NCC191765_ESC Approval Submitted_20190925

MAINAGEMENT
David Weekly, PE Land Development
Division Manager
August 22, 2018
LETTER OF APPROVAL
Attn: Scbp Developer Llc ,
SCBP DEVELOPER LLC
333 W TRADE ST STE 370
RE: Project Name: McAlister Court -Phase II
Permit ID: LDGP-2018-00191
Denuded Acreage: 2.23
Submitted By: SCBP DEVELOPER LLC
Date Received: 03/13/2018
Plan Type: NEW
Dear Scbp Developer Llc,
This office has reviewed the subject erosion and sedimentation control plan. We find the plan to be acceptable
and hereby issue this Letter of Approval. This plan approval shall expire three (3) years following the date of
approval, if no preconstruction meeting and land -disturbing activity has been undertaken, as is required by Title
15A NCAC 413 .0129 and Section 17-35(b) of the City of Charlotte Code of Ordinances. Acceptance and
approval of this plan is also conditioned upon your compliance with Federal, State, and local water quality
laws, regulations, and rules.
Upon receiving this approval, it is the responsibility of the Financially Responsible Parry, their agent, or the
owner to request a pre -construction meeting by completing the Pre -Construction Meeting Request Form found
at<htt2://development.charmeck.or�4/>. Please provide at least 48 hours advance notice for the
pre -construction meeting so that City Staff may coordinate and schedule the appropriate personnel. No land
disturbance of any kind, including any demolition, is allowed prior to the pre -construction meeting.
Please be aware that your project will be covered by the enclosed NPDES General Stormwater Permit
NCGO10000 (Construction Activities). You are responsible for becoming familiar with all of the requirements
for compliance with the enclosed general permit.
Also, be advised that Title 15A NCAC 413 .0118(a) and Section 17-35(a)(8) of the City of Charlotte Code of
Ordinances requires that a copy of the approved erosion control plan be on file at the job site. You should
consider this letter to give the Notice required by G.S. 113A-61.1(a) of our right of periodic inspection to
insure compliance with the approved plan.

The City of Charlotte's Sedimentation Pollution Control Program is performance -oriented, requiring protection
of existing natural resources and adjoining properties. If, following the commencement of this project, it is
determined that the erosion and sedimentation control plan is inadequate to meet the requirements of the City of
Charlotte Code of Ordinances and the Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973 (G.S. 113A-51 through
66), this office may require revisions to the plan and implementation of the revisions to insure compliance with
the Act and Local Code.
Acceptance and approval of this plan is conditioned upon your compliance with Federal, State, and County
water quality laws, regulations, and rules. This approval does not supersede any other permit or approval.
Approval of this plan is based in part on the accuracy of the information provided in the Financial Responsibility
Form, which you provided. You are requested to file an amended form if there is any change in the information
included on the form.
Your cooperation is appreciated.
Sincerely,
James Wilson, CPESC
Charlotte Land Development Division
City of Charlotte Engineering and Property Management
600 E Fourth St
Charlotte, NC 28202
Approva I ForG radi ng Ltr_new

PAT MCCILOILY
f)ONA11) R. VAN f)EIL VAAILT
5'eaetar;t.
T'ILACY f)AVIS
North Carolina Construction Stormwater NPDES Permit Reissued
July 27, 2016
The Construction Stormwater NPDS permit (NCG010000) was reissued by the Division of Energy,
Mineral and land Resources on July 22, 2016 effective August 1, 2016. The permit was reissued with
no changes from the previous permit and will be effective for a short duration, through July 2018. All
construction projects that were previously covered by this permit continue to have permit coverage and
do not need to make any notifications or requests from the Division. Previously permitted projects
must continue to abide by the conditions of the permit until the construction project is closed out. A
project may choose to download a copy of the reissued permit with the new effective and expiration
dates from our website at:
http://deg.nc.gov/about/divisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/energy-mineral-land-permits/stormw
ate r-permits/nodes-industrial-sw#tab-3
The current permit was issued in 2011 when the Stormwater Program was in the Division of Water
Quality (DWQ). The permit renewal was noticed as a short term renewal without any changes to the
permit requirements. In order to avoid confusion by including technical changes in the final version of
the permit, the permit was reissued without any changes and it continues to have references to the old
Division (DWQ) and our old Department name (DENR) throughout the permit. However, please note
that the permit is administered by the Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources (DEMLR) and
any contact associated with the permit should be directed to the DEMLR regional office or central
office staff.
Contact information for the Stormwater Permitting Program and for the DEMLR Regional Offices can be
found at: <https://deg.nc.gov/about/divisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/contact-demlr>
State of North Carolina I Environmental Quality I Energy, Mineral and Land Resources
1612 Mail Service Center 1 512 N. Salisbury St. I Raleigh, NC 27699
919 707 9200 T

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION
OF WATER QUALITY
GENERAL PERMIT - NCG 010000
TO DISCHARGE STORMWATER UNDER THE NATIONAL
POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
for
CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
In compliance with the provision of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1, other lawful standards
and regulations promulgated and adopted by North Carolina Environmental Management Commission
and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended:
All owners or operators of stormwater point source discharges associated with construction
activities including clearing, grading or excavation activities resulting in the disturbance of land
greater than or equal to one acre, or that are part of a common plan of development of that
size, are hereby authorized to discharge stormwater to the surface waters of North Carolina or
to a separate storm sewer system conveying stormwater to the surface waters in accordance
with the terms and conditions set forth herein. Failure to receive coverage under this permit or
violations of any of the conditions listed may result in assessment of state or federal civil or
criminal penalties for each day of violation.
The General Permit shall become effective on August 1, 2016.
The General Permit shall expire at midnight on July 31, 2018.
Signed this day July 22, 2016
QrXi inal &i netl 15 Tob Vinson
fov Tracy Davis, Director
Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources
By the Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Page 1 of 16

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SECTION I - COVERAGE UNDER THE GENERAL PERMIT 3
SECTION II - STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS 4
Section ILA. - Stormwater Pollution Prevention Requirements in the E&SC Plan 4
Section ILB. - Stormwater Pollution Prevention Requirements in the Construction GP 5
Section ILB.1. - Construction Site Pollutants 5
Section ILB. 2 - Ground Stabilization 6
Section ILB. 3. - Self Inspection and Reporting Requirements 6
Section ILB.4. - Sediment Basins 8
Section ILB.5. -Discharges to Special or Threatened Waters 8
SECTION III - FRAMEWORK OF PERMIT COVERAGE
8
SECTION IV - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF POLLUTION CONTROLS 10
SECTION V - PERMIT ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE ISSUES 11
SECTION VI - DISCHARGE MONITORING AND TURBIDITY LIMITATIONS 15
SECTION VII - DEFINITIONS
SECTION VIII - DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY CONTACTS
Page 2 of 16
15
16

SECTION I
COVERAGE UNDER THE GENERAL PERMIT
Until this State of North Carolina General Permit expires or is modified or revoked, the permittee is
authorized to discharge stormwater in accordance with the terms and conditions of this permit and in
accordance with an approved Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan by the North Carolina Division of
Land Resources, Land Quality Section, or a delegated local program under the provisions and requirements
of North Carolina General Statutes in Article 4 of Chapter 113A to the surface waters of North Carolina or
to a separate storm sewer system. The permit, along with state statutes (N.C.G.S. 143-215.1) and rules
(NCAC 2H .0100) relating to stormwater permitting are designed to work together to assure compliance
with the NPDES requirements of the Clean Water Act. Furthermore, North Carolina rules in Title 15A
NCAC 2H .0126 adopt by reference the federal stormwater permitting requirements.
Any other point source discharge to surface waters of the state is prohibited unless covered by another permit,
authorization or approval. The discharges allowed by this General Permit shall not cause or contribute to violations
of North Carolina Water Quality Standards for surface waters and wetlands (15A NCAC 2B .0200). Discharges
allowed by this permit must meet all applicable water quality certification or permit requirements as outlined in
15A NCAC 2H .0500 and 2H .1300. This permit does not relieve the permittee from responsibility for compliance
with any other applicable federal, state, or local law, rule, standard, ordinance, order, judgment, or decree.
This General Permit is applicable to point source discharges from construction activities disturbing
one or more acres of land. The application to the Division of Land Resources or a delegated local program for
approval of a local Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan (E&SC Plan) shall be considered to take the place of
a Notice of Intent for coverage under this General Permit for those projects requiring this Permit coverage.
Coverage under this General Permit shall become effective upon issuance of an approval for the E&SC Plan by
the Division of Land Resources or delegated local program that includes the following:
a. Designation on the plans where the specific ground stabilization requirements apply as per Section
II.B.2 of this permit.
b. Designs of basins with surface withdrawal as per Section II.B.4 of this permit.
Prior to the commencement of construction and land disturbing activities, approval of the E&SC Plan shall be
obtained.
This General Permit revision reflects changes made in the federal regulations effective February 1,
2010. The federal regulations were a result of litigation that mandated that construction activities over a certain
size must contain additional specifications that would result in reduced wastes and sediment loading reaching the
nation's waters. The Division of Water Quality and the Division of Land Resources established a Construction
General Permit Technical Advisory Group (CTAG) to provide them guidance in developing the permit. The
CTAG was comprised of 14 members who represented a broad range of environmental, regulatory, government
and development interests. A Draft Construction General Permit was prepared and made available for review
on May 13, 2011. A public meeting was held on June7th.
This permit reflects the input received during the twelve- month development process.
Any owner or operator not wishing to be covered or limited by this General Permit may apply for an individual
NPDES permit in accordance with NPDES procedures in 15A NCAC 2H .0100, stating the reasons supporting
the request. Any application for an individual permit should be made at least 180 days prior to the time the permit
is needed unless waived, by the Director.
This General Permit does not cover activities or discharges covered by an individual NPDES permit until the
individual permit has expired or has been rescinded. Any person conducting an activity covered by an
individual permit but which could be covered by this General Permit may request that the individual permit be
Page 3 of 16

The Division of Water Quality partners with the Division of Land Resources to implement a complete program
for construction site coverage that includes state sedimentation control and NPDES stormwater control. The
Division of Land Resources implements their control programs through an Erosion and Sedimentation Control
Plan (E&SC Plan) issued for each construction site in the state disturbing one or more acres of land. An E&SC
Plan is required for each site by the Division of Land Resources or a delegated local government program. The
NPDES Construction Stormwater permit (NCGO10000) is attached to Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan
approvals. The permittee is responsible for abiding by the conditions of both of these documents.
The Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973 places a duty upon the Sedimentation Control Commission to
"develop recommended methods of control of sedimentation and prepare and make available for distribution
publications and other materials dealing with sedimentation control techniques appropriate for use by persons
engaged in land -disturbing activities." The Sedimentation Control Commission and the Division of Land Resources
have adopted the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual as the document to
provide that guidance for use at all constructions sites in the state. The individual Erosion and Sedimentation Control
Plans are developed based on this guidance and become a condition of the Division of Water Quality's Construction
Stormwater General Permit. As provided in this permit, "deviation from the approved E&SC Plan, or approved
amendment to that plan, shall constitute a violation of the terms and conditions of this general permit."
SECTION II
STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS
The State construction -related stormwater pollution prevention program provides for: (a) identification of the
potential sources of stormwater pollution at the individual construction site; (b) description of the stormwater
control measures to reduce or eliminate pollutants in stormwater discharges from the construction site; and (c)
identification of the procedures the operator will implement to comply with the terms and conditions of this
general permit and the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan (E&SC Plan). In North Carolina, the approved
Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan for the site, and the NCGOI Construction General Permit are
considered the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for that site. These two documents, and
any specifically -added water quality conditions for that site, contain the provisions necessary to meet the federal
regulatory requirements of the NPDES program including provisions implementing the Effluent Limitations
Guidelines effective at the time of this permit.
SECTION H.A. - STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS IN THE
EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL PLAN
The Erosion and Sedimentation Control program is mandated and funded according to state statutes. The
majority of the technology -based requirements needed to satisfy the federal stormwater pollution prevention
specifications are addressed in the approved E&SC Plan. Each applicant for an E&SC Plan approval is
required to comply with a "checklist" of over 50 site -specific conditions*. The categories of these conditions
include:
1) location information,
2) site features,
3) control measures,
4) drainage features,
5) stormwater calculations,
6) stabilization,
7) ownership information and
8) construction sequencing. Page 4 of 16

*The individual requirements to be addressed in each E&SC Plan application can be found at
<http://portal.nedenr.org/web/lr/erosion>. See "Plan check list for designers."
SECTION ILB. - STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS IN THE NC
CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT
In addition to the stormwater pollution prevention controls found in the E&SC Plan, this Construction General
Permit contains additional conditions that must be met in order to comply with the NPDES program
requirements. They are as follows:
1) Construction Site Pollutants
Permittee must manage activities on the site such that water quality standards are not violated from site activities
or allowed discharges. In addition to stream pollution from sediment discharge, other activities on construction
and development sites can result in pollutants reaching the state's waters.
EPA has prepared guidance documents that provide best management practices that address many activities.
See httu://ct]pub.epa.gov/Wdes/stonnwater/menuotbmps/index.cfm?action=min measure&min measure id-4
The following activities, and others on a site -specific basis, require oversight throughout the construction and
development process to assure that all water quality standards are protected:
a) Equipment Operation and Maintenance - Equipment utilized during the construction activity on a site
must be operated and maintained in such a manner as to prevent the potential or actual pollution of the
surface or ground waters of the state. Fuels, lubricants, coolants, and hydraulic fluids, or any other
petroleum products, shall not be discharged onto the ground or into surface waters. Spent fluids shall
be cleaned up and disposed of in a manner so as not to enter the waters, surface or ground, of the
state and in accordance with applicable state and federal regulations.
b) Material Handling - Herbicide, pesticide, and fertilizer usage during the construction activity shall be
consistent with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act and shall be in accordance
with label restrictions.
c) Building Material Waste Handling
i) All wastes composed of building materials shall be disposed of in accordance with North Carolina
General Statutes, Chapter 130A, Article 9 - Solid Waste Management, and rules governing the
disposal of solid waste (North Carolina Administrative Code Section 15A NCAC 13B).
ii) Locate areas dedicated for management of land clearing and demolition debris, construction and
domestic waste, and hazardous or toxic waste. This location shall be at least 50 feet away from storm
drain inlets and surface waters unless it can be shown that no other alternatives are reasonably
available.
iii)Dumping of paint and other liquid building material wastes in storm drains is prohibited.
iv)Litter and Sanitary Waste - The permittee shall control the management and disposal of litter and
sanitary waste from the site.
d) Location of Stock Piles - Locate earthen -material stock pile areas at least 50 feet away from storm
drain inlets and surface waters unless it can be shown that no other alternatives are reasonably
available.
e) Handling of Concrete
i) Concrete materials onsite, including excess concrete, must be controlled and managed to avoid contact
with surface waters, wetlands or buffers. No concrete or cement slurry shall be discharged from the site.
(Note that discharges from onsite concrete plants require coverage under a separate NPDES permit -
NCG140000.)
ii) Any hardened concrete residue will be disposed of, or recycled on site, in accordance with local and
Page 5 of 16

2) Ground Stabilization
a) Soil stabilization shall be achieved on any area of a site where land -disturbing activities have
temporarily or permanently ceased according to the following schedule:
i) All perimeter dikes, swales, ditches, perimeter slopes and all slopes steeper than 3 horizontal to 1
vertical (3:1) shall be provided temporary or permanent stabilization with ground cover as soon as
practicable but in any event within 7 calendar days from the last land -disturbing activity.
ii) All other disturbed areas shall be provided temporary or permanent stabilization with ground cover
as soon as practicable but in any event within 14 calendar days from the last land -disturbing activity.
b) Conditions - In meeting the stabilization requirements above, the following conditions or
exemptions shall apply:
i) Extensions of time may be approved by the permitting authority based on weather or other
site -specific conditions that make compliance impracticable.
ii) All slopes 50' in length or greater shall apply the ground cover within 7 days except when the slope is
flatter than 4:1. Slopes less than 50' shall apply ground cover within 14 days except when slopes are
steeper than 3:1, the 7 day -requirement applies.
iii) Any sloped area flatter than 4:1 shall be exempt from the 7-day ground cover requirement.
iv) Slopes 10' or less in length shall be exempt from the 7-day ground cover requirement except when the
slope is steeper than 2:1.
v) Although stabilization is usually specified as ground cover, other methods, such as chemical
stabilization, may be allowed on a case -by -case basis.
vi) For portions of projects within the Sediment Control Commission -defined "High Quality Water Zone"
(15A NCAC 04A. 0105) , stabilization with ground cover shall be achieved as soon as practicable but in
any event on all areas of the site within 7 calendar days from the last land- disturbing act.
vii) Portions of a site that are lower in elevation than adjacent discharge locations and are not expected to
discharge during construction may be exempt from the temporary ground cover requirements if
identified on the approved E&SC Plan or added by the permitting authority.
3) Self Inspection and Reporting Requirements
Minimum self inspection and reporting requirements are as follows unless otherwise approved in writing by
the Division of Water Quality.
a) A rain gauge shall be maintained in good working order on the site unless another rain -
monitoring device has been approved by the Division of Water Quality.
b) A written record of the daily rainfall amounts shall be retained and all records shall be made available
to Division of Water Quality or authorized agent upon request. If no daily rain gauge observations are
made during weekend or holiday periods, and no individual -day rainfall information is available, the
cumulative rain measurement for those un-attended days will determine if a site inspection is needed.
(Note: if no rainfall occurred, the permittee must record "zero").
c) Erosion and sedimentation control measures shall be inspected to ensure that they are operating
correctly. Inspection records must be maintained for each inspection event and for each measure. At
a minimum, inspection of measures must occur at the frequency indicated below:
i) All erosion and sedimentation control measures must be inspected by or under the direction
of the permittee at least once every seven calendar days, and
ii) All erosion and sediment control measures must be inspected by or under the direction of the
permittee within 24 hours after any storm event of greater than 0.50 inches of rain per 24 hour
period.
d) Once land disturbance has begun on the site, stormwater runoff discharge outfalls shall be inspected
by observation for erosion, sedimentation and other stormwater discharge characteristics such as
clarity, floating solids, and oil sheens. Inspections of the outfalls shall be made at least once every
seven calendar days and within 24 hours after any storm event of greater than 0.50 inches of rain per
24 hour period.
e) Inspections are only required to be made during normal business hours. When adverse weather
conditions would cause the safety of the inspection personnel to be in jeopardy, the inspection can
be delayed until it is deemed safe to perform these duties. (Times when inspections were delayed
because of safety issues should be noted in the Inspection Record.) If the inspection cannot be done

Page 6 of 16
f) Twenty-four Hour Reporting for visible sediment deposition
i) The permittee shall report to the Division of Water Quality central office or the appropriate regional office
any visible sediment being deposited in any stream or wetland or any noncompliance which may endanger
health or the environment. (See Section VIII of this permit for contact information.) Any information shall
be provided orally or electronically within 24 hours from the time the permittee became aware of the
circumstances.
ii) A written submission shall be provided to the appropriate regional office of the Division of Water Quality
within 5 days of the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. The written submission shall
contain a description of the sediment deposition and actions taken to address the cause of the deposition.
The Division of Water Quality staff may waive the requirement for a written report on a case -by -case
basis.
g) Records of inspections made during the previous 30 days shall remain on the site and available for agency
inspectors at all times during normal working hours, unless the Division of Water Quality provides a
site -specific exemption based on unique site conditions that make this requirement not practical. Older records
must be maintained for a period of three years after project completion and made available upon request The
records must provide the details of each inspection including observations, and actions taken in accordance
with this permit. The permittee shall record the required rainfall and monitoring observations on the Inspection
Record form provided by the Division or a similar inspection form that is inclusive of all of the elements
contained in the Division's form. Use of electronically -available records, in lieu of the required paper copies for
inspection will be allowed if shown to provide equal access and utility as the hard -copy records.
h) Inspection records must include, at a minimum, the following:
i) Control Measure Inspections: Inspection records must include at a minimum: 1) identification of the
measures inspected, 2) date and time of the inspection, 3) name of the person performing the inspection,
4) indication of whether the measures were operating properly, 5) description of maintenance needs for
the measure, 6) corrective actions taken (7) date of actions taken, as well as the date and amounts of
rainfall received.
ii) Stormwater Discharge Inspections: Inspection records must include at a minimum: 1) identification of the
discharge outfall inspected, 2) date and time of the inspection, 3) name of the person performing the
inspection, 4) evidence of indicators of stormwater pollution such as oil sheen, floating or suspended solids
or discoloration, 5) indication of visible sediment leaving the site, 6) actions taken to correct/prevent
sedimentation and 7) date of actions taken.
iii) Visible Sedimentation Found Outside the Site Limits: Inspection records must include: 1) an explanation
as to the actions taken to control future releases, 2) actions taken to clean up or stabilize the sediment that
has left the site limits and 3) the date of actions taken.
iv) Visible Sedimentation Found in Streams or Wetlands: All inspections should include evaluation of
streams or wetlands onsite or offsite (where accessible) to determine if visible sedimentation has
occurred.
i) Visible Stream Turbidity - If the discharge from a site results in an increase in visible stream turbidity,
inspection records must record that evidence and actions taken to reduce sediment contributions. Sites
discharging to streams named on the state's 303(d) list as impaired for sediment -related causes may be
required to perform additional monitoring, inspections or application of more -stringent management
practices if it is determined that the additional requirements are needed to assure compliance with the
federal or state impaired -waters conditions. If a discharge covered by this permit enters a stream segment
that is listed on the Impaired Stream List for sediment -related causes, and a Total Maximum Daily Load
(TMDL) has been prepared for those pollutants, the permittee must implement measures to ensure that
the discharge of pollutants from the site is consistent with the assumptions and meets the requirements of
the approved TMDL. The Division of Water Quality 303(d) list can be found at:
<ht!p://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/tmdl/General_303d.htm!>
Page 7 of 16

4.) Sediment Basins
Sediment basins and traps shall meet the following requirements:
a) Outlet structures shall be utilized that withdraw water from the surface.
b) For basins or traps that have a drainage area of less than 1.0 acre, draw -down designs specified in the
Division of Land Resources or delegated local program requirements are acceptable.
c) Chemical treatment
i) All treatment chemicals must be stored in leak -proof containers that are kept under
storm -resistant cover or surrounded by secondary containment structures designed to protect
adjacent surface waters.
ii) All treatment chemicals must be used in accordance with dosing specifications and application
rates provided by the manufacturer, supplier and as specified by the Division of Water Quality.
iii) The Permittee must only use chemicals that have been approved by the NC Division of Water
Quality and posted on their "North Carolina Division of Water Quality Approved
PAMS/Flocculants List" found on their web site at: <http://portal.nedenr.org/web/wg/ws/su> .
iv) The Permittee must route stormwater treated with polymers, flocculants, or other treatment
chemicals through sediment trapping, filtering, and/or settling devices(s) to ensure adequate
removal of sediment flocculent prior to discharge to surface waters.
d) Discharge requirement - Discharges must meet the statutory requirements of the Sediment Pollution
Control Act and utilize the provisions of Section 6.74 of the Erosion and Sediment Control Planning
and Design Manual to assure that buffers and vegetated areas will be used to reduce the potential for
visible siltation outside of the 25% buffer zone nearest the land- disturbing activity.
5.) Discharges to Special or Threatened Waters
a) Disturbed areas within one mile of and draining to waters where federally -listed threatened or
endangered aquatic species are present shall be limited at any time to a maximum total area within
the boundaries of the tract of 20 acres. These projects shall also use control measures that are
designed, installed and maintained in accordance with criteria set forth in 15A NCAC 04B .0124 -
Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds. The Division of Water Quality may require
additional/altemative protection measures or require coverage under an individual Construction
NPDES Stormwater permit. Other management practices may be acceptable if these designs are
shown by the applicant, to the satisfaction of the Director, to provide equivalent protection.
b) Construction activities in High Quality Waters Zones require quicker ground stabilization
provisions as specified in Section II.B.2.b. of the permit
SECTION III
FRAMEWORK OF PERMIT COVERAGE
During the period beginning on the effective date of the permit and lasting until expiration, the Permittee is
authorized to discharge stormwater associated with construction activity including clearing, grading and excavation
activities resulting in the disturbance of land and related support activities. Such discharges shall be controlled,
limited and monitored as specified in this permit.
1) Continuation of Previously Permitted Projects -Projects and their corresponding activities permitted under
the previous version of the NC general permit for construction activities will continue to be valid with the
Page 8 of 16

2) Projects submitted prior to the effective date of the permit - Complete project applications that were
received prior to the effective date of this permit, but not approved by the permitting authority until
after approval of this NPDES permit, can rely on design and management practices effective at the
time of application submittal.
3) Implementation of the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan (E&SC Plan):
a) The Permittee must implement and follow the E&SC Plan, which has been approved by the
Division of Land Resources or local delegated program.. The approved E&SC Plan is
considered a condition of this general permit.
b) Deviation from the approved E&SC Plan, or approved amendment, shall constitute a violation of the
terms and conditions of this general permit except that deviation from the approved plan will be
allowed:
i) to correct an emergency situation where sediments are being discharged off the site, or,
ii) when minor modifications have been made that result in an alteration or relocation of an erosion or
sedimentation control measure and does not affect the ability of the measure to perform as
intended.
c) Allowed deviations must be noted on the approved E&SC Plan and maintained at the job site.
d) Prior to the commencement of any land disturbance onsite, and during the construction activities,
a copy of the approved E&SC Plan and this NPDES construction permit shall be maintained on
the site. These documents must be kept current and up to date.
4) BMPs and Control Measures - Consistent with the provisions contained in this permit and the E&SC
Plan, the permittee must select, install, implement and maintain best management practices (BMPs) and
control measures that minimize pollutants in the discharge to meet the requirements of this permit.
5) Additional Action - If there is evidence indicating that the stormwater discharges from the site are
impacting or have the potential to impact surface waters or wetlands, the Division of Water Quality
may take appropriate actions including any or all of the following:
a) take compliance and enforcement action;
b) require the permittee to include and implement appropriate control and restoration measures;
c) require the permittee to develop and implement additional site -specific stormwater pollution
prevention measures;
d) require the permittee to obtain an individual permit.
6) When an Individual Permit may be Required - The Director may require any owner/operator authorized
to discharge under a certificate of coverage issued pursuant to this general permit to apply for and
obtain an individual permit or a general permit with additional conditions. Any interested person may
petition the Director to require an individual permit pursuant to 15A NCAC 2H .0127. Cases where an
individual permit may be required include, but are not limited to, the following:
a) The receiving stream is of a unique quality and the standard conditions may not provide
adequate protection;
b) The discharger is a significant contributor of pollutants;
c) Conditions at the permitted site change, altering the constituents and/or characteristics of the
discharge such that the discharge no longer qualifies for a General Permit;
Page 9 of 16

d) A change has occurred in the availability of demonstrated technology or practices for the
control or abatement of pollutants applicable to the point source;
e) The discharge violates the terms or conditions of this general permit;
f) Effluent limitations are promulgated for the point sources covered by this general permit;
g) A Water Quality Management Plan containing requirements applicable to such point sources is
approved after the issuance of this general permit.
7) When an Individual Permit may be Requested - Any permittee operating under this general permit
may request to be excluded from the coverage of this general permit by applying for an individual
permit. When an individual permit is issued to an owner/operator the applicability of this general
permit is automatically terminated on the effective date of the individual permit.
SECTION IV
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF POLLUTION CONTROLS
1) Proper Operation and Maintenance - The permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain all
control measures and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed or
used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the conditions of this general permit.
2) Need to Halt or Reduce not a Defense - It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action
that it was necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the
condition of this general permit.
3) Bypassing of Stormwater Control Facilities
a) Bypass Not Exceeding Limitations.
The permittee may allow any bypass to occur which does not cause effluent limitations to be exceeded,
but only if it also is for essential maintenance to assure efficient operation or as part of a planned action
specified in the approved Erosion and Sedimentation Control Permit. These bypasses are not subject to
the provisions of Paragraphs b. and c. of this section.
b) Notice
i) Anticipated bypass - If the permittee knows in advance of the need for a bypass, it shall submit
prior notice, if possible at least ten days before the date of the bypass; including an evaluation of
the anticipated quality and effect of the bypass.
ii) Unanticipated bypass - The permittee shall submit notice to the Division contact (See Section
VIII.) within 24 hours of the occurrence of an unanticipated bypass.
c) Prohibition of Bypass
Bypass is prohibited and the Director may take enforcement action against a permittee for bypass,
unless:
i) Bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury or severe property damage;
ii) There were no feasible alternatives to the bypass, such as the use of auxiliary control facilities,
retention of stormwater or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime or dry
weather. This condition is not satisfied if adequate backup controls should have been installed in the
exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass which occurred during normal
periods of equipment downtime or preventive maintenance; and
iii) The permittee submitted notices as required under Paragraph b. of this section.
d) The Director may approve an anticipated bypass, after considering its adverse effects, if the
Director determines that it will meet the three conditions listed above in Paragraph c. of this section.
4) Upsets
a) Definition - "Upset' means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary
noncompliance with technology -based permit effluent limitations because of factors beyond the
reasonable control of the permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by
Page 10 of 16

inadequate treatment or control facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or improper
operation.
b) Effect of an Upset - An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for
noncompliance with technology based permit effluent limitations if the requirements of paragraph c. of
this condition are met. No determination made during administrative review of claims that
noncompliance was caused by upset, and before an action for noncompliance, is final administrative
action subject to judicial review.
c) Conditions Necessary for a Demonstration of Upset - A permittee who wishes to establish the
affirmative defense of upset shall demonstrate, through properly signed, contemporaneous operating
logs, or other relevant evidence that:
i) An upset occurred and that the permittee can identify the cause(s) of the upset;
ii) The permitted facility was at the time being properly operated;
iii) The permittee submitted notice of the upset as required in this general permit, and,
iv) The permittee complied with any remedial measures required in this general permit.
d) Burden of Proof - In any enforcement proceeding, the permittee seeking to establish the
occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof.
2) Inspection and Entry- The permittee shall allow the Director or an authorized representative
(including an authorized contractor acting as a representative of the Director), upon the presentation
of credentials and other documents as may be required by law, to:
a) Enter upon the permittee's premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or
conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions of this general permit;
b) Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any records that must be kept under the
conditions of this general permit;
c) Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and control
equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under this general permit; and
d) Sample or monitor at reasonable times, for the purposes of assuring general permit compliance or as
otherwise authorized by the Clean Water Act, any substances or parameters at any location.
SECTION V
PERMIT ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE ISSUES
1) Time of compliance - Erosion and sedimentation control measures shall be maintained, and self- monitoring
shall continue, after the completion of construction and development until the establishment of permanent
ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion or until the financially responsible party has conveyed ownership
or control of the tract of land for which the erosion and sedimentation control plan has been approved and
the agency that approved the plan has been notified. If the financially responsible party has conveyed
ownership or control of the tract of land for which the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan has been
approved, the new owner or person in control shall conduct and document self -monitoring until the
establishment of permanent ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion.
Upon establishment of permanent ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion, the permittee shall request an
inspection by the permitting authority to verify the adequacy of the ground cover.
Coverage under the permit shall end when a Sedimentation Inspection Report is issued documenting the
final stabilization of the site with adequate permanent ground cover. The signed Sedimentation Inspection
Report shall serve as a notice of termination.
2) Operation efficiency- During construction and until the completion of construction or development and
the establishment of permanent stabilization, the permittee shall provide the operation and maintenance
necessary to operate the storm water control measures and all erosion and sedimentation control
measures at optimum efficiency.
Page 11 of 16

or other pollutants these actions must be performed as soon as possible and before the next storm event to
maintain the effectiveness of the control measures.
4) Duty to Comply- The permittee must comply with all conditions of this general permit. Any permit
noncompliance constitutes a violation of the Clean Water Act and is grounds for enforcement action;
certificate of coverage termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; or denial of a
certificate of coverage upon renewal application.
a) The permittee shall comply with effluent standards or prohibitions established under section 307(a) of
the Clean Water Act for toxic pollutants and with standards for sewage sludge use or disposal
established under section 405(d) of the CWA within the time provided in the regulations that establish
these standards or prohibitions or standards for sewage sludge use or disposal, even if the permit has
not yet been modified to incorporate the requirement.
b) The Clean Water Act provides that any person who violates section 301, 302, 306, 307, 308, 318 or 405
of the Act, or any permit condition or limitation implementing any such sections in a permit issued under
section 402, or any requirement imposed in a pretreatment program approved under sections 402(a)(3)
or 402(b)(8) of the Act, is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $27,000 per day for each violation.
The Clean Water Act provides that any person who negligently violates sections 301, 302, 306, 307,
308, 318, or 405 of the Act, or any condition or limitation implementing any of such sections in a permit
issued under section 402 of the Act, or any requirement imposed in a pretreatment program approved
under section 402(a)(3) or 402(b)(8) of the Act, is subject to criminal penalties of $2,500 to $25,000 per
day of violation, or imprisonment of not more than 1 year, or both. In the case of a second or
subsequent conviction for a negligent violation, a person shall be subject to criminal penalties of not
more than $50,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment of not more than 2 years, or both. Any
person who knowingly violates such sections, or such conditions or limitations is subject to criminal
penalties of $5,000 to $50,000 per day of violation, or imprisonment for not more than 3 years, or both.
In the case of a second or subsequent conviction for a knowing violation, a person shall be subject to
criminal penalties of not more than $100,000 per day of violation, or imprisonment of not more than 6
years, or both. Any person who knowingly violates section 301, 302, 303, 306, 307, 308, 318 or 405 of
the Act, or any permit condition or limitation implementing any of such sections in a permit issued under
section 402 of the Act, and who knows at that time that he thereby places another person in imminent
danger of death or serious bodily injury, shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not more than
$250,000 or imprisonment of not more than 15 years, or both. In the case of a second or subsequent
conviction for a knowing endangerment violation, a person shall be subject to a fine of not more than
$500,000 or by imprisonment of not more than 30 years, or both. An organization, as defined in section
309(c)(3)(B)(iii) of the CWA, shall, upon conviction of violating the imminent danger provision, be
subject to a fine of not more than $1,000,000 and can be fined up to $2,000,000 for second or
subsequent convictions.
c) Under state law, a daily civil penalty of not more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) per
violation may be assessed against any person who violates or fails to act in accordance with the terms,
conditions, or requirements of a permit. [Ref. NC General Statute 143- 215.6A].
d) Any person may be assessed an administrative penalty by the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency for violating section 301, 302, 306, 307, 308, 318 or 405 of the Clean Water Act, or
any permit condition or limitation implementing any of such sections in a permit issued under section
402 of this Act. Administrative penalties for Class I violations are not to exceed $16,000 per violation,
with the maximum amount of any Class I penalty assessed not to exceed $37,500. Penalties for Class
II violations are not to exceed $16,000 per day for each day during which the violation continues, with
the maximum amount of any Class II penalty not to exceed $177,500.
5) Duty to Mitigate - The permittee shall take all reasonable steps to minimize or prevent any discharge in
violation of this general permit that has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the
Page 12 of 16

6) Civil and Criminal Liability - Except as provided in Section IV.3. of this permit regarding bypassing of
stormwater control facilities, nothing in this general permit shall be construed to relieve the permittee from
any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties for noncompliance pursuant to NCGS 143-215.3,143-215.6A, 143-
215.613, 143-215.6C or Section 309 of the Federal Act, 33 USC 1319. Furthermore, the permittee is
responsible for consequential damages, such as fish kills, even though the responsibility for effective
compliance may be temporarily suspended.
7) Oil and Hazardous Substance Liability - Nothing in this general permit shall be construed to preclude the
institution of any legal action or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties to
which the permittee is or may be subject to under NCGS 143-215.75 et seq. or Section 311 of the Federal
Act, 33 USC 1321. Furthermore, the permittee is responsible for consequential damages, such as fish
kills, even though the responsibility for effective compliance may be temporarily suspended.
8) Proper!, Rights - The issuance of this general permit does not convey any property rights in either real or
personal property, or any exclusive privileges, nor does it authorize any injury to private property or any
invasion of personal rights, nor any infringement of Federal, State or local laws or regulations.
9) Severability - The provisions of this general permit are severable, and if any provision of this general
permit, or the application of any provision of this general permit to any circumstances, is held invalid, the
application of such provision to other circumstances, and the remainder of this general permit, shall not be
affected thereby.
10) Duty to Provide Information - The permittee shall furnish to the Director, within a reasonable time, any
information which the Director may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and
reissuing, or terminating the certificate of coverage issued pursuant to this general permit or to determine
compliance with this general permit. The permittee shall also furnish to the Director upon request, copies of
records required to be kept by this general permit.
11) Signatory Requirements
a) All applications, reports, or information submitted to the Director shall be signed and certified as
follows:
i) For a corporation: by a responsible corporate officer. For the purpose of this Section, a responsible
corporate officer means: (a) a president, secretary, treasurer or vice president of the corporation
in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or
decision making functions for the corporation, or (b) the manager of one or more manufacturing
production or operating facilities provided the manager is authorized to make management
decisions which govern the operation of the regulated facility including having the explicit or
implicit duty of making major capital investment recommendations, and initiating and directing
other comprehensive measures to assure long term environmental compliance with environmental
laws and regulations; the manager can ensure that the necessary systems established or actions
taken to gather complete and accurate information for permit application requirements; and where
authority to sign documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with
corporate procedures.
ii) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: by a general partner or the proprietor,
respectively; or
iii) For a municipality, State, Federal, or other public agency: by either a principal executive officer or
ranking elected official.
b) All reports required by the general permit and other information requested by the Director shall be
signed by a person described above or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person
is a duly authorized representative only if:
i) The authorization is made in writing by a person described above;
ii) The authorization specified either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall
operation of the regulated facility or activity, such as the position of plant manager, operator of a
well or well field, superintendent, a position of equivalent responsibility, or an individual or position

company. (A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual
occupying a named position.); and
iii) The written authorization is submitted to the Director.
c) Any person signing a document under paragraphs a. or b. of this section shall make the
following certification:
"I certify, under penalty of law, that this document and all attachments were prepared under my
direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel
properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or
persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the
information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate,
and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information,
including the possibility of fines and imprisonment for knowing violations."
12) Penalties for Tampering -The Clean Water Act provides that any person who falsifies, tampers with, or
knowingly renders inaccurate, any monitoring device or method required to be maintained under this general
permit shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 per violation, or by
imprisonment for not more than two years per violation, or by both. If a conviction of a person is for a
violation committed after a first conviction of such person under this paragraph, punishment is a fine of not
more than $20,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment of not more than 4 years, or both.
13) General Permit Modification, Revocation and Reissuance, or Termination - The issuance of this general
permit does not prohibit the Director from reopening and modifying the general permit, revoking and
reissuing the general permit, or terminating the general permit as allowed by the laws, rules, and regulations
contained in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 122 and 123; Title 15A of the North Carolina
Administrative Code, Subchapter 2H .0100; and North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1 et. seq.
14) Availabilityoports - Except for data determined to be confidential under NCGS 143- 215.3(a)(2) or
Section 308 of the Federal Act, 33 USC 1318, all reports prepared in accordance with the terms shall be
available for public inspection at the offices of the Division of Water Quality. As required by the Act,
discharge data shall not be considered confidential. Knowingly making any false statement on any such
report may result in the imposition of criminal penalties as provided for in NCGS 143-215.613 or in Section
309 of the Federal Act.
15) Penalties for Falsification of Reports - The Clean Water Act provides that any person who knowingly
makes any false statement, representation, or certification in any record or other document submitted or
required to be maintained under this general permit, including monitoring reports or reports of compliance or
noncompliance shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 per violation, or by
imprisonment for not more than two years per violation, or by both.
16) Anticipated Noncompliance - The permittee shall give advance notice to the Director of any planned
changes in the permitted facility or activity that may result in noncompliance with the general permit
requirements.
17) Other Information - Where the permittee becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in any
report to the Director, it shall promptly submit such facts or information.
18) Limitations Reopener - This general permit shall be modified or alternatively, revoked and reissued, to
comply with any applicable effluent guideline or water quality standard issued or approved under Sections
302(b) (2) (c), and (d), 304(b) (2) and 307(a) of the Clean Water Act, if the effluent guideline or water
quality standard so issued or approved:
a) contains different conditions or is otherwise more stringent than any effluent limitation in the general
permit; or
b) controls any pollutant not limited in the general permit.
c) The general permit as modified or reissued under this paragraph shall also contain any other Page 14 of 16

SECTION VI
DISCHARGE MONITORING AND TURBIDITY LIMITATIONS
This General Permit does not include requirements for numeric limits for discharges from construction sites.
However, the next reissuance of this North Carolina Construction General Permit (NCG 01) is scheduled
for five years from the date of approval of this permit and will contain effluent limitations as required in
Subpart B-Construction and Development Effluent Guidelines of Part 450 of the Code of Federal
Regulations.
SECTION VII
DEFINITIONS
1) Act or "the Act" or CWA - The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the Clean
Water Act, as amended, 33 USC 1251, et. seq.
2) Best Management Practices (BMPs) - Schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance
procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the pollution of waters of the
United States. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operation procedures, and management
practices to control site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw
material storage.
3) Bypass - The intentional diversion of stormwater from any portion of a stormwater control
facility.
4) Control Measures - Refers to any BMP or other structural or non-structural practices and
procedures used to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants including practices to control
erosion and sedimentation.
5) Director - The Director of the Division of Water Quality.
6) Division - The Division of Water Quality, Department of Environment, and Natural Resources.
7) EMC - The North Carolina Environmental Management Commission.
8) Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan - A plan developed in compliance with the North Carolina
Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973 to prevent the erosion and deposition of sediment and
other materials into the waters of the State from construction or other land- disturbing activities that
disturb one or more acres of land. Each plan must be approved by the NC Sedimentation Control
Commission or a program delegated by the Commission to a local government.
9) Ground cover - Any vegetative growth or other material which, when applied to the soil surface,
renders the soil surface stable against accelerated erosion.
10) Normal Business Hours - These are generally considered to be between the hours of 6 a.m. and 6 p.m., or
when workers are normally present on the construction site. Weekends and federal holidays are not
considered normal business hours unless construction activities are taking place on the site during those
times.
11) Permitting Autjoj t fhe permitting authority is the agency that issues the permit. The Division of Water
Quality is the delegated NPDES permitting authority and issues this permit. However, some erosion and
sedimentation control activities are performed by Division of Land Resources or the locally -delegated
programs. Other activities may be shared by the two divisions and the local programs. The Land Quality
Section of the Division of Land Resources and the Surface Water Protection Section of the Division of
Water Quality maintain a Memorandum of Understanding that specifies specific roles of the two divisions
and the local programs and will be used to assign specific control and oversight activities between the
agencies.
12) Permanently Cease - When all or part of the land disturbing activity is complete and no additional
alteration or disturbance of the land surface is planned prior to final stabilization.
13) Permanent Stabilization - When all soil disturbing activity is completed and exposed soils have been
stabilized with a vegetative cover with a density of at least 80% or covered with a structural stabilization
method. Permanent perennial vegetation may include the use of sod, shrubs and ground cover plants mixed Page 15 of 16

14) Permittee -The person, firm or organizational entity that signed as the financially responsible party
on the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan.
15) Point Source Discharge - Any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance, including but specifically
not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, discrete fissure, or container from which
pollutants are or may be discharged to waters of the state.
16) Soil Stabilization - The use of vegetative, physical or chemical coverage techniques that will
restrain accelerated erosion on disturbed soils for temporary or permanent control needs.
17) Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) - The elements of the State's stormwater pollution
prevention program that provide the technology -based requirements designed to protect the state's
waters from the adverse impacts of sediments. In North Carolina, the combination of the NCGO1
Construction General and the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan are considered the SWPPP. It
should be noted that on sites that involve multiple or complex sources of pollution, the Division may
require additional control measures as needed to assure that water quality is protected and these
additional measures will also be considered part of the SWPPP.
18) Temporarily Cease - When all or part of the site that is and will remain un-worked for a period of
days but where site land disturbing activity is not complete and additional land disturbing activity is
planned.
19) Temporary Stabilization - When the establishment of ground cover over all disturbed areas (such as
mulching, rolled erosion control products, vegetation, or other material) renders the surface stable against
accelerated erosion. Stabilization shall be achieved with the establishment of a uniform and
evenly -distributed (i.e., without large bare areas) ground cover with a cover density of at least 80%.
20) Severe property damage - Substantial physical damage to property, damage to the control measures that
cause them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources that can
reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean
economic loss caused by delays in production.
SECTION VIII
N.C. DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY CONTACTS
Asheville Regional Office Favetteville Regional Office
2090 U.S. Highway 70 Systel Building,
Swannanoa, NC 28778 225 Green St., Suite 714
828-296-4500 Fayetteville, NC 28301-5094
FAX [phone]
FAX [phone]
Winston-Salem Regional Washiniton Regional Office
585 Waughtown Street 943 Washington Square Mall
Winston-Salem, NC 27107 Washington, NC 27889
336-771-5000 252-946-6481
FAX [phone] FAX [phone]
Raleigh Regional Office Raleigh Regional Office Mail to:
3800 Barrett Drive 1628 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27609 Raleigh, NC 27699-1628
919-791-4200 Page 16 of 16
Mooresville Regional Office
610 East Center Ave
Mooresville, NC 28115
704-663-1699
FAX [phone]
Wilmington Regional Office
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Wilmington, NC 28405
910-796-7215
FAX [phone]