9213_RaleighYW_applic_19910701

I
401 i
i
64
� X
U
R►7 a
a. U
0
0
ro a CK
Bus X
i;4
tk
SO��N�
N
PROJECT
R A L E 1 G H POO SITE
/00" RD.
64
g40 i '��►
Ay.
'p0
2S3
50
i O i 2 3
APPROX. SCALE OF MILES
VICINITY MAP

(i & ii) Access to the landfill is restricted to prevent unauthorized entry and
dumping and has a sign posted at the entrance showing the name of the owner, operator,
contact person and emergency number. A gated access will be built connecting the
facility to the New Hope Road Extension for public use. This gate will only be open
when an attendant is present to limit access.
(iii, iv & v) Dust control, litter control and fire protection measures already in
place for the landfill operation will also be available to the yard waste composting
operation as needed. Fire hydrants will be located along the New Hope Road extension
which is shown on the site location map (Appendix A).
E ^ (vi) Strict adherence to the operational plan and maintaining the minimumLI
-
buffer requirements should be adequate to prevent any nuisance odor conditions.
` Windrows will be formed within 48 hours of delivery and formed to proper height and
shape. The entire facility is located within the permitted boundaries of Wilder's Grove
Sanitary Landfill and as such is not situated in a residential or commercial area which
would be sensitive to odors.
(C) Designed capacity of the facility
Records from previous leaf collection seasons (since 1984) were used to project an
estimated volume of approximately 45,000 cubic yards annually. A projected volume
of 50,000 cubic yards was used to design this facility. The site is sized at 11.5 acres
(500' x 1000') as shown in the site plan (Appendix B).
(D) Composting_ time duration
Windrows will be formed within 48 hours of delivery of the leaves to the site. The
windrows will remain in the active compost area for approximately 10-12 months and
will be turned by a front end loader during this time period. Following the active
composting stage, the material will be placed into the final storage and curing area along
4

the southwest perimeter of the site. The material will be allowed to stabilize in the
curing and storage area for at least 30 days. The product with the longest curing or
�i
i storage time will be available for earliest distribution to the public.
(E) Not applicable (not static pile)
(F) Method of aeration and turning frequency
The leaves will be formed into windrow pairs approximately 2 feet apart, with 15-20 feet
between pairs to allow room for equipment access. Each windrow pair will be combined
into one within approximately one month of formation to provide aeration and to
maximize space utilization. Additional aeration for the windrows will be provided within
the following 8-10 months by turning at least once with a front end loader. Final
aeration for the piles will occur during the move of the piles into the curing area.
Additional turning is not planned, but will be scheduled if needed or to accelerate the
composting process.
(G) Not applicable (not in -vessel)
(H) Personnel requirements and responsibilities
Leaves are collected by existing crews under the direction of the City's Street
Maintenance Division. During the leaf collection season (roughly early November
through mid -February), an equipment operator will be available full time at the yard
waste facility to receive and construct windrows. Existing personnel at the landfill
tipping booth will monitor and tabulate quantities of incoming loads of leaves. An
individual will be designated to oversee windrow formation, monitor the piles and overall
site administration. Windrow turning and site maintenance will be performed by
personnel designated by the site administrator as needed. Existing landfill personnel are
available for equipment maintenance, site access control, litter control, etc.

{{ (I) Description of site
The proposed yard waste composting operation will take place at an 11.5 acre site (500'
x 1000') located within the boundaries of the City of Raleigh's Wilders Grove Landfill
(Appendix A shows the area).
At the time of this application, the City is in the process of removing surface material
from the site for use as cover material in daily operations of the sanitary landfill.
Following removal of cover material, the 11.5 acre site will be graded according to the
yard waste composting facility site plan (Appendix B).
Phase 1: Before the start of the leaf collection season (Fall 1991-Winter 1992),
an initial phase (Phase I of the facility) consisting of 2.5 acres at the north end
of the site will be prepared to its final grade (see site plan, Appendix B). Phase
I will accommodate a maximum of 10,000 cubic yards of leaves. In addition to
the 2.5 acres for windrow formation, a 24' wide access road will also be
prepared.
Final Phase: The entire 11.5 acres will be prepared in time for the next leaf
collection season (Fall 1992). The final phase is designed to accommodate up to
50,000 cubic yards of leaves per year. The final phase includes a staging area
of approximately 1/3 acre, a storage and curing area of approximately 2.5 acres,
an access road through the middle of the site, and the remaining area
(approximately 8 acres) for windrows.
Depth to seasonal ground water at the final grade of both phases of the composting
facility will be a minimum of 2 feet. Groundwater elevations were determined by
observation of test pits and soil borings (details provided in Appendix Q. Buffer zones
and drainage controls for Phase I and the final phase are in accordance with .0903(a) -
Siting Requirements, as shown on the site plan (Appendix B).
rl

�.1
(J) Description of composting pa
1 The original surface soils at the site, ranging in coarseness from sand to clayey silt, have
i�
been or will be removed for use as daily cover material for the landfill. Following cover
removal and site preparation, the compost pad will consist of the native material at the
final grade of the site. The native material consists primarily of silty fine sands and
partially decomposed rock with a classification of SM according to the Unifiers Soil
Classification System and is typical of Piedmont geology. Following site preparation,
. a loam or finer textured material will be spread and compacted in a 6 inch layer over the
native material if necessary to ensure proper drainage and equipment access and
maneuverability.
(K) Description of monitoring
Incoming loads of leaves will be monitored during the leaf collection season to ensure
that they are free of contaminants. The site will be monitored daily by the site
administrator or a designated alternate to ensure that the facility is being managed in
accordance with the operational plan. An operational log will be maintained similar to
the example given in Appendix D. The log will enable the site administrator to evaluate
the need for windrow and/or other site maintenance. Operational logs will be retained
for use in preparation of the required annual report to be submitted to the Division.
(L) Sources of waste input (see .0903(b)(3)(A)j
.0903(b)(4) OPERATIONAL PLAN
(A) Explanation of intended daily o oration and maintenance
During the leaf collection season, the collection crews under the direction of the Street
Division will make their rounds and deliver the leaves to the site. When loaded with
7

Y leaves, each truck will pass over the scales at the entrance to the Wilder's Grove
Landfill. Records will be maintained by scale house personnel as to the number of
incoming loads of leaves and their respective weights. Trucks will be directed to the
yard waste composting site, where the drivers will receive further instruction to dump
the leaves in the designated staging area.
Incominglf staging process: The front end loader operator will be on hand full
time during the leaf collection season to form the incoming leaves into windrows. The
operator will inspect the incoming loads for contaminants. If any contaminants are
found, they will be removed from the leaves and stockpiled separately for later disposal.
The moisture of the incoming leaves will be monitored and adjusted as necessary by
wetting before being formed into windrows.
Initial windrow formation: Windrows will be formed in pairs in areas on either
side of the access road. Windrow dimensions will be approximately 12-14 feet wide by
b-S feet high by approximately 200 feet long. Windrow pairs will be formed about 2 feet
apart, with approximately 16-20 feet spacing between windrow pairs. Ample space will
be left around the perimeter of the active composting area to provide front end loader
access and maneuverability.
Windrow pair consolidation: Initial composting activity which occurs during the
first 30 days after windrow formation should result in significant volume reduction. To
adjust for this initial rapid volume reduction, to achieve optimal windrow size and to
provide additional aeration, each windrow pair will be consolidated into one new
windrow of approximately the same dimensions as the original windrows. The
combining process involves moving and turning both piles to maximize mixing and
fluffing of the material. Additional water will be added to the piles at this stage if
necessary as determined by the site administrator. The ensuing process of initial pile
formation and windrow pair consolidation will continue throughout the leaf collection
season until all windrows have been combined into their final configuration. This

process should be completed by mid to late February, depending upon the date of the last
delivery of incoming leaves to the site.
Additional windrow aeration: Following the final windrow configuration, at least
one turning by the front-end loader will take place to provide additional aeration. This
process will begin as early as possible in the Spring (March or April) and continue in
succession until all piles have been turned. The piles are turned in order to exchange the
inner material with the outer material. This mixing technique is intended to move the
top of the existing windrow to the bottom of the windrow being formed, thus mixing the
leaves well during the process. The result will be a new windrow formed in its original
spot, but now the pile has been aerated and the material "fluffed" to promote favorable
conditions for accelerated microbial activity. To prevent compression of the leaves, the
front-end loader operator will avoid pushing the leaves, driving up on the windrows or
pressing them down with the bucket. Instead, the operator will .lift the leaves and let
them cascade into their new location, with final shaping of the windrow to help control
moisture.
Curing and final storage: As decomposition of the leaves proceeds, the material
will become more stable and appear more soil -like. Within 10-11 months of initial
windrow formation, the material should be ready for final curing and storage. At this
stage, the material is transported to the final storage area (see Appendix B). The process
of moving the material to the final storage area provides additional aeration and mixing.
The material will be formed into a large, continuous pile which is allowed to cure for
at least 30 days before being offered to the public. After the curing period, the final
product should be a fairly stable, uniform material which will be an excellent soil
amendment for gardeners and landscapers.
Additional operation and maintenance considerations: The site will be monitored
daily by the front-end loader operator and at least weekly by the site administrator during
the leaf collection season to ensure proper operations and site maintenance. Access
roads, site grading and drainage controls will be monitored and maintained accordingly.
.: _„l
9

(B) Proposed equipment
As discussed above, a front-end loader is the primary heavy equipment to be used in the
operation of the yard waste composting facility. Leaf collection and transport equipment
already exists and is maintained by Raleigh's Street Division. A pumper truck will be
available to the leaf composting facility on an as -needed basis during Phase I to provide
water to the windrows. A City water line will be available to provide water to the
facility in the Final Phase. Additional equipment will be supplied as required from the
landfill equipment.
(C) Person responsible for operation
The landfill supervisor at the City of Raleigh's Wilder's Grove landfill is the designated
person responsible for day to day operations- of the leaf composting facility. Mr. Lynn
Baird, Public Works Director (telephone [phone]), will be responsible for overall
operation of the facility.
(D) Control and inspection of incoming waste
As discusser) in (A) above, the front-end loader operator will be responsible for
inspecting incoming loads of leaves for contaminants. Contaminants will be stockpiled
separately and disposed of in the sanitary landfill as appropriate. Personnel at the scale
house will also be monitoring the incoming loads to ensure that only designated leaf
collection vehicles will be directed to the yard waste composting site.
(E) Method for quantifying incoming -waste
As discussed in (A) above, personnel at the scale house will keep records of incoming
loads of leaves.
10

.I
(F) Vehicle control and unloading
As discussed in (A) above, the incoming leaf trucks will initially be monitored and
directed by scale house personnel. Upon arrival at the yard waste composting site, the
drivers will be directed by the front-end loader operator or other designated site
personnel as to where to unload the leaves. In the final phase, a designated staging area
will be used for unloading.
(G) Method and sequence of processing the waste
See (A) above for discussion of receiving, windrow formation, pile combining, additional
turning for aeration and final curing and storage operations.
(H) Leachate and run-off control measures
All stormwater will be diverted into the riser -barrel type sediment basin located in the
southeast corner of the site, as shown on the site plan (Appendix B) . This basin will
serve to minimize the environmental impact of both erosion and leaching from the
compost piles. Greater}, than minimum required buffers will be maintained to minimize
environmental impact on existing streams. Site grading will be maintained and improved
as necessary to ensure adequate drainage and to prevent ponding.
(1) Description of ultimate use for finished_ product
The finished compost product is intended for use as a soil amendment or mulch. The
product will be made available to the residents of Raleigh for their use in gardening and
landscape projects. The City of Raleigh will also use the product in landscape and
maintenance projects as it sees fit.
11

(J) Plan for disposaldiaposal of any j2oor quality compost product produced
It is not anticipated that any of the finished product will be unsuitable for its intended
use; however, if this should occur, any such material will be removed from the site and
taken to the sanitary landfill for disposal.
MYORTS` ERWrAAL 12

MAP SHOWING SITE LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES

APPENDIX B
SITE PLAN/DETAIL SHEET

I
GEOTECHNICAL DATA

ATEe
Associates, Inc.
`
of North Carpklnp
Corporate Office:
.-.
6814 Davis Circle
ndlanapolls, IN
Raleigh, North Carolina 27612
Offices:
919-782-2632 Raleigh
Atlanta. GA
919-223-3519 Newport
Baltimore, MC
Birmingham. AL
December
2, 1987
Chicago. iL
Cincinnati 0H..
Dallas. iX
Dayton. OH
Denver. CC
P. Wayne. IN
� q �
Gaithersburg, MC
Griffith. IN
City
of Raleigh Public Work Sanitation
u
�°D
Huntsville, AL
Lakeland FL
P.O.
SOX (
4n,I?
�J
Lexington. KY
Longmont, CO
Raleigh,
North Carolina 27609 .
i C
F C i, 87,1,
Louisville, KY
RECEIVED
Montgomery, AL
Nashville, TN
Attn:
Mr. Carlos Aguirre
. Sanitation oI�.
RafeEgh, NC
Raleigh, t,€€ c*
f
�.•
SaISIjL'ry, fVD
Savannah. GA
Sub:
Report of Subsurface Investigation
`t;��,
Toledo. cl
Proposed Landfill Addition
`q.``� ,
Washington, oC
Raleigh, North_ Carolina
Affiliates:
Alexandra, VA
ATEC Job No. 35-73423-
. ........
Cha�iiiiy, VA
Newport News. VA
Norfolk, VA
Gentlemen:
ATEC Associates, Inc. has completed the subsurface investigation for the
proposed landfill addition, located east of Raleigh, North Carolina, near
the intersection of US Highway 64 and New Hope Road. This
i investigation was requested under Purchase Order No. 6518, dated
October 14, 1987. The results of our study include a Boring Location
1 Diagram, Records of Soil Exploration, and details of the site and
subsurface conditions.
FIELD & LABORATORY TESTING
Eight test borings were drilled at .the approximate locations shown on
Drawing No. 1 in the Appendix. These borings were located in the field
by an ATEC engineer using compass and pacing techniques. Elevations
were determined with reference to a temporary benchmark (Elevation
234.51 ft) located in a tree on the site and indicated on Drawing No. I.
The borings were drilled using an all -terrain power drilling rig and
hollow -stem auger drilling procedures. Samples were taken at 2.5 ft
intervals by driving a 1 3/8 inch S.D. Split -Spoon sampler in general
accordance with ASTM D-1586 specifications. Representative portions of
all samples were sealed in glass jars and returned to the ATEC;
laboratory, where they were examined and visually classified in
accordance with the Unified Soil, Classification System by an experienced
geotechnical engineer.
Consulting Geotechn=.cal, Envlronrnentcl & Materials Engineers

I
s3
City of Raleigh
December 2, 1987
Page Two
Details of the subsurface conditions encountered at the various boring
locations are shown on the Records of Soil Exploration in the Appendix.
Also, more generalized subsurface conditions are shown on Drawings Nos.
2 and 3 included in the Appendix. Please note that the various strata
transitions shown in these records and sketches are approximate and
have been estimated based on examination of the boring samples.
Furthermore, variations in subsurface conditions could occur between
the boring locations actually explored.
Laboratory analyses were conducted on representative soil samples to ....... ...........
aid in classification and to determine pertinent engineering properties of
the soils. Several natural moisture content, Atterberg limits, and minus
No. 200 sieve tests were conducted. The results of the laboratory
analyses are included in the Appendix.
SITE AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
The topography of the site is rolling, and there is a maximum relief of
about 85 ft across the site. The greatest relief occurs in the south half
of the site, which is forested with hardwood trees. The north half of
the site has more gentle slopes and is covered with 2 ft to 5 ft of high
�. brush. The southwest corner of the site near Boring B-8 has been
stripped of all trees and topsoil. An existing road is present adjacent
to the western edge of the site and extends to the extreme southern
end of the site. Several other dirt roads were observed to traverse the
_ site somewhat randomly-.
The soils at the site are �silts )and sands )with classifications of MH, ML,
1SC, and SM according to the Unifiie- oil Classification System. The MH
materials were encountered only surficially, and the SC soils were
encountered only in Borings B-4 and B-8, below elevations 203 ft and
209 ft, respectively. The remaining soil types observed in the various
borings were all SM and ML materials distributed randomly throughout
the boring depths. Each boring terminated in a sand stratum which was
either a SM or a SC soil type.

City of Raleigh.
December 2, 1987
Rage Three
The soils encountered in the borings all appear to be residual soils
derived from the weathering of the granitic and gneissic bedrock. With
increasing depth, encountered
as . in Borin s B-2 B--3, B-6, B-7, and B-8 and eventually solid rock will
be ,ftaa1 This type of soil profile is typicalo'einon geology.
GROUNDWATER
Groundwater measurements were made in the borings after sufficient
time was . allowed ...for . stabilization.. of the water -table. Water ---levels in ............
Borings B-3, B-4, and B-5 were measured at depths of 17.5 ft, 21.5 ft,
and 17.0 ft, respectively. Borings B-1, B-2, B-7, and B-8 had caved in,
so that later water readings could not be taken. It should be noted,
however, that a caved condition often indicates that the water table is
near the depth of caving. This situation is likely in Poring B-2, where
the soil below a depth of 23.0 ft was noted to be in a very moist
condition, and in Boring B-8, where the soil below a depth of 13.0 ft
was noted to be in a very wet condition. In addition, because of their
similarity- and their close lateral and vertical proximity, it is believed
that the SC soils in Borings B-4 and B-8 are both part of the same
stratum, and that this stratum is saturated throughout.
The groundwater levels discussed above are based on information
available to us at the time of the writing of this report. Fluctuations
may be anticipated due to changes in seasonal precipitation and surface
drainage.

City of Raleigh
December 2, 1987
Page Four
CLOSURE
ATEC Associates, Inc. appreciates the opportunity to be of service to
you or, this project. If you have any questions regarding this re -port
or any of our other services, please contact this office at your
convenience.
Very truly yours,
...... ....... ... ..........
ATEC ASSOCIATES, INC.
A
Lance Olson
Geotechnical Engineer
..... . ..
?District
D. Woodburn., P , E.~-._.
President
Manager
LRO/JDW/]pg

7 J 9 V_ S l0 G
rt`iP�, �• Av' �+� iT�'F4X`-..�.,: 1 L 1 "tee i.
, , . . K I g Y • I ". -
1 Dpll'��j`2��'`i�f'°
1
\ -
�
aAis
-
�'k.1A.l.f.tl111f fAl A fa ltt If iasthl t4l al�lef% kFa Kt1�ast4`,
.s.KNf i a...tYl.... t'fv rf..... A,IW�1il»A 4.
....'".^ t. y~_-•�� S7 }
_ 27 E3 w t
7
a
r
^ww
\\I \ A
2., L
I l �L �L�'• � 1- � Xi J I
_ : 13 1 .- .�, i.� �� // �1 f
BORING HOLE LOCATION DIAGRAM
( Raleigh Landfill Addition
►J c�2TN Raleigh, North Carolina
SCALE: DRAWN BY: CHECKED BY: DATE:
reduced LO JDW I1--27-87
ATEC Associates, Inc.
VHodn C�Otk)a
4814 Davis Grcle
RoTeiQh.. Ncrth COfclir�O 27612
919-782-2832 Rateigh
919-223-3519 NowparT
r35-734,23
EC1' N0. DPAWINC 147
I

�-� �4tttnSF� fSo.
M� Salt_ -Fyp -
24 s i--r vh c u E
SoJL TYPE
4' j
SOIL BORING SUMMARY { i of 2 ) 1�►1 C�.+ HJ�V4.1 tC3� 6 >i .
an Raleigh Ldfill Addition
g 5814 Doviz Circie
Raleigh, North Carolina RoEoioh. Ncrth Coidna 27612
919-782-28J2 RoEoioh
919-223-3519 Ne�wpo�1
SCALE: DRAWIN BY: - - CHECKED BY: DATE: PROJECT NO. Di2l1i1INC NO.
UW
J 1-2
7-E Y
as noted L( _
I

Zjjg 4
MH
Z$
sm /s
-----
ITC,
Sm
Ll
J
ML.
2
HL
2-
.. 1
m
'Z5
Aj
z
!S r-
�o 0
Tr-r-
;C
110 J.—
ATEC Associates, Inc.
SOIL
BORING
SUMMARY (2 of 2)
Raleigh
Lalidfill Addition
6814 Dovis Cirdo
Raleigh, North Carolina
Poleigh. N<y1h Carobna 27612
919-782-2832 R01691h
919-223-35I9 Nowporl
C-7
SCALE:
SCALE:
--7
DRAWN BY:
CHECKED �BY-- �DATE
CH CKED BY:
DATE:
-7D
FROJFCT No.-j
=35-73423
E�AWING �7
Fas noted
LO
JDW
W
11 -27
11-27�-87
3

FIELD CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SOIL EXPLORATION
I
NON COHESIVE SOILS
(Silt, Sand, Gravel and Combinations)
Densit
Very Loose
- 5 blows/ft. or less
Loose
- 6 to 10 blows/ft.
Medium tense-11 to 30 blows/ft.
Dense
-31 to 50 blows./ft.
j Very Dense
-51 blows/ft. or more
Relative ProAortions
Descriptive Term
Percent
Trace
1 -10
Little
11-20
Some
21-35
And
36-5.9
Consistency
Very Soft
- 3 blows/ft. or less
Soft
- 4 to 5 blows/ft.
Medium Stiff
- 6 to 10 blows/ft.
Stiff
­11 to 15 blows/ft.
Very Stiff
-16 top 30 blows/ft.
Hard
-3.1 blows/ft. or more
Particle Size Identification
Boulders
-8 inch diameter or more
Cobbles
-3 to 8 inch diameter
Gravel
-Coarse
-1 to 3 inch
Medium
-1/2 to 1 inch
Fine
1/4 to 1/2 inch
Sand
.-Coarse
2.00mm to 1/4 inch
(dia. of pencil lead)
Medium
0.42 to 2.04mm
(dia. of broom straw)
Fine
0.074 to 0.42m,m
(Dia. of human hair)
Silt
0.074 to 0.002mm
(Cannot- see particles)
COHESIVESOILS
(Clay, Slit and Combinations)
Plasticity
Degree of
Plasticity
Plasticity
Index
None to slight
0- 4
Slight
5- 7
Medium
8-22
High to Very High over 22
Classification on logs are made by visual inspection of samples.
Standard Penetration Test — Driving a 2.0" O.D., 1-3/8'' I.D., sampler a distance of 1.0 foot into undis-
turbed soil with a 140 pound hammer free falling a distance of 30.0 inches. It is customary for ATEC to
drive the spoon 6.0 inches to seat into undisturbed soil, then perform the test. The number of hammer blows
for seating the spoon and making the test are recorded for each 6.0 inches of penetration on the drill log
(Example — 6/8/9). The standard penetration test result can be obtained by adding the last two figures
(i.e. 8+ 9 = 17 blows/ft.). (ASTM D-1586-67)
Strata Changes •--- In the column "Soil Descriptions" on the drill log the horizontal lines represent strata
changes. A solid line () represents an actually observed change, a dashed line (� ^ _ �) represents
an estimated change.
Ground Water observations were made at the times indicated. Porosity of soil strata, weather conditions,
site topography, etc., may cause changes in the water levels indicated on the logs.
AE{` ASS-00lates Consulting Geosechnical Er Materials Engineer
f

Uni$ic-d Soil Sysfem
Major
divisions
Group
Typical names
Laboratory
classilication criteria
symbol
c
°
GW
Well graded grrrels, grovei•ta.nd
Y O
b (030)2
[u_ 60 4 1 < Ccr < 3
e
little Pr no finet
Q
010 p10 1, 050
IFrnixiurrt,
Poorly graded grartait, gfavei"
w Y
C
w Z
O
o
o
GP
srwd mistures, Milo ar n•
c ••
Not mfelsng ail gradation requ:rrmenis for CsW
�
i LA
a
Z
-
l7
•
$i#! y gravels, gra.tl-$rnd-sill
• c
Alierbarg limits below
"A""A"line
°
GM
- R
"A" line or P. I, Tess
Abort witk
t
�
s
mlxfures
a
.- E
ikon 4
P. E. Lelw+rR 4 and 7
O
•
;
w so
r
«
are Lnrdfriine cases
Ciwywy gravels, gra►el - Sand -clay
Alteri.arg limit% nbnre
v1
•
s
Y n
e
e sn 'A a
I P ... u ..
g ,", a
requiring vSt of
n
o
a
GC
mlakareS
as i v+ M C
''A" line with P. I.
dual %ym►nit
e L L •- a
grealer ikon 7
Q
OK
`s l7 0 a
O
C
2
060 (D30)
C7 -
P
c
°-
a
SW,
Well graded sands, ravwlly
g
a
C = 17 13 b
C = -- > 6 1 < Cc = < 3
N
-
°
sands, little or rev firers
t%lp nt0X060
u
a
a
—
e
>
a`f
`
o a a
!
a
Not matting all gradation requirements for SW
SP
Poorly graded sands, grartily
o
sands, little or no final
a u n
°
w �S
• a
�
Afls:berg limits below
Limits platting in
=
v c
v7 •- P
sl C
q
°� n � X .� n
s
x
SM
Silly sand%, sand sill nslxEures
o
`A" P. or P.1. lrss
hatched xn^e with P.'1,
-
c `
c r " °
ihan 4
helween 4 end 7 are
hordertint caws
Akltr(Sfrg limits aiygve
r E.
,
=_
- -e
requiring the use PI ..
V
°
c
�'�•
Sl.
Clayey sands, erred - clay mixture%
a
ra
•'A" line with P. 1.
d.nl symbvSs
�
gram ar ihan 17
-
r
Inorganic Cilia, very fine sands, to" g y
1. Plat intrrtetlion Pi NE and Li as deiermintd irnm
rML
(lour, silly or clay+y ilna tends or
AliwrLarg Limits tests.
clayey $Ills wick slfgkf plaslicify
rletied aleave A line indicate clay soils, (hose
O
c
below the A line indical■ sill.
O
ri
i
Inorganic Clays of law to medium
d
r
-4
=
C L
Rlaallclty, greraity clays, sandy
70
a
z
c
r
clays, silly clays, lean ciay$
r
-
60
`^
OrganlC slits and arganlC Silly
OL
clays of low yiasilclly
50
o
P-
is
I-norganic silts, micaceous or
_
O
H
dialemacenus line Sandy or
i 40
'KQC ,_
silty sails, elastic silts
a
•,S
v
CH
Inorganic cloys of high
u
30
Z
s.
c n
p#gsficlly, fat cisy%
p
o
v r
OH
Organic civys of Medium, to klgk
-
s
— P
1
v
�Ivsticlty, organic silo
7
a
4
�
0
CH
CL
* ~
1L
C,
-7
MEOO
El
ML v
OL
• z pt Peas and olktr kigkly organic 0 10 20 30 40 SO 50 70 SD 90 10v
Solis Liquid Limit (LL )
O N
Plasticity Chart
C35SE ecc On S]45feri'1
ASTM Dezignation D - 2487
�. of H�r$1 Corogma
6814 Dovis Circle
RokABh North Carollno 27612
919-782-2832 I7ok4ah
919-223-3519 Newport

Al t:Q; A.SSOCIaTeS, Inc.
v
Poloz North Ccrcana 27612
914.7b2-?632 Raieiph
914.223-35t9 Y,Law�t
RECORD OF
501L EXPLORATION
cLtEr�r City Of Raleigh
�tAOJECTNAI4E Raleigh Landfill 1 10i1 JOBNO. 35-73423
f RO.}ECT LOCATI0N HODe Rd Raleigh, NC STATION
s` tSORINO METHOD NSA
SPT FOREMAN
ATE 11-2-87
•'
ROCK CORE OIA,
SH£L6YTUDEO.D, in.
Z
b
A
INSPECTOR
ti
�2
��
s
5
T
a
c
�
r
BORING & SAMPLING
MOTES
SOIL CLASSIFICATION �
LURFA.CE ELEVATION —
Mottled -reddish brown & white &
black, moist, medium dense salty
fine to medium SAND (SM)
1
6
10-15
16
7
... .........
5.5
5
2
11-17
18
.........
......... ......... ........ ... .... .....
.0
Reddish brown, moist very stiff,
micaceous SILT (ML)
9
13-17
16
3
Light brown, slightly moist to
5
moist, medium dense, silty fine
to coarse SAND (SM)
I0
4
5--6
16
6
Cave --in at 11.0 ft.
5
7-7
14
7
5
6
9-11
0
7
17.5
7
9-12
12
-;Auger refusal at 17.5 ft.
--t
-
r
BORING METHOD
H5A — HOLLOW STEM ANGER
CFA— CONTINUOUS FlIGHTAUGER
DC - ORIVEN CASING
MD -- MUD DRILLING
� ac - r�aer conlNG
GROU€ 0 WATER THESE 5HELBY TUBE SAMPLES O8T.A;N:0 IN
'�7 NOTED ON AOOS FT.
BORING ORILL.`D R 7xW
'q7 AT COMPLETfON FT. FEET FROM BORING
AFTEA HRS. FT. —STANDARD PENETRATION TES r

JAII r%;Or AA.713� WVIUIC17.1 111Cis
ff 4-t1 C r b,a
p T 1a911 L�.it Ckcls
k�ki
.......i Ncrfi Caro" 27612
RECORD Q
414 782-2b32 3eU
914-223-ni9Nr*pq i
SOIL EXPLORATION
CityOf Raleigh
B-2
CLIENT
rRo»cr NAME Raleigh Landfill ion
BORING NO.
Xo N0.
35-73423 tiAr£ 10-27-87
PROJECT LOCATION US 64__L -Vow_ -Hope_ Rd�
Raleigh
, NC
T
STATION
tOR€NG METHOO KSA
FOREMAN
SP7 , .
ROCK GORE DIA. !n
Z
INSPECTOR
SNELtsY7Us£O.D. 1n.
E"
L
9
N
d '
°2�
BORING & SAMPLING
SOIL CLASSIFICATIONz
b p
SURFACE ELEVATION-IZ—
p
F`u
N
NOTES
Brown, moist., medium staff, fine
to medium sandy, clayey SILT (MR
4
1
4--5
14
3.0
Light reddish brown,moist,med.
3
stiff, micaceous,fine sandy
5
2
3-4
16
:..;
SILT (ML,)
..5.
'
8.0
3
5-6
16
Brown, moist medium stiff,
4
micaceous fine sandy SILT (ML)
10.
10
4
4-6
16
I
Light brown, moist to very moist
5
med. dense, silty fine to coarse
5
8-5
14
SAND (SM) (partially decomposed
:...;
-
rock)
8
6
8-10
18
5
7
10-10
16
7
0
8
11--11
16
8
._._ i
9
8-9
12
rr
8
C
25
10
9-10
14
Cave --in at 25.5 f t .
11
11-12
16
30.0
12
0-12
18
Bottom of boring at 30.0 ft.
BORING METHOD
G?OUkD WATER
THESE SHELBY TU6E SAMPLES OSTAiPEO IN
Hr - HOLLOW STEM AUGER
�
NOTED ON RODS
FT.
90R1NQ DRiLLCQ 1 FEW
CFA- CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER
DC - DRIVEN CASING
'7
ATCOMPLETiCN
FT.
FEET FROM BORING
mo - MUO ORILLING
AFTER
HRS,
-FT-
• •STANOARO PENETRATION TEST
RC - ROCK CoRiNG
4
LJI

of s+�.., C ou•.a914223.1519
V
hhrYr}x11
RECORD OF
SOIL EEXPLORATIC'l
CLIENT _Cit, Of Raleigh
"1 Raleigh Landfill Addition
— BORING No, B
OJECT NAME 9 aOB No. 35-73423 DATE 1 1-9-87
r'ROMCT LOCATION Hope Rd . Raleigh , NC STATION
r A
URINU Mk f huU n
IOCK CORE OIA, in
NELdYTU(lEO.D. In.
SPT ..
x
;
FORE1AAN
INSPECTOR
"°-
a-
6
z
�
BORING & SAMPLIN`3
MOTES
SOIL CLASSIFICATION
WRF,.CE ELEVATION-- 223.FT
Reddish brown and brown, moist
stiff to hard, Clayey, fine
4
j sandy, SILT (,MH)
1
5-7
16
7
2
14--19
16
. ... ..... ........
.......
.......
6
3
11-15
10
�
8.
Reddish brown & light brown,
moist to very moist, medium
i dense, micaceous, silty fine
10
4
.5-10
14
4
SAND (SNP)
5
I Dark brown, moist to very
moist, medium dense, highly
} micaceous, silty fine SAND
13.
15
5
6--7
668
18
14
6
(SM)
7
7-7
14
19.
8
Brown, very moist to wet,
i very dense, slightly micaceou
0
8
20-27
14
i Silty fine to coarse SAND(SM)
30
(partially decomposed rock)
9
50/5
12
29
I-
25
10
6-50/
16
29
11
50/6
12
30.0
30
50/6
5
r
12
Bottom of boring at 30.0 FT.
I
BORING METHOD
i.JHSA -
HOLLOW STEM AUGER
CFA -
CONTINUOUS F LIGHT AL16 ER
OC -
ORIVEN CASING
I... �mC) -
f. UG ORILL! NG
LjnC --
FLOCK GCJnING
GROUI-:O WATER THESE SHELBY TUBE SAMPt,=_S :3y1%:NEO i•ti
v 1iOTEO ON RODS FT. BORING - LL: O FE'!"+
p AT COMPLETION FT.
AR 264 HRS. FEET FROM BC}RIN
FTE FT..
••srnrrOAs;DrErr--r1nYlccs�

Y � 63�( ^D3viz CS-C}a
1 4� Frio yt 1 1� CA�l� 2 ] d 12
7 � �' 414- ] G 2.2d32 f�Salph
F.�CoR0 GF
SOIL=XPLOR"'MON
CILJI NT City Of Raleigh
�aRINc No. B--4
' asecTu�7�E Raleigh Landfill
> ion
13DNO.
35--73423 fl,TE 11-9-87
fko.ECT LOCATION IIS 64 & New Hop
Rd . Ra 1 e i h , NC
STATION
6O>3IN a ME HOD H5R
FOREMAN
5PT
JOCK GORE DIA.
�t-{4�bY 7176E O.D.ln.
SOIL CLASSIFICATION" `M �,�u
I7URFA.CE ELEvATION-- 224FT. d
4
;
a
INSPEC`IOFi
z
M!
x
B4P•.?{G &SAMPLING
NorES
1 Reddish brown, moist, stiff,
fine sandy, clayey, SILT (MH)
igi grey, moss very stif
to hard, fine sandy, clayey
SILT (MH)
............................... ..
Yellowish brown, moist, medium
dense, silty SAND (SM)
Brown, moist to very moist,
stiff to very stiff, fine
sandy clayey SILT (ML)
I.
Brown, moist, very stiff,
clayey SILT (ML)
Light brown, very moist to wet
loose to medium dense, clayey
fine to coarse SAND (SC),
trace fine gravel
3.0
.........
5
5
20
-
25
30
3
5-10
9
13-16
12
13-18
10
10-16
6610
6
7-8
6
7-10
6
8-14
9$12
5
6-8
3
4-5
4
18
16
16
18
18
16
16
18
16
18
10
12
-
1
................
8.0
2
3
13.0
4
5
18.0
6
7
20.5
8
30.0
10
11
H125-6
Bottom; of boring at 30.0 FT.
s_
METHOD
HOLLOW STEMAUOER
CFI, -- CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER
OC — OFtIVEN CASING
XAD -- )-AUO DnILUNG
C nnc: ConING
GR0LIN'OWATER THESE SHC18Y 7UEE 5,7-IPL.ES OBTAiN£D I
NOTED ON RODS FT. BORING DRIi l e"" '
AT COMPLETION FT.
AF T En 264 'HRs. 21.5 FT_
"57 ANCtiRD PEA-`iG.nT'ON TFS

BOILING
NO.
DEPTH,
FEET
SAMPLE
TYPE
CLASSIFICA
TION
UNIT WI IGHT,pcf
% FINER
Nfl.200
SIEVE
SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
VOID
RATIO
NATURAL
MOISTURE
ATTERI3ERG LIMITS
WET
DRY
LL
PL
PI
B-1
3.5-5.0
sS
SM
13.0%
B-3
6.0-7.5
SS
Mli
23.3%
57.5
45.3
12.3
B-3
16.0-17.5
Ss
SM
11.3
25.2%
B-4
1.0-2.5
Ss
ME
18.7%
49.4
37.2
12.2
B-4
3.5-5.0
SS
MH
19.3%
53.3
40.9
12.4
B--4
26.0-27.5
ss
sc
22.7
21.6%
B-5
13.5-1.5.0
SS
Sc
20.8
13.5%
B-7
11.0-12.5
SS
SM
8.4
10.9%
i
-
SS- SPLIT SPOON
t)D- liNDISTURBED SAMPLE

64 t AfxM I C�-6.
tticr7h Ca o1na 2 76 12
i'v9ta7az-�z
7 S P-221� 35 S 9 t�Er..rrxi
RECORD OF
SOIL EXPLORATION
Ci.IfNT CitY Of BORING NO.
Raleigh LandfillRaleigh
>tion_�3BN0. 35-73423 GATE 11-2-87
rRo.�Ecr LOCATION Hope Rd Raleigh, NC
STATION
ORINOMLIHUU an
t4CK CORE DIA. In
;HELOY TUAE O.Q. in.
SOIL CLASSIHCAT'IOI!`�
"" � a
s jl3fkCE ELEVATION- 240.FT. �� 3 dx
C C] 7 R R
3 ( i
O
FOREMAN
INSPECTOR
X
�
c
n��
u
BORING & SAMPLING
NOTES
Reddish brawn, moist, ver sti
fine sandy clayey SILT MH�,
trace bands of clay 2mm to 8mm
thick
............................................. _ ......................... ..... ......
Tan to pink, moist, medium
dense, clayey silty fine to
coarse SAND (SM)
f
Brown, very moist, very stiff,
micaceous clayey fine sandy
-a-- 2 l: L T(Mk�-
White and pink, very moist,
Medium dense, clayey fine to
coarse SAND(SC)
-
Reddish brown to brown, very
I moist to wet, fine to medium
1 sandy clayey SILT (ML)
Iottled black & white & brown,
very moist to wet, medium dens
micaceous, silty, fine to
I. medium SAND (SM)
i
f
5.5
5
10
5
2Q
25
0
J
7
11-16
5
8-12.
9
9-10
8
8-12
8
€3-10
5
7--9
6
6-5
5
7-8
6
9-9
9611
9
11-14
8
j11--14
14
16
14
18
15
18
12
11
16
18
18
8
,
-
-
I
1
2
......... .........
10.5
--
3
4
13.0
5
17.
6
7
20.5
8
30.0
9
10
11
12
� Bottom of boring at 30.0 FT.
t� I
BORING l-AETHOD
HSA -
HOLt_OW STEM AUGER
CFA-
CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER
CC --
DRIVEN CASING
1 MD -
zaUD OA LLiNG
+t1% -
J
FLOCK COF1164G
GROUND WATER THESE SHEI-BY TUBE SAMPLES C3 T A,iNCO IN
Q NOTED ON RODS = FT,
BORING D-;�'LLFDAFEry
'V AT COMPLETION FT' FEET FROM 8083 NG
AFTEn432 HRS. �_FT. _STANDAR0?ERET8ATf0f17L5I

A E Ca ASSCH-11cu s, inc.
d Kxn Ga1a4.a
()g11 (k-r.�l C:i-Cla
1....; 13�ih Caroxna 27512
919-7d2-?632 Fk�b�
915�223-JS i 9 Navr�ori
RECORD OF
S011_ EXPLORATION
;CLiENr g i
�tj
Of Raleigh
B-6
ROSECT NA3tE
Raleigh Landfill ion
9
BORING
NO.
35 -73423 10-29-87
_..
,Q� Na
DATE
tROSECT LOCATION 0 Rd Ra 1 e i h , NC
STATiON
°
ao iNo mEiHoo
NSA
FaREMAN
5PT ••
ROCK CORE DiA.
Ire
Z
SHE LaYTUpEO.p.
1 SOIL CLASSIFICATION 5,;
`4 8r n
TUAFA.CE ELEVATION- 258. F Iv
o
-
H
INSPECTOR
;
n
2E
C
BORING & SAMPLING
NOTES
Reddish brown, moist, medium
dense, silty, fine to medium,
SAND (SM)
Light reddish brown, moist,
medium dense, silty fine to
Tmedium SAND SM
Reddish brown moist to very
moist, very stiff fide to med.
sandy clayey SILT (ML)
Light brown, slighty moist to
1 moi.st, medium dense to very
dense, silty fine to coarse
SAN� (SM)(partially decomposed
roc )
�
3.0
5
�0
5
2
25
6
10-14
6
14-19
12
10-11
8
8-10
8
12-17
7
8-9
7
11-12
7
8-10
11
16-19
19
20-31
12
12
14
18
14
17
18
18
16
18
_
L
5.5
......
8 0
2
3
4
26.0
5
6
7
8
9
10
Auger refusal at 26.0 FT
I
)
BORING METHOD
HSA -
HOLLOW STEM AUGER
CFA—
CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER
...,DC --
ORIVEN CASING
.-
MV0 0RiLLING
�MD
RG —
HOCK CDFiING
GROUND WATER THESE SHELSY TU9E SAMPLES OBTF`iNED IN
-�7 NOTED ON RODS _FT, BORING DRILLED A FEry
AT COMPLETION FT.
FEET FROM BORING
AFTER Pps. FT, ..STAN0ARD PENETRAT10N TES r

ATE- A.ssO-CIcxtes, Inc.
Pc�� Nosh Cam 27612
9V4462.2t32 R E CO R D OF
icio- h
41�22�J519Naw>a1 SOIL EXPLORATION
CLIENT City Of Raleigh
BORING NO. -
I?-AO)ECTNAME Raleigh Landfill ion soeNo. 35-73423 DATE 10-29-
rROAc-r LOCATION US 64 & New HopQRd.,_Ra lei h , IBC STATION
ZsORING METHoo HSA
SPT • • FOREMAN
ROCK GORE DIA. in Z
INSPECTOR
6s�Ei eY FueE o.o.
SOIL CLASSIFICAT ION 3E CL S; p i BORING & SAMPLING
l VJAFACE ELEVATION- 248.46 FT. „E 3 6 MAE ct N NOTES
Reddish brown, moist, very stiff
fine to medium sandy, clayey 3
SILT (MH) 3.0 1 8-10 18
-' Tan to light brown, dry to
slightly Foist, very dense, 2 50/5 5
silty.. � n.e to ooarse .3AND....(SM_)...... ........ ......... ........ .......
(partially decomposed rock) 31 50/3 3
Brown, very moist, very dense;
micaceous silty SAND (SM)
(partially decomposed rock)
auger refusal at 14.5 FT
BORING METHOD
Hi A-
HOLLOW SF EM AUGER
CFA -
CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER
OC -
ORIVEN CASING
M0 -
A.IUO GRILLING
AC -
BOCK CORING
10.j 110]150/4 1 41 ( Cave-in at 9.0 ft.
5 150/4 14
GPOUND WATER THESE SHELBY TUBE SAMPLES 057A;NED IN
N7 NOTED GN RODS FT, BORING DP;_LED A FEW
AT COMPLETION FT. FEET FROM BORING
AFTER }FRS. Fr. • STANDARD PENETRATIOtl TES

Assaclates, Inc.
i ,�
�r dz' �l �s �rc1s
fkrth Corona 27612
919.162.2612 Pofo�
919-7211519 N wpcl
RIPCORD OF
SOIL EXPLORATION
IC1_IEN7 Cit Of Raleigh
Raleigh Landfi ion BORING No.
I rRo��cT t�AUE 9 35-73423
JOB NO,
rRas cT LOCATION Hoe Rd Raleigh, NC STATION
:,... 3ORING ME-rHOG HSA -
FOREMAN
DATE
10--29-•87�
ROCK CORE DIA. In
SHi LdY TUBE O.D. In,
SPT : •
;
a
INSPEC70R
3�
t;U p
�
E,
�}'
U
z
A
E
n
�
°�"
Rn
5
cG
BORING & SAMPLING
NOTES
SOIL CLASSIFICATION
LUftFfCE ELEVATION- 222. 44 FT
Reddish brown, moist to very
moist, very stiff to hard,
7
slightly micaceous, fine sandy,
SILT (ML)
1
8-10
14
7
5
2
8- i2 .........
18
.
........
........ ......... ......... ....
12
8.0
3
17-50/
1
i an, slightly moist, very dense,
oc)fine to coarse SAND (SM)
1�
50/6
1 6
10
4
town, moss to very mois-Tvery
-dense, micaceous silty SAND (SM)
24
50/4
18
13
5
Mottled white and brown and black
— Bret dense to very dense,
-�sliglltiy micaceous, clayey SAND
-(SC)(partial ly decomposed rock)
15
6
13
15-20
17
20-24
18
18
Cave --in at 15.0 FT
7
50/4
4
8
21.5
Auger refusal at 21.5 FT
-f
r
I SOMN(I b4ETHOo
HSA - HOLLOW STEM AUGER
CFA- CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER
DC - DRIVEN CASING
`- IAO - 7. Cl DS4 LLING
,a RC - ilOCK CORING
GROUVO WATER THESE SHELBY TUBE SAMPLES OB-i C;NCO IN
`7 NOTED ON RODS FT. BORING DRILLED A FEW
AT COMPLETION FT. FEET FROM 8DRING
AFTER-HRS. FT. ..5TANCARO PENETRATION TES r

RALEIGH..LEAF COMPOST FACILITY
N Ii2Fcl M2-*.M-V1 WQZl�00-celm
In addition to the enclosed borings drilled in 1987, three
test pits were dug to more accurately determine the groundwater
elevations on site. These pits are located as shown on Drawing
G-1. Results of the excavations are as follows:
Test Pit 1:
Groundwater was not reached during the excavation, but water
was.. observed......in...the ...test ..pi.t.....the ...._f..o..11ow. in day ..........S.ince........it. was
p g. y.
unknown,whether or not this water was due to ponding from a
rainstorm the previous evening or groundwater, the more
conservative approach of assuming this is groundwater was taken.
The water surface elevation is approximately +219 Ft.
Test Pit 2:
Groundwater was not reached during the excavation and no
ponding occurred the following day. For conservatism, the
groundwater was assumed to be at the base of the test pit at
elevation +214 Ft.
Test Pit 3:
Groundwater was encountered at elevation +205 Ft.
All the test pits showed variable soil formations. Test Pit
No. 2 had the largest volume of silty/clayey material, and will
thus serve as the principal borrow area for low permeability
soils for the final 5" cover over the compost facility.
The groundwater elevations observed were taken during a
period of significant rainfall. It is assumed that the given
elevations are at or'near the seasonal high groundwater
elevations.
mist\testpit.1tr
i

F., vu v 0, ykll *610 c
SAMPLE OPERATIONS LOG

CITY OF RALEIGH
WILDER'S GROVE LEAF COMPOSTING FACILITY
SAMPLE OPERATIONAL DATA SHEET
i
DATE OPERATOR
INCOMING LOADS:
Number of incoming loads, estimated volume:
Condition of incoming materials: (were the leaves wet or dry? any
debris, trash, other contaminants? vehicle numbers of contaminated
loads? how were the contaminants removed and disposed?)
Windrow formation: (how many windrows formed? were leaves wetted
prior to forming windrows? identify relative location of windrows
formed by description or rough sketch on site diagram)
Windrow maintenance: (how many windrows combined, turned, or moved
to final storage area, if any? quantity of water added to windrows
during combining/turning? identify relative location of windrow
activity by description or rough sketch on site diagram)
Other site maintenance: (did access road require maintenance? any
dust control measures taken? litter pickup? drainage control?
equipment down -time or repairs? any other maintenance?)
Product distribution: (estimated quantity of material distributed
to the public? number of citizen cars/trucks vs, dump truck
loads?)
General observations: (unusual weather conditions? quality of
final product/feedback from users of final product? any odors, from
facility? any other notable observations?)
Immediate action needed:

CITY OF RA:LEIGH
WILDER'S GROVE LEAF COMPOSTING FACILITY
SAMPLE OPERATIONAL DATA SHEET
SITE DIAGRAM
DATE OPERATOR
Instructions: On the diagram below, draw a rough sketch showing
the relative location of any windrow activities (such as initial
pile formation, combining of pairs of windrows, turning of windrows
for aeration and mixing, moving of windrows to final storage area,
any significant windrow maintenance,
[ Phase I T ]

APPENDIX E
WETLANDS DETERMINATION LETTER

ASHWORTH LAND SURVEYING
MAX EDWARD ASHWORTH,JR.,R.L.S.
P.O. BOX 388
FUQUAY-VARINA, N.C. 27526
June 13, 1991
Hazen and Sawyer
Raleigh, N.C.
Re: Wilders Grove Wetlands
Dear Mike,
In cutting the eastern line out for the Wilders Grove Compost Site
I did not encounter any Tagging denoting the wetland areas.
KZia-
Max E. Ashworth, JR., R.L.S.

SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS

FINAL GRADING AND LANDSCAPING
MATERIALS
Topsoil
j Upon completion and approval of the rough grading, the
Contractor shall place the topsoil over all areas disturbed
during construction except those areas which will be paved,
graveled or rip rapped. Topsoil shall not be placed in a
frozen or muddy condition and shall contain no toxic materials
harmful to grass growth.
Fertilizer
Fertilizer shall be a complete commercial fertilizer with
components derived from commercial sources. Fertilizer
analysis shall be determined from field soil sampling in
appropriate number taken by the' Contractor and analyzed'by the
N.C. Department of Agriculture or other independent laboratory.
One -quarter of the Nitrogen shall be in the form of nitrates,
one -quarter in the form of ammonia salts, and one-half in the
form of natural organic Nitrogen. Available Phosphoric Acid
shall be free from superphosphate, bone, or tankage. Potash
shall -be- Sulphate -of Potash. Elementsshallconformtothe
standards of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists.
Fertilizer shall be delivered in standard size bags marked with
the weight, analysis of contents, and the name of the
manufacturer. Fertilizer shall be stored in weatherproof
storage areas and in such a manner that its effectiveness will
not be impaired.
Lime
At least 50% shall pass a No. 200 U.S.S. mesh sieve. At least
90% shall pass a No. 100 U.S.S. mesh sieve and 100% shall pass
a No. 10 U.S.S. mesh sieve. Total carbonates shall not be less
} than 80% or 44.8% Calcium Oxide equivalent. For the purpose of
calculation, total carbonates shall be considered as Calcium
Carbonate.
Grass Seed
Furnish the kinds and amounts of seed to be seeded in all areas
disturbed by the construction work. All seed shall be labeled
to show that it meets the requirements of the North Carolina
Seed Law. All seed must have been tested within six (6) months
immediately preceding the planting of such material on the job.
The inoculant for treating legume seed shall be a pure culture
of nitrogen -fixing bacteria prepared specifically for the
i
1
�i

species. lnoculants shall not be used later than the date
indicated on the container. The quality of the seed shall
conform to the following:
Minimum Minimum Maximum
Seed Purity Germination Weed Seed
Type M W --- M
Fescue (fungus
98
90
1.00
free)
Hybrid Rye
98
85
0.10
Sudan grass
98
85
0.25
Millet
98
85
0.50
Sericea Lespedeza
Scarified
98
85
0.50
Unscarified
98
85
0.50
Scarified Lespedeza may contain 20% hard seed and unscarified
50% hard seed. Seed containing prohibited noxious weed seed
shall not be accepted. Seed shall be in conformance with N.C.
Seed Law restrictions for restricted noxious weeds.
Seed mixtures to be used on the project shall be as follows:
P - 150#/acre Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue
(Add 25#/acre Sudan grass in May. Add
25#/acre hybrid rye during Nov.)
TW - 100#/acre Hybrid Rye
TS - 35#/acre Pearl or Brown Top Millet; Sudan
grass per roll, as manufactured by Amxco,
American Excelsior Company, or equal.
Note: P - Permanent Seeding
TW - Temporary Winter Seeding
TS - Temporary Summer Seeding
On cut and fill slopes 2:1 or steeper add 30#/acre of Sericea
Lespedeza to the P seed mixture. Sericea Lespedeza seed shall
be scarified for spring plantings and unscarified for fall
plantings.
Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch
For use in hydroseeding grass seed in combination with
fertilizers and other approved additions, shall consist of
especially prepared wood cellulose fibers such as "Conwed",
"Silva -Fiber", or equal, and have no growth or germination
inhibiting factors, and be dyed green.
2
i�

The wood cellulose fiber shall have the additional
_ characteristic of dispersing rapidly in water to form a
homogeneous slurry and remain in such state when agitated in
the hydraulic mulching unit, or adequate equal, with the
specified materials.
When applied, the wood cellulose fiber with additives will form
an absorptive mat but not a plant inhibiting membrane, which
will allow moisture, natural or mechanical, to percolate into
underlying soil.
The mulch shall be supplied, compressed in packages containing
50 pounds of material having an equilibrium air dry moisture
content at time of manufacture of 12% plus or minus 2%. Wood
cellulose fiber mulch shall be stored in a weatherproof storage
area and in such a manner that effectiveness will not be
impaired.
Straw Mulch
Straw used for mulch shall be small grain hay. Hay shall be
undamaged, air dry, threshed straw, free of undesirable weed
seed. Straw mulch is not required for seeded areas treated
with a temporary soil stabilizer.
Temorar Soil „Stabilizer
--L Y 1
The temporary agent for soil erosion control shall consist of
i an especially prepared highly concentrated powder which, when
mixed with water, forms a thick liquid such as "TerraTack III",
} "curasol AE", "Aerospray 7011, or equal, and having no growth or
germination inhibiting factors. The agent shall be used for
hydroseeding grass seed in combination with other approved
amendments resulting in a highly viscous slurry which, when
y sprayed directly on the soil, forms a gelatinous crust.
Ditch Erosion Retention Blanket
The blanket shall consist of a machine produced mat of curled
wood excelsior of 80% 6-inch or longer fiber length, with
consistent thickness and the fiber evenly distributed over the
entire area of the blanket. The top side of each blanket shall
be covered with a 3-inch x 1-inch biodegradable extruded
plastic net. The blanket shall be smolder resistant without
the use of chemical additives. Blankets shall be Type 11,
48-inch width x 180-feet long, weighing 65 pounds (plus or
minus) per roll, as manufactured by Amxco, American Excelsior
Company, or equal.
Blanket staples shall be made of wire, .091-inch in diameter or
greater, "U" shaped with legs 6--inches in length and a 1-inch
crown.

Rip Rap and Herbicides
Furnish and install sufficient quantity of landscape gravel or
rip rap to cover over the ground to a minimum 4-inch depth for
gravel and 18-inch depth for riprap, unless otherwise noted, or
indicated on the Drawings. Also apply an approved herbicide to
the subgrade surface just prior to installing the landscape
gravel or rip rap.
During placing, the stone shall be graded so that the"smaller
stones are uniformly distributed through the mass. The stone
may be placed by mechanical methods, augmented by hand placing
where necessary. The placed rip rap shall form a properly
graded, dense, neat layer of stone.
All topsoil and vegetative matter shall be removed from the
subgrade surfaces prior to the application of the weed killer
(herbicide) and to the placement of landscape gravel or rip
rap. Apply commercial -type herbicide as preemergence control
of miscellaneous grasses and broadleaf weeds in granular or
' liquid form such as "Treflan", "Dymid", or equal. Methods and
rates of application shall be in strict compliance to
manufacturer's directions.
The herbicide selected shall be safe for use around ornamental
plantings, have long-lasting weed control, and shall be
resistant -to-leaching away under excessive rainfall.
A second application of the herbicide shall be made on the
surface of the landscape gravel or rip rap.sometime after the
first six (6) months, but not later than 12-months. Same
methods and rates apply as specified previously.
EXECUTION
Grading
After rough grading, commence preparations of the subgrade for
the various major conditions of the work as follows:
Bare soil for rip rap area at subgrade (18-inches below
final grade, or as directed by the Engineer).
Topsoil for lawn and road shoulder seed area -- scarify
2-inch depth of subgrade (4-inches below final grade)
prior to placing topsoil.
Final surface grading of the topsoiled, landscape graveled, and
rip rapped areas shall be mechanically raked or hand raked to
an even finished surface alignment.
4
4
l:,J

Topsoil
Topsoil shall be spread in place
and road shoulder seed areas at
sufficient quantity for certain
shrubs and trees .as specified.
H ddroseeding and Grass
for quantity required for lawn.
4-inch consolidated depth, and
plant beds and backfill for
A stand of grass shall be grown by hydroseeding method on all
disturbed areas.
The work shall include the preparation of the topsoil and bare
soil seed bed, application of fertilizer, limestone, mulching,
! inoculant, temporary soil stabilizer, watering, and all other
operations necessary to provide a satisfactory growth of sod at
the end of the one-year maintenance period. Areas without
satisfactory sod at the end of one (1) year shall be replanted
until satisfactory growth is obtained and acceptable to the
..... ......... ......... ........
Enqineer.
All areas to be seeded shall be done by the hydraulic seeding'
method including all additives and amendments required. A
"Reinco", "Finn", or "Bowie" type hydromulcher with adjustable
nozzles and extension hoses, or equal, shall be utilized.
General capacity of tank should range from 500 to 2,500
gallons, or as approved by the Engineer.
Hydraulic seeding shall be carried out in three steps. Step
one shall consist of the application of lime. In step two the
seed mixture shall be mixed with the fertilizer, wood cellulose
fiber mulch, and any required inoculants and applied to the
seed bed. Step three shall consist of application of top
dressing during the first spring or fall, whichever comes
first, after step two.
Top dressing shall consist of a commercial grade fertilizer
plus Nitrogen or other analysis as may be recommended by soil
testing. Types and application rates of seed mixtures, lime,
fertilizer, and wood cellulose fiber mulch, shall be as shown
in the Seeding Schedule.
Ingredients for the mixture and steps should be dumped into a
tank of water and thoroughly mixed to a homogeneous slurry and
i sprayed out under a minimum of 300-350 pounds pressure, in
suitable proportions to accommodate the type and capacity of
the hydraulic machine to be used. Applications shall be evenly
sprayed over the ground surface. The topsoil shall be free of
stones, roots, rubbish, and other deleterious materials and
dispose of same off the site. The bare soil, except existing
steep embankment area, shall be rough raked to remove stones,
roots, and rubbish over 4-inches in size, and other deleterious
materials and dispose of same off the site.
5

No seeding should be undertaken in windy or unfavorable
weather, when the ground is too wet to rake easily, when it is
in a frozen condition, or too dry. Any bare spots shown in two
to three weeks shall be recultivated, fertilized at half the
rate, raked, seeded, and mulched again by mechanical or hand
broadcast method.
Areas that have been seeded with a temporary seed mixture shall
be mowed to a height of less than 2-inches and scarified prior
to seeding with the permanent seed mixture.
Water newly seeded areas of the lawn and road shoulder mix once
a week until the grasses have germinated sufficiently to
produce a healthy turf. Each watering shall provide three (3)
gallons per square yard.
Ditch and Swale Erosion Protection
All ditches and swales indicated on the Drawings shall be lined
...... ......... .................
with an erosion control blanket of single width. The area to
be covered shall be properly graded and hydroseeded before the
blanket is applied. Unroll blanket so that the netting is on
..... top and the _____fibers in __contact ..with... -the .. soil. Install,in
direction of water flow, butted snugly at ends. Staple ends
and sides spaced approximately 6-feet apart on each side and
one (1) row alternately spaced down the center. The staples
shall be driven vertically into the ground.
Maintenance
Maintenance shall include but not be limited to, annual
fertilization, mowing, repair of seeded areas, irrigation, and
weed control. Protection shall be provided for all seeded
areas against trespassing and damage at all times. Slopes
shall be protected from damage due to erosion, settlement, and
other causes.
Annual fertilization shall consist of an application of
500#/acre of 10-10-10 commercial grade fertilizer, or its
equivalent and 60#/acre of nitrogen in early fall, or other
analysis as may be determined by soil test. Annual
fertilization shall be in addition to top dressing and shall be
performed each fall season after planting until the work is
substantially complete.
All seeded areas shall be inspected on a regular basis and any
necessary repairs or reseedings made within the planting
season, if possible. If the stand should be over 60% damaged,
it shall be re-established following the original seeding
recommendations.
Weed growth shall be maintained mechanically and/or with
4
herbicides. When chemicals are used, follow the current North
i
6
Ll

r' s
i
f, Carolina Agricultural Experiment Stations's weed control
!..; recommendations and adhere strictly to the instructions on the
label of the herbicide.
r;
CieanuR
Remove from the site all subsoil excavated from his work and
,f
all other debris including, but not limited to, branches,
paper, and rubbish in all landscape areas, and remove temporary
barricades as the work proceeds.
Seeding Schedule
All seeding and mulching to be completed by the Contractor
shall conform to the following schedule. No permanent seeding
shall be performed from June 1 - August 31 and December 1 --
January 31. Temporary seed mixtures will be used during these
times if seeding is necessary. Areas seeded with temporary
._ seed mixtures shall be reseeded with permanent seed as directed
......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... .........
by the Engineer.
Application rates of seed mixtures, lime, fertilizer, mulch and
top dressing are shown in the schedule.
7
_J .

SEEDING SCHEDULE
Application Rates (Pounds/Acre)
Seed" Planting Wood Annual
Mixture Season Lime" Seed Fertilizer Mulch Topdressing° Fertilizer Comments
P Feb. 1-May 31 4000 150 1000 1500 500 of Same as Preferred planting seasons are
Sept. 1-Nov. 30 10-10-10 Topdressing Sept. 15 - Oct. 15 and Feb. 15 -
60 of Nitrogen April 30. Add 251/acre sudangrass
during May. Add 25#/acre hybrid
rye during Nov.
TW Dec. 1-Jan. 31 - 100 300 500 - - Over seed with Type P seed mixture
during next planting season.
TS June 1-Aug. 31 - 35 300 500 - - Over seed with Type P seed mixture
during next planting season.
Footnotes:
a. Application rates and/or chemical analysis shall be confirmed or established by soil test.
b. on out and fill slopes 2:1 or steeper, add 30#/acre seriocea lespedeza to Type P seed mixture. ..Use scarified seed
for spring plantings and unscarified for fall plantings.
MISC\WARRENCO.APP