NCD980602163_19830901_Warren County PCB Landfill_SERB C_Final Report for PCB Waste Disposal-OCR

NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF CRIME CONTROL
AND PUBLIC SAFETY
FINAL REPORT
PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SITE
WARREN COUNTY, N.C.
SEPTEMBER, 1983
Prepared By:
SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT BRANCH
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SECTION
DIVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES
Introduction
FINAL REPORT
PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SITE
WARREN COUNTY
The decision to remove the approximately 40,000 cubic yards of PCB
contaminated soil along public roads by the state of North Carolina was based
upon the availability of a secure disposal facility. Such a facility is
regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) administered by the
United States Environmental Protection Agency.
The State of North Carolina applied for permission to utilize a 140-acre
tract of land, owned by the State and located in Warren County, to construct,
operate, and maintain an Annex II PCB Landfill. The site and operational
plans were approved conditionally by the Environmental Protection Agency in
correspondence dated June 4, 1979. Additional conditions were added on
December 14, 1981.
Pre-Operation Phase Activities
The North Carolina Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Branch was chosen
by the PCB Remedial Action Project coordinators in the Department of Crime
Control and Public Safety to ensure construction and environmental monitoring
compliance with the Environmental Protection Agency's approval conditions.
This was made clear in a pre-construction meeting located at the site on June
10, 1982.
Of primary importance in pre-operation activities was the establishment of
background data on groundwater and surface water around the site. This is
imperative for any long-term environmental monitoring program associated with
such disposal facilities. The initial groundwater monitoring wells were
constructed according to the Environmental Protection Agency approved
standards when general site construction started (June 21, 1982). These wells
were found to be unsatisfactory by the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management and replacement wells were installed, with the
Environmental Protection Agency's approval the first week of July. One of
these replacement wells was vandalized on August 5, 1982, and was again
reinstalled. The Environmental Protection Agency stated that the "closing
out" of unusable groundwater monitoring using cement would not jeopardize the
collection of representative groundwater samples from monitoring wells in the
immediate vicinity. Groundwater and surface water background chemical data
was collected using the Environmental Protection Agency-approved methodologies
and analytical techniques (see attachment I).
Vandals damaged the 30-mil PVC liner on August 21 or August 22, 1983.
Repairs were made and certified by a representative of the liner supplier.
The Environmental Protection Agency inspected the repair work on August 27,
1982, and gave verbal approval at that time to continue construction.
Inspections by the North .Carolina Division of Environmental Management to
ensure compliance with North Carolina Sedimentation and Erosion Control Laws ,
were conducted on August 3, 1982, and August 25, 1982 (see attachments II and
III).
l
Measurements of in-place saturated hydraulic conductivities of the clay
liner were taken on September 12, 1982, in accordance with Environmental
Protection Agency permit conditions. All measurements showed the liner to
meet or exceed regulatory requirement (see attachment IV).
Operation Phase Activities
Placement of the contaminated soil into the prepared landfill commenced on
September 15, 1982. The last load of contaminated soil was delivered on
November 17, 1982. The total volume of contaminated soil was estimated at just
under the projected 40,000 cubic yards. An attempt to calculate the average
concentrations of PCB in the contaminated soil was made on October 7, 1982,
following advice given by Mr. Ralph Jennings, Toxic Substances Section,
Environmental Protection Agency. Composite samples were collected at six
locations in the contaminated soil fill. Each sample consisted of a composite
of material from six foot deep borings~ The average concentration of PCB's in
the landfill as determined by the October 7, 1982, sampling event was 135 ppm
(see attachment V).
Operational phase monitoring of groundwater, surface water, and surface
water sediments was conducted on October 5, 1982, and October 28, 1982 (see
attachment I).
Post-Operational Phase Activities
Final placement of the topsoil covering over the clay and PVC cap was
impeded by wet weather conditions, The North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management inspected the landfill for compliance with erosion
control regulations on November 5, 1982 and November 17, 1982 (see attachment
II). The lack of an adequate stabilized topsoil cover resulted in the
uncovering of the PVC cap due to accelerated erosion during January, 1983.
The lack of the topsoil covering's weight on the PVC cap allowed decomposition
gases to accumulate in bubbles under the PVC cap instead of being forced
through the gas vent located at a single location at the center of the
landfill. These bubbles were pierced and temporary venting pipes installed to
prevent gas buildup until weather conditions allowed the contractor to repair
the PVC cap and finish the placement of topsoil.
Analyses of gases venting from the single permanent vent and the temporary
vents by the North Carolina Department of Human Resources and the United
States Environmental Protection Agency showed them to consist primarily of
methane with concentrations of PCB's far below OSHA standards.
Post-operational phase environmental monitoring of groundwater, surface
water, and surface water sediments was permformed on November 29, 1982, and
May 16, 1983. Identical monitoring events will occur each November and May
until the United States Environmental Protection Agency Regional Administrator
and appropriate authorities of North Carolina determine otherwise.
, / The pumping of the landfill's leachate collection system to remove
V rainwater that accumulated during the operational phase commenced on March 7,
1983. Over 5,000 gallons of water were removed and treated in the site's
treatment works by June 1, 1983. Any effluent from the treatment works met
the Environmental Protection Agency's drinking water standards for PCB's.
2
Final construction of the landfill was completed on July 14, 1983. The
State of North Carolina accepted the site conditionally on July 15, 1983. All
keys to locks at the facility are in the custody of the North Carolina Solid
and Hazardous Waste Management Branch.
The Environmental Protection Agency permit conditions identifying
post-closure maintenance of the PCB landfill specify monthly inspections of
the physical structures at the landfill and the leachate collection/detection
sumps in addition to the twice a year environmental monitoring program. The
Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Branch retains responsibility for these
actions until directed otherwise by t~e Secretary of the Department of Human
Resources.
3
I
I \
Attachment I
Ronald H. Levine, M.D., M.P.H.
DIVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES
P.O. Box 2091
Raleigh, N.C. 27602-2091
MEMORANDUM
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
June 30, 1983
0. W. Strickland, Head
Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Branch
Environmental Health Section
Thomas C. Karnoski, Environmental Engineer )C'X'
Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Branch
Environmental Health Section
Environmental Monitoring of the PCB Disposal Facility
ST A TE HEAL TH DIRECTOR
Environmental monitoring of the PCB disposal facility to identify releases
from the landfill consis~ of select sampling and analyses of groundwater,
surface water, and surface water sediments. Analytical parameters dictated
by EPA are pH, specific conductivity, and total PCB for groundwater and
surface water and total PCB for surface water sediments. All sampling,
analytical, ·and security chain of· custody procedures rigidly follow EPA
and N. C. Division of Health Services accepted methodologies.
Locations of the four groundwater monitoring wells were designated by EPA
as were the four surface water and surface water sediment sampling points
(see attachment).
The following identifies the dates that environmental monitoring events took
place:
Pre-Operation Monitoring of Groundwater to Determine Background Quality
August 20, 1982
August 30, 1982
September 6, 1982
Pre-Operational Monitoring of Surface Water and Surface Water Sediments
to Determine Background Quality
July 7, 1982
August 3, 1982
August 10, 1982
Operational Phase Monitoring of Groundwater, Surface Water and Surface
Water Sediments
' October 5, 1982
'. October 28, 1982 --~..;;,..;..._,_;__;,__:_~-----------...... .. ·. Jomes B Hunt Jr./ Soroh T. Morrow, MD , MPH ' ncO,.DT••Cfl\lT f"'\C: u,,.,,.."' DCCf"'\11orcc
Memorandum
Fage 2
June 30, 1983
Attachment I
Post-Operational Phase Monitoring of Groundwater, Surface Water, and Surface
Water Sediments (to occur indefinitely twice each year)
November 29, 1982
May 16, 1983
To date, all monitoring activity has indicated no release of PCB's are
occurring at the disposal facility. All analytical data is available as
a part of public record.
A functional aspect of the landfill's design is a mechanism to remove free
liquid from the waste mass and hence eliminate material that has migration
(or release) potential. Pumping of the leachate collection system cotmnenced
on March 7, 1983 and continued at various intervals through June 1, 1983.
;
Approximately 5,000 gallons of free liquids were removed from the landfill
and treated at the landfill's treatment works. Below are dates where water
analytical work was .conducted on influent and effluent water of the treat-
ment system:
March
April
May
June
7,
1,
10,
1
11,
5,
25
14, 16, 21, 22,
7, 11, 12, 13,
..
23, 24, 28, 29, 30
14, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 27
·--. .. .. ~ ..
The highest concentration of PCB's detected in the influent water was 2.47
ppb [)..47 (10-7)% by weight]. All effluent analyses show PCB concentrations
less than .1 ppb acio-8)% by weight]. Attached are allowable concentrations
of PCB's in food and feed products according to 29 CFR 109(B). Effluent from
the treatment works meets EPA drinking water standards.
Over fifty-five private drinking water wells from residents in the area around
the landfill were sampled in January of 1983. All analytical data showed no
detectable levels of PCB's.
TCK:ct
Attachments
(
Attachment II
WIDFILl DiS?EC-:!CN RE.PO?.!'
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RES?O~SIBU:: -CO~!.!: ________ CITY OR. 'IO~ -----------
.,, ···.
1. \.las erosic~ a::id sediment control plan prepared? __ ✓_ yes ___ no, if yes, b)'
2.
.3.
4.
5.
\:hem __ s _____ v __ ~ __ ,<..:_DJ_· _P_~_-_P.i.....:..;A-....:.'1'te.;;;.:::::;-'-~L:,...__•
~as plan revie~ed by Land Quality Sectio:l pri~r to ~itiaticu of landfill opera·
__ /_yes ___ no .,,,... ..
Is the plan presently beil:lg followed? V yes no
Has plan beec. followed at anytime prior ~o ~n.spec_t_i_o_n_?_ ~~s ___ no
If plan has been followed previously anc ll:"., is not being followed, explain as
~by and how. Who is responsible? ~ffe ------,+------------------
6. Size of landfill and details as to exte:: l.:lder development at time of inspect
;,:.._--.a,_~-:c, " --. --CJ -l ~ :· ...... .. --
Location of aJlY and all vatercourses th.at could be da.naged by sediment.
Dk&JJh'-
7. · Type and exte..~t of
~ \J £. ,J :CU fru ~ /0 12... / ~£CK-CfZ-f<::-. (%_
µ~
offsite (beyond prope=ey boun~a:ies) sedimentation problem!
have taken place or are presently taki~g pla=e. E.:rplain:
8. H~ve local and state perso~nel resoc:si:le fo~ la.::.~fill activities been coope:
and de~onstrated a willingness to ~ke =he p=og=a= su:ceed? ~es __ _
Explain: j ~"""-~ M tf7,.J--rE)--IA AA::.£.. c>,'11!-<3 I t-r· r:::£Aic€
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,ff-A-} ,=.,(...,'-E'° /ramAI ::t:-1 \ rd A.¥-Lo o,c-
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Attachment II
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Attachment III
LAXD:Iil I!'iS~2C-::~1 ?20?..!
!.OC..U'IC~: Sfc
RES?C!lSIBLE:
__ ... -
co~!.:: --CITY OR TQT,.~ -------
l. ~as erosio~ ~ sediment control plan p=e?a:ed? ~es no, if yes, ---
2. i;as plan revie~ed by Laod Quality Sectic:i prior to ir.itiation of landfill ope·
~s ___ no
3. Is the plan presently beillg followed?
4. Ras plan been followed at anytice prior ~o i:::!.Spectio~?
~-t/ yes ___ no
5. If plan has been followed previously and n='--1 is not being followed, explain,
why and_how. Who is responsible? ,-J /Jr ------=--... ,--=------------
6. Size of landfill and details as to exte~: \!:leer cevelopment at time of inspe
-~· ·'i½ /ire-, Dr rriJ ~pf:, u.-'-.:,;.c..A:,J O::U D +: ./Jou Fb >,..io U,-.Jo~ ea c •.
Location of any a~d all ~-atercourses th.at could be da.?.aged by sed:!Jnent.
7. · Type and exte.~t of offsite (beyond prope:-cy bounta=ies) sediI:1.entation problE
have tak~n place or are p=esently taki~s pl.ace. E.:rplain:
•
8. H~ve local and state perso~nel for la.::.tfill activities been coo:
~es __
E:cplain:
9. Corrective ~ction need~d:
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Attachment IV
/
SOIL & MATERIAL ENGINEERS INC. ENGINEERING-TESTING-INSPECTION
3109 Spring Forest Road, Box 58069, Raleigh, NC 27658-8069, Phone [phone]
September 14, 1982
Sverdrup & Parcel Associates, Inc.
2211 W. Meadowview Road
Suite 114
Greensboro, North Carolina 27409
Attention: Mr. Frank B. Rainey, Jr., P.E.
Subject:
Gentlemen:
Permeability Test Results of
In-Place Clay Liner
PCB Landfill Site
Warren County, North Carolina
S&ME Job No. 053-82-240-A
/
. As requested by Sverdrup & Parcel Associates, undisturbed
samples were taken of the in-place clay liner at the subject project for
permeability testing. Five (5) laboratory permeability tests were
performed on representative samples taken at the locations indicated on
the attached tabulation of test results. Falling head permeability tests
were performed in accordance with procedures outlined in the Corps of
Engineers Engineering Manual 1110-2-1906, Appendix VII. The tests
reveal that the in-situ clay liner material has permeability values
ranging from 3.0 x 10-B to 1.0 x 10-7 cm/sec. See attached Tabulation
of Fal1ing Head Permeability test results.
If you have any questions, please contact us.
Very truly yours,
SOIL & MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC.
r2/ 72 · £;;;-: Browning, P.E.
"
Manager Construction Servi s
JRB:mgm
Attachment
cc: Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety
Attention: Mr. William Phillips
RALEIGH, GREENSBORO, ASHEVILLE, WILMINGTON, FAYETTEVILLE, CHARLOTTE, NC
SPARTANBURG, COLUMBIA, CHARLESTON, MYRTLE BEACH, SC
ATLANTA, ALBANY, GA-TRI-CITIES, KNOXVILLE, TN-MONTGOMERY, AL-CINCINNATI, OH-ORLANDO, FL
i .
Attachment IV
TABULATION OF FALLING HEAD PERMEABILITY TEST RESULTS
OF IN-PLACE CLAY LINER
PCB LANDFILL SITE
Test Number Test Location Penneabilitt coefficient {cm/se
1 10035 N 6.0 X 10 -8
9850 E
2 10035 N 3.6 X 10 -8
9750 E
3 10135 N 1.0 X 10 -7
9800 E
4 10320 N 3.0 X 10 -S
9750 E
5 10320 N 6.6 X 10 -8
9850 E
--Attachment V
North Carolina Department u/
Cri111e Contro.l~,7~
& Publl•c 5~;~-bJ:~:.-:-f7~;, ~ ~l..t. \: ..... ~-\.r
512 N. S,1/isbury Strc.>c>t P. 0. Hox 2'lt>-.·•u !<11/1.'ij, :!/, .: i /!,'.,:: "/ :"1 /:iJ /:n2;26
.James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
C.
6
f
y
Mr. Al Hanke
Environmental Scientist
EPA, Region IV .
345 Courtland St., NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
1, October 11, 1982
Re: Contaminated Soil Concentration
PCB Landfi 11
Warren County, NC
ih
::: OCT 13 ~ \~ ,-~
( Dear A1:
Enclo.sed-:-is a copy of .the. state analysis of the six soil
samples taken from the landfill on October 5, 1982.
Wl~Pj r:jj
Enc.
cc: 0. W. Strickland /
Bill Raney
Joe Lennon
Frank B. Rainey, Jr.
Sin_cerely, ~/J.~
1(= p!,~p~~ ~-
Assistant to the Secretary
_ ' · . . , Att~chment V, __ .. :.~ .. Nort:li. Caro 1 ir1.::. t ,~. •J -tment o ... Ht. ...... n F.!.:.:;u~ ~ ~ ---
. Division c i. tioc::ctlth Services
;;; .. Occupational Health L.abor~tory
..... : ANALYSIS REPORT
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Attachment VI -2-
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. f2-f2o Region ;
___ /-'/_-_5~---_8_7.._;,_ __ Date
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R.ES?O~SIBU::
. Attachment VI
L.;.'i""D:Ill n;sn:c:;:c1 ?2..?o?.:r
!.OC..-t!'IC);:
CCII'.\~: CITY OR TQT,,'N -------
Co.
l. ~as erosion a:ld sediment con~rcl plan p=e?arec? __ V_yes ___ no, if yes, by
I
vhom _____ $.__0 ..... E.. __ 12.._0....,.;;......;....1P1-..·~+1-.._.p..:;.~-=;...;;C:.::'-.::.::L=----
2 • l:as plan revieTJed by Land Quality Sec tic: pri:ir to ir.itiation of landfill operat
--~-yes ___ no
3. Is the plan presently bellg followed? ~ no ------
4. Has plan been fellowed at anytice prior ~o i1Spectio~? --~-yes ___ no
5. · If plan has beeni fellowed previously and n:--,., is not being followed, explain as t
~hy and how. Who is responsible? 0 / fr ------1e .... __,,,~.;...._-------------
6. Size of landfill and details as to exte~~ u:1tler cevilopmeot at ti!ne of i~specti
Location of any a~d all \ratercourses th~.t could be da!!laged by sediment. __ _
rz_. I C. /-h->f C... ~
7. · Type ~nd exte.~t cf offsite (beyond prop~:-cy bou:ica=ies) sedi::i.entation prcblec.s
8. H~ve local and state perso~nei respc~s!=~e fo= la.::.~fill activities been cooper
V yes __ _
Explain:
9. C~rrc:tive ~ct~on needed: N fi:.t.O
, ,-J V &-1-d o u r / e C'..A-:boe:' r
/Hibu ,-/ I)
I
/?f f.. I,_.~ T£/l. Of:-p I'-'-
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A,-o Sn c.11..1'I'-£.
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