NCD980602163_19990712_Warren County PCB Landfill_SERB C_Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule-OCR

WARREN COUNTY
PCB LANDFILL
DETOXIFICATION DESIGN WORK
PLAN AND SCHEDULE
Prepared for:
North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
E ra'V'ire>.-. ... e ... t.a•,. ■ rac-
BF A Environmental Consultants
Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc.
July 1999
--..iai. i:lu
Environmental, Inc.
July 12, 1999
Ms. Patricia M Backus
PCB Landfill Manager
North Carolina Department of Environment
And Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
P.O. Box 29603
Raleigh, NC 27611-9603
RE: Phase III Final Design
Detoxification of the PCB Landfill-Warren County
NCDENR Contract # N9008
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule
Dear Ms. Backus:
Providing creative environmental solutions
Enclosed are three copies of ETG Environmental, Inc.' s final Detoxification Design Work Plan and
Schedule. The comments provided by NCDENR have been incorporated into this final submittal. The
project schedule contained in the Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule was modified to reflect
critical path items. Of particular concern is the survey data for the site, which you stated would not be
completed until sometime in August. At our Monthly Progress Meeting scheduled July 27, 1999, we can
discuss the schedule and survey progress to determine if any changes to the project schedule are warranted
Should you have any additional comments concerning this submittal or any other issues please contact me
at your earliest convenience.
Very Truly Yours,
?::~ck~sZ,~·
Project Manager
Enclosures
CC: H. Master, ETG
S. Detwiler, ETG
P. Barnes, BF A
T. Hortenstine, BF A
D. Melancon, BFA
Project File C-4040
16 Hagerty Boulevard, West Chester: PA 19382-7594 • [phone] • Fax [phone]
• < Task Name Task 1 Projec1 Definition, Planning and Scoping ~ Monll/3/99 F.!!!!!!L_ Frt 114/119 May Jun Jul WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL FINAL DESIGN -BCD DETOXIFICATION Aug Sep I I Wed 5/28/991~♦)00% I -·-·--Frl8/4/99~♦)100% k. =-c-::-~::-====--.::;;;;~.:,;-;;;.;;;;;;;;;;;:dDatai...i;;,1-r;;;i·iii··i,i· it· r;wweecdtill3WUOlfflffi 1.1 Project Initiation (Co""lllete) 12 Scope Development (C0-18) Task 2 Data Colleollon, AnalySls & BaOkground Data Review Mon 5/3/99 Mon 5/3/99 Tue 111/ff 2.1 Landftl Features and Relationship to Detoxification 2.2 Appicable SOP'>, Rules and Regulations Task a Detoxification and Pro-• Design 3.1 Sit8 Ind NOi SUrvey 3.1.1 SUrvey Perfonnod 3.2 Site Geotechnlcal Evaluation 3.2.1 Geotechnlcal Perfonned 3.3 Site Layout and Logistics (Preininary) 3.4 Infrastructure l111)1'0V8ffl8nts 3.5 StormNater Management 3.e Excavation Process DHliJ'I 3.7 PCB Solt Treatment Process Design 3.8 Confirmation/ Verification Saff1)1ng 3.9 Backtllng and Final Grading Task 4 Site Recl1m1tlon 4 .1 Conminlty Reuse Plan Meetings 4.2 Regulatory Coor<lnatlon Task I Projec1 Wor1< Plans and Dellverablu 5. 1 Detoxtflcation Dellon Wort< Plan and Schedule 5.2 Conm,nfty lnvolvament Plan 5.3 Project Health and Safety Plan✓ 5.-4 Performance Demonstration Plan -~ 11,.J,., '-5.5 Nr Monitoring Plan V 5 .8 Site Operations Plan -t) ~ ·r -, v--' c o >'L 5.7 Qualty Assurance Plan 5.8 Final Verification I Conflrmiltion Sa111)1lng Plan _ f-, u t,,. v ....,_ 5.9 construction _auaRty Assurance Project Plan _ led 5.10 Emergency Response Plan V 5.11 Fln1IDeslonRepcrt -·c...o,.,,r,,c.Jr -5.12 Deslon Plans (Drawings) and Specifications ::;: ,;, "EJ b,, I Task I Permitting Asslstanoe PROJECT MEETlNOS Project NORTHCAROLINA Da1e: Tue 11 /30/99 Task Sunvnary • Wed 8/2/99 Tue 8/15/99 ~~)00% Tue 8/1/99 I Wed 8/30/99 Thu 7/1/ff I Frt 12/31/99 Thu 7/1199 I Fri 8/27199 Thu 7/1/99 Wed 9/8/99 100% Thu 7/1/99 Fri 9/3/99 Fri 9/3/99 Fri 9/3/99 Thu 9/9/99 Wed 11/10/99 Wed 9/8/99 Fri 12/24/99 Tue 9/21/99 Fri 12/24/99 Mon 9/27/99 Tue 12/14/99 Mon 9/27/99 Tue 12/21/99 Mon 9/27/99 Fri 12/17/99 Mon 12/20/99 Fri 12/31/99 Mon 15/S1/ff Frt 12/31/tt Mon 5/31/99 Fri 12/31/99 ·········••········•···•·•·••··•·•·•··••·•·· ·······················-··················· \ . ' ' ........................................ . Tua 8/1/99 Fri 12/31/99 Wed II/It/ff Thu 1/27/00 Wed 5/19/99 Mon 7/12/99 ~ 100% Wed 5/19/99 Fri 12/31/99 Wed 7/14/99 Fri 11/28/99 Thu 11/4/99 Wed 1/12100 Mon 9/13/99 Fri 1f7/00 Mon 9/13/99 Tue 1/25/00 Fri 11/5/99 Mon 1111100 Fri 11/12/99 Fri 1/14/00 Wed 10/13/99 Thu 1/27/00 Mon 8/2/99 Fri 12/24/99 Mon 11/1/99 Thu 1/27/00 Thu 8/28/99 Thu 1/27/00 Tue 1/1/99 Frt 12/31/99 Tue 7/27/ff Frt 12/3/99 * * • Critical Tesk -OeRverables • Task ~ Spit Progress Meeting * *: ETG Environmental, Inc. / Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc. Oct Nov Dec ,100% 100% :!) 10%: ~ 10%: 0% •J,10% 10% IC% 10% 10% 711% • • • • •I • IOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ~ 111% Jan 10% ►·•··········································································································· ······················································································•-···················· 10% ............ ··················· -: --·--: ~·~ ~ ----1~% ·~ * * Feb
WARREN COUNTY
PCB LANDFILL
DETOXIFICATION DESIGN WORK
PLAN AND SCHEDULE
Prepared for:
North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
E .. -,.rire>.,.me.,.t.-•,,. ■rac_
BF A Environmental Consultants
Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc.
July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule
Detoxification Design
And Schedule
Warren County Landfill
1.0 OveJView ............................................................................................................... 1
2.0 Project Scope of Work ........................................................................................... 2
2.1 Project Initiation & Standard Operating Procedures ..................................... 2
2.2 Pertinent Data Collection, Analysis and Background Data Review ............... 2
2.3 Site Layout and Logistics ............................................................................. 3
2.4 Construction/Treatment Process Design ....................................................... 3
2.5 Backfill and Final Restoration ...................................................................... 4
2.6 Health and Safety ......................................................................................... 5
2. 7 Community Involvement. ............................................................................. 5
3.0 Project Schedule .................................................................................................... 6
Final Design -BCD Detoxification Gantt Chart ............................................ 7
4.0 Project Team/ Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................. 8
4.1 Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................................ 9
Functional Organization Chart ..................................................................... 12
5.0 Cost and Schedule Controls .................................................................................. 13
5 .1 Cost Control. ................................................................................................ 13
5.2 Schedule Control. ......................................................................................... 13
6.0 Project Work Plans and Deliverables ................................................................... 14
Appendix I Attachment A -Scope of Work
Appendix II Phase II Preliminary Design Report
ETG Environmental, Inc. July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
1.0 Overview
The State of North Carolina has selected Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD)
technology to detoxify the PCB and dioxin contaminated materials at the Warren County
Landfill. The State of North Carolina legislature has incorporated the utilization of BCD
for the landfill detoxification into law and has specified the appropriate treatment
standards required for the detoxification of the landfill.
ETG Environmental, Inc (ETG) has been contracted to prepare the final Design
Report and develop a set of final design plans and specifications for the BCD
Detoxification remediation project. ETG has selected Barnes, Ferland and Associates,
Inc. (BF A) as the lead design subcontractor to assist in completion of this project. The
purpose of this Detoxification Design Work Plan is to define the scope of work for the
final design, establish a project and deliverable schedule, and introduce the ETG/BF A final
design team. This Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule satisfies Task 5.1,
Project Work Plans and Deliverables, contained in the Detoxification Design Contract
Attachment A Scope of Work.
ETG Enviromnental, Inc. 1 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
2.0 Project Scope of Work
2.1
The scope of work includes services necessary to develop a final design document and
specifications with sufficient detail such that Request for Proposals can be issued for all
substantial components of this project. The scope of work also includes the development
of various plans necessary for proper execution of the anticipated project activities.
Notwithstanding, it is understood that potential bidder's BCD treatment units are
proprietary and, as such, will vary in operation. The variances in operation will affect all
aspects of the other treatment systems (i.e. water, air and soil), therefore, the emphasis is
on performance and defining performance parameters and mandatory system objectives,
than to specify specific equipment components. It is for this reason that ETG/BF A will be
meeting with key representatives of the State's Division of Waste Management to discuss
necessary design components, review preliminary design reports, and identify substantive
additions to the detoxification design process. The scope of work assumes that two
meetings with the State will be required to accomplish this task.
Proiect Initiation & Standard Operating Procedures
Earlier in June, 1999, a meeting was held with the State and the ETG/BFA team to
identify the Standard Operating Procedures which will be adopted for this project. The
meeting identified the governing bodies, jurisdiction (Superfund, RCRA, TSCA, and
North Carolina's Waste Management statutes) and regulations, permits, applications and
forms that will be applicable for this project. The ETG/BF A team will continually work
with the State to adjust the final design approach to insure the project proceeds in the
most efficient manner for both this phase and the implementation of the detoxification
phase. Monthly meetings for the project will be planned between the State's Project
Manager and ETG/BF A team members to monitor project progress. In conjunction with
these meetings, ETG/BF A will participate at the Citizen Advisory Board (CAB) meetings
as requested by the State to update the citizens of Warren County on the project progress.
2.2 Pertinent Data Collection, Analysis and Background Data Review
The ETG/BFA team will have access to a complete copy of the State's file on the
Landfill. The file will be reviewed to gather a complete understanding of the facility, its
historical operations and design, and the characteristics of the content to implement an
effective and efficient final design.
The final design scope of work does not include fieldwork to collect additional data
and analysis. ETG/BF A will review the available data and recommend to the State if
additional field data should be collected. At the present, there are two areas identified that
ETG/BF A believes additional fieldwork will be required . They are the site survey and
geotechnical work, as discussed and described in the Contract between the State and
ETG. ETG/BFA will develop the scope of work for these services.
ETG Environmental. Inc. 2 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
2.3
2.4
Site Layout and Logistics
The final design will incorporate a facility layout for all stages of the project.
ETG/BF A will determine strategic locations and sizing for the contamination reduction
zones, support areas, treatment areas, decontamination facilities, and storm water
management facilities . Possible future use of the property will be incorporated into the
site restoration/final design. This may include infrastructure systems such as roads,
parking areas, water, electric, buildings and recreational areas.
The site layout will designate the location of the equipment areas and their subbase
requirements. Soil material handling and the flow of the material throughout the process
will be indicated. The types of materials anticipated include:
• PCB contaminated soil;
• PCB contaminated oversize material including, wood debris, ferrous and non ferrous
metals, and impervious materials (e.g. rocks);
• treated soil;
• clean soil;
• recovered organics;
• spent personnel protective equipment;
• spent carbon;
• treated wastes; and
• municipal wastes.
The minimization of dust formation and migration is of the greatest concern. Specific
design parameters and precautions will be incorporated into the final design to address
dust control.
Temporary construction trailers, traffic flow patterns, and future use of the facilities
will be incorporated into the final design. Decontamination pads and containment of the
water will be specified.
Infrastructure improvements including electrical services, water services, and
roadways will be evaluated and incorporated into the design. Particular attention will be
paid to proper drainage and storm water management. Decontamination pads, sumps,
overflows will be specified.
Construction/ Treatment Process Design
The final design will define the construction phases of the project. Excavation details
of the landfill, staging, segregating and backfilling will be included in the final design.
The specific details of the BCD treatment process will be described to the State, as
previously discussed. The BCD treatment system will include solid phase BCD continuous
treatment unit(s), solid phase BCD batch treatment unit(s), and a liquid phase BCD
ETG Environmental, hie. 3 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
treatment system. The vapor recovery system (air pollution control system) and water
treatment system will be described with regard to specific equipment requirements and
their required performance. Specific sizing of equipment will not be specified but will
depend on the specific system as proposed by potential bidders. Discharge limitations will
be specified for each process system (soil, water, and air). Disposal parameters for other
waste streams will be established in the final design.
ETG/BF A will develop a detailed sampling and analysis verification plan for solids and
liquids. An air monitoring plan for personnel, perimeter and stack emissions will be
prepared. Upwind and downwind locations will be selected based upon meteorological
data. Excavation limits will be determined in the field based upon post excavation
sampling, on-site screening, and verification sampling and analysis. An on-site screening
program for the soils will also determine the treatment process ( continuous or batch).
The final design will incorporate a Proof of Performance (POP) plan to verify the
capability of the BCD treatment system to meet the treated soil cleanup criteria and
environmental emission standards. The final design will specify the process parameters to
be monitored to ensure that the daily operation is consistent with the POP operating
conditions.
The water treatment process(es) will have defined sampling and analysis requirements
specified according to the end use (i.e. soil conditioning, dust control).
The monitoring wells surrounding the PCB landfill are sampled semiannually. The
final design will identify if any changes are required to the existing sampling program.
2.5 Backfill and Final Restoration
The final design will detail the backfill and site restoration activities. The CAB will be
involved with planning the reuse for the PCB landfill and surrounding areas. However,
the time frame to fully develop a community reuse plan will most likely extend beyond the
final design phase. Therefore, the backfilling and site restoration plans will to the fullest
extent possible, incorporate the anticipated reuse plans for the facility.
The backfilling plan will incorporate compaction testing and frequency, limits of
backfilling and logistics with the excavation phase of the project so not to interfere with
the excavation and treatment of the contaminated soils or cause concern for cross
contamination. Water reuse to obtain optimum moisture content of the treated soils for
backfilling and storm water management to prohibit cross contamination of water and soils
will be addressed in these plans.
There are two meetings anticipated with the community officials and one with
regulatory officials to review land use restrictions and future land use for the facility.
ETG Environmental. Inc. 4 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
2.6 Health and Safety
Health and safety of the workers and community is a vital part of every ETG/BF A
project. Accordingly, a Health and Safety Plan including an Emergency Response Plan
will be prepared for the project. The plans will mandate applicable safety standards and
practices required for BCD and related systems operations. The plans will delineate
minimum OSHA training and medical monitoring requirements for the workers, outline
minimum safety standards that will be followed at the project site, and emergency
response facilities and procedures.
2.7 Community Involvement
A primary goal of the project is to have the community involved with the project.
Areas that the community involvement plan will address include, but are not limited to,
are:
• Local emergency response support
• Support of local training facilities
• Local hiring
• Local purchasing, and
• Lodging and meals
ETG Environmental. Inc. 5 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
3.0 Project Schedule
The project schedule has duration of five months. Draft submittals will be provided
through out the project to receive comments from State representatives and the CAB .
Monthly meetings are scheduled to review the draft plans, project progress, and to discuss
issues of concern.
Included is a Project schedule in the form of a Gantt Chart for the tasks and activities
to be performed for the final design.
ETG Environmental, Inc. 6 July 1999
Task Name Start Finish Task 1 Project Definition, Planning and Scoping Mon 5/3/99 Fri 6/4/99 1.1 Project Initiation (Complete) Mon 5/3/99 Wed 5/26/99 1.2 Scope Development (Complete) Mon 5/3/99 Fri 6/4/99 Task 2 Data Collection, Analysis & Background Data Review Wed 6/2/99 Wed 6/30/99 2.1 Landfill Features and Relationship to Detoxif!C81ion 2.2 Applicable SOP's, Rules and Regulations Task 3 Detoxification and Process Design 3.1 Site and Area Survey 3.1.1 Survey Performed 3.2 Site Geotechnical Evaluation 3.2.1 Geotechnical Performed 3.3 Site Layout and Logistics (Preliminary) 3.4 Infrastructure Improvements 3.5 Stormwater Management 3.6 Excavation Process Design 3.7 PCB Soil Treatment Process Design 3.8 Confirmation / Verification Sampling 3.9 Backfilling and Final Grading Task 4 Site Reclamation 4.1 Community Reuse Plan Meetings 4.2 Regulatory Coordination Task 5 Project Work Plans and Deliverables 5.1 Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule 5.2 Community Involvement Plan 5.3 Project Health and Safety Plan 5.4 Performance Demonstration Plan 5.5 Ar Monitoring Plan 5.6 Site Operations Plan 5. 7 Quality Assurance Plan 5.8 Final Verification / Confirmation Sampling Plan 5.9 Construction Quality Assurance Project Plan 5.10 Emergency Response Plan 5.11 Final Design Report 5.12 Design Plans (Drawings) and Specifications Task 6 Permitting Assistance PROJECT MEETINGS Project: NORTHCAROLINA Date: Tue 7/6/99 Task Critical Task Wed 6/2/99 Tue 6/15/99 Tue 6/1/99 Wed 6/30/99 Thu 7/1/99 Thu 9/30/99 Thu 7/1/99 Fri 7/16/99 Thu 7/1/99 Thu 7/15/99 Thu 7/1/99 Tue 8/31/99 Thu 7/1/99 Thu 9/30/99 Mon 7/19/99 Fri 7/30/99 Wed 7/14/99 Mon 8/30/99 Wed 7/14/99 Mon 8/30/99 Mon 8/2/99 Tue 9/7/99 Mon 8/2/99 Wed 9/22/99 Mon 8/2/99 Thu 9/30/99 Wed 9/8/99 Thu 9/30/99 Mon 5/31/99 Fri 10/29/99 Mon 5/31/99 Tue 9/28/99 Tue 6/1/99 Fri 10/29/99 Thu 7/15199 Fri 10/29/99 Wed 5/19/99 Fri 7/2/99 Wed 5/19/99 Fri 10/29/99 Tue 6/1/99 Fri 10/15/99 Thu 9/23/99 Fri 10/15/99 Mon 8/2/99 Fri 10/15/99 Mon 8/2/99 Mon 9/20/99 Fri 10/1/99 Fri 10/15/99 Fri 10/1/99 Fri 10/15/99 Wed 9/8/99 Fri 10/15/99 Wed 9/1/99 Fri 10/15/99 Tue 6/1/99 Fri 10/29/99 Thu 7/1/99 Fri 10/29/99 Tua 6/1/99 Fri 10/29/99 Tua 7/27/99 Mon 11/29/99 Deliverables !>:::::::=::::::::::;:::;:::3 Deliverables May I WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL FINAL DESIGN -BCD DETOXIFICATION Jun Jul j Aug l Sep I Oct !>::=:::::=::==:===:=:::=>=:>::==>I !=:>:::=::=:::=::=::::::::==::::::::::=:::::::::::::::=::::=! • • :!>>>>>>:! i::T:\:[:\H:i=:=[::::=[:::>Y::=::=::]:j'['J] ... !:: :~~;;;; i":::":::::,:::~ :';';:;::: ;:;:;:::;:,:::,:::;:::;:;:;:;:::::;1,,,,,,,,,n,,,,,,,,,,, "''''""''''''"''' '""'I (::::<=:==::::=:::::::::::::::::: /:/::=::::>>::::::::::i:=::'=::::::<::::I : ' ' t='::://=i:=:'>:=:=:':>:= :::>:':>::>:'=':/::::::>=::=::i=':=:=::I ~ : :=>=:>>=:'>>:://:(::=::::=:=::=::::::::/?{} :,.. : : :(:(::::c<<::::::':':=:':::=:::'>:::::=::==::/:::::::j/=/:==::[:::::::=:::' ,,,.. ' 1'''''''''''''''''""''''''''''''''''''''''''''''1''''',-:,~:;,::,~ !:_>>::<<>>>>>>:<<<:I.:. ' ''' ' '' '' ' ' ' ''' '.' ' ' ' '' ' ' ' ' ' ~ I · '' ' ' '' ' ' ' . ' ' ''' ' '. ' ' '' ' ' 'J::''.'>=:::/:'j:::<=>=>>>:l':<l ' f?l:/\/:{=\Y/:\://:)::/::::':::://(:\=:::::::::::?//:=:>=:=rn:::=::::J,:::::=/:={:2{'\/::::=\::/::=\:'/=l=\:{:\:=:\/H::::=:::/::::=:::c:::L::=/:'J:==://:/:/::c:=/:ZITH::::::::EJ !Y::[::=::V\:\:_:=:=Y<<>:=:/:Y=>>>>>>.:A h<+::::=:=::::)/:'/::::/:::::[=::{=::::::{:{::::::::://:::=:::::::[:j:)::=(>::=:::/):/::::::===!:b::::=/=Y::=:::=::::/:/::{=:::::/:/::{:::::::J::::::=:::::=:::::=::::::=L/:::::,J:::=:,:::,::::=:::=:(=j=j:{):/::):c:\A • L)ff?':{::Hff:::>TIIEITY>CETITTTI>mrnn=::::::=:::=::=::+=::::==//H:::':{:::':'::=:::::::::::::::::;=:::=:/':=:::{<HTITTIFT\frnn:sTIFIIHm:JYYP=Tm==m• ... ==::=:::':':=:::l::::::=:::==::::=::3 :• ::'='=:><><><>=':/::::=>>=:>>=:q::::::::=::/:=:::<<=== :>>):=:/:::{:=::::)':& :I=mrn=nm=<:IU=H/)}\:::)U'=/:::::::::I/U/://{A. ~::::::j,j=j3:I:I:\A !?::==:::=::=:::{:::==:.A. rmrnm:rnn:m:i:m=Imnrn:::c<:=<:m<u• k>::=:==::=:,::~::::::::::::::=:=::=::::::::::::==:::=c:::=::=:=::::=::=::=:3 k<>>>>><>><>=<><><>>>><ITTT?:ff?ITF>>>:<><>::><<<=<>><:::=::::c<<<<<><<U:TIE:F=nFITffff?/ff:TTY:/5:\:HA I I , I I ::::'/:::'=:=:::::::/:=::::/:=:::::':Y:/:::=::':=::=::/:::::::=:::::::=/:=:::=::=::::::::=:=/:::':::::':::':::://:::'/=:///=:::/:\:~::::==:=::==//:':::==:::,:=U:::::=/<.6. Rolled Up Task i:YYY!=t/::i=iH Rolled Up Critical Task !>>=<<=>><=! Rolled Up Milestone Rolled Up Progress (~ ◊ Split External Tasks ETG Environmental, Inc. / Barnes, Ferland and Associates, Inc. (~ llt4Mli!EI @: Project Summary Progress Meeting • (~ • ® I Nov (~
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
4.0 Project Management
As a result of several factors including Phase I/Phase II performance, knowledge of
and experience with the BCD detoxification technology, and extensive hazardous waste
remediation experience, ETG has been selected for the Phase III final design for
detoxification of the Warren County PCB Landfill. ETG has had extensive involvement
with this project for approximately three years. ETG selected BF A as the lead design
subcontractor to strengthen our overall design capabilities for this project and to
incorporate into the final design BFA's knowledge and long term involvement with the
community and regulatory representatives. BF A also has had extensive involvement and
has been an integral part of the project working as a Science Advisor to the PCB Landfill
Working Group.
The Project Team's general project management strategy is geared toward each
segment of a project being organized, directed and controlled to ensure its efficient
completion within budget and schedule. It is the Project Manager's responsibility to
control scheduled activities, monitor and assure commitment of the necessary resources,
make decisions with respect to completing the work on time and within budget, and
provide a strong line of communication with the State and CAB regarding the project's
progress. To accomplish this responsibility, the project is subdivided into manageable
components, which provide for definitive assignments of budget, schedule and quality
requirements allowing the State and project team to efficiently focus on managing each
task or phase of a project as it is being completed. Frequent plan updates and monthly
meetings with the State and CAB will be the primary means for communication and
tracking project progress. Project work product and deliverables have been determined
and are provided on the Gantt chart and in the Scope of Work.
Project Management is the practical tool to accomplish the technical goals within a
specified time and budget. This tool has as its key elements planning, communication,
implementation, tracking, and adjustments required to meet the project goals.
The first step in any project is proper planning. This planning was accomplished when
members of the ETG/BF A team, in consultation with the State, developed an accurate
scope of work designed to meet the Stakeholders' requirements. From that scope of work,
the team identified the required resources, personnel, subcontractors, and equipment. The
team then estimated the most efficient schedule for completion of all anticipated project
elements.
Communications established during the project planning will be maintained throughout
all phases of the project. This process will involve all elements of the project organization
including the State, CAB, other key stakeholders, project staff, subcontractors, and
regulators following established lines of communication. Clear communication to all
project members will ensure that they understand their responsibilities and the period of
performance.
ETG Enviromnental, Inc. 8 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
Implementation is, in one sense, simply a matter of the team members carrying out
their assigned tasks. However, tracking or monitoring of the work as it progresses
towards the planned goals accompanies implementation. ETG/BF A monitors projects not
just for adherence to schedule and budget, but also technical quality.
Project monitoring may identify areas that require corrective action or adjustments in
the application of project resources. Adjustments in the project to attain project goals may
involve assigning some additional personnel or equipment to a given task to meet a given
schedule. It may involve adjusting priorities of competing projects according to the project
specific need. The team will employ a strong management and tracking system to
successfully avoid making unplanned adjustments. This will help to achieve the goals of
excellent technical work performed on time and within budget.
The team monitors the technical quality of work through a combination of in-house
Quality Assurance audits, review of calculations, and review of all plans, reports, design
drawings and other documents by the supervising personnel.
Enclosed is the ETG/BF A Functional Organization Chart for the Project.
4.1 Roles and Responsibilities
ETG/BFA's planning for assignments under this contract has already begun with the
organization of ETG/BF A's project team. The project organization chart included in this
section identifies key personnel and key subcontractors and their assigned roles.
ETG/BFA's personnel assigned to the project are:
Steve Detwiler, Project Sponsor -Mr. Detwiler is a Chemical Engineer with over 20
years of environmental/hazardous waste experience. Mr. Detwiler has been ETG's primary
contact with the PCB Landfill Working Group during the performance of the bench scale
pilot testing (Phase I) and the development of the preliminary design (Phase II). Mr.
Detwiler will function as the Co-Project Sponsor for the project working closely with the
project team, regulatory representatives, and the CAB. He will also be vital in peer review
of the plans and specifications.
Patrick A. Barnes, P.G., Proiect Sponsor -Mr. Barnes is a registered professional
geologist with more than 14 years experience in groundwater resource management and
contamination assessment/remediation. Mr. Barnes has served as a Science Advisor to the
PCB Landfill Working Group over the past 3 years and is intimately familiar with goals
and objectives of this project. He will function as Co-Project Sponsor for the ETG/BF A
team and the Project Manager for the BF A team. He will be specifically responsible for the
development of the Community Involvement Plan.
ETG Environmental. Inc. 9 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
Haren M. Master, Proiect Director -Mr. Master has over 25 years experience in
management, design/engineering, construction, and operation of environmental projects.
Mr. Master will supervise and guide project manager(s) to ensure project objectives are
achieved.
Frederick Shoyer, Project Manager -Mr. Shoyer has over 17 years of remedial facility
design throughout the East Coast. He will have overall responsibility of the project
including scheduling, deliverables, and cost.
Charles E. Hortenstine, P.E. -Mr. Hortenstine has a broad range of experience in the
field of environmental engineering. Mr. Hortenstine has been involved with many projects
including water and wastewater plant design, permitting and construction; wastewater
collection and transmission system evaluation, design and construction; and treatment
process testing, evaluation and modifications. Mr. Hortenstine will serve as Senior
Engineer for Wastewater Process Design.
Yei-Shong Shieh, Ph.D., P.E. -Mr. Shieh has over 22 years experience with process
engineering and technology applications for resource recovery and environmental
technology projects. Specifically, Mr. Shieh has been intimately involved with the
development of the BCD technology, and will be involved with the process design for this
project.
Dennis Melancon, P.E. -Mr. Melancon was the Construction Manager for $15 million
Love Canal, Black and Bergholtz Creek Remediation Project including construction of an
Interim Dewatering Facility to contain up to 50,000 cubic yards of contaminated material
in RCRA compliance, and sediment excavation from a 3,500 foot section of a Dioxin
(TCDD) contaminated creek. Mr. Melancon will serve as Senior Engineer for Landfill
Civil/Environmental Design.
Mitch Moss -Mr. Moss has 26 years operations experience with remedial projects
including thermal desorption and the BCD technology. Mr. Moss will be working with the
process design team and in the preparation of the plans for the BCD treatment system(s)
to ensure the operational feasibility of the final design.
Ronald P. Ferland, P.E. -Mr. Ferland is highly qualified in environmental engineering
with special expertise in state and federal regulatory permitting, utility management,
master planning, water and wastewater treatment design, solid waste management,
process control, effiuent disposal, sludge treatment and disposal, water distribution and
wastewater collection system design and construction. Mr. Ferland will provide technical . . review services.
ETG Environmental, Inc. July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren Cowtty Landfill
Mary Rooney, P.E. -Ms. Rooney has 11 years experience in remedial projects, three
years specializing in the design of thermal desorption resource recovery systems. Ms.
Rooney will be involved in the process design and preparation of plans and specifications
for the BCD detoxification system and air and water treatment systems.
William S. Tuttle, P.E. -His experience includes general site civil design, performing
analysis and design of chemical feed systems for water treatment plants, groundwater
testing and analysis, wastewater gravity collection system design, stormwater analysis,
water and wastewater piping design, writing of component specifications, developing
AutoCAD drawings. Mr. Tuttle is extremely proficient in the use of numerous software
programs including AutoCAD (Release 12 through 14), Cybemet, stormwater routing and
retention pond software such as TR-55, Pond II, and SMADA.
Timothy R Taylor, P.E. -Mr. Taylor is a senior engineer specializing in civil
engineering design. He has experience with the preparation of plans, specifications, and
contract documents for a wide range of civil, solid waste, water, wastewater and
environmental projects. His experience includes design and analysis of wastewater
collection and treatment systems, reclaimed water systems, water treatment and
distribution systems, as well as technical investigations and permitting for a wide range of
environmental projects.
ETG Environmental. Inc. 11 July 1999
PHASE III-BCD DETOXIFICATION FINAL DESIGN FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION CHART ORT,ff'''C:AR ..,.WASTE MANAGEME·NT ' ~ --. Mike K.,elly ·_. Deputy :,Qfrector Pat Backus -Project l\t14/,anager PROJ.ECT;MANAGE·MENT • ~ J Haren Master -Project Director Rick Shoyer --Project Manager Pat Ba'rnes-Project f\1.~nager DESIGN I ENGINEERING Pat Barnes D"ennls Melancon Ted Hortenstirie PROCESS DESIGN I ENGINEERING Hilren Master· Yei-Shong Shieh ., Mitch Moss ARD .,., Dollie Burwell Henry Lancaster Co-chairs PROJECT' SPONSORS Steve•,l_betv~iiler,. J=»af Barnes Community Relations./ Peer Review PLAN PREPARATION Ric~Shoyer Dennis Mela~con ! Mitch Moss Ted Hortenstine Mary,. Rooney SPECIFICATIONS Ted· Hortenstine Dennis Melancon Rick Shoyer DRAWINGfTECHNICAL SUPPOR'T :ADMINISTRATIVE/ SUPPORT' COMMUNITY-'IOUTREACH Bill Tuttre Tim Taylor Tom Clambrone .. Laura R~lph Lori Rol'"Qano f>am-Stevens Pat Barnes Roger Simon Janice Barnes
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
5.0 Cost and Schedule Controls
5.1 Cost Control
5.2
The final design project has been contracted as a lump sum project with total duration
of five months. The financial terms of the contract specified equal monthly payments,
based upon the State's satisfaction with the project progress.
At our monthly meeting ETG/BF A will review the project schedule with the State.
The project progress wil be reviewed and the schedule revised, if applicable.
Internally, ETG an4 BF A have mechanisms to track both the actual cost versus
budgeted cost and to ryview the project schedule. In order to control costs, individual
costs accounts will be established for each major task assignment with cost tracking and
control responsibility as~igned to the Project Managers who will advise the Task Manager
when trends indicate th:e need for corrective action. The Project Manager has the sole
authority to make intern~ cost account changes.
Schedule Control
The ETG/BFA rJ will conduct project scheduling activities using IBM-compatible
personal computers and Microsoft Project software, which give flexibility in revising
schedules and uses customized formats to facilitate presentation of the schedule.
Schedules will be developed using standard scheduling techniques including a project
network with critical path layouts, Gantt charts, precedent dependence, and milestone
planning during development of the project schedules. During performance of the project,
real-time comparisons will be made against the planned project schedule to monitor the
progress of the project. Variances between the planned project versus the actual schedule
will be closely monitored and investigated to determine if any problems are being
encountered. If problems are encountered, corrective actions will be initiated.
By developing the critical path scheduling, early start-early finish, late start-late finish,
project float times can be determined. By reviewing these factors periodically during the
project, the Project Manager can determine whether a project will be completed on
schedule. When these project costs and/or schedule problems are identified, the Project
Manager will characterize the extent of the problem and devise contingency plans as
appropriate, such as: 1) direct the allocation of additional resources as necessary to
accomplish the work in a timely and cost-effective manner; 2) analyze the schedule logic
for a change in sequence of work elements to maintain milestone dates; 3) establish new
dates for task completions/milestones after consultation with and approval by the State.
These corrective actions will enable ETG/BF A to meet established performance goals.
ETG Environmental, Inc. 13 July 1999
Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule Warren County Landfill
6.0 Project Work Plans and Deliverables
The design team will develop and write the following work plans and reports in
accordance with the outlines provided in the Phase II report, while incorporating the
results from any additional investigations(s) and applicable protocol. All plans will be
developed with involvement from the community and concurrence from the State.
Representatives from Warren County will also be consulted during preparation of the
community involvement plan.
• Community Involvement Plan
• Project Health and Safety Plan
• Performance Demonstration Plan
• Air Monitoring Plan
• Site Operations Plan
• Quality Assurance Project Plan
• Final Verification/Confirmation Sampling Plan
• Construction Quality Assurance Project Plan
• Emergency Response Plan
The following is a preliminary list of anticipated design plan sheets that will be developed
as part of the final design.
• Title Sheet
• Location Map and Drawing Index
• General Construction Notes
• Process Flow Diagram
• Existing Site Survey
• Existing Site Conditions/Demolition Plan
• Utility and Infrastructure Plan
• BCD Treatment Area -Plan View
• Construction Sections and Details
• Landfill Excavation Plan
• Landfill Excavation Phasing Cross Sections (Showing Progression)
• Process Water Use and Reclamation Flow Plan
• Wastewater Treatment Facility Plan
• BCD Treatment System Foundation Plan
• Soil Staging Areas Foundation Plan
• Contaminated Soil Pad Layout
ETG Environmental. Inc. 14 July 1999
APPENDIX I
Attachment A -Scope of Work
SCOPE OF WORK
WARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL
DETOXIFICATION DESIGN
ATTACHMENT A
INTRODUCTION
In March 1998, ETG Environmental, Inc. (ETG) submitted a preliminary design document
to the State of North Carolina for the detoxification of the Warren County PCB Landfill
using Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) technology. This document was subsequently
approved by the State as a preliminary ( conceptual) design for closure of the facility. Such
closure was deemed by the State to be an effective means of fairly addressing key issues
of the "Notice of Non-Compliance" issued by the EPA for the facility, as well as meeting the
commitment made by the State to detoxify the landfill when technically feasible. To help
meet the aggressive design schedule in an efficient manner, ETG has teamed with BFA
Environmental, an environmental design firm with a thorough understanding of the goals
and objectives of all project stakeholders.
Since the submittal of the preliminary design document, the North Carolina legislature has
incorporated the utilization of BCD for the landfill detoxification into law and has specified
the appropriate treatment standards required for the detoxification of the landfill.
The purpose of this document is to outline the scope and associated necessary services
to prepare a final Design Report and develop a set of final design plans and specifications.
This scope of services is, therefore, intended to provide the professional services
necessary to develop a final design document and specifications with sufficient detail such
that Request for Proposals (RFPs) can be issued for all or substantial components of this
project. This scope also includes the development of various project plans necessary for
proper execution of the anticipated project activities. If the activities deemed necessary
to fulfill the goal of detoxification increase beyond what is described herein, this scope of
work will be amended accordingly.
State representatives from the Division of Waste Management and representatives of the
ETG/BFA team developed this scope of work based on our historical involvement in the
project, the February 4, 1999 meeting with State and the approved concept for design
outlined in the March, 1998 Phase II Preliminary Design Report.
Task 1
1.1
Project Definition, Planning and Scoping
Project Initiation
ETG/BFA will meet with key representatives of the State's Division of Waste
Management to discuss the necessary project design components, review the
preliminary design report, and identify substantive additions to the detoxification
design process. It is assumed that two meetings with the State will be required
to accomplish this task.
1.2
ATTACHMENT A
Scope Development
The ETG/BFA team will work closely with the State Project Manager and staff
to develop a scope of services document inclusive of all design components
identified during meetings with the State or as previously outlined in the
preliminary design report.
The detoxification of the PCB landfill is a unique project; however, there are
numerous Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), which can be adopted for
successful implementation. The ETG/BFA team will continually work with the
State to adjust our approach to insure that we are on the path of least
resistance.
Task 2 Pertinent Data Collection, Analysis and Background Data Review
2.1 Landfill Features and Relationship to Detoxification
A thorough understanding of the facility, its historical operations, design and the
characteristics of its contents are necessary in order to implement an effective
and efficient final design. The ETG/BFA team will have access to a complete
copy of the State's file on this facility. Under this subtask these files will be
reviewed to identify issues that might affect the design of the detoxification.
This review will determine the degree of the survey required to complete the
final design (Section 3.1)
2.2 Applicable SOPs, Rules and Regulations
Implementation of the proposed final design activities at the landfill will
necessitate review and analysis of local, state, and federal guidelines. Under
this task, the ETG/BFA team will work closely with officials to identify the rules
and regulations which will govern detoxification activities. In particular, we will
work hand-in-hand with the State's Project Manager during this task. The
jurisdictional applicability of Superfund, RCRA, TSCA and State's Waste
Management rules will be thoroughly investigated under this task. Additionally,
North Carolina Department of Transportation design criteria will be reviewed to
determine applicability to the proposed project roadway improvements.
Task 3 Detoxification and Process Design
General
The design tasks outlined below assume that no new information will be obtained
concerning the final design requirements. If the implementation of Task 2 above identifies
new design criteria not discussed in this scope it will be amended accordingly. The design
process assumes that monthly progress meetings will be held between the Design Team
~nd the State. These meetings will be held to ensure efficient project execution.
ATTACHMENT A
3.1 Site and Area Survey
A detailed survey will be prepared for the site. The limits of the survey will be
determined with state approval. Under this task, the ETG/BFA team will provide
to the State a scope of work that can be used to issue a contract for the survey.
It will include the survey needs along with the survey format required so that it
is compatible with the design objectives. The ETG/BFA team will also help
identify local survey firms that can meet the requirements.
3.2 Site Geotechnical Evaluation
Geotechnical analysis of existing data will be performed beneath each
proposed structure associated with all equipment areas. Areas needing
additional testing will be identified and the ETG/BFA team will provide the State
with a scope of work that can be used to issue a contract for the compaction
tests. The ETG/BFA team will also help identify local firms that can meet the
requirements. Suitable compaction tests will be performed associated with final
grade and fill placement. Additional geotechnical surveys within the boundaries
of the Landfill are not anticipated to be required.
3.3 Sjte Layout and Logistics
The ETG/BFA team will work to ensure that the final design incorporates a
facility layout, which maximizes efficiency during all phases of the project. Of
particular concern is the flow of site activities during the various phases of
excavation and backfilling. The strategic location and sizing of contamination
reduction zones, support areas, treatment areas, decontamination facilities, and
stormwater management facilities will all be determined under this task. The
site layout will also be designed to accommodate the proposed final use of the
facility. Future land use will be determined by the community and this
information will be provided to the ETG/BFA team.
3.3.1 Equipment Areas
Detoxification equipment areas will be designed to ensure efficient
implementation of the BCD process, as indicated in the Phase II
report. It is anticipated that areas will range from unpaved to paved,
covered to uncovered. It is assumed that the areas identified in the
Phase II report will form the basis of the final design plans and
specification
3.3.2 Soil Material and Handling
The flow of material has been generally discussed in the Phase II
document. Under this task a detailed design of the following areas
will be defined: 1) PCB contaminated soil, 2) contaminated debris,
3) treated soil , and 4) clean soil.
3.5
ATTACHMENT A
3.4.3 Water
The ETG/BFA team will size and design a water transmission main
necessary to extend water services to the PCB Landfill. The
transmission main will run along the site access road from State
Road 1604. Sufficient detail will be provided such that a RFP can
be issued.
Stormwater Management
3.5. 1 Clean Stormwater
Site drainage will be designed to isolate clean stormwater from
construction impacted stormwater. A series of swales, culverts and
berms along the site access road, within exclusion zones, and
around the contaminated soil stockpile will be designed to
accomplish this task. Clean water will be diverted to a lined pond
north of the landfill. The ETG/BFA team will identify any special
requirements for lining the pond. A conservative stormwater event
design standard will be determined in concert with State
requirements and . incorporated into the final design and sizing of
retention and treatment structures.
3.5.2 Construction Water
As conceptualized in the Phase 11 document, the final design will
convey impacted stormwater to a water treatment area consisting
primarily of activated carbon. Other design alternatives will be
considered during the final design process. The treatment efficiency
of each option will be evaluated and the best alternative selected.
3.6 Excavation Process Design
3. 6. 1 Phasing and Site Management
The final design will detail the plan and profile of the landfill during
several phases of the construction process. It is critical that a clear
understanding of the excavation process be communicated by the
final design documents. It is anticipated that design details will be
generated for approximately ten (10) distinct phases of the
excavation process. This process will detail all critical components
of detoxification.
ATTACHMENT A
Task 4 Site Reclamation Design
4.1 Community Reuse Plan Meetings
Representatives from the design team will coordinate closely with community
leaders and the State in an effort to include desired future land use into the final
design plans and specifications. Two meetings with community officials are
anticipated under this task.
4.2 Regulatory Coordination
The design team will meet with regulatory officials to determine the potential for
land use restrictions and generally assist the State and community in
addressing the concerns of regulators. Attendance at one meeting by
ETG/BFA staff is assumed for this subtask .
.
Task 5 Project Work Plans and Deliverables
The design team will develop and write the following work plans and reports in accordance
with the outlines provided in the Phase II report, while incorporating the results from any
additional investigation(s) and applicable protocol. All plans will be developed with
involvement from the community and concurrence from the State. Representatives from
Warren County will also be consulted during preparation of the community involvement
plan.
5.1 Detoxification Design Work Plan and Schedule
5.2 Community Involvement Plan
5.3 Project Health and Safety Plan
5.4 Performance Demonstration Plan
5.5 Air Monitoring Plan
5.6 Site Operations Plan
5.7 Quality Assurance Project Plan
5.8 Final Verification/Confirmation Sampling Plan
5.9 Construction Quality Assurance Project Plan
5.10 Emergency Response Plan
APPENDIX II
Phase II -Preliminary Design Work
--~ l:lu Providing creative environmentar solutions
Environmental, Inc.
MEMORANDUM
To: Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group
From: G.S. Detwiler -ETG Environmental, Inc. -!. /) (!}..:;:;c:--
Re: Phase II Preliminary Design Report -FINAL
Date: April 3, 1998
Please find enclosed the FINAL Phase II Preliminary Design Report for
detoxification of the Warren County PCB Landfill utilizing the Base Catalyzed
Decomposition (BCD) Process. We at ETG appreciate the opportunity to serve the State
and the citizens of Warren County, and we look forward to continue to serve you during
the successful detoxification of the Landfill.
Please call me at 610-431-9100 should you have any questions on the enclosed
report.
-------.----------------------------1 ·-I
Phase II -PRELIMINARY DESIGN REPORT
PCB LANDFILL DETOXIFICATION
Warren County, North Carolina
Prepared for
THE JOINT WARREN COUNTY/STATE PCB LANDFILL
WORKING GROUP AND
THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
AND NATURAL RESOURCES
ICF KAISER ENGINEERS, INC.
Gateway View Plaza
1600 W. Carson Street
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219
March,1998
Prepared by
In Association with:
BFA Environmental, Inc.
3655 Maguire Blvd. Suite 150
Orlando, FL 32803
ETG ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
16 Hagerty Boulevard
West Chester, Pennsylvania 19382
Hirschhorn & Associates, Inc.
2401 Blueridge Ave. Suite 411
Wheaton, MD 20902
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
Table of Contents
Executive Summary ............................................................................................ i
1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................... l
1.1 Purpose/Objectives ...................................................................... 1
1.2 Scope of Work ............................................................................ 2
2.0 Background ....................................................................................... 4
2.1 Site Description/Background ........................................................... 4
2.2 Geology/Hydrogeology ................................................................. 6
2.3 Selection of the Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) Process .................. 6
2.4 Mapping ................................................................................... 10
2.5 Topographic Conditions ................................................................ 11
2.6 Regulatory Overview .................................................................... 11
3.0 Detoxification Overview ........................................................................ 13
3.1 Technical Approach ..................................................................... 13
3.2 Summary-Phase I Results ............................................................ 15
3.3 Organizational Approach to Detoxification .......................................... 15
4.0 Preliminary Design and Scope of Final Design ............................................ 17
4.1 Purpose .................................................................................... 17
4.2 Site Preparation/Infrastructure/Utilities ............................................... 18
4.2.1 Existing Conditions Plan ................................................... 18
4.2.2 Site Preparation Plan ........................................................ 19
4.2.3 Infrastructure/Utilities Plan ................................................ 21
4.3 Mobilization .............................................................................. 23
4.4 Excavation Plan .......................................................................... 24
4.5 Treatment Plan for PCB Contaminated Soils ........................................ 32
4.5.1 Material Handling and Preparation ....................................... 33
4.5.2 Batch Vacuum System ...................................................... 34
4.5.3 Continuous System .......................................................... 35
4.5.4 Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) Treatment ...................... 36
4.5.5 Water Treatment.. ........................................................... 37
4.6 Confirmation/Verification Sampling Plan ............................................ 38
4.7 Stormwater Management ............................................................... 39
4.8 Site Reclamation, Decontamination, and Demobilization ......................... .42
4.8.1 Site Reclamation Plan ...................................................... .42
4.8.2 Decontamination ............................................................ .44
4.8.3 Demobilization ............................................................... 45
4.9 Security .................................................................................... 46
4.10 Emergency Response Plan ............................................................ 46
4.11 Permitting Plan ......................................................................... 47
4.12 Performance Demonstration Plan .................................................... 48
ETG Environmental, Inc./lCF Kaiser March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
4.13 Air Monitoring Plan ................................................................... .49
4.14 Quality Assurance Project Plan ...................................................... 51
4.15 Health and Safety Plan ................................................................ 52
4.16 Construcion Quality Assurance Project Plan ....................................... 52
4.17 Technical Specifications ............................................................... 53
5.0 Community Involvement ....................................................................... 54
5 .1 Community Oversight/Funding ........................................................ 54
5.2 Economic Benefits ....................................................................... 55
5.3 Educational Benefits .................................................................... 57
6.0 Cost Estimate ..................................................................................... 58
6.1 Assumptions/Uncertainties ............................................................. 58
6.2 Estimated Costs .......................................................................... 62
6.3 Schedule ................................................................................... 64
Figures
Figure I ... Detoxification Equipment Pictures
Figure 2 ... Process .Flow Diagrams
Figure 3 ... Project Implementation Chart
7.0 Appendices
A. Drawings
B. Performance Demonstration Plan Outline
C. Air Monitoring Plan Outline
D. Quality Assurance Project Plan Outline
E. Health and Safety Plan Outline'"
F. Construction Quality Assurance Plan Outline
G. Technical Specifications Outline
H. Emergency Response Plan i-
ETG Environmental, lnc./ICF Kaiser ii March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
EXCUTIVE SUMMARY
The State of North Carolina owns and maintains a closed landfill containing
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin/furan contaminated materials in Warren
County, NC. The materials in the landfill were generated from cleanup of areas along
state roads where PCB materials were illegally disposed. Due to considerable local
opposition to the construction of the landfill, the residents of Warren County were
assured by the Governor and the state legislature in the early 1980s that the landfill would
be eliminated through detoxification when feasible and effective detoxification
technology became available.
In 1995 the North Carolina General Assembly appropriated one million dollars to
study detoxification feasibility and to investigate the site. After an extensive review of
potential detoxification technologies, the Joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill
Working Group (Working Group) selected Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) and
Gas Phase Chemical Reduction as the technologies for consideration for detoxification of
the PCB Landfill. Actual landfill materials were tested in a Phase I bench scale study
utilizing each of these two technologies.
As a result of these Phase I studies, the Working Group concluded that feasible
and effective detoxification technology is now available and selected BCD as the
preferred technology for detoxification of the PCB Landfill. ETG Environmental, Inc.
(ETG) was subsequently awarded a contract to perform this Phase II preliminary design
of a full-scale BCD detoxification system to remediate the PCB Landfill (ETG performed
the successful Phase I bench scale BCD study). The primary purpose of this report is to
ETG Environmental, Inc./lCF Kaiser March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
develop sufficient conceptual design information to allow for preparation of a cost
estimate to form the basis to request funding from the State legislature for final design
and detoxification of the PCB Landfill utilizing the BCD process.
Tre BCD process utilizes non-incineration chemical reactions to detoxify the
PCBs and dioxins/furans in the contaminated materials. Chlorine atoms are chemically
removed from the PCB and dioxin/furan molecules, and replaced with hydrogen,
rendering them non-hazardous. The resulting non-hazardous oil can be recycled off-site.
Detoxified soils will be replaced on-site, covered and revegetated. The process has been
proven at several full-scale project applications.
The preliminary conceptual design of the full scale detoxification project is
divided into two components. The first component provides written conceptual designs
for site preparation, excavation, treatment, confirmation/verification sampling,
stormwater management, security, site reclamation, decontamination, and demobilization.
These aspects of the project have been co11ceptually designed to provide the basis for a
detailed cost estimate for detoxification. Drawings have been provided to supplement
these conceptual design items.
The second component presents those aspects of the project which will be
completed during the final design portion of the Phase III Design/Build detoxification.
Outlines have been provided to introduce these final design items, as follows: emergency
response plan, permitting plan, performance demonstration plan, air monitoring plan,
quality assurance plan, health and safety plan, construction quality assurance plan, and
technical specifications.
ETG Environmental, Inc./ICF Kaiser ii March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
To assist in the overall project oversight, a Citizens Advisory Board (CAB) would
be established as a committee to the Working Group and would include an independent
science advisor (s). The Design/Build detoxification contractor would include Program
Management, working in conjunction with the state, to ensure that the local community
has a strong role in the detoxification project's implementation. The Design/Build
detoxification contractor would also include a coordinator to ensure maximum economic
benefit to local/minority businesses and the local economy. Direct local economic
impact is estimated in the range of $3-5 million, which includes the hiring of local
individuals and utilization of local businesses for supplies, material, and services to
support the detoxification project.
A detailed cost estimate has been prepared to perform the detoxification project
utilizing the BCD process. A cost of $23,975,000 is presented, which includes a
$2,079,000 contingency to account for the following assumptions, which could change as
the detoxification project progresses:
1. Quantity and characteristics of the material to be treated. 60,000 tons
of material at 10-12% moisture content and average concentration of
500 parts per million (ppm) for PCBs has been assumed.
2. Regulatory uncertainties associated with permit acquisition and final
design activities.
3. Modifications required to the detoxification project as a result of final
design changes that may result from the permit/final design process.
ETG Environmental, Inc./ICF Kaiser Ill March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
The State of North Carolina (State) owns and maintains a closed landfill
containing materials with elevated levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and
dioxins/furans in Warren County, North Carolina. The State established a Joint Warren
County/State PCB Landfill Working Group (Working Group) to evaluate technologies to
be used in detoxifying the contents of the PCB Landfill. The Working Group has
determined that the Base Catalyzed Decomposition Process (BCD) is the preferred
technology for detoxification of the PCB Landfill.
In December, 1997, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (NCDENR) contracted ETG Environmental, Inc. (ETG) to prepare a
conceptual preliminary design of a full scale detoxification system to remediate the PCB
Landfill. ETG has subcontracted ICF Kaiser Engineers (ICF Kaiser) to perform civil,
geotechnical and environmental engineering services to support the preliminary design.
The BCD Phase I bench/pilot scale test report dated August 1997 has been
prepared by ETG Environmental after testing and detoxifying samples of PCB
contaminated soil from the PCB Landfill utilizing the BCD process. In addition, the PCB
Landfill Site Investigation Report dated September 1997 has been prepared by BF A
Environmental, Inc. and Hirschhorn and Associates, Inc, the independent Science
Advisors for the Working Group.
The purpose of this Phase II Preliminary Design Report is to provide preliminary
information to the Working Group to accomplish the following objectives:
1. Provide preliminary descriptions of the steps necessary to implement full scale
ETG Environmental, Inc./ICF Kaiser March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
detoxification of the PCB Landfill utilizing the Base Catalyzed Decomposition
(BCD) process.
2. Provide information to allow for preparation of a Request for Proposal (RFP) to
solicit bids for final design and implementation of detoxification of the PCB Landfill
utilizing the BCD process.
3. Provide sufficient infomation to support a cost estimate for implementation of design
and detoxification of the PCB Landfill. This estimate will be required to be presented
to the state legislature for the purpose of obtaining funding for final design and
implementation of the detoxification of the PCB Landfill utilizing the BCD process.
1.2 SCOPE OF WORK
The conceptual preliminary design will address the following areas:
• excavation of the landfill;
• materials handling and preparation;
• mobilization and staging of all equipment to be used at the site;
• design of an on-site performance demonstration test;
• construction/assembly of the full scale detoxification technology equipment;
• full scale detoxification of contaminated materials;
• work area and perimeter air monitoring;
• verification testing and replacement of treated soils at the site;
• stormwater management/sediment containment;
ETG Environmental, lnc./lCF Kaiser 2 March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
• demobilization of all equipment from the site;
• proper testing and disposal of solid and liquid wastes or residues;
• restoration of the site.
ETG Environmental, lnc./ICF Kaiser 3 March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
2.0 BACKGROUND
2.1 SITE DESCRIPTION/BACKGROUND
The Warren County PCB Landfill (Site) is located in Warren County, North
Carolina, approximately 50 miles north of Raleigh, North Carolina. The Site includes a
2.54 acre landfill cell (PCB Landfill) that contains soils with elevated levels of PCBs and
dioxins/furans and an 8 acre contiguous clear area surrounding the PCB Landfill. The
contiguous area is defined by a treeline containing a moderately dense population of trees
approximately 30 feet high. A gravel road approximately 3,000 feet long provides access
to the Site from State Route 1604. The Site is situated within a tract of land owned by
the State of North Carolina that covers 19.317 acres; however for the purposes of this
preliminary design, the area of the Site has been established at 10.54 acres.
The PCB Landfill is approximately 250 feet wide (measured in an east to west
direction) and 500 feet long and contains approximately 40,000 cubic yards of soils that
were deposited into the landfill from remediation of roadways throughout the state that
were sprayed with PCB contaminated oils for dust suppression. Approximately ten
percent of the soils originated from the Fort Bragg Military Reservation near Southern
Pines, NC and are assumed to be of a similar nature to the balance of the contaminated
soils. The PCB concentrations in the soil ranged from 259 parts per million (ppm) to a
high of 853 ppm, with an averge concentration of 500 ppm. Dioxin/furan concentrations
ranged from 147 parts per trillion (ppt) toxicity equivalent concentration (TEQ) to 238
ppt, with an average concentration of200 ppt TEQ. This data has been reported in the
Phase I BCD study previously referenced. The maximum depth ofth.e PCB Landfill at
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the center is approximately 40 feet, which includes the lower liner and existing cover.
The depth at the perimeter is approximately 20 feet. The existing ground surface of the
contiguous clear area begins at the same elevation as the perimeter of the PCB Landfill.
In addition to the PCB soils, a relatively small amount of kiln dust (less than 5% of the
total volume) occupy the northeast comer of the PCB Landfill. Approximately one-half
of the PCB Landfill rises above the existing ground surface. The PCB Landfill was
completed in 1983.
The typical cross section of the PCB Landfill (Drawing 70809-PD3) is comprised
of a lower liner and leachate collection systems and a landfill cover surrounding the PCB
contaminated soil. The lower liner system of the PCB Landfill is comprised of four
natural soil and two geosynthetic layers. They are, from the bottom up:
• natural soils;
• a nine-inch thick sand layer for leachate detection;
• a 30 mil thick (0.0030-inch) PVC Geomembrane;
• a twelve-inch thick general fill layer;
• a sixty-inch thick clay layer of 10·7 cm/sec permeability;
• a nine-inch thick sand layer for leachate collection;
• a geosynthetic filter fabric.
The 1983 closure of the PCB Landfill consisted of the construction of one
geosynthetic and four natural soil layers over the contaminated soil. They are, from the
top down:
• a twelve-inch thick topsoil layer;
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• a twelve-inch thick general fill layer;
• a 10 mil thick PVC geomembrane;
• a 24-inch thick clay layer of 10·7 cm/sec permeability;
• a twelve-inch thick general fill layer.
2.2 GEOLOGY/HYDROGEOLOGY
The site setting, hydrogeology and regional geology summary is contained in the
Site Investigation Report, section 4-1, dated September 1997. This report was prepared
by BF A Environmental, Inc, and Hirschhorn and Associates, Inc, the Science Advisors
for the Working Group.
2.3 SELECTION OF THE BASE CATALYZED DECOMPOSITION (BCD)
PROCESS
The selection of BCD began with an evaluation by the Science Advisors working
for the Joint Warren County-State PCB Landfill Working Group (on which some state
officials serve) that first screened numerous potential detoxification technologies,
following certain guidelines set by the group. Two technologies for the Phase I testing
activity were selected. The following explanation was incorporated into the RFP for the
Phase I/II project:
"A detailed technology screening, evaluation, assessment and comparative
analysis has been performed for the Warren County PCB Landfill. All but two
treatment technologies were screened out. Only Base Catalyzed Decomposition
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(BCD) and Gas Phase Chemical Reduction technology were found to be
appropriate and potentially feasible.
The original use of the term detoxification technology by the State of
North Carolina implies that technologies that are considered cleanup or remedial
technologies but that do not by themselves detoxify PCB' s are not appropriate for
the Warren County situation. Potential feasibility has had to be demonstrated
through prior successful full scale use of a technology for PCB detoxification
work.
All forms of containment technology such as caps and subsurface barrier
walls have been ruled out as being inappropriate.
All forms of stabilization/solidification have been eliminated as
inappropriate, because they have not been thoroughly proven to actually and
permanently destroy PCB molecules, rendering them permanently nontoxic.
Any use of high temperature incineration has been ruled out as being
inappropriate because of its potential for causing harmful toxic air emissions and
its long history of being deemed unacceptable by communities, especially when
used in locations close to residential areas.
All forms of separation technologies that do not actually detoxify through
treatment have been ruled out. These include, for example, thermal desorption,
solvent extraction, soil washing, and soil vapor extraction.
All forms of biotreatment or bioremediation have been screened out on the
basis of insufficient proven effectiveness. For many years various forms of
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biotreatment have been pursued for PCB cleanups. The conclusion has been
reached that biotreatment is not yet proven effective and reliable enough for full
scale use either as an in situ or ex situ technology, in aerobic or anaerobic form or
some combination of them, for the Warren County application.
In situ vitrification has been screened out because of insufficient full scale
application. This technology has been under extensive development for many
years, chiefly within the DOE system. While some people have viewed this
technology as a variant of incineration, chiefly because it employs very high
temperatures, it usually is considered as a unique technology. Buried wastes can
be heated to melt all materials and form a vitreous or glassy material. The process
thermally destroys organic contaminants and an extensive offgas, air pollution
control control system is used. Interestingly, in October 1995 EPA granted
Geosafe a National TSCA Operating Permit for the nationwide treatment of PCBs
within a large number of prescribed circumstances, including maximum average
concentrations of 14,700 ppm and maximum hot spot concentrations of 17,860
ppm. The company obtained this regulatory permit on the basis of a site
demonstration that achieved various performance criteria, including six nines
destruction and removal efficiency and less than 2 ppm PCBs in vitrified product.
No detectable dioxin/furans were found in off gases. But the demonstration was
not on in situ wastes similar to the Warren County situation. This technology must
be considered detoxification, and it offers the comparative advantage of being
intrinsically applicable for in situ treatment, avoiding the need for excavation of
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materials. In theory, the technology could be applied directly to the Warren
County Landfill, perhaps without dewatering the site although the site's location
would pose significant problem for using the extensive equipment. The
conclusion has been reached that this technology is not acceptable or feasible for
the Warren County application, and that it could not be suitably evaluated through
bench-scale testing.
Because the objective is to select a detoxification technology that has
already been proven effective for PCB detoxification through full scale,
commercial use, and that will be demonstrated effective for full scale application
at the Warren County PCB Landfill on the basis of bench-scale testing of site
contaminated soils, no technology that has not yet been fully deployed in a full
scale detoxification of PCB wastes will be considered appropriate and potentially
effective for this application. No technology that exists only as a research or
developmental technology is deemed appropriate and potentially feasible for this
application and, therefore, for bench-scale testing."
Two technologies were chosen to receive Phase I contracts to perform bench/pilot
scale testing of contaminated soil from the Warren County Landfill. Those technologies
were Gas Phase Chemical Reduction and Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD). After a
detailed evaluation of the results, BCD was selected as the preferred technology, with
ETG receiving the contract to perform this Phase II preliminary design report.
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2.4 MAPPING
Mapping provided by NCDENR has been used to prepare the preliminary design
and provide the basis for the development of the various plan drawings referenced in
Section 4.0 -Design. Two existing maps were used to develop the overall site plan map.
The first map, prepared by Aiken and Yelle Associates, Raleigh, North Carolina,
shows the as-built final contours of the PCB Landfill. The limits of this map extend
approximately 30 feet beyond the location of the existing PCB Landfill perimeter fence,
but includes the boundaries of the sediment pond located at the north end of the site. The
map was developed using ground survey techniques and a grid ( or coordinate squares)
layout methodology and has a contour interval of one foot.
The second map, prepared by Sverdrup and Parcel in December 1980, presents
the preconstruction contours of the area currently occupied by the PCB Landfill and the
surrounding contiguous clear area. The limits of this map extend approximately 250 feet
beyond the approximate location of the PCB Landfill. The map was developed using
ground survey techniques and has a contour interval of two fr .!t. The treeline that
defines the limits of the contiguous clear area, as discussed above, is not indicated on this
map.
To create an existing conditions map for use in the preliminary design phase, the
contours from the Sverdrup and Parcel map were electronically digitized and overlayed
onto the as-built PCB Landfill mapping. Conflicts or improprieties in the contour layout
were then resolved by visually connecting or adjusting the location of equal elevation
contours to create a topographic map suitable for the preliminary design phase. This
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existing conditions map is presented on Drawing 70809-PD0.
The horizontal control for the preliminary design was taken from two
benchmarks, the locations of which are indicated on Drawing 70809-PD0. The treeline
defining the limits of the contiguous clear area surrounding the PCB Landfill will be
confirmed using aerial photography and current site reconnaissance information. The
existing conditions map is suitable for preliminary design, however, it is recommended
that current mapping using aerial photographic techniques be obtained for final design.
2.5 TOPOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS
The topography of the Site is flat to gently sloping. Site ground cover consists
almost entirely of grass, with a few scattered trees with trunks three inches in diameter or
less. The elevation of the PCB Landfill varies from a low of 334 feet at the existing
perimeter fenceline to a high of 353 feet at the center of the PCB Landfill. The
contiguous clear area surrounding the PCB Landfill, where construction of the Support
Area will occur varies from a low of 320 to 325 feet at the treeline on the north, south and
west sides to a high of 340 feet at the treeline on the east side.
2.6 REGULATORY OVERVEIW
The Warren County Landfill is a closed TSCA landfill. The Governor and the
state legislature are committed to detoxification of the landfill and the joint Warren
County-State PCB Landfill Working Group, on which some state officials serve, has
selected the BCD technology. The detoxification of the landfill represents a voluntary
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closure of this facility. Treatment standards for residual concentrations of contaminants
remaining in the soil above which treatment is necessary were determined by the
Working Group. However, it is recognized that these standards are more stringent than
that typically utilized by USEP A or DENR for PCB cleanups, but they represent the
desire of the Working Group to obtain a stringent cleanup that is highly protective of
public health. The standards for soil are as follows:
a) PCB's -200 parts per billion (ppb)
b) dioxins/furans -200 parts per trillion (ppt) Toxicity Equivalent
Concentration (TEQ)
Treatment standards for concentrations of contaminants in the air as measured
during excavation and processing at the property line are as follows:
a) PCB's - 8 x 104 micrograms per cubic meter
b) dioxins -5xl0-8 micrograms per cubic meter (TEQ)
Note: An approved EPA methodology (ie. screen 3 or equivalent) will be utilized
for modeling of air discharges.
After detoxification, no ongoing operations and maintenace of the facility is
anticipated. Deed restrictions governing future land use of the property will be required.
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3.0 DETOXIFICATION OVERVIEW
During evaluation of potential detoxification technologies, the primary objective was
to utilize a process or processes that actually destroyed PCBs and dioxins/furans in a non-
incineration manner. The BCD process utilizes chemical destruction to achieve this
objective.
The BCD process is a chemical reaction that destroys PCBs and dioxins/furans by
removing the chlorine atom from the chlorinated compound and replacing it with
hydrogen, thus rendering the molecule to a non-hazardous compound which can be
recycled off-site. The process is conducted in both the solid phase and liquid phase.
The BCD process was invented by the USEPA's National Risk Management
Research Laboratory (NRMRL) and has been further developed by ETG, working in
collaboration with USEP A and other institutional and industrial providers of hazardous
waste treatment services. ETG has performed full scale remediation of high hazard
chlorinated contaminants utilizing the BCD technology.
3.1. Technical Approach
ETG utilizes indirect heat thermal desorptions systems with off-gas condensing as the
solid phase BCD reaction vessels. Solid phase BCD reagents (typically a sodium based
non-hazardous compound such as baking soda/sodium bicarbonate-NaHCO3) are
premixed with the contaminated soil and heated to medium temperature (up to 1000°F) to
initially detoxify and physically separate the PCBs from the soil. Partial chemical
destruction (up to 95%) of the PCBs could occur in the solid phase BCD reaction vessel.
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The remaining organic materials are then removed from the reaction vessel in the vapor
phase, where they are condensed into the liquid phase in the vapor recovery system
(VRS).
The condensed liquids are then processed and sent to the BCD Liquid Tank Reactor
(L TR), where complete chemical destruction of the remaining organics occurs. Liquid
phase BCD employs a sodium/potassium based reagent, catalysts and a hydrogen donor
to replace the chlorine atom with hydrogen, resulting in the formation of a non-
chlorinated, non-hazardous molecule plus sodium/potassium chloride. (Sodium Chloride
is table salt). The overall liquid process is represented as follows:
Acceptor-Cl+ Na OH+ Donor-H ➔ Catalysts Donor +
(KOH) 600-650°F
Acceptor - H +NaCl+ H2O
(KCl)
(Acceptor-Cl represents PCBs and polychlorinated dioxins/furans)
Please note that all reaction products are non-hazardous. Pictures of the
equipment to be utilized for solid and liquid phase BCD are included (Figure 1) for
review. A process flow diagram (Figure 2) is also provided for review.
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3.2 Summary -Phase I Results
BCD has been proven to be effective for providing complete detoxification of
PCB and dioxin/furan contaminated soils. The phase I study illustrated this fact. Actual
soil from Warren County was treated from up to 850 ppm PCBs in the contaminated soil
to less than 3 ppb (part-per-billion) in the treated soil. Dioxins were reduced to less than 3
part per trillion (ppt) Toxicity Equivalent Concentration (TEQ) in the treated soil from up
to 250 ppt TEQ. Air standards (section 2.6) during the Phase I treatment were met, and in
some cases were several orders of magnitude lower than the standard.
ETG has utilized BCD for several commercial, full-scale remediation projects.
Thus, BCD meets the Working Group's criteria and represents a proven remedy for
detoxification of the PCB Landfill.
3.3 Organizational Approach to Detoxification
It is anticipated that the detoxification project (Phase III) would be executed
utilizing a Design/Build format. There are several different components to the
detoxification project, and the Design/Build contractor could potentially use team
subcontractors to perform any or all of these separate components, as follows:
1. System Design
2. Permit Procurement
3. BCD Process Equipment Mobilization
4. Site Preparation
5. BCD Process Construction
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6. System Performance Demonstration/Start-up
7. Excavation and Treatment
8. Backfill
9. Decontamination
10. Demobilization
11. Site Reclamation
12. Program Management
13. Local/Minority Business Coordination
An implementation chart is included as Figure 3.
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March 1998
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4.0 PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND SCOPE OF FINAL DESIGN
4.1. Purpose
The preliminary design phase II report design section can be seperated into two
components. The purpose of the first component is to provide written preliminary design
information necessary to generate a basis for estimating costs associated with the
detoxification of the landfill utilizing the BCD Process. The second component is
identification of those plans that will be prepared during the final design (phase III) of the
project. The preparation of preliminary design information in this report includes
drawings and design descriptions and procedures that present the conceptual layout of the
necessary equipment, facilities and appurtenances required to implement the remediation
of the PCB Landfill using the BCD Process.
The following preliminary design components have been provided:
1. Site Preparation/Infrastructure/Utilities
2. Mobilization of the BCD Equipment
3. Excavation
4. Treatment Plan
5. Confirmation/Verification Samples
6. Stormwater Management
7. Site Reclamation, Decontamination and Demobilization
8. Security
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The following components are identified and outlines are presented in this report.
These components will be finalized in the final design (Phase III):
1. Emergency Response Plan
2. Permitting Plan
3. Performance Demonstration Plan
4. Air Monitoring Plan
5. Quality Assurance Project Plan
6. Health and Safety Plan
7. Construction Quality Assurance Plan
8. Technical Specifications
The following drawings have been prepared in conjuction with the preliminary
design component presented in this report:
• Existing Conditions Plan (Drawing No. 70809 -PD0)
• Infrastructure/Utilities Plan (Drawing No. 70809 -PDl)
• Excavation Plan (Drawing No. 70809 -PD2)
• Sections (Drawing No. 70809 -PD3)
• Reclamation Plan (Drawing No. 70809 -PD4)
4.2 SITE PREP ARA TI ON/INFRASTRUCTURE/UTILITIES
4.2.1 Existing Conditions Plan
The Existing Conditions Plan is shown on Drawing 70809-PD0 and indicates the
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location of the existing PCB Landfill, sediment pond, entrance road, and other existing
structures. It was developed using the procedures identified in Section 2.4 of this
Preliminary Design Report.
4.2.2 Site Preparation Plan
The Site Preparation Plan is shown on Drawing 70809-PDI and presents the
layout of the Treatment Area, containing all of the appurtenances associated with the
BCD treatment plant, the general facilities and the soil staging areas. A flat area
approximately one-half acre in size is required to facilitate construction of the BCD
treatment plant, which is constructed on a reinforced concrete slab with perimeter berms
and drainage sumps. This area is the focal point of the Treatment Area. An area on the
west side of the PCB Landfill has been selected for construction of the BCD treatment
plant for the following reasons:
• Approximately one-half of the area is clear of trees and grass covered, thereby
requiring minimal grading to establish required topography;
• The area is near an existing sediment pond that will be used to control stormwater
and clean runoff during PCB Landfill excavation and backfilling operations. The
pond will be lined prior to commencement of detoxification operations.
• The location allows for the movement of vehicular traffic along the longitudinal
sides (east and west) of the PCB Landfill. This aspect of the design will facilitate
movement of hauling equipment along the entire length of the PCB Landfill
during excavation.
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Adjacent to the BCD treatment plant area, a general facilities area has been
designed to contain the appurtenances associated with the day-to-day operations of the
treatment system. These appurtenances include the job site trailers, the decontamination
areas, a tank area for the BCD Process System fuel supply and scales, if needed.
In addition to the treatment plant and facilities areas, three soil staging areas have
been developed. A contaminated soil holding area has been designed for the staging of
soils removed during the excavation of the PCB Landfill, which is the second design
component. A detailed discussion of the operations plan for excavation of the PCB
Landfill is presented in section 4.4 of this report. The contaminated soil holding area
(10,000 SQ. ft.) is located on the west side of the PCB Landfill, south of the BCD
treatment plant area, as illustrated on Drawing 70809-PD 1. This location near the
longitudinal center of the PCB Landfill reduces the travel distance between the
excavation, and soil staging area. It is anticipated that most of the soils designated for the
holding area will be excavated when work production is at or near optimum. This would
occur as the excavation reaches the center of the PCB Landfill. This holding area will be
constructed with perimeter containment berms and be lined with a geomembrane, and
will be under roof.
A clean soil staging area is located on the west and north sides of the Site, north
of the BCD treatment area. The clean soil staging area will be utilized to stockpile
treated soil discharged from the BCD treatment process in daily piles approximately 100
to 200 cubic yards in size. These piles will be maintained until acceptable analytical
results for samples of treated soil have been received and a sufficient volume of soil is
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present to commence backfilling operations. This location of both soil staging areas is
clear of trees, is currently grassed, and will require minimal grading to meet required
design contours.
An oversize material stockpile area is located on the west side of the Site, south of
the BCD treatment plant area. This area will be used to stage and decontaminate
oversized materials as further described in section 4.4 of this report. Details of the various
components of soil staging are presented on Drawing 70809-PD3.
4.2.3 Infrastructure/Utilities Plan
The infrastructure/utilities plan is shown on Drawing 70809-PDl and presents
the layout of the roadways, underground utilities and surface/subsurface drainage
schemes associated with the appurtenances presented in the Site Preparation Plan and the
PCB Landfill Excavation Plan. As seen on the plan, the majority of the infrastructure
improvements occur on the western side of the PCB Landfill. This is due to the fact that
the main entrance to the Site, the junction/utility pole for electrical service and the
connection for water are located on the western side of the PCB Landfill, at the south
corner. This location permits infrastructure improvements to be installed between the
main entrance and the treatment plant area, with minimal obstructions. Electrical and
perimeter surface drainage utilities are located on the most western side of the site, away
from construction activities.
Several roadways have been constructed to access various areas of the Site. An
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access roadway running in a north and south direction between the PCB Landfill
excavation and the treatment area is located adjacent to the west perimeter of the PCB
Landfill. Excavation and delivering of soil to the contaminated soil staging areas will be
designed to allow for operation of this road as clean, as described in the excavation plan.
This road will be monitored for potential contamination, because vehicles utilizing the
road will be hauling soil from the PCB Landfill to the treatment area. A contaminated
soil holding area will be located adjacent to the access road, where contaminated soil can
be staged for eventual treatment.
The access road will have berms constructed on each side. The east berm
(nearest the PCB Landfill) will intercept stormwater runoff ( considered clean) from the
undisturbed portions of the PCB Landfill prior to reaching the contaminated road and
direct it offsite. The west berm will collect construction runoff from the access road
surface and direct it to collection sumps. A detailed discussion of stormwater
management is provided in section 4.7 of this report.
A clean access road for returning treated soil back to the landfill will be located
on the north side of the landfill and near the east perimeter of the Landfill. This road will
be dedicated to clean vehicles. The exact location will be determined after initial
excavation of the Landfill commences. This road will allow trucks hauling treated soil
from the treated soil staging area back to the landfill. Treated soil will be backfilled
beginning at the north end of the landfill.
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4.3 MOBILIZATION
Mobilization of equipment to implement the design will be performed by the
contractor. The contractor will mobilize labor, equipment and materials required to
construct the site preparation facilities as described in section 4.2 of this report, excavate
the contents of the PCB Landfill, perform on-site transportation, and backfill treated
soils. The Contactor will also mobilize labor, equipment and materials to operate and
maintain the BCD Process system. The mobilization of this equipment will occur after
construction of the treatment plant area and related appurtenances is completed. As
discussed above, the BCD Process requires a one-half acre area to facilitate set-up.
Training of the locally hired workforce will be conducted during this phase. Section 5.2
discusses in greater detail the total workforce and those positions which will involve local
hiring.
After the construction of the site preparation facilities is completed, the
Contractor will mobilize equipment and personnel to begin excavation of the landfill
contents.
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4.4 EXCAVATION PLAN
A typical excavation section for the PCB Landfill is presented on Drawing 70809-
PD2 and presents the anticipated construction scenario for removing the contaminated
soils located within the PCB Landfill and backfilling the treated soils. The proposed
section specifies for excavation to commence at the north end of the Landfill and proceed
in a southern direction across the entire 250 feet width ( east to west) of the Landfill. This
excavation sequence is recommended for the following reasons:
• The existing sediment pond at the north end of the Site can be utilized to control
surface water runoff from the PCB Landfill. (The pond will be lined prior to
utilization). By initiating excavation activities at the north end, treated soil can be
backfilled there first. This allows surface water runoff from the north end to be
considered as 'clean runoff, whereby it will be permitted to flow into the
sediment basin for holding for use in the BCD treatment process, or for dust
suppression as needed.
• Excavation work can be maintained in proximity with the treatment plant area (at
the north end) until the daily routine construction procedures and responsibilities
have been established.
• As excavation activities reach peak production and it becomes necessary to stage
screened soil at the contaminated soil holding area, trucks hauling contaminated
soil will not have to backtrack between the excavation point and the treatment
plant area. It is anticipated that peak excavation production will occur as the
center of the PCB Landfill is reached, which corresponds to the approximate
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location of the holding area.
• Treated soil is backfilled first at the north end of the Landfill. This allows haul
trucks placing the treated soil to travel between the treatment area and the landfill
over the surface of the landfill. Since backfilling and compaction operations
require a larger area to perform than excavation, this allows haul trucks the
flexibility to access a larger area to spot their loads and deposit them. This in tum
allows spreading equipment to expend less energy to spread a series of piles
placed at strategic locations rather than from a stockpile. Compaction is
performed immediately after, making the entire backfill process timely and cost
effective.
Typical excavation activities at the PCB Landfill will begin with the removal of a
portion of the existing natural soil cover (Please refer to Drawing 70809 -PD3,
Sections). A total of 48 inches of material will be initially removed, a 12-inch layer of
topsoil, a 12-inch layer of fill, a 10 mil geomembrane and a 24-inch thick clay layer. The
12-inch thick topsoil layer, the 12-inch thick fill and the 24-inch thick clay layer will be
stripped and the materials will be individually stockpiled on the south and/or east side of
the PCB Landfill. Based on the drawings developed by Sverdrup and Parcel, the
estimated volume of the topsoil layer and fill layer is 4,500 cubic yards each and the
estimated volume of the clay layer is 9,000 cubic yards. Stripping of these two layers,
which are to be considered clean, reduces the volume of soil that is to be treated using the
BCD Process. It also generates material that will be used to construct the final cover
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placed over the treated soils. A 12-inch grading layer beneath the 24-inch clay layer will
be left in place, acting as a temporary barrier to reduce exposure of the PCB soils to the
environment until excavation is performed. Stripping of these two layers will occur a
distance of 50 feet in advance of the limits of the excavation, across the entire 250 feet
width of the PCB Landfill. Stripping should occur at the center of the landfill (in an
east-west direction) and proceed to the perimeter. This promotes a maximum area of the
existing PCB Landfill ground surface to remain undisturbed until designated for
excavation. This undisturbed area plays a significant role in the handling of storm water
runoff, as discussed later.
A 12-inch thick general fill layer, located between the topsoil and clay layers and
a 10 mil thick PVC geomembrane, located above the clay layer, will also be removed.
The PVC geomembrane, covering approximately 122,000 square feet, will be disposed at
a permitted municipal solid waste landfill. Characterization testing will be performed on
the geomembrane to confirm that there is no contamination present. The general fill layer
can be stockpiled for general use purposes on-site.
After the existing cover of the PCB Landfill is removed, excavation of the PCB
soils will commence. Excavation will occur from the adjusted existing ground surface of
the PCB Landfill (the top of the grading layer) to the bottom of the landfill, including
some or all of the clay lower liner, if deemed necessary by verification sampling. A
discussion of the confirmation and verification process is presented in section 4.6 of this
report. Side slopes of the excavation will be maintained at 1.5 horizontal to 1.0 vertical
(1.5H: 1 V) for stability purposes and to meet applicable OSHA requirements .
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Excavated material will be hauled to the treatment area using the designated
access road located on the western side of the PCB Landfill. After soil is treated using
the BCD Process, it is temporarily stockpiled at a clean soil staging area. After a
sufficient volume of soil has been stockpiled and confirmed clean, it is loaded in clean
haul trucks, hauled back to the area of the landfill where excavation has already occurred
and deposited in an area confirmed clean by confirmation sampling. The treated soil will
be placed in horizontal loose lifts, across the entire 250 feet width of the landfill. The
moisture content of the backfilled soil will be maintained at optimum or wet of optimum
to achieve maximum compaction. If water is needed to achieve optimum moisture, it will
be obtained from the sediment pond. As the height of the backfill increases from the
bottom of the landfill, an outside exposed slope of 1. 5H: 1 V will be maintained.
In conjunction with the excavation of soils from the PCB Landfill, a screening
process will remove all stone and general debris larger than two inches in any direction
from the PCB soils. The screening process will occur in the contaminated soil staging
area. The screening is a required pretreatment for the BCD Process. Contaminated
material larger than two inches will be moved to an oversize material stockpile area. In
this area, the material will be decontaminated using high pressure, low volume power
washing or an equivalent acceptable technique until the material is accepted as clean.
The material is then staged at a treated stockpile area as clean or hauled to the treated soil
stockpile area at the north end of the Site. Liquids generated during decontamination will
be handled as discussed in Section 4.8.2.
The treatment rate for soil, estimated at 6.0 tons per hour using the BCD process
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(4.0 to 4.5 cubic yards per hour) is expected to be much less than the excavation and
screening rate. Front end loaders and hydraulic excavators with 1.5 cubic yard bucket
capacities can excavate at an optimum efficiency ( and economic) rate of 7 5 cubic yards
per hour. Therefore, a contaminated soil holding area has been developed. This area of
approximately 10,000 square feet could contain approximately 2,500 cubic yards of
contaminated soil. Stockpiling contaminated soil requires less equipment to be operated
full time, requires less labor to operate equipment, and requires less time monitoring
health and safety during excavation. The contaminated soil holding area will be covered
with a shed roof, to minimize the amount of moisture in the soil. Contaminated soil can
be treated with the BCD process more efficiently and at a faster rate when moisture is
kept at a minimum. A perimeter soil berm and a geomembrane will maintain horizontal
and vertical containment of the contaminated soil.
A conceptual sequence of operations for excavation, treatment and backfilling
consists of the following:
• A front end loader or hydraulic excavator strips the topsoil, general fill and clay
layers of the existing PCB Landfill cover. The area stripped is kept to a minimum.
The stripped material is loaded into a dedicated clean truck. The truck exits the
PCB Landfill to the east and proceeds to the designated stockpile areas.
• The PVC geomembrane is removed, cut into managable pieces and placed in a
dumpster for eventual disposal at a solid waste landfill.
• A hydraulic excavator, dedicated to contaminated soil operations, excavates the
PCB soils and loads the material into dedicated hauling trucks. This excavator is
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located on clean areas whenever possible to minimize contamination. The trucks
exit the PCB Landfill to the west and use the haul road to access the staging area
at the west side of the Site. The material is dumped into the contaminated soil
staging area. The contaminated soil is screened to remove materials greater than
two inches in diameter or length. Oversize material is taken to the oversize
material area and handled as previously discussed.
• The trucks continue to haul material to the contaminated soil holding area. This
area will be designed such that the truck tires do not become contaminated. When
the contaminated soil holding area is at capacity, the hydraulic excavator and
trucks are temporarily taken out of service. A front end loader or backhoe feeds
soil from the contaminated soil holding area to the BCD material preparation area,
located within the contaminated soil staging area, for addition of solid phase BCD
reagents. At the appropriate time, the hydraulic excavator and trucks are brought
back into service, and excavation operations continue. Excavation proceeds in a
north to south direction.
• PCB soil is excavated to the bottom of the landfill. The nine-inch thick sand layer
and the top six-inches of the clay layer in the bottom liner system will be
considered as contaminated and removed. Confirmational sampling is then
performed on the ground surface of the remaining clay layer to determine if all
contaminated soil has been removed. This will be accomplished by comparing
the analytical results with the cleanup standard. Analytical results above the
cleanup level will result in the additional excavation of six-inches of clay.
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Confirmational sampling will be reperformed and will continue until the sampling
results are below the treatment level.
• When confirmational sampling results meet cleanup levels, a verification sample
will be taken to quantitatively document the concentration. Excavation will then
proceed to the south.
• At the treatment area, soil is treated and discharged to a clean soil stockpile area
utilizing hauling equipment or a radial stacker. Seperate stockpiles with volumes
between 100 and 200 cubic yards will be created, based on the daily output of the
BCD Process. These separate stockpiles will be sampled and tested to verify
compliance with treatment performance standards. If treated material does not
meet performance standards, retreatment will be required. The stockpiles will be
covered and remain undisturbed until acceptable analytical results are received.
• A front end loader or backhoe loads a dedicated clean truck with treated soil
certified clean by analytical testing. The truck hauls the soil into an area of the
landfill previously excavated and certified clean by verification sampling. After
sufficient loads are dumped, the treated material is spread and compacted.
• A total of approximately 60,000 tons has been estimated to require treatment,
calculated as follows:
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37,000 Cubic yards-Contaminated soil
2,250 Cubic yards -Fill
3,208 Cubic yards-Sand
1 JOO Cubic yards -Clay
Warren County Landfill
43,758 Cubic yards x 1.35* ton/cubic yard= 59,073 tons -or 60,000 tons
* 1.35 ton/cubic yards= 2700 lbs/cubic yard which represents an average density of the
materials to be treated.
It will be necessary to delay initial treated soil backfilling operations until
excavation activities proceed far enough in a southern direction to create some horizontal
distance between the placement of clean treated soil in the landfill and PCB soils yet to
be excavated. This distance will allow verification sampling to be performed at the
bottom of the excavation and a reasonable amount of lag time for the laboratories
performing the verification sampling at the bottom of the excavation to complete the
analytical results. It will also provide space to construct the stormwater management
facilities within the excavation, as discussed in Section 4.7 ofthis report. The proposed
distance to be maintained between the toe of the contaminated excavation and the toe of
the clean backfill is 50 feet.
It will be necessary to exercise caution during the initial disturbance of the PCB
soils, since stormwater measures will have yet to be implemented and excavation of
sufficient size and depth will have yet to be created. Weather suitable for excavating
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should be anticipated for an adequate time period after initial excavating begins.
Several monitoring wells that exist within the limits of the PCB Landfill will need
to be removed. Removal will be performed in accordance with applicable North
Carolina state regulations. It is not anticipated that the monitoring wells removed will
need to be replaced. The detoxification of the landfill contents should eliminate the
requirements currently established for groundwater monitoring.
During all excavation and backfilling operations, the generation of dust will be
kept to a minimum, and sedimentation will be controlled through the use of silt fence or
other approved methods. The minimization of dust will be accomplished through the use
of frequent waterings of exposed slopes, access roads or disturbed areas that lack
vegetation. Water for use in dust suppression will be obtained from the sediment pond.
If the physical properties of the PCB soil does not permit effective dust suppression by
watering, more stringent dust control measures, such as chemicals may be required.
Sedimentation will also be controlled through the use of silt fence, or other approved
methods. The dust suppression methods will be enforced to protect the local environment
and community. An air monitoring plan will also be implemented to support the dust
control measures. A discussion of air monitoring is presented in Section 4.13 of this
report.
4.5 TREATMENT PLAN FOR PCB CONTAMINATED SOILS
The BCD treatment system mobilized for detoxification of PCB contaminated
soils at Warren County will have the flexibility to process materials with varying degrees
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of contamination and moisture content. The system will provide chemical destruction of
the contaminants of concern (PCBs, dioxins) in both the solid and liquid phases of the
process. The BCD treatment system will consist of the following systems of equipment:
1. Batch vacuum thermal desorption solid phase BCD reaction vessel to detoxify
high moisture and/or highly concentrated contaminated soil. Off-gas treatment
will consist of particulate removal, condensing and flameless thermal oxidation of
air prior to discharge.
2. Continuous thermal desorption solid phase BCD vessel with off-gas treatment
consisting of particulate removal, condensing and flameless thermal oxidation of
air prior to discharge.
3. Liquid phase BCD to detoxify condensed organic contamination generated from
the off-gas systems of the solid phase BCD reaction vessels.
4. Water treatment to destroy residual organic contamination remaining in the
aqueous phase of the condensate from the solid phase BCD reaction vessels.
These systems, including material handling and preparation, are described in detail in the
following sections:
4.5.1 Material Handling and Preparation
Based on results from the Phase I report, dewatering of contaminated soils at
Warren County will not be required for full scale detoxification of the landfill.
Excavation and removal procedures as described in section 4.4 of this report would be
required and a screening system will be utilized to remove any debris (rocks, tree stumps,
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etc.) over 2" in particle size. The resulting screened material would then be processed in
the solid phase BCD System. The oversized materials are handled as previously
described in section 4.4 of this report.
4.5.2 Batch Vacuum System
The batch vacuum thermal desorption technology is an in-direct heated system
which operates under a high vacuum (25"-27" Hg) and temperatures up to 1000°F to
effectively desorb organic compounds from soils, sludges, and sediments. The system
contains internal heating and agitation, operates in a batch mode, and will handle a wide
range of materials (moisture and contamination) for effective detoxification.
The feed material is processed on a batch basis by the indirectly heated rotary
vacuum desorber. The complete mixing action afforded by the rotary vacuum desorber's
internal mixing flights and internal central heating mixing tubes constantly agitate and
break-up the soil particles, this exposing the particles to the heat source. Heat transfer is
enhanced by a large heat surface area to allow rapid heating of the soil for optimum
contaminant removal. The desorber is contained within an outer insulated heating
chamber, where fuel burners (1.1sing No. 2 oil, propane, or natural gas) supply the
indirect heat. There is no contact between the heat source and the contaminated material.
Exhaust gas from the fuel burner (which also does not contact the waste) is discharged
from the top of the insulated heating chamber.
The desorber is capable of heating the waste up to 1000°F. The throughput rate
depends upon waste moisture content, contaminants and treatment standards. Higher
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moisture content will result in reduced production while lower moisture content will
allow faster production. The batch operation and equipment design provide system
flexibility to allow treatment of contaminated materials with higher moisture content and
contaminant concentration. This will be accomplished due to the ability to vary key
operating variables including batch time, temperature and vacuum.
During heating and agitation, a vacuum pump provides a nominal 150 -
200 SCFM of vapor flow at 25"-27" Hg vacuum allowing the system to operate under an
inert condition.
Vapors in the off-gas will be condensed and recovered by the scrubber(s)/
condenser(s) in the Vapor Recovery System (VRS -the scrubbers/condensers generally
operate between 120 -160°F). The condensed contaminants and water from the vapors
are collected in receiving tanks, while the remaining gases travel through the condensing
unit(s) and vacuum pump into a final chilled water condenser. A flameless thermal
oxidizer unit operating at 1600°F is added for the final vapor polishing. The flameless
thermal oxidizer virtually eliminates non-condensables and residual organic
contaminants, and acts only as a polisher prior to final discharge of air to the atmosphere.
4.5.3 Continuous System
The continuous system is designed such that material is processed continuously
through the indirectly heated rotary desorber. The unit's internal mechanisms provide
mixing and transport the waste through the desorption chamber. Heat transfer is enhanced
by a large heat transfer surface area to allow rapid heating of the soil for optimum
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contaminant removal. The desorber is contained within an outer insulated heating
chamber where fuel burners {using No. 2 oil, propane or natural gas) supply the indirect
heat. Again, there is no contact between the heat source and the contaminated material.
Exhaust gas ( which again does not contact the waste) from the fuel burner is discharged
from the top of the insulated heating chamber. Throughput is higher than the batch
vacuum unit and depends on waste characteristic variations including moisture content
and contaminant concentration. The waste can be heated up to 1100° F.
Vapors in the off-gas will be removed from the desorber unit by an inert sweep
gas and sent to the extensive VRS for treatment including condensation and particulate
removal, and to condense contaminants and moisture from the vapor stream. Recovered
liquid remains in tanks for recycling back to the condensers through a heat exchanger
cooling system. A condensate bleed stream will be removed for treatment and product
recovery/recycling. The vapors will continue into a flameless thermal oxidizer unit
operating l 600°F for final vapor polishing. The flameless oxidizer virtually eliminates
non-condensables and residual organic contaminants, and acts only as a polisher prior to
final discharge of air to the atmosphere.
4.5.4 Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) Treatment
The thermal desorption systems previously described are utilized in conjunction
with the Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) chemical decholorination process to
chemically detoxify PCBs, and dioxins/furans. Initially, BCD reagents are added to the
contaminated soil in a pug mill mixer. The conditioned soil is then fed into the batch
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vacuum and continuous desorber vessels, initiating partial solid phase BCD destruction of
contaminants, and physically separating the detoxified contaminants from the
contaminated material (soil). The solid phase BCD reagents added to the desorbers result
in reduction of the concentration of contaminants in the treated waste, as well as
reduction in the amount of liquid organics requiring liquid phase BCD treatment.
Condensed chlorinated organics are sent to a liquid tank reactor (L TR) for liquid phase
BCD treatment, where addition of a hydrogen donor, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or
potassium hydroxide (KOH) and a proprietary catalyst result in replacement of the
chlorine atom with hydrogen ( chemical detoxification/destruction) at temperatures in the
600°F -650°F range. This dechlorinated oil (which is generally non-hazardous)
can be recycled/reused off-site as a RCRA permitted fuel supplement in an industrial
boiler such as a cement kiln.
4.5.5 Water Treatment
Conventional, commercially available systems would be utilized for condensate
treatment at the Warren County Landfill. The system will include oil/water/solids
separation, sand filtration, and UV oxidation to destroy any organics (including PCBs and
dioxins/furans ), and final carbon polishing. Any recovered organic condensate would be
sent to the liquid phase BCD system. Treated, clean water would be recycled on-site to
cool and hydrate the treated soil from the solid phase BCD process. The solids removed
from the water treatment system will be sent to the solid phase BCD system for
treatment.
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4.6 CONFIRMATIONNERIFICATION SAMPLING PLAN
A confirmation/verification sampling program will be developed to provide the
approach, cleanup level and sampling frequency during excavation activities associated
with the PCB Landfill. The sampling will be conducted when excavation reaches the
clay base layer to determine if these soils bordering the PCB soils ( on the sideslopes or
on the bottom) contain concentrations of PCBs above cleanup levels. The cleanup level
for PCBs will be 200 ppb, and the cleanup level for dioxins will be 200 ppt dioxin TEQ.
Air emission standards will be as presented in Section 2.6.
Confirmation sampling that will be conducted will utilize field test kits to provide
qualitative information on the concentrations of PCBs in the materials that are being
tested. Verification sampling will involve sampling of the material to be tested to
quantitatively verify by laboratory analysis (including Quality Assurance/Quality
Control) that PCBs and dioxins/furans are not present in the materials that were tested.
The confirmation sampling portion of the program will guide the limits of
excavation, specifically as the excavation proceeds through the clay base layer. This
sampling will provide qualitative information on the concentrations of PCBs and other
contaminants of concern within the clay layer and will also provide a blueprint for the
performance of verification sampling. It is anticipated that confirmation sampling will be
conducted on a 50 feet by 50 feet grid pattern established over the delineated limits of the
PCB Landfill.
A confirmation sampling result over the specified cleanup level will result in the
excavation of an additional 6-inch depth of clay before confirmation sampling is
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performed again. This depth can be adjusted in the field if conditions change or
excavation or sampling trends develop. The limits of excavation will extend to adjacent
confirmed clean sampling locations.
The verification sampling will document that cleanup levels on treated soil have
been achieved by providing quantitative values. It is anticipated that sampling of treated
soil will be conducted on stockpiles of approximately 300 tons. Initially, analysis will be
conducted for both PCBs and dioxins/furans to establish conformance with the site
treatment standards. After the first two weeks of successful operation, stockpile analysis
will be conducted only on PCBs. On an ongoing basis, once every two weeks, composite
samples of stockpiles will be homogenized and tested for dioxin TEQ. Once analytical
results are available for PCBs and material meets the applicable standards, the treated
stockpile will be relocated to the landfill area. The location of excavation verification
sampling points will be based part on confirmation sampling locations and part on
applicable state or federal guidance documents for verification and/or sampling rationale.
4.7 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
As the excavation commences, it will be necessary to control stormwater runoff
during precipitation events. Precipitation runoff is separated into two categories.
Stormwater runoff is defined as water that lands on undisturbed areas of the Site, on soils
that have been treated and certified clean or on excavated material that has been certified
as clean by verification sampling. Construction runoff is defined as water that lands on
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the exposed face of the contaminated soils being excavated from the PCB Landfill, or on
excavated soils that have not yet been certified clean by verification sampling, or on the
contaminated soil haul road.
Stormwater and construction runoff will be managed within the limits of
excavation in a manner that differs with management outside the limits of excavation.
Stormwater runoff outside the limits of excavation will either be diverted to the existing
sediment pond or directed off-site. Stormwater runoff will be directed off-site if existing
conditions at the Site have not been disturbed. This condition will exist on areas of the
PCB Landfill south of the limits of excavation. Areas north of the excavation that have
been backfilled with soils treated will have stormwater directed to the sediment pond.
Undisturbed areas outside the limits of the PCB Landfill will utilize existing drainage
paths to control stormwater runoff.
Runoff from the construction access road on the west side of the PCB Landfill
will be monitored. It is anticipated that this road will remain clean, but the potential exists
for this water to be classified as construction runoff. Therefore, this runoff will be
directed using access road berms and positive drainage to two sumps located on the west
side of the access road. Runoff accumulating in these sumps will be pumped to
wastewater treatment. Water certified as clean can be pumped to the sediment pond at the
north end of the Site and used for general needs.
Within the excavation, stormwater runoff and construction runoff will be present.
Stormwater runoff will run off the exposed face of the treated soils and on the bottom of
the excavation confirmed clean by confirmation sampling. Construction runoff will run
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off the exposed slope of the PCB soils being excavated from the PCB Landfill and on the
bottom of the excavation not subjected to confirmation sampling. During excavation, it
is proposed that these waters will be maintained separate by utilizing a natural soil berm
or a synthetic tube filled with water or soil. The scenario is presented on Figure 70809-
PD2. The synthetic tube is suggested because it can be easily relocated as the excavation
progresses to the south. The soil berm will need to be reconstructed each time it is
moved. The height of the tube or berm will be designed to contain the volume of water
associated with a 25 year-24 hour storm event. The selection of this storm event is based
on information contained in the North Carolina Solid Waste regulations. Stormwater
runoff will be pumped to the sediment basin at the north end of the Site. Construction
runoff will be pumped to the BCD Process wastewater treatment plant as discussed
above. Because storm water runoff and construction runoff will be pumped, a pump will
be dedicated to each condition.
It is anticipated that the volume of construction runoff will not be great because
the largest contaminated area that rainfall can be exposed to is approximately 25,000
square feet along the exposed PCB Landfill excavation (0.0009 total square miles). A
percentage of the rainfall within the limits of excavation may infiltrate into the
contaminated soil, soil that may be dry of optimum moisture because it had been
previously capped. This is especially true for the soils just beneath the cover of the PCB
Landfill. This water will adsorb into the dry soil and be excavated for treatment. If it is
necessary to further reduce the volume of construction runoff, certain remedial measures
can be implemented. These may consist of interim covering of slopes with plastic
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sheeting or tarps, or other methods developed by the contractor. Based on the anticipated
rate of excavation as discussed above, tarping may be implemented for extended periods
of time, thereby reducing the area of contaminated soil exposed to precipitation.
Stormwater on the undisturbed surface of the contaminated PCB Landfill, south
of the excavation is not included in this design. The existing clean soil cover of the PCB
Landfill and the slopes of the cover allow storm water to be directed away from the
excavation. Similarly, the slope of the clean backfill has been designed to nearly match
the previous slope of the landfill; therefore the storm water from this area is directed to
the east and west and to the sediment pond.
4.8 SITE RECLAMATION, DECONTAMINATION, AND DEMOBILIZATION
4.8.1 Site Reclamation Plan
The reclamation plan for the PCB Landfill is presented on Drawing 70809-PD4
and presents the proposed topography for the ground surface of the final cover that is to
be constructed over the treated backfill soils placed in the landfill and the topography for
the regrading of the treatment area, the contaminated soil holding area and the general
staging area.
The reclamation plan for the landfill area reflects as nearly as possible the
drainage conditions that existed prior to excavation. A ridge has been designed in a
north-south direction and a 5% slope provides positive drainage from the ridge to the east
and west perimeters of the landfill. On the north and south sides of the landfill, a 5%
slope was constructed to meet each end of the ridge. A 25% slope will be used near the
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perimeter of the landfill to meet existing grades and to account for an increase in the
volume of treated soil backfilled versus the volume of soil excavated. Geotechnical
information for the contaminated soil indicate that the soil contains a 30% fraction of
coarse grained material. A potential exists for the soil to swell by as much as 20% from
excavation to placement in trucks. Conversely, compaction of the treated soil into the
landfill can reduce soil volume by only 10%. The final design of the PCB Landfill
(including final cover) will incorporate these geotechnical features to establish the final
site contours.
A final cover will be constructed over the soils treated with the BCD process to
reduce surface water infiltration into the landfill. The 24 inches of clay that was removed
prior to excavation will be replaced as a cap over the detoxified soil. This reduces the
potential for liquids to infiltrate and accumulate at the bottom of the landfill, an
occurrence commonly referred to as the 'bathtub effect'. During final design, a plan will
be developed to puncture the lower landfill liner after contaminated soils have been
removed and the lower clay liner is verified as clean. This will eliminate the possibility of
the 'bathtub effect'. The 24 inches of fill and topsoil removed prior to excavation will be
replaced on top of the clay to support vegetative growth.
The type of final cover selected was based on information contained in the Solid
Waste Management regulations of the North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources. Section 1627 of Subchapter 13B proposes a final cover
consisting of 18-inches of soil material with a permeability of 1.0 x 10 -s cm/sec or the
permeability of the lower liner, whichever is less, covered by 6-inches of earthen material
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capable of sustaining vegetative growth. The material for constructing this cover is
obtained from the soil materials stripped from the PCB Landfill prior to contaminated
soil excavation. The final cover as proposed meets these regulations. Geotechnical
testing will be performed on the clay and topsoil to verify compliance with the
permeability and vegetative requirements stated in the regulations. The minimum and
maximum slopes proposed above were also obtained from these regulations.
The regrading of the treatment area, the contaminated soil holding area and the
general staging area will be minimal, because they were designed with a small slope to
promote positive drainage and reduce the effects associated with ponding. The existing
pads and structures can be decontaminated and left for future use.
4.8.2 Decontamination
The approximate location of the decontamination area is shown on Drawing
70809-PD 1. This area will be used for the decontamination of large construction
equipment used in the excavation and transportation of the PCB Landfill contents. As
needed, portable decontamination areas will be constructed at specified locations to
handle personnel and sampling equipment.
In the decontamination process, solid and liquid residuals will be generated. Solid
residuals will consist of soils scraped or brushed off equipment. These solids will be
accumulated in a temporary storage container until a manageable volume has been
collected. The volume will then be consolidated with excavated material from the PCB
Landfill and treated using the BCD Process. Rinsewater generated during the
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decontamination of construction equipment, sampling equipment and personnel will be
collected within decontamination containment areas, and treated in the water treatment
system.
The water treatment system described in Section 4.5.5 will be utilized primarily
for condensate from the BCD process. It will be designed to be capable of treating some
decontamination water and stormwater. It is anticipated that filtration and carbon will be
sufficient to treat contaminated stormwater and decontaminated water, as this water
should not be difficult to treat (PCBs and dioxins do not have a high solubility). Spent
contaminated carbon can be treated in the BCD process. Contaminated materials from
this treatment will be sent to the solid phase BCD system.
4.8.3 Demobilization
After remediation has been completed, the construction contractor will demobilize
all equipment and work forces. In conjunction with demobilization, the construction
contractor will conduct clean-up activities and repair damage that may have occurred
during construction. Cleanup will consist of the removal from the site of all unused
construction materials, trash and decontamination debris. The Site should be left in an
aesthetically pleasing condition, similar to pre-remediation condition. Damage to the site
incurred as a result of construction activities will be identified by authorized personnel
and repaired at this time.
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4.9 SECURITY
It will be necessary for the construction contractor to provide security measures
during construction and operational activities. Security will be provided 24 hours per day,
7 days per week during construction and operation. These measures will consist of
supplying a security officer to control unauthorized vehicular access during non-daylight
hours and to police the site for unauthorized pedestrian access from any of the site
perimeter. Access gates will also be constructed to reduce all vehicular access to the site,
unless authorized. A clean site road will be constructed to provide emergency access to
the support area as shown on drawing 70809-PDl.
4.10 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
An emergency response plan will be prepared to set forth procedures, practices
and tiers of communication to be followed in the event of an emergency type of release or
spill and/or an emergency type of episode, such as fire, explosion, personnel exposure,
etc.
An outline for this plan has been provided as Appendix H. The plan will be
developed during the final design prior to implementation of detoxification activities.
The plan will provide emergency contact lists for communication channels in the
event of an emergency or spill. The plan will outline recommended training and
notification of local rescue/medical personnel. Excavation of on-site personnel and the
surrounding community will be described. The contaminants of concern at the site and
their possible health impacts will be described. A description of the available on site
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emergency control equipment will also be described.
4.11 PERMITTING PLAN
The permitting plan will explain the permitting and notification requirements for
Site activities. During the Preliminary Design, several tasks were identified that may
require the acquisition of a permit, or the procurement of a license or certification to
implement the procedure or action. The Contractor will be responsible for obtaining the
necessary documents for construction of the facilities to support the BCD Process System
operations, excavation/backfill activities and installation and operation of the BCD
Process System. A preliminary list of the permits, licenses or certifications is presented
below. Additional information may be obtained from the NCDENR Environmental
Permit Information Center (919-733-1398). The agencies responsible for issuing these
permits will be identified during the final design phase.
Permit, License or Certification
Earth Disturbance Permit
Erosion and Sediment Control Permit
Utility Location Plan
Spill Contingency Plan
Excavation and Grading Permit
TSCA Operations Permit (BCD)
Transportation Permit
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
Certification Report (Documentation to NCDENR to prove successful
detoxification of the PCB Landfill was performed and completed.)
Stormwater Management/Discharge Permit
Air Permit
4.12 Permformance Demonstration Plan
During the final design and prior to construction, a performance demonstration
plan will be prepared, reviewed and finalized by the Contractor, appropriate regulatory
agencies, and the Working Group. The purpose of the performance demonstration plan is
to provide data to validate required operating permits prior to full-scale operations, as
well as to establish operating parameters which will be monitored during full scale
operations.
A conceptual outline for this plan is presented in Appendix B to this report. A
section will include the numerous permits that were procured for the detoxification and
how the test will verify that those permit conditions were met prior to full scale operation.
A detailed equipment description will be provided (including drawings) to indicate where
process measurements will be taken to verify compliance with operating conditions and
verify safety to the community. The organization at the site will be described to provide
the names of the individuals responsible for conducting and monitoring the performance
test. The characteristics of the waste to be treated will be summarized for the
contaminants of concern. Procedures for collection and storage of wastewater (and
storm water) will be provided. Locations for monitoring of process variables during the
ETG Environmental, Inc./ICF Kaiser 48 March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
performance test will be provided. The stack gas monitoring during the test will be
described. A section will describe in detail the BCD operating conditions that will be
monitored and documented to establish the conditions that will be monitored to ensure
efficient, effective operation of the system components. A section will describe how the
BCD operating conditions will be established and recorded such that effective operation
of the BCD system is ensured. The schedule of the Performance test will be defined in a
section. There will be a summary of how the performance test results will be recorded
and reported. A section will describe how operations will be conducted after the
performance test has been completed. A section will describe full scale operational
procedures, and routine inspection and maintenance procedures that will be performed
during operations. Appendices to the test plan could include correspondence, design
criteria, performance standards, air modeling information, background information,
permit information, testing methodology, etc. As can be seen, the plan will be
comprehensive and will ensure that all necessary steps are taken to ensure a safe
operation which is protective of workers and the surrounding community and its
environment.
4.13 AIR MONITORING PLAN
To monitor the potential migration of air emissions from the PCB Landfill during
on-site activities, and to protect on-site personnel and the surrounding community, an air
monitoring plan will be prepared. This plan discusses proposed activities, procedures and
equipment to be used and data to be collected to fulfill this task. Development of this
ETG Environmental, lnc./ICF Kaiser 49 March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
plan will be coordinated with the information contained within the Health and Safety
Plan to ensure that all health and safety concerns are addressed. It is anticipated that three
types of air monitoring may be implemented during activities that involve intrusive work.
A brief discussion of each type is provided below.
Treatment System Air Monitoring: Air emissions monitoring will be performed during
on-site operation of the BCD Process system. This monitoring will be conducted in
accordance with the units operating permit and will be coordinated with personnel air
monitoring activities and real time perimeter air monitoring activities (if required).
On-Site Personnel Monitoring: Real time monitoring for organic vapors (including
PCBs )/and or dusts will be conducted continuously during the performance of activities
involving intrusive work, such as excavating. The frequency of monitoring, the
equipment used, the monitoring procedures and ancillary tasks ( calibration, equipment
operation, data collection and validation, personnel protection) will be provided in this
plan or the Health and Safety Plan.
Perimeter Monitoring: Perimeter monitoring at the site boundary will be performed on a
routine basis to monitor for the potential migration of dust (particulate matter or PM 2.5)
and PCBs. The final air monitoring plan will be developed during the final design,
however, it is anticipated that samples will be routinely and systematically taken during
the day shift when excavation is being conducted and analyzed. On-site personnel
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
monitoring will also indicate if a potential concern exists with air quality that can not be
mitigated by engineering controls such as dust suppression or operating procedures.
The perimeter air monitoring plan will utilize information obtained from specified
perimeter monitoring locations. The locations of the perimeter air monitoring devices
will be based on current and historical local climatological data, consisting of wind speed
and direction, frequency and current atmospheric conditions. The locations will be
selected using a wind rose so that data is collected from at least two prevailing upwind
and prevailing downwind points, regardless of wind direction. This monitoring rationale
will allow a determination to be made as to whether emissions are originating from an
off-site area or from on-site intrusive activities. Appropriate instrumentation will be
incorporated to obtain the necessary data. Qualitative and quantitative data will be
collected to evaluate the quality of air in and around the vicinity of the work.
A preliminary table of contents for the air monitoring plan is contained in Appendix C.
4.14 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN
In conjunction with the development of the Final Design, a Quality Assurance
Project Plan (QAPP) will be developed. The site-specific QAPP will identify the quality
of data required according to end use, define the field sampling and analytical methods
required to achieve the data quality objectives, identify procedures to control data quality,
and identify procedures to document the achievement of data quality objectives. The
QAPP prepared for field activities will be based on standard operating procedures for
environmental sampling and QNQC plans of the selected laboratory. These will be
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
augmented and modified based on USEPA Region IV requirements. The QAPP will
present the policies, organization, objectives, functional activities, and specific QNQC
plan activities designed to achieve the data quality goals of the remedial action
investigation and data collection efforts. The plan will include the numbers and types of
QA samples utilized in the field and by the laboratory to assure that the data meet the
established objectives. Specific requirements for field and laboratory equipment
maintenance and calibration will be addressed. The QAPP will present procedures for
sample management and documentation from field collection, shipment, analysis,
reporting of results, and residual sample storage to final disposal. Field sampler
decontamination procedures, and requirements for handling and disposal of wastes
generated as a result of the site activities will also be identified.
4.15 HEALTHANDSAFETYPLAN
A site-specific Health and Safety Plan (HASP) will be developed and will include
a detailed review and assessment of site data collected to date and will focus on the level
of personnel protection actually required for ongoing operations. The HASP will be used
for all field activities. It establishes action levels that provide realistic levels of
protection based on changing site conditions and different activities being performed.
4.16 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN
Quality Assurance requirements for performance of construction and during
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Preliminary Design Report-BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
implementation of the BCD Process will be established in the Construction Quality
Assurance Plan (CQAP). Regarding construction activities, the CQAP contains
procedures for developing data and for reporting data that will be representative of the
work performed at the Site. It will also establish procedures to confirm that construction
quality meets technical design specifications. The CQAP will discuss minimum treatment
standards, as established by the state of North Carolina, and installation and operations
requirements. A preliminary Table of Contents of the CQAP is contained in Appendix F.
4.17 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Technical Specifications will be developed to provide specific infomation on
material and procedures to be used during construction. A table of contents for Technical
Specifications is contained in Appendix G.
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
5.0 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
5.1 COMMUNITY OVERSIGHT/FUNDING
While the primary goal of the project is the safe detoxification of the PCB
Landfill utilizing the BCD process, maximum community involvement at all project
levels is critical to the actual and perceived success of implementation of the
detoxification project. The Joint State PCB Landfill Working Group has forged a new
direction for collaborative efforts in an Environmental Justice community. Therefore, a
secondary goal of the project is to ensure full and effective community involvement that
serves environmental justice, protection of public health, and economic recovery from
years of negative impacts of the landfill on the local community.
A Citizens Advisory Board (CAB), as a committee to the Working Group, would
be established to accomplish this secondary goal. The CAB would be supported by an
independent science advisor(s) to assist in understanding the complex technical issues
regarding detoxification of the landfill. The Public Information Officer (PIO) of the
NCDENR Division of Waste Management would work closely with the Design/Build
Contractor's Program Management, Public Relations, and QA/QC personnel to ensure
effective communication to the CAB.
The CAB would be expected to maintain an information repository open to the
public, conduct regular meetings, offer community open houses, publish a regular
newsletter, be fully accountable for use of state funds, and work with local public and
private organizations to optimize the economic benefits to the local community.
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In addition to monitoring the technical aspects of the project, the CAB could also
serve to monitor the possible utilization of local/minority residents and businesses at the
PCB Landfill. The numbers of people needed and qualifications are discussed more fully
in Section 5.2. The Design Build Contractor could utilize a designated coordinator to
ensure maximum local/minority economic impact through subcontracting.
The relatively small funding amount required for this CAB could be added to the
overall detoxification costs requested of the state legislature as outlined in Section 6.0.
5.2 ECONOMIC BENEFITS
It is currently anticipated that the detoxification of the PCB Landfill will have a
significant positive economic impact to the community. The benefits will be both short
term and long term in nature. The short term benefit will represent employment
opportunities which will exist for a one to two year duration as final design and
construction activities commence. Also, utilization of local businesses for supplies,
materials and services for the project is also a short term benefit. The long term benefits
include the ability of now trained, experienced laborers and mechanics to gain
meaningful employment in the environmental services industry.
The estimated size of the construction force required for full scale detoxification
will be in excess of 35 individuals. At least 25 of these individuals will be hired locally.
The positions to be filled include the following:
1) Operators -At least 19 operators will be required for the project. All training
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
will be provided by the contractor and is included in the project costs. A high
school education is necessary, mechanical aptitude and experience with
process/material handling equipment in a factory or farming setting is required.
2) Mechanics - 3 mechanics will be hired locally to repair and maintain equipment
as necessary. Training will be provided by the contractor. Strong mechanical
aptitude and appropriate experience with process/material handling equipment is
required.
3) Electrician -one electrician will be required.
4) Clerk -One office administrative assistant will be required.
Anticipated hourly wages would be $12-14/hour for operators, $15-20/hour for
mechanics/electricians and $10-13/hour for the office staff.
In addition to the labor needs, significant economic benefits would be available to
local businesses for supplies, material and services required for detoxification. The
following items are anticipated to be required:
• Fuel oil or gas
• Electrical supplies
• Electrical construction
• Mechanical construction
• Safety equipment and gear
• Heavy equipment
• Monitoring equipment
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
• Food services
• Security
• Fencing
• Electricity
• Sanitary supplies
• Tools
• Chemical reagents
• Housing and temporary living
These services and supplies could easily provide approximately $3 million into
the local economy during the construction phase of the project. With the benefits oflocal
hiring, approximately $5 million of economic benefit could be achieved, and these levels
could prove to be conservative.
5.3 EDUCATIONAL BENEFITS
The detoxification of the PCB Landfill would provide an ideal opportunity to
provide environmental education for the Warren County and other regional school
systems. The Design/Build contractor, in conjunction with the State PIO and CAB, could
provide on-site seminars to local schools to discuss the project. In addition, data from the
design and operations of the detoxification can be made available for science related
research projects.
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
6.0 COST ESTIMATE
6.1 ASSUMPTIONS/UNCERTAINTIES
The cost estimate has been prepared based upon the design documents and
drawings contained in this report. At this phase of the project, contingencies to this cost
estimate are required due to the following items: 1) regulatory/permitting
uncertainties/delays, 2) modifications required for the detoxification project based on
final design changes, and 3) variations in contaminated material quantities or physical/
chemical characteristics. Due to these uncertainties, a 10% contingency has been
assumed and added to the cost estimate as illustrated in section 6.2.
The following assumptions have been made to develop the cost estimate for this
preliminary design phase:
1. 60,000 tons of material to be processed. The contract issued for design/detoxification
should have provisions for additions/deletions based upon actual quantities processed.
Average moisture content of 10-12% has been assumed. Average concentrations of
500 parts per million (ppm) for PCBs has been assumed. Additional volumes of
material to be treated would cost approximately $250/ton.
2. Project schedule as attached in section 6-3. Thirty-nine (39) weeks have been allowed
for permitting and planning/final design activities. Significant uncertainties exist in
the numbers of permits required and the time required to obtain these permits. Also,
uncertainties exist regarding approvals of plans required during final design and pre-
construction activities. These uncertainties could impact schedule and costs. Delays in
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
approving the results of the performance plan to allow for full scale operations could
also affect the schedule.
3. Inclement weather or other force majeure conditions could affect the project schedule
and impact costs.
4. A complete scope of work has been assumed including the following components:
a) Design including permitting and plan submittal. Includes TSCA
permit application and all plan preparation as described in this
report.
b) Mobilization including:
• Labor
• Transporting BCD equipment to the site
• Training
• Physicals
c) Site Preparation/set-up including:
• Labor
• Crane Rentals
• Pad and Structure Installation
• Electrical Connections
• Water Distribution
• Fencing
• Decon Pad Installation
• Office Trailers
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Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification
• Stockpile Areas Construction
• Road Construction
• Safety Gear
d) Start-up including:
• Labor
• Fuel Oil ($0.80/Gal)
• Electricity ($.06/Kwhr)
• Heavy equipment
• Performance Test Including Stack
Monitoring and Analysis
• Maintenance of Equipment
• Safety Gear
e) Detoxification of 60,000 tons of material, including:
• Labor
• Fuel Oil
• Electricity
• Water
• BCD Equipment
• Reagent Silo/mixing System
• BCD Reagents
• Safety gear
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Warren County Landfill
March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
• Confirmation/Verification Analysis
• Maintenance of Equipment
• Water Treatment Equipment (lamps and carbon)
• Perimeter Air Monitoring
• Strip Topsoil Cap
• Strip Day Cap
• Excavate PCB Soils
• Backfill Treated Soil
• Install Landfill Cover
• Seeding/Revegetation
f) Decontamination and Dismantling including:
• Labor
• Electrical Disconnect
• Water Piping Disconnect
• Crane Rental
• Safety Gear
g) Demobilization including:
• Labor
• Transporting BCD Equipment from Site
• Physicals
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Preliminary Design Report-BCD Detoxification Warren County Landfill
5. A major uncertainty in all cleanups of toxic waste sites is the exact amount of
material to be treated. In this case, it is clear that all buried materials inside the
landfill will be treated. However, it is not entirely clear whether there may be
materials outside the landfill with sufficiently high concentrations of PCBs and
perhaps dioxins/furans to warrant cleanup (i.e., above the cleanup standards). Some
limited evidence of contamination outside the landfill was found in the site
investigation during the initial part of the design phase of the detoxification project.
An additional investigation including testing of subsurface soils and groundwater
relatively close to the landfill, sufficient to support decisions on excavation
boundaries (if any) outside the landfill, will be performed. An estimated cost of
$100,000 for this activity is included in the total estimated project cost.
6. $200,000 in costs have been estimated for funding for the Working Group, the PCB
office, the Citizens Advisory Board (CAB), and Science Advisors.
6.2 ESTIMATED COSTS
The estimated costs to perform the scope of work as described in Section 5-1 are
broken down into phases.
They are as follows:
• Final design including permit
preparation and plan submittal
ETG Environmental, Inc./ICF Kaiser 62
Estimated Costs
$539,000.00
March 1998
Preliminary Design Report -BCD Detoxification
• Working Group, PCB office, CAB,
Science Advisors
• Supplemental Site Investigation
• Mobilization
• Site Preparation/Set-up
• Start-up/Performance
Demonstration Test
• Excavation
• Soil/Water Treatment
• Analytical (Performance test,
soil, water, air monitoring)
• Backfill
• Reclamation
• Decon, Dismantle, Demob
ESTIMATED COSTS
CONTINGENCY
TOT AL ESTIMATED COSTS
ETG Environmental, Inc./ICF Kaiser 63
Warren County Landfill
$200,000.00
$100,000.00
$435,800.00
$2,614,400.00
$487,300.00
$798,100.00
$13,457,600.00
$1,167,000.00
$930,000.00
$74,000.00
$1,092,800.00
$21,796,000.00
$2,079,000.00
$23,975,000.00
March 1998
ARREN COUNTY PCB LANDFILL ARRENTON, NC. . ECTION 6.3 ROPOSED PROJECT SCHEDULE PLAN SUBMI,T / PERMIT PROCUREMENT (39 weeks) MOBILIZATION/ SITE PREP/ EQUIPMENT SET-UP (14 weeks) START-UP/ PERF DEMONSTRATION (4 weeks) PROCESSING (60 weeks) DECON/DISMANTLE/DEMOBE (8 weeks) 1998 I 1999 I 2000 M J JASON DJ FM AM J JASON DJ FM AM J JASON DIJ H ~ 64
Figure 1
Detoxification Equipment Pictures
Continuous Indirect Heat Thermal Desorption System -------------------·----~ -=-u Envlronmenul, Inc.
Therm-O-Detox Batch Vacuum System ---------------------·-·-··---------·------------------------------------------_Jll!!!!II ... -=-u Environment.al, Inc.
BCD -Chemical Dehalogenation • Destroys Recalcitrant Contami11ants: -PCBs -Dioxins I Furans -Pesticiltes • Licensed from EPA-RREL • Coupled to ETG's ~ Therm-O ... Detox-System ----------------------=====================================================--~ ~-u Environmental, Inc.
Figure 2
Process Flow Diagrams
SCREENED CONTAMINATED MATERIALS • PARTICULATE REMOVAL j VAPOR DISCHARGES INDIRECT HEAT SOURCE ..... ., ;•.oOOoR I .. I MEDIUM TEMPERATURE THERMAL DESORPTION (MTTD) • SOILS WILL BE PREMIXED WITH SOLID PHASE BCD REAGENTS. DRAWN BY: MAR ll.\TE: 3/20/98 RE'JISIOH , 0 C:\DWG\ETC\COlffiNUOUS.DWG WATER SUPPLY ,, ·.•, ', •, •,•, TO MTTD UNIT OR COOLING UNIT COOLING UNIT DECONTAMINATED SOIL WET SCRUBBING/QUENCHING CONDENSING SYSTEM TO WATER TREATMENT, LIQUID PHASE BCD AND PRODUCT RECOVERY TO ATMOSPHERE FLAMELESS WET ESP THERMAL OXIDIZER CONDENSER/ESP WATER SUPPLY HEAT EXCHANGER COOLING TOWER RECYCLE PUMP PRELIMINARY a ETG ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. I:: f 16 Hagerty Blvd., West Chester PA 19382•[phone] PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM -CONTINUOUS THERM-0-DETOX SYSTEM WITH BCD (DECHLORINATION)
SCREENE0 CONTAMINATED MATERIALS • PARTICULATE REMOVAL VAPOR DISCHARGES FEED y I :~ONVEYOR INDIRECT ... I I I I I I I ,, HEAT I I I I I SOURCE MEDIUM TEMPERATURE THERMAL DESORPTION (MTTD) • SOILS WILL BE PREMIXED WITI-1 SOLID PHASE BCD REAGENTS. DRAWN BY: l4'R MTE: J/20/98 REVISION f 0 C:\OWG\ETG' _BATCH.owe TO MTTD UNIT OR COOLING UNIT ., ', •• ', ', ', '1 COOLING Ut IIT DECONTAMINATED SOIL WET SCRUBBING/ QUENCHING CONDENSING SYSTEM WATER SUPPLY TO ATMOSPHERE VACUUM PUMP CHILLER/ CONDENSER CONDENSATE STORAGE TO WATER TREATMENT, LIQUID PHASE BCD AND PRODUCT RECOVERY FLAMELESS THERMAL OXIDIZER PRELIMINARY A!!'IP'~ ETG ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. Sii •.. 16 Hagerty Blvd., West Chester PA 19382•{610)431-9100 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM -BATCH VACUUM THERM-O-DETOX SYSTEM WITH BCD (DECHLORINATION)
Figure 3
Project Implementation Chart
Figure 3 GENERAL PROJECT IMPLENTATION CHART QA/QC/ Data Compilation Program Management Public Relations Design DENR Design/Build Contractor Technology Construction Working Group and Science Advisors Local/Minority Business Utilization
Appendix A
DRAWINGS
SOUTH EXISTING COVER CONSISTING (rROM TOP DOWN) I. VEGETATION 2. 1 2" TOPSOIL J. 12" FILL •· 10 MIL GEOMEMBRANE 5. 24" CLAY 6. 12" FILL EXCAVATE COITTAMlt,IATEO SOILS mo HAUL BY TRUCK TO TREAT-MEITT AREA AT NORTH END OF SITE. USE CONTAMIN.t.TED ROAD ON WEST SIDE OF SITE IMPLEMENT DUST CONTROL MEASURES AS NEEDED 1> / / 6° TO 12" THICK FILL----....J LAYER TO REMAIN ANO ACT AS SHIELD FOR PCB SOILS +++++++ COVEii EXPOSE'O SLOPE WITH TARP WHEN NOT EXCAVATING (OPTIONAi.) + + ♦ + + + J ·~ +++++++ ~ + + + L'"'-1.5 ++1~ ---y fa STRIP 12" TOPSOIL LAYER, 12· FILL LAYER ANO 24" CLAY LAYER. STOCKPILE CLAY ANO TOPSOIL ON SOUTH OR EAST SIDE OF LANDrlLL FOR USE IN CONSTRUCTION OF FIN.t.l. COVER. CLE,t.N TRUCKS HAULING STRIPPED MATERIAL EXIT TO EAST SIDE OF SITE. EXPOSED FACE OF PCB SOIL TO BE EXCAVATED IN A SOUTHERN DIRECTION ·••15-....... + 1/ ♦ ♦ .. •. +'-I + + + + + + ~ l-.---------50 ± + + + + + + 0NSTRUC'110N STORM WATER RUNOfl' ♦ ♦ ♦-♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ~ ~ """°"'~-PUMP TO POND L _,_,d +•~_:-~+--,;;;:-+ :i---+---+---+ ~+ ''---4-.u-~-------· ---g,,rsil;~N'c.~ (~~'10i1~;N) , . rlLtE:R FABRIC 2. 9" SANO (LEACHATE COLLrCTlON) 3. 60• CLAY 4. 12" F'lLL 5. JO MIL PVC GEOMEMBRAHE 6. 9• SAND (LEACHATE COLLECTION) EXISTING 30 MIL PVC GEOMEMBRANE c:::-o:;ro FACE OF TREATED SOIL TO BE BACKF'lll.£0 IN A NORTHERN DIRECTION F'lNAL EXCAV.t.TION Cu'TH TO BE OCTERMINEO BY COtlf'lRW.TION/ VERIF'lCATION SAMPUNG. REMOVE F'lLTER FABRIC, g• SAND LAY[R AND 3" TO 6° OF CLAY PRIOR TO SAMPLING. PUNCH HOLES THROUCH UNDISTURBED POR'110N OF LOWER LINER. CONSTRUCT COMPACTED SOIL BERM OR INSTALL TUBE BERM TO MAINTAIN SEPARATION OF CLEm/CONSTRUCTlOH SURFACE WATER RUNOfT. MOVE/ RECONSTRUCT BERM AS NEEDED TYPICAL EXCAVATION SECTION NORTH TO SOUTH NOT TO SCALE JCIINQ.; 1'0IIOI00000 "lOf 5CAL[: 1• I su,no ON· o,n'I• 111:~ O/OfJ/00 NORTH 500·:1: PROPOSED F'lNAL COVER CONSISTING OF (FROM TCP DOWN) I. VEGET.t.TIOt,1 2. 12• TOPSOIL 3. 12" GENERAL nLL 4. 24" CLAY K < h10"1 cm/s MIN. SLOPE 5~ TOP OF ORIGINAL PCB LANDFILL LINER SYSTEM SOIL TREATED BY BCD PROCESS BACKFILLED INTO LANDrlLL IN UNIFORM HORIZONTAL LIFTS ACROSS WIDTH OF LANDFILL ANO COMPACT(O outj5TV .,_.. ll(COOO ♦ICFKAISER SCAL.t: AS SMO,..,. [)AT{, JAN. TYPICAL [XCA \IA TIQ+I SECTION IH~[' ., • C)RAWN BT: 0. [YAW'!;. CH£CK[D BY: PJS (/r NO. J0t5!,00:;' SH[(T MJW9[R ol C)AAWIHG NVWBCR • 70809-PC':'
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Appendix B
PERFORMANCE DEMONSTRATION PLAN
OUTLINE
Appendix B
Performance Demonstration Plan
Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Required Performance Standards/Permit Conditions
3.0 Equipment Description
4.0 Testing/Operations Organization
5.0 Waste Feed Characterization
6.0 Wastewater Handling, Collection and Storage Procedures
7.0 Monitoring Procedures
8.0 Stack Gas Monitoring/Perimeter Air Monitoring
9.0 BCD Operating Conditions
10.0 Operating Conditions Monitoring
11.0 Performance Testing Schedule
12.0 Performance Test Results Summary
13.0 Post Performance Test Operations
14.0 Full Scale Operations
15.0 Routine Inspection and Maintenance Procedures
Appendices
(Information will include correspondence, Design Criteria,
Performance Standards, Air Modeling Information,
Background Information, Permit Information, Testing
Methodology, etc.)
Appendix C
AIR MONITORING PLAN OUTLINE
Appendix C
Air Monitoring Plan Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Air Monitoring Activities
3.0 Perimeter Air Monitoring
4.0 Operating Procedures
Appendix D
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN OUTLINE
Appendix D
Quality Assurance Project Plan Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Project Organization
3.0 Quality Assurance Objectives
4.0 Field Operations and Sampling Procedures
5.0 Decontamination
6.0 Laboratory Operations
7 .0 Data Validation
8.0 Performance and System Audits
9.0 Corrective Action
10.0 Quality Assurance Reports
Appendix E
HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN OUTLINE
Appendix E
Health and Safety Plan Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Project Organization and Responsibilities
3.0 Scope of Work
4.0 Hazard Evaluation
5.0 Site Control Procedures
6.0 Personal Protection Requirements
7.0 Decontamination and Disposal Procedures
8.0 Site Emergencies
9.0 Training Requirements
10.0 Medical Monitoring Requirements
11.0 Reporting
Appendix F
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN
OUTLINE
Appendix F
Construction Quality Assurance Project Plan (CQAPP)
Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Project Organization
3.0 Permits
4.0 Documentation
5.0 Soils Inspection
6.0 Geomembrane Inspection
7.0 Concrete Inspection
8.0 Wood Inspection
9.0 Aggregate Inspection
10.0 Utility Inspection
11.0 Landfill Excavation
12.0 Final Cover System
13.0 Certification Report
Appendix G
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OUTLINE
Appendix G
Technical Specifications Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Special Conditions or Provisions
3.0 Site Conditions
4.0 Schedule of Values
5.0 Mobilization and Demobilization
6.0 Clearing and Grading
7.0 Construction Layout and Survey
8.0 Site Preparation
9.0 Excavation and Fill Placement
10.0 Access Road Construction
11.0 Staging Area(s) Construction
12.0 Concrete Construction
13.0 Wood Construction
14.0 Surface and Subsurface Drainage
15.0 Utility Installation
16.0 Landfill Excavation
17.0 Stormwater Management
18.0 BCD System
19.0 Treated Soil Backfill
20.0 Final Cover Construction
21.0 Fencing
22.0 Vegetation
23.0 Site Cleanup and Damage Repair
24.0 Geomembrane/Fabric Filter Liners
Appendix H
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
Appendix H
Emergency Response Plan
Outline
1.0 Purpose
2.0 General
3.0 Emergency Coordinators
4.0 Communication
5.0 Contingency Plan Excavation and Implementation
6.0 Emergency Contact Authorities
7.0 Chemical/Waste Identities and Characteristics
8.0 Emergency Response Procedures for Spills, Fire and Explosions
8.1 Liquid Spill
8.2 Solid Spill
8.3 Training of Local Response/Rescue Agencies
8.4 Accidental Spill of PCBs
8.5 Fire
8.6 Explosion
9.0 Available Emergency Control Equipment
10.0 Excavation Plan