RA-2300_14784_CA_MRP_20141030_FINAL WR Pine State Creamery GWMR

FEDERAL/STATE-LEAD MONITORING REPORT

FORMER PINE STATE CREAMERY and MAINTENANCE GARAGE
410-414 Glenwood Avenue & 401 N. West Street
Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina
W&R Project #02140214.23

Incident No.: 26545 (combined with incident #14784)

Facility ID No’s.:
Incident #26545: Not Assigned
Incident # 14784: 00-0-0000003520

Date of Report: October 30, 2014

UST Owner and Operator
Unknown – Orphan UST

Property Owner (410-414 Glenwood Avenue)
The Creamery Limited Partnership
3901 Barrett Drive, Suite 102, Raleigh, North Carolina 27609

Property Owner (401 N. West Street)
401 N West, LLC
PO Box 20667, Raleigh, North Carolina 27619

Prepared for:
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources -
Federal & State Lead Program
Division of Waste Management -Underground Storage Tank Section
1637 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1637

Prepared by:
Withers & Ravenel, Inc.
115 MacKenan Drive
Cary, North Carolina 27511
[phone]

Discovery Date: December 1998 (TF 26545), August 1994 (TF14784)
Release Quantity: Unknown
Source of Release: UST System(s)
Latitude: 34° 21' 12.42" N
Longitude: 78° 14' 26.65" W

115 MacKenan Drive | Cary, NC 27511 | tel.: [phone] | fax: [phone] | www.withersravenel.com | License No. C-0832

October 30, 2014

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Federal & State Lead Program
Division of Waste Management-Underground Storage Tank Section
1637 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1637

Attn: Mr. Mark Petermann

RE: FEDERAL/STATE-LEAD MONITORING REPORT
Former Pine State Creamery & Maintenance Garage
One 1,000-Gallon UST (Creamery Property)
Two 12,000 Gallon and two 10, 000 Gallon USTs (Maintenance Garage Property)
410-414 Glenwood Avenue & 401 N. West Street
Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina
Groundwater Incident Numbers: 26545 & 14784
W&R Project Number: 02140214.23

Mr. Petermann:

Withers & Ravenel, Inc. (W&R) has completed this Federal/State-Lead Monitoring Report to
document the soil and groundwater assessment activities and receptor survey findings
described in our proposal numbers TA-01, TA-01A, TA-01B and TA-01C for the above
referenced site, which were approved by the Federal & State Lead Program. The enclosed
report summarizes the results of these recently completed activities.

W&R appreciates the opportunity to be of service to the Federal & State Lead Program.
Should you have any questions regarding the attached, please do not hesitate to contact Ty
Colwell at [phone].

Sincerely yours,
WWIITTHHEERRSS && RRAAVVEENNEELL,, IInncc..

Kevin B. Buchanan K. Ty Colwell
Environmental Scientist Senior Project Manager
C. Chan Bryant, P.E.
Vice President – Environmental Services

Table of Contents
Section A. Site Information ................................................................................................ 3
Section B. Executive Summary .......................................................................................... 2
Section C. Site History And Characterization ..................................................................... 5
Section D. Presentation of Current/Comparison to Historical Assessment Information .... 11
Section E. Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................... 17

FIGURES

Figure 1 General Location Map
Figure 2 Site Map
Figure 3 Soil Analytical Results Map– September 2014
Figure 4 Groundwater Analytical Results Map – September 2014
Figure 5 Receptor Map

TABLES

Table B-1 Site History: UST/AST System and Other Release Information
Table B-3 Summary of Soil Sample Analytical Results
Table B-4 Summary of Groundwater Analytical Results
Table B-5 Additional Receptor Information
Table B-7 Monitoring and Remediation Well Construction Information

APPENDICES

Appendix A Laboratory Analytical Report and Chain-of-Custody
Appendix B Pre-Sampling Well Purge Forms/Copy of Field Notes
Appendix C Photographic Documentation
Appendix D Well Construction/Boring Logs
Appendix E Sanborn Maps
Appendix F Historical Maps from Previous Consultants

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Section B. Executive Summary

NOTE: NCDENR Groundwater Incident # 14784 (401 N. West Street) was combined with
the Incident associated with the Pine State Creamery site (#26545), as both were
owned by the Pine State Creamery. The site at 401 N. West Street was the former
location of the Pine State Creamery garage, and reportedly utilized four USTs (one
12,000 gallon gasoline, one 10,000 gallon gasoline, one 12,000 gallon diesel and one
10,000 diesel tanks. Following field assessment activities on the site, W&R obtained
information establishing that LUST Incident #14784 was associated with a release from
one or both of the 12,000 gallon USTs, which were closed by removal on August 29-30,
1994. W&R reviewed this file at the Raleigh Regional Office on October 22, 2014. No
information is available relating to the disposition of the two other USTs (of 10,000
gallon capacities), however, the NCDENR “tblALLTANKS” UST database indicates that
these tanks were closed on July 31, 1990. Based on the NCDENR “tblALLTANKS” UST
database, the site (Incident # 14784) was assigned a low priority ranking of 30D.

For the purposes of identifying the two separate incidents within this report, the former
location of the 1,000 gallon UST (Incident # 26545) will be referred to as “Release Area
#1”, while the former location of the 12,000 and 10,000 gallon USTs will be referred to
as “Release Area # 2”.

1. Maximum Free Product Thickness

Current: None.

2. Maximum Contaminant Concentrations:

Soil Contamination:

Release Area # 1
Data for two soil samples retained in association with this project indicated low levels
of C19-C36 aliphatic and C9-C22 aromatic hydrocarbons in sample WR-6 at levels
beneath the Maximum Soil Contaminant Concentrations (MSCCs).

Release Area # 2
Data for sample WR-9 showed naphthalene at a level of 0.51 kg/kg, which exceeds the
Soil to Water MSCC for the compound.

Groundwater Contamination (Most Recent Sampling Event: September 2014):

Release Area # 1
Analytical data for groundwater samples obtained from monitoring well MW-1 showed
the presence of one or more compounds by EPA Method 625, as well as C9-C18
aliphatic hydrocarbons through the MADEP-VPH/EPH analysis. None of the
compounds detected in these samples were reported at levels exceeding their
respective standard defined by NCAC Title 15A, Subchapter 2L, Section .0202 (2L
Standards). Data for SM6010C (lead) did not show the presence of lead at levels

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above the method detection limit (MDL). Data for groundwater samples obtained from
temporary monitoring wells TW-3 and TW-4 did not indicate any detectable compounds
by SM6200B, EPA-625, SM6010C (lead) or the MADEP-VPH/EPH methods.

Release Area # 2
Analytical data for groundwater samples obtained from monitoring well MW-2 showed
the presence of one or more compounds by EPA Method 625, as well as C9-C18
aliphatic hydrocarbons through the MADEP-VPH/EPH analysis. Samples from MW-2
also showed several compounds by SM-6200B. None of the compounds detected in
these samples were reported at levels exceeding their respective standard defined by
NCAC Title 15A, Subchapter 2L, Section .0202 (2L Standards). Available

3. Extents of Free Product and Dissolved Groundwater Contamination:

Current/Previous Extents of Free Product:
To date, no free product has been measured at either location.

Current Extents of Dissolved Groundwater Contamination:
No compounds were identified at levels exceeding their respective 2L Standards in any
of the groundwater samples obtained by W&R during September 2014. The current
extents of dissolved groundwater contamination have not been defined as W&R
cannot be certain that the permanent and temporary monitoring wells are sited in
appropriate locations relative to source areas and groundwater flow.

4. Remedial Action Plan

No remedial action plan currently exists for the releases.

5. Impacted Receptors

No impacted receptors have been identified to date. W&R conducted a receptor survey
during the recent assessment activities. The mixed commercial/residential use
building on the former Pine State Creamery property (Release Area #1) does have a
partial basement as do the northern and southern adjacent properties. The nearest
receptor was identified as a tributary Pigeon House Branch that is located
approximately 250 feet north of the subject sites. A portion of this tributary is diverted
beneath the subject site approximately 70 feet east of MW-1. No supply wells were
observed within 1,500 feet of the subject sites. The nearest potable supply well was
found to be located approximately 3,500 feet east-southeast of the site near the
intersection of E. Jones & N. Person Streets at the NC Governor’s Mansion.

6. Sampling / Investigation Results

W&R has completed groundwater and soil assessment activities and a receptor survey
at the Former Pine State Creamery properties located at 410-414 Glenwood Avenue and

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401 N. West Street in Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina. The original scope of work
for this project was to include the installation of a soil boring from which to obtain soil
samples, and the installation within the boring of a Type II monitoring well on the
Release Area #1. The initial scope also included the performance of a receptor survey.
Later changes to the original scope included expansion of the type(s) of analyses on
samples, installation of additional borings and well(s), performance of a GPR survey,
research of historical tank locations, acquisition of a Sanborn® report from EDR and a
file review of NCDENR Incident #14784.

Section B.2 provides a summary of the laboratory results associated with sampling
activities conducted at the site.

Based on the results of the monitoring event documented in this report, W&R recommends
the following:

Release Area # 1

 An anomaly detected on the northern portion of the site during the performance of a
GPR survey was identified as a possible UST, and may correspond to the location of a
UST shown on the 1914-1950 Sanborn® Map of the property. If the anomaly is
determined to be a UST, the UST should be removed or closed in place if the
presence of utilities hinders removal. Soil samples should be collected from beneath
the UST for analyses. Based on subsequent work finding no contamination above
State standards, the incident at this site could be closed.

Release Area # 2

 Evaluation of soils surrounding the former location of the pump island, sample PI-1,
and between the pump island and former UST locations where the piping would have
been located.
 Installation of three additional monitoring wells to determine groundwater gradient
direction and on-site extent of groundwater impact. One of these wells to be located
near the former pump island, one well will be placed toward the northwest portion of
the site with the remaining well located along the western side of the deck.

Please see Section F for additional details and information regarding these
recommendations.

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Section C. Site History and Characterization

Withers & Ravenel (W&R) has completed groundwater and soil assessment activities and a
receptor survey for the referenced site(s). The following information summarizes the site
history and characterization.

1. UST Information

The approximate locations of USTs formerly situated on the site (Release Area # 1) and
former Pine State garage to the east (Release Area # 2) are depicted on Figure 2.
Locations of these former tanks are based on historical information (Sanborn® Maps, UST
Closure Reports), as well as information from a file review relating to Incident # 14784.

Release Area # 1
Sanborn® Maps indicated that two (2) USTs were present at the site between 1914 and
1950. A single, 1,000 gallon UST was identified during site construction activities
performed on the site during the fall of 1998. This tank was permanently closed by
removal on December 1, 1998; however, it is unclear whether this UST was one of the two
depicted on the Sanborn® Map reviewed by W&R. Closure of this UST was overseen by
Law Engineering and Environmental Services, Inc. (LAW). The former location of this UST
is depicted on LAW’s UST Removal Location Map, dated December, 1998. A copy of this
map is included in Appendix F. A possible additional UST, located to the north of the tank
closed in 1998 was tentatively identified through the performance of the GPR survey on
the site. This potential UST is located on the northern portion of the site, and roughly
corresponds to the location of the northern tank identified on the Sanborn® Map. Copies
of Sanborn® Maps reviewed for the preparation of this report are included in Appendix E.

Release Area # 2
Four additional USTs (one 12,000 gallon and one 10,000 gallon gasoline and one 12,000
gallon and one 10,000 gallon diesel tanks) were reportedly located on the site referred to
as Release Area # 2. These four tanks were reportedly utilized for the storage of fuels for
used in Pine State vehicles. According to the NCDENR “tblALLTANKS’ spreadsheet, the
two 10,000 gallon tanks were closed in July 1990; however, W&R was unable to obtain any
documentation relating to their closure. The Recommendation of Site for State Lead
Cleanup, prepared by Mr. Mark Powers (NCDENR) on January 16, 2014 includes a printout
of the DWM-UST Facilities Tank Information, which also shows the 10,000 gallon USTs as
having been closed in July 1990. A cover memo attached to the recommendation for State
Lead Cleanup states that the “original file cannot be found”. Following field assessment
activities on the site, W&R obtained information establishing LUST Incident #14784 was
associated with a release from one or both of the 12,000 gallon USTs, which were closed
by removal on August 29-30, 1994. W&R reviewed this file at the Raleigh Regional Office
on October 22, 2014. The two 12,000 gallon tanks were closed by removal in August 1994,
and their removal was documented in the Report of Environmental Services and Removal
of Two Underground Storage Tanks, Mid-Atlantic Associates, P.A. (MAA), September 30,
1994. MAA obtained requisite closure samples at the time, which indicated minor soil
impact in the former UST area, and substantial impact beneath the former pump island.

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W&R could locate no additional information stating whether the release was evaluated
beyond the tank closures.

W&R is unaware of any ASTs on the property, nor were any identified during site activities
performed by W&R. An April 1997 Boundary/Topographic Survey map by Al Prince &
Associates depicts five (5) above ground tanks and two silos, which are assumed to have
been utilized for the storage of milk or milk products. No information relating to the
volume(s) of these tanks is available. These tanks and silos were removed as a
requirement for the Offer to Purchase and Contract dated April 3, 1997.

Table B-1 summarizes information regarding USTs that were formerly utilized on the
properties.

2. Description of Release/General Assessment History

The following summary of the assessment history is based on W&R’s review of historical
files for the subject incident:

Release Area # 1

 1914 – 1950 - Two (2) USTs were located on the site (based on Sanborn® Map
images).
 November 1998 - a single UST of unknown use was identified on the site during
demolition and remodeling activities.
 December 1998 - The UST located during November 1998 was permanently closed by
removal. Data for one of the two soil samples retained at the time of closure
indicated TPH as GRO at a level of 934.9 ppm, and TPH as DRO at a level of 166.6
ppm. The owner of the property at the time stated that he had no knowledge of the
existence or use of the tank,
 January 2014 – The site (along with Incident # 14784) was recommended for State
Lead Cleanup.

Release Area # 2

 February 1976 - Two 10,000 gallon USTs (one gasoline and one diesel) were installed
on the property to the east, at 401 N. West Streeti,1
 February 1982 - Two 12,000 gallon USTs (one gasoline and one diesel) were installed
on the property to the east, at 401 N. West Street,

1 Installation and closure dates for these USTs from the NCDENR “tblALLTANKS” database. Beyond the
NCDENR database, W&R could locate no record(s) of the closure or ultimate disposition of these USTs.

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 July 1990 - The two 10,000 gallon USTs installed on the property to the east in 1976
were reportedly permanently closed; however, no information relating to their
closure can be located,
 August 1994 - The two 12,000 gallon USTs installed on the property to the east in
1982 were permanently closed. Closure activities were overseen by MAA who
obtained closure samples for the removal of the tanks, which indicated minor soil
impact in the former UST area, and substantial impact beneath the former pump
island. W&R could locate no additional information stating whether the release was
evaluated beyond the tank closures. Soils excavated in the performance of UST
closures were stockpiled on the (former) Pine State Creamery property located to the
north of Release Area # 2, on the north side of Tucker Street. This property is
currently owned by The Creamery Limited Partnership, and is bordered to the north
by the former Norwood Oil Company property,
 April 1996 - the NC Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
(NCDEHNR – now NCDENR), conducted a site visit to evaluate the presence of the
stockpiled soils,
 May 1996 – Based on the April 1996 site visit, NCDEHNR issued a Notice of Violation
(NOV) to the Pine State Creamery Company indicating that the stockpile as observed
by NCDEHNR personnel represented a violation of NCGS143-215.1 (Improper Disposal
of a Waste). The NOV also stated that the “stockpile was not properly constructed in
accordance with published Division Guidelines”,
 June 1996 – An NCDEHNR internal memorandum recounted the circumstances under
which the NOV was issued, and recommended actions by the bankruptcy court (as
the property owner had filed for Chapter 11 protection) to allow for disposal of the
soils.2

2 No information beyond the June 1996 NCDEHNR internal memorandum was available for review. An insert in
the incident file states that a “portion of the file” cannot be located. As the soil stockpile no longer exists (as
of October 2014), information regarding its disposition and disposal is likely contained in the missing
documents associated with the incident file.

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3. Brief Description of Site Characteristics

Release Area # 1
The property is located at 410-414 Glenwood Avenue in Raleigh, Wake County, North
Carolina (Figure 1), and is a 2.03 acre parcel (NC PIN 170417007) as depicted on Figure 2.
The site is the former location of the Pine State Creamery, which processed and shipped
milk products for consumer use. Portions of the original creamery building(s) were
demolished in 1998 to facilitate the remodeling of the structure and the installation of
parking areas on the eastern side of the facility. Along the western and southern portion
of the property is a two story block & brick faced structure, partitioned for use by
commercial & consumer oriented businesses, including restaurants, bars, “boutique”
shops, commercial and office spaces. Residential apartments are situated on the second
floor of the structure, primarily in the southern portion of the building. Basements
underlie portions of the structure on site. The site is bordered along the eastern boundary
by the Norfolk Southern Railroad, beyond which lies property also formerly owned by The
Pine State Creamery (Release Area # 2), from which four USTs were removed. The location
is bordered to the north by Tucker Street, beyond which lies a municipal parking deck. To
the west is Glenwood Avenue, beyond which are several restaurant/pubs. The southern
part of the property is bordered by W. North Street, beyond which are additional
restaurants/bars and other commercial properties. The area within which the (on site)
USTs were located is currently a paved asphalt parking area. Buried utilities serving the
site include sanitary sewer, storm sewer, water and natural gas. See Section E for
additional site specific information.

Release Area # 2
The property is located at 401 N. West Street in Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina
(Figure 1), and is a 0.8 acre parcel (NC PIN 1704510011) also shown on Figure 2. The
property is the former location of the maintenance garage utilized by Pine State Creamery,
and housed truck repair, parts and painting bays. The structure located on the property is
generally of the same configuration as that shown on the 1972 Sanborn® Map of the
location, however, the building has been renovated and updated since that time to
accommodate the businesses now operating in the location. The building on site is (at
the northern end of the property) a single story brick structure. Towards the southern end
of the property the building includes a second story. Along the northern end and eastern
portions of the parcel are asphalt paved parking areas. An elevated wood deck touches
the north face of the building servicing the “Still Life” nightclub. This nightclub
encompasses roughly 30 percent of the building on the site, while the remainder of the
building is partitioned for use by commercial & consumer oriented businesses including
“boutique” shops, commercial, and office spaces.

The site is bordered along the western boundary by the Norfolk Southern Railroad, beyond
which lies property also formerly owned by The Pine State Creamery (Release Area # 1),
from which the single UST was removed in December 1998. The location is bordered to
the north by Tucker Street, beyond which lies a parking lot owned by The Creamery Limited
Partnership. Bordering the property to the east is N. West Street, beyond which are
parking areas (directly east) and high-rise residential (to the east and southeast). The
area within which the (on site) USTs were located is currently a paved asphalt parking

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area, over approximately 60 percent of which is an elevated wood deck. Buried utilities
serving the location include sanitary sewer, storm sewer, water and natural gas. See
Section E for additional site specific information.

4. Information on Receptors/Potential Receptors

In September/October 2014, W&R completed a receptor survey for the properties, which
included attempts to identify supply wells and sensitive receptors in proximity to the site.
The extent(s) of contaminant impact have not been defined, and groundwater flow direction
has not been determined.

No supply wells were identified with 1,500 feet if the property. The nearest potable supply
well was found to be located approximately 3,500 feet east-southeast of the site near the
intersection of E. Jones & N. Person Streets at the NC Governor’s Mansion. No information is
available regarding the use of this well. The City of Raleigh provides water to the site and all
surrounding properties within 1,500 feet of the site. No residents, tenants or property
managers for surrounding locations identified the presence or use of private water supply
wells.

As to locations of public assembly, the Haitian Evangelical Community Church is located
approximately 620 feet west-northwest of the Release Area & 1 site, and Wiley Elementary
School approximately 1,300 feet west-southwest. By nature of its use(s), the sites
themselves could be termed as locations of public assembly, as could the numerous
surrounding restaurants, nightclubs and bars.

The City of Raleigh And Wake County Planning Departments identify zoning of the Release
Area # 1 site and surrounding properties as “IND-2” (the location and properties to the
north, east and south), “NB” [properties to the immediate west (Release Area # 2) and
southwest] and “BUS” (properties to the northwest). These zoning uses are more
thoroughly described as:

 IND-2 (Industrial-2) – Zoned for residential institutions including warehousing,
distribution and wholesaling. Other uses include but are not limited to professional,
medical and financial services, hotels, restaurants, bards, nightclubs and shopping.
Residential uses within this zoning are prohibited,
 NB (Neighborhood Business) – These properties are zoned for neighborhood retail
enterprises proximal to residential developments. Common businesses within this
zoning include convenience or retail food stores, restaurants, auto service and
repair, bars, nightclubs and banks. Other uses include but are not limited to
residential, residential institutions, professional, medical and financial services,
parking, hotel and additional uses,
 BUS (Business) – This zoning designation permits intense development in an urban
setting. Residential, retail, warehousing and limited manufacturing are permitted.
Common businesses within this zoning include convenience or retail food stores,
restaurants, auto service and repair, bars, nightclubs and banks. Other uses include
but are not limited to residential, residential institutions, professional, medical and
financial services, parking, hotel and additional uses including places of worship.

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Surrounding properties include a mixture of service oriented businesses (restaurants,
nightclubs, bars, etc.), commercial enterprises (salons, health/wellness businesses), and
“high rise” medium to high density residential properties. Streets surrounding the site are
asphalt paved, with curb and gutter drainage ways. Concrete sidewalks border the streets
running from the curb edges to building face(s). Curb and gutters channel rainfall into curb
and drop inlets located along the street edges. In addition to the Release Area # 1 site,
numerous surrounding properties have basement levels, particularly to the west of the
locations.

As the sites lie within the Piedmont Physiographic Province of the state, recharge of
groundwater to Coastal Plain aquifers has not been evaluated. The North Carolina Division
of Water Resources (NCDWR), Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) does not list any
community supply wells or wellhead protection areas located within at least one mile of the
site.

The nearest surface water bodies in proximity to the site are tributaries to Pigeon House
Branch, which daylights approximately 250 feet north of the site, and an un-named stream
located approximately 1,350 feet west-northwest of the site. A portion of the tributary to
Pigeon House Branch is diverted beneath the subject site approximately 70 feet east of MW-
1. The Pigeon House Branch drains to Crabtree Creek to the north, while the un-named
stream drains to Walnut Creek in the south. Both of these water features lie within the
Neuse River Basin.

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Section D. Presentation of Current/Comparison to Historical Assessment
Information

On September 9, 2014, W&R personnel mobilized to the subject property to install soil
borings and both temporary and permanent monitoring well(s) in an effort to determine
whether soils and groundwater of the site had been impacted by one or more USTs formerly
located on the property. These activities ultimately included the installation of nine (9) soil
borings (WR-1 through WR-9, inclusive), the conversion of two borings to permanent
monitoring wells (MW-1 and MW-2), and conversion of two additional borings to temporary
monitoring wells (TW-3 and TW-4). Soil boring locations were selected based on the results
of the GPR survey performed on both properties. Following field assessment activities on
the site, W&R obtained information establishing LUST Incident # 14784 with a release from
one or both of the 12,000 gallon USTs, which were closed by removal on August 29-30,
1994. W&R reviewed this file at the Raleigh Regional Office on October 22, 2014.
Information concerning the petroleum impacts previously detected around the pump island
was obtained during this file review. Therefore, field assessment activities were limited due
to the lack of analytical information available prior to the file review.

The current site conditions are documented in the photographs that are included in
Appendix C. Figure 2 shows the locations of the borings and monitoring wells. Soil and
groundwater sampling and associated analytical data are discussed in the following
paragraphs.

1 Soil Sampling

Investigative activities included the installation of nine soil borings followed by conversion
of four of those borings to temporary or permanent monitoring wells. These activities were
conducted between September 9 and 11, 2014 by Regional Probing Services (RPS) under the
direction of W&R personnel. Borings were installed and soil samples obtained utilizing a
Geoprobe® Direct Push Technology® (DPT) mobile drill rig, employing Macro-Core® poly-
vinyl-acetate (PVA) sampling sleeves. At each location, the sampling device was driven into
the subsurface obtaining representative soil core samples in four foot sections.

Upon recovery, each sleeve was opened and the soils logged by W&R personnel, including
predominant soil type(s), generalized grain size, moisture content and any other pertinent
information (odors, staining). Representative samples were obtained at 2 foot intervals
within each boring and contained in Ziploc® bags for screening. After allowing sufficient
time for volatilization of vapors within the sample bags, each was screened for volatile
content utilizing a Thermo Environmental Instruments (TEI) Toxic Vapor Analyzer (TVA)
1000B Flame Ionization Detector (FID)/Photoionization Detector (PID) for the presence of
volatile vapors.

Screening of soil samples obtained from each of the borings indicated the presence of
volatile vapors at levels ranging from 0.84 to 410 ppm. After screening soils with the
instrument, two soil samples (WR-6 - obtained from the ultimate location of MW-1, and WR-9
– from the ultimate location of MW-2) were placed into sample containers for analysis by
EPA Methods 8260 (volatile organic compounds or VOCs) and 8270 (semi-volatile organic

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compounds or SVOCs), as well as the Massachusetts Department of Environmental
Protection (MADEP) – Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons (VPH) and Extractable Petroleum
Hydrocarbons (EPH) Methods. Both samples were retained from the 6 to 8 foot horizon
within the borings.

Samples obtained on September 9, 2014 were placed in laboratory grade containers
provided by ESC Lab Sciences (ESC), located in Mt. Juliet, TN. Containers requiring chemical
preservation based on the target analyses were pre-preserved by ESC. Samples were stored
on ice in a cooler pending shipment to the lab for analyses, and logged onto a chain-of-
custody specific to the project which included accurate and correct information regarding
associated samples including sample identification, matrix collection date and time, as well
as requested analyses. These samples were relinquished to the ESC courier on September
10, 2014 for shipment to ESC for analysis.

Release Area # 1
Borings WR-1, WR-2 (converted to TW-3) and WR-3 were placed in locations surrounding a
potential UST identified through the performance of a ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
survey based on Sanborn® Map references to a tank at the location. During the
advancement of these soil borings, a concrete pad was encountered over the location of the
possible UST. Borings WR-4 (ultimately temporary well TW-4) and WR-5 were sited adjacent
to the former UST removed in December 1998 based on the location provided by LAW
Engineering (this was also an area of soil settlement observed during the GPR survey). WR-6
(later converted to MW-1) was located based on the suggested location of the former UST by
the property representative. Olfactory screening of the soil samples revealed petroleum
odors from the soils in boring WR-6. Utilities on this property limited further assessment in
the vicinity of all three possible UST locations.

Release Area # 2
Borings WR-7, WR-8 and WR-9 (ultimately converted to MW-2) were placed on the former
Pine State Creamery property to the east of the site, in the reported area of the two 12,000
gallon USTs removed in 1994. Due to the construction of a deck over the location of the
former USTs and the location of utilities on this portion of the site, the location of the
borings was limited to the northern property line. At the time of the soil assessment, W&R
was not aware of the former pump island located east of the former USTs. Olfactory
screening of the soil samples revealed strong petroleum odors from the soils in boring WR-
9. Furthermore, petroleum odors were observed in the ambient air during installation of
MW-2.

Soils encountered during assessment activities consisted primarily of silt, with varying
occurrences of clay and sand. Weathered rock was encountered at depths between 10 and
12 feet beneath land surface (BLS) in select borings. Saturated soils were encountered
between 8 and 10 feet beneath grade.

Figure 3 depicts the locations of the soil borings performed at the site, as well as the
locations of UST closure samples associated with the 1,000 gallon UST (Release Area # 1)
and the two 12, 000 gallon tanks (Release Area # 2). Soil boring logs are included in
Appendix D.

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Page 13

2 Analytical Results

Release Area # 1
Data for soil samples submitted for laboratory analyses indicated the presence of C19-C36
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons and C9-C22 Aromatic Hydrocarbons by the MADEP-VPH/EPH
Methods in sample WR-6 at levels beneath the Soil to Water MSCCs. No compounds were
indicated in the sample at levels exceeding the method detection limit(s) for EPA-8260 or
8270.

Release Area # 2
Data for WR-9 showed the presence of C9-C18 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by the MADEP-VPH
Method at a level beneath the Soil to Water MSCCs. Data for the EPA-8270 analysis for the
sample showed only naphthalene, present at a level which did exceed the Soil to Water
MSCC for the compound. No volatile compounds were detected in the sample at levels
exceeding the method detection limit(s) for EPA Method 8260.

See Table B-3 for a summary of the analytical results for soil samples. Figure 3 illustrates
the location of the borings and provides a summary of the analytical results, as well as the
locations and results for samples retained in association with tank closures. The complete
laboratory report and chain-of-custody are included in Appendix B.

3 Monitoring Well Installations

Temporary Monitoring Wells

Subsequent to installation of borings WR-2 and WR-4 to a depth of 15 feet BLS, respectively,
these borings were converted to temporary monitoring wells TW-3 and TW-4 on September
11, 2014. Sections of 1-inch diameter Schedule 40 (Sch 40) PVC 0.01-inch slotted screen
was placed into the base of each boring, connected to 1-inch diameter Sch. 40 PVC riser
extending to surface grade with 10 feet of screen. Clean-washed ”torpedo” sand was
introduced into the annular space between the borehole and PVC piping/screen. The sand
was placed in such a way as to extend a minimum of 1 foot above the well screen. A
minimum 6-inch layer of bentonite clay pellets were emplaced over the sand pack.
Following installation the wells were developed with a peristaltic pump utilizing new
polyethylene (PE) tubing. Sampling of the temporary wells was accomplished as outlined in
Section E.3, below.

Following the collection of groundwater samples from TW-3 and TW-4, the wells and other
borings (excepting WR-6 and WR-9) were abandoned through the introduction of neat
cement grout extending from the base of each boring to surface grade.

Permanent Monitoring Wells

Borings WR-6 and WR-9 extended to depths of 15 feet BLS, and monitoring wells MW-1 and
MW-2, respectively, were installed in the bore holes. Each of these wells was constructed
with 10 foot sections of 2-inch diameter Sch. 40 PVC 0.01-inch screen, capped with 5 foot

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Federal/State Lead Monitoring Report October 2014
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sections of Sch. 40 PVC riser. “Torpedo” sand was placed around the screen to
approximately 1 foot above the screen. A minimum 1-foot thick bentonite seal was placed
over the sand pack and hydrated. The remaining annular space was then filled with neat
cement grout to grade. The wellhead was secured with a 2-inch locked expansion plug and
bolt down flush mount manhole stabilized in place by a concrete pad. Following their
installation, the wells were developed with a peristaltic pump utilizing new PE tubing. See
Appendix D for the boring logs and well construction records.

4 Groundwater Monitoring

Monitoring Well Sampling

After measuring depth-to-water within each well, the monitoring wells (both temporary
and permanent) were purged and sampled with a peristaltic pump employing low-flow
sampling procedures. General water quality parameters including pH, oxidation-reduction
potential, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen and temperature were monitored during
the purging process. Readings obtained while purging the wells were recorded on Pre-
Sampling Well Purging forms, copies of which are included in Appendix B. After the
general water quality parameter readings had stabilized, groundwater samples were
decanted directly from the pump tubing into laboratory prepared sample containers
holding appropriate amounts of preservative. The sample containers were labeled with
appropriate and accurate information and stored in an ice-chilled cooler pending
transport to the laboratory. Groundwater samples were retained from monitoring wells
MW-1 and MW-2, and temporary wells TW-3 and TW-4 on September 11, 2014. These
samples were relinquished to ESC under chain-of-custody protocols on the same date.
Samples from the wells were analyzed for VOCs by SM 6200B, SVOCs by EPA Method 625
(base-neutral-acid extractables with the ten largest peaks library search), EDB by EPA
Method 504.1, lead by SM6010C and aromatic and extractable petroleum hydrocarbons by
the MADEP-VPH and EPH Methods. Laboratory analytical reports and chain-of-custody
records for these samples are included in Appendix B.

5 Laboratory Results

Laboratory analytical results for the groundwater samples obtained in association with the
sampling of the wells and temporary wells indicated the following:

Release Area # 1

 No targeted compounds were identified in the samples obtained from MW-1, TW-3 or
TW-4 at levels exceeding the MDL for SM6200B (VOCs), EPA-504.1 (EBD) or SM6010C
(total lead). No compounds were reported in samples from TW-3 or TW-4 at levels
above the MDL for EPA-625,
 Data for EPA-625 analysis of MW-1 indicated the presence of acenaphthene and
fluorine at concentrations beneath their respective 2L Standards. Three compounds
(2,6-dimethyl-heptadecane, 2,3-dihydro-benzo(b)thiophene and
chloroiodomethane) were tentatively identified at estimated concentrations in MW-1.
None of these compounds have listed 2L Standards,

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 MADEP-VPH/EPH – C9-C18 aliphatic hydrocarbons were reported in samples from
MW-1 at a level of 430 µg/l. This level does not exceed the 2L Standard for the
hydrocarbon chains. No other aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons were reported in
samples retained from TW-3 or TW-4.

Release Area # 2

 SM6200B – Several petroleum related compounds were reported in the sample
retained from MW-2. These compounds included n-butylbenzene, ethylbenzene,
Isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
and (total) xylenes. None of the compounds detected in the sample were reported at
levels exceeding their respective 2L Standards,
 EPA-625 – Data for the EPA-625 analysis of groundwater samples obtained from MW-
2 indicated and naphthalene and diethyl-phthalate at levels beneath their respective
2L Standards,
 MADEP-VPH/EPH – C9-C18 aliphatic hydrocarbons were reported in the sample from
MW-2 at a level of 140 µg/l. This level does not exceed the 2L Standard for the
hydrocarbon chains,
 SM6010C (total lead) – Total lead was not reported at a concentration above the MDL
in the sample retained from MW-2.

The groundwater analytical results are summarized in Table B-4 and shown on Figure 4.

6. Geology and Hydrogeology of the Region and Site

The 1985 “Geologic Map of North Carolina” shows the site to lie within the Piedmont
Physiographic Province in an area of metamorphic materials of the Raleigh Belt. These
soils are described as “injected gneiss and schist intruded by numerous sills and dikes of
granite, pegmatite and aplite; minor hornblende gneiss”. Soils encountered during
assessment activities consisted primarily of silt, with varying occurrences of clay and
sand. Weathered rock was encountered at depths between 10 and 12 feet BLS in select
borings. Saturated soils were encountered between 8 and 10 feet BLS.

7. Evaluate Soil, Groundwater, Surface Water, and Free Product Assessment
Information

Release Area # 1
Based on the analytical results from soil and groundwater samples obtained at the site
during September 2014, together with historical data relating to the release at the time of
UST closure, both soil and groundwater contamination exist in the subsurface of the
property. Levels of contaminants detected in soil and groundwater samples obtained
from the location, however, do not indicate individual compounds at levels exceeding
their respective soil MSCCs or groundwater 2L Standards.

An anomaly detected on the northern portion of the site during the performance of a GPR
survey was tentatively identified as a UST, and may correspond to the location of a UST

Former Pine State Creamery & Maintenance Garage, Incident #26545 W&R Project # 02140214.23
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shown on the 1914-1950 Sanborn® Map of the property. Assessment of the soil around
the UST was limited due to the location of utilities.

Release Area # 2
Based on the analytical results from soil and groundwater samples obtained at the
location during September 2014, together with historical information relating to the
release on the property documented in the September 1994 UST closure report, soil and
groundwater contamination exists on the property. Naphthalene was detected in soil
sample WR-9 at a level exceeding the Soil to Water MSCC for the compound. Although
groundwater contaminants detected in MW-2 fell beneath their respective 2L Standards,
W&R believes elevated petroleum contaminants have likely impacted groundwater in the
vicinity of the pump island sample (PI-1) obtained in association with the UST closures
conducted in 1994. Field assessment activities were limited due to the lack of analytical
information concerning Pl-1 available prior to the file review. Therefore, additional
assessment of soil and groundwater conditions at the property are recommended.

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Section E. Conclusions and Recommendations

This report documents the results of soil and groundwater assessment activities and the
results from a receptor survey conducted during September and October 2014 at the former
Pine State Creamery facility (Incident #26545) and the former garage (Incident # 14784)
operated in concert with the Pine State Creamery. Conclusions based on observations,
analytical data and research relating to the properties include the following:

Receptor Survey

 The mixed commercial/residential use building on the former Pine State Creamery
property (Release Area #1) does have a partial basement as do the northern and
southern adjacent properties.
 The nearest potential receptor was identified as a tributary Pigeon House Branch that
is located approximately 250 feet north of the subject sites. A portion of this
tributary is diverted beneath the subject site approximately 70 feet east of MW-1.
 No supply wells were observed within 1,500 feet of the subject sites.

Release Area # 1

 A single 1,000 gallon (orphan) UST was removed from the site in December 1998,
having been discovered during site development activities in November 1998,
 A soil sample retained in association with the UST closure indicated the presence of
TPH as GRO and DRO at levels of 934.9 and 166.6 ppm in samples SS-1 and SS-2,
respectively. Levels of TPH GRO and DRO in both samples were in excess of their
Minimum Reportable Concentrations,
 W&R research of Sanborn® Maps for the site show two USTs present on the property
between 1914 and 1950. W&R believes the southernmost of these tanks is the UST
closed in 1998,
 A GPR survey conducted on September 4, 2014 indicated the possible presence of a
UST located on the northern portion of the property as well as an area of settlement
in the vicinity of where former UST was located,
 W&R directed the installation of six (6) soil borings (WR-1 through WR-6, inclusive)
on the property using a GeoProbe® DPT drill rig,
 Screening of soil samples obtained from the borings showed the presence of volatile
vapors as measured with an FID/OVA at levels ranging from 0.84 to 56.1 ppm,
 Soil samples retained from boring WR-6 submitted for laboratory analysis indicated
the presence of C19-C18 aliphatic and C9-C22 aromatic hydrocarbons by the MADEP-
VPH/EPH methods at levels of 24 and 24 ppm, respectively. These levels do not
exceed the respective Soil to Water MSCCs for the hydrocarbon chains. No
compounds were detected at levels exceeding the MDL for EPA-8260 (VOCs) or EPA-
8270 (SVOCs).
 Two borings, WR-2 and WR-4, were converted to temporary wells TW-3 and TW-4,
respectively, to facilitate collection of groundwater samples. Boring WR-6 was
deepened and converted to permanent monitoring well MW-1,

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 Analytical data for groundwater samples retained from TW-3 and TW-4 did not show
the presence of compounds at levels above the method detection limits for
SM6200B (VOCs), EPA-625 (base-neutral-acid extractables), EPA-504.1 (EDB),
MADEP-VPH/EPH or SM6010C (total lead),
 Data for groundwater samples obtained from MW-1 indicated acenaphthene (3 µg/L)
and fluorine (1.2 µg/L) by EPA Method 625. Levels of the compounds do not exceed
their respective 2L Standards. Three compounds (2,6-dimethyl-heptadecane, 2,3-
dihydro-benzo(b)thiophene and chloroiodomethane) were tentatively identified at
estimated concentrations in MW-1. None of these compounds have listed 2L
Standards. Data for the MADEP-VPH/EPH methods showed C9-C18 aliphatic
hydrocarbons present at a level of 430 µg/L, which falls beneath the 2L Standard for
the hydrocarbon chain. No VOCs or total lead were detected at concentrations above
the MDL for SM62000B or SM6010C, respectively.

Release Area # 2

 Two (2) 10,000 gallon USTs (one gasoline and one diesel fuel) were reportedly
removed from the site during July, 1990. No information is available relating to
specifics of these UST closures including the location(s) or condition(s) of the tanks
upon their removal, or any data for closure samples (if obtained),
 Two (2) 12,000 gallon USTs (one gasoline and one diesel fuel) were removed from
the site during August 1994. Analytical data for soil samples retained from locations
beneath the former USTs showed TPH-GRO at levels ranging from 0.1 to 1.38 ppm,
and TPH-DRO at levels ranging from 1.4 to 24.2 ppm. Data for a single soil sample
obtained beneath the former pump location showed TPH-GRO and DRO at levels of
9,710 and 3,730 ppm, respectively,
 Soils were stockpiled on a property to the north of the location at which the UTS were
removed. Ultimately these soils were removed from the property, however, W&R
cannot locate any record(s) of their disposition,
 W&R directed the installation of three (3) soil borings (WR-7 through WR-9, inclusive)
on the property using a GeoProbe® DPT drill rig,
 Screening of soil samples obtained from the borings showed the presence of volatile
vapors as measured with an FID/OVA at levels ranging from 21.17 to 410 ppm,
 Soil samples retained from boring WR-9 showed naphthalene by EPA Method 8270
at a level of 0.51 ppm. This level exceeds the Soil to Water MSCC for the compound.
Data for the MADEP-VPH/EPH method indicated the presence of C9-C18 aliphatic and
C9-C22 aromatic hydrocarbons at levels of 35.4 and 17 ppm, respectively. These
levels do not exceed the Soil to Water MSCCs. Data for the EPA-8260 analysis did
not indicate the presence of targeted compounds at levels above the method
detection limit,
 Boring WR-9 was deepened and MW-2 was installed at the location. A groundwater
sample obtained from the well showed impact by VOCs at low levels through
SM6200B analysis. Naphthalene and diethyl phthalate were reported in the EPA-625
analysis, and C9-C18 aliphatic hydrocarbons were shown by the MADEP-VPH/EPH
method. No compounds detected by any of these analyses were shown at levels
exceeding their respective 2L Standards. Data for EPA-504.1 (EDB) and SM6010C
(total lead) did not show the presence of these compounds at levels above the

Former Pine State Creamery & Maintenance Garage, Incident #26545 W&R Project # 02140214.23
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Page 19

respective MDLs. Olfactory screening of the soil samples revealed strong petroleum
odors from the soils in boring WR-9. Furthermore, petroleum odors were observed in
the ambient air during installation of MW-2.

Based on the results of the activities documented in this report, W&R recommends the
following:

Release Area # 1

 An anomaly detected on the northern portion of the site during the performance of a
GPR survey was identified as a possible UST, and may correspond to the location of a
UST shown on the 1914-1950 Sanborn® Map of the property. If the anomaly is
determined to be a UST, the UST should be removed or closed in place if the
presence of utilities hinders removal. Soil samples should be collected from beneath
the UST for analyses. Based on subsequent work finding no contamination above
State standards, the incident at this site could be closed.

Release Area # 2

 Evaluation of soils surrounding the former location of the pump island, sample PI-1,
and between the pump island and former UST locations where the piping would have
been located.
 Installation of three additional monitoring wells to determine groundwater gradient
direction and on-site extent of groundwater impact. One of these wells to be located
near the former pump island, one well will be placed toward the northwest portion of
the site with the remaining well located along the western side of the deck.

FIGURES
115 MacKenan Drive Cary, North Carolina 27511 tel: [phone] www.withersravenel.com License No. C-0832
115 MacKenan Drive Cary, North Carolina 27511 tel: [phone] www.withersravenel.com License No. C-0832GRAPHIC SCALE1 inch = 60 ft.60030 60120
115 MacKenan Drive Cary, North Carolina 27511 tel: [phone] www.withersravenel.com License No. C-0832GRAPHIC SCALE1 inch = 30 ft.300153060
115 MacKenan Drive Cary, North Carolina 27511 tel: [phone] www.withersravenel.com License No. C-0832GRAPHIC SCALE1 inch = 30 ft.300153060
115 MacKenan Drive Cary, North Carolina 27511 tel: [phone] www.withersravenel.com License No. C-0832GRAPHIC SCALE1 inch = 30 ft.30015 3060

TABLES
UST ID
Number
Current/Last
Contents*
Previous
Contents*
Capacity
(in gallons)
Construction
Details**
Tank
Dimensions
(diameter x
length) (ft)
Description of
Associated
Piping & Pumps
Date of Tank
Installation
Status of
UST***
Was release
associated with
UST System?
(Y/N)
1 Unknown Unknown 1,000 Not reported 3.8 x 12 Not reported Unknown
Permanently closed by
removal 12/01/98.Yes
2 Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown* Unknown
3**Diesel Fuel Unknown 12,000 Single Walled
Steel Not reported Not reported 2/13/1982 Permanenly closed by
removal 8/30/94 Yes
4**Gasoline Unknown 12,000 Single Walled
Steel Not reported Not reported 2/13/1982 Permanenly closed by
removal 8/30/94 Yes
5**Diesel Fuel Unknown 10,000 Single Walled
Steel Not reported Not reported 2/15/1976 Permanenly closed by
removal 7/31/1990 Yes
6**Gasoline Unknown 10,000 Single Walled
Steel Not reported Not reported 2/15/1976 Permanenly closed by
removal 7/31/1990 Yes
AST ID
Number
Current/Last
Contents*
Previous
Contents*
Capacity
(in gallons)
Construction
Details**
Tank
Dimensions
(diameter x
length) (ft)
Description of
Associated
Piping & Pumps
Date of Tank
Installation
Status of
AST***
Was release
associated with
AST System?
(Y/N)
Incident
Number
Material
Released
Date
of
Release
26545 Unknown Unknown
Notes:
1)W&R is not aware of any ASTs associated with the subject site.
2)
*
**
Table B-1
Site History: UST/AST System & Other Release Information
Former Pine State Creamery
UST # 1 was identified by Clancy & Theys during demolition and construction activities on the site in November 1998. Following its
identification and exposure, all liquids were removed from the tank and it was permanently closed by removal on December 1, 1998.
closure activities were overseen by Law Engineering & Environmental Services, Inc., who retained requisite closure samples beneath
the former UST location. Data for one of two samples collected showed TPH as gasoline (GRO) at a level of 934.9 ppm. Diesel TPH
(DRO) was reported in the same sample at a level of 166.6 ppm. Both GRO and DRO in the sample were in excess of the minimum
Reportable Concentration (RC) in force at the time. UST # 2 was tentatively identified during the performance of a ground penetrating
radar (GPR) survey performed on 9/4/14. Tanks # 3, 4, 5 and 6 were associated with NCDENR Incident # 14784, which was merged
with this incident (#26545). NCDENR files for the release indicate that a soil sample obtained from beneath a dispenser assocaited
with the UST systems contained TPH at a level of 9,700 ppm.
410-414 Glenwood Avenue
Raleigh, Wake County, NC
Incident Number: 26545
Description of Release
W&R is not aware of any ASTs on the property, nor were any identified during site activities performed by W&R. An April 1997 Boundary/Topographic Survey map
by Al Prince & Associates depicts five (5) above ground tanks, however, no information is provided as to their use(s). As Pine State Creamery maintained that they
utilized tanks located to the east-northeast of the site (beyond the Norfolk Southern Railroad) for fueling their vehicles, it is believed that these tanks were utilized for
milk processing, and not storage of fuels.
Information from NCDENR UST Data Base Table. These tanks were originally associated with NCDENR Incident # 14784 (See description of release, above).
UST Information relating to UST #1 "UST Closure Report, Pine State Creamery Orphan Tanks", Law Engineering & Environmental Services, Inc., December 15, 1998.
Ths possible UST was tentatively identified utilizing ground-penetration radar (GPR) on 9/4/14
Page 1 of 1
Gasoline Range Organics - EPA-5030Diesel Range Organics - EPA-3550NaphthaleneC9-C18 Aliphatic HydrocarbonsC19-C36 Aliphatic HydrocarbonsC9-C22 Aromatic Hydrocarbons------91-20-3 --- ------
SS-1 Not Reported 8/30/1998 <0.1 NA NA NA NA NA
SS-2 Not Reported 8/30/1998 <0.1 NA NA NA NA NA
SS-3 Not Reported 8/30/1998 <0.1 NA NA NA NA NA
SS-4 Not Reported 8/30/1998 <0.1 NA NA NA NA NA
SS-5 Not Reported 8/30/1998 <0.1 <0.1 NA NA NA NA
SS-6 Not Reported 8/30/1998 1.38 12.9 NA NA NA NA
SS-7 Not Reported 8/30/1998 1.15 24.2 NA NA NA NA
SS-8 Not Reported 8/30/1998 0.1 1.4 NA NA NA NA
PI-1 Not Reported 9/1/1998 9,710 3,730 NA NA NA NA
SS-1 6.8 12/1/1998 ND ND NA NA NA NA
SS-2 15.3 12/1/1998 934.9 166.6 NA NA NA NA
WR-6 4 - 6 9/9/2014 NA NA <0.36 <7.1 24 24
WR-9 4 - 6 9/9/2014 NA NA 0.51 35.4 <7.8 17
------0.16 540 Immobile 31
------313 1500 31,000 469
------8,176 40,000 810,000 12,264
Notes:
1.) All results provided in mg/kg (milligrams per kilogram) or parts per million
2.) Only those compounds detected in one or more samples are displayed.
See the analytical laboratory report provided in the Appendix for a full list of constituents.
3.) BLS = Below Land Surface
4.) MSCCs = Maximum Soil Contaminant Concentrations
ND = Not Detected
NA = Not Analyzed
NL = Not Listed
Result = Result Exceeds Laboratory Detection Limits
Result = Result Exceeds Minimum Reportable Concentration for Gasoline or Diesel Range TPH
Result = Result Exceeds Soil-to-Water MSCCs
Result = Result Exceeds Residential Soil Cleanup Levels
Sample
Depth
Interval
(feet BLS)
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
TABLE B-3
SUMMARY OF SOIL ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Former Pine State Creamery
Incident Number: 26545
410-414 Glenwood Avenue
Raleigh, Wake County, NC
Soil-to-Water MSCCs
Industrial/ Commercial Soil Cleanup Levels
Residential Soil Cleanup Levels
Analytical Method EPA-625 -
SVOCs MADEP VPH/EPH
Sample
ID
Date
Collected
Calculate SM6010C EPA-504.1
n-ButylbenzeneEthylbenzeneIsopropylbenzenen-Propylbenzene1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene1,3,5-TrimethylbenzeneTotal XyleneAcenaphtheneFluoreneNaphthaleneDiethyl phthalate2,6-dimethyl-Heptadecane2,3-dihydro-Benzo(b)thiopheneChloroiodomethaneTotal LeadEDBC5-C8 Aliphatic HydrocarbonsC9-C18 Aliphatic HydrocarbonsC19-C36 Aliphatic HydrocarbonsC9-C22 Aromatic Hydrocarbons104-51-8 100-41-4 98-82-8 103-65-1 95-63-6 108-67-8 NA 83-32-9 86-73-7 91-20-3 84-66-2 054105-67-8 004565-32-6 000593-71-5 7439-92-1 7439-92-1 NA NA NA NA
MW-1 9/11/2014 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <2.0 3 1.2 <1.0 <3.0 15 J 16 J 11 J <5.0 <0.010 <100 430 <100 380
MW-2 9/11/2014 1 11 1.5 4.6 8.3 2.3 3.4 <1.0 <1.0 2.3 7.9 ND ND ND <5.0 <0.010 <100 140 <100 <100
TW-3 9/11/2014 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <3.0 ND ND ND <5.0 <0.010 <100 <100 <100 <100
TW-4 9/11/2014 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <3.0 ND ND ND 10 <0.010 <100 <100 <100 <100
70 600 70 70 400 400 500 80 300 6 6000 NL NL NL 15 15 400 700 10,000 200
6,900 84,500 25,000 3,000 28,500 25,000 85,500 2,120 990 6,000 NL NL NL NL 15,000 15,000 NL NL NL NL
Notes:
1.) All results provided in ug/L (micrograms per liter) or parts per billion
2.) NC 2L Standard - North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standard as per NC Administrative Code 15A NCAC 02L
3.) GCLs for Groundwater = NCDENR UST Section Gross Contamination Levels for Groundwater
4.) Only those compounds detected in one or more samples are shown hereon.
5.) J Denotes Laboratory Estimated Concentration
ND = Not Detected
NL = Not Listed
Result = Result Exceeds Laboratory Detection Limits
Result = Result Exceeds 2L Standard
Result = Result Exceeds GCL Value
EPA-625 - Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds MADEP VPH/EPH
GCLs for Groundwater
Sample
ID
Date
Collected
Analytical Method SM6200B - Volatile Organic Compounds
Former Pine State Creamery
TABLE B-4
Raleigh, Wake County, NC
Incident Number: 26545
SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER ANALYTICAL RESULTS
NC 2L Standard
410-414 Glenwood Avenue
EPA-625 - Tentatively Identified Compounds
Page 1 of 1
Easting Northing
1 Tributary to Pigeon House Branch N/A N/A Surface Water 250*Downgradient N/A N/A
Notes:
Incident Number: 26545
Distance from
Source Area
(feet)
Location
Relative to
Groundwater
Flow
N/A - Not applicable
* A portion of this tributary is diverted beneath the subject site approximately 70 feet east of MW-1.
Description
TABLE B-5
ADDITIONAL RECEPTOR INFORMATION
Former Pine State Creamery
410-414 Glenwood Avenue
Raleigh, Wake County, NC
Receptor
ID
Location of Significant Points
(NC State Plane NAD 83 Feet)Location Contact
Information Usage
Page 1 of 1
Easting Northing
MW-1 9/11/2014 2 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 7.40 ------2104810.64 741049.39
MW-2 9/11/2014 2 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 7.53 ------2105044.64 741224.59
TW-3 9/11/2014 1 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 9.05 ------2104827.70 741197.26
TW-4 9/11/2014 1 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 9.39 ------2104821.58 741113.49
Depth-to-Water
from
Top-of-Casing
(feet)
Well ID Date Installed
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Screened
Interval
(feet)
Top-of-
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
4.) Monitoring wells MW-4 and MW-5 could not be located and are presumed to have been destroyed.
Total
Depth
(feet)
1.) Well construction information was obtained from previous consultants reports.
3.) NM = Not Measured
Date Water
Level
Measured
2.) W&R could locate no records providing well construction details or top of casing elevations for the wells.
Notes:
TABLE B-7
410-414 Glenwood Avenue
MONITORING & REMEDIATION WELL CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION
Well
Casing
Diameter
(inches)
Free Product
Thickness
(feet)
Incident Number: 26545
Well Coordinates
(NC State Plane NAD 83 Feet)
Well
Casing
Depth
(feet)
Former Pine State Creamery
Raleigh, Wake County, NC
Page 1 of 1
Easting Northing
MW-1 9/11/2014 2 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 7.40 ------2104810.64 741049.39
MW-2 9/11/2014 2 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 7.53 ------2105044.64 741224.59
TW-3 9/11/2014 1 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 9.05 ------2104827.70 741197.26
TW-4 9/11/2014 1 15.0 5 5-15 NM 9/11/2014 9.39 ------2104821.58 741113.49
Depth-to-Water
from
Top-of-Casing
(feet)
Well ID Date Installed
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Screened
Interval
(feet)
Top-of-
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Total
Depth
(feet)
1.) NM = Not Measured
Date Water
Level
Measured
Notes:
TABLE B-7
410-414 Glenwood Avenue
MONITORING & REMEDIATION WELL CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION
Well
Casing
Diameter
(inches)
Free Product
Thickness
(feet)
Incident Number: 26545
Well Coordinates
(NC State Plane NAD 83 Feet)
Well
Casing
Depth
(feet)
Former Pine State Creamery
Raleigh, Wake County, NC
Page 1 of 1

APPENDIX A

LABORATORY ANALYTICAL REPORT AND CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY

Attachment A
List of Analytes with QC Qualifiers
Sample Work Sample Run
Number Group Type Analyte ID Qualifier
________________ ___________ _______ ________________________________________ __________ __________
L721109-01 WG742484 SAMP Chlorodibromomethane R2990507 J4
WG743165 SAMP Benzidine R2990228 J5J
WG743165 SAMP 3,3-Dichlorobenzidine R2990228 J5
WG743165 SAMP 4,6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol R2990228 J5
WG743165 SAMP 2,4-Dinitrophenol R2990228 J5
WG743165 SAMP 4-Nitrophenol R2990228 J5
L721109-02 WG743165 SAMP Benzidine R2990228 J
Page 10 of 31
Attachment B
Explanation of QC Qualifier Codes
Qualifier Meaning
__________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
J (EPA) - Estimated value below the lowest calibration point. Confidence
correlates with concentration.
J4 The associated batch QC was outside the established quality control range
for accuracy.
J5 The sample matrix interfered with the ability to make any accurate
determination; spike value is high
Qualifier Report Information
ESC utilizes sample and result qualifiers as set forth by the EPA Contract Laboratory Program and
as required by most certifying bodies including NELAC. In addition to the EPA qualifiers adopted
by ESC, we have implemented ESC qualifiers to provide more information pertaining to our analytical
results. Each qualifier is designated in the qualifier explanation as either EPA or ESC.
Data qualifiers are intended to provide the ESC client with more detailed information concerning
the potential bias of reported data. Because of the wide range of constituents and variety of
matrices incorporated by most EPA methods,it is common for some compounds to fall outside of
established ranges. These exceptions are evaluated and all reported data is valid and useable
"unless qualified as 'R' (Rejected)."
Definitions
Accuracy - The relationship of the observed value of a known sample to the
true value of a known sample. Represented by percent recovery and
relevant to samples such as: control samples, matrix spike recoveries,
surrogate recoveries, etc.
Precision - The agreement between a set of samples or between duplicate samples.
Relates to how close together the results are and is represented by
Relative Percent Differrence.
Surrogate - Organic compounds that are similar in chemical composition, extraction,
and chromotography to analytes of interest. The surrogates are used to
determine the probable response of the group of analytes that are chem-
ically related to the surrogate compound. Surrogates are added to the
sample and carried through all stages of preparation and analyses.
TIC - Tentatively Identified Compound: Compounds detected in samples that are
not target compounds, internal standards, system monitoring compounds,
or surrogates.
Page 11 of 31
Summary of Remarks For Samples Printed
09/18/14 at 16:59:42
TSR Signing Reports: 350
R5 - Desired TAT
Do not log for QC2MODCN
Sample: L721109-01 Account: WITHRAVS Received: 09/11/14 09:00 Due Date: 09/18/14 00:00 RPT Date: 09/18/14 16:59
Sample: L721109-02 Account: WITHRAVS Received: 09/11/14 09:00 Due Date: 09/18/14 00:00 RPT Date: 09/18/14 16:59
Attachment A
List of Analytes with QC Qualifiers
Sample Work Sample Run
Number Group Type Analyte ID Qualifier
________________ ___________ _______ ________________________________________ __________ __________
L721416-01 WG742939 SAMP 2,5-Dibromotoluene(FID) R2991027 J2
Page 18 of 31
Attachment B
Explanation of QC Qualifier Codes
Qualifier Meaning
__________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
J2 Surrogate recovery limits have been exceeded; values are outside lower
control limits
Qualifier Report Information
ESC utilizes sample and result qualifiers as set forth by the EPA Contract Laboratory Program and
as required by most certifying bodies including NELAC. In addition to the EPA qualifiers adopted
by ESC, we have implemented ESC qualifiers to provide more information pertaining to our analytical
results. Each qualifier is designated in the qualifier explanation as either EPA or ESC.
Data qualifiers are intended to provide the ESC client with more detailed information concerning
the potential bias of reported data. Because of the wide range of constituents and variety of
matrices incorporated by most EPA methods,it is common for some compounds to fall outside of
established ranges. These exceptions are evaluated and all reported data is valid and useable
"unless qualified as 'R' (Rejected)."
Definitions
Accuracy - The relationship of the observed value of a known sample to the
true value of a known sample. Represented by percent recovery and
relevant to samples such as: control samples, matrix spike recoveries,
surrogate recoveries, etc.
Precision - The agreement between a set of samples or between duplicate samples.
Relates to how close together the results are and is represented by
Relative Percent Differrence.
Surrogate - Organic compounds that are similar in chemical composition, extraction,
and chromotography to analytes of interest. The surrogates are used to
determine the probable response of the group of analytes that are chem-
ically related to the surrogate compound. Surrogates are added to the
sample and carried through all stages of preparation and analyses.
TIC - Tentatively Identified Compound: Compounds detected in samples that are
not target compounds, internal standards, system monitoring compounds,
or surrogates.
Page 19 of 31
Client ID:
ESC Sample No:
Client Name:
Matrix:
Tentatively Identified compounds (TIC) refers to substances not present in the list of target compounds.
Therefore, not all TIC's are identified and quantitated using individual standards. TIC listings are
prepared utilizing a computerized library search routine of electron impact mass spectral data and
evaluation of the relevant data by a mass spectral data specialist. Quantitation is accomplished by
relative peak area of the TIC compared to that of the nearest internal standard from the total ion
chromatogram. TIC's are identified and quantitated only if the peak area is 10% or more of that of the
nearest internal standard.
Dilution Factor:
Lab File ID:
Date Analyzed:
Date Collected:
QAQFEST. CONC.RTCOMPOUNDCAS NO.
Concentration units:
Number of TICs Found:
L721416-01
Withers & Ravenel Eng. - Standard
9/11/2014
9/16/2014
WATER
0916_10
1.00
mg/l 3
SEMI-VOLATILES ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS
Laboratory ServicesEnvironmental Science Corp.
MW-1
Project Desc.Pine State Creamerey
Heptadecane, 2,6-dimethyl-054105-67-8 9.63 J 96.000.015
Benzo[b]thiophene, 2,3-dihydro-004565-32-6 7.27 J 94.000.016
Chloroiodomethane000593-71-5 3.28 J 91.000.011
Page 1 of 1SVOC TIC Report
Client ID:
ESC Sample No:
Client Name:
Matrix:
Tentatively Identified compounds (TIC) refers to substances not present in the list of target compounds.
Therefore, not all TIC's are identified and quantitated using individual standards. TIC listings are
prepared utilizing a computerized library search routine of electron impact mass spectral data and
evaluation of the relevant data by a mass spectral data specialist. Quantitation is accomplished by
relative peak area of the TIC compared to that of the nearest internal standard from the total ion
chromatogram. TIC's are identified and quantitated only if the peak area is 10% or more of that of the
nearest internal standard.
Dilution Factor:
Lab File ID:
Date Analyzed:
Date Collected:
QAQFEST. CONC.RTCOMPOUNDCAS NO.
Concentration units:
Number of TICs Found:
L721416-02
Withers & Ravenel Eng. - Standard
9/11/2014
9/16/2014
WATER
0916_30
1.00
0
SEMI-VOLATILES ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS
Laboratory ServicesEnvironmental Science Corp.
MW-2
Project Desc.Pine State Creamerey
Page 1 of 1SVOC TIC Report
Client ID:
ESC Sample No:
Client Name:
Matrix:
Tentatively Identified compounds (TIC) refers to substances not present in the list of target compounds.
Therefore, not all TIC's are identified and quantitated using individual standards. TIC listings are
prepared utilizing a computerized library search routine of electron impact mass spectral data and
evaluation of the relevant data by a mass spectral data specialist. Quantitation is accomplished by
relative peak area of the TIC compared to that of the nearest internal standard from the total ion
chromatogram. TIC's are identified and quantitated only if the peak area is 10% or more of that of the
nearest internal standard.
Dilution Factor:
Lab File ID:
Date Analyzed:
Date Collected:
QAQFEST. CONC.RTCOMPOUNDCAS NO.
Concentration units:
Number of TICs Found:
L721416-03
Withers & Ravenel Eng. - Standard
9/11/2014
9/17/2014
WATER
0916_31
1.00
0
SEMI-VOLATILES ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS
Laboratory ServicesEnvironmental Science Corp.
TW-3
Project Desc.Pine State Creamerey
Page 1 of 1SVOC TIC Report
Client ID:
ESC Sample No:
Client Name:
Matrix:
Tentatively Identified compounds (TIC) refers to substances not present in the list of target compounds.
Therefore, not all TIC's are identified and quantitated using individual standards. TIC listings are
prepared utilizing a computerized library search routine of electron impact mass spectral data and
evaluation of the relevant data by a mass spectral data specialist. Quantitation is accomplished by
relative peak area of the TIC compared to that of the nearest internal standard from the total ion
chromatogram. TIC's are identified and quantitated only if the peak area is 10% or more of that of the
nearest internal standard.
Dilution Factor:
Lab File ID:
Date Analyzed:
Date Collected:
QAQFEST. CONC.RTCOMPOUNDCAS NO.
Concentration units:
Number of TICs Found:
L721416-04
Withers & Ravenel Eng. - Standard
9/11/2014
9/17/2014
WATER
0916_32
1.00
0
SEMI-VOLATILES ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS
Laboratory ServicesEnvironmental Science Corp.
TW-4
Project Desc.Pine State Creamerey
Page 1 of 1SVOC TIC Report

APPENDIX B

PRE-SAMPLING WELL PURGING FORMS/COPY OF FIELD NOTES

APPENDIX C

PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION

Photographic Record

Project Name: Pine State Creamery, Raleigh, NC Project No.: 02140214.23

Frame No. 1

Description: View of the rear parking lot of the Creamery Building (Release Area #1).

Frame No. 2

Description: View of the former Pine State Creamery garage (Release Area #2).
Photographic Record

Project Name: Country Collectibles, Greensboro, NC Project No.: 02140214.02

Frame No. 3

Description: View of northern UST location identified in Sanborn Map and confirmed by
GPR survey.

Frame No. 4

Description: View of monitoring well MW-1 located on the Release Area #1 site.

Photographic Record

Project Name: Country Collectibles, Greensboro, NC Project No.: 02140214.02

Frame No. 5

Description: View of MW-2 located on the Pine State Creamery Garage site.
Frame No. 6

Description: View of location of former pump island on Release Area #2.

APPENDIX D

WELL CONSTRUCTION / BORING LOGS

APPENDIX E

SANBORN MAPS

Certified Sanborn® Map Report
Pine State Creamery
410-414 Glenwood
Raleigh, NC 27603
Inquiry Number: 4033482.1
August 11, 2014
Certified Sanborn® Map Report 8/11/14
Site Name:
Pine State Creamery
410-414 Glenwood
Raleigh, NC 27603
Client Name:
Withers & Ravenel Inc.
111 MacKenan Dr.
Cary, NC 27511
Contact: Patrick FarfourEDR Inquiry # 4033482.1
The Sanborn Library has been searched by EDR and maps covering the target property location as provided by Withers
& Ravenel Inc. were identified for the years listed below. The Sanborn Library is the largest, most complete collection of
fire insurance maps. The collection includes maps from Sanborn, Bromley, Perris & Browne, Hopkins, Barlow, and
others. Only Environmental Data Resources Inc. (EDR) is authorized to grant rights for commercial reproduction of
maps by the Sanborn Library LLC, the copyright holder for the collection. Results can be authenticated by visiting
www.edrnet.com/sanborn.
The Sanborn Library is continually enhanced with newly identified map archives. This report accesses all maps in the
collection as of the day this report was generated.
Certified Sanborn Results:
Site Name:Pine State Creamery
Address:410-414 Glenwood
City, State, Zip:Raleigh, NC 27603
Cross Street:
P.O. #NA
Project:02140214.23
Certification #6E50-4362-9B1C
Library of Congress
University Publications of America
EDR Private Collection
The Sanborn Library LLC Since 1866™
The Sanborn Library includes more than 1.2 million
fire insurance maps from Sanborn, Bromley, Perris &
Browne, Hopkins, Barlow and others which track
historical property usage in approximately 12,000
American cities and towns. Collections searched:
Sanborn® Library search results
Certification # 6E50-4362-9B1C
Maps Provided:
1972
1950
1914
Limited Permission To Make Copies
Withers & Ravenel Inc. (the client) is permitted to make up to FIVE photocopies of this Sanborn Map transmittal and each fire insurance map
accompanying this report solely for the limited use of its customer. No one other than the client is authorized to make copies. Upon request made
directly to an EDR Account Executive, the client may be permitted to make a limited number of additional photocopies. This permission is
conditioned upon compliance by the client, its customer and their agents with EDR's copyright policy; a copy of which is available upon request.
Disclaimer - Copyright and Trademark notice
This Report contains certain information obtained from a variety of public and other sources reasonably available to Environmental Data Resources, Inc. It cannot be
concluded from this Report that coverage information for the target and surrounding properties does not exist from other sources. NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, IS MADE WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION WITH THIS REPORT. ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE
MAKING OF ANY SUCH WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE. ALL
RISK IS ASSUMED BY THE USER. IN NO EVENT SHALL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. BE LIABLE TO ANYONE, WHETHER ARISING OUT OF
ERRORS OR OMISSIONS, NEGLIGENCE, ACCIDENT OR ANY OTHER CAUSE, FOR ANY LOSS OF DAMAGE, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES. ANY LIABILITY ON THE PART OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. IS STRICTLY
LIMITED TO A REFUND OF THE AMOUNT PAID FOR THIS REPORT. Purchaser accepts this Report "AS IS". Any analyses, estimates, ratings, environmental risk
levels or risk codes provided in this Report are provided for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to provide, nor should they be interpreted as providing
any facts regarding, or prediction or forecast of, any environmental risk for any property. Only a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment performed by an
environmental professional can provide information regarding the environmental risk for any property. Additionally, the information provided in this Report is not to be
construed as legal advice.
Copyright 2014 by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any media or format, in whole or in part, of any report or map of
Environmental Data Resources, Inc., or its affiliates, is prohibited without prior written permission.
EDR and its logos (including Sanborn and Sanborn Map) are trademarks of Environmental Data Resources, Inc. or its affiliates. All other trademarks used herein are
the property of their respective owners.
4033482 - 1 page 2
Sanborn Sheet Thumbnails
This Certified Sanborn Map Report is based upon the following Sanborn
Fire Insurance map sheets.
1972 Source Sheets
Volume 1, Sheet 1 Volume 1, Sheet 2 Volume 1, Sheet 51 Volume 1, Sheet 52
1950 Source Sheets
Volume 1, Sheet 51 Volume 1, Sheet 52 Volume 1, Sheet 1 Volume 1, Sheet 2 Volume 1, Sheet xxxx
1914 Source Sheets
Volume 1, Sheet 1 Volume 1, Sheet 2 Volume 1, Sheet 51 Volume 1, Sheet 52 Volume 1, Sheet xxxx
4033482 - 1 page 3
1972 Certified Sanborn Map
6E50-4362-9B1COrder Date:
EDR Inquiry:
Client:
Site Name:
Address:
City, ST, ZIP:
Certification #
Copyright:1972
8/11/2014 8:39:01 PM
4033482.1
Withers & Ravenel Inc.
Pine State Creamery
410-414 Glenwood
Raleigh NC 27603
6E50-4362-9B1C
This Certified Sanborn Map combines the following sheets.
Outlined areas indicate map sheets within the collection.
Volume 1, Sheet 1
Volume 1, Sheet 2
Volume 1, Sheet 51
Volume 1, Sheet 52
0 Feet 150 300 600
4033482 - 1 page 4
1950 Certified Sanborn Map
6E50-4362-9B1COrder Date:
EDR Inquiry:
Client:
Site Name:
Address:
City, ST, ZIP:
Certification #
Copyright:1950
8/11/2014 8:39:01 PM
4033482.1
Withers & Ravenel Inc.
Pine State Creamery
410-414 Glenwood
Raleigh NC 27603
6E50-4362-9B1C
This Certified Sanborn Map combines the following sheets.
Outlined areas indicate map sheets within the collection.
Volume 1, Sheet 51
Volume 1, Sheet 52
Volume 1, Sheet 1
Volume 1, Sheet 2
Volume 1, Sheet xxxx
0 Feet 150 300 600
4033482 - 1 page 5

APPENDIX F

HISTORICAL TABLES AND FIGURES – PREVIOUS CONSULTANTS