NCD980729602_19910901_Jadco-Hughes_FRBCERCLA RD_Sampling Analysis Plan - Remedial Design Work Plan Submittal C-OCR

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I TREATABILITY STUDY WORK PLAN
REMEDIAL DESIGN WORK PLAN I SUB MITT AL C
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Jadco-Hughes Site I Gaston County, North Carolina
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SEPTEMBER 1991
REF. NO. 3669 (7) CONESTOGA-ROVERS & ASSOCIATES
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1
2.0 PURPOSE ..................................................................................................................... 2
3.0 SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION PILOT STUDY ....................................................... 3
3.1 TARGET COMPOUNDS .............................................................................. 3
3.2 SOIL AND SURFACE CONDmONS ....................................................... .4
3.3 SVE PILOT STUDY ........................................................................................ 5
3.3.1 SVE Trench Construction ............................................................................ 6
3.3.2 Equipment ....................................................................................................... 6
3.3.3 Piezometer/Soil Gas Probes ......................................................................... 7
3.3.4 Pilot Testing .................................................................................................... 8
3.3.5 Data Analysis .................................................................................................. 9
3.3.6 Reporting ......................................................................................................... 9
3.4 RESIDUAL MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 10
3.5 SCHEDULE ...................................................................................................... 10
4.0 GROUNDWATER TREATMENT PILOT STUDY ............................................. 12
4.1 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERISTICS ................................................. 13
4.2 STUDY OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................... 13
4.3 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS .............................................................. 14
4.4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE ................................................................. 15
4.4.1 Sample Collection and Shipping ................................................................ 15
4.4.2 Sample Analyses ............................................................................................ 15
4.4.3 Pilot Study ....................................................................................................... 16
4.5 ANALYTICAL METHODS .......................................................................... 17
4.6 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ........................................ 18
4.7 HEAL TH AND SAFETY ............................................................................... 18
4.8 RESIDUAL MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 18
4.9 SCHEDULE ...................................................................................................... 19
5.0 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 20
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FIGURE 1.1
FIGURE 1.2
FIGURE 3.1
FIGURE 3.2
FIGURE 3.3
FIGURE 4.1
FIGURE 4.2
FIGURE 4.3
TABLE 3.1
TABLE 4.1
TABLE 4.2
TABLE 4.3
TABLE 4.4
LIST OF FIGURES
Following
Page
TARGET SOIL TREATMENT AREA 1
PROPOSED GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION
SYSTEM LAYOUT 1
TYPICAL SVE TRENCH CONSTRUCTION 6
SVE PILOT SYSTEM 6
PIEZOMETER/SOIL GAS PROBE INSTALLATION 8
TYPICAL AERATION SYSTEM 12
MONITORING LOCATIONS 13
AERATION PILOT STUDY SYSTEM 14
LIST OF TABLES
Following
Page
CONTAMINATION PROFILE
-FORMER LANDFILL SUBSURFACE SOILS 3
GROUNDWATER SAMPLING RESULTS 13
INDICATOR CHEMICALS 15
voe AND BNA COMPOUNDS 16
METAL COMPOUNDS 16
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This report presents a work plan for performing
treatability studies of soil vapor extraction (SVE) and groundwater treatment
· by aeration at the Jadco-Hughes Site (Site) in Gaston County, North Carolina.
The use of soil vapor extraction to remove volatile organic constituents from
the soils in the former landfill is specified in the Scope of Work (SOW) for
the Site, as a remedial action technology to reduce the soil contaminant
concentrations in order to mitigate future groundwater contamination at the
Site. Aeration is specified in the SOW as the selected technology for the
pretreatment of extracted groundwater from the Site prior to discharge to the
Belmont publicly owned treatment works (POTW). The purpose of these
treatability studies is to collect Site-specific field data needed for the final
design of the soil and groundwater treatment systems.
A detailed description of Site background, including Site
history, environmental setting, target soil and groundwater treatment area is
presented in Section 2.0 of the RD Work Plan.
The proposed scope of the final SVE and groundwater
treatment systems is described in Section 2.0 of the RD Work Plan.
Figure 1.1 illustrates the soil area which is targeted for remediation and
Figure 1.2 illustrates the proposed groundwater extraction and treatment
system layout.
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3Gll9-11/09/!il1-7-0
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----- -PROPERTY LINE
====•~ GROUHD CONTOUR (n. AMSL} ~
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soa.. TREANENT AREA
PORTION <S FORMER OPERATIONS
AREA TO BE OCCAVArrD
-
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0 50 100ft
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figure 1.1
TARGET SOIL TREATMENT AREA
JADCO-HUGHES SITE
Gaston County, NC
--
., . . ,.
CRA
38611-11/09/111-7-0
----
LElIDIQ
----- -PROPERTY UN(
''° GROUND CONTOUR (FT. AMSL)
---PEAF. COLLECTION SYSTEM
FOACEMAIN
□""'c MANHa.£ aJL 'v£RT
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0 50 100ft
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figure 1.2
PROPOSED GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION SYSTEM LAYOUT
JADCO-HUGHES SITE
Gaston County, NC
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2.0 PURPOSE
This treatability study work plan, as described in the
following sections, will consist of:
1) a SVE pilot study, designed to anticipate construction and operational
constraints of the SVE system and the off-gas treatment system (see
Section 3.0);
2) a pilot study needed to determine the operational parameters of a
groundwater treatment system (see Section 4.0); and
3) collection and analyses of data needed to perform calculations which
will determine the performance standards for the SVE system and the
groundwater treatment system.
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3.0 SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION PILOT STUDY
3.1 TARGET COMPOUNDS
The compounds targeted for removal by the SVE system
consist of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and selected base/neutral and
acid extractable compounds (BNAs) detected in the subsurface soils in the
former landfill at the Site, as identified in the Remedial Investigation (RI)
report.
The 106 Order specifies the use of the SVE system to
remediate Site contaminants in the soil in order to protect the groundwater at
the Site. The SVE system will be operated until it is demonstrated that it is
technically impractical to further reduce the concentrations of the identified
compounds from the soil in the former landfill. At that time, usage of the
SVE system will be discontinued and a soil flushing system will be
implemented in conjunction with the groundwater extraction system until
the groundwater is remediated.
Chemical analysis of the soil for the Site contaminants in
the former landfill area, is not required to be performed as part of the
treatability study for the SVE system. The RI database forms a sufficient soil
database on which to base the selection of contaminants for evaluation in the
SVE treatability study. Table 3.1 presents the profile of contaminants in the
former landfill area.
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TABLE3.1
I CONTAMINATION PROFILE· FORMER LANDFILL SUBSURFACE SOILS
JADCO-HUGHES RD/RA
I Range of Detects Representative
:1
Compound Low High Concentration (1)
voes Cmgikg/
I acetone 0.006 72 9.9
butanone 21 170 72
1, 1-dichloroethane 0.0027 0.0027 0.0027
1 1,2-dichloroethane 1.6 9.3 5.7
ethylbenzene 8.4 65 36.4
methylene chloride 0.0019 11.0 3.1
:11
4-methyl-2-pentanone 10.000 19.000 14.5
1, 1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.0095 0.0095 0.0095
tetrachloroethane 0.0016 12 4.7
toluene 0.0018 620 303.6
I 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane 0.014 0.014 0.014
1, 1,2-trichloroethane 0.0028 0.0028 0.0028
trichloroethene 0.0075 3.5 1.8
I total xylenes 0.0013 320 134.6
BNAs (mg/kg)
t acenaphthene 0.17 0.98 0.575
anthracene 1 1 1.0
benzo(a)pyrene 3.6 3.6 3.6 ,. benzo(b)fluoranthene 2.7 2.7 2.7
benzo(g,h,i)perylene 1.4 1.4 1.4
benzo(k)fluoranthene 2.2 2.2 2.2 ., benzoic acid 13 35 19.4
bis(2'.chloroethyl)ether 1.2 1.7 1.5
bis(2-ethylhexyl)ph thala te 0.09 260 53.8
I butylbentzylphthalate 2 8.2 5.0
2-chlorophenol 14 90 42.4
chrysene 0.27 3.400 1.8
1,2-dichlorobenzene 1.4 2.1 1.7
I 1,4-dichlorobenzene 0.57 0.98 0.775
di-n-bu tylphthala te 2.4 8.4 3.4
di-n-octylph thala te 4.6 6.1 5.4
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fluoranthene 0.48 5.4 2.9
fluorene 0.19 0.69 0.44
indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene 2.0 2.0 2.0
2-methylnaphthalene 0.11 2.9 1.1 ., 2-methylphenol 2.5 9.1 5.1
4-methylphenol 1 2.5 1.9
naphthalene 1.8 6.3 3.6
I. phenanthrene 3.4 3.4 3.4
phenol 8.2 24 16
pyrene 0.48 5.6 3.0
I 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.18 86 24.2
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Page 2 of 2
TABLE3.1
CONTAMINATION PROFILE-FORMER LANDFILL SUBSURFACE SOILS
JADCO-HUGHES RD/RA
Range of Detects Representative
Compound Law High Concentration<l)
Pesticides!PCBs !mg/kg/
PCB Aroclor 1248 I 1.0 36.0 20.3
Metals and Total Cyanide !mg/kg/
Aluminum 1,570 27,600 13,856
Antimony 16.1 47.5 30.9
Arsenic 30.9 47.0 39
Barium 27.6 268 102
Beryllium 0.75 1.7 1.2
Cadmium 1.0 4.0 2.5
Calcium 1,177 16,400 4,031
Chromium 5.8 190 66
Cobalt 10 30.6 20
Copper 35.4 1,010 219
Iron 17,000 63,690 36,354
Lead 5.1 596 301
Magnesium 1,426 8,900 4,087
Manganese 110 990 487
Mercury 0.06 0.18 0.11
Nickel 5.6 60 21
Potassium 130.4 885 358
Sodium 227.3 757 530
Thallium 0.08 0.11 0.09
Vanadium 37 290 122
Zinc 23.6 175 71
Total Cyanide 4.0 8.9 6.8
Notes:
• Based on soil data for the former landfill.
• VOCs = volatile organic compounds.
• BNAs = base/neutral and acid extractable organic compounds.
• The above profile is based on samples collected from the following locations: BH(MW-3), BH-7,
BH-8, BH-9, BH-10, BH-11, TP-2 ,TP-3.
(1) Mean concentration calculated by an arithmetic average of detections.
CONESTOGA-ROVERS 11 ASSOCIATES
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3,2 SOIL AND SURFACE CONDITIONS
The subsurface conditions at the former landfill area are
likely to be highly variable, resulting in complex air circulation patterns
around and between the SVE systems, which may impact treatment
effectiveness. Surface conditions which may contribute to complex air
circulating patterns are the varying permeability and the specific soil
properties of surface materials. Subsurface conditions which may affect the
design and performance of the SVE system are the variable thicknesses and
properties of the fill materials in the former landfill.
Subsurface conditions will be evaluated by:
1) developing a structure contour and isopach maps showing the
distribution of fill material based on existing soil boring logs;
2) performing drive-point air permeability tests in conjunction with soil
gas measurements to establish the relative distribution of air
permeability in both the fill and native soils; and
3) analyzing the pressure response measured during the SVE pilot study.
The use of these techniques in the treatability study is described below.
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3.3 SVE PILOT STUDY
An SVE pilot study will be performed at the location of
the highest contaminant concentration in the former landfill area as
identified in the RI. The purpose of the pilot study is to:
1) determine air permeability of surface materials in the targeted soil
treatment area;
2) determine the effect of surface materials on air circulation rates and
patterns;
3) evaluate the effect of the SVE on removal of the contaminants from
the former landfill; and
4) measure vapor-phase activated carbon usage.
The SVE pilot study will be performed by constructing an
SVE trench system in the soil area targeted for SVE. The SVE trench system
will be constructed in such a manner as permit its inclusion in the final SVE
design. Piezometer and soil gas sampling probes will be installed around the
SVE trench to monitor the pressure response and soil gas concentrations
during the pilot study. The pilot study will be performed by evacuating the
SVE trench using portable vacuum pumps and carbon treatment systems.
Details of the trench design and testing procedures are presented below. The
expected duration of the SVE pilot study is 30 days.
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3.3.1 SVE Trench Construction
The SVE trench used for the pilot study will be
constructed in a manner and at a location which will permit its incorporation
into the final SVE system design.
The construction of the SVE trench for the pilot study is
shown on Figure 3.1. The proposed trench will be a 20-foot ditch, 9-13 feet
deep by 2 feet wide. All excess soils will be placed in 55-gallon drums and
transferred to the temporary drum staging area. The drummed soils will be
addressed during the final remediation for the Site.
A 3-inch diameter PVC well screen will be placed on a
I-foot layer of clean silica sand and then overlain with another I-foot layer of
sand. The remaining portion of the trench will be backfilled with excavated
soils from the former landfill.
3.3.2 Equipment
The pilot study will be performed using portable vacuum
extraction system as shown on Figure 3.2. The system will consist of the
following:
1) SVE pipe and screen installed in a trench;
2) air /water separator tank;
3) vacuum extraction blower unit; and
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CONESTOGA-ROVERS i! /.\SSOCIATES
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3669-03/09/91-7-0
CONCRElE CAP
CEMENT/
BENTONllE GROUT,-
FORMER
LANDFILL
SOILS ii ... -
" 9'-13'
3 • 11 PVC !/,£LL SCREEN
SILICA SAND
2'
i----------20'---------
figure 3.1
TYPICAL SVE TRENCH CONSTRUCTION
JADCO-HUGHES SITE
Gaston County, NC
---- - --·--,_ .. -----·---
AIR/WATER
SEPARATOR
PRESSURE, GAS
SAMPLING PORT
CRA
3669-04/09/91-7-0
AIR FILTER
SVE lRENCH
VACUUM EXlRACTION
BLOWER UNIT
GAS CONCENlRA TION/SHUT
OFF MONITORING PORT
PRESSURE, GAS
SAMPLING PORT
TO
A TIMOSPHERE
PRESSURE/SHUT-Off CARBON CANISTER
No. 1
CARBON CANISTER
No. 2
figure 3.2
SVE PILOT SYSlEM
JADCO-HUGHES Sil£
Goston County. NC
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4) two-phase activated carbon treatment unit.
The SVE trench unit of the system is discussed in
Section 3.3.1. The well screen and rise pipe is attached to an air /water
separator tank. The air /water separator tank will contain any water that is
extracted from the vapor stream. The water will be transferred into
DOT-approved 55-gallon drums and temporarily stored on the concrete pad
in the Former Operations Area.
The air /water separator tank is attached to the vacuum
extraction blower unit which is a vacuum blower system that induces
negative pressure in the trench and draws out contaminants from the
subsurface soils.
The exhaust of vacuum extraction blower unit is attached
to two 1,200-pound activated carbon canisters which are connected in series.
Two additional 1,200-pound carbon canisters will be on Site as replacements
in the event that break-through occurs in the two original canisters during
the pilot study. The four canisters have a capacity to treat approximately 700
to 1,000 pounds of extracted volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds.
3.3.3 Piezometer /Soil Gas Probes
Permanent piezometer / soil gas probes will be installed in
the former landfill area to monitor the SVE pilot study. The probes will be
installed at distances of 25 and 50 feet from the SVE trench, in directions
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determined by the project manager to yield appropriate data on pressure
distributions and soil gas concentrations during the pilot study,
The probes will consist of 112-inch diameter, slotted
stainless steel tubing connected with V4-inch diameter stainless steel tubing to
the surface installed in an 8-inch diameter augered borehole as shown on
Figure 3,3, Thermocouples will be installed in the sandpack layer around
each sampling probe with leads to the surface, The temperature will be
determined by measuring the voltage output from the thermocouple with a
microvoltmeter, Soil gas samples will be collected and analyzed using the
protocols specified in the Sampling and Analysis Plan, Supplemental soil gas
concentration measurements will be made by attaching the probes to a
portable organic vapor meter with photoionization detector and monitoring
the organic vapor content until a stable reading is obtained,
33-4 Pilot Testing
Once installation of the vacuum extraction system is
complete, the system will be started, The system will be started up by
monitoring flowrates and subsurface vacuum levels until an optimum level
of flow and vacuum is achieved, An on-Site gas chromatograph may be used
to quantify wellhead VOC concentrations and monitor for breakthrough of
the vapor-phase carbon units,
Once optimum operation of the system has been
achieved, it will be placed in continuous service for a period of 30 days, The
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SAMPLING PORT AND VALVE
WA lERPROOF BOX
i---CEMENT /BENTONllE GROUT
,....._ CEMENT/BENTONllE GROUT
8-INCH II BOREHOLE ---,, ;+e---6O MESH SILICA SAND
-:t•-;.----B/12 SILICA SAND
1/2 INCH SLOTTED l\JBING -7~•kl;,r;: .,
•~.:;,.•,i.,'•:1---THERMOCOUPLE .... .. . . ..-:;. , ... _:,;-·~ • : :f. ·' ... :i .. ,...•v .. r:
figure 3.3
PIEZOMETER/SOIL GAS PROBE INSTALLATION
JADCO-HUGHES SITE
Goston County, NC
3669-O3/O9/91-7-O
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continuous rate-study is designed to evaluate the large-scale pneumatic
properties of the soils and surface cover in the former landfill area, and to
evaluate the efficiency of the activated-carbon treatment system. The
frequency and type of monitoring of the SVE pilot study is presented in the
Sampling and Analysis Plan.
3.3.5 Data Analysis
The frequency of monitoring and sampling of the SVE
system during the 30-day pilot study will be at startup and every seven days
thereafter. Wellhead flow rates and subsurface vacuum measurements will
be collected to analyze the efficiency of the SVE pilot study. Also, the quantity
of extracted vapor and voe extraction rates will be calculated .. The pressure
response and soil gas samples will be collected from each soil gas probe
location. Also, a wellhead gas sample and an off-gas sample will be collected
and analyzed. The protocols for collection of the gas samples are described in
detail in Section 3.5 of the Sampling and Analysis Plan.
3.3.6 Reporting
A report will be prepared detailing the results of SVE pilot
study. The total quantity of voes extracted during the pilot study will be
calculated along with wellhead voe concentrations and total voe extraction
rates. The semi-volatile concentrations and extraction rates will also be
quantified. The results of pressure data at the piezometer locations will be
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utilized to determine the radius of influence of the SVE trench and this will
be used to design SVE trench spacings and locations, and to optimize the
performance of the final SVE design.
The data collected from the soil gas probes will be used to
better define the vertical and horizontal distribution of contaminants in the
soil. The gas concentrations collected from the SVE system will be used to
selected appropriate carbon treatment units and to estimate carbon usage by
the full-scale SVE system.
3.4 RESIDUAL MANAGEMENT
All collected wastewater during the SVE pilot study will
be drummed and left on Site pending treatment during the final remedy for
the Site. The spent carbon canisters will also remain on Site. After
characterization, the canisters will be disposed of (regeneration or landfilling)
off Site.
3.5 SCHEDULE
The treatability study for the SVE system will commence
within 30 days of receipt of USEPA approval of this treatability study work
plan. The award of the contract to perform the SVE pilot study is anticipated
to be two to three weeks after receipt of USEPA approval. The field activities
will be approximately 30 to 40 days. The final results and conclusions of the
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SVE pilot study will be included in the Treatability Study Evaluation Report
which will be included with the 30% Design Report.
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4.0 GROUNDWATER TREATMENT PILOT STUDY
Aeration is a process employed to remove most volatile
organic compounds (VOes) from groundwater. The basic concept behind
aeration is to bring contaminated water into intimate contact with air, so that
the voes transfer from a thin film of vapor within the water molecules to
the air. The air is continuously passed through the aeration unit.
Figure 4.1 presents a schematic of a typical aeration
system. Extracted groundwater would be fed from an equalization tank to an
aeration tank for treatment. An aeration tank would consist of an inground
tank having a hydraulic retention time of approximately four to six hours.
Air diffusion would be conducted by the use of diffusers to provide an air to
water flowrate ratio (A:W) of approximately 30:1. When compared to air
strippers, high flowrate aeration tanks are less efficient but offer several
distinct operations advantages as follows:
1) less scaling takes place in an aeration tank; and
2) aeration tanks are more easily maintained than air strippers.
High rate aerations tanks are beneficial when used for
pretreatment prior to discharge to a POTW because voes are removed at a
high rate, and POTWs can treat the contaminants which are not removed by
aeration.
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RAW WATER FROM
EXTRACTION WELLS
CRA
3669 04/09/91 7 0
EQUAUZA TION
TANK
AERATION
TANK
--( r J
EXHAUST
AIR
-
BLOWER --I \ ~ 1 ,@ 1 1111---..i HEATER ,_,
TREATED
AIR
t
VAPOR
PHASE
CARBON
CONTACTOR
I ' I \
-=-TREATED WATER TO
POTW DISCHARGE
figure 4.1
TYPICAL AERA TlON SYSTEM
JADCO-HUGHES SITE
Gaston County. NC
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4.1 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERISTICS
Groundwater concentrations of VOCs and BNAs at the
Site were detected in a majority of the shallow monitoring wells and in the
two deep wells (MW2D and MWSD). Monitoring well location MW2D (and
associated existing extraction well, PWl) were selected for the treatability
study since those wells show the highest concentration and the greatest
variety of chemical constituents. Table 4.1 presents the concentrations of
compounds in the groundwater from MW2D. Acetone, butanone and
chloroform have the highest concentrations in samples taken from this well
and are the slowest to degrade by an aeration treatment system. These factors
together indicate that the water quality of MW2D would be the most difficult
to treat by aeration. The locations of MW2D and PW1 are shown on
Figure 4.2.
4.2 STUDY OBJECTIVES
The objective of groundwater treatment pilot study is to
evaluate the aeration remedy in reducing the groundwater contaminants to
acceptable discharge levels. The data collection and analysis during the pilot
study will be utilized in determining the design parameters for the full-scale
design of the groundwater treatment system.
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TABLE4.1
GROUNDWATER SAMPLE RESULTS
JADCO-HUGHES TREAT ABILITY STUDY
Detected Volatile Organic
Compounds (µg!L)
acetone
benzene
butanone
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1, 1-dichloroethene
1,2-dichloroethene (total)
ethyl benzene
methylene chloride
4-methyl-2-pentanone
toluene
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
total xylenes
Detected Base/Neutral/Acid
Organic Compounds (µg!L)
bis (2-chloroethyl) ether
di-n-butylphthalate
phenol
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
Selected Inorganic (mg/L)
Iron
Manganese
Notes:
µg/L -micrograms per liter
mg/L -milligrams per liter
J -the concentration is estimated
(1) -data collected during the RI
MW-2D (1)
140,563
1,285J
50,249
26,118
103,589
5,531
839J
1,007
1,268J
10,981
10,277J
98,808
672J
5,402
14,000J
450BJ
1,600
1,S00J
60
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CONESYOGA·ROVERS & ASSOCl1-ffES
--lli1
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CAA
Jeell-11/0Sl/111-7-0
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--~---PR0P£RTY 4NE ... GROUND cctlTClJR (FT. AMSL) ---PERF. toLU:CTION SYSTEM
FORCEMAIN
■ MW3S PLUME MONITORING WELLS
• S59 SENTRY MONITORING SYSTEM @PW2 [XTRACTION SYSTEM
• PZ PROPOSED ~EZOMETER
QMHC MANHOl.£ OJl~T
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: MW6D
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figure 4.2
MONITORING LOCATIONS
JAOCO-HUGHES SITE Gaston County, NC
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4.3 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
The pilot study will include the following equipment and
materials:
1) I-gallon bottles, containing a sample of contaminated groundwater
which will be collected from MW2D and/or PWl according to the
protocols in the Sampling and Analysis Plan;
2) polyethylene/teflon lined tubing;
3) a reactor vessel;
4) a pump; and
5) air dispersion tube.
The reactor will typically be a 10 litre glass vessel and will
be sealed to minimize incidental release of voes. A schematic of pilot study
equipment is presented on Figure 4.3.
As shown on Figure 4.3, the water is pumped from the
I-gallon bottle through a polyethylene teflon lined tubing to the reactor
vessel. A release valve is attached to the tubing line prior to entrance into the
vessel. At that point, an untreated groundwater sample can be obtained.
A dispersion tube is inserted into the reactor vessel in
order to add air into the water to strip the voes from the water. Various air
to water flowrate ratios will be attempted and analyzed as to their
effectiveness.
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CONESTOGA-ROVERS & ASSOCIATES
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CRA
1-GALLON
CONTAINER OF
UNTREATED WATER
3669-04/09/91-7-0
POLYElHYLENE/TEFLON
LINED TUBING
RELEASE VALVE
FOR SAMPLING
PUMP
DISPERSION
TUBE
[
10-LITRE
REACTOR VESSEL
SAMPLING
VALVE
~=::£~=-TO CONTAINMENT UNITS
figure 4.3
AERATION PILOT STUDY SYSTEM
JADCO-HUGHES SITE
Gaston County, NC
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4.4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
The treatability pilot study is separated into three tasks, as
follows:
1) sample collection and shipping;
2) sample analyses; and
3) pilot study.
4.4.1 Sample Collection and Shipping
Groundwater will be collected from monitoring well
MW2D and/or PWI. The samples will be collected in ten I-gallon amber
glass bottles with teflon caps and will be iced immediately after collection.
Samples will be shipped, under chain-of-custody procedures, to the selected
laboratory. Sample collection and handling procedures will be consistent
with protocols established in the SAP (Submittal B to the RD Work Plan).
4.4.2 Sample Analyses
At the start of study, an untreated groundwater sample
will be analyzed for the indicator parameters using USEP A protocols and
detection limits listed in Table 4.2. One duplicate untreated sample will be
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CONESTOGA·ROVERS P. ASSOCIATES
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TABLE 4.2
INDICATOR CHEMICALS
JADCO-HUGHES TREAT ABILITY STUDY
Compound
acetone
butanone
4-methyl-2-pentanone
benzene
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,2-dichloroethene (total)
ethyl benzene
toluene
total xylenes
vinyl chloride
1, 1-dichloroethene
1, 1-dichloroethane
Note:
EPA Method
602
601
601
601
601
602
602
602
601
601
601
* The PFBOA Ketone determination method will be performed using
0-(2,3,4,5,6 -Pentafluorobenyzl) hydropylamine or PFBOA.
Quantitation
Limit
(µg!L)
1.5 to 10.0
1.5 to 10.0
1.5 to 10.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
0.18
0.13
0.07
COi,ESTOGA·ROVERS & ASSOCIATES
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analyzed for VOCs and BNAs using SW846 methodology as indicated in
Table 4.3 as a Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) measure.
After each run of the pilot study, a sample of the treated
effluent water will be collected for analysis of the indicator parameters as
listed in Table 4.2. In addition, another sample will be collected from one of
the trial run tests and analyzed for metals. Table 4.4 presents the metal
compounds to be analyzed and the estimated detection limits.
No vapor samples are proposed to be collected and
analyzed during the study. Vapor concentrations will be calculated using
mass balances.
4.4.3 Pilot Study
The reactor vessel described in Section 4.3 will be
continuously charged with groundwater from the I-gallon amber bottle at a
constant flow rate. The flow rate into the vessel will be such that the
retention time in the vessel is four to six hours. During the pilot study, the
temperature of the groundwater will remain exactly as the temperature
which was obtained when the groundwater samples were collected.
The air flow rate from the dispersion tube into the vessel
will be at a fixed A:W ratio during the retention time. For the first pilot study
run, the A:W ratio will be 10:1.
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COil!ESTOGA·ROVERS & ASSOCIATES
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TABLE4.3
voe AND BNA COMPOUNDS
JADCO-HUGHES TREAT ABILITY STUDY
Volatile Compounds (SW846 Method 8260)
Compound
chloromethane
bromomethane
vinyl chloride
chloroethane
methylene chloride
acetone
carbon disulfide
1, 1-dichloroethene
1, 1-dichloroethane
1,2-dichloroethene (total)
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
butanone
1, 1, I-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
bromodichloromethane
1,2-dichloropropane
trans-1,3-dichloropropene
trichloroethene
benzene
dibromochloromethane
1, 1,2-trichloroethane
cis-1,3-dichloropropene
bromoform
2-hexanone
tetrachloroethene
1, 1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
toluene
chlorobenzene
ethyl benzene
4-methyl-2-pentanone
styrene
total xylenes
Page 1 of 3
Quantitation Limit
(µg!L)
10
10
2
10
5
100
5
5
5
5
5
5
100
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
50
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
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TABLE4.3
voe AND BNA COMPOUNDS
JADCO-HUGHES TREAT ABILITY STUDY
Base/Neutral/Acid Compounds (SW846 Method 8270)
Page 2of 3
Quantitation Limit
Compound (µg!L)
bis(2-chloroethyl)ether 10
phenol 10
2-chlorophenol 10
1,3-dichlorobenzene · 10
1,4-dichlorobenzene 10
1,2-dichlorobenzene 10
benzyl alcohol 10
bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether 10
2-Methylphenol 10
hexachloroethane 10
N-nitroso-di-n-propylamine 10
nitrobenzene 10
4-methylphenol 10
isophorone 10
2-nitrophenol 10
2,4-dimethylphenol 10
bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 10
2,4-dichlorophenol 10
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 10
naphthalene 10
4-chloroaniline 10
hexachlorobutadiene 10
2-methylnaphthalene 10
p-chloro-m-cresol 10
hexachlorocyclopentadiene 10
2,4,5-trichlorophenol 10
2,4,6-trichlorophenol 10
2-chloronaphthalene 10
acenaphthylene 10
dimethylphthalate 10
2,6-dinitrotoluene 10
acenaphthene 10
3-nitroaniline 50
dibenzofuran 10
CO~l:STOGA·ROVERS ll, ASSOCIATES
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TABLE4.3
VOCANDBNACOMPOUNDS
JADCO-HUGHES TREAT ABILITY STUDY
Base/Neutral/Acid Compounds (SW846 Method 8270)
Page 3 of 3
Quantitation Limit
Compound (µg!L)
2,4-dinitrophenol 50
2,4-dinitrotoluene 10
fluorene 10
4-nitrophenol 10
4-chlorophenyl phenyl ether 10
diethylphthalate 10
4,6-dinitro-2-methylphenol 10
N-nitrosodiphenylamine 10
4-nitroaniline 50
4-bromophenyl-phenyl ether 10
hexachlorobenzene 10
pentachlorophenol 5
phenanthrene 10
anthracene 10
di-n-butylphthalate 10
fluoranthene 10
pyrene 10
butylbenzylphthalate 10
chrysene 10
benzo(a)anthracene 10
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 10
di-n-octylphthalate 10
benzo(b)fluoranthene 10
benzo(k)fluoranthene 10
benzo(a)pyrene 10
indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene 10
dibenz(a,h)anthracene 10
benzo(g,h,i)perylene 10
3,3'-dichlorobenzidine 20
2-nitroaniline 50
Note:
1) Quantitation limits (QLs) are highly matrix dependent. The QLs listed herein
are provided for guidance and may not always be achievable.
COi<!:CSYOGA·ROVERS £. ASSOCIATES
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TABLE4.4
METAL COMPOUNDS
JADCO-HUGHES TREAT ABILITY STUDY
Metals
Estimated
Quantitation Limit
(µg!L) SW846 (6010) Method
Compound
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Nickel
Vanadium
Zinc
Note:
45
32
53
2
0.3
4
7
7
42
2
15
8
2
(1) Quantitation limits (QLs) are estimated and highly matrix
dependent. The QLs listed herein are provided for guidance
and may not always be achievable.
CONESTOGA-ROVERS r, ASSOCiATES
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After the completion of the retention time, a sample of
treated effluent water will be collected in a 40 mL glass septum vial and will
be analyzed for the indicator chemicals. An additional five pilot study runs
will be conducted and each run will have a different A:W ratio. The ratios
will be as follows: 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1 and 35:1. After each run, an effluent
water sample will be collected and analyzed for the indicator chemicals. Also,
an additional sample will be collected, during one pilot study run, and
analyzed for metals.
4.5 ANALYTICAL METHODS
The analytical method used to detect the concentration of
the indicator chemicals in the water samples, as listed in Table 4.2, will be
measured by gas liquid chromatography using EPA Methods 601 and 602. The
ketone compounds will be analyzed using the PFBOA ketone method or
USEP A SW846 Method 8260 as described in the QAPP (Appendix B to the
SAP, Submittal B to the RD Work Plan). The duplicate water samples, used
as a QA/QC measure, will be analyzed for VOCs and BNAs using USEPA
Methods 8260 and 8270, respectively. USEP A Method 6010 will be used to
detect the metals in the treated groundwater. All analytical protocols are
described in the QAPP.
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4.6 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
All data and results of the groundwater treatment pilot
study will be summarized and the efficiency of the pilot study will be
presented in the Treatability Study Evaluation Report, along with the results
of the SVE pilot study, to USEPA.
4.7 HEAL TH AND SAFETY
All requirements of the Health and Safety Plan
(Submittal A to the RD Work Plan) will be adhered to during the
groundwater treatment pilot study, therefore no additional health and safety
measures are required. During the laboratory phase of the work, all tests will
be conducted in accordance with established USEP A analytical and sample
management protocols (see SAP and QAPP).
4.8 RESIDUAL MANAGEMENT
All residual untreated and treated water obtained from
the Site and brought to the laboratory for the pilot study, will be returned to
the Jadco-Hughes Site and included with development and decontamination
wastewater for subsequent disposal.
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4.9 SCHEDULE
The treatability pilot studies are scheduled to commence
within 30 days following USEPA approval of the treatability study work plan.
Laboratory studies will be completed over a two-week period and the results
will be included in the Treatability Study Evaluation Report which will be
included with the 30% Design Report.
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1.
2.
"Remedial Investigation Report, Jadco-Hughes Site, Gaston County,
North Carolina", CRA, July 1990.
"Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste Physical/Chemical
Methods", USEPA SW-846, Third Edition, Revision I, December 1987.
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