NCD095458527_20090211_FCX Inc. (Statesville)_FRBCERCLA RA_Surface Water Assessment Work Plan OU-3-OCR

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Surface Water Assessmen
Work Plan · i11)\)~
February 11, 2009
FCX (Statesville) Superfund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Prepared For:
El Paso Natural Gas Corporation
1001 Louisiana Street
Houston, TX 77252-2511
Prepared By:
URS
URS Corporation
1600 Perimeter Drive, Suite 400
Morrisville, North Carolina 27560-8421
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1
1.1 Project Background and Site Location .................................................................................. 1
1.2 Conceptual Site Model ............ 3
1.3 Surface Drainage .......................... 3
1 .4 Historical Surface Water Investigations/Data ....... 4
2.0 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF WORK ....................................... 6
2.1 Objectives and General Scope of Work... . ........................................... 6
2.2 Investigation Objectives ...... .7
3.0 SURFACE WATER ASSESSMENT PLAN .................................... 9
3.1 Pre-Investigation Activity -Property Access ........... :.. . ...................................... 9
3.2 Northern Surface Water Drainage Assessment Activities ...................................................... 9
3.2.1 Passive Vapor Diffusion Sampling ......................................................................... 9
3.2.2 Surface Water/Sediment Sampling and Surface Water Flow Measurements ...... 12
3.2.3 Micro-Streambed Piezometers ................................................. 13
3.2.4 Shallow Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation and Sampling, ........................ 14
3.2.5 Streambed Pore-Water Sampling ........................................................................ 17
3.2.6 Seepage Meter Installation and Vertical Groundwater Flux Measurements ........ 18
3.2.7 Staff Gages ........................................... 19
3.3 Southern Surface Water Drainage... . ................................................................................ 20
3.4 Gregory Creek and Third Creek ........................................... 20
4.0 ANALYTICAL PROGRAM AND FIELD,OPERATIONS .............. 22
4.1 Analytical Program .... 22
4.1.1 Data Quality Objectives ...................................................................................... 22
4.1.2 Analytical Methods ........................... 23
4 .1.3 Quality Control Samples ............................................................ 23
4 .2 Field Operations.. . ........................................................... 24
4.2.1 Project Team ........................................................................................................ 24
4.2.2 Sample Handling and Management. ........................................................... 24
4.2.3 Recordkeeping ... 24
4.2.4 Sample Designation ..................................... 26
4.2.5 Investigation-Derived Waste ......................... 28
4.3 Anticipated Schedule ............................................................................................... 28
5.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................ 30
URS Corporation February 11, 2008
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Sile (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Historical Summary of HVOC Concentrations in Surface Water and Sediment
Summary of Proposed Surface Water Investigations
Summary of Analyses and Analytical Methods for Surface Water and Sediment
Field Quality Control Samples for Surface Water and Sediment
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
URS Corporation
Site Locus
North and South Surface Water Drainage Areas
Historic Surface Water/Sediment Sample Locations
Proposed Surface Water Assessment Locations
February 11, 2008
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background and Site Location
Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Caiolina
URS Corporation (URS) has been retained by El Paso Natural Gas Company (EPNG) to manage and
provide assistance with the remedy that has been implemented at the Farmers Cooperative Exchange
(FCX) Superfund Site for Operable Unit (OU) 3, hereafter referred to as "the Site". The Site is located
along Phoenix Street in the City of Statesville, North Carolina (Figure 1 ). OU3 is defined in the Record of
Decision (ROD) as on-site and off-site groundwater that has been impacted by a release(s) of
tetrachloroethene (PCE) that is believed to have originated from:a former dry cleaning operation operated
at the former Burlington Industries Facility. The dry cleaning operations were associated with textile
manufacturing activities at the Burlington Industries Facility. Dry cleaning activities reportedly ceased prior
to Burlington's ownership of the facility and the equipment used for dry cleaning and textile manufacturing
have been dismantled.
The Remedial Investigation (RI) and Feasibility Study (FS) were completed for the Site in 1996 to assess
the potential sources, nature, and extent of impacts related to halogenated volatile organic compounds
(HVOCs) released from the Site (i.e., primarily PCE and its daughter products trichloroethene [TCE], cis-
1,2-dichloroethene [cis-DCE], and vinyl chloride [VC]) and to select a remedial alternative to address these
impacts in groundwater and soil. EPA Region IV executed the ROD for OU3 on September 30, 1996,
which included:
• Treatment of contaminated groundwater in the source area using air sparging (AS);
• Treatment of soil contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using soil vapor extraction
(SVE);
• Monitored natural attenuation in the downgradient portions of the plume; and
• Monitoring of groundwater entering and exiting the treatrient area to monitor the effectiveness and
performance of the remedy.
The remedy was fully implemented by 2001. Based upon a review of the first five years of groundwater
monitoring, attenuation of HVOCs was not proceeding as rapidly as expected. As a result, an Explanation
of Significant Differences (ESD) to the ROD for OU3 was signed by EPA on September 8, 2006 which
incorporated Accelerated Natural Attenuation (ANA) as part of the remedy. The first phase of the ANA
component of the remedy was implemented during May 2007. Throughout the remedy, EPNG has
URS Corporation Page 1 February 11, 2008
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
monitored environmental media including groundwater and surface water to assess the performance of the
remedy in reducing concentrations of HVOCs in these media.
During the performance of the RI, PCE and its daughter products were detected in an unnamed tributary of
Gregory Creek, a Class C water body that is located north of the Site. At that time, there were no
applicable surface water quality criteria for PCE. However, the State of North Carolina amended the
regulations in May 2007 and included a standard for PCE of 3.3 micrograms per liter (µg/L) in Class C
surface water. PCE has been detected at concentrations above this standard in the unnamed tributary
located north of the Site, hereafter referred to as the Northern Drainage, as recently as 2007. On this
basis, EPNG believes that further assessment is warranted to define the extent of impacts in surface water
in the Northern Drainage. This assessment should also collect data that can be used to develop a mass
balance analysis that considers contributions of HVOCs from groundwater and seepage into the drainage
as well as potential losses from natural processes (e.g., sorption, biodegradation, and volatilization). These
data will be used to evaluate appropriate measures to manage or mitigate potential risks to human and/or
ecological receptors posed by concentrations of PCE exceeding surface water criteria in the Northern
Drainage.
It should also be noted that groundwater data collected subsequent to the RI indicates that bedrock
groundwater that has been impacted with PCE and that this PCE groundwater plume extends south of the
Site to an unnamed tributary of Third Creek, referred to herein as the Southern Drainage. Surface water
quality in the Southern Drainage has not been characterized. On this basis, EPNG plans to collect data to
assess potential impacts to surface water in the Southern Drainage related to the release(s) of PCE at the ,
former Burlington Industries Site.
The remainder of this section provides background information relevant to the surface water investigation
activities proposed in this work plan. The remainder of the work plan is presented in five sections as
follows:
• Section 2.0 presents the objectives of the surface water assessment presented in this work plan
and summarizes the scope of work that has been developed to address these objectives;
• Section 3,0 presents details of the surface water assessment plan including pre-investigation
activities, monitoring locations, and investigation methods; ,
• Section 4.0 provides quality assurance/quality control procedures related to data acquisition and
management.
• Section 5.0 provides a list of cited references.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
This work plan also provides a proposed schedule for completing surface water assessment activities.
1.2 Conceptual Site Model
EPNG has recognized that a significant amount of information has been collected at the Site since the
completion of the RI, and EPNG believes that a detailed conceptual site model (CSM) devel?ped from this
data is needed to fully evaluate the performance of the existing remedy in meeting remedial goals and to
guide future remedial decisions at this Site (e.g., in response to changing regulations such as those that
have recently been implemented for surface water). At EPNG's request, URS has compiled and used the
,data collected from the Site to date to:
• Develop an up-to-date CSM that provides a quantitative understanding of hydrogeologic conditions
and Site features that may affect the fate and transport of HVOCs originating from the Burlington
Industries Property;
• Provide an assessment of factors that could affect the performance of the OU3 remedy;
I • Identify data gaps that should be filled to 1) provide better delineation of site-related impacts with
respect to HVOCs (in particular PCE), 2) guide future' remedial. decisions to manage potential
future risk, if any and 3) help assess the effectiveness of the existing remedy and potential future
remedial actions in attaining cleanup goals established by the ROD; and
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• Identify activities that can be implemented to address dat~ gaps.
' The CSM document, previously provided to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region IV
(EPA) and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR), contains
detailed descriptions of site setting and site conditions, a historica,I review of previous environmental studies
and findings at the Site, and detailed descriptions ·of both the geologic/hydrogeologic processes and
contaminant fate and transport processes ongoing at the Site. This work plan does not repeat that
information and the reader is directed to the CSM for that information. However, the following sections
summarize information from the CSM to provide the reader with an understanding of surface water
drainage that is specifically relevant to the investigations presented in this work plan.
1.3 Surface Drainage
' There are two significant surface water drainages in the vicinity 1of the Site. Both of these drainages are
believed to receive groundwater discharge indirectly and potentially directly from the Site. The Southern
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Surtace Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Drainage originates south of the Site near the intersection of Phoenix Street and State Route 64 and this
unnamed drainage follows a south-southwesterly course for approximately 7,500 feet before discharging to
Third Creek. The second drainage, referred to herein as the Northern Drainage, originates in an area
located northwest of the Site near Weinig Street. This draina~e flows in a northeasterly direction for
approximately 5,700 feet before discharging into Gregory Creek north of the Site. A groundwater seep
discharging in the area north of the boiler house contributes flow to this drainage at a point located
approximately 200 to 300 feet north of the boiler house associated with the Burlington Industries facility.
These surface water drainages are shown on Figure 2.
1.4 Historical Surface Water Investigations/~ata
Several samples of surface water from the Northern Drainage' and an associated seepage area were
collected in 1994, 1995, 2001, and 2007. Samples were collected from the uppermost location containing
water in the seepage area, and from several downstream locations including from flowing water in the
Northern Drainage above and below the confluence of where ·water enters this drainage from the seep.
Samples collected from the tributary due north of the Site are summarized on Figure 3. Analytical results
for the samples are summarized in Table 1 and discussed in detail in the CSM.
' North Carolina streams are classified in the administrative code 15A NCAC 028 (NC 28) based on their
uses. The streams surrounding the Site (Gregory and Third Creeks) are defined as Class C streams. These
are fresh waters protected for aquatic life and secondary recreation, but not as water supplies. The
following tabulation compares the surface water sample results to the current NC 28 standards for a Class
C stream established in May 2007.
I " ' -,. POE 'TOE. cis-0CE, vc I
NC 28 Standard 3.3 30 4,900 2.4
1994 Samples <1.0-240 <1.0 -720 <1.0-670 <1.0-140
1995 Samples <1.0 -1,200 0.4 -750 0.2 -340 0.2-100
2001 Samples 1.1-1,100 4.6 -430 7.3-150 <1.0-14
2007 Samples 0.65-27.4 0.85-6.3 ' 0.71-5.4 <0.5
All values in pg/L
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
The data indicate that PCE, TCE, and VC exceeded the North Carolina surface water standard in 1994,
1995, and 2001; however, only PCE exceeded the standard in the 2007 samples. The possible sources of
PCE in the drainage area north of the Site are believed to be:
• overland flow from the seep area,
• horizontal discharge of impacted groundwater along the south bank of the drainage, and/or
• vertical groundwater flow through portions of the bed of this drainage feature.
Surface water sampling has not been performed in the surface water drainage south of the Site.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
2.0 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF WORK
2.1 Objectives and General Scope of Work
The overall objective of the surface water evaluation effort proposed herein is to 1) provide an
understanding of the discharge relationship of groundwater containing HVOCs and the drainages north and
south of the Site and 2) to quantify PCE contributions (ie., groundwater discharge and seepage) causing
surface water impacts so that informed decisions can be made regarding which of these contributions
should be the focus of mitigation to bring surface water quality into compliance with the NC 2B surface
water standards. A more robust investigation is warranted in the Northern Drainage since impacts to this
drainage have been documented as a result of historical sampling while impact to the Southern Drainage
has not been demonstrated.
Although impacts have been documented in the Northern Drainage, the reach of this drainage where PCE
concentrations exceed the North Carolina Surface Water Standards and areas where impacted
groundwater is discharging into this drainage, have not been defined. This information, along with a mass
balance of PCE contributions to this drainage is needed to develop an approach to manage potential risk
associated with surface water, and potentially, to mitigate exceedances of the surface water quality criteria,
and to help quantify the mass flux rate for the northern plume.
Based upon data presented in the CSM, impacted bedrock groundwater extends to the headwaters of the
Southern Drainage. To date, water quality in this drainage has not been characterized. Therefore, it is not
known whether PCE-impacted groundwater is discharging to this surface water drainage and if so, to what
extent it is affecting surface water quality. On this basis, the primary objective of the surface water
assessment of the Southern Drainage is to assess whether surface water quality has been impacted to the
extent that the North Carolina 2B standards are exceeded and whether further investigations of this
drainage are warranted.
Based upon a consideration of this information, investigations in the Northern Drainage will include the
following:
• Mapping the area where impacted groundwater discharges to surface water by collecting samples
for analysis of HVOCs using passive vapor diffusion (PVD) samplers, drive point samplers, and
micro-piezometers installed in the bed of the drainage;
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
• Assessing verti~al mass flux through the stream bed using seepage meters or other equivalent
methods;
• Defining the lateral area where the HVOC plume may be' discharging to the stream and assessing
horizontal mass flux into the Northern Drainage;
• Collecting surface water samples upstream of, at, and downstream of the groundwater discharge
zone and upstream, downstream, and at the confluences of smaller drainages feeding the stream
for analysis of HVOCs;
• Obtaining surface water flow measurements at each sampling station to allow for an assessment of
mass flux and processes that may be influencing changes1 in mass flux; and
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• Collecting sediments for analysis of populations of microorganisms in sediment capable of
degrading HVOCs and total organic carbon (TOC), a substance which facilitates biodegradation
and which can sequester HVOCs . '
Investigations proposed for the Southern Drainage will include an initial phase of surface water sampling
from several locations along the stream for analysis of HVOCs with concurrent measurements of surface
water flow to permit an assessment of mass flux, if HVOCs are detected. If HVOCs are not detected or
concentrations of HVOCs are detected below the North Carolina 2B Regulatory Criteria, additional
investigation may not be necessary. If, however, concentrations of HVOCs are found to exceed the
regulatory criteria, an expanded investigation similar to that described for the Northern Drainage would
likely be developed and implemented.
2.2 Investigation Objectives
URS has developed an investigation program for the Northern a,nd Southern Drainages that will provide
data to achieve the following objectives:
• Delineate the segment of the Northern Drainage where concentrations of PCE and potentially other
associated constituents exceed the North Carolina 2B Surface Water Standards;
• Identify areas where impacted groundwater is discharging to the Northern Drainage and obtain
data that can be used to identify significant areas of PCE mass flux responsible for exceedances of
the 2B standards to guide remedial decisions;
• Assess the vertical extent of impacted groundwater discharging to the Northern Drainage;
• Assess the extent to which groundwater in the southern PCE plume area has caused impacts to
surface water in the Southern Drainage (if any);
• Assess the mass flux of PCE in the surface water drainages to provide an understanding of the
overall mass balance and fate of impacted site groundwater, which will support the development of
a predictive, numerical model and help to guide future site-wide remedial decisions; and
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
• Obtain surface water flow and elevation data from drainages within the anticipated domain of the
numerical flow model to provide an understanding of groundwater/surface water interactions and to
facilitate calibration of the numerical model.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Sile (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
3.0 SURFACE WATER ASSESSMENT PLAN
' 3.1 Pre-Investigation Activity -Property Access
The surface water investigation described in this section encompasses portions of the Northern and
Southern Drainages as well as segments of Gregory and Third Creeks that flow through private property
and will require access agreements. EPNG and URS will attempt to identify, contact, and obtain
permission from as many property owners as possible prior to initiating this proposed surface water
investigation. Formal access agreements will be sought with property owners to allow EPNG/URS
personnel to access surface water assessment locations. In the event that certain property owners do not
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grant access, EPNG may seek assistance from NCDENR and/or EPA to secure access or, if possible,
alternative assessment locations will be selected.
3.2 Northern Surface Water Drainage Assessment Activities
The investigation of surface water conditions in the Northern Drainage has been developed to provide data
necessary for understanding the discharge relationship of groundwater to surface water and the extent of
any impacts north of the Site. A number of specific investigative tasks are proposed as detailed in this
section. Table 2 provides a comprehensive summary of the propo~ed surface water investigation.
3.2.1 Passive Vapor Diffusion Sampling
Passive vapor diffusion (PVD) sampling will be performed by Clemson University along the Northern
Drainage in order to provide data to identify areas where impacted groundwater is discharging through the
bed of this surface water feature. PVD sampling involves the deployment of a sampling device, described
by Vroblesky, et. al (1996) and Church, et. al (2002), in the bottom sediments of a surface water body for
a predetermined period of time (typically several days). During this time period, organic compounds that
are present at the groundwater/surface water interface diffuse into the sampling device. The PVDs are
subsequently retrieved and the vapor phase concentration is analyzed using gas chromatography. The
vapor concentrations can then be used to approx.imate concentrations of specific VOCs in groundwater
discharging to surface water using Henry's Law and the Henry's Law coefficients specific to the compounds
detected by the PVD samplers. Analysis of PVD samples can provide estimates of the spatial distribution
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
and magnitude of contaminant concentrations in groundwater discharging to surface water. The data
provided by the PVD sampling will focus more quantitative characterization methods on these groundwater
discharge areas in order to obtain the most detailed and representative data.
The PVD samplers will be constructed using 40-ml laboratory glass sampling vials encased in two
polyethylene bags as described by Church (2002). The outer bag serves to protect against abrasion and to
prevent contamination due to contact with contaminated sediments. The bags will be arranged so that a
smooth barrier is formed at the mouth of the glass vial that is ~ermeable to VOCs and impermeable to
water. Each PVD sampler will be labeled with a unique sample identification code, the date of deployment
and date of retrieval. A survey pin flag labeled with the unique sample identification code will be attached
to the PVD sampler for identification and recovery. Each sample will be located using transit and stadia
methods and plotted on a basemap to facilitate data interpretation.
The PVD samplers will be emplaced in the streambed sediments at a depth ranging from approximately 0.5
to 1.5 feet below the bottom of the drainage using a precleaned hand auger or shovel, depending on the
density of the sediments. To help ensure that samples are representative of groundwater concentrations
and minimize diffusion from surface water, the PVD samplers will be located in areas identified to be
discharge zones confirmed with manometers or micropiezometers. The samplers will be allowed to
equilibrate over a period of one to three weeks depending upon the specific conditions (e.g., water
temperature) at the time of deployment. The PVD samplers will be recovered using the flag stem to pull
them out of the sediments. At the time of retrieval, the outer polyethylene bag will be removed and the
glass collection vial will be secured by placing a cap with Teflon TM septa over the inner polyethylene bag.
The vial will be labeled with the date and time of retrieval.
The PVD samplers will be deployed in rounds in order to refine the technique and ensure the resolution of
the data collected. The first round of samplers will be deployed in the highest discharge area identified
based upon the results of surface water sampling. The first group to be deployed will consist of up to 50
samplers including replicate samples and field blanks. The samplers will be deployed in transects of up to
three samplers running normal to stream flow at approximate five-foot spacing between transects. The
purpose of this first sampling event will be to establish the resolution of the technique. A second group of
samples will be deployed based upon the results of the first sampling round to establish the extent of the
impact of contaminated groundwater discharge. A third round of samplers will be deployed to increase the
resolution of the survey based upon the results of the second group of samplers. It is recognized that
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
groundwater concentrations can vary on a temporal basis.. In order to facilitate integration and
interpretation of the data, three to five samples will be collected during the second and third rounds of
sampling from locations sampled during the first monitoring event. This will confirm that the concentration
distribution in groundwater discharging to the stream has not significantly changed from event to event. ,
The comparability of the samples will be evaluated based upon a calculation of relative percent difference
(RPD). A RPD of 35 percent or less will serve as the basis for concluding that the concentration
distributions are similar.
Laboratory duplicate samples, field replicate samples and field blanks will be used for quality
assurance/quality control (QA/QC) purposes. Duplicate and replicate samples will be collected at a
frequency of approximately 10 percent. Replicate samples will be obtained by placing two PVD samplers ,
inside the same outer polyethylene bag and installing both at the same location and depth. Duplicate
samples will be obtained during laboratory analysis by analyzing samples of identical volumes withdrawn
from the same sample container. RPDs of 35 percent or les_s for laboratory duplicate and replicate
analyses will be considered similar. Field blanks will consist of a PVD sampler that is not deployed in the
sediments but that is analyzed with the samples. Field blanks will be analyzed at a frequency of one per
monitoring event.
Upon retrieval, the capped PVD samplers will be stored on ice for transport back to Clemson University's
Research Laboratory. Samples will be analyzed within 48 hours :of recovery. Vapors will be extracted in
the laboratory by inserting a clean syringe needle directly into the vial through the septum. The collected
vapors will then be analyzed for PCE and its daughter products TCE, cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE), and
VC using a head space analysis on a flame ionization detection gas chromatograph. This method is
capable of detecting VOC concentrations as low as 5 µg/L; however, this method does not necessarily
follow SW-846 approved methodologies/protocols, and is considered semi-quantitative only.
Henry's Law will be used to calculate equilibrium aqueous phase concentrations within the streambed pore
water. Phase partitioning is dependent upon specific site conditions including temperature and length of
equilibration time. These variables may limit the quantitative interpretation of results obtained using this
method. These results therefore will be used as estimates of magnitude of concentration discharging into
the stream.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Superlund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
3.2.2 Surface Water/Sediment Sampling and Surface Water Flow Measurements
Surface water samples will be collected from the Northern Surface Water Drainage to define the reach
where PCE is present in surface water above North Carolina Surface Water Criteria. These samples will
be analyzed for PCE and its daughter products (i.e., TCE, cis-DCE, and VC) using SW-846 Method 8260B
and total suspended solids (TSS). The samples will be collected the samples from 12 locations (i.e., URS-
SW-1 through URS-SW-8 and T1-T1' through T4-T4') shown on.Figure 4. These sample locations were
selected to include tributaries identified from existing maps to facilitate flow and mass balance calculations
for this drainage. At four locations (i.e., T1-T1', T2-T2', T3-T3' a~d T4-T4'), surface water samples will be
collected along transects crossing the drainage, each consisting of three samples (middle and near the
banks of the drainage) depending upon the width of the stream at the time of sampling. The purpose of
these samples will be to account for the variability of concentrations of chlorinated VOCs in the stream due
to mixing. These data will be averaged and used to calculate mass flux.
Sediment samples will be collected from the four transect locations along the Northern Drainage to provide
data to help understand the fate of chlorinated VOCs. A total of approximately 12 samples will be collected
from the top two inches of sediment and analyzed for chlorinated VOCs using SW-846 Method 8260B,
TOC using the Lloyd Kahn Method, and one sample from each transect will be analyzed for
dehalococcoides bacteria. The presence of significant native populations of dehalococcoides bacteria in
sediment would indicate that biodegradation could be an important attenuation mechanism in the stream.
This may be an important consideration for potential in-stream remedial measures (e.g., implementation of
reactive caps on the stream bottom), if required. Similarly, organic carbon in the sediments could play an
important role in the attenuation of organic compounds through sorption.
Surface water and sediment sampling will be performed as close as practicable to low or average flow
conditions (i.e., during a seasonal period of dry weather and at a minimum of three days after the last
significant rainfall defined as a total of 0.25 inches or greater over a 24 hour period) to provide conservative
concentrations of chlorinated VOCs in surface water. Based upon temporal groundwater elevations
monitored by the United States Geological Survey in Turnersburg, North Carolina northwest of Statesville,
average flow conditions are anticipated to occur in January and July/August. The samples will be collected
beginning at the most downstream location to minimize the potentia,I for disturbances within the stream, due
to sampling activities, to adversely affect the representativeness of the samples.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
An understanding of the impact of high water level conditions ~n water quality in the Northern Drainage
(ie., are concentrations higher or lower during wet weather) will, also be important in evaluating potential
mitigation efforts to address surface water impacts. To address this question, a second set of samples will
be collected for analysis of PCE and its daughter products using SW-846 Method 82608 and TSS along
with co-located flow measurements from the surface water sampling locations referenced earlier.
Surface water samples will be collected by submersing a new, clean dedicated laboratory sample container
in the center of the water column and decanting the contents into labeled, pre-preserved, laboratory-
supplied sample containers. Vertical mixing in this stream and thus variability in concentrations within the
water column are likely to be minimal due to the limited depth of flow (i.e., typically a few inches) along the
stream reach south of Wendover Road.
Where collected, sediment samples will be obtained following surface water sampling to avoid impacting
' the representativeness of the surface water samples. Sediment samples will be collected directly into
sampling containers provided by the laboratory using either a clean, stainless steel spatula or trowel or a
hollow-tube, sediment core sampler, depending on the depth; of water and nature of the sediment.
Sampling equipment will be decontaminated prior to sampling at e?ch location.
Surface water discharge measurements will be performed at designated locations shown on Figure 4 at
the time of sample collection. Discharge measurements will b.e obtained by the cross-sectional area
velocity method using a Sontek Flowtracker Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (or similar device), which is
' designed to provide accurate measurements in streams with flow depths as small as one inch.
Surface water and sediment sample locations and corresponding surface water discharge monitoring
locations will be flagged with surveyor's tape labeled with the sample location identification and will be
located using conventional survey methods and mapped on the existing site plan.
3.2.3 Micro-Streambed Piezometers
As noted earlier, an objective of the surface water assessment is to identify areas where impacted
groundwater may be discharging into the Northern Drainage. 'In order to guide sediment pore-water
sampling efforts and potential locations for seepage meters, URS proposes to install 8 streambed micro-
piezometers in the Northern Drainage at the locations shown on Figure 4. The micro-piezometers will be
constructed using either M.H.E. Products push-point samplers equipped with a section of tygon tubing or a
slotted section of tygon tubing installed in the streambed. Push-point samplers are constructed of an
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
approximately ¼ inch diameter steel tube equipped with a four-centimeter long steel screen that can be
pushed into the sediments of a stream. Micro-piezometers constructed of slotted tygon tubing are installed
by driving a steel pipe into the bottom sediments of the stream. A carriage bolt placed in the bottom of the
pipe prevents sediment from entering the pipe and allows for the creation of a pilot borehole for deployment
, , ,
of the piezometer. Upon reaching the desired depth, the micro-piezometer is inserted into the pipe and the ,
pipe is then removed allowing the sediments to collapse around the screen. A peristaltic pump can then be
used to develop a natural filter pack around the slotted section of the piezometer. The head in the
piezometer will be measured relative to the surface water level in the stream to identify whether the
groundwater is discharging into the stream (indicated by a piezometric head that is above the water level in
the stream) or whether the stream is recharging the underlying groundwater (indicated by a piezometric
head that is lower than the water level of the stream).
Micro-piezometer locations will be marked with surveyor's flagging, a grade stake, or a pin flag labeled with
the piezometer identification. The locations will subsequently be tied by survey to the site monitoring
network. Head measurements will be collected during the week of but not sooner than 12 hours after
installation, to allow for water levels in the piezometers to equilibrate. Head measurements will be made in
the piezometers relative to the water level in the stream. Characteristics of the stream bed materials (grain-
size distribution) and depth of flow will be noted at the time of measurement. Areas of groundwater
discharge will be used to help locate areas for pore water sampling and identify areas for placement of
seepage meters for measuring groundwater flux described in the following sections.
3.2.4 Shallow Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation and Sampling
Three shallow overburden monitoring wells will be installed along the Northern Drainage at approximate
locations shown on Figure 4. The purpose of these monitoring wells (which are identified as URS-MW-1
through URS-MW-3) will be to provide groundwater analytical data to delineate the lateral extent of the
PCE plume in shallow saprolite groundwater discharging to the Northern Drainage, and provide
groundwater elevations and groundwater and mass flux data. A deeper overburden monitoring well (URS-
MW-2D) will be completed with the shallow well to provide a potentiometric elevation that can by used to
assess vertical hydraulic gradients in the vicinity of the drainage, and groundwater analytical data that may
help identify the groundwater zone contributing impacted groundwater to the drainage.
Monitoring wells will be installed using a track-mounted or all-ter.rain drill rig using hollow-stem augers.
Borings for the shallow monitoring wells will be completed approximately four to five feet below the water
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville. North Carolina
table. Groundwater in this area is estimated to be within five feet 1of the ground surface. The boring for the
deeper overburden monitoring well will be completed 20 feet below the water table. Soil samples will be
collected on a continuous basis at each drilling location, using a standard split spoon sampler for lithologic
classification and field screening using a photoionization detectori(PID). At well couplet location URS-MW-
2/2D, soil samples will be collected only from the deeper boring .. Soil data will be used to develop a boring
log for each monitoring well. A two-inch diameter polyvinyl chlori_de (PVC) monitoring well will be installed
in each borehole upon completion at the terminal depth. Each well will be equipped with a five-foot long,
No. 10 (ie., 0.010 inch) to 0.020 inch factory-slotted well screen. The screen for the shallow monitoring
wells will be installed to straddle the phreatic surface. An appropriately sized sand filter pack for the screen
' slot size will be installed in the borehole annulus and will be extended approximately 12 inches or more
above the top of the well screen. A minimum two-foot-thick bentonite seal will be installed above the filter
pack and the remainder of the borehole annulus will be filled with cement-bentonite grout. Each well will be
completed at the ground surface with a protective steel casing set in a concrete pad and equipped with a
locking cap. The monitoring wells will be aggressively developed by bailing, jetting, and/or pumping and
surging to restore to the extent practicable, the original perme_ability of the formation and reduce the
potential for dynamic well skins to affect flux measurements in overburden monitoring wells. It is
anticipated that wells will be developed until a minimum of five well casing volumes are removed or until the
development water is visually free of settleable solids. Each mo~itoring well will be tied by survey to the
existing monitoring well network for both location and elevation usi~g appropriate survey methods.
No less than two weeks following installation, groundwater samples will be collected from the wells for
' analysis of chlorinated VOCs (i.e., PCE, TCE, cis-DCE, and VC) using SW-846 Method 8260B. The
samples will be collected using passive diffusive bag samplers (PDBSs) or Hydrasleeves®. URS has used
PDBSs and Hydrasleeves® on Superfund Sites in other EPA Regions with EPA concurrence. Our work
has demonstrated that co-located samples collected using PDBSs and Hydrasleeves®, and low-stress
sampling methods for analysis of VOCs, have provided statistically comparable results. The PDBS and/or
Hydrasleeves® will be placed inside a well within the screened interval for an equilibration time of two
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weeks or greater. At the end of the equilibration period, the passive sampler will be retrieved and the
contents transferred to laboratory supplied sample containers.
Prior to deploying the PDBSs or Hydrasleeves®, water levels will be measured in the wells using an
electronic water level meter and field screening measurements of groundwater temperature, specific
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
conductance, pH, redox potential, and dissolved oxygen will be 'measured in-situ using a Yellow Springs
Instruments (YSI) Model MOS 650 Water Quality Meter or equivalent. Field equipment will be calibrated in
the field to appropriate calibration standards. These data will be recorded on sample data sheets and/or in
a field log book.
Following the collection of groundwater samples from the wells, Passive Flux Meters (PFMs) developed by
researchers at the University of Florida, Gainesville will be deployed in the wells to monitor groundwater
and mass flux. The PFMs are commercially available through Enviroflux LLC. PFMs are self-contained
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permeable devices that can be installed in a monitoring well to provide a direct measurement of mass flux
and groundwater flux through the portion of an aquifer screened b'y a monitoring well. The PFMs contain a
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permeable sorbent medium that retains dissolved organic compou,nds flowing through a well past the PFM.
The PFM also is impregnated with soluble tracers (e.g., alcohols) that are displaced from the sorbent at .,
rates proportional to the groundwater flux (adjusted based upon the sorption coefficient of the tracer with
' respect to the sorbent media). By deploying the PFM in a well for;a specified period of time, mass flux can
be calculated from the mass of contaminant retained by the sorbe~t media divided by the residence time of
the PFM in the well. Similarly, groundwater mass flux can be estimated by using mathematical equations
that account for the change in resident tracer concentrations considering the partitioning behavior of the
tracers and the residence time of the PFM in the well. Average co,ncentrations of the constituent of interest
in groundwater flowing through the well during the PFM residence period may be estimated as the ratio of
the mass flux to groundwater flux. There are several advantages:of using PFMs to assess mass flux and
groundwater flux over conventional methods (which require knowledge of hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic
gradients, and groundwater concentrations). These advantages include
• PFMs do not require discrete well screen intervals to develop a vertical profile of mass flux. PFMs
can be deployed with baffles in a well with a long screen to identify zones of high mass flux; and
• Knowledge of hydraulic conductivity is not required: This eliminates the need for slug
tests/pumping tests to determine hydraulic properties for mass flux calculations and thus reducing
costs. Although not specifically designed to estimate hydraulic conductivity, the groundwater flux
data generated from the PFMs may be useful in combination with hydraulic gradients in
approximating bulk hydraulic conductivities. This approxii;nation can be used as a check against
values calculated from methods designed specifically to measure hydraulic conductivity in the field
(e.g., pumping tests and/or slug tests). Bulk hydraulic conductivity would be approximated as the
volumetric mass flux (0) divided by the product of the hydraulic gradient (i) and estimated cross-
sectional area of flow intercepted by the monitoring well (A).
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Superlund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Based upon the small well screen intervals for proposed monitoring wells URS-MW-1 through URS-MW-3,
it is envisioned that only a single PFM would be needed in each well to assess mass flux. Due to the
presence of alcohol tracers within the PFM, regulatory approval of this method is required. PFMs have
been used on sites across North America with regulatory approval from both State agencies and EPA
If PFMs are not used to measure mass flux, slug tests will be performed at each well to assess the
hydraulic conductivity of the saturated soils penetrated by the monitoring wells and calculate mass flux
using traditional methods.
3.2.5 Streambed Pore-Water Sampling
In order to quantify the mass flux of impacted groundwater discharging through the streambed of the
Northern Drainage, URS plans to collect a series of pore-water samples distributed across the groundwater
recharge areas identified from the hydraulic head and PVD sampling data collected. The samples will be
analyzed for chlorinated VOCs (i.e., PCE, TCE, cis-DCE, and VC) using SW-846 Method 8260B. These
' samples will be collected using clean steel micro push-point samplers. The push-point sampler is equipped
with a four-centimeter long steel screen, which can be equipped with a filter sock for deployment in fine-
grained sediments. The sampler is deployed by pushing the screen interval into the sediments of the
' streambed. The sampler can then be purged using a sampling syringe or a peristaltic pump. After purging,
a discrete pore water sample can be withdrawn using the sampling syringe or the peristaltic pump.
However, care must be taken to maintain a low purge rate to l[mit the potential for inducing downward
vertical migration of surface water to the intake of the sampler.
Samples will initially be collected from transects across the discharge zones that are identified along the
reach where the shallow PCE plume in the saprolite appears to intersect the Northern Surface Water
Drainage (Figure 4). It is assumed that transects will be spaced approximately 10 feet apart and that up to
three samples will be collected from each transect: one near each side of the drainage and one in the
center of the drainage depending upon the width of the flow at the time of sampling. Based upon these
data, we are estimating the total number of samples (including QA/QC samples) to be 50 to 100 samples.
Each pore-water sampling location will be marked with a pin-flag, located using GPS or conventional
survey methods (with horizontal accuracy of less than 5 feet) and tied to the Site monitoring network to
facilitate interpretation of the data.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Based upon groundwater flow directions inferred by equipotential contours identified in the esM, it does not
appear that the plume is likely to be discharging to the Northern Drainage downstream of Wendover Road,
On this basis, URS does not at this time plan to collect pore-water samples downstream of Wendover Road
unless concentrations of chlorinated voes in surface water increase downstream of the Site boundary.
Such a condition could indicate that impacted groundwater is discharging to the Northern Surface Water
Drainage downstream of the Site.
3.2.6 Seepage Meter Installation and Vertical Groundwater Flux Measurements
Seepage meters will be deployed at four locations along the Northern Drainage, to measure vertical
groundwater flux in areas of groundwater discharge identified using the micro-streambed piezometers and
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PVD samplers previously described provided that surface water stage is of sufficient depth to nearly cover
the seepage meter. The locations of the seepage meters will be selected based upon a consideration of
the concentration distribution of chlorinated voes detected in pore-water.
Watms11rface
Seepage cyliode·1
/ ..•. . . .
Water,
.· .. ·'·. ~~~'.~~! :: .
-::·_:·.·._-:
Wator surface
Water
Diagram Showing Seepage Meter Deployment with Photo of Deployed Meter
The seepage meters will be constructed of a pan fabricated from the bottom six to ten inches of a metal or
high-density polyethylene bucket equipped with a discharge tube connected to the side of the pan (see the
diagram above). Due to the apparent low velocity of the stream, short-circuiting due to scouring around the
pan does not appear to be a concern. The seepage meters will be deployed by inverting the pan and
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
pushing the pan several inches into the bottom sediments of the drainage. A graduated cylinder equipped
with a rubber stop and fitted with a barbed hose fitting to accommodate the discharge line from the
seepage meter and a small diameter polyethylene tube to permit air displacement during filling will be
connected to the seepage meter, to permit a direct measurement of groundwater flux. These data will be
used with analytical results from the pore-water samples to identify areas of significant mass flux 9f
chlorinated organic compounds, which can be used to guide remedial decisions.
Micro piezometers similar to those described in Section 3.2.3 will be co-located with the seepage meters to
provide measurements of the vertical hydraulic gradient (i) in order to allow for the calculation of vertical
hydraulic conductivity of the streambed sediments. This parameter will be important for the development of
the numerical groundwater model. The vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kv) will be calculated as follows:
Kv = Q/iA
Where: Q = discharge rate from seepage meter (length3); and
A= cross-sectional area of the seepage meter pan (length2).
The location of each seepage meter will be established using conventional survey methods and tied to the
Site monitoring network.
3.2.7 Staff Gages
Two staff gages (URS-SG-1 and URS-SG-2) will be installed in the Northern Surface Water Drainage to
establish surface water elevations. This elevation data will be used with shallow groundwater elevation
data to calibrate the numerical groundwater flow model. One staff gage will be installed in the headwaters
of the Northern Surface Water Drainage and the other near the confluence with Gregory Creek. Each staff
gage will be constructed of a three to four foot section of steel pipe or an equivalent material driven into the
stream bed. Staff gage locations will be marked with surveyor's flagging identified with the station
identification. The staff gage location and reference elevation (i.e., top of the gage) will be established by
appropriate survey methods (horizontal accuracy of 5 feet, and vertical accuracy of 0.1 foot or better).
Water levels will be collected from the staff gages at the time that they are installed and during site-wide
water level monitoring events.
URS Corporation Page 19 February 11, 2008
I
I 3.3 Southern Surface Water Drainage
Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
I As previously noted, the Southern Drainage has not been characterized. On this basis, URS proposes to
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perform a screening level assessment to determine if impacted groundwater from the Site has adversely
impacted surface water in the Southern Surface Water Drainage. The proposed assessment will include
the following components:
• Collecting surface water samples from four locations (i.e., URS-SW-9 through URS-SW-12
shown on Figure 4) for analysis of PCE and its daughter products using SW-846 Method
8260B. Samples will be collected, handled, and located in the same manner and under the same
conditions as described earlier for the Northern Drainage. Analytical results for the surface water
samples will be used to determine if impacted groundwater is discharging to the Southern Surface
Water Drainage and causing exceedances of the North Carolina 2B Surface Water Criteria. If
these standards are not exceeded, it can be concluded that no further assessment is warranted to
characterize impacts to this drainage. In the event that the standards are exceeded, additional
investigations will be proposed in a separate work plan similar to those proposed for the Northern
Surface Water Drainage.
• Collecting flow measurements at each surface water monitoring station, at the upstream
and downstream confluence with a tributary draining a pond (i.e., URS-Q1 U and URS-Q1D);
and in the tributary (i.e., URS-Q1T), The locations of the flow monitoring stations are shown on
Figure 4. Flow measurements will be obtained using the same methods described earlier for the
Northern Surface Water Drainage. These data will be preemptively collected to provide an
assessment of mass flux in the event that concentrations of PCE and its daughter products are
detected in surface water from the Southern Drainage; and
• Establishing two staff gages near the headwater (i.e., URS-SG-4) and near the confluence of
the Southern Surface Water Drainage with Third Creek (i.e., URS-SG-6), The staff gages will
be constructed and located in the same manner as described in Section 3.2.7. Similar to staff
gages in the Northern Surface Water Drainage, water levels will be collected from these staff
gages at the time of installation and during comprehensive water level monitoring events. This data
will be used to support the development of a numerical groundwater flow model that is planned as
part of a focused feasibility study to predict changes to the plume in response to current or future
remedial measures.
3.4 Gregory Creek and Third Creek
Surface water data collection efforts will include the collection of surface water flow and water level
elevation data in Gregory Creek and Third Creek to support the development of the numerical groundwater
flow model. These data will be collected during two comprehensive water level monitoring events which will
also include flow measurements from three of the previously identified flow monitoring locations in both the
Northern and Southern Drainages.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Third Creek is located more than 1.5 miles south of the Site. This creek is not expected to be impacted by
Site groundwater based upon the current understanding of the distribution of chlorinated VOCs in
groundwater south of the Site and the assimilative capacity in Third Creek. Therefore, sampling of surface
water in Third Creek for chemical analysis is not planned unless surface water impacts are detected near
the mouth of the Southern Drainage. However, surface water discharge measurements and water level
elevation measurements will be collected near the anticipated boundaries of the domain for the numerical
groundwater flow model (i.e., flow monitoring locations URS-Q7 and URS-Q9 and staff gage locations
URS-SGS and URS-SG-7). In addition, discharge measurements will be obtained from upstream and
downstream of the confluence with the Southern Drainage and within the Southern Surface Water Drainage
just upstream of its confluence with Third Creek (i.e., URS-QSU, URS-QSD, and URS-ST).
Similarly, surface water discharge and water level elevation measurements will be collected from Gregory
Creek to support the development of the numerical groundwater flow model. These data will be particularly
important since groundwater/surface water interactions in the portion of Gregory Creek located
downgradient of the Site are potentially affected by dewatering operations at an adjacent rock quarry
operated by Martin-Marietta Corporation. To quantify potential surface water recharge to groundwater
adjacent to the quarry for input into the model, surface water discharge measurements will be collected
from 11 locations within Gregory Creek and its tributaries. These tributaries are located upstream and
downstream of the quarry within the anticipated domain of the numerical groundwater flow model (i.e ,
locations URS-Q2U, URS-Q2D, URS-Q2T, URS-03, URS-Q4U, URS-Q4D, URS-Q4T, URS-Q5D, URS-
Q5T, URS-Q6U, and URS-Q6D). A single staff gage (URS-SG-3) will be installed in Gregory Creek
upstream of the quarry. Water level elevations from this staff gage and in a staff gage established near the
mouth of the Northern Drainage (i.e., staff gage location URS-SG2) will provide surface water elevation
data that can be used with groundwater elevation data to calibrate the groundwater flow model.
Surface water discharge measurements and staff gages will be collected/constructed and surveyed as
previously described for investigations of the Northern Drainage. Proposed staff gage and surface water
discharge measurement locations along Gregory and Third Creek are shown on Figure 4.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
4.0 ANALYTICAL PROGRAM AND FIELD OPERATIONS
A Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) is currently in place for the FCX Statesville OU3 Site (Brown and
Caldwell, February 2004). The site-specific QAPP provides detailed information concerning the
organization, activities, and quality assurance/quality control protocols needed to achieve project data
quality objectives (DQOs). The information provided in this section of this Surface Water Assessment Work
Plan is not intended to duplicate the content or information/procedures presented in the QAPP. Information
provided in this section is intended to supplement the QAPP with specific information or procedures directly
related to the assessment of surface water. For topics not specifically included in this section, the reader is
directed to the QAPP. EPNG intends to update the existing QAPP to include information relevant to
investigatory activities planned starting in 2009. A copy of that QAPP will be submitted to EPA and
NCDENR under separate cover.
4.1 Analytical Program
4,1.1 Data Quality Objectives
DQOs are qualitative and quantitative statements that specify the quality of the data required to support
decisions made during field activities and are based on the end uses of the data. Varying data uses may
require varying levels of data quality. DQO levels address various data uses and the QA/QC effort and
methods that are required to achieve the desired level of quality. These levels include
• Field Screening (DQO Level I} This level is characterized by the use of portable instruments
which can provide real-time data to assist in the optimization of sampling locations and health and
safety support. Data can be generated regarding the presence or absence of certain contaminants
at sampling locations.
• Field Analyses (DQO Level II): This level is characterized by the use of portable analytical
instruments which can be used on site, or in a mobile laboratory stationed near a site. Depending
upon the types of contaminants, sample matrix, and personnel skills, qualitative and quantitative
data can be obtained.
• Screening Data with Definitive Confirmation (DQO Level Ill): These data are generated by
rapid, less precise methods of analysis with less rigorous sample preparation. Sample preparation
steps may be restricted to simple procedures such as dilution with a solvent, instead of elaborate
extraction/digestion and cleanup. Screening data provides analyte identification and quantification,
although the quantification may be relatively imprecise. At least 10% of the screening data should
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
be confirmed using appropriate analytical methods and QA/QC procedures and criteria associated
with definitive data. Screening data without associated confirmation data are not considered to be
data of known quality.
• Definitive Data (DQO Level IV) These data are generated using rigorous analytical methods,
such as approved EPA reference methods. Data are analyte-specific, with confirmation of analyte
identity and concentration. These methods produce tangible raw data (e.g., chromatograms,
spectra, or digital values) in the form of paper printouts or computer-generated electronic files.
Data may be generated at the site or at an off-site location, as long as the QA/QC requirements are
satisfied. To be definitive, either the analytical or total measurement error must be determined.
4.1.2 Analytical Methods
Solid (sediment) and aqueous (surface water and groundwater) samples collected during the proposed I assessment will be analyzed by Accutest Laboratories (Accutest), a NC-certified laboratory. Bacterial
analyses will be conducted by Microbial Insights, Inc. Accutest has a quality control program in place that I is comparable to the EPA Contract Laboratory Program to ensure the reliability and validity of the analyses
performed. Analytical procedures are documented as standard operating procedures which include the I minimum requirements for each procedure. Microbial Insight, which will be used for bacterial analysis, has
an internal quality assurance plan, which will be followed to help assure the generation of reliable and
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representative data. Laboratory-specific Quality Assurance Plans are available for review upon request.
Information related to the analysis of environmental samples for this proposed surface water assessment is
summarized in Table 3. Data generated by these two laboratories will be considered as Definitive Data
(DQO Level IV).
PVD samples collected by Clemson University will be analyzed at the university's Engineering Sciences
Research Laboratory. Data generated from the PVD samples will be generated through laboratory analysis
and will include an appropriate level of quality assurance/quality control to provide quantitative results.
However, given that the samples will not require rigorous preparation and will not be subject to confirmation
(e.g., through mass spectroscopy), the data generated from PVD sampling will be considered as screening
level data (DQO Level Ill).
4.1.3 Quality Control Samples
Field and laboratory quality control samples are collected to validate the precision, accuracy,
representativeness, comparability, and completeness of assessment data. Table 4 lists the quality control
requirements for field data. Quality control requirements for laboratory data are included in Table 8-3 of the
existing QAPP
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
I 4.2 Field Operations
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Field operations will be conducted in accordance with the specifications and procedures provided in the
QAPP (Brown and Caldwell, February 2004) with certain modifications/enhancements described in this
section.
4.2.1 Project Team
URS Corporation has been selected and authorized by EPNG to implement surface water assessment
activities at the Site. Key proIect team personnel include
• EPNG Project Manager -Brian Johnson (Houston, TX-713.420.3425)
• URS Program Manager-Larry Fitzgerald, PG (Hallowell, ME-207.623.9188)
• URS Deputy Program Manager -Conan Fitzgerald, PE (Morrisville, NC -919.461.1100)
• URS Field Operations Manager/Site Health and Safety Officer -Amanda Taylor, PG (Charlotte,
NC -704.522.0330)
• URS Senior Hydrologist-Jeff Hansen, PH (Hallowell, ME -207.623.9188)
• URS Senior Geologist -Jerry Wylie, PG (Greenville, SC -864.609.9111)
• Clemson University Researchers -Dr. Larry Murdoch/Seth Shantz (Clemson University, Clemson,
South Carolina -864.656.3276)
4.2.2 Sample Handling and Management
Sample handling, tracking, and chain-of-custody procedures are documented in the QAPP (Brown and
Caldwell, February 2004).
4.2.3 Recordkeeping
Documentation of an investigative team's field activities serves as a basis for technical Site evaluation and
report preparation. It is essential that field documentation provide a clear, unbiased picture of field
activities. Aspects of sample collection, sample handling, and observations will be documented_ in field
books or applicable field form. Bound field books will be used on work assignments requiring field activities.
Entries into field books will be legibly written in indelible ink and provide a clear record of all field activities.
The following information will be provided on the inside front cover or the first page of the field book:
• Project Name and Project Manager,
• Site Location,
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
• Job Number,
• Date,
• Individual to whom the field notebook is assigned.
Instructions and procedures relating to the format and technique in which notebook entries are made area
as follows:
1. Leave the first two pages blank. They will provide space for a table of contents to be added
when the field notes are complete.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Entries will be made in waterproof ink.
Entries will be made in language that is objective, factual, and free of personal feelings or other
terminology which might appear unclear or inappropriate.
Entries will be printed as neatly as possible.
Entries will be logged in military time format.
Errors in the field notes will be indicated by drawing a single line through the text, ensuring the
text is still legible, and initialing and dating the errors.
A new page will be started at the beginning of each day's field activities and the remaining
clear page at day's end will be marked out with a single initialed line at the day's end.
The person taking notes shall sign, number and date each page.
Later additions, clarifications, or corrections must be dated and signed.
Instructions and procedures providing guidance on the information to be recorded on field activities are
provided below:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
A new page will be used at the start of each day's activities. The date, time, on-site personnel,
and observed weather conditions will be noted. Significant changes in weather conditions will
be noted as they occur.
Sketches or maps to identify photo and/or sample locations will be included in the field book.
Landmarks and/or direction of north will be included.
On-site health and safety meetings or will be documented.
As part of the chain-of-custody procedure, in-situ sampling information will include sample
number, date, time, sampling personnel, sample type, designation of sample as a grab or
composite, and any preservative used. Sample locations will be referenced to sample
numbers on a Site sketch or map.
Information for in-situ measurements will include a sample ID number, date, time, and
personnel taking measurements.
If on-site interviews occur, relevant information obtained will be recorded. Names of persons
interviewed, the interest group represented (if applicable), address, and phone number will be
recorded.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
7. Any other relevant information, which would be difficult to acquire at a later date, will be
recorded.
Copies of field notes and original field data sheets will be presented to the field operations manager as
soon as practicable and will be maintained in the project file.
4.2.4 Sample Designation
Samples collected for specific field analyses or measurement data will be recorded directly in bound
logbooks (field books) and on field forms (as appropriate) using a designated sample identification.
Standard sample labels will be attached to the sample containers and the labels will carry the designated
sample identification and sample analysis procedure.
All samples collected for analysis will be assigned a unique sample identifier. The identifier will link specific
samples to the location and, if applicable, the depth from which the sample was collected, sample media,
and sample type. The sample identifiers will be recorded on the sample label that is attached to the sample
container, in a project field book and/or sample log, on sample chain-of-custody forms, and in the project
database. The sample designation references location and includes qualifiers.
Sample Location. The first portion of the sample designation will be the prefix "URS" to differentiate
surface water assessment samples from previous work. Next, each location will be assigned a one-to
three-letter alphabetic code that will identify the type of sample location. The codes for investigation-derived
waste samples will correspond to a particular container (i.e., drum, tank, etc) instead of a location.
• Q -discharge monitoring station,
, SG -staff gage station,
, SW -surface water sampling and/or flow monitoring station,
• SBPZ -micro-piezometer station,
, MW -monitoring well location,
• PVD -Passive Vapor Diffusion sample location, and
, IDW -investigation-derived waste (IDW) sample (sample of waste generated by the RI activities).
The initial alphabetic code will be followed by a sequential numeric code for each of the above location
types. For example, the first staff gage station will be designated URS-SG-1, the second staff gage station
URS-SG-2, etc. This designation process allows all assessment samples to be associated with a particular
horizontal location at the Site, and in turn, each horizontal location at the Site where samples are collected
will be assigned a unique location identification.
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Qualifiers. The final portion of the sample designation is used to identify quality assurance samples.
Samples that are collected for routine analysis only (i.e., not for quality assurance purposes) will not have
qualifiers appended. Additionally, samples with a qualifier included in the sample designation are
considered secondary and will be used only for data quality assessment. For example, the results from the
analysis of a duplicate sample will not be used in the assessment of Site conditions. Only the results from
the primary sample will be used for assessment. The following qualifiers will be appended to the
appropriate sample type:
• DP -duplicate sample,
• RP -replicate sample,
• FB -field blank, and
• MS/MSD -matrix spike/matrix spike duplicate.
Certain samples will require special sample designations. In general, the samples requiring special
designations are quality control-related samples and include trip blanks and equipment/rinsate blanks. The
procedures for assigning sample designations for these samples are as follows.
Trip blanks will accompany each shipping container that contains samples for VOC analysis. The sample
designation for trip blanks will be derived using the date the samples are shipped:
1. Begin the sample designation with "TB" followed by the numerical month, day, and year (e.g., TB-
01152009 for January 15, 2009).
2 Add a media identifier code (e.g., S for soil or sediment, GW for water)
3. Add a sequential number if more than one trip blank by media is being shipped on a single day
(e.g., 2 for the second of two water trip blanks shipped on the same day).
Equipment blanks will be collected from any equipment used in sample collection or processing that is re-
used for more than one sample location. Equipment blanks will be designated using the same sample
designation for the first sample taken after decontamination procedures. The qualifier "RB" will be
appended to the sample designation to indicate an equipment rinsate blank. For example, for an
equipment blank from a hand auger after decontamination and before sample SB3G06, the sample
designation for the equipment blank will be SB-3-G06-RB. If an equipment blank is collected for more than
one item prior to collecting a particular sample, a sequential number will be added after the "RB" (e.g., SB-
3-G06-RB-2 for the second rinse blank before sample SB-3-G06).
Sampling information will be recorded directly in bound logbooks (field books) and/or referenced field forms
using designated sample identification nomenclature. Standard sample labels will be attached directly onto
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Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
sample bottleware/containers immediately before or after sample collection. Information on sample labels
will include:
• Unique sample designation;
• Date and time that the sample was collected;
• Laboratory analyses that will be conducted on the sample; and
• Sample preservative (if appropriate); and
• Initials of person collecting the sample.
4.2.5 Investigation-Derived Waste
IDW that may be generated during the surface water assessment will primarily include decontamination
fluids, soil cuttings, and spent personal protective equipment. IDW will be managed in general accordance
with EPA Region IV procedures and relevant state and federal regulations and guidelines.
Decontamination fluids generated during sampling will consist of potable and deionized rinse water,
solutions containing laboratory-grade detergent (e.g., Alconox ™ or Liquinox ™). Decontamination fluids will
be contained in appropriately labeled drums and characterized for determining disposal options. Soil
cuttings from borings and well installation activities generated from below the water table will be contained
in appropriately labeled drums and characterized for determining disposal options. Since soils from the
vadose zone have not been directly impacted by constituents of interest (ie., PCE and its daughter
products), these soils will be spread on the ground at the drilling location. Disposable equipment, used
PPE, and other Site trash will be collected and disposed as nonhazardous materials. Drums and other
waste containers will be labeled with relevant information including contents, date of generation, and
generator. Disposal of IDW will occur after the contents have been adequately characterized at an
appropriate off-site facility.
4.3 Anticipated Schedule
Upon approval, site activities will commence within four weeks, provided that climatological conditions and
recent precipitation conditions are favorable as previously described. It is anticipated that proposed
investigation work tasks will be accomplished following the general timeframes presented in the schedule
below.
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Act1v,1y
RagulalO<y Aff,rO\l~l lo ltnpemenl Scopa of Worf
tle901ia1e ard Ot,ta,n ktess Aqrooments
5'..<tace Water/Sedmer,I ~ & Fk>,v Mor,tonrq and lrrpen-ell Siall Gao}es
1,1,cro.Suearrboo P,e,omele, lnstaUat100
Perform Pare Waler Safll]hng
Instill and Retneve Passiw Flu, Mele<S
Data Valo<Jauon Analys,s and Roporllr.,
C~ele Frnal Raporl
URS Corporation
---
Page 29
Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Schedule lo, Com klion Week
S 9 10 11 12 " " " " " "
--
February 11, 2008
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5.0 REFERENCES
Surface Water Assessment Work Plan
FCX (Statesville) Supertund Site (OU3)
Statesville, North Carolina
Brown and Caldwell, February 2004. Quality Assurance Project Plan for Remedial Action Sampling. FCX-
Statesville Superfund Site OU3, Statesville, North Carolina.
Church, PE., DA Vroblesky, and F.P. Lyford, 2002. Guidance on the Use of Passive-Diffusion Samplers
to Detect Volatile Organic Compounds in Groundwater Discharge Areas, and Example Applications
in New England. United States Geological Survey, Water Resources Investigations Report 02-4186.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources -Division of Water Quality, May 1,
2007 (Amended Effective). Surface Water and Wetlands Standards -NC Administrative Code 15A
NCAC 028.0100, .0200, & .0300.
URS Corporation, DATE TBD. Conceptual Site Model and Data Gap Analysis -Statesville FCX Superfund
Site, Operable Unit 3 (OU3) -Statesville, North Carolina.
Vroblesky, DA, L.C. Rhodes, JF. Robertson, and JA Harrigan, 1996. Locating VOC Contamination in a
Fractured-Rock Aquifer at the Groundwater/Surface Water Interface Using Passive Vapor Collectors.
Groundwater Volume 34, No. 2, March/April 1996. p. 223 -230.
URS Corporation Page 30 February 11, 2008
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Table I
Historical Summary of HVOC Concentrations
in Surface Water and Sediment
Statesville FCX Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
PCE and Daughter Compounds (µg/L)
Sample Location Sample Date PCE TCE cis-DCE Vinyl Chloride
SW-I 4-May-94 ND( 1.0) 0.10 J ND( 1.0) ND(l.0)
SW-I Duplicate 4-May-94 ND( 1.0) 0.10 J ND( 1.0) ND( 1.0)
SW-2 4-May-94 ND(l.0) 0.20 J 0.10 J ND(I.0)
SW-3 4-May-94 ND( 1.0) ND( 1.0) ND(I.0) ND( 1.0)
SW-4 4-May-94 240.0 720.0 670.0 140.0
SW-5 I 0-Jan-95 1200.0 750.0 340.0 ND(I00)
SW-6 26-Jun-95 52.0 300.0 180.0 44.0
SW-6 Duplicate 26-Jun-95 36.0 330.0 190.0 51.0
SW-7 26-Jun-95 100.0 140.0 100.0 14.0
SW-8 26-Jun-95 5.0 16.0 17.0 12.0
SW-9 26-Jun-95 10.0 35.0 34.0 15.0
SW-10 26-Jun-95 64.0 58.0 59.0 12.0
SW-I I 1-Aug-95 0.50 J 1.0 0.50 J 0.20 J
SW-I I Duplicate 1-Aug-95 ND( 1.0) 0.40) 0.20 J ND(l.0)
SW-12 1-Aug-95 ND(I.0) ND( 1.0) 0.60 J 0.40)
S-1 9-Feb-0 I 1.7 6.9 10.0 4.4
S-A (Duplicate) 9-Feb-0 I I. I 4.6 7.3 3.2
S-2 9-Feb-0 I 1100.0 430.0 150.0 8.7 J
S-3 18-Apr-0 I ND(l.3) 13.0 30.0 14.0
S-4 18-Apr-0 I 7.2 17.0 24.0 4.6
S-5 18-Apr-0 I 14.0 13.0 7.3 ND( 1.0)
UNBR-SW-DI 8-Mar-07 24.4 5.6 4.6 ND(0.5)
UNBR-SW-D2 8-Mar-07 27.4 6.3 5.4 ND(0.5)
UNBR-SW-D3 8-Mar-07 15.2 4.8 4.5 ND(0.5)
UNBR-SW-DD(Duplicate of D3) 8-Mar-07 17.4 4.8 4.4 ND(0.5)
UNBR-SW-UI 8-Mar-07 6.5 3.0 3.3 ND(0.5)
UNBR-SW-U2 8-Mar-07 7.8 0.85 J 0.71 J ND(0.5)
UNBR-SW-U3 8-Mar-07 0.65 J ND(I.0) ND( 1.0) ND( 1.0)
PCE and Daughter Compounds (µg/kg)
PCE TCE Total 1,2-DCE Vinyl Chloride
SED-1 4-May-94 ND( 19.0) ND(l9.0) ND(!9.0) ND(l9.0)
SED-1 (Duplicate) 4-May-94 ND( 14.0) ND( 14.0) ND( 14.0) ND ( 14.0)
SED-2 4-May-94 ND(l3.0) ND(l3.0) ND(l3.0) ND(l3.0)
SED-3 4-May-94 ND(l2.0) ND( 12.0) ND( 12.0) ND( 12.0)
SED-4 4-May-94 ND(l 8.0) 63.0 40.0 10.0 J
Notes:
I. ND= Not detected. Detection limit listed in ( ).
2. ug/L = micrograms per liter
3. ug/kg = micrograms per kilogram.
4. J = estimated concentration.
5. PCE = Tetrachloroethene; TCE = Trichlorocthenc; 1,2-DCE = Dichlorocthcnc; cis-DCE = cis-1,2-Dichloroethcne;
and VC = vinyl chloride.
URS Corporation Page 1 of I 2/12/2009
-----
Proposed
Surface Water
Sampling Location
-------Table 2
Summary of Proposed Surface \\later Investigations
FCX Statesville Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
Monitoring Parameters
-----
Purpose
Surface Water Chemistry and Discharge Monitoring Locations
URS-SW-I Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
Provide background monitoring location presumably upstream of
groundwater discharge to northern drainage for concentrations of chlorinated
__ ___ ___ _ ___ ____ _ ___ _ ___ __ ________ ___ _______ ___ ___ _ __________________________________________________ --le--___________________________ V OCs and fl O\V. ______________________________ _
Provide surface water concentrations of chlorinated VOCs to define limit of
upstream reach of northern drainage containing chlorinated VOCs above
URS-SW-2 Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------_____ North Carolina Surface Water Standards. _________________ _
URS-SW-3
URS-SW-4
URS-SW-5
URS-SW-6
--------------------------------------URS-SW-7
URS-SW-8
Transect Tl-Tl' (ABC)
Transect T2-T2' (ABC)
Transect T3-T3' (ABC)
---------------------------------------Transect T4-T4' (ABC)
URS Corporation
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608) and
_______________ Surface Water Oischa~ge ______________ _
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SIV-8-16 82608) and
_______________ Surface Water Discha~ge ______________ _
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608) and
---------------Surface Water Disch~ge ______________ _
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
---------------------------------------------Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608)
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
Provide surface water concentrations ofVOCs and mass flux contribution
--------------from groundwater seep to the northern drainage.--------------
Provide surface water concentrations ofVOCs and mass flux contribution
-------------------from tribu\ary to the northern drain~e. -------------------
Provide surface water concentrations of voes and mass flux contribution
___________________ from tributarv to the northern drainage. _____ _
Provide surface water concentration of chlorinated voes to define
downstream extent of surface water impacts and potential discharge zones
-------------------------for impy.cted. groundwater. ___________________ _
Provide surface water concentration of chlorinated voes to define
----------------downstream extent of surface water impacts. ----------------
Provide surface water concentration of chlorinated VOCs to define
dO\\'nStream extent of surface water impacts and potential discharge zones
--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------for impacted groundwater. ________________________ __
Provide data to assess mass flux in surface water. assess variability in Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-8-16 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge concentration due to mixing, and help define groundwater discharge zone.
------------------------------------------------------!-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Provide data to assess mass flux in surface water, assess variability in Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
-----------------------------------------------Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
Page I of6
concentration due to mixing, and help define groundwater discharge zone.
Provide data to assess mass flux in surface water. assess variability in
concentration due to mixing, and help define groundwater discharge zone.
Provide data to assess mass flux in surface water. assess variability in
concentration due to mixing, and help define groundwater discharge zone.
2/12/2009
-
----- ----- ---------Table 2
Summary of Proposed Surface \Vater Investigations
FCX Statesville Superfund Site
States"·ille, North Carolina
Proposed
Surface \Vater
Sampling Location Monitoring Parameters Purpose
Mini Streambed Piewmeters for Hydraulic Heat/ Measurements
URS-SBPZ-1 Hydraulic Head Identify groundwater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------flux. -------------------------URS-SBPZ-2 Hydraulic Head Identify groundwater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
-------------------------------------· f-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------flux. -------------------------------------URS-SIJPZ-3 Hydraulic Head Identify groundv,'atcr discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
---------------------------------------------------· f--------------------------------------------------------------------------------flux. ---------------------------------URS-SB-PZ4 Hydraulic Head Identify groundwater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream 10 map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
-----------------------------------------------, -r---------------------------------------------------------______________________________________ fl U X. _____________________________________
URS-SB-PZ5 .. Hydraulic Head Identify ground\vater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
, impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------flux. --------------------------URS-SB-PZ6 Hydraulic Head Identify ground\\'ater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------_flux. _____ ----------------------URS-SB-PZ7 Hydraulic Head Identify groundwater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------flux. --------------------------URS-SB-PZ8 Hydraulic Head Identify groundwater discharge zones in stream to identify locations to
deploy passive diffusive bag samplers in stream to map discharge zones for
impacted groundwater and seepage meters for measurement of groundwater
flux.
URS Corporation
Page 2 of6 21\212009
----- --
Proposed
Surface Water
Sampling Location
- ----Table 2
Summary of Proposed Surface Water Investigations
FCX Statesville Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
Monitoring Parameters
------
Pur-pose
Seepage Meters To obtain Estimates o/Groumlwaler Flux for Mass Flux E.'ftimates
URS-SM I (sec note 2) Hydraulic head, groundwater flux, and chlorinated Provide data to measure streambed conductivity for groundwater model and
voes. Measure streambed width at seepage meter groundwater flux through the streambed for mass balance.
---------------------------------------------------, ______________________ location. _____________ --------------------------------------------------------------
URS-SM-2 (see note 2) Hydraulic head, groundwater flux and chlorinated Provide data to measure streambcd conductivity for groundwater model and
voes. Measure streambcd width at seepage meter groundwater flux through the streambed for mass balance.
--------------------------____________________ I ocat ion. _______________________ ---------------------------------------------------------------------URS-SM-3 (see note 2) Hydraulic head, groundwater flux and chlorinated Provide data to measure streambed conductivity for groundv,rater model and
voes. Measure streambed \vidth at seepage meter groundwater flux through the streambed for mass balance.
--------------------------------------------------_______________________ location. _______________________ ---------------------------------------------------------------------
URS-SM-4 (see note 2) Hydraulic head. groundv,rater flux and chlorinated Provide data to measure streambed conductivity for groundwater model and
voes. Measure streambed width at seepage meter groundwater flux through the streambed for mass balance.
location.
Passive Diffusive Bag Sampler
URS-PDB I through URS-PDB50 (sec note 3) Chlorinated VOCs (SW-8~6 Method 8260B) Provide data to map area \Vhere impacted groundwater is discharging to
surface \'.'ater and concentrations to calculate groundwater mass flux into
stream.
Shallow Groundwater Samples
URS-MW-I Chlorinated VOCs (SW-8~6 Method 8260B ), water Provide data to define area of horizontal discharge of impacted groundwater
level elevations. and hvdraulic conductivity _ ------------------to the northern surface water drainage. ------------------------------------------------------------____________________________ .,<.. ___________________ .., ______
URS-MW-2 Chlorinated VOCs (SW-8~6 Method 8260B ). water Provide data to define area of horizontal discharge of impacted groundv,1ater
---------------------------------------------------_____ level elevations. and h_.ydraulic conductivitv _____ -------------------to the northern surface water drainage. -------------------
URS-MW-3 Chlorinated VOCs (SW-8~6 Method 8260B ). water Provide data to define area of horizontal discharge of impacted groundwater
--------------------------------------------------level elevation. and hvdraulic conductivitv +--------------------to the northern surface \vater drainage. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------URS-MW-4 Chlorinated VOCs (SW-8-16 Method 82608 ). water Assess whether impacted groundwater bypasses northern surface \Valer
level elevation. and hvdraulic conductivitv drainaP-e.
Staff Gages
URS-SG-1 Surface Water Elevation Tie in water levels in northern surface water drainage to shallow saprolite
aquifer groundwater contours for calibration of numerical groundwater flow
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------____________________________________ 1nod e I. ____________________________________
URS-SG-2 Surface Water Elevation Tie in water levels in northern surface water drainage to shallow saprolite
aquifer groundwater contours for calibration of numerical groundwater flow
model.
URS Corporalion
Page 3 of6 2/12/2009
-
----- --- ----------Table 2
Summary of Proposed Surface \\later lmrestigations
FCX Statesville Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
Proposed
Surface \Vater
Sampling Location Monitoring Parameters
Surface Water Chemistry and Discharge Monitoring Locations
URS-SW-9 Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 8260B) and
Surface Water Discharge
----------------------------------------·----+---------------·----------------------------------URS-SW-10 Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
URS-SW-I I Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 82608) and
Surface Water Di~charge
---------------------------·-------------------------------------------------------------------------URS-SW-12
Surface Water Discharge Monitoring locations
URS-QIU
Chlorinated VOCs (Method SW-846 82608) and
Surface Water Discharge
Surface Water Discharge
Purpose
Assess v,•hether impacted groundwater is adversely impacting surface water
quality in southern surface water drainage and provide data for assessment o
mass flux in surface water in chlorinated voes detected in surface water
__________________________ {see note 4 L --------------------------------
Assess v,:hether impacted groundwater is adversely impacting surface water
quality in southern surface water drainage and provide data for assessment o
mass flux in surface water in chlorinated voes detected in surface water
_________________________________ { sec note 4 L --------------------------------
Assess whether impacted groundwater is adversely impacting surface water
quality in southern surface water drainage and provJde data for assessment of
mass flux in surface water in chlorinated voes detected in surface water
_________________________________ { see note 4 L --------------------------------
Assess whether impacted groundwater is adversely impacting surface water
quality in southern surface water drainage and provide data for assessment of
mass flux in surface \vater in chlorinated VOCs detected in surface water
see note 4 .
Flow Balance for southern surface \Valer drainage and provide infonnation
on groundv,:ater discharge to stream downstream of URS-SW-8.
URS-QID Surface Water Discharge Flow Balance for southern surface water drainage and provide infonnation
Staff Gages
URS Corporation
on groundwater discharge to stream downstream ofURS-SW-8.
URS-QI T Surface Water Discharge Flow Balance for southern surface water drainage and provide infonnation
URS-SG-4 Surface Water Elevation
Page 4 of6
on groundwater discharge to stream downstream of URS-SW-8.
Tie in water levels in southern surface water drainage to shallow saprolite
aquifer groundwater contours for calibration of numerical groundwater flov.·
model.
2/12/2009
-
--- - -
Proposed
Surface \\later
Sampling Location
-
Surface Water Discharge Monitoring Locations
URS-Q2U, URS-Q2D, and URS-Q2T
URS-Q3
URS-Q4U, URS-Q4D, and URS-Q4T
URS-Q5D and URS-Q5T
URS-Q6U and URS-6D
URS Corporation
- --- - ------Table 2
Summary of Proposed Surface Water Investigations
FCX Statesville Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
Monitoring Parameters
Surface Water Discharge
Purpose
Provide surface water discharge measurement in Gregory Creek Upstream of
quarry. Provides information on potential groundwater recharge from
Gregory Creek as a result of quarry dc\vatcring activities. Important for
-------------------------------------------------________________ calibration of numerical groundwater model. ______________ __
Surface Water Discharge
Surface Water Discharge
Surface Water Discharge
Surface Water Discharge
Page 5 of6
Provide surface water discharge measurement in Gregory Creek adjacent to
quarry. Provides infonnation on potential groundwater recharge from
Gregory Creek as a result of quarry dewatering activities. Important for
________________ calibration of numerica]_groundwater model. _______________ _
Provide surface water discharge measurement in Gregory Creek downstream
of quarry. Provides infol"!llation on potential groundwater recharge from
Gregory Creek as a result of quarry dewatering activities. Important for
----------------calibration of numerical ~roundwater model. ---------..i
Provide surface water discharge measurement in Gregory Creek downstream
of quarry. Provides infonnation on potential groundwater recharge from
Gregory Creek as a result of quarry dewatering activities. Important for
______ calibration of numerical_groundwater model.----------------
Provide surface water discharge measurement in Gregory Creek downstream
of quarry at edge of anticipated numerical model domain. Provides
infonnation on potential groundwater recharge from Gregory Creek as a
result of quarry dewatering activities. Important for calibration of numerical
groundwater model.
2/12/2009
-
------------ -------Table 2
Summary of Proposed Surface Water Investigations
FCX Statesville Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
Proposed
Surface \Vater
Sampling Location Monitoring Parameters Purpose
Staff Gages
URS-SG3 Surface Water Elevation Provide data to tie in shallow groundv,'ater levels for numerical model
---------------------------------------------------__________________________ calibration north of Site. ___________ ---------------------------------------------------------URS-SG-5 Surface Water Elevation Establish surface water elevations along Third Creek to establish boundary
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1----------------conditions for numerical groundwater model ________________
URS-SG-6 Surface Water Elevation Establish surface water elevations along Third Creek to establish boundary
------------------· ----------------conditions for numericalgroundwater model _____ ----------------------------------------------------------URS-SG-7 Surface Water Elevation Establish surface water elevations along Third Creek to establish boundary
conditions for numerical 2.roundwater model
Notes:
I. Refer to Figure -4 for monitoring locations.
2. Location of seepage meters will be detennined based upon hydraulic head measurements obtained from mini piczometers and surface water monitoring data.
Additional seepage meters may be installed depending upon results of surface water sampling and hydraulic head measurements from mini piezometcrs.
Assume that depth of flmv in drainage is adequate to deploy seepage meters. For costing, assume four seepage meters installed in northern surface water drainage_
3. The number and location of passive diffusive bag samplers deployed will be detennined based upon results of surface water sampling and hydraulic
head measurements from mini piczometers that define the extent of the discharge zone of impacted groundwater. Assumed 50 locations for costing.
4. Pre-emptively measuring surface water flow at time of sampling is inexpensive and provides data to assess mass flux should chlorinated organic compounds be detected
in surface water.
5. Collect round of water levels from groundwater monitoring wells concurrent with each surface water discharge monitoring event to assist in numerical model calibration.
URS Corporation
Page 6 of6 2/\2/2009
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Table 3
Summary of Analyses and Analytical Methods for Surface Water and Sediment
Statesville FCX Superfund Site
Chemical Test/ Analyte
cis-1,2-Dichlorocthylcne
Tctrachlorethylcnc
Trichlorocthylene
Vinyl chloride
Total Suspended Solids
Chemical Test/Analyte
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylcne
Tetrachlorethylene
Trichlorocthylcne
Vinyl chloride
Total Organic Carbon
Dehalococcoides spp. Bacteria
Notes:
µg/1 = micrograms per liter
ug/kg = micrograms per kilogram.
RL = reporting limit
MDL= method detection limit
Statesville, North Carolina
SURFACE WATER
CAS No. Analytical Method
156-59-2 SW-846, 8260B
127-18-4 SW-846, 8260B
79-01-6 SW-846, 8260B
75-01-4 SW-846, 8260B
C-009 SM2540O
SEDIMENT
CAS No. Analytical Method
156-59-2 SW-846, 8260B
127-18-4 SW-846, 826013
79-01-6 SW-846, 826013
75-01-4 SW-846, 826013
C-012 Lloyd Kahn 1998
qPCR
qPCR = quantitative polymerase chain reaction
UKS Corporation Page I of I
RL (µg/1) MDL (µg/1)
1.0 0.20
1.0 0.22
1.0 0.32
1.0 0.30
10 mg/I 4 mg/I
RL (µg/kg) MDL (µg/kg)
1.0 0.20
1.0 0.22
1.0 0.32
1.0 0.30
I 00 mg/kg 51.3 mg/kg
500 cells/sample I 00 cells/sample
2/12/2009
--- - ----- - -------Table 4
Field Quality Control Samples for Surface Water and Sediment
Statesville FCX Superfund Site
Statesville, North Carolina
Field Quality Control
Sam le
Field Duplicate
Trip Blank (YOC only)
Equipment/Rinsate Blank
Temperature Blank
MS/MSD
Notes:
Frequency
I per medium per 20 field samples
(if <20 samples, I per medium per event)
I per cooler containing samples for
analysis of PCE and <laugher products
I per medium per 20 field samples
(if <20 samples, I per medium per event)
I per cooler
I per 20 field samples; additional
sample volume will be collected in field
Field duplicate= field sample split with both portions analyzed by contract laboratory
%RPO= percent relative percent duplicate
MS/MSD = matrix spike/matrix spike duplicate
RL = reporting limit
URS Corporation
Measurement Performance
Criteria
Meet ¾RPD (lisied below)
cis-1.2-DCE = 26
PCE = 27
TCE = 28
VC= 29
TOC=20
No detections
Meet RL (st't' Tahfd)
< or = 4 ° C + 2°C
Meet ¾RPD and % Recovery
(!isled below)
Page I of I
cis-1.2-DCE = 26
PCE = 27
TCE = 28
VC=29
TOC = 20
Corrective Action
Compare to matrix duplicates for
matrix interference; review procedures
for variations or improper field
collection procedures; qualify data
Compare results to action levels ste
at 5 times concentration in blank.
Qualify data as appropriate
Compare results to action levels ste
at 5 times concentration in blank.
Qualify data as appropriate
Qualify data or resample
Compare for matrix interference;
review procedures for variations or
improper field collection procedures;
qualify data
- -
2/12/2009
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URS
URS Corporation
115 Wat., Str••t. Sult• 3
H■llow•II. ME o• 3" 7
T•I: 207.G23.Q188 Fa~: 207.622.6085
www.ur•cor .com
INGTON
STRIES
ERTY ~~~~ ~~'\o.i~
Area of Detail
'
0 1,000 2,000 ·-4,000
Feet --
Source: Statesville West 7.5 minute quadrangle dated 2002
~om the USGS.
PROJECT NO, 39460238 CUEKl EL PASO TITlE:
r.O=ESc=GNcc, ,----+c"'cc"cc-'-' ---!PROJECT: STATESVILLE
Af'PRONED om, FCS SUPERFUND SITE SITE LOCUS
DRAWN, FILE STATESVILLE, NC
N
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FIGURE NO
1
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0 ,~· \:\>· ·, ,i!!"""'D -,:t2 =,,_•..;:Z::--,·· ~ ~ ·--~~ ~/.?~ ~ > • ~ rl':/ J ·r;,mt>'-· _ C,~ ~~
,.;l-•"'~\P~· . ~~ ~ "?' . . ~ -~
. \
, -,"f'l/·,i_): ~-.,~~., . ,-.
<>-··~ : ~-) .' ..
ID:: :IQ;~~ F
= : . (:-.:-, \i
'
." 2:' ..... 1.. • .. , ..... .
._... >.'A~~~~
' =~• ~ -~ ~--,=~ ~"?' ... --~-.. ,, ~ ,,~ .. -=-.:'I___}-,<; ~~
~~ .···:·· ' ~ \\. ~ ~. ll(t;3'JJ.'\~~-~,. J· ~· 1i· , • -
-.i=-.,:,--i~j, ~ ~•;. ~~ :::.: -,,~~\\~"-':"}' "'f'. . '2 . )c~~I
8-,~-=-, -~~.~-·' 1 }11!!~ _ ,-....{-~: .. ,;.>;,,.-"' ,,,,
Sources:
-Statesville West 7 .5 minute quadrangle dated 2002
from the USGS.
-14 digit hydrologlc unit boundaries from NC OneMap.
-Stream lines from NC Floodplain Mapping Program.
URS PROJECT NO: 39460238
DESIGN· SCALE: URS Corporation 115 w,111., S1tee1, Suite 3
Hallow.,11, ME 0<13<17 APPl'lOVED DATE:
Tel: [phone] Fu: 207.622.GOtlS OAAWN: FllE:
www.uncor .com
N
0 1,000 2,000 4,000 !
Feet
CUENT: EL PASO nru, FIGURE NO:
PROJECT. NORTH AND SOUTH STATESVILLE SURFACE WATER 2 FCS SUPERFUND SITE DRAINAGE AREAS STATESVILLE, NC