NCD980602163_19801231_Warren County PCB Landfill_SERB C_PCB Waste Disposal Site-OCR

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PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SITE
ITEM 1111-1990
CODE 1490
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Sverdrup & Parcel
Consulting Enginee:r:s
2211 W. Meadowview Road
Suite 114
Greensboro, North Carolina 27407
Telephone No. [phone]
PCB WASTE DISPOSAL SITE SPECIFICATIONS
SECTION lA GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 2A CLEARING AND GRUBBING
SECTION 2B EARTHWORK
SECTION 2C LANDFILL CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 2D GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLS
SECTION 2E CHAIN-LINK FENCE
SECTION 2F LANDFILL LINERS
SECTION 2G FILTER FABRIC FOR LEACHATE
SYSTEM PROTECTION
SECTION 2H SOIL EROSioN ·coNTROL
SECTION 21 SEEDING
SECTION lSA CARBON FILTER SYSTEM
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SECTION IA
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
lA.--1
1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Construction of a landfill for the disposal of
approximately 40,000 cubic yards of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) con-
taminated soil. The project will consist of the construction of the land-
fill, landfill linerS carbon filter system, monitoring wells, leachate con-
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trol system, and fencing. The North Carolina Department of Transportation
will be responsible for hauling the contaminated soil to the site. The
Contractor will, under the supervision of the Engineer place and compact the
material in the landfill.
Once the landfill is ready to receive contaminated soil it is estimated that
the total time to haul the material will not exceed four weeks.
2. COORDINATION OF WORK: The Contractor shall coorperate in the coordination
of his activities with the North Carolina Department· of Transportation to
schedule the receiving of contaminated soil. The State of North Carolina will
also be responsible for sampling and testing collected runoff from the con-
taminated soil to determine if the runoff will need filtering through activated
carbon1 and for soil density tests performed on backfill.
3, PROGRESS OF CONSTRUCTION: The work shall proceed in a systematic manner
so the project can be completed as soon as possible.
4. SITE CONDITIONS
4.1 The Contractor acknowledges that he has satisfied himself as to the
nature and location of the work, the general and local conditions, particularly
those bearing upon availability of transportation, access to the site, disposal
handling and storage of materials, availability of labor, water, roads, and
lA-2
uncertainties of weather, or similar physical conditions at the site, the con-
formation and conditions of the ground, the character of equipment and
facilities needed preliminary to and during the prosecution of the work a_nd
all other matters which can in any way affect the work or the cost thereof
under this contract.
The Contractor further acknowl edges that he ha.s sanisfied himself as to the
character, quality, and quantity of surface and subsurface materia.ls to be
encountered from his inspection of the site and from reviewing any available
records of exploratory work furnished fy the Owner or included in these
documents. Failure by the Contractor to acquaint himself with the physical
conditions of the site and all the available inforamtion will not relieve him
from responsibility for properly estimating the difficulty or cost of
successfully performing the work.
The Contractor warrants that as a result of his examination and investigation
of all the aforesaid data that he can perform the work in a good and workman-
like manner and to the satisfaction of the Owner. Th~Qwoer a ~€\HB8€ uo
r~onsihility for any __ re r_esentation :..JI13~-4-t-s-ef-H ,e-eFS-•O'l'---ageru:s
during or prior to th-=---~~cyt;Jo.!L.Q.L._thi C,QD.t.;r.ae.t , unless (l} such r E:Fresen-
tions ar e~ressly s_Sil~d in the <&ntractJ' and (2} the Contract expressly
provides that the responsibility is assumed by the Owner.
4 .2 A number of borings were obtained regarding site conditions, nature
of soils, and ground-water elevations. This information is shown on the 9rawings.
A series of moisture-density curves for compaction of the clay liner have been
obtained and will be available upon request from Engineer and present at the
site during construction.
4.3 In the event subsurface or latent physical conditions are found
materially different from those indicated in these Documents, and differing
materially from those ordinarily encountered and generally recognized as
inhering in the character of work covered in these Contract Documents, the
Contractor shall promptly, and before such conditions are disturbed, notify
the Engineer in writing of such changed conditions.
lA-3
The Engineer will investigate such conditions promptly and following this
investir,ation, the Contractor shall proceed with the work, unless otherwise
instructed by the Engineer. If the Engineer finds that such conditions do so
materially differ and cause an increase or decrease the cost of, or in the
time required for performing the work, the Engineer will recommend to the
Owner the amount of adjustment in cost and time he considers reasonable. The
Owner will make the final decision on all Change Orders to the Contract re-
garding any adjustments in cost or time for completion.
4.4 An easement and right-of-way has been obtained for access to the
site and is shown on the plans. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility
to abide by all requirements and provisions if the easement copies at the
easement and right-of-way is available upon request to the Owner.
4.5 Two permanent bench marks are located on the site and shall not be
moved or altered in any way. If disturbed they shall be replaced at the
Contractor's expense.
5. TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION CONDITIONS
5.1 No water is available at the project site. Water shall be obtained
for construction and testing. The Contractor shall make his own arrangements
to obtain suitable water and shall pay all costs.
5.2 The Contractor shall provide and maintain sanitary facilities for
his employees that will comply with the regulations of the local and state
health departments.
5.3 Authorized representatives of the North Carolina Departmen~~~'"-'!tJ
Crime Control and Public Safety, Natural Resources,~ Transportatio~; U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, and other goverment officials shall at all
times have safe access to the work and the Contractor shall provide proper
facilities for such access and inspection.
lA-4
6. SITE PRESERVATION, RESTORATION AND CLEANUP
6.1 At all times during the work, keep the premises clean and orderly,
and upon completion of the work repair all damage caused by equipment and
leave the project free of rubbish and excess materials of any kind.
Stockpile excavated materials in a manner that will cause the least erosion.
Remove all excavated materials from grassed areas and leave these surfaces
in a condition equivalent to their original condition, and blend in with the
surrounding terrain.
6.2 Provide dust control at the landfill site at all times.
6.3 After the project is completed, all drainage ditches shall be reopened
"'-~~t> and~.
7. SUBMITTALS DURING CONSTRUCTION
7.1 The Contractor shall submit four (4} copies of all required sub-
mittals to the Engineer, at Sverdrup & Parcel, Suite 114, 2211 West Meadowview
Road, Greensboro, NC 27407 -Re: Warren County Project -7219.
7.2 The Engineer will review such submittals as soon as possible. The
review of such submittals will be limited to general design requirements
only, and shall in no way relieve the Contractor from responsibility for
errors or omissions contained therein,
8. PAYMENT
8.1 The construction and closing out of the landfill, monitoring wells,
fencing, and all needed items to complete this project will be based on a
lump sum bid.
8.2 The placement and completion of the PCB material and operation of the
carbon filter system will be based on a per diem unit price. It is estimated
that the hauling operation will be based on a 12 hour day. There will be no
pay for weekends and holidays if no hauling of the material occurs,
SECTION 2A
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
2A-l
1. SCOPE: Furnish all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals required to
complete clearing and grubbing necessary for the completion of other items of
work.
2. CLEARING
2.1 All trees, logs, brush crops, grasses, and debris of all kinds within
the construction area shall be cut flush with the ground and disposed as
follows:
2.1.1 The Contractor shall be responsible for estimating the amount of
clearing required. The designation of wooded areas on the plans is approximate
and is there solely to make the Contractor aware that some clearing will be
required.
2.1.2 Timber of value may be cut and sold by the Contractor, provided all
material is removed from the property within 30 days of sta~t of the Contract.
2.1.3 Contractor may burn the cleared vegetation in a single designated
cleared area. All burning shall be thorough and under constant supervision.
Burning shall comply with all local, state, and federal laws and ordinances.
2.1.4 All unburned material shall be disposed of in an area approved by
the Engineer on the property.
2.2 The Engineer will designate all trees, shrubs, and plants if any which
are to remain. The Contractor shall protect and safeguard all vegetation
designated to remain. Where possible, as many trees, shrubs and plants should
remain undisturbed. Clear only the areas needed for construction.
2A-2
3. GRUBBING
3.1 Grubbing shall consist of removing and disposing of stumps and roots
within the area of excavation and embankment. All stumps, roots, and other
objectionable material within the construction limits in cuts shall be grubbed
to a depth of at least 12 inches below the existing grade elevation. Where
the finished grade elevation in embankment is 2 feet or more above the
original ground, stumps may be cut off flush with the original ground surface
or removed.
3.2 The products of grubbing shall be disposed of as designated under
Paragraph "Clearing."
3.3 Comply with all codes, rules and regulations of all governmental
agencies governing, clearing and disposal of debris.
1. SCOPE
SECTION 2B
EARTHWORK
2B-l
1.1 Furnish all labor, material, tools, and equipment necessary for
earthwork shown on the drawings and specified herein.
2.1 Related Work Specified Elsewhere
1.2.1 Clearing and grubbing specified in Section 2A, landfill construc-
tion specified in Section 2C, landfill liners specified in Section 2F, soil
erosion control specified in Section 2H, and seeding as specified in Section
21.
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 The drawings, specifications, and the project site shall be carefully
examined for thorough familiarization with all existing conditions and
limitations, and their relationship to and effect upon the work included under
this section of the specifications. No extra cost allowance shall be made for
failure to do so, nor shall ajustment in completion schedule be made.
6 The laboratory performing sampling and testing required herein shall
be selected by the Owner. Except as otherwise specified herein, the cost of
all tests required herein shall be paid by the Owner.
2.3 Bench marks, monitoring wells, and other reference points shall be
carefully maintained, and if disturbed or destroyed shall be replaced as
directed at no additional cost to the Owner.
2B-2
3. EXCAVATING
3.1 Excavate and grade as required to construct the landfill to the grades
shown on the drawings. Materials unsuitable as backfill such as soft or
spongy earth, muck, mud, decayed vegetation or organic matter, plastic clay
ashes, cans, etc., shall be removed and replaced with materials for backfilling
as described hereafter.
3.2 Excavate to elevations, slopes and dimensions indicated plus provide
sufficient space to permit construction of the landfill and erosion control
facilities.
3.3 Excavation outside of the landfill area proper will be required to
obtain sufficient material for clay liner.
3.4 Excavation is unclassified.
4. FILLS AND BACKFILLS
4.1 Fills and backfills not otherwise specified shall be clean earth; free
from debris, organic materials, brickbats and refuse; and shall not contain
frozen material. Fill materials will be available from on-site borrow areas.
4.2 Ruts or holes from construction equipment shall be kept graded smooth.
4.3 Compacted fill shall be placed in horizontal layers which will be no
thicker than 6-inches when fully compacted. Each layer shall be compacted to
an average density of 98 percent of the maximum density with no test less than
95 percent as determined by AASHTO T-99 Method A. { /)/-)Cl}/t~J ;.J,-c;,Jv )_
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2B-3
4.4 Before compacted fill is placed, the excavated areas shall be
proof-rolled and compacted to determine if any soft spots exist. If soft
spots are found, they shall be excavated and be replaced with compacted
fill as directed by the Engineer without additional cost to Owner.
4.5 The Contractor shall stockpile required soil on the site where
necessary or as shown or directed. Selected excavated material will be used
for construction of the landfill. ~-1+-.!-1. ~r,.'
4.5.1 The top foot of soil will be stockpiled separately for use under
final grading.
4.5.2 Clay used for the landfill will be stockpiled separately for use.
4.6 The Contractor shall deposit on the site and grade where directed,
all excavated material in excess of amounts needed for fill or backfill,
including excess material from drainage ditches.
4.7 Granular fill specified for landfill construction shall be compacted
by vibratory tampers or rollers to 9-inch lifts until no further consolidation
is evident.
4.8 For all compacted fill two compaction tests shall be made for each
6-inch lift for each 10,000 square feet or portion thereof. ~/7'-
5. GRADING
5.1 Rough and·finish grading shall proceed in a practical sequence as
the construction work progresses. Grade to the elevation shown on the drawings.
The final, rough-graded surface shall contain no debris or chunks of dirt
larger than20-inches in diameter. Grades for the landfill is specified under
landfill construction or as shown on the drawings.
5.2 Finish grade to receive top soil shall be graded to a tolerance of
1/10 foot, plus or minus.
2B-4
6. CLEANUP
6.1 Upon completion of the work, all rubbish and debris of every nature
shall be removed from the premises.
1. SCOPE
SECTION 2C
LANDFILL CONSTRUCTION
2C-l
1.1 Furnish all labor, material, tools and equipment necessary for
construction of the landfill as shown on the d~awings and specified herein.
1.2 Related Work Specified Elsewhere
1.2.1 Clearing and grubbing as specified in Section 2A, earthwork as
specified in Section 2B, landfill liner as specified in Section 2F non-woven
filter fabric specified in Section 2G, soil erosion control as specified in
Section 2H, seeding as specified in Section 21, carbon filter system as
specified in Section 15A.
1. CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
2.1 Excavate landfill to required grades.
2.1.l Stockpile material where necessary or where shown on plans or
directed by Engineer for future use.
2.1.2 Compact subgrade so no ruts or soft spots are encountered before
placement of fill for lower leachate detection system. Remove all rocks and
clods greater then 2-inches in diameter.
2.1.3 Excavate sump and construct for lower leachate control pipe as
shown in the standard details.
2.2 Install lower leachate collection system.
2C-2
2.2.1 Install 9-inch of 2S aggregate as specified in Table 905-1 Aggregate
Gradation of NC Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for
Roads and Structures.
\,
STD
Size 3/8" 114 118 1116 1130 1150 11100 11200
2S 100 95-100 80-100 45-95 25-75 8-30 0. 5-10 0-3
2.2.2 (s:ompact 9-inch layer with vibratory tampers or rollers until no
. ~
further consolidation is evident.)
2.2.3 Install lower leachate and removal pipe as shown on the drawings.
2.3 Install 30-mil membrane liner as specified in Section 2F.
2.3.1 Install a 12-inch lift of compacted bridging fill on top of liner to
protect the integrity of the liner. This protective layer will be constructed
so there is no damage to the liner.
2.3.2 The bridging backfill should contain no rocks, clods or ~harp
objects which would harm the integrity of the membrane liner. S...f~i:'.i'z>
2.4
2.4.1
Construction of Lower Clay Liner
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Install five foot clay liner from stockpiles material in 6-inch
lifts and compact to 98 percent density as defined by AASHTO T-99 Method A.
2.4.2 Install clay liner to final grade as shown on the drawings.
2.4.3 Use p~ only to achieve compaction. No sheepsfoot
rollers will be allowed.
2.5 .Construction of Upper Leachate Collection System
2C-3
2.5.1 Construct the upper leachate collection system sump.
2.5.2 Install and compact 9-inches of 2S aggregate as herein before specified.
2.5.3 Install the upper leachate removal pipe as shown on the drawings and
in coordination with the carbon filter system specified in Section 15A.
2.5.4 Install the synthetic filter fabric over the upper leachate
collection system as specified in Section 2G.
2.6 Placement and Compaction of PCB Contaminated Soil.
2.6.1 Once the upper leachate system and filter fabric have been
constructed, placement of PCB contaminated material will begin.
2.6.2 North Carolina Department of Transportation trucks will backup
the edge of the landfill and place the waste, under the direction of the
ntractor, as near as possible to the working face without the truck
getting on the contaminated soil. Care should be taken not to damage the
filter fabric or leachate collection system. No dumping of contaminated soil
outside of the lined landfill area will be allowed.
2.6.3 Rubber tired equipment will be used to push and compact the waste
into place. The equipment will not be allowed to travel on the filter fabric
unless there is at least 12-inches of material between the wheels and fabric.
2.6.4 Two ten-foot cells will be used in placing the waste. It is
expected the rubber tired equipment will spread the soil in two to three
foot lifts. The soil will be compacted to the maximum ~~e_n.t-.po.s.$.i,ble.
2C-4
2.6.5 During the placement of the soil, the northwest corner of the land-
fill shall remain unfilled and act as sump to collect rainfall off the PCB
contaminated soil. The runoff shall be tested for contamination by the State
of North Carolina.
2.6.6 After the second lift has been ·completed the northeast corner will
be filled in and the landfill close.
2.7 Covering the Landfill
2.7.1 A minimum of one foot of clean soil will be placed on top of
the waste to serve as a bridge. This layer will be compacted and rough graded
as shown on the plans. This soil will contain no rocks, clumps, or debris
larger than 2-inches.
2.7.2 The gas vent as shown on the drawings will be placed in the apex
of the fill.
2.7.3 A two foot layer of clay compacted in 6~inch lifts to 98 percent
density as defined by AASHTO T-99 will be placed on top of the bridge layer.
2.7.4 The clay layer will be rough graded to 2 percent as shown on the
drawings. The upper layer will contain no rock, clumps or debris which
could harm the PVC liner.
2.7.5 A 10-mil PVC liner will be placed on top of this clay layer as
specified in Section 2F.
2.7.6 A one-foot protective layer will be placed over this liner. Care
should be taken not to damage the liner during placement.
2.7.7 One foot minimum of stockpiled top soil will be placed over the
upper clay liner graded to 2 percent slope and seeded.
2D-l
SECTION 2D
GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLS
1. SCOPE: Furnish all labor, equipment, materials, and tools necessary for
the construction of three monitoring wells as shown on the draw~ngs and specified
herein.
2. GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLS
2.1 The Contractor should use normal drilling equipment to properly con-
struct the wells. No drilling mud or revert will be allowed. There is
sufficient cohessive material present to keep the bore hole open. Copies of
soils reports and boring logs are available upon request from the Engineer.
2.2 The locations and depths of all monitoring wells are shown on the
drawings.
2.3 The well casing will be 4-inch diameter, schedule 40 PVC or approved
equal.
2.4 A continuous slot type 4-inch diameter PVC .screen five feet in length
will be provided at the lower end of the casing. This screen will have an end
plate.
2.5 The annular space around the casing and well screen shall be backfilled
with selected granular filter material matched to the screen slot size and
based upon manufacturer's recommendations. The material will be such that a
good communication between the ground water and the well can be established,
yet no particle migration is to occur. The top two feet of annular space will be
grouted as shown on the plans.
2.6 The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer information concerning the
screen and granular filter material prior to construction.
2D-2
2.7 The Contractor shall properly develop the well by a method approved
by the Engineer such as surging and ba~ling, jetting or over pumping.
2.8 The Contractor shall provide a cap and locking lid similar to the
detail shown on the plans.
2.9 All sample wells shall be completed before placement of PCB contaminated
soil.
2.10 If a well is not satisfactory, the Contractor shall remove the well
and backfill the hole.
1. SCOPE
SECTION 2E
CHAIN-LINK FENCE
2E-l
1.1 Furnish all labor, material, tools, and equipment necessary for
construction of chain-link fence and gates as shown on the drawings and
specified herein.
1.2 The fence shall be 7 feet high above ground, using 6 foot-high
chain-link fabric surmounted by three strands of barbed wire pointed out-
board at 45° angle.
2. SHOP DRAWINGS
2.1 Submit shop drawings for review.
2.2 Shop drawings shall show complete details of fencing posts, gates,
and materials to be used.
3. MATERIALS: Materials for fencing and gates shall conform to the following
requirements:
3.1 Fabric: Chain-link fabric shall be aluminum-coated (0.4 ounces per
sq. ft.) conforming to the requirements of ASTM A491-74, Class II. _Fabric
shall be woven from 9 gage (coated size) wire in a 2-inch mesh. Fabric shall
be knuckled at one selvage and twisted and barbed at the other selvage.
3.2 Posts and Braces
3.2.1 All structural and roll-formed shapes shall conform to ASTM
A-123 for galvanized coating. All tubular members shall conform to ASTM
A-120, Schedule 40, for weigh and coating.
3.2.2 End, Corner, and Pull Post shall be 3-/12" x 3-1/2'' roll-formed
corner section having a minimum bending strength of 381 pounds.
2E-2
3. 2. 3 Line Posts shall be C-section roll-formed 1. 87 511 x 1. 625" with
minimum bending strength of 245 pounds. Posts shall be formed from steel
conforming to ASTM A570-72, Grade E.
3.2.4 Gate Posts:
.1 Gate leaves up to and including 6 1-0" wide shall be 3 1 1/2' x
3-1/2" roll-formed section .
. 2 Gate leaves over 6'-0" and up to 13 1-0" wide shall be 4" O.D.,
911 pounds per linear foot.
3.2.5 Braces shall be 1.625" x 1.2511 roll-formed "C"-section with
minimum bending strength of 192 pounds. Furnished complete with 3/8" diameter
rod and adjustable takeup assembly.
3.3 Accessories
3.3.1 All accessories except tie wires and barbed wires shall be galvanized
conforming to ASTM Al53.
3. 3. 2 Barbed Wire Supporting Arm shall be heavy pressed steel to
acc'.Jmmodate 3 rows of barbed wire. Arms shall extend outward at a 45 degree
angle with a 30-inch apron around the post and capable of withstanding a 250
pourtd pulldown load from end of the arm.
3.3.3 Post Tops shall be pressed steel or malleable iron designed as a
weathertight closure cap for tubular posts.
3.3.4 Barbed wire shall be double strand 12-1/2 gage twisted wire with
14-gage, 4 point, round aluminum barbs spaced on approximately 5-inches-centers,
conforming to the requirements of ASTM A585-71. Minimum weight of aluminum
coating shall be 0.30 ounces per square foot of wire surface.
2E-3
3.3.5 Top and Bottom Tension Wire shall be No. 7 gage aluminum coating
spring coil or crimped wire. Minimum weight of aluminum coating shall be
0.40 ounces per square foot of wire surface.
3.3.6 Stretcher Bars: (For tubular end and gate posts) shall be one-
piece-lengths equal to the height of the fabric with a minimum corss section
of 3/1611 X 34".
3.3.7 Stretcher Bar Bands shall be heavy pressed steel bands to secure
stretcher bars to tubular posts.
3.4 Gates: Swing gates shall have perimeter frame of 1.90" O.D. tubular
members. Centilever-style sliding gates shall have top card bottom frame
member of 2-3/8 inch O.D. weighing 3.65 lbs per linear foot. Side and inter-
mediate frame members shall be 1.9 inch O.D. weighing 2.72 lbs-per-linear-foot.
Sliding gates over 18 feet shall have additional horizontal and vertical members
with diagonal bracings to insure proper gate operation and to eliminate possible
sagging conditions. Galvanize coating shall conform to ASTM Al20. Gates may be
fabricated using welded construction or heavy, pressed steel or malleable iron
corner fittings securely riveted. Fabric shall be the same as for fencing.
Fabric shall be attached with stretcher bars at vertical edges and tied at top
and bottom with tie wires. Extension arms for barbed wire shall be 1.9 inch
O.D. tubing 2'-6" attached to the yard side of the vertical frame members with
pipe clamp. Barbed wires on gate shall be aligned horizontally with barbed wires
on the fencing.
3.5 Gate Hardware
3.5.1 Hinges shall be pressed steel or malleable iron suitable for gate
size.
3.5.2 Latch: Forked-type or plunger-bar-type to permit operation from
either side of gate. Provide padlock eye as integral part of latch.
2E-4
3.6 Ditch Crossing
3.6.1 Horizontal Wires: Shall be barbed wire, the same as the top
extension wires.
3.6.2 Vertical Stays shall be 6-gage wire, aluminum-coated confroming
to ASTM A585-71 minimum coating 0.30 ounces per square foot of wire surface.
3.7 Concrete: Concrete shall be 2500 psi compressive strength at 28
days. Concrete and placement shall conform to the requirements of the American
Concrete Institute (ACI) "Building Code Requirements for Structural Plain
Concrete." (ACI 322-72)
4. INSTALLATION
4.1 All work in connection with installation of chain-link fence shall
conform to Chain-Link Manufacturer's Institute Standards for Chain-Link Fence
Installation.
4 .1.1 All posts for chain-link fencing shall be set in concrete foundations
to a minumum depth of 36-inches in the ground. Diameter of concrete foundations
shall be a minimum of 9-inches except for gate posts to be a minimum diameter
of three times the outside diameter of the post. Concrete foundations shall
extend 2-inches above grade and be sloped away from posts for drainage. Barbed
wire supporting arms shall be installed with angle leaning out from enclosed .
area.
4.1.2 Fabric and barbed wire shall be stretched to proper tension between
terminal post and securely fastened to frame work members~. All chain-link
fencing shall be installed with top and bottom tension wire. The bottom of
the fabric shall be held as uniformly as practical to 2-inches above finished
grade, except for locations where fencing crosses ditches, fencing shall be
installed as specified below.
2E-5
4.1.3 Chain-link fencing crossing ditches shall be installed level across
the ditch between the two top-of-banks supplemented with 7 gage tension
wires placed horizontally below the chain-link fabric on 6-inch spacing
through the middle portion of the ditch. The 7 gage tension wires shall
converge and be anchored below the chain-link fabric at the adjacent line
post on each bank top. Six-gage wires shall be installed vertically to
maintain horizontal spacing between the 7 gage tension wires. The vertical
stays shall be placed on two-foot intervals. Posts spacing through ditches
shall be 10'-0" and less in depth between the top of the chain link fabric
and the flow line of the ditch 3-1/2" x 3-1/2" posts conforming to require-
ments for end, corner, and pull posts shall be used through the middle
portions of the trench. For ditches of greater depths, 4-inch O.D. Schedule
40 pipe posts shall be installed through the middle portion of the ditch.
Posts at the top of banks shall be standard line posts.
4.2 Gates: Install gates, plumb, level, and secure for the full opening
without interference. Install ground set items in concrete for anchorage as
recommended by the manufacturer. Adjust hardware for smooth operation.
4.3 Complete the installation within the time as scheduled and maintain
fencing and gates in good repair at all times and turn over to Owner at end
of construction in perfect condition.
5. SURVEY: The Owner has had a survey of the site prepared and has established
a bench mark. This information will be furnished to the Contractor. Contractor
shall perform and be solely responsible for any additional alignment surveys,
layouts, and elevations required for proper prosecution of the Work as indicated
on the drawings.
6. COORDINATION: The Work shall be closely coordinated with the Work of the
Grading Contractor.
7. CLEANUP: Debris and unused material shall be removed from the working areas
and the areas restored as nearly as practicable to their original or required
finished condition. Areas where paving has been disturbed or removed shall be
replaced in kind of as directed.
SECTION 2F
LANDFILL LINERS
2F-l
1. SCOPE: Furnish all labor, materials, tools and equipment necessary for
the construction of the artifical liner and liner protection materials along
the bottom and sides of the pit, and the construction of the artificial liner
and protection materials for covering and sealing the pit.
2. POLYVINLY CHLORIDE MEMBRANE LINER REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Material Description
2.1.1 The liner shall be of single ply construction having polyvinyl
chloride as its principle compound to meet the requirements of this specifi-
cation. The materials supplied shall be first quality products designed and
manufactured specifically for the purposes of this work, and which have been
satisfactorily demonstrated by prior use to be suitable and durable for such
purposes.
2.1.2 The liner shall be so produced as to be free of holes, undispersed
raw materials or blisters. Any such defect shall be repaired using the elasto-
mer sheeting and the manufacturer's approved adhesive.
2.2 Factory Fabrication of Blankets
2.2.1 The finished roll goods shall be factory fabricated into panels
up to 15,000 sq. ft. in size in order to reduce the amount of field seaming
required. All seams shall be heat welded and provide a film tearing bond.
2.3 Field Seaming
2.3.1 All field seaming will be performed using only the manufacturer's
approved adhesives and application directions. The minimum wi dth of field
seams shall be 4-inches.
2F-2
2.3.2 All field seams upon completion shall be visually inspected and any
loose or questionable area repaired.
2.4 Physical Properties
2.4.1 The PVC liner shall conform to the following requirements:
PROPERTY
Tensile Strength
100% Modulus
Elongation at Break
Elmendorf Tear
Graves Tear
Water Extraction
Volatility
Cold Crack
Hardness, Shore A
Durometer
Resistance to Soil Burial
Tensile Strength
Elongation
Bonded Seam Strength
TEST METHOD
ASTM D882
ASTM D882
ASTM F882
ASTM D689
ASTM Dl004
ASTM Dl239
ASTM Dl203
ASTM Dl790
ASTM D676
ASTM D3083
ASTM D3083
ASTM D3083
REQUIREMENTS
2300 psi, Minimum
1000 psi, Minimum
300%, Hinimum
175 GMS/Mil, Minimum
300 lb/In., Minimum
0. 30%, Maximum
1.0% Loss, Maximum
-10°F
94, Average
5.0% Loss~1Maximum@ 120 aays 6ur1a
20.0%bloss1 Maximum@ 120 days uria
80% of Original
Strength Attainable by
Fabrication and/or Contractor
2.4.2 The PVC liner will be manufactured by the B. F. Goodrich Company by
Akron, Ohio, Universal Lining Inc., of Harverford, Pennsylvania, or equal.
2.4.3 The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer a mill certificate or
affidavit from the manufacturer, which shall attest the liner furnished meets
the stated requirements.
2F-3
2.5 Placing of PVC Lining
2.5.1 The PVC lining shall be placed over the prepared surfaces to be lined
in such a manner as to assure minimum handling. It shall be sealed to all openings
through the lining in accordance with details shown on the drawings. The lining
shall be closely fitted and sealed around inlets, outlets and other projections
through the lining. Any portion of lining damaged during installation shall be
removed or repaired by using an additional piece of lining.
2.5.2 Any necessary repairs to the PVC shall be patched with the lining
material itself and cold applied vinyl to vinyl bonding adhesive. The bonding
adhesive shall be applied to the contact surfaces of both the patch and lining
to be repaired, and the two surfaces pressed together immediately. Any
wrinkles shall be smoothed out.
2.5.3 All joints, on completion of the work, shall be inspected. Damaged
lining due to scuffing, penetration by foregin objects or distress from rough
subgrade shall, as directed by the Engineer, be replaced or covered and sealed
with an additional layer of PVC of the proper size.
2.5.4 A Technical Service Representative will be made available during place-
ment-of the lower liner. The Contractor will bear the expense of this Technical
Service Representative. The Technical Service Representative is not directly
responsible for the quality of the work involved; such responsibility will be
solely that of the Contractor.
2.5.5 Provide proper storage for the PVC liner. Do not remove rolls from
their protective coverings prior to use. If the material is to be stored for
more than two weeks, the material must be stored out of the sunlight.
2F-4
2.5.6 At no time shall vehicles be allowed to operate on the liner with .
less than 12-inches of cover. Tracked vehicles or sheepsfoot rollers :i~~/
not be allowed to operate within 3 feet of any liner of 22-inches of ✓
2.6 The following thickness of PVC liner will be used:
Bottom Liner -30 mil ±5%
Top Liner -10 mil ±5%
2G-l
SECTION 2G
FILTER FABRIC FOR LEACHATE SYSTEM PROTECTION
1. SCOPE: Furnish all material, labor, tools, and equipment necessary for
construction of fabric protection between the upper leachate collection
system and placement of the PCB contaminated soil. This fabric will provide
separation between the leachate sand and PCB soil, prevent the migration of
fine material in the leachate sand, and allow moisture to pass into the
leachate system.
2. MATERIALS
2.1 The nonwoven fabric will be MIRAFI 140 as made by the Celanese
Corporation or approved equal MIRAFI 140 shall consist of a combination of
homofilaments of 100% polypropyline and hetrofilaments of a polypropyline
surrounded by a nylon sheath. The MIRAFI 140 shall have the following
characteristics:
Minimum weight ...................................................... 140 g/m2
Average thickness .................................................... 30 mils
Grab strength, wet .................................................... 120 lb
Retention at -70°F ........•.....•..........................•.••.... 100%
Grab elongation, wet .............................•........•....... · ...... 130%
Retention at -70°F .................................................. 40%
Trapezoid tear strength ................................................ 65 lb
Air permeability ................................................. 250 cfm/ft2
Fabric width .............................................. 14 ft 9 in (4.5 m)
Length per roll ............................................... 328 ft ( 100 m)
Average weight per roll ............................................... 170 lb
2G-2
The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with a certificate or affidavit
from the manufacturer that the filter fabric meets the above requirements.
2.2 MIRAFI 140 will be installed by unrolling directly on top of the
sand, overlapping all fabric sections by 3 feet. A minimum depth at 12-inches
will be maintained at all times between the fabric and wheel loads. The soil
can be compacted when a depth of 12-inches is obtained. The MIRAFI will be
unrolled and placed according to manufacturer'~ recommendations.
2H-l
SECTION 2H ...
SOIL EROSION CONTROL
1. SCOPE
1.1 Furnish all labor, material, tools, and equipment necessary for
soil erosion control during and after construction of the landfill.
1.2 Related Work Specified Elsewhere: Earthwork as specified in
Section 2B, seeding as specified in Section 21 and carbon filter as
specified in Section 15A.
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 The Contractor shall take whatever measures are necessary to
minimize soil erosion and siltation by his operations. The Contractor
shall also comply with the applicable regulations of all legally consti-
tuted authorities relating to pollution precaution and control. The
Contractor shall keep himself fully informed of all such regulations
which in any way affect the conduct of the work especially the State of
North Carolina Rules and Regulattons for Erosion and Sediment Control and
any U. S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Regulations.
2.2 The Contractor shall also construct a holding pond as shown on the
drawings. The holding pond will collect an_d hold filtrate from the carbon
filter. The water collected will be reanalyzed for PCB by agents
at the State of North Carolina and if negative the water will be released
to surface drainage. If the analysis for PCB is positive, the water will
be reprocessed through the carbon filter prior to final release.
2H-2
3. EROSION CONTROL MEASURES
3.1 Holding Basin -Construct the temporary holding basin as shown on
the drawings. This basin will be removed after the landfill is sealed.
The area will be seeded and mulched.
3.2 Diversions -Construct carbon diversions as shown on the plans,
and as needed. The diversions will be removed after the landfill is sealed.
3.3 Silt Check Dams and Temporary Silt Fences -will be installed
as needed to minimize the amount of silt entering the holding basin. Silt
from the disposal pit will be disposed into the pit prior to close out if
the retesting of the water proves positive for PCB material.
1. SCOPE
SECTION 21
SEEDING
21-1
1.1 Furnish all labor, material, tools, and equipment necessary for
establishment of grass on all disturbed areas and specified herein.
2. MATERIALS
2.1 Fertilizer: Fertilizer shall be 10-10-10 commercial fertilizer .,
mixture, subject to review of the Engineer. Fertilizer shall be uniform
in composition, free-flowing material, suitable for application with
approved standard equipment. The fertilizer shall conform to applicable
state fertilizer laws and shall be delivered in bags or other convenient
containers, each fully-labeled and bearing the name, trademark, and
warranty of the producers.
2.2 Seed: All seed shall be labeled in accordance with the U.S.
Department of Agriculture Rules and Regulations under the Federal Seed Act
if shipped in interstate commerce, or shall be labeled in accordance with
the -seed law of the state in which it is furnished if not shipped in inter-
state commerce. The quality of all seed shall comply with the requirements
of the North Carolina Seed Law and with the rules and regulations adopted
by the North Carolina Board of Agriculture in accordance with the provisions
of said law in effect at the time of sampling. All seed shall be subject to
sampling and testing in accordancB with Article 960-3 of the "Standard Speci~
fication for Roads and Structures," July 1, 1972 Edition of the North
Carolina State Highway Commission.
2.3 Limestone: Limestone shall be agricultural grade limestone as
specified in Article 960-2 of North Carolina Department of Transportation
''Standard Specification for Road and Structures."
21-2
2.4 Mulch: Mulch for erosion control shall consist of grain straw or
other acceptable material meeting the verification of the Engineer. All
mulch shall be reasonably free from seed-bearing stalks, roots, or bulblets
and excessive amount of restructed noxious weeds as defined by the North
Carolina Board of Agriculture at the time of use of the mulch. Mulch shall
also comply with all applicable state and federal domestic quarantines.
Material for holding mulch in place shall be asphalt or other approved
binding material.
2.5 Water: Water shall be free from oil, acid, alkali, salt, and other
substances harmful to growth of grass.
3. PREPARATION OF GROUND SURFACE
3.1 Topsoiling: The top 12-inches of soil will be excavated and stock-
piled for the establishing of one foot layer of top soil over the landfill.
3.2 Tilling: Areas to be seeded shall be loosened and filled to a depth
of 4-inches until the condition of the soil is brought to a fine grade. Any
irregularities in the surface resulting from tilling to other operations
shall be leveled out before planting. Remove all rocks (larger than 1-inch
diameter) and debris.
3.3 Fertilizing: Fertilizer shall be distributed uniformly at the rate
at approximately 500 pounds per acre over the areas to be seeded and mixed into
the soil to a depth of approximately 4-inches during the tilling operations
specified in the preceding paragraph.
4. PLANTING
4.1 Seed shall be sown under suitable weather conditions.
4.2 Seed shall be sown about three days after fertilizer has been applied.
The seed shall be uniformly distributed by an approved method. The seed
mixture shall consist of the following types applied at the following rates:
Kind of Seed
Kentucky 31 Fescue
Sericea Lespedoze
(Scarified)
Pounds/Acre
25-30
40-50
The seed shall be lightly covered by approved mechanical equipment of making
and the soil compacted by rolling.
4.3 Within 24 hours after seeding is done, a mulch material shall be
evenly strewn over all surfaces.
4.3.1 Mulch shall be uniformly spread by hand or by approved mechanical
spreaders or blowers at a rate of 3,000 pounds per acre. Mulch shall be held
in place by applying a sufficient amount of asphalt or other approved binding
material to assure the mulch is properly held in place. The rate and method
of application of binding material shall meet the approval of the Engineer.
4.3.2 Where a hydroseeder is used to apply fertilizer and seed at the
rates above, a wood cellulose mulch shall be applied uniformly at the rate
of 1200 pounds per acre. The seed shall not remain in water containing
fertilizer for more than 30 minutes prior to application unless otherwise
permitted by the Engineer.
5. MAINTENANCE: Maintain the seeded areas until all work is completed under
this Section or until a suitable stand of grass is obtained whichever period
is the longer. Maintenance shall consist of watering, mowing, reseeding, or
resodding and other operations necessary to keep lawn in good viable condition.
Corrective work shall not be delayed but shall be performed as soon as the need
becomes apparent.
SECTION 15A
CARBON FILTER SYSTEM
15A-l
1. SCOPE: Furnish all labor, equipment, materials, and tools necessary for
the construction and operation of the carbon filter system as shown on the
drawings and specified herein. The Contractor shall provide a complete system
from the contaminated water sump through the filtering system to the drainage
basin.
2. DESCRIPTION: Runoff from PCB contaminated soil will be collected in the
northeast corner of the landfill. This will be accomplished by not backfilling
that corner until the landfill is closed out. Runoff that is collected in the
landfill will be analyzed by the State of North Carolina's personnel for
presence of PCB contaminated material. If negative, the collected runoff will
be released to surface runoff, if positive for PCB material, the runoff will
be filtered first to remove silt then through activated carbon to remove PCB
material. The filtrate will then be collected and retained on the lower
holding pond and tested again before it is released. If it is positive, it
will be refiltered until negative for PCB material. The filtering system
is designed to process one acre foot of water.
3. REQUIRED MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT
3.1 The Contractor shall provide his own self-priming gas driven trash
pump. The pump shall be capable of delivering a maximum of 125 gpm through the
filter system and be in good working order. No leaks in the suction or discharge
piping will be allowed. The Contractor shall also provide fittings to hookup
to the filter system. Suggested pump is Marlow #3B7 with ES 79 engine mounted
on a cart or equal.
15A-2
3.2 Standard reinforced concrete septic tanks or equal will be modified
to serve as containers for filter material. The following tank sizes will be
used : ~-o.l-Jl ' -,A,,~ t OA....
Purpose Volume (gals)
750
Inside Dimensions
~o\'""1.--\1.. .',_.rO
Side Wall
Bottom Thickness
Top
Thickness
Sand filter 7' 6 11 X 3 1 6" X 5' 311 6 II
Carbon filter 1500 9' 6" X 5 1 811 X 5 1 911 311
All existing baffles and appurtenances will be removed and modified as reauired
to suit the installation of the filter systems including the inlet and outlet
fittings.
3.3 All lines and fittings except shown on the plans shall be Schedule
40 PVC piping, with solvent cemented joints~ or Schedule 40 C. S. pipe.
3.3.1 Inlet and outlet pipes shall be perforated as shown in plans. Out-
let pipes shall be wrapped with l/811 mesh screen.
3.4 Knife gate valves shall be De Zurik 0400 Fig. 828 W-A-LLG or equal.
3.5 Gravel for filter beds shall be North Carolina Department of Trans-
portation's Standard Specification 78M.
3.6 Sand for filter shall be clean 2S sand as specified hereinbefore.
3.7 Activated carbon shall be type WVG 12 x 40 mesh size as manufactured
by WESTVACO Corporation .or equal.
3.8 All materials except the pump shall be new.
4 II
5 II
15A-3
4. INSTALLATION AND TESTING
4.1 The sump in the northeast corner of the landfill shall be of such
size to maintain at least 1 acre foot of water storage.
4.2 The filter tanks should be located between the landfill and holding
pipe. The tanks shall be placed so the difference in elevation between the
two is as shown on the drawings.
4.3 Once the tanks are placed on site and the piping installed, the
exterior flanges of the pipes will be capped and the tanks filled to the
top with water. The tanks will stand for 24 hours to check for leaks. If
there is any leakage it will be repaired.
4.4 After the filter materials have been added to the depth shown on the
plans, the remainder of the material will be stored on site in suitable con-
tainers and protected from the elements. The knife gate valves will be
calibrated for a 125 gpm maximum flow using the sump pump, actual piping and
clean uncontaminated water, and filter materials during a trail test.
4.5 The siltation holding pond will be built with the required outlet
pipings as shown on the plans. It will hold a minimum of 2 acre feet of
water.
5. OPERATION
5.1 If the water collected in the landfill is contaminated with PCB
material the water will be run through the sand filter to remove silt and the
carbon filter to remove PCB material. Monitoring and adjustment at the system
will be required.
5.2 Filtrate will be collected and held in the silt basin for further
testing. If positive, it will be refiltered until clear. If negative, it
will be released to the surface water.
15A-4
5.3 During operation sand and carbon will be replaced as required for
proper operation of the filter.
5.4 During the filter operation the water in the top of the carbon filter
must be constantly monitoried for the presence of clay. If the water appears
cloudy the flow in the system must be stopped and the sand filter refurbished.
5.5 If the filter system is used; filter material, septic tanks, and piping
will be placed in the landfill prior to pit close out.
5.6 If contaminated water is found in the silt pond, the sediments in
the bottom of the pond will also be placed in the landfill prior to pit close
out.
5.7 The valves will be turned over to the Owners.
5.8 If the filter system is not used all materials (except the pump) will
become property of the Owners.