4410_ROSCANS_2007

tI
NCDENR
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIROIJMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
FACILITY COMPLIANCE AUDIT REPORT
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
UNIT TYPE: (check all that apply to this audit with same Permit number)
Lined
LCID
Y\W
Transfer
Compost
SLAS
COUNTY:Haywood
MS\VLF
PERMIT N0.:44-10
Closed
1111 W
White
lncin
T&P
Flory
MS\\'LP
goods
FILE TYPE: COMPLIANCE
CDLF
TireT&P/
Tire
Industrial
DEMO
SDTF
Collection
Monofill
Landfill
Date of Audit:3/27/07
FACILITY NAME AND ADDRESS:
Sunburst Trout Company
128 Raceway Place
Canton, N. C. 28716
Date of Last Audit: 6/6/07
GPS COORDINATES: (Decimal Degrees) N:35.41154 W:082.41154
FACILITY CONTACT NAME AND PHONE NUMBER:
Chris Inman
Telephone: [phone]
FACILITY CONTACT ADDRESS (IF DIFFERENT):
Same as above
AUDIT PARTICIPANTS:
Jim Patterson, NCDENR-Solid Waste Section
Chris Inman, Sunburst Trout Company
STATUS OF PERMIT:
Active- Perniit to operate issued
PURPOSE OF AUDIT:
Inspection of Solid Waste Compost Facility
NOTICE OF VIOLATION(S) (citation and explanation):
NONE
You are hereby advised that, pursuant to N.C.G.S. 130A-22, an administrative penalty of up to $5,000 per day may be assessed for each
violation of the Solid Waste Statute or Regulations. If the violation(s) noted here continue, you may be subject to enforcement actions
including penalties, injunction from operation of a solid waste management facility or a solid waste collection service and any such further
relief as may be necessary to achieve compliance with the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Act and Rules.
STATUS OF PAST NOTED VIOLATIONS (List all noted last audit):
N/A

FACILITY COMPLIANCE AUDIT REPORT
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
Pa(,,c 2 of 2
AREAS OF CONCERN AND COMMENTS:
1. Facility currently operating in a temporary location.
2. A new bin type system is planed for the composting operations. This system will utilize 6 bins in the location of the old
composting area and include a new 30 ft. by 30 ft. covered finish product storage area. Construction of the new facility
is scheduled to begin on April 9.
Please contact me if you have any questions or concerns regarding this audit report.
-Bignature) Phone: [phone]
i Regional Rej)resentative
Distribution: original signed copy to facility -- signed copy to compliance officer — e-mail or copy to super
elivered on _[ Click and type date 1 by hand delivery US Mail tified No. Lj

E2.j
Advanced Composting
TECHNOLOGIES
OPERAMN AND MAINTENANCE FLAN
FOR TROUT WASTE COMPOSTING FACILITY
OWNER: SUNBURST TROUT COMPANY, LLC
OPERATOR: GENERAL MANAGER: MR. CHRIS INMAN
LOCATION:
128 RACEWAY PLACE
CANTON, NC 28716
Telephone (828) - 648 - 3010
n
Cell (828) - 421 - 4957
TYPE OF OPERATION:
TROUT PROCESSING OPERATION
SYSTEM SUPPLIER:
AAVANCED COMPOSTING
TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
1-888-600-3004
AQu ca<lturq l�rocessi Waste compostin sy�i�ms shill b� o�eraie� and
maintained in accordance with the Policyy of }fie NC Dept of Environment
and Natural Resources, Division of Waste znagemenf, Solid Waste
Section. Disposal jlando application) or other disposal shall also be in
accordance with the policy of this Division. Tile address is:
Solid Waste Section
Division of Waste Management
Composting and Land Application Branch
NC Dept. of Environment & Natural Resources
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone]
Attn: Mr. Ted Lyon
Landowner / Operator concurrence:
Date:
Keith Warren Page 1 5/10/2007

Basics of Composting
Composting is a natural biological process of decomposition of organic
materials in a predominantly aerobic environment. Because forced aeration
mechanically moves fresh oxygen -rich air up through the composting pile, evenly
and at pre -determined intervals, optimum aerobic conditions are maintained
throughout the duration of the composting process. Forced aeration removes one
of the limiting factors associated with the traditional static pile composting
process — the lack of oxygen within the pile — and results in maximum breakdown
of the material in a minimum amount of time.
During the process, bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms break down
organic materials to a stable mixture called compost while consuming oxygen
and releasing heat, water, and carbon dioxide (CO2). The finished compost
resembles humus and can be used as a soil amendment. Composting reduces
the volume of the parent materials and pathogens are destroyed if the process is
controlled properly.
All disease -causing organisms are subjected to at least three adverse
conditions during composting: heat, toxicity caused by products of
decomposition, and microbial antagonism. Heat generated in the composting
process is the primary determinant studied as the inactivator of disease -causing
organisms. Heat is also the performance indicator of microbial activity within the
composting pile. An extended period of heat (minimum of 5 consecutive days) in
the desired range (above 140°F) achieved during composting is essential for the
destruction of most pathogens. With proper management, the forced aeration
composting process will produce temperatures consistently higher than the
typical static pile composting pile as noted earlier. Higher temperatures translate
into higher microbial activity, reduced retention time in each bin and better
pathogen reduction. Normal temperatures for forced aeration are typically in the
range of 150°F for 10 or more consecutive days.
The effect of pH and the action of other bacteria and fungi on the
destruction of disease -causing organisms is still largely unknown. Only minimal
research has been done with disease -causing organisms of animals with regard
to the ability of the composting process to destroy them. A recent review of
chemical and microbial hazards to humans from urban waste composting
facilities indicates that the assumption that all disease -causing organisms are
killed by composting may be faulty.
Some important procedures to minimize risk include the following.
Manage the site to prevent contaminated runoff or leachate from
contacting animal housing or vehicles and equipment. Disease -causing
organisms may survive in contaminated leachate for at least several days
and possibly a longer period of time. (Advanced Composting's sloped floor
design combined with a geo-textile filtration material on the floor of each
bin, facilitate better drainage and capture of the excess moisture)_
Prevent rodents and scavenging animals from digging in the pile and
spreading the contaminated material.
Keith Warren Page 2 5/10/2007

o Following recommendations for sawdust covering will provide a
barrier to most pests.
o Fencing may be necessary if proper coverage is not maintained
and animals have gained access.
o Fly infestation problems are minimized with appropriate pile
temperature and sawdust cover over the processing waste.
All living organism require carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and many
other elements to survive. Any requirement that is not met will limit the growth,
reproduction, and ultimate survival of the organism_ Composting is focused on
understanding and meeting the needs of the organisms that are actually doing the
composting, While composting occurs naturally, the process requires proper
conditions to occur rapidly, minimize odor generation, and prevent nuisance
problems. Over 20 controllable factors affect composting. Table 1 lists eight of
those factors and acceptable ranges to aim for when composting. Of these factors,
the four major factors to be controlled in the composting process are the material
mix (nutrient balance), water content, porosity or aeration, and temperature.
Table 1. Guidelines for composting- major factors.
Reasonable Range
Preferred Range
Nutrient balance, C/N
25:1 - 40:1
30:1 -- 35:1
Water Content
45-65% w.b.
50-60% w.b.
Particle Size
0.8-1.2 cm (1/8-1/2 inch)
Depends on Material
Porosity
30-50%
35-45%
Bulk Density
<640 kg/m3 (1100lb/yd')
pH
5.8-9.0
6.5-8.0
Oxygen Concentration
>5%
> 10%
Temperature
(110-1550F)
(130-1500F)
Material Mix (C/N)
The proper composting mixture requires both carbon and nitrogen at the
proper Carbon/Nitrogen ratio. A proper C/N ratio will result in a composting .
process that generates little odor, yet offers an environment where microorganisms
can flourish. Generally an initial C/N ratio that is 25:1 to 40:1 is satisfactory. Most
"compostable" animal materials have a C/N ratio that is too low to compost properly
on their own, usually below 10:1. In order to compost these materials, amendments
that contain high levels of carbon must be added. Plant materials such as wood
chips, sawdust, chopped corn stover or straw have a high C/N ratio and are ideal
fqr on -farm composting. A sample of the trout processing waste recently tested for
C/N ratio came back at 6.7/1. This high level of nitrogen dictates the need for
several volumes of sawdust (or equally high carbon source) in order to obtain the
desired C/N ratio.
Keith Warren Page 3 5/10/2007

Water Content & Porosity
Like all living things, microorganisms need water. To encourage their growth
and rapid composting, water content of the mixture should be 50 to 60% (wet
basis . It is critical to the process that this moisture content be maintained from the
very beginning and throughout the composting process. The forced aeration floor
design compensates for excess moisture by allowing it to leach out of the materials
and drain to the back of each bin, where it is captured and retumed to the process
during the construction of the composting piles. Leachate must be returned to
the composting process prior to PFRP and VAR as stated in section 1406.12.
Once a bin is capped off with sawdust or other carbon source, you must use
only clean water (not leachate) as the source of additional moisture. This
prevents contaminating the processed compost with untreated microbial organisms.
Determining the level of moisture present in each pile is not as complicated
as one might think. Take a small sample (a handful) of material from each pile.
If the mixture feels moist, and when a handful is squeezed only one or two
drops of moisture is released, the mixture has adequate water content. Low
moisture content significantly slows down the composting process. And since this is
a covered facility, adding leachate during the filling stage and clean water only
during the composting process may be needed to avoid process inhibition.
Microorganisms that are encouraged to grow in a compost pile are aerobic,
or require oxygen. Open spaces (porosity) must be maintained to allow air to
penetrate and move through the pile providing oxygen. Approximately 20 to 25% of
the pile volume is anticipated to be small open spaces. This percentage is directly
related to the coarseness of the carbon source. Sawdust is typically very fine
particles of wood and therefore provides less porosity than does a wood
chip. Woodchips, although they provide greater porosity than do sawdust,
they also tend to be only partially composted at the end of the composting
process. .
The addition of forced aeration greatly improves the availability of fresh
oxygen for microbial activity. The rule of thumb for controlling the amount of
aeration in this particular system is to start at 2 min/cycle during the filling process,
increasing to 3 min/cycle about half way through the filling process and once the bin
is completely filled and capped off increasing to 5 min/cycle. A control panel has
been provided to make selecting and directing aeration to the bins extremely
simple. Since each bin is aerated separately, simply switch the On/Off switch to the
"On" position for the bin that you want to provide aeration to, and set the aeration
cycle time for that bin to the desired number of minutes, from two to five. if there is
not a noticeable increase in temperature once the bin is capped off, then increase
the time to six minutes and wait till the following day to look for improved
temperatures. A maximum of six minutes per cycle can be used during the initial
start-up of the composting pile if temperatures are not rising fast enough at five
min/cycle.
Do not hesitate to contact Advanced Composting Technologies, LLC
should temperatures not reach the 140OF level in the first seven days after
capping off a bin.
Keith Warren Page 4 5/10/2007

Temperature
"The typical static pile composting process will generate and regulate its own
temperature, As the pile heats up, warm air within the mixture will rise and
move out of the pile, while fresh air will be drawn in to replace it. This process
exhausts COZ created in the pile, and maintains an aerobic environment for the
microorganisms, "
By forcing fresh air up through the pile, exhausting the CO,,, aerobic
environments can be maintained even in the denser environments. Forced
aeration composting allows the grower to regulate temperature by controlling the
amount of aeration, generating greater microbial activity and therefore higher
processing temperatures.
Since concrete has little insulation value, We recommend at least 6" of
clearance (buffer or insulation) from the fish waste and the concrete wall.
Temperatures measured less than 6" from the wall will reveal a 10 to 20 degree
drop from those further than 6" away from a wall surface,
The NC Dept, of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Waste
Management, Solid Waste Division policy requires a minimum of 131°F for
three consecutive days. With forced aeration composting you should
target a minimum of 10 days above 150OF therefore exceeding the above
mentioned policy. You are required to make the composting operation
available for inspection by -any NCDENR's Officer, All records of material
composted and temperature records must be available as required under
Section 1406.11.
The following figure is a schematic showing the process followed for static
pile composting of processing fish waste material. The bin compost pile is an
inconsistent mixture with multiple layers of material (the processing waste) having a
low C/N ratio, a high moisture content, and very limited porosity surrounded by a
material (the composting medium) with a high C/N ratio, low moisture levels, and
good porosity. The processing waste and the composting medium are layered into
the pile and no mixing is required until after the "first stage" of high microbial
j'i decomposition stage —high temperatures — of composting has occurred. If the
composting material has reached the required 131'F for three consecutive
days and Fias remained above 105°F for the required 14 dais where the
average daily temperature for the period has been above 120°F, then from a
`! regulatory standpoint the material requires no additional composting.
However; in order to produce a more marketable product, we recommend
removing the material from the first stage of composting; mixing and turning the
material, and replacing the composting material into another bin for what is referred
to as second stage composting. In this stage, the partially composted material has
been homogenized and should see a second highly active stage of microbial
activity even though it may not be as hot or last as long as the first stage. This
second stage will also provide additional pathogen reduction and significantly
reduce the amount of time required in storage before the compost reaches maturity.
Keith Warren Page 5 5/10/2007

FISH
WASTE
COMPOSTING MIX
PRIMARY {i !4111
COMPOSTING EJ
� Fi 1Ris�:
RECYCLED COMPOST
SECONDARY I STORAGE
COMPOSTING I USA
Material flow in a typical "processing fish waste composting system" utilizing forced
aeration. Mixing of the carbon and nitrogen sources into a composting medium
and surrounding the waste with the mix is critical in accelerating the composting
process. With fish processing waste, a layering of nitrogen (waste) and carbon
(sawdust) in the first stage may be adequate.
fig
Cross -Sectional View of Composting in a forced aeration bin for fish waste. The layering
process is critical to getting consistent decomposition as fast as possible. Thin layering of
the processing waste surrounded by a drier layer of sawdust allows the process of
decomposition to begin immediately after filling of the bins takes places. This material is not
moved to the second phase or second stage of composting until the material has finished
the first phase of composting where temperatures reach 150OF or greater.
The above figure is a cross section of the compost pile for fish process
materials. The decomposition process in static pile composting typically is
anaerobic (lacking oxygen) in and around the fish waste, which generates odors in
turning. Forced aeration minimizes this anaerobic zone by continually purging CO2
and replacing it with fresh oxygen -rich ambient air. Surrounding the layers of fish
waste with a high carbon source and frequently aerating the compost pile has the
potential to accelerate the decomposition significantly faster than static pile
composting, up to three times faster.
Keith Warren Page 6 5/10/2007

Managing the Composting of Fish Processing Waste
Practices of composting fish waste are very simple. The following is
recommended as a guide for properly operating the composter.
1. After inspecting each aeration tube connection, place the geo-textile fabric
down covering the entire floor of the composting bin. This filter material
allows the compost to drain excess liquids while preventing solids from
clogging the aeration holes and the leachate collection lines. Lay two un-
treated 12' wooden boards down on top of the fabric to serve as guides for
the skid steer's bucket during unloading.
2. Construct a base from sawdust or acceptable carbon amendment at least 6"
thick. This base will filter out liquids that are present in the processing waste.
It also permits air movement and microbial action underneath the first layer
of processing waste. With the sloped floor and filter fabric, excess leachate
will be drained and captured for recirculation back into the next bin that is
being filled or handled separately in a bin designated for handling the
leachate. If liquids begin to leach out of the pile under the front door, spread
sawdust immediately in front of the doors to absorb the liquids.
3. Then place a single layer of process waste on the previous layer of sawdust
or mix and spread evenly across the base. A rake or other long handled tool
may be needed to spread the fish waste evenly out on the sawdust bed. Add
four to six inches of sawdust to the top of each layer of process waste in
order to minimize odors and vectors as well as providing an absorbing layer
for the next addition of waste. After the first layer of processing waste is
added to the bin, turn the control switch for that bin to the "On" position and
set the timing for 2 minutes. This short duration of aeration will also
accelerate the growth of microbes while the bin is being filled.
4. Spray the leachate onto the designated sawdust bin while filling the other
bins and remember to cut the pump off with the switch even though the limit
switch will cut the pump off automatically once the level of leachate drops to
the minimum level. Measure temperatures in this bin when taking
temperature readings from the other bins and document accordingly. (See
leachate management below for detailed instructions)
5. Once the bin is completely filled, cover the pile with at least 6" of pure
sawdust or other carbon -rich source. This cover acts as the Biofilter for odor
control around the pile and insulates the pile to retain heat. Odors may be
released when an inadequate cover is used or when it is too dry. The
released odors may also attract scavenging animals and pests to the pile.
Increase the timing for that bin to the maximum 6 minutes. Add clean water
only from this point in the composting process forward in order to prevent
contaminating the composting material with untreated microbes. The
aeration cycle time can be adjusted down once the material has reached the
desired 150OF processing window.
6. For fish waste, the first stage of composting is generally 25 to 30 days after
the last layer has been placed into the pile but may last longer than that and
Keith Warren Page 7 5/10/2007

should not be moved unless that bin is needed until temperatures begin to
drop below 135'F. After this time the compost is removed from the first
stage bin, placed on the working pad or in front of the storage shed, mixed
and turned and again loaded back into another forced aeration bin for
second stage composting (as explained earlier)_
7. The composting material should be allowed to compost for an additional
time period of 10 to 15 days in this second stage. Follow the same rule of
thumb noted in Step 6 above, namely that the material should stay in second
stage until temperatures begin to drop below 135°F. Should the pile need
additional moisture, use only clean water, and never use leachate after_
the initial filling stage. The secondary pile should then be taken out of the
bin, mixed and turned on the working pad again and placed in the storage
facility for storage of another 30 days. Moving and turning the pile from first
stage to second stage and then to storage breaks up any highly compacted
areas that might remain and mixes the contents of the pile, leading to more
uniformity in the finished compost.
Data Collection and Record Keeping
LOADING:
As the trout processing waste is being mixed and loading into the
composting bins, it is critical that the amount of both components, process waste
and sawdust, is estimated and documented. Based on the original sample of
process waste, which had a C/N ratio of 6.711, a minimum of two volumes of
sawdust will have to be added per volume of process waste. This recipe may have
to be adjusted upward if odor in both the composting process and in the finished
compost is unacceptable. Adding another volume of carbon to the mix will increase
the C/N ratio and reduce odor emissions during composting as well as ammonia
emissions in the finished compost. Weighting each load of process waste and
sawdust brought to the bins is not practical or necessary. A detailed weighing of
one loader bucket (or other primary collection container) full of sawdust and then
process waste once during each quarter can be used to estimate the weight of
these materials during normal production.
Using one Data Collection Sheet (located at the end of this manual) per
composting bin filled meets the state's requirements for documentation of
the volume and weight of process waste moving through the composting
process. Recording the amount of material placed in each bin will also assist
in troubleshooting any process problems that might occur. Keep this data
for each bin of material composted.
Keith Warren Page 8 5/10/2007

TEMPERATURES:
In order to monitor the composting process, it is necessary to monitor the
internal temperatures being generated by the compost pile. Temperatures should
be taken at several places in the pile that represent the entire pile; usually one or
two samples from each of three separate locations; along the back of the bin, in the
middle of the bin and along the front of the bin. Temperature recording can be done
easily with a three ft. stainless steel temperature probe; (1/4 inch probe diameter or
larger is recommended).
From an operational standpoint, monitoring temperatures within the
composting bin indicates the progress of the composting process. These
temperatures need to be taken and recorded at or near the same location from day
to day. Randomly check other places in the pile to verify that the rest of the bin is
progressing along the same levels as those locations that are being monitored and
recorded. These temperatures should be recorded each day that additional
material is being brought to the composting site, typically Monday, Tuesday,
Thursday, and Friday. Temperature records must be kept for each bin in both first
stage and second stage processes. This is absolutely critical in the first several
weeks of the compost process. Take as many samples as necessary to insure that
the pile is reaching temperatures throughout the bin. This can be extremely helpful
in identifying problems that may occur during start-up of each bin. Typically, once
the process is running, checking temperatures and adding moisture is about all that
is required.
From a regulatory standpoint, monitoring and recording temperatures
insures that the process has been performing at or above the required
temperatures in order to reduce the level of pathogens in the finished compost. It
is therefore critical not only from an operational concern but also from a
regulatory requirement that temperatures be taken at least on the four
processing days, currently designated as Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and
Friday. Using the same Data Collection Sheet noted earlier where loading
data was recorded for that bin meets the state's requirements for
documentation of the temperatures for the reduction of pathogens. Again,
temperatures need to be documented for both first and second stages.
SAMPLING and TESTING:
Before the finished compost can be moved off site and every six months
thereafter, either for sale or for land application, a representative sample of the
finished composted material must be tested for the following:
Pathogen Reduction to meet Section 1406.12's requirement for
PFRP. This test will predict the Most Probable Number of Fecal
Coliform per gram of sample. The result must be below 1,100 MPN/g
as tested in accordance with the Test Methods for the Evaluation of
Compost and Composting (TMECC) and the U.S. Composting
Council's Seal of Testing Assurance Program.
Keith Warren Page 9 5/10/2007

Heavy Metals to include Arsenic, Cadmium, Copper, Mercury,
Molybdenum, Nickel, Lead, Selenium, and Zinc, Results will be in
milligrams per kilogram. Sampling should be done on each bin
before it moves to storage by taking several random pint size
samples from the bin, mixing them together, and from the mix, taking
one, pint size sample_ Store the representative bin samples in a clean
5-gallon bucket in cool place until you have accumulated 3 months of
samples. Mix the contents of the bucket several times during the 3
months and again before the final sample is taken from the bucket.
This quart sample should be sent to an approved lab after each three
month period for a Heavy Metals Analysis as noted above.
Inert Materials Test to look for any inert or non-compostable
materials, such as glass, plastic, metals, etc. This test is to be
performed on the same accumulated samples taken and stored for
three months as noted in Heavy Metals. A one gallon sample should
be taken and visually inspected for the above noted materials. Any
thing in the sample that is not organic should be noted on the test.
This visual inspection for inert materials must be documented each
quarter in order to meet the requirements of the Division of Waste
Management.
Land Application of Compost
First and foremost, follow an approved nutrient management plan. Test
compost material for carbon, nitrogen, moisture, and pH if compost fails to reach
the proper temperature or if odor problems develop. The finished compost
material should be periodically tested for constituents that could cause plant
phytotoxicity as the result of application to crops. Compost made from dead
animal or animal pants should be tested for indicator pathogens such as E. coli
and salmonella. The disposal of the compost shall adhere to all federal, state,
and local laws, rules, and regulations. It is the responsibility of the producer to
properly manage the facility on a daily basis.
Pest Management
Animals digging into the compost can be a problem, although it is less
likely in forced aerated concrete bins with tight fitting doors. Measures must be
taken if this occurs to maintain bio-security and a positive public perception. The
easiest way to prevent this from occurring is to maintain the necessary minimum
cover (6 inches sawdust for bins over all process waste.
NEVER ALLOW PROCESSING WASTE TO BE EXPOSED. It may become
necessary to fence or build a structure to eliminate scavengers from the compost
unit if they cannot be kept out. It is easier and cheaper to maintain adequate
cover than to incur the additional cost of a fence or structure. Operation and
management will determine the needs of the system.
Keith Warren Page 10 5/10/2007

Maintenance
Inspect each compost bin unit when it is empty. Semi-annually remove
the geo-textile fabric after unloading and spray from the bottom side through the
material to remove solids trapped on the top side. The geo-textile fabric should
last at least one year if not longer. Inspect the tubes, and the aeration holes.
These holes must be open in order to provide uniform and even distribution of
the aeration. The pipes should last several years before needing to be replaced.
All of the plastic components of the system are common plumbing supplies and
are conveniently carried by most large home improvement retailers.
The regenerative blower is equipped with an inlet filter that should be
cleaned monthly and replaced at least annually. Because there are few moving
parts in the air blower, reliability has been excellent. After five years it is
recommended that the blowers be returned to Advanced Composting for credit
on a refurbished unit. Contact Advanced Composting @ 1-888-600-3004 for
replacement filters and geo-textile fabric.
Patch concrete floors, curbs, or gravel areas as necessary to assure
proper operation and integrity, Examine roofed structures for structural integrity
and leaks. Maintain a dense stand of vegetation around the composting facility
year round.
Contingency Planning
It is critical that you make specific plans for waste disposal in the event of
an emergency. Depending on the type and degree of emergency, there are
several alternatives. There are several situations that must be addressed and a
contingency plan developed so that if and when the situation occurs, the
appropriate responses are already approved and planned for. A list follows that
addresses those situations that can be anticipated:
Situation Response
A Fish Kill "Advanced Composting" has several 40-yard portable
composting containers that can be brought to the facility for
composting during emergency situations. Of the total
number of bins in this particular system, only half of them are
involved in first stage composting. These should not be
disturbed in the event of an emergency. However, those bins
involved in second stage composting of material that has
already undergone a high heat cycle can be moved to the
storage area. This opens up a significant amount of
composting capacity and should be the first line of action in
the event of unusually high processing waste. The storage
building or drystack could be emptied and fish mortalities
covered with sawdust or other carbon source until the
capacity is availablefor composting.
Keith Warren Page 11 5/10/2007

Situation Response
Freezing Weather This situation should not present an emergency due to the
fact that the composting process works well, although a bit
slower, even in cold weather conditions. The leachate lines
are covered sufficiently with dirt to prevent freezing pipes
and the leachate storage tank is below grade. And since the
structure is covered, snow and freezing rain should not
create an adverse situation for the composting operation.
Rain As the composting bins are covered, and any excess
leachate present in the bins will drain to the back of the bins,
rain should not create emergency situations... normally.
However, too much rain that results in flooding could present
an emergency situation.
Flies Flies are typically attacked to a composting pile particularly
if there is animal waste present. This condition can be
minimized by keeping a thin cover of sawdust or other high
carbon source over each layer of fresh processing waste.
Adding leachate back to the new piles before adding the
sawdust cover should also help. Another operational
method of reducing the amount of flies is to pressure -wash
the doors and floors of the composting area. Keeping the
processing area clean also tends to reduce flies.
Odors Odors generated from the composting process can be
minimized in the same way as described for fly control. If
one pile is producing more odors than normal, taking the
material out, mixing it, and returning it to the bin can usually
solve excessive odors. Note that high odors tend to indicate
a problem within the bin and should not be ignored-
Blowers/valves The regenerative blower is a highly reliable and relatively low
maintenance piece of equipment. Advanced Composting
will stock both blowers and valves for easy replacement and
or repair.
Leachate System Cleanouts on both ends of the composting bin structure have
been installed to facilitate cleaning of the leachate collection
line. The leachate tank sump pump was selected because
of its corrosion resistance and extremely reliable
performance. Advanced Composting will also stock spare
leachate sump pumps. Should all else fail, the leachate tank
can be pumped by a local septic tank pumping company.
Keith Warren Page 12 5/10/2007

United States Department of Agriculture
0 N R C S
Natural Resources Conservation Service
Haywood County Soil and Water Conservation District
Kara M. Cassels, District Conservationist
589 Raccoon Road Suite 203
Waynesville, NC 28786-3217
....... ...... ............................_ ._......_...._.._._..._._......._.........._.._...._._.. ....
Client Contact Information Tract #
Richard Jennings, Sunburst Trout Farm Acres:
FSA ft
Howard Tew Recommendations Tyae
Home 9 Cell 8 Work#
Issues/Practice Interest: Compostingfacility acility pre -construction meeting. Howard Tew, Ted Lyon, Skip Thompson, Keith Warren,
Mike Kirchmeyer, Chris Inman, Dick Jennings, Kara Cassels
Date
Activity
9/27/2006
1— Stay a minimum of 5 feet away from chain link fence in all construction
2— Bed the leachate tank will) a minimum of 8 inches of 1/2-3/4 inch washed stone with geotextile fabric filter cloth undemeath.
Install a perforated PVC or polyethylene pipe on top of the geotextile in the washed stone running the long dimension in the
center of the trench. Outlet the pipe on the trout farm side of the tank in a location where it can be easily inspected.
Install an animal guard (nail through center of pipe) on the outlet of the drainpipe.
3- Collect roof runoff on all structures. Convey runoff well away from structures. Do not allow the roof runoff to flow and
mix with runoff from concrete lots. Gutter the stacking facility. With composting facility, will need to trench behind the
building and put washed stone down, with a pipe leading into the stream.
4-Construct a diversion (swale) from the entrance. Access Road berm at the upper end of the site to the (beyond) pine tree at the
lower end. Grade the diversion in such a manner that it can be mowed and maintained easily. All site runoff (except roof
runoff) is to be captured in the diversion as a filter strip. Grade should be a minimum of I ft deep at a 2-4% grade.
Keith Warren Page 13 5/10/2007

[E�'*j
Advanced Composting
TECHNOLOGIES
LOGIES
1-888-600-3004
Notes:
Keith Wan -en Page 14 5/10/2007

COMPOST BIN NUMBER
LOADING DATA
TEMPERATURE
DATA
Day
No.
Date
Est. Total Weight lbs`
Temperature After Full IF
Est.
Process
Waste
Carbon
Source
Sawdust
Total
pounds
Date
Avg.
Back
Temp.
Avg.
Middle
Temp.
Avg.
Front
Temp.
Keith Warren Page 15 5/10/2007