NCD062555792_20020719_Sigmons Septic Tank Service_FRBCERCLA FS_Revised Final Sampling and Analysis Plan Volume 2 - Field Sampling Plan-OCR

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REVISED FINAL
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN
VOLUME 2
FIELD SAMPLING PLAN
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION/FEASIBILITY STUDY
. SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE
STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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REVISED FINAL
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN
VOLUME 2 -FIELD SAMPLING PLAN
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION/FEASIBILITY STUDY
SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE ·
STATESVILLE, !REDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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FINAL
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN
VOLUME 2 -FIELD SAMPLING PLAN
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION/FEASIBILITY STUDY
SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE
STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
USEPA Work Assignment 040-RICO-A44F
BVSPC Project No. 48140
July 19, 2002
Prepared by
Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp.
1145 Sanctuary Parkway, Suite 475
Alpharetta, Georgia 30004
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Contents
Section; TOC
REVISED FINAL
July 19 , 2002
Pagel of2
Page N'.
1.0 Introduction ....................................................... 1-1
I.I Location and Description of the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site .............. 1-2
1.2 Operational History of the Sigmon' s Septic Tank Site ................... 1-4
1.3 Regulatory History of the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site ................... 1-6
1.4 Nature and Extent of Contamination at Sigmon's Septic Tank
Site. . ........................................ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
2.0 Investigation Objectives ............................................. 2-1
3.0 Investigation Activities .............................................. 3-1
3.1 Field Investigation .............................................. 3-2
3.1.1 Groundwater Sampling .................................... 3-14
3.1.2 Surface Soil Sampling ..................................... 3-17
3.1.3 Subsurface Soil Sampling .................................. 3-19
3.1.4 Surface Water Sampling ................................... 3-20
3 .1.5 Sediment Sampling ....................................... 3-20
3.1.6 Groundwater Level Measurements ........................... 3-21
3.1.7 Slug Testing ............................................. 3-21
3.1.8 Sampling QA/QC ........................................ 3-21
3.1.9 Surveying ............................................... 3-22
3.2 IDW Disposal ................................................ 3-22
4.0 Sample Designation ............................. · ................... 4-1
5.0 Investigation Procedures and Methods .................................. 5-1
5.1 Summary of Sampling Program .................................... 5-1
5.2 Surface Soil Sampling ........................................... 5-2
5.3 Subsurface Soil Sampling ........................................ 5-2
5.3.1 Subsurface Soil Sampling Using Hand-Augering Techniques ....... 5-3
5.3.2 Subsurface Soil Sampling Using Drilling Techniques ............. 5-3
5.4 Groundwater Investigation ........................................ 5-4
5.4.1 Monitoring Well Construction, Installation, and Completion ........ 5-4
5 .4.2 Groundwater Level Measurements ........................... 5-10
5.4.3 Monitoring Well Development .............................. 5-11
5.4.4 Monitoring Well Purging ................................... 5-11
5.4.5 Groundwater Sampling .................................... 5-13
5.5 Surface Water Sampling ........................................ 5-13
5.6 Decontamination Procedures ..................................... 5-14
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Section: TOC
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 2 of2
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Contents (Continued)
Page N'.
6.0 Sampling Handling and Analysis .................. , , ........ , . , . , ..... 6-1
6.1 Sample Containment and Preservation ..................... , ........ 6-1
6.2 Sample Collection Documentation ................................. 6-1
6.2.1 Field Operations Records ................................... 6-1
6.2.2 Sample Custody Documentation .............................. 6-4
7.0 Investigation-Derived Wastes ......................................... 7-1
8.0 Field Activities Schedule ............................................ 8-1
9. 0 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Tables
Table 1-1
Table 1-2
Table 1-3
Table 1-4
Table 3-1
Table 3-2
Table 3-3
Table 6-1
Figures
Figure 1-1
Figure 1-2
Figure 1-3
Figure 3-1
Figure 3-2
Figure 3-3
Figure 3-3
Figure 5-1
Analytical Results for ESI Groundwater Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Analytical Results for ESI Soil Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Analytical Results for ESI Surface Water Samples ............... 1-17
Analytical Results for ESI Sediment Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale,
and Analyses ............................................. 3-3
Summary of Samples, Analyses, and Containers ................. 3-18
Quality Control -Summary of Samples, Analyses, and Containers .. 3-23
Sample Containers, Preservatives, and Holding Times ............. 6-2
Site Location Map ......................................... 1-3
Site Layout Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Historical Sampling Locations December 1999 ESI .............. 1-11
Proposed Groundwater and Surface Water Sample Location Map ... 3-11
Proposed Soil Sample Location Map .......................... 3-12
Proposed Sediment Sample Location Map ..................... 3-13
Field Investigation Schedule ................................ 3-15
Typical Groundwater Monitoring Well with Flush Mount
Protector ................................................. 5-8
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
1.0 Introduction
Section: I
REVISED FINAL
July !9, 2002
Page 1 of 20
This Field Sampling Plan (FSP) was prepared for the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site located in
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina, and is submitted as documentation of the protocols and
procedures to be followed by Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp. (Black & Veatch) during
the remedial investigation/feasibility study (RVFS). The specific requirements for development of
an approved FSP are outlined in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Statement of
Work (SOW) for the RI/FS at the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site in Statesville, Iredell County, North
Carolina, dated May 7,200 I, (EPA, 2001 ). Information necessary for the development of the
FSP was gathered during the site visit on September 26, 2001, and in the technical scoping meeting
among EPA, the North Carolina Department ofEnvironmentand Natural Resources (NCDENR),
and Black & Veatch on October 4,2001, in response to the site technical approach letter dated
October 3, 200 I (Black & Veatch, 200 I a). Additional information utilized in preparing this
document was generated by reviewer comments (Black & Veatch, 2001 b; Black & Veatch,
2002a; Black & Veatch, 2002b), the Visual Sample Plan program (Davidson, 200 !), the May
2002 geophysical site investigation (EPA, 2002) and historical imagery of the site (EPIC, 2002).
The FSP was prepared by Black & Veatch for the documentation and explanation of all RI/FS
field activities, laboratory activities, and contract deliverables related to the acquisition and
reporting of data for the RI/FS. In addition, the FSP allows the EPA to review and approve plans
prior to commencement of work.
The following is a discussion of the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site's physical description and
operational and regulatory history. The site background information provided in this section is
taken from the following documents and their references.
1) Work Assignment Form for Work Assignment No. 029-RICO-A44F Rev. 0 (EPA,
2001).
2) Expanded Site Inspection, Sigmon's Septic Tank Service, March 31, 2000 (NCDENR,
2000a).
3) Combined Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection, September 30, 1998 (NCDENR,
1998).
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: I
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 2 of20
1.1 Location and Description of the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
The Sigmon's Septic Tank Site is located at 1268 EufolaRoad approximately 5 miles southwest
of Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina (NCDENR, 2000a). The site is located between
Eufola Road to the north and Lauren Drive to the south. Private landowners own the properties
located east and west of the site; the Pine Grove Cemetery is also located east of the site
(NCDENR, 2000a; USGS, 1993). A landing strip is located about 0.5 mile south of the site
(USGS, 1993). The site location is shown on Figure 1-1.
The site is approximately 15.35 acres in size (Moore, 1996a). According to Iredell County plat
maps, the site is divided into two properties; the southern parcel is 8.9 acres in size and is listed in
the name of the deceased Mr. Henry Sigmon, and the northern parcel is 6.45 acres in size and is
owned by his daughter, Ms. Mary Sigmon. Mary Sigmon and her family live in the onsite residence
on the northern property. A 1.25-acre pond (former borrow pit) is located south of the Sigmon
house (Black & Veatch, 200 I c ). An office for Sigmon Environmental, Inc., (the current name of
the business) is located south of the pond. An open-walled, roofed storage building is located to
the east of the office. The office is accessed via a gravel driveway that runs north-south. Further
south along the gravel drive is an old storage shed. At the time of the site visit there were empty,
rusted drums; buckets; old tires; old car seats; and other debris within and near the storage shed.
According to Mary Sigmon, these materials are all from her father's operations; the drums formerly
contained car wash fluids and/or liquid waste from International Paper (Black & Veatch, 200 I c ).
Approximately I 00 feet south of the shed next to the gravel drive are six aboveground storage
tanks (ASTs) containing liquid wastes. The ASTs include: 2 rectangular concrete basins
(approximately 1,000 gallons each), 2 cylindrical rusted tanks (approximately I 0,000 gallons
each), and 2 cylindrical rusted tanks (approximately 12,000 gallons each). According to Mary
Sigmon, the waste contained in the AS Ts predates Sigmon Environmental operations and the
source of the waste is unknown (Black & Veatch, 2001c).
A waste pile and former lagoons are located in the southern portion of the site. Two lightly
vegetated open pits approximately 2 to 3 feet in depth are located near the southeastern comer of
the site. The two pits are approximately 30 feet by IO feet and 15 feet by 8 feet in size. The site
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REF. USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: TROUTMAN, NC 1993.
SITE LOCATION MAP
SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE
STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
1-3
1" = 3,000'
FIGURE
1-1
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Section; I
REVISED FINAL
July I 9, 2002
Page4 of20
is fenced with a4-foot barbed wire fence, and warning signs are posted on the fence and trees.
There are breaks in the fence on the eastern and southern sides of the site (Black & Veatch,
2001c). A site layout map is provided as Figure 1-2.
1.3 Operational History of the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Sigmon Septic Tank Service, a wholly owned subsidiary of AAA Enterprises, was owned and
operated by the Sigmon family since 1948. In 1970, the Henry Sigmon purchased the property
at 1268 Eufola Road and moved operations to this location (Moore, 1996b). The business
pumped septic tank wastes and heavy sludges from residential, commercial, and industrial
customers; installed and repaired septic tanks; and provided a variety of industrial waste removal
services. In 1980, a nephew of Henry Sigmon, Mr. Frank Sigmon, stated to North Carolina
Department of Human Services that the septic service had pumped from Barnhardt, Clark
Equipment, and Union Glass (Grayson, 1980). In 1996, Henry Sigmon mentioned to NCDENR
that some of the septic wastes came from a medical supply company, Zimmer Industries, and a
metal treating business, Ro-Mac Company, (Moore, 1996b ). Other than those sources mentioned
by Mary Sigmon, no other sources of septic waste have been named in the file material.
From 1970 to 1978, the wastewaters were discharged to the City of Statesville sewer. Around
1973 or 1974, the service received permits and land applied sludges to area farmlands (Moore,
1996b ). The process ofland application appears to have continued until at least 1989, according
to septage management applications filed by AAA Enterprises (NCDSWM, 1989a; NCDSWM,
1989b; NCDSWM, 1992). The file material does not specify on which properties the sludges
were applied and whether the farmlands produced food crops. Around 1978 or 1979, the
Sigmons dug several lagoons at the site and began placing septic wastes inside these lagoons
(Moore, 1996b; Readling, 1990). Henry Sigmon stated that he had received verbal permission
from the Iredell County Health Department and the Mooresville Regional Office ofNCDENR to
construct and use the lagoons for septage disposal. No permits were issued for the lagoons
(Moore, 1996b; Readling, 1990). It is unknown if the lagoons ever discharged overland to the
surface water pathway. AAA Enterprises and Sigmon Septic Tank Service ceased doing business
for financial reasons on September 28, 1995 (Homesley, 1996). Shortly thereafter, Mary Sigmon
purchased two trucks from Sigmon Septic Tank Service and st_arted Sigmon Environmental,
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REF. -USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: TROUTMAN, NC 1993.
SITE LAYOUT MAP
SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE
STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
1-5
1" = 600'
FIGURE
1-2
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Taruc Site
Section; I
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 6 of20
the current operator of septic waste services at the site (Moore, 1996b ). Sigmon Environmental
has been permitted to discharge to the Irwin Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant and the McAlpine
Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant since late 1995 (NCDSWM, 1995; NCDSWM, 1997a;
NCDSWM, 1997b).
The number and size of the unlined lagoons which existed at the site is unclear after a thorough
review of the file material. Eight to ten unlined lagoons were utilized to hold septic wastes. Some
references indicate the lagoons were uniform in size while others depict lagoons differing widely in
size (Connell, 1995; DeRosa, 1996; Grayson, 1980; Martin, 1992; Moore, 1996b; Readling,
1990; Sigmon, 1980, Sigmon, 1995). Attimes, some of the lagoons were connected with piping,
referred to as a septic T, to drain water from other lagoons and facilitate the dewatering of the
sludges (Readling, 1990). As of September 1990, eight unlined lagoons were active; six were used
for septic waste and the remaining two for dewatering (Readling, 1990). According to the son,
Mr. Barry Sigmon, no septage was added to the lagoons after the spring of 1992 (Martin, 1992).
1.4 Regulatory History of the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
The site was first investigated in June 1980 when the North Carolina Department of Human
Services inspected the site for septage disposal problems (Grayson, 1980). Nine temporary
monitoring wells were installed in the vicinity of the lagoons in September 1980 by the North
Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources. The samples were analyzed for
alkalinity, bicarbonate, carbonate, chloride, dissolved solids, hardness, and pH (NCDEM, 1980).
In November 1980, Sigmon Septic Tank Service submitted an interim status hazardous waste
permit application (EPA Part A) indicating that the site was used for disposal ofhazardous waste.
The site was assigned EPA identification number NCO 062 555 792. Over the subsequent 17
months, Mary Sigmon rescinded their permit application as a generator and requested that the
facility be reclassified as a transporter ofhazardous wastes (Sigmon, 1980; Sigmon, 1981; Sigmon,
I 982; Zeller, 1981 ).
In either 1985 or 1986, two of the lagoons were apparently covered and closed out (NCDENR,
1998). In 1987,, North CarolinaDepartmentofNatural Resources and Community Development
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section; I
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 7 of20
installed and sampled four additional temporary wells (MW I through MW 4) along the western
edge of the lagoons and south of the storage shed (NCDNRCD, 1987). Analytical results
indicated elevated levels of nitrates, barium, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, and lead
above EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) or the Title I SA Subchapter 21 Classification
and Water Quality Standards Applicable to the Groundwaters ofNorth Carolina. A sample of
wastewater from the lagoons was also collected at this time and contained elevated levels of
arsenic, aluminum, copper, iron, mercury, magnesium, manganese, lead, and zinc (NCDENR,
1998; NCDENR, 2000a).
Since 1989, Sigmon's Septic Tank Service has submitted applications and received permits from
the North Carolina Septage Management Program to operate a Septage Management Firm and
a Septage Disposal Site. The permit states that pumpings may only be discharged at specified
wastewater treatment plants (NCDENR, 1998).
In June 1990, the Division of Environmental Management (DEM) analyzed groundwater samples
from monitoring wells MW3 and MW 4 and detected elevated levels of iron, lead, manganese, and
mercury above North Carolina groundwater standards (Readling, 1990). On August 9, 1990,
DEM notified Sigmon's Tank Septic Service of a notice of violation regarding the groundwater
contaminant levels (DeRoller, 1991 ). Sigmon' s was required to submit a site assessment report
and to install two monitoring wells to replace wells MW! and MW2 which had been damaged
(NCDENR, 1998).
In September 1990, the DEM referred the site to the North Carolina Hazardous Waste Section.
A site investigation was conducted in 1990 by the North Carolina Hazardous Waste Section. It
' was observed that two of the lagoons had been closed out and that two other lagoons contained
the water run-off from the remaining six lagoons. That water was used for irrigation purposes
(Readling, 1990).
In March 1991, the Division of Solid Waste Management issued a notice of violation regarding
groundwater contaminant levels in onsite monitoring wells and required the liquid waste and soil
of the lagoons to be characterized in each of the lagoons (DeRoller, 1991 ). Additionally, beginning
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Taruc Site
Section: I
REVISED FfNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 8 of20
in 1991 DEM has collected groundwater samples from nearby private wells. Detectable or
elevated concentrations of metals and organic contaminants have been detected in several of those
samples (NCDENR, 2000a).
On August 31, and September I, 1992, DEM and the North Carolina Hazardous Waste Section
conducted a site investigation and sampling trip to determine whether the wastes in the lagoons
were hazardous. Water samples were collected from the eight remaining lagoons and sludge
samples were collected from five of the eight lagoons. Analytical results indicated the detectable
or elevated concentrations of7 metals and 13 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the aqueous
samples and 4 metals and 18 VOCs in the sludge samples. All concentrations were below
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure
(TCLP) levels; therefore, the site was transferred to the North Carolina Solid Waste Section for
continued evaluation (NCDENR, 1998).
On May 5, 1993, DEM analyzed groundwater samples from two monitoring wells and found
elevated levels of mercury, lead, 2-chlorotoluene, benzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, butylbenzene,
and naphthalene above the North Carolina groundwater standards. The Sigmon' s were issued
another notice of violation and were ordered to supply an alternate source of drinking water for
two residences located approximately 400 feet southwest of the lagoons (Moore, 1996a,
NCDENR, 2000a).
In September 1993, the Sigmon Septic Tank Service hired Shield Environmental Associates, Inc.,
to sample and characterize the sludges in the eight unlined lagoons to comply with a closure request
by NCDENR DepartrnentofEnvironmental Management (Burrows, 1993). The results indicated
elevated levels of total petroleum hydrocarbons, metals, and several organic compounds (Burrows,
1993; NCDENR, 2000a). Seven of the eight lagoons were closed by April 1995 and the final
lagoon, used to store surface water runoff during the closure process, was closed in May 1995
(Sigmon, 1995). Reportedly, the lagoon sludges were excavated to a depth ofl O feet, mixed with
sawdust, and stockpiled in one of the lagoons (Connell, 1995). However, a neighbor who assisted
in the closure, Mr. Danny Lambreth, claims that sawdust was not added to the sludge (Black &
Veatch, 2001 d). The lagoons were backfilled with soil excavated from the northern portion of the
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RJCO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 1
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 9 of20
site. In late 1996, NCDENR visually estimated the quantity of sludge in the waste pile as 2,000
to 2,700 tons and the areal dimensions of the former lagoon area as approximately 215 feet by 250
feet, or 1.21 acres (Moore, 1996b ).
In December 1995, the site was referred to the North Carolina Superfund Section by DEM
regarding a possible emergency removal action determination for the waste pile (Connell 1995).
Land application of the sludge was considered but denied due to lack of sufficient acreage to apply
the sludge (NCDENR, 1998).
In December 1996, the site was added to the CERCLIS database for further investigation
(DeRosa, 1996). In January 1997, the North Carolina Superfund Section referred the site to the
EPA Region 4 Emergency Response and Removal Branch for a removal evaluation. In April
1997, EPA responded that the site did not meet the criteria for an emergency removal action (Lair,
1997).
In 1998, the North Carolina Superfund Section conducted a combined Preliminary
Assessment/Site Inspection (P NS!) for the site. The P NSI included the collection of nine
groundwater samples, 15 soil samples (including one duplicate), eight surface water samples
(including one duplicate), and nine sediment samples (including one duplicate). The samples were
analyzed for inorganics, volatile organics, extractable organics, and polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs ). The P NS! confirmed the presence of groundwater contamination south and east of the
site; constituents detected in the wells included barium, chromium, lead, manganese, mercury,
chlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2-dichlorobenzene. The investigation also confirmed
the presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in the soils associated with the lagoons and
waste pile. The surface water pathway was also a concern. Samples from two of the primary
points of entry (PPEs) that were documented as fisheries contained barium, chromium, lead,
manganese (Davidson pond), and magnesium (an unnamed tributary). PCBs were not detected
above the sample quantitation limit in any of the P NS! samples (NCDENR, 2000a).
An Expanded Site Inspection (ES!) was completed by the North Carolina Superfund Section in
March 2000 (NCDENR, 2000a). The ES! included the collection of nine groundwater samples
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: I
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page IO of20
(including one duplicate), ten soil samples (including one duplicate), six surface water samples, and
six sediment samples. The samples were analyzed for inorganics, volatile organics, and extractable
organics. One groundwater sample was collected from an onsite monitoring well. The remaining
groundwater samples (including one duplicate) were collected from private wells, including one
private well that served as a background well. Three of the soil samples (and one duplicate) were
collected from the lagoons at depths of 1 to 3 or I to 4 feet below land surface (bls). Two soil
samples were collected from the waste pile at a depth of approximately one foot into the pile. Two
soil samples were collected as background surface and subsurface soil samples. The remaining
two soil samples were collected from the drainage ditch on both sides of the culvert leading to the
Davidson pond to determine attribution ofcontamination found in the pond. Two surface water
and sediment samples were collected from the Davidson pond, one from the PPE into the pond
and one from just upgradient of the discharge culvert from the pond to the downgradient surface
water pathway. One surface water and sediment sample was collected at the PPE into the
perennial stream located southwest of the site. Two surface water and sediment samples were
collected upstream of that PPE as attribution samples. One surface water and sediment sample
was collected from the West's pond to serve as a background sample. ESI sample locations are
shown on Figure 1-3.
Several constituents were detected in groundwater samples at concentrations either two times
greater than background levels or exceeding sample quantitation limits (SQ Ls), including: aluminum
(8800 µg/L), arsenic (4.2J µg/L), barium(83 to 620 µg/L), chromium (86 µg/L), cobalt(l.2 to 39
µg/L), iron(! 1000 µg/L), manganese(IS to27000 µg/L), mercury(l .lJ to6.6J µg/L), nickel (2.3
to 73 µg/L), I, 1-dicholoroethane (3 µg/L), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (8 µg/L), 1,3-dichlorobenzene (I
µg/L), 1,4-dichlorobenzene (2 to 11 µg/L), acetone (SJ to 29J µg/L), benzene (2 µg/L),
chlorobenzene (72 µg/L), chloroethane (I µg/L), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (3 µg/L), and total xylenes
(2 µg/L). Analytical results are summarized in Table 1-1.
The soil samples collected from the waste pile were compared to the surface soil background
sample; the soil samples from the lagoon were compared to the subsurface soil background
sample. The following constituents were detected in the waste pile samples at concentrations either
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/✓-, .,,
,' ~ .
\ -4"-' i\
,,
J /
/ ' •
I
(" _ __/
~== A_,.
~~~G=~~~~ -~:..,--:: /'I lt ------== _ _....-_......... .../'_,II'
« /I" _/ 7 •' '-._/1· ::/"-' --~Aifiiiliim
, __ -
/ !SST-12-'J
SST -01-,_IL--
.,,-.--' • ...------..r .::, --:::::::::.r:-~ ~ ,_,,.,,....,..,.......,,..,"'""'
J t ~~~~!1.,..-,l~o/~~ ---~ /
I ~-......__-:
....___,. ---~
900--
• • / °j -~ . .
------,.,,. ~
■ SOILS SAMPL£ LOCA TJON
£ COLLOCATED SURFACE \/ATER/SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATICJ-1
.........
,---\
-..,_..._
__,J
'"-
REFS. -USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: TROUTMAN, NC 1993; NCDENR, ESI REPORT SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SERVICE, MARCH 2000.
SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE
STATESVILLE, I REDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
1-11
HISTORICAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS
DECEMBER 1999 ESI
l -11
1" = 600'
FIGURE
1-3
---- ---- ---
Table 1-1
Analytical Results for ESI Groundwater Samples
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service
Sample Description SST-001-MW SST-002-PW SST-003-PW SST-103-PW SST-004-PW SST-005-PW SST-006-PW SST-007-PW SST-008-PW
Duplicate of Region 9 North On-site the PRGs Carolina Monitoring Cascadden Cascadden Sheppard Lambreth/ John Davidson Background (Tap Water Federal 2L Contaminant well Lees well well well well Potts well Lambreth well well well Vatuesl MCL Standards lnorganics (ug/Ll
IAtuminum !llll\l!18800)1ffil ----49U 3600 50 to 200• ND Arsenic lll!i!i!i(4,2Uf,m,;r ----------2.2UJ 0.045 50 50 Barium ~'lli620:itB 16 ~!1380E..~ ailM'i380W!W 83 31 32 --22 260 2000 2000 Calcium 210000 12000 22000 24000 13000 2700 4500 6200 2800 ND ND ND Chromium !::'~86~~ -------0.70U 11 100 50 Cobalt 39 --2.6 2.4 1.2 ----0.60U 220 ND ND Co""er 26J 33J ------38J 30J 140 1300 .. 1000 Iron llllW1:1 ooo:;,iw; ----------60U 1100 300° 300 Lead 12 -4.4 3 -2 4.6 8.6 3.4 ND 15 .. 15 Magnesium 64000 -10000 10000 3800 1600 400U ND ND ND Manganese ~27.000ffi 21 ~2601~ m/260jl'l,8 !',iJ&\1 00IW.11 15 7 --4.2 88 ND 50 Mercurv l!!Ei\llf 6! 6U lfilij;fu! --!Jll:tli~,le3US ili~1~1~!il!lit~ lil1!!'!.{4!6Umi'i!ll ----0.10UJ 1.1 2 1.1 Nickel a.\'.C{7.5~~~ --4.2 2.3 ----1.3U 73 ND 100 Potassium 11000J 1300J 4700J 4700J 2400J 1800J 1900J 1800J 1500J ND ND ND Sodium 120000 3300 7800 8600 5000 2200 1600 5100 1400 ND ND ND lzinc 44 110 31 28 --200 820 560 1100 ND 2100 Organic (ug/L)
1, 1 dlchloroethane 3 -0.6J 0.6J 0.8J ----1U 81 ND 700 1,2-dichlorobenzene 8 --1U 37 600 620 1,3-dichlorobenzene ~~i1i~~ --------1U 0.55 600 620 1,4-dichlorobenzene ~1,1~:lil!il!~ --;,~0·;5!]~~ .!lil'l:0!6:11¼1~ ~,Ill¾ 2;ffiliill1 ----1U 0.5 75 75 !Acetone 29J 5J ----------5UR 61 ND 700 Benzene w~~2i....~ -----l!!i!dl0?A~J;.'l',:,ri ---1U 0.35 5 1 Chlorobenzene ~:l,1172~ -----1U 11 ND 50 Chloroethane 1 ---------1U 4.6 ND ND cis-1,2-dichloroethene 3 --0.8J 0.8J 0.8J ----1U 6.1 70 70 y1enes, total 2 --0.5J 1U 140 10000 530 Notes:
ND= Not Determined
--Indicates that the constituent was not detected above the sample quantitation limit.
*=Secondary drinking water regulation
** = Action level
ShadinQ = Exceeds PRG, MCL, or NC 2L Standards
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: I
REVlSED FrNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 13 of20
two times greater than the surface soil background concentration or exceeding the SQ Ls: aluminum
(31000 mg/kg), antimony (42J mg/kg), arsenic (3.2 to 3.8 mg/kg), barium (230 to 310 mg/kg),
cadmium (3.9J to 4.61 mg/kg), chromium (60 to 75 mg/kg), copper (200J to 3801 mg/kg), iron
(17000 to 23000 mg/kg), lead (l 80J mg/kg), manganese (180 to 290 mg/kg), mercury (0.26 to
0.56 mg/kg), nickel (61 to 74 mg/kg), silver (3.5 mg/kg), vanadium (41 to 49mg/kg), zinc (870
to 880 mg/kg), 3-and/or 4-methylphenol (72001 µg/kg), 1,1-biphenyl (17001 µg/kg), 4-
chloroaniline (34001 to 14001 µg/kg), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (250 µg/kg), 1,3-dichlorobenzene (19
µg/kg), 1,4-dichlorobenzene (24 to 120 µg/kg), 2-methylnaphthalene (I 900] to 36001 µg/kg),
acetone (21 µg/kg), benzyl butyl phthalate (220000 µg/kg), bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (38000 to
240000 µg/kg), chlorobenzene (l lJ µg/kg), ethyl benzene ( 41 µg/kg), methyl butyl ketone (270
µg/kg), methylcyclohexane ( 40 µg/kg), naphthalene (2500J to 3 7001 µg/kg), phenanthrene (I 8001
µg/kg), toluene (63 µg/kg), and total xylenes (200 µg/kg). Analytical results are summarized in
Table 1-2.
The following constituents were detected at elevated concentrations in the lagoon soil samples
when compared to the background subsurface soil sample: antimony (251 to 29] mg/kg), barium
(140 to 1400 mg/kg), cadmium (0.571 to 3.81 mg/kg), chromium ( 40 to 140 mg/kg), copper (64J
to 340] mg/kg), lead (841 to250J mg/kg), manganese (160to 240mg/kg), mercury(0.51 to 0.8
mg/kg), nickel (20 to 350 mg/kg), selenium (I .6J to 2.51 mg/kg), silver (3.2 mg/kg), zinc (310 to
1400 mg/kg), 3-and/or4-methylphenol (23000 to 48000 µg/kg), 1, I-bi phenyl (21001 to 35001
µg/kg), 4-chloroaniline (94001 to 14000] µg/kg), 1,3-dichlorobenzene (76 to 170 µg/kg), 1,4-
dichlorobenzene ( 44 to 290 µg/kg), 2-methylnaphthalene (22001 to 43001 µg/kg), acetone ( 43 to
160 µg/kg), benzenaldehyde (30001 µg/kg), benzene (141 to 18 µg/kg), bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
(920J to I 00000 µg/kg), chlorobenzene (74 to 5000] µg/kg), cyclohexane (39 µg/kg), dimethyl
phthalate ( 47000 µg/kg), ethyl benzene (190 to 300 µg/kg), isopropylbenzene (I lJ to 161 µg/kg),
methyl ethyl ketone (34 to 76 µg/kg), methyl isobutyl ketone (80 µg/kg), methylcyclohexane (26
to 180 µg/kg), naphthalene (2000J to 11 000J µg/kg), toluene (210 to 70001 µg/kg), and total
xylenes (151 to 1300 µg/kg). Analytical results are summarized in Table 1-2. The soil samples
collected in the drainage ditch were compared to the background surface soil sample. The
following constituents were detected at elevated concentrations when compared to the background
surface soil sample: aluminum (30000 mg/kg), arsenic (2.7 to 3.4 mg/kg), barium
-
Sample Description
Contaminant
lnoroanlcs lmo/kal
luminum
Anlimonv
!Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium, total
Cobalt
Iron
Lead
Maanesium
Manaanese
Mercurv
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Vanadium
Zinc
Oraanics fuci/kal
3 &/or 41 methvlohenol
1, 1-biohenvl
4-chloroanmne
1,2-dichlorobenzene
1.3-dichlorobenzene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
2,4-dinitroto!uene
2-methvlnaohthalene
4-nifroohenol
cenaohthene
cetone
6 nthracene
Benzenaldehvde
Benzene
Benzo alanthracene
Benzo a rene
Benzo b)fluoranlhene
Benzo ohilanthracene
Benzo klfluoranlhene
Benzvl buh t ohthalate
-- ---
Table 1-2
Analytical Results for ESI Soll Samples
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service
--· -
SST-009-WS SST-010-WS SST-011-WS SST-012-WS SST-013-WS SST-113-WS SST-014-SS SST-014-SB SST-017-SL SST-018-SL
Waste Pile
(0-12" bis)
Waste Pile
(0-12" bis)
Lagoon
sample
(12-24" bls)
Lagoon
sample
(12-48" bis)
Lagoon
sample
(12-24" bis)
Duplicate
(12-24" bis)
Background
{6-12" bis)
Background
(24-36" bis)
Drainage ditch
on Lauren Dr.,
west of pond
(0-12" bis)
Drainage ditch
on Lauren Dr.,
east of pond
(0-12" bis)
4100 6500 1700 9600 5600 9100 600U 640U --2700
---0.89UJ 1.SUJ 7.8J
4100 2700 3800 1200 2800 3000 180 450 1300 4200
3200 2200 3300 990 2400 2500 240 570 1100 4000
380 1200 760 1200 3100 4000 36U 38U -110
7200J 23000
1700J 2100J 2400J
14000J 3400J 89J 9400J 14000J
250 6J
7J 19 76
24 120 44 10J 290
3600J 1900J 2200J 2700J
21 67 43 160
3000J
18 14J
220000
23000
3500J
9800J
170
100
4300J
130
14J
370U
370U
11U
11U
11U
11U
370U
370U
920U
370U
11U
370U
370U
11U
370U
370U
370U
370UJ
370U
370U
50J
400U
130J
12U
12U
12U
45J
400U
79J
60J
12U
400U
400U
12U
400U
400U
400U
400UJ
400U
400U
440J
130J
52J
~!;i'B30°iu-~
~7.30)~1
280J
840
-
Region 9
PRGs
(Residential
Values)
7600
3.1
0.39
540
3.7
ND
30
470
290
2300
40
ND
180
2.3
160
ND
39
39
ND
55
2300
31000
3500000
24000
3700000
1300
3400
720
ND
49000
370000
160000
2200000
610000
650
620
62
620
ND
6200
ND
-
NC Soil
Values
ND
ND
ND
848
ND
ND
27
ND
ND
ND
270
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
7000
24000
1000
ND
3000
ND
8000
2810
995000
ND
5.6
340
88
1000
6720000
12000
ND
-
EPA
SSLs
50
3.5
10
165
1.6
ND
04
20
40
200
50
ND
100
0.1
30
ND
0.81 .
2
ND
2
50
ND
60000
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
20000
ND
100
ND
50
ND
100
ND
ND
ND
ND
-
.....
I .....
V,
-
Table 1-2
Analytical Results for ESI Soil Samples
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service
Sample Description SST-009-WS SST-010-WS SST-011-WS SST-012-WS SST-013-WS SST-113-WS SST-014-SS
lagoon lagoon Lagoon
Waste Pile Waste Pile sample sample sample Duplicate Background
Contaminant (0-12'' bis) (0-12" bis) (12-24" bis) (12-48" bis) (12-24" bis) (12-24" b1s) (6-12" bis)
bis/2-eth\ lhexvllohthalate ~24_0000.1~ ~380"0Q]:~ 920J ~~100000,IR J,al97.000~ t,~t£:7Ao·oom 370U
Carbazole ---------370U
Carbon disulfide SJ 4J 7J 4J BJ 9J 11U
Chlorobenzene 11J 9J ~.}3N7~4L\-~ 10J ~5000~~ ~200~ 11U
Chrvsene ---------370U
Cvclohexane ----39 -----11U
Dibenzofuran -----370U
Dimethvl ohthalate ---47000 370U
Eth, I benzene 41 r~300l~w;_c. i3..,ffi190~ ~!l'Jf280~1 11U
Fluoranthene -----------370U
Fluorene -------370U
ldeno/1,2,3-cd rene ---370UJ
lsonro benzene ---12J 11J 16J 11U
Methvl butvl ketone -270 -------11U
Methvl ethvl ketone --34 -76 70 11U
Methyl isobutyl ketone ----80 11U
Methy1cyclohexane SJ 40 180 --26 38 11U Nanhthalene ;;i-,"'•"'31.00:i~rJJ ~2500!1~ -tffl2000J~~ ~s200:n~ ifl'Mi10~0IJ~ 370U
n-nitroso di-n-pronvlamine -------11U
Phenathrene ~~1800~~ -------370U
Phenol ----------370U
Pvrene -----------370U
Stvrene ----------11U Tetrachloroeth\ lene -SJ ----11U
Toluene 17 -!63'i,~ idriN2;to~ 4J 97000J!!lll ~290~ 11U x, lenes, total --fr~-200U.:19 ilMI13'ocr~ 15J G'w.l\730~!i ~200l1.llll 11 U
ND= Not Determined
---Indicates that the oonstituent was not detected above the sample quantitation limit.
Shadinq -Exceeds PRG, NC soil value, or EPA SSL
- - ---- --- -
SST-014-S8 SST-017-Sl SST-018-SL
Drainage ditch Drainage ditch Region 9 on Lauren Dr., on Lauren Dr., PRGs Background west of pond east of pond (Residential NC Soil EPA
(24-36" bis) (0-12" bls) (0-12" bis) Values) Values SSLs
2700 --35000 ND ND
400U --270J 24000 ND ND
12U --36000 4000 ND
12U --15000 ND 50
400U --920 62000 38000 ND
12U ----1400000 ND 100
400U -68J 29000 4700 ND
400U -460 100000000 ND 200000
12U ----2300000 240 50
400U -~;(1,;1 !300~1'.~~ 230000 276000 100
400U -120J 260000 44000 ND
400UJ 320J 620 3000 ND
12U --ND 2000 ND
12U ----ND ND ND
12U --730000 690 ND
12U --79000 ND ND
12U ---260000 ND ND
400U ----5600 580 100 _,0UliJ[ilffi ---69 ND 20000
400U ~~1200;~ ND 60000 100
"'1':fl90Ilf.i'l~ --3700000 ND 50
400U !'#At1·1300~~ 230000 286000 100
12U 4J 1700000 ND 100
12U -5700 7.4 10 12U 520000 7000 50
12U ----210000 5000 50
- - -- -- -
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: I
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 16 of20
(85 to 160 mg/kg), chromium (21 to 31 mg/kg), cobalt(7.8J mg/kg), copper(lOJto 24J mg/kg),
iron (19000 to 20000 mg/kg), lead (l 2J to 131 mg/kg), manganese (1300 to 4200 mg/kg), nickel
(8.2 to 17 mg/kg), vanadium ( 45 to 46 mg/kg), zinc (36 to I 00 mg/kg), benzenaldehyde ( 440J
µg/kg), benzo(a)anthracene (830 µg/kg), benzo(a)pyrene (730 µg/kg), benzo(b )fluoranthene (960
µg/kg), benzo(k)fluoranthene (840 µg/kg), chrysene (920 µg/kg), dimethyl phthalate ( 460 µg/kg),
fluoranthene (1600 µg/kg), phenanthrene ( 1200 µg/kg), and pyrene (1600 µg/kg). Analytical
results are summarized in Table 1-2.
Surface water sample SST-023-SW was considered a background sample during the ESI;
however, it was collected from a surface water pathway that could potentially be impacted by the
site. The following constituents were detected in surface water samples at elevated concentrations
when compared to background sample SST-021-SW: aluminum(l900 µg/L), arsenic(3.6J to l 8J
µg/L), barium (14 to 210 µg/L), cadmium (1 to 1.2 µg/L), cobalt (4.8 to 14 µg/L), iron (740 to
7000 µg/L), lead (1.3 to4. l µg/L), manganese(35 to 1300 µg/L), nickel (4.3 to 11 µg/L), and zinc
(85 to 220 µg/L). The highest concentrations of these constituents were typically found in the
samples collected from the Davidson pond. Analytical results are summarized in Table 1-3.
Sediment sample SST-023-SD was considered a background sample during the ESI; however,
it was collected from a surface water pathway that could potentially be impacted by the site. The
following constituents were detected in sediment samples at elevated concentrations when
compared to background sample SST-021-SD: arsenic (8 mg/kg), barium (210 mg/kg), chromium
( 46 mg/kg), copper (37 J mg/kg), iron (3200 to 3 7000 mg/kg), manganese (280 to 380 mg/kg),
nickel (21 mg/kg), and zinc (150 mg/kg). Analytical results are summarized in Table 1-4.
The two soil samples collected from the drainage ditch upgradientofthe Davidson pond have also
been included on Table 1-4. Although not detected above the SQ Ls of the background sediment
sample, numerous polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in the Davidson
pond. Many of these constituents were also detected in the soil sample SST-018-SL collected in
the drainage ditch between the road and the pond, indicating that contamination in the pond may
be attributable to a source other than the site.
>-"
I >-" ---,
------------- -
Table 1-3
Analytical Results for ESI Surface Water Samples
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service
Sample Description SST-019-SW SST-020-SW SST-021-SW SST-022-SW SST-023-SW SST-024-SW
Davidson pond
Davidson pond surface water Surtace water
suface water sample(at the attribution sample for Surface water sample
sample(at culvert discharge into the PPE#2 from an downstream of pond Upstream surface
discharge into the intermittent steam). unnamed tributary in intermittent water sample on Surface water
Contaminant pond). PPE#1 PPE#1 (background) tributarv (attribution) unnamed tributary sample from PPE#2
lnoraanic tua/L)
I Aluminum -00.t!i~~J goo~iz..~11 420U --.o....,enic 4.8J 3.6J 2.2UJ --18J
Barium 210 120 3.6U 14 26 15
Cadmium !1~1121\l\~~ -0.30U -l'W'l!~S!1!ill:l!ll.i!l\llllJ --
Calcium 8700 6300 2600U 4000 6000 4300
Cobalt 14 4.8 0.60U -----
Iron lll'il'~<M•.c00011!i.n!:t'l!i l'iilllii.>i!i34 001!!.."llcll!l~ 360U --740
Lead 1.3 ii!,,,._ 4 .\1ffl>lll!;! 1.1U ----
Maqnesium 2700 2000 1400 1200 2700 1500 Manaanese 1300 770 9.4 11 130 35
Nickel 11 4.3 1.3U -----
Potassium 20000J 16000J 4200J 1600J 4300J 2400J
Sodium 4400 1400 160U 4200 4900 4200 Zinc 'l'i'!;l'~220!'J;'a!W 'l,;~85~~J,\S 1.3U ---Oraanic lua/U
Acetone 13J -BJ ---I Toluene ---1U -0.4J -I
---Indicates that the constituent was not detected above the sample quantitation limit.
ND= Not Determined
Shadino = Exceeds screenino value
-- ---
NC NC
Freshwater Freshwater
Standards Standards EPA
(Human (Aq'uatic Freshwater
Heallhl Lile) SWSV
ND ND 87.
ND 50 190
ND ND ND
ND 2 0.66
ND ND ND
ND ND ND
ND 1000 1000
ND 25 1.32
ND ND ND
ND ND ND
ND 88 87.71
ND ND ND
ND ND ND
ND 50 58.91
ND I ND I ND
ND I 11 I 175
-
,-. ,, ,-.
0:,
-- --- ----
Table 1-4
Analytical Results for ESI Sediment Samples
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service
Sample Description SST-019-SD SST-020-SO SST-17-Sl SST-18-SL SST--021-SD
Davidson pond Davidson pond Sedimentr attribution
sediment sample(at sediment samp!e(at sample for PPE#2
culvert discharge the discharge into Drainage Ditch from Drainage Ditch from from an unnamed
into the pond). the intermittent Site to Davidson road to Davidson tributary
Contaminant PPE#1 steam). PPE#1 =nd =nd (backqroundl lnorqanlc (mq/kq)
tuminum 40000 19000 30000 15000 37000 rsenic ;~t1~?fi'8~~ 1.5 2.7 3.4 3.7 Barium 210 28 85 160 82
Calcium 110 --2700 2000U Chromiium 46 8.1 21 31 16 Co r ~~37:J~l.~ 10J :U:~24U&~ ... r.: 11U Iron 37000 16000 20000 19000 11UJ Lead 21J BJ 13J 12J 21J Maonesium 5400 1300 180 450 2600 Manaanese 140 99 37 47 120 Nickel ij!;~;;'!:i121it~i1~ 3.5 8.2 ~~~17$~ 7.7 Potassium 5100 1700 1100 4000 2200 Sodium 98 99 110 12ou anadium 85 35 46 45 54 Zinc ,"<t.~4..150~~~ 27 36 100 45 Oraanic tua/ka\
Anthracene 82J -.. .. 1100U Benzo alanthracene ~"1"1M430J~ --~830~~'ll! 1100U Benzo alnvrene ,r,~;:::-~:-iti'450:J!l?..-A-~1l .. -&4'~730/&~~ 1100U Benzo b}fluoranthene 560 --960 1100U Benzo ahimvrv1ene 170J 280J 11oou Benzo k)fluoranthene 480J .. -640 1100U Carbazole 99J .. .. -1100U Chrvsene 'H:~~510!1~ --fil'A!'.,lt:l920 l!!i!lli"" 1100U Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 88J 1100U Fluoranthene ~~s:1·oi~~J. .. !i't~·WJ,1600i;~ 1100U lndenot1 ,2,3-cd mvrene 210J -320J 1100U Phenanthrene ~.&md!tS0LI~~~ --1100U l"vrene ~~'.B~0.Haf&.-"5 -.. ,ii;£,ill'ill1800i:i;1!i-!"ll/i 1100U
--Indicates that the constituent was not detected above the sample quantitation limit.
ND = Not Determined
Shadina = Exceeds Sediment Screening Value
-- ----
SST-022-SD SST-023-SD SST-024-SD
Sediment sample EPA
downstream of pond Upstream sediment Sediment
in intermittent sample on unnamed Sediment sample Screening
tributarv (attributionl tributarv from PPE#2 Values
3900 9100 1400 ND
7.24
34 64 10 ND -.. ND
7.7 14 3.5 52.3 .. .. 18.7
5200 12000 3200 ND
2J 9.2J 1.6J 30.2
940 550 180 ND
280 380 44 ND
3.7 4.3 0.9 15.9
780 580 240 ND -ND -27 ND
13 30 5.6 124
--330 .. .. -330 .. . . 330 ---ND .. .. ND ---ND .. --ND .. .. -330 -330 .. 330
.. ND
330
.. 330
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: I
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 19 of20
1.5 Nature and Extent of Contamination at the Sigmon's Septic
Tank Site
A preliminary evaluation of the nature and extent of contamination for the Sigmon's Septic Tank
Site is based primarily on the ESI data. This evaluation addresses the nature and extent of
contamination in soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment by the comparing the ES!
analytical results to current regulatory standards for the appropriate environmental media. These
regulatory standards include:
• Groundwater-EPA Region 9 PRGs for tap water (EPA, 2000a), federal drinking water
standards or MCLs (EPA, 2000b ), and North Carolina Groundwater Standards, 15A
NCAC 21 (NCDENR, 1994).
• Soil -EPA Region 9 preliminary remediation goals (PRGs) for residential soil (EPA,
2000a), North Carolina Contaminated Soil Cleanup Levels, Chapter 15A of the North
Carolina Administrative Code (l'!CAC) Section 21 (NCDENR, 2000b ), and EPA soil
screening levels (SSLs) (EPA, 1999a).
• Surface Water -EPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria-Correction April
1999, Human Health for Consumption of Water and Organisms (EPA, 1999b ), EPA
freshwater surface water screening values (S WSV s) (EPA, 1999a) and North Carolina
Surface Water Quality Standards (SWSs) for freshwater classifications, 15A NCAC
2B.0200 (NCDEHR, 2002).
• Sediment-EPA sediment screening values (SSVs) (EPA, 1999a).
Groundwater. Groundwater contamination, as determined by concentrations detected above
EPA MCLs, EPA PRGs, and/or North Carolina Groundwater Standards, includes both inorganic
and organic constituents. Contaminants detected at concentrations above these levels include:
aluminum, arsenic, barium, chromium, iron, manganese, mercury, nickel, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-
dichlorobenzene, benzene, and chlorobenzene as indicated in Table 1-1.
Soil. Surface and subsurface soil contamination, as determined by concentrations detected above
EPA PRGs, EPA SSLs and/or North Carolina contaminated soil cleanup levels, includes both
inorganic and organic constituents. Contaminants detected at concentrations above these levels
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 040-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 1
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 20 of20
include: aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese,
mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, vanadium, zinc, 3-and/or 4-methylphenol, anthracene,
benzo( a)anthracene, benzo( a)pyrene, benzo(b )fluoranthene, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,
chlorobenzene, ethyl benzene, fluoranthene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, toluene, and total
xylenes as indicated in Table 1-2.
Surface Water. Surface water contamination, as detenmined by concentrations detected above
EPA SWSVs and/or North Carolina SWSs, include inorganic constituents. The following
contaminants were detected above these levels: aluminum, cadmium, iron, lead, and zinc as
indicated in Table 1-3.
Sediment. Sediment contamination as detenmined by concentrations detected above EPA SSVs
includes both organic and inorganic constituents. Contaminants detected above these levels
include: arsenic, copper, nickel, zinc, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, chrysene, fluoranthene,
phenanthrene, and pyrene as indicated on Table 1-4.
Additionally, as waste material from the International Paper Company was reportedly brought to
the site, it is possible that dioxins and furans may be possible contaminants on the site.
More information regarding soil quality, groundwater quality, surface water quality, sediment
quality, and hydrogeologic data for the site area are required to complete a remedial investigation,
a feasibility study, a human health risk assessment, and an ecological risk assessment for the site.
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
2.0 Investigation Objectives
Section: 2
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page l of2
The overall purpose of this RI/FS is to gather representative data necessary to fill in the data gaps
which currently prevent a complete evaluation of the nature and extent of contamination at the
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site. The goal is to develop the minimum amount of data necessary to
support the selection of an approach for site remediation via an FS and a Proposed Plan to support
a Record of Decision (ROD). To accomplish the purposes set forth, it will be necessary to gather
additional data to further characterize the extent of the surface soil, groundwater, surface water,
and sediment contamination at the site.
The following is a summary of the RI/FS objectives that were established for the site:
• Consider the use of all relevant existing data during the RI and justify the need for additional
data.
Determine the natural, or background, physical, chemical, and flow characteristics of the
groundwater in the site area.
• Determine the nature and extent of contamination in the groundwater, surface water, sediment,
and soil that may be attributable to the site relative to local background conditions and
determine contamination of a similar nature possibly resulting from sources other than those
attributable to the site.
• Determine the extent of human contact with potentially contaminated media.
• Collect and evaluate the additional data necessary to develop a human health risk assessment.
• Collect and evaluate the additional data necessary to develop an ecological risk assessment.
• Collect data to allow development of a limited number ofremedial action objectives that are
protective of human health and the environment and to satisfy pertinent applicable or relevant
and appropriate requirements (ARARs).
• Collect data to allow identification and evaluation of a limited number of potential remediation
technologies.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Section: 2
REVISED FINAL
July !9, 2002
Page 2 of2
• Provide post RI/FS support in the form of technical assistance in the preparation of the
Responsiveness Summary, the Proposed Plan, and the ROD when requested.
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
3.0 Investigation Activities
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page I of23
Investigation activity work for the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site is detailed in Sections 3-1 and 3.2.
The field investigation activities are broken down into two sampling events. The purpose of the first
(initial) sampling event is to collect groundwater, surface water, sediment, surface soil, and
subsurface soil samples in order to characterize the site. The first event, discussed in detail in this
FSP, is shown on all figures and tables. The second sampling event in this investigation is planned
only as contingency to provide additional data if required by the results by the initial event. The
estimated number of samples to be collected in the second event are included in this FSP, but the
locations of the samples are not included in the figures or tables (with the exception of surface
water and sediments samples).
The first sampling event will include the measurement of water elevation in potable water wells,
monitoring wells, and surface water bodies to determine the groundwater flow direction; installation
and sampling of permanent monitoring wells in the shallow and deep portions of the surficial aquifer
and underlying fractured bedrock aquifer to document the horizontal and vertical extent of
groundwater contamination; surveying to establish site boundaries, topography, and other features;
collecting groundwater, surface soil, subsurface soil, sediment, and surface water samples;
surveying the locations of soil, surface water, and sediment samples; and surveying the locations
and elevations of potable and monitoring wells. The second sampling event, which would require
re-mobilization to the site, may include additional surface water, sediment, surface soil, subsurface
soil, and groundwater sampling, and slug testing the wells to determine the hydraulic properties of
the aquifers, as required by the results of the first sampling event.
A final mobilization will be required to perform oversightofinvestigation-derived waste (IDW)
disposal. The following discussion of the work at the site is based upon available information and
an initial technical approach to fulfilling the EPA SOW, dated May 7, 2001 (EPA, 2001 ). The
technical approach, including the type and numbers of environmental samples collected, the
methods of chemical analyses, sampling locations, and the procedures for dealing with the ID W
are subject to change pending further discussions between the EPA, Black & Veatch, Black &
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 2 of23
Veatch' s subcontractors, and any other relevant parties. If any deviations to the Final FSP are
necessary, EPA approval must first be obtained and documented.
3.1 Field Investigation
The objectives of the field investigation are to gather the analytical data necessary to better define
the horizontal and vertical extent of soil and groundwater contamination associated with the site.
The objectives will be accomplished by collecting surface soil, subsurface soil, groundwater,
surface water, and sediment samples at the site. For the first sampling event, a total of 66 samples
will be collected for environmental analyses not including samples for QA/QC purposes. These
samples include 12 surface soil samples, 28 subsurface soil samples, 12 groundwater samples, 7
surface water samples, and 7 sediment samples. Samples and analytical parameters are described
in greater detail in the following sections. The proposed sampling locations are listed in Table 3-1
and are identified on Figures 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3. In addition, groundwater arid surface water
elevations will be measured to determine the direction of flow of groundwater at the site.
The second field ( contingency) sampling event may include up to a total of2 l environmental
samples. These samples may include up to 3 surface soil samples, 9 subsurface soil samples, 3
sediment samples, 3 surface water samples, and 3 groundwater samples. In addition, all
groundwater levels sampled during the previous sampling event would be re-sampled. The soil
and water samples are not listed in Table 3-1 or shown in Figures 3-1 or 3-2 because their
locations are unknown at this time. The contingency sediment and surface water samples are listed
in Table 3-1 and shown on Figure 3-3 because their potential locations are more easily predicted.
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 2 !, 2002
Page 3 of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-PW-01 Groundwater -Davidson's well To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
DUPLICATE of contamination; to examine Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
contaminant migration over time;
to measure water level elevation
SS-PW-02 Groundwater Cascadden' s well To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination; to examine Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
contaminant migration over time;
to measure water level elevation
SS-PW-03 Groundwater Sheppard's well To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination; to examine Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
contaminant migration over time;
to measure water level elevation
SS-PW-04 Groundwater -Lambreth's well To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
MSIMSD of contamination; to examine Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
contaminant migration over time;
to measure water level elevation
SS-MW-I0A Shallow surficial Northeast oflagoons on To establish background or up-Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater peak of groundwater divide gradient control shallow surficial Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
concentrations; to measure water
level elevation
SS-MW-1 IA Shallow surficial Within lagoon area, slightly To determine the highest Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater down-gradient of most concentrations of contamination in Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
likely source area the shallow surficial aquifer; to Dioxins
measure water level elevation
SS-MW-11B Deep surficial Within lagoon area, slightly To determine the highest Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater -down-gradient of most concentrations of contamination in Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
MSIMSD likely source area the deep surficial aquifer; to
measure water level elevation
SS-MW-1 IC Fractured Within lagoon area, slightly To detennine the absence or Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
bedrock down-gradient of most presence of contamination in the Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater likely source area fractured bedrock aquifer; to
measure water level elevation
3
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 21, 2002
Page 4 of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-MW-12B Deep surficial Southeast and down-To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Sernivolatiles,
groundwater gradient of lagoons of deep surficial contamination; to Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
measure water level elevation
SS-MW-13A Shallow surficial Southwest and down-To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater gradient of lagoons of shallow surficial contamination; Pesticides/PCBs, Meials
to measure water level elevation
SS-MW-13B Deep surficial Southwest and down-To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater gradient of lagoons of shallow surficial contamination; Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
to measure water level elevation
SS-MW-14 Shallow surticial Southern existing well west To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater oflagoons of shallow surficial contamination; Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
to measure water level elevation;
either SS-MW-14 or SS-MW-15
will be sampled
SS-MW-15 Shallow surficial Northern existing well west To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
groundwater of lagoons of shallow surficial contamination; Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
to measure water level elevation;
either SS-MW-14 or SS-MW-15
will be sampled
SS-SF-0 I Surface soil North of the site To establish background or Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
upgradient control surface soil Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
concentrations Dioxins
SS-SF-02 Surface soil -Northeast of the site To establish background or Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
DUPLICATE upgradient control surface soil Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
concentrations
SS-SF-03 Surface soil Open pit in the southeast of To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
the site of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SF-04 Surface soil Entrance to shed as this is To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
where spills are likely to of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
occur Dioxins
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FrNAL
July 21, 2002
Page 5 of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-SF-05 Surface soil Next to storage tanks at To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
point where spills or leaks of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
most likely occurred
SS-SF-06 Surface soil Soil boring, in waste pile To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
located near geophysical of contamination in the waste pile Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
point 268 (EPA, 2002) at the geophysical anomaly; to Dioxins, pH, TOC, Grain
determine if contamination has Size
migrated to water table
SS-SF-07 Surface soil Soil boring, in waste pile To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
located near geophysical of contamination in the waste pile Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
point 242 (EPA, 2002) at the geophysical anomaly pH, TOC, Grain Size
SS-SF-08 Surface soil Soil boring, located at To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
geophysical point 107 (EPA of contamination in the lagoons at Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
2002) the geophysical anomaly pH, TOC, Grain Size
SS-SF-09 Surface soil Soil boring, located at To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
geophysical point 13 I (EPA of contamination in the lagoons at Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
2002) the geophysical anomaly pH, TOC, Grain Size
SS-SF-10 Surface soil Soil boring, located at To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
geophysical point 218 (EPA of contamination in the lagoons at Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
2002) the geophysical anomaly pH, TOC, Grain Size
SS-SF-1 I Surface soil -Soil boring, located at To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
MS/MSD geophysical point 246 (EPA of contamination in the lagoons at Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
2002) the geophysical anomaly pH, TOC, Grain Size
SS-SF-12 Surface soil Soil boring northwest of To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
lagoons of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
pH, TOC, Grain Size
SS-SB-01 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-01, To establish background or Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis upgradient control subsurface soil Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
concentrations Dioxins
5
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FrNAL
July 2 I, 2002
Page 6 of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-SB-02 Subsurface soil -Same location as SS-SF-02, To establish background or Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
MS/MSD 2-4' bis upgradient control subsurface soil Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
concentrations
SS-SB-03 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-03, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB-04 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-04, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
Dioxins
SS-SB-05 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-05, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-S81-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
groundwater is reached Dioxons
SS-SB2-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
5-7' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater is reached
SS-SB3-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
10-12' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater is reached
SS-S84-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
15-17' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater is reached
SS-S85-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
20-22' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater is reached
SS-SB6-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
25-27' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater is reached
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 21, 2002
Page 7 of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon 's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-SB7-06 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-06, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
30-32' bis of contamination until Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
groundwater is reached
SS-SBl-07 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-07, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB2-07 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-07, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
5-7' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB3-07 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-07, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
I0-12'bls of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB 1-08 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-08, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB2-08 Subsurface soil -Same location as SS-SF-08, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
DUPLICATE 5-7' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB3-08 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-08, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
10-12' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SBl-09 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-09, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB2-09 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-09, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
5-7' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB3-09 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-09, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
10-12' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SBl-10 Suhsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-10, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB2-10 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-10, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
5-7' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB3-l 0 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-10, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
10-12' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
7
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 21, 2002
Page 8 of 23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon 's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-SBl-l l Subsurface soil -Same location as SS-SF-l l, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
MS/MSD 2-4' bls of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB2-l l Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-l l, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
5-7' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SB3-l l Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-1 l, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
10-12' bls of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SBl-12 Subsurface soil Same location as SS-SF-12, To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
2-4' bis of contamination Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
SS-SW-01 Surface water West's pond, located south To establish backgroun or up-Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of the site gradient control surface water Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
concentrations
SS-SW-02 Surface water Intermittent stream down-To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
gradient of Davidson's of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
pond assessments; to determine the
location of groundwater discharge
to surface water
SS-SW-03 Surface water Lambreth spring which To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
feeds Lambreth pond of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
assessments; to determine the
location of groundwater discharge
to surface water, determine
migration of groundwater.
SS-SW-04 Surface water Onsite pond just prior to To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
discharge to intermittent of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
stream assessments
SS-SW-05 Surface water Davidson's pond just prior To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
to discharge to intermittent of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
stream assessments
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RJCO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 21, 2002
Page 9 of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-SW-06 Surface water Lambreth's pond just prior To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
to discharge to intermittent of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
stream assessments
SS-SW-07 Surface water William's pond just prior to To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
discharge to intermittent of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
stream assessments
SS-SW-08 Surface water, Intermittent stream up-To det~nnine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
contingent on gradient of confluence with of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
detection of perennial stream assessments
upgradient
contamination
SS-SW-09 Surface water, Silwinski's lower pond just To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
contingent on prior to discharge to of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
detection of intermittent stream assessments
upgradient
contamination
SS-SW-10 Surface water, Beginning of perennial To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
contingent on stream down-gradient of of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals
detection of confluence of two assessments
upgradient intermittent streams
contamination
SS-SD-01 Sediment Same as SS-SW-0 I To establish backgroun or up-Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
gradient control sediment Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
concentrations pH, TOC,GSD
SS-SD-02 Sediment -Same as SS-SW-02 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
DUPLICATE of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
assessments pH, TOC,GSD
SS-SD-03 Sediment Same as SS-SW-03 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
assessments pH, TOC, GSD
9
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W.Q43
Work Assignment No. 0029·RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Table 3-1
Section: 3
REVISED FrNAL
July 21, 2002
Page IO of23
Proposed Sample Codes, Descriptions, Locations, Rationale, and Analyses
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina
Sample Sample
Code Description Sample Location Rationale Analyses
SS-SD-04 Sediment Same as SS-SW-04 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
assessments pH, TOC,GSD
SS-SD-05 Sediment Same as SS-SW-05 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
assessments pH, TOC,GSD
SS-SD-06 Sediment-Same as SS-SW-06 To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
assessments pH, TOC,GSD
SS-SD-07 Sediment Same as SS-SW-07 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
assessments pH, TOC, GSD
SS-SD-08 Sediment, Same as SS-SW-08 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
contingent on of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
detection of assessments pH, TOC,GSD
upgradient
contamination
SS-SD-09 Sediment, Same as SS-SW-09 To determine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
contingent on of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
detection of assessments pH, TOC,GSD
upgradient
contamination
SS-SD-10 Sediment, Same as SS-SW-10 To detennine the nature and extent Volatiles, Semivolatiles,
contingent on of contamination for risk Pesticides/PCBs, Metals,
detection of assessments pH, TOC,GSD
upgradient
contamination
Notes:
SS -Sigmon's Septic Tank Site MW -Monitoring well (permanent)
SF -Surface soil sample PW -Potable well
SB -Subsurface soil sample SW -Surface water sample
SD -Sediment samnle
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-------------------w I ..... ..... _,.,. .,.,,--JI., ,, ' II ~_.,;·.,,-_,,__,_...., 0 .,,..,-SS-P\./-03 ~ -$-SS-M\./-13A •• $ SS-P\./-04 ---.... ...._ _,; 'w'ASTE PILE AND CIRCLE DRIVE THROUGH FORMER LAGOONS . I --ou1 I _, ........... ---..-·~ .,,..-----· -..,,,..-, ... .... . ,.,. _,,,.,,, .. SS-M\./-llA SS-M\./-llB lC -$-SS-M\./-l~r _,. / ♦ $ $ ~ $ -LEGEND ESTIMATED GROUND\./ATER DIVIDE PROPOSED SHALL□\./ SURFICIAL MONITORING \./ELL (M\./) LOCATION PROPOSED DEEP SURFICIAL MONITORING \./ELL (M\./) L□CA TI□N PROPOSED FRACTURED BEDROCK MONITORING \./ELL (M\./) LOCATION EXISTING SHA LLD\./ SURFICIAL MONITORING \./ELL (M\./) L□CA TION PRIVATE POT ABLE \./ATER \./ELL (P\./) LOCA TIDN ' I • r I I ) t ~) , .. /',~." I LJ,~~f ... ) . ' .,,,: '.,)L! ' l {•: 1 1 I\ J L ,at. 1, " \' ' .. :! t r.., F r,n 1: ; ~ ~-l , , Ii ' ' •J -~~ f ! i' J ' t ~ i; ' .. REF. -USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: TROUTMAN, NC 1993; NCDENR, ESI REPORT, MARCH 2000. ml PROPOSED GROUNDWATER SAMPLE LOCATION MAP SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA ---1" = 300' FIGURE 3-1
-------------------w I ,_. N LEGEND COLLOCATED SURFACE IOI SOIL <SF)/ SUBSURFACE SOIL <SB) HAND AUGERED SAMPLE LOCATION COLLOCATED SURFACE IOI SOIL <SF)/ SUBSURFACE SOIL <SB> BORING SAMPLE LOCATION r,. r.J'. L : ll 1\ .. , 1MJ1'! ;,,...111 :-~ 1 i','-1· • • ['C.J\ r ,L.t'J ,\ ' r~uf):_,~)~ n ,1\! !\ ·~1N · Ii-~• ~ r :· , I'. r \ ( . rn t I J ~ • .,\ r f b .. W lNt.1 · tq.1 .. ,1 ~]I t,r:;:i._,.. ,\I ~) i l I 'Ll ~ t r· . : : /\ 1 1 ~-~ l 1 r\: r 1 ; • ,. ~ f'""'I. SS-SF /SB-11 IOI] ~;;;1.._,__ 'w ASTE PILE AND CIRCLE DRIVE THROUGH FORMER LAGOONS __ • ....___, --I IOI SS-SF /SB-03 j• • 1 ~ REF. -USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: TROUTMAN, NC 1993; BV SITE VISIT, 2001. 1" = 150' ml PROPOSED SOIL SAMPLE LOCATION MAP SIGMON'S SEPTIC TANK SITE STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA FIGURE 3-2
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REF. -USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: TROUTMAN, NC 1993; NCDENR, ESI REPORT, MARCH 2000.
PROPOSED SURFACE WATER/SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION MAP
SIGMON'$ SEPTIC TANK SITE
STATESVILLE, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
3-13
I:,. CCI..LOCATED SURfACE: 'w'ATER (S'w')/
SEDIMENT <SD) SAMPLE LOCATION
1" = 600'
FIGURE
3-3
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Field Sampl,i~g Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 14 of23
During the week of May 20, 2002, EPA's Science and Ecosystem Support Division (SESD)
conducted a geophysical investigation of the site to obtain information on the location of former
lagoons and pits. The information gathered in the geophysical investigation detected several distinct
anomalous areas that line up with the orientation of the former lagoons (EPA, 2002). The
anomalous areas will be investigated in this initial field effort to delineate the horizontal and vertical
extent of soil contamination in the vicinity of the waste pile and lagoons. Soil borings will be '
installed using a drill rig at the subsurface anomalies noted in the geophysical site survey and at
outlying areas. One surface soil sample and up to 6 subsurface soil samples (for a total depth of
32 feet) will be collected from the waste pile at SM-SB-06. One surface soil sample and three
subsurface soil samples (for a total depth of! 2 feet) will be collected at five other locations in the
vicinity ~fthe waste pile and lagoons. One surface soil and one subsurface soil sample (for a total
depth of4 feet) will be collected at a single bored location outside of the lagoons. Additionally,
the sampling crew will hand auger collocated surface soil and subsurface soil samples at five other :
locations. The field sampling crew will collect sediment and surface water samples along with
potable "0ter well samples during this week. This sampling crew will demobilize over the weekend
to avoid naving to hold samples over the weekend and missing holding times. During the following
week, the sampling crew will develop the monitoring wells and collect groundwater samples from
these wells, the existing on-site well, and the ones which were installed a week to the sampling
crew's arrival at the site. Excluding surveying time, the field investigation will take approximately
three we,eks to complete. The tentative field schedule is presented as Figure 3-4.
3.1.1 Groundwater Sampling
Three sh~llow surficial, three deep surficial, and one bedrock aquifer wells are proposed to be
installed during the first sampling event. The shallow wells will be screened in the shallow surficial
aquifer ( estimated to be 30 to 40 feet bis at the site), the deep surficial wells will be screened in the
deep portion of the surficial aquifer ( estimated to be 70 to 80 feet bls at the site), and the fractured
rock aquifer well will installed in the fractured bedrock underlying the surficial aquifer ( estimated
to be 100 to 110 feet bls). The fractured bedrock well is intended to document that the vertical
extent of groundwater contamination is isolated within the surficial (saprolite) aquifer.
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Field Sampljng Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Se1ptic Tank Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 16 of23
The monitoring wells will be installed and the groundwater samples will be collected in accordance
with the procedures described in Section 5.4 of this FSP. In addition to the newly installed
permanent wells, one existing monitoring well at the site and four private potable wells (Davidson,
Cascadden, Sheppard, and Lambreth) will be sampled. SS-MW-1 0A will serve as the
background well due to its higher elevation. The analytical results and well information gathered in
this even_t will be evaluated to confirm that well SS-MW-1 0A is at an appropriate background
location.
All samples collected from the wells will be analyzed for contract laboratory program (CLP)
routine analytical services (RAS) parameters which include volatile organics (Modified EPA
Method 624); semi volatile organics (Modified EPA Method 625); pesticides/PCBs (Modified
EPA Method 608); and metals (Modified EPA Method 200 series). The permanent monitoring
well instal_led in the shallow surficial aquifer at the source area (SS-MW-12A) will also be analyzed
using special analytical services (SAS) for dioxins (SW-846 Method 8290). An attempt will be
made to take a water level reading with each of the samples so that groundwater flow direction and
groundwater velocities can be estimated. Proposed monitoring well installation and sampling
locations and rationale are described in Table 3-1 and are presented on Figures 3-1 (groundwater)
and 3-3 (sediment and surface water.)
I
' Prior to the collection of a groundwater sample from a well, the well must be purged such that a
minimum of three well casing volumes have been removed and the field parameters [pH,
conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)] have
stabilized, If the turbidity is not below 10 nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs) after other
paramete~ have stabilized, purging will continue until this objective is achieved or the turbidity has
been reduced as much as possible using the least disruptive sampling methods possible. The
turbidity of the metals portion of the sample will be measured immediately prior to sample
collection. A summary of the groundwater samples, analyses, and containers is presented in Table
3-2.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 17 of23
It is anticipated that one additional well in the shallow surficial aquifer, one in the deep surficial
aquifer, and one the fractured bedrock may be installed and sampled in the field sampling event,
as determined by the results of the first field sampling event.
3.1.2 Surface Soil Sampling
A total ofl2 surface soil (0 to! foot bis) samples will be collected during the first field investigation
sampling event. Of these, 7 surface soil samples will be collected from soil borings in the southern
portion of the site in and around the former lagoon area. These samples are primarily biased
towards areas of geophysical anomalies. The remaining 5 surface soil samples are to examine
background conditions, two possibly contaminated areas near the shed and storage tanks, and an
open pit. All of the surface soil samples will be submitted for the CLP RAS parameter groups and
accepted analytical methods which include: volatile organics [Modified SW-846 Method 5035
(using Encore'" T-handles and Encore™ samplers), and 8260B -soil); semivolatile organics
(Modified EPA Method 625); pesticides/PCBs (Modified EPA Method 608); and metals
(Modified EPA Method 200 series). To support the upcoming ecological risk assessment, the soil
7 boring surface soil samples will also be analyzed by SAS for pH (S W-846 Method 9040/9045);
total organic carbon (TOC) [SW-846-Method 9060 ( dry combustion)]; and grain size (ASTM
D 421 and 422). Three surface soil samples, including one background sample, one sample
collected near the storage shed, and one sample collected from the waste pile, will be analyzed by
SAS for dioxin (SW-846 Method 8290). Proposed surface soil sampling locations and rationale
are described in Table 3-1 and are presented on Figure 3-2. A summary of the surface soil
samples, analyses, and containers is presented in Table 3-2. Surface soil sample collection
procedures are
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Table 3-2
Summary of Samples, Analyses,:and Containers(!)
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site RI/FS
Statesville, Iredell Countv, North Carolina · _M: '(•··w·-• '·""'·•y···>,,•,N",{)~' ~.,'t•3'fr' ... ,-c .. ,~.,,,.A.~"r~ ·•:"'1~M""th"\d~~'~'<·.....,..,..~ .. ,.-~rn-.. lcfffl~ ~ii_'~€_ .. .,..t""-l.m.,.~-, .... ~ .... -,¼-.:.;. ·•i;;.~:r•_'f'l"N•'s"·' ·r· '!_,~~ . ·;: •; '-~--f!X.,, .?.ram~~-~r~";.';'~~1,.: £i .. '•!)( ___ J~li!· na r..t1ca J.: e O '~~~ ~~ ._!' >4/. ~e '' ~-' . ~· "'00 ami;._r,.~J!1~1r-:: r;••-;t1. -~. a_ ;.1>'.Q•.;9_ .• ;~;,;,; ; .. ;~:-•:;·:~.~~--f:~½Ji-~~!~@:2~Wei°il~~-~~rt~~~~ ~lfil:'!'reh~®;~~~$~11:?:i~~ tf Sam1Wis1~ Htf~~~~~f~~~:t~K~ ~~~co·~t~ine~·s··~~ -:-:~:,::
Soil !CLP\
Volatile Ore.antes Modified SW-846 Method 5035/8260B 40 3 x EnCoreTM 120
Semivolatile Orc:anics Modified EPA Method 625 40 Ix 250 mL, G 40
Pesticidcs/PCBs Modified EPA Method 608 for both
Metals Modified EPA Method 200 Series 40 Ix 250 mL, G 40
Soil !Other\ .
Grain Size Distribution ASTM D 421 and 422 7 Ix 250 mL, G 7
Dioxin SW-846 Method 8290 6 lx250mL,G 6
oH SW-846 Method 9040/9045 7 Ix 250 mL, G 7
Total Organic Carbon SW-846 Method 9060 (drv combustion) 7 Ix 250 mL, G 7
Groundwater (CLP\
Volatile Oreanics ' Modified EPA Method 624 12 3 x 40 mL, G(2) 36
Semivolatile Ornanics Modified EPA Method 625 12 I x4L, AG 12
Pesticides/PCBs Modified EPA Method 608 for both
Metals ' Modified EPA Method 200 Series 12 IX 250 mL, P 12
Groundwater (Other) 1
Dioxin I SW-846 Method 8290 I I Ix 1000 mL, AG I
Surface Water
Volatile Oreanics Modified EPA Method 624 7 3 x 40 mL, G/2) 21
Semi volatile Oreanics Modified EPA Method 625 7 Ix 4L, AG 7
Pesticides/PCBs Modified EPA Method 608 for both
Metals Modified EPA Method 200 Series 7 IX 250 mL, P 7
Sediment (CLP\
Volatile Oreanics Modified SW-846 Method 5035/8260B 7 3 x EnCoreTM 21
Semi volatile Or2:anics Modified EPA Method 625 7 I x250mL, G 7
Pesticides/PCBs Modified EPA Method 608 for both
Metals Modified EPA Method 200 Series 7 Ix 250 mL, G 7
Sediment (Other\ !
Grain Size Distribution ASTM D 42 I and 422 7 I x250mL, G 7
oH SW-846 Method 9040/9045 7 Ix 250 mL, G 7
Total Oreanic Carbon SW-846 Method 9060 idrv combustion) 7 Ix 250 mL G 7
Notes:
I Sample containers were obtained from EISOPQAlvl and laboratory information (EPA, 1997).
2 Teflon•lined septum cap
G Glass
p Plastic
A Amber
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Field Sampl.ing Plan
EPA Contrllct No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's S~ptic Tank Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 19 of23
presented in Section 5 .2 of this FSP. It is anticipated that up to six additional surface soil samples
may be collected in the second field sampling event, as determined by the results of the first field
sampling event.
3.1.3 Subsurface Soil Sampling
A total o1'28 subsurface soil san1ples will be collected during the field investigation. Of these, 23
samples will be collected from the 7 boring locations at southern portion of the site. Subsurface
soil samples will be collected from 7 intervals at one boring location to delineate the vertical extent
of soil contamination above the water table; from three intervals at the remaining boring locations,
and from one interval at the final boring location. Proposed sampling intervals for the deepest
boring are: 2 to 4 feet bls, 5 to 7 feet bis, 10 to 12 feet bls, 15 to 17 feet bls, 20 to 22 feet bls, 25
to 27 feet bls and 30 to 32 feet bls unless the water table is encountered at a shallower( or deeper)
depth. T~e proposed sampling intervals for the 5 borings are 2 to 4 feet bls, 5 to 7 feet bls, and
1 Oto 12 feet bls, while the last boring will be to a depth of2-4 feet or bls. All of the subsurface
soil samples will be submitted for the CLP RAS parameter groups and accepted analytical methods
which include: volatile organics [Modified SW-846 Method 503 5 ( using Encore'" T-handles and
Encore'" samplers), and 8260B -soil]; semi volatile organics (Modified EPA Method 625);
pesticides/PCBs (Modified EPA Method 608); and metals (Modified EPA Method 200 series).
Three subsurface soil samples, including one background sample, the sample collected near the
storage shed, and one sample collected from the waste pile, will be analyzed by special analytical
services (SAS) for dioxin (SW-846 Method 8290). The proposed subsurface soil sample
locations are identified on Figure 3-2 and described in Table 3-1. A sun1mary of the nun1ber of
subsurface soil samples to be collected, the analyses to be conducted on the samples, and sample
containers.to be used is presented in Table 3-2. Subsurface soil sample collection procedures are
presented in Section 5.3 of this FSP.
It is anticipated that up to three additional shallow subsurface borings ( depth 2-4') and three
additional 12' deep borings ( each with three intervals) may be required in the second field sampling
event.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
3.1.4 Surface Water Sampling
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 20 of23
A total of7 swface water samples will be collected during the first field investigation sampling event
and submitted for chemical analyses. Two samples will be collected from the highest locations
where surface water flows freely in local drainages downgradient of the site. The proposed
locations of these two samples are the Lambreth spring, which feeds the Lambreth pond, and the
intermittent stream which flows from the Davidson pond to the south and west. The remaining 5
swface water samples include a background sample from a pond south of the site, one sample from
the on-site pond and three samples from the adjacent off site ponds. These samples will be analyzed
for the CLP RAS parameter groups and accepted analytical methods which include: volatile
organics (Modified EPA Method 624); semi volatile organics (Modified EPA Method 625);
pesticides/PCBs (Modified EPA Method 608); and metals (Modified EPA Method 200 series)
(EPA, 2000c ). Additional field parameters to be analyzed for in swface water samples include pH,
conductivity, temperature, and turbidity. Proposed swface water sampling locations and rationale
are described in Table 3-1 and are presented on Figure 3-1. A summary of surface water
samples, analyses, and containers is presented in Table 3-2. Surface water sampling procedures
are presented in Section 5.5 of this FSP.
It is anticipated that up to three additional samples may be required in the second field sampling
event.
3.1.5 Sediment Sampling
A total of seven sediment samples will be collected during the field investigation and submitted for
chemical analyses. The samples will be collected at a depth of0-6 inches bis. The proposed
locations are collocated with the surface water sample locations. All of the samples will be
analyzed for the CLP RAS parameter groups and accepted analytical methods which include:
volatile organics [Modified SW-846 Method 5035/8260B (using Encore'" T-handles and
Encore'" samplers)]; semivolatile organics (Modified EPA Method 625); pesticides/PCBs
(Modified EPA Method 608); and metals (Modified EPA Method 200 series) (EPA, 2000c ). To
support the ecological risk assessment, surface soil samples will also be analyzed by SAS for pH
(SW-846 Method 9040/9045); TOC [SW-846-Method 9060 ( dry combustion)]; and grain size
(ASTM D 421 and 422). Proposed sediment sampling locations and rationale are described in
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contra~t No. 68-W-043
Work-Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's S~ptic Tank Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 21 of23
Table 3-1 and are presented on Figure 3-3. A summary of sediment samples, analyses, and
containers is presented in Table 3-2. Sediment sampling procedures are presented in Section 5.2
of this FSP.
It is anticipated that up to three additional samples may be required in the second field sampling
I
event.
3.1.6 Groundwater Level Measurements
Water level measurements will be obtained from the four potable water wells, one onsite monitoring
wells, and 7 newly installed monitoring wells. For the same purpose, water level measurements
will be obtained from the two surface water samples at the highest locations where surface water
flows frebly in local drainages downgradient of the site. Groundwater levels will be measured in
accordance with procedures described in Section 5.4.2 of this FSP. This data will be used to
develop potentiometric surface maps for the site area and will assist in understanding the general
groundwater flow direction.
3.1. 7 Slug Testing
To estim'ate hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer in order to evaluate the potential rate of
contaminant migration, slug tests will be performed on wells installed in shallow surficial wells,
deep surficial wells, and the fractured bedrock aquifers. Which wells are slug tested will be
determin~d during the second sampling event. Data gathered from these tests will assist in
estimating area hydraulic conductivity. The hydraulic conductivity values that are obtained will be
compiled with existing values and evaluated for the site. This data will be used to determine rate
of potent,ial contaminant migration.
3.1.8 Sampling QA/QC
As part of the sampling effort, QC samples will be submitted to the laboratory with field
I
investigation samples in order to evaluate the confirmatory sampling procedures and analytical
l
methodologies. A discussion of the types of samples to be collected is presented in Section 4.4.4
of the QAPP. Approximately five percent of the field investigation samples will be collected in
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Section: 3
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 22 of23
order to evaluate sampling handling, shipment, and laboratory procedures. A summary of the QC
samples, analyses, and containers is presented in Table 3-3.
3.1.9 Surveying
All wells sampled will be surveyed during the field investigation as will all soil, sediment, and
surface water sample locations. Northing and Easting coordinates will be surveyed for all wells and
sample locations; the ground elevation and the elevation of the top of casing point from which water
level measurements are collected will also be surveyed for each monitoring well. The Northing and
Easting coordinates of the potable wells sampled will also be surveyed. The height of the surface
water body will be measured for each surface water sample. Northing and Easting coordinates
will be measured to the nearest 0.1 meter. The Northing and Easting coordinates will be North
America Datum 1927 (NAD27), Universal Tranverse Mercator (UTM) meters, Zone 17.
Elevations will be recorded to within the nearest 0.01 foot.
3.2 IDW Disposal
IDW disposal oversight will be conducted after all field investigation activities that generate IDW
have been completed. IDW disposal oversight is tentatively scheduled for October 2002. Drums
of!DW will be addressed as specified in Section 7.0 of this FSP.
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----- -.. - -
Volatile Organics
Semivolatile Or12anics
Pesticides/PCBs
Metals
Soil tNon-CLPl
Dioxins
pH
TOC
Grain Size Distribution
Groundwater ICLP\
Volatile Organics
Semivolatile Ore:anics
Pesticides/PCBs
Metals
Groundwater (Other)
Dioxins I
Surface Water
Volatile Oreanics
Semivolatile Organics
Pesticides/PCBs
Metals
Sediment (CLP)
Volatile Onwnics
Semivolatile Organics
Pesticides/PCBs
Metals
Sediment (Non-CLP)
loH
TOC
Grain Size Distribution
Notes:
Table 3-3
Quality Control -Summary of Samples, Analyses, and Containers
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site RI/FS
Statesville, Iredell Countv, North Carolina
~
Modified SW-846 Metl1od 5035/8260B 40 4 0 2 0 3
Modified EPA Method 625 40 0 0 2 0 3
Modified EPA Method 608
Modified EPA Method 200 Series 40 0 0 2 0 3
SW-846 Method 8290 6 0 0 0 0 0
SW-846 Method 9040/9045 7 0 0 0 0 0
SW-846 Method 9060 7 0 0 0 0 0
ASTM Methods 421 and 422 7 0 0 0 0 0
Modified EPA Method 624 12 6 1 1 2 2
Modified EPA Method 625 12 0 0 1 2 2
Modified EPA Method 608
Modified EPA Method 200 Series 12 0 I I 2 2
SW-846 Method 8290 1 0 I 0 0 I 0 I 0 I
Modified EPA Method 624 7 2 0 0 0 0
Modified EPA Method 625 7 0 0 0 0 0
Modified EPA Method 608
Modified EPA Method 200 Series 7 0 0 0 0 0
Modified SW-846 Method 5035/8260B 7 2 0 1 0 0
Modified EPA Method 625 7 0 0 I 0 0
Modified EPA Method 608
Modified EPA Method 200 Series 7 0 0 1 0 3
SW-846 Method 9040/9045 7 0 0 0 0 0
SW-846 Method 9060 7 0 0 0 0 0
ASTM Methods 421 and 422 7 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I QC sample descriptions are presented in Section 4.4.4 of the QAPP and in Appendix C, Section 4.0, of the EISOPQAM.
2 One trip blank will be· included with each shipment of samples submitted for volatile organic analysis.
-
9 3 x EnCoreTM
5 I x250mL,G
for both
5 I x250mL G
0 I x250mL,G
0 1 x 250 mL, G
0 Ix 250 mL, G
0 I x250mL,G
12 3x40mL,G
5 I x4L, AG
for both
8 Ix 250 mL P
0 11 x IO00mL AG
2 3x40mL,G
0 I x4L,AG
for both
0 Ix 250 mL, P
3 3 x EnCoreTM
0 1 x250mL,G
for both
0 I x250mL G
0 1 x250mL,G
0 I x250mL,G
0 I x250mL G
3 An identical volume of aqueous sample is collected for MS/MSD; no additional volwne of soil is collected for MS/MSD as it is just designated on the TR.
4 It is assumed that spiked samples will be obtained from EPA Region IV SESD.
G Glass
A Amber
P Plastic
Pres. Preservative.
--
18
2
2
0
0
0
0
36
5
8
0
6
0
0
9
1
1
0
0
0
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Se~tic Tank Site
4.0 Sample Designation
Section: 4
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page l of I
A sample numbering system will be used to identify each sample for analysis. The purpose of this
numbering system is to provide a tracking system for retrieval of data on each sample. The sample
numbers will include the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site l_ocation (SS-). Surface soil samples will be
designated with "SF;" subsurface soil samples will be designated with "SB." Subsurface soil boring
samples will also indicate depth. For example, a subsurface soil sample collected from the SS-SF-
09 location at a depth of 10 to 12 feet bis would be labeled SS-SB3-09, indicating that it was
collected from the third subsurface soil sample interval at the 09 location. All other soil samples
will be designated using a three digit number to identify them as different from the soil boring
samples; e.g., SS-SF-101.
Potable well samples will be designated with "PW" and the sample number (SS-PW-02).
Permanent monitoring well samples will be designated with "MW," the well number, and a letter
to indicate the screened interval (A for shallow surficial aquifer, B for deep surficial aquifer and C
for fractured bedrock aquifer), i.e., SS-MW-l 2A.
Surface w~ter samples will be labeled with "SW" and the sample location (SS-SW-02). Sediment
samples will be labeled with "SD" and the sample number (SS-SD-03). A more detailed
explanation ofhow the samples are to be numbered is presented in Section 4.3.1 of the QAPP.
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Field Sampli,ng Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Se'ptic Tank Site
5.0 Investigation Procedures and Methods
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July 19,2002
Page I of 16
This section presents the field procedures and methods to be utilized throughout the RI/FS.
Specific ff eld procedures and methods have been selected for use in order to ensure that sampling
and data collection activities are conducted within acceptable QA standards. Additional
information concerning QA protocols is presented in the QAPP.
5.1 Su'mmary of Sampling Program
Surface soil, subsurface soil, groundwater, surface water and sediment will be collected from
locations within and near the Sigrnon's Septic Tank Site as described in Section3.0. All samples,
will be analyzed by the following EPA CLP accepted methods: volatile organics [Modified EPA
Method 624-groundwater and surface water; SW-846 Method 5035/8260B (using Encore™
I-handles and Encore™ samplers)-soil and sediment]; semi volatile organics (Modified EPA ' Method 625); pesticides/PCBs (Modified EPA Method 608); and metals (Modified EPA Method
200 series) (EPA, 2000c ). Three surface soil, three subsurface soil, and one groundwater sample
will be analyzed for dioxin (SW-846 Method 8290). Additional parameters to be analyzed for in
surface soil borings and sediment samples to support the ecological risk assessment include non-
CLP methods for pH (SW-846 Method 9040/9045); TOC (SW-846-Method 9060 (dry
combustion)]; and grain size (ASTM D 421 and 422). '
The objective of the sampling and preservation procedures outlined in this FSP is to obtain samples
which yield consistently high quality. The use of proper sampling equipment, strict controls in the
field, and appropriate chain-of-custody and analytical procedures will reduce the potential for
sample misrepresentation and unreliable analytical data.
Specific saippling and preservation procedures to be used in the field investigation are detailed in
the following sections. The EPA Environmental Investigations Standard Operating ' Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual (EISOPQAM) will serve as the primary document
from whicli all field procedures will be developed (EPA, 1997). Container, preservation, and
holding time requirements must also meet the requirements of the EISOPQAM (EPA, 1997). The
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 5
REVISED FfNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 2 of 16
analytical methods selected and/or modified will have detection limits that are less than, or equal
to, federal MCLs and state regulatory levels. All contractor personnel conducting sampling will
be experienced in implementing the sampling procedures as outlined herein. Modifications and/or
changes to the procedures described in the EISOPQAM or the standard operating procedures
(SOPs) presented in this Work Plan will not be implemented without the prior approval ofEPA
and will be documented in field logbooks and on the Field Change Request Form presented as
Figure 4-1 in the QAPP.
5.2 Surface Soil and Sediment Sampling
Surface soil and sediment samples will be collected for chemical analysis from 0-1 foot bis and 0-6
inches bis respectively, using stainless spoons to acquire the samples. First, surface soil and
sediment for volatile organic analyses will be collected using an En Core™ T-handle and sampler.
The other portions of the surface soil and sediment sample will be collected using a stainless steel
spoon and a 2-or4-quart glass or stainless steel bowl. The sample will be thoroughly mixed in
the glass or stainless steel bowl and distributed to the appropriate containers. The VOC sample
portion will be shipped overnight to be analyzed within 48 hours of sample collection. All sample
equipment will be deconned prior to use at each sample location. Prior to any intrusive soil
investigation activities, the site will have underground utilities located and marked by the
appropriate utility locating service representative.
Containerrequirements along with preservation procedures and holding times are presented in
Section 6.0 and Table 6-1 of this FSP. Samples for chemical analyses will be placed in iced
coolers. The Field Team Leader (FTL) will be responsible for examining the samples and logging
all observations. Samples will be labeled, packed, and shipped in accordance with the procedures
specified in the Section 4.3 of the QAPP.
5.3 Subsurface Soil Sampling
Subsurface soil samples will be collected from depths greater than 2 feet bis for chemical analysis.
At locations SB-0 I through SB-05, subsurface soil samples will be obtained from 2 to 4 feet bis
from hand-augering equipment (stainless steel). At soil boring locations SB-06 through SB-12,
subsurface soil samples collected for chemical analyses will be collected using stainless steel split-
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA ContraCt No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RJCO-A44F
Sigmon' s SeI)tic Tan1c Site
I
Section: 5
REVISED FfNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 3 of 16
spoon samplers; these samples will be collected at 2 to 4 feet bis, 5to 7 feet bis, and at 5-foot
intervals thereafter, eliminating the need to collect additional soil samples for Ii tho logic analysis.
Lithologic samples will be collected concurrently with the analytical samples. Prior to any intrusive I
soil investigation activities, the site will have underground utilities located and marked by the
appropriate utility locating service representative.
5.3.1 Subsurface Soil Sampling Using Hand-Augering Techniques
Sample cqllection will be conducted in accordance with procedures established in the EISOPQAM
(EPA, 1997). A decontaminated stainless steel auger bucket with handle and necessary extensions
will be us,ed to auger down to just above the desired sampling depth. A fresh, decontaminated
stainless steel auger bucket will then be placed on the handle plus extensions to collect the
subsurface soil sample. First, subsurface soil for volatile organic analyses will be collected from
the auger bucket using an En Core TM T-handle and sampler. The other portions of the subsurface
soil sample will be will be collected using a stainless steel spoon and a 2-or 4-quart glass or
stainless steel bowl. The sample will be thoroughly mixed in the glass bowl and distributed to the
appropriate containers. The VOC surface soil sample portion will be shipped overnight to be
analyzed within 48 hours of sample collection. Holding time requirements for all portions of each
sample are presented in Section 6.0, Table 6-1 of this FSP. Samples will be placed in iced
coolers, as appropriate. The FTL will be responsible for examining the samples and logging all
observations. Samples will be labeled, packed, and shipped in accordance with procedures
specified in Section 4.3 of the QAPP.
5.3.2 Subsurface Soil Sampling Using Drilling Techniques I
Drilling and sampling will be conducted in accordance with procedures established in the
EISOPQAM (EPA, 1997). Drilling will be initiated usinghollowstem augers; however, rotary or
Rotasonic ™ methods may be used if conditions are such that hollow stem augers are not adequate
or if other methods are adequate and ( after subcontractor bidding) prove more cost effective. If
Rotasonic ~M methods are used, subsurface soil samples will be screening level data only. If rotary
methods are used (air rotary, wash rotary or mud rotary), the same sampling procedures will be
used except split-spoon samplers will be taken from an open borehole rather than from inside the
hollow stem augers. Specifics concerning drilling methods used are described in Section 5.4.1.
It is anticipated that soil borings will be initiated by advancing 4 1/4-inch inside diameter (ID) ( or
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Taruc Site
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July !9, 2002
Page 4 of 16
smaller as long as the augers will accommodate the 3-inch diameter stainless steel split spoons)
hollow stem augers. Samplers will be driven in intervals of two feet in accordance with American
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Penetration TestD 1586. The effort required
to drive the sampler (blow counts) every six-inches will be recorded. Split spoon soil samples will
be collected from approximately 2 to 4 feet bis, 5 to 7 feet bis, and every five feet thereafter in
each soil boring. Each soil sample will be visually logged by the Site Geologist for soil classification,
color, grain size, moisture, texture, consistency, and geologic characteristics using a modified
version of the Unified Soil Classification (USC) system.
5.4 Groundwater Investigation
All activities associated with the groundwater investigation will be recorded in a field logbook as
described in Section 3 .6 of the QAPP. Groundwater development and purging/sampling activities
will also be recorded in the field logbook and on a Well Development Log and a Groundwater
Sample Collection Record as presented on Figures 3-2 and 3-3, respectively, in Section 3.6 of the
QAPP.
5.4.1 Monitoring Well Construction, Installation, and Completion
It is anticipated that at each shallow surficial well location, the monitoring well will be drilled to
approximately 40 feet deep in the shallow surficial aquifer and installed with a I 0-foot screen. For
each deep surficial well location, the well will be drilled to approximately 80 feet deep in the deep
portion of the surficial aquifer and screened immediately above the fractured bedrock aquifer with
a I 0-foot screen. One well will be drilled into the fractured bedrock aquifer to a depth of
approximately 110 feet bis and installed with a I 0-foot screen. The depth of the wells will be
based upon lithology encountered. Previously installed monitoring wells indicate the water table
may be present at a depth of25 to 30 feet bis in the site area. The shallow surficial aquifer well
depths will be adjusted such that the top of the screened interval will be at or just above the water
table. The deep surficial aquifer wells will adjusted so that the bottom of the screened interval is
just above the fractured bedrock. The fractured bedrock monitoring well will be installed with a
surface casing to prevent contamination from one aquifer from entering another aquifer. Well
drilling, completion, and development will be conducted in accordance with the standards
established in the EISOPQAM (EPA, 1997). The proposed monitoring well locations are
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Fie!d Sampli,ng Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assigqment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Pagel of 16
presented in Section 3.0 of this FSP. Penni ts to install and construct the monitoring wells will be
secured from the appropriate authorities by Black & Veatch's drilling subcontractor prior to
commencement of drilling activities.
5.4.1.1 Permanent Monitoring Well Construction. The permanent monitoring wells
within the site area will be installed by Black & Veatch's drilling subcontractor. Historically, drilling
with hollow stem augers is the preferred method because it does not introduce fluid into the
borehole. ,It is anticipated that the monitoring wells will be installed using hollow stem augers for I
the surficial aquifer; however, rotary or Rotasonic methods may be used if conditions are such that
hollow stem augers are not adequate or if other methods are adequate and (after subcontractor
bidding) prove more cost effective. If problems arise from sand entering the hollow stem augers
(heaving sands), rotary methods will be used to allow collection of representative samples.
Heaving sands entering the augers prevent the collection of representative samples with split
spoons. R6tary methods may be used in conjunction with hollow stem augers for installing the
surface casing. While 6 ¼-inch ID hollow stem augers may result in a nominal I 0-inch diameter
borehole, difficulty in keeping the annular space open before grouting in the surface casing may be
a problem. Rotary methods will be used as an alternative ifhollow stem auger drilling is used and
proves ineffective.
Drilling procedures for hollow stem auger, rotary, and sonic drilling are described below.
Hollow Stem Auger Drilling
The preferred drilling method is hollow stem auger. An initial pilot borehole shall be drilled using
4 ¼-inch ID hollow stem augers. This pilot hole will be used to collect split spoons samples for
chemical analysis and lithologic description. For shallow monitoring wells, the pilot hole will be
advanced to total depth without a surface casing. After the pilot hole is complete, the borehole will
be reamed with plugged 6 ¼-inch ID hollow stem augers to total depth. The bottom of the lead
6 ¼-inch ID hollow stem augers will be plugged with a fitted Teflon® plug that will be knocked out
upon well installation. Upon reaching total depth with the plugged 6 ¼-inch hollow stem augers,
the well will be installed as described in Section 5.4.1.2.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Rotary Drilling
Section: S
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 6 of 16
Rotary drilling will be the presumptive method for construction of monitoring well in the fractured
bedrock aquifer. After advancing the boring with 4 1/4-inchhollow stem augers to collect soil
samples using split spoons, the boring forthe permanent monitoring well may be advanced by
rotary drilling using a nominal 10-inch outside diameter (OD) tri-cone or roller bit (rotary bit) to
install the surface casing, and a nominal 6-inch OD tri-cone or roller bit thereafter. Air or wash
rotary will be used if possible; however, mud rotary will be used in the event there is loss of
circulation or drill cuttings are not circulating adequately. If mud rotary is used, the borehole shall
be flushed with potable water before well installation. For the borehole designated for the fractured
bedrock aquifer well, the borehole hole will continue with split spoon sampling at 5-foot intervals
until the fractured bedrock unit is encountered. When the fractured bedrock unit is encountered
below the water table, drilling with the I 0-inch rotary bit will continue approximately 3 feet into the
bedrock and then cease until surface casing is installed. After the surface casing is installed, the
borehole will be advanced to total depth with the nominal 6-inch OD rotary bit. For shallow
monitoring wells, the nominal 6-inch bore hole will be advanced to total depth without a surface
casing. Upon reaching total depth with the nominal 6-inch rotary bit, the well will be installed as
described in Section 5.4.1.2.
Sonic Drilling (Rotosonic™)
IfRotosonic TM drilling is used, the installation of a permanent surface casing will not be required.
Rotosonic™ drilling involved advancing a 4-inch diameter core barrel for soil sample removal. The
4-inch ID core barrel is advanced in 10-foot segments. Upon reaching the I 0-foot increment, a
6-inch ID ( override) core barrel is placed over the 4-inch core barrel and advanced to the same
depth as the 4-inch core barrel. With the 6-inch core barrel still in place, the 4-inch core barrel
is removed and the sample is removed and placed into 5-foot long plastic sleeves for examination
by the onsite geologist. If a competent clay layer or other confining layer is encountered between
the water table and the desired screened interval, an 8-inch override casing is advanced over the
6-inch override casing and left in place as the borehole is advanced using the 4-inch and 6-inch
system. The 8-inch override casing, if required, shall be installed approximately 3 feet into a low
permeability zone in order to isolate potentially contaminated groundwater in the upper portion of
· the shallow aquifer from the underlying groundwater. The 8-inch override casing will be
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contrai.:t No. 68-W-99-043
Work AssigtµIlent No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Se'ptic Tank Site
Section: 5
REVISED F!NAL
July 19, 2002
Page 7 of 16
pressurized to insure an adequate seal exists. !fit is discovered there is not an adequate seal, a
bentonite plug will be installed around the 8-inch override casing before advancing the borehole.
Before advancing below the 8-inch casing the borehole will be flushed and the 4-inch by 6-inch
equipment will be decontaminated to prevent dragging contamination downward. Upon removing
the 4-inch, 6-inch, and possible 8-inch casings, the annular space between the borehole wall and
the well casing v-~ll be grouted using a 30 percent high solids bentonite grout (V olclay Pure Gold®
is the only brand currently accepted) as the casings are withdrawn. The actual depth of casing
installation will be determined in the field by the onsite geologist.
5.4. 1. 2 We/I Installation. Construction details for the proposed monitoring wells described
herein are detailed on Figure 5-1. A Well Installation Log will be generated for each well installed.
Upon reaching total depth, well installation will begin. If mud rotary drilling is required, the
borehole will be back-washed with potable water to remove drilling mud from the borehole before
well installation begins. The placement of the screened interval will be dependent on the depth of
the water table and the depth to the top of the fractured bedrock aquifer. The top of the well
screen wiUbe positioned at or just above the water table surface for the shallow surficial monitoring
wells. The bottom of the screened interval will be placed at or very near the top of the fractured
bedrock unit for the deep surficial monitoring wells. The top of the screened interval for the
fractured bedrock aquifer well will be placed approximately I 00 feet bis. Decontaminated riser
pipe and well screen constructed of2-ii:ich diameter, flush threaded, Schedule 304 stainless steel
will then be assembled and placed in the boreholes. The wire-wrapped well screens (0.0 I 0-inch
slot size) will be 10 feet in length and shall be fitted with a threaded stainless steel bottom plug. A
filter pack will be placed per the EISOPQAM, a minimum ofsix inches below the screen and a
minimum of2 feet above the screen using prewashed silica sand. The filter pack will be applied
bytremie method (unless Rotosonic™ drilling methods are used) a minimum of 12 inches under
the bottomiofthe well plug and will extend up to no less than 2-feet above the top of the well
screen. lfRotosonic™ drilling is used, the filter pack will be poured into the annular space
between the 6-inch casing and the well casing and vibrated into place. Bentonite pellets (1/4 inch
diameter orless) will then be placed down the annular space to provide a pre-hydrated seal no less
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"' 5 "' t> z lie < I 0: ~
6 ;:;-~
I ~
TOP· OF STAINLESS STEEL WELL CASING
PUREGOLD BENTONITE GROU
GROUNDWATER SURFACE
SILICA SAND FILTER PACK -----ir-<~
FLUSH MOUNT
PROTECTIVE STEEL CASING
MINIMUM 2', IF POSSIBLE
MINIMUM 2', IF POSSIBLE
00
...J w Wz
G: ~
i!:"' a. t!! wW 00
(UNLESS OTHERWISE NECESSITATED BY A SHALLOW WATER TABLE.)
i------BOREHOLE (APPROX. 10" DIA.)
STAINLESS STEEL WELL SCREEN (2", 0.010 SLOT, 10' LONG)
APPROX. 12" -----''-
TYPICAL GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL WITH FLUSH MOUNT PROTECTOR
FIGURE
5-1
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Field Sarnplii°g Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
'
Section: 5
REVISED FrNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 9 of 16
than two feet thick above the sand pack. The bentonite pellet seal is anticipated to lie below the
water table, and should not require manual hydration. Depths to the top of the sand pack and the
top of the bentonite seal will be measured using a weighted tape or a measured tremie line. The
Remaining annular space will be grouted by tremie pipe to within approximately two feet of the
surface with a bentonite grout composed of Pure Gold® bentonite powder and potable water
(measured weight of the bentonite grout is to be no less than l O pounds per gallon using a drilling .
contractor supplied mud balance). lfRotosonic™ drilling is used, the 4-inch, 6-inch, and 8-inch
override casings will be removed as the borehole is grouted.
If a permanent surface casing is required, hollow stem auger or rotary drilling techniques will be
used to advance a I 0-inch borehole approximately 3-feet into the fractured bedrock unit. Once
the borehole is completed, a nominal 6-inch ID carbon steel permanent surface casing will be
lowered into the borehole for grouting. Permanent casing will consist ofblack steel pipe, seamless
or welded, in accordance with American Petroleum Institute Standard 5L or equivalent ASTM or
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards. The full-length casing will be new six-
inch nominal inside diameter black steel pipe with the wall thickness of not less than 0.25 inch. The
grout used to secure the surface casing will be bentonite cement consisting of 6.5 to 7 gallons of
water per 94-pound bag of Type I Portland cement with 5 to IO percent by weight ofbentonite
powder. The mixed grout will be weighed with a mud scale before pumping.
The grout will be installed by using a tremie pipe to install grout through the annular space between
the borehole wall and the surface casing. When using the tremie method, the surface casing will
be plugged ~pproximately2 feet from the bottom to prevent the entire inside length of the casing
from being grouted and to keep out any potentially contaminated formation soil or water. This
temporary plug may be polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or bentonite. Approximately2 feet of grout will
be pumped \nto the bottom of the borehole immediately before lowering the casing. After the
casing is lo»-ered, a tremie pipe will be used to pump grout into the annular space between the
surface casing and the borehole wall. Grout will be tremie grouted into the annular space until grout
returning from the annular space at land surface is equal in weight to that being pumped.
Advancement of the 6-inch borehole through the surface casing will not begin until the grout used
to secure the surface casing has cured for at least 24 hours.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic TanJc Site
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 10 of 16
5.4. 1.3 Well Completion. Drill cuttings and fluids which result from the well installation
process will be containerized in Department ofTransportation (DOT)-approved 55-gallon UN
lA-1 or lA-2 drums. The monitoring wells will be sealed to the ground surface with concrete and
a minimum 3-foot by 3-foot by6-inch thick concrete surface pad that slopes away from the center
of the pad and protective casing. A lockable protective casing, approximately 4-inch by4-inch
by3-foot or a flush mounted, traffic rated steel cover with locking well cap, will be installed in the
concrete to provide wellhead security. In order to diminish anticipated well-head corrosion
problems, the protective casings will be constructed of aluminum, steel, or cast iron and painted
with rust-resistant paint. Keyed-alike locks will be used to secure the wells. The stick-up
protective casings will have one weep hole to prevent water from standinginsid~ of the protective
casing. In addition, four 3-inch diameter (minimum) concrete-filled steel posts will be placed
adjacent to each concrete pad as bumper guards to protect the aboveground protective casings.
The posts shall be a minimum of five feet in length and extend approximately three feet above the
surface.
5.4.2 Groundwater Level Measurements
After unlocking the monitoring well and removing the cap, the ambient air will be monitored using
an organic vapor analyzer (OVA) to evaluate the presence oforganic vapors. A decontaminated,
electric water level indicator will then be placed into the monitoring well to measure the depth to
the static water level and total depth of the well. The measurement will be recorded to the nearest
0.01 foot and will be taken from a reference notch at the top of the monitoring well casing. The
water level measurement and total depth measurement for the monitoring well will be used to
calculate purge volumes.
An attempt will be made to measure the depth of the static water level and total depth of each of
the potable water wells with chalk and steel tape. A steel tape will be introduced through the well
cover, or by removing a single bolt in the well cover, or by simply passing the tape through a crack,
slot, or separation in the cover. The water level is measured by suspending a known length of tape
below a datum mark so that the lower few feet of the tape are below water level. The lower
portion of tape is coated with blue chalk or some other substance that exhibits a marked color
change when wetted. The water level measurement is obtained by subtracting the length of the
wetted portion from the total length suspended below the datum mark (Garber, 1978). Priorto-
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon 's Septic Tank Site
Section: 5
REVJSED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page II ofl6
disturbing the well, the power will be shut off at the switch. A complete set of water level
measurements from all wells and the surface water bodies will be taken within a 24-hour period
to constriict groundwater flow maps.
5.4.3 Monitoring Well Development
The newly installed pennanent groundwater monitoring wells will be developed by Black & Veatch
prior to initiating groundwater sampling. Development of the well will occur no sooner than 24 ' hours after installation of the surface pad. Development of the wells will involve mechanical surging
using either a 1.25-inch ODtremiepipe with an end cap or a 1.25-inch OD solid PVC block and ' pumping to remove fines and stimulate yield. The monitoring wells will be developed until the water
in the well is free of visible sediment, and the pH, conductance, turbidity, and temperature have
stabilized-as demonstrated by three consistent readings (EPA, 1997).
Purge and development fluids will be contained in 55-gallon drums until proper disposal methods
can be determined based on analytical results (NCDENR, 2000c ). Equipment utilized for
monitoring well development will be decontaminated in accordance with procedures specified in
Section 5.6. of this FSP. During the monitoring well development process, specific conductivity,
pH, turbidity, and temperature measurements will be recorded in the field logbook. During the
development process, water will be withdrawn, typically every 20 gallons, from the monitoring well ' and poured into a clean glass container. The temperature, specific conductivity, pH, and turbidity
measurem~nts will be measured immediately. All probes will be rinsed with organic free water.
Turbidityw,ill be measured in accordance with the turbidity meter manufacturer's specifications.
Instruments, used to measure field parametersduringwell development will be calibrated prior to
each use. Well development activities will also be recorded on a Well Development Record as
presented in Section 3.6, Figure 3-2 of the QAPP.
5.4.4 Monitoring Well Purging
The permanent monitoring wells located within the site area will be purged immediately prior to
initiating groundwater sampling in order to remove the stagnant water from the well. The water
removed from the well will be replaced with groundwater from the formation, which is
representative of aquifer conditions. The procedure for purging the monitoring well is described in
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 12 of 16
accordance with the EISOPQAM (EPA, 1997). Note that a low-flow purge rate will be used to
remove water from the monitoring wells.
Prior to initiating purging, the total amount of water in the well must be determined from the
diameter of the well, water level, and total depth. The volume of water in each well will be the
following equation (used for 2-inch well casings):
where:
V = 0.041 d2h
V = volume of water (gallons)
d = diameter of well (inches)
h = depth of water (feet)
Monitoring wells will be purged using a decontaminated submersible pump or a peristaltic pump
equipped with single-use Teflon®tubing. The pump intake line will be placed slightly below the top
of the water surface in order to pull water from the entire length of the water column. During
monitoring well purging, specific conductivity, pH, turbidity, DO, redox potential, and temperature
measurements will be recorded in the field logbook and on the Groundwater Sample Collection
Record presented on Figure 3-2, Section 3.6 of the QAPP. Purging will terminate when a
minimum of three well casing volumes have been withdrawn from the monitoring wells, and field
parameter readings have stabilized (pH readings within 0.1 units, specific conductance within I 0
percent, turbidity less than IO NTUs, temperature within IO percent, and DO within IO percent)
over four consecutive readings or upon evacuating five well volumes from each well if turbidity is
less than IO NTUs (if possible). Specific types of field measurement equipment and the associated
procedures for their use and calibration are described in Section 4.5 of the QAPP. Water from
well purging will be disposed of as discussed in Section 7.0.
Equipment used for purging will be decontaminated in accordance with procedures specified in
Section 5.4 of this FSP, except for the single-use tubing which will be discarded after use. All field
measurement equipment probes will be rinsed with organic free water.
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Field Sampl,ing Plan
EPA Contra~t No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assigi1ment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's S~ptic Tank Site
5.4.5 Groundwater Sampling
Section: 5
REVlSED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 13 of 16
After each well within the site area has been purged, the well will be sampled for groundwater.
Wells will be sampled using a low-flow peristaltic pump equipped with single-use Teflon® tubing
and a vacuum jug, where applicable. The Teflon®tubing will be gently place into the well slightly I
below the top of the water surface in order to pull water from the entire length of the water column.
All of the groundwater sample containers, with the exception of the VOA vials, will be filled using
an in-line'vacuum system with a low-flow peristaltic pump. This is accomplished by placing a
Teflon® transfer cap onto the neck of a standard cleaned 4-liter (I-gallon) amber glass jug. The
Teflon® tubing will connect the glass jug to both the well and the pump. The pump will create a
vacuum in the jug, thereby drawing water from the well into the jug.
The volatile organic portion of the sample will be collected after the other containers have been
filled by first disconnecting the vacuum jug assembly from the peristaltic pump. The Teflon® tubing
will be reconnected to the peristaltic pump and the pump will be used to fill the tubing with
groundwater. The Teflon®tubing will then be removed from the well and allowed to drain directly '
into the VOA vials.
In the event that groundwater is present at a depth too great to use a peristaltic pump, groundwater
samples will be collected using a submersible pump, decontaminated prior to each use, or a
Teflon® bailer.
Container requirements along with preservation procedures and holding times are presented in ' Section 6.0, Table 6-1 of this FSP. Samples for chemical analyses will be placed in iced coolers.
The FTL will be responsible for examining the samples and logging all observations. Samples will
be labeled,,packed, and shipped in accordance with the procedures specified in the Section 4.3
of the QAPP.
5.5 Surface Water Sampling
I
Surface wat,er samples will be collected by completely submerging the inverted collection bottles
directly intci the water body. If surface water samples cannot be obtained in this manner, they will
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 14 of 16
be collected using a stainless steel dipper or a glass jar and transferred into the appropriate sample
containers.
Container requirements along with preservation procedures and holding times are presented in
Section 6.0, Table 6-1 of this FSP. Samples for chemical analyses will be placed in iced coolers.
TheFTL will be responsible for examining the samples and logging all observations. Samples will
be labeled, packed, and shipped in accordance with the procedures specified in the Section 4.3
of the QAPP.
5.6 Decontamination Procedures
Procedures for equipment decontamination will be implemented to avoid cross-contamination of
surface and subsurface strata and samples of various media which are to be submitted for chemical
analyses. Decontamination procedures will meet or exceed the requirements of the EISOPQAM
(EPA, I 997). One decontamination station will be constructed during the course of the field work.
The decontamination station location will be selected by Black & Veatch. All sampling equipment
will be cleaned between sample locations.
Prior to mobilizing to any permanent monitoring well location, the drill rig should be cleaned of any
contaminants that may have been transported from another hazardous waste site, to minimize the
potential for cross-contamination. If potable water is not readily available at the decontamination
station, tap water (potable) brought on site for drilling and cleaning purposes should be contained
in a pre-cleaned tank of sufficient size so that drilling activities can proceed without having to stop
and obtain additional water. The drill rig and other equipment associated with the drilling and
sampling activities will be inspected to ensure that all oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, etc., have been
removed, and all seals and gaskets are intact with no fluid leaks. In addition, associated drilling and
decontamination equipment, well construction materials, and equipment handling procedures will
meet the following minimum specified criteria modified from the EISOPQAM:
• All downhole augering, drilling, and sampling equipment should be sandblasted before use if
painted, and/or there is a buildup of rust, hard or caked matter, etc., that cannot be removed
by steam cleaning (soap and high pressure hot water), or wire brushing. Sandblasting should
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Field Sampling Plan·
EPA ContraCt No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assigrullent No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
'
Section: 5
REVISED FfNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 15 ofl6
be performed prior to arrival on site, or well away from the decontamination pad and areas
to be sampled.
• Any, portion of the drill rig, backhoe, etc., that is over the borehole (kelly bar or mast,
backhoe buckets, drilling platform, hoist or chain pulldowns, spindles, cathead, etc.) will be
steam cleaned (soap and high pressure hot water) and wire brushed (as needed) to remove
all rust, soil, and other material which may have come from other hazardous waste sites before
being brough on site.
• All well materials and related items shall be new. Printing and/or writing on well casing, tremie
tubing, etc., shall be removed before use.
The decontamination station will be constructed at a suitable on-site location. In general, the station
will be covered with a durable liner (such as a fiberglass reinforced tarp) such that decontamination
fluids can flow into a lined collection pit, sump, or trench. The bottom of the pit should be lined
with plY\\'ood to keep equipment from tearing the lining. Fluids generated as a result of
decontamination will be dispersed onsite within the contaminated soil area. Decontamination
station sheeting will be removed and placed in drums when decontamination activities have been
completed.
Two levels of equipment decontamination shall be utilized during the field investigation. Method
I will be used for all equipment that will come into contact with analytical samples. Method II will
be used for all downhole and related equipment.
Method I:
The following procedures are to be used for all sampling equipment used to collect routine samples
undergoing trace organic or inorganic constituent analyses:
I. Clean with tap water and soap using a brush ifnecessary to remove particulate matter
arid surface films. Equipment may be steam cleaned ( soap and high pressure hot water)
as an alternative to brushing. Sampling equipment that is steam cleaned should be placed
on racks or saw horses at least two feet above the floor of the decontamination pad.
PVC or plastic items ·should not be steam cleaned.
2. Rinse thoroughly with tap water.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigrnon's Septic Tanlc Site
3. Rinse thoroughly with analyte free water.
Section: 5
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 16 of 16
4. Rinse thoroughly with pesticide grade isopropanol. Do not rinse PVC or plastic items
with pesticide grade isopropanol.
5. Rinse thoroughly with organic/analyte free water.
6. Remove the equipment from the decontamination area and cover with plastic. Equipment
stored overnight will be covered and sealed with clean, unused plastic.
Method II:
The drill rig and related drilling equipment will be steam cleaned between soil boring locations using
the following procedure:
1. Wash with a high-pressure [2,500 pounds per square inch (psi) and 200 °F plus] steam
cleaner with phosphate-free laboratory grade detergent ( such as Liquinox® and potable
water. Drilling equipment should be placed on racks or saw horses at least two feet
above the floor of the decontamination pad. Hollow-stem augers, drill rods, etc., that are
hollow or have halves that transmit water or drilling fluids, should be cleaned on the inside
with vigorous brushing.
2. Rinse thoroughly high-pressure steam cleaner using potable water.
3. If oil or grease is observed, rinse with pesticide-grade isopropanol.
4. Rinse thoroughly with organic/analyte free water.
Final decontamination of all equipment used to complete the sampling effort will be required prior
to equipment demobilization from the site. This decontamination step is required to prevent
contaminants from being transported offsite by subcontractors' vehicles. Final decontamination will
be performed at the decontamination area and will be witnessed by field personnel. The
procedures used for decontamination between sampling locations will be utilized during final
decontamination.
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Field Sampl,ing Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic TanJc Site
6.0 Sample Handling and Analysis
6.1 Sample Containment and Preservation
Section: 6
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 1 of4
Sample cpntainment and preservation are as important to any environmental sampling event as the
procedures by which the samples are collected. All of the surface soil, subsurface soil,
groundwater, and surface water samples to be collected at the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site as
I
described in Section 3.0 of this FSP are to be analyzed by one or more of the following CLP
I analytical methods as stated in the CLP SOW for organic (OLM04.2) and inorganic (ILM04. l)
analysis: volatile organics [Modified EPA Method 624-groundwater and surface water; SW-846
Method 5035/8260B (using Encore™ T-handles and Encore™ samplers)-soil and sediment];
semi volatile organics (Modified EPA Method 625); pesticides/PCBs (Modified EPA Method
608); and metals (Modified EPA Method 200 series) (EPA, 2000c). Additional parameters to
be analyzed for in surface soil and sediment samples to support the ecological risk assessment
include nqn-CLP methods for pH (SW-846 Method 9040/9045); TOC [SW-846-Method 9060
( dry combustion)]; and grain size (ASTM D 421 and 422). Three surface soil, three subsurface I
soil, and one groundwater sample will also be analyzed by SAS for dioxins (SW-846 Method
8290).
The proper containers, preservation methods, and holding times established for the analytical
methods to be used for the site soil and water samples are presented in Table 6-1.
6.2 Sample Collection Documentation
Sample collection documentation procedures are another vital aspect of any environmental
sampling eyent. Each sample or field measurement must be properly documented to facilitate
timely, correct, and complete analysis. Additionally, sample custody procedures are necessary to
support the use of data in potential enforcement actions at a site.
6. 2. 1 Field Operation Records
The most important aspect of sample collection documentation is thorough, accurate
recordkeepi'ng. The documentation of field operations associated with sample collection will be
--
Soil/Sediment -(CLP)
Soil/Sediment
(Other)
Groundwater
(CLP)
Groundwater
(Other)
Surface Water
(CLP)
Notes:
- --- -- - ----Table 6-1
Sample Containers, Preservatives, and Holding Times(l)
Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site
- --- -
Statesville, Iredell Conntv, North Carolina .~-a-.w;a~~~ilc n1alne_r: -~, ,~§~Sam~ ~\i:ix1milm"Holffinefitii\W(2l;!
~·n·a1~i~iit-e ,4
" . _. :· . ,fti[~~si~-~EmaCtioD~t J'JIAifalvsiWli
Volatile Organics
Semivolatilc Organics
Modified SW-846 Method 5035/8260B 3x 5 gram EnCoreTM Ice to 4 degrees C --48 Hours(})_
Modified EPA l x 250 mL, G
1----------f--------"M"'e'"t'-'ho"'d"-"6"'2)"--------I Teflon-lined cap Ice to 4 degrees C
Pesticidcs/PCBs
Metals
Grain Size Distribution
ioH
Dioxin
Total Organic Carbon
Volatile Organics
Scmivolatile Organics
Pesticides/PCBs
Metals
Dioxin
Volatile Organics
Semivolatile Organics
Pesticides/PCBs
Metals
Modified EPA for
Method 608 both
Modified EPA Method 200 Series
ASTM D 42 l and 422
SW-846 Method 9040/9045
SW-846 Method 8290
SW-846 9060 Id~ combustion)
Modified EPA
Method 624
Modified EPA
Method 625
Modified EPA
Method 608
Modified EPA Method 200 Series
SW-846 Method 8290
Modified EPA
Method 624
Modified EPA
Method 625
Modified EPA
Method 608
Modified EPA Method 200 Series
l x 250 mL, G
l x 250 mL, G
l x 250 mL, G
l x 250 mL, G
l x 250 mL, G
3 x 40 mL, G(4)
Teflon-lined
sentum can
l x 4L, AG
Teflon-lined cap
for
both
l x 250 mL, P
l x lO00mL, AG
3 x 40 mL, G(4)
Teflon-lined
seotum can
l x 4L, AG
Teflon-lined cap
for
both
l x 250 mL P
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C
HCI to pH <2
no headspace
Ice to 4 degrees C
lee to 4 degrees C; 50% HNO3 to nH < 2
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C
HCI to pH< 2
no headspacc
Ice to 4 degrees C
Ice to 4 degrees C; 50% HNOJ to nH < 2
I Sample containers, preservatives, and holding times were obtained from EISOPQAM and laboratory infonnation.
2 When only one holding time is given, it implies total holding time from sampling until analysis.
3 The laboratory has 48 hours to preserve the samples, and then 12 days for analysis.
4 Teflon-lined septa.
G Glass.
P Plastic.
A Amber.
14 days 40 days
--6 months
--TBD
----
30 45
--28 days
--14 days
7 days 40 days
6 months
30 45
14 days
7 days 40 days
6 months
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's SCJ)tic Tank Site
Section: 6
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page3of4
recorded on Groundwater Sample Collection Records, field logbooks, and photodocumentation
logs. Information required on Groundwater Sample Collection Records and field logbooks, is ' . discussed in Section 3.6 of the QAPP. Information to be included in photodocumentation logs is
discussed below.
Sample collection or other sample associated documentation may also take the form of
photographs which will be organized into a photodocumentation log. The photographs may show
the surroupding area and reference objects that identify the sampling locations. The film roll number
will be identified by photographing an informational sign on the first frame of the roll. This sign will
show the site name, initials of photographer, film roll number, and date to identify the pictures
contained on the roll.
For example: Sigmon's Septic Tank Site RI/FS,
JPS, Roll 1
January 13, 2002
An entry will be made in the field log identifying which sampling location is depicted in each
photograph. Logbook entries of photographs will have fourmajorcomponents: photographer's
initials, roll number and frame number, date and a description of what was photographed.
For example: JPS, 1-1, 01-03-01, Sampling at Well SS-MW-02A.
Photographs will be attached to a photographic documentation form sheet that will contain the
following information:
She.et No.
Film No. (Roll No.)
Site'Name and Location
Date Photograph Was Taken
Day of the Week Photograph Was Taken
Direction the Photographer Was Pointing the Camera
Objects oflmportance in Photograph (Sampling Location Identification) I
Roll No./Frame No.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 6
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page4of4
Photographic documentation form sheets may contain one or more photographs per page.
6.2.2 Sample Custody Documentation
The sample chain-of-custody procedure provides another means of sample collection
documentation. The sample chain-of-custody procedure documents the identifying, tracking, and
monitoring of each sample from the point of collection through final data reporting. Sample labels,
sample tags, custody seals, EPA Organic or Inorganic Traffic Report and Chain-of-Custody
Records (for CLP analysis), Black & Veatch Chain-of-Custody Records (for otherthan CLP
analysis), and airbill numbers are used to maintain sample custody from collection through shipping
to the analytical laboratory. Information on how each of these items are used in the sample chain-
of-custody procedure is presented in Section 4.3 of the QAPP. Each analytical laboratory
establishes its own chain-of-custody procedures for samples once they have arrived at the
laboratory; however, CLP laboratories must have procedures approved by EPA.
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043 Section: 7
REV[SED FfNAL
Ju[y 19, 2002
Pagel of2
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
7.0 Investigation-Derived Wastes
Various types ofIDW are defined in theEISOPQAM, Chapter 5 (EPA, 1997). Types ofIDW
anticipated to be generated at the Sigmon's Septic Tank Site include: I) personal decontamination
stations li,quids; 2) well development and purge water; 3) personal protective equipment (PPE);
4) decontamination fluids; 5) drill cuttings from well installation; and 6) uncontaminated wastes. ' These typ,es of!DW are the only forms of contaminants or pollutants anticipated to be generated
as a result ofRVFS activities. Therefore, the procedures and safeguards listed below for each of ' the types ofIDW anticipated to be generated at the site will serve as the pollution control and
mitigation plan for the site. The types of!DW that are anticipated to be produced during the field
operations at site and the procedures and safeguards for processing those wastes include the
following:
•
•
•
•
Personal Decontamination Station Liquids. These liquids include the wash water
from the boot wash and the hand and face wash containers. Contaminants typically
found in these liquids result from activities which bring personnel in contact with the
soil. The water will be placed in DOT-approved 55-gallon UN IA-I or IA-2
drums, labeled to indicate contents, and staged at a predetermined accumulation
area on site.
Drill Cuttings. These materials are generated during the drilling ofboreholes. The
procedure for handling the drill cuttings will be: I) to containerize the cuttings
separately from each borehole in DOT-approved 55-gallon UN IA-I or IA-2
drums; 2) label to indicate contents; 3) stage the drums at a designated onsite
accumulation area; and 4) include drilling fluids with drill cuttings if drilling fluids are
used.
Well Development and Purge Water. These fluids include the groundwater
obtained from monitoring well presarnpling development and purging activities.
The water will be placed in DOT-approved 55-gallon UN IA-I or IA-2 drums,
labeled to indicate contents, and staged at a predetermined accumulation area on
site.
PPE. This category includes the disposable work clothing such as booties, gloves,
and coveralls, worn by field personnel during the field investigation. The
procedure for handling disposable personal protective clothing will be: I) place
-Field Sampling Plan
EPA Cootract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Section: 7
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 2 of2
such articles in DOT-approved 55-gallon UN IA-I or IA-2 drums; 2) label to
indicate contents; and 3) stage on site at a designated onsite accumulation area.
• Decontamination Fluids. These fluids include wash waters used to decontaminate
the sampling equipment as well as the PPE decontamination fluids. The water will
be placed in DOT-approved 55-gallon UN IA-I or IA-2 drums, labeled to
indicate contents, and staged at a predetermined accumulation area on site.
• Uncontaminated Wastes. Packaging, household trash, flagging, etc., will be
placed in trash sacks and removed from the site periodically by the contractor field
team at the completion of field work.
Drums containing cuttings, waste fluids, and personal protective clothing will be staged at the
designated accumulation area on site during the field investigation and placed on pallets. The drums
will be removed from each monitoring well location upon completion of well development at each
location. Additional drum utilized during monitoring well sampling will be removed upon
completion of the groundwater sampling effort. The final disposition of the drummed wastes will
depend upon the field sample analytical results as supplemented by analyses of drum contents if
needed. Disposal shall be consistent with applicable federal, state, and local regulations or
guidance. Any portion of the wastes, including well development and purge water, which are
determined to be hazardous based on the analytical results will be removed from the site for
disposal in appropriate facilities by Black & Veatch's subcontractor for IDW removal.
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I Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contra_ct No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assigilment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon 's Septic Tank Site
8.0 Field Activities Schedule
Section: 8
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 1 ofl
Section 3 of this FSP presents the anticipated schedule for the field activities to be completed
during th<i field investigation. Sampling field investigation activities are scheduled to begin at the end
of July 2002. The sampling field investigation activities are to be conducted under a Final Work ' Plan, QAPP, FSP, and HASP (Site HASP and R1 Task HASP). In order to meet the sampling
field inve~tigation schedule, approvals on the following plans and documents need to be approved
( or, in the case of health and safety plans, received) by EPA Region 4 no later than the dates
indicated:
•
•
•
•
•
Final Work Plan -July 22, 2002
Final QAPP -July 01, 2002
Final FSP -July 22, 2002
Final Site HASP -July 01, 2002
R1 Task HASP -July 01, 2002
In additio~, access has to be obtained for those properties on which the investigation will be
performed, but for which access has not yet been granted. It is Black & Veatch's understanding
that the EPA will secure the needed access.
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contr.ict No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site :
9.0 References
Section: 9
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Pagelof6
Black&,Veatch, 2002a. Letter to Ms. Giezelle Bennett, EPA Region 4, from Christopher J.
Allen, Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp., dated February 18, 2002. Subject: Response to
Follow-~p Comments on Draft Planning Documents.
Black & Veatch, 2002b. Email to Ms. Giezelle Bennett; EPA Region 4, from Christopher J. Allen,
Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp., dated March 5, 2002. Subject: Additional Response to
Follow-up Comments on Draft Planning Documents.
Black & Veatch, 200 I a. Letter to Ms. Giezelle Bennett, EPA Region 4, from Christopher J.
' Allen, Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp., dated October 3,200 I. Subject: Draft Technical
Approach.
Black & Veatch, 200 I b Letter to Ms. Giezelle Bennett, EPA Region 4, from Christopher J. Allen,
Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp., dated December 18, 2001. Subject: Response to
Comments on Draft Planning Documents.
Black & Veatch, 2001c. Letter to Ms. Giezelle Bennett, EPA Region 4, from Christopher J.
Allen, Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp., dated October I, 200 I. Subject: Site Visit Letter
Report.
Black & y eatch, 2001 d. Memorandum to File, from Christopher J. Allen, Black & Veatch
Special Projects Corp., dated December 7, 2001. Subject: Phone Memos.
Burrows, / 993. Letter to Chris DeRoller, NC Division of Environmental Management, from
Steven B~ows, Shield Environmental Associates, dated November 3, 1993. Subject: Septic Pit
Lagoon Sludge Sampling Report.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tanlc Site
Section: 9
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 2 of6
Connell, 199 5. Memorandwn to Pat De Rosa, NC Division of Solid Waste Management, from
Karen Connell, NC Division of Environmental Management, dated December 15, 1995. Subject:
Sigmon Septic Tank Service Groundwater Incident #3422.
Davidson, 2001. J.R. Davidson, Jr., et al, Visual Sample Plan, Version 1.0 User Guide,
prepared for USEPA, March 2001.
DeRoller, 1991. Letter to Bany Sigmon, AAA Enterprises, from Chris DeRoller, NC Division of
Environmental Management, dated April 8, 1991. Subject: Groundwater Sampling Results
Groundwater Incident #3422.
DeRosa, 1996. Letter to Cindy Gurley, EPA Region 4, from Pat DeRosa, NC Division of Solid
Waste Management, dated December 12, 1996. Subject: CERCLIS Site Addition.
EPA, 2002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Science and Ecosystem Support Division,
Geophysical Investigation Report for Sigmon 's Septic Tank Site Statesville, North Carolina,
June 2002.
EPA, 2001. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Work Assignment Form for WA No. 040-
RICO-A44F, May 7, 2001.
EPA,2000a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9 Preliminary Remedial Goals,
November 22, 2000.
EPA, 2000b. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Drinking Water Regulations and Health
Advisories, Summer 2000.
EPA, 2000c. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Contract Laboratorv Program, Statements
of Work for Multi-Media, Multi-Concentration Organic (OLM04.2), Inorganic (ILM04. l), and
Low Concentration Organic (OLC02.l) from EPA Internet Website, October 20, 2000.
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Field Sampl_ing Plan
EPA Contr3ct No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RICO-A44F
Sigmon's S~ptic Tank Site
Section: 9
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page 3 of6
EPA, 1999a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 4, Ecological Risk Assessment
' Bulletins: Supplement to Risk Assessment Guidance (RAGs), August 11, 1999.
EPA, 1999b. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 4, National Recommended Water '
Quality Criteria -Correction April 1999, Human Health Consumption of Water and ' Organisms, April 1999.
EPA, 1997. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Services Division,
Environmental Investigations Standard Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual
(EISOPQAM), May I 996 (Revised I 997).
EPIC, 2002. Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center, historical imagery for Sigmon's
Septic Tank, Picture No. 20204510S (1976, 1982, 1986, 1993, 1996, and 1998), June 2002.
Garber, 1978. M. S. Garber and F. C. Koopman, Methods of Measuring Water Levels in Deep
Wells, USGS, 1978.
Grayson, ;1980. Minutes of Meeting in Statesville, North Carolina, by Susan Grayson, NC
Department of Human Resources, June 20, 1980.
Homesley, 1996. Letter to Keith Overcash, NC Division ofEnvironmental Management, from
T.C. Homesley, Jr., Homesley, Jones, Gaines, and Fields, dated February 19, 1996. Subject:
Insolvency of AAA Enterprises.
Lair, 1997: Letter to Jack Butler, NC Division of Solid Waste Management, from Myron Lair,
EPA Region 4, dated April I, 1997. Subject: Sigmon Septic Tank Service Eligibility for Removal
Action.
Martin, 1992. Internal Memorandum to Keith Masters, NC Waste Management Branch, from
Laurie Martin, dated December 30, 1992. Subject: Site Investigation at Sigmon Septic/AAA
Enterprises.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RJCO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 9
REVlSED FfNAL
July 19, 2002
Page4 of6
Moore, 1996a. Memorandum to Pat DeRosa, NC Site Assessment and Removal Branch, from
Douglas Moore, NC Superfund Section, dated December 12, 1996. Subject: Removal
Evaluation.
Moore, 1996b. Memorandum to File, from Douglas Moore, NC Superfund Section, dated
December 17, 1996. Subject: Removal Evaluation and On-Site Reconnaissance.
NCDEM, 1980. NC Division of Environmental Management, Drilling Well Records and
Analytical Sampling Results, September 8, 1980.
NCDENR, 2002 North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
Classification of Water Quality Standards Applicable to the Surface Waters ofNorth Carolina,
Chapter I SA of the North Carolina Administrative Code Section 2B 0.0200, January I 0, 2002.
NCDENR, 2000a. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Expanded
Site Inspection Report, Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site, NCD 062 555 792, Statesville, Iredell
County, North Carolina, March 31, 2000.
NCDENR, 2000b. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, North
Carolina Contaminated Soil Cleanup Levels, Chapter I SA of the North Carolina Administrative
Code Section 2L, 2000.
NCDENR, 2000c. NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Groundwater Section
Guidelines for the Investigation and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, July 2000.
NCDENR, 1998. North Carolina Department ofEnvironment and Natural Resources, Combined
Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection Report, Sigmon's Septic Tank Service Site, Statesville,
Iredell County, North Carolina, NCO 062 555 792, September 30, 1998.
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Field Sampling Plan
EPA ContraCt No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-R1CO-A44F
Sigmon's Septic Tank Site
Section: 9
REVJSED FrNAL
July 19, 2002
Page 5 of6
NCDENR, 1994. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
Groundwater Quality Standards, Chapter 15A of the North Carolina Administrative Code Section
2L 0.0202, amended November 1, 1994.
NCDNRCD, 1987. NC Department ofNatural Resources and Community Development, Well '
Construction Records, August 31, 1987.
NCDSWM, 1997a. NC Division of Solid Waste Management, Septage Management Program,
Authorization to Discharge Septage to a Wastewater Treatment Facility for Sigmon Environmental,
January 8, 1997.
NCDSWM, 1997b. NC Division of Solid Waste Management, Management Program, Permit
to Operate a Septage Management Firm for Sigmon Environmental, February 20, 1997.
' NCDSWM, 1995. NC Division of Solid Waste Management, SeptageManagementProgram,
Authorization to Discharge Septageto a Wastewater Treatment Facility for Sigmon Environmental,
December 15, 1995.
NCDSWM, 1992. NC Division of Solid Waste Management, Septage Management Program,
Applicatio~ for Permit to Operate a Septage Management Firm for AAA Enterprises, April 21,
1992.
NCDSWM, 1989a. NC DivisionofSolid Waste Management, Septage Management Program,
Application for Permit to Operate a Septage Management Firm for AAA Enterprises, May I 2,
1989.
NCDSWM, 1989b. NC Division of Solid Waste Management, Septage Management Program,
Application.for Permit to Operate a Septage Management Firm for AAA Enterprises, December
11, 1989.
Field Sampling Plan
EPA Contract No. 68-W-99-043
Work Assignment No. 0029-RJCO-A44F
Sigmon 's Septic Tank Site
Section: 9
REVISED FINAL
July 19, 2002
Page6of6
Readling, 1990. Internal Letter to Keith Masters, NC Hazardous Waste Compliance Unit, from
Scott Readling, dated September I 4, I 990. Subject: Site Investigation of AAA Enterprises.
Sigmon, 1995. Letter to Karen Walker, NC Department ofEnvironment and Natural Resources,
from Barry Sigmon, dated April 26, 1995. Subject: Lagoon Closure Activities Groundwater
Incident #3422.
Sigmon, 1982. Letter to Bill Myer, NC Department of Human Resource, from Mary Sigmon,
AAA Enterprises, dated April 19, 1982. Subject: Reinstatement of AAA Enterprises as a Transporter.
Sigmon, 1981. Section 3007 RCRA Questionnaire, Followup Information for Part A Application,
Mary Sigmon, Respondent, June 11, I 98 I.
Sigmon, 1980. EPA Hazardous Waste Notification Form, Part A, Henry Sigmon, Applicant,
November I 0, 1980.
USGS, 1993. U.S. Geological Survey, 7.5 minute series Topographic Quadrangle Maps of
North Carolina: Troutman, North Carolina 1993.
Zeller, 1981. Letter to Mary Sigmon, AAA Enterprises, from Howard Zeller, dated June 5, 1981.
Subject: Section 3007 RCRA Request for Information.
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