NCD003200383_19990801_Koppers Co. Inc._FRBCERCLA RA_Proposed Remedial Action Groundwater Monitoring Program-OCR

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Th~rmoRetec
Smart Solutions. Positive Outcomes.
Proposed Remedial Action
Groundwater Monitoring Program
Former Koppers Company, Inc. Superfund
Site, Morrisville, North Carolina
Prepared by:
ThermoRetec Consulting Corporation
9 Damonmill Square, Suite 3A
Concord, Massachusetts 01742
ThermoRetec Project No.: 4-3624
Prepared for:
Beazer East, Inc.
One Oxford Centre, Suite 3000
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
August 1999
RECEIVEn
AUG 111999
SUPERFUND SECTION
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Proposed Remedial Action
Groundwater Monitoring Program
Former Koppers Company, Inc. Superfund
Site, Morrisville, North Carolina
Prepared by:
ThermoRetec Consulting Corporation
9 Damon Mill Square, Suite 3A
Concord, MA 01742
ThermoRetec Project No.: 4-3624
Prepared for:
Beazer East, Inc.
One Oxford Centre, Suite 3000
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Prepared by:
~a" Mc KJ,b Gra Kelmar, ProJect Manager
August 1999
G:IBEAZERIRALEIGH\1999\gw_mon_plan.wpd
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Table of Contents
l Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
2 Previous Analytical Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
3 Groundwater Monitoring Program .................................. 3-1
List of Tables
Table 2-1 Summary of Historical Groundwater Quality Data for Constituent of
Interest, First Quarter 1990 through First Quarter 1998
Table 2-2 PCDD/PCDF Analytical Results and Toxicity Equivalence Concentrations,
January 1998
List of Figures
Figure 2-1
Figure 2-2
Figure 2-3
Groundwater Elevation Contours Shallow Wells, January 21, 1998
Groundwater Elevation Contours Intermediate/Deep Wells, October 21,
1998
Monitoring Well Locations
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1 Introduction
Beazer East, Inc. (Beazer) has been operating a groundwater extraction and
treatment system at this former wood treating facility since February 1997. The
site, located approximately one mile north of Morrisville, North Carolina, was
purchased by Koppers Company, Inc. in 1962 and ceased operations in
September 1986. The Koppers Company was acquired by Beazer in 1988.
During plant operation, two types of wood treatment activities were conducted,
a lamination process and a wood preserving process called CELLON. The
CELLON process used from approximately 1968 to 197 5 consisted of press-
injecting pentachlorophenol in a liquified butane isopropyl ether solution into the
wood. Excess pentachlorophenol salt was removed by steaming the wood. The
wash solution from the steaming process was filtered to recover
pentachlorophenol, then the solution was discharged into a fire pond on the site.
The site was placed on the National Priorities List (NPL) by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) in March of 1989. Remedial Action activities
conducted at the site include: soil removal and off-site incineration; surface water
treatment and discharge; and groundwater extraction, treatment, and discharge
under authorization by the State of North Carolina. As noted in the Record of
Decision (ROD), the groundwater treatment system is to continue to operate
until the following cleanup standards are achieved: 30 pg.IL for dioxins/furans, I
µg!L for pentachlorophenol and 20 µg.lL for 2,4-dichlorophenol.
During the first year of full-scale groundwater extraction and treatment
operations, groundwater was monitored on a quarterly basis in accordance with
the Baseline Groundwater Data Summary Report (Fluor Daniel GT!, September
1996). The results of these monitoring activities were reported in the Six-Month
Groundwater Remedial Action Monitoring Report (Fluor Daniel GTI, November
1997 and One-Year Groundwater Remedial Action Monitoring Report (Fluor
Daniel GTI, June 1998). The Proposed Groundwater Monitoring Program
presents a summary of the analytical findings reported in these two documents
and a proposed groundwater monitoring plan to evaluate the continuing
performance of the groundwater remediation system at the site.
Introduction I -I
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2Previous Analytical Findings
AB reported in the Six-Month and One-Year Groundwater Remedial Action
Monitoring Reports (Fluor Daniel GTI, November, 1997 and June 1998),
groundwater elevation data were collected during all four quarter's monitoring
activities from on-site and near off-site monitoring wells. This information was
used to develop potentiometric maps to assess the hydraulic influence of
groundwater pumping at well PW-I for the shallow and bedrock monitoring
intervals. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 present the results for the most recent monitoring
event for the shallow and intermediate/deep monitoring wells. Figure 2-1 for the
shallow monitoring interval indicates the continued presence of a potentiometric
high in the north central-area of the site and an elongated area of depression
originating from this potentiometric high area to the west of pumping well PW-I
that extends to the northwest.
Groundwater samples were collected from fifteen monitoring wells (shown in
Figure 2-3) and the groundwater pumping well PW-0 I during the January 1998
monitoring event and were analyzed for pentachlorophenol and 2,4-
dichlorophenol by EPA Method 8270B, using ion trap technology. This
analytical method provides a detection limit of l µ'i!JL for pentachlorophenol and
0.2 µ'i!JL for 2,4-dichlorophenol. Three of the fifteen samples were also analyzed•
for dioxins and furans (PCDD/PCDF) using EPA Method 8290. These samples
for dioxins and furans were collected from the three wells where
pentachlorophenol concentrations exceeded the cleanup standard of I µefL during
both· the Baseline and Six-Month monitoring events.
A summary of historical pentachlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol groundwater
data collected from the site since 1990 is presented in Table 2-1. This data
includes the results from the July 1997 and January 1998 sampling events
conducted after the initiation of full-scale groundwater extraction operations. As
shown in Table 2-1, the following wells were found to have concentrations of
pentachlorophenol and 2-4-dichlorophenol which meet the specified cleanup
standards during the last two sampling events (at a minimum}:
• C-01B
• C-09B
• C-l0A
• C-12A
• C-13B
• C-14A
• C-15B
Previous Ana!J,tical Findings 2-1
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Proposed Remedial Action Groundwater Monitoring Program
• C-27A
• C-27B
• C-28A
Additionally, monitoring well C-l 4B has reported 2,4-dichlorophenol
concentrations which meet the required cleanup standards for the last two
sampling events.
Analytical results for the dioxin/furan analyses are reported in Table 2-2. The
laboratory results for each PCDD/PCDF congener are multiplied by the Toxicity
Equivalent Factor (TEF) relative to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. The TEC values are summed
and compared to the cleanup standard of 30 pg/L for 2,3,7,8-TCDD. All samples
were less than this cleanup standard. See the One-Year Groundwater Remedial
Action Monitoring Report (Fluor Daniel GTI, June 1998) for a full discussion of
the sampling and analytical results for the January 1998 sampling event.
Previous Analytical Findings 2-2
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3 Groundwater Monitoring Program
The first year performance verification program demonstrated that concentrations
of PCDD/PCDF are below the groundwater cleanup standards specified in the
ROD in all wells. With the exception of wells C-l0B, C-1 lB, C-14B, C-29B, and
M-04 (where insufficient water was present to sample during the January 1998
sampling event), the groundwater cleanup standards for pentachlorophenol and
2,4-dichlorophenol have been achieved also. As discussed during the July 29,
1999 site meeting between representatives of the USEPA, North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR), and Beazer, the
next step of the groundwater monitoring program will focus on demonstrating
that the cleanup standards have been met in the site monitoring wells through a
program of continued sampling and analysis.
The proposed groundwater monitoring program begins with a one time round of
groundwater sampling and analysis for pentachlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol
in the site wells shown in Figure 2-3. The results from this sampling and analysis
event will be used to establish current groundwater conditions at the site and will
be used in conjunction with the results of the January 1998 sampling event to
determine which wells have been demonstrated to meet the specified groundwater
cleanup standards. Wells that meet the cleanup standards in both of these
monitoring events, will be placed onto an annual monitoring schedule.
Following the initial sampling event, quarterly sampling of all wells with reported
results above the specified cleanup levels will continue until four consecutive
sampling events indicate that the concentrations of pentachlorophenol and 2 ,4-
dichlorophenol meet the specified cleanup levels. As the cleanup goals are
demonstrated in a well by the four consecutive analytical findings at or below the
specified cleanup goals, that well will go to the annual sampling program.
Because dioxins and furans are impurities of pentachlorophenol, there is the
potential for PCDD/PCDF to be found where pentachlorophenol is detected. For
this monitoring program, wells that have concentrations of pentachlorophenol
at or above the specified cleanup level during any sampling event will be sampled
and analyzed for PCDD/PCDF during the next quarterly sampling event. Wells
that have detectable concentrations of pentachlorophenol in more than one
quarter per calendar year will be sampled and analyzed for PCDD/PCDF semi-
annually.
When the findings for all wells meet the specified cleanup goals, a request will
be submitted to shut down the extraction system and a long-term monitoring
Groundwater Monitoring Program 3-1
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Proposed Remedial Action Groundwater Monitoring Program
system will be developed to monitor groundwater quality at the site. Thirty days
following notification of the proposed system modification, the system will be
shut down and the long-term monitoring system will continue until the next five
year review period.
During the quarterly sampling events, water level elevations will be taken at all
wells at the site during each sampling event to continue to observe hydraulic
conditions. All sampling activities will be conducted according to the Field
Sampling and Analysis Plan developed in June 1993 as part of the Remedial
Design.
Groundwater Monitoring Program 3-2
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Table 2-1
Summary of Historical Groundwater Quality Data for Constituents of Interest
First Quarter 1990 through First Quarter l 998
Fonner Koppers Superfund Site
Morrisville, North Carolina
Well Sampling Event Pentachlorophenol 2,4-Dichlorophenol
(µg/L) (µg/L)
C-018 Jul-90 4U 35.8
C-018 Oct-90 7.77 J 9.24 J
C-018 Oct-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-018 Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-018 Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-098 Jul-90 1 U 0.731 U
C-098 Oct-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-098 Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-098 Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-098 Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-10A Jun-90 3.82 0.5 U
C-10A Oct-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-10A Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-10A Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-10A Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-108 Oct-90 113 21.8
C-108 Jan-92 23.9 312
C-108 Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-108 Mar-96 2J 0.2 U
C-108 Jul-97 11 1
C-108 Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-118 Jul-90 9.8 0.5 U
C-118 Oct-90 12.6 0.5
C-118 Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-118 Mar-96 29 0.2 U
C-11 B Dup. Mar-96 26 0.2 U
C-118 Jul-97 1 U 1
C-118 Jan-98 2 0.2 U
C-118 Duo. Jan-98 1 0.2 U
• Reproduced from Fluor Daniel GTI (June 1998)
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Table 2-1
Summary of Historical Groundwater Quality Data for Constituents of Interest
First Quarter 1990 through First Quarter 1998
Former Koppers Superfund Site
Morrisville, North Carolina
Well Sampling Event Pentachlorophenol 2,4-Dichlorophenol
(µg/L) (µg/L)
C-12A Jun-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-12A Oct-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-12A Oct-93 10.0 UJ 10.0 UJ
C-12A Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-12A Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-138 Jun-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-138 Oct-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-138 Jan-92 1 U 0.2 U
C-138 Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-138 Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-138 Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-14A Jun-90 889 0.5 U
C-14A Oct-90 2010 0.5 U
C-14A Nov-93 1600 10.0 U
C-14A Mar-96 3500 0.2 J
C-14A Jul-97 0.08 U 0.2 U
C-14A Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-148 Jun-90 499 0.5 U
C-148 Oct-90 124 0.5 U
C-148 Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-148 Mar-96 19 0.2 U
C-148 Jul-97 14 0.2 U
C-148 1an-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-158 Jul-90 1.60 0.5 U
C-158 Oct-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-158 Jan-92 0.5 U 0.5 U
C-158 Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-158 Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-158 Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
* Reproduced from Fluor Daniel GTI (June 1998)
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Table 2-1
Summary of Historical Groundwater Quality Data for Constituents of Interest
First Quarter 1990 through First Quarter 1 998
Former Koppers Superfund Site
Morrisville, North Carolina
Well Sampling Event Pentachlorophenol 2,4-Dichlorophenol
(µg/L) (µg/L)
C-27A Ma:1-90 1 UJ 0.5 UJ
C-27A Oc:-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-27A Jari-92 48.4 J 0.5 U
C-27A Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-27A Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-27A Jan-98 1 U 0.? U
C-27B Jun-90 4.23 0.5 U
C-27B Oct-90 4.18 U 0.5 U
C-27B Nov-93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-27B Mar-96 2J 0.2 UJ
C-27B Jul-97 1 U 0.2 U
C-27B Dup. Jul-97 1 U 0.2 U
C-27B Jan .. 98 1 U 0.2 U
C-28A May-90 1 U 0.5 U
C-28A Oct-90 26 0.5 U
C-28A Nov .. 93 10.0 U 10.0 U
C-28A Mar-96 1 U 0.2 U
C-28A Jan-98 1 U 0.2 U
C-29B Jul-!l0 591 0.5 U
C-29B Oct-90 968 0.5 U
C-29B Nov-93 17 10.0 U
C-29B Mar-96 1 U 0.3
C-29B Jan-!l8 170 0.2 U
M-04 Jul-110 99.2 0.5 U
M-04 Ocl-!l0 69.1 0.5 U
M-04 Mar-!l6 10 0.2 U
M-04 Ju1-s,7 0.08 U 0.2 U
M-04 Jan-!18 NS NS
• Reproduced from Fluor Daniel GT! (June 1998)
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Table 2-1
Summary of Historical Groundwater Quality Data for Constituents of Interest
First Quarter 1990 through First Quarter 1998
Former Koppers Superfund Site
Morrisville, North Carolina
Well Sampling Event Pentachlorophenol
(µg/L)
PW-01 Oct-93 120
PW-01 Dup. Oct-93 159
PW-01 Mar-96 29
PW-01 Jul-97 91
PW-01 Jan-98 6
Notes:
I NS indicates that the well was not sampled.
2 U indicates that the compound was analyzed for by not detected.
3 J indicates an estimated value.
• Reproduced from Fluor Daniel GTI (June 1998)
F,\PROJECTS\4-3624\GW _MON\TAB2-l .WPD
2,4-Dichlorophenol
(µg/L)
10.0 U
10.0 U
0.4
0.2 U
0.2 U
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Table 2-2
PCDD/PCDF Analytical Results and Toxicity Equivalence Concentrations
January 1998
Compound (pg/L) TEF
DIOXIN
2.3,7,B-TCDD 1
1,2,3,7,8-PeCOO 0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCOD 0.1
1,2.3,6,7,6-HxCDD 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDO 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDO 0.01
OCDO 0.001
TotalTCOOs
To1al PECDDs
Total HxCOOs
Total HpCOOs
FURANS
2,3,7,8•.TCDF 0.1
1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.05
2,3,4,7,B-PeCOF 0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCOF 0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCOF 0.1
1,2,3,4,8, 7 ,8-HpCDF 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.01
OCDF 0.001
Total TCOFs
Total PeCOFs
Total HxCOFs
Total HpCOFs
Total TEC (pg/L)
Notes:
Former Koppers Superfund Site
Morrisville, North Carolina
C10B C-11B
Result TEC Result TEC
1.3 U ND 0.88 U ND
1.4U ND 0.54 U ND
2.6 0.26 1.3 U ND
7.6 0.78 1.2 U NO
4.1 0.41 1.1 U ND
190 1.9 8.9 0.0089
2500 2.5 76 0.078
1.4 U 0.66 U
1.4 U -0.54 U
42 1.3 U
330 -14 -
0.60 U NO 0.38 U ND
1.2 U ND 0.55 U NO
1.1 U NO 0.47 U NO
1.6 U ND 0.79 U NO
1.4 U NO 0.89 U NO
1.6 U ND 26 2.6
1.1 U NO 0.88 U NO
57 0.57 3.5 0.035
2.4 0.024 0.25 U ND
150 0.15 9.0 0.009
0.65 U 0.38 U
4.7 -0.55 U
37 26
150 -8.2
6.6 2.6
C118 Oup.
Raault TEC
1.2 U ND
0.47 U NO
1.7U ND
1.6 U ND
1.5 U ND
12 0.12
120 0.12
1.2 U
0.47 U
1.7 U
19 -
0.34 U ND
0.51 U NO
0.39 U NO
0.62 U ND
0.69 U NO
0.67 U ND
0.69U ND
•. 5 0.045
0.62 U ND
14 0.014
0.3-4 U
0.51 U
1.1 -
11 -
0.3
PCDD/PCDF groundwater data from resampling event on February 11, 1998
TEF -Toxicity equivalence factor (I TEF/89 EPA, March 1989)
TEC -Toxicity equivalence concentration (relative to 2,3,7,8-TCDD)
ND -Not Detected
U -Compound was analyzed for by not detected
• Reproduced from Fluor Daniel GT! (June 1998)
PW01
Result
1.2 U
0.54 U
0.77 U
0,70 U
0.66 U
1.9
14 U
1.2U
0.54 U
0.77 U
1.9
0,39 U
1.0U
0.83 U
0.27 U
0.30 U
0,29 U
0.29 U
0.53 U
0.50 U
2.0
0.39 U
1.1 U
0.03 U
0.53 U
TEC
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
0.019
0.014
-
ND
ND
NO
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
NO
0.002
-
-
-
-
0.035
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