NCD980557656_19930301_NC State University (Lot 86 Farm Unit 1)_FRCBERCLA FS_RIFS Site Health and Safety Plan-OCR

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RI/FS SITE
HEAL TH AND SAFETY PLAN
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
LOT 86 SITE
Raleigh, North Carolina
March 1993
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I HEAL TH AND SAFETY PLAN
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I REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION/
I FEASIBILITY STUDY
I NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
I LOT 86 SITE
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
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I SUBMITTED TO
I UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
I REGION IV
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I PREPARED BY
BROWN AND CALDWELL
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Reviewed/
HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
FOR THE
NORTH CAROLINA ST A TE UNIVERSITY
LOT 86 SITE
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
March 1993
Approved by:_______________ Date: ________ _
Corporate Health and Safety Officer
Reviewed/
Approved by:_______________ Date: ________ _
Project Manager
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SIGNATURE PAGE
I certify that I have read, fully understand, and will comply with the Health and Safety guidelines
set forth herein for the NCSU Lot 86 site Re .... -.m ....... ·-..... -.oo.•••· iaHlnvest ... i.ga ..... · .... t .. fan .•. ,,,,,::,:,•,:::,,,,,,,, . .,.,,,.,,,,,,:o:,,:,,:,,"'',
NAME COMPANY DATE
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HEAL TH AND SAFETY PLAN
North Carolina State University
Lot 86 Site
Raleigh, North Carolina
SITE HISTORY
The NCSU Lot 86 site (Figure 1) is located on the west side of Raleigh,
North Carolina, near Carter-Finley Stadium, approximately 100 feet south of the
southern right-of-way of Wade Avenue Extension. Wade Avenue Extension
connects with Interstate 40 (1-40), which is a heavily traveled thoroughfare
carrying commuter traffic between Raleigh and Research Triangle Park, as well
as interstate traffic.
The 1.5-acre site is located in Wake County; furthermore, the site is located on and
surrounded by state-owned property. A large grass-covered open area, west of the site and north
of Carter-Finley Stadium, is used for parking during stadium events. The dirt road leading into
this area from Old Trinity Road is used as a jogging path by NCSU students and area residents.
Trees along the fence, north of the site, screen the view from Wade Avenue Extension. A pine
forest borders the site to the east. The nearest water supply well is located approximately 2,000
feet southeast of the site, at Medlin residence (Figure 1 ). ·-·
NCSU selected Lot 86 of Farm Unit No. I in I 969 as a burial site for
hazardous chemical waste and low-level radioactive waste generated in the
University's educational and research laboratories. The site was divided into
two separate areas as shown on Figure 2; the western half to receive hazardous
chemical waste, and the eastern half to receive low-level radioactive waste. Burial of waste was
discontinued in November 1980 to comply with regulations promulgated under the Resource
Conversation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
The site was placed on the National Priority List (NPL) in October 1984, based on an
inspection completed earlier in June. The USEPA and North Carolina OHS (Division of Health
Services), Solid and Hazardous Waste Branch, completed hazard ranking score sheets for the site
and determined the degree of contamination to warrant inclusion on the NPL. The types of
chemicals reported to have been buried at the site include solvents, pesticides, inorganics, acids,
and bases.
The chemical wastes were placed in trenches located in the northwest
portion of the site. The trenches were approximately 10 feet deep and 50 to
150 feet long (Figure J). After filling, about 2 feet of soil, which was
excavated during trench construction, was used as cover material. Later, the
BROWN AND CAWWEU I HeaJJJ, and Safety Flan· March 1993
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~CARTER
STADIUM
LOT 86
SITE
a <,:
0 a:: g ~ REX HOSPITAL
ci ~
w D LAKE BOONE TRAIL
:::i _,
ai
WADE AVE. EXTENSION
~ MEDLIN RESIDENCE
OLD TRINITY ROAD
STA~
FAIR GROUNDS
Figure 1 North Carolina State University
Lot 86 Site Vicinity Map
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Figure 2 North Carolina State University
Lot 86 Site Study Area
•l
--
BG Brown and Caldwell
Consultants
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• Source: NCSU File
Information
Figure 3 Lot 86 Site
Site Plan
0 50
i MM M I
SCAI.E IN FffT
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disturbed area was seeded with grass. The University estimates that approximately 22 trenches
totalling less than 2,000 linear feet were used. Although some of the liquid chemicals disposed
of during the initial site operations were poured into the trenches, both liquid and solid chemicals
were generally buried in metal, glass, or plastic containers.
NCSU reported on the CERCLA of 1980, Section 103(c) Hazardous Waste Notification
form filed on June 8, 1981, that it had disposed of 300,000 cubic feet or about 11,000 cubic
yards of waste at the site. NCSU maintains that this quantity includes contaminated soil and
water as well as waste material.
According to available information, radiological wastes were buried in the eastern portion
of the site in trenches approximately 6 feet deep with 4 feet of cover material. Records concern-
ing wa5te disposal in this area are maintained by the NCSU Radiation Protection Office. Most
of the waste is in solid form, primarily animal carcasses. These range in size
from rats to whole sheep. The carcasses were frozen when buried and were not
containerized. T_h?lpdionuclides present in the waste af!J!!~e[tiirif§f?cii§pQ@,l
included tritium, carbon-14, iron-59, phosphorus-30, and phosphorus-32.
Groundwater survey results for the LLRW area are shown on Table 1, with
quantities of buried radioactive material on Table 2.
This Health and Safety Plan addresses the activities associated with Remedial Investigation
Activities and Treatability Study tasks (if needed) for the chemical and LLRW materials, and
groundwater at the site. These activities include soil boring construction and sampling to define
the nature and extent of soil contamination, and monitor well installation and sampling to
determine the nature and extent of groundwater contamination associated with past site activities.
BROWN AND CAWWELL 5 Health and Saf~ty Plan -March 1993
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Location
Well #02
Well #08
Well #11
Table 1 Groundwater Radioactivity Survey Results (1985)
for the LLRW Disposal Area
North Carolina State University Site, Raleigh, NC
Gross radiation of groundwater (pCi/mJ•)
Gross alpha Gross beta Ra-226
------------
0.9±1 4.1±1.3 49±7
2.2±1.3 4.5±1.3 15±3
Well #14 (background) ------------
Well #20 --------42±7
' pCi/ml = picoCuries per milliliter of sample.
K-40
104±31
107±25
----
65±25
207±34
Note: The number immediately after the sign "±" signifies one standard deviation of all of the
measurements taken at a sampling location or well.
Source: NCSU Radiation Protection Office, May 1987.
HSP\720CTrl.HSP
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Table 2 Quantities of Buried Radionuclides at the LLRW Disposal Area
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
Documented on-site quantities (milliCuries or mCi) at burial date
Radioactive element Trenches
No. I No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 No. 6 No. 7 No. 8 No. 9
Burial period:
Begin: Apr-70 Jul-71 Aug-72 Oct-73 Nov-74 Mar-76 Mar-77 Jan-79 l'cb-80
End: Jun-71 Jul-72 Sep-73 Oct-74 Nov-76 Fcb-77 Dec-78 Jan-80 Feb-81
Mid-point: Nov-70 Jan-72 Mar-73 Apr-74 Nov-75 Aug-76 Jan-78 Jul-79 Aug-80
Cadmium-109 (Cd-109) 0.040 2.556 0.755 1.250 0.560 0.060 1.130 0.652
Calcium-45 (Ca-45) 0.955 0.090 0.115 0.005 0.050
Carbon-14 (C-14) 10.633 8.807 2.203 6.852 6.032 21.290 13.859 4.660 0.171
Cesium-I 37 (Cs-137) 0.210
Chlorine-36 CI-36) 0.047 0. I 00 0.145 0.235 0.010 0.135 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------Chromium-51 (Cr-51) 0.200 2.500 3.005
Cobalt-60 (Co-60) 0.010 0.150
Copper-64 (Cu-64) 0.100 0.400
Hydrogen-3 (H-3 or Tritium) 74.152 4.301 47.770 45.647 16.070 18.210 43.250 75.890 0.650
Iron-59 (Fe-59) 0.035 0.060 ---------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------· r---------· r--------· Molybdenum-99 (Mo-99) 0.050 0.161 2.510 0.015
Nickel-63 (Ni-63) 0.040
Pbosphorus-32 (P-32) 1.145 0.907 0.760 0.400 0.440 0.910
Sodium-22 (Na-22) 0.025
Sulfur-35 (S-35) 0.650 0.020 0.110 0.104 0.070 0. 135 ----------------------------------+---------· 1------------------------------------------- ------------------------Vanadium-48 (V-48) 0.008
Zinc-65 (Zn-65) 0.850 0.430 0.388 0.443 0.340 0.900 2.400 3.495 0.790
Natural uranium 0.01 I
(or 33g) ------------------------------------------· 1------------------· 1---------· -----------------------------------------Total of all radioactive elements 88.472 14.776 56.627 54.487 26.957 41.710 60.724 88.380 2.48]
Source: NCSU Radiation Protection Office, May 1987.
HSP\7200T2.HSP
All
trenches
-----
-----
-----
7.003
1.215
74.507
0.210
0.672 ----------5.705
0.160
0.500
325.940
0.095 r----------2.736
0.040
4.562
0.025
1.089 ----------0.008
10.036
0.01 I
----------434.514
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Project Manager (PM)
Health and Safety Officer (HSO)
Site Safety Officer (SSO)
Project Scientists
BROWN AND CALDWELL
KEY PERSONNEL
Ben Young, P.E.
Stephen Smith, CIH, CSP, CHMM
Jim1Eirlion
Linda Henry, Ph.D.
John Absalon P.G.
8 HealJh and Safety Plan -Mead 1993
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The PM is responsible for generating, organizing, and compiling the HSP which describes
all planned field activities and potential hazards that may be encountered at the site. The PM
is also responsible for assuring that adequate training and safety briefings for the project are
provided to the project team. The PM has provided a copy of this HSP to each member of the
project field team and one copy to each subcontractor prior to the initiation of any field activities.
The HSO is responsible for developing and coordinating the health and safety program.
For specific projects, the HSO is responsible for reviewing and approving the draft HSP for
accuracy and incorporating new information or guidelines which aid the PM and SSO in further
definition and control of the potential health and safety hazards associated with the project.
The project scientists are responsible for ensuring that all data acquisition is performed in
accordance with the RI/FS Work Plan, Sampling and Analysis Plan, Quality Assurance Project
Plan, and this HSP, and that deviations from the plan are based upon field conditions encountered
and are well documented in the field notes. Their health and safety responsibilities include:
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2.
3.
4.
Following the HSP.
Reporting to the PM any unsafe conditions or practices.
Reporting to the PM all facts pertaining to incidents which result in mJury or
exposure to toxic materials.
Reporting to the PM equipment malfunctions or deficiencies.
The SSO has on-site responsibility for ensuring that all team members, including
subcontractors, comply with the HSP. It is the SSO's responsibility to inform the subcontractors
and other field personnel of chemical and physical hazards as he becomes aware of them. The
SSO has the authority to monitor and correct health and safety problems as noticed on-site.
Additional SSO responsibilities include:
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Providing site safety briefings for team members.
Updating equipment or procedures to be used on-site based upon new information
gathered during the site investigation.
Inspecting all personal protective equipment (PPE) prior to on-site use.
Assisting the PM in documenting compliance with the HSP by completing the
standard health and safety forms.
Assisting in and evaluating the effectiveness of decontamination procedures for
personnel, protective equipment, sampling equipment and containers, and heavy
equipment and vehicles.
Enforcing the "buddy system" as appropriate for site activities.
BROWN AND CAWWEU 9 Hea/Jh and SafetJ Plan· March 1993
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7.
8.
9.
10.
Posting location and route to the nearest medical facility; arranging for emergency
transportation to the nearest medical facility.
Posting the telephone numbers of local public emergency services; i.e., police and
fire.
Stopping operations that threaten the health and safety of the field team or
surrounding populace.
Entering the exclusion area in emergencies after he has notified emergency services.
11. Observing field team members for signs of exposure, stress, or other conditions
related to preexisting physical conditions or specific site work activities.
All subcontractors are responsible for their own corporate health and safety program and
the health and safety of their own employees. A copy of their written program must be sub-
mitted for review to the HSO. The subcontractor's health and safety requirements for this project
are specified by this HSP. The removal action contractor will submit a separate HSP to Brown
and Caldwell for review prior to initiation of construction work on the site.
PROJECT CONT ACTS
The following is a reference list of project contacts:
Client:
Regulatory Agency:
Project Manager
Health & Safety Officer:
Site Safety Officer:
BROWN AND CAWWEU
North Carolina State University
Bruce L. MacDonald
[phone]
U.S. EPA Region IV
Randy Jackson
[phone]
Brown and Caldwell
Ben Young
[phone]
Stephen Smith
[phone]
Jiffi1Einion
Hea/lh and Safety Plmt -Marci, 1993
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Project Scientist: Linda Henry, Ph.D.
John Absalon P.G.
[phone]
Subcontractors: To Be Determined
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS
The following emergency telephone numbers will be used to call for assistance:
City of Raleigh, North Carolina
Fire Department--
Emergency
Non-Emergency
Police Department
Emergency
Non-Emergency
Ambulance
i,l~ Hospital
Emergency Room
North Carolina Department of
Environmental Management, Raleigh, NC
US EPA Region IV
OSHA Region IV
National Response Center
Chemtrec Hotline
RCRA Hotline
NIOSH Regional Office
BROWN AND CAWWEU 11
911
[phone]
911
(9 I 9) 890-3335
911
[phone]
4420 Lake Boone Trail
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
Heallh and Safety Plan -March 1993
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HAZARD ANALYSIS
The potential hazards to personnel working at the NCSU Lot 86 site have been identified
a5 chemical contamination of soil or groundwater, exposure to low-level radioactive waste
material, and physical hazards of working around heavy equipment or near high voltage electrical
power transmission lines. Adverse weather conditions, sunburn, and heat stress are also potential
hazards which must be monitored. The potential chemical and physical hazards are described
below.
CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
Previous investigations and laboratory analysis for the soil on the site
have indicated the presence of the following list of chemicals (Table 3).
Table 4 presents exposure limits and additional contaminant information
for the key chemicals which may be present at the site. Table 2 shows buried
quantities with regard to radionuclides, and Table 5 represents peak concentra-
tion values for key chemicals known to have been buried on-site. It is important to note,
however, past investigations have not shown radiation levels to be above that of normal back-
ground levels.
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
A number of site specific physical hazards are present at the NCSU Lot 86 site. These
hazards are a function of the nature and condition of the site as well as a consequence of the
work being performed.
The inherent physical hazards include uneven terrain, holes, ditches and native North
Carolina plants, animals and insects. Personnel should be aware of these hazards and perform
a site walk-through to i_dentify the presence of these hazards.
Soil sampling and monitor well installation will be accomplished with the use of a drill rig.
Working with and around heavy equipment requires wearing a hard hat and steel-toed boots.
Additionally, dust generation during these activities may require eye protection. Care should be
taken to identify the presence of underground utilities or tanks and overhead power lines.
Noise levels associated with heavy equipment operation may result in permanent hearing
loss. Hearing protection will be required for workers in the immediate vicinity of operating
drilling equipment.
Weather conditions will be close! y monitored and all site work will be suspended during
thunderstorms, heavy rains, fog, dust storms, hail, hurricanes, and darkness. Sunburn is a
physical hazard to site personnel when working outdoors on sunny days for extended periods of
time. Excessive exposure to sunlight is associated with the development of skin cancer and
BROWN AND CAWWEU 12 Hea/Jh and Sa/el! Plan. March 1993
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Table 3 Representative List of Chemicals Included in Waste Burials
Aliphatic Alcohols
1-butanol
2-chloroethanol
ethanol
dihydroxypropane
ethylene glycol
isopropanol (propyl alcohol)
methanol
2-methyl-1-propanol (propyl alcohol)
pentanol
2-pentanol
propanol (propyl alcohol)
2-propanol (propyl alcohol)
Miscellaneous Solvents
ethylbenzene
acetonitrile
benzene
cyclohexane
1,4-dioxane
ether
ethyl acecate
ethyl ether
heplalle
hexane
iso-octane (octane)
nitrobenzene
penlalle
pyridine
tetrahydrofuran (TI{F)
toluene
p-xylene
Inorganics
aluminum
antimony
arsenic
boron
bromine (bromide)
cadmium
chloride (chlorine)
cobalt
copper
chromium
cyanide
fluoride
Chemicals
Inorganics
iodine (iodide)
iron
lead
lithium (hydride)
magnesium (oxide)
manganese
mercury
molybdenum
nickel
phosphorus
potassium
selenium
silver
sodium
strontium
sulfur
lhallium
tin
titanium
zinc
Ketones
acetone
2-butanone
methyl ethyl ketone
4-methyl 2-pentanone
2-pentanone
Aldehydes
acetaldehyde
benzaldehyde
formaldehyde
Bases
potassium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
Oxidants
benzoyl peroxide
hydrogen peroxide
potassium permanganate
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Table 3 Representative List of Chemicals Included in Waste Burials (continued)
Miscellaneous Organics
acenapthene
acrolein
acrylonilrile
2-chloroethyl ether
di-n-butylphthalate
2-methylbutane
4-methylpent-1-ene
nitromethane
nitrotoluene
styrene
p-toluidine
trioxymethylene
diethyl ether
Acids
acetic acid
benzoic acid
boric acid
chloroacetic acid
chromic acid
2-5-dinitrobenwic acid
formic acid
hydrochloric acid
hydrofluoric acid
mercaptoacetic acid
mercaptoproprionic acid
nilric acid
osmic acid
perchloric acid
phosphoric acid
picric acid
proprionic acid
succinic acid
sulfuric acid
thioacetic acid
thioproprionic acid
tribromoacetic acid
trichloroacetic acid
trilluoroacetic acid
Phenols
p-chlorophenol
2,4-dinitrophenol
p-nitrophenol
phenol
phenolphthalein
Chemicals
Pesticides/Herbicides/Fungicides
atrazioe
carbofuran
2,4-0
DOE
DDT
endrin
ethylene dibromide
malathion
methoxychlor
parathion
sevin
toxaphene
Amines
bisacry lamide
aniline
N-butylamine
dibutylamine
diethylamine
N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF)
diphenylamine
N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylene-diamine
dipropylamine
ethylenediamine
N-propylamine
tetraethylene diamine
tributylamine
triethylamine
lrimethylamine
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
bromobenzene
bromoethane
carbon tetrachloride
chlorobenzene
2-chloro-2-methylpropane
chloroform
1,2-dibromoethane
1,2-dichloroethane
dichloroethane
2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene
ethylene bromide
methylene chloride
perchloroethylene
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Table 3 Representative List of Chemicals Included in Waste Burials (continued)
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
tetrachloroelhane
letrachloroethylene
lrichlorobenzene
lrichloroethylene
dichloromelhane-1,2-dichloropropane
I, I, I-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
Source: ESE, 1987.
IISP\7200f3.HSP
Chemicals
PAHS (polyaromataic hydrocarbons
benzidine
biphenyl
bromonaphthalene
chloronaphthalene
chrysene
napthalene
phenanthrene
-- -.. ----------
Table 4 Exposure Limits and Additional Contaminant Information
Highest Flamrnahility inf,,nn;.i1i,,n
Conlaminant concentrali1ms loni£ation TLV,' IDLW EAp11:.urc
(organics) detected in potential level, ppm warning KcmarJ..s
groundw.itcr ppm Boiling Ha:.h CllllCCnlfJ.li(,nS
samples, µg/1 point poilll
Bromoform 10,370 10.48 cV 0.5 Unknown 301' F NIA "adc4uate" Eye irritation
Ethylene JihromiJc ---9.-15 cV 211, A2 41KJ 268" F NIA 10 -25 ppm Respiratory irritatiun
Carbon ti:traL:hloriJc 6-13 11.47 cV PEL= 2, A2 31KJ 170" F NIA 21...t -200 ppm Nausea, vomiting
Chloroform 51,100 11.42 cV PEL= 2, A2 l,(KKJ 143" F NIA 50 -307 ppm Dizziness, mental dullness
Methylene d1loride 1,260 11.32 cV 50, A2 5,000 104" F Uukmiwn 25 -320 ppm weak/sleepy
I, I, I -Trichloroethane 3,526 I 1.00 cV 350 1,IK)(J 237' F NIA 20 -4(KJ ppm nose/eye irritant
I, 1,2-Trichlorocthanc 8,930 I 1.00 eV 10, A2 500 237' F N/A 20 -4IKJ ppm nose/eye irriiant
l, l ,2-Trichlorocthcne 3,700 9.45 cV 50, A2 l,IKKJ 237° F NIA 20 -4IJO ppm nose/eye irrirnnt
Atrazinc ---NIA 5 mg/m3 NIA M.P. NIA
171-174' F
NIA Slight smell
Benzene 36,51Kl 9.24 cV PEL=l,A2 3,IKK) 176' F 12° F 4.68 ppm nn:-.dcyc irrilalll
Bromohenzene 840 8.98 eV NIA NIA 156.2' F 124'' F NIA NIA
Bromodichloromcthanc 2IXJ 34.8° F 4" F
Chlorobcnzene 365 9.07 cV 10 2,41Kl 270' F 85" F 0.21 -60 ppm skin/eye/nose irritant
1,2-Dibromomethane 28,850 10.49 cV NIA 95.6' F <50" F toxic to open wounds
Dichloromethane 810 11.32 cV 50, A2 5,IJ(K) 104' F Unkn(iwn 25 -320 ppm weakness. fatigue
1,2-Dichloropropanc 82,200 10.87 cV 75, A2 2,IXJO 206° F 60° F 50 ppm eye irritation, drowsiness
1,3-Dichloropropanc 1,230 10.87 cV NIA 2,1)()() 125° F 69.8'-' F 50 ppm eye irritation, drowsiness
Diethylcther 40, IIKJ 9.53 cV 400 19 ,()()() extremely flammable 0.33 ppm nammablc liquid
Ethyl benzene 3,935 8.76 cV llKJ 2,IKKJ 227' F 55° F 0.25 -200 ppm eye irritant
4-Mcthyl-2-pcntan{IOC 8,530 9.30 cV 50 3,IKKl 242' F 64" F 0.28 - 8 ppm eye/skin irritant
1-Pcntanc 80 10.34 PEL= 200 15,()(XJ 97° F -57' F 2.2 ppm llarnmahlc. irritant, narcotic
2-Propanone 1,335 9.69 cV 750 20,1)()() 133° F 0° F I()() ppm skin/eye irritant
Tctrachlorocthene 185 9.32 cV 50 500 250' F NIA 4.68 -50 ppm Cancer
Toluene 14,61)() 8.82 eV 50 2,()(JO 232' F 40' F 0.17 -40 ppm dizziness, headache
Xylcnc-A+B isomers I0,21XJ 8.44-8.56 100
eV
I ,IK)(J 269-292° F 63-84° F 0.47 -3.7 ppm narcotic, eye/nose irritant
--------
Table 4 Exposure Limits and Additional Contaminant Information (continued)
Highest Flammahility informalillll
Con1an1inant conrcntrnti(111s lllllit.atitm TLV,~ IIJLW Exposure
detected in warning Remarks (organics) groundwater potential ppm level, ppm Boiling FJ;..1sh l'tmccntrations
~•unpks, µgll point point
Methyl benzene ---8.82 eY 50 2,000 232° F 40" F 0.17 -40 ppm dizziness, headache
Tc1rachltin1mctham: ---11.47 cV 5 3(Xl 170" F NIA 21.4-200ppm Cancer
2-Butanonc ---9.54 cV 200 3,0<XI 175" F 16" F 4.8 -25 ppm dizziness. eye/nose ilTilant
1,4-Dioxanc ---9.13 eV 25 2.000 214° F 55" F I.X -17ll ppm Ci.inccr
Endrin ---Unknown 0.1 mg/mJ 2,000 mg/m3 200° F NIA NIA Poison
dccompuscs
LimJ;rnc ---Unknow11 0.5 mg/m3 1,000 mg/m3 614° F Nlr\ 3.9 -21.3 mg/m3 practically od,1rlcss
Mcthoxychlor ---Unknown 10 mg/m1 not cstahlishcd 7X" F Unknown NIA Cancer
Toxaphenc ---Unknown 0.5 mg/m1 200 mglm' 65-91l° F 275" F 0.IX152 ppm Cancer
2,4-D ---Unknown 10 mg/m1 5(X) mg/m1 160" F N/A 0.02 -0.1 ppm Cancer
Silvex ---Unknown NIA NIA M.P. 182" F NIA Cancer
NOTE: Highest concentration values in groundwaier arc taken from USEPA information and have hccn noted 10 he inconsistent. The values arc also taken from Well #I and
#2 samples, obtained hctwccn 1983 and 1985.
N/A:::: Not availahle.
a ppm (unless otherwise noted).
b Suspected carcinogen.
Source: Brown and Caldwell.
11s1'1noon usrn
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Table 4 Exposure Limits and Additional Contaminant Information (continued)
Highest
Contaminant nmccntr:llion
(inorganics) detected in
soil samples,
µg/1
Aluminum ---
Barium 0.1
Bromine ---
Chlt1rinc ---
Iodine ---
Lead 0.3
Magnesium ---
Manganese 1.55
Mercury .0003
Sodium 7.70
Titanium ---
Vanadium Pentoxidc ---
Zinc Oxide .14
Iron 1.63
Beryllium ---
Cadmium .!K15
Silver .05
Selenium .005
Arsenic .OI
Chromium .01
Nickel ---
Antimony ---
Copper .05
Thallium ---
Total Phenolsa ---
a ppm (unless otherwise noted).
b Suspected carcinogen.
IISPl7200T4.IISl'fJ
IouiLali,m TLV:
potential ppm
10 mglm'
0.5 mg/m3
l0.55 eV 0.1 mg/m3
11.48 0.5 ppm
9.31 C 0.1 ppm
NIA 0.15 mg/m3
NIA 10 mg/m3
NIA 5 mg/m3
Unknowu 0.1 mgim'
Unknown not established
Unknown not eslablishcd
NIA 0.05 mg/m1
NIA 10 mg/m1
NIA 5 mg/m1
NIA 0.002 mg/m3
NIA 0.05 mg/m3
NIA 0.01 mg/1111
N/A 0.2 mg/1113
NIA 0.2 mg/m1
NIA 0.5 mg/m1
NIA I mg/m1
NIA 0.5 mg/mJ
NIA I mg/m3
Unknown 0.1 mg/m1
8.50 cV 5 ppm
Flammahility i11forma1i,m
mu1• Exp11sun::
kvel, ppm warning Rcmatks
Boiling Fl:i~h c,mccntrations
point point
Unknown 2,450" F NIA Unknown flammahlc solid
1,100 mg/m3 2,840" F NIA Unknown llammahlc solid
10 ppm 139" F NIA 0.5 -3.5 mg/m1 <lia.incss, headache, irritalc<l eyes
311 ppm -29" F NIA 0.111 -5 ppm huming or eyes. nose
Ill ppm 365" F NIA 1.63 irritated eyes, nose
700 mg/m3 3,16-1" F NIA ---weak, ahdominal pain
1101 cslablishcd 6,512" F NIA ---irritated eyes, nose; cough
1101 established 3,56-1" F Nlr\ ---dry throat, cough
28 mg/m3 674" F NIA "odorless" cough, chcst pain
Unknown 881" F NIA ---skin hums
Unknown 3,277" F NIA ---Jlammahlc solid; spontanc()usly
combustible
70 mg/1111 3,182° F NIA 0.5 -2.2 mg/m1 poison, cough, chest pain
not established Unknown N/A ---dry throat, cough, chills, fi.:va
not eslahlished Unknown N/A ---poison
10 mg/m1 4,532° F NIA ---Cancer
50 mg/m3 1,409" F NIA l11ade4uatc Cancer, <.:ough, chills, shortness of
breath
not cstublbhed 3,632" F N/A ---irritated throat, skin
Unknown 1,265" F NIA 0.0002 mg/1111 irritated eyes, nose and throat
llXl mgim' 612" F N/A I mg/m1 Cancer
Sublimes
not cstahlishcd 4,788" F NIA ---Cancer
not established 5,139" F NIA ---Cancer
80 mg/m' 2,975" F NIA ---irritated nose, lhroat; cough
not established 4,703" F NIA ---irritated nose, throat
20 mg/m1 Variable NIA ---nausea, ahdominal pain
250 ppm 359" F 175° F 0.!147 -5 ppm irritated eyes, nose and throa1
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Table 5 Peak Concentrations of Tetrachloroethene, Chloroform, and
Carbon Tetrachloride in Groundwater (March 1985
through July 1986) (all concentrations in µg/L)
Well Tetrachloroethene
I 200 (6/85)
2 280 (7/86)
3 10 (I 1/84)'
4 5 (11/84)"
5 100 (6/85)
6 25 (12/84)'
7 4 (3/85)
8 210 (7/86)
9 5 (12/84)°
JO NR
11 1 (1/85)'
12 NR
13 I (1/85)'
14 NR
15 14 (1/85)
16 I 00 (6/85)°
17 NR (6/85)°
18 NR (6/85)°
19 NR (6/85)°
20 NR (6/85)°
NR = No level of contamination reported.
' Last analysis.
' Only time detected.
' Analyzed once.
Sources: CDM, 1985.
ESE, 1987.
HSP\7200f5.HSP
Chloroform Carbon
tetrachloride
391,500 (3/85) 2,665 (3/85)
20,450 (3/85) 2,000 (7/86)
50 (11/84)' 30 (11/84)"
15 (10/84)' JO (10/84)'
3,600 (6/85) 160 (7/86)
45,250 (3/85) 380 (3/85)
2,532 (3/85) 608 (3/86)
2,112 (3/85) 130 (7/86)
NR (12/84)° NR (12/84)°
NR NR
31 (1/85) NR
292 (1/85) 15 (3/85)
4 (1/85)' NR
NR NR
NR NR
200 (6/85)° NR (6/85)°
NR (6/85)° NR (6/85)°
NR (6/85)° NR (6/85)°
NR (6/85)° NR (6/85)°
NR (6/85)° NR (6/85)°
Total
394,365
22,730
90
30
3,860
45,655
3,144
2,452
5
NR
32
307
5
NR
14
300
NR
NR
NR
NR
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preventative measures such as using a sunscreen lotion and wearing hats and long-sleeved shirts
should be taken,
HEAT STRESS
Heat stress is a major site hazard when field activities are performed on warm, sunny days,
and is accentuated when chemical protective clothing is worn. Heat stress prevention measures
and monitoring will be implemented if site temperatures are above 70 degrees Fahrenheit (F).
Precautions to _prevent heat stress will include work/rest cycles so that rest periods are taken
before excessive fatigue occurs, and regular intake of water to replace that lost from sweating.
Work/rest cycles will be based on monitoring the heart rate (pulse) of each individual worker.
Rest breaks will be long enough to reduce the heart rate (HR) below levels calculated according
to the following method:
I. The worker will initially determine their resting HR prior to starting work activities.
2.
3.
At the start of the first rest period, the worker will determine their HR. This initial
HR should not exceed the individual's age-adjusted maximum HR, which equals
[(0,7)(220 -age in years)]. At I minute into the rest period, the recovery HR will
be determined, The recovery HR should not exceed 110 beats per minute,
If the initial HR exceeds the age-adjusted maximum HR, or the I-minute recovery
HR is greater than 110 beats per minute, then the next work period will be
decreased by IO minutes.
Temperature monitoring will also be conducted at the end of each work period with a
clinical oral thermometer (3 minutes under the tongue). Work periods between rest breaks will
be modified by the following schedule:
I. If oral temperature exceeds 99.6 degrees F (37.6 degrees C), shorten the next work
cycle by one-third without changing the rest period.
2. If oral temperature exceeds 99.6 degrees F (37.6 degrees C) at the beginning of the
next rest cycle, shorten the following work cycle by one-third.
3. A worker whose oral temperature exceeds I 00.6 degrees F (38.1 degrees C) will not
be allowed to work in semipermeable or impermeable protective garments.
Heat stress due to water loss can be prevented. To prevent dehydration, water intake must
approximate sweat loss. Water intake guidelines are as follows:
I. The sense of thirst is not an adequate regulator of water replacement needs during
heat exposure. Therefore, water must be replaced at prescribed intervals.
a. Before work begins, drink two 8-ounce glasses of water.
BROWN AND CAllJWEU 20 HeaJJh and SafetJ Pla11 -Marci, 1993
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2.
3.
b. During each rest period, drink at least two 8-ounce glasses of water.
Plain water, served cool, is excellent. An adequate supply of potable water and
drinking cups will be readily available, in a support vehicle, to provide water during
rest periods.
Adding salt to water is not recommended. However, other fluids, in addition to
water, could include dilute fruit juices and electrolyte replacement drinks diluted 3: I
with water. Do not use salt tablets!
An initial work/rest cycle of 1 hour work and 15 minutes rest is recommended for protec-
tion of staff when the heat stress hazard is high. The recommended cycle will be adjusted up
or down based upon worker monitoring, environmental conditions, and the judgment of the SSO.
If at any time field team members recognize the signs or symptoms of heat stress prior to a
scheduled rest period, they will notify the SSO immediately in order that a rest period can be
called.
Heat stress, if not prevented, results in heat stress illnesses. Two critical illnesses, if not
recognized and treated immediately, can become life-threatening. These are heat exhaustion and
heat stroke. Heat exhaustion will result if the prevention measures described above are not
implemented. Ignoring the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion will lead to the development
of heat stroke.
Heat stroke is an immediate, life-threatening condition that results because the body's heat
regulating mechanisms shut down, and the body cannot cool itself sufficiently. As heat is
excessively stored in the body, brain damage can result causing permanent disability or death.
Heat Exhaustion: The signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion are headache; dizziness;
nausea; weakness; fainting; profuse sweating; loss of appetite; approximately normal body
temperature; dilated pupils; weak and rapid pulse; shallow and rapid breathing; possible cramps
in abdomen and extremities; possible vomiting, difficulty walking; cool and sweaty skin to the
touch; pale to ashen gray coloring.
First aid for heat exhaustion is as follows:
1. Immediately remove victim to the support area, or if you are the victim, proceed to
the support area.
2. Decontaminate, if practical, before entering support area.
3.
4.
Start cooling, but be careful not to cause a chill ( i.e., rest in shade and apply wet
towel to forehead; open up and/or remove clothing as much as practical, especially
chemical-resistant clothing).
Drink cool water slowly, but only if conscious and not in shock.
BROWN A.ND CAWWEU 21 Healll, and SafelJ Plan. March 1993
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5. If vomiting, and/or the signs and symptoms are not lessening within an hour, call
for emergency help and/or transport the victim to emergency room.
6. It is likely that a heat exhaustion victim will be unable to work for the remainder
of the day.
Heat Stroke (aka: sun stroke): The signs and symptoms of heat stroke are hot, dry skin
to the touch: reddish coloring; body temperature >105 degrees F; no sweating; mental confusion;
deep, rapid breathing that sounds like snoring progressing to shallow, weak breathing; headache;
dizziness; nausea; vomiting; weakness; dry mouth; convulsions, muscular twitching, sudden
collapse; possible unconsciousness.
First aid for heat stroke is as follows:
I. Immediately remove the victim to the support area; prior to entering the support
area, remove and dispose the victim's chemical-resistant clothing.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Cool the victim rapidly using whatever means are available, including: shade;
opening up and/or removing clothing; soaking clothing/skin with water and fanning;
placing victim in vehicle using air conditioning on maximum.
Do not give drinking water to victim.
Treat for shock, if needed.
Transport the victim to the emergency room or call for emergency help; no
exceptions for heat stroke victim.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
All staff working on-site have completed training in hazard recognition and basic health and
safety issues as required by the occupational safety and health regulations contained in Title 29
Code of Federal Regulations Part 1910.120 (29 CFR 1910.120 (e)). All site supervisor personnel
have completed the OSHA "8-hour Management/Supervisor Training" course. In addition, each
employee will be familiar with the requirements of this HSP, and will participate in daily site
activity and safety briefings.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Based upon the hazard analysis for this project, the following Personal Protective Equip-
ment (PPE) will be required and used. Changes to these specified items of PPE will not be made
without the approval of the SSO.
BROWN A.ND CAWWELL 22 HttilJh and Safety Plan · March 1993
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Soil sampling and monitor well installation and sampling activities will be conducted in
Level D Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) with upgrade to level C with respirators if condi-
tions warrant. Upgrade to level C will be determined by the level of contaminants detected with
a MiniRam aerosol monitor or a photoionization detector.
Level D PPE includes:
• Safety boots and disposable boot covers
• Hard hats
• Protective eyewear
• Tyvek coveralls
• Vinyl or latex disposable gloves
• Hearing protection (if needed around heavy equipment)
Concentration levels that require respirator upgrades due to airborne dust are based on lead
concentrations because lead has the lowest MCL of the contaminants of concern. Only
NIOSH/MSHA approved respirators will be used. Action levels for upgrades are:
.05 mg/m3 -0.5 mglm3
0.5 mg/m3 -49 mg/m3
~50 mg/m3
Respirator with dust and mist filters
Hi-efficiency particulate filter on powered air purifying
respirator
Full-facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus, or
supplied air full-facepiece
Concentration levels that require respirator upgrades for volatile organics will be based on
total volatile concentrations and measured with a PID.
ENVIRONMENT AL MONITORING PLAN
The potential hazards identified in the hazard analysis portion of this HSP determined the
need for initial and ongoing monitoring for assessment of exposure to the hazards. Work zone
monitoring during soil sampling will be accomplished with the use of a Victoreen Model 190
Radiation Survey and Count Rate Meter equipped with Model I !OD probe capable of beta and
gamma detection. The instrument must be laboratory calibrated by the manufacturer within 6
months of use, employing appropriate calibration standards:fA.:frnanufaciur§gjf4ri}i~ti?c![i:neclc sourcerwm• •. oehised'ait1east<once!ctiiir 'or>oeforeTeacti'Isrnffli;;"·~lra'fti§hlrisirumenttres· o'rt'i~. ,,, ···-~----···~··•--··--~---··--Y, .. , .. ,,, .. ,,,-d • ·-··· ,,_gi,,,., .. ,.,-li .. ,,,,·,,' .,.,, ,,., ... ,,P---"-
In addition, a photoionization detector HNU Model 10 I will be used, as well as an explosimeter.
The explosimeter will be used to monitor explosive gas/air mixtures, and the percent of
breathable air available.
Due to the intrusive nature of the soil sampling and monitor well construction, organic
vapor monitoring will also be performed using an HNU Photoionization Detector (PID). The
action level for use of full-face respirators with organic vapor cartridges is 10 ppm total organic
vapors.
BROWN AND CAWWEU 23 Heallh and Safety Pltut -March 1993
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Instruments for environmental monitoring will be calibrated prior to each day's use.
Heat stress will be monitored as described in the hazard analysis portion of this HSP.
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE REQUIREMENTS
Medical surveillance is conducted as a routine program for all project field staff which
meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.120 (f). There will not be any special medical tests or
examinations required for staff involved in this phase of the project.
SITE CONTROL MEASURES
A map of the site is included as Figure 3. Work areas including exclusion zone, decon-
tamination areas and support areas will be established on-site. These areas will be delineated
depending on the specific field activities being conducted. The exclusion zone will be marked
with yellow caution tape to allow access only to personnel with the proper personal protective
equipment.
All lunch and rest breaks will be taken away from the work areas, and preferably off-site
for lunch breaks. Any and all support areas will be upwind of the field activities.
Communication between field team members will consist of verbal communications aided
by hand-held 2-way radios and hand signals (if Level C PPE is necessary).
The nearest medical assistance is Rex Hospital. A map showing the directions to the
hospital will be posted at the site and is included as Figure I.
WORK PRACTICES
Safe work practices are part of assuring a safe and healthful working environment. These
practices are standardized for all field activities, and it is the responsibility of all project
personnel to follow safe work practices when conducting field activities.
Safe work practices to be employed during the entire progress of field work are as follows:
I. Set up, assemble, and check out all equipment for integrity and proper function
prior to starting work activities.
2. Do not use faulty or suspect equipment.
BROWN AND Cl&WWELL 24 Hea/JI• and Safd] Plan -Mareh 1993
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
II.
12.
13.
Use only new and intact protective clothing. Change the suit, gloves, etc. if they
tear.
Do not use hands to wipe sweat away from face. Use a clean towel or paper
towels.
Practice contamination avoidance at all times.
Do not smoke, eat, drink or apply cosmetics while in the contaminated areas of the
site or prior to decontamination .
Wash hands, face, and arms prior to taking rest breaks, lunch break, and leaving the
site at the end of the work day.
Check in and out with the SSO upon arrival and departure.
Perform decontamination procedures completely as required by this HSP.
Notify the SSO immediately if there is an accident that causes an injury or illness.
Use the buddy system when working in the contaminated areas of the site.
Do not approach or enter an area where oxygen deficiency or toxic or explosive
concentrations of airborne contaminants may exist without the proper personal
protective equipment and appropriate support personnel.
Use respirators correctly and as required for the work area; check the fit of the
respirator with a negative or positive pressure test; do not wear respirator with facial
hair or other conditions that prevent a face-to-facepiece seal; do not wear contact
lenses when the use of a respirator is required.
DECO NT AMINA TION
Decontamination will take place in the decontamination areas established. All workers,
PPE and sampling equipment leaving the work area will be decontaminated to prevent the spread
of hazardous materials. Support vehicles are to be left outside the work area so that
decontamination will not be necessary. There are no special emergency decontamination
procedures anticipated for this project.
Personnel decontamination will be conducted at the point of egress from the exclusion zone.
The decontamination line will begin with a soap and water rinse for outer boots and gloves.
Following boot and glove decontamination, a garbage bag lined trash can will be set up for
disposable gloves, boot covers and tyvek. Respirators will be removed after removal of
disposable protective clothing. Between wearing during each work period, the respirators will
BROWN AND CAWWEU 25 Heahh and Safety Plan• Marci, 1993
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be wiped clean with a damp cloth and alcohol swab. Following each days use, the respirators
will be disassembled, washed, reassembled, inspected and fitted with new respirator cartridges.
Sampling equipment will be decontaminated using the following procedures:
1. Rinse with tap water to remove any gross contamination, using a scrub brush if
necessary.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Clean with an Alconox and deionized water solution.
Rinse with 10 percent nitric acid.
Triple rinse with deionized water.
Spray with a solution containing 20 percent isopropyl alcohol and 80 percent
deionized water and allowed to air dry.
Sampling and drilling equipment will be steam cleaned prior to its initial use and between
each sampling location. Excavation equipment will be decontaminated prior to egress from the
work zone. Decontamination will consist of steam cleaning or pressure washing with potable
water containing detergent (Liquinox), followed by a potable water rinse. If needed, difficult to
remove soil will be scraped away prior to steam cleaning .
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
In the event of an emergency on-site, the SSO will direct the course of action. It may be
necessary for the SSO to depend upon the other on-site personnel for assistance. The SSO will
call for emergency assistance if needed. As soon as practical, the SSO will contact the PM and
the HSO. All staff assigned to this project will be briefed on the procedures and responsibilities
for implementation. A map showing the location and route to the hospital is included as Figure
5, and directions to the hospital are listed as follows:
On the site map, the Lot 86 site and the hospital are both highlighted
with an arrow and black dot. Access to the hospital may be gained by
leaving site 86 (via marked entrance/exit roads) and heading south to
Old Trinity Road. After reaching Old Trinity Road, turn east (left)
and travel to the intersection of OT and Blue Ridge Road. Turn north
(left) and travel approximately 1.2 miles to the intersection of Blue
Ridge and Lake Boone Trail. Rex Hospital will be on the northeast
corner of this intersection.
The SSO is trained in first aid and CPR. A first aid kit and fire extinguisher will be
located in the support vehicle and decontamjnation area. During drilling activities, the emergency
shut-off switch for the drill rig will be identified, and all field personnel working in the area will
be informed of its location and function during the site safety briefing. During field activities,
BROWN AND CAWWEU 26 Health and Safety Plan· MarcJ, 1993
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a mobile phone will be available within the designated support area of the site. A cellulat
telephone will be on-site at all times in the support vehicle. The emergency telephone numbers
to be used to call for a~sistance ate listed in the section on Key Personnel and Responsibilities
with the reference list of project contacts. These lists will be posted by the telephone in the
construction trailer during all construction activities.
DOCUMENTATION
The implementation of the HSP must be documented to assure employee participation and
protection. In addition, the regulatory requirements must be met for record keeping on training,
medical surveillance, injuries and illnesses, exposure monitoring, health risk information, and
respirator fit-tests. Documentation of the implementation of this plan will be maintained in the
project file and copies will be maintained on-site. Documentation forms ate included as
attachments A through E in this plan.
HSP\7200HSP
BROWN A.ND CAWWEIL 27 Health and Sa/et, Plan -Marci, 1993
•
North Carolina State University
Business Division
Office of Finance and Business
ENVIRONMENT AL HEAL TH AND SAFETY CENTER
Campus Box 8007
NOTE
To: David Mattison
•
Subject: Lot 86 -EPA Comments on Groundwater Design and NCDENR NPDES Letter
Date: July 20, 2000
Notes & Information
David:
Enclosed are the EPA comments on the Lot 86 groundwater design received form EPA on July 5, and the
NCDENR NPDES denial of the discharge permit application.
We will begin preparation of the POTW permit submittal to the city immediately.
From: Duane Knudson ~ K
Environmental Affairs Manager
(919) 5 I 5-6859
[phone] fax
duane _ [e-mail]