NCD003200383_19900101_Koppers Co. Inc._FRBCERCLA RI_RI-FS Field Sampling Plan-OCR

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I DCC#R448
.. r1' '
FIELD SAMPLING PLAN (FSP)
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION AND
FEASIBILI1Y STUDY
AT
MORRISVILLE, NC SITE
Prepared for:
BEAZER MATERIALS AND SERVICES, INC.
PITTSBURGH, PA 15219
Prepared by:
KEYSTONE ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, INC.
3000 TECH CENTER DRNE
MONROEVILLE, PA 15146
PROJECT NO. 179225-04
JANUARY 1990
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2.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SITE BACKGROUND AND SETTING .......................................................... 1-1
1.1
1.2
Site Location, Geology and History ......................................................... 1-1
Interim Corrective Measures ................................................................. 1-10
SAMPLING OBJECTIVES ................................................................................. 2-l
3.0 SAMPLE LOCATIONS AND FREQUENCY ................................................. 3-1
4.0
5.0
6.0
DCC#R448
3.1 Surface Water Characterization .............................................................. 3-1
3.2 Soil and Sediment Sampling ..................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Groundwater Monitoring Wells ............................................................... 3-6
SAMPLE DESIGNATION .................................................................................. 4-1
SAMPLING EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES ........................................ 5-1
5.1 Surface Water Sampling ........................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Sample/Location Selection ........................................................... 5-1
5.1.2 Stream Sampling ............................................................................ 5-1
5.2 Pond Sampling ............................................................................................ 5-2
5.3 FlowMeasuring .......................................................................................... 5-3
5.4 · Sediment Sampling .................................................................................... 5-6
5.5 Soil Sampling .............................................................................................. 5-7
5.6 Groundwater Sampling ............................................................................. 5-8
5.6.1 Sample Bottle Preparation ........................................................... 5-8
5.6.2 Equipment Preparation Procedures ......................................... 5-11
5.6.3 Water Level Measurement ........................................................ 5-12
5.6.4 Well Purging ................................................................................. 5-14
5.6.4.1 Purging and Sampling Methods ................................... 5-15
5.7 Sample Filtration ...................................................................................... 5-20
5.8 Safety Precautions .................................................................................... 5-21
5.9 Documentation ......................................................................................... 5-21
SAMPLE HANDLING AND ANALYSIS ........................................................ 6-1
6.1 Parameters of Interest and Sample Container Requirements ............ 6-1
6.2 Sample Handling ........................................................................................ 6-l
6.3 Chain of Custody and Shipment of Samples .......................................... 6-1
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I LIST OF TABLES
I Page
1-1 Yield of Wells in Triassic Rocks According to Depth 1-2a
1-2 Estimated Yields of On-site Wells 1-3a
I 1-3 Groundwater Elevations 1-5a
1-3a Summary of Groundwater Analysis Results
September 1986 1-9b
I 3-1 Surface Water Sample Analysis Summary 3-2a
3A-1 TCL and T AL Parameters and Detection Limits 3-2d
3-2 Soil Sample Analysis 3-3a
3-3A Sediment Sample Analysis Summary Fire Pond/
I Medlin Pond 3-5a
3-3b Sediment Sample Analysis Summa* Drainage ways 3-6a
3-4 Monitoring Well Construction and ationale 3-6d
I 3-5 Groundwater Sample Analysis 3-lla
5-1 Order of Volatilization 5-16a
6-la Sample Container Cleaning Procedures and
I Preservation 6-la
6-lb Holding Times 6-lb
I LIST OF FIGURES
I 1-1 Location Ma}.f 1-la
1-2 General Site ap 1-lb
1-3 Monitoring Well Locations 1-3b
1-4 Bore Hole Locations 1-3c
I 1-5 Geol~c Cross Section A-A' 1-3d
1-lA Plan ap Showin{;urface Water Divides 1-4a
1-6 Topographic Site ap 1-4b
I I 1-6a Groundwater Contours in the M-Series Wells 1-4c
1-6b Groundwater Contours in the W-Series Wells 1-4d
1-7 Area of Soil Removal 1-9a
I 3-1 Proposed Surface Water and Sediment Sampling Locations 3-la
3-2 Proposed Soil Borings 3-2i
3-3 Proposed Boring Plan Map Former Cellon Treatment
and Lagoon Area 3-3c
I 3-4 Proposed Borinl!:1:n Map Land Farm Area 3-3d
3-5a Proposed Well tion MaJ' 3-6b
3-5b Proposed Off-site Deei We Locations 3-6c
I 3-6a Proposed Monitoring ell Sampling Network 3-llb
3-6b Proposed Off-site Groundwater Sampling Locations 3-llc
4-1 Areas of Investigation 4-la
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1.0 SITE BACKGROUND AND SEITING
1.1 Site Location, Geology and History
Site Location
The site is located approximately one mile northwest of the Town of Morrisville,
North Carolina in Cedar Fork Township, Wake County. It is located on Koppers
Road, southwest of North Carolina Route 54. The site is bounded by Church Street
on the southwest and the Southern Railway on the east. A portion of the site along
Koppers Road and Church Street is wooded and not developed.
The site location shows evidence of urban sprawl due to its proximity to Research
Triangle Park. Residential areas, light industry and small businesses have developed
around the site.
Site Plan
Figure 1-1 is a site location map of the area, reproduced from a portion of the USGS
7.5 minute topographic quadrangle map for Cary, NC. The site coordinates are
latitude 35° 50' 49" and longitude 78° 50' 19". Figure 1-2 is a general site map
depicting the layout of plant facilities and property boundaries.
The site encompasses approximately 52 acres. Approximately 50 acres of the site
were purchased from Unit Structures, Inc. in 1962, by Koppers Company, Inc. Two
more acres were subsequently purchased from Artie R. Gray in July, 1971. In
September of 1986, Unit Structures, Inc., a company unconnected with the previous
Unit Structures, purchased the property and the business from Koppers, with the
exception of approximately 10.5 acres located in the southeast section. After
purchase in June of 1988, Koppers Company, Inc. changed its name to Beazer
Materials & Services, Inc.
The topography of the area is characterized by nearly flat bottomlands to gently
sloping uplands, typical of the Piedmont physiographic province. Surface drainage
appears to be south to southeasterly toward Crabtree Creek, which in turn flows into
the Neuse River. Soils consist of silty clays, and clayey silts derived from claystone,
DCC#448 1-1
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' : :: ~?4~ :\_,·
1• • 2000'
~
_:...>-,
'I' I' .
: :': j . ·-'i-, ~-'; ---. . -'. .,,,,; ~ ..
•\,, "" ' .. ,,I ,. I ,
',\ ~ ,_·
FIGURE 1-1
Location Map
Raleigh/Morrisville
1 -1 a
Proa: o.s.G.S. 7,5 Minute
Topoc;raphic Map,Cary M.C.,
1973, Photo revised 1987
= ... a z
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,,
" '\
FORMER LAND FARM AREA
TWO ACRES
AQUIRED IN
1971
UNIT
STRUCTURES PROPERTY LINE
0-n
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-0,'<-<:j
'?,,i-.S
'?>"
<.. ... ,
'<,'<-
"''(,s () ,._c '-~PO,
FORM ~
LAGO
ARE
APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SEPTIC TANK
Yi~ W~REH-,,._.,,..,~ //. _ ~~~~~ ~ ; ~\
• TREAT, ~ QYY , EA /; , '
I I -~ , -' j' • \ ~ <) ' "-, ....___ I"' ' ,,
1
O , _,, , v
/ I';:';,,,, \ '\ /~ < ,, I ,' , _,,,' . ' / / / _, \ ,,_---
) -~ r\ I -' -' -, V°" 'V / -.• / ' "\j
\ \ ~', I , _::; ~ -, \ 0\ ~-/ _,,, '\~ ,, ) ,, ' ' ' ';,' '1, --, ' ., .
,, ' ' ,-" 0 ' ,..-. • ' , \ ( , -' ', 0
\ 1,_-j I_,,,-\ --_,r, --"·-' 1. ' \'10
;;.--, \ \\ \ \ _, / / / -✓ / \ , , ;I 1, '--' •/ ce,n ,
D
~,o•~ S ')~ ,-(',~=--\ '" ~ '
I/ \\ / / '-/ ........ ;; _-::. I /
I ~' -' ' ''I / I I \ --_, '\ \ / ' • ,, . • ·-' " "''"'°" / \\ AREA
Cl
POND
0
0
'\ y, ,occrn ;¼
1, 0,,
\ 1 CHURCH STREET -------,,
~ PROPERTY 0/t'NED B Y BMS
~ TNO ACRES AllUIRED IN 1971 100
SCALE (FEET]
0 100 200 300
FISURE 1-2
GENERAL SITE MAP
RALEIGH/MORRISVILLE,
1 -1 b
A 5057
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shale, and siltstone. Colors of the soils range from browns to tan-reds to purple.
Geologically, the site is located in the Piedmont plateau of North Carolina, with rock
types classified as Triassic age sedimentary rocks.
Climatology
The average annual temperature is 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit as measured by the
weather station at the Raleigh-Durham Airport. Average annual rainfall is 43.6
inches, with most precipitation occurring during July, August, and September with
the least occurring during October, November, and December.
Regional Geology and Hydrogeology
The study area is completely located within the confines of the Piedmont
physiographic province. This province is characterized by low relief and gently
undulating topography. Major stream valleys are broad and flat and smaller streams
have narrow v-shaped valleys.
The area is geologically complex due to orogenic activities which brought to the
surface igneous rock (granite, gneiss, and schist) in the eastern part of Wake County,
and left a small western portion of the county as Triassic age sedimentary rock.
Igneous intrusions ( diabase dikes) and faulting further complicate the geology.
Surface drainage is predominantly to the Neuse River by a number of tributaries. A
small southwestern section of the county drains by way of tributaries to the Cape
Fear Drainage Basin.
Under normal conditions, regional groundwater flows are in the same general
direction as surface drainage. Large groundwater withdrawals via pumping of
private wells may cause localized reversals in groundwater flow directions. The
construction of private wells provide communication between different aquifers and
may also alter groundwater flow directions. Most homes have drilled wells for
groundwater withdrawal. Supplies are usually adequate for domestic needs with a
few wells exhibiting exceptional yield. High yields are probably due to secondary
features such as fractures and joints which enhance the permeability of formations
that would otherwise produce small quantities of water and result in higher than
DCC#448 1-2
I
I TABLE 1-1
I YIELD OF WELLS IN TRIASSIC ROCKS ACCORDING TO DEPTH
(AFTER MAY & THOMAS 1968)
I Percent of
Range in Number Average Yield (1mm} wells
depth of depth Per foot yielding 1 gpm
I (feet) wells (feet) Range Average of well or less
I 0-100 25 81 0-25 9 0.11 12
101-150 25 124 0-25 7 .06 12
I 151-200 16 178 .5-15 4 .02 25
201-250 10 221 0-12 4 .02 30
I 251-300 5 280 .5-5 4 .01 33
Greater
I than 300 3 419 .5-7 4 .01 33
All wells 84 153 0-25 6 .04 18
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DCC#448 l-2a
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average well yield. Table 1-1 presents a summary of the yields of wells in Triassic
rocks in the Raleigh Area according to depth. As can be seen in Table 1-1, the yield
of wells in Triassic Rocks decreases with depth. Table 1-2 provides estimated yields
of on-site wells based on observations made during drilling of the wells. With the
exception of Well W-10, yields of on-site monitoring wells were estimated to be no
greater than one gallon per minute. Well W-10 produced an estimated 30 gallons
per minute indicating the presence of fractured bedrock at this location.
Site Geolo&Y and Hydroeeolo&Y
Site-specific geologic and hydrogeologic data was developed through several
investigations conducted previously. In brief, these investigations resulted in the
installation of seven air rotary drilled monitoring wells (W-9 through W-15), twelve
shallow monitoring well installations (M-1 through M-12), and fifteen soil borings (B-
l through B-15). Existing monitoring wells and soil boring locations are shown on
Figures 1-3 and 1-4, respectively. Wells W-1 through W-8 shown on Figure 1-3 are
plant supply wells. Available information indicates that these wells were installed
prior to the end of 1972. Well W-9 is not shown on Figure 1-3. A building was
constructed over top of this well, thus it is no longer accessible. Logs of wells and
borings drilled during the 1986 hydrogeologic investigation and geophysical logs run
in the plant supply wells are contained in Appendix D of the November, 1989 EPA
Region IV approved Final RI/FS Work Plan for the Morrisville, NC site. In addition,
off-site domestic well sampling and on-site groundwater analyses have been
performed. A well survey within a mile radius has also been conducted at the site.
A thin veneer of soil and weathered parent rock overlies bedrock at the site. Soil is
generally clayey silt and silty clay, with traces of fine sand, gravel and bedrock
fragments. Colors range from browns and red-browns to red, purple, and grey and
reflect the color of the bedrock. Soil and weathered rock is usually not thicker than
25 feet. Bedrock is composed of Triassic age sediments which have been lithified
into thin bands of red shale, red siltstone, and red sandstone. These laminations
range in thickness from inches to a few feet. Locally, the structure of the rock trends
north northeast to south southwest and rock dips to the east southeast at about 10 to
15 degrees. Shallow site stratigraphy is shown on geologic cross section A-A,, Figure
1-5.
DCC#448 1-3
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11 DCC#448
TABLE 1-2
ESTIMATED YIELDS OF ON-SITE WELLS
BEAZER MATERIALS & SERVICES, INC.
FORMER MORRISVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA SITE
JULY 1980
Well No. Depth Yield
W-9 64 ft <1 gpm
W-10 55 ft 30 gpm
W-11 57 ft 1 gpm
W-12 62 ft <1 gpm
W-13 55 ft <1 gpm
W-14 53 ft <1 gpm
W-15 50 ft 1 gpm
l-3a
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NOTE:
On
0 ,,
\ I ,,
LESENO
+ -MONITORING WELL LOCATION 100
--
.....
,..>
SCALE (FEET)
0 100 200
------
300
,. ,.
CJ
CEMETERY ~ ~ \~~
W-4
FI8URE 1-3
MONITORI/'G '" WELL
RALEI LOCATIONS
No!%MORRISVILLE,
CAROLINA
Ai 5058
1-3b
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o" \\
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'\ LEBENO
.& -BORING LOCATION
/ I -llJ
I r::, ~t a I \ 1
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-
SCALE (FEET)
100 0 !00 200
------
300
0
FISURE 1-4
BORE HOLE
1-3c
A10!:i059
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-...J en
X
385
380
375
370
A
M-10
37B.94
T
SILT AND CLAY
w > 0
ID <(
NEA THERED SIL TS TONE
1-w w
ll... -
z 0
H
I-
<( > w
...J w
NOTES
365
360
355
350
345
340
M-10 -NELL DESIGNATION
378. 94 -ELEVATION
~ -NELL SCREEN
THIS CROSS SECTION DEPICTS SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
AT LOCATIONS SHOWN BASED ON SITE INVESTIGATIONS.
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS MAY DIFFER
FROM CONDITIONS OCCURRING AT THESE SITES.
M-7
374.25 M-S
NEATHERED
SILTSTONE
372.5B
HORIZONTAL SCALE
(FEET)
c::::111111 ·-o-· · 200
M-5
370. 02 M-4
36B. 74
T
20X VERTICAL EXAGGERATION
M-3
366.39
T
M-2
371.49
T
A'
385
380
375
370
365
-...J en
X
w > 0
ID
<(
SIL T AND CLAY
NEATHERED
SILTSTONE
360
355
350
345
340
STONE
ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES. INC.
1-w w ll... -
z
0
H
I-
<( > w
...J w
FIGURE 1-5
GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION A-A'
RALEIGH, NC
B51255
1-3d
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The facility is situated on a regional surface water divide. On a much smaller scale,
' the plant appears situated over at least four local surface water divides. Under most
conditions, the water table represents a subdued reflection of surface topography
and, therefore, shallow groundwater flow should move away from these divides
toward local discharge zones such as streams, ponds, and marshes.
The water table was encountered in most drilled wells and borings at depths less than
30 feet. Groundwater elevations through the site range from a low of about 340 feet
mean sea level at W-14 to over 365 feet at M-9. Figure 1-lA is a portion of a USGS
topographic map of the site vicinity showing the regional surface water divides. A
site topographic map showing localized surface water divides is presented as Figure
1-6. In general, estimated groundwater flow directions in the shallow water-bearing
zone can be approximated by examination of the topographic contours. Based on
this data, local shallow groundwater flows are anticipated to be in the directions
shown on Figure 1-6.
Figure 1-6A is a groundwater contour map constructed from groundwater elevation
data collected from the twelve shallow monitoring wells (M-1 through M-12) in
January, 1987. Shallow groundwater flow directions, interpreted from the
groundwater contour map, agree with those estimated from topographic data
collected on this date and reveal the presence of a groundwater mound, possibly due
to recharge from the fire pond, in the vicinity of the former wood treating area and
well M-9. Groundwater flow away from the mounded area is influenced by a steep
gradient to the south and east of the fire pond. It is very likely that the hydraulic
gradient in the shallow zone will decrease as distance from the fire pond increases.
As shown on Figure 1-6A, a component of shallow groundwater flow to the east-
northeast exists in the former lagoon area and former land treatment area. The
areal extent of the mounding effect on the water table possibly caused by the fire
pond as well as the direction of shallow groundwater flow in the western section of
the site are not known at this time due to the fact that all existing shallow wells are
located within the eastern half of the site.
Groundwater contours were also constructed using data from intermediate depth (50
to 62 feet below ground surface) monitoring wells (W-10 through W-15) as shown on
Figure 1-6B. Data from thelle wells show that groundwater in this zone flows under
DCC#448 1-4
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lote:
' .
-:,_;-~ y-.
' , , -, ~ / ::r . ·. ;~~?
Dashed Lines Indicate
Local Drainage Divides
, ___
FIGURE 1-lA
Pla.n llap Showing
Surface Nater Divides
Raleigh/Horr1aville Site
1-4a
Prem: o.s.G.s. 7.5 Minute
Topoqraphic Map, Cary, N.C.,
1973, Photo revised 1987
\KEYsTONE
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(361.98}
NOTES
;==::=!' I ___ ,
_ __J,
-MONITORiiv6 h'Ell LOCATION-.
-GROUNDl>'A TER (FEET ABO VF ELEVATION C MEAN s: EA LEVEL}
1. h'ATER L EVELS MEASURE.
2
· CONTOUR IN O JANUARY J4 TERVAL = 2 FEET. '
NOTE:
1987.
APPROXIMATE
LOCATIONS
-
t'"' .. >
SCALE (FEET}
0 100 200
-------c /'
--✓
~----1-----
0
0
FIBURE i-6a
GROUNDWA IN THE TER CONTOURS
RALEIGZ:,,!;;:IES WELLS
NORTH C.'R'RISVILLE ,. OLINA
5 B
1-4c
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-t---==-
~
◊<?
\-
4 .. --~ i:oNITORING WEL (362.
88
) _ . ·· -L _LOCATION
GROUNDWA TE, ·---· --
(FEET ABOV: ELEVATION .
NOTES MEAN SEA LEVEL}
1. WATER LEV. "ELS MEASURE,
2
· CONTOUR INT. V SEPTEMBER 9. ERVAL -5 ~ ' ,EET.
NOTE:
1986.
APPROX IMA TE
LOCATIONS
.. "\ 1,,>
SCALE (FEET}
0 JOO 200
0
Cl
0
FISURE i-6tl
GROUNDWA TER IN THE Ir CONTOURS
A105O61
1-4d
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an unusually steep gradient to the southwest. The groundwater elevation data from
these wells should be regarded as questionable since no detailed boring logs for these
I wells exist and it is not possible to determine whether the shallow water bearing zone
I was effectively sealed off through the installation of surface casing. The apparent
steep gradient may be caused by improperly installed surface casing at some
locations that would allow communication between the well and shallow' water
bearing units; however, no evidence exists at this time to indicate that this is thb case.
Data from wells W-1 through W-8 were not used to construct these maps since the
I depths of these wells vary and communicate with several aquifers. Therefore, water
levels in these wells reflect a combination of heads from several water bearing zones.
Table 1-3 presents a summary of water level measurement and groundwater
elevation determinations.
Influence on the local flow system from the regional flow system, localized ,water
withdrawals, and structural controls has not been investigated to date. Hydraulic
interconnection of aquifers through domestic well construction and fractures relating
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to faulting and diabase dikes are factors which would affect constituent migration.
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However, not enough information exists to evaluate the significance of these f-i!ctors
in the vicinity of the site.
History of Site
Prior to 1961, the site was occupied by Cary Lumber Company who originally
occupied the site in 18%. On April 8, 1961, the directors and shareholders of Cary
Lumber Company consented to sell real estate and assets of Cary Lumber Cmripany
to Unit Structures, Inc. In 1%2, Unit Structures, Inc. sold the real estate and assets
to Koppers Company, Inc. In 1986 Koppers Company, Inc. sold the property and
assets to Unit Structures, Inc., a company unconnected with the previous I Unit
Structures, Inc. Two acres of property located in the northeast portion of the
Morrisville plant property were purchased by Koppers Company, Inc. in 1971. ,
Since 1962, the plant has produced glued-laminated wood products. In 19?8, a
Cellon wood treating process was constructed at the site to produce treated wood for
I use as a raw material in the laminating process. The Cellon treatment plant was
I
located in the southeastern portion of the site, near the existing fire pond.
DCC#448 1-5
----------- - -----
1-1
1-2
1-1
1-•
1-)
1-6
1-7
1-1
1-9
1-10
1-11
1-12
v-•
V-)
V-6
V-1
v.1
V-9
V-10
v. 11
V-12
V-1 l
I'-I If
~-IS
' V,
a,
G\\I G\\I
EJe..,ation DEPTH ELEV
-,-o-SEPTao
)70. 00
}71 • •9
)66. 19
)68. 7•
)70.02
172. )8
17•. 2)
}72. )0
}72. 0)
)71.9•
l71.2'J
J,S. 92
)67. 17 2'1.92 3"2.2)
}79.01 19.01 ))9. 9)
111. 1•
168.7• 6. )8 162. 16
l71.27 9. 10 161. 97
20.00
}67. 29 ). 17 162. 12
)78.•2 18.01 160. l•
)16. "9 21. )I 16•. 91
)80. 18 11. )8 1'8.10
166.92 22. 17 1 ... 75
171.61 26.00 1,,.6 l
GW GW GW G\\I
OEPTH ELEV DEPTH ELEV
-.-.-SEPTIO 25SEPTIO
2l. 17 }'2.00
19. 17 )'9.&•
6.7) )61. 99
9. l• 161. 9}
20. 3" 20.7)
, •• 2 }61.17 ,. 2) )62. 04
15.2) 160. 17 11.a. 1)9. SI
2,.u )62. 07 2). 7) 160.7•
12. 17 i.1.21 JI. 92 JU.•6
22.17 1,,.1, 22. )0 li14. lf2
26. 25 l.,. 18 26. IK Hl.Ol
TABLE 1-3
KOPPERS COMPANY, INC.
RALEIGH, NC
GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS
G\\I G\V LW GW
DEPTH ELEV """olocfao"
DEPTH ELEV --,o-ocfao"
2). •2 J•I .7' 2). )0 )'1. 67
19.IJ 1'9. II 20.2) 1'1.76
1.,2 161.12 7. )8 )61. 16
10.00 }61. 27 10. 2) }61.02
20.)0 20.H
l.ll )61.46 6.17 )61. 12
19.00 ))9.•2 19.2) )59. 17
21 .17 162.12 2 •. 17 )62.)2
12. 17 )'8.21 12.Zl 1,1. I l
22.7' 1•• .17 22. 2l 141f .67
26. )8 1-,.01 26.7) ,. •• 88
G\\I G\V
DEPTlt ELEV -,-1-ocfao"
I). JO
1).00
7.9.
9. •o
8.0)
9.89
11. 21
1. )0
j .I>
ll. •2
I&.,.
16. 19
2).7' HI .,2 21. 2)
20.70 1'1.11 17.h
ll. 71
1.00 160. 1• ). 7)
IO. )8 }60. 69 1.00
21. 17
6.)8 }60.71 •. 28
19.69 ))8.7) I).,-
2•.ll )61. 7• 21. jj
12. 70 lH.68 29.22
21.17 Hl.ll 26.2'
27. I J 1••. 10 26. ,.,.
3)6. 70
lH,. •9
Ja.•1
1)9. 1•
161. 97
162. 69
161.02
)6).00
)66. 20
}6 l. )2
1'9. 7l
)62. H
lll. 92
)61. 17
162.06
161.01
}6}. 27
16).01
162.1&
162.9•
)) I. 16
1'0.67
J•l. 19
G\V G\V
DEPTlt ELEV -,-,-1ANV
ll.H J.,. j}
16.•2 1' I. 07
a.10 1)7.19
,.11 111.91
9.U )60. 1"
11. 97 160.61
I l. 19 160. 86
7.U l6• .62
6.62 )6). •J
16.97 )61. 91
l&.00 )60. 29
11.6) )60. 29
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Treatment consisted of pressure injecting pentachlorophenol (PCP), in a liqhefied
' butane carrier, into the wood. Because pentachlorophenol is not completely soluble
I in liquified butane, a cosolvent, isopropyl ether, was used in the process. A glycol-,
based cosolvent reportedly was also used for a short period of time.
' Typical of other wood treating processes, Cellon treatment was conducted m
' cylindrical retorts. One retort cylinder was used at the site. After the wood was
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impregnated, the butane carrier was evaporated under reduced pressure, lea";ing a
residual of pentachlorophenol as a dry, crystalline salt. The carrier was recycled to
' the work tanks, where it was cooled before use. After the carrier was removed 'from
the cylinder, a vacuum was pulled on the cylinder and IPE and dissolved PCP :Were
sent to blowdown pit. The blowdown pit was vented to atmosphere, allo,wing
evaporation to occur. The pentachlorophenol residual on the treated wood; was
removed by steaming. Steam condensate was settled and filtered to rec.over
pentachlorophenol before it was discharged to the fire pond. Two treatment lagoons
were installed approximately six months after start-up, to provide further removal of
pentachlorophenol from the steam condensate prior to discharge to the fire pond.
The location of these lagoons is shown on Figure 1-2.
' There was a teepee burner located in the northern area of the site. The teepee
, I burner was a large metal structure used to bum wood shavings and other wood
I products associated with the wood treating process.
The Cellon treatment process was discontinued and dismantled in 1975, after which
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treated wood was received from other sources. In 1976, following shutdown of the
' Cellon process, two samples were taken from the fire pond to determine water
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quality. One sample was collected near the south ditch and the other near the Cellon
treatment lagoons; the pentachlorophenol concentrations were 0.0042 mg/I and 0.018
' mg/I, respectively (Appendix C of the November, 1989 Final Work Plan).
During 1976, Koppers Company, Environmental Services Section, Resear.ch
Department, recommended that the two lagoons be reclaimed by land treatmd,nt
which was considered best technology at that time. Reclamation took place betwe~n
April and September of 1977. Two locations were chosen for land treatment of the
I water from the lagoons. Both areas were near the steel shop at the north end of the
property. The areas were plowed and diked and received two applications of wat~r,
DCC#448 1-6
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' followed by the addition of fertilizer and plowing. Additionally, dikes , were
' constructed to prevent run-off water from entering the fire pond. The lagoon bottom
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sludges were removed and spread to dry over the lagoons and adjacent areas before
reclamation of the area by fertilizing and seeding was conducted.
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Subsequent investigations began in 1980 by Koppers to study the environmental
I quality of both the groundwater and the soils in the plant vicinity include(/ the
installation of nine backhoe test pits, water sampling from five of the pits, sam'_pling
of fifteen on-site wells (W-1 through W-15), and the sampling of three surface "Yater
sources. Soil, sediment, groundwater and surface water data generated from 19~0 to
date are summarized in tabular form in Appendix C (November, 1989 Final Work
I Plan). In addition, soil samples were taken for analyses from different areas of the
plant on different occasions. Based on the results of these efforts, approximatel); 220
cubic yards of soil were removed during April-May 1980 from the former lagoon
I areas. The soils were disposed in a permitted, commercial chemical waste disposal
facility.
' In July, 1980, after removal of contaminated soils, a more extensive soil sampling land
analysis program was initiated that encompassed the former treatment lagoon a1rea,
the former Cellon treatment area, and the former warehouse area which had been
I used to store dry pentachlorophenol in bags. As part of this program, se,ven
monitoring wells (W-9 through W-15) were installed to provide a ring of monitoring
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wells around the plant. The depths of the wells were selected such that the wells
terminated at or above an upper confining layer which was identified through
geophysical logging. Groundwater samples were drawn from these wells in August,
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September, and October of 1980. In addition, on July 24, 1980 two off-site wells
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(Medlin residence and Wilkerson Construction) and one on-site well (W-6) were
each sampled by Koppers and North Carolina Department of Health Services as i-'ell
as two off-site sediment samples, one from the east drainage ditch and one from the
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Medlin Pond (Appendix H of the November, 1989 Final Work Plan). Koppers
results indicated no PCP in off-site wells (Medlin or Wilkerson samples) atl a
detection level of 0.0004 mg/L The sediment sample from the east discharge pojnt
contained 0.674 mg/kg PCP and the sediment sample at the Medlin Pond contained
I 0.114 mg/kg PCP, based on Koppers analyses. PCP was detected by both labs in o,n-
site well W-6.
DCC#448 1-7
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' On September 11, 1980, water and soil samples were collected from the fire, pond
and selected test pits. Based on the results of this investigation, an additional 240
cubic yards of soil were removed from the former lagoon area and disposed in a
' permitted, commercial chemical waste disposal facility in November 1980.
On September 24, 1980, the U.S. EPA conducted a hazardous waste site
investigation (HWSI) which included the collection and analysis of water, sediment,
' and fish for purgeable and extractable organic compounds. Surface water saf)lples
were collected from the fire pond, Medlin Pond, and the east drainage ditch.
Groundwater samples were collected from three wells on the plant property.
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Sediment samples were also collected from the fire pond, Medlin pond, and the pitch
which drained the land treatment area. Fish were collected for analysis from the
Medlin pond and the fire pond. Trace levels of several P AHs (values were reported
' below the detection limits and were indicated by 'T'), common laboratory sol~ents
' (i.e. methylene chloride, bis-2-ethylhexylphthalate ), and petroleum product
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constituents (i.e. hexadecanoic acid, as tentatively identified compounds) ~ere
detected in the Medlin Pond and Fire Pond sediments. Fish samples in both ponds
I also had petroleum product constituents below the detection limits, but there were
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several compounds (i.e. octadecanoic acid) reported as estimated values, designated
by "J". Lastly, one sediment sample collected from the fire pond had PCP prdent
' above the detection limit at a level of 6.4 mg/kg.
A series of eight supply wells (W-1 through W-8) had been installed at the sit~ to
' support plant operations. Available records indicate the majority of the plant supply
wells were installed in 1971 or 1972 and the depths of wells range from 200 to 400
I feet. Results of the geophysical logging indicated well depths ranging from 73 to 210
' feet. Three of these wells were used to supply non-potable water to the plant.
Connection to a municipal water supply has been completed.
In June, 1981, a detailed follow-up investigation was completed by Koppers in the
I area of the former treatment lagoons which indicated that pentachlorophenol wlls
present at some locations. Additional rounds of groundwater and soil sampling were
conducted in July and December of 1984, confirming the results from 1981. Data
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generated during these investigations is included in the summary tables in Appendjx
C (November, 1989 Final Work Plan). Approximately 1100 cubic yards of soil were
removed from the former lagoon area in 1986. Additionally, 50 cubic yards cif
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DCC#448 1-8
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material were removed from the filter bed area and 100 cubic yards from the
blowdown pit area, totalling 1250 cubic yards. Removed soils were disposed in a
' permitted, commercial chemical waste disposal facility. Figure 1-7 depicts
approximate area of soil removal.
A hydrogeologic investigation was conducted in 1986 by Keystone to supply
additional data concerning the presence and movement of hazardous constitu~nts in
groundwater and soil. The investigation included a geophysical survey to ident'ify the
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presence of diabase dikes, installation of additional monitoring wells, grounqwater
sampling, and soil sampling. I
A series of twelve monitoring wells (M-1 through M-12) were installed and logged by
Keystone in July and August, 1986 and a total of 15 soil borings (B-1 through,B-15)
were completed concurrently with the monitoring well installation work. Soil b1orings
were installed throughout the site, targeting potential pentachlorophenol source . i areas. These areas included the former lagoons, the Cellon area, the land treatment
areas, the pentachlorophenol warehouse area, and the sawdust storage I area.
Locations of these wells and borings are shown on Figure 1-3, and 1-4, respectively.
A magnetometer survey was conducted in the former lagoon and land farm areas to
I confirm or deny the presence of a diabase dike beneath the site. This investigation
concluded that a diabase dike is not present within 150 feet of the surface ini these
areas. The report of findings for the geophysical investigation is presented in
Appendix E (November, 1989 Final Work Plan).
I Groundwater samples were collected by KER during September 1986 fro\11 the
twelve newly installed monitoring wells (M-1 to M-12) and also 13 of the 15 existing
wells (W-1 to W-8, W-10, W-12 to W-15). These results are listed in AppeJdix C
(November, 1989 Final Work Plan).
In addition to on-site monitoring, BM&S initiated a domestic well sampling program
of potentially affected wells. Off-site wells were sampled by KER in Septembe~ 1986
(Table 1-3A), November 1986 and January 1987. In December 1986, the NC
Division of Health Services, Superfund Branch, began sampling off-site wells a~ound
this site. In March 1987, BM&S released the results of its 3 rounds of sampling.
I BM&S results were questionable due to high blanks and problems with lab
contamination. They were also inconsistent with results obtained by the State lab.
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DCC#448 1-9
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0
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\ 0 ----........ .,,
STONE
INC.
I\OTE:
SOIL WAS REMOVED IN JULY 1986
1-9a
OUTUNE OF O:..:
L.ACOON
U:c.END:
' Q SOU. SUIU'AC:E SAMPLES
TAK.EN AT .EACH ;
1.0CA TIOII 141 SAMPU:S)
FIGURE 1-7
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AREA OF SOIL REMOVAL\
BEAZER MATERIALS AND,
I SERVICES, INC. 1
MORRISVILLE. NORTH CAROLINA:
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' "' CT
-- -- -
Wdl No. M-1 M-2
Paramacn
pH 7.1 7.5
TOC 10.n 5.51
BOD NIA NIA
COD 50 75
Pbcmola <0.005 <0.005
TDS 1000 832
Chloride 102 S3
Aourido 0.440 0.540
Nitrile <0.010 <0.010
N-<0.100 <0.100
su1r .... 27.3 38.8
Ar-,ic <0.010 0.018
Calcium 15.9 23.S
Chromium <0.050 <0.050
~m JI 26.8
Pocu.ium 9.25 S.S5
Sodium 233 207
bopropyl l:lbo, (ug/1) <100 <100
Coodlldivily (umboo/cm) 1580 1350
Pcotacbloropbc,o (ug/1) <1.00 <1.00
NOTES:
AU valuca iu mg/L unlcu otbcrwiae DO(cd __
-N/A -No<-Analyud--------~
- - - ----
TABLE 1-3A
SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER ANALYTICAL RESULTS
SEPTEMBE~ 26, 1986
M-3
6.7
41.66
NIA
20
0.021
MO
53
0.700
<0.010
<0.100
22.7
<0.010
17
<0.050
20.4
6.6S
149
<100
750
S.85
FORMER KOPPERS t:OMPANY, INC. SITE
MORJ:ISVILLE, NC
M-4 M-S M-6 M-7 M-8
8.1 NIA 7.4 7.7 7.1
5.47 4.33 3.85 4.70 9.17
NIA NIA NIA NIA NIA
40 52 50 <10 50
0.005 <0.005 0.006 0.005 0.005
947 97S 1133 1320 675
136 223 330 253 68
0.6IO 0.480 0.500 0.520 0.290
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
<0.100 <0.100 <0.100 <0.100 <0.100
24.7 23 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
25.S 46.9 S7.9 50.4 41.0
<0.050 <0.050 <0.050 <0.050 <0.050
JS.2 Sl.9 SJ.9 64.9 JI.I
9.8S 9.59 3.37 7.~ 3.30
140 180 184 150 SJ.2
<100 <100 <100 <100 <100
IS80 1796 In& 951
57.l 411 163 <1.00 11.4
----
M-9
7.2
4.98
NIA
IS
<0.005
480
33
0.490
<0.010
<0.100
30.6
<0.010
22.4
<0.050
9.7S
J.63
56.8
<100
550
4.28
Prepared by Keylkloc EnviroamcntaJ Rcaour_cea, loc. for Beazer Material, end Service., Inc.
- ---- -
M-IO M-11 M-12
6.4 7.7 7.S
3.IS 6.19 3.74
NIA NIA NIA
3S 40 20
<0.00S 0.011 <0.00S
635 1020 870
126 97 107
0.3IO 0.680 0.540
<0.010 <0.0IO <0.010
<0.100 <0.100 <0.100
<10.0 153 4S.S
<0.010 <0.0IO <0.010
SJ.J 45.4 36.7
<0.050 <0.050 <0.050
38.2 32.4 JJ.2
4.62 7.47 S.48
44.2 82 56.7
<100 <100 <100
980 1200 ll8S
71.2 <1.00 <1.00
' D )
-- - -
Well No. W-1
Puamc:tcn
pH 7.4
TOC <1.00
BOD NIA
COD <10.0 -<0.00S
TDS )II
Cbloridc 29.0
Flouridc 0.150
N-<0.010
NitrMC <0.100
Sulfa 12.5
"'-ic <0.010
Calcium 53.0
Cbromium <0.050
Magocaium 29.4
Potauium 1.90
Sodium 12.6
laopropyl E,hc, (ug/1) <100
Cooductivily (umboo/cm) 670
PaucbLc.q l nol (ug/1) <0.001
NOTES:
~l~aluca in.mg/L.un.lca otbcrwiK DOtod
Ni A -Not Analyzed
W-2
7.4
<1.00
NIA
<10.0
<0.00S
lOI
16.0
0.150
<0.010
0.254
2).2
<0.010
36.J
<0.050
21.4
1.47
Jl.l
<100
S30
<0.001
----- -
Table 1-]A (Continued)
SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER ANALYTICAL RESULTS
SEPTEMBER 26, 1986
W-l
7.S
<1.00
NIA
<10.0
<0.00S
2!10
2).0
O.lJ0
<0.010
1.60
14.6
<0.010
36.7
<0.050
19.9
2.0)
16.0
<100
520
<0.001
FORMER KOPPERS COMPANY, INC. SITE
MORRISVILLE, NC
W◄ W-5 W-6 W-7 W-8
7.2 7.5 7.1 7.5 7.6
1.65 <1.00 1.6) 2.ll 4.94
N/A NIA NIA NIA NIA
20.0 <10.0 25.0 15.0 IS.0
<0.00S <0.005 0.007 <0.005 <0.005
630 264 744 564 401
126 14.0 126 71.0 Sl.0
0.150 0.150 0.400 0.300 0.240
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
<0.100 <0.971 0.176 <0.100 <0.100
16.l 11.9 24.1 19.9 19.)
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
91.9 ll.S 41.9 34.2 36.5
<0.050 <0.050 <0.050 <0.050 <0.050
21.5 14.9 )2.8 39.2 30.9
2.38 2.S2 ).12 5.06 l.87
27.0 JS. I 71.7 59.l 30.4
<100 <100 <100 <100 <100
1000 350 1100 150 550
<0.001 <0.001 0.00122 0.0379 0.00537
---
W-10
7.2
2.14
NIA
10.0
<0.005
604
61.0
0.230
<0.010
<0.100
18. I
<0.010
51.0
<0.050
16.6
S.12
59.J
<100
ISO
0.717
------
Prcpercd by Kcyatooc Eoviroomcotal Rceourca, Inc. for Bcazu Material• and Servicea, Inc.
--------
W-11 W-12 W-ll W-14 W-15
NIA 7.4 1.5 7.1 6.5
NIA 1.17 1.39 2.00 <1.00
NIA NIA NIA NIA NIA
NIA ISO 12.0 25.0 <10.0
NIA <0.00S <0.005 <0.005 <0.005
N/A )16 260 742 l66
NIA 24.0 16.0 141 19.0
NIA 0.200 0.280 0.400 0.200
NIA <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
NIA 0.)30 <0.100 <0.100 0.125
NIA 16.9 16.7 25.2 12.2
N/A <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
NIA 60.4 34.7 117 37.J
NIA <0.050 <0.050 <0.050 <0.050
NIA 20.l 14.6 22.1 20.6
NIA 2.34 1.0) 1.)7 1.19
NIA 36.7 12.6 24.J 9.52
NIA <100 <JOO <100 <100
NIA soo 330 1130 390
NIA 0.00386 0.00517 <0.001 0.00349
·--
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Representatives of BM&S, KER, the Wake County Health Dept. and the Staie met
and decided to resample immediately. At that time, BM&S began off-sit:e well
sampling in conjunction with the State and the Wake County Health Dept.
Samples were collected by KER in March 1987, November 1987, Septembe~ 1988, I and October 1988. BM&S committed to ongoing quarterly monitoring of selected
I domestic wells in February 1989. Off-site domestic well results indicate that both
I pentachlorophenol and isopropyl ether have been detected approximately 4000-5000
feet from the suspected source areas (PCP, around 5,000' at llH, or 121! IPE,
around 4,000' at lOH). Affected wells were located generally to the north and
northwest although the highest concentrations of pentachlorophenol and isopropyl
ether were found less than 1000 feet northeast of the former lagoon and C::::ellon
treatment areas. In addition to off-site well sampling, an extensive domestic well
survey within a mile radius was conducted during October-December 11988.
Additional information regarding domestic well sampling is contained in Section
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3.1.4 of the November, 1989 Final Work Plan.
1.2 Interim Corrective Measures
I Pursuant to the 1980 study, approximately 220 cubic yards of soil was removed from
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the former lagoon area. After the original soil removal, a second soil sampling and
' groundwater sampling took place and resulted in the removal of an additional 240
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cubic yards of soil from the former lagoon area. Additional wells (W-9 through W-
15) were installed in 1980 to define groundwater conditions at the site. Soil sanipling
from 1981 and 1984 led to the removal in 1986 of an additional 1100 cubic yajds of
soil from the former lagoon area and Cellon treatment area, 50 cubic yards of
material from the filter bed area, and 100 cubic yards of material from the blowbown
pit area, totalling 1250 cubic yards. Soil borings and shallow monitoring wells !were
installed in 1986 to further identify groundwater conditions and areas Jhere
pentachlorophenol was present in the soil. In August 1987, Keystone, at the reguest
of BM&S, prepared a report entitled, "Summary of Existing Data for Previously
Operated Property, Koppers Company Inc., Raleigh, North Carolina Site." IThis
report, including recommendations for future work, was submitted to NC DHR.,
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As described previously, a quarterly monitoring program of domestic wells has been
initiated. BM&S currently provides bottled water at off-site well locations where
DCC#448 1-10
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pentachlorophenol and/or !PE has been detected. In cases where results ijdicate
invalid data for any reason (e.g., blank contamination), until resampling and valid
data is obtained, bottled water has been and will be supplied to the affected reiidents
as a precautionary measure.
In November 1988, a fence was installed by BM&S around Medlin Pond to
discourage unwarranted use, after concerns were expressed by the property o~ers.
Permission was received from the owner prior to erection of the fence and a BM&S
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representative was on-site to accommodate the property owner wishes puring
installation.
In February 1989, BM&S, in cooperation with the town of Morrisville, agreed
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to the
installation of municipal water lines to the affected areas and service to affected
residences. BM&S and EPA Region IV entered into negotiations concerning a
I Consent Order for the construction of the water line. An agreement was reached
and the Order was effective May 15, 1989.
Over 3.9 miles of water mains have been installed. Thirty-eight residences/locations
I have been connected to the city water system as of December 1, 1989. An additional
' six residences were offered municipal water, but have refused. Additional
! connections are planned.
DCC#448 l -11
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2.0 SAMPLING OBJECTIVES
The primary objective of the Remedial Investigation is to define the natur'e and
I extent of the potential contamination at the site and its effect on human health,
welfare, and the environment. A secondary objective is to acquire the nec~ssary
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information to perform a public health and environmental assessment and to ~creen
alternatives to determine the most feasible method for remediation of potential risks
to public health and safety, and the environment. Following the tasks associated with
field activities, data will be evaluated and used to prepare the Public Health and
Environmental Assessment. '
In order to confirm existing data, obtain additional information where data I gaps
I presently exist and meet the objectives of the investigation as outlined above,
evaluations of both on-site and off-site areas will be performed. Characterization will
be conducted of surface and subsurface soils, shallow and deep groundwater'. and
' surface water and sediments in both the fire pond, Medlin Pond, and adjacent
drainageways. The study will focus on the following areas of interest:
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DCC#448
Soil borings will be conducted at locations throughout the plaht to
provide areal characterization of the soil quality and backgrbund
conditions.
Soil borings will be installed in the former lagoon area, Cellon
I • treatment area, and the land treatment area to further characti;nze
soil quality in these previously identified source areas.
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Monitoring wells will be installed into shallow groundwater zones for
groundwater quality and groundwater flow characterization.
Intermediate depth monitoring wells will be installed at selected
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locations to provide information regarding the vertical migratior\ of
potential constituents of concern.
i Monitoring wells will be installed off-site, beyond areas wbere
pentachlorophenol and/or !PE have been detected.
2-1 FINAL
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Deep monitoring wells (200+ feet) will be installed to assist in
I characterization of the flow mechanisms which have influenced deeper
domestic wells. i
I One deep rock core will be taken to assist in physical characterization
of bedrock beneath the site. If insufficient information is obtained,
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additional rock cores will be obtained. '
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Pumping tests and/or packer tests will be conducted at on-site source
areas to identify zones of groundwater flow and contatliinant ' migration. Pump tests will also provide data necessary to define ! aquifer characteristics and performance evaluations.
Surface water sampling of the fire pond, Medlin Pond and associated
drainageways will be performed to determine their enviromhental
impact.
Surface water sampling of the site's eastern and western dr~inage
ditches will be performed to provide information regarding extent of
migration of potential constituents of concern. !
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Sampling of sediments from the bottom of the fire pond will be
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conducted to determine whether sediments are acting as a sour'ce for
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pentachlorophenol migration to the hydrogeologic regime.
Sampling of the sediments from the bottom of the Medlin Pond will
I also be performed to determine if potential surface water migration of
pentachlorophenol has occurred. I
Sampling of sediments from the site's eastern and western drJinage
ditches will be conducted to determine if any migration of PCOQ's has
occurred.
Section 3.0 provides detailed information regarding the proposed study.
DCC#448 2-2 FINAL
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3.0 SAMPLE LOCATIONS AND FREQUENCY
This section identifies each sample matrix to be collected, sampling locations and
constituents to be analyzed.
3.1 Surface Water Characterization
A surface water characterization will be performed at the site to determine the
nature and extent of impact from the site. The areas to be characterized arei ( 1) the
fire pond, (2) Medlin Pond, (3) the ditch connecting the fire pond and Medlih Pond,
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(4) the effluent stream from Medlin Pond, (5) the eastern drainage ditch,
1
(6) the
western drainage ditch, and (7) drainage from the wooded area in the south~estern
portion of the site.
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Two rounds of surface water sampling and analysis will be completed, at lekst one
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month apart. The first round of samples will be collected coincident with th
1
e pond
and ditch sediment characterization. The proposed sampling locations are noted on
Figure 3-1. During each sampling round, six samples will be collected from each of
the ponds, three samples will be collected from the connecting ditch between the fire
pond and Medlin Pond and two samples will be collected from the effluent 1stream
from Medlin Pond, starting approximately 200 feet downstream from the pbnd, at
200-foot intervals. Three samples will be collected from the east drainage ditdh; one
sample will be collected upstream of the site to provide background informatidn, and
two samples will be collected further downstream. Five surface water samples :will be
collected from the western ditch; one sample will be collected upstream of the\ site to
provide background information and the downstream locations will provide
information concerning the impact of the site, if any, on the ditch. One samJ1e will
be collected near the cemetery in the wooded area to the southwest of the site. The
I ditches and streams may run dry during low flow conditions; therefore, it may not be
possible to collect surface water samples from all locations. If the surface I water
characterization indicates that the sampling locations are not extensive enoilgh to
delineate the impact of the site on the surface water systems or additional sLrface
water systems are identified during the field investigation, further characterization
will be proposed as an addendum to the Work Plan. Prior to completion bf the
surface water characterization, the wooded area to the southwest of the site J..ill be
investigated and if additional drainage ways are found, these will be characteriz~d.
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DCC #R-448 3-1
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-1-
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0
LE8END * PROPOSED SEDIMENT
SAMPLING LOCATIONS
@ PROPOSED SEDIMENT AND
SURFACE WATER
SAMPLING LOCATIONS
!/APPROXIMATE STREAM LOCATION
/ I-_ -Iha r ~ "'., LJ) ~
/ /SW-28 : r S-28
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I D-; J,_,,
I ~ /
._, I
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SW-29
S-29 --
SCALE (FEET)
100 0 100 200
--
SW-30 S-30 --------
DRAINAGE DITCH
300
0
FI8URE 3-1
PROPOSED SURFACE irATER
ANO SEDIMENT SAMPLING LOCATIONS
RALEIGH/MORRISVILLE,
BEAZER MATERIALS & SERVICES, INC.
3-la
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Pond samples will be collected at two depths; one at or near the surface and the
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other at a depth approximately two-thirds of the distance between \he surface and
the bottom of the pond. Ditch and stieam samples will be taken as grab sJmples. All
surface water samples will be collecte~ before collection of sediment samJles.
The surface wate~ samples will be ajalyzed for the parameters presentJd in Table
3-1. EPA Method 8040, with a detec/ion limit of 1 ppb, will be used .to analyze for
phenolics, additionally EPA Method S 15, with a detection limit of 0.01 Jg/I, will be
used to analyze specifically for pentac~orophenol. · 1
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Samples from five locations (SW-12, SW-18, SW-24, SW-26, and SW-~4) will be
analyzed for compounds on the Tt\I./fCL lists. Table 3A-1 lists ITAl./fCL
parameters and detection limits. Twd samples each from SW-10 and SW-12 will be
analyzed for PCDDs and PCDFs, one h1tered and one unfiltered. ' I
Samples will be analyzed for isopropyl \ether (IPE) during the first rou~d a~d if no
IPE is detected, no samples will be coll~cted and analyzed for IPE during the second
round; however, if IPE is detected duripg first round, a second round of anJlysis will
be performed. IPE analysis will be pe1ormed in this manner because the cbmpound
is extremely volatile and is not expected to be present in surface water.. I
I . i
In addition to chemical analysis, the flowrate of the ditch connecting' the I fire pond
and Medlin Pond, and the effluent sAeam from Medlin Pond will be determined
using a flow meter. or a stainless steel 1sheet metal V-notch weir, me~uriJg volume
and time. The flow rates will be measJed during each of the two sampling I rounds, if
sufficient flow exists. All samples will tie collected and handled in mariners adhering I I
to the procedures outlined in Section 5.0.
I
3.2 Son and Sediment Sampling
I A site-wide soil sampling and analytical program will be conducted. Figure 3-2 shows
the locations of the .proposed soil borin~. As part of the site-wide samplinlt program
investigations of soil quality in the form~r lagoon and Cellon treatment are~, former
land treatment area, and former teepe~ burner area will be performed, In 1addition,
background soil quality data will be coll6cted at four off-site locations. The 1sampling
DCC#R-448 3-2 I
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----- - - ---- --------
TABLE J-1
SURFACE WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS SUMMARY
No.of Estimated
Sample · Samples No.of Analytical Detection Field Rinsate Trip DQO
Location per Location Samples Parameter Method Limit Duplicate Blank Blank Level C11mments
SW-I, SW-IO, 2 12 Acid Extractable EPA8040 (2) I) I JI
SW-12 Phenols
SW-18,
SW-20, SW-22 (I)
2 12 Pentachlorophenol_EPA 515_0.0JO.ug/l 2 1--0 V
2 12 lsopropyl Ether' EPA8020 1.00 ug/1 2 I/day/cooler V First round only.
"" ' 2 12 pH EPA 150.1 0 0 () JI This analysis will he performed in the
N a, field.
2 12 ~cific EPA 120.J I umho/cm 0 0 () JI This analysis will he performi:d in lht!
onductance field.
2 12 Temperature EPA 170.1 0 () () JI This analysis will be performed in the
field.
SW-12, 2 TAUfCL EPA-CLP (4) I/day I/day/cooler JV First round only.
SW-18 (3) C_f.!!DJ>OU_!]~s• Volatiles Only
SW-IO, SW-12(5) 2 4 PCDD/PCDF EPA8290 Various 1 0 ____ _v -. __ .At.each.location, one sample.will.~e-------~---------------------fihered and one sample will remam -------unfiltered.
- - --

-
---

-
----------
TABLE 3-1
(Continued)
SUR~'ACE WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS SUMMARY
No.or Estimated
Sample Samples No.or Analytical Detection Field Rinsate Trip DQO
l.A>eation per l..ocation Samples Parameter Method Limit Duplicate Blank Blank Level Comments
See Commt!nts 2 8 Total Organic EPA415.l I mg/I II () II The locations of these
Carbon samples will be picked
at random from the fire
2 8 Biochemical
Oxygen
EPA 405.1 I mg/] 0 () 0 II and Medlin Ponds.
Demand
2 8 Chemical EPA 410.4
Oxygen
10 mg/I 0 0 0 II
..... Demand
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N 2 8 To1al EPA 160.2 I mg/I 0 0 0 II
c:r Suspended
Solids
SW-16A, SW-168, 14 Acid Extractable EPA 8040 (2) 0 Ill
SW-17, SW-23 Phenols
lhru SW-26
SW-28 thru SW-34
14 Pen1achlorophenol EPA515 0.010 ug/1 0 V
14 lsopropyl Ether• EPA 8020 1.00 ug/1 I/day/cooler V First round only.
14 pH EPA 150.1 0 0 0 II This analysis will be performed
-----------------------__ in.the.field. ----
------
14 ~ecific EPA 120.l 1 umho/cm 0 0 0 II This analysis will he performed
onductance in the field.
14 Temperature EPA 170.1 0 0 0 II This ananlysis will be performed
in the fidd.
SW-24, SW-26, TAIJJ'CL
SW-34 3 Compounds• EPA-CLP ( 4) l/t.lay/crn1kr IV First round only.
--- --- - ---
TAIILE 3-1
(Continued)
---
SURFACE WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS SUMMARY
w
' N n
Sample
Location
No.of
Samples
per U><:_alion _
See Comments
Notes:
Estimated
No.or
Sample~
7
7
7
7
_ Parameter
Tomi Organic
Carbon
Bim:hemical
Oxygen
Demand
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Total
Suspended
Solids
Analytical
Method
EPA415.I
EPA 405.1
EPA410.4
EPA 160.2
~
ll At each location a sample will be collected from the following depths:
2 EPA Method 8040 Detection Limits
henol 0.50 ug/1
2-Chlorophenol 0.50 ug/1
2-Nitrophenol 0.50 ug/1
2,4-Dimethylphenol 0.50 ug/1
2,4-Dichlorophenol 0.50 ug/1
4-Chloro-3-Methylphenol 0.50 ug/1
Detection
-Umil
Field
-Duplicate-
Rinsate
Blank:
I mg/I 0
I mg/1 0
Hl mg/I 0
I mg/I 0
near surface and at 2/3 depth
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol
4,6-Dinitro-2-Methylphenul
Pe111achlorophenol
0
0
0
____ 4 .Refer-10-l ahle-3A-l·of-th1s·Work·PJan·for•a-hst of OetectJon limns. !Jl At locatio~s SW-12 and S"!'-18 a sample will ~e-~l~lecte~ fro':f_!. ~/) <kpU}. _______ _
5 Samples will he collected from 2/3 depth.
•One round of surface water sampling will be performed for the above noted parameters.
Trip
Blank
I/event
1/evenl
1/evr:.nt
I/event
1.00 ug/1
Ukl ug/1
l.(Kl ug/1
l.(Kl ug/1
I.(){) ug/1
I.(){) ug/1
- - - - --
IJQO
Levd· Comments
II The locations of these
samples will be picked
at random from the
II drainageways.
II
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I TABLE 3A-l I
I I
TCL AND TAL PARAMETERS AND DETECTION LIMITS
I
TAL Parameters:
Parameters
aluminum
antimony
arsenic
barium
beryllium
cadmium
calcium
chromium
cobalt
copper
iron
lead
magnesium
manganese
mercury
nickel
potassium
selenium
silver
sodium
thallium
vanadium
zinc
cyanide
TCL Parameters
Parameters
Volatiles
Chloromethane
Bromomethane
Vinyl chloride
Chloroethene
Methylene Chloride
Acetone
Carbon Disulfide
1, 1-Dichloroethane
1, 1-Dichloroethene
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene
DCC#R448
Water
!!&LI
200
60
10
200
5
5
5000
10
50
25
100
5
5000
15
0.2
40
5000
5
10
5000
10
50
20
10
Low
Level Water(2)
,3-2d
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:!!&LL
10
10
10
10
5
10
5
5
5
5
I
SoiVSediment
~mg/kg
I 40
12
2
40
1
1
1000
2
10
5
20 r
1000
. 31 0.04.
I 8,
10001 . 1
2:
10001
2 10I
4i
2' I
Low Level
Soil/Sediment(3)
l!&LK&
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I 101
: 10 I
10
' 10 I
5'
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101 5,
51 5 .
5]
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I TABLE 3A-l (Continued)
I Low l;ow Level
Level Water<2) Soil/Sediment<3)
Parameters !!&LL ; !!2LK:
I I I
Chloroform 5 5
1,2-Dichloroethane 5 5
2-Butanone 10 10
I 1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane 5 :s
Carbon Tetrachloride 5 5
I
I Vinyl Acetate 10 10
Bromodichloromethane 5 5
1, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 5 5
1,2-Dichloropropane 5 5
I trans-1,2-Dichloropropene 5 ?
I Trichloroethene 5 5
I Dibromochloromethane 5 5
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane 5 5
Benzene 5 5
I cis-1,3-Dichloropropene 5 5 '
2-Chloroethyl Vinyl Ether 10 10
Bromoform I 5 5
I 2-Hexanone 10 10
4-Methyl-2-pentanone 10 10
Tetrachloroethene 5 5
' I Toluene 5 5
Chlorobenzene 5 5
Ethyl Benzene 5 5 I Styrene 5 5
Total Xylenes 5 5
I Semi-Volatiles
I
Phenol 10 · 330
I bi~2-Chloroethyl) ether 10 330
2-hlorophenol 10 330
I I 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 10 330
I 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 10 330
Benzyl Alcohol 10 330
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 10 330
:I 2-Methylphenol 10 330 , I
bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether 10 ; 330
I 4-Methylphenol 10 : 330
N-Nitroso-Dipropylamine 10 . 330
Hexachloroethane 10 330
Nitrobenzene 10 330
I I
Is~horone 10 330
2-itrophenol 10 330
I 2,4-Dimethylphenol 10 330
DCC#R448
I 3·2e
I TABLE 3A-1 (Continued) I
, I
I Low Low Level
Level Water<2) Soil/Sediment<3)
Parameters !!iLL I~
I Benzoic Acid 50 '1606
bis(2-Chloroethoxy) methane 10 330 '
I 2,4-Dichlorophen~l 10 33b
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 10 33:0
N~tthalene 10 330
I 4-hloroaniline 10 33:0 Hexachlorobutad.iene 10 330
' I
4-Chloro-3-rnethylphenol
330 I (Mra-chloro-rneta-cresol) 10
2-ethylnaphthalene 10 330
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 10 330
I 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 10 330
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 30 1600
I 2-Chloronaphthalene 10 330 I 2-N itroaniline · 50 : 1600
Dimethyl Phthalate 10 , 330
Acenaphthylene ' 10 330
I 3-Nitroaniline 30 ' 1600
I
' Acenaphthene 10 ' 330
I 2,4-Dinitrophenol 50 1600
4-Nitrophenol 50 1600
Dibenzofuran 10 330 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 10 3~0 I ' I 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 10 330 Diethylphthalate · 10 I 330
4-Chlorophenyl \henyl I
m 10 330 ether
Fluorane 10 330
m
4-Nitroaniline 50 1600
I
4,6-Dinitro-2-rnethylphenol 30 1600
N-nitrosodiphenp1amine 10 330
m 4-Bromophenyl ,henyl ether 10 330
Hexachlorobenzene 10 330
Pentachlorophen.ol 30 1600
m i Phenanthrene 10 330 Anthracene 10 330
Di-n-butylphthalate 10 I 330 E Fluoranthene 10 330
I
Pyrene 10 330 D Butyl Benzyl Phthalate 10 330
3,3 '-Dichlorobenzidine 20 660
Benzo( a )anthracene 10 330
ID bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 10 I 330
DCC#R448
0 3·2f
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Parameters
Chrysene
Di-n-octyl Phthalate
Benzo~b~fluoranthene Benzo k fluoranthene
Benzo a pyrene .
Indeno( 1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Dibenz( a,h )anthracene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylepe
Pesticides
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
delta-BHC
gamma-BHC (Lindane)
Heptachlor •
Aldrin .
Heptachlor Epox:ide
Endosulfan I
Dieldrin
4,4'-DDE
Endrin
Endosulfan II
4,4'-DDD I
Endosulfan Sulfate
4,4'-DDT
Endrin Ketone
Methoxychlor
Chlordane
Toxaphene
AROCLOR-1016
AROCLOR-1221 ,
AROCLOR-1232 ·
AROCLOR-1242
AROCLOR-1248
AROCLOR-1254
AROCLOR-1260
TABLE 3A-l (Continued)
Low
Level Water<2)
!!:LL
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
I
LowJvel
Soil/Sedimen t<3)
'~
I
' 330
330
330
330
, 330
I I
330
, 330
, 330
I
' , 8.0
8.<i I ' 8.0 8.0
8.0 8.0
8.0
I
. 8.0,
16.0
16.0
J6.0,
16.0
16.0,
'16.0,
16.0,
16.0,
I 80.01
80.01
160.0
80.0
80.0
80.0
80.0
80.0
160.0
160.0
(1) Detection limits listed for soil/sediment are based on wet weiJht. The
detection limits calculated by the laboratory for soil/sediment, calculated on
dry weight basis, as required by t.he contract, will be higher. Specific 1detection
limits are highly matrix dependent. The detection limits hsted h'erein are
provided fo~ guidance and may not always be achievable. I
DCC#R448
3·2g
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(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
DCC#R448
TABLE 3A-1 (Continued) !
Medium Water Contract Rejuired Detection Limits (CRDL) fL Volatile
HSL Compounds are 100 times the individual Low Water CRDL. I
Medium Soil/Sediment Contrkct Required Detection Limits (JRDL) for
Volatile ESL Compounds are'l 100 times the individual Low Soil/Sediment
CRDL. . I
Medium Water Contract Required Detection Limits (CRDL) ! for Semi-
Volatile HSI Compounds are 100 times the individual Low Water GRDL.
Medium Soil/Sediment Contrkct Required Detection Limits (ciRDL) for
Semi-Volatile HSL Componds 'are 60 times the individual Low Soi)/Sediment
:::~~ ;ater Contract Reqtred Detection Limits (CRDI.;) fo~ Pesticide
HSL Compounds are 100 times1 the individual Low Water CRDL. !
Medium Soil/Sediment ContrLt Required Detection Limit~ (CRDL) for
Pesticide HSL compounds are 15 times the individual Low Soil/Sediment
CRDL. I
3·2h
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1----
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X-1 .a
PROPERTY
BOUNDARY
PROPOSED SOIL BORING * PROPOSED SURFACE SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION
• PROPOSED PERMEABILITY TESTING
SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION
SCALE (FEET)
100 0 100 200 300
NOTE: SEE FIGURE 5-3 FDR DETAILED BORING LOCATIONS
IN THE FORMER LAGOON AREA.
0
CJ
FISURE 3-2
PROPOSED SOIL BORINGS
LOCATION MAP
RALEIGH/MORRISVILLE
A 5 44
3-2i
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and analytical program for each area of the site is discussed below and summarized
in Table 3-2. At all boring locations, soil samples will be collected contin~ously to I bedrock or the water table whichever is first encountered. ·1
The detailed boring plan for the former lagoon and cellon treatment are jown on
I
Figure 3-3. A total of 23 borings, X-15 through X-37, and X-48 are proposed in these I
areas. Borings will be installed to investigate the blowdown pit, the gravel filter area,
the delta area of the fire pond, as well as the treating cylinder door area. \
At least two soil samples from each boring location will be submitted for analysis for
acid extractable phenolic compounds by EPA Method 8040. The selecti~n of I
samples for analysis will be at the discretion of the supervising hydrogeologist'\ and
will be based on physical indications of pentachlorophenol such as odors, staining, oil
sheens or the presence of pentachlorophenol crystals. If physical indications of\the
compounds of interest are observed, then one sample showing indications of these
constituents and the sample collected immediately below the last indication of th~se
I
compounds will be submitted for analysis. If no physical evidence of the constitue~ts
of interest is observed, then one sample collected from the midpoint of the borihg
and the sample collected immediately above the bedrock or the water table will Be
submitted for analysis. \
Approximately fifteen percent of these samples will be submitted for analysis fo~\
compounds on the Target Analyte List and Target Compound List (T Al/fCL). Ten\
percent of the soil samples collected in this area will also be analyzed for PCDDs and
PCDFs and isopropyl ether. At least one sample from boring X-17 in the former
lagoon area, X-26 in the delta area of the fire pond, and X-37 in the blowdown pit \
area will be submitted for analysis for T Al/fCL constituents, and PCDDs and
PCDFs.
The detailed boring plan for the former land treatment area is shown on Figure 3-4.
Eight borings (X-2 through X-9) will be drilled in this area. At least three soil
samples, including one surface soil sample, from each location will be submitted for
analysis for acid extractable phenolic compounds by EPA Method 8040. Selection of
the remaining two samples from each boring to be analyzed will be based on physical
observations (i.e. stains, odors, etc.) as described previously. In addition, fifteen
percent of the soil samples collected in this area will be submitted for T Al/fCL
DCC #R-448 3-3
\
-- --- ------ --·--- -- -
TABLE 3-2
SOU. SAMPLE ANALYSlS
Sample• Eatimated
Sample Po, No. of Analytic•I DclcCtioo field Rinutc Trip DQO
A,u Locatioa Locatioo Sample, Panmctcr Moll>od Limit Duplicate Bl,nk Blink: Level Commcoll
Land Treatment X-2 thru X-9 3 24 Acid Extnctablc Pbcoolica EPA 8040 (I) 2 0 III
3 laopropyl Ether EPA 8020 100 ug/q V
• TAL/TCLLlata Various (21 I (volatilca only) IV
LagOOD and Celloo. X-IS thru X-37; 2 .. Acid Extractable Pbcoolica EPA 8040 (I) • 0 ll Ooc aamplc from locatiODI
Trcatmcot Area X--41 s hopropyl Flhcr EPA 8020 100 ug/kg V X-17, X-26 and X-37 will be
7 T AL/TCL Ii.ta Various (2) I (volatilca only) IV included in the analy1e1 for
s PCDD/PCDP EPA 8290 Varioua 0 V TAL/TCL cooatilucDll and PCDD1
and PCDPa.
Teepee Sumer X-10, 3 3 Acid Extractable Phcoolica EPA 8040 (I) 0 III The lllrfacc 10il 1,11mplc from
3 3 Drialing Water Metal■ (3) (3) I I 0 Ill boring X-ID will be analyzed
3 3 PCDD/PCDF EPA 8290 Variow 0 0 0 V for comtitucot1 on the
w
' T AUTCL lilla Variow (2) I (volatile• only) IV TAL/fCL lilla.
w
"' SS-1, SS-2 2 Acid Extnctablc Pbcnolie1 EPA 8040 (I) 0 Ill
2 Drink.i.na: Water Mel.Ala (3) (3) I I 0 Ill
2 PCDD/PCDP EPA 8290 Various 0 0 0 V
Other Arca, X-11 lo X-1-4; 2 21 Acid Extnctablc Phenolic, EPA 8040 (I) 3 0 III One aamplc from boring• X-14
X-31 to X--l7 3 IIOpfOp)'I Ether EPA 8020 100 ug/q I V and X--46 will be analyzed
• TAUfCLlilh VuiOUI (2) I (volatile• only) IV for T AUfCL comtitueall.
Back.ground C-3, C-9, 2 6 Acid E.xtnctable Pbeoolic1 EPA 8040 (I) 0 Ill
aod C-11
X-1 2 2 Acid E.xtnctable Pbeoolic• EPA 8040 (I) 0 Ill
2 2 TAUfCL lilh VariOUI (2) I I (volatile• oo.Jy) IV
PCDD/PCDP EPA 8290 Variow 0 0 0 V
laopropyl Ether EPA 8020 100 ug/kg V .----------
-------------
-----------------
------~------------------
"' ' "' CT
----
Note,:
(I) EPA Method IK>40 Dctectioo Limit.:
Pbonol
2-ailoropheool
2-Nitropbcool
2,<4-Dimethylpheool
2,-4-Oichloropbcaol
-4-CbJoro-3-Methylpbcool
(2) Refer to T1blc 5A-I
-
'°"""" '°"""" '° .. ,.. '° .. ,.. '° .. ,.. '° .. ,..
(3) Drinking Water Mctab Mctboda and Dclutioa:
Anenic EPA 7060 1000 ug/kg
Barium EPA 6010 20000 ug/kg
Cadmium EPA 6010 500 ug/kg
Chromium EPA 6010 UXXlugfk&
Mercury EPA 7-471 100 ug/kg
Lc.od EPA 7421 500 .. ,..
Selenium EPA 77.0 500 .. ,..
Silver EPA 6010 1000 uglkg
- --
2,4,6-Trichloropbcool
2,-4-Dinitropbcool
4-Nilropbcool
2,3 ,5, 6-T ctnchlorophcool
--
TABLE 3-2 (continued)
SOIL SAMPLE ANALYSIS
4 ,6-Dinilro-2-Metbylpbcool
Pcntachloropbeool
100 uglq
100 ug/kg
100 uglq
100 uglq
100 ug/kg
100 .. ,..
---11!!!!1 -- -
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----
LEGEND ---
.& -PROPOSED SOIL BORING
• -PROPOSED PERMEABILITY TESTING
SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION
0
FIRE POND
SCALE (FEET}
0 20 40
FIGURE 3-3
PROPOSED BORING PLAN MAP
FORMER CELL ON TREATMENT
AND LAGOON AREA
RALEIGH/MORRISVILLE
-.1D~5-045---l
3-3c
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\\
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1--------
LESENO
b.. -PROPOSED SOIL BORING
0
q
\/<'\
1\ \J
\\ ,,
\\
\\
\ '
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9 -PERMEABILITY TESTING SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION
A
X-1
PROPERTY-" BOUNDARY
--
\
\
\
\
SCALE (FEET) -----' 0 50 100 150
/
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\ I
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/ ' / / / I
/ / I / /
/ / /
/ / / / / , / / / / / / / / / / / /
'-----
/
FIGURE 3-4
PROPOSED BORING PLAN MAP
LAND FARM AREA
RALEIGH/MORRISVILLE
--'
~ :05046
3-3d
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analysis. Ten percent of the samples collected from this area will be\ analyzed for
isopropyl ether. I
Soil samples will be collected from one boring location (X-10) and tw? surface soil
sampling locations (SS-1 and SS-2) within the former teepee burner area. Three
samples, including a surface sample, will be submitted for analysis from:boring X-10.
These samples will be analyzed for acid extractable phenolics compounds, drinking
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water metals, and PCDDs and PCDFs. The surface soil sample from lthis location
will also be analyzed for compounds on the T AI.JfCL lists. Samples frbm locations
SS-1 and SS-2 will be analyzed for acid extractable phenolic icompounds,
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PCDDs/PCDFs, and drinking water metals.
i
Fourteen borings (X-11 through X-14 and X-38 through X-47) will be drilled in areas
I of the plant other than the former lagoon, cellon treating, land treatment and teepee
burner areas to provide site-wide characterization of soil quality. Two samples from
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each of these borings will be submitted for analysis for acid extractable phenolic
compounds. Selection of the samples for analysis will be based bn physical
indications of the constituents of interest as previously described. Fifteen percent of
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the samples, including one sample from borings X-14 and X-46, will be ~nalyzed for
T AI.JfCL constituents. Ten percent of the samples will be analyzed f9r isopropyl
ether. Four soil borings, X-14, X-44, X-45, and X-46, will be located within the
wooded area in the southwest section of the site. \
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Background soil quality data will be collected at four off-site locations (wens C-3, C-9
I and C-11 and boring X-1). Two samples from each background locat/on will be
analyzed for acid extractable phenolic compounds. The surface soil sample from
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boring X-1 will be analyzed for compounds on the T AI.JfCL I lists and
PCDDs/PCDFs. One deeper soil sample from boring X-1 will be su~mitted for
analysis for T AI.JfCL constituents and isopropyl ether. The depth of this sample
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will be chosen by the supervising hydrogeologist and will be selected from a soil
horizon of similar composition to on-site soils. Table 3-2 provides a spil sample
analysis summary.
Portions of the samples not used for chemical analyses will be retained fch physical
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characterization for grain size, moisture and Atterberg Limits. These physical tests
I will be conducted on approximately 20 samples and will include samples from each
DCC #R-448 3-4
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identifiable soil horizon. In addition, approximately three borings will b~ drilled from
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surface to six feet for permeability testing. One of these borings will pe located in
each of these areas; the blowdown pit area, and the gravel filter areas\ as shown on
Figure 3-3, and the landfarm area as shown on Figure 3-4. !
Site plans will be reviewed, if available, to identify the locations of on-site septic
tanks, buried pipes and lines which may provide potential pathways a~d/or sources
for constituent migration. These site plans will also be used to 'confirm the
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approximate location of the septic tank between the office and the fire pond. The
' locations of lines will be confirmed using a metal detector, line trainiri,g device, or
physically by digging. For safety purposes, local utility companies will be contacted to
locate any underground lines in the study area prior to drilling. I
' Sediment sampling will be conducted at the fire pond, Medlin Pond) and along
surface water drainage ditches. Proposed locations are shown on Figur~ 3-1. Since
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previous sediment sampling in the fire pond and Medlin Pond has been: performed
only on a limited basis, a detailed sampling plan of the pond sediments is proposed.
Thirty-two sediment samples from the fire pond and ten sediment sampl~s from the
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Medlin pond will be collected.
' I
Samples from the 2.5 to 5-foot core interval, from each pond sampling location, will
I be submitted for analysis of the parameters listed in Table 3-3A. In addition, eight
samples of the 0-2.5 foot core interval and eight surface samples from th~ Koppers
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fire pond, and three surface samples and two samples of the 0-2.5 foot core interval
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from Medlin Pond will be collected. The number of samples submitted from each
pond sampling location may be increased or decreased depending\ on field I
observations. As noted in Table 3-3A, samples from four locations in the:fire pond
and two locations in the Medlin Pond, from the O to 2.5-foot, 2.5 to 5-foot intervals
I and in some instances the surface sediment, will be analyzed for PCDDs/PCDFs.
I I
I Three sediment samples will be collected from the connecting ditch between the fire
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pond and Medlin Pond, and two samples will be collected from the effiuent stream
from Medlin Pond starting approximately 200 feet downstream from the lpond, at
200-foot intervals. Four samples will be collected from the east diich; one I
background sample will be collected at a location upstream of the site: and the
' remaining three samples will be collected starting at a location approximately 1000
DCC #R-448 3-5
--
Fire Pond &
Medlin Pond
Pniposed
Sediment
Sample
l.,ocatinns
S-2 S-4 S-5 S-7
S-lll,S-'u.S-I 3A
S-14,S-19,S-21
S-4,S-lll,S-IJA
S-4,S-IU,S-IJA
S-4,S-10,S-I JA
':' S-10, S-13A
~ • S-I ,S-3,S-6
S-8,S-9,S-11
S-13,S-15,S-!8
S-20,S-22
S-l ,S-15,S-18,S-22
S-l,S-15,S-!8,S-22
S-l,S-22
S-18
---
No.of
Samples
per Location
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Estimated
No.or
Samples
20
b
6
6
4
22
8
8
4
4
---

-
---I!!!!
TABLE 3-3A
SEIIIMENT SAMPLE ANALYSIS SUMMARY
FIRE POND/MEDLIN POND
Purameter
Acid Extractable
Phenols
PCDD/PCDF
Total Organic
Carbon
lsopropyl Ether
T AL/fCL Compounds
Acid Extrac1able
Phenols
PCDD/PCDF
Total Organic
Carbon
lsopropyl Ether
TAL/fCL Compounds
Analytical
Method
EPA 81140
EPA 8290
EPA 9060
EPA 8020
EPA-CLP
EPA8040
EPA 8290
EPA 9060
EPA 8020
EPA-CLP
Detectiim
Urn it
t'ield
(}uplicale
( I)
Various
IIMI mg/kg
100 ug/kg
(2)
(I)
Various
100 mg/kg
IIXl ug/kg
(2)
2
2
()
()
Field
Blank
2
l/day
0
2
()
I/day
----<JO-----=-gram-s1ze--
-moisture
-sieve hydrometer
-Atterberg limits
liiiiii
0
0
0
Trip
Blank
1/datcookr
bVo a tiles Only)
0
0
0
1/datcooler (Vo atiles Only)
l>QO
Level
II I
V
II
V
IV
Ill
V
II
V
IV
iiiil -

-
-
Comments
When field conditions permi1,
pond sediment sarnpks will be
collected to a depth of
5 feet, with sampks collectt'.d
at each 2.5-foot interval.
When field conditions permit,
pond sediment samples will he
collected from the surface
and the 2.5 to 5.0-foot
interval.
Several pond sediment
samples will be analyzed
for parai:neters to det~r~1ine
the physical charactenst1cs
of tflis matcri.al. The actual
numher (lf samples anal~ed,
and parameters chosen will he
determined in the field by
the s11pt:rvi~ing hyJr~lgcoltlgist
and project gcophysu:al
engineer.
------- - - -- -
l!!'!!!!I
Notes:
(I) EPA Method 8040 Delection Li mils
Phenol
2-Chlorophenol
2-Niirophenol
2,4-Dimethylphenol
2,4-Dichlorophenol 4-Chloro-3-Melhylphenol
50 ug/kg
50 ug/kg
50 ug/kg
50 ug/kg
50 ug/kg
50 ug/kg
TAIILE 3-3A (Conlinued) SEDIMENT SAMPLE ANALYSIS SUMMARY
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
2,4-Dinitnlphenol
4-Nitnlphenol
2,3,S 6-T etrachlorophenol
4,6-0initrn-2-Methylphenul
Pentad1lon1phenol
~2) Refer to Table JA-1 of this Work Plan f<Jr a list of deteclion limits.
One round of sediment sampling will be performed for the above noted parameters.
"" I
V,
<T
HXl ug/kg
IIXl ugfkg
100 ug/kg
HKl ug/kg
HKl ug/kg HKl ugikg
liiiiil -- -
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feet downstream of the background sample. Samples will be collected from five
locations in the western ditch, the same locations as the surface water s1amples. One
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sample will be collected from the wooded area southwest of the sit!!. Sediment
samples will be collected using a trowel and will consist of surface: sediment to
I approximately 6 inches. At each sampling location, three separate samples will be
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collected from areas of deposition (i.e. slow moving water, etc.) and then composited.
' Sediment samples collected for volatile analysis will not be composited; a single
' sample will be collected and submitted for analysis.
Fifteen percent of samples submitted for analysis will be analyzed for TCL and T AL
I compounds. These composite samples will be analyzed for the parame~ers listed in
Table 3-3B. Samples will be collected for !PE analysis at ten percent of the sampling
I locations. Additionally, samples from seven sampling locations will be submitted for
I PCDD/PCDF analysis.
Laboratory and test methods will be in accordance with the Quality: Assurance
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Project Plan (QAPP). Soil and sediment sampling will be conducted in accordance
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with the procedures detailed in Section 5.0. The field data will be report~d using the
"Export Protocol for Toxics Compliance Monitoring Data," as requested by EPA
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Region IV.
If the results of the sediment characterization indicate that the sampling 16cations do
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not delineate the complete impact of the site on surface water systems, either
' vertically or horizontally, further characterization will be proposed as an ~ddendum
I to the Work Plan. 1
3.3 Groundwater Monitoring Wells
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Approximate locations of the proposed wells are shown on Figures 3-Sa land 3-Sb.
Since several of the drilling locations are off-site, approval of property owiiers prior
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to installation will be required. These locations have been selected to complement
the existing wells and provide a thorough characterization of the gro~ndwater
beneath and adjacent to the Morrisville site. Table 3-4 shows the propoJed wells,
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well depths and diameters, and the rationale for implementation. The proposed
wells have been chosen to provide a thorough quantification of groundwater quality
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in the shallow ( 40'), intermediate (70'), and deep (200') water bearing zories. The
'
DCC#R-448 3-6
--
Drainageway
Sample
Locations
S-16A, S-16B, S-17,
S-23 thru S-34
S-16B, S-23
S-16, S-23
S-23,S-25,
S-26,S-3 I, S-34
Notes:
- --
No.or
Samples
per Location
Total
No.or
Samples
15
2
2
5
(I) EPA Method 8040 Detection Limits
--
Parameter
Acid Extractahle
Phenols
Total Organic
Carbon
PCDD/PCDF
- --- -
11!!!1
TABLE3-38
SEDIMENT SAMPLE ANALYSIS SUMMARY
DRAINAGEWAYS
Analytical
Method
EPA 8040
EPA 9060
EPA8290
Detection Field Field
Umit puplicate Blank
(I)
IOOO mg/kg
Various 0 0
0
0
0
!!!I
Trip
Blank
DQO
Level
111
II
V
T AI.JTCL Compounds EPA-CLP (2) I/day I/day/cooler IV
(Volatiles Only)
100 ug/kg
iiiii
Phenol 50 ug/kg
2-Chlorophenol 50 ug/kg
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol __ JOO_ ugikg_ --------------
-IIXI ug/kg
JOO ug/kg
100 ug/kg
100 ug/kg
2-Nitrophenol 50 ug/kg 2,4-Dimethylphi:_nol ___________ -50-ug!kg-------
__ .4-NitrophenoJ--------
------2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol
--2;4•Dichloio·phenol 50 ug/kg
4-Chloro-3-Methylphenol 50 ugikg
4,6-Dinitro-2-Methylphenol
Pentachlorophenol
tZ) Refer to Table 3A-1 of this work r.Jan for a list of detection limits.
One round of sediment sampling will be performed for the above noted parameters.
--
Comments
At each location a
sampk will he
collected from tht:
surface.
At each location a
samph:
will he collected
from the surface.
-
At each location a sample
will be collected from the
surface.
At each location a
sample will be collected
from the surface.
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C-1
-+
C-2
LEGEND 0\\
-1-----+---~ROPOS;D-_SHALL ----
..._ INTERHEDii1fLON AND
I
T -PROPOSED NELL NEST
AND DEEP fltzl~fu//ifERMEDIATE
I
C-3
/ I -llJ
I r-7~'1 a I \ 1
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I I 'D: I ' I _,, I
I
I r I .., I
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c-11
----
SCALE (FEET)
100 0 100 200 300
--
@.~TONE SOURCES • INC.
HEDLIN'S p OND
0
FIBURE 3-!III
PROPOSED NELL RALEIGH/HO~ OCA TION HAP 'RISVILLE
3-6b
l!!!I
\..v
I
°' n
- - -
1
-----------.__ I
I I I
I I I
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'--I I '--,.0.,\: '--'--'f<
.. I
V)
0 C. -" 1. "'
/ /
/
CD -z.
I
I -I
,,.
/ I
I ·, ,· I yv -I
~I I"-
I
--... -~ 3
~.
~i~24H ___ ---;r---e ,z,,#. ,.;, c;
, i.~ I?~\~
, .,, i,fly. ~c...#Z__ .
,q►v"'
s<f , ,,. , ;<I ,
J
PROPOSED SHALLOW INTEf!MEDIATE AND DEEP WELL CLUSTER
PROPOSED DEEP WELL ,
!
' NOT£· ALL LOCATIONS AREj APfROXIMA TE.
----4 5
i MILE
RADIUS
-39J
-40J -41J 43J
-42J I
KEYSTONE
ENVIRONMENT AL RESOURCES, INC.
.. -- -
6
I I I
7
<SJ ·~ ' .
44J 1., J I -.....__., ,c-24
SCALE {FEET)
0 1000 EOOO
FIGURE 3-5b
PROPOSED OFF-SITE
DEEP WELL LOCATIONS
BEAZER MATERIALS E
SERVICES. INC.
FORMER KOPPERS COMPANY
MORRISVILLE SITE
-
H
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N
0
179225-01 D,\TI! 10/2#8.9 REY. 0 85J2650
Well
Number
C-lA
C-1B
C-2A
C-2B
C-3A
C-3B
C-4A
C-5A
C-6A
C-7A
C-8A
Proposed
Depth
40'
70'
40'
70'
40'
70'
40'
40'
40'
40'
40'
C-9A 40'
--C-9B----70'
C-9C 200'
Drilling
Method
NR
R
NR
R
NR
R
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
TABLE3-4
MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION AND RATIONALE
Finished
Construction
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
_ 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
Rationale
Water Quality, Elevations, plume characterization
monitor in direction of flow.
Water Quality, Elevations, plume characterization
monitor in direction of flow.
Water Quality, Elevations, plume characterization
monitor in direction of flow.
Water table wells for ground water elevation.
Shallow water quality through center of plant.
Water table wells for ground water elevation.
Shallow water quality through center of plant.
Water table wells for ground water elevation.
Shallow water quality through center of plant.
Water table wells for ground water elevation.
Shallow water quality through center of plant
and flow and quality beneath fire pond.
Water table wells for ground water elevation.
Shallow water quality through center of plant.
NR 2" Stainless S.teel,_lO~Screen---Groundwater quality;flow·ancrdirection of plume,
R---2"-Stainless Steel, 10' Screen elevation point, effect of church well, core for
RIC 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen bedrock description.
---~:}8~ ----jg:----------
----NR-----2"Stainless Steel; 10' Screen--"Water Quality, Elevations, plume characterization
R 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen monitor in direction of flow.
C-llA 40'
C-11B 70'
C-12A 40'
C-12B 70'
C-12C 200'
NR
R
NR
R
R
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2'' Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, IO' Screen
Water Quality, Elevations, plume characterization
monitor in direction of flow.
Quality at depth, flow and direction of plume,
elevations, deep bedrock character.
Well
Number
C-13A
C-138
C-14A
C-148
C-15A
C-158
C-15C*
C-16C*
C-17C*
"' I C-18C* "' (1)
C-19C*
C-20C*
e021c•
Proposed Drilling
Depth Method
40' NR
70' R
40' NR
70' R
40' NR
70' R
200' R
200' R
200' R
200' R
200' R
200' R
TABLE 3-4 (Continued)
MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION AND RATIONALE
Finished
Construction
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
6" Steel casing grouted in to
80' open hole to TD
6" Steel casing grouted in to
50' open hole to TD
6" Steel casing grouted in to
50' open hole to TD
6" Steel casing grouted in to
50' open hole to TD
6" Steel casing grouted in to
50' open hole to TD.
6" Steel casing grouted in to
Rationale
Groundwater Quality and flow away from fire
pond, groundwater elevations.
Groundwater Quality and flow away from fire
pond, groundwater elevations.
Groundwater Quality and flow away from fire
pond, groundwater elevations.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all flow zones. Plume characterization.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all flow woes. Plume characterization.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all flow woes. Plume characterization.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all flow woes. Plume characterization.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all flow woes. Plume characterization.
50' open hole to TD.
200' R 6" Steel casing grouted in to
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design ______ _
of wells.accesses.all-flow-zones;-Plume-cliaractenzation.
---~---:::-:~~~--~
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
50' open hole to TD. of wells accesses a_!IJ)ow woes._ Plume characterization; ----· ----------------
___ Cs22C~------200' --------R----6"Steel casing grouted in to Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
50' open hole to TD. of wells accesses all flow zones. Plume characterization.
C-23C* 200' R 6" Steel casing grouted in to
50' open hole to TD.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all !low zones. Plume characterization.
C-24C* 200' R 6" Steel casing grouted in to
50' open hole to TD.
Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
of wells accesses all !low zones. Plume characterization.
TABLE 3-4 (Continued)
MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION AND RATIONALE
Well Proposed Drilling Finished
Number Depth Method Construction Rationale
C-25A 40' AIR 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater Quality in the Western section of the site.
C-25B 70' R 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater Elevations.
C-26A 40' AIR 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater Quality in the Western section of the site.
C-26B 70' R 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater Elevations.
C-27A 40' AIR 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater Quality in the former
C-27B 70' R 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen
Lagoon Area, groundwater elevations.
C-28A 40' AIR 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater quality in the former Cellon Treating
Area, groundwater elevations.
C-28B 70' R 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen w
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"' C-29B 70' R 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater quality and flow away from former --,,
lagoon area, groundwater elevations.
C-30A 40' AIR 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater quality in the former land treatment
area, groundwater elevations.
C-31A 40' AIR 2" Stainless Steel, 10' Screen Groundwater quality and flow away from former Cellon
Treating area, groundwater elevations.
C-32C 200' R 6" Steel casing grouted in to Monitor beyond affected domestic wells. Design
50' open hole to TD. of wells accesses all.flow-zones:-Plume·characterization.
------
• Actual total depth will be dependent on the measured depths of.the closest domestic"wells.-----
------------------------
--A-;: -A;ger R = Rotary C = Core
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well locations will also provide information regarding groundwater flo~ conditions at
the site and adjacent areas. Descriptions of surface material~ and wJn construction
details will be documented. This data will also be reported usirig the "Export
Protocol for Toxics Compliance Monitoring Data," as requesteb by EP~ Region IV.
I
Shallow Depth Monitoring Wells
Twenty-one shallow depth monitoring wells will be installed to dept6s of 35 to 40
I
feet, which is approximately 10 feet into the water table. These \wells will be
constructed using 2-inch flush-joint threaded and coupled stainless steel pipe.
Approximately ten feet of stainless steel screen will be installed in eac~ boring and a
coarse silica sand pack will be installed to a point two feet a1bove thh slots in the
screen. Prior to well installation, soil samples will be collecteb from the proposed
screened interval and submitted for sieve and/or hydrometer anhlyses. The results of
these analyses will be utilized to select the proper well screen sldt size fcir the shallow
monitoring wells. This information will be supplied to Region If to su~stantiate the
selection of slot size. At least two feet of pelletized bentonite will be installed above
the sand pack. A minimum of eight hours of hydration time wlll be all~wed before
grout placement. The remaining annular space will be groJted by \tremie tube
methods. A steel protective casing with a lockable cap will be 1installed from three
feet below grade to two feet above grade and will be cemented in\ place. A three-foot
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I diameter concrete anti-percolation ring will also be constructed.
Intermediate Depth Monitoring Wells
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Fifteen intermediate depth wells will be installed using air rotary\ techniq
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ues. An 8-
inch diameter hole will be drilled to approximately 50 feet and a rinch steel welded
joint casing will be set plumb in the well and grouted in place. After th~ grout has
set, drilling will resume to approximately 70 feet using a 5-7/8 in~h bit. Ten feet of
two-inch diameter stainless steel screen (0.010-inch slots) will be \installed with two-
inch riser set to 18 inches above surface. The selection of screen ~lot size! was based
I i on the fact that these wells will be installed into competent bedrock. A sandpack will
be installed to two feet above the screen, with one foot of pelletizJd bento1nite above I I
the coarse sand. The remaining annulus will be grouted to the surfa,ce. Steel
protective casings will be installed similar to the shallow wells.
DCC #R-448 3-7
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Deep Monitoring Wells
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Ten deep monitoring wells, C-15C through C-24, and C-32 are proposed for
installation and are located to circle the site. Deep well lociitions, is shown on
Figure 3-Sb, have been updated based on analytical data fr6m the lmost recent
quarterly domestic well sampling. The locations proposed for ihe deep monitoring
wells may be subject to change in response to the quarterly nlonitoririg of private
wells. The deep monitoring wells will be used to monitor pcitential hontaminant
migration in place of individual off-site wells. These wells will Be consti'ucted much
like the domestic wells of the area except that casing will be set io abou/ 50 feet and I I
grouted into place. The remainder of the well will be open hole construction to a
total depth of about 200 feet, depending on the depth of the\ nearesf potentially
affected domestic well, so that valid comparisons in groundwater quality can be
made. I
Construction of the deep monitoring wells was selected because it gives access to all
discrete flow zones penetrated by average domestic wells and lould n~t overlook
discrete flow zones through which contaminants may migrate. tt is not\ considered
practical to attempt to isolate specific zones because of the large bumber of potential
flow zones available to domestic wells. The proposed well cohstructi6n will also
enable depth discrete sampling, if necessary, at a later date.
Two deep wells, C-12C and C-9C, are also proposed between the Shiloh Baptist
I Church and the former Cellon plant. Construction of well C-12C will be similar to
the other deep wells; however, casing will be set to at least 80 fet!t befor~ the well is
drilled to the total anticipated depth. This will prevent potential Joss-codtamination
of the deeper wells from more shallow zones. These wells \win pr~vide data
necessary to determine the vertical extent and concentrati
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on of \ hazardous
constituents present beneath suspected source areas and in the directioni of flow as
determined from groundwater sampling data. I
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Monitoring well C-9C, closest to the Shiloh Baptist Church, will be constructed by
coring to the total depth of the well. This procedure will involve ~ugerinJ and split-
spoon sampling to water table and rock coring to approximately so\feet at which time
the core rig would pull off of the hole. An air rotary rig, equipped with:an in-line I organic air filter, would ream the hole to 8-inches in diameter, set 6-inch steel welded I
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joint casing to 80 feet and grout the casing in place. Coring would resu~e at 80 feet
and continue to approximately 200 feet. The rock core will 1provide I information
regarding the competence and composition of the bedrock beneJth the site.
Additional geologic information will be obtained from geophylical Jogs run in the
remaining deep wells. Gamma and density logs will be run to brovide ktratigraphic
information. A caliper log will be run to identify large fracture\ zones and
temperature logs will be run to determine the exact depth of Jny zones producing
significant quantities of water. \
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The final construction of these deep wells (C-9C and C-12C) will be sirililar to the
intermediate depth monitoring wells with 2-inch stainless steel screen\ (0.010-inch
slots) and riser, bentonite seals, and grout to the surface. 1
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All water to be used during drilling and well construction. will be obtain~d from the
municipal water supply, which will be sampled during field operktions ahd analyzed
for pentachlorophenol (EPA Method 515), acid extractable pbenolic 1compounds I I (EPA 8040), isopropyl ether (EPA Method 8020) and compounds on the TCL/fAL
I. I 1sts. •
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Disposal of Drill Water and Cuttings
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Rock cuttings will be collected and containerized in roll-off boxes and/or 55-gallon
drums with removable lids. The drums and/or containers will be ~tared ai a location
near the cellon treatment area for future testing, treatment, and/a~ disposJ1.
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Water brought to the surface at all on-site well locations and off-site locatitms C-9, C-
11 and C-16 will be contained, collected, and stored on-site in lafge vessbJs. Water
will be contained in a small, lined pit dug adjacent to the well Io!ation t6 allow the
cuttings to settle before being pumped into a truck for transport /o the stbrage tank
I area. I
I Four alternatives are being evaluated for final disposition of the water.
1) Treatment with activated carbon and surface discharle.
I 2) Treatment with activated carbon and discharge to a POTW.
3) Direct discharge to a POTW.
DCC#R-448 3-9
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4) Off-site disposal.
The final disposal method will be selected based upon water quality reJuits of batch
analysis for pentachlorophenol of the water in each vessel. I
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I No containment of water is proposed at locations C-17, C-18 and C-19 based on the
distance of these wells from the site and analytical results fr6m neaiby domestic
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wells. No water collection is proposed at locations C-15, C-20, €-21 and C-22 based
on domestic well analytical results. i
Since the potential exists for large amounts of water to be produced dJring drilling
from individual wells, physical methods of restricting the flow~ such Js additional
strings of casings, grouting the producing zones, or alternate drilling metJods, may be
employed. I
Well Development and Survey
The primary purpose of development for monitoring wells is to remdve fluids or
foreign material introduced during drilling or well construction. \These Jens are not
intended to be production or water supply wells. In many cases, the wate1r in the well
may never become sediment-free if it is screened in a formation ihat con1tains mostly
fine-grained material regardless of how much water is removed <luring d~velopment.
Development will be accomplished by a combination of surgidg, air-titting and/or
pumping until the water is clear and pH and conductivity have st~bilized! If pH and
conductivity have stabilized and the water is still turbid, devetoJment ~ll continue
until EPA and Keystone field personnel determine that the well tias been1 adequately
developed. Development water will be handled in a fashion simil1r to drifi water.
Each well will also be surveyed to an accuracy of 0.01 foot anl correl~ted to the
existing USGS datum. The survey data will be reported using ttie "Expcirt Protocol
for Toxics Compliance Monitoring Data," as requested by EPA R~gion I~.
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Groundwater Sampling
Two rounds of groundwater sampling will be conducted at the forty_Jight newly
I I installed monitoring well locations and existing well locations M-4 and 1M-9. The
DCC #R-448 3-10
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' I majority of existing monitoring wells are not included in the sampling program due to
their questionable integrity based on lack of documentation of 1construbtion, lack of
detailed boring logs and/or damage. Wells M-4 and M-9 are co~structed of PVC and
are believed to be in sound condition. Based on their proximi~ to sus~ected source
areas and past analytical results, these wells are included in th~ analytical program
only to provide additional data to characterize concentrations df the ccinstituents of
interest within the plume at locations in the vicinity of suspect~d sourJe areas. All I I TAI.JTCL, and PCDD/PCDF data, and data intended to define the fxtent, both
horizontally and vertically, of the constituents of interest will be 6btained from newly
installed monitoring wells. I
Samples from the fifty wells during the first round of sampling lwill be ~ubmitted to
the laboratory for analysis of acid extractable phenolic compo
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unds (9PA Method
8040), isopropyl ether (EPA Method 8020) and pentachlorophenol (EPA Method
515). These samples will also be field tested for pH, specific cond~ctance and
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temperature; I I
Samples from wells C-27A in the former lagoon area, C-28A in the filrmer wood
treating area, C-30 in the former land treatment and well C-4 i? the former teepee
burner area will be analyzed for constituents on the TCL and T AL lists, as well as for
PCDDs/PCDFs. In addition, samples from wells C-25A and cf 26A in jthe western
section of the site will be analyzed for compounds on the 'FCL and T AL lists.
Analysis for metals on the T AL lists will be for both t~tal an1d dissolved I i concentrations of these constituents. A summary of the
sampling and analysis program is presented as Table 3-5.
sampling locations are shown on Figures 3-6a and 3-6b.
proposed groundwater
I I Proposed groundwater
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The first round of sampling will be conducted concurrent with the welll installation
program in order to expedite the completion of the sampling probam anh allow time
for the review of the analytical data, especially the results of the\ T AL/T~L analysis,
to incorporate any necessary changes in the sampling program into the second round.
Development of the second round parameters will not only iJclude t~e selection I I criteria of toxicity, mobility, persistence and prevalence, but also background
concentrations, ARARs and ~ost importantly Phase I analytical Jnd hyd)ogeological
results. Any changes or refining of parameters for analysis will only bel performed
with the concurrence of EPA Region IV. I
DCC#R-448 3-11
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Sample
Location
C-1 lhru C-32,
M-4, M-9
-
C-4, C-27A,
C-28A and C-30
C-4, C-25A,
C-26A, C-27 A, C-28A
and C-30
No<ca:
l!!!!!!!!!I
Samples
Per
Location
(I) EPA Method 8040 Detection Limits:
I!!!!
Estimated
No. of
Sampica
(per round)
50
50
50
50
50
50
4
6
!!!!!!I !!!!I == Iii.ii liilil
TABLE 3-5
GROUNDWATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS
Analytical Detection Field Rinsatc
Parameter Method Limit Duplicate Blank
Acid Extractable Phenolica EPA 8040 ( I) 5
Pentachlorophcnol EPA 515 0.010 ugn 5
lsopropyl Ether(•) EPA 8020 1.0 ugn 5 I
pH EPA ISO.I 0 0
Specific Conductance EPA 120.1 I umho/cm 0 0
Temperature EPA 170.1 0 0
PCDD/PCDF(') EPA 8290 Various
T ALffCL lists(') EPA-CLP (2)
Phenol 0.50 ug/1 2,4,6-Trichlorophcnol l.00 ug/I
2-Chlorophcnol 0.50 ugn 2,4-Dinilrophcnol 1.00 ugn
iiiii liiiiil --
Trip DQO
Blank Level
0 111
0 111
V
0 II
0 II
0 II
0 V
(Volatiles Only IV
2-Nitrophenol 0.50 ug/1 4-Nitrophcnol 1.00 ug/I
-------~2.~,Dimethylphcnol ___________ o.50 ugn-----------'.2;3:5;6-Tctrachlorophcnol------1:00 ugn-----------------
2,4-Dichlorophcnol 0.50 ugn 4,6-Dinitro-2-Methylphcnol 1.00 ugn
4-Chloro-3-Mcthylphenol 0.50 ug/1 Pentachlorophenol 1.00 ug/l
-(2JRefcr to Table 3A-I. -----------------
• First round only. Second round parameters and sample locations
dependent upon results of first round.
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100
SCALE (FEET)
0 100 200
,,... ----,,,,,.
/
--
300
,..... .......... -"'\
/ '
_,
0
Cl
MEDLIN'S POND
--------
FISURE 3-6
PROPOSE!' a '-' MONITO SAMPLING N. 'RING NELL
LO 'ETNORK
RAL CATION MAP
EIGH/MORRISVILLE
A 05048
3-11 b
-
v.>
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- - --.. - -.. -.. ----1 3 4 5 6 7
H .-·
......... ~6 ......
', .. "J
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II/ 13J
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C-21 ,,.-------1
_., .v.Y-. ~ I 'I ~+-=~-7"7-s;
----.,.....--._____ I
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PROPOSED SHALLOW INTERMEDIATE AND DEEP WELL
PROPOSED DEEPIWELL
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NOTE: ALL LOCATIONS ARE APPROXIMATE. ' '
'-------
CLUSTER
<SJ ,,e:.:_:
-~I . I
KEYSTONE
ENVIRONMENT AL RESOURCES, INC.
L
0
SCALE (FEET)
0 1000 2000
FIGURE 3-Sb
PROPOSED OFF-SITE GROUNDWATER
SAMPLING LOCATIONS
BEAZER MATERIALS G
SERVICES. INC.
FORMER KOPPERS COMPANY
MORRISVILLE SITE
J7S2~J OATI! J0/24/89 Rl!'I. 0 85J265J
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Well installation will commence at locations where TCL and TAL analyses will Je
conducted. Samples will be collected approximately one week follo~ng wJn
development. Well development will occur one day following completidn of wJn
installation. The second round of sampling will take place two weeks follbwing t~e
I completion of the well installation program. I
Geochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples
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Groundwater samples collected from the fifty wells included in the analytical I I
program will be analyzed for major cations (sodium, magnesium, potassium, an~
calcium) and anions (chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and carbonate) durin~ the first
round of sampling. The results of these analyses will be plotted on trilinear ~iagraJs
:::;:::i:.e mixing relationships between groundwaters of different 1chemict
I Since these samples will be utilized only for the purpose outlined above, analysis will
be conducted for dissolved concentrations of these constituents in the majority of th~
samples. Ten percent of the samples will be analyzed for total and dissolveb cation~
and anions.
Aquifer Characterization I
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During installation of the monitoring wells and borings, physical infonnatiod
regarding the aquifer will be collected. This will include depths of producin~ zones)
approximate yield, identification of lithology, and any I observations pertinent to1
I groundwater flow, occurrence, movement, and quality. I I
At least three pumping tests will be performed at selected locations to calculate\
groundwater flow rates, volumes and aquifer parameters. Selection of the Jens for I
testing will be determined based on data collected during drilling and resultk of the\
first round of groundwater analyses. Locations for pump testing will be ~elected I
based on groundwater yield, depth of the producing zone(s), lithology, 1f:iuality, !
proximity to other wells and source areas, and unexpected hydrogeologic conditions. \
DCC#R-448 3-12
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Each test will run for 24 hours duration and at least three observati9n wells\will be
selected for each pumping well; however, additional observation wells, if available,
will also be used. Locations of observation wells will be deterdiined p~ior to
conducting the pump test. If possible, observation wells will be ~ituated\ along
fracture traces or perpendicular and parallel to the direction of groJndwater flow.
Water levels will be monitored in any nearby shallow wells to provide data reglrding
the hydraulic interconnection between aquifers. Wells will be m~nitored\ with
continuous recording level measuring equipment, with periodic verificaiion by hand-
held electric measuring devices. Water from pump tests will be stored, treateh, or
discharged. I \
In addition to providing valuable data regarding the aquifer physical characteris\ics,
this data will also be used to determine the effect that plant pumping J.ens and/or
other domestic or commercial wells, may have on local flow systems re~arding ~he
migration of potential constituents. Indications as to whether or not gioundwa1ter
extraction is a viable alternative for corrective action will also be determin~d. \
Slug tests will be conducted in approximately 25 percent of the shlllow aAd
intermediate monitoring wells to determine estimates for hydraulic conduhtivity f~r
these zones. The resultant data from the slug tests will be analyzed by the ciethod df
Bouwer and Rice. I \
Water levels will be measured in all on-site monitoring wells and off-site wells\
installed by BM&S prior to each groundwater sampling event, to evaluate s1easonal \
groundwater elevation fluctuations and flow direction variations. Staff gaugeJ will be\
installed in the fire pond and Medlin Pond. Surface water elevations kll be 1
determined at these locations to define any interaction between groundwat~r and
surface water.
DCC#R-448 3 -13
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4.0 SAMPLE DESIGNATION I
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This section presents the sample identification system established for the Morris..!ille
site. Sample locations will be marked on the sample jars and identified on chaid of
custody sheets and analytical reports by the designations shown on bigures 13-1
through 3-5. Sample matrix will also be marked on the chain of custbdy she~ts.
Sample matrix may also be identified by the prefix of the sample location ~esignat1ion
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as presented below. I
Prefix
SW
X
ss
s
C
M
Matrix
Surface Water
Soil Boring
Surface Soil
Sediment
Groundwater (proposed well)
Groundwater ( existing well)
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At well nest locations a suffix will be added to the well location designation to sigriify
I the depth of the well as detailed below. I
Suffix
A
B
C
Well Depth
Shallow ( approx. 40 feet)
Intermediate (approx. 70 feet)
Deep (200+ feet)
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I An abbreviation indicating the specific area of the site where samples will be
collected will also be included as part of the sample identification system (See FiJre
4-1). The following designations will be used to reference specific areas odhe site:\
Abbreviation
FP
MP
CP
FL
DCC#R-448
Site Areas
Fire Pond
Medlin Pond
Cellon Plant Area (former Treating Plant)
Former Lagoons
4-1
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FORMER LANO FARM AREA
fas\
OFF SITE\._V
NORTH
0 ,,
\ \ I I
cr1uRCrl s,RE.E1
---,,---------•\
'\
----
/ I -lb
I \ 1 I ic, ~11 a
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OFF SITE EAST
®
t' ... ... ,
SCALE (FEET)
0 100 200
,, de? ~ A Q
c::l
,----\: \: /...,......., ........ ..__ ./
FIRE PONO ~
300
~
OFF SITE
SOUTH
® 0
CEMETERY~
------ -
OFF SITE WEST®
-----------· ---
FIBURE 4-t
AREAS OF INVESTIGATION
RALEIGH/MORRISVILLE.
4-la
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LF
OS
TP
EA
WA
Land Farm
Off-site (North, South, East, West)
Tee Pee Burner Area
Eastern Area of Site
Western Area of Site
The following examples combine each component of the sample
system for the specific sample matrices.
I identification
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groundwater sample from Well C-30A = C-30ALLF I
soil boring sample from Tee Pee Burner Area= X-10-TP
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surface water sample from the fire pond= SW-1-FP
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I Other information that will be marked on sample jars and the chain of custody sheet
include the site name, date and time of sample collection, depth lof sample and
parameters to be analyzed. A copy of the chain of custody sheets will be +eluded
with the analytical reports.
Analytical results received from the laboratory will be presented in tabula'r form.
Samples will be identified in these reports by location, depth of samJ1e if applicable
and date collected. This information will be reported using the "Expiirt Prot6col for
I I Toxics Compliance Monitoring Data," as requested by EPA Region IV.
DCC#R-448 4-2
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5.0 SAMPLING EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES
5.1 Surface Water Sampling
5.1.1 Sample/Location Selection
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Two rounds of surface water sampling will be performed with at least a onel month
interval between each sampling event. The proposed sampling locaiions ar~ shown
on Figure 3.1. All surface water samples will be collected prior to the colle~tion of
the sediment samples.
5.1.2 Stream Sampling
The surface water samples collected from: 1) the ditch connecting the fire pJnd and
Medlin Pond, 2) the effluent stream from Medlin Pond, 3) the eJstern d~ainage
ditch, 4) the western drainage ditch, and 5) the drainage ditch from ttie woodbd area
in the southwestern portion of the site, will be collected using ihe proledures
outlined below. I
1.
2.
3.
DCC#R448
In shallow streams (those which can be safely traversed on folot) the
sample containers will be filled directly with the flowihg watet The
flow in the ditches and streams identified in this inve~tigatioJ is low
enough to enable these samples to be collected in this1 mannek The
I I grab surface water samples will be collected at each of the proposed
sampling locations (Figure 3.1) unless insufficient floJ preclu~es the
collection of sample water. Sampling will begin at the most
downstream sampling point and proceed upstream. I
I Samples will be collected at mid-depth in the mid-section or deepest
flow channel of the sampling location. I
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It may be necessary to collect the stream and ditch samples by ising a
stainless steel sheet metal v-notch weir or similar devic~ to dir~ct the
flow into the sample container. If this situation occurs Ja decisipn will
be made in the field by the project scientist/geologist. 'fhe fielq notes
and corresponding documentation will reflect such a decision.
5-1
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4.
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I After the sample water has been collected, samples requiring
preservation will be preserved ( see Tables 6-la and ~ lb for \a list of
parameters specific to this investigation and the specific preservation
and holding times). The sample containers will b~ handl~d, and
shipped according to the sample handling procedJes outiined m
section 6.0. I
I I 5.2 Pond Sampling I
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I Six water samples will be collected from both the fire pond and the Medlin Pond.
These samples will include a shallow sample and a depth sample cohected Jt three
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locations on each pond ( see Figure 3.1 for the proposed sample locations). A:11 pond
sampling will be performed from a floating platform by a two person c~ew. \
DCC#R448
1. The grab samples will be collected just below the surfat of the\ water.
Each individual sampling container will be filled sepaiately fr6m the
2.
I ' same location. Preservatives, if necessary, will be added afier the
I samples have been collected. \
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The second sample from each location will be collected from a\ depth
approximately two-thirds of the distance between the s~rface and the
bottom of the pond. \
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The depth of each sampling location will be determined in
advance using a weighted tape measure or similar1\device. \
Depending on the depth of the pond, either a discrete grab
sampling device, a van duren sampler, or a peristaltic bump
with teflon tubing will be used to collect water sarriples froin the
specific location beneath the water surface. \ \
If a peristaltic pump is used, the field decontamination would
be eliminated as new teflon tubing would be ~sed at\ each
sample location. Care would be taken to regulate\ the spefd of
the pump to reduce the potential for degassing volatile organic
I aromatics if present. i
5-2
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Care will be taken to ensure that the depth samples are
collected from the appropriate depth. \ \
If sampling equipment must be reused, it J,m be
decontaminated in the field using the following Jrocedu)es.
wash with tap water and non-phosphate deterget.
I rinse with tap water 1
dry thoroughly \
rinse twice with pesticide grade hexane I
rinse several times with distilled deionized water \
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6) dry thoroughly and if not used immediately, wrap in fbi! and
I . ·1 I p aslic unli next use.
Wash water and used solvent will stored in designated containers until
sufficient amounts are available for future testing, tre1tment knd/or
disposal. \
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3. All samples will be handled and shipped following the procedures
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outlined in section 6.0. ( see Tables 6-la and 6-lb for a list of
preservatives and sample holding times). \
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4. Field notes will be recorded documenting all · field sampling and
measuring activities. Information such as sample collec1tor, dat~ and
time of sampling, location of sampling point, restlts of \ field
measurements and weather conditions will be included in\ the notes. If
sampling decisions must be made in ihe field due to field condiiions,
this information will also be documented in the field notes\ \ I
5.3 Flow Measuring
I During each of the two rounds of surface water sampling, the flowrate of the ditch
I connecting the fire pond and the Medlin Pond, and the effluent stream will be I
performed. I I
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DCC#R448 5-3
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The following methods may be used to collect the flowrate from these open !channel
flow systems: . \
DCC#R448
1. Time Gravimetric -Two examples include tipping bucket raJ gauge,
2.
3.
4.
and bucket and stopwatch. \
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Practical considerations limit the use of this technique to very low flow I rates, and because of the nature of the measurement, it is no! suited
for continuous measurement. I
Dilution -Flow is measured by determining the degree of dilution of
an added tracer solution by the flowing water. \
I Examples of tracer solution include, radioactive, fluorescent dye and
lithium. \
0 Two general techniques include;
constant rate injection method
total recovery (slug injection)
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Velocity Area -Flow is calculated by determining the meaA flow
velocity across a cross-section and multiplying this by thb flow ~rea at
the point. \
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Hydraulic Structure -This structure includes the use of prima~ and
secondary measuring devices to determine flow. I
o Flow in an open channel is measured through the use: of a
hydraulic structure inserted into the channel which changJs the
I ' level of liquid in or near the structure. With the dimensidns of
the hydraulic structure known, the rate of flow thiough or\ over
the restriction will be related to the liquid level\ in a kjlown
manner. \
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Weirs and flumes are commonly used primary devices. \
Weirs -are a type of dam built across al open ~hannel
which liquid flows over or through some\ type of: notch.
Weirs are classified according to the shape of thei~ notch
. I I ( examples include; rectangular, v-notch, and the
trapezoidal). Each type of the weir has an ass6ciated
characteristic equation for determining the flol. rate
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through the weir. \
Flumes -are specially shaped open channel flow ~.ection
providing a change in the channel area and/or\ slope
which results in an increased velocity and change lin the
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level of the liquid flowing through the flume. A typical
fl . f h . 1) I . 1 • ume consists o t ree sections: a converging section,
2) a throat section, and 3) a diverging secti6n. Exabples
I of the most commonly used flumes are the Parshall
Flume, and the Palmer-Bowlus Flume. \
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A secondary measuring device is used in conjunction with the
primary measuring device to measure the rate of /iquid fl6w in
an open channel. The secondary measuring de~ce haJ the
following purposes: \ \
to measure the liquid level in the primary measJring
device; . \ \\
to convert this liquid level into an appropriate flow rate
according to the known liquid leveVflow ~ate
relationship of the primary measuring device1, a totalked
volume can be determine from this flow rate.
Other types of flow measuring devices include;
Float
Dipping Probe
Electrical
Ultrasonic
Bubbler
Submerged Pressure Transducer
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Documentation I
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All field notes and measurements will be recorded, summarized, and presJnted at
the completion of the study. Care is taken to ensure the accurat~ record/ng and
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interpretation of all data gathered.
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Field conditions will dictate the device which will be used to measure the flmkate in
I the ditch and the effluent stream. Flowrate information may not be obtainable if the
flow in the ditch and/or the stream is minimal. Should this occur the \field nJ,tes will
document the low flow conditions and the attempts to measure the flow in these
streams. \
5.4 Sediment Sampling
Sediment sampling will be conducted at the fire pond, Medlin Pond, and\ along
surface water drainage ditches. Proposed locations are shown Jn Figure 3-1.
Sediment sampling of the ponds will be accomplished from a floating p1Jatform.1 Core
samples will be collected in the following manner. A section of 4-iiich flush-joint
PVC pipe will be set to the pond bottom sediments. Samples will be secuied by
pushing a stainless steel Shelby tube, through the PVC pipe, into the sehiments 1at the
bottom of the pond. Care will be taken so that the sample which is collected hhs not
contacted the PVC pipe. While withdrawing the sample, the pipe will\be pustjed or
driven into the sediments to the depth of the previous sample interval. The next
sediment sample will then be taken in a fashion similar to the first saciple. sJrface
sediment samples will be collected using a ponar sampler. Sediment sJmples Jin be
mixed thoroughly before being placed in sample containers. The\ soil will be
contained in new glass containers with screw type lids. The sampling equipmedt will
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be thoroughly washed between each use in soapy water, followed by J clean water
rinse, and rinses with hexane and distilled deionized water. The sedidient sadiples
will be handled, preserved, and shipped in accordance with the U.S. EP\A., Regidn IV
I SOPQAM (see Tables 6-la and 6-lb). i
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DCC#R448 5-6
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5.5 Soil Sampling
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Soil sampling will be conducted using split-spoon sampling techniques and hollow-
stem augers. Samples will be taken continuously in two foot increm~nts to Jedrock
or the water table, whichever is first encountered. Weather~d bed~ock is
encountered at approximately 10 feet in the former lagoon and wood treatink areas
and within five feet of the surface in the former landfarm area. Auge) or split[spoon
refusal (blow counts greater than 50 over 6-inches) will be used to !determine the
bedrock surface and the termination depth of the boring if encount~red abd,ve the
water table. Depth of groundwater is generally within ten feet of the \surface\in the
lagoon and treating areas and fifteen feet of the surface in the landfarm area'. The
split-spoon will be thoroughly washed between each use in soapy water) follow~d by a
clean water rinse, and rinses with hexane and organic free water. DoJnhole Jrilling
equipment will be decontaminated between boring locations by ~he fo116wing
procedure.
Rinse with tap water.
Dry thoroughly.
Rinse twice with hexane. I
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Rinse several times with distilled deionized water. \
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6) Dry thoroughly and cover equipment unless it will be used immedi~tely
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Equipment used for the drilling of borings for monitoring well installation will be
subject to the same decontamination procedure between well locationk. All ~inse
water and solvent will be stored in designated containers for futhre tesiing,
treatment, and/or disposal. I \
Physical appearance of the soil, including odors or other unusual findings, will' be
noted. The soils will be field classified by the supervising hydrogeologist akcordin~ to
the Burmeister System. A chart of descriptive terms for the Bumleister Soil
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Classification System is included as Appendix A of the November, 1989 Final Work
Plan. \
DCC#R448 5-7
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If possible, augering will continue to the specified depth of the shallow wells \for well
construction. All soil brought to surface will be contained in new ~ass co/itainers
with screw type lids, labeled, and stored on-site. Sample preservlition, shlpment,
handling, and chain-of-custody procedures will be conducted in accoidance J,;th the I I methods described in Section 6.0 and the U.S. EPA Region IV SOPQAM (see
Tables 6-la and 6-lb ). If the borings are not used for monitoring we1ll const~ction,
they will be filled from the bottom to the surface with a neat cement gr6ut mixture.
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S.6 Groundwater Sampling I
Prior to implementing a groundwater monitoring program several tasks mhst be
performed. Sample bottles and equipment are cleaned and pac~aged f6r the
required sampling. The laboratory is notified of incoming samples t6 prepa~e for
holding times of specific samples. All of the sampling equipment requAed to cbllect,
contain, preserve, filter (if necessary), and ship the samples is Jackaged and
organized to allow efficient operation in the field. Field decontaminati6n equiJment
is also prepared to enable this work to be performed if required. All \ground~ater
samples will be preserved, handled, and shipped in accordance with the U.S. \EPA
Region IV SOPQAM (see Tables 6-la and 6-lb). \
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S.6.1 Sample Bottle Preparation I
The preparation of containers for groundwater samples is dependent upon the Les
of analyses which will be performed on the samples. Three general type~ of analyses
are performed on groundwater samples: (i) conventional pollutants, tu) metkllic
pollutants, (iii) volatile organic and semi-volatile organics. The piotocols \ for
preparing the bottles for each type of analysis are discussed below. I
Conventional Constituents \
1. Use new bottles with screw-type lids. I
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2. Prelabel and preserve (where appropriate) all bottles prior to shipment.
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3. Place bottles in suitable shipping packages, for example, ice chests
adequate packing to reduce bottle breakage (see section 6.0). '
DCC#R448 S-8
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Metallic Constituents
1.
2.
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New polyethylene containers are used with plastic screw type poly~thylene
The cleaning procedures for each new container are as follows:
lined lids.
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Rinse container with 1:1 nitric acid
Rinse container with distilled deionized water two times.
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Rinse container with 1: 1 HCL. I :
Rinse container thoroughly with distilled deionized water four ti/nes.
Each container is thoroughly dryed, capped and stored f6r use. I
3. All containers are prelabeled prior to shipment.
!
4.
5.
6.
7.
Once samples are collected, nitric acid is added to preserve the sample at a
pH of 2.0 or less.
The preserved samples are then
temperature of 4 degrees Celsius.
placed in ice chests and cooled I to a
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Before the cooler is sealed a chain of custody sheet is completed for leach
cooler containing samples.
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Each cooler is sealed, with chain-of-custody tape or tag, and shilped
overnight to Keystone's analytical laboratories for analysis.
Semi-Volatiles
1. New narrow neck amber bottles are used with a teflon lined lid.
DCC#R448 5-9
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The cleaning procedure for each new bottle is as follows:
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Rinse with pesticide grade isopropanol.
Air dry in laboratory hood .
Dry with pure nitrogen .
Prelabel Sample Containers.
Pack all bottles securely in ice chests.
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Each cooler containing samples must have a completed chain of custodt sheet
for the bottles contained inside. I \
The coolers should then be sealed, with chain-of-custody tape or tag, and
' shipped overnight to Keystone's laboratories for analysis. I
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Volatile Organic Aromatics (VOAs) I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Wash vials and septa with non-phosphate detergent and hot tap water. \I
Rinse three times with pre-filtered tap water.
Rinse again with distilled deionized water.
Oven dry containers and closures at 105° Centigrade for one hour.
Re-assemble bottles and closures.
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The cleanliness of a batch of precleaned bottles is verified by the use of~ trip bl~nk.
The trip blank is prepared by filling a batch of precleaned bottles with distilled
deionized water. The bottles are transported to the site and returAed to ihe
laboratory in the same manner used for the samples. The trip blank is stbjected to
the same analyses as the samples. Any contaminants found in the trip blarik could \be
attributed to a) interaction between the sample and the container, b) coJtaminated
distilled deionized water, or c) a handling procedure which alters the sadiple. O~e
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DCC#R448 5-10
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I trip blank per sampling event is collected. In addition, one trip blank is placed in
each cooler that contains samples for volatile organics. \
S.6.2 Equipment Preparation Procedures
Bailer and Funnel Preparation
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2.
All stainless steel hailers and porcelain buchner funnels are lab~ratory
cleaned and prepared after each use by following the procebures o~tlined
~~= \
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
Wash with non phosphate detergent.
Rinse with tap water three times.
Soak for five minutes in a 10% nitric acid solution.
Rinse with distilled deionized water four times.
Rinse with pesticide grade hexane.
Dry using pure nitrogen.
Heat for one hour at 800 degrees Fahrenheit.
Cool to room temperature.
Wrap with aluminum foil (shiny side out).
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A separate laboratory-cleaned stainless steel bailer is used to purge \ and
sample each well. All miscellaneous equipment such as shovels, 1soil trowels,
and stainless steel parts of other pieces of equipment are clean~d using\ the
procedures A) through F) outlined above, and wrapped with alJminum \foil
and plastic. \
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The equipment cleaning procedures use pesticide grade hexane rinses to ensure the
thorough decontamination of the sampling equipment. After the solvent\ rinses, the
stainless steel equipment is placed in a heating oven for at least one hour at 800 I I
degrees fahrenheit. This is performed to ensure the removal of residual solvent fr6m
the stainless steel sampling equipment. If equipment can not be placed in ihe oveci it
is blown dry with pure nitrogen to ensure the removal of residual solvent. I \
To verify that no contaminants are introduced from sampling equipment, a field
(equipment) blank is collected by filling or pumping distilled deionized watJr throuJh
DCC#R448 S -11
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the sampling device and analyzing the water for the compounds of intereJt. One
field ( equipment) blank is collected each day sampling is performed. \
I As per EPA Region IV guidance, all work plans, and field sampling plans reference
these cleaning procedures. These cleaning procedures and the pro~edures 1,used in
the field, will be referenced in the field notes. I
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\ Bladder Pump Preparation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Each tubing line set is dedicated for use on one well only. The sets of\tubing
are packaged securely and marked for future use on the 1corresponding
dedicated wells.
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Each pump should be disassembled according to the manufacturer's mahual.
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The stainless steel parts of each pump are cleaned using the methods oJtiined
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in section 5.6.2 A) through F). 1
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The remaining parts of each pump are washed with non-phosphate dete}gent,
and rinsed with distilled deionized water. \
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Each pump is reassembled, wrapped in aluminum foil (shiny side \out),
covered with plastic, and stored for future use. \
S.6.3 Water Level Measurement \
I There are several methods used by Keystone when measuring the water levels of
wells. The following methods are listed in order of preference. Preferied methods
will obtain accurate water level and depth measurements, will be eas~ to
I I decontaminate, and will eliminate the chance of cross contamination.
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Regardless of the method of water level measurement, the upgradient well(s) should
be measured prior to the downgradient. When performed in conjuhction tth
decontaminating the measuring device
contamination will be further reduced.
I I between wells, the potential for cross
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DCC#R448 S -12
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All water level measurements are taken from surveyed points on each well casing
and measured to an accuracy of .01 feet.
Interface Probe
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Interface probes are commonly used to detect the presence of any tlo
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immiscible layers. However they can also be used to detect the water level~ inside
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2.
3.
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The probe should be lowered slowly inside each well. When water is d~tected
the probe will make a beeping noise to signify the beginning of 1the wat~r level.
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determine the water level.
If a solid tone is heard, continue lowering the probe ( observing the calibrated
drop line) until the steady tone stops. The measurement ori the dr6p line
I between when the steady tone began and when it stopped will determine the
! thickness of the light phase immiscible layer. i
The procedure as described above can be used to determine the pr~sence
(and thickness) of layers of dense phase (sinking) immiscible la~ers. \ I i
All measurements should be recorded to the nearest one hundredth of\a foot
(.01). I
The probe is decontaminated between each well by wiping it with a\ cloth I I
containing distilled deionized water. If visible contamination is present the
probe will be wiped with a cloth containing pesticide grade heJane, followed
by several wipes with a cloth containing distilled deionized water! I
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Electric Probe Method
1.
DCC#R448
Lower the weighted probe into the well casing (when the probe contacts
water it will send a pulse to the above ground gauge which will iJ record~d by
a movement of the gauge stick) and observe the calibrated 1drop liite to
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determine the water level. I
5-13
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2. Mark the point on the cable at the surveyed point on the well, when th~ probe
is touching the water. Measure the distance from the mark \10 the l~st foot
mark and add this measurement to it to determine the water level. I
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3. The probe is decontaminated between each well by wiping it with la cloth
containing distilled deionized water. If visible contamination is pres~nt the
probe will be wiped with a cloth containing pesticide grade hAxane, f6llowed
by several wipes with a cloth containing distilled deionized watJr. \
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5.6.4 Well Purging i
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All monitoring wells are purged prior to sample collection. Wells will be purgJd until
at least three casing volumes of water are removed from each well o~ until the pH,
conductivity and temperature of the purge water has stabilized pri<lr to sarhpling.
The pH, conductivity and temperature field measurements will be recbrded fJr each
well included in the sampling program. The final measurement recor~ed during the
purging process, to verify the stabilization of the water, shall be donsider~d the
record for the well. If a well is purged dry, sufficient time must Je allo;ed for
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To calculate the amount of water to purge from each well the depth of stlnding
water must be measured using one of the above noted procedures. rh additibn the
casing diameter of each well must be known. These measurements, !1ong wi1th the
following appropriate numbers, must be inserted into formula 1.0, to ~etermihe the
I specific conversion factor to be used on each size well. I
Gallons of H2O per Linear Foot of Casing Diameter:
DCC#R448
1.5" = 0.1057
2.0" = 0.1623
4.0" = 0.6613
6.0" = 1.5003
5 -14
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Top Filling Stainless Steel Bailer Volume (per ft of bailer)
1 1/8" = 300 mis
1 1/2" = 425 mis
3.0" = 1850 mis
Formula 1.0
Gallons of H2O/linear ft. of casing diameter x 3785 (mis/gal) X3
volume of bailer
= conversion factor for each well being sampled
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The conversion factor must be multiplied times the depth of standing water in each
well to determine the number of bails which must be purged from dach we/,1. The
following conversion factors are listed for the well diameters listed belbw: \
Well Diameter 3 Casing Voluje Conv~rsion
I 4.001 I
4.3363 I
4.0589 I
9.2086
1.5"
2.0"
4.0"
6.0"
S.6.4.1 Purgjng and Sampling Methods
Wells are purged and sampled by either hand bailing or pumping.
When possible all samples are collected using bailers. Hand bailing for s~mple
collection is preferred because bailers can be decontaminated much fuore ca~efully
than pumps. Also since pumping rates are difficult to control and sine~ most ~umps
operate through a pulsating action the potential degassing of v~latile o~ganic
concentrations may occur. I
DCC#R448 S -15
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Bailing I
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I The following procedures are followed when wells are purged and
extracted using hand hailers.
samples
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are
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
DCC#R448
Place plastic sheeting ( or garbage bags) around the well casing to create a
clean surface for the placement of sampling cord and equipmeht. \
Use a separate laboratory cleaned stainless steel bailer on eLh well for the
required purging and sampling.
Use new surgical or nitrile gloves when working on each well.
Use new nylon cord to tie on each bailer.
•
•
•
Make sure the knotted cord is securely tied to the baile\ I
After removing the protective foil wrapping from the bailer, lower it
into the well until it touches the bottom. \ \
Remove an additional length of cord and tie it securely to the well
head to serve as a safety line for the bailer. I
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When raising the bailer the cord is collected on the plastic sheeting.
All purged groundwater will be collected and stored for \future
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treatment and/or disposal.
Separate laboratory-cleaned stainless steel bailer is used to collect samples
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from each monitoring well.
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Samples are collected when the well recharges after purging. I
All samples are collected according to their order of vol~tilizatiqn (see
Table 5-1). \ [
All volatile organic samples will be collected with laboratory cleaned
bottom filling stainless steel hailers in conjunction witJ an eJptying
device. I
5 -16
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TABLE S-1
ORDER OF VOLATILIZATION
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Water samples are collected accord!11g to the following order of volatiljtion as
referenced m the September, 1986 RCRA TEGD: I
o Volatile Organic Aromatics (VOAs) -No air bubbles
o Total Organic Halogens (TOX) -No air bubbles
o Total Organic Carbon (TOC) -No air bubbles
o Semi-Volatile Organics
o Total Metals
o Dissolved Metals
o Total Phenols
o Cyanide
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There is not an order of preference for the collection of the remaining convjntional
parameters. I J
• The water samples to be analyzed for radionuclides should be collected last at
each sampling point.
DCC#R448 S-16a
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8.
• When sampling all hailers should be gently lowered into the well to
prevent degassification of volatile organic constituent~ which ;may be
present in the well water.
The remaining sample containers will be filled according to their orderlof
I ·1· · I vo at! 1zat10n.
Pumping
P>J; noted above, when possible, pumps are not used to sample wells. Howevet, there
. h ff . . d . I h b1 ·1 are circumstances w en pumps are more e ective purgmg eVJces t an a1 ers.
Also, in some instances pumps are the only means by which samples c1n be eidracted
from monitoring wells. \
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There are several pumps which Keystone frequently uses to perform field wor{
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Peristaltic Pump:
Peristaltic pumps must be operated above ground next to the well being purged and
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are limited to purging depths of 20.0 to 30.0 feet below ground surface. ·
1.
2.
New nalgene suction line is used on each well being purged. New silicon
' pump head tubing will also be used if the pump is utilized for sampling. I
If a peristaltic pump is used to collect a sample, e.g., the well lasing J bent
preventing the passage of a bailer, the choice of tubing used 1to colle~t the
sample will be contingent on the parameters of interest. I
•
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I For example, if conventional parameters are being analyzed then
standard nalgene tubing is sufficient to collect the sample.\
If volatile, semi-volatile, or metals parameters are the constituents of
interest, teflon tubing is used to collect the sample. i
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3. The suction line should be lowered to a depth in the water column to assure
continued collection should drawdown of the water column occurl
DCC#R448 5 -17
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4.
s.
6.
7.
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To determine the proper amount of water to be purged, the pump1g rate
should be measured in gallons per minute by recording the tilne req~ired to
fill a selected volume of a calibrated bucket (see Section \s.6.4 op Well
Purging). Flow measurements should be performed three times on ea1ph well
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to obtain an average rate.
Monitor the pumping to ensure proper pump operation and 1
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assure
continuous discharge. If drawdown occurs lower the tubing d~eper irito the
water column.
I When the required amount of water is purged from each well allow for
I sufficient recovery before sampling. 1
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Contain all purge water in labelled containers for future testing, treaJment,
and/or disposal. All tubing is disposed of after each use. \
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Bladder Pumps: \
The bladder pump is a gas operated positive displacement submersible well iump
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that uses inert compressed gas, e.g., nitrogen, to inflate an internal bladder which
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pumps water up the discharge line. \
These pumps are used when large volumes of water must be purged from monithring I I
wells. Usually these pumps are used on wells with diameters greater than 2.0", and
. I wells with depths up to 150 feet. I
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The line assembly is dedicated for use on one well only. After use the tubi~g is
I I wrapped in a spool, marked, and stored for future use in the specific well to which it
is dedicated. \
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The bladder pumps are primarily used to remove the required amount of water from
the monitoring well prior to sampling. When this is accomplished the Jen watbr is
sampled using a laboratory cleaned stainless steel bailer. \
I 1. Connect the line assembly to the pump by first attaching the cable and then
connecting the sample and gas lines.
DCC#R448 S -18
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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9.
Lower the pump down the well by unrolling the line off of the spool until the
pump touches bottom. Raise the pump to the desired positiob inside
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the well
allowing sufficient room for drawdown of the water column. I
Secure the cable to hold the pump at the desired depth.
Connect the gas line to the control box. The discharge line should b~. placed
in a container ( e.g. 55 gallon drum) to collect the purged water\
Connect the gas supply to the control box and adjust the pressle according to
the manufacturer's manual. \
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Turn on the control box and adjust the inflate delay to obtain the best
pumping cycle.
The pumping rate should be calculated to determine the length of time the
pump should run to purge the well. Field measurements of pH and ~pecific
conductance, or the calculation of three casing volumes (see1 formul~ 1.0),
may be used to determine when a sufficient amount of water ha~ been Jurged.
When the sufficient amount of water has been purged the len shotd be
sampled using a laboratory cleaned stainless steel bailer.
As noted, the tubing is used on one well only and after each sampling it is
packed, sealed, and stored for future use on that well. I
Submersible Pumps:
When wells are encountered with depths greater than 150 feet, submersible Jumps
are used to purge the required amount of well water. When possible th~ subme
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rsible
pumping apparatus is pulled to allow for sampling with a laboratory cle!ned stainless
steel bailer. If this is not feasible the submersible pump will remain intakt and ~II be I used to collect the sample. 1
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DCC#R448 5 -19 I
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When economically feasible the submersible pumps will be dedicated to eash well.
However, in some cases this is not ec_onomically feasible and the same\pump rust be
used in several wells. Every effort will be made to ensure that these pumps are used
in wells containing similar concentrations of constituents of concern.I A puip will
not knowingly be used in a dirty well prior to use on a clean well. \
When the pumps must be reused, they will be steam cleaned between wells. If
I I possible, the pumps will also be taken apart and cleaned. The stainless steel parts
will be cleaned following procedures A) through F) in section 5.6.2. hie re~aining
I parts will be washed with non-phosphate detergent and rinsed with distilled
deionized water. The pumps will be reassembled and covered until the next ust
1. The submersible pump should be lowered to a depth in each well betweln the I I
middle to bottom screened portion of each monitoring well. 'The safety line
should be secured to the well casing. \
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I 2. Connect the power cord to the power source (generator) and turn on the
pump.
3. Continue to monitor the pumping rate and lower the line if drawdown ~f the
water column occurs.
4.
5.
If the well is pumped to dryness allow ten minutes for the well to recover.1
After this period the pump should be re-started and the toLl discjarge
volume should be measured to determine the rate of recharge. \
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6. Collect and contain all purged water in labelled containers for future te~ting,
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treatment, and/or disposal. I I
I 5. 7 Sample Filtration !
I Filtering will not be performed on samples to be analyzed for organics. 0nly
inorganics will be filtered as outlined in the approved Work Plan. Sp~cific to \this
investigation, groundwater samples will be designated in the field for\ analysis of
dissolved metal concentrations. However, per the request of EPA Region IV, ~on-
\
DCC#R448 S -20
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filtered samples will be maintained as the samples of record. The filtering of these
samples will be performed at the project site using .45 micron filter pJper.
Filtering is performed using either vacuum pumps with funnels, or plristaltid pumps
with disposable funnels/filters. If using the vacuum pump methdd a 1ad,oratory
cleaned funnel is used for each well. Funnels are cleaned in the laboiatory uJing the
procedures outlined in section 5.6.2. If using the peristaltic pum~ methdd, new
silicone tubing is used in the pump head of these pumps with teflon 1tubing iunning
from the pump to the disposable filter. Whether using the vacbum pJmp or
peristaltic pump methods all samples are filtered through .45 micrcln filter \paper.
After filtering, samples requiring preservatives are preserved and all \contain~rs are
securely placed in coolers and chilled to a temperature of 4 degrees
1
celsius.\ Each
cooler containing samples will contain a completed chain-of-custody form or t~g (see
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~00~~-\
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5.8 Safety Precautions
When in the field performing sampling work all personnel will comply with th6 EPA
established level D safety precautions. This includes wearing long sleeve shirtJ, long I ,
pants, goggles or safety glasses, hardhats, steel toe boots, and safetr gloves. In
addition Keystone's Health and Safety officer will determine, iJ advanbe, if
additional safety equipment is required, for example tyvek suits, and/or ~espirat6rs.
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I 5.9 Documentation I
I
A number of documents must be completed before, during, and after each sampling
project. These documents include analytical request forms, chain of cJstody stleets,
field data sheets and any project notes pertaining to the sampling war~. Addit\onal
I I documents are used as reference information during each phase of a project and' they
include holding time sheets, and sample preservation and containment sheets. \
I
Analytical Request Form: \
The analytical request forms (See attachment 1) are completed by the pr~ject
engineer/scientist and submitted to the sampling team when requesting sampling
work. These sheets contain the specific parameters of interest foi which the
DCC#R448 5 -21
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collected samples will be analyzed. The field team coordinator sends the request
forms directly to the sample control department to notify the laBoratory\ of the
incoming samples. If the field team is not used to collect the saihples tlien the
engineer or scientist requesting the work is responsible for providing this infoArtation
to the laboratory. \
Chain of Custody Sheets:
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When the field team sends samples to Keystone's analytical laboratories, each ice
chest containing samples must be accompanied by a chain of custbdy fonh ( see
attachment 2). These forms contain information pertaining to the sa~ples st\ch as:
the project name, the name of the people collecting the sample~, the ~ite of
collection, the date and time of collection, the parameters of int~rest foi each
sample, remarks or observations of samples if appropriate, the siJiature bf the
person relinquishing control of the samples and the name of the carrie1r shippihg the
samples to the laboratory (e.g. Federal Express, Purolator, etc.). The 1original\chain
of custody sheet is sent with the samples, one copy is kept with the Jlient and the
other copy is stored in Keystone's field team files.
\
I Field Data Sheets: I
The field data sheets (See attachment 3) serve as a field logbook for informltion
pertaining to each specific project. The basic project information such\as the ~ame
of the project, the date of sampling and the name of the people collecting the
I ' samples is contained on these forms. These forms are specifically designed for the
collection of samples from groundwater monitoring wells. Information ~ertaini~g to
the wells being sampled is recorded on these forms. Observations are lnade oJ the
integrity of the wells being sampled and the physical characteristics of ~he wat~r in
h II If . . b 1· .. . Id I 1· t e we s. representatives are on-site to o serve samp mg acllvilles an or to sp 11
samples, the names, positions and departments of these people is noted 6n the stleet.
The original copy of the field sheets is stored in the project files of Key~tone's field
team. One copy is kept with the client and the remaining copies are\ sent to\ the
Keystone personnel involved with the project. Data generated from the field
investigations will be reported using the "Export Protocol for Toxics CompiiJnce
Monitoring Data," as requested by EPA Region IV. \
DCC#R448 S -22
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Project Notes: I
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Information specific to each project is written on computer generated printohts (See I I attachment 4 ). These sheets are used by the field team members to prepare \for and
to perform the work required to successfully complete the sampling p~oject. \
Additional Documents:
Tables 6-la and 6-lb contain the holding times, and protocol for proper preservation
and containment of water and soil samples (Reference Septembei 1986, ~CRA
I I TEGD, EPA SW-846 2nd Edition 1982 and U.S. EPA Region IV SOPQAM). All
laboratory procedures and test methods will be consistent with and indorporatb all of
the requirements which are set forth in the EPA Region IV support bianch Stindard
Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual. All sample 1collectiJn and
handling procedures will be consistent with those outlined in the Field ~amplirig Plan
(FSP) and the U.S. EPA Region IV SOPQAM. I
I
This information enables the field team to properly preserve samples and it pr~vides
the field team with a time table of when samples must be received by ihe labobtory
for analysis within the recommended EPA holding times. \
DCC#R448 5 -23
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ATTACHMENT 1
ANALYTICAL REQUEST FORM
~ equest "." ai<en By: ----------I ~eques1 Cate: I
?ro1101 '-Jnao-,r-: ~i-----c:ient: -------------c:ient c~ntac:: reJtQncne: \ Aooress:
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Start Datt: \
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' Tele~cn•: I
I No.o, MATRIX ANALYTICAL PAAAMITIAS I TUANAAOUND SAMPLES
TIMI, DAYS I
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' .,,uCATIOH: o NPCU o sowA a RcAA o ~
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\ a Otfter
Spedal lnlWCIIOnl: --------------+---+! __ _
REl/.0
5111 5-24
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--------l~x~~ CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
\Tl
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"' \Tl
PLANTCODE I PROJECT NAME
SAMPLERS
(Signalure}
STA. NO. DATE TIME
Relinquilhed by: (Sign,itu,.)
Relinquilhed by: (Si(/MIUM)
C • .. 0 • • STATION LOCATION • • l • • l
Dale Time _R_ by: (Slgnalu,-)
Dale Time -by:(Slf/Mlure)
------
NUMBER
OF
CONTAINERS
·Rollqulahea by: (Sigtwuro) Date
Retiqullhed by: (Slf/Mluro) Date
__!leliquilhed by: (S/flnaturo)-----Dal•--Time ·Recelvecflor Laboratory by: (Signature) Dale I Time Ice Chest Temp
oc • DISTRIBUTION: Original eccompenia ahip.-.t; Copy to Coordlnalor Field FIIN.
-----
~
~
i::: .§' REMARKS OR
l OBSERVATIONS ~ 8 Q
.. .... .... .. n
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"'
Time -by: {Si(/lwUf9)
Time Received by: (Slgnatu,-) --·----
Ice Olest O..in of Cuatodv
# Tag#
PAGE __ QF_
-------------- -----«.ns'IOIQ. a■v1aOllfaftAL ~acas. 111C.
FIELD DATA SHEET FOil GROUNDWATER S/IIIPLING
PLANT:
DAT■ 0, 111:LL l.&ftl..S 1 SAMPLED BY:
DAR OP SAIIPLIIIC: I . . WEA1tt1:R:
WeU Depth of Sile ~lhlo llq,th ol -Ory •• No. Tinae D~ W.U(fl) H;iO in H;zO in lin.l llac ...... or S.ils -ln-~lu lleai.urt!'menls WeUUd WellUd R-of B.aib pl I acldoiopl R «:un~ku:tiwily
Te __
(uni I~) fom~/r.lAJ (C•)
u,
' ... N "' .
SITE NO. OIISEM YA TIONS
.
. . --
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Revised:
Plant Name:
Charge#:
Copy Reports To:
Turnaround;
Sampling Dates:
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AlTACHMENT 4 I
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EXAMPLE I
ABCDE I
111111-11-11 I
I
R-1, R-7, R-8, R-8B, R-9, R-9C, R-9D, R-10, SF-1, SF-2, SF-3, SF-4
X. Smith, Y. Smith, Z. Smith i
Normal I
Quarterly I
The following is a list of parameters for which samples are analyzed:
Field Meas.
pH(4X)
Cond.( 4X)
NaHS04
TOC(4X)
NOTES:
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EPA8310 I
I EPA8040 I
Tox(4X) I
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TOC, TOX, pH, and Cond. get replicated 4x for all wells.
• prepare an additional TOX bottle for all wells being replicated 4x.
DO NOT FILTI;;:R ANY PARAMETERS.
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE COPY OF A COMPUTER GENERATED PRINTOU'if.
I
DCC#062
5·27
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6.0 SAMPLE HANDLING AND ANALYSIS
6.1 Parameters of Interest and Sample Container Requirements
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The specific parameter of interest for the investigation at the MoLsville site are
contained in Table 6-la. Included in this table are the preser-Jation diethods
required for specific samples, and the cleaning procedures used wheh prepating the
sample containers. The sample container cleaning procedures arJ elabor1ated in
Section 5.6.1. Table 6-lb contains the holding times for each p.lramete~. This
information will be used by the analytical division and the field te.lm me~bers to
ensure proper communication regarding the collection and arrival o~ sample~ in the
laboratory.
All of the sampling, handling, and chain of custody procedures will be perfoimed in
accordance with the U.S. EPA Region IV SOPQAM. !
6.2 Sample Handling
At the conclusion of each sampling day, all of the collected samples are orlanized
and re-checked for the proper labelling, sample location, and specific! paramJters of
interest. During this process the samples are carefully packaged i~ ice chJsts for
shipment to the laboratory for analysis. Each ice chest containing sadiples is packed
with ice to chill the samples to approximately 4 degrees celsius. I
6.3 Chain of Custody and Shipment fJf Samples
During the packaging of the samples specific chain of custody
followed. These procedure include:
o sample labeling
o chain of custody form
o chain of custody tag
DCC#R448 6-1
I procedures
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TABLE 6-lA I
\ SAMPLE CONTAINER CLEANING PROCEDURES AND PRESERV:ATION
l
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Parameter Matrix Preservative Sample Container
I
Extractable Organics water cool to 4°C 1 liter glts ?mJerj Pentachlorophenol( 515) water cool to 4°C 1 liter glass amber
Metals water HNO3 to pH <2 I liter plastic\ Isopropyl Ether,
Volatile Organics water cool to 4°C 40 ml glass wi\h teflo~ septum
Total Organic Carbon water HCl to pH <2 250 ml glass with teflon septum
8OD a,Suspended
cool to 4°C l litlr glass Soli s water
COD water NaHSO1i* togH <2 500 ml glass
All Parameters soil/sediment cool to 4 C 1 liter glass
l.
2.
Use new bottle; rinse with (pesticide grade) isopropanol, dry with pure nitroJn.
Use new bottle; rinse with 1:1 nitric acid and drain; rinse with D.l. wa~er, rinsl with
1:1 hydrochloric acid and drain; rinse with D.I. water and drain thoroughly. I
Wash containers and closure with pre-filtered hot tap water using nln-phos~hate
detergent. Rinse three times with pre-filtered tap water. Rinse again with ASTM
Type l deionized water. Over dry containers and closures at l0S°C for one hour.
3.
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4. No cleaning required. Use new bottle. I
* I NaHSO4 is the salt form ofH2SO4 which is formed upon the addition of water to
act as the preservative. I
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DCC#R448 6-la
Cleaning
Procedure
1
1
2
3
3
4
4
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Parameter
Suspended Solids
Isopropyl Ether, Volatile Organics
Phenols, Pentachlorophenol,
Semivolatiles
B0D5
TOC, COD, Mercury
Dioxins/Furans
Metals
DCC#R448
TABLE6-1B
HOLDING TIMES
6-lb
Holding Time
Within 7 days of collecJion
Within 14 days of coneltion
I
Within 7 days of collection ( for !extraction)
Within 40 days of extraction (for analysis)
Within 48 hours of colllction
1
Within 28 days of coneJtion
Within 30 days of colleJtion (fo~ extraction)
Within 40 days of extraction (for analysis)
Within 180 days of conJction J
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Sample Labeling
Each sample container will be marked with a color coded label identiJing the I specific parameters of interest. The label will contain the date of sample copection,
sample location, site abbreviation, parameters to be analyzed, and breservJtives, if
applicable. I
'
Chain of Custody Form
A chain of custody form is prepared for each ice chest containing samples. The chain
of custody form contains all of the necessary information pertaining to the specific
samples in that individual ice chest. This information includes: d1te and time of
sample collection, sample location, parameters to be analyzed, and Aotes specific to
the laboratory. When complete, the chain of custody forms !re sigJed and
relinquished by the designated field team member. The original cop~ is sent lith the
specific ice chest to the laboratory performing the analyses. See ~ttachm~nt 2 on
page 5-24 for a copy of the chain of custody form used by Keystone Envirobmental
Resources, Inc. I
Chain of Custody Tag
After each ice chest containing samples is properly sealed, a metal chain of (ustody
tag is fastened to the cooler opening to prevent potential sample thmpering. The
metal tag is numbered, and this number and the ice chest number ar~ writteA on the
chain of custody form to document the sealing of the cooler. EvideAce tape: is used
to seal the opening of ice chests that are not equipped with straps tci hold t~e metal
chain of custody tags. These procedures are performed to document1 and en~ure the
integrity of the samples as they are shipped from the project site tci the laboratory
performing the analyses. Upon receipt at the lab, the integrity ot each c1ooler is
examined and the chain of custody forms are reviewed. f
DCC#R448 6-2
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Sample Shipment
The samples will be shipped via a commercial carrier if the laboratory performing
the analyses is not in the vicinity of the project site. The shipping ckrrier ahd the
determination to ship air freight ( overnight or 2-day air) versus shipmbnt via ground
transportation is made by the field team designee. The decision is I based 6n the
holding times of the samples, project deadlines, and efforts to reduce project cdsts.
DCC#R448 6-3
-==>-iz
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DESCRIPTION
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FIGURE 1-S
TOP06RAPHI RALIE6H/MORRCISSITE MAP VILLE, NC
..
•
SCALE: 1 • • 200'
' --CATE JII. -I RIIIT ... --• SEPT• iiBI
Pi PNpar■d by edaont Aerials Ell'Hn■lloro. N.C.urveys, Inc.
ACTIVITY A "°· 179225-02 105062
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1-4b