5002_JacksonCounty_MSWLF_CAER_FID1636625_20220113

January 2022
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
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kzANCHOR
QEA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report
Prepared for Jackson County Solid Waste Department

January 2022
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report
Prepared for
Jackson County Solid Waste Department
401 Grindstaff Cove Road
Sylva, North Carolina 28779
41,011-0-00f
Stephen Colqu un
Staff Engineer
Prepared by
Anchor QEA of North Carolina, PLLC
231 Haywood Street
Asheville, North Carolina 28801
Senior Managing Geologist
Project Number: C11480-01.01
\\athena\asheville\Projects\Jackson County\, -Reports - Groundwater\2021 Corrective Action Evaluation Report\2021-0106 Jackson County Five -Year
Corrective Action Evaluation Report.docx

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Historical Summary...................................................................................................................1
2 Constituents of Concern..........................................................................................................4
2.1 Discussion of Historical Data..........................................................................................................................4
2.1.1 Background Monitoring Well.........................................................................................................4
2.1.2 Upgradient Monitoring Wells.........................................................................................................4
2.1.3 Mid -Gradient Monitoring Wells....................................................................................................5
2.1.4 Downgradient Monitoring Wells...................................................................................................6
3 Overview of Remedial Approach...........................................................................................8
3.1 Leachate Extraction System.............................................................................................................................8
3.2 Assessment of Natural Attenuation..........................................................................................................10
3.2.1 Stability of COC Plume................................................................................................................... 10
3.2.2 Analysis of MNA................................................................................................................................ 11
3.3 Hydrogeology....................................................................................................................................................13
4 Conclusions and Recommendations...................................................................................15
5 References.................................................................................................................................17
TABLES
Table 1 Summary of Laboratory Analyses Performed on Samples
Table 2 Well Construction Details and Corresponding Elevations
Table 3 Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L
Standard)
Table 4 Mass Removal Calculations for Volatile Organic Compounds Detected in the
Leachate Sample
Table 5 Summary of Natural Attenuation Parameters
FIGURES
Figure 1
Site Location Map
Figure 2
Site Layout Map
Figure 3
Generalized Groundwater Flow Direction and Concentration Trend Relative to
Groundwater Standards
Figure 4
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time —Monitoring Well MW-01
Figure 5
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time —Monitoring Well MW-02
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report i January 2022

Figure 6
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time
—Monitoring Well MW-03
Figure 7
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time
—Monitoring Well MW-04
Figure 8
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time
—Monitoring Well MW-05R
Figure 9
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time
—Monitoring Well MW-06
Figure 10
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time
—Monitoring Well MW-07
Figure 11
Leachate Extraction System Trends
APPENDICES
Appendix A Extraction Well Boring Logs
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report ii January 2022

ABBREVIATIONS
pg/L
micrograms per liter
1,1-DCA
1,1-dichloroethane
1,2-DCE
cis- 1,2-dichloroethene
1,4-DCB
1,4-dichlorobenzene
2L standards
Title 15A of the North Carolina Administrative Code, Subchapter 2L, .0202
ACM
Assessment of Corrective Measures
Altamont
Altamont Environmental, Inc.
CAP
Corrective Action Plan
COC
constituent of concern
DENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DEQ
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
DO
dissolved oxygen
DWM
Division of Waste Management
EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Fe2
ferrous iron
Fe3
ferric iron
ft/day
feet per day
ft/yr
feet per year
HELP
Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance
LFG
landfill gas
mg/L
milligrams per liter
MNA
monitored natural attenuation
NCAC
North Carolina Administrative Code
nM
nanomole
ORP
oxidation reduction potential
PCB
Polychlorinated biphenyls
PCE
tetrachloroethene
PWR
partially weathered rock
Site
closed municipal solid waste landfill located approximately 0.75 miles west of
Dillsboro, North Carolina, on the northeast side of Old Dillsboro Road (Old U.S.
Highway 74)
SWS
Solid Waste Section
TCE
trichloroethene
TWSA
Tuckaseigee Water & Sewer Authority
VOC
volatile organic compound
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report iii January 2022

Historical Summary
The Jackson County Solid Waste Department maintains a closed municipal solid waste landfill (Site)
located approximately 0.75 miles west of Dillsboro, North Carolina, on the northeast side of Old
Dillsboro Road (Old U.S. Highway 74, Figure 1). Water quality monitoring at the landfill is performed
in accordance with the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), Division of Waste
Management (DWM), Solid Waste Section (SWS), under Permit No. 50-02, issued to Jackson County
on April 11, 2006. The landfill permit requires semiannual monitoring of groundwater quality by
sampling seven monitoring wells (MW-01, MW-02, MW-03, MW-04, MW-05R, MW-06, and MW-07).
A Site Layout Map is included in Figure 2.
Over time, groundwater quality monitoring indicated persistent low-level concentrations of
constituents in groundwater samples that exceeded a regulatory standard. To achieve compliance
with regulatory standards the following activities were completed:
• September 7, 2010—An Assessment of Corrective Measures (ACM) report was submitted to
the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) DWM SWS.
The ACM stated that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and metals have been historically
detected in excess of the groundwater standards listed in Title 15A of the North Carolina
Administrative Code (NCAC), Subchapter 2L, .0202 (2L standards). Individual metals are not
persistently detected over time and, historically, elevated turbidity levels in the samples may
have affected the results. Therefore, the ACM suggested that the objective of the remedy
focus on VOCs. The ACM evaluated several potential remedies.
• November 12, 2010—Based on the ACM report, the SWS issued a letter to Jackson County
entitled Response: Assessment of Corrective Measures, requesting a remedy to restore
groundwater quality and effectively reduce contamination.
• May 13, 2011—Following advertisement and solicitation for public comment on the ACM,
Altamont Environmental, Inc' (Altamont). submitted a letter containing the Corrective Action
Permit Modification Application —Jackson County Landfill, dated May 13, 2011. The Corrective
Action Permit Modification application indicated that the selected remedy was leachate
removal and monitoring of natural attenuation parameters.
• June 2, 2011—The SWS approved the selected remedy with a letter entitled Response:
Groundwater Corrective Action Selected Remedy Approval —Closed Jackson County Landfill,
Permit No. 50-02, dated June 2, 2011. The SWS requested the preparation of a Corrective
Action Plan.
• June 30, 2011—Altamont submitted the Corrective Action Plan —Jackson County Municipal
Solid Waste Landfill on June 30, 2011. Based upon the property currently owned by Jackson
County, relative to monitoring locations, the Corrective Action Plan (CAP) established a
Altamont Environmental, Inc. became Anchor QEA of North Carolina, PLLC in 2016.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 1 January 2022

compliance and review boundary for the closed landfill in accordance with the criteria set
forth in Title 15A, of the NCAC, Subchapter 2L, .0107. The CAP offered a remedy to restore
groundwater quality and effectively reduce contamination for VOC constituents in excess of
groundwater quality standards outside the compliance boundary. The CAP outlined a
schedule for the implementation of the remedy that included a three -phased approach over a
5-year time span. Implementation of the remedy included: purchase of dedicated leachate
extraction pumps (Phase 1); installation of dedicated pumps into each of the existing landfill
gas extraction wells and collection of leachate into a leachate extraction sump (Phase 2);
disposal of leachate through connection of leachate extraction sump to the Tuckaseigee
Water & Sewer Authority (TWSA) collection system (Phase 3); and continued monitoring of
groundwater for natural attenuation parameters, VOCs, and metals.
• September 1, 2011—The CAP was approved by the SWS in a letter from the DENR, entitled
Approval of the County's Corrective Action Plan, dated September 1, 2011. The approval letter
required that after 5 years, the corrective actions discussed in the CAP shall be evaluated and
reviewed. If VOC concentrations are not reduced, contingency plans may be required.
• June 30, 2012—The first phase of CAP implementation was completed. The leachate
extraction pumps were acquired.
• September 1, 2012—The second phase of CAP implementation was completed. The leachate
extraction pumps were installed in 10 landfill gas (LFG) extraction wells (Figure 2) and leachate
extraction was initiated.
• September 6, 2013—The third and final phase of CAP implementation was completed.
Discharge from the temporary collection tank (from which the leachate was pumped and
hauled for disposal) was permanently connected to the TWSA.
• October 2016—the first Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report was completed. This
5-year review identified that leachate extraction system did not align with the performance as
modeled by the CAP. The leachate recovery system was based on an infiltration volume of
3.1 million gallons per year and leachate removal rate of 1.2 million gallons per year. Over the
3 years of continuous pumping, 0.35 million gallons had been removed by the system.
Figure 2 shows the locations of the seven groundwater monitoring wells and the 10 landfill gas
extraction wells.
The CAP established a compliance and review boundary for the closed landfill, which are shown in
Figure 2. Historically, several VOCs have been detected in samples collected from monitoring wells
located outside the compliance boundary (MW-02, MW-04, MW-06, and MW-07).
The DEQ-approved leachate extraction (e.g., source reduction) with monitored natural attenuation
(MNA) remedy was chosen for restoring groundwater quality by reducing VOC concentrations to
levels less than the groundwater quality standards outside the compliance boundary. This second
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 2 January 2022

5-year review will evaluate the performance of the leachate extraction system with MNA in regard to
contaminant reduction at the compliance boundary.
A summary of laboratory analyses, including the MNA parameters, is provided in Table 1. Table 2
provides a summary of well -construction information for the seven Site monitoring wells. Table 3
summarizes historical concentrations of the Site constituents of concern (COCs), which will be
discussed in detail in Section 2.0.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 3 January 2022

2 Constituents of Concern
The main COCs, as outlined in the ACM, are 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCA), 1,4-dichlorobenzene
(1,4-DCB), benzene, cis- 1,2-dichloroethene (1,2-DCE), tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene (TCE),
and vinyl chloride. Historically these compounds have been detected in Site monitoring wells located
both inside and outside of the compliance boundary at concentrations greater than the 2L standards.
See Table 3 for a summary of the historical concentrations of the COCs.
Since the CAP's sampling activities began in 2010 and with the initiation of 1,4-dioxane analysis in
2018, using SW846 Method 8260 SIM, four VOCs, benzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, vinyl chloride, and
1,4-dioxane have been detected in excess of the 2L standard outside of the compliance boundary.
These contaminants will be the focus for evaluating the effectiveness of corrective action at the Site.
The overall Site layout, including the edge -of -waste and compliance boundaries, is shown in
Figure 2. Figure 3 provides a generalized groundwater flow map and a summary of COC
concentration trends. The graphs shown in Figures 4 through 10 provide a visual summary of the
concentration of VOCs that consistently exceed their respective 2L standards, how they relate to
groundwater elevation, and how their trend changes throughout the period that follows the
implementation of leachate extraction with MNA remedy. Figure 11 provides a summary of the
leachate extraction system performance.
2.1 Discussion of Historical Data
Table 2 provides well -construction information for the current seven Site monitoring wells. Table 3
shows historical concentrations dating back as far as 1999 for the oldest monitoring wells on Site.
2.7. 7 Background Monitoring Well
One monitoring well, MW-02 (Figures 2, and 5), serves as the Site's background monitoring well. It is
located downgradient of the landfill, but is in a position that is not along a groundwater flow path
from the landfill wastes. MW-02 is screened in bedrock and has only exceeded the 2L standard for
1,4-dioxane. Monitoring for 1,4-dioxane began in 2018; no other COC has exceeded the 2L standards
since October 2002. Prior to that time, 1,1-dichloroethane was detected slightly above its 2L standard
on two occasions.
2. 7.2 Upgradient Monitoring Wells
Two monitoring wells are located in the upgradient portion of the Site: MW-01 and MW-06 (Figure
2). MW-01 is located inside the compliance boundary and was installed in 1992. MW-06 is located
outside of the compliance boundary in the northwest corner of the property and was installed in
2004. Both of these monitoring wells are screened in bedrock.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 4 January 2022

The following constituents have exceeded 2L standards in upgradient monitoring wells (Table 3):
• Monitoring well MW-01 (Figure 4)
- M-DCA—Concentrations have been trending downward since 1999, dropping below
the 2L standard of 6 pg/L in 2012, and have remained below this standard since then.
- Benzene —Concentrations have consistently exceeded the 2L standard of 1 pg/L since
1999. Concentrations have been trending downward and are now slightly above the
2L standard.
- 1,4-DCB—Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard of 6 pg/L since 2001 and have
been trending downward since 2015.
- PCE—Concentrations have remained slightly above or slightly below the 2L standard of
0.70 pg/L since 2007. Most detections since 2008 have been reported with a "J" flag by
the laboratory, indicating the result is an estimated concentration (e.g., it is greater than
the laboratory's method detection limit (MDL) and less than its reporting limit). Trends
have been declining since 2017 and are now below the 2L standard.
- 1,4-Dioxane-1,4-Dioxane has not been detected in this well since monitoring began in
2018.
• Monitoring well MW-06 (Figure 9)
- M-DCA—Concentrations regularly exceeded the 2L standard between 2004 and 2009.
Concentrations have been trending downward since 2009, and in 2016, concentrations
dropped below the 2L standard and have remained below it.
- 1,4-DCB—Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard since 2004 and are trending
downward. The last detected concentration exceeding the 2L standard was in
April 2016.
- Benzene —Concentrations have generally exceeded the 2L standard since 2004;
however, in 2014, concentrations began trending downward and have remained below
2L standard since 2016.
- PCE—Concentrations have not exceeded 2L standards in MW-06 since the April 2009
sampling event, with the exception of the March 2018 sample, which had detection of
0.72 J (an estimated concentration).
- 1,4-Dioxane-1,4-Dioxane has not been detected in this well since monitoring began in
2018.
2.1.3 Mid -Gradient Monitoring Wells
Monitoring wells MW-03 and MW-05R are topographically located midway along the groundwater
flow path for the Site (Figure 2). MW-03 is screened in the partially weathered rock (PWR) portion of
the aquifer and was installed in 1992. MW-05R is screened in the saprolite portion of the aquifer,
which is located stratigraphically above the PWR. MW-05R was installed in 2012 to replace MW-05.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 5 January 2022

Anchor QEA's analytical records of MW-05 date back to 1999. Both monitoring wells are located
inside the compliance boundary.
The following constituents have exceeded 2L standards in mid -gradient monitoring wells (Table 3):
• Monitoring well MW-03 (Figure 6)
- 1,1-DCA—Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard regularly between 1999 and
2005, but have not exceeded the 2L standard since 2005. Concentrations have been
trending strongly downward.
- 1,4-DCB—Concentrations regularly exceed its 2L standard during the fall sampling
events when groundwater elevations are lower between 1999 and 2015. Seasonal
variation (fall versus spring) at this well has been occurring regularly since 2006. The
2L standard has not been exceeded since March 2017.
- Benzene —Concentrations follow the same seasonal pattern as 1,4-DCB, historic
exceedances regularly occurred in the fall. Concentrations are trending downward and
have only exceeded the 2L standard once since fall 2014.
- PCE—Concentrations have never exceeded the 2L standard in MW-03 and have not
been detected since April 2007.
- 1,4-Dioxane—Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard of 3 pg/L three times
since semiannual monitoring began in 2018.
• Monitoring well MW-05/MW-05R (Figure 8)
- 1,4-DCB—Although concentrations exceeded the 2L standard regularly between 1999
and 2011, since 2011, 1,4-DCB has generally been in decline and recent detections are
typically fluctuate above and below its 2L standard.
- Benzene —Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard consistently since 2007 and
remain generally stable to slightly increasing in trend.
- PCE—PCE has not been detected in MW-05/MW-05R.
- Vinyl Chloride —Although concentrations have consistently exceeded the 2L standard
since 2007, they are generally in a slight declining trend. As stated in Section 1.0,
vinyl chloride is a degradation product of chlorinated solvents. Concentrations of vinyl
chloride in this well indicate that conditions between the source area and MW-05R may
support degradation of chlorinated solvents.
- 1,4-Dioxane—Concentrations have regularly exceeded the 2L standard since monitoring
began in 2018, but are in a declining trend.
2. 7.4 Downgradient Monitoring Wells
Monitoring wells MW-04 and MW-07 are topographically located in the downgradient portion of the
Site (Figure 2). MW-04 is screened in saprolite, and MW-07 is screened in bedrock.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 6 January 2022

The following constituents have exceeded 2L standards in downgradient monitoring wells (Table 3):
• Monitoring well MW-04 (Figure 7)
- 1,4-DCB—Concentrations consistently exceeded the 2L standard between 1999 and
2009 and have since been trending downward to concentrations less than the
2L standard. Concentrations have not exceeded the 2L standard since the fall 2011
sampling event.
- Benzene —Concentrations consistently exceeded the 2L standard between 2007 and
2010, and are trending downward. Benzene has not exceeded the 2L standard since the
leachate extraction began in September 2012. The only detection was in 2015 at the
2L standards; all other detections have been below the 2L standard with "J" flagged
concentrations.
- PCE—One detection of PCE was reported in 2007 at a "J" flagged concentration well
below the 2L standard.
- Vinyl Chloride —Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard consistently since 2007
with mostly "J" flagged concentrations. Vinyl chloride has not been detected since 2015.
- 1,4-Dioxane—Since 1,4-dioxane monitoring began in 2018, concentrations are trending
downward and have consistently exceeded the 2L standard except for the Spring 2021
event.
• Monitoring well MW-07 (Figure 10)
- 1,4-DCB—Concentrations have slightly exceeded the 2L standard six times since
installation of this monitoring well in 2010.
- Benzene —Concentrations are relatively stable and remain slightly above the
2L standard since 2011.
- Vinyl Chloride —Concentrations have exceeded the 2L standard in six of the 12 events in
which this well has been sampled. All detected concentrations of vinyl chloride were
reported with a "J" flag by the laboratory, and the last time it was detected above the
MDL was in October 2015.
- 1,4-Dioxane—Since 1,4-dioxane monitoring began in 2018, concentrations are trending
downward and have consistently exceeded the 2L standard. 1,4-dioxane concentrations
at this monitoring well are the highest of all the Site monitoring wells.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 7 January 2022

3 Overview of Remedial Approach
As stated above, the CAP was implemented between 2012 and 2013, with leachate extraction
beginning in September 2012; however, from September 2012 to September 2013, leachate was
intermittently pumped, because flow was limited as a result of collecting and hauling the leachate for
disposal off Site. In September 2013, the leachate extraction system was connected to the TWSA
sanitary sewer system, and continuous pumping of the leachate started. The leachate extraction
system was installed to remove mass from the source area, which over time will allow for
downgradient concentrations to attenuate at an accelerated rate.
MNA is the other component of the remedial approach at the Site. Analytical data has been collected
from the Site monitoring wells since at least 1999. A review of the data indicates that, overall, COC
concentrations have been declining, and that natural attenuation parameters show support for
natural attenuation processes.
The following sections provide greater detail of the remedial approach and analysis of the
semiannual monitoring data.
3.1 Leachate Extraction System
There are 10 landfill gas (LFG) extraction wells installed at the Site, referred to as extraction well 1
(EW-1) through EW-10. EW-1, EW-2, and EW-3 were installed in March 2004 to be used for a pilot
study to determine potential landfill -gas -to -energy use at the Site. EW-4 through EW-9 were
installed in January 2005. EW-1, EW-2, and EW-3 were replaced with new extraction wells in
December 2011 (EW-1 R, EW-2R, and EW-3R, respectively). The wells range in depth from 40 feet
below ground surface (bgs) to 90 feet bgs and have a screened interval that ranges from 18 feet in
the shallower wells to 48 feet in the deeper wells. They are constructed of either 4- or 6-inch
high -density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, which is perforated along the screened interval to allow the
flow of landfill gas into the well casing. The screened interval of the well is surrounded by a gravel
pack. The gravel is 1 to 3 inches in diameter.
Review of the extraction well boring logs (Appendix A) indicate the soil cap thickness is generally
between 5 and 10 feet bgs throughout the landfill. The boring logs also indicate that trash and
debris mixed with soil was noted from below the clay cap to each well's terminal depth.
Bottom inlet pneumatic leachate extraction pumps were installed in the bottom of each landfill gas
extraction well in September 2012. The leachate extraction system was connected to the TWSA in
September 2013. Anchor QEA began collecting leachate samples during semiannual water quality
monitoring events in October 2012. The leachate samples were analyzed for Appendix I VOCs and
metals. Results from these samples were used in a mass removal calculation to determine the
quantity of VOCs removed in pounds. A totalizer, installed at the TWSA sewer connection on
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 8 January 2022

September 6, 2013, is observed during each semiannual sampling event to keep track of the number
of gallons of leachate removed.
The following shows comparison of the anticipated performance to actual system data:
Period
Modeled
Actual
Total Volume of
Leachate Removed
(gallons)
Total Mass of
VOC Removed
(pounds)
Total Volume of
Leachate Removed
(gallons)
Total Mass of
VOC Removed
(pounds)
2011 to 2016
6,000,000
0.55
352,375
0.159
2016 to 2021
6,000,000
0.55
349,619
0.447
Totals
12,000,000
1.1
701,994
0.607
As of October 2021, a total of 701,994 gallons of leachate have been removed from the landfill. The
analytical data provided by the leachate samples indicates that approximately 0.607 pounds of VOCs
have been removed since leachate extraction began in September 2012. The majority of the VOCs
removed has occurred between 2016 and 2021. At the end of 2016, the system had only removed
0.159 pounds of VOCs. A summary of mass removal calculations is provided in Table 4.
The leachate extraction system was designed to remove approximately 0.55 pounds of VOC mass in
a 5-year period, based on the following assumptions:
• The source of the extracted water is primarily water infiltrating through the landfill cap into
waste.
• Most, if not all, of the estimated volume of water infiltrating through the landfilled waste
becomes leachate.
• The quality of leachate generated by the landfill is relatively uniform.
• The samples collected from EW-04 and EW-09 on February 21, 2011, are representative of the
quality of the water to be extracted at the time the system started.
There are many reasons that could explain why the leachate extraction system is not removing the
volume of leachate that is expected by the design. The primary reason for the difference appears to
be related to the volume of leachate collected by the system. The modeling and recharge
calculations, as presented in the CAP, estimated the volume of water that may infiltrate through the
landfill cap at approximately 3.1 million gallons per year and the estimated volume of water to be
extracted was estimated at 1.2 million gallons per year at full implementation. To date, a total volume
of 0.7 million gallons has been recovered since full-scale implementation. This volume is less than
anticipated by the design. The model that was used to estimate the 3.1 million gallons per year was
the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) Model (see Section 3.0 of the CAP). The
1.2 million gallons per year was calculated using a simple hydraulic model based upon the known
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 9 January 2022

characteristics/performance of the extraction pumps and incompressible fluid (leachate) flow in
pressure conduits (the leachate extraction and collection pipe). The parameters upon which the
model in the CAP were based were the best assumptions available at that time. Parameters could be
calibrated to align observed performance with modeled performance. However, because the leachate
extraction system is only part of the remedy, recalibration of the model and enhancement of the
leachate extraction system based upon model recalibration should only be considered in the context
of the remedy as a whole.
VOC mass removal from the leachate during the 2016 to 2021 reporting period was much improved
due to an increase in the volume of leachate removed and generally higher concentrations of VOC in
the leachate. These increases began in 2020 and may be due to the general increase in groundwater
elevations observed in most groundwater monitoring wells since the system started up. Rising
groundwater elevations suggests greater infiltration of water into the landfill system, thus increasing
the potential leaching of VOC and generation of greater volumes of leachate.
3.2 Assessment of Natural Attenuation
Natural attenuation is a naturally occurring process in the environment that acts to reduce mass,
toxicity, mobility, volume, or concentration of contaminants. Multiple in situ processes can contribute
to natural attenuation. These include biodegradation, dispersion, dilution, adsorption, volatilization,
and chemical stabilization or destruction of contaminants (Interstate Technology Regulatory Council
1999). Natural attenuation is monitored by collecting samples from Site monitoring wells and having
the samples analyzed by a laboratory for VOCs and MNA parameters. MNA parameters are a suite of
compounds that provide insight on an aquifer's ability to naturally attenuate contaminants. MNA
parameters are collected every 6 months, during fall and spring of each year. The first MNA
parameter suite was collected during the fall 2011 sampling event following the CAP approval.
3.2.7 Stability of COC Plume
The source area for the Site is generally the landfilled waste and the area beneath it. Conditions best
representing the source area are observed in the collected leachate, which has been sampled
semiannually since implementation of the remedy. A generalized flow path downgradient from
monitoring wells MW-01 and MW-06 consists of the extraction wells (source), monitoring wells
MW-03 and MW-05R (mid -gradient), and monitoring wells MW-07 and MW-04 (downgradient). A
review of historical data (including 2016 data) shows decreasing trends in total VOCs in most wells,
suggesting a stable to declining COC plume. A review of COC concentrations along the flow path
shown in Figure 3 suggests plume stability as well:
• Source Area —In 2011 analytical results for leachate samples from EW-4 and EW-9 exceeded
the 2L standards for 1,4-DCB and benzene. COC constituents detected in leachate samples
collected from the leachate extraction system are now generally less than the 2L standard for
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 10 January 2022

1,4-DCB and greater than 2L standard for benzene. The 2L standard for 1,4-dioxane has been
exceeded in collected leachate samples since monitoring began in 2018.
• Mid -gradient Monitoring Wells —Wells MW-03 and MW-05R are located inside the
compliance boundary and represent mid -gradient wells along the flow path from the source
a rea.
- MW-03—Groundwater samples collected from this well indicate declining VOC trends
to levels that are below the 2L standards.
- MW-05R—Groundwater samples collected from this well exceed 2L standards for
1,4-DCB, benzene, vinyl chloride, and 1,4-dioxane.
• Downgradient Monitoring Wells —Wells MW-04 and MW-07 are located outside of the
compliance boundary and represent the downgradient wells along the flow path from the
source area.
- MW-04—Groundwater samples collected from this well indicate declining VOC trends
to levels that are below the 2L standards.
- MW-07—Although groundwater samples collected from this well slightly exceed the
2L standards for benzene and 1,4-DCB, the concentrations are generally stable or in
decline. Concentrations of 1,4-dioxane exceed the 2L standard, but have been in decline
since monitoring began in 2018.
Based on the current and historical results along the flow path from the source area to the
downgradient monitoring wells MW-04 and MW-07, the observed concentrations are generally
decreasing or staying the same along the flow path, providing evidence for a stable to declining COC
plume.
3.2.2 Analysis of MNA
Site contaminants can be categorized into two groups: aerobically degraded contaminants (such as
benzene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene) and anaerobically degraded contaminants (such as PCE, TCE, and
cis-1,2-DCE). A review of MNA and field parameter data can be found in Table 5. Certain parameters
included in Table 1 are not included in Table 5, as these parameters were not applicable to the
specific conditions at the Site.
To evaluate the MNA parameters collected for the Site, Anchor QEA generally followed the
procedures outlined in the Technical Protocol of Evaluating Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated
Solvents in Groundwater (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA] 1998) and the Technical
Guidelines for Evaluating Monitored Natural Attenuation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Chlorinated
Solvents in Groundwater at Naval and Marine Corps Facilities (Department of the Navy 1998). Both
documents outline a screening protocol for evaluating natural attenuation processes under
anaerobic conditions. The Department of Navy provides guidance for evaluating natural attenuation
of petroleum constituents under aerobic conditions. While there are some anaerobically degraded
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 11 January 2022

contaminants in groundwater samples collected from Site monitoring wells, the main COCs on which
this report focuses are benzene, 1,4-DCB, and vinyl chloride. These three constituents degrade
aerobically; therefore, the Department of Navy guidance was used as the primary reference for
evaluating natural attenuation parameters collected at the Site. Conditions at the Site are supportive
of aerobic degradation, as discussed in the following section.
3.2.2.1 Summary of MNA Parameters
Certain parameters are found at high concentrations in different areas of the Site. The parameters
discussed in the following sections are either byproducts of contaminant degradation, or indicators
of chemical reactions that promote contaminant degradation. The following MNA parameters,
summarized in Table 5, are evaluated below for their support or non-support of MNA.
• Dissolved Oxygen (DO) —DO concentrations that are greater than 0.5 milligrams per
liter (mg/L) are generally not supportive of MNA through reductive de -chlorination. DO
concentrations across the Site are generally greater than 0.5 mg/L, ranging from 0.11 to
10.45 mg/L with an average of 2.64 mg/L. This suggests aerobic conditions on Site, which are
favorable for degradation of 1,4-DCB, benzene, and vinyl chloride.
• Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP)—ORP values that are less than 50 millivolts (mV) indicate
that a reductive pathway for COC degradation is possible, and values that are less
than -100 mV suggest that reductive degradation is likely. ORP concentrations across the Site
are generally greater than 50 mV, ranging from -164 to 638, with an average of 141.54 mV.
This suggests that the aquifer conditions beneath the landfill are more aerobic than
anaerobic, which are favorable for degradation of 1,4-DCB, benzene, and vinyl chloride.
• Nitrate —Nitrate can be used as an electron donor through aerobic biodegradation and will
result in decreases in nitrate concentrations over time. Detected concentrations of nitrate
from across the Site range from 0.017 to 14.6 mg/L with an average of 2.22 mg/L. Monitoring
wells MW-02, MW-03, and MW-04 have a history of detectable concentrations for nitrate.
While MW-02 nitrate concentrations have been relatively stable, those for MW-03 and
MW-04 have increased over time. This suggests aerobic degradation through de -nitrification
is not occurring at the Site. This degradation pathway will likely remain suppressed until the
dissolved oxygen has been consumed and falls below a concentration of 0.5 mg/L.
• Ferrous (Fe2) Iron —Once denitrification has occurred and the available nitrate has been
consumed, ferric iron (Fe3)-reducing bacteria will begin to co -metabolize petroleum
hydrocarbons in the presence of ferric iron, producing ferrous iron through reduction. A
ferrous iron concentration above 1 mg/L is supportive of a reductive de -chlorination pathway.
Across the Site, detected ferrous iron concentrations range from 0.017 mg/L to 65 mg/L, with
an average of 8.90 mg/L, indicating that a reductive pathway is possible. MW-01 and MW-05R
show a generally increasing trend in ferrous iron over time, suggesting that iron reduction is
an active process in this area of the Site.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 12 January 2022

• Chloride —Under aerobic conditions, increases in chloride concentrations suggest direct
oxidation of chlorinated compounds may be occurring. Chloride concentrations are generally
increasing in monitoring well MW-07, suggesting that direct oxidation of 1,4-DCB and
vinyl chloride is occurring in the downgradient portion of the Site. At other locations across
the Site, chloride concentrations are not increasing, which suggests that other natural
attenuation process are more active in these areas.
• Hydrogen —Hydrogen concentrations greater than 1 nanomole (nM) indicate evidence of
reductive de -chlorination occurring in the aquifer. Monitoring wells must be sampled via
low -flow methods in order to collect hydrogen samples. Some Site wells do not produce
enough water to be sampled in this method, and hydrogen samples cannot be collected.
Across the Site, hydrogen concentrations since 2011 have ranged from 0.34 to 230 nM, with
an average of 33.3 nM. MW-03 shows a generally increasing trend in hydrogen
concentrations, with higher concentrations of hydrogen being detected during the spring
events. These concentrations suggest that reductive de -chlorination is occurring in some
areas of the Site.
• Carbon Dioxide —Carbon dioxide is the result of oxidation and final daughter product of
degradation processes. The average concentration of carbon dioxide in monitoring well
MW-02 (85 mg/L) is lower by an order of magnitude than the other wells across the Site. The
Site -wide carbon dioxide concentrations (not including MW-02) have ranged between 48 and
993 mg/L from October 2011 through March 2021, with an average concentration of
240 mg/L. Monitoring well MW-02 is not located along a groundwater flow path from the
landfill to a point of discharge; therefore, it is representative of a background concentration.
Considering that carbon dioxide concentrations are elevated relative to background, it
suggests that degradation of chlorinated compounds is occurring. Overall, MNA parameters
are supportive of contaminant oxidation in the mid -gradient and downgradient portion of the
Site. Parameters also provide evidence of reductive de -chlorination occurring in the
upgradient portion of the Site. The upgradient portion contains both aerobically degraded
and anaerobically degraded contaminants. Site -wide conditions appear to be sufficient for
natural attenuation of both contaminant groups (anaerobic degradation in the upgradient
and source areas and aerobic in the mid -gradient and downgradient areas).
3.3 Hydrogeology
Figure 3 shows the generalized groundwater flow direction . Groundwater at the Site flows in a
south-southwest direction, from the extraction wells towards MW-04 and MW-07, with MW-03 and
MW-05R representing mid -gradient wells along this flow path. Anchor QEA's 2011 CAP stated that
hydraulic conductivity at the Site is estimated to be 0.0001 centimeters per second (cm/s), which
equates to approximately 103 feet per year (ft/yr). The hydraulic gradient was calculated to be
0.08 feet per foot, based on the elevation difference between MW-05R and MW-04. Based on these
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 13 January 2022

values, groundwater flow velocity can be calculated with an assumed effective porosity of 0.25
(established in the CAP). The following equation was used to calculate groundwater flow velocity:
Equation 1
—k
V= —*i
n
where:
v = groundwater flow velocity
k = hydraulic conductivity, 103 ft/year or 0.282 ft/day
i = hydraulic gradient, 0.10357 feet/foot
n = effective porosity, 0.25
0.282 ft
ft
V 0.25 Y * 0.10357 ft
V = 0.117 fa ft or 42.67 ft
y year
The calculation of groundwater flow velocity shows that it takes approximately 12 years for
groundwater to travel from the source area to MW-05R and 19 years for groundwater to travel from
the source area to the downgradient wells MW-04 and MW-07. As stated in Section 3.1, leachate
extraction began in 2012. Based on the calculated groundwater flow velocity, it will take another 3
years for improvements in groundwater quality due to the leachate extraction system to show any
observable difference in the groundwater quality in MW-05R, and another 10 years for those
changes to be observed in the downgradient portion of the Site.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 14 January 2022

4 Conclusions and Recommendations
While it is still premature to see reductions in COC concentrations as a result of the leachate
extraction system, this second 5-year review has identified that the observed performance of the
leachate extraction system has improved, but still does not align with the performance as modeled in
the CAP. This is most likely due to an overestimation of the volume of precipitation infiltrating into
the landfill. The leachate recovery system was based on an infiltration volume of 3.1 million gallons
per year and a leachate removal rate of 1.2 million gallons per year. Over the 9 years of continual
pumping from the leachate extraction system, a total of 0.7 million gallons of leachate have been
removed resulting in approximately 0.607 pounds of VOC. Anchor QEA recommends that Jackson
County evaluate the leachate extraction system to determine if performance can be improved. To
evaluate the system, the following actions could be taken:
1. Gauge depths to leachate in each extraction well and compare to 2010 levels.
2. Resample the leachate in EW4 and EW9 and compare to the 2010 concentrations.
3. Sample leachate in the other extraction wells.
4. Determine if leachate extraction pumps are operating at capacity.
5. Re-evaluate the inputs used to model an estimated infiltration volume of 3.1 million gallons per
year and removal rate of 1.2 million gallons per year.
Because the leachate extraction system is only part of the remedy, the recommendation of
evaluating the leachate extraction system is something that should be considered to enhance
performance. Evidence of improved groundwater quality, potentially due to the leachate extraction
system, is observed in mid -gradient well, MW-05R, which has shown continued improvement since
system start-up, despite the disparity between observed performance and the performance modeled
in the CAP.
Analysis of long-term MNA parameters and COC results indicates slow degradation of the Site COCs.
While the COCs are still detected above 2L standards outside of the compliance boundary, they
appear to be stable or declining in concentration and have not been detected in either surface water
samples or groundwater samples collected from domestic water supply wells. There is sufficient
evidence for biodegradation of anaerobically degraded contaminants (mainly PCE) that are still
present at low concentrations in the upgradient portion of the Site. Site conditions also allow for
aerobic degradation of 1,4-DCB, benzene, and vinyl chloride in the mid -gradient and downgradient
portions of the Site.
Based on the available data, Anchor QEA believes that conditions for natural attenuation are
sufficient at the Site. The hydrogeologic conditions at the Site show that it will be 20 to 30 years
following system start-up (2032 to 2042) before concentration reductions, attributable to the
leachate extraction system, begin to affect the concentrations in the downgradient portion of the
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 15 January 2022

Site. Site receptors (surface water and domestic water supply wells) have not been impacted by the
COCs; therefore, Anchor QEA recommends continued but reduced monitoring of MNA parameters
from annual to once every 2 years (biennial) and a pared -down version of the Appendix I and
Appendix II parameters. Based on the lack of historical detections of the following parameters,
Anchor QEA recommends removing these parameters from the monitoring schedule:
• Appendix II polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
• Cyanide
Moving forward, Anchor QEA requests on behalf of Jackson County, that the semiannual monitoring
schedule includes the following constituents and frequency:
Parameter
Frequency
Next Sample Event
Appendix I VOCs
Annual
Spring 2022
Appendix I Metals
Annual
Spring 2022
Sulfide
Semiannual
Spring 2022
Appendix 11 VOCs
Annual
Fall 2022
Appendix II Metals
Annual
Fall 2022
Appendix 11 SVOCs
Annual
Fall 2022
Appendix II Herbicides2
Annual
Fall 2022
Appendix 11 Pesticides'
Annual
Fall 2022
MNA Parameters
Biennial
Fall 2023
Anchor QEA will continue a semiannual monitoring schedule at the Site, which will include collecting
samples from all Site monitoring wells, surface waters upstream and downstream of the landfill, and
sampling domestic water supply wells annually. Anchor QEA will reassess effectiveness of the remedy
following the spring 2026 monitoring event.
z The DEQ approved monitoring of Appendix II Herbicides, Appendix II Pesticides, and Appendix II PCBs every two years in response
to the 2016 Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report. The next monitoring event including these would be the Fall 2024 event.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 16 January 2022

5 References
Altamont (Altamont Environmental, Inc.), 2011. Corrective Action Plan. June 2011.
Department of the Navy, 1998. Technical Guidelines for Evaluating Monitored Natural Attenuation of
Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Chlorinated Solvents in Groundwater at Naval and Marine Corps
Facilities. September 1998.
Interstate Technology Regulatory Council, 1999. Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents in
Groundwater: Principles and Practices. September 1999.
DEQ DWM Hazardous Waste Section (North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality Division
of Waste Management Hazardous Waste Section), 2000. Guidance on Developing a Monitored
Natural Attenuation Remedial Proposal for Chlorinated Organics in Ground Water. October
2000.
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), 1998. Technical Protocol for Evaluating Natural
Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents in Ground Water. September 1998.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report 17 January 2022

Tables

Table 1
Summary of Laboratory Analyses Performed on Samples
Groundwater Samples
Analysis
Metals'
VOCs'
1,4-Dioxane
Mercury
Appendix II
SVOCS,
Appendix II
Herbicides3
Appendix II
Pesticide53
Appdendix II
PCBs'
Sample Name
EPA 6020B
EPA 8260D
EPA 8260D SIM
EPA 7470A
EPA 8270D
EPA 8151A
EPA 8081 B
and 8141 B
EOAA 8082A
MW-01
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-02
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-03
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-04
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-05R
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-06
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-07
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Groundwater Samples
Surface Water and Leachate Samples
Analysis
Metals'
VOCs'
1,4-Dioxane
Mercury
Calcium,
Magnesium,
Hardness
Sample Name
EPA 6020B
EPA 8260D
EPA 8260D SIM
EPA 7470A
EPA 200.7
SW-01
X
X
X
X
X
SW-02
X
X
X
X
X
LT-01
X
X
X
Natural Attenuation Parameters
Analysis
Total Alkalinity
to pH 4.5
BOD
COD
Cyanide
Volatile Fatty
Acids
Ferrous Iron
Nitrate as N
Chloride
Sulfate
TOC
Sulfide
Ethane, Ethene,
Methane
Hydrogen
Carbon
Dioxide
Sample Name
SM 2320B
SM 5210B
SM 5220D
SM 4500-CN-E
AM23G
SM 3500-Fe D
EPA 9056A
SM 9060A
SM 4500-5 F
AM20GAX
AM20GAX
MW-01
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-02
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-03
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-04
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-05R
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-06
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
MW-07
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Notes:
1. During Fall semiannual monitoring events, samples are analyzed for Appendix II constituents. Spring semiannual monitoring event samples are analyzed for Appendix I constituents.
2. Appendix II SVOCs are only analyzed for samples collected during the fall semiannual groundwater sampling events.
3. The NCDEQ SWS approved a modified monitoring schedule for Appendix II constituents in December 2016. The approved schedule called for the analysis of Appendix II Herbicides, Appendix II Pesticides, and Appendix II PCBs once every two years. The last
monitoring event that included these Appendix II constituents was Fall 2020, with the next event including these constituents scheduled for Fall 2022.
4. Samples from MW-01, MW-02, and MW-05R could not be analyzed for hydrogen. The hydrogen analysis requires the monitoring well to be sampled via the low -flow method, whereas these wells are samples via a disposable bailer.
Appendix I and Appendix II constituents were analyzed per Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 258.
Blank cell: Analysis was not performed on that sample.
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency
BOD: biochemical oxygen demand
COD: chemical oxygen demand
TOC: total organic carbon
VOCs: volatile organic compounds
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Page 1 of 1
January 2022

Table 2
Well Construction Details and Corresponding Elevations
Depth to
Elevation of
Ground
Approx.
Approx. Top
Depth to Top
Bottom of
Top Elevation
Bottom of
Surface
TOC
Total Well
Depth To
Groundwater
Depth to
of Bedrock
of Screened
Screened
of Screened
Screened
Date Drilled
Elevation
Elevation
Stick Up
Depth
Water
Elevation
Bedrock
Elevation
Interval
Interval
Interval
Interval
Geology of
Source of Well
(feet above
(feet below
Screened
Construction
Facility Permit
Well ID
(mm/dd/yyyy)
(feet)
(feet)
gs)
(feet bgs)
TOC)
(feet)
(feet bgs)
(feet)
(feet bgs)
(feet bgs)
(feet)
(feet)
Interval
Information
50-02
MW-01
4/23/1992
2,169.40
2,171.42
2.0
110.5
95.62
2,075.80
83.0
2,086.40
95.0
110.0
2,074.40
2,059.40
bedrock
S&ME, Inc.
50-02
MW-02
4/22/1992
2,013.15
2,015.38
2.3
60.7
40.16
1,975.22
13.0
2,000.15
45.0
60.0
1,968.15
1,953.15
bedrock
S&ME, Inc.
partially
50-02
MW-03
4/21/1992
2,044.16
2,045.53
1.3
65.5
48.00
1,997.53
57.0
1,987.16
48.5
63.5
1,995.66
1,980.66
weathered
S&ME, Inc.
bedrock
50-02
MW-04
4/21/1992
1,978.68
1,980.77
2.0
43.0
25.80
1,954.97
NA
NA
25.0
40.0
1,953.68
1,938.68
saprolite
S&ME, Inc.
Altamont
50-02
MW-05R
1/26/2012
2,027.98
2,030.95
2.8
54.0
46.14
1,984.81
NA
NA
44.0
54.0
1,983.98
1,973.98
saprolite
Environmental, Inc.
50-02
MW-06
3/23/2004
2,136.58
2,139.57
3.0
94.0
79.95
2,059.62
47.6
2,088.98
84.6
94.6
2,051.98
2,041.98
bedrock
Altamont
Environmental, Inc.
50-02
MW-07
7/30/2010
1,978.71
1,981.29
2.6
95.0
31.37
1,949.92
44.0
1,935.00
70.0
95.0
1,908.71
1,883.71
bedrock
Notes:
Elevations associated with wells MW-01, MW-02, MW-03, MW-04, and MW-06 are measured relative to mean sea level (msl) and are based on surveying completed by Davenport & Associates, Inc. Elevations associated with wells MW-05R and MW-07 are measured relative to
horizontal North American Datum (NAD) 83 and are based on surveying completed by Wes Cole Land Surveying, P.A.
MW-01 through MW-04 Depth to Bedrock and Screened Interval taken from S&ME boring logs completed April 21, 22, and 23, 1992. MW-06 Depth to Bedrock and Screened Interval taken from Altamont Environmental, Inc., boring log completed March 23, 2004. MW-07 Depth to
Bedrock and Screened Interval taken from Altamont boring log completed July 30, 2010. MW-05R Screened Interval taken from Altamont boring log completed January 26, 2012.
Monitoring well MW-05 was abandoned on January 26, 2012 by NYEG Drilling, LLC. Monitoring well MW-05R was installed on January 26, 2012 as a replacement to the well MW-05 by NYEG Drilling, LLC. The well MW-5R was surveyed by Wes Cole Land Surveying, P.A. on September
28, 2012.
Depth to Water was measured on October 19 and 20, 2021.
bgs: below ground surface
gs: ground surface
NA: Not Applicable
TOC: top of casing
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 1 of 1
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
MW-01
(Inside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
2L Standard
w
c
R
L
W
O
O
s
v
v
v
N
C
O
O
s
e
O
C
y
N
mV
w
c
t
W
O
N O
7 s
= v
a
41
L
N
O
i O
d
F V
d
W
t
d
O
O
.s
F U
v
G
S
V
1
c
i
C
R
O_
pg/L
pg/L
I pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
4/22/1999
31
3.5
7.9
7.5
3.7
4.3
2.1
NA
10/21/1999
32
ND
8.9
13
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2000
25
ND
6
9.8
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2000
28
ND
9.8
17
NDI
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2001
20
6.61
8.9
12
ND
NDI
ND
NA
10/9/2001
21
9.7
9.9
18
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/10/2002
22
11
12
25
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2002
20
18
14
31
ND
5.5
ND
NA
4/17/2003
12
ND
8.3
21
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/20-21/2003
13
8.6
9.6
24
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/27/2004
10
101
7.3
ND
1.8 J
N DIND
NA
10/18-19/2004
9.1
11
7.5
16
ND
ND
NA
4/19/2005
10
15
8.1
17
ND
ND
NA
10/27/2005
9.5
13
7.6
18
ND
ND
NA
4/13/2006
6.1
14
8
17
ND
ND
NA
10/10-11/2006
5.4
13
6.7
13
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/3/2007
7.8
151
6.2
11
1.6
1.61
0.58 U
NA
10/9/2007
9.8
17.8
6.8
14.4
1.6
1.7
0.62 U
NA
4/16/2008
9.0
0.33 U
5.9
10.7
0.46 U
0.95 J
0.67 J
NA
10/9/2008
7.9
7.6
5.5
8.7
0.70 J
1.2
0.62 U
NA
4/8/2009
6.5
5.6
5.8
10
0.49 J
1.2
0.62 U
NA
10/6/2009
7.4
5.3
5.0
9.1
0.48 J
1.0
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2010
6.6
11.01
5.2
10.8
0.69 J
1.3
0.62 U
NA
10/26/2010
5.0
8.5
IS
9.2
0.46 U
1.1
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2011
5.0
0.33 U
2.7
7.7
0.46 U
0.97 J
0.62 U
NA
10/26/2011
7.7
9.8
2.1
10.2
0.78 J
1.0 J
0.62 U
NA
4/11/2012
6.1
10.9
2.8
8.6
0.78 J
1.1
0.62 U
NA
10/23/2012
5.0
10
1.7
8.0
0.68 J
0.94 J
0.62 U
NA
4/11/2013
4.8 J
8.0
1.71
6.9
0.77 J
0.75 J
0.78 J
NA
10/8/2013
4.5 J
9.5
3.4
10.9
0.60 J
0.91 J
0.62 U
NA
4/8/2014
3.5 J
10.0
3.0
8.7
0.67 J
0.76 J
0.62 U
NA
10/23/2014
4.0 J
12.8
2.4
7.9
0.6 J
0.71 J
7.7
NA
4/21/2015
4.4 J
11
1.5
7.0
0.44 J
0.90 J
0.35 1
NA
10/13/2015
5.6
141
1.5
9.0
0.85 J
0.96 J
0.097 U
NA
4/5/2016
4.7 J
13
2.4
7.2
0.79 J
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2016
2.5 J
6.9
1.3
4.5 J
1.2
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2017
5.1
12
1.8
8.8
0.99 J
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2017
0.083 U
7.5 1b
0.048 U
6.5
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2018
3.7 J
13
1.8
5.0
1.0
0.62 J
0.097 U
NA
10/17/2018
5
15
2.51
6.5
0.72
0.89
0.097 U
0.52 U
03/21/2019
4.3
13
2.3
6.9
0.66
0.81
0.097 U
0.14 U
10/24/2019
2.3
8
1.6
4.7
0.37 J
0.47 J
0.47 U
0.14 U
03/18/2020
2.7
10
1.4
ND
0.48 J
0.61
0.47 U
0.14 U
10/14/2020
2.8
9.8
1.5
4.5
0.48 J
0.57
0.37 J
0.14 U
03/10/2021
2.62
9.33
1.07
ND
0.098 U
0.545
0.097 U
0.139 U
10/20/2021
2.34
7.76
1.11
3.24
0.220 U
0.52
0.770 U
0.139 U
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 1 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
M W-02
(Inside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
21. Standard
v
S
W
O
O
S
c
a
�
N
d
O
O
L
c
=
y
N
m
v
S
W
O
N O
7 L
_V
V c
N
L
N
O
O
N
F V
L
d
O
O
.�
F V
d
O
t
_V
T
C
>
XOR
C
O
Ng/L
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
4/22/1999
3.7
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.1
ND
NA
10/21/1999
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2000
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2000
6.S
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2001
NDI
NDI
ND
5.51
ND
NDI
ND
NA
10/9/2001
5.8
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/10/2002
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2002
6.7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2003
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/20-21/2003
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/27/2004
2.6
NDI
ND
NDI
ND
NDI
ND
NA
10/18-19/2004
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/19/2005
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/27/2005
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/13/2006
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/10-11/2006
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/3/2007
1.1
0.68 J
0.31 U
1.21
0.16 U
0.26 U
0.58 U
NA
10/9/2007
3.3 J
1.8
0.42 J
5.8
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/15/2008
1.1 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
1.2 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/7/2008
1.3 J
0.58 J
0.25 U
1.4 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/8/2009
0.67 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.56 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/22/2009
0.57 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.82 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2010
0.43 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.87 J
0.46 U
0.62 J
0.62 U
NA
10/27/2010
0.64 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
1.2 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2011
0.32 U
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.50 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/27/2011
1.2 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
1.4 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/12/2012
0.45 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.44 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/24/2012
0.49 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.45 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/10/2013
0.13 U
0.19 U
0.15 U1
0.55 J
0.17 U
0.15 U
0.32 U
NA
10/10/2013
0.45 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
1.2 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/9/2014
0.49 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.55 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/23/2014
0.39 J
0.33 U
0.25 U
0.71 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/21/2015
0.39 J
0.12 U
0.09 U
0.40 J
0.20 U
0.15 U
0.72 U
NA
10/14/2015
0.79 J
0.050 U
0.048 U
1.0 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
4/6/2016
0.083 U
0.050 U
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/12/2016
0.083 U
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/22/2017
0.80 J
0.05 U
0.048 U
1.4 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2017
0.083 U
1.8 Ua
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2018
0.81 J
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.75 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/18/2018
0.43 J
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.57
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
3.8
03/21 /2019
0.35 J
0.05
0.048 U
0.55
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
2.81
10/23/2019
0.29 U
0.42 U
0.34 U
0.44 J
0.31 U
0.046 U
0.41 U
4.0
03/18/2020
0.30 J
0.42 U
0.34 U
0.40 U
0.31 U
0.046 U
0.47 U
3.6
10/13/2020
0.29 J
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.38 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
2.8
03/10/2021
0.083 U
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
0.139 U
10/20/2021
0.150 U1
0.210 U1
0.180 U
0.200 U
0.220 U
0.180 U
1 0.770 U
1.70 J
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 2 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
MW-03
(Inside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
2L Standard
w
W
O
O
S
C
v
�
N
0
O
L
C
C
y
N
cc
w
W
O
N O
S
L
y
O
O
L
Oy
O
O
=
V
T
N
O
pg/L
pg/L
I pg/L
pg/L
I pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
4/22/1999
7.0
4.8
4.8
5.5
1.0
1.3
1.2
NA
10/21/1999
ND
ND
ND
5.8
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2000
ND
5.1
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2000
8.2
10.0
6.1
9.4
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2001
5.4
7.21
ND
7.61
ND
NDI
ND
NA
10/9/2001
6.5
11.0
ND
7.3
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/10/2002
6.0
8.7
ND
7.8
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2002
10.0
ND
ND
10.0
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2003
ND
8.3
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/20-21/2003
5.8
17.0
ND
8.9
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/27/2004
5.4
14.01
3.6 J
6.71
N D
N D
NDI
NA
10/18-19/2004
6.5
18.0
ND
6.3
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/19/2005
ND
14.0
ND
5.2
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/27/2005
6.3
19.0
ND
7.3
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/13/2006
ND
12.0
ND
5.4
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/10-11/2006
ND
ND
ND
6.7
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/3/2007
2.6
11
2.01
4.41
0.23 J
0.27 J
0.58 U
NA
10/9/2007
5.9
18.4
1.7
10.6
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/16/2008
1.1 J
0.33 U
1.1
2.8 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/8/2008
2.7 J
12.6
1.3
5.1
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/7/2009
1.01
4.9
0.79 J
2.2 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/6/2009
1.7 J
8.3
1.7
3.6 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2010
0.47 J
3.5
1.3
1.0 J
0.46 U
0.52 J
0.62 U
NA
10/26/2010
2.7 J
9.5
1.3
4.3 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2011
0.32 U
0.33 U
0.43 J
0.70 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/26/2011
2.9 J
11.2
1.2
5.4
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/11/2012
0.44 J
2.5
0.58 J
0.81 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/23/2012
1.8
8.6
1.3
3.5
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/10/2013
0.13U
1.8
0.15U
0.15U
0.17U
0.15U
0.32U
NA
10/9/2013
0.771
6.41
1.3
1.6 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/8/2014
0.551
4.2
0.77 J
1.2
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/22/2014
1.4 J
10.2
1.2
3.3
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/21/2015
0.11 U
2.0
0.09 U
0.63 J
0.2 U
0.15 U
0.72 U
NA
10/13/2015
1.3 J
9.2
0.79 J
2.8
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
4/5/2016
0.083 U
2.2
0.53 J
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2016
0.60 J
4.71
0.64 J
1.4 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2017
2.2 J
12
0.57 J
3.8 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2017
0.083 U
3.7 Jb
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2018
0.083 U
0.53 J
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
a097 U
NA
10/16/2018
0.39 J
3.3
0.67
1.1
0.098 U
0.078 U
a097 U
7.1
03/20/2019
0.083 U
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
a097 U
1.8 J
10/23/2019
0.30 J
2.91
0.66
0.96
0.31 U
0.046 U
a47 U
5.6
03/17/2020
0.29 U
0.42 U
0.34 U
0.40 U
0.31 U
0.046 U
a47 U
0.14 U
10/13/2020
0.083 U
0.746
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
a097 U
0.14 U
03/09/2021
0.083 U
0.05 U
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
a097 U
0.139 U
10/20/2021
0.781
5.19
1.19
2.18
0.220 U
0.180 U
a770 U
5.96
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 3 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
M W -04
(Outside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
2L Standard
w
R
t
W
O
O
S
V
C
v
v
N
O
O
L
a _V
C
=
y
N
m
a
d
S
0
N O
7 S
V
'V O
N
C
L
O
i O
d
F v
N
C
L
O
O
.�
F u
W
=
C
t
_V
T
C
>
C
N
O
a
pg/L
pg/L
I pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
ug/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
4/22/1999
4
7.9
2.8
24
3.9
3.5
2
NA
10/21/1999
ND
6.7
ND
20
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2000
ND
6.2
ND
15
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2000
ND
5.7
ND
19
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2001
ND
6.21
ND
9.6
ND
NDI
ND
NA
10/9/2001
ND
7.8
ND
171
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/10/2002
ND
7.2
ND
16
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2002
ND
ND
ND
19
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2003
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/20-21/2003
ND
6.3
ND
18
ND
ND
NDI
NA
4/27/2004
NDI
7.51
ND
13
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/18-19/2004
ND
6.6
ND
9.71
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/19/2005
ND
ND
ND
8.3
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/27/2005
ND
8.9
ND
14
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/13/2006
ND
7.8
ND
11
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/10-11/2006
ND
ND
ND
13
NDI
ND
ND
NA
4/3/2007
0.501
8.41
1.3
11
0.38 J
0.38 J
0.58 U
NA
10/9/2007
3.1 J
11.3
1.8
18.7
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.97 J
NA
4/15/2008
0.57 J
0.33 U
1.2
11.0
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.76 J
NA
10/7/2008
0.52 J
9.3
1.5
10.7
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.97 J
NA
4/8/2009
0.44 J
7.1
1.2
9.61
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.78 J
NA
10/7/2009
0.37 J
5.6
1.1
8.8
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.90 J
NA
4/13/2010
0.32 U
2.91
0.55 J
4.3 J
0.46 U
0.47 J
0.62 U
NA
10/27/2010
0.32 U
4.8
1.1
5.6
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2011
0.32 U
0.33 U
0.59 J
3.9 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/27/2011
0.32 U
6.8
0.89 J
8.6
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.89 J
NA
4/12/2012
0.32 U
4.0
0.64 J
5.0
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.69 J
NA
10/24/2012
0.32 U
5.8
0.93 J
6.3
0.46 U
0.47 U
1.1
NA
4/10/2013
0.13 U
2.41
0.43 J
2.5 J
0.17 U
0.15 U
0.52 J
NA
10/9/2013
0.32 U
3.2
0.49 J
2.9 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/9/2014
0.32 U
2.6
0.44 J
2.3
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/22/2014
0.32 U
4.3
0.67 J
3.31
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/22/2015
0.11 U
4.0
0.60 J
3.8 J
0.20 U
0.15 U
0.50 J
NA
10/14/2015
0.083 U
5.4
1.0
5.4
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.74 J
NA
4/6/2016
0.083 U
2.7
0.048 U
1.8 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/12/2016
0.083 U
3.3
0.50 J
2.0 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/22/2017
0.083 U
5.7
0.90 J
6.2
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/10/2017
0.083 U
3.0 Jb
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/20/2018
0.083 U
4
0.048 U
3.1 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/16/2018
0.083 U
2.5
0.35 J
1.3
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
8.1
03/19/2019
0.083 U
1
0.048 U
0.44 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
3.5
10/22/2019
0.29 U
2
0.34 U
0.74
0.31 U
0.046 U
0.47 U
5.4
03/17/2020
0.29 U
1.3
0.34 U
0.40 U
0.31 U
10.046 U
0.47 U
3.0
10/12/2020
0.083 U
0.85
0.048 U
1 0.46 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
3.4
03/09/2021
0.083 U
1.53
0.236 J
1 0.494 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
2.16
10/19/2021
0.240 U
1 3.02
0.568
1.17
0.220 U
0.180 U
0.770 U
5.56
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 4 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
MW-05
(Inside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
2L Standard
v
L
W
O
O
L
V
w
w
N
N
O
O
L
a V
=
y
N
W
v
L
W
O
N O
s
_V
d
L
N
O
N
N
L
O
G
.�
d
9
O
t
U
T
C
C
N
O
C
a
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
I pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
ug/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
4/22/1999
3
14
3.4
36
ND
NO
2.2
NA
10/21/1999
ND
14
ND
44
ND
NO
NO
NA
4/17/2000
ND
13
ND
44
ND
NO
NO
NA
10/9/2000
ND
12
ND
44
ND
ND
NO
NA
4/17/2001
ND
1s
ND
431
ND
NDI
ND
NA
10/9/2001
ND
13
ND
30
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/10/2002
ND
ND
ND
41
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/9/2002
ND
ND
ND
38
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/17/2003
NDI
131
ND
32
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/20-21/2003
ND
11
ND
32
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/27/2004
ND
16
2.3J
351
NDI
NDI
2.4J
NA
10/18-19/2004
ND
1SI
NDI
271
NDI
ND
ND
NA
4/19/2005
NOT SAMPLED
10/27/2005
NOT SAMPLED
4/13/2006
NOT SAMPLED
10/10-11/2006
NOT SAMPLED
4/3/2007
0.49 J
17
1.9
32
0.16 U
0.26 U
0.58 U
NA
10/9/2007
0.32 U
18.8
1.6
38.1
0.46 U
0.47 U
1.4
NA
4/16/2008
0.35 J
0.33 U
0.56 J
27.4
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.93 J
NA
10/10/2008
0.32 U
16.2
1.2
21.6
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.78 J
NA
4/7/2009
0.32 J
15.9
1.0
21.6
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.99 J
NA
10/7/2009
0.32 U
13.1
1.21
18.41
0.46 U
0.47 U
1 0.93 J
NA
4/13/2010
0.32 U
12.1
2.0
17.8
0.46 U
0.55 J
1.51
NA
10/26/2010
0.32 U
13.9
1.8
17.3
0.46 U
0.47 U
1.6
NA
4/13/2011
0.32 U
0.33 U
1.5
17.8
0.46 U
0.47 U
1.1
NA
4/12/2012
0.32 U
2.5
1.3
14.3
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.82 J
NA
10/24/2012
0.32 U
3.5
1.3
11.2
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 J
NA
4/11/2013
0.13 U
3.7
1.5
3.1 J
0.17 U
0.15 U
0.32 U
NA
10/9/2013
0.32 U
7.3
2.0
7.0
0.46 U
0.47 U
1 1.0
NA
4/9/2014
0.32 U
6.9
2.2
5.3
0.46 U
0.47 U
2.5
NA
10/23/2014
0.32 U
3.0
1.5
1.8 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
2.9
NA
4/22/2015
0.11 U
5.6
1.4
1.7 J
0.20 U
0.15 U
1.8
NA
10/14/2015
0.083 U
6.5
1.91
2.7
0.098 U
0.078 U
1.8
NA
4/6/2016
0.083 U
6.5
1.9
2.4
0.098 U
0.078 U
2.0
NA
10/12/2016
0.083 U
4.4
0.82 J
2.3 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.62 J
NA
03/22/2017
0.083 U
10
1.8
10.0
0.098 U
0.078 U
1.3
NA
10/11/2017
0.083 U
6.9 Jb
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
3/21/2018
0.083 U
2.9
1
4.8 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.67 J
NA
10/17/2018
0.083 U
4.6
1.3
4.0
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.54
5
3/20/2019
0.083 U
5.4
1.4
4.2
0.098 U
0.078 U
2.7
4.3
10/23/2019
0.29 U
7.9
2.1
4.7
0.31 U
0.046 U
1.8
5.8
3/18/2020
0.29 U
6.6
2.1
1.8
0.31 U
0.046 U
2.5
4.9
10/12/2020
0.083 U
3.41
0.048 U
0.41 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
3.5
03/09/2021
0.083 U
6.05
2.271
1.06
0.098 U
0.078 U
2.33
2.87
10/19/2021
0.240 U
6.13
2.38
2.1
0.220 U
0.180 U
1.52
4.34
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 5 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
MW-06
(Outside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
21. Standard
v
s
W
O
O
s
_V
C
d
IN,
N
=y
O
O
s
a V
C
C
y
N
W
cc
W
N O
s
V
L
N
Q
p
d
L
N
O
`O
.s
N
O
C
V
�,
c
c
_Om
G
a
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
ug/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
4/27/2004
13
14
6.3
18
1.8
ND
ND
NA
10/18-19/2004
12
9.5
5.7
13
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/19/2005
10
11
6.4
22
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/27/2005
7.9
11
ND
16
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/13/2006
7.3
14
6.3
17
ND
ND
ND
NA
10/10-11/2006
7.9
ND
5.5
15
ND
ND
ND
NA
4/3/2007
9.7
13
4.7
12
1.3
1.5
a58 U
NA
10/9/2007
11.3
11.2
3.3
13.2
1.5
1.5
a62 U
NA
4/15/2008
11.8
0.33 U
1.9
7.7
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/9/2008
12.4
2.1
1.8
7.2
0.46 U
0.861
a62 U
NA
4/7/2009
13.0
3.21
1.4
7.11
0.81 J
1.4
a62 U
NA
10/6/2009
2.71
1.3
0.56 J
4.2 J
0.46 U
0.47 U
a62 U
NA
4/13/2010
1.1 J
3.9
1.7
5.9
0.46 U
0.47 U
a62 U
NA
10/26/2010
5.4
7.9
4.3
12.0
0.46 U
1.2
a62 U
NA
4/13/2011
0.85 J
4.6
1.8
5.4
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/26/2011
3.8 J
6.0
2.3
8.4
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.91 J
NA
4/11/2012
6.7
4.31
2.5
8.6
0.46 U
0.47 U
1 0.62 U
NA
10/23/2012
5.3
7.0
2.8
8.8
0.46 U
0.76 J
0.62 U
NA
4/11/2013
6.1
5.8
1.9
5.1
0.17 U
0.78 J
0.32 U
NA
10/8/2013
5.4
11.1
2.9
10.4
0.67 J
0.80 J
0.62 U
NA
4/8/2014
5.0
8.2
3.0
10.9
0.49 J
0.85 J
0.62 U
NA
10/22/2014
4.4
9.8
2.7
8.91
0.50 J
0.81 J
0.62 U
NA
4/21/2015
6.2
9.31
2.4
7.2
0.32 J
0.85 J
1 0.72 U
NA
10/13/2015
6.4
8.1
1.5
7.7
0.098 U
0.73 J
0.097 U
NA
4/5/2016
4.0 J
6.9
0.048 U
3.6
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2016
1.9 J
3.1
0.048 U
1.9 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2017
4.4 J
4.9
0.69 J
4.5 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/11/2017
0.083 U
2.5 U
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/21/2018
4.2 J
3.6
0.048 U
3.4 J
0.72 J
0.078 U
a097 U
NA
10/18/2018
3.1
0.31 Jb
0.048 U
1.5
0.098 U
0.32 J
a097 U
0.52 U
03/21/2019
2.2
0.05 U
0.048 U
1.6
0.098 U
0.26 J
a097 U
0.14 U
10/23/2019
1.6
2.1
0.34 U
1.2
0.31 U
0.46 U
a47 U
0.14 U
03/18/2020
1.2
0.42 U
0.34 U
1
0.31 U
0.46 U
a47 U
0.14 U
10/13/2020
1.4
2.6
0.26 J
1.4
0.25 J
0.078 U
a097 U
0.14 U
03/10/2021
0.907
1.04
0.048 U
0.781
0.098 U
0.078 U
a097 U
0.139 U
10/20/2021
0.833
1.431
0.180 U
0.676
0.220 U
0.180 U
a770 U
0.139 U
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 6 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
M W -07
(Outside Compliance Boundary)
Sample Collection
Date
Volatile
Organic
Compound
with
2L Standard
a
A
L
G
O
O
L V
IL _
C
w
N
N
O
O
V L
a
C
=
y
N
ca
a
d
L
G
O
N O
s
_V
'V is
N
C
)
N
O
O
F V
d
C
L
O
O
.�
F V
�
O
O
t
_V
T
C
>
W
N
O
C
a
pg/L
pg/L
I pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
ug/L
6
6
1.0
70
0.70
3
0.03
3
8/11/2010
0.87 J
0.51 J
0.76 J
4.9
0.46 U
1.0
0.62 U
NA
4/13/2011
0.54 J
3.7
1.1
8.7
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/27/2011
0.71 J
5.0
1.1
12.5
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.65 J
NA
4/12/2012
0.54 J
5.7
1.4
10.5
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.82 J
NA
10/24/2012
0.57 J
4.91
1.4
9.01
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.68 J
NA
4/10/2013
0.47 J
6.4
1.7
9.0
0.17 U
0.15 U
0.89 J
NA
10/9/2013
0.38 J
6.0
1.4
7.5
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/9/2014
0.40 J
5.1
1.3
7.2
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
10/23/2014
0.32 U
5.7
1.1
5.4
0.46 U
0.47 U
0.62 U
NA
4/22/2015
0.32 J
5.3
1.2
5.8
0.20 U
0.15 U
0.30 J
I NA
10/14/2015
0.083 U
6.61
1.7
6.2
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.55 J
NA
4/6/2016
0.083 U
6.8
1.6
4.6
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/12/2016
0.083 U
3.3
0.87 J
2.2 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/22/2017
0.083 U
5.5
1.6
4.5 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/10/2017
0.083 U
3.4 Jb
0.048 U
0.056 U
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
03/20/2018
0.083 U
6.1
1.7
3.1 J
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
NA
10/17/2018
0.083 U
3.2 J
1.5
2.8
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
16
03/19/2019
0.083 U
4.5
1.4
2.3
0.098 U
0.078 U
0.097 U
18
10/22/2019
0.29 U
4.4
1.2
2.2
0.31 U
0.046 U
0.47 U
18
03/17/2020
0.29 U
3.6
1.1
1.8
0.31 U
0.046 U
0.47 U
17
10/12/2020
0.083 U
2.66
1.4
2.6
0.098 U
10.078 U
1 0.097 U
17
03/09/2021
0.083 U
5.46
1.36
2.22
0.098 U
1 0.078 U
1 0.097 U
16.3
10/19/2021
0.240 U
7.05
1.82
2.73
0.220 U
0.180 U
0.170 U
13.7
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 7 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 3
Summary of Historical Groundwater Analytical Data (Detected VOCs Above 2L Standard)
Notes:
Bold and Highlighted: Detected concentration is greater than the NC2L standard
Italicized: Non -detected concentration is above one or more identified NC2L standard
Sampling dates occurred while leachate extraction was active
NC2L: Subchapter 2L — Groundwater Classifications and Standards, Department of Environmental Quality (Amended April 1, 2013
All nondetect results are reported at the method detection limit.
lag/L: micrograms per liter
J: Estimated value
Jb: Estimated value. Compound is analyzed by USEPA 8270D and USEPA 8260D, the most protective result is reported.
Ua: Compound analyzed for, but not detected above minimum detection limit. Compound is analyzed by USEPA 8270D and USEI
U: Compound analyzed for, but not detected above minimum detection limit.
ND: Nondetect result, method detection limit not previously reported.
NA: Compound was not analyzed. 1,4-Dioxane analysis by USEPA 8260D SIM began in 2018.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 8 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 4
Mass Removal Calculations for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Detected in the Leachate Sample (LT-01)
Sample Dates
Detected Volatile Organic
Compounds
Concentration
in LT-01
(mg/L)
Cumulative
Flow at Gauge
(gallons)
Differential
Flow
(gallons)
Mass
Removed
(pounds)
Estimated Cumulative
Mass Removed
(pounds)
Beginning
Ending
9/1/2012
10/25/2012
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0034
11,500
11,500
0.00033
4-Meth I-2 entanone (MIBK)
0.0021
J
0.00020
Acetone
0.0292
0.00280
Benzene
0.0021
0.00020
Chlorobenzene
0.0029
0.00028
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene
0.00063
J
0.00006
Dichlorodifluoro-methane
0.00093
J
0.00009
Eth (benzene
0.0102
0.00098
Naphthalene
0.0069
0.00066
Styrene
0.00033
J
0.00003
Toluene
0.003
0.00029
Total X lenes
10.0094
0.00090
Total
0.00681
0.00681
10/26/2012
4/11/2013
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.006
65,500
54,000
1
0.00270
Acetone
0.012
J
0.00540
Benzene
0.0011
0.00049
Carbon disulfide
0.0067
J
0.00301
Chlorobenzene
0.0024
J
0.00108
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene
0.00058
J
0.00026
Eth (benzene
0.0083
0.00373
Toluene
0.00059
J
0.00027
Total X lenes
0.0078
0.00351
Total
0.02045
0.02726
4/12/2013
10/8/2013
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0055
114,737
1
1
49,237
0.00226
4-Meth I-2 entanone (MIBK)
0.0012
J
0.00049
Benzene
0.0020
0.00082
Chlorobenzene
0.0039
0.00160
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene
0.00080
J
0.00033
Eth lbenzen
10.0151
1
0.00619
Naphthalene
10.0184
1
0.00754
Toluene
10.0012
0.00049
Total X lenes
10.0090
H
0.00369
Total
0.02341
0.05067
10/9/2013
4/8/2014'
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0056
164,437
49,700
0.00232
Benzene
0.0018
0.00075
Chlorobenzene
0.0051
0.00211
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene
0.00049
J
0.00020
Eth (benzene
0.0047
0.00195
Toluene
10.00041
J
0.00017
Total X lenes
10.0021
J
0.00087
Total
0.00836
0.05903
4/8/2014
10/23/2014
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0053
200,148
35,710
0.00158
Benzene
0.0014
0.00042
Chlorobenzene
0.003
0.00089
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene
0.00049
J
0.00015
Eth (benzene
0.0027
0.00080
Toluene
10.00051
J
0.00015
Total X lenes
10.0014
J
0.00042
Total
0.00440
0.06343
10/23/2014
4/21/2015
1,2,3-Trimethyl benzene
0.00062
241,700
41,552
1,2,4-Trimethyl benzene
0.00076
0.00026
2-Chlorotoluene
0.00067
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0059
Acetone
0.00790
-7=277-
Benzene
0.0022
7
Chlorobenzene
0.003
0.00104
Eth (benzene
0.0056
4
I sopropylbenzene
0.0013
0.00045
Methy Tert-butyl- Ether
0.0013
45
Na thalene
0.024
n-Pro (benzene
0.00088
Tetrah drofuran
0.089
Toluene
0.00054
J0.0001
Vinyl Chloride
0.00038
Total X lenes
10.0030
J
4
TotaT-
0.05089
0.11432
4/21/2015
10/13/2015
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.00600
278,420
1
1
36,720
0.00183
2-Butanone
0.00960
J
0.00294
Benzene
0.00210
0.00064
Chlorobenzene
0.0040
0.00122
Eth (benzene
0.00710
0.00217
Naphthalene
10.021
1
0.00642
Tetrah drofuran
10.062
1
0.01896
Toluene
10.00058
J
0.00018
Total X lenes
10.0031
J
0.00095
Total
0.03531
0.14963
10/13/2015
4/5/2016
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.00590
337,398
1
58,978
0.00290
Benzene
0.00170
0.00083
Chlorobenzene
0.0038
0.00187
Eth (benzene
0.00500
0.00246
Toluene
0.00063
J
0.00031
Total X lenes
10.0025
1 J
0.00123
Total
0.00959
0.15922
4/5/2016 10/11/20162 No detected compounds. 352,745 15,347
0.00000
Total
0.00000
0.15922
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Page 1 of 2
Jackson County, North Carolina December 2021

Table 4
Mass Removal Calculations for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Detected in the Leachate Sample (LT-01)
Sample Dates
Detected Volatile Organic
Compounds
Concentration
in LT-01
(mg/L)
Cumulative
Flow at Gauge
(gallons)
Differential
Flow
(gallons)
Mass
Removed
(pounds)
Estimated Cumulative
Mass Removed
(pounds)
Beginning
Ending
10/11/2016
3/21/2017
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0046
355,947
3,202
0.00012
Acetone
0.0094
J
0.00025
Benzene
0.0015
0.00004
Chlorobenzene
0.0043
0.00011
Eth (benzene
0.0014
0.00004
Tetrah drofuran
0.066
0.00176
Total X lenes
0.0015
J
0.00004
Total
0.00237
0.16159
3/21/2017
10/11/2017
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0041
386,495 30,548
0.00104
Acetone
0.0067
J
7
Acetonitrile
0.008
J
0.00204
Benzene
0.00061
0.00016
Chlorobenzene
0.0012
Eth lbenzen
10.00087
0.00022
Na hthalene
10.0012
Tetrah drofuran
10.12
5
Total
0.03630
0.19789
10/12/2017
10/18/2018'
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0028
398,872 12,377
0.00029
Acetone
0.017
0.00175
Benzene
0.0012
0.00012
Chlorobenzene
0.0024
0.00025
Eth (benzene
0.0018
0.00019
Meth lene Chloride
10.00034
J
0.00004
Total X lenes
10.00098
J
0.00010
Total
0.0027
0.20062
10/18/2018
10/22/2019'
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0037
407,807 8,936
0.00028
Acetone
0.006
0.00045
Benzene
0.0017
0.00013
Chlorobenzene
0.0038
0.00028
Eth (benzene
0.0016
0.00012
Toluene
10.00039
J
0.00003
Total X lenes
10.0017
J
0.00013
Total
0.0014
0.20203
10/22/2019
3/18/2020'
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0056
539,644 131,836
0.00615
1,4-Dioxane
0.06
0.06585
Acetone
0.0064
0.00702
Benzene
0.0013
0.00143
Chlorobenzene
0.0032
0.00351
Eth (benzene
0.0027
0.00296
Methyl isobutyl ketone
0.00079
J
0.00087
Toluene
0.00070
0.00077
Total X lenes
0.00209
J
0.00229
Total
0.0886
0.29058
3/18/2020
10/14/2020'
1,2-Dichloroethene, cis-
0.00029
J
639,343 99,699
0.00024
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
0.00027
J
0.00022
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.0048
0.00398
1,4-Dioxane
0.058
0.04814
Acetone
0.011
0.00913
Acetonitri a (Et anenitri e)
0.0047
J
0.00390
Benzene
0.0024
0.00199
Chlorobenzene
0.0044
0.00365
Chloroethane
0.00047
J
0.00039
Eth (benzene
0.0018
0.00149
Naphthalene
0.013
0.01079
Tetrah drofuran
0.094
0.07802
Toluene
0.00079
0.00066
Total X lenes
0.0037
0.00307
Vinyl chloride
0.00022
J
0.00018
Total
0.1659
0.45645
10/14/2020
10/20/2021
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
0.00385
701,994 62,651
1,4-Dioxane
4
17
54
Acetone
4
4 5
Benzene
45
Chlorobenzene
• 4
Eth (benzene
44
Naphthalene
10.0136
1
Tetrah drofuran
10.2035
Total X lenes
1U.UUZ8147
Total
0.1501
0.60659
Notes:
1. Totalizer readings were not recorded during the sampling event and the differential flow was calculated based on an interpolated totalizer reading using monthly readings taken by the
Tuckaseigee Water and Sewer Authority (TWSA) for 3 months before and after the sample date.
2. No VOCs were detected in the leachate sample collected during the October 2016 sampling event.
3. In March 2018, the totalizer at the TWSA connection was replaced. During the March 2018 sampling event, Anchor QEA began reading an incorrect totalizer for the volume of extracted the
leachate. Differential flow was calculated for the sample dates in the same manner as Note 1. This table has been updated to reflect the updated totalizer readings from previous groundwater
monitoring reports.
Total Xylenes represent the sum of m,p-Xylenes and o-Xylenes.
Only detected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in leachate sample LT-01 are included in the mass removal calculation
Leachate extraction at the landfill was initiated on September 1, 2012. Connection to the TWSA sewer was completed on September 6, 2013. Up until the connection to the TWSA sewer,
leachate was pumped into a temporary collection tank and then hauled off site. Extraction volume measurements for leachate hauled off site were recorded and provided by Jackson County
staff.
Anchor QEA bases mass removal calculations on the assumption that the VOCs concentration in one sampling event is representative of leachate quality until the next sampling event occurs,
and that the leachate removal system has a 100% removal and treatment efficiency.
Differential flow represents the total flow between the LT-01 sample dates.
Estimated cumulative mass removed and treated is estimated based upon a conversion of milligrams to pounds and liters to gallons and the multiplication of the concentration by the
differential flow for the specified period.
Formula: ((concentrationrma/Ll)*(2.2e-6 Ib)/(0.264 oal))*(Differential flow).
mg/L: milligrams per liter
J: Indicates laboratory estimated concentration is above the adjusted method detection limit and below the adjusted reporting limit.
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Page 2 of 2
Jackson County, North Carolina December 2021

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW320
SW356
SW336
124-38-9
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
I SW334
SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
74-82-8
7440-44-0
or E-10195
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-8
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
nM
pg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
pg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
10/26/2011
5.57
1.33
-31.5
NA
5,000 U
5,800
NA
200 U
5 U
5 U
2,060
12,100
NA
NA
5,000 U
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/11/2012
5.80
1.19
-111.1
250
5,000 U
2,800
42
200 U
6.2 U
6.2 U
5,360
4,600
8,300
NA
5,000 U
100 U
0.062 J
0.022 J
0.058 J
10/23/2012
5.43
0.27
45.2
160
1,200
16,400
5.4
32 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
3,130
1,000 U
2,000 U
25,000 U
2,300 J
100 U
0.032 U
0.021 U
0.044 J
4/11/2013
6.03
0.31
2.6
150
1,000 U
20,000
1.8
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
1,550
7,500
2,800
25,000 U
3,000 J
100 U
2.3 U
1.8 U
NA
10/8/2013
5.75
0.26
12.1
120
1,500
34,600
1.7
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
6,150
12,800
9,600
25,000 U
2,000 U
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/8/2014
5.85
1.87
17.2
280
1,100
27,500
0.90
20 U
NA
NA
NA
23,300
6,000
36000
4000 J
100 U
0.08
0.15
NA
10/23/2014
5.91
1.20
41.5
320
1,200
25,700
NA
10 U
3.1 U
3.1 U
3,320
31,500
4,900
36,000
1,600 J
100 U
0.098 J
0.21
0.11
4/21/2015
2.08*
2.04
314.3
NA
740 J
15,000
NA
23 U
4.1 U
4.3 U
1,400
7,100
5,000 U
16,000
88 J
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/13/2015
5.75
1.03
66.4
360
510.1
15,000
NA
39 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
3,000
6,700
6,000
27,000
600 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
4/5/2016
6.05
4.42
57.5
220
820 J
65,000
NA
85 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
2,300
4,800
5,300
7,300 U
540 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.10
0.1 U
MW-01
10/11/2016
5.83
0.99
66.1
290
880 J
36,000
NA
70 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
2,400
30,600
5,600
91,000
550.1
ND
ND
0.96
0.10 U
03/21/2017
5.77
1.70
39.7
280
880 J
24,000
NA
17 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
1,700
11,800
1,800 J
29,000 J
820 J
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/11/2017
5.78
5.47
48.0
240
810 J
13,000
NA
110.1
0.1 U
0.1 U
1,200
10,600
1,800 J
17,000 U
200 U
ND
ND
0.13
0.2 U
03/21/2018
5.79
1.37
50.2
180
670J
6,600
NA
17J
0.1 U
0.1 U
620
20,900
3,900
28,000J
2000
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/17/2018
5.59
2.08
89.7
300 N
880 J
12,000
NA
190
0.1 U,N
0.1 U,N
880 N
2,490
2,400
17,000 U
680 J
830 U
ND
0.10 U,M3,M5
0.20 U,B
03/21/2019
5.96
1.53
45.3
280
850 J
37,000
NA
57 J
0.16
0.1 U
1,800
2,190
13,000
97,000
490 U
1200 J
NA
0.91
0.22
10/24/2019
6.00
5.11
52.1
150
1,500
34,000 HT
NA
54 U
0.10 U
0.10 U
740
1,770
8,400
53,000
480 U
16,000
ND
0.36
0.50 U
03/18/2020
6.05
2.94
21.6
270 N
1,100
35,000 HT
NA
54 U
0.088 J,N
0.056 J,N
2700 N
9,070
10,000
38,000 J
480 U
830 U
0.085 U
49 J
120 U
10/14/2020
5.70
1.47
30.5
128
1,200
39,000
NA
45 U
0.075 U
0.12 U
4,000
1,780
3,100
24,000 J
560 U
830 U
0.053 U
0.45 J
5.4
03/10/2021
5.8
2.56
-11.3
108
1,110
38,900
NA
45 U
0.075 U
1 0.12 U
1,700
1,140
2,000 U
11,000 U
560 U
830 U
0.053 U
0.15 J
7.6
10/20/2021
5.601
2.071
27.11
NA
866 JI
32,900
NAI
76.0 U
I NAI
NAI
NAI
1,8901
8,800
74,0001
540 U1
830 U1
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 1 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW320
SW356
SW336
124-38-9
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
SW334
SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
74-82-8
7440-44-0
or E-10195
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-8
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
pg/L
pg/L
nM
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
10/27/2011
5.44
4.96
158.7
NA
28,500
500 U
NA
200 U
5 U
5 U
5 U
3,700
NA
NA
6,300 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/12/2012
6.28
4.30
-85.5
27
26,200
500 U
3.9
250
6.2 U
6.2 U
2.5 J
1,700
2,000 U
NA
6,600
100 U
0
0.12
0.047 J
10/24/2012
5.63
3.74
165.6
45
20,000
500 U
0.89
290 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
11.5
4,000
2,000 U
25,000 U
8,100 J
100 U
0.032 U
0.08
0.01 U
4/10/2013
6.03
6.11
171.9
34
18,200
500 U
0.71
170 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
3.3 U
2,100
2,000 U
25,000 U
7,800 J
100 U
2.3 U
1.8 U
NA
10/10/2013
5.84
0.95
104.5
36
22,300
500 U
0.78
21 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
658
5,300
2,000 U
25,000 U
8,800 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/9/2014
6.07
3.84
170.4
28
26,500
500 U
1.4
250
NA
NA
NA
3,000
2000 U
29,000
8800 J
100 U
0.050 J
0.09
0.12
10/23/2014
5.51
6.20
176.4
94
15,500
500 U
NA
180
3.1 U
3.1 U
3.3 U
16,200
4,300
45,000
4,600
100 U
0.14
0.10
0.13
4/21/2015
5.14
5.74
286.7
NA
250,000
71
NA
2,200 J
4.1 U
4.3 U
7.5 J
1,600
5,000 U
3000 U
66,000 J
NA
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/14/2015
6.18
7.30
236.4
80
22,000
39 U
NA
98 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
0.5 U
1,100 J
1,200 J
100,000
11,000 J
6,600 U
0.2 U
0.15
0.1 U
4/6/2016
6.51
6.53
123.4
41
23,000
22 U
NA
230 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
0.5 U
780 J
260 J
7,300 U
9,400 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
MW-2
10/12/2016
6.59
4.38
139.8
53
18,000
71 U
NA
140 J
0.18
0.1 U
0.5 U
5,600
260 J
94,000
8,600 J
ND
ND
0.38
0.10 U
03/22/2017
6.62
6.24
203.3
59
29,000
71 U
NA
390 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
0.5 U
8,500 J
2,000 U
300,000
13000 J
ND
ND
0.13
ND
10/11/2017
6.26
7.47
189.2
67
820 J
37 J
NA
150.1
0.1 U
0.1 U
8.7
2,600
2,000 U
17,000 U
670 J
ND
ND
0.44
0.2 U
03/21/2018
6.06
4.76
234.1
87
22,000
14 U
NA
250 J
0.1 U
0.1 U
0.5 U
10,200
1,400 J
39,000 J
7600
ND
ND
0.38
ND
10/18/2018
6.24
4.94
210.0
41 N
23,000
46 U
NA
130
0.1 U,N
0.1 U,N
0.5 U,N
1,410 J
7,100
18,000 J
14,000
830 U
ND
0.46 M3,M5
0.20 U,B
03/21/2019
6.19
8.01
279.3
54
19,000
46 U
NA
340
0.1 U
0.1 U
0.5 U
2,440
1,000 J
27,000 J
10,000
1200 J
NA
0.18
0.2 U
10/23/2019
6.34
10.45
123.1
49
27,000
51 HT,U
NA
170 J
0.10 U
0.10 U
0.50 U
5,240
210 BB,U
19,000 J
21,000
830 U
ND
0.35
0.50 U
03/18/2020
6.09
5.44
261.9
60 N
29,000
59 HT,J
NA
530
0.005 U,N
0.0082 J,N
0.1 J,N
2,970
2,500
22,000 J
15,000
830 U
0.085 U
440
120 U
10/13/2020
7.1 #
5.08
-57.3
37.1
25,000
46 U
NA
170 J
0.075 U
0.12 U
5
2,260
2,300
37,000 J
20,000
830 U
0.053 U
0.76
5.1
03/10/2021
6.0
6.23
137.9
29.6
19,100
50 U
NA
355
0.075 U
1 0.12 U
4.3 J
4,960
4,000
11,000 U
10,400
830 U
0.11 U
0.39 J
13
10/20/2021
5.20
5.92
407.61
NAI
20,1001
80.0 J
NAI
2551
NAI
NAI
NAI
1,4501
2,000 U
1 38,000 J
1 27,0001
4000
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 2 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW320
SW356
SW336
124-38-9
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
SW334
SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
74-82-8
7440-44-0
or E-10195
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-8
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
nM
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
pg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
10/26/2011
4.52
0.49
157.9
NA
46,700
500 U
NA
410 J
5 U
5 U
56.8
15,000
NA
NA
5,000 U
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/11/2012
5.53
0.25
134.6
190
37,000
500 U
170
3,200
6.2 U
6.2 U
21.8
5,500
2,000 U
NA
5,000 U
100 U
0.081 J
0.056 J
0.068 J
10/23/2012
5.58
0.99
-109.3
150
50,600
500 U
0.74
560 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
6.5 J
11,800
2,000 U
25,000 U
2,700 J
100 U
0.22
0.021 U
0.01 U
4/10/2013
5.75
0.55
153.4
140
30,900
500 U
0.38 J
6,000 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
4.0 J
6,300
2,000 U
25,000 U
2,100 J
100 U
2.3 U
1.8 U
NA
10/9/2013
5.51
0.26
104.3
270
38,900
500 U
59
2,000 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
79.2
14,500
2,000 U
29,000
2,200 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/8/2014
5.54
0.59
178.9
350
30,500
500 U
4.7
4,500
NA
NA
NA
12,200
2,000 U
36,000
3900
100 U
0.14
0.020J
0.098 J
10/22/2014
5.39
0.81
183.6
320
42,100
500 U
6.5
1,700
3.1 U
3.1 U
9.5
45,000
2,000 U
27,000
2,200
100 U
0.053 J
0.037 J
0.10
4/21/2015
3.29*
0.25
372.5
270
29,000
35 J
1.5
8,900 J
4.1 U
4.3 U
5.6 J
4,800
5,000 U
11,000
280JI
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/13/2015
5.63
1.28
325.7
220
39,000
39 U
5.4
3,200 J
0.02 U
0.02 U
1.1
2,000 J
5,100
11,000 J
1,300 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
4/5/2016
5.48
0.45
200.9
190
27,000
22 U
15
13,000
0.014
0.059
0.5
1,900 J
220 J
7,300 U
570 J
1,000 J
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
MW-3
10/11/2016
5.60
0.64
204.1
380
40,000
71 U
38
3,600 J
0.036
0.170
0.78
22,000
520 J
38000 J
1,100 J
ND
ND
0.36
0.10 U
03/21/2017
5.58
1.59
259.5
380
40,000
140 J
51
1,900 J, B
0.018
0.042
3.30
10,500
120 J
14,000 U
2000 J
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/10/2017
5.57
2.82
284.8
340
32,000
17 J
21
6,900
0.01 U
0.026
4.6
6,100
600 J
73,000
850 J
ND
ND
0.10
0.52
03/21/2018
5.81
3.22
263.1
120
19,000
14 U
24
11,000
0.02 U
0.02 U
0.48
14,200
1,100 J
47,000 J
530 J
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/16/2018
5.63
0.34
244.1
200 N
31,000
46 U
38
11,000
0.2 U,D,N
0.2 U,D,N
0.98 D,N
2,380
100.1
26,000 J
1,700 J
830 U
ND
0.39 M3,M5
0.20 U
03/20/2019
6.71
9.44
236.3
55
20,000
150.1
120
3,400
0.02 U
0.02 U
0.2 U
9,360
1900 J
48,000 J
7,200
1400 J
NA
0.1 U
0.55
10/23/2019
5.87
0.83
263.7
260
31,000
51 HT,U
21
7,600
0.01 U
0.027
15
11,000
210 BB,U
23,000 J
4,400
35,000
ND
0.10 U
0.50 U
03/17/2020
6.79
8.00
242.1
49 N
15,000
51 HT,U
120
430
0.005 UN
0.013 J,N
0.2 J,N
6,160
300 J
22,000 J
6,200
830 U
0.085 U
48 J
120 U
10/13/2020
8.1 #
3.28
-112.4
14.7
8,500
46 U
43
8,300
0.075 U
0.12 U
3.5
4,680
2,000 J
35,000 J
4,000
830 U
0.072 J
0.95
4.8
03/09/2021
6.7
6.83
197.1
8.31
16,800
50 U
190
3,590
0.075 U
1 0.12 U
3.1 J
2,430
2,000 U
11,000 U
3,770
29,700
0.053 U
0.14 J
6.9
10/20/2021
5.201
0.831
545.81
NAI
32,5001
50.0 U
NAI
3,7101
NAI
NA
NAI
2,410
2,000 U
41,000 J
1000 B
830 U
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 3 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW320
SW356
SW336
124-38-9
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
SW334
SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
74-82-8
7440-44-0
or E-10195
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-8
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
pg/L
pg/L
nM
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
10/27/2011
5.39
2.99
532.3
NA
92,600
500 U
NA
2,500 J
5 U
5 U
1,410
172,000
NA
NA
71,100 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/12/2012
5.66
1.09
6.8
240
71,700
500 U
62
7,700
6.2 U
6.2 U
544
6,500
2,000 U
NA
10,000 U
100 U
0.11
0.031 J
0.063 J
10/24/2012
5.27
0.21
502.0
230
83,400
500 U
19
4,000 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
889
14,400
2,000 U
25,000 U
105,000 J
100 U
0.032 U
0.021 U
0.01 U
4/10/2013
5.56
1.40
186.2
250
46,200
500 U
20
14,600
0.86 U
0.79 U
9.1
8,600
2,000 U
25,000 U
62,500 J
100 U
2.3 U
1.8 U
NA
10/9/2013
5.48
0.42
122.3
230
48,600
500 U
s0
11,900 J
0.86 U
0.79 U
883
10,200
2,000 U
25,000 U
108,000 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/9/2014
5.63
0.44
220.7
190
42,700
500 U
7.8
8,200
NA
NA
NA
11,100
2,000 U
25,000 U
80,200
100 U
0.23
0.028J
0.13
10/22/2014
5.42
0.39
377.9
390
75,200
500 U
33
2,700
3.1 U
3.1 U
1,420
65,400
2,000 U
45,000
95,500
100 U
0.055 J
0.040 J
0.10
4/22/2015
3.90*
0.31
637.9
300
60,000
45 J
7.9
3,500 J
4.1 U
4.3 U
930
3,800
5,000 U
6,200 J
65,000 J
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/14/2015
5.66
0.53
347.9
360
72,000
39 U
11
2,200 J
0.023
0.01 U
460
2,900 J
370 J
18,000 J
70,000 J
1,000 J
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
4/6/2016
5.66
0.80
191.5
190
40,000
22 U
17
7,500 J
0.012
0.021
160
1,900 J
2,200 U
7,300 U
69,000 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
MW-4
10/12/2016
5.77
0.50
159.5
340
81,000
71 U
230
950.1
0.043
0.024
570
26,200
1100.1
39000 J
80,000 J
ND
ND
0.58
0.10 U
03/22/2017
5.75
2.86
210.5
300
89,000
71 U
50
440 J
0.031
0.031
180
17,500
860 J
110,000
67000 J
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/10/2017
5.73
1.53
227.4
440
80,000
14 U
79
1,600
0.031
0.017
110
10,700
1,300 J
46,000 J
67,000 J
ND
ND
0.16
0.73
03/20/2018
5.80
4.61
535.7
320
61,000
14 U
220
3,900 J
0.032
0.01 U
59
24,200
2,000 U
38,000 J
56000
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/16/2018
5.86
3.47
323.4
210 N
60,000
46 U
4.8 N
4,300
0.2 U,D,N
0.2 U,D,N
25 D,N
3,020 J
2,000 U
29,000 J
71,000
2,400
ND
0.45 M3,M5
0.20 U
03/19/2019
5.92
5.24
419.7
140
27,000
46 U
110
11,000
0.02 U
0.02 U
1 14
600 U
3,200
17,000 U
63,000
10001
NA
0.1 U
0.62
10/22/2019
5.89
6.42
359.4
330
47,000
51 HT,U
100
5,300
0.014
0.01 U
110
5,910
820 BB,J,B
10,000 U
78,000
11,000
ND
0.10 U
0.50 U
03/17/2020
5.84
2.02
506.2
220 N
30,000
51 HT,U
13
8,300
0.018 J,N
0.004 U,N
83 N
5,850
210 U
74,000
110,000
830 U
0.085 U
43 U
120 U
10/12/2020
5.75
2.11
302.8
99.3
24,000
46 U
10
6,500
0.075 U
0.12 U
390
2,050
380 J
13,000 J
91,000
830 U
0.053 U
0.54
4.8
03/09/2021
5.4
6.49
351.0
99.2
33,000
50 U
19
3,570
0.075 U
0.12 U
300
1,600
2,000
11,000 U
123,000
44,800
0.053 U
0.13 J
6.9
10/19/2021
5.701
5.621
518.31
NAI
61,7001
50.0 U
NAI
1,7601
NAI
NA
NAI
2,390
2,000 HT
34,000 J
124,0001
830 U
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 4 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW3201
SW356
I SW336
1124-38-91
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
I SW334
I SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
1 74-82-8
7440-44-0
lorE-101951
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-81
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
nM
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
Ng/L
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
MW-5
10/26/2011
Not Sampled
4/12/2012
6.89
3.50
-130.9
170
82,300
1,200
NA
200 U
6.2 U
6.2 U
850
30,600
69,000
NA
5,000 U
100 U
0.14
0.031 J
0.086 J
10/24/2012
5.72
3.11
18.2
160
76,000
500 U
NA
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
3.3 U
27,200
4,900
68,000
2,700 J
100 U
0.11
0.027 J
0.032 J
4/11/2013
6.85
2.42
-70.7
110
50,800
500 U
2.3 U
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
4,870
24,300
13,200
26,000
3,400 J
100 U
1.8 U
1 U
NA
10/9/2013
6.82
2.67
-43.1
48
51,800
2,400
NA
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
7,760
25,700
11,200
40,000
2,000 U
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/9/2014
6.79
3.36
-99.5
76
54,600
2,800
NA
20 U
NA
NA
NA
41,900
44,100
69,000
100 U
0.32
0.37
0.18
10/23/2014
6.48
3.51
-42.2
110
51,900
2,300
NA
10 U
3.1 U
3.1 U
2,210
48,400
16,700
72,000
1,500 J
100 U
0.54
0.24
0.28
4/22/2015
5.11
4.18
59.8
NA
46,000
25,000
NA
23 U
4.1 U
4.3 U
1,800
8,500
6,300
42,000
270 J
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/13/2015
6.67
2.68
-6.8
130
50,000
5,100
NA
58 J
0.24
0.40
1,900
10,700
14,000
82,000
960 J
3,300 U
0.2 U
0.11
0.20
4/6/2016
6.95
3.48
-28.2
62
43,000
22 U
NA
50 J
0.34
0.21
3,900
8,700
3,600
34,000 J
240 U
830 U
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
MW-SR
10/12/2016
6.34
3.24
37.8
89
50,000
6,000
NA
100.1
0.20
0.14
810
20,700
3,500
79,000
870 J
ND
ND
0.47
0.14
03/22/2017
6.37
4.51
-5.3
140
76,000
17,000
NA
310 J
0.21
0.28
3,300
12,700
1,200 J
33,000 J
2000 J
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/11/2017
5.98
6.21
104.0
130
74,000
1,400
NA
81 J
0.1 U
0.16
9.8
9,300
1,700 J
41,000 J
2,100 J
ND
ND
0.35
0.2 U
03/21/2018
6.47
1.04
11.8
130
60,000
7,100
NA
160 J
0.14
0.25
1,500
50,500
15,000
210,000
1100
ND
ND
0.32
ND
10/17/2018
6.43
1.87
162.1
110 N
51,000
4800 J
NA
120
0.36 N
0.16 N
1,900 N
6,680
11,000
45,000 J
490 U
830 U
ND
0.15 M3,M5
0.27 B
03/20/2019
7.06
3.39
-85.8
61
44,000
46 U
NA
100
0.28
0.10
2,500
10,500
4,400
44,000 J
490 U
830 U
NA
0.17
0.2 U
10/23/2019
7.02
1.51
-55.5
58
61,000
2,000 HT
NA
110.1
0.32
0.15
3,400
18,000
18,000 BB,B
58,000
480 U
30,000
ND
0.56
0.50 U
03/18/2020
7.12
1.50
-96.1
56 N
53,000
1500 HT
NA
59 J
0.34 N
0.18 N
4,800 N
20,900
6,500
85,000
480 U
830 U
0.085 U
210
120 J
10/12/2020
6.82
1.43
-130.0
45.3
55,000
12,000
NA
75 J
0.075 U
0.12 U
3,700
7,050
5,200
42,000 J
560 U
5,000
0.053 U
4.2 J
50
03/09/2021
6.6
0.84
-129.9
1.46
51,700
50 U
NA
78 J
0.57 J
0.6 J
2,300
4,360
12,000
65,000
560 U
830 U
0.53 U
1.2 U
74
10/19/2021
6.80
11
NAI
66,5001
7,6401
NAI
76.0 U
NAI
NAI
NA
5,360
15,500
101,000
540 U
830 U1
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 5 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW320
SW356
SW336
124-38-9
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
I SW334
SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
74-82-8
7440-44-0
or E-10195
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-8
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
pg/L
pg/L
nM
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
10/26/2011
5.40
1.46
-72.6
NA
5,000 U
10,300
NA
200 U
5 U
5 U
1,170
13,200
NA
NA
5,000 U
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/11/2012
6.03
2.19
-108.4
220
5,000 U
13,200
31
200 U
6.2 U
6.2 U
313
4,600
2,000 U
NA
5,000 U
100 U
0.096 J
0.019 J
0.049 J
10/23/2012
5.33
0.37
10.3
120
1,000 U
3,600
0.34 J
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
21
1,100
2,000 U
25,000 U
2,000 U
100 U
0.032 U
0.021 U
0.021 J
4/11/2013
5.40
0.39
93.4
240
1,000 U
1,400
12
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
314
9,600
2,000 U
25,000 U
2,100 J
100 U
2.3 U
1.8 U
NA
10/8/2013
5.13
0.31
71.5
250
1,100
880
23
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
900
15,800
2,000
25,000 U
2,000 U
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/8/2014
5.32
0.70
97.4
380
1,000 U
1,100
3.7
20 U
NA
NA
NA
11,400
2,000 U
25,000 U
2,200
100 U
0.12
0.020 J
0.11
10/22/2014
4.91
0.38
146.6
280
8001
1,500
1.3
20 U
3.1 U
3.1 U
607
37,800
2,000 U
25,000 U
1,500 J
100 U
0.031 J
0.030 J
0.072 J
4/21/2015
2.59*
0.39
166.0
260
640 J
6,200
65
23 U
4.1 U
4.3 U
720
4,300
5,000 U
7,200 J
32,000 J
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/13/2015
5.56
2.58
99.5
190
620 J
6,100
2.6
100.1
0.10
0.39
180
300 U
5,100 U
5,300 U
760 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
4/5/2016
5.21
0.54
243.0
200
960 J
140 J
4.1
780 J
0.01 U
0.047
11
1,500 U
1,700 J
7,300 U
1,600 J
830 U
0.2 U
0.22
0.20
MW-6
10/11/2016
5.33
0.78
172.2
220
870 J
71 U
57
130 J
0.01 U
0.057
28
14,500
1200 J
14,000 U
440 J
ND
ND
0.10 U
0.10 U
03/21/2017
5.63
3.44
121.0
270
1,100
4,500
29
77 J, B
0.1 U
0.130
11
9,600
920 J
14,000 U
9501
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/11/2017
5.74
8.92
88.0
160
24,000
2,500
40
290 J
0.1 U
0.11
9.3
1,700 J
2,000 U
25,000 J
12,000 J
ND
ND
0.57
0.2 U
03/21/2018
5.59
1.81
155.2
260
830 J
3,000
NA
100.1
0.1 U
0.15
53
17,200
2,400
17,000 U
200 U
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/18/2018
5.21
7.13
294.9
110 N
860 J
47 J
15 N
780
0.2 U,D,N
0.2 U,D,N
0.48 D,N
1270 J
920 BB, J
17,000 U
490 U
830 U
ND
0.43 M3,M5
0.20 U,B
03/21/2019
5.33
5.32
322.1
160
1,100
46 U
4.8
590
0.02 U
0.02 U
0.45
4,970
200 U
17,000 U
1,100 J
2700
NA
2.0
0.2 U
10/23/2019
5.34
3.24
301.9
250
1,100
51 HT,U
14
240
0.01 U
0.034
14
8,180
210 U,BB
10,000 U
710 J
30,000
ND
0.10 U
0.50 U
03/18/2020
5.14
5.81
279.0
280 N
1,000
51 HT,U
NA
150 J
0.005 U,N
0.043 J,N
3.7 N
3,340
540 J
10,000 U
560 J
830 U
0.085 U
43 U
120 U
10/13/2020
7.1 #
1.55
-139.9
159
1,100
46 U
4.1
96 J
0.075 U
0.12 U
140
1,040
280 J
11,000 U
830 J
830 U
0.053 U
0.58
5.0
03/10/2021
5.0
1.42
262.4
150
350 U
50 U
22
45 U
0.075 U
1 0.24 J
25
500 U
2,000 U
11,000 U
560 U
39,600
0.053 U
0.13 J
6.6
10/20/2021
4.601
5.701
334.51
NAI
888 J
1 60.0 J
NAI
76.0 U
I NAI
NA
NAI
788 J
2,000 U
19,000 J
540 U
830 U
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 6 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Field Parameters
MNA Parameters
Volatile Fatty Acids
Parameter
PH
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxidation
Reduction
Potential
Carbon
Dioxide
Chloride
Ferrous
Iron
Hydrogen
Nitrate
Ethane
Ethene
Methane
Total
Organic
Carbon
BOD, 5 day
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
Sulfate
Sulfide
Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic
Acid
CAS Number
SW320
SW356
I SW336
124-38-9
16887-
00-6 or
SW301
SW334
SW338
SW419
74-84-0
74-85-1
74-82-8
7440-44-0
1 or E-10195
SW316
SW317
14808-79-8
18496-25-8
SW415
SW416
NE
SWSID
320
356
336
459
301
334
338
419
331
332
456
357
316
317
315
187
415
416
NE
Well ID
Collect Date
SU
mg/L
mV
mg/L
pg/L
pg/L
nM
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
pg/L
pg/L
Ng/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
10/27/2011
6.01
1.53
-51.0
NA
45,400
2,700
NA
200 U
5 U
5 U
1,360
13,200
NA
NA
42,800 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/12/2012
6.41
0.72
-164.0
150
51,400
500 U
4.1
200 U
6.2 U
6.2 U
1,090
5,900
2,000 U
NA
24,600
100 U
0.14
0.032 J
0.048 J
10/24/2012
5.72
0.43
81.6
120
48,600
1,800
16
20 U
0.86 U
1.0 J
1,200
12,500
2,000 U
25,000 U
27,200 J
100 U
0.033 J
0.021 U
0.01 U
4/10/2013
6.09
0.21
101.9
300
19,700
600
0.54 J
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
1,470
15,600
2,000 U
25,000 U
30,800 J
100 U
2.3 U
1.8 U
NA
10/9/2013
5.98
0.34
91.5
98
52,600
500 U
47
20 U
0.86 U
0.79 U
1,410
16,600
2,000
25,000 U
29,200 J
100 U
NA
NA
NA
4/9/2014
6.03
0.81
103.7
61
61,000
500 U
3.6
20 U
NA
NA
NA
16,500
2,000 U
25,000 U
30,600
0.085J
0.011.1
0.12
10/23/2014
5.93
0.32
95.2
340
60,000
730
1.5
10 U
3.1 U
3.1 U
648
28,900
2,000 U
38,000
26,000
100 U
0.085 J
0.043 J
0.13
4/22/2015
4.36*
0.11
145.8
270
60,000
2,400
1.6
23 U
4.1 U
4.3 U
800
2,600
5,000 U
4,800 J
32,000 J
10 U
5.0 U
NA
10/14/2015
6.03
1.97
148.5
200
68,000
330
2.0
58 J
0.028
0.070
110
1,800 J
2,400 J
20,000 J
27,000 J
1,600 J
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
4/6/2016
5.97
0.47
122.4
200
69,000
1901
7.2
150.1
0.053
0.095
140
1,500 J
2,200 U
7,300 U
27,000 J
1,000 J
0.2 U
0.1 U
0.1 U
MW-7
10/12/2016
6.03
0.39
116.4
380
67,000
1901
41
200 J
0.099
0.240
180
25,100
160 J
29000 J
23,000 J
ND
ND
0.10 U
0.10 U
03/22/2017
6.03
1.12
134.2
350
71,000
290
9.6
911
0.150
0.220
340
9,000
120 J
14,000 U
23,000 J
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/10/2017
5.98
1.47
133.2
400
73,000
51 J
45
130
0.120
0.18
270
10,100
80J
33,000J
21,000
ND
ND
0.17
0.56
03/20/2018
6.06
3.37
211.6
410
77,000
59 J
6.7
250 J
0.18
0.11
320
29,500
2,000 U
47,000 J
21,000
ND
ND
0.1 U
ND
10/17/2018
5.79
0.66
267.4
250 N
75,000
230
29 N
90.1
0.2 U
0.2 U,D,N
200 D,N
1100.1
2000 U
44,000 J
19,000
830 U
ND
0.54 M3,M5
0.20 U,B
03/19/2019
6.09
2.02
155.8
210
78,000
46 U
46
65 J
0.081
0.10
190
600 U
240.1
17,000 U
22,000
1800 J
NA
0.1 U
0.2 U
10/22/2019
6.11
1.16
193.8
490
75,000
74 HT,J
3.4
110.1
0.020
0.065
47
10,600
1,700 BB,J,B
13000 J
22,000
12,000
ND
0.10 U
0.50 U
03/17/2020
6.08
0.82
174.2
360 N
79,000
51 HT,U
52
94 J
0.11 N
0.093 J,N
280 N
7,110
210 U
19,000 J
28,000
830 U
0.085 U
43 U
120 U
10/12/2020
6.07
1.79
138.4
178
79,000
360
10
92 J
0.075 U
0.12 U
640
3,220
920 J
18,000 J
25,000
830 U
0.053 U
0.45 J
4.8
03/09/2021
5.7
1.79
147.5
133
82,500
190 J
9.2
45 U
0.21 J
0.2 J
470
2,890
2,000
12,000 J
27,300
36,200
0.053 U
0.12 U
7.5
10/20/2021
6.001
1.361
139.61
NAI
81,6001
370
NAI
76.0 U
I NAI
NA
NAI
3,130�71
2,000 HT,U
29,000 J
23,0001
830 U1
NA
NA
NA
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 7 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Table 5
Summary of Applicable Field Parameters and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) Parameters
Notes:
Cas Number: A unique number assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) to all identified parameters
SWS ID: Solid Waste Section Identification Number
pg/L: micrograms per liter
mg/L: milligrams per liter
nM: nanomolar
mv: millivolts
U: A laboratory data qualifier used for parameters not detected at concentrations above the laboratory method detection limit.
2060: Indicates the compound was detected above laboratory method report limits
J: A laboratory data qualifier used for parameters detected at estimated concentrations above the method detection limit but below the laboratory report limit.
J: A qualifier assigned by Altamont to reflect a detected concentration that is greater than laboratory reporting limit but below the Solid Waste Section Limit (SWSL).
2.08*: These results are considered to be unreliable due to pH meter malfunction.
NA: Not analyzed
ND: Compound was analyzed but not detected above the laboratory method detection limit and the method detection limit was not reported in previous groundwater reports.
B: a laboratory data qualifier used for parameters that were detected in the associated laboratory blank at a concentration greater than one half of the reporting limit.
BB: a laboratory data qualifier used to indicate the blank is outside the control limits, but the validity of the data is not affected.
D: a laboratory qualifier indicating that the analyte concentration was determined from a dilution.
M3: a laboratory qualifier indicating that the matrix spike sample recovery was outside laboratory control limits.
M5: a laboratory qualifier indicating that the matrix spike duplicate sample recovery was outside laboratory control limits.
N: a laboratory qualifier indicating the laboratory does not hold NELAP/TNI accreditation for this method or analyte.
HT: a laboratory data qualifier used to indicate the sample was received and analyzed outside of the hold time.
# = sample analyzed in laboratory using EPA Method SM4500, because of field equipment malfunction.
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021 Page 8 of 8
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill January 2022

Figures

X . . . . .
4.
4�
ter,"
J
r
LEGEND: SOURCES:
1. Basernap: USGS Topographic Maps - Greens
C3 Site Parcel Boundary Creek and Whittier 7.5-minute Quadrangles
2. Parcel: Jackson County GIS
0 2,000
Feet
Publish Date: 2021/12/29, 3:19 PM I User: scolquhoun
Filepath: Q.\Jobs\JacksonCounty-NC-1480\Maps\2021\5-yr�_Review\AQ_Fig_l_Five-Year 2021.mxd
kZANCHOR
0 EA
Figure 1
Site Location Map
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

aries from
oximate.
Publish Date: 2022/01/04, 4:27 PM I User: scolquhoun
Filepath: Q:\Jobs\JacksonCounty_NC_1480\Maps\2021\S-yr_Review\AQ_Fig_2_Five_Year_2021_v2.mxd
'�Q_ ANCHOR Figure 2
,1�/-�" QEASite Layout Map
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

CONNOR
WILKEY
WILKEY
\�♦��'
Leachate and landfill gas extraction system continue
ft. .� to remove mass. Landfill gas is burned off using
�•+sz flare system. Leachate extraction has been increasing
•` since 2018 accompanied by increases in total mass removed.
EW-8 -4 EW-6 See Figure 11.
'\�EW-7
EW 5
1 WILKEY
. EW-3R� EW 1R'.•
EW-9
G
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eoeJ<°G EW 2R EW-10 •�'• `♦
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Publish Date: 2022/01/04, 4:29 PM I User: scolquhoun
Filepath: Q:\Jobs\JacksonCounty_NC_1480\Maps\2021\S-yr_Review\AQ_Fig_3_Five_Year_2021.mxd
ANCHOR
OEA
LEGEND:
® Saprolite Monitoring Well
® PWR Monitoring Well
(4 Bedrock Monitoring Well
Leachate/Landfill Gas Extraction Well
Leachate Sample Location and Flow
Equalization Tank
O<21_ Standard -Declining Trends
O>21_ Standard -Declining Trends
>2L Standard -Generally Stable to Declining
Trends
— - Compliance Boundary
--- Edge of Waste
-3110- Generalized GW Flow Direction for Bedrock
Generalized GW Flow Direction for
PWR/Saprolite
Stream
1- Property Boundary
Road
Elevation Contour (20-Foot Interval)
NOTES:
1.Contours, roads, and parcel boundaries from
Jackson County GIS.
2.Monitoring well locations are approximate.
3.Groundwater elevations and flow direction
are updated on a semiannual basis every April
and October following the sample collection
events.
4.Groundwater flow direction based on
groundwater elevations in feet in monitoring
wells MW-01, MW-02, MW-03, MW-04,
MW-05R, MW-06, and MW-07. Direction
calculated based on depth to water measured
on October 19 and 20, 2021.
51ast names of property owners are shown in
parcels that border the landfill property.
6. PWR: Partially Weathered Rock
0
0 200
Feet
Figure 3
Generalized Groundwater Flow Direction and Concentration Trend Relative to Groundwater Standards
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
5
4
�3
c
0
M
c
2
c
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v
1
0 I Q CT'1
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
14
12
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c
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U
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Trichloroethene (TCE)
zee;
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\
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15.0
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5.0
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2.5
2065
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date
Benzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
kZANCHOR
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611M
2077
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2065
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35
30
J
25
c
0
20
c
c 15
0
V
10
5
0
Cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
2079
20.0
2077
17.5
15.0
2075
=
0
0)
12.5
i
2073
v
I=
w
0
-
10.0
'
2071
c
7.5
2069
0
U
5.0
;
2067
i 1
2.5
------------------ - --
2065
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1,4-Dioxane
2079
101
2077
2075
$
�
o
J
2073
>
100�
w
0
2071
3
U
c
0
2069
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10-1
2067
2065
79
77
75
c
0
73 rO
v
w
71
3
c
69 o
67
65
y
Vinyl Chloride
i
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
2079
2077
2075 $
c
0
2073
w
2071
3
2069 0
0
2067
2065
Figure 4
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-01
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

5
4
J
0,
�3
c
0
M
c
2
c
0
U
1
H
14
12
10
c
0 8
c
0 6
c
0
U
4
2
0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Benzene
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
V
---------
i
i
-----------------------
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982 .o
1980 >
LU
1978
1976
1974
O
1972
1970
1968
1966
J 4
c
0
3
c
v
o 2
U
1
0
Trichloroethene (TCE)
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
90 ZU.0 ,
58 17.5
B6
B4 15.0
c � �
B2 .L 01
12.5
M
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78 10.0
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76 0
� U 7.5 ;
74 0 0
OU---------------- T------------- -- -- -----
72 5.0
70
58 2.5 ;
56
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982 .o
1980 v
1978 v
1976 3
1974
O
1972
1970
1968
1966
40
35
30
25
c
0
20
c
c 15
0
U
10
5
0
Cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1990
20.0
1988
17.5
'
1986
;
1984 FS
15.0
1982 .o
0
12.5
1980 v
;
w
O
'
1978
— 10.0
1976 3
v
1974
a 7.5
p
O
U
i
1972
5.0
1970
1968
2.5
---------------------------- ---
1966
0.01
'
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1,4-Dioxane
1990
101
1988
1986
1984
1982 .o
1980 >
10°
w
r
1978
2'
1976
1974 0
U
0
O
U
1972
10-1
1970
1968
1966
84
82 0
M
80 v
w
78
76
74
O
72 0
70
68
66
Vinyl Chloride
iL Y_ ----------
i
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982 .o
1980
1978
1976
1974
0
1972 0
1970
1968
1966
Figure 5
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-02
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

5
4
J
�3
c
0
M
c
2
c
0
U
1
a
14
12
10
c
0 8
M
c
(tj 6
c
0
U
4
2
0
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
i
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
2009
2007
2005 $
2003 0
2001 >)
w
1999 a5
1997
c
1995 0
6
1993
1991
1989
Trichloroethene (TCE)
6
5
J 4
c
0
3
c
v
o 2
U
1 V J \
V
0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
LU.0
2009
2007
17.5
2005
15.0
2003
0
12.5
2001
> >
0)
�
w
o
1999
a5
a
10.0
1997
�
2
c
c
7.5
1995
0
0
U
�7
5.0
1993
1991
2.5
1989
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date
Benzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
2009
2007
2005 $
2003 0
M
2001 v
w
1999 v
1997
c
1995 0
6
1993
1991
1989
40
35
30
25
c
0
20
2
c
a�
c 15
0
U
10
5
0
Cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
2
0.0
2009
2007
17.5
2005
15.0
2003 0
12.5
2001 >
'E�
;
w
0
1999 v
o 10.0
�
1997
c
7.5
1995 o
U
t7
5.0
1993
1991
2.5
'
1989
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1,4-Dioxane
2009
101
2007
2005
$
2003 0
10°
2001 >
w
1999 a,
P
�
1997
c
0
1995 0
U
10-1
1993
1991
1989
09
07
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03 0
01 >
v
w
99 },
97
c
95 0
0
0%
91
89
Vinyl Chloride
2009
2007
2005 $
2003 0
2001
w
1999
1997
c
1995 0
1993
1991
1989
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
Figure 6
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-03
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

Tetrachloroethene (PCE) Trichloroethene (TCE) Cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
5
4
J
�3
c
O
M
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2
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1958
6
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1958
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5.0
2.5
1950
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date
Benzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
1958
40
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2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 202C
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1958
101
1956 $
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>
100
v
�
1954
�
3
c
U
�
C
D
U
rZ
O
O
1952 6
U
10-1
1950
c
O
2 o
6
N
Vinyl Chloride
I-q--------- -------------------
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
1958
1956
c
O
a�
1954
3
C
Z)
O
1952 6
1950
Figure 7
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-04
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

J
a
c
0
c
U
c
0
U
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
5
0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
14
12
10
c
0 8
M
c
0 6
c
0
U
4
2
0
39
37
79
77
Trichloroethene (TCE) Cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
6
5
J 4
c
0
3
c
v
o 2
U
is
I yjbj
LU.0
17.5
1987
15.0
1985
0
.2
12.5
a>i
0)
�
w
o
1983
�
10.0
�
2
c
1981
0
c
0
7.5
0
U
�7
5.0
1979
2.5
1977
0.0
1989
40
35
1987
$
30
1985
0
25
(U
w
O
1983
�
20
�
c
1981
0
c
0
15
O
U
t7
10
1979
5
1977
0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date
Benzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
1989
20.0
i
17.5
i
1987
15.0
1985
0
LD
12.5
v
0)
w
g
1983
10.0
�
c
1981
7.5
O
O
U
t7
5.0
1979
-------------- {----------- - - --
2.5
1977
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1,4-Dioxane
1989
101
1987
1985
0
>
100
v
w
�
O
1983
�
3
c
1981
0
U
0
10-1
1979
1977
37
35
c
O
v
33 w
79
Vinyl Chloride
i
--------------- -------------------------
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
1989
1987
1985 0
a�
w
1983
1981 ZS
0
1979
1977
Figure 8
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-05R
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

5
4
�3
c
O
M
c
2
c
O
U
1
H
14
12
10
c
0 8
M
c
(tj 6
c
0
U
4
2
0
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Trichloroethene (TCE)
cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
2066
6
2066
40
2066
101
2064
2064
2064
35
2062
5
2062
2062
2060 $
2060
$
30
2060 $
4
0) 25
2058
2058
2058 0
10o
>�
°
i
>
°
>
2056 "'
3
------- - ------ --- --- ----- - _.
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20
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2054 3
v
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c
0 2
2052
c 15
0 '
2052
c
0
0
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0
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0
U
2050
2050
0
10
2050 0
10-1
1
2048
2048
5
2048
2046
2046
2046
0
0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Date
LUbb
LU.0
2064
17.5
2062
Y
15.0
2060
J
o
2058
\
12.5
o
w
2056 u
�
10.0
2054
c
7.5
2052 o
U
2050
5.0
2048
2.5
2046
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date
Benzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
2066
20.0
2064
17.5
,
2062
15.0
2060
J
0
2058
12.5
v
g10.0
2056 w
v
2054 3
v
7.5
,
2052 0
U
2050 0
5.0
2048
2.5
-- --- ----------- -- --
2046
0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
1,4-Dioxane
64
62
60
58 0
56
a,
54 3
52
O
50
48
46
Vinyl Chloride
i\\/II
-------------------------
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
2066
2064
2062
2060
0
2058
a�
2056
a�
2054 3
2052
0
2050
2048
2046
Figure 9
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-06
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

Tetrachloroethene (PCE) Trichloroethene (TCE) Cis- 1,2-Dichloroethene
5
4
M
c
2
c
O
U
1
0
14
12
10
c
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0
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3
c
1950
0 15
O
U
0
10
5
1948
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2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date Date
1954
20.0
17.5
15.0
1952
0
.2
12.5
a>i
0)
�
12
10.0
�
c
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1950
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o
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1950
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O
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2.5
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0.0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date Date Date
Benzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1,4-Dioxane
Notes:
1. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 2L groundwater standard.
2. Dashed vertical lines represent the start of leachate extraction
3. Non -detects plotted as an open symbol at the MDL.
4. Data presented is from semiannual sampling events from 2007 to 2021.
Publish Date: 01/03/2022 15:11 PM I User: SYR-SCOL
File Path: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\python\JacksonCounty-GW-Evaluation.py
1954
101
1952 0
>
100
v
w
rZ
O
�
3
c
1950
U
rZ
0
O
U
6
10-1
1948
1952
c
O
1948
Y
Vinyl Chloride
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Date
Constituent Key with 2L Standards
f Tetrachloroethene (PCE) (0.70 µg/L)
Trichloroethene (TCE) (3 µg/L)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (70 µg/L)
f Vinyl Chloride (0.03 µg/L)
f Benzene (1 µg/L)
f 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (6 µg/L)
1,4-Dioxane (3 µg/L)
Groundwater Elevation (ft)
Leachate Extraction Start Date
1954
1952 0
1948
a�
w
Me
Figure 10
Hydrograph and Constituents of Concern vs. Time - MW-07
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landifll

0.35
140,000
0.30
120,000
0.25
I
i
100,000
0.20
80,000
J
\
v7
°
61
—
V
C7
O> 0
0.15
60,000
O c
F— a�
V
C
°
V
0.10
AK 40,000
0.05
20,000
0.00
0
4/1/2012
8/14/2013 12/27/2014 5/10/2016 9/22/2017 2/4/2019 6/18/2020 10/31/2021 3/15/2023
Date
♦Total VOC Concentrations in Leachate Gallons Removed During Reporting Period
Filepath: \\athena\Asheville\Projects\Jackson County`Reports - Groundwater\2021 Corrective Acation Evaluation Report\Figures\Figure 11 Leachate Extraction System Trends.docx
ANCHOR Figure 11
0EA Leachate Extraction System Trends
Five -Year Corrective Action Evaluation Report - 2021
Jackson County Closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

Appendix A
Extraction Well Boring Logs

PROJECT: DILLSBORO
PROJECT NO.: 102997
WELL NO.: Gw 1
DATE INSTALLED: 03/20/04
BACKFILL: 3 FT
BENTONITE: 3 FT
SOLID PIPE: 47 FT
ABOVE: 5 FT
BELOW: 42 FT
BACKFILL MATERIALS: 27 FT
BENTONITE: 3 FT
PERT. PIPE: 25 FT
GRAVEL: 31 FT
BORING DIA.: 36 IN
WELL DEPTH: 69 FT

PROJECT NAME:
DATE DRILLED:
WELL NO:
DILLSBORO
3/20/2004
GW 1
EMCON/OWT, Inc.
PROJECT #:
TOTAL DEPTH
RECOVERY WELL BORING DETAIL
102997
69 FT
DEPTH
COMPOSITION
DEGREE OF
DECOMPOSITION
AMOUNT OF
MOISTURE
COMMENTS
0-2 '
COVERXLAY
NONE
DRY
2=5
COVER/CLAY
NONE
DRY
5-10:.:
COVER/CLAY
SLIGHT
DRY
10-15
HHT/DIRT/CARPET
SLIGHT
DRY
15-20 `
HHT/DIRT/CARPET
SLIGHT
DRY
20=25
HHT/FABRIC
SLIGHT
DRY
25-30 :
HHT/FABRIC
SLIGHT
DRY
30-35
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
35-40
HHT/D
SLIGHT
MOIST
4045.1
HHT/STEEL
MOSTLY
DRY
45-50 '
HHT/STEEL
MOSTLY
DRY
50-55
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
55-60` '
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
i W65
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
65-70 r
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
'70-75 `
75-80
80-85
85-90
90-95
95-100
1004.05
105410
110415
115420
120-125
1251130
4-
f.110-135

DEPTH
BELOW
SLIP
CAP 4 FT
3 FTI------------
44FT1�------------�
SLIP
CAP
u
..• •
WELL ., 102997
DATE)•<,
BACKFILL: 3 FT
BENTONITE: 3 FT
SOLID PIPE: 54 FT
ABOVE: 4 FT
BELOW: SOFT
BACKFILL MATERIALS: 35 FT
BENTONITE: 3 FT
- PERF. PIPE: 30 FT
® GRAVEL: 38 FT'
BORING DIA.: 36 IN
WELL DEPTH: 82 FT
82
®o ®o
3� aN

PROJECT NAME:
DATE DRILLED:
WELL NO:
Shaw
DILLSBORO
3/17/2004
GW 2
EMCON/OWT, Inc.
PROJECT #:
TOTAL DEPTH
RECOVERY WELL BORING DETAIL
102997
82 FT
DEGREE OF
AMOUNT OF
DEPTH
COMPOSITION
DECOMPOSITION
MOISTURE
COMMENTS
0-2
COVER/CLAY
NONE
DRY
2-5
COVER/CLAY
NONE
DRY
5_1.0 `
HHT
SLIGHT
DRY
1045,
HHT/WOOD/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
15-20`.
HHT/WOOD/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
20,725:
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
25=30 :
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
:30=35
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
35-40 :
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
:.40-45
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
45-50:
HHTIDIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
50-55:.
HHT/STEEL
SLIGHT
MOIST
55-60
HHT/STEEL
SLIGHT
MOIST
60765.,
HHT/DIRT
MOSTLY
MOIST
65-70
HHT/DIRT
MOSTLY
MOIST
70-75
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
:. 75-80
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
80-85
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
MOIST
85,'90
'95
95=100
100405
105-110
110-1.15
115-120
120425
125430
130=135

SLIP �
rnn
..• ;,
..OJECT NO
•
INSTALLED,1 1
BACKFILL: 4 FT
BENTONITE: 3 FT
SOLID PIPE: 63 FT
ABOVE: 5 FT
BELOW: 58 FT
BACKFILL MATERIALS: 41 FT
BENTONITE: 3 FT
PERF. PIPE: 3® FT
GRAVEL: 39 FT
BORING DIA.: 3fi IN
WELL DEPTH: 9® FT
J

EMCON/OWT, Inc.
•
RECOVERY WELL BORING DETAIL
DEGREE OF
AMOUNT OF
DEPTH
COMPOSITION
DECOMPOSITION
MOISTURE
COMMENTS
Iwo
COVER/CLAY
NONE
DRY
2 5 =
COVERICLAY
NONE
DRY
51`0
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
�
5
HHT/TIRE
SLIGHT
DRY
52©
HHT/TIRE
SLIGHT
DRY
20 2-a
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
253i}
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
3540
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
445
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
45D==
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
505
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
55 5y0
HHT/DIRT
SLIGHT
DRY
r,&606y5
HHT/DIRT
MOSTLY
MOIST
O
HHT/DIRT
MOSTLY
MOIST
7075
HHT/TIRE/DIRT
MOSTLY
DRY
7580
HHT/TIRE/DIRT
MOSTLY
DRY
0$5=
HHT/DIRT
NONE
DRY
$590
HHT/DIRT
NONE
DRY
9095
95� 100
_
� iQ� 105
105110
1�15y 120}
120 �125^
125�
r0=
�130i�35�.

�
American METHANE GAS EXTRACTION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT
Enviromiiental
1�61�
l
Group Ltd. Site Name: JACKSON COUNTY
Site Location SYLVA NC.
Well No. GW-4
Date Installed 1/5/2005
J013#1-04-093
GEOTEXTILE ISI
2 FT BENTONITI
fie-- SLIP CAP IS 6" SCH 40 PVC
36"
USING IS 6 IN SDR 17 HDPE
.AN ON SITE SOIL
NTONITE HYDRATED
OF SOLID PIPE=20 FT BELOW SURFACE
)N SITE SOIL
BENTONITE HYDRATED
I OF SLOTTED PIPE=38 FT
.ENGTH OF GRAVEL PACK=43 FT
. PACK IS 1 TO 3 IN WASHED RIVER ROCK
� CAF iS o IN SCH 80 PVC
DEPTH OF WELL 60 FEET

American METHANE GAS EXTRACTION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT
Environmentat
Group Ltd. Site Name: JACKSON COUNTY
GEOTEXTILE ISI
2 FT BENTONIT
Site Location SYLVA NC.
Well No. GW-5
Date Installed 1/6/2005
JOB#1-04-093
�s- SLIP CAP IS 6" SCH 40 PVC
36"
USING IS 6 IN SDR 17 HDPE
:AN ON SITE SOIL
NTONITE HYDRATED
OF SOLID PIPE=20 FT BELOW SURFACE
�N SITE SOIL
BENTONITE HYDRATED
I OF SLOTTED PIPE=28 FT
.ENGTH OF GRAVEL PACK=33 FT
_ PACK IS 1 TO 3 IN WASHED RIVER ROCK
�CAPISBWSCH80PVC
DEPTH OF WELL 50 FEET

-. American METHANE GAS EXTRACTION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT
Envirorunental
Group Ltd. Site Name: JACKSON COUNTY
GEOTEXTILE ISI
2 FT BENTONIT
Site Location
Well No,
SYLVA NC.
Date Installed 1/6l2005
JO B#1-04-093
(�a —SLIP CAP IS 6" SCH 40 PVC
36"
USING IS 6 IN SDR 17 HDPE
:AN ON SITE SOIL
NTONITE HYDRATED
OF SOLID PIPE=20 FT BELOW SURFACE
�N SITE SOIL
BENTONITE HYDRATED
PACK EXTENDS 5 FT ABOVE PERFORATED PIPE
I OF SLOTTED 0I173E=18 FT
.ENGTH OF GRAVEL PACK=23 FT
_ PACK IS 1 TO 3 IN WASHED RIVER ROCK
� CAF IS 8 IN SCH 80 PVC
DEPTH OF WELL 40 FEET

American METHANE GAS EXTRACTION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT
Environmental
i
l
Group Ltd. Site Name: JACKSON COUNTY
GEOTEXTILE ISM
2 FT BENTONIT
36"
Site Location SYLVA NC.
Well No. GW-7
Date Installed 116/2M)
JOB#1-04-093
— SLIP CAP IS 6" SCH 40 PVC
aSING IS 6 IN SDR 17 HDPE
:AN ON SITE SOIL
NTONITE HYDRATED
OF SOLID PIPE=20 FT BELOW SURFACE
�N SITE SOIL
BENTONITE HYDRATED
� OF SLOTTED PIPE=18 FT
_ENGTH OF GRAVEL PACK=23 FT
L PACK IS 1 TO 3 IN WASHED RIVER ROCK
MCAPIS8INSCH80PVC
DEPTH OF WELL 40 FEET

American METHANE GAS EXTRACTION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT
Erivironnlental
p Group Ltd, Site Name: JACKSON COUNTY
Site Location SYLVA NC.
Well No. GW-8
Date Installed 1/6/2005
JOB#1-04-093
GEOTEXTILE IS'
2 FT BENTONI7
36"
-- SLIP CAP IS 6" SCH 40 PVC
aSING IS 6 IN SDR 17 HDPE
.AN ON SITE SOIL
NTONITE HYDRATED
OF SOLID PIPE=20 FT BELOW SURFACE
�N SITE SOIL
BENTONITE HYDRATED
_ PACK EXTENDS 5 FT ABOVE PERFORATED PIPE
i OF SLOTTED 0I0E=38 FT
_ENGTH OF GRAVEL PACK=43 FT
L PACK IS 1 TO 3 IN WASHED RIVER ROCK
M CAF IS 8 IN SCH 8C PVC
DEPTH OF WELL 60 FEET

23 j�
Ameriam METHANE GAS EXTRACTION WELL INSTALLATION! REPORT
Enviromuental
i I Group Lid. Site Name: JACKSON COUNTY
GEOTEXTILE ISi
2 FT BENTONIT
36"
Site Location
Well No.
SYLVA NC.
Date Installed 1/5/2005
JOB#1-04-093
SLIP CAP IS 6" SCH 40 PVC
_ CASING IS 6 IN SDR 17 HDPE
CLEAN ON SITE SOIL
BENTONITE HYDRATED
NTH OF SOLID PIPE=20 FT BELOW SURFACE
�N ON SITE SOIL
OF BENTONITE HYDRATED
VEL PACK EXTENDS 5 FT ABOVE PERFORATED PIPE
3TH OF SLOTTED PIPE=48 FT
aL LENGTH OF GRAVEL PACK=53 FT
VEL PACK IS 1 TO 3 IN WASHED RIVER ROCK
TOM CAP IS S IN SCH 80 PVC
AL DEPTH OF WELL 70 FEET