE WITH STAlHL.ESS STEEL.~ l ., ·1 s\s\:Se•t. . I .• ... -__ .. ... ,,._ .--t 1-..... , ✓, I-, M■ r■ · I . L I ~ -~ -I --· MOOITORING WELL DETAIL .---~ . \ PVCPFE SANO . 0~ CF CRIIIE awTIICl. AH0 PU!UC SAf"E!Y: '. PCS -.sTE DISPOSAL SITE ,-; .-f_; :;;~•;. ....,..,. c::IJC HilClffll ~ : I.~ !. -:.: GRA STEEL SCREE!!~~ FILTER• STA~~7i~ftOJ:,iM :::,~\ 7 '\FABRIC . } "" ~ OVER EX ~• t ~ ~, .. ~" ... "" USE -PACT I O FOR LINER WITH CLAY I I b' _. I ii!f,e I.' )_________ _... .--___ J STAINLESS WITH••• &'E.W OR lte1•14 AC!: PIPE ON SIOE SLOPE ! ' ... ·--~ ' -. . ,:. . I; (::~.~~ •· -:-'--·., , MlSC: DETAILS~ ·::"f,_:;;·~ -~ ':.; .... _.. _: .'/ ~;1_,:_,::-.i. . r.,~" . . ··.,. ½. ll 1--. .::::..:..----,s.,..v""e""no""R~U:--::P=-a=-=PA:-:R=-:C:;;E~L_ I . ' ~ ,.. . INGINllfta-&IIOtJTICl"S-coNffllUC'TION ILULIOE1'UI • . .: atED!SBOIIO. KC. • , . · r. L::ACHATE COLLECTION SUMP AND PIPE DETAIL ;~ ■-n110-• :· -__ ' ••• -.,:: _ .-.:. ~~7~: I H£6uiR£61 · ---> ., ~OUll'IED ,oR UP!'!:Jt.L.LICKATE a:u.!:CTIOM STSTEII ONL.T ---. : . IKML NOi£.--..J...------rr-. ,·,c.·t -·-•·• , • 00--RSI -i--"-'tt't r~•: °"'. • -:--~ ~~. 1 -JUl't.CEt.. -8/Tfll ·-·,,. .• -'-.. -.. ·•-~ ... ·-·· .. ._. i I ·1 I ! ,I ,: !' :I ., I II I
°''"' -•O "''0 .... :.: ,., 360 350 340 3X) 320 310 CAVATION 300 300 ~ 200 150 100 !IO 0 !IO 100 1:50 200 z,o '!00 10163N 360 350 340 3~ ' 32C !>10 300 30:; 350 340 330 320 310 300 :!a) " = zoo l!IO 00 !IO 0 !10 100 l!IO 10035 N 200 ~ 300 .' 1 I J I J---" (-~-1-: t 7 __;i I -I I I I Z!,O zoo I~ ICC !IQ 0 9925N 50 100 l!,O 200 250 300 350 340 330 320 I I 'I . I ! ' I I I 1 -vf __ ! __ 1 : : _ 1 ,, /f / I -I i ! I -t--~SI -• • ' I I I I . ' I .. ~ PCB CONTAMINATED SOIL ------EXISTING c;IIOlffl LNE ·-i :: I~----'----'-----,-~--I I I I I ' I I I I I ! -I I I I I ! f 300 2~ 200 l!,O IOO !IO 0 !,O IOC ~ 200 250 300 10401 N 3!10 340 ... _. ___ •·"( 330 I :1 _... ~0 I ..,, """I --, .. , ... , ·--oEPARTh£NT OF CRNE COf{TROL ANO PUBLIC SAFIT'I' . . PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SITE '·' . . ~ CDJlfTT-,aml CMIOLINA '. • . ,.I---------------'.""'."-...---, :: .... 310 / I I \_BO~TO"' or lrxCAVATldN 300 I 300 z~c 200 150 100 !IO 0 50 100 150 10320 N zoo · . . CROSS SECTIONS i: '.: .. ' ,._, ~, 7, . . . -,,1 ~ /~ __ . ~\ '0\: • · SVERDRUP I PARCEL , • l!lfOIH&ll&-"'CH!TECT'&-c0NSTW\ICtJCll'I ILUUO£M t b '. -CUIHNS-'>. N.C. -. . • l .•, '. -. . 1-_., .. I •I
I ... · L l==:;;;:::::===::====-l==:;:::=====::;:;:;4 I •· ., ,= 1 .... , .,:7---<. rt.~ . I. OC&U· -:~ ~ 1-~. . -·G l -~ : --RSI j-,. ,BR I · 9: -0.K.a./ ,;.i-1/T/l!I l _:__· 11 j! ,, ii ,I q :j ;;
'" PUMP"Z (PORTABLE PUMP is..el tfT~f,D IN HOLDING PONO l!OTTOII ELEV. 32Z' s EXISTHG , rEXISTING ORAi~ ANO FILTER --+--~ _L_ " LINE M4N ·Q.t.T[ ~:•,; ,EMAL! P'tC. AOAP~-RAINBIRO OA-EQUAL FULL CIRCLE ~~tel-.f;,rH,1~1~i•To~i:r~KLER 98' e CIRa....E, 7.~SG.ew.. S 30P.S.L 1•x 31-4• REDUCER SCH. -40 CAl'll!ON STEEL PIP£ CONCRETE ... 0 (l'·o•x 1'-o"x &"l :i :I[ . 0 -· EXISTING GROIJND NOTE: Contractor ta ... E1tree111 C autl..., not to pu11ct11re ttle I01nll l'VC 1111« :SLOf'f fQR QR!INAGf: SCH. -40 P.V.C. PIPE-SOCKET JOINTS " ") S?RINKLER DETA!L (I =4 EXISTING C4RBON FIL.!ER •• • ,--------340--· J i -----------:_ ------~o-----' I I I I I ' I I I I I I 1· UPPER LL\CHATE COL.UCTION S'l'STEW ACCESS PIPE PUMP HOUSE•Sff SCl>o-til: Below ' ~-1) .--------------------350 ------------------------. j ~ EXISTING SPfllNKLER ~ 2' SCH. -40 PVC PIPE I I I t.,z·scH.•O PVC PIPE ""'" £"""' /""'. /'00'" ____ T, ____ T ___ Lf------~-----T/· ! ,-(.,,,. """ -z. """ PVC PIP[ PVC PIPE I' SCH.-40 PVC ,ipE 3!50 I I I I ----------------------J ~ .... ~ , I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I !. __ .,! _________ /CHAINLINKFENCE · I , , ,r------------------3'0-------------------------------------__: PLAN YIEW ( !"= 30'l _ ••••• / PUWPHOUSE DOUBLE SWING G.A.TE NOTI::,0111 DATA 011 l'\llln IIU ll'ECi,ICATIOIII IN CHAN;£ CMOER •9 ' ·r ---.,. ~PUMP•1 FL<;P."C.PRIME V4LVE Z c.ATE V4LVE AS-BUILT DRAWING OF C_HANGE ORDEEL_9 ~-------------, I • 1 EXISTING FILTER : s-rsnw 2" SOi .. 40 l'VC ' I ~ UPPER UACHATt: l'll'E OT \/Al.VE ll STAINE II '\ ~,----·.---·-··-. . : . ~---------------I .., I' .. " I . -I .. I °" I -· I· · . DEFMTMEHT OF CRIME CXlNTROL #HJ Pl,/IU: WEIT. CONNECTIONS SCH~MAT!C .PIAGRAHM (no scoJel PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SITE . . ... WAR!KII COUlrTT, NOlfTH CAltOUKA ' ~ · ·LEACHATE-PUMPING a SPRAY IRRIGATION SYSTEM-CHANGE ORDER NQ9 ~ _; ., . . ✓ . ..... SVERDRUP & PARCEL ENCINEE!la-AIICHIT£CTS-COtCSTIIUcnofC M,U&,l,QIEftS OIIEENSBOIIO. N.C. _m,c,, _ ... -~~-----NOTED _ ... .1 .. , •' i ' I I i ~I I I' I,
APPENDIX II
Historical Soil Data
\
• ~
. . fll · .: ~:ijl~ . tt
:{
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E
·At tac:hmen c 1
October 19, 1978
HEMO TO: Hr. Robert A. Carte..r
FROM: Ray E. Kelling, L~boratory Section .•
SUBJECT: PCB Results .;.' Warren CoWlty Test Cle.;1.:1up
Given below are the PCB results for the Warren County Test Cle;mup
taken on October 5, 1978. All results are qu211~itated on th2 PCS-
Aroclor 1260.
(1) (2) (3)
A 170 ~/kg 3.8 mg/kg 210 mg/kg
(4) -(5)
41 mg/kg 10 ~g/kR
B 0.13 r:.g/kg 33 cg/kg 3l10 r.1.3/kg 6 i:-.3/kg 0.25 mg/kg
C <100 lJg/kg 0.33 I!l£;/kg <190 µg/!c.g <J.00 113/kg ~100 µg/}q;
& D 41pg/l 150 µg/1 75 µg/1 127 µg/1
Wash down Stor?.ge Plla
<0.77 µz/1 (1) 290 m?,/!-:.g
(2) 270 mg/kg
(3) 380 og/kg
(l1) 210 Dl"/ka C :::,
(5) 270 mg/kg
Special 1 130 1Jg/kg
It 2 77 w.g/kg
II 3 330 mg/kg
Background 1 <100 J.!g/kg
It 2. <t~S pg/kg
FROl'1 9197153605 SOLIO WASTE DIU 08,12.1999 10:44 P. 10
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-~. ,j ! SOIL[&i~ATSRIAL ENG'INE-ERS INCl I ENGINEERING-T
I • •
STING-INSPECTION
JI
3109 Sprl~g Fora~t Road, Box 58069, Raleigh, N~
: :1 . ; . ;i I ·
7658-8069, Phone (e1g) 872-2680
:1 Nover.iber , 6'., 1982
I I . .
Sv rdr• lp and. Pa~cJ1L. end ~ssoclates, l n~,
221 W~t Meadowvle Roaa
Su I o i ~ 4 , ! J :
Gr :ensloro, Nortr i, aroll~a 27407
Att ntl9n: Mr. f?r~i:,k Ra (ney 1
{1..J.><..
renbe: MoistGr$ru:! Cont~. nt Proflles • l I PCS ~a dffll ~Ito I
Afton, orth pc:iro l Ina _· j
S & ME: J 9. No , 0 51 -8 2 - 2 51 -A
Ge tler.ien: : 1
: ' i I
bo I wlth~~11t~n~~' ci·1~~~·r\i1 !~t~· \Oh~•.1~~:1~:t~jj :~~str~ih~~11~~ r:
0~~n::~:
lthlri thEi d sposed soils, Four sells test pprings · were dr lied at the
coordln~te within the landflli site, : , '.: . : I
I
I I
8-1
8-2
B-3
8-Ll
N-10310 E-9770
N .. 10310 E-9830
N-10163 E~9800
N-10050 E-9800
: !
: I
; I
bel w L exist~~~ j~~~~a~.rln§~11;-~;oo~d~~~":11ngt; l~•~~hc~r~~n~: !~th25AJ~t
D-S86 ,I was lnlt!at~d at . b depth of 5 feet In eac boring and c ntlnued at
r-e ulaj Inter-val s I to:! the t1rmlnatlo~ de~th _o,f ea~.h -~ ring.
Vlsu~I lescrl~tlons of soils encountere In the sol! t st borings
p sented ~n IT the ~nclosed Test Boring ~ cords, I n .. stt moisture
tent arc presehted In tabular form and are p esented grap lcally as a
ctlo of dept~. !! l !
: ii I
' Beca\,Jsf of th:e random nature of the PPB ladden sol ls which have
be n paced In the; Jandfll,I, estimation of the degre11 of saturation s somewhat
dlf, !cul . Howev~r) with the exception of samples i btalned from 1 , 5 to 20 .o
foe an l3 to 2,.~i feet In boring B-2, 18.5 to 2q,o feet In borin B-3, and
9, to O. S 1eet Jn ;boring 8-Ll, tha soll samples ap;J~ear to be on t e order of
60 to 7 parcent; s~f uratad, Sol I samples obtnlnod : ~r.om the depth
1
. pravlously
In lcat d appear , to; be localized zonas which are n:e:ar saturation, These wet
ro likely ia r.csult _of r<1lnfall which occurred lat that particular level of
r the:--,in~l4~lon of truck loads of sol! th~ were obtalne~ from wet
RALEIGH,i~~~~:~.~~;~:..A:.~~~.'.~:7~ w~~-~~~~~~:.r-~:r.,e.:rJ:~~~:~:.;H~~LOTTE, Nf
FROM
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Soll and i M~tcrlal ; Engineers, Inc. apprec!q es the opport
assist cu rln this pro)~ct. :If there are questions Q ncernlng this
please ontrct us at ~OH r conyenlence. ! !
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N. C, Reglstratlcn No, 9520
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Borln9 ' i • 1 , Dcir.,th , Feet Moisture Content, perc~ nt
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• PENEiRATION IS T NUMBER OFi s'~s OF 140 LS, HAMME:R ~ FAl.LlNO ~O I . RE~. UIR£~ TO DtlV~; 1.4 IN, I. 0. SAMPLER I FT;
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BORINO N • ....B::..·..cl __
OATE ORI LED ll-J-B2
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SOILS MAttRJAL E:NGINl 11 F=:~S. INC
PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PCB CONTAMINATED SOILS IN WARREN! COUNTY Physical Properties of Landfill Contents -Standard Soil Test Soil Class HM% WN CEC 85% Ac pH P-1 K-1 Ca% Mg¾ Mn-I Zn-I Cu-I Min 0.1 0.96 1.2 69 0.4 5.4 011 18 38.2 24.4 90 ~~~ ' :...(:: ~• C 4 <k• jt • ~ ~~ ~Ll 146 60 It,
:BJ::MICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PCB CONTA.i'rflNATED SOILS lli WARREN COUNTY
C:Chemicii:UJdetitificatioh \ :~Concentration.:\}i&\I@:;:t:;.
PCB {all congeners) Average 350 ppm
(Range , s, to 880)
Chlorobenzene 60 ppb
1,3 o:•chlorobenzene 23.9 opb
1,4 Di-chlorobenzene 48 ppb
Arsenic 2 ppm◊
Barium 23 ppm<>
Chromium I 12 ppm <> I
Lead 35 ppm<>
<> TCLP results did not exceed standards.
I ~ d m ·O· iJ . /J~r1-11 /j _, -/.) -L-;.J+... //-J. A/"'•/ 2, I Y?? · Warren~ PCB Landfill Test RE ;ummary -. ASl1I" ASTu·· · -· D748r · · 02216"" · -ASTM O-t5!7'; 02937" · · · · .ASTM O 422" ASlM. · ASTht ASTM·· -~ · · ASTlit O 4318-D 85,f-··0-2974-"· ···-0~:-· · ' " C :! " ~ " --.. u C, a It CII -------·· . -~..:-.... ::,...,.....--:----·-~ ID ·-·---·--·~O( ...£1itss-._ --Maisbni -~•. ~---~-l>.as;mg_ ___ IJp'.(__ ____ e(astic _ ----~.1.---~-__ Qg_a_~--~------u w. ·o=r Sf-2 0-2 T"-ie -0 ~ ~ ST-3 2--4 Tube CII OI ficatioff--ea.:nt-% ·pcf pd · fl.% #200;% Linl.lL Uni.Pl. -IAdelt.PI ~ Qinlool.% OM1eC CH CH 30.2 31.3 121M 123.2 925 93.9 100 100 74 71 ns. 73.6 .26.6 ?iJ.T 45.B 42..9 269 2.74 3.6E..al Iii 0 r .... 0 E D 1/1 -4 l'I Sf-( 2--4 Tt.00 t l'OI.D --• ---··------·· ---·-________ .,._ ·------· ------. --·-.. ---·----------·-·· ---------···---. - .. ---. .. --.... ------··--------------------... ------....... ···-·--. ----·-······ --·-·-·-. --!:!' l:' 0--f ST-6 4-6 T\bc SM 10.1 1'1:1.7 111.4 98 22 20.6 17.7 3.0 260 3.76 c -lF ~ ST-7·· &3 T\be-SM· 7.02.--. 113.0 105.6 . 99. 13. tP Hr NP . . 264 261 3: ST-12 15-17 Tille SM 14.3 122...C 107.1 91 20 tF NP NP 2.61 ◄.32 • -• ST-15 20.5-22..5 Ttbe SM 13..6 114-7 101.0 83 20 W NP NP 2.61 209 2.9E--03 -OI •.ST-16 22.5-24.S Tti>e SW-SM < t5.0 116.3 101.1 65 11 t-P NP NP 2..56 2.54 52E:.-04 -0:, --~ ST-2 0-2 Tire at 29.9 121.0 93.1 99 71 65.2 28.2 37.0 2..71 --4.2E--06 f: Op 01 ST-3 2--4 T~ now m . ~ 0 . 't; ST-4 2--t 1iile CH "51...7 1£'0.1 90.5 100 75 62.9 30.1 328 27-4 -1..51::--08 ~ .ii. e.2 sr.s 4-6 Tooe sc 22..9_ 11s.J 94.6 96 42 40.9 19.9 .20..9 2.10 4.91 -ID . ~ ---f ·.lF .. ~sr-1'_ .. _ ... s~r ........ "Ii,.; _____ --,sr.( ____ _-: _w_ ---ns.r .. _ --= .: __ · "' .: .... n. · ___ ,.,, .. ·_ --· NP -_ · _ _-NP -· ---= · --.. ,,,. · __ .... ~ -.... · --; -ST-12 15-17 Tulle SM H.O 11a1 103.6 92 21 NP NP HP 2.64 1.9!J -.. ~ ~ g ST-15 20.5--22.5 Tooe ·" SM 128 110.2 97.7 92 22 HP NP NP 2.63 255 8.3E-O+-m -m w OI I 0 flJ G ST-16 22.-5-24.5 ·· t : 1~-i f◄.»:. .•--· ~ Tr.be SC 14.-4 11H - = le3t not requested :..;.,;( .. -,,~-,:. 992 Hl 32 32.3 17.I 14.6 2.64 J.71 ,tJ:E--04 i NP= 5atlJle defern:ined lo be non-pla:stic t ' ,, L4
f r 1' g·· ca 0-;J °' ~ S.ll11'M Typa~ -~•---D---·--.Ollpb.-~ W a:-t SS-3 8-9.5 bit 1? lF : SS-11 13.5-15 Jae 0, SS-14 1!J-2Q.5 .Jar • -.,,.. ....... SS:ff ·· 2◄.5-26 Jar 0 -D SS-18 ::, 26-7'1 Jai -;:: SS-19 21-28 .... I» . • ss-20 28-29tbp) .Jar -or 0 28-29(mi1) Jar m '.. -di 28-2l(bor> ,Jar-C.,-OI 8-2 SS3 8-9.5 .far O lF .... SS-11 13.5-15 .,.. ~ ~ SS-1-4 19-20.5 .Jar -. . . _ASJ)4 _ASIJ,f .• Warren Count-~B Landfill Test R~ _ -ummary-~-D~ __ . ·. _Q:2216:. .. ASllil:0-1-567~ 0-2937-·· IISfM042Z · ASllJ O -43 iii . ASIM· ... ~ ~--.. o.mc: . 0 854 D 2!17◄ D 5064 .... "' a 3 "' -U) ..... -tA l,t "' ID UI Qas5-Moi,tt,ra-~~----~-~-----~-~ (qli:f ... -S'fasliv---fflotdy ~-o.g:n:_ l"edj\eabtll; •. ~ lft:.:db1 UiiW&i( 'f,. . pd . pcf fl.% '200; % liril:ll. ~ PL hfe:c. Pl GraviY. Corteenr...%..... -~ . . r --------.L::O..._______ ------·----~-----===,,,,,.=-========,,,..,,,.,,.,,= .... 7.4 14.5 117 ···--·-·-•-···------·-·--·· 15..9 12.6 14.6 16.2 16.-4 33--4 11.9 162 11.2 a E: D 1/1 -t "1 0 -. ----··----C IS) ..... N U) <D U) <D -i SS-17 -·-24.5-~--.. ____ :':'.·:~.--_ --~ -··• ~-·:1.~~~---=----··-·-=---~----. __ · ·.-· -::.·. _. _ ~"::,.--··· -~ ~-----· _ ~ .. -·-------------------.-----------····· ; ... --.... ··ss:-nr ']JJ.!JI Jar -12.6 ----------UI --IS) OI C> 0, -a, w "' • 0 I\) a, m l ; . SS-19 V..!JJJ SS--20 28-29 SS-21 29-ao{lop) 29-30(bo() ··---Jar 16.1 Jar -16.6 Jar -13.8 Jar-161 ~ _ .. 1e51no1~ NP = ~ deCenni1ed lo be r>00-1)lasOc ,i . ....
Table 4-1
Physical Characteristics and Total PCB's of Raw Waste
Sample !D Percent Density Density Color PIO Total PCS's
Solids (Bulk) (Comcacted) Reaciinc
WC1-3 90.89% 110.9 140.13 lb./cu. ft. Light Brown wt 1.2 ppm lb./cu.ft. Red Clay
WC1-4 91.13% 109.3 142.3 Light Brown w/ ND Red Balls
WC2-3 90.36% 106.9 '142.9 Dark Brown ND
wc2-4•• 90.34% 98.7 142.5 Dark Brown ND
•• A Fixed Solids analysis was performed to determine moisture and potential volatile soiids
content of the soil.
The following data was collected:
Percent Solids:
Percent Moisture:
Percent Fixed Solids:
Percent Volatile Solids:
90.75%
9.25% (Wet Weight Basis)
87.55%
3.53%
(ppm)
262
443
267
465
TABLE 4-2
WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL TREATABILITY STUDY
PCB DATA SUMMARY -RAW SOIL
WC1-3 WC1-4 WC2-3 WC2-4 Soil Blank
Analytes ug/kg (ppb) ug/kg (ppb) ug/kg {ppb) ug/kg (ppb) ug/kg (ppb)
Total MonoCB 28 44 6 3 ND (0.09)
Total DiCB 2,900 3,1 00 205 118 ND (0.09)
Total TriCB 19,940 20,850 2,060 764 ND (0.1)
Total TetraCB 19,590 25 ,090 4,260 1,970 ND (0.1)
Total PentaCB 60,880 71 ,8 90 30,600 20 ,010 ND (0.2)
Total HexaCB 256,250 419 ,610 189,500 129,450 NO(0.1)
Total OctraCB 155,970 261 ,390 121,220 87,770 ND (0.1)
Total NonaCB 30,050 49,050 23,400 18,080 ND (0.1)
..-~a CB 1,400 2,260 1,030 768 ND(0.1)
19 32 26 21 ND(0.2)
Total PCB 547,027 853,316 372,307 258,954 ND
*Data ana lyzed by Triangle Laboratories, Inc.
TABLE 4-3
WARREN COUNTY PCS LANDFILL TREATABILITY STUDY
PCCCs/PCDFs DATA SUMMARY· RAW SOIL
WC1-3 WC1-4 WC2-3
Ana.lytes ng/Kg (ppt) ng/Kg (ppt) ng/Kg (ppt)
2378-TCDD ND ND ND
12378-PeCDD NO NO ND
1234 78-HxCDD ND ND ND
123678-HxCOD 2.2 2.3 .d..5
123789-HxCDD 1.8 1.6 2.1
1234678-HpCDD 14.8 18.1 145
OCDD 506 515 2,7 10
2378-TCDF 108 125 46.1
12378-PeCOF 29.7 33.8 12.7
'.3478-PeCDF 114 123 53.5
23478-HxCDF 11 20 1230 826
12367 8-HxCDF 126 136 11 1
234678-HxCDF 50.9 48.8 31.6
123789-HxCDF 6.3 5.9 3.6
1234678-HpCOF 621 664 648
1234789-HpCOF 547 584 354
OCDF 4050 5050 2930
2378-TEQ 218 238 147
Total TCDD 12.3 1.3 0.95
Total PeCDD 31.3 35.4 16.B
Total HxCOO 9.2 7.7 13.5
Total HpCDD 14.9 35 323
OCDD 506 515 2,710
Total TCDF 46S 4S9 171
Total PeCOF 763 844 470
Total HxCOF 1990 2180 1510
Total HpCDF 2350 2600 1680
JCDF 4050 5050 2930
Total PCCO/F 10,192 11,727 9,825
WC2-4 Soil
ng/Kg (ppt) Blank
ND ND (0.3)
NO ND (0.6)
ND ND (0.5)
ND ND (0.4)
ND NO (0.5)
32.8 N□-(0.8)
1,300 NO (1.5)
49.7 ND (0.3)
14.4 ND (0.5)
58 ND (0.5)
923 ND (0.5)
135 NO (0.4)
34 NO (0.6)
2.8 NO (0.6)
704 NO (0.6)
337 ND (0.9)
2910 ND (1.2)
159 o.
L4 ND (0.3)
H.5 ND (0.6)
4.9 ND (0.5)
78.3 ND (0.8)
1,300 NO (1.5)
189 NO (0.3)
504 ND (0.5)
1720 NO (0.5)
1680 ND (0.7)
2910 NO (1.2)
8,405 o·
\
'\;
TABLE 4-4
WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL TREATABILITY STUDY
voe DATA SUMMARY. RAW SOIL
WC1-3 WC1-4 WC2-3 WC2-4 UTS Non-W'N Analytes ug/Kg ug/Kg ug/Kg ug/Kg ug/Kg
Chiaro methane N0(0.3) ND(0.24) 6.04 ND(0.24) 30,000
Vinyl Chloride N0(0.28) ND(0.22) ND(0.21) N0(0.22)
Bro mo methane ND(0 .31 ) ND(0.25) ND(0.24) N0(0.25)
Chloroethane N0(0.33) ND(0.26) ND(0.25) ND(0.26)
Trichlorofluoromethane ND(0.1 1) ND(0.09) ND(0.08) N0(0.09)
1, 1-Dichloroethene ND(0.22) N0(0.18) N0(0.17) ND(0.1 8)
Carbon disulfide 0.37 N0(0.05) ND(0.05) N0(0.05) 4,800
,A.cetone i?.42 ND(0.1 8) 4.1 ND(0 .18) 160,000
Methylene chloride 3.53 2.6 2.55 2.45 30,000
trans-1 ,2-Dichloroethene ND(0.16) N0(0.13) ND(0.1 2) ND(0.13)
1, 1-0ichloroethane ND(0.1) ND(0.08) N0(0.07) N0(0.08)
cis-1 ,2-Dichloroethane ND(0.16) ND(0.13) ND(0.12) ND(0.13)
Chloroform 0.31 ND(0.06) ND(0.06) ND(0.06) 6,000 1, 2-Dichloroethane ND(0.12) ND(0.1) ND(0.09) ND(0.1)
Vinyl acetate ND(0.09) ND(0.06) ND(0.06) ND(0.06)
2-Butanone 64.43 ND(0.79) ND(0.75) N0(0.79)
1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane ND(0.12) ND(0.09) ND(0.08) ND(0.09)
Carbon tetrachloride 5.76 N0(0.13) 2.59 3.5 6,000
Benzene 1.47 1.47 1.6 1.18 10,000
Trichloroethene ND(0.37) ND(0.26) N0(0.25) N0(0.27)
1,2-Dichloropropane ND(0.22) ND(0.16) ND(0.15) ND(0.16)
Bromodichloromethane ND(0.12) ND(0.08) ND(0.08) N0(0.08)
cis-1 ,3-Dichloropropene N0(0.13) ND(0.09) ND(0.09) ND(0.09)
trans-1 ,3-0ichloropropene N0(0.15) ND(0.11) ND(0.1) N0(0.11)
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane ND(0.18) OND(.13) ND(0.12) ND(0.13)
Dibromochloromethane ND(0.27) ND(0.19) N0(0.18) ND(0.19)
Bromoform ND(0.35) ND(0.25) ND(0.24) ND(0.25)
4-Methyl-2-pentanone ND(0.12) ND(0.09) ND(0.09) ND(0.09)
Toluene 2.63 ND(0.06) 2.3 2.13 10,000
Tetrachloroethene 1.75 N0(0.25) 1.21 ND(0.26) 6,000
2-Hexanone N0(0.16) ND(0.11) ND(0.11) ND(0.12)
Chlorobenzene 27.64 28.29 2.02 2.55 61000
Ethylbenzene N0(0.17) N0(0.12) ND(0.12) ND(0.13)
m-/p-Xylene o.n NO(.09) 0.33 N0(0.09)
o-Xylene N0(0.14) ND(0.1) ND(0.1) ND(0.1) 30,000
Styrene N0(0.08) N0(0.05) N0(0.05) ND(0.06)
~, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane ND(0.09) ND(0.06) ND(0.06) ND(0.06)
APPENDIX III
Chemical Profiles
>!IO.SH Pockt.t Guide to Chemical Hazards b.ttp-J/www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0004.html
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
!Acetone IICAS 67-64-1 I
l(CH3)2CO IIRTECS AL3150000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT ID & Guide
Dimethyl ketone, Ketone propane, 2-Propanone 1090 127
[Exposure j\NIOSHREL: TWA 250 ppm (590 mg/m3) I
i JO SHA PEL t : TWA 1000 ppm (2400 mg!m3) I Limits
lmLH 2500 ppm (10%LEL] See: 67641 II conversion 1 ppm= 2.38 mg!m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor.
jMW: 58 .1 IIBP: 133 °F IIFRZ: -140°F II Sol: :Miscible I I VP: 180 mrnHg IIIP : 9.69 eV II j Sp.Gr: 0.7 9 I IFLP: 0°F IIUEL: 12.8% IILEL: 2.5% I
I Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73 °F and BP at or above 100°F. I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Oxidizers, acids
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube; CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; IV [#1300, Ketones I] See:
NMAMINDEX
1 of2 8/26/99 1:53 PM
:--r!CJSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards http:/ /www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0004.html
Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: frrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash immediately
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet (flammable) Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R.
Respirator Recommendations NIOSH
Up to 2500 ppm: (APF = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor
cartridge(s)*/(APF = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor
cartridge(s)*/(APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style,
front-or back-mounted organic vapor canister/(APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator*/(APF = 50)
Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece
Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any
self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or
other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and
is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary
self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Exposure Routes inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact I
Symptoms irritation eyes, nose, throat; headache, dizziness, central nervous system
depressant/ depression; dermatitis
jTarget Organs Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system I
! See also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD : 0087 See MEDICAL TESTS: 0002 I
2 of2 8/26/99 1 :53 PM
'.'ITOGH Pockt:t Guide to Chemical Hazards http://www.cdc.govlniosh/npg/npgd0049 .html
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
!Benzene IICAS 71-43-2 I
IC6H6 II RTECS CYl 400000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT ID & Guide
Benzel, Phenyl hydride 1114 130
Exposure l~OSHREL: Ca TWA 0.1 ppm ST I ppm See Aggendix I
Limits OSHA PEL: [1910.1028] TWA 1 ppm ST 5 ppm See
A1mendix F
lmLH Ca [500 ppm] See: 71432 II Conversion 1 ppm = 3 .19 mg/m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless to light-yellow liquid with an aromatic odor. [Note: A solid below 42°F.]
jMW: 78.1 jjBP: l 76°F jj FRZ: 42°F II Sol: 0.07% I IVP: 75 rnmHg IIIP: 9.24 eV II I Sp .Gr: 0.88 I
IFLP: 12°F IIUEL: 7.8% jjLEL: 1.2% I
jclass IB Flammable Liquid: Fl .P . below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F. I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong oxidizers, many fluorides & perchlorates, nitric acid
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube; CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; N [#1500, Hydrocarbons]
[Also #3700, #1501] See: NNIAM INDEX
1 of2
NIOSH Pcck..:t Guide to Chemical Hazards http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0049.htmJ
Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate iITh-nediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash immediately
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet (flammable) Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R.
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
Respirator Recommendations NIOSH
At concentrations above the NIOSH REL. or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a
pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has
a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination
with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
Symptoms irritation eyes, skin, nose, respiratory system; giddiness; headache, nausea, staggered gait;
fatigue, anorexia, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion); dermatitis; bone marrow depressant/depression;
[Potential occupational carcinogen]
Target Organs Eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood, central nervous system, bone marrow
Cancer Site [leukemia]
I See also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD: 0015 See NIEDICAL TESTS: 002 2 I
2 of2 8/26/99 1:50 PM
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NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
12-Butanone IICAS 78-93-3 I
I CH3COCH2CH3 IIRTECS EL6475000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT ID & Guide
Ethyl methyl ketone, :MEK, Methyl acetone, Methyl ethyl ketone 1193 127
1232 127
Exposure NIOSH REL: TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) ST 300 ppm
(885 mg/m3)
Limits losHA PELt: TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) I
lmLH 3000 ppm See: 78933 llconversion 1 ppm= 2.95 mg/m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless liquid with a moderately sharp, fragrant, mint-or acetone-like odor.
jMW: 72.1 IIBP: l 75°F IIFRZ: -123°F jj sol: 28% I
IVP: 78mmHg JIIP: 9.54 eV II li sp.Gr : 0.81 I
jFI.P : 16°F l!UEL(200°F): 11 .4% IILEL(200°F): 1.4% II
jclass IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P . below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F. I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong oxidizers, amines, anunonia, inorgaric acids, caustics, isocyanates, pyridines
Measurement Method
Carbon beads; CS 2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; IV [#2500] See: NMA.M
INDEX
1 of2 8/26/99 2:47 PM
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-
Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Water wash immediately
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Fresh air
Remove: When wet (:flammable) Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R.
Provide: Eyewash
...... .... . ,---·· ----4'-~t" .. a~u• _ , ... J.,.1.Vu.l.lJVo,.JJ..U,,,
Up to 3000 ppm: (APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode£/(APF
= 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator Vvith organic vapor cartridge(s)£/(APF = 50) Any
chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)/(APF = 50) Any
air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) Vvith a chin-style, front-or back-mounted organic
vapor canister/(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece/(APF = 50)
Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece
Emergency or planned entry into unknov•m concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = l 0,000) Any
self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or
other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and
is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary
self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
!Exposure Routes inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact I
Symptoms irritation eyes, skin, nose; headache; dizziness; vomiting; dermatitis
Target Organs Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system
jjsee also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD : 0179 See .tvIBDICAL TESTS: 0133 II
2 of2 8126/99 2:47 PM
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NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
I Carbon disulfide IICAS 75-15-0 I jcs 2 IIRTECS FF6650000 I
[Synonyms & Trade Names
Carbon bisu1£de
I DOT ID & Guide
1131131
Exposure
NIOSH REL : TWA 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) ST 10 ppm (30
mg/m3) [skin]
Limits OSHAPELt: TWA20 ppm C 30 ppm 100 ppm
(30-minute ma.ximum peak)
lmLH 500 ppm See: 75150 II Conversion 1 ppm = 3 .11 mg/m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless to faint-yellow liquid with a sweet ether-like odor. [Note: Reagent grades are foul smelling.]
JMW: 76.1 IIBP: l 16°F II FRZ: -i69°F II Sol: 0.3 % I
JVP : 297 mmHg IJIP : 10 .08 eV Ii I Sp.Gr : 1.26 I
IFI.P: -22°F IJUEL: 50.0% IILEL: 1.3% I
Jciass IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F. I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong oxidizers; chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium & zinc; azides; rust; halogens;
amines [Note: Vapors may be ignited by contact with ordinary light bulb .]
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube/Dry tube; Toluene; Gas chromatography/Flame photometric detection for sulfur,
nitrogen, or phosphorus; IV [#1600] See: NMAM INDEX
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2 of2
Personal Protection & Sanitation
Skin: Prevent skin contact
Eyes: Prevent eye contact
Wash skin: When contaminated
Remove: When wet (flammable)
Change: N.R.
Respirator Recommendations NIOSH
First Aid (See procedures)
Eye: Irrigate immediately
Skin: Soap wash immediately
Breathing: Respiratory support
Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Up to 10 ppm: (APF = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)/(APF =
10) Any supplied-air respirator
Up to 25 ppm: (APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode/(APF =
25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)
Up to 50 ppm: (APF = 50) Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor
cartridge(s)/(APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-
or back-mounted organic vapor canister/(APF = 50) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a
tight-fitting facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)/(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing
apparatus with a full facepiece/(APF = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece
Up to 500 ppm: (APF = 1000) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other
positive-pressure mode
Emergency or planned entry into unkno wn concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any
self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or
other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and
is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary
self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
Symptoms dizziness, headache, poor sleep, fatigue, nervousness, anorexia, weight loss; psychosis;
polyneuropathy; Parkinson-like syndrome; ocular changes; coronary heart disease; gastritis; kidney,
liver injury; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; reproductive effects
Target Organs central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes,
kidneys, liver, skin, reproductive system
!see also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD: 0022 See :MEDICAL TESTS: 0039
8/26199 3:13 PM
:'ITOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgdO 107 .html
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
!carbon tetrachloride IICAS 56-23-5 I
!cc14 IIRTECS FG4900000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT ID & Guide
Carbon chlonde, Carbon tet, Freon® 10, Halon® 104, Tetrachloromethane . 1846 151
Exposure NIOSHREL: Ca ST 2 ppm (12.6 mg/m3) [60-minute]
See Ai;rnendix A
Limits 0 SHA PEL t : TWA 10 ppm C 25 ppm 200 ppm
(5-minute maximum peak in any 4 hours)
!mLH Ca [200 ppm] See: 56235 llconversion 1 ppm= 6.29 mg!m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless liquid with a characteristic ether-like odor.
IMW: 153.8 !IBP: 170°F IJFRZ: _9of II Sol: 0.05% I
!VP: 91 mmHg IIIP: 11.47 eV II lisp.Gr : 1.59 I
IFl.P: NA i!UEL: NA !ILEL : NA 11
!Noncombustible Liquid I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium & magnesium; fluorine; aluminum [Note: Forms
highly toxic phosgene gas when exposed to flames or welding arcs.]
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube; CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; N [#1003, Halogenated
Hydrocarbons] See: NMAM INDEX
1 of2
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Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash immediately
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet or contaminated Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
Tl -• T'I J ~· .,..-.-,-.TT __ _...t'&& ""•-• .-,--u .•• VU.3 .L ~.I.V..J.1..1.
At concentrations above the NIOSH REL, or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a
pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) .Any supplied-air respirator that has
a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination
with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
Symptoms irritation eyes, skin; central nervous system depressant/depression; nausea, vomiting; liver,
kidney injury; drowsiness, dizziness, incoordination; [Potential occupational carcinogen]
Target Organs central nervous system, eyes, lungs, liver, kidneys, skin
Cancer Site (ip. animals : liver cancer]
!see also :.[NTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD : 1234 See .MEDICAL TESTS : 0041 I
2 of2 ~!26199 4:28 PM
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NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
I Chlorobenzene II CAS 108-90-7 I jc6H5Cl IIRTECS CZ0I 75000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT m & ~nili"
Benzene chloride, Chlorobenzol, MCB, Monochlorobenzene, Phenyl 1134 130
chloride
I Exposure 11NIOSH REL: See Aggendix D I
:10SHAPEL: TWA 75 ppm (350 mgim3) I Limits
lmLH 1000 ppm See: 108907 II Conversion 1 ppm= 4.61 mg/m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless liquid with an almond-like odor.
IMW: 112.6 !IBP: 270°F IIFRZ: -50°F llsol: o.os¾ I
jVP: 9 mmHg IIIP: 9.07 eV II jsp.Gr: 1.11 I
jFI.P: 82°F IIUEL: 9.6% IILEL: 1.3% I
!class IC Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 73°F and below 100°F. I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong oxidizers
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube; CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; IV [#l003, Halogenated
Hydrocarbons] See: NMAM INDEX
1 of2
>!IOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards http:/ /www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgdO 121.html
Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash promptly
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet (flammable) Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R
-n .... . ,-,.---
---pua1.u1 " " Vi.JJ.~
Up to 1000 ppm: (APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode£/(APF
= 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(si/(APF = 50) Any
chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)/(APF = 50) Any
air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or back-mounted organic
vapor canister/(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece/(APF = 50)
Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece
Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions : (APF = 10,000) Any
self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or
other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and
is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary
self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
I Exposure Routes inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact I
Symptoms irritation eyes, skin, nose; drowsiness , incoordination; central nervous system
depressant/depression; in animals: liver, lung, kidney injury
Target Organs Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver
I see also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD : 0642 I
2 of2 8/'26/99 2:51 PM
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I Chlorodiphenyl ( 42 % chlorine) IICAS 53469-21-9 I I C6H4CIC6H3CI2 (approx) IIRTECS TQ1356000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT m & ~nirlP
Aroclor® 1242, PCB, Polychlorinated biphenyl 2315 171
Exposure NIOSHREL*: Ca TWA 0.001 mg/m3 See Appendix A
[*Note: The REL also applies to other PCBs.]
Limits losHAPEL: TWA 1 mg/m3 [skin] I lmrn Ca [5 mg/m3] See: 53469219 II Conversion I
' Physical Description
Colorless to light-colored, viscous liquid with a mild, hydrocarbon odor.
jMW: 258 (approx) IIBP: 617-691°F IIFRZ: -2°F II Sol: Insoluble I
IVP: 0.001 mm.Hg IIIP:? II ilsp.Gr(77°F): 1.39 I
JFLP: NA l[UEL: NA IILEL : NA II
Nonflammable Liquid, but exposure in a fire results in the formation of a black soot containing PCBs,
polychlorinated dibenzofurans & chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins.
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong oxidizers
Measurement Method
Filter/Florisil tube; Hexane; Gas chromatography/Electrochemical detection; IV [#5503, PCBs] See:
NMAMINDEX
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Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash immediately
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet or contaminated Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: Daily
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
TI ,_ .... I ,.,,.........._._TT
----·r--•v• -, .. -~u .l.'-1."U"vJ.J.
At concentrations above the inOSH REL, or vvhere there is no REL, at any detectable concentration:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a
pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has
a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination
with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister having a high-efficiency particulate filter/ Any appropriate
escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
I Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact I
Symptoms irritation eyes; chloracne; liver damage; reproductive effects; [Potential occupational
carcinogen]
Target Organs Skin, eyes, liver, reproductive system
Cancer Site [in animals: tumors of the pituitary gland & liver, leukemia]
!see also: INTRODUCTION See :MEDICAL TESTS: 0175 I
2of2 8/26/99 2:31 PM
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!Chloroform IICAS 67-66-3 I
ICHCI3 IIRTECS FS9100000 I
Svnonvms & Trade Names IDOT m & Guirf,.
Methane trichloride, Trichloromethane 1888151
Exposure NIOSH REL: Ca ST 2 ppm (9 .78 mg/m3) [60-minute]
See A1rnendix A
Limits losHAPELt : C 50 ppm (240 mg/m3) I lmLH Ca (500 ppm] See: 67663 !I conversion 1 ppm= 4.88 mg!m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
!MW: 119.4 IIBP : 143°F IIFRZ: -82°F II Sol(77°F): 0.5% I
JVP: 160 mmHg IIIP: 11.42 eV II II Sp .Gr: 1.48 I
!FI.P: NA l!UEL: NA IILEL: NA II
!Noncombustible Liquid I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong caustics; chemically-active metals such as aluminum or magnesium powder, sodium &
potassium; strong oxidizers (Note: When heated to decomposition, forms phosgene gas.]
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube; CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; N [#1003. Halogenated
Hydrocarbons] See: NMAM: INDEX
1 nf''l
NIOSH Pocket Juide to Chemical Hazards http://www.cdc.gov/niosb/npglnpgdO 127 .html
Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: frrigate irnmediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash promptly
Wash skin: When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet or contaminated Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R.
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
..... ' -. . .... --------w1pu 4•v• .L'-41;'-U IU4LIUU.:, ~~.LV..,J.L.L
At concentrations above the 1'.10SH REL, or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a
pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has
a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination
with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, fu.11-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
Symptoms irritation eyes, skin; dizziness, mental dullness, nausea, confusion; headache, fatigue;
anesthesia; enlarged liver; [Potential occupational carcinogen]
Target Organs Liver, kidneys, heart, eyes, skin, central nervous system
Cancer Site [in animals: liver & kidney cancer]
!see also: rNTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD: 0027 See MEDICAL TESTS : 0047 I
2of2 8/26199 4:25 PM
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NIOSH Pocket Guideio Chemical Hazards
IFiuorotrichloromethane IICAS 75-69-4 I
ICCl3F IIRTECS PB6125000 I
Synonyms & Trade Nam,.\: nnTrn .e. r,.,.•,,.iA -----
Freon® 11, Monofluorotrichloromethane, Refrigerant 11,
Trichlorofl.uoromethane, Trichloromonofluoromethane
[Exposure 11NJOSHREL: C 1000 ppm (5600 mg/ml) I :losHAPELt: TWA 1000 ppm (5600 mg/ml) I Limits
JmLH 2000 ppm See: 75694 II conversion 1 ppm= 5.62 mg/m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless to water-white, nearly odorless liquid or gas (above 75°F).
jMW: 137.4 IIBP: 75°F !IFRZ: -168°F II Sol(75°F): 0.1 % I
IVP: 690 mmHg IIIP: 11.77 eV IIRGasD: 4.74 I Sp.Gr: 1.47 (Liquid at
75°F)
jFI.P: NA i!UEL: NA IILEL: NA I
jNoncombustible Liquid Nonflammable Gas I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, powdered aluminum, zinc, magnesium
& lithium shavings; granular barium
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube; CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; IV [#1006.
Trichlorofluoromethane] See: NMAM INDEX
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NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards http:/ /www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0290 .html
Personal Protection & Sanitation First Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Water flush immediately
Wash skin: N.R. Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet or contaminated Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R.
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench ---·--.n.c.,pu a.LUI ~ , .. -, ..... , .. 1J. 1~1u~.t11u;::,.t1A
Up to 2000 ppm: (APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator/(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing
apparatus with a full facepiece
Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any
self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or
other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and
is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary
self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
!Exposure Routes inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact I
Symptoms incoordination, tremor; dennatitis; cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest ; asphyxia; liquid:
frostbite
!Target Organs Skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system I
I See also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD : 004 7 I
2 of2 8/26/99 4:35 PM
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NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
!Methylene chloride IICAS 75-09-2 I
IC1½02 IIRTECS PA8050000 I
Synonyms & Trade Names DOT ID & Guide
Dichloromethane, Methylene dichloride 1593 160
!Exposure 11NIOSH REL: Ca See AoQendix A I
:10SHAPEL: [1910.1052] TWA25 ppm ST 125 ppm I Limits
lmLH Ca [2300 ppm] See: 75092 II Conversion 1 ppm = 3 .4 7 mg/m3 I
Physical Description
Colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. [Note: A gas above 104°F.]
IMW: 84.9 !IBP: 104°F IIFRZ: .139op jjsol: 2% I
!VP: 350 mmHg IIIP: 11.32 eV Ii I Sp.Gr: 1.33 I
jFl.P: ? IIUEL: 23% IILEL: 13% I I Combustible Liquid I
Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Strong oxidizers; caustics; chemically-active metals such as aluminum, magnesium powders,
potassium & sodium; concentrated nitric acid
Measurement Method
Charcoal tube(2); CS2; Gas chromatography/Flame ionization detection; IV [#1005] See: NMAM
INDEX
1 of2 8/26199 2:58 PM
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Penonal Protection & Sanitation Fint Aid (See procedures)
Skin: Prevent skin contact Eye: Irrigate immediately
Eyes: Prevent eye contact Skin: Soap wash promptly
Wash skin: "When contaminated Breathing: Respiratory support
Remove: When wet or contaminated Swallow: Medical attention immediately
Change: N.R
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
n-~-'-_ ... _ n----...I •----..TTr'\C'TT -~----• ·----.&.
At concentrations above the NIOSH REL , or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a
pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has
a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination
with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-or
back-mounted organic vapor canister/ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
Symptoms irritation eyes, skin; fatigue, weakness, somnolence (sleepiness, unnatural drowsiness),
lightheadedness ; numbness, tingle limbs ; nausea; [Potential occupational carcinogen]
Target Organs Eyes, skin, cardiovascular system, central nervous system
Cancer Site [in animals: lung, liver, salivary & mammary gland tumors]
lsee also: INTRODUCTION See ICSC CARD: 0058 See :MEDICAL TESTS : 0148 I
2 of2 8/26199 2:58 PM
APPENDIX IV
List of Acronyms
LIST OF ACRONYMS
APR .................... Air-Purifying Respirator
BBCD ................. Batch Vacuum Solid Phase BCD/fhennal Desorption System
BCD .................... Base Catalyzed Decomposition
CAB .................... Citizens Advisory Board
CBCD ................. Continuous Solid Phase BCD/fhennal Desorption System
CFR .................... Code of Federal Regulations
CIH ..................... Certified Industrial Hygienist
CRZ .................... Contamination Reduction Zone
CHSO ................. Corporate Health and Safety Officer
EKG .................... Electrocardiogram
EMS .................... Emergency Management Services
EZ ....................... Exclusion Zone
GFCI.. ................. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
H2S ...................... Hydrogen Sulfide
HASP .................. Site Health and Safety Plan
HAZWOPER ..... Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
HEPA .................. High Efficiency Particulate Air
HPD .................... Hearing Protection Devices
HSO .................... Health and Safety Officer
IDLH .................. Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
KOH ................... Potassium Hydroxide
LO/fO ................ Lockout/Tagout
MG/M3 ..•.•••••••..... Milligrams Per Cubic Meter
MSDS ................. Material Safety Data Sheet
MSHA ................. Mine Safety and Health Administration
NaOH .................. Sodium Hydroxide
NC ...................... North Carolina
NCAC ................. North Carolina Administrative Code
NCDENR ............ North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
NEC .................... National Electric Code
NESC .................. National Electric Safety Code
NFPA .................. National Fire Protection Association
NIOSH ................ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NRMRL .............. National Risk Management Research Laboratory
NRR .................... Noise Reduction Ratings
OSHA ................. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PCBs ................... Polychlorinated Biphenyl's
PD ....................... Performance Demonstration
PDR .................... Personal Dust Respirable Monitor
PEL ..................... Permissible Exposure Limit
PID ...................... Photoionization Detector
PCSAPT ............. Process Condensate Separation and Aqueous Phase Treatment System
PM ...................... Project Manager
PPB ..................... Parts Per Billion
PPE ..................... Personal Protective Equipment
PPM .................... Parts Per Million
PPT ..................... Parts Per Trillion
PSI ...................... Pounds Per Square Inch
RAM ................... Respirable Aerosol Monitor
RPM .................... Revolutions Per Minute
SAR .................... Supplied-Air Respirator
SCBA .................. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
Site ...................... Warren County PCB Landfill
SM ...................... Site Manager
SOP ..................... Site Operations Plan
SZ ....................... Support Zones
TAHA ................. Task Assessment/Hazard Analysis
TEQ .................... Toxicity Equivalent Concentrations
TSCA .................. Toxic Substance Control Act
TWA ................... Time Weighted Average
USCG ................. United States Coast Guard
US EPA ............... United States Environmental Protection Agency
VRS .................... Vapor Recovery System
WBGT ................ Wet Bulb Glade Temperature
List of Acronyms
(Continued)
APPENDIX V
Incident Investigation Report
--.-. r=fu Providing creative environmental solutions
Environmental. Inc.
FOR OFF1CE CSE 0!'-1. Y 00 Nor FIU. IN
INCIDENT REPORT
Page 1 of 3 : tigr:t:t\~t~~1ffiID(
YdY~\:\:\Hd Ng/y
-----◄·•::tost:Worlc·Da:vs·:t>· i---,,,;:::;;:,.......-.;..;....a ··· ··:·::::::::::::::.-·.'.:::··
'ype Of Incident (Check 1)
~ Accident D Near Miss D Injury/lllness D Unusual Occurence
Employee Information D Contractor □Em pl oyee
) r(ployee's Full Name: -------------------------------
ubcontractor, Give Company Name, Address, & Phone Number: _____________ _
~) Employee Address:--------------------------------
(Street)
(City . State , Zip Code)
(Phone ~umber)
3) Date of Birth: ___________ _ 4) Social Security#: _________ _
(Month/ Day / Year)
5) Job Title: _______________ 6) Assigned Division:
7) Project Name/ Number. -------------Project Phone Number:
Project Location:
8) Date and Time of Occurence: _Date~~:=-----------!T~im=e:=------------
s ·te and Time Reported to Company: .... Date~===~----------T:..:i~m~e.:...: ________ _
10) Date Employee Began to Lose Work
11) Estimated / Actual Date Return to Work:
l lA) Medical Center Taken to:
D No Lost Time
0 Actual D Estimated
□ First Aid Only
'
INCIDENT REPORT (Continued)
Page 2 of 3
Incident Information
12) Describe the Apparent Extent of Injury or Illness and Parts of the Body Affected (Laceration, Bum
Fracrure--Rt. Lmver Leg, Lt. Index Finger) :
13) Describe Fully How the Incident Happened. Gi\'e Cause :ind Results.
( .~tt.1ch Another Sheet if :-iecessary):
14) Exact Location Where Incident Occured ·
-
15) :-i:imes & .~ddresses of 'Witnesses to the Ini.:ident:
16) Describe Treatment Given (X-Ray, Stiches. Etc.) If Hospital or Doctor Required; Give Name.
Address, Phone Number, and Attach Return-To-Work Slip:
17) Did Chemic:il Exposure Occur': (Check 1) □ Yes □ ~o
If Yes, What Known Contaminants Were Present? What Type of Exposure Occured? (lnh:J.latic.m
Ingestion. Skin Contact. Ect.
I
INCIDENT REPORT (Continued)
Page 3 of 3
Health And Safety Information
18) Were Emergency Procedures Adequate? (Check One) □ Yes
If No, Explain.
19) Who Was Directly Supervising the Work?
□ No
20) Work Schedule at Time of Incident: Hou~ per Day Days per Week :
21) Level of Personal Protecti\'e Equipment Utilized at T ime of Incident: (Circle 1) A 8 C D
What Direction or Training Had Been Given on the Task?
23) How Can You or the Company Prevent Similar Incidents from Happening Again:
24) Did Pe~onal Protective Equipment Fail ? (Tyvek Tom, Respirator Failed, Etc.) : O Yes □ No
If Yes, Describe.
25) What Action Has or Will be Taken to Prevent Similar Occurences?
26) Additional Comments. (Attach Another Sheet if Necessary).
Signatures
Signature: Date:
(Employee)
Signature: Date:
(Immediate Supervisor)
Signature: Date:
(Site Supervisor)
Saved Under: MacDraft / Thomas 1-4 FoI!ll #201
INCIDENT REPORT INSTRUCTIONS
Instructions For Supervisor
This Form Must Be Filled Out Completely and Accurately By the Employee's
Supervisor. Do Not Leave Blanks. Use N/A where Not Applicable is Warranted.
Within 24 Hours. Send a Copy of the Completed Form to the Project Manager,
Human Resources Department, and Corporate Health & Safety Officer. Retain
a Copy at the Job Site for the Duration of the Project.
Att:-:ic.b. to Report Any Relevant or Related Information (Photographs, Doctors
Slips, YVitness Statements, Etc.)
.ror a Death or Multiple Employee Injuries, Verbal Notification Is Mandatory
in No More Than 4 Hours From the Time the Incident Occured.
Ell in the Site OSHA 200 Form If the Incident Is OSHA Reportable.
CONSENT FOR THE RELEASE OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
I, authorize -------------to disclose
to all information.. including any test results, related to my injury.
This information is being requested for the purpose of evaluating light-duty.
I understand that my records are protected under the Federal Confidentiality Regulation
and cannot be disclosed without my written consent unless otherwise provided for in the
regulation. I understand that I may cancel this authorization at any time except when the above
information has already been released in accordance with the authorization.
Signature of Patient: Date:
Signature of Witness: Date:
Th.is authorization is not valid unless ALL pertinent sections are completed.
APPENDIX VI
HAZOP BCD Process System and Control
Evaluation and Plan
(Contractor To Provide)
APPENDIX VII
Task Assessment Hazard Analysis
(Contractor To Provide)
TASK ASSESSMENT/HAZARD ANALYSIS
TASK/OPERATION:
DEFINE TASK: Hazard Class Rating A, B, C
PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS:
Total Personnel Needed: ----
(Give a brief description of each job category) ·
Supervisors/Foremen: -------------------------
O p era tors/Equipment Operators: ___________________ _
Laborers: -----------------------------
Health & Safety: ________________________ _
IDENTIFIED HAZARDS:
0 Mechanical 0 Confined Space 0 Pressurized Vessels
0 Electrical 0 Repetitive Motion 0 Flame/Fire/Welding
0 Physical 0 Radiation 0 Lifting, Pulling, Pushing
0 Hydraulic 0 Lighting 0 Noise
0 Pneumatic 0 Explosive Atmosphere 0 Water Hazards
0 MachineryN ehicles 0 Excavation/Trenches 0 Natural
0 Inclement Weather 0 Crushing Hazards 0 Asbestos/Lead
0 Housekeeping 0 Temperature Extreme 0 Rigging/Lifting/Cranes
0 Chemical/Corrosives/To 0 Elevated Work / Fall 0 Oxygen deficient
xms Hazard atmosphere
0 Electromagnetic 0 Blood-borne Pathogens 0 Poisonous Plants/ Animals
Radiation
0 Other
Describe above hazards in detail:
VFL Technology Corporation Page I of4
TASK ASSESSMENT/HAZARD ANALYSIS
REQUIRED EQUIPMENT:
General:
O Hand Tools 0 Ventilation 0 Decon Supplies
O Electric Tools 0 Life Lines 0 Rescue Equipment
O Pneumatic Tools
O Body Harness/Fall
0 Fire Extinguishers 0 Blood Exposure Kit
0 Life Vest/Flotation 0 Rigging -Slings, Straps,
Restraint Devices Cables
O Breathing Air /
Respiratory Protection
O Communication Device
0 Barriers/Marking Tape/ 0 Portable Lighting/Low
Guards Voltage Lighting
0 Scaffolding 0 LO/TO Hardware
O Air Monitoring O Spill Response Materials
Equipment
Describe Equipment Needed:
Monitoring Equipment:
0 02 , LEL, CO, H2S Meter
O Noise Meter
O Organic Vapor Meter
O Electro Magnetic Meter
O Radiation Survey Meter I Frisker
O Other Toxic, (specify)
O Colorimetric Tubes, (specify)
MachineryN ehicles:
0 Back hoe 0 Fork Truck
0 Low-Boy Truck 0 Front-end Loader
0 Excavator 0 Generators I Air
compressors
0 Other (specify)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
O Protection Clothing (Circle Appropriate Level):
O Dump Truck
O Pick-up Truck
A B C D
O Hearing Protection O Head Protection O Splash Protection
O Cool Vest O Fire/Heat Protection O Eye Protection
O Water/Liquid: Wet Suit, Dry Suit, O Wear Points, Knee Pads, Elbow Pads
Apron
O Gloves, Type: 0 Boots, Type:
O CPR Breathing Devices
VFL Technology Corporation Page 2 of 4
TASK ASSESSMENT/HAZARD ANAL YS/S
Required Work Practices/Administrative Controls and Engineering Controls:
0 Administrative Controls:
0 Engineering Controls:
0 Standard Operating Procedures:
0 Related Task Assessment/Hazard Analysis Forms:
Class C: Prepared By
Approved By (Operations)
Approved By (Site Safety)
Class B: Approved By (Corporate Safety)
Approved By (Project Manage r)
Class A: Approved By (V.P. Operations)
Approved By (Pres/Sr Vice Pres)
VFL Technology Corporation
date
date
date
date
date
date
date
Page 3 of 4
TASK ASSESSMENT/HAZARD ANALYSIS
Basic Job/Work Tasks Description:
Health and Safety Monitoring Plan:
Support Personnel Job Description:
VFL Technology Corporation Page 4 of 4
APPENDIX VIII
Dust Exposures Calculation Worksheet
Chemical
(
Aluminum
Antimony 0.5
Arsenic 0.01
Barium 0.5
Beryllium 0.002
Cadmium 0.005
Chlordane 0.5
Chromium 0.5
Chrome (hex) 0.01
Cobalt 0.02
Copper 1
Cyanides 5
:::2:s6E.+.14:. . . . · _o.oo · o;ooo
_.:'.1~25E +15 : _ :0~00 ·-· .. 0:000
Dioxins, TEO 1E-09 :0;1~06E +osc ·· -. , 0~24 . : o~ooo-: ·
Endosulfan 0.1 :2.50E+ 13 -. 6.60 . 0:006
Fluorides 2.5 o,oo ... · .. 0.000
Lead 0.05
llanganese 0.2
-0.-1 '.25E+ 13 . . 0.00 -0.000
)s:OC>E+ 13 ; · :· / 'o:oo · -·t :' .. O;ooo . · ·
,ercury 0.025
Nickel 1
Oil Mist 5
PCBs 0.5
PNAs 0.2
Phthalates 5
RDX 0.5
Selenium 0.2
Silica 0.05
Silver 0.01
Thallium 0.,
Tin 2
Titanium 10
Trinitrotoluene 0.1
Vanadium
0
EQUATIONS USED IN THIS CALCULATION
'ust action level =
.• ·or one dust)
( 1 E + 6)(Exposure Limit mg/m3)
(Concentration mg/kg)(Safety Factor)
\
APPENDIX IX
Lockout/Tag-Out Procedures
( Contractor To Provide)
APPENDIX X
Confined Space Entry Procedures
( Contractor To Provide
For Each Specific Equipment/Apparatus
Generic Plan Attached)
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PROGRAM
for
EXAMPLE PLAN FOR SPECIFICATION
lssde/Revision Date: 4/19/99
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PURPOSE ................................................. l
2 SCOPE ............................................................ 1
3 POLICY .......................................................... 1
4 ENTRY PERMIT SYSTEM ....................................... 3
4.1 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMITS .................................. 3
4.2 CONFINED SPACE RESCUE PLANS ................................... 3
4.3 lsSUANCE OF PERMITS ........................................... 3
4.4 SPECIAL PERMIT-EXEMPT ENTRIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 3
5 KEY PERSONNEL RESPONSIBILITIES ............ 4
5.1 ENTRY SUPERVISOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ 4
5.2 ENTRANT ............................................. 4
5.3 ATTENDANT ................................................. 4
5.4 RESCUE PERSONNEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ 5
5.4.1 Non-Entry Rescue Personnel ................................ 5
5.4.2 In-House Entry Rescue Team ............................... 5
6 TRAININ"G ........................................................ 7
6.1 ALL AFFECTED EMPLOYEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ 7
6.2 AUTIIORIZED ENTRANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ 7
6.3 ATIENDANT ................................................... 7
6.4 ENTRY SUPERVISOR ............................................. 8
6.5 RESCUE PERSONNEL ............................................. 8
6.6 TAILGATE SAFETY BRIEFING ...................................... 9
7 CONTRACTORS ................................................ 10
8 MONITORING AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT .............. 11
8.1 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION ...................................... 11
9 SAFE PROCEDURES FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY ......... 12
9.1 DESIGNATED PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACES .................. 12
9.2 MINIMUM REQUIRED PROCEDURES FOR ALL PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED
SPACES .... · .................................................. 13
9.3 SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOR SPECIFIC PERMIT-REQUIRED SPACES ........ 16
E..XAMPLE Camin=Si-eElllry Propm
I.ssucdlRniHd: 4119"99
APPENDIX I -FORMS ................................................ 17
APPENDIX II-SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF CO:MMON ATMOSPHERIC
HA.ZARDS ............... _ .......... _ ............ _ ................. 22
APPENDIX ill -CONFINED SP ACE ENTRY EQUIPMENT ........... 24
EXA.'vfi'LE Conlillcd Spacc-Enlry Program
I.ss~cd:.4119/99
ll
1 PURPOSE
This program establishes the minimum requirements for the safe entry, continued work in and exit from
Confined Spaces in accordance with the OSHA Permit Required Confined Space Entry Standard 29 CFR
1910.146. This written plan will provide employees with a Con.fined Space Entry System to prevent
serious accidents which could result from entry into spaces deficient in oxygen, containing dangerous air
coritaminants, or other hazardous conditions in those confmed spaces.
2 SCOPE
This procedure will apply to ALL EMPLOYEES working for the Contractor as well as all contractor
employees entering or monitoring a confined space.
A Confined Space is defined as any area which meets the following characteristics -
• can be entered by an individual to perform work, but is not intended for continuous
human occupancy;
• has limited means of entry and exit.
A Permit-Required Confined Space is defined as any Confined Space with any of the following
characteristics -
• could have unfavorable natural ventilation;
• has the potential to contain or produce a hazardous atmosphere ( e.g., oxygen deficiency
or chemical contaminants);
contains materials with potential to engulf the entrant;
• has an internal configuration which could entrap or asphyxiate entrant; or
• contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.
These areas may also possess any significant safety or health hazards, such as containing equipment or
materials which could engulf a worker or expose them to the uncontrolled release of a hazardous source
of energy. Examples of these areas include, but are not limited to, tanks, sewers, tunnels, Mobile leaf
vacuums, trenches, pump stations and manholes.
3 POLICY
No worker, contract employee or visitor to the site will enter a confined space unless a confmed space
entry permit has been completed and signed by a qualified person, who will serve as the Entry
Supervisor. The permit will be signed by the workers authorized to enter the space ("Authorized
Entrants"), the person testing the atmosphere in the space and monitoring entrant safety (the
"Attendant"), and the Entry Supervisor. The permit is valid for only one shift or less, for specific work
tasks conducted in each confined space. A new permit will be issued for each subsequent shift, new
work task or confined space location. The completed permits will be retained by the Health and Safety
Officer (HSO) for a minimum of one year following the entry.
The use of appropriate environmental and chemical monitoring devices, such as oxygen monitors,
combustible gas meters, and toxic gas monitors are required prior to and during the entry.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/Revised: 4119/99
1
4 ENTRY PERMIT SYSTEM
The Confined Space Entry Permit System will consist of two parts -
(1) A Confmed Space Entry Permit
(2) A Confined Space Rescue Plan checklist
Both will be issued for each work period in which confmed space activities are being performed. In no
case will a permit extend beyond a single work shift (i.e., eight hours).
4.1 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMITS
A Confined Space Entry Permit consists of information necessary for the safe entry into a
confined space. This information will include identification of the space and its hazards,
identification of key personnel, necessary equipment for safe entry, and atmospheric monitoring
conditions.
Permits will be issued for entry into only one specific confined space. This will be posted at the
entrance to the confined space during entry or kept in the possession of the primary Attendant.
This permit will indicate the identity of the permitted space to be entered, the purpose of the
entry, the date and authorized duration of entry permit, name(s) of authorized entrants, attendants
and non-entry rescue personnel, tasks being performed, known or potential hazards, acceptable
entry conditions, special safety requirements, use of personal protective equipment or monitoring
devices, available rescue team and the signature of the Entry Supervisor.
At the conclusion of each confined space entry, permits will be closed out by the Entry
Supervisor and forwarded to the HSO for filing. Confmed Space Entry Permits will be kept on
file for at least one year following the entry. These permits will be periodically reviewed by the
Entry Supervisor to ensure that procedures outlined in this plan are adequate to control or
eliminate confined space hazards.
4.2 CONFINED SPACE RESCUE PLANS
Confmed Space Rescue Plans will be attached and posted with Confined Space Entry Permits at
the entry to the con.fined space. The Rescue Plan will consist of preplanned information used in
determining equipment and personnel needs in the event of an accident or injury in the confined
space. 1bis plan will include listings of required rescue equipment, emergency telephone
numbers, emergency contacts and the means to contact them, as well as the procedures for a safe
rescue of personnel under likely emergency scenarios.
4.3 ISSUANCE OF PERMITS
Entry into a Confined Space will be authorized only by the Entry Supervisor, whose signature
must appear at the bottom of the permit. The Entry Supervisor will:
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Progmn
!.uucdlRcvisc:d: 4119/1}9
a. complete the Entry Checklist and Atmospheric/Environmental Tests portions of the entry
permit;
b. verify that all atmospheric testing and ventilation has been completed
c. verify by checking that rescue personnel and all hazard warning devices and safety
equipments are available;
d. assure that an Attendant is stationed at the entrance to the confined space throughout the
work period.
4.4 SPECIAL PERl\HT-EXEMPT ENTRIES
In limited special cases, such as diked areas surrounding tanks, a "confined space" may be
entered without a confined space permit if all the following conditions have been met:
a. There is no reason to believe that there could be escape of a flammable, toxic or
corrosive material into the area in sufficient quantity to create an IDLH atmosphere or
oxygen-deficiency;
b. Atmospheric hazards (if any), such as exposure to chemicals, can be controlled easily
through the use of additional ventilation, such as a forced air blower, and the blower is to
be used during this entry;
c. The confined space has been entered previously under similar circumstances, the
atmosphere monitored and documented, and no significant atmospheric hazards were
discovered; and,
d. No other significant physical hazards exist, such engulfment, entrapment, electrical or
slip/trip/fall hazards, which are unique to the confined space.
Upon verification of the above by the Entry Supervisor, the air will be initially tested for
chemical or oxygen-deficiency hazards. If acceptable, then workers will be allowed to work
without a permit or Attendant.
If any of the above conditions could potentially exist, then permitted entry is required.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
ls3ued/R.evised 4/ I 9199
5 KEY PERSONNEL RESPONSIBILITIES
5.1 ENTRY SUPERVISOR
The Entry Supervisor is a "competent person," as defined by OSHA, in charge of approving and
overseeing confined space entries. An Entry Supervisor is an individual that is therefore capable
by virtue of education, experience and/or specialized training, of anticipating, recognizing and
evaluating employee exposure to hazardous substances or other unsafe conditions in a confined
space. This person also has the authority to specify the necessary control or protective measures
to ensure worker safety and take appropriate corrective measures. The Entry Supervisor will be
responsible for authorizing Confined Space Entry Permits.
Primary Entry supervisor: To Be Pro vided bv Contractor
Other Approved Entry Supervisors: PLEASE LIST OTHER ACCEPTABLE SUPERVISORS
5.2 ENTRANTS
Prior to entering any confined space, each Entrant will be responsible for understanding the
following items -
• The potential hazards of the confined space.
• The equipment required for each entry, including emergency equipment, and its proper
use.
• How to communicate with the Attendant and/or rescue personnei under normal, non-
routine and emergency circumstances.
• How to alert Attendant of problems or unusual conditions.
• What conditions will require their immediate removal from the confined space?
Examples include, but are not limited to, instructions by the Attendant to leave,
recognized warning signs, detection of prohibited conditions and notification of general
evacuation from the site.
5.3 ATTENDANT
An Attendant is an individual named on each Confined Space Entry Permit who will monitor the
workers continually during permitted entries. The Attendant will:
a. Remain outside of the confined space at all times.
b. Maintain continuous communication by voice, visual observation, radio, telephone, or
other equally effective means with all authorized entrants. If it is not possible for one
Attendant to maintain communications with each entrant, then other arrangements will
be made to assure that the Attendant is continuously aware of the location and condition
EXAMPLE Confined Space Emry Program
Issucd/R.evised 4/19199
4
of any entrant who is out of range of direct communication. More than one Attendant
may be necessary when one individual is not capable of overseeing all Entrants.
c. Has the authority to order entrants to exit the confined space at the first indication of
non-permitted conditions.
d. Know the procedures and means to summon immediate emergency assistance.
e. Remain at histber post and not leave for any reason except self-preservation, unless
replaced by an equally qualified individual while entry continues. Toe Attendant must
order the entrants to exit the confined space if the Attendant cannot be replaced with an
equally qualified person.
f. Warn unauthorized persons not to enter, or to exit immediately if they have entered, and
to advise authorized entrants and Entry Supervisor of entry by an unauthorized person(s).
5.4 RESCUE PERSONNEL
5.4.1 Non-Entry Rescue Personnel
A specific in-house confined space entry rescue team capable of performing rescues
inside confined spaces does ruu exist at Contractors Site. However, at least two on-site
individuals who are not involved in the actual entry into a confined space will be
designated as Non-Entry Rescue Personnel to perform rescues which do not require entry
into the confined space. Non-Entry Rescue Personnel will be named on the Confined
Space Entry Permit and must verify by their signature that they understand and accept
their responsibilities. Toe Attendant may be named concurrently as a Non-Entry Rescue
Person.
Non-Entry Rescue Personnel will have immediate access to the necessary, non-entry
rescue equipment, such as communications devices (e.g., walkie-talkies) to summon
additional assistance, confined space retrieval equipment (e.g., tripods with lifelines
attached to Entrants), and first aid/CPR equipment. All Non-Entry Rescue Personnel
will be trained in accordance with section 6.5 below. Non-Entry Rescue Personnel will
be limited to rescues from outside the confined space(s) ONLY
5.4.2 External Rescue Teams
The Contractors non-entry rescue personnel will be supported by outside emergency
response groups, primarily the Warren Rural County Fire Department, who must be able
to respond to the confined space location within a 4 to 5-minute time frame. Additional
outside support agencies may be utilized, such as the local fire department, rescue squad,
haz mat team, or other emergency response organizations. For confmed space entries
performed routinely or repeatedly at a site, the Entry Supervisor will document in writing
that arrangements have been made for the support of the external team. In addition, the
names and telephone numbers of external rescue agencies will be listed on the Confined
Space Rescue Plan. Toe Entry Supervisor will ensure by checkini prior to each day of
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
lssuedlR.evised: 4119/99
5
con.fined space entry that the external support team has been notified of the entry, is
capable of performing a backup rescue, and is available throughout the period of the
entry. The external team will be given the opportunity to visit the confined space prior
to entry to ensure they are familiar with the site and verify they have the capability to
perform rescue.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/Revised: 4/ 19/99
6
6 TRAINING
All employees, contractors and visitors to enter a confined space will be trained accordingly. Written
records will be maintained for each training program which contains the signatures of attending
employees, subject matter and duration of training. Retraining in confined space entry will occur as soon
as the Entry Supervisor identifies any deficiencies in procedures being used or changes in confmed
spaces.
6.1 ALL AFFECTED EMPLOYEES
All employees who may come in contact with (but not necessarily enter) confined spaces in the
course of their job shall be made aware of appropriate procedures and controls for entry. They
shall be informed that unauthorized entry into confmed spaces is forbidden and may result in
disciplinary action. They shall also be informed that the consequences of unauthorized entry
may be fatal, and that their senses may not be sufficient to detect the severity of the
environmental hazard( s).
6.2 AUTHORIZED ENTRANTS
Individuals who may be authorized to enter a confmed space will be given Con.fined Space Entry
Training. The content of this training will include:
a. Understanding the nature of hazard(s) in confmed spaces
b. Proper use of Personal Protective Equipment
c. Proper use of Respiratory Protective Devices
d. Self-Rescue and exiting from a confined space
e. Symptoms of exposure and toxic effects of potential hazardous materials
f. Communication with the Attendant
g. Special or modification of normal work practices while in a confmed space
h. Use and calibration procedures of testing equipment
1. The contents of this Confined Space Entry Program
j . Other job-specific training such as:
• competent person for excavation
• traffic safety
• lockout / tagout
In addition to the above, evacuation drills will be conducted periodically by the Entry Supervisor
to test the adequacy of training.
6.3 ATTENDANT
Attendants shall be trained at least to the level of an Authorized Entrant plus the following
competencies:
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Prog12111
Issued/Revised:4119/99
a. Proper use of communications equipment for communicating with authorized entrants or
summoning emergency or rescue personnel.
b. Procedures for summoning rescue personnel or other emergency services.
c. Recognition of early behavior signs of exposure to chemical contaminants or
asphyxiation that may be present in the confined space(s).
d. Attendant responsibilities indicated in section 5 .2 above.
e. Proper calibration and use of atmospheric monitoring equipment.
6.4 ENTRY SUPERVISOR
The Entry Supervisor shall be trained at least annually in the following
a. Authorized Entrant requirements in section 6.2.
b. Attendant requirements in section 6.3.
c. Proper procedures for completing a confined space entry permit.
6.5 RESCUE PERSONNEL
In addition to the training requirements for Authorized Entrants, as per section 6.2, all "Rescue
Team" personnel shall be trained in:
a. Use of available retrieval and rescue equipment.
b. Practice in removing simulated or real people through representative openings of the
same size, configuration and access as the confined space(s) from which the actual
rescue would be required.
c. At least one member of the rescue team shall hold a current certification in basic first aid
and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from an accredited organization, such as the
American Red Cross.
Since outside emergency response organizations are to be called upon to perform rescue
operations, the Contractors Site will verify that these external rescue squads have received the
proper training in the types of confined spaces that will be encountered prior to the confined
space work.
EXAMPLE Confined Space .Enlry Program
Issued/Revised: 41 I 9199
0
6.6 TAILGATE SAFETY BRIEFING
Before each confined space entry, the Supervisor or his designee will discuss the job and review
safe procedures with all applicable workers. This discussion shall include a review of the job
tasks, confined space hazards, permit requirements, rescue plan and any special equipment which
may be needed.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/Rmsed: 4119/99
0
7 CONTRACTORS
The Contractor will inform all workers performing work in or around confined spaces of any reasonably
ascertainable potential fire, explosion, health or other safety hazards associated with that work. The
applicable specifics of this Confined Space Entry Program, emergency procedures and other relevant
safety procedures will also be made known to the contractor.
If Subcontractors are required to enter a confined space, they will be required to coordinate entry with
the Contractors HSO's personnel. (Subcontractors will generally be required to follow this Confined
Space Entry Program, including the use of the attached permits, rescue plan, and all appropriate
procedures, unless they can demonstrate that their program is equally effective). All subcontractor
employees must show documentation in writing they have been trained in accordance with the OSHA
Confined Space Entry Standard based on their assigned duties.
Contractors will be required to supply their own air monitoring instrumentation ( calibrated daily),
personal protective equipment and rescue equipment, unless other arrangements are made prior to site
activities. The Contractor's Supervisor or his designee will ensure that all equipment and procedures are
accounted for. Subcontractors will be prevented from confined space entry if all necessary precautions
are not in place.
Following confined space entry by subcontractors, the Contractors Supervisor, or his designee, will
debrief subcontractors on their activities to identify any special hazards or concerns. Copies of
subcontractor permits will be kept on file by the HSO.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
ww:d/Revised:-4119/99
1()
8 MONITORING AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
The Health and Safety Officer will maintain a list of available environmental monitoring and emergency
equipment. This list is attached as Appendix III. All monitoring and emergency equipment will be
maintained in good working order.
At a minimum, oxygen and combustible vapors/gases will be measured prior to entering any confined
space, including permit-exempt spaces.
8.1 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION
At a minimum, calibration, field tests and maintenance shall be performed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instruction manual. \.Vhen potential IDLH conditions are possible during any
confined space entry, air monitoring instruments will be conducted daily before use. The results
of calibrations will be logged on the permit or field log. All atmospheric monitoring equipment,
including permanently mounted sensors, shall be recalibrated prior to use following any repairs
or periods of extended non-use.
Calibrations will be performed using standard calibration gases which are most representative
of the aonospheric condition or contaminant of concern. Methane will be used to calibrate
combustible gas meters where natural gas, swamp gas, sewage system manholes/sludge's or
trench excavations are present in the absence of other environmental contaminants. Pentane
calibration gas may also be used for natural gas or where petroleum hydrocarbons, such as
gasoline or fuel oil, are present. The appropriate adjustment factor for the contaminant of
concern relative to the calibration gas will be ascertained from the instrument's manufacturer
instructions prior to instrument use in the field.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Prognm
l.ss1led/R.evis 4119/99
1 1
9 SAFE PROCEDURES FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
9.1 DESIGNATED PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACES
The following spaces have been designated as "permit-required confined spaces."
1. Any open trench greater then 4 feet in depth.
2. Any catch basin great then 4 feet in depth.
3. Any manhole regardless of depth.
4. Processing equipment including, but not limited to:
• Continuous Thermal Desorption Unit
• Batch Vacuum Thermal Desorption Unit
• Liquid BCD Reactor
• Organic Holding Tanks
Process Condensate Tanks
• Clarifier/thickener
• Carbon Vessels
• Water Cooling Tower
• Wet Electrostatic Precipita.tor
• Flameless Thermal Oxidizer
• Feed Hoppers
S... PLEASE USTANYAND ALL ADDITIONAL SPACES NOT LISTED ABOVE
The above list is a guide only, additional spaces may be encountered throughout the many job locations
encountered by site workers. Affected employees should utilize their training and knowledge to identify
any spaces not listed above. Any additional encountered Permit Spaces should be brought to the
attention of the Supervisor or his designee.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/Revisecl: 41 t 9m
1.,
9.2 MINIMuM REQUIRED PROCEDURES FOR ALL PERMIT-REQUIRED
CONFINED SPACES
1. All specific identified locations or equipment classified as permit-required confined
spaces will be posted conspicuously at their entrance with signs equivalent to the
following, when feasible:
CONFINED SPACE
ENTER BY
PERMIT ONLY
2. Prior to entry, a Confined Space Entry Permit and Confined Space Rescue Plan will be
completed and approved by the Entry Supervisor.
3. All sources of hazardous energy supplying or entering the space must be isolated,
locked-out, tagged-out, or otherwise secured, in accordance with the Contractors 's
Lockout/Tagout Policy.
4. Where there is a hazard of moving or falling equipment near the confined space,
pedestrian and vehicle barriers will be put in place to protect entrants.
5. The atmosphere inside the space must be tested for oxygen content and combustible
gases before entry and continuously throughout entry. The oxygen level must be at or
above 19 .5 % oxygen and below 23 %
• If the oxygen level is below 19.5 or above 23% NO ONE MAY ENTER THE
SPACE.
• Provide forced ventilation from a clean source to the space, whenever possible,
to bring the oxygen content to between 20 % and 21 % .
EXAMPLE Coafined Space fnlJ'y Program
!ssued/Revi.sed 4/l 9/'J9
13
Combustible gases/vapors, measured as the percent ( % ) of the Lower Explosive Limit
(LEL), must be below 5% under normal circumstances.
• If the sustained level of combustible gas/vapor is between 5 and 10 % of the
LEL, work may continue with caution, however, the air must be monitored
continuously for combustible gases.
• If the combustible gas level exceeds 10 % of the LEL, work will stop
immediately, and all workers will be removed from the confined space.
Investigate the source(s) of the combustible substance and eliminate. The level
of combustible gas must be brought below 10 % of the LEL either by removing
the source(s) or by forced ventilation, before work may resume.
6. The annosphere in the space must be tested for toxic or hazardous materials (e.g.,
organic vapors, acids, caustics or hazardous dusts), as deemed necessary for the
chemical hazards of the confined space, before entry and periodically throughout the
entry. Toe frequency of testing will be determined by the types of compounds, the
risks posed by the hazardous substances, and the rypes of work activities. The types
and frequency of repeat testing will be specified on the Confined Space Entry Permit.
At a minimum, the levels of Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Monoxide will be
monitored continuously to prevent exposure to levels above the OSHA Permissible
Exposure Limit-Time Weighted Average (PEL-TWA). No entry will be pennitted in
atmospheres containing > 50 % of any chemical's respective PEL-TWA without
continuous monitoring and forced ventilation.
7. A ladder or stairs are required for all spaces deeper than the average workers'
shoulders (about 4'). The ladder will be the last item removed from the space on
completion of the work. Ladders will meet the appropriate requirements of the OSHA
Ladder Standard. Adequate lighting to be used in hazardous locations shall be
provided. In areas containing potentially flammable atmospheres. Class I, Division I,
Group C & D intrinsically safe lighting fixtures will be used as a minimum.
8. Mechanical rescue and retrieval equipment are required for all confined space entries
with vertical penetrations of 5 feet or greater. In addition, where workers may be
exposed to fall hazards of 6 feet or higher, personal fall arrest devices and/or other fall
protection systems will be used. Appropriate rescue, retrieval and fall arrest devices
may include, but are not limited to, rope or lanyards, full body safety harnesses, a
retrieval tripod, and mechanical winch system (with fall arrest system as necessary).
All employees will wear an approved safety harness with a lifeline attached when the
space is entered through a manhole, or similar narrow opening, unless the use of the
lifeline would create a greater hazard due to entanglement, etc. No one should attempt
a rescue unless adequate support assistance is on the scene.
9. A safety observer (Attendant), whose sole duty is to ensure a safe entry, will be at the
entrance in constant contact with the workers in the space. At no time will the
Attendant be allowed to enter the confined space or discontinue communications with
the entrants. If visual contact is not possible, then radio or intercom contact must be
available.
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/Revised: 4119/99
14
10. To the extent practical, those individuals designated as Rescue Personnel will be made
aware of the confined space entry and procedures established for their immediate
response.
11. Other Contractor employees working in the area will be notified of appropriate
precautions and procedures for working around confined spaces.
12. In the event that conditions are discovered that pose potential hazards, including
discovery of atmospheric testing results beyond entry guideline limits, all entrants will
be withdrawn from the space and the Entry Supervisor notified of these conditions. A
decision will be made to cancel the permit or continue operations when conditions
return to normal.
13. Hot work will not be performed inside of a Permit Required Confined Space. Only
hydraulic, or pneumatic type cutting tools will be utilized.
14. No entry will be made by employees into spaces where respiratory protection would be
required. Contractor employees will be utilized under such circumstances and
appropriate procedures will be employed.
15. Employee protective systems will be utilized, as deemed appropriate by the entry
supervisor, in all trench spaces.
EXAMPLE Confined Space .Entry Program
lss11ed/Revised: 41 I 9/99
5
9.3 REQUIRED PROCEDURES FOR ALL PERMIT-EXEMPT CONFJNED SPACES
1. The atmosphere in the space must be tested for oxygen content before entry and
periodically throughout entry. The oxygen level must remain at normal levels
throughout entry (i.e., 20-21 % ). If unfavorable oxygen levels are determined, entrants
will be withdrawn immediately, and forced ventilation from a clean source will be
provided to bring the oxygen content to between 20 % and 21 % .
2. The atmosphere in the space must be tested for combustible gases and vapors before
and periodically throughout entry. At no time may the concentration of combustible
vapors/gases exceed 5 % of the LEL. In the event vapors/gases exceed 5 % of the
LEL, workers will be removed immediately from the space and forced ventilation will
be provided to bring combustible levels to less than 5 %
3. The atmosphere in the space must be tested for toxic or hazardous materials (e.g.,
organic vapors, acids, caustics or hazardous dusts), as deemed necessary for the
chemical hazards of the confined space, before entry and periodically throughout the
entry. The frequency of testing will be determined by the types of compounds, the
risks posed by the hazardous substances, and the types of work activities. The
frequency of repeat testing will be specified on the Confined Space Entry Permit.
Workers will be removed and forced ventilation applied if vapor/dust
concentrations exceed 50 % of their applicable PELs.
EXAMPLE Confined Space .Enay Progmn
Issued/Revised: 41 I 9/99
1;:;
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/Revised: 4119/99
APPENDIX I -FORMS
17
If
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT
LOCATION of Confined Soace: Permit Date:
PURPOSE of Entrv: Time:
DESCRJPTION of Confined SD&ce: Emtnitlon:
ENTRY SUPERVISOR: Supervisor Phone:
Authorized Entr2nts Attendant(s) Non-Entry Rescue Pe~el
Item
Basic Equipment
Air monitoring • o O, o LEL o H,S D CO
Explosion11roof lighting
Communications •
Mechanical blower/ventilation
Aluminum shoring
Pumps for WIier removal-
Personal Protective Equipment
Hearing·
Clothing·
Gloves•
Eye/Face •
Head -
traffic vests-
Special Preeautions & Equipment:
Test Parameter
% Oxy~n (0,)
% ofLEL
Hvdrom, Sulfide (H.5)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
lst -
2nd·
ENTRY Rescue Team (verified by suoemsor):
. ·· ENTRY CHECKI.isr
Re<iulred Checked NIA Item Required Checked NIA
Other Safety Precautions
Permitted Condition
Between 19.5 • 23%
<10%
< 10 00m
<35ppm
LOTO • electrical
LOTO • mechanical
purge. block & bleed
Traffic warning devices-
Light plant
·Emergency I Rescue,
Rescue Plan
Non-Entry Rescue equipment
Entry Rescue equipment
Escape airline breathing system
Entry Rescue Team notification
Fire fighting equipment-
Perform Test --------, -----'
YES No
Test
Frequency
Initial
Results
Accep!edBy
(Initials)
The Entry Supenisor has verified that all entry conditions have been satisfied and authorizes work to proceed as specified:
Date:
CONFINED SPACE RESCUE PLAN
... onfined Space Identification_·---------------------------
Likely Accident/Emergency Scenarios:
1.
2.
3.
Emergency Contacts:
Group Contact Phone# or Radio Code
First Aid Squad
Rescue Squad
Plant / Security
Entry Supervisor
Required Basic Emergency Equipment ( check all that apply) -
□ radio □ phone □ bullhorn □ fire extinguisher, type -__ □ first aid kit
Other -______________________________ Required
_ ,on-Entry Rescue Equipment (check all that apply) -
□ full body harness □ lifeline □ fall arrest □ mechanical winch □ tripod □Unihoist
□ lanyard Other -________________________ _
Required Entry Rescue.Equipment (check all that apply) -
□ SCBA -# __ □ air-line w/ escape bottle -# __ D stretcher □ chem resistant PPE
Other-_____________________________ _
Describe Procedures for ....
Non-Entry
Rescue
Entry Rescue
Conscious Victim Unconscious Victim
El\IERGENCY CONTACT AND NOTIFICATION SYSTEM
ORGANIZATION CONTACT TELEPHONE
Ambulance. 911 or
Local Police 911 or
Fire Department 911 or
State Police
Hospital
Poison Control Center 1-(800)-962-1253
NCDENR 1-(919)-733-4996 ext.308
CHEMTREC 1-(800)-424-9300
Hazardous Materials T earn 911 or
Plant Contact
Entry Supervisor
Please UPDATE LISTAS YOU SEE FIT wmIHQSPITAL NAME, CONTACT NAMES, ETC
EXAMPLf; Comim:d Space-Emry Prognm-
Iwled/Rmlod:. 4119199
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY TRAINING LOG
Traininiz Date(s):
Location:
Traininl? Subject: □ All Employees
NAME (Printed)
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
Issued/R.evised: 411911)9
Hours of Trainin2:
Instructor:
□ Authorized Entrants □ Attendants □ Entry Supervisors
Signature Social Security No . or Employee ID
APPENDIX II -SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF COM1\10N ATMOSPHERIC HAZARDS
uxygen Deficiency -
The norm.al concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere is about 21 % (20.9% to be exact). The process of
breathing, rusting of metal, welding, combustion, and chemical reaction/decomposition, can reduce the amount
of oxygen available to support life. Gases, such as carbon dioxide (from breathing or decomposition), nitrogen,
and argon, can displace oxygen. OSHA considers 19.5% oxygen to be the concentration which is Immediately
Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH). No worker may enter or work in a space below the IDLH level without
an SCBA or air-line respirator with an escape bottle.
The effects from oxygen deficiency often resemble other symptoms -
• 14-16% -feeling tired, weak, lightheaded, heavy breathing, ringing in the ears
• 10-12% -disorientation, severe tiredness, difficulty breathing, some loss of consciousness
• 6-10% -loss of consciousness, cardiac and respiratory arrest, death within a few minutes
Combustible Gas and Vapor -
Gases and vapors may bum when the surrounding temperature is at or above their Flash Point, and the
concentration of the gas/vapor is between their Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) and Upper Explosive Limit
(UEL). LEL and UEL are commonly measured in percent of the vapor/gas in air. LEL values are typically in
the 1 % range for most materials. 1 % = 10,000 ppm. Levels of flammable or combustibles more than 10% of
:ie LEL is considered to be IDLH.
Hydrogen Sulfide -
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas usually associated with the decomposition of organic matter, such as plants or
sewage. It has a rotten egg odor at low concentrations. However, within about 20 minutes, hydrogen sulfide
causes a process in the human body, called "olfactory fatigue," whereby the sense of smell to hydrogen sulfide is
lost, even when present at high levels. This prevents warning that hydrogen sulfide is present. Since hydrogen
sulfide has poor warning properties, cartridge respirators may not be used, except for short-term "escape11
purposes.
At high concentrations, 10-20 ppm, hydrogen sulfide can cause irritation to the eyes, nose and throat. It may
also cause headache, fatigue, irritability, insomnia and upset stomach. At very high levels (50 ppm or above),
hydrogen sulfide can cause severe eye tissue damage, pulmonary edema and central nervous system damage.
Hydrogen sulfide is also flammable at very high levels, well over the IDLH level.
OSHA PEL = 10 ppm
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
[ssucd/R.cvised: 4119/99
IDLH = 100 ppm
Carbon Monoxide -
...,arbon Monoxide (CO) is an odorless and colorless gas, commonly formed as a byproduct of combustion. It
causes asphyxiation because the hemoglobin in the blood prefers to take in CO rather than oxygen, when both
are present. Symptoms of exposure include tiredness, headache, disorientation and a cherry red color to the
skin. Because CO has inadequate warning properties, only an SCBA or airline respirator with an escape bottle
may be used in its presence.
OSHA PEL = 50 ppm
EXAMPLE Confined Space Entry Program
!.sJUed/Revised 4119/99
IDLH = 200 ppm
APPENDIX ID -CONFINED SPACE ENTRY EQUIPMENT
EXAMPLE Confinm Space Entry Program
Issued/Revised: 4119/99
APPENDIX XI
Vendor Supplied Information
( Contractor To Provide)
APPENDIX XII
Material Safety Data Sheets
(Contractor To Provide)
APPENDIX XIII
Example Drug and Alcohol Policy
DRUG AND ALCOHOL POLICY
A. GENERAL POLICY
The Contractor is committed to maintaining a work environment free from illegal drug
use and alcohol use. To that end the Contractor has adopted this illegal drug use and alcohol
abuse policy ("Drug and Alcohol Policy").
Compliance with the Contractor's Drug and Alcohol Policy is a condition of your
employment. Employees of the Contractor are expected and required to report to work on time
and in an appropriate mental and physical condition for work. Any employee who violates the
Contractor's Drug and Alcohol Policy will be subject to disciplinary action, up to and including
termination from employment. In addition, the Contractor from time to time may publish
additional rules relating to this Drug and Alcohol Policy to govern conduct at a particular client's
job site; employees at such site will be required to comply with both the Contractor's Drug and
Alcohol Policy and such additional rules.
Certain terms used in this Drug and Alcohol Policy are defined in Appendix A, attached.
B. PROHIBITED ACTIVITIES
The Contractor strictly prohibits its employees from engaging in the following activities:
(1) the unauthorized use, possession, manufacture, distribution, dispensation, or sale of illegal
drugs, drug paraphernalia, controlled substances, or alcohol on the Contractor's premises, in a
Contractor-supplied vehicle, at a client's job site, or elsewhere if an employee is engaged in
Contractor business; (2) any activity that compromises the integrity or accuracy of the
Contractor's illegal drug and alcohol testing program; (3) any failure or refusal to abide by the
Contractor's Drug and Alcohol Policy or, where applicable, additional rules relating to the
Contractor's Drug and Alcohol Policy governing conduct at a particular job site; and (4) any
conviction under a criminal drug statute for violations occurring in the work place, during
working hours, or when an employee of the Contractor is engaged in Contractor business. Any
employee who is convicted under any criminal drug statute for violations occurring in the work
place, during working house, or while an employee of the Contractor is engaged in Contractor
business must provide written notice of such conviction to the Contractor's Human Resources
Department no later than five (5) working days after such conviction.
Any violations of the Contractor's Drug and Alcohol Policy and such additional rules as
may be applicable to employees at a particular client's job site may result in disciplinary action,
up to and including termination from employment, and may have other legal consequences.
1
The Contractor further prohibits any employee from reporting for work while under the
influence of illegal drugs or alcohol and from entering onto the Contractor's premises or any
other location (including, but not limited to, a client's job site) where an employee is
representing the Contractor. An employee discovered to be under the influence of illegal drugs
or alcohol while at work or during working hours will be declared unfit for work by his
supervisor, relieved from his or her duties, will be sent home, and will be subject to disciplinary
action, up to and including termination from employment.
C. TESTING
The Contractor may require its employees and applicants for employment who have been
extended an offer to be tested for illegal drugs or alcohol under the following circumstances: (1)
as a condition of hiring; (2) when the Contractor has reason to believe that the employee's work
performance or on-the-job behavior may have been affected in any way by illegal drug use or
alcohol abuse; (3) at the time each employee is required to undergo a physical examination as
part of the Contractor's Corporate Health Monitoring Program (such physical examinations to
occur at least once a year); ( 4) where required as a condition of a contract at a facility of a client
of the Contractor; and (5) when the Contractor determines that an employee may have caused or
contributed to an accident involving a fatality, serious bodily injury, or substantial damage to
property.
Drug testing of employees assigned to a job site will be performed on an unannounced
random basis throughout the duration of the contract governing work at that site. In addition,
employees returning from an illegal drug and/or alcohol rehabilitation program will also be
tested on an unannounced random basis from time to time.
Each employee of the Contractor assigned to a job site must sign the attached consent
form acknowledging that the employee understands that he or she is subject to illegal drug and/or
alcohol testing as set forth herein. A copy of this form is attached to this policy as Appendix B.
Any employee who refuses to be tested as provided for herein may be removed from or denied
entrance to the job site. Any positive test result stemming from illegal drug use or alcohol abuse
may be a violation of the Contractor's Drug and Alcohol Policy and/or these rules pertaining to
the job site.
The Contractor will take steps to ensure the confidentiality of drug and alcohol testing
results in order to protect the privacy of tested persons. For the purpose of establishing eligibility
to enter a client's property, such drug testing results which are positive will not be disclosed to
the Contractor's client.
Any employee who has met the eligibility requirements for entry to a job site shall be
subject to illegal drug use and/or alcohol abuse testing in various situations including, but not
limited to, being involved in an accident or near-miss accident, engaging in conduct indicative of
illegal drug use or alcohol abuse, or through random testing. The results of such tests on the
Contractor's employees working at the job site may be disclosed to the Contractor's client.
2
Supervisors of the Contractor are trained to identify job performance and on-the-job
behavior that may indicate illegal drug use or alcohol abuse. When a supervisor concludes that
declining job performance or erratic on-the-job behavior may be the product of illegal drug use
and/or alcohol abuse, the supervisor will refer the employee for a breath, saliva, urine, blood test
or other appropriate test for illegal drug use or alcohol abuse.
Any test for illegal drug use or alcohol abuse will be conducted using reasonable
procedural safeguards and with concern for the privacy interests of each employee.
D. SEARCHES
Where there is an indication that an employee's performance or on-the-job behavior may
have been affected in any way by illegal drug use or alcohol abuse, the Contractor reserves the
right to search:
1. The employee;
2. A locker, desk, or other property of the Contractor or a client of the Contractor
which is under the employee's control;
3. An employee's personal effects located on the Contractor·s premises or on the job
site of a client of the Contractor; and
4. Any automobile used or owned by an employee which is located on the
Contractor's premises or on the job site of a client of the Contractor.
E. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
The Contractor recognizes that illegal drug use and/or alcohol abuse is a major health
problem and constitutes a potential safety and security problem. To educate employees and their
families about the dangers of illegal drug and alcohol abuse, the Contractor has developed a
Drug-Free Awareness Program.
To assist employees in overcoming illegal drug use and alcohol abuse, the Contractor
may offer the following rehabilitative help:
1 . Medical benefits for substance and alcohol abuse treatment; and
2. Information about community resources for assessment and treatment.
AGREED AND ACCEPTED:
Employee Signature
DATE:
3
APPENDIX A:
DEFINITIONS
"Drug and Alcohol Abuse Policy" means the policy of the Contractor relating to the use
of illegal drugs and the abuse of alcohol.
"Drug paraphernalia" means those items commonly used in the ad.ministration of illegal
drugs. Examples include roach clips, water pipes and bongs, cocaine spoons and straws, and
hypodermic syringes.
"Illegal drug11 means any drug which is not legally obtainable; any drug which is legally
obtainable but has not been legally obtained; any prescribed drug not legally obtained; any
prescribed drug not being used for the prescribed purpose; any over-the-counter drug being used
at a dosage level different than recommended by the manufacturer or being used for a purpose
other than intended by the manufacturer; any drug being used for a purpose not in accordance
with bona fide medical therapy, or any illegal inhalant. Examples of illegal drugs are marijuana
and hashish, cocaine, heroin, phencyclidine (PCP), amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines,
methadone, and so-called designer drugs and look-alike drugs.
"Near-miss accident" means any incident which, if it had proceeded to a reasonably
possible and more serious level of development, would have had the potential for personal
injuries, extensive property damage, and/or liability claims.
"Positive test result" means a laboratory conclusion that a specimen was found to contain
the presence of a drug.
"Possession" means the presence of any illegal drug or alcohol upon the person of any
employee of the Contractor or the storage of any illegal drug or container of alcohol in a locker,
desk, or other property under the employee's control which is located on the Contractor's
premises or on the job site of a client of the Contractor.
"Reason to believe" means a belief that the actions or appearance or conduct of a person
are indicative of the use of an illegal drug or alcohol. Such a belief is based on objective,
articulable facts. A "reason to believe" situation is any situation in which an employee's job
performance is in conflict with established job standards relating to safety and efficiency. The
term includes, but not limited to, accidents, near-miss accidents, erratic conduct suggestive of
drug or deviations from normal behavior and/or productivity.
"Substance abuse" means the use of any illegal drug or the misuse of alcohol or any
prescription drug.
"Testing11 means the analysis of urine, breath, blood or other biological specimens of the
human body. Drug testing, as used herein, specifically means the analysis of urine to detect the
presence of any illegal drug.
A
APPENDIXB .
CONSENT TO TESTING
DATE:
I understand that if assigned to a job site, I am subject to random illegal drug use and/or
alcohol abuse testing.
I understand that I am now being asked to provide a specimen of my breath, blood or
urine for the purpose of determining the presence of illegal drugs and/or alcohol in my body
system(s).
I understand that I cannot be compelled to provide specimens for illegal drug and/or
alcohol analysis; however, I also understand if I receive a positive test result for illegal drugs or
alcohol or refuse to be tested, I may be removed from and/or prevented from entering the job site.
I hereby consent to provide specimens of my breath, blood or urine.
I also authorize the Contractor and said Contractor's agents to have continued access to
the specimens in case further analysis is required; to obtain the results of all tests made of the ·
specimens; and to communicate concerning these test results with the testing agency,
governmental agencies having jurisdiction, and the Contractor's client, if required.
Employee Signature
Print Name of Employee
Employee Social Security Number
WARREN COUNTY
PCB LANDFILL
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PLAN
Prepared for:
North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
E.,._,ire>rw ... ~-t.-■., ■rwc.
.BF A Environmental Consultants
Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc.
MARCH 2000
Emergency Response Plan
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Emergency Response Plan
Warren County PCB Landfill
1.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN ........................................................................ 1
1.1 Site History/Description ............................................................................... 2
1.2 Scope of Work and Treatment Systems ...................................................... .4
2.0 PRE-EMERGENCY PLANNING ........................................................................... 5
2.1 Emergency Recognition and Prevention ...................................................... 7
3.0 PERSONNEL ROLES AND LINES OF AUTHORITY AND
COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................... 9
3 .1 Responsibilities and Duties .......................................................................... 9
3.2 On-Site Emergency Coordinator Duties ...................................................... 9
4.0 EVACUATION ROUTES AND PROCEDURES ................................................ 13
4.1 Safe Distances and Places of Refuge ......................................................... 13
4.2 Evacuation Signals and Routes .................................................................. 14
4.3 Evacuation Procedures ............................................................................... 14
5.0 EMERGENCY SPILL RESPONSE PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT ........ .16
5.1 Notification Procedures ............................................................................. 16
5 .2 Procedure for Containing/Collecting Spills .............................................. .16
5.3 Emergency Response Equipment .............................................................. 18
5 .4 Personal Protective Equipment .................................................................. 18
5.5 Emergency Spill Response Clean-Up Materials and Equipment .............. 19
6.0 MEDICAL EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY MEASURES .............................. .20
6.1 Response .................................................................................................... 20
6.2 Notification ................................................................................................ 21
7.0 FIRE CONTINGENCY MEASURES ................................................................... 22
7 .1 Response .................................................................................................... 22
7.2 Notification ................................................................................................ 23
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Emergency Response Plan
(Continued)
Warren County PCB Landfill
8.0 HAZARDOUS WEATHER CONTINGENCY MEASURES ............................. .24
8.1 Response .................................................................................................... 24
8.2 Notification ................................................................................................ 24
9.0 SPILL/RELEASE CONTINGENCY MEASURES .............................................. 25
9 .1 Response and Notification ......................................................................... 25
FIGURES
Warren County Emergency Facility Map ............................................................................ 3
TABLES
Table 3-1 Emergency Telephone Numbers ....................................................................... 11
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
APR .................... Air-Purifying Respirator
BBCD ................. Batch Vacuum Solid Phase BCD/Thermal Desorption System
BCD .................... Base Catalyzed Decomposition
CAB .................... Citizens Advisory Board
CBCD ................. Continuous Solid Phase BCD/Thermal Desorption System
CFR .................... Code of Federal Regulations
CIH ..................... Certified Industrial Hygienist
CPR .................... Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
CRZ .................... Contamination Reduction Zone
CHSO ................. Corporate Health and Safety Officer
EMA ................... Emergency Management Agency
EMS .................... Emergency Management Services
ERCP .................. Emergency Response Contingency Plan
EZ ....................... Exclusion Zone
FID ...................... Flame Ionization Meter
H2S ...................... Hydrogen Sulfide
HASP .................. Site Health and Safety Plan
HAZWOPER ..... Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
HEPA .................. High Efficiency Particulate Air
HPD .................... Hearing Protection Devices
HSO .................... Health and Safety Officer
IDLH .................. Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
MG/M3 •••••••••••••••• Milligrams Per Cubic Meter
MSDS ................. Material Safety Data Sheet
NC ...................... North Carolina
NCAC ................. North Carolina Administrative Code
NCDENR ............ North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
NFPA .................. National Fire Protection Association
NIOSH ................ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NRMRL .............. National Risk Management Research Laboratory
NRR .................... Noise Reduction Ratings
OSHA ................. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PCBs ................... Polychlorinated Biphenyls
PD ....................... Performance Demonstration
PDR .................... Personal Dust Respirable Monitor
PEL ..................... Permissible Exposure Limit
PID ...................... Photoionization Detector
PCSAPT ............. Process Condensate Separation and Aqueous Phase Treatment System
PM ...................... Project Manager
PPB ..................... Parts Per Billion
PPE ..................... Personal Protective Equipment
PPM .................... Parts Per Million
PPT ..................... Parts Per Trillion
RAM ................... Respirable Aerosol Monitor
RCRA ................. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
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SAR .................... Supplied-Air Respirator
SCBA .................. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
Site ...................... Warren County PCB Landfill
SM ...................... Site Manager
SZ ....................... Support Zones
TAHA ................. Task Assessment/Hazard Analysis
TEQ .................... Toxicity Equivalent Concentrations
TSCA .................. Toxic Substance Control Act
TWA ................... Time Weighted Average
USEPA ............... United States Environmental Protection Agency
YRS .................... Vapor Recovery System
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Warren County PCB Landfill
List of Acronyms
(Continued)
Final / March 2000
Emergency Response Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
1.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
This Site Emergency Response Plan has been developed for the detoxification of the
Warren County Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Landfill in Warren County, North
Carolina. The project will be performed under the direction of the North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR), Division of Waste
Management. A Citizens Advisory Board (CAB) has been established to work with
NCDENR.
This Emergency Response Plan has been prepared to set forth the minimum requirements
the successful Contractor must include in the required Emergency Response Plan. Proper
emergency planning and response are important elements of the safety and health
program that help minimize employee exposure and injury. The standard, 29 Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.140, requires that the Contractor develop and implement
a written emergency response plan to handle possible emergencies before performing
hazardous waste operations. The emergency response plan must include:
• Personnel roles, lines of authority, and communication procedures;
• Pre-emergency planning;
• Emergency recognition and prevention;
• Emergency medical and first-aid treatment;
• Methods or procedures for alerting on-site employees;
• Safe distances and places of refuge;
• Site security and control;
• Decontamination procedures;
• Critique of response and follow-up;
• Personal protective and emergency equipment; and
• Evacuation routes and procedures.
All project personnel shall be required to read the Emergency Response Plan, receive a
detailed orientation by the Health and Safety Officer (HSO), and to sign the
acknowledgement form to document their understanding and willingness to comply with
the contents. The HSO will keep the acknowledgment forms on file at the site.
A copy of the Emergency Response Plan will be maintained at the Contractor's
Corporate Office and at the Site. The plan will be available and accessible to all
employees.
The Emergency Response Plan will be coordinated with local authorities disaster and
emergency management plans as appropriate. In addition, a meeting or other
communication with the local hospital, rescue squad, hazardous materials unit, and fire
department shall also occur to advise the emergency rescue representatives of the nature
and type of contaminants victims may have been exposed to while on site. Directions to
the hospital will be posted on site, and a copy will be placed in all vehicles when the site-
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specific Health and Safety Plan (HASP) is in effect. Emergency procedures will be
posted and, as appropriate, be included in the daily safety briefings.
1.1 Site History/Description
The Warren County PCB Landfill (Site) is located in Warren County, North Carolina,
and approximately 50 miles north of Raleigh, North Carolina. A location map is
attached. The Site is situated within a tract of land owned by the State of North Carolina
that covers 19.317 acres. The Site includes a 2.54-acre landfill cell (PCB Landfill) that
contains soils with elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and
dioxins/furans. Approximately half of the remaining State property immediately adjacent
to the PCB Landfill is cleared of vegetation. The remaining State property is undisturbed
with moderately dense population of trees approximately 30 feet in height. A gravel road
approximately 3,000 feet long provides access to the Site from State Route 1604.
The PCB Landfill is approximately 250 feet wide (measured in an east to west direction)
and 500 feet long. Approximately 40,000 cubic yards of soils were deposited into the
PCB Landfill from the remediation of roadways throughout the State that were illegally
sprayed with PCB oils to avoid proper disposal of the oils under Toxic Substance Control
Act (TSCA). Approximately ten percent of the soils originated from the Fort Bragg
Military Reservation near Southern Pines, North Carolina (NC) and are assumed to be of
a similar nature to the balance of the contaminated soils. The PCB concentrations in the
soil ranged from 259 parts per million (ppm) to a high of 853 ppm, with an average
concentration of 500 ppm. Dioxin/furans concentrations ranged from 147 parts per
trillion (ppt) [toxicity equivalent concentrations (TEQ)] to 238 ppt, with an average
concentration of 200 ppt TEQ. This data has been reported in the Phase I Base Catalyzed
Decomposition (BCD) study.
The maximum depth of the PCB Landfill at the center is approximately 36 feet, which
includes the lower liner and existing cover. The depth at the perimeter is approximately
20 feet. The existing ground surface of the cleared area begins at the same elevation as
the perimeter of the PCB Landfill. In addition to the PCB contaminated soils, a relatively
small quantity of cement kiln dust (less than 5-percent of the total volume) occupies the
northeast comer of the PCB Landfill. Approximately one-half of the PCB Landfill rises
above the existing ground surface. The PCB Landfill was completed in 1983.
During evaluation of the potential detoxification technologies, the primary objective was
to utilize a process that actually destroyed PCBs and dioxin/furans in a non-incineration
manner. The BCD process utilizes chemical destruction to achieve this objective. The
BCD process is a chemical reaction that destroys PCBs and dioxins/furans by removing
the chlorine atom from the chlorinated compound and replacing it with hydrogen, thus
rendering the molecule to a non hazardous compound. The process is conducted in both
the solid and liquid phase.
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' ' ) //,,.,... "[. I -• t I ,,, ,.r---""' ( Warren County Emergency Facilities Map )-_,/ \ ) I Warren Plain) , \)' I . ~ ~ ' ( 720 W Ridgeway St !w~rrenton. NC _27589 ·-' ) ---.r· ,._.,..... .. , ) l , .. '-~ ') .. ::..-~---\ r ' -----,---;---·-/ \ ,--•••• -· ,,-,_, I ~ I ,-~ ,_, / L -/ .,.,/ /.,_ ___ _ ,J r-·· ..,..--_,.,... ___ -_, .-------;-i ,..-I ;·r-· j I _..--· ' .Cokesbury ''----l_~v' ! ' : ' ' "'"'"-04 Coffege St arrenton, NC 27589 ~~-, -, \ i ---.... r-~l /___._____1 -r LI ,_fflfrufliln -/_,./\ \ --·-·· ( '·L._, ) \ ( ·,\_ Liberia"'---..,. \ Adcock Crossroads • ···-.,_4 \ ;•~" Crosse~, l \ -'--z_ ) '-,\ { !L, I ·----._ \_ .. •'v\ \, ------'\{' ½ . 1• __ :'V'-;--,---. .s--r------., '-~ ;",,. Vi cksboro--._ __,, . -, ....... \. ... , ·,, ___ '\. __ \ '·-\ ;·---·~--~.-_Par1<town \ ........... , __ -,.,__,•~-_,,)------,,. ~-"' 0ml 2 4 8 8
Emergency Response Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
1.2 Scope of Work and Treatment Systems
The general scope of work at the Site will address the following areas:
• BCD Process Equipment Mobilization
• Site Preparation
• BCD Process System Construction
• System Performance Demonstration/Start-up
• Excavation and Treatment
• Backfill
• Decontamination
• Demobilization
• Site Reclamation
• Program Management
In overview, the BCD Detoxification System utilizes multiple components to treat
contaminated feed materials and the associated vapor and liquid streams that result from
the treatment process. Individual components of the solid, vapor, and liquid phase
treatment systems are controlled by system operators/technicians. The BCD
Detoxification System will include the following:
• One continuous solid phase BCD thermal desorption unit (CBCD),
• One batch vacuum solid phase BCD/thermal desorption unit (BBCD),
• Two air pollution control systems or vapor recovery systems (VRS), one each for the
CBCD (CBCD-VRS) and BBCD (BBCD-VRS), and
• One process condensate separation and aqueous phase treatment system (PCSAPT),
and
• One liquid phase BCD detoxification system (LBCD).
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2.0 PRE-EMERGENCY PLANNING
Prior to engaging in construction/remediation activities at the site, the prime contractor
will plan for possible emergency situations and have available adequate supplies and
manpower to respond. A suggested list of emergency response supplies is provided in
Section 5.5 ofthis plan.
Site personnel will receive trammg during the site orientation concerning proper
emergency response procedures. In addition, specific individuals representing all shifts
and work areas at the site will be assigned to the Emergency Response Team. The HSO
will be designated as the Emergency Coordinator. Due to the hours of site operations
(24hours/day, 7 days/week), alternate on-site emergency coordinators will be assigned to
cover the shifts that the HSO/Emergency Coordinator is not on site. The alternate on-site
emergency coordinators will be members of the Emergency Response Team. All
personnel on the Emergency Response Team will receive special training to include, but
not be limited to:
• First Aid,
• Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR),
• Blood Borne Pathogens, and
• Basic emergency response training.
Representatives of the community including, but not limited to, Warrenton Rural County
Fire Department, Warren County Emergency Management Services (EMS) and Warren
County Emergency Management Agency (HAZMAT Response personnel) will be
invited to the site specific emergency response training.
The HSO/Emergency Coordinator will establish a line of communications with additional
personnel, including but not limited to:
• Maria Parham Hospital, and alternate hospitals providing specialty services, if
necessary,
• Government agencies, e.g., TSCA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics,
NCDENR Division of Waste Management, and other emergency response
organizations prior to operations.
During site briefings held annually, all employees shall be trained in, and reminded of
the provisions in this emergency response plan, communication systems, and evacuation
routes. This plan shall be reviewed and revised semiannually by the HSO, or whenever a
change in operations or procedures that would affect this Plan. Any changes to the
Emergency Response Plan will at a minimum necessitate revised training to the
Emergency Response Team. Refresher training on this Emergency Response Plan will
be conducted at a minimum annually.
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The following situations would warrant implementation of the Emergency Response and
Contingency Plan (ERCP):
Fire/Explosion
Spill or Release of
Hazardous Materials
Natural Disaster
Medical Emergency
• The potential for human injury exists
• Toxic fumes or vapors are released
• The fire could spread on site or off site and possibly
ignite other flammable materials or cause heat-induced
explosions
• The use of water and/or chemical fire suppressants could
result in contaminated run-off
• An imminent danger of explosion exists
• The spill could result in the release of flammable liquids
or vapors, thus causing a fire or gas explosion hazard
• The spill could cause the release of toxic liquids or fumes
in sufficient quantities or in a manner that is hazardous to
or could endanger human health
• A rain storm exceeds the flash flood level
• The facility is in a projected tornado path or a tornado
has damaged facility property
• Severe wind gusts are forecasted or have occurred and
have caused damage to the facility
• Overexposure to hazardous materials
• Trauma injunes (broken bones, severe
lacerations/bleeding, bums)
• Eye/skin contact with hazardous materials
• Loss of consciousness
• Heat stress (Heat stroke)
• Cold stress (Hypothermia)
• Heart attack
• Respiratory failure
• Allergic reaction
The following measures will be taken to assure the availability of adequate equipment
and manpower resources:
• Sufficient equipment and materials will be kept on site and dedicated for emergencies
only. The inventory will be replenished after each use.
• On-site emergency responders will be current in regards to training and medical
surveillance programs. Copies of all applicable certificates will be kept on file for on-
site personnel required to respond.
• It will be the responsibility of the on-site emergency coordinator to brief the on-site
response team on anticipated hazards at the site. The on-site emergency coordinator
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Emergency Response Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
shall also be responsible for anticipating and requesting equipment that will be
needed for response activities.
• Emergency response activities will be coordinated with · the Warren County
Emergency Management Agency (EMA) in compliance with SARA Title III
requirements.
Communications will be established prior to commencement of any act1v1t1es at the
remediation site. Communication on-site will be conducted through the use of two-way
radios. At a minimum, the Site Manager (SM), HSO, NCDENR representative, security
guard, and one individual from each area of operations will have a two-way radio. This
allows for all personnel on site to be accessible to all pertinent information and allow
them the ability to conduct their activities in a safe and healthful manner. The site will be
equipped with a centralized emergency siren that can be heard across the entire site. The
siren will be used in the unlikely event of a site wide evacuation. Air horns may also be
used to alert personnel of emergency conditions. A telephone will be located at the
command post to summon assistance in an emergency.
Primary communication with local responders in the event of an emergency will be
accomplished using commercial telephone lines.
2.1 Emergency Recognition and Prevention
Because unrecognized hazards may result in emergency incidents, it will be the
responsibility of the SM and HSO to designate personnel to perform:
• daily (visual/informal)and weekly (formal) site inspections,
• conduct daily safety meetings, and
• job safety analyses prior to conducting any new activities.
To recognize and identify all hazards that are found at the site it will be the responsibility
of the designated personnel to develop daily and weekly inspection forms for their
specific work areas these may include:
Chemical Hazards • Materials at the site
• Materials brought to the site
• Fire/explosion
Physical Hazards • Slip/trip/fall
• Electrocution
• Confined space
• IDLH atmospheres
• Excessive noise
• Heavy equipment
Mechanical Hazards • Stored energy system
• Pinch points
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• Electrical equipment
• Vehicle traffic
• Electrical Storms
Environmental Hazards • High winds
• Heavy Rain/Snow
• Temperature Extremes (Heat/Cold
Stress)
• Poisonous Plants/ Animals
Once a hazard has been recognized, the SM and/or the HSO will take immediate action to
prevent the hazard from becoming an emergency. This may be accomplished by the
following:
• Daily safety meeting
• Task-specific training prior to commencement of activity
• Lock-out/Tag-out
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) selection/use
• Written and approved permits for hot work, confined space
• Air monitoring
• Following all standard operating procedures
• Practice drills for fire, medical emergency, and hazardous substances spills
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3.0 PERSONNEL ROLES AND LINES OF AUTHORITY AND
COMMUNICATION
The SM, HSO, and/or the on-site emergency coordinator, have primary responsibility for
responding to and correcting emergency situations. This includes taking appropriate
measures to ensure the safety of site personnel and the public. Possible actions may
involve discontinuing site activities and evacuating personnel from the site. Additionally,
the SM, HSO and/or on-site emergency coordinator will be responsible for ensuring that
corrective measures have been implemented, appropriate authorities notified, and follow-
up reports completed.
The SM, HSO and/or on-site emergency coordinator will implement the Emergency
Response Plan immediately as required. The decision to implement the plan will depend
upon whether the actual incident threatens human health or the environment. Immediately
after being notified of an emergency incident, the on-site emergency coordinator will
evaluate the situation to determine the appropriate action. Table 3.1 provides a list of
agencies and telephone numbers in case of an emergency.
In the event of an actual emergency or near-accident-miss, a formal investigation and
critique of the incident will be conducted by the Project Manager (PM), SM, HSO,
NCDENR representative, personnel directly involved with the event and the response
team personnel. The investigation will include a detail evaluation of the cause of the
incident, a critique of the emergency response procedures implemented, and corrective
actions to be taken. A formal report summarizing the event including a lessons learned
summary will be presented to the site crew at the daily safety meetings.
3.1 Responsibilities and Duties
It is recognized that the structure of the "Incident Command System" will change as
additional response organizations are added. The prime contractor's on-site emergency
coordinator will follow procedures as directed by the Warrenton Rural County Fire
Department, Warren County EMS, Warren County Hazmat Response, state and federal
agencies as required. The prime contractor's on-site emergency coordinator will defer to
the Warrenton Rural County Fire Department chief to assume the role of Incident
Commander upon arriving on site. Additional on-site personnel may be added to the Site
Emergency Response Team as required to respond effectively.
3.2 On-Site Emergency Coordinator Duties
The on-site emergency coordinator is responsible for implementing and directing the
emergency procedures. All emergency personnel and their communications will be
coordinated through the on-site emergency coordinator. Specific duties are as follows:
• Identify the source and character of the incident, type and quantity of any release.
Assess possible hazards to human health or the environment that may result directly
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from the problem or its control.
• Discontinue operations in the vicinity of the incident if necessary to ensure that fires,
explosions, or spills do not recur or spread to other parts of the site. While operations
are dormant, monitor for leaks, pressure build-up, gas generation, or ruptures in
valves, pipes, or other equipment, where appropriate.
• Notify local Emergency Response Teams if their help is necessary to control the
incident. Table 3.1 provides telephone numbers for emergency assistance.
• Direct on-site personnel to control the incident until, if necessary, outside help
arnves.
• Ensure that the building or area where the incident occurred and the surrounding area
are evacuated and shut off possible ignition sources, if appropriate. The Emergency
Response Team is responsible for directing site personnel such that they avoid the
area of the incident and leave emergency control procedures unobstructed.
• If fire or explosion is involved, notify Warrenton Rural County Fire Department. (call
911)
• Notify NCDENR Project Manager
• Notify Project Manager
• Have protected personnel, in appropriate PPE, on standby for rescue.
If the incident may threaten human health or the environment outside of the site, the
emergency coordinator should immediately determine whether evacuation of the area
outside of the site may be necessary and, if so, notify the Sheriffs Department and the
County HAZMAT Response. (Both can be contacted by dialing 911)
When required, notify the National Response Center. The following information should
be provided to the National Response Center:
• Name and telephone number
• Name and address of facility
• Time and type of incident
• Name and quantity of materials involved, if known
• Extent of injuries
• Possible hazards to human health or the environment outside of the facility.
The emergency telephone number for the National Response Center is 1 800-424-
8802.
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TABLE 3.1
WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL DETOXIFICATION PROJECT
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS
Local Agencies
Warrenton Rural County Fire Department
Police (Warren County Sheriff)
Warren County EMS -Ambulance Service/Paramedics
Hospital -Maria Parham Hospital -566 Ruin Creek Rd.
Henderson, North Carolina
Directions:
Leave site by main gate. Tum right onto State Rd 1604. At the stop sign
tum right onto US 401 and travel north. At the first stoplight in Warrenton
tum left onto State Rd 1001 and travel to Henderson passing under U.S.
Route I. At the first stop light in Henderson tum left onto Business U.S. Rt.
1. At first stoplight tum right and follow the signs for access to Interstate 85.
Enter 1-85 travelling south. Take the Ruin Creek exit; tum right off exit ramp.
Maria Parham Hospital is on the left. Tum left almost immediately onto
access road for Hospital. Proceed to the Emergency Room.
County Hazinat Response
Regional Poison Center
NCDENR Division of Waste Management
Toxic Substance Control Act Region IV
North Carolina Department of Environmental Management
North Carolina Division of Emergency Management
Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Center
National Response Center
Center for Disease Control
CHEMTREC
Oil Spill Hotline
Prime Contractor:
Office
24-hour number/contact
Project Safety Manager
Site Safety Manager
Site Manager
Project Manager
Subcontractor:
Office
24-hour number/contact
Project Safety Manager
Site Safety Manager
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911 or 252-257-3104
911 or 252-257-3364
911 or 252-257-2616
252-438-4143
911 or 252-257-3456
800-848-6946
919-733-4996 ext. 308
919-733-2314
404-562-8990
919-733-3867
800-564-7577
800-424-8802
404-488-4100
800-424-9300
404-562-8700
To be provided
To be provided
Final / March 2000
Emergency Response Plan Warren County PCB Landfill
If hazardous waste has been released or produced through control of the incident, ensure
that:
• Waste is collected and contained.
• Containers of waste are removed or isolated from the immediate site of the
emergency.
• Treatment or storage of the recovered waste, contaminated soil or surface water, or
any other material that results from the incident or its control is provided.
• Ensure that no waste that is incompatible with released material is treated or stored in
the facility until cleanup procedures are completed.
• Ensure that all emergency equipment used is decontaminated, recharged, and fit for
its intended use before operations are resumed.
• Notify the NCDENR Project Manager that cleanup procedures have been completed
and that all emergency equipment is fit for its intended use before resuming
operations in the affected area of the facility. The NCDENR Project Manager's
telephone number is included in Table 3.1, Emergency Telephone Numbers.
• Record time, date, and details of the incident, and submit a written report to the
NCDENR Project Manager. Report is due to NCDENR within 15 days of the
incident.
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4.0 EVACUATION ROUTES AND PROCEDURES
All emergencies require prompt and deliberate action. In the event of an emergency, it
will be necessary to follow an established set of procedures. Such established procedure
will be followed as closely as possible. However, in specific emergency situations, the
on-site emergency coordinator may deviate from the procedures to provide a more
effective plan for bringing the situation under control. The on-site emergency coordinator
and/or their designee are responsible for determining which situations require site
evacuation.
4.1 Safe Distances and Places of Refuge
No single recommendation can be made for evacuation or safe distances because of the
wide variety of emergencies, which could occur. Safe distances can only be determined at
the time of an emergency based on a combination of site and incident-specific criteria.
However, the following measures are established to serve as general guidelines.
In the event of minor hazardous materials releases (small spills of low toxicity), workers
in the affected area will report initially to the contamination reduction zone. Small spills
or leaks (generally less than 55 gallons) may require initial evacuation. The evacuation
limits will be determined based upon real time air monitoring, preformed by the HSO or
qualified designatee. After initial assessment of the extent of the release and potential
hazards, the on-scene emergency coordinator will determine the specific boundaries for
evacuation. Appropriate steps such as caution tape, rope, traffic cones, barricades, or
personal monitors will be used to secure the boundaries.
In the event of a major hazardous material release (large spill of high toxicity/greater than
55 gallons), workers will be evacuated from the building/area or if situation warrants the
site. Workers will assemble at their respective crew trailer, entrance to the site (security
gate), or alternate upwind location for a head count by their foreman and to await further
instruction. The specific location will be predicated by the potential threat to the health
and safety of the workers.
If an incident may threaten the health or safety of the surrounding community, the on-site
emergency coordinator will contact the proper agencies informing them of the
Contractor's recommendation to evacuate the public. The proper agencies will instruct
the public regarding the need to evacuate the area and where to congregate. Telephone
numbers are listed in Table 3.1.
Places of refuge will be established prior to the commencement of activities. These areas
must be identified for the following incidents:
• Chemical release
• Fire/explosion
• Power loss
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• Medical emergency
• Hazardous weather
In general, evacuation will be made to the crew trailers, unless the on-site emergency
coordinator determines otherwise. It is the responsibility of the on-site emergency
coordinator to determine when it is necessary to evacuate personnel to an off-site
location.
In the event of an emergency evacuation, all the employees will gather at the entrance to
the site (security gate) or alternate upwind location until a head count establishes that all
are present and accounted for. No one is to leave the site without notifying the on-site
emergency coordinator.
4.2 Evacuation Signals and Routes
Initial communication will be conducted via two-way radios. Should an evacuation of
the site be necessary, a siren suitable of being heard and/or blinking light suitable of
being seen '"'ill be used to notify employees of the necessity to evacuate the site. The on-
site emergency coordinator will monitor the site for emergencies. Only the on-site
emergency coordinator will initiate total site evacuation, however, in his absence, a
decision to preserve the health and safety of employees will take precedence. Evacuation
routes will be posted in each outside work area. Signs will also be posted inside of
trailer/buildings at exit doors and walls that are easily accessible. At a minimum, semi-
annual drills will be conducted to familiarize each employee with the proper routes and
procedures.
4.3 Evacuation Procedures
In the event evacuation is necessary, the following actions will be taken:
• The emergency signal will be activated.
• The security guard at the front gate will be notified and no further entry of
visitors, contractors, or trucks will be permitted. Vehicle traffic within the site
will cease in order to allow safe exiting of personnel and movement of emergency
equipment.
• Shut off machinery if safe to do so.
• All on-site personnel, visitors, and contractors in the support zone will assemble
at the entrance to the site (Security Gate) for a head count and await further
instruction from the on-site emergency coordinator.
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• Their immediate supervisor ( e.g. plant operator, treatment operator) will account
for all persons in the exclusion zone. The supervisor will determine the safest
employee exits employees and will also choose an alternate exit if the first choice
is inaccessible.
• During exiting, the supervisor should try to keep the group together. Immediately
upon exiting, the supervisor will account for all employees in his crew.
• Upon completion of the head count, the supervisor will provide the information to
the on-site emergency coordinator.
• Contract personnel and visitors will also be accounted for.
• The names of emergency response team members involved will be reported to the
on-site emergency coordinator.
• The on-site emergency coordinator or his designee will make a final tally of
personnel. No attempt will be made to find personnel not accounted for if it will
involve endangering the lives of contract employees, subcontract employees, or
other employees by re-entry into the emergency area.
• In all questions of accountability, immediate crew leaders will be held responsible
for those persons reporting to them. Visitors will be the responsibility of those
employees they are seeing. Contractors and truck drivers are the responsibility of
the site manager or designee. The security guard will aid in accounting for
visitors, contractors, and truckers by reference to sign-in sheets available from the
security gate.
• Personnel will be assigned by the on-site emergency coordinator to be available at
the main security gate to direct and brief emergency responders.
• Re-entry into the site will be made only after the on-site emergency coordinator
gives clearance. At his direction, a signal or other notification will be given for re-
entry into the facility.
• Semi-annual drills, at a minimum, will be conducted to practice all of these
procedures and will be treated with the same seriousness as an actual emergency.
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5.0 EMERGENCY SPILL RESPONSE PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT
In the event of an emergency involving a hazardous material spill or release, the
following general procedures will be used for rapid and safe response and control of the
situation. Emergency contacts found in Table 3.1 provide a quick reference guide to
follow in the event of a major spill.
5.1 Notification Procedures
If an employee discovers a chemical spill or process upset resulting in a vapor or material
release, he or she will immediately notify the on-site emergency coordinator. The on-site
emergency coordinator will obtain information pertaining to the following:
• The material spilled or released
• Location of the release or spillage of hazardous material
• An estimate of quantity released and the rate at which it is being released
• The direction in which the spill, vapor or smoke release is heading
• Any injuries involved
• Fire and/or explosion or possibility of these events
• The area and materials involved and the intensity of the fire or explosion
The information will help the on-site emergency coordinator to assess the magnitude and
potential seriousness of the spill or release.
5.2 Procedure for Containing/Collecting Spills
The initial response to any spill or discharge will be to protect human health and safety,
and then the environment.
If for some reason a chemical spill is not contained within a dike or sump area, an area of
isolation will be established around the spill. The size of the area will generally depend
on the size of the spill and the materials involved. If the spill is large (greater than 55
gallons) and involves a tank or a pipeline rupture, an initial isolation up wind of the spill
area will occur. The HSO or designee using real-time direct air monitoring equipment
will determine the appropriate evacuation distance and personnel protective equipment
requirements. Small spills (less than or equal to 55 gallons) or leaks from a tank or pipe
will require be handled similarly as to large spills. An initial evacuation upwind of the
spill will occur, and the evacuation area will be predicated upon direct air reading
instrumentations. When any spill occurs, only those persons involved in overseeing or
performing emergency operations will be allowed within the designated hazard area. If
possible the area will be roped or otherwise blocked off.
If the spill results in the formation of a toxic vapor cloud (by reaction with surrounding
materials or by outbreak of fire) and its release ( due to high vapor pressures under
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ambient conditions), further evacuation will be enforced. In general an area at least 500
ft. wide and 1,000 ft. long will be evacuated downwind if volatile materials are spilled.
(Consult the DOT Emergency Response Guide for isolation distanced for listed
hazardous materials.)
If an incident may threaten the health or safety of the surrounding community, the public
will be informed and possibly evacuated from the area. The on-site emergency
coordinator will inform the County HAZMA T Response Agency and any other
applicable agencies in the event this is necessary (Refer to Table 3 .1)
As called for in regulations developed under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response Compensation Liability Act of 1980 (Superfund), the prime contractor's
practice shall be to report a spill of a pound or more of any hazardous material for which
a reportable quantity has not been established and which is listed under the Solid Waste
Disposal Act, Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, or TSCA. The prime contractor will also
follow the same practice for any substances not listed in the Acts noted above but which
can be classified as a hazardous waste under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA).
Clean up personnel will take the following measures:
• Make sure all unnecessary persons are removed from the hazard area.
• Put on protective clothing and equipment.
• If a flammable material is involved, remove all ignition sources, and use spark
and explosion proof equipment for recovery of material.
• Remove all surrounding materials that could be especially reactive with materials
in the waste. Determine the major components in the waste at the time of the spill.
• If wastes reach a storm sewer, try to dam the outfall by using sand, earth,
sandbags, etc. If this is done, pump this material out into a temporary holding tank
or drums as soon as possible.
• Place all small quantities of recovered liquid wastes (55 gallons or less) and
contaminated soil into drums for treatment on site, incineration or removal to an
approved disposal site.
• Apply appropriate spill control media ( e.g. clay, sand, lime, etc.) to absorb
discharged liquids.
• For large spills, establish diking around leading edge of spill using booms, sand,
clay or other appropriated material. If possible, use diaphragm pump( s) to transfer
discharged liquid to drums or a holding tank.
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5.3 Emergency Response Equipment
The following equipment will be staged in the support zone and throughout the site, as
needed, to provide for safety and first aid during emergency responses. Emergency
eyewash equipment must meet ANSI Standards:
• ABC-type fire extinguisher
• First-aid kit, industrial size
• Eyewash/safety shower
• Emergency signal horn
In addition to the equipment listed above, the prime contractor will use appropriate direct
reading instrumentation(s) in emergency situations to assess the degree of environmental
hazard. The HSO or other specially trained personnel will only use this equipment. This
equipment will be stored, charged and ready for immediate use in evaluating hazardous
chemical concentrations. The equipment will be located at the prime contractors office
trailer and/or health and safety trailer.
EQUIPMENT NAME APPLICATION
Portable H-NU Photoionization Meter and/or Measures selected . . and morgan1c
Flame-ionization Meter (FID) organic chemical concentrations
MSA Oxygen and Combustible Gas Meter Measures oxygen and combustible
gas levels
Direct Reading Colormetric Indicator Tubes, i.e. Measure hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen Cyanide concentration in air
Real Time Aerosol Monitor Measures dust emissions
Hydrogen Sulfide Meter Measures hydrogen sulfide
concentrations in air
5.4 Personal Protective Equipment
A supply of two (minimum) self contained breathing apparatus (SCBAs) will be located
in a designated area on site for use in emergency response to hazardous materials
releases. They will be inspected at least monthly, according to OSHA requirements. In
addition, all emergency response personnel will have respirators available for use with
cartridge selection determined by the HSO based on the results of direct reading
instruments. Emergency response personnel will also be provided with protective
clothing as warranted by the nature of the hazardous material and as directed by the HSO.
Respirators can only be worn when the levels of contamination are known. The two
primary contaminants of concern for the site are PCBs and dioxin/furans, which can not
be measured by, direct instrument readings. A calculation (See Health and Safety Plan)
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was performed to determine the highest possible airborne concentrations of PCBs and
dioxin/furans based upon the known highest level of concentrations of these
contaminants in the landfill materials. The calculation determined that the permissible
exposure limits for PCBs and dioxin/furans would not be exceeded before the dust
emission permissible exposure limit was exceeded. Therefore, for airborne PCBs and
dioxin/furans resulting from dusting operations, the real-time aerosol dust monitors can
be used to protect employees from exposure.
5.5 Emergency Spill Response Clean-Up Materials and Equipment
The contractor will specify and provide a sufficient supply of appropriate emergency
response clean-up materials and personal protective equipment for the project. The
quantities and types of materials and equipment will be appropriately matched to
correspond to the activities being conducted on-site. The contractor will inventory and
inspect visually, the emergency response materials and equipment on a weekly basis.
The materials listed below may be kept on site for spill control, depending on the types of
hazardous materials present on site. The majority of this material will be located in the
decon trailer and/or storage area for health and safety supplies.
The following equipment will be kept on site and dedicated for spill cleanup:
• All-purpose spill kit -to solidify/absorb liquid spills.
• Plastic shovels for recovering corrosive and flammable materials.
• Sausage-shaped absorbent booms for diking liquid spills, drains, or sewers.
• Sorbent sheets (diapers) for absorbing liquid spills.
• 5 5 gallon drums for containment.
• Overpack drums for secondary containment.
• Flammable/corrosive stickers/labels.
* NOTE: All contaminated soils, absorbent materials, solvents and other materials
resulting form the clean-up of spilled or discharged substances shall be properly
stored, labeled, and either processed on-site or disposed of off-site.
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6.0 MEDICAL EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY MEASURES
The procedures listed below will be used to respond to medical emergencies. The HSO
will contact the Warren County EMS and/or Maria Parham Hospital (local hospital) and
inform them of the site hazards and potential emergency situations. A minimum of two
First-Aid/CPR trained personnel will be maintained on site.
6.1 Response
The nearest workers will immediately assist a person who shows signs of medical distress
or who is involved in an accident. The work supervisor will be summoned.
The work supervisor will immediately make contact with the on-site emergency
coordinator to alert him of a medical emergency situation. The supervisor will advise the
following information:
• Location of the victim at the work site,
• Nature of the emergency,
• Whether the victim is conscious, and
• Specific conditions contributing to the emergency, if known.
The on-site emergency coordinator will notify the HSO. The following action will then
be taken depending on the severity of the incident:
• Life-Threatening Incident -If an apparent life-threatening condition exists, the
supervisor will inform the on-site emergency coordinator by two-way radio and
contact the Warren County Emergency Response Services (EMS) by phone
immediately. An on-site person will be appointed who will meet the EMS at the
security gate and have him/her quickly taken to the victim. Qualified personnel will
evacuate an injured person within the EZ to a clean area for treatment by EMS
personnel.
• Non Life-Threatening Incident -If it is determined that no threat to life is present, the
HSO will direct the injured person through the decontamination procedures (see
below) appropriate to the nature of the illness or accident. Appropriate first aid or
medical attention will then be administered.
* NOTE: The area surrounding an accident site must not be disturbed until the HSO/
onsite emergency coordinator has given clearance.
Any personnel requiring emergency medical attention will be evacuated from exclusion
and contamination reduction zones if doing so would not endanger the life of the injured
person or otherwise aggravates the injury. Personnel will not enter the area to attempt a
rescue if their own lives would be threatened. The decision whether or not to
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decontaminate a victim prior to evacuation is based on the type and severity of the illness
or injury and the nature of the contaminant. For some emergency victims, immediate
decontamination may be an essential part of life-saving first aid. For others,
decontamination may aggravate the injury or delay life-saving first aid. Decontamination
will be performed if it does not interfere with essential treatment.
If decontamination can be performed, observe the following procedures:
• Wash external clothing and cut it away.
If decontamination cannot be performed, observe the following procedures:
• Wrap the victim in blankets or plastic to reduce contamination of other personnel.
• Alert emergency and off-site medical personnel to potential contamination;
instruct them about specific decontamination procedures.
• Send site personnel familiar with the incident and chemical safety information,
e.g. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), with the effected person.
All injuries, no matter how small, will be reported to the HSO or the SM. An
accident/injury/illness report will be completely and properly filled out and submitted to
the Corporate Health and Safety Officer (CSHO)/Project Certified Industrial Hygienist
(CIH), in accordance with the Contractor's and NCDENR's reporting procedures.
A list of emergency telephone numbers is given in Table 3.1.
6.2 Notification
The following personnel/agencies will be notified in the event of a medical emergency:
• Warrenton Rural County Fire Department
• Warren County EMS
• Maria Parham Hospital (local hospital)
• On-Site Emergency Coordinator
• Workers in the affected areas
• NCDENR Representative (Project Manager)
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7.0 FIRE CONTINGENCY MEASURES
Generally the prime contractor's personnel and subcontractors are not trained
professional firefighters. Therefore, if there is any doubt that a fire cannot be quickly
contained and extinguished, personnel will notify the on-site emergency coordinator by
two-way radio and vacate the structure or area. The on-site emergency coordinator will
immediately notify the Warrenton Rural County Fire Department.
The following procedures will be used to prevent the possibility of fires and resulting
mJunes:
• Sources of ignition will be kept away from where flammable materials are handled or
stored.
• The air will be monitored for explosivity before and during hot work and periodically
where flammable materials are present. Hot work permits will be required for all such
work.
• "No smoking" signs will be conspicuously posted in areas where flammable materials
are present.
• Fire extinguishers will be placed in all areas where flammable materials are present.
• Before workers begin new operations or operations in new area the HSO will give
instruction on egress procedures and assembly points. Egress routes will be posted in
work areas and exit points clearly marked.
7.1 Response
The following procedures will be used in the event of a fire:
• Anyone who sees a fire will notify his or her supervisor who will then contact the
on-site emergency coordinator by radio. The on-site emergency coordinator will
activate the emergency response procedures and contact the Warrenton Rural
County Fire Department.
• Should a site wide evacuation be necessary, the emergency siren will sound,
workers will turn-off equipment in use (if possible) and proceed to the designated
meeting location (security gate) or alternate upwind location.
• Work crews will be comprised of pairs of workers (buddy system) who join each
other immediately after hearing the evacuation siren and remain together
throughout the emergency. Workers will assemble at a predetermined rally point
for a head count.
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• When a worker has extinguished a small fire, the on-site emergency coordinator
will be notified.
7.2 Notification
The following personnel/agencies will be notified in the event of a fire:
• Warrenton Rural County Fire Department
• Prime contractor employees and subcontractors
• NCDENR Representative (Project Manager)
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8.0 HAZARDOUS WEATHER CONTINGENCY MEASURES
Operations will not be started or continued in open areas when the following hazardous
weather conditions are present:
• Lightning
• Heavy Rains/Snow/Ice
• High Winds
8.1 Response
• All equipment will be shut down and secured to prevent damage.
• Personnel will be moved to safe refuge. The on-site emergency coordinator will
determine when it is necessary to evacuate personnel to off-site locations and will
coordinate efforts with fire, police and other agencies.
8.2 Notification
The on-site emergency coordinator will be responsible for assessing hazardous weather
conditions and notifying personnel of specific contingency measures. Should hazardous
weather conditions cause an emergency than the following people will be notified:
• Prime contractor employees and subcontractors,
• NCDENR Representative (Project Manager), and
• Warren County Emergency Management Agency.
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9.0 SPILL/RELEASE CONTINGENCY MEASURES
In the event of release or spill of hazardous material the following measures will be
taken.
9.1 Response and Notification
Any person observing a spill or release will act to remove and/or protect
injured/contaminated persons from any life-threatening situation. First aid and/or
decontamination procedures will be implemented as appropriate.
First aid will be administered to injured/contaminated personnel. Unsuspecting
persons/vehicles will be warned of the hazard. All personnel will act to prevent any
unsuspecting persons from coming in contact with spilled materials by alerting other
nearby persons. Without taking unnecessary risks, personnel will attempt to stop the spill
at the source. This may involve activities such as up-righting a drum, closing a valve or
temporarily sealing a hole with a plug.
Utilizing two-way radios to communicate, the on-site emergency coordinator will be
notified of the spill/release, including information on material spilled quantity, personnel
injuries and immediate life threatening hazards. The on-site emergency coordinator and
HSO will determine the potential impact on the surrounding community and implement
air monitoring. Notification procedures will be followed to inform on-site personnel and
off-site agencies. The on-site emergency coordinator will make a rapid assessment of the
spill/release and direct confinement, containment and control measures. Depending upon
the nature of the spill, measures may include:
• Construction of a temporary containment berm utilizing on-site clay absorbent
earth,
• Digging a sump, installing a polyethylene liner,
• Diverting the spill material into the sump placing drums under the leak to collect
the spilling material before it flows over the ground.
• Transferring the material from its original container to another container.
The on-site emergency coordinator will notify the NCDENR Representative of the spill
and steps taken to institute clean up. Emergency response personnel will clean up all
spills following the spill clean-up plan developed by the on-site emergency coordinator.
Supplies necessary to clean up a spill will be immediately available on-site. Such items
may include, but are not limited to:
• Shovel, rake
• Absorbent
• All Purpose Spill Kit
• Personal safety equipment
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• Steel drums
• Pumps and miscellaneous hand tools
The major supply of material and equipment will be located in the Support Zone. Smaller
supplies will be kept at active work locations. The on-site emergency coordinator will
inspect the spill site to determine that the spill has been cleaned up to the satisfaction of
the NCDENR. If necessary, soil, water or air samples may be taken and analyzed to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the spill clean-up effort. The on-site emergency
coordinator will determine the cause of the spill and determine remedial steps to ensure
that recurrence is prevented. The on-site emergency coordinator will review the cause
with the NCDENR and obtain his concurrence with the remedial action plan.
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