20000846 Ver 1_Stormwater Info_20060101 (2)

i -' PIEDMONT
TRIAD
AIRPORT AUTHORI-Fr
August 15, 2003
N.C. Division of Water Quality
401/Wetlands Unit
2321 Crabtree Blvd.
Raleigh, NC 27604-2260
Attention: Ms. Cyr!di Karoly
Re: Piedmont Triad Airport Authority;
.Section 401 Certification
Dear Ms. Karoly:

The Piedmont Triad Airport Authority ("PTAA") has reviewed the
proposed Section 401 Water Quality Certification (the "Proposed
Certification") and the proposed Public Hearing Process Report
("Process Report") that were posted on the Division's website in
connection with the public notice that was published on August 3,
2003, with regard to PTAA's pending 401 application.
PTAA requests that Condition No. 8 of the Proposed Certification
be changed to delete the requirement for the Division to approve
the permanent stormwater management plan for each respective
phase of the project "before the impacts associated with the
corresponding phase of the project occur" and to state instead
that the Division must approve the plans for each respective
phase "before anv of the facilities associated with the
corresponding phase of the project are occupied or opened for
use." This change is necessary for consistency with the timing
requirements in Condition Nos. 9 and 10. It is justified by the
fact that, until the facilities associated with a particular
phase are completed and in use, stormwater control is provided
through the erosion and sedimentation control plan rather than
the permanent stormwater system.
NERANDS /a cin F
AUG 1, 8 20Gq
n TEp 11;4LI ! Y EC ION
l
Piedmont Triad International Airport
Post Office Box 35445 • Greensboro, North Carolina 27425
Greensboro, [phone] • High Point [phone] • Winston-Salem [phone]
FAX; [phone]

PTAA understands that the retro-fit stormwater control plan
contemplated in Condition No. 8e will only be required to include
facilities that are necessary, in addition to the stormwater
controls for the project itself, to comply with applicable water
quality standards.
While PTAA was willing to cooperate in efforts to predict future
water quality impacts in the area surrounding the Airport, PTAA
disagrees with the statement, on Page 13 of the Process Report,
that "the year 2019 scenario is wi'L-.hin the scope of 'reasonably
anticipated future impacts' attributable to the project...."
PTAA believes that the development projected in the 2019
scenarios goes far beyond the limits of foreseeability as
contemplated in the applicable regulations and is not required
for regulatory compliance. It is PTAA's opinion that Scenarios 1
and 2 in the cumulative impact study comprise all of the
reasonably anticipated development that is required to be taken
into account in a cumulative impact analysis. Further PTAA is
concerned generally about the legal aspects of placing regulatory
requirements on the applicant for a Section 401 certification
based on highly speculative projections of future development,
most of which is not controlled by the applicant or is unrelated
to the proposed project.
This letter should not be interpreted as a concurrence by PTAA in
any of the other conditions in the proposed certification that
are not required for regulatory compliance, or in any of the
other opinions expressed in the Process Report.
Sincerely,
T AUTHORITY
PIEDMONT TRIWon
Edward A. JoExecutiv
e Director
EAJ:sf
PTAA's Randleman Stormwater Plan
Subject: PTAA's Randleman Stormwater Plan
Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2001 12:26:32 -0400
From: Megan Owen <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR, DWQ
To: Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>
CC: Steve Zoufaly <[e-mail]>,
Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>,
Steve Kroeger <[e-mail]>
Greg:
We have received a draft of the Piedmont Triad Airport Authority's
Randleman Stormwater Plan. This Plan is a chapter of their comp.
stormwater plan, which as of today, Bradley has still not received a
copy of. Steve and I have made preliminary comments on this plan. The
plan still needs some work, but we're still shooting for state approval
at the July WQC. If you would like to review this document yourself,
please let me know and I'll get a copy up to you. I am collecting
various DWQ comments until noon-ish on the 12th. On the 14th or 15th,
Steve and I will be meeting with Bill Cooke (an attorney for PTAA) to
discuss the necessary revisions.
All:
Also, during my review of this document, I noticed that part of the
proposed FedEx runway will be in the Randleman watershed. That fact
doesn't really affect anything LGAU has done with the PTAA, but I
thought you might want to know for mitigative purposes.
Megan Owen <[e-mail]>
Environmental Planner
North Carolina Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
1 of 1 6/7/01 1:12 Ply
Re: FedEx Stormwater Plan
Subject: Re: FedEx Stormwater Plan
Date: Mon, 09 Jul 200108:19:50 -0400
From: Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>
To: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
CC: cyndi karoly <[e-mail]>, John Dorney <[e-mail]>,
Bradley Bennett <[e-mail]>
Thanks, Todd! I would like to push them to do as much as possible to provide
wetland-oriented stormwater management (that addresses the safety issues, as
well, of course), in order to address the stated public concern, regardless of
what we would usually require for class C waters. I think the Fed Ex project
impacts justify such an approach. Please let me know what kind of response yo
get. If I need to talk to Messrs. Elmor or Johnson, in order to drive home the
point, I will do so. Let me know. Thanks!
"Todd St. John" wrote:
> I reviewed the stormwater manamement plans. I think they were supposed to be
> preliminary plans... Anyway, the designers adhered strongly to the FAA
> guidance that recommended no vegetation whatsoever around the perimeter of
> the ponds in some cases (our BMP Manual requires vegetation). Please find my
> attached response letter to the designers requesting additional information.
> The designers had not discussed our stormwater requirements with me (or
> anyone else that i know of from our Division) prior to submitting the plans.
> They did not provide much plan detail or supporting information. I think the
> plans were supposed to be preliminary. They did indicate that they were
> going to use dry detention basins with grass swales in some places, but no.
> details regarding the grass swales were provided.
> As you can see from my letter, I asked them to justify each instance of not,
> using vegetation. We have always adhered to an unwrtitten policy of safety=
> first. However, no other airport facility that i know of has proposed rip;
> rap lined ponds. I do not know if or how much the use of rip rap -as opposed
> to vegetation will diminish the effectiveness of the TSS removal ability•of
> these ponds or dry ponds and grassed swales. I do not believe that the
> proposed stormwater treatment will be as effective as extentended detention
> wetlands. However, for Class C waters we would accept normally designed
> extended wet detention basins or grassed swales and dry detention basins in
> series (as proposed).
> The bottom line is that they did not provide enough information to make the
> determination. Conceptually, the proposed stormwater measures would be
> considered adequate for Class C waters. However, the designs proposed the
> use of rip rap as opposed to vegetation in and around the ponds and it is
> not clear that the facilities are adegautely sized to meet our 85% TSS
> removal requirement. As such, I would not be willing to say yet that the
> public's concerns as stated have been addressed.
> Greg Thorpe wrote:
> > Todd,
> > I just wanted to send you this note while I'm thinking about it. One of
> > the things I want you to look for in PTAA's Stormwater Plan is to see if
> > they are proposing anything, such as constructed wetlands, that would
> > address some of the stormwater impacts from the airport facilities while
> > also providing some benefit to the drainage areas immediately
> > downstream. That is, something to address the public's concern that the
> > PTAA is giving their neighbors all the concrete, and giving Burlington
> > the wetlands. Please advise when you've made that determination.
> > Thanks!!
1 of 2 7/9/019:09 A?
PTIA Stormwater Management Plan
Subject: PTIA Stormwater Management Plan
Date: Tue, 10 Jul 200109:03:58 -0400
From: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Organization: DWQ Wetlands Unit
To: Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>,
"[e-mail]" <[e-mail]>,
RPK <[e-mail]>, [e-mail], [e-mail]
CC: [e-mail], "john.domey" <[e-mail]>
After discussing the Stormwater Managment Plan with the Hearing officer,
namely Greg, it has become apparent the public is very concerned about
the quality of the stormwater treatment proposed for the airport
expansion. As such, I would like to meet with PTIA or their
representitives to discuss the potential use of extended detention
wetlands as opposed to extended detention ponds, etc. for stormwater
manamgment at the proposed expansion. Also, I spoke to Kevin Baker this
morning and he wanted to also discuss the use of existing wetlands to
assimilate stormwater after it has been treated through some of the on
site BMPs proposed. As such, I recommend the following days as suggested
meeting days:
July 24th or July 26th at the Wetlands Unit Office.
If you are interested in attending, please let me know. If you really
want to attend but those days are not good for you please let me know
and I will accomodate your schedule.
I of 1 7/11/01 9:27 An
PTAA DWQ# 000846 Preliminary Informal Stormwater Comments
Subject: PTAA DWQ# 000846 Preliminary Informal Stormwater Comments
Date: Fri, 08 Mar 2002 08:57:28 -0500
From: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Organization: DWQ Wetlands Unit
To: cyndi karoly <[e-mail]>, Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>
PTAA - preliminary informal stormwater comments...
We finally got a response yesterday on the additional information that
we requested regarding stormwater issues. (Glenn Dunn had to hand
deliver it.)
In regards to the new impervious areas associated with the USACE permit
and 401 Water Quality Certification application, they likely will be
able to provide adequate stormwater treatment to meet the 85% TSS
removal requirements by using some innovative approaches to level
spreader design that bypass larger storm events. If they cannot, their
level spreaders are grossly undersized. We need to reserve the right to
review the final stormwater management plan before impacts occur (as we
usually do). The use of words like "could" and "if" in their response
make me a little nervous, but I assume we could hold them to the
appropriate designs with specific conditions.
In regards to the items that Greg about which was specifically
concerned...
First, PTAA has addressed the two drainage ways that run beneath hotel
drive and adjacent to long term parking by replacing some concrete with
rip rap to address erosion. I assume that is their only proposal for
these areas...
Second, they seem to have rejected the idea of adding a forebay to the
lake adjacent to Hotel Drive because "there are no calculations to
support the operation of the lake as a storm water pond." I interpret
this to say that they did not evaluate specifically whether or not it
was a good idea.
Third, we requested that they provide a review of existing stormwater
discharge points. They did provide a three sentence review. They
indicated that there are no erosional problems at a total of 10
outfalls. They only specifically identified two of the 10 as nos. 23 and
31. They also mentioned that they may not have inspected all of the
outfalls.
Forth, we asked them to provide a corrective action plan for those
existing outfalls exhibiting erosional or other problems contributing to
stream degradation. Oboviously they have proposed no corrective action
as they found no problems... I will add that when Cyndi and I went to
look at the site a few years ago seeing at least one stormwater outlet
with severe erosion associated wit it. Maybe that is one of the ones not
inspected...
I will give the "original" to Cyndi and get a copy to Greg... sorry, our
fax is still non-existent...
- -
Todd St. John, P.E.
Environmental Engineer 11
DWQ
Wetlands Unit
6/ P_Ln 014k1b, -7,F> 3 -
1 of 2 3/8/02 10:05 AN
Re: stormwater control
Subject: Re: stormwater control
Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2002 07:53:37 -0400
From: John Dorney <[e-mail]>
To: Steve Zoufaly <[e-mail]>
CC: Bradley Bennett <[e-mail]>,
Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
"Todd St. John" <todd.st.john @ncmail.net>,
to answer bradley's question about who is the hearing officer since greg left (the
real reason he left of course is this project - cyndi went to the "trouble" of having
a baby and greg was not sure he could do that!) - cyndi gets to do the hearing
officer report with coleen. coleen will then be the de-facto hearing officer.
cyndi - did i get this right?
Steve Zoufaly wrote:
> If the dry ponds are not designed to capture/treat petroleum products that may be
> in the stormwater runoff, then the decision maker(s) may want to consider
> requiring oil/water seperators (or some other methodology) in combination with
> the dry detention basins.
> Bradley Bennett wrote:
> > I would guess their "state standards" refere to our general pond design
> > criteria. We don't have any specific design standards assoicated with the
> > concerns here.
> > Another question - Who is the hearing officer now?
> > "Todd St. John" wrote:
> > > if the hearing office and director believe that that is an issue in this
> > > instance than i guess it could be a 401 issue. i am not certain what "State
> > > (design) standards" they would be refering to when it comes to
> > > hydrocarbons... Bradley, are you aware of any such design standards?
> > > Steve Zoufaly wrote:
> > > > I asked Baker and Associates if the stormwater ponds being designed for
> > > > the FedEx facility would control all forms of pollutants, including
> > > > petroleum products. Their response was that the ponds are designed to
> > > > State standards. Concern was expressed at the PTAA public hearing about
> > > > petroleum products in stormwater runoff. I think that is a valid issue
> > > > to consider and if warranted, could be addressed through the 401 WQ
> > > > certification.
> > Bradley Bennett
> > NC Division of Water Quality
> > Stormwater and General Permits Unit
> > 1617 Mail Service Center
> > Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
> > Phone: [phone] ext. 525
> > Fax: [phone]
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > Mailto:[e-mail]
> > Web Site http: 11h2o. enr. state. nc. uslsulstormwater.html
1 of 1 9/30/02 11:49 AN
Re: stormwater control
Subject: Re: stormwater control I
Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2002 16:04:46 -0400
From: Steve Zoufaly <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR DWQ
To: Bradley Bennett <[e-mail]>,
"Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>, Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>,
"john.dorney" <[e-mail]>
I had the impression that PTAA was not installing oil/water separators. PTAA's
response to the public during their public hearing on the major variance could easily
have cleared this public concern up. (Public comments were made that there is concern
that petroleum products from the proposed facility would enter Greensboro's WS.) They
failed to do so. Unless things have changed from the FEIS, apparently oil/water
separators will be installed. (Perhaps you knew this already so pardon me for being
redundant.) Section 6.3.4 of the PTAA FEIS states "However, PTAA has committed to use
the NPDES limits as specified on the active permit at the time of the design of the
proposed facilities as the design criteria for any necessary oil/water separators.
The oil/water separators will be designed to discharge no greater than 15 parts per
million (ppm) of oil and grease. This system will be designed concurrently with the
stormwater management system."
As for glycol runoff. The FEIS states that there are no regulations in effect, but
"In the event that regulations are established, the PTAA is committed to fully
complying with the requirements established in the regulations."
Steve Zoufaly wrote:
> If the dry ponds are not designed to capture/treat petroleum products that may be
> in the stormwater runoff, then the decision maker(s) may want to consider
> requiring oil/water seperators (or some other methodology) in combination with
> the dry detention basins.
> Bradley Bennett wrote:
> > I would guess their "state standards" refere to our general pond design
> > criteria. We don't have any specific design standards assoicated with the
> > concerns here.
> > Another question - Who is the hearing officer now?
> > "Todd St. John" wrote:
> > > if the hearing office and director believe that that is an issue in this
> > > instance than i guess it could be a 401 issue. i am not certain what "State
> > > (design) standards" they would be refering to when it comes to
> > > hydrocarbons... Bradley, are you aware of any such design standards?
> > > Steve Zoufaly wrote:
> > > > I asked Baker and Associates if the stormwater ponds being designed for
> > > > the FedEx facility would control all forms of pollutants, including
> > > > petroleum products. Their response was that the ponds are designed to
> > > > State standards. Concern was expressed at the PTAA public hearing about
> > > > petroleum products in stormwater runoff. I think that is a valid issue
> > > > to consider and if warranted, could be addressed through the 401 WQ
> > > > certification.
1 of 2 9/30/02 11:53 M
stormwater control
> >
> > Bradley Bennett
> > NC Division of Water Quality
> > Stormwater and General Permits Unit
> > 1617 Mail Service Center
> > Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
> > Phone: [phone] ext. 525
> > Fax: [phone]
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > Mailto:[e-mail]
> > Web Site http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/su/stormwater.html
Steve Zoufaly <Steve.Zoufaly>
Env. Supervisor
Division of Water Quality
DENR
2 of 2 9/30/02 11:53 AM
(no subject)
Subject: (no subject)
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2003 14:22:34 -0500
From: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR DWQ
To: [e-mail], [e-mail]
CC: "john.dorney" <[e-mail]>, Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
Per our meeting today:
I decided to email as oppose to fax. I would like to recommend the
following additions/modifications to your DRAFT letter that you provided
at today's meeting:
1) I think it will be more accurate to describe these devices as flow
spreaders since they will not function like level spreaders as described
in our Design Guidance. In other words the purpose of these devices will
be to disperse stormwater into the wetlands so that it will cover a
certain area of the wetlands as opposed to achieving diffuse flow, for
instance. Also, please add the comment that we discussed that additional
level spreader length may be provided if USACE approval is obtained to
impact the wetland buffer.
3) I think we should specifically add some parameters for grading the
basin bottoms to encourage hydrophytic vegetation. For instance, I would
suggest something like: The of the bottom of the basin shall be graded
and then ripped in such a way to encourage vegetation growth and that
shall result in approximately 50% of the basin bottom having small
depressions of no more than 20 feet by 20 feet and that average 0.3 to
0.5 feet below the grade shown in the plans. Additionally, small pools
at least 3 feet deep and at least 10 feet by 10 feet in size shall be
spaced at no more than 100 foot centers to provide refugia for species
such as Gambousia [sp?] for mosquito control. Except for the baffles and
inlet and outlet structures, the remaining basin bottom should be at or
below the grade shown in the plans. I would suggest that the second
sentence read something like: Top soil will be stockpiled during
construction and and spread along the bottom of the basins to establish
the final grade to encourage vegetation growth. Also, I would recommend
that you provide a planting plan for the bottom of the basins that will
include the use of a herbaceous wetland seeding mix that will be
recommended by MACTEC and that small, native wetland shrubs of at least
two species will be planted across approximately 20% of basin floor at a
density of 3 to 5 foot centers. The goal of this planting plan will be
to provide hydrophytic vegetation that will also discourage geese and
other large birds from visiting the basins. Finally, I recommend that
you provide as built plans to show that the above has been achieved once
the basins are converted to permanent stormwater management devices.
4) "As" should be changed to "If".
5) Please describe why the side slopes are proposed at 2:1.
6) We need some sort of provision in the restored wetlands that would
require repairs that would preclude the formation of any channels and
maintain disperse flow of stormwater. That aspect could be worked into
the restoration plan but should be addressed in the Operation and
Maintenance Agreement.
The Operation and Maintenance Agreement (O&M) should address the fact
that the dry basin will function like a wetland and that the natural and
restored wetlands need to be maintained. I recommend that you review the
0&M at http://h2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/oandm.doc.
Additionally, the 0&M needs to address the following topics:
1) The natural and restored wetlands need to be inspected every six
months. If any areas of erosion or concentrated flow are noted, measures
must be immediately taken to repair eroded areas and to disperse
1 of 2 10/28/03 9:43 AM
(no subject)
concentrated flow. None of these repair or maintenance activities shall
be conducted with heavy equipment without written authorization from DWQ
and the USACE. Also, during the project construction phase and until the
site is released by DLR the natural wetlands, constructed wetlands (once
they are built) and wetland buffers shall be inspected every quarter at
a minimum for signs of erosion or sediment accumulation. Repairs to
eroded areas and removal of significant accumulated sediment shall be
conducted as needed without the use of heavy equipment (unless its use
is authorized in writing by the USACE and DWQ).
2) I recommend that the term level spreader be changed to flow spreader.
3) When the basins are maintained. The basin bottoms should be returned
to the grade as shown in the as built plans. Also, the disturbed surface
must be ripped if compacted and re-vegetated. The following methods of
re-vegetation may be used. The top 0.3 feet of the basin bottom may be
stockpiled and reapplied to the disturbed area to achieve final grade.
Or the disturbed area shall be revegetated according to the vegetation
planting plan above.
2 of 2 10/28/03 9:43 AM
FED EX stormwater plan
I
Subject: FED EX stormwater plan
From: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Date: Fri, 26 Sep 2003 08:45:42 -0400
To: [e-mail]
CC: John.domey" <[e-mail]>, Cyndi Karoly
<Cyndi.Karoly @ NCMail.Net>, "daryl.lamb" <daryl.lamb @ ncmail.net>
Mickie,
(I seem to have lost Kevin's email address, could you please forward
this to him?)
As we discussed yesterday during our meeting, it does not appear
that you will be able to meet the 85% TSS removal requirement for a
WSIII watershed by traditional means. However, the Wetalnds Unit
does believe that a combination of created or designed wetlands the
will discharge via flow dispersing devices into natural and restored
wetlands can achieve the above requirement. I have made this
determination based on the extent of the existing natural wetlands
and by suggesting revisions to the existing plans as we discussed
yesterday. The following is a summary of the necessary revisions to
the plan:
1) The length, width, design and location of the flow spreading
devices and the emergency spillway must be modified as we discussed
and hand-drew on the plans. The width of the flow spreading devices
must also be maximized. If the USACE agrees, the lip must be
constructed of hard material such as block, concrete, or other
materials to achieve precise, even flow. If not the lip must be
precisely graded, compacted and stabilized to provide even flow.
2) The bottoms of the detention basins must be graded and ripped to
encourage small ephemeral pond areas thereby creating a constructed
wetland. We can discuss exact grading parameters later. We would
also want to apply 4" to 8" inches of top soil (if available) to
encourage vegetation growth.
3) As we discussed, we would like to explore the use of hand-placed
natural materials such as logs, etc. generated by the site
construction to help maintain and maximize dispersed flow into and
in the wetlands (pending USACE agreement).
4) The Operation and Maintenance Agreement will also have to be
crafted to reflect the need to conduct hand repairs and maintenance
in the existing, natural wetlands as well as normal maintenance of
the basins and flow dispersion devices.
5) There were other items that we discussed that we all agreed would
be provided.
1 of 2 10/10/03 10:00 AM
FED EX stonnwater plan
This email is not the formal approval of your stormwater plan for I
the FED Ex phase, but is intended to provide confirmation of what we
discussed. I discussed these concepts with John and Cyndi and we are
willing to accept the concepts if they can be achieved.
Thanks, todd
2 of 2 10/10/03 10:00 AM
Re: "d: (no'subject)]
Subject: Re: [Fwd: (no subject)]
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2003 08:58:10 -0500
From: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR DWQ
To: Kevin Baker <[e-mail]>
CC: "john.dorney" <[e-mail]>, Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
Kevin,
The stormwater system that is being developed is not standard to the BMP Manual because it includes the
use of natural and restored wetlands as well as a modified dry pond that is intended to function like a
non-marsh wetland. Your original proposal included the use of a dry pond followed by a forested filter
strip. You were not able to provide this because you could not meet the necessary length of filter strip
needed to meet the BMP Manual (for both 1995 and 1999 versions) even with the less restrictive measures
made available by the Level Spreader Design Guidance (2001). This is why the concept of a dry pond
followed by a forested filter strip was set aside. The proposed system is meant to function like a extended
detention wetland. It incorporates similar design features such as 2 to 5 day detention of the runoff from a
1" rain. It also should provide the same surface area as an extended detention wetland without the marsh
type characteristics which may attract wildlife that could endanger airline traffic.... Anyway, as we just
discussed, please incorporate all of my comments from my previous email as I believe the items i
described would help with the success of the system.
Item
no. 3) a) I really believe that the basin floors need to be ripped before the top soil is applied (also see item
4 in proposed O&M see item 3 of my suggestions). b) Also, i do not have the plant list and I could not find
it. c) The entire basin floor must be planted or seeded with herbaceous wetland plants. 20% of that needs to
be planted with shrubby wet tolerant vegetation to discourage unwanted wildlife. The shrubs should be
planted with 3 to 5 foot centers, depending on the shrubs and sizes.
O&M - item 2 - the mowing should apply to the side slopes only not to the basin bottom... also the 6 inch
max height can be adjusted for FAA guidelines... item 4 - the first paragraph does not make sense... also
please see item 3 in my previous O&M comments...
hope that covers it, todd
Kevin Baker wrote:
I'll be here. Give a yell Wany questions.
tx
"Todd St. John" <[e-mail]> 10/29/2003 2:34:58 PM
got the fax... i've got to leave the office this pm... if the package
1 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PN
Re: [Fwd: (no subject)]
gets in i'll take a look at it first thing tomorrow...
todd
Kevin Baker wrote:
Todd - Check your fax. We're sending the all the info (except, of
course the revised plan sheet) via fax for you to review. Original
of
the package and Drawing will arrive in standard FedEx delivery this
afternoon. It's on the fax as I'm typing.
kevin
"Todd St. John" <[e-mail]> 10/29/2003 10:43:45 AM
as far as lifes little ironies go... fed ex hasn't come by yet, so
I'm
told...
todd
Kevin Baker wrote:
Todd:
Have adjusted per your comments. All the information is in a FedEx
2 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
Rea C va: (np subject)]
box
on it's way to you. Please call me in the am if you have any
questions,
or don't receive the package.
Thanks for your help!
Kevin
"Todd St. John" <[e-mail]> 10/27/2003 2:24:53 PM
Sorry, Kevin...
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: (no subject)
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2003 14:22:34 -0500
From: Todd St. John <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR DWQ
To: [e-mail], [e-mail]
CC: john.dorney <[e-mail]>, Cyndi Karoly
<[e-mail]>
Per our meeting today:
3 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PN
Re: [Fwd: (no subject)]
I decided to email as oppose to fax. I would like to recommend the
following additions/modifications to your DRAFT letter that you
provided
at today's meeting:
1) I think it will be more accurate to describe these devices as
f low
spreaders since they will not function like level spreaders as
described
in our Design Guidance. In other words the purpose of these devices
will
be to disperse stormwater into the wetlands so that it will cover a
certain area of the wetlands as opposed to achieving diffuse flow,
for
instance. Also, please add the comment that we discussed that
additional
level spreader length may be provided if USACE approval is obtained
to
impact the wetland buffer.
3) I think we should specifically add some parameters for grading

4 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
Re: [Fwd: (Yip, subject)]
I
the
basin bottoms to encourage hydrophytic vegetation. For instance, I
would
suggest something like: The of the bottom of the basin shall be
graded
and then ripped in such a way to encourage vegetation growth and
that
shall result in approximately 50% of the basin bottom having small
depressions of no more than 20 feet by 20 feet and that average 0.3
to
10.5 feet below the grade shown in the plans. Additionally, small
5 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PTV.
Re: [Fwd: (no subject)] ,, ti,..a •,
pools
at least 3 feet deep and at least 10 feet by 10 feet in size shall
be
spaced at no more than 100 foot centers to provide refugia for
species
such as Gambousia [sp?] for mosquito control. Except for the baffles
and
inlet and outlet structures, the remaining basin bottom should be at
or
below the grade shown in the plans. I would suggest that the second
sentence read something like: Top soil will be stockpiled during
construction and and spread along the bottom of the basins to
6 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
Re: [Fwd: (no,subject)]
establish
the final grade to encourage vegetation growth. Also, I would
recommend
that you provide a planting plan for the bottom of the basins that
will
include the use of a herbaceous wetland seeding mix that will be
recommended by MACTEC and that small, native wetland shrubs of at
least
two species will be planted across approximately 20% of basin floor
at
a
density of 3 to 5 foot centers. The goal of this planting plan will
7 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
Re: [Fwd: (no subject)] i
'u.n
be
to provide hydrophytic vegetation that will also discourage geese
and
other large birds from visiting the basins. Finally, I recommend
that
you provide as built plans to show that the above has been achieved
once
the basins are converted to permanent stormwater management devices.
4) "As" should be changed to "If".
5) Please describe why the side slopes are proposed at 2:1.
6) We need some sort of provision in the restored wetlands that
8 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
RL [Fwd; (no subject)]
would
require repairs that would preclude the formation of any channels
and
maintain disperse flow of stormwater. That aspect could be worked
into
the restoration plan but should be addressed in the Operation and
Maintenance Agreement.
The Operation and Maintenance Agreement (0&M) should address the
fact
9 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PN
r
Re: [Fwd: (no subject)]
that the dry basin will function like a wetland and that the natural
and
restored wetlands need to be maintained. I recommend that you review
the
0&M at http://h2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/oandm.doc.
Additionally, the 0&M needs to address the following topics:
1) The natural and restored wetlands need to be inspected every six
months. If any areas of erosion or concentrated flow are noted,
measures
must be immediately taken to repair eroded areas and to disperse
concentrated flow. None of these repair or maintenance activities
shall
be conducted with heavy equipment without written authorization from
DWQ
and the USACE. Also, during the project construction phase and until
the
site is released by DLR the natural wetlands, constructed wetlands
(once
they are built) and wetland buffers shall be inspected every quarter
at
a minimum for signs of erosion or sediment accumulation. Repairs to
eroded areas and removal of significant accumulated sediment shall
be
conducted as needed without the use of heavy equipment (unless its
10 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
Re: [Fwd (qo stibject)]
use
is authorized in writing by the USACE and DWQ).
2) I recommend that the term level spreader be changed to flow
spreader.
3) When the basins are maintained. The basin bottoms should be
returned
to the grade as shown in the as built plans. Also, the disturbed
surface
must be ripped if compacted and re-vegetated. The following methods
of
re-vegetation may be used. The top 0.3 feet of the basin bottom may
be
stockpiled and reapplied to the disturbed area to achieve final
grade.
11 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
Re: [Fwd: (no subject)] `? If
Or the disturbed area shall be revegetated according to the
vegetation
planting plan above.
12 of 12 10/30/03 1:08 PM
AUG 2 ''.. ! Baker and Associates
G? A Unit of Michael Baker Corporation
1 G?o?3 202 CentrePort Drive, Suite 110
August 22, 2001 Greensboro, NC 27409
[phone]
FAX [phone]
Mr. Todd St. John, P.E.
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Subject: Stormwater Management Plan
Piedmont Triad International Airport
401 Water Quality Permit Application Supplement
Dear Mr. St. John:
Baker and Associates (Baker) is in receipt of your letter dated 28 June 2001 stating your
comments on the Storm Water Management Plan (SWMP) for the Piedmont Triad International
Airport (PTIA).
The SWMP as submitted to your office was prepared as a comprehensive guidance manual for
future development at PTIA. During the meeting held in your office on 26 July 2001, you
clarified that your review letter was requesting specific design data for the proposed ponds that
are contained in the 401 Water Quality Permit Application for the proposed 2005 Development
Program and was not a review of the comprehensive SWMP. This letter addresses your
concerns.
The discussion at the meeting resulted in a list of several suggestions that the Division of Water
Quality requested Baker to investigate and a request for additional information. The following
are the results of the investigations and the requested additional information.
ADDITIONAL REQUESTED INFORMATION
The ponds that are related to the 401 Water Quality Permit Application are identified on the
attached site plan. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular 150/5200-33
Hazardous Wildlife Attractants on or near Airports discusses compatible land uses adjacent to
aircraft operations. The FAA does not recommend the use of wet retention basins. Therefore,
the ponds within the airport project area that are contained within the 401 Permit Application are
proposed as dry detention basins. These pond locations and elevations are proposed since the
design is currently in the preliminary phase. The attached worksheets provide information that
defines the hydraulic concepts, discharge rates and pond sizes for the progression into final
design. It is anticipated that pond bottom elevations will change due to final location and final
grading of the site but the pond will remain within the same drainage basin. The height of the
riser, embankment and pond dimensions is anticipated to remain reasonably constant. Variations
may occur due to final design grading and the final locations of inlets and basin collection areas.
It is anticipated that the final design will include all of the necessary detailed calculations and
siting information.
0

August 22, 2001
Mr. Todd St. John, P.E.
Page 2
Attached are Division of Water Quality 401 Extended Dry Detention Basin Worksheets, a typical
Dry Detention Pond Detail and a Site Plan that locates each of the following ponds:
F-1 F-19 F-22 F-27
F-2 F-20 F-23 F-28
F-3 F-21 F-24
INVESTIGATION RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
One of the issues raised by the Division of Water Quality (DWQ) is the use of additional Best
Management Practices (BMP) in conjunction with the dry detention basins to achieve 85%
removal of Total Suspended Solids (TSS). DWQ suggested the use of grass swales and filter
strips in conjunction with the dry ponds. The following is a brief discussion of these two BMP's
that are available and that can be implemented into the final design and the construction of the
ponds.
Grass Swales
As defined in the April 1999 BMP, 100 linear feet of swale is required for each acre of
drainage area. In most cases the discharge structure will flow almost directly into the
pond. The ponds will be designed to discharge up to the 10 year storm through the
principal spillway. It is intended to install grass swales at the downstream side of the
pond and upstream of the receiving stream or wetland to provide additional removal of
TSS. The 100 linear foot of grass swale per acre will be installed to the maximum extent
possible both upstream and downstream of the pond. Additional checkdams will be
installed to provide settling areas in the swales. The attached Site Plan provides
approximate lengths of grass swales upstream of each pond.
Filter Strips
As defined in the April 1999 BMP, 100 feet of width of a filter strip is required for each
acre of drainage area. In most cases the discharge structure will flow almost directly into
the pond. The ponds will be designed to discharge up to the 10 year storm through the
principal spillway. It is intended to install filter strips at the downstream side of the pond
and upstream of the receiving stream or wetland to provide additional removal of TSS.
The 100 linear foot of width per acre will be installed to the maximum extent possible
both upstream and downstream. Filter strips will be restricted to shrubs and grass. Trees
will not be planted in the filter strips. Trees are considered bird attractants and (through
growth) may result in possible airspace penetrations. Both issues are considered as safety
hazards.
Discharge Channels and Level Spreaders
The attached Site Plan displays the direction of the discharge channel from the principal
spillway. This discharge channel will be designed for velocity attenuation. Level
spreaders and wide flat discharge channels will be incorporated into the design in order to
reduce velocities and provide areas for storm discharge to pool and drop out additional
August 22, 2001
Mr. Todd St. John, P.E.
Page 3
suspended solids prior to their entry into the wetlands along Brush Creek. The discharge
velocity of the 100-year storm event through the emergency spillway is proposed to be
less than two (2) feet per second.
One of the issues raised by the DWQ is the design recommendation of the FAA regarding the
pond configuration and construction. The FAA recommends two to one side slopes, riprap lines
side slopes and no vegetation. The DWQ suggested in lieu of riprap lined side slopes to'plant the
slopes with shrubs to deter water fowl from entering the pond. This recommendation is
acceptable to the PTAA. The PTAA will also consider installation of fence around the ponds in
order to deter waterfowl.
One of the issues raised by the DWQ is the use of bioretention areas in lieu of a dry pond. The
drainage areas that flow into the proposed ponds identified as F-19 and F-22 were evaluated for
replacement with bioretention areas. The bioretention design methods as outlined in the April
1999 edition BMP were implemented and example calculations are provided on the attached
spreadsheet. The total estimated contributing drainage area is approximately twenty-four acres.
The maximum contributing drainage area is 5 acres. The attached calculations reveal that an
8,500 square foot bioretention area would be required with a grass swale and possibly a level
spreader upstream of the area and downstream of the discharge point from the roadway
collection system. The bioretention concept may be possible in this area due to the distance from
aircraft operations.
On behalf of the Piedmont Triad Airport Authority, Baker and Associates trusts that the
information contained in this letter will be sufficient to answer the questions and concerns of the
Division of Water Quality as it pertains to the 401 Water Quality Permit Application. Should
you require any additional information, contact this office at any time.
Sincerely.
BAKER AND ASSOCIATES
Gk? b?' k?
Allan R. Berenbrok, P.E.
Project Manager
ARB/sam
Enclosures
cc: Mickie Elmore (w/a)
Richard Darling (w/a)
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LEGEND
40 EP•I EXISTING POND
q9M WETLANDS
F-SED POND
FUTURE DEOPNENT
FOR EXISTING CONDITIONS
EXISTING DRAINAGE AREA
-H-P- • PROPOSED OIIANAGE AREA
IKIRSEPEN CREEK
BC BRUSH CREEK
OR DEEP RIVER
Project No. DWQ (to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET`'" '
DWQ Stormwater Management Plan Review
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
I. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name : `"CD hk Qtrr_ '7_?a, A 7 'r I' EizN ATr r?t•? 4? - /k r
Contact Person: P iZQc? !? z'p. C Phone Number:
Z
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to: Ff-)-Uo - ; vrFID
Drainage Area: Z 4 acres Percent Impervious Area:
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November 1995) and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H .1008. Initial in the space provided to. indicate the following
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If a requirement has.not `
been met, attach an explanation of why. , . . , ,
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
-1 capture runoff from I inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
SEF ATiAG?ct:D CALCvL_ A-'cr>c.15
E64oAt.4- 3' ? The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
?? 0 - P? The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1. -?? 17-A A Gi rum n R t 00 - 3 S
_tiu, Cor*, t-( A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
?b ??e L p &Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
V-1 t - Cc;k-#.PL- Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
E ? Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
wdLA, ? V-AeC.?f Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
? tt LL tora,\? Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
Wiu., Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
\i_UJ_ CG1--1k0t-?( Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
?14:> - k-12-?5 Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
\WLJ_ t"L1Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
y-t tU_? 6oFk pW Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
Will- LQt--vPL,,(If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
\,H t LL &0r-h PL?-( A site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
W I LL L2-#Ax1 A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.

FORM SWU109 04/98 Page I of I
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Project No. DWQ (to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
DWO Stormwater Management Plan Review:
A complete sormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name : 21 F-,Drt C,- 'r -1 712t A-o t l 1-gIZ lit c tg4L- /a-ieepeD?? T
Contact Person: At-LA tA rtZ =?E??i3a-D? Phone Number: (4 i Z) 2-&J
Z4¢ P?
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to: 'Z2, Z3, Z¢
Drainage Area:,. 4 Zi acres Percent Impervious`` 'Area: l %
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November. '1995). and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H. 1008. Initial in the space provided to indicate the following
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If.a requirement has.not
been met, attach an explanation of why. ., . .
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
capture runoff from 1 inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
`JEG fti'1lkC.N-l'?D G/a-C.GJLPrTt ?.?
eC-)0A4 `- 3 t The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
Ai2? The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1.R f-PA ?t Q cu?a I SP?SZaO - ?3
?I IILL 1-ca-VPLq A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
s1 s, ° ?a-P-S, An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
W I LL_ C ?> e? Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
W(U- [attp-A Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
?( 2- A4z(?5 Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
Wll.l. 6zrvpU/ Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
\! JtU_ Lb"PI-X Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
?LiLL (©yvA G Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
?tLC- 4 ? Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
`?- Ik(u'? Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
vi (LL- (At-teW Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
\kitl CON.Pt Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
ULttLL cot-,b,& If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
V" 11-t- Cwti?JA site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
Wt? ?A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.
s??G?-APES Z:l
FORM S WU 109 04/98 Page t of t
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Project No. DW =5
Q {to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET?.f': ` 2 ,4
DWO Stormwater Management Plan Review:
A complete stonnwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name : (??rk c??J r 7TZI A5D LNrr F PZ 1,JA c r-,rJ A-L__ A r 9_'P t, 7-
Contact Person: _XLt_Arf {2 r3 ,?_ ,gyp _ek- P F Phone Number: (4 CZ ) Z6q 2c4 fD
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to: aG2lJ, l "iTa 1:;? `2t
Drainage Area: acres Percent Impervious Area: %
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November. 1995) and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H .1008. Initial in the space provided to indicate the following
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If.a requirement has.not
been met, attach an explanation of why. ?f
Applicants Initials w fy
? lox M _
Either capture runoff from 1 24 hour storm and release over yr., a 48 hour period, or
t s- AV-c;, capture runoff from 1 inch stone and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
=-'care ? . P t

. to??
E?-6?Urws 3 t The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
ND - The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1. err FA,4, Gr
WI t-t, c.?L-L/ A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
`d Ca- ki*y$ An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
?y? 1 _ Co 4L-1I Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
\,Lt L.t Lotin&C Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
\00- (r+xtt? Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
\ tt i)_ Loi- ueU Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
Wt W- Lbws FW Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
\Ftu t, /o?OW Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
It4f Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
\uiti too Pt-\[ Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
W LL, CoWt t Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
y-OLL- Cot-APW If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
\p [U- (?_A site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
Via-- Core A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.

FORM SWU109 04/98 Page 1 of 1
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Project No. DWQ (to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
erg
DWO Stormwater Management Plan Review
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name :
Contact Person:
P,0 ?rJ zt\1 f?r? t?rlA t_
J('?Pt:tL- C Phone Number:
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to: X Z Z, 23. 2,1 , , C)t. D F: - Z 3
Drainage Area: -14 acres Percent Im1 pervious Area: ZCJ %
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November '1995). and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H.1008. Initial in the space provided to indicate the following,
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If a requirement has.not `
been met, attach an explanation of why. , .. , .
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
F?5 - P??? capture runoff from 1 inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
F0/uAt?4- 3' t The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
? The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1. F,4 It 064111 r Sri/SZvn ° '3
u L 60-KM A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
`(%- Pf-ti An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
w1LL tot-ki Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
\Pt LL tb?-kPLd Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
1?? - Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
Vu U_ l o" LLInlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
ltiJ (LL_ l o?A&C _Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
1,kl tLL 6Wq V Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
V f LL. lc &t.P44 Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
`EES- 4Aff7l':;> Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
1LtttrL loa-A,U! Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
WILL lot A L? Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
4ttt.L /ovaQLt If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
W IL tL ec* ft -A site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
\M LL tovkEP A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.
5'-pe z,,P95 z' 1
FORM SWU109 04/98 Page t of t
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Project No. DWQ (to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
DWQStormwater Management Plan Review:
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name : r t EDFA Or4l Ike
Contact Person: /kL-L- ,-J 'P- r`?j -Rze
P, -(etDoiAt-
E Phone Number: (et ( Z) 0-&1 z4 I- ?t>
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to: Pte- t4 1 Zo, ZZ,1?(p . PorNl?> F- i 4
Drainage Area: ? Z, acres Percent Impervious Area: 3 3 % ?' - Z. Z
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST ?rV\14
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November 1995) and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H .1008. Initial in the space provided to. indicate the following
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If a requirement has. not
been met, attach an explanation of why. 1. . .. , .
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
e S kf t capture runoff from 1 inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
,561?, to 1 1 P'ct- GAC?vLo j C t7? ??7
?01bPt, 5 3: t The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
from The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1. ? >;?A cr ?c?L.? l S?/Szoo 3 3
\kt(u , &nryPL\f A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
'40e. - 00> An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
Uru.L L a ?P??f Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
lutLL [-e Fgl ? Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
??5? to Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
\Iktt U- Lep?Qt- Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
uW.l- Lbr-A&Lq_Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
U ft U, Lot-OW Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
wt t,L ( e*OL? Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
1 ( - -VA-922 Forebay is provided to capture sediment and miniAize clean-out problems.
lttt r)?-4eL- Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
WtU- lm-1 Lev Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
Am tt L te'p>-kpW If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
\jot t-L COO-A t A site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
lP(LL- (&W-Y A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.

T7-"j - t' f 5 f?C Utdia'
CSC 9E?r-+z oil 23G
WAT
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Project No. DWQ (,,be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
DWQ Stormwater Management Plan Review
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name : {mot E??c?nrf 'T`? t,Ai7 ?,?,1"??.?2 ,-r c?N AC _- /a r r???T"
Contact Person: ?,& Phone Number: (4(Z-) Z&q Zq
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies ?-
Drainage Area: '2.1 acres Percent Impervious Area: %
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST 2-,% ? ?(7
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November '1995) and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 211.1008. Initial in the space provided to, indicate the following
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If a. requirement has. not
been met, attach an explanation of why.
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
capture runoff from 1 inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
?'°? 3 = I The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
Q-? The bas in side slopes are no steeper than 3:1.-(-r, (z- l A Gteu?c ?Sr I6 20 0
- ?,
V I i L &014 A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
1% - MS. An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
It t U- CQ4b l Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
V,tiu, co?-e?LtBasin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
(S - Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
W tU? ?-r y Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
Attu- CoF PLC Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
apt( U. (be- ',Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
?L tt - Coy-&K:.j Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
ES- fk- Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
Wtt.t- eVV4a, PTUncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
_WIU. Lorc??t Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
U.t(Lt- CQt-LPI- If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
WtLt- C.t;?-,ATA site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
?? tLl. Ga ?Qt`t`A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.
z; + s ? vc S?oP?S
FORM SWU109 04/98 Page I of I
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Project No. DWQ (to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
DWO Stormwater Management Plan Review:
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
I. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name : Et L i)1-k ni IT
Contact Person: A4 _C_A J 2 t :i
a.tJ A-- rA- C_ kt'
Phone Number: K t z) Z 6-4 ZR 4 e>
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to: D .tt% ?i 1UErtT A9_cP- Pd `'t 5
Drainage Area: 950 acres Percent Impervious Area: 1 OC7? % ?- I
E?,t e th 'p6t4 D
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST 00 QV ?? ?? N r
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources,' November 1995) and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H.1008. Initial in the space provided to.indicate the following-
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If.a requirement has. not
been met, attach an explanation of why.
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
r 5' /k capture runoff from 1 inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
Z. r.-F.- />zT?C ?F-1 17 eA-lZo4 GTl t7r?j
r G,JpA-? 3'? t The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
I4 D A--,2? The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3.1. - PcR ?Ra ?v"r Go,?c"4°
Wt?? c at +P? `( A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging. sc?? S
An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
\P t LL Gt?vk'CR \( Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
\KtILL cptisPc ?( Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
Fciz e- Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
I Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
uttu, Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
W, Lk- t-P? ?l Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
1. ,-J cot-t•rP Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
y'v5- A,-(Z(t) Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
\NtL.L Le?kpt> ( Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
\-kILU Cnk_k Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
vw Lc, cbKteN_If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
\I-nt.L cot Pt ?( A site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
4h LU 6,MMei2- A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.
FORM SWU109 04/98 Page 1 of 1
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LEGEND
WEIIAND AREA
® PROPOSED AIRFIELD IMPROVEMENTS
_ PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS
AIRPORT PROPERTY LINE
------- DRAINAGE BASINS
-N N k .1 F GRASS FILTER STRIPS
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AUG 17. 2001
IMP pr -u
Meeting Minutes
Piedmont Triad International Airport
Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan
Attendees: NC DENR: Water Quality
Piedmont Triad Airport Authority
Todd St.John, P.E.
Megan Owen
Mickie Elmore
Poyner & Spruill, LLC Glenn Dunn
Baker and Associates: Kevin Baker, P.E.
Ilan Berenbrok, P
Date: July 26, 2001
Location: Raleigh Office - 10:00 am
Prepared By: ABerenbrok, P.E.
CC: Jeff Gagnon, P.E. - Baker and Associates
Purpose:
This meeting was scheduled to discuss the current status of the Comprehensive Stormwater
Management Plan submission and the 401 Permit Application.
Summary of Meeting:
The meeting was held to discuss the current status of the Piedmont Triad International Airport
Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan. Mr. St. John described his review letter dated 28
June 2001 as a standard form letter. The meeting concentrated on the identification of the
stormwater management ponds that are contained in the 401 permit application.
Baker and Associates (Baker) identified the following as ponds contained in the 401 permit
application:
F-1 F-2
F-3 F-19
F-20 F-21
F-22 F-23
F-24 F-27
F-28
See attached drawing for the planned location of each pond. These locations are subject to
change based upon final design.
Page 1 of 2
C:\My Documents\Meeting minutes26july01.doc
Y
Meeting Mintues (continued)
26 July 2001
These ponds are planned to be constructed as dry retention basins due to the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) recommendations AC 150/5200-33 that read as follows;
3-7. WATER DETENTION OR RETENTION PONDS.
The movement of storm water away from runways, taxiways, and aprons is a normal
function on most airports and is necessary for safe aircraft operations. Detention ponds
hold stormwater for short periods, while retention ponds hold water indefinitely. Both
types of ponds control runoff, protect water quality, and can attract hazardous wildlife,
Retention ponds are more attractive to hazardous wildlife than detention ponds because
they provide a more reliable water source. To facilitate hazardous wildlife control, FAA
recommends using steep sided, narrow, linearly-shaped, rip-rap lined, water detention
basins rather than retention basins. When possible, these ponds should be placed away
from aircraft movements areas to minimize aircraft-wildlife interactions. All vegetation
in or around detention or retention basins that provide food or cover from hazardous
wildlife should be eliminated.
The FAA regulations address air traffic safety issues. Mr. St. John agreed that safety is the most
important issue.
The Department of Water Quality (DWQ) recommended that bioretention areas could be used for
ponds F-19 and F-22 . Baker will investigate.
DWQ suggested that level spreaders and grass or tree filter strips be installed at as many locations
as possible. Baker will investigate.
DWQ suggested that shrubs and plants be installed on the sides of the dry ponds in order to deter
geese from entering the ponds in lieu of the riprap lined sides. Baker will investigate.
DWQ suggested that redirecting existing runoff into controlling ponds could be counted as an
offset to the current storm flow peaks and possibly reduce the size of other proposed ponds.
Baker will respond to the DWQ letter with the appropriate dry and wet basin worksheets for
ponds with a brief summary of each pond. DWQ provided Baker with a hardcopy of the dry
detention basin worksheet.
Action items Responsible Party
1. Determine if bioretention areas can be installed in lieu of F-19 and F-22. Baker
2. Determine if level spreaders, grass and or tree filter strips can be installed Baker
3. Respond to the comments in the Todd St. John letter regarding the ponds
that are identified in the 401 Permit Application. Baker
Any additions or corrections of these minutes should be forwarded to Baker and Associates
within five days of receipt.
Page 2 of 2
C:\My DocumentsMeeting minutes26july01.doc

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EcoScience Corporation
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 101
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
919-828-3433 or 919-828-3518 (Fax)
MEMORANDUM
TO: Field Review Team
FROM: George Howard, John Preyer Restoration Systems
and Grant EcoScience Corporation
DATE: 3 July 2001
RE: Causey Farms, preliminary estimate of mitigation potential
The following summary represents a preliminary estimate of mitigation potential at the Causey Farm
site in Guilford County. The estimate is based on a brief site visit, cursory review of Natural
Resource Conservation Service (MRCS) soil mapping, and aerial photography provided by
Restoration Systems. This estimate includes a number of assumptions and unknowns that will affect
actual mitigation credit estimates.
Causey Farm is art approximately 288 acre tract of land located in southeastern Guilford County.
The property is currently utilized for livestock grazing and the majority of the site is characterized
by pasture. Two streams cross the property; 1) North Prong Stinking Creek and 2) an unnamed
tributary to North Prong Stinking Creek. The primary hydrologic feature within the site is the
unnamed tributary which flows north through the property and converges with North Prong near the
northern property boundary (Figure 1). The Causey Farm site encompasses approximately 6000
linear feet of unnamed tributary and 1000 linear feet of North Prong Stinking Creek. Numerous
smaller tributaries enter the mainstem channels, often originating on-site in agricultural ponds or in
groundwater seeps (Figure 1).
Streams
The unnamed tributary appears to represent the primary restoration feature within the Causey Farms
site. The tributary has been impacted by land uses associated with livestock grazing. Impacts
include numerous fords, dams, and trampled banks. In addition it appears that the tributary has been
dredged and straightened through some of its reach as evidenced by several abandoned channels.
Typically, straightening or adversely impacting a stream channel results in downcutting and incision
into a gully (G-type channel). Erosion and subsequent widening of the gully is expected to continue
until the gully is wide enough to function as a floodplain (typically 5 to 7 times the channel width).
Widening of a straightened gully tends to increase sinuosity of the channel and on-site channels
appear to be actively eroding a sinuous flow pattern.
Page 1 of 3

EcoScience Corporation
Data forms completed in the field (attached) indicate that much of the unnamed tributary is classified
as a G-type (gully) channel. G-type channels are often suitable for restoration if the water can be
elevated to the abandoned floodplain surface. Approximately 4500 linear feet of the unnamed
tributary appear suitable for restoration through conversion of a gully (G-type) to a sinuous (E- or
C-type) channel.
Other portions of the Site may be suitable for stream enhancement, including the mainstem of North
Prong Stinking Creek and several smaller on-site tributaries. Data forms completed on the North
Prong indicate that the channel is functioning within parameters of a stable stream for the region.
Enhancement is expected to consist primarily of planting a riparian buffer and/or the installation of
in-stream habitat structures. Due to hydrologic trespass issues, the installation of in-stream habitat
structures is unlikely in the North Prong Stinking Creek; therefore, a lesser credit ratio is expected
for that reach. Based on preliminary estimates it appears that approximately 2250 linear feet of on-
site stream enhancement may be available.
Potential credit ratios vary based on mitigation activities instituted on-site; however, general
guidance maybe obtained from the N.C. Division of Water Quality restoration policy. Stream credit
potential is expected to be as follows;
Stream Linear Feet Mitigation Option Credit Ratio T o t a l
Credit
Unnamed Trib. 4500 Restoration 2:1 22 5 0
North Prong 1000 Enhancement
Smaller Tribs 1250 Enhancement
5:1
4:1 300 feet
Total Stream Credit 2750 feet
feet
200 feet
Wetlands
Floodplains adjacent to North Prong Stinking Creek and its unnamed tributary are mapped by the
NRCS as Wehadkee soils which are typical on broad flat floodplains in the region. These soils are
characteristic of riverine systems and are classified as hydric soils in Guilford County. Enon soils
appear to encroach within the floodplain in some areas. Enon soils are not considered hydric for
Guilford County.
Based on preliminary analysis, it appears that approximately 24 acres of hydric soil occur within the
site. Half of the area occurs at the confluence of the unnamed tributary with North Prong Stinking
Creek. The other 12 acres occur sporadically throughout the reach of the unnamed tributary and
other on-site drainage features (Figure 2). Due to the lack of drainage ditches or artificial drainage
features, it appears that areas underlain by hydric soils currently support jurisdictional wetlands.
However, the functional loss of jurisdictional wetlands may have occurred due to incision
(deepening) of on-site streams. Channel incision may have resulted in lowering of the water table
and resultant wetland loss within a narrow zone adjacent to the unnamed tributary. Quantification
Page 2 of 3
EcoScience Corporation
of wetland loss may require more detailed studies including a DRAINMOD analysis. For the
purposes of this study, DRAINMOD simulations conducted in similar soils were utilized to predict
that approximately 5 acres of wetland may be impacted by channel incision. The remainder of on-
site wetlands are currently degraded by land use associated with livestock grazing and may be
suitable for wetland enhancement.
Assuming 2:1 mitigation ratios of restoration and 4:1 mitigation ratios for enhancement,
approximately 7 acres of wetland mitigation credit appear available at the Causey Farm site.
Summary
The quality ofwetland and stream mitigation on the Causey farm mitigation site appears good. Very
few red flag issues are apparent at this time (ie. Threatened and Endangered species, hydrologic
trespass). The site is expected to offer riverine wetland and stream restoration/enhancement totaling
approximately 2750 linear feet of stream credit and 7 acres of wetland credit. Restoration and
enhancement areas are depicted in Figure 3. Please note that these estimates are based on a brief site
visit and further studies may be necessary to accurately quantify mitigation potential at the Causey
Farm Site.
Page 3 of 3
i

F' {y
S
Dwn By:
Date:
TIMBERED LAND
S MAF MAY 2001
CkdBy: Scale:

BEAVER IMPOUNDMENT .. xJ?
.. WGL As Shown
mbo
" k
a _ '."
?o ft. 4 600 ft.
300
ESC Protect No.: 99-029

44 4} Project:
------------
----------------------
LEGEND
10
FOREST
EcoSciencc
Corporation
612 Wade Avenue, Suite 200
Raleigh, North Carolina 27605
Ph: 919 8283433
Fax: [phone]
Client:
?¢s?bra?idn
SYSTEMS
so
yr' A.`
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LEGEND

HYDRIC SOILS V,

BEAVER IMPOUNDMENT

PROJECT BOUNDARY

FIGURE
2
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4.

Project:
CAUSEY
FARMS
GUILFORD COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
Title:
HYDRIC SOILS I
.a
DwnBy: Date:
MAF MAY 2001
j4 +
CkdBy: Scale:
WGL As Shown
.
Otte
" t .
;UO h. 0 600 ft. Esc Project No.: 98-029
r
ICY k4 ,{?,?+? . ? .«?'y

EcoScience
Corporation
612 Wade Avenue, Suite 200
Raleigh, North Carolina 27605
Ph: 919 8283433
Fax: [phone]
Client:
pestoratibx
SYSTEMS
Project:
CAUSEY
FARMS
GUILFORD COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
Dwn By: Date:
POTENTIAL STREAM MAF MAY 2001
CkdBy: Sale:
_ 2250 In. ft
r
zw-
ENHANCEMENTAREAS + '
WGL As Shown
PROJECT BOUNDARY *0 ? 00 ft 0 600 ft. ESC Project No 98 -029
Stream Restoration Data Form
Project Name fc, -i 6k W3 Date °",/z j
Site Name .. / USGS Quad K Sr
Location U04 f y.° i .-
Existin%z Channel Characteristics
Channel Width
Channel Depth 3 ?r
Channel X-Sectional Area
Width Depth Ratio
Valley Floor Width 6
Floodprone Area Width !b
Entrenchment Ratio
Sinuosity 4::: /, ?.
Channel Type do
Watershed Area (Miles) +
Potential Channel Characteristics
Channel Width 13
Channel Depth /• l
Channel X-Sectional Area 12
Width Depth Ratio
Floodprone Area Width (2_
Entrenchment Ratio
Sinuosity Z
Channel Type E_
Floodplain Vegetation
Biological Features
Channelized Natural Stream W12
Barriers to Fish Movement w o
Bivalves ,
Benthics AJO
Turbid /Sediment Loading ,i k
Organic Debris Present
Stream Restoration Data Form
Project Name lPAA+o ro Ao ?'1 7y 5 Lt wt4 Date ®? ! e 0
Site Name USGS Quad 1?+5 //,c-
Location U 2=A24;6 to-,cam FfOO .579 337)
Existing Channel Characteristics
Channel Width i Z C.?
Channel Depth
Channel X-Sectional Area
Width Depth Ratio 3-
Valley Floor Width &0
Floodprone Area Width -I/
Entrenchment Ratio
Sinuosity
Channel Type
Watershed Area (Miles)'
Floodplain. Vegetations ,?&yA,-
Potential Channel Characteristics
Channel Width I
Channel Depth /.z
Channel X-Sectional Area /
Width Depth Ratio 7• °`
Floodprone Area Width G U
Entrenchment Ratio
Sinuosity
Channel Type r
Biological Features
Channelized Natural Stream AS
Barriers to Fish Movement
Bivalves Ak
Benthics A
Turbid / Sediment Loading
Organic Debris Present
Stream Restoration Data Form
Project Name f4o ionr Uc,&n S V .5 -cam S Date 5-1Z / 07
Site Name l ?r.Yrn 5 USGS Quad _ Y.,'Ao 5 Odle
Location L!,nu n ;SA-cea m P r ? DA 'Lt S ? 1.,e- Cwt U nw?a,wud
Existing Channel Characteristics
Channel Width
Channel Depth 3.r ?}-
Channel X-Sectional Area 2 P fz
Width Depth Ratio_
Valley Floor Width --1- 0 &Y
Floodprone Area Width
Entrenchment Ratio ?41 ?r f
Sinuosity. % 4- l = Z
Channel Type
Watershed Area (Miles) O •
Floodplain Vegetation Pas i vA-e .
Potential Channel Characteristics
Channel Width
Channel Depth l
Channel X-Sectional Area /
Width Depth Ratio
Floodprone Area Width (PO
Entrenchment Ratio 5r
Sinuosity 7 1.
Channel Type
Biological Features
Channelized Natural Stream
Barriers to Fish Movement
Bivalves I/&
Benthics /1
Turbid / Sediment Loading 14) CA
Organic Debris Present M
Stream Restoration Data Form
Project Name .Rewfo-nx 6 o-A ia.i 4-r- '"s Date Z d l
Site Name Q.ud.ept,?_ F ?'! S USGS Quad. +vics v? ??e?? ?t!G
Location N®-r'W1 A-o,nQ- HA ?,`? c guar ?-dit
Existing Channel Characteristics
Channel Width
Channel Depth
Channel X-Sectional Area ?A
Width Depth Ratio ig?-
Valley Floor Width _? o o f- ?-
Floodprone Area Width 100 A-
Entrenchment Ratio 18
Sinuosity ? I, 5
Channel Type
Watershed Area (Miles)-
Floodplain Vegetation JJeA 6s
Potential Channel Characteristics
Channel Width 7-1
Channel Depth 2.3
Channel X-Sectional Area 4P'Y
Width Depth Ratio °I
Floodprone Area Width 3 00
Entrenchment Ratio I Z4
Sinuosity
>-1.5
Channel Type E
Biological Features
Channelized Natural Stream Alo
Barriers to Fish Movement A10
Bivalves a
Benthics a
Turbid/ Sediment Loading
Organic Debris Present
r
Meeting Minutes
Piedmont Triad International Airport
Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan
Attendees: NC DENR: Water Quality
Piedmont Triad Airport Authority
Poyner & Spruill, LLC
Baker and Associates:
Date: July 26, 2001
Location: Raleigh Office - 10:00 am
Prepared By: ABerenbrok, P.E.
CC: Jeff Gagnon, P.E. - Baker and Associates
Purpose:
Todd St.John, P.E.
Megan Owen
Mickie Elmore
Glenn Dunn
Kevin Baker, P.E:
llan
Berenbrolck/P
z-V" fir.
yr
This meeting was scheduled to discuss the current status of the Comprehensive Stormwater
Management Plan submission and the 401 Permit Application.
Summary of Meeting:
The meeting was held to discuss the current status of the Piedmont Triad International Airport
Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan. Mr. St. John described his review letter dated 28
June 2001 as a standard form letter. The meeting concentrated on the identification of the
stormwater management ponds that are contained in the 401 permit application.
Baker and Associates (Baker) identified the following as ponds contained in the 401 permit
application:
F-1 F-2
F-3 F-19
F-20 F-21
F-22 F-23
F-24 F-27
F-28
See attached drawing for the planned location of each pond. These locations are subject to
change based upon final design.
Page 1 of 2
CAMy DocumentsWeeting minutesMjuly01.doc
i
j
Meeting Mintues (continued)
26 July 2001
These ponds are planned to be constructed as dry retention basins due to the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) recommendations AC 150/5200-33 that read as follows; --
3-7. WATER DETENTION OR RETENTION PONDS.
The movement of storm water away from runways, taxiways, and aprons is a normal
function on most airports and is necessary for safe aircraft operations. Detention ponds
hold stormwater for short periods, while retention ponds hold water indefinitely. Both
types of ponds control runoff, protect water quality, and can attract hazardous wildlife,
Retention ponds are more attractive to hazardous wildlife than detention ponds because
they provide a more reliable water source. To facilitate hazardous wildlife control, FAA
recommends using steep sided, narrow, linearly-shaped, rip-rap lined, water detention
basins rather than retention basins. When possible, these ponds should be placed away
from aircraft movements areas to minimize aircraft-wildlife interactions. All vegetation
in or around detention or retention basins that provide food or cover from hazardous
wildlife should be eliminated.
The FAA regulations address air traffic safety issues. Mr. St. John agreed that safety is the most
important issue.
The Department of Water Quality (DWQ) recommended that bioretention areas could be used for
ponds F-19 and F-22 . Baker will investigate.
DWQ suggested that level spreaders and grass or tree filter strips be installed at as many locations
as possible. Baker will investigate.
DWQ suggested that shrubs and plants be installed on the sides of the dry ponds in order to deter
geese from entering the ponds in lieu of the riprap lined sides. Baker will investigate.
DWQ suggested that redirecting existing runoff into controlling ponds could be counted as an
offset to the current storm flow peaks and possibly reduce the size of other proposed ponds.
Baker will respond to the DWQ letter with the appropriate dry and wet basin worksheets for
ponds with a brief summary of each pond. DWQ provided Baker with a hardcopy of the dry
detention basin worksheet.
Action items Responsible Party
1. Determine if bioretention areas can be installed in lieu of F-19 and F-22. Baker
2. Determine if level spreaders, grass and or tree filter strips can be installed Baker
3. Respond to the comments in the Todd St. John letter regarding the ponds
that are identified in the 401 Permit Application. Baker
Any additions or corrections of these minutes should be forwarded to Baker and Associates
within five days of receipt.
Page 2 of 2
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RECEIVED
U.S. Department
of Transportation JUN 13 1991
Federal Aviation
Administration
N.C.Dept, of Transportation
DIYISlOn of Aviation

Advisory may`
Circular
Subject: HAZARDOUS WILDLIFE ATTRACTANTS ON Date: 5/1/97 AC No: 150/5200-33
OR NEAR AIRPORTS Initiated by: Change:
AAS-310 and APP-600
1. PURPOSE. This advisory circular (AC)
provides guidance on locating certain land uses
having the potential to attract hazardous wildlife to
or in the vicinity of public-use airports. It also
provides guidance concerning the placement of
new airport development projects (including airport
construction, expansion, and renovation) pertaining
to aircraft movement in the vicinity of hazardous
wildlife attractants. Appendix 1 provides
definitions of terms used in this AC.
2. APPLICATION. The standards, practices,
and suggestions contained in this AC are
recommended by the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) for use by the operators and
sponsors of all public-use airports. In addition, the
standards, practices, and suggestions contained in
this AC are recommended by the FAA as guidance
for land use planners, operators, and developers of
projects, facilities, and activities on or near airports.
3. BACKGROUND. Populations of many
species of wildlife have increased markedly in the
6q"/? (I,,- -
DAVID L. BENNETT
Director, Office of Airport Safety and Standards
last few years. Some of these species are able to
adapt to human-made environments, such as exist
on and around airports. The increase in wildlife
populations, the use of larger turbine engines, the
increased use of twin-engine aircraft, and the
increase in air-traffic, all combine to increase the
risk, frequency, and potential severity of wildlife-
aircraft collisions.
Most public-use airports have large tracts of open,
unimproved land that are desirable for added mar-
gins of safety and noise mitigation. These areas
can present potential hazards to aviation because
they often attract hazardous wildlife. During the
past century, wildlife-aircraft strikes have resulted
in the loss of hundreds of lives world-wide, as well
as billions of dollars worth of aircraft damage.
Hazardous wildlife attractants near airports could
jeopardize future airport expansion because of
safety considerations.
,k
511/97 AC 150/5200-33
SECTION 1. HAZARDOUS WILDLIFE ATTRACTANTS ON OR NEAR
AIRPORTS.
1-1. TYPES OF HAZARDOUS WILDLIFE
ATTRACTANTS ON OR NEAR AIRPORTS.
Human made or natural areas, such as poorly-
drained areas, retention ponds, roosting habitats on
buildings, landscaping, putrescible-waste disposal
operations, wastewater treatment plants,
agricultural or aquacultural activities, surface
mining, or wetlands, may be used by wildlife for
escape, feeding, loafing, or reproduction. Wildlife
use of areas within an airport's approach or depar-
ture airspace, aircraft movement areas, loading
ramps, or aircraft parking areas may cause condi-
tions hazardous to aircraft safety.
All species of wildlife can pose a threat to aircraft
safety. However, some species are more
commonly involved in aircraft strikes than others.
Table 1 lists the wildlife groups commonly reported
as being involved in damaging strikes to U.S.
aircraft from 1993 to 1995.
Table 1. Wildlife Groups Involved in Damaging
Strikes to Civilian Aircraft, USA, 1993-1995.
Wildlife Percent involvement in
Groups reported damaging
strikes
Gulls 28
Waterfowl 28
Raptors 11
Doves 6
Vultures 5
Blackbirds- 5
Starlings
Corvids 3
Wading birds 3
Deer I 1
Canids I
1-2. LAND USE PRACTICES. Land use
practices that attract or sustain hazardous wildlife
populations on or near airports can significantly in-
crease the potential for wildlife-aircraft collisions.
FAA recommends against land use practices, within
the siting criteria stated in 1-3, that attract or sustain
populations of hazardous wildlife within the
vicinity of airports or cause movement of haz-
ardous wildlife onto, into, or across the approach or
departure airspace, aircraft movement area, loading
ramps, or aircraft parking area of airports.
Airport operators, sponsors; planners, and land use
developers should consider whether proposed land
uses, including new airport development projects,
would increase the wildlife hazard. Caution should
be exercised to ensure that land use practices on or
near airports do not enhance the attractiveness of
the area to hazardous wildlife.
1-3. SITING CRITERIA. FAA recommends
separations when siting any of the wildlife
attractants mentioned in Section 2 or when
planning new airport development projects to
accommodate aircraft movement. The distance
between an airport's aircraft movement areas,
loading ramps, or aircraft parking areas and the
wildlife attractant should be as follows:
a. Airports serving piston-powered
aircraft. A distance of 5,000 feet is recommended.
b. Airports serving turbine-powered
aircraft. A distance of 10,000 feet is
recommended.
c. Approach or Departure airspace. A
distance of 5 statute miles is recommended, if the
wildlife attractant may cause hazardous wildlife
movement into or across the approach or departure
airspace.
I (and 2)
5/1/97 AC 150/5200-33
SECTION 2. LAND USES THAT ARE INCOMPATIBLE WITH SAFE
AIRPORT OPERATIONS.
2-1. GENERAL. The wildlife species and the
size of the populations attracted to the airport
environment are highly variable and may depend
on several factors, including land-use practices on
or near the airport. It is important to identify those
land use practices in the airport area that attract
hazardous wildlife. This section discusses land use
practices known to threaten aviation safety.
2-2. PUTRESCIBLE-WASTE DISPOSAL
OPERATIONS. Putrescible-waste disposal
operations are known to attract large numbers of
wildlife that are hazardous to aircraft. Because of
this, these operations, when located within the
separations identified in the sitting criteria in 1-3
are considered incompatible with safe airport
operations.
FAA recommends against locating
putrescible-waste disposal operations inside the
separations identified in the siting criteria
mentioned above. FAA also recommends against
new airport development projects that would
increase the number of aircraft operations or that
would accommodate larger or faster aircraft, near
putrescible-waste disposal operations located
within the separations identified in the siting
criteria in 1-3.
2-3. WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILI-
TIES. Wastewater treatment facilities and
associated settling ponds often attract large
numbers of wildlife that can pose a threat to aircraft
safety when they are located on or near an airport.
a. New wastewater treatment facilities.
FAA recommends against the construction of new
wastewater treatment facilities or associated settling
ponds within the separations identified in the siting
criteria in 1-3. During the siting analysis for
wastewater treatment facilities, the potential to
attract hazardous wildlife should be considered if
an airport is in the vicinity of a proposed site.
Airport operators should voice their opposition to
such sitings. In addition, they should consider the
existence of wastewater treatment facilities when
evaluating proposed sites for new airport
development projects and avoid such sites when
practicable.
b. Existing wastewater treatment
facilities. FAA recommends correcting any
wildlife hazards arising from existing wastewater
treatment facilities located on or near airports
without delay, using appropriate wildlife hazard
mitigation techniques. Accordingly, measures to
minimize hazardous wildlife attraction should be
developed in consultation with a wildlife damage
management biologist. FAA recommends that
wastewater treatment facility operators incorporate
appropriate wildlife hazard mitigation techniques
into their operating practices. Airport operators
also should encourage those operators to
incorporate these mitigation techniques in their
operating practices.
c. Artificial marshes. Waste-water
treatment facilities may create artificial marshes
and use submergent and emergent aquatic
vegetation as natural filters. These artificial
marshes may be used by some species of flocking
birds, such as blackbirds and waterfowl, for
breeding or roosting activities. FAA recommends
against establishing artificial marshes within the
separations identified in the siting criteria stated in
1-3.
d. Wastewater discharge and sludge
disposal. FAA recommends against the discharge
of wastewater or sludge on airport property.
Regular spraying of wastewater or sludge disposal
on unpaved areas may improve soil moisture and
quality. The resultant turf growth requires more
frequent mowing, which in turn may mutilate or
flush insects or small animals and produce straw.
The maimed or flushed organisms and the straw
can attract hazardous wildlife and jeopardize
aviation safety. In addition, the improved turf may
attract grazing wildlife such as deer and geese.
Problems may also occur when discharges saturate
unpaved airport areas. The resultant soft, muddy
conditions can severely restrict or prevent
emergency vehicles from reaching accident sites in
a timely manner.
e. Underwater waste discharges. The
underwater discharge of any food waste, e.g., fish.
processing offal, that could attract scavenging
wildlife is not recommended within the separations
identified in the siting criteria in 1-3.
3
AC 150/5200-33
2-4. WETLANDS.
a. Wetlands on or near Airports.
(1) Existing Airports. Normally,
wetlands are attractive to many wildlife species.
Airport operators with wetlands located on or
nearby airport property should be alert to any
wildlife use or habitat changes in these areas that
could affect safe aircraft operations.
(2) Airport Development. When
practicable, the FAA recommends siting new
airports using the separations identified in the siting
criteria in 1-3. Where alternative sites are not
practicable or when expanding existing airports in
or near wetlands, the wildlife hazards should be
evaluated and minimized through a wildlife
management plan prepared by a wildlife damage
management biologist, in consultation with the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers (COE).
NOTE: If questions exist as to whether or not an
area would qualify as a wetland, contact the U.S.
Army COE, the Natural Resource Conservation
Service, or a wetland consultant certified to
delineate wetlands.
b. Wetland mitigation. Mitigation may
be necessary when unavoidable wetland
disturbances result from new airport development
projects. Wetland mitigation should be designed so
it does not create a wildlife hazard.
(1) FAA recommends that wetland
mitigation projects that may attract hazardous
wildlife be sited outside of the separations
5/ 1 /97
identified in the siting criteria in 1-3. Wetland
mitigation banks meeting these siting criteria offer
an ecologically sound approach to mitigation in
these situations.
(2) Exceptions to locating mitigation
activities outside the separations identified in the
siting criteria in 1-3 may be considered if the
affected wetlands provide unique ecological
functions, such as critical habitat for threatened or
endangered species or ground water recharge.
Such mitigation must be compatible with safe
airport operations. Enhancing such mitigation
areas to attract hazardous wildlife should be
avoided. On-site mitigation plans may be reviewed
by the FAA to determine compatibility with safe
airport operations.
(3) Wetland mitigation projects that are
needed to protect unique wetland functions (see
24.b.(2)), and that must be located in the siting cri-
teria in 1-3 should be identified and evaluated by a
wildlife damage management biologist before
implementing the mitigation. A wildlife damage
management plan should be developed to reduce
the wildlife hazards.
NOTE: AC 150/5000-3, Address List for Regional
Airports Division and Airports District/Field
Offices, provides information on the location of
these offices.
2-5. DREDGE SPOIL CONTAINMENT
AREAS. FAA recommends against locating
dredge spoil containment areas within the
separations identified in the siting criteria in 1-3, if
the spoil contains material that would attract
hazardous wildlife.
4
5/1/97 AC 150/5200-33
SECTION 3. LAND USES THAT MAY BE COMPATIBLE WITH SAFE
AIRPORT OPERATIONS.
3-1. GENERAL. Even though they may, under
certain circumstances, attract hazardous wildlife,
the land use practices discussed in this section have
flexibility regarding their location or operation and
may even be under the airport operator's or
sponsor's control. In general, the FAA does not
consider the activities discussed below as
hazardous to aviation if there is no apparent attrac-
tion to hazardous wildlife, or wildlife hazard
mitigation techniques are implemented to deal
effectively with any wildlife hazard that may arise.
3-2. ENCLOSED WASTE FACILITIES.
Enclosed trash transfer stations or enclosed waste
handling facilities th at receive garbage indoors;
process it via compaction, incineration, or similar
manner, and remove all residue by enclosed
vehicles, generally would be compatible, from a
wildlife perspective, with safe airport operations,
provided they are not located on airport property or
within the runway protection zone (RPZ). No
putrescible-waste should be handled or stored
outside at any time, for any reason, or in a partially
enclosed structure accessible to hazardous wildlife.
Partially enclosed operations that accept
putrescible-waste are considered to be incompatible
with safe airport operations. FAA recommends
these operations occur outside the separations
identified in the siting criteria in 1-3.
a. Composition of material handled.
Components of the compost should never include
any municipal solid waste. Non-food waste such as
leaves, lawn clippings, branches, and twigs
generally are not considered a wildlife attractant.
Sewage sludge, wood-chips, and similar material
are not municipal solid wastes and may be used as
compost bulking agents.
b. Monitoring on-airport composting op-
erations. If composting operations are to be
located on airport property, FAA recommends that
the airport operator monitor composting operations
to ensure that steam or thermal rise does not affect
air traffic in any way. Discarded leaf disposal bags
or other debris must not be allowed to blow onto
any active airport area. Also, the airport operator
should reserve the right to stop any operation that
creates unsafe, undesirable, or incompatible
conditions at the airport.
3-5. ASH DISPOSAL. Fly ash from resource
recovery facilities that are fired by municipal solid
waste, coal, or wood, is generally considered not to
be a wildlife attractant because it contains no
putrescible matter. FAA generally does not
consider landfills accepting only fly ash to be
wildlife attractants, if those landfills: are
maintained in an orderly manner; admit no putres-
cible-waste of any kind; and are not co-located with
other disposal operations.
3-3. RECYCLING CENTERS. Recycling
centers that accept previously sorted, non-food
items such as glass, newspaper, cardboard, or
aluminum are, in most cases, not attractive to
hazardous wildlife.
3-4. COMPOSTING OPERATIONS ON
AIRPORTS. FAA recommends against locating
composting operations on airports. However, when
they are located on an airport, composting
operations should not be located closer than the
greater of the following distances: 1,200 feet from
any aircraft movement area, loading ramp, or
aircraft parking space; or the distance called for by
airport design requirements. This spacing is
intended to prevent material, personnel, or
equipment from penetrating any Obstacle Free Area
(OFA); Obstacle Free zone . (OFZ), Threshold
Siting Surface (TSS), or Clearway (see
AC 150/5300-13, Airport Design).. On-airport
disposal of compost by-products is not
recommended for the reasons stated in 2-3.d.
Since varying degrees of waste consumption are
associated with general incineration, FAA classifies
the ash from general incinerators as a regular waste
disposal by-product and, therefore, a hazardous
wildlife attractant.
3-6. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION
(C&D) DEBRIS LANDFILLS. C&D debris
(Class IV) landfills have visual and operational
characteristics similar to putrescible-waste disposal
sites. When co-located with putrescible-waste
disposal operations, the probability of hazardous
wildlife attraction to C&D landfills increases
because of the. similarities between these disposal
activities.
FAA generally does not. consider C&D landfills to
be' hazardous wildlife attractants,. if those landfills:
are maintained in an orderly manner; admit no
putrescible-waste of any kind; and are not co-
located with other disposal operations.
5
AC 150/5200-33
3-7. WATER DETENTION OR RETENTION
PONDS. The movement of storm water away from
runways, taxiways, and aprons is a normal function
on most airports and is necessary for safe aircraft
operations. Detention ponds hold storm water for
short periods, while retention ponds hold water
indefinitely. Both types of ponds control runoff,
protect water quality, and can attract hazardous
wildlife. Retention ponds are more attractive to
hazardous wildlife than detention ponds because
they provide a more reliable water source.
To facilitate hazardous wildlife control, FAA
recommends using steep-sided, narrow, linearly-
shaped, rip-rap lined, water detention basins rather
than retention basins. When possible, these ponds
should be placed away from aircraft movement
areas to minimize aircraft-wildlife interactions. All
vegetation in or around detention or retention
basins that provide food or cover for hazardous
wildlife should be eliminated.
If soil conditions and other requirements allow,
FAA encourages the use of underground storm
water infiltration systems, such as French drains or
buried. rock. fields, because they are less attractive
to wildlife.
3-8. LANDSCAPING. Wildlife attraction to
landscaping may vary by geographic location.
FAA recommends that airport operators approach
landscaping with caution and confine it to airport
areas not associated with aircraft movements. All
landscaping plans should be reviewed by a wildlife
damage management biologist. Landscaped areas
should be monitored on a continuing basis for the
presence of hazardous wildlife. If hazardous
wildlife is detected, corrective actions should be
implemented immediately.
3-9. GOLF COURSES. Golf courses may be
beneficial to airports because they provide open
space that can be used for noise mitigation or by
aircraft during an emergency. On-airport golf
courses may also be a concurrent use that provides
income to the airport.
Because of operational and monetary benefits, golf
courses are often deemed compatible land uses on
or near airports. However, waterfowl (especially
Canada geese) and some species of gulls are
attracted to the large, grassy areas and open water
found on 'Mott golf courses. Because waterfowl
and gulls occur throughout the U.S., FAA recom-
mends that airport operators exercise caution and
consult with . a wildlife damage management
biologist when considering proposals for golf
5/ 1 /97
course construction or expansion on or near
airports. Golf courses should be monitored on a
continuing basis for the. presence of hazardous
wildlife. If hazardous wildlife is detected,
corrective actions should be implemented
immediately.
3-10. AGRICULTURAL CROPS. As noted
above, airport operators often promote revenue-
generating activities to supplement an airport's
financial viability. A common concurrent use is
agricultural crop production. Such use may create
potential hazards to aircraft by attracting wildlife.
Any proposed on-airport agricultural operations
should be reviewed by a wildlife damage
management biologist. FAA generally does not
object to agricultural crop production on airports
when: wildlife hazards are not predicted; the
guidelines for the airport areas specified in 3-10.a-f
are observed; and the agricultural operation is
closely monitored by the airport operator or
sponsor to ensure that hazardous wildlife are not at-
tracted.
NOTE: If wildlife becomes a problem due to on-
airport agricultural operations, FAA recommends
undertaking the remedial actions described in
3-101
a. Agricultural activities adjacent to
runways. To ensure safe, efficient aircraft
operations, FAA recommends that no agricultural
activities be conducted in the Runway Safety Area
(RSA), OFA, and the OFZ (see AC 150/5300-13).
b. Agricultural activities in areas
requiring minimum object clearances. Restricting
agricultural operations to areas outside the RSA,
OFA, OFZ, and Runway Visibility Zone (RVZ)
(see AC 150/5300-13) will normally provide the
minimum object clearances required by FAA's
airport design standards. FAA recommends that
farming operations not be permitted within areas
critical to the proper operation of localizers, glide
slope indicators, or other visual or electronic
navigational aids. Determinations of minimal areas
that must be kept free of farming operations should
be made on a case-by-case basis. If navigational
aids are present, farm leases for on-airport agri-
cultural activities should be coordinated with FAA's
Airway Facilities Division, in accordance with
FAA Order 6750.16; Siting .Criteria for Instrument
Landing Systems. .
NOTE: Crop restriction lines conforming to the.
dimensions set forth in Table 2 will normally
provide the minimum object clearance required by
6
5/1/97
FAA airport design standards. The presence of
navigational aids may require expansion of the
restricted area.
c. Agricultural activities within an
airport's approach areas. The RSA, OFA, and
OFZ 'ati extend beyond the runway shoulder and
into the approach area by varying distances. The
OFA normally extends the farthest and is usually
the controlling surface. However, for some
runways, the TSS (see AC 150/5300-13,
Appendix 2) may be more controlling than the
OFA. The TSS may not be penetrated by any
object. The minimum distances shown in Table 2
are intended to prevent penetration of the OFA,
OFZ, or TSS by crops or farm machinery.
NOTE: Threshold Siting standards should not be
confused with the approach areas described in
Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 77,
(14 CFR 77), Objects Affecting Navigable
Airspace.
d. Agricultural activities between
intersecting runways. FAA recommends that no
agricultural activities be permitted within the RVZ.
If the terrain is sufficiently below the runway
elevation, some types of crops and equipment may
be acceptable. Specific determinations of what is
permissible in this area requires topographical data.
For example, if the terrain within the RVZ is level
with the runway ends, farm machinery or crops
may interfere with a pilot's line-of-sight in the
RVZ.
AC 150/5200-33
e. Agricultural activities in areas
adjacent to taxiways and aprons. Farming
activities should.not be permitted within a taxiway's
OFA. The outer portions of aprons are frequently
used as a taxilane and fanning operations should
not be permitted within the OFA. Farming
operations should not be permitted between
runways and parallel taxiways.
E Remedial actions for problematic
agricultural activities. If a problem with
hazardous wildlife develops, FAA recommends that
a professional wildlife damage management
biologist be contacted and an on-site inspection be
conducted. The biologist should be requested to
determine the source of the hazardous wildlife
attraction and suggest remedial action. Regardless
of the source of the attraction, prompt remedial
actions to protect aviation safety are recommended.
The remedial actions may range from choosing
another crop or farming technique to complete
termination of the agricultural operation.
Whenever on-airport agricultural operations are
stopped due to wildlife hazards or annual harvest,
FAA recommends plowing under all crop residue
and harrowing the surface area smooth. This will
reduce or eliminate the area's attractiveness to
foraging wildlife. FAA recommends that this
requirement be written into all on-airport farm use
contracts and clearly understood by the lessee.
7
AC 15015200-33
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5/1/97 AC 150/5200-33
SECTION 4. NOTIFICATION OF FAA ABOUT HAZARDOUS WILDLIFE
ATTRACTANTS ON OR NEAR AN AIRPORT.
4-1. GENERAL. Airport operators, land
developers, and owners should notify the FAA in
writing_ of known or reasonably foreseeable land
use practices on or near airports that either attract
or may attract hazardous wildlife. This section
discusses those notification procedures.
4-2. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
FOR WASTE DISPOSAL SITE OPERATIONS.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
requires any operator proposing a new or expanded
waste disposal operation within 5 statute miles of a
runway end to notify the appropriate FAA Regional
Airports Division Office and the airport operator of
the proposal (40 CFR 258, Criteria for Municipal
Solid Waste Landfills, section 258.10, Airport
Safety). The EPA also requires owners or operators
of new municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF)
units, or lateral expansions of existing MSWLF
units that are located within 10,000 feet of any
airport runway end used by turbojet aircraft or
within 5,000 feet of any airport runway end used
only by piston-type aircraft, to demonstrate
successfully that such units are not hazards to
aircraft.
a. Tuning of Notification. When new or
expanded MSWLFs are being proposed near
airports, MSWLF operators should notify the
airport operator and the FAA of this as early as
possible pursuant to 40 CFR Part 258. Airport
operators should encourage the MSWLF operators
to provide notification as early as possible.
does not attract hazardous wildlife and does not
threaten aviation, the developer must establish
convincingly that the facility will not handle
putrescible material other than that as outlined in
3-2. FAA requests that waste site - developers
provide a copy of an official permit request
verifying that the facility will not handle
putrescible material other than that as outlined in
3-2. FAA will use this information to determine if
the facility will be a hazard to aviation.
4-3. NOTIFYING FAA ABOUT OTHER
WILDLIFE ATTRACTANTS. While U. S. EPA
regulations require landfill owners to provide
notification, no similar regulations require
notifying FAA about changes in other land use
practices that can create hazardous wildlife
attractants. Although it is not required by
regulation, FAA requests those proposing land use
changes such as those discussed in 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5
to provide similar notice to the FAA as early in the
development process as possible. Airport operators
that become aware of such proposed development
in the vicinity of their airports should also notify
the FAA. The notification process gives the FAA
an opportunity to evaluate the effect of a particular
land use change on aviation safety.
The land use operator or Qroiect proponent?mayyse
FAA Form 7460-1, Notice of Proposed Con-
struction or l?Itetatlon_orr otlter suitable .documents
s c 0
to notify the apropriat?e FAA Regional MAirports
Division Office.
NOTE: AC 150/5000-3 provides information on
these FAA offices.
b. Putrescible-Waste Facilities. In their
effort to satisfy the EPA requirement, some
putrescible-waste facility proponents may offer to
undertake experimental measures to demonstrate
that their proposed facility will not be a hazard to
aircraft. To date, the ability to sustain a reduction in
the numbers of hazardous wildlife to levels that ex-
isted before a putrescible-waste landfill began
operating has not been successfully demonstrated.
For this reason, demonstrations of experimental
wildlife control measures should not be conducted
in active aircraft operations areas.
c. Other Waste Facilities.. To claim suc-
cessfully that a waste handling facility sited within
the separations identified in the siting criteria in 1-3
It is helpful if the notification includes a 15-minute
quadrangle map of the area identifying the location
of the proposed activity. The land use operator or
project proponent should also forward specific
details of the proposed land use change or
operational change or expansion. In the case of
solid waste landfills, the information should
include the type of waste to be handled, how the
waste will be processed, and final disposal
methods.
4-5. FAA REVIEW OF PROPOSED LAND
USE CHANGES.
a. The FAA discourages- the development
of facilities discussed in section 2 that will be
located within the 5,000/10,000-foot criteria in 1-3.
9
AC 150/5200-33
b. For projects which are located outside
the 5,000/10,000-foot criteria, but within 5 statute
miles of the airport's aircraft movement areas,
loading ramps, or aircraft parking areas, FAA may
review development plans, proposed land use
changes, operational changes, or wetland mitigation
plans to determine if such changes present potential
wildlife hazards to aircraft operations. Sensitive
airport areas will be identified as those that lie
under or next to approach or departure airspace.
This brief examination should be sufficient to
determine if further investigation is warranted.
c. Where further study has been conducted
by a wildlife damage management biologist to eval-
uate a site's compatibility with airport operations,
the FAA will use the study results to make its
determination.
d. FAA will discourage the development
of any excepted sites (see Section 3) within the
criteria specified in 1-3 if a study shows that the
area supports hazardous wildlife species.
4-6. AIRPORT OPERATORS. Airport
operators should be aware of proposed land use
changes, or modification of existing land uses, that
could create hazardous wildlife attractants within
the separations identified in the siting criteria in
1-3. Particular attention should be given to
proposed land uses involving creation or expansion
of waste water treatment facilities, development of
wetland mitigation sites, or development or
expansion of dredge spoil containment areas.
a. AIP-funded airports. LA4
&ecommendFthat _ operators. of,AlP-funded airportss.
42,thue extent--practicable,. oppose off-airport land
use.. changes pr .praptices -(within the separation.1
identified in the. siting criteria. in _1-3) that tn#y
attract hazardous wildlife. --Failure to do so could
dacethe .,airport , operator .,or . sponsor _in
noncompliance with applicable grant assurances.
FAA recommends against the placement of airport
development projects pertaining to aircraft
movement in the vicinity of hazardous wildlife
attractants. Airport operators, sponsors, and
planners should identify wildlife attractants and any
associated wildlife hazards during any planning
process for new airport development projects.
b. Additional coordination. If, after the
initial review by FAA, questions remain about the
existence of a wildlife hazard near an airport, the
airport operator or sponsor should consult a wildlife
damage management biologist. Such questions
may be triggered by a history of wildlife strikes at
the airport or the proximity of the airport to a
wildlife refuge, body of water, or similar feature
known to attract wildlife.
c. Specialized assistance. If the services
of a wildlife damage management biologist are
required, FAA recommends that land use
developers or the airport operator contact the
appropriate state director of the United States
Department of Agriculture/Animal Damage Control
(USDA/ADC), or a consultant specializing in
wildlife damage management. Telephone numbers
for the respective USDA/ADC state offices may be
obtained by contacting USDA/ADC's Operational
Support Staff, 4700 River Road, Unit 87,
Riverdale, MD, 20737-1234, Telephone
[phone], Fax [phone]. The ADC
biologist or consultant should be requested to
identify and quantify wildlife common to the area
and evaluate the potential wildlife hazards.
d. Notifying airmen. [f an_existing land
use Rractice creates a,wildlife hazard, and the._land
use ;practice or wildlife hazard cannot be _ immedi-
gely.eliminated„ the airport operator should issue a
Notice„toAirmen..(NOTAM) and encourage the
land owner or manager to take steps to control the
wildlife -hazard and..minimize further attraction.
5/1/97
10
5/1/97
AC 150/5200-33
Appendix 1
APPENDIX 1. DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS ADVISORY CIRCULAR.
1. GENERAL. This appendix provides
definitions of terms used throughout this AC.
I Aircraft movement area. The
runways, taxiways, and other areas of an airport
which are used for taxiing or hover taxiing, air
taxiing, takeoff, and landing of aircraft exclusive of
loading ramps and aircraft parking areas.
b. Airport operator. The operator (private
or public) or sponsor of a public use airport.
j. Putrescible-waste disposal operation.
Landfills, garbage dumps, underwater waste
discharges, or . similar facilities where activities
include processing, burying, storing, or otherwise
disposing of putrescible material, trash, and refuse.
k. Runway protection zone (RPZ). An
area off the runway end to enhance the protection
of people and property on the ground (see
AC 150/5300-13). The dimensions of this zone
vary with the design aircraft, type of operation, and
visibility minimum.
c. Approach or departure airspace. The
airspace, within 5 statute miles of an airport,
through which aircraft move during landing or
takeoff
d. Concurrent use. Aeronautical property
used for compatible non-aviation purposes while at
the same time serving the primary purpose for
which it was acquired; and the use is clearly bene-
ficial to the airport. The concurrent use should
generate revenue to be used for airport purposes
(see Order 5190.6A, Airport Compliance
Requirements, sect. 5h).
e. Fly ash. The fine, sand-like residue
resulting from the complete incineration of an
organic fuel source. Fly ash typically results from
the combustion of coal or waste used to operate a
power generating plant.
L Hazardous wildlife. Wildlife species that
are commonly associated with wildlife-aircraft
strike problems, are capable of causing structural
damage to airport facilities, or act as attractants to
other wildlife that, pose a wildlife-aircraft strike
hazard.
g. Piston-use airport. Any airport that
would primarily serve FIXED-WING, piston-
powered aircraft. Incidental use of the airport by
turbine-powered, FIXED-WING aircraft would not
affect this designation. However, such aircraft
should not be based at the airport.
h. Public-use airport. Any publicly
owned airport or a privately-owned airport used or
intended to be used for public purposes.
i. Putrescible material. Rotting organic
material.
1. Sewage sludge. The de-watered
effluent resulting from secondary or tertiary
treatment of municipal sewage and/or industrial
wastes, including sewage sludge as referenced in
U.S. EPA's Effluent Guidelines and Standards,
40 C.F.R. Part 401.
in. Shoulder. An area adjacent to the edge
of paved runways, taxiways, or aprons providing a
transition between the pavement and the adjacent
surface, support for aircraft running off the
pavement, enhanced drainage, and blast protection
(see AC 150/5300-13).
n. Turbine-powered aircraft. Aircraft
powered by turbine engines including turbojets and
turboprops but excluding turbo-shaft rotary-wing
aircraft.
o. Turbine-use airport. Any airport that
ROUTINELY serves FIXED-WING turbine-
powered aircraft.
P. Wastewater treatment facility. Any
devices and/or systems used to store, treat, recycle,
or reclaim municipal sewage or liquid industrial
wastes, including Publicly Owned Treatment
Works (POTW), as defined by Section 212 of the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act (P.L. 92-500)
as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977
(P.L.95-576) and the Water Quality Act of 1987
(P.L. 100-4). This definition includes any
pretreatment involving the reduction of the amount
of pollutants, the elimination of pollutants, or the
alteration of the nature of pollutant properties in
wastewater prior to or in lieu of discharging or
otherwise introducing' such pollutants into a
POTW. (See 40 C.F. R. Section 403.3 (o), (p), &
(q)).
` AC 150/5200-33
Appendix f
q. Wildlife. Any wild animal, including
without limitation any wild mammal, bird, reptile,
fish, amphibian, mollusk, crustacean, arthropod,
coelenterate, or other invertebrate, including any
part, product, egg, or offspring there of
(50 CFR 10.12,'-- Taking, Possession.
Transportation, Sale, Purchase. Barter,
Exportation, and Importation of Wildlife and
Plants). As used in this AC, WILDLIFE includes
feral animals and domestic animals while out of the
control of their owners (14 CFR 139.3,
Certification and Operations: Land Airports
Serving CAB-Certificated Scheduled Air Carriers
Operating Large Aircraft (Other Than
Helicopters)).
5/1/97
r. Wildlife attractants. - Any human-made
structure, land use practice, or human-made or
natural geographic feature, that can attract or
sustain hazardous wildlife within the landing or
departure airspace, aircraft movement area, loading
ramps, or aircraft parking areas of an airport.
These attractants can include but are not limited to
architectural features, landscaping, waste disposal
sites, wastewater treatment facilities, agricultural or
aquacultural activities, surface mining, or wetlands.
. s. Wildlife hazard. A potential for a
damaging aircraft collision with wildlife on or near
an airport (14 CFR 139.3).
2. RESERVED.
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Alfre.« J. Godin
State Director (retired)
USDA-APHIS-
Animal Damage Control
Augusta, Maine 04330
B-H2D5 ATAIRPORTS
1 nd- .?. T
Y
Birds are a serious hazard to aviation.
A bird or a flock of birds that suddenly
rises from a runway or surrounding
area may collide with incoming or
departing aircraft and cause the air-
craft ti) crash, possibly resulting in the
loss of human life. Bird collision with
aircraft is commonly known as "bird
strike."
Damage caused to aircraft usually
results from collision of one or more
birds with the engines and/or fuse-
lage. Although most bird strikes do
not result in crashes, they do involve
expensive structural and mechanical
damage to aircraft. The incidence of
this problem worldwide makes bird
strike a serious economic problem.
Birds have been a hazard to aircraft
from the first powered flight. During
the early days of aviation, when air-
craft flew at slow speeds, birds had
little difficulty in getting out of the
way. Bird strikes were infrequent and
damage was mainly confined to
cracked windshields. The likelihood of
the loss of aircraft and /or human lives
was remote. With the development
and introduction of jet aircraft, bird
strikes became a serious hazard and
costly problem. Faster speeds mean
birds have less time to react to
approaching aircraft. The force gener-

IV *41%.
j`^ X67 ." „- r? ^+
ated by bird impact with a fast-moving
aircraft is tremendous. The newer tur-
bine engines use light-weight, high-
speed mechanical parts which are
vulnerable to bird strike damage.
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) prescribes rules governing
wildlife hazard management at certi-
fied airports in the Federal Aviation
Regulations: Part 139. The USDA-
APHIS-ADC program recognizes the
potential for aircraft accidents and loss
of human life and considers bird haz-
ards to aircraft a top priority. This pro-
gram provides technical assistance to
alleviate bird hazards to civilian air-
ports and military airbases.

4,

PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF WILDLIFE DAMAGE'a..' 994,--0

Cooperative Extension Division.
Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources
University of Nebraska - Lincoln

United States Department o Agri
culture
.
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Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service ... ,
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Animal Damage Control ,
Great Plains Agricultural Council
Wnidiife Committee

v
s:.
Legal Status
Most bird species are protected by fed-
eral and state laws. The legal status of
problem bird species at airports
should be determined before control is
attempted. Migratory birds are pro-
tected under the Migratory Bird Treaty
Act of 1918 (16 USC 703-711), while
nonmigratory species are protected
under state laws. Some species are fur-
ther protected by the Endangered Spe-
cies Act of 1973 (Pub. Law 93-205).
These laws state make it unlawful to
pursue, capture, take, kill, or possess
migratory birds or endangered and
threatened species, except as permit-
ted by regulations adopted by the
secretary of the interior. Permits to
take noncndangered migratory birds
are issued only when the birds are
causing, or have the potential to cause,
a serious threat to public health and
safety and when-nonlethal methods
have failed to solve the problem. A
state permit also may be required to
control migratory and nonmigratory
birds pmtected by the state.
Airports
No two airports are exactly alike.
Accordingly, bird hazards vary from
airport to airport, even when the same
species are involved. The occurrence
of birds at airports varies according to
habitat availability, weather, season of
year, and time of day.
Bird Attractants at Airports
Airports provide a wide variety of
natural and human-made habitats that
offer food, water, and cover. Many air-
ports are located along migratory
routes used by birds. One of the first
steps in reducing bird hazards is to
recognize these attractants. Usually,
several attractants acting in combina-
tion are responsible for the presence of
birds and their behavior at an airport.
Food. Birds require relatively large
amounts of f(x)d. Most airports sup-
port an abundance and variety of
foods such as seeds, berries, grass,
insects, grubs, earthworms, small
birds, and small mammals. Seeds and
berries are sought by several migra-
tory and resident birds such as spar-
rows, finches, starlings, blackbirds,
mourning doves, common pigeons,
and waterfowl. Geese are attracted to
open expanses of grasses. Gulls, star-
lings, robins, and crows often feed on
earthworms on the surface of the
ground following a rain. Gulls are
opportunistic feeders and frequently
feed on grasshoppers and ground-
nesting birds. Raptors are attracted to
airports because of rodents, birds, and
other small animals that harbored by
tall, poorly maintained grass stands
and borders.
Occasionally, food becomes available
through careless waste disposal prac-
tices by restaurants and airline flight
kitchens. Airport personnel have been
known to feed birds during their lunch
breaks. Many airports have inadequate
garbage disposal systems that permit
access to various food items. These are
a favorite of several species of birds,
especially gulls. Nearby landfills or
sewage outlets may also provide food
for birds and other wildlife.
Landfills are often located on or near
airports because both are often built on
publicly owned lands. In these circum-
stances, landfills contribute to bird
strike hazards by providing food
sources and loafing areas that attract
and support thousands of gulls, star-
lings, pigeons, and other species. Gen-
erally, landfills are a major attraction
for gulls, the most common bird
involved in bird strikes. Waste paper,
paper bags, and other litter blowing
across the ground attract gulls, pre-
sumably because litter is mistaken for
other gulls or for food. A gull that is
attracted to litter decoys other gulls
and encourages flocking.
Water. Birds of all types are drawn to
open water for drinking, bathing, feed-
ing, loafing, roosting, and protection.
Rainy periods provide temporary
water pools at many airports. Many
airports have permanent bodies of
water near or between runways for
landscaping, flood control, or waste-
water purposes. These permanent
sources of water provide a variety 9f
bird foods, including small fish, tad-
poles, frogs, insect larvae, other inver-
tebrates, and edible aquatic plants.
Temporary and permanent waters,
including ponds, borrow pits, sumps,
swamps, and lakes, attract gulls,
waterfowl, shorebirds, and marsh
birds. Fresh water is especially attrac-
tive in coastal areas.
Cover. Birds need cover for resting,
loafing, roosting, and nesting. Trees,
brushy areas, weed patches, shrubs,
and airport structures often provide
suitable habitat to meet these require-
ments. Almost any area that is free
from human disturbance may provide
a suitable roosting site for one or more
species of birds. Starlings, pigeons,
house sparrows, and swallows often
roost or nest in large numbers in air-
port buildings or nearby trees, shrubs,
or hedges. Large concentrations of
blackbirds and starlings are attracted
to woody thickets for winter roosting
cover. Gulls often find safety on or
near runways of coastal airports when
storms prevent their roosting at sea, on
islands, or on coastal bays.
Migration
Many airports are located along tradi-
tional annual bird migration routes.
Birds may suddenly appear in large
flocks on or over an airport on their
annual migration, even when the air-
port itself offers no particular attrac-
tion. Dates of migration vary by
species and area. Flock size of a given
species may vary widely from year to
year depending on time of year,
weather conditions, and many other
factors.
Local Movements
Shorebirds, waterfowl, gulls, and other
birds often make daily flights across
airports from their feeding, roosting,
nesting, and loafing areas. Airports
near cities may experience early
morning and late afternoon roosting or
feeding flights of thousands of
starlings.
F,-2
Damage Prevention and
Control Methods
Bird strike hazards reoccur regularly at
many airports and require constant
attention. Before attempting to reduce
bird hazardsatan airport, it is important
toassess the problem, identify contri bu t-
ing factors, and analyze the threat to
aircraft and human safety. A wildlife
hazard management plan should be
implemented (and may be required by
FAA) to make the airport unattractive
to birds. Scaring or dispersing birds
away from airports is usually difficult
because birds are tenaciously attracted
to available food, water, and cover. As
long as these attractants exist, birds
will be a problem.
In most situations, a wildlife biologist
trained in bird hazard assessment
should be selected to conduct a thor-
ough ecological study of the airport
and its vicinity. The study should
determine what species of birds are
involved, what attracts them, abun-
dance and peak use periods and spe-
cial hazard zones. It should also
include control recommendations to
reduce the frequency of bird occur-
rence at the airport.
Habitat Modification
Several habitat management practices
can make an airport less attractive to
birds. These include eliminating stand-
ing water, removing or thinning trees,
renx)ving brush and managing grass
height. Buildings can be modified to
reduce or eliminate nxmsting or noting
sites.
FAA Order 52W.5A provides guide-
lines for the establishment, elimination,
or monitoring of landfills, open
dumps, or waste disposal sites on or in
the vicinity of airlxirts.
Frightening
Frightening is a reliable and expedi-
tious means of repelling birds. Fright-
ening programs, however, provide
only temporary relief and require con-
stant monitoring.
An early priority in reducing bird haz-
ards is to establish a bird dispersal
patrol team to harass and scare birds
and provide immediate protection for
aircraft within the airport perimeter.
The patrol team must consist of highly
motivated and knowledgeable person-
nel with adequate equipment, such as
radio-equipped vehicles, shotguns,
and frightening devices consisting of
bird distress calls, live ammunition,
and pyrotechnic devices (automatic
gas exploders, shellcrackers, and
racket bombs). Patrol personnel must
be trained in bird identification and
dispersal methods. Clear communica-
tion between the patrol team and the
control tower is essential.
Birds react to unfamiliar sounds and
objects. They learn, however, to ignore
sounds and objects that have proven
harmless, especially if they are used
often and for long periods of time.
Birds should not be allowed to accli-
mate to a scare device through
repeated exposure without an asso:i-
ated adverse effect. The use of shoot-
ing to reinforce frightening techniques
can be effective and should occur
simultaneously with the scare devices
often enough to maintain fear in the
birds. In most cases, an integrated
approach that incorporates several
frightening devices will produce the
best results.
The sheilcracker fires a projectile from a
12-gauge shotgun. It travels up to 1(X1
yards (90 m) and explodes with a loud
noise and a flash. Noise bombs are simi-
lar and can supplement shell ackers,
but their range is much slx>rler. Racket
N)mlms arcs prolx-ltxl by a slxcial pistol
and travel approximately IW yards
(90 m); they do not explode.
Shellcrackers and racket lximbs nmav
lose their effectiveness when used fre-
quently. It may be necessary to use live
ammunition to kill an occasional bird.
Remaining birds then become more
responsive to the noise devices.
RemeniN,r that a permit is required to
take protected species.
Distress calls are sounds emitted by
birds under conditions of stress. The
calls can be recorded on tape cassettes
and played through a loudspeaker
located on the patrol vehicle. Distress
calls supplement shellcrackers and
noise bombs.
Automatic exploders or gas cannons,
operated by acetylene, propane, or LP
gas, produce a noise louder than a
shotgun blast. Exploders can be set up
and left to operate continuously, but
for best results, the exploders should
be operated for limited periods of time
only, unless birds are moving into the
airport. Exploders should be moved
periodically so that the birds do not
become accustomed to the blasts.
Repellents
Research has been conducted on the
efficacy of methyl anthranilate (ReIeX-
iT, Peter Vogt, PMC Corp., pers.
commun.) for repelling gulls and wa-
terfowl from standing.lxxhls of wtaer
on airport runways. Results are prom-
ising and registration of ReJeX-T by
the Environmental Protection Agency
is currently pending. Methyl anthrani-
late is a grape-flavored food additive.
Shooting
Shooting birds with shotguns or rifles
can be a highly selective and useful
form of hazard control under certain
conditions. Federal, state, and possibly
municipal permits are required. Shoot-
ing has been used to reduce hazards
caused by birds that habitually fly over
airport runways. Caution must be
used so that shooting does not disturb
nontarget species. Shooting is not prac-
lical or desirable as a mMhod for
reducing large numbers of birds.
Airport Assistance
USDA-APHIS-ADC provides technical
and operational assistance to airports
on all aspects of wildlife hazard man-
agement, including workshops on bird
hazard management, conducting envi-
ronmental assessments, and develop-
ing airport wildlife hazard
management plans.
1-3
Acknowledgments
I thank James Forbes, USDA-APHIS-ADC, and
Eugene L&Boeuf, Federal Aviation Administra-
tion, for reviewing the manuscript.
For Additional
Information
Arnold, K. A. 1981. Environmental control of
birds. Pages 499-505 in D. Pimentel, ed. CRC
handbook of pest management in agriculture,
vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 597 pp.
Brough, T., and C. J. Bridgman. 1980. An evalua-
tion of long grass as a bird deterrent on Brit-
ish airfields. J. Appl. Ecol.17243-253.
Pearson, Erwin W. 1967. Birds and airports.
Prot Vertebr. Pest Conf. 3:79-86.
Solman, Victor E. F. 1981. Birds and aviation.
Environ. Conserv. 8:45.51.
Thompson, Richard L 1983. Bird hazards at air-
ports. Prot Eastern WOdl. Damage Control
Conf.1331.
Editors
Scott E: Hygnstrom
Robert M. Timm
Cary E. Larson
1 ? t.l
1
E4
Dlll? JU11?C OIICIIIK?, IVdIIVlldl /1G?UJ?JCt C rVU f ICVG??Uii?l 1,U1?ICIc1??.C, ?•+-Lt? JUfle lyy/, oeaule, vvas( ngion
FEATHERED AND FURRY FOD - A SERIOUS PROBLEM AT U.S.
AIRPORTS
Richard A Dolbeer, USDA/APHIS/Animal Damage Control, National Wildlife Research
Center, Ohio Field Station, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, OH 44870
Bird strikes are a serious threat to aviation safety and have a significant
negative economic impact on the U.S. Air Transport Industry
Birds have the potential to cause the loss of a major jetliner on many airports in the U.S.
• In September 1995, the U.S. Air Force lost a $190 million AWACS aircraft and 24
airmen to a bird strike.
• Two bird-caused crashes in Europe killed 44 people in 1995-1996.
• Birds have caused several recent near-disasters to commercial jetliners in the U.S.
(e.g., the loss of 2 engines on an Air France Concorde landing at JFK in June 1995).
• Wildlife strikes cost U.S. aviation over $250 million/year, 1993-1995.
• About 2,500 bird strikes/year were reported for U.S. Air Force aircraft, 1993-1995.
• About 2,200 bird strikes/year were reported for U.S. civil aircraft, 1993-1995.
• An estimated 80% of bird strikes to U.S. civil aircraft go unreported.
• Gulls (30%) and waterfowl (13%) were the most commonly reported birds struck by U.S.
civil aircraft, 1993-1995.
• Over 250 civil aircraft collisions with deer were reported in the U.S., 1986-1996.
• A 12-lb Canada goose struck by'an 150-mph aircraft at lift-off generates the force of a
1,0004b weight dropped from a height of 10 feet (E=1 /2 MV2).
• Even small birds can be dangerous. For example:
• Starlings (3 oz) are "feathered bullets", having a body density 27% higher than
herring gulls.
• A kestrel (4 oz) caused an engine shutdown on a B-737 at Nashville, TN in July
1996. The plane aborted take-off, slid off the runway and injured 3 passengers.
?L
Populations of many federally protected bird species have increased
dramatically in the U.S. and become adapted to urban environments, making
the risk of bird strikes at airports much greater.
• The North American non-migratory Canada goose population tripled to 1.8 million birds,
1985-1995.
• The Great Lakes cormorant population increased from about 200 nesting adults in 1970
to 160,000 nesting adults in 1995, an 800-fold increase.
• The North American white pelican population grew at an average annual rate of 3.1
1966-1993.
• At least 30 nesting colonies of gulls (over 15,000 gulls) were located on roofs in U.S.
cities on the Great Lakes, 1994.
• The U.S. deer population is at an all time high of almost 30 million.
• Over 99% of all bird strikes in the -U.S. are by species federally protected under the
Migratory Bird Treaty Act.
Graphic example of recent population increase:
2.0
CO)
z
1.5
J
W 1.0
W
W
p 0.5
z
RESIDENT (NON-MIGRATORY) CANADA GOOSE
POPULATION IN NORTH AMERICA, 1970-1995

0.01
1970
---------------------------------------
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
. ' J
Professional wildlife hazard management programs are needed on airports
to minimize the strike threat
• Certificated Airports experiencing wildlife hazards must develop and implement wildlife
hazard management plans (FAA Regulations Part 139.337)
• Most problem species are migratory and protected by international treaty.
• Wildlife hazard management on airports is a sensitive, complex issue requiring a national
perspective, federal leadership and professional wildlife managers.
• Strong research and management programs are needed to develop cost-effective, humane
and publicly accepted solutions compatible within the Migratory Bird Treaty Ad.
• The USDAIAPHIS/Animal Damage Control (ADC) program, through its operational
program and its National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC), provides federal
leadership for resolving conflicts between wildlife and people.
• The ADC program is intemationally recognized for research and management
programs in wildlife damage control.
• NWRC, through an interagency agreement with FAA, has conducted research in
four task areas regarding bird strikes since 1991, providing valuable, practical
information and tools to help airports justify and implement wildlife management
programs to reduce strikes.
• The FAA has a Memorandum-of-Understanding with USDA/APHIS/ADC stating that
"FAA or the certificated airport may request technical and operational assistance
from ADC to reduce wildlife hazards". Many of the hazard management programs
on airports are developed, implemented or overseen by ADC biologists.
Professional ADC biologists are available for consultation and other services in all 50
States.
• Research is needed in the following 4 areas:
• Habitat management at airports to reduce bird activity.
• Development of effective wildlife control methods for airports.
• Development and maintenance of National Wildlife Strike Database to define the
nature of the strike problem.
• Minimizing the bird use of waste management facilities, wetlands and other wildlife
attractants near airports.
i!
??
Re: FedEx Stormwater Plan
Subject: Re: FedEx Stormwater Plan
Date: Mon, 09 Jul 2001 08:51:39 -0400
From: Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>
To: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Require wetlands as you deem appropriate.
"Todd St. John" wrote:
> yes, for the wet ponds... and yes we should (will) require them... The forebays
> are proposed to be unvegetated...
> However, if we are going to require extended detention wetlands because of public
> comments (as opposed to ponds or dry ponds and grassed swales), then i think that
> they need to be informed of this as soon as possible... Also, it may be that
> wetlands may not be appropriate in some areas because of safety concerns. How do
> you want to proceed?
> Greg Thorpe wrote:
> > Todd,
> > Have they proposed forebays for their ponds? if not, should we require them?
> > "Todd St. John" wrote:
> > > sorry, forgot to attach the file...
> > > Greg Thorpe wrote:
> > > > Todd,
> > > > I just wanted to send you this note while I'm thinking about it. one of
> > > > the things I want you to look for in PTAA's Stormwater Plan is to see if
> > > > they are proposing anything, such as constructed wetlands, that would
> > > > address some of the stormwater impacts from the airport facilities while
> > > > also providing some benefit to the drainage areas immediately
> > > > downstream. That is, something to address the public's concern that the
> > > > PTAA is giving their neighbors all the concrete, and giving Burlington
> > > > the wetlands. Please advise when you've made that determination.
> > > > Thanks!!
> > > -----------=------------------------------------------------------------
> > > Name: 000846.doc
> > > 000846.doc Type: Microsoft Word Document (application/msword)
> > > Encoding: base64
> > > Download Status: Not downloaded with message
1 of 1 7/9/018:53 AM
WA
T ?9QG
Co r
o <
Mr. Allan R. Berenbrok, P.E.
Baker
202 Centre Port Drive, Suite 110
Greensboro, NC 27409
Subject:
Dear Mr. Berenbrok:
June 28, 2001
PTIA
DWQ Project No. 000846
Guilford County
The Wetlands Unit staff reviewed the stormwater management plans for the subject project and determined that additional
information is necessary to complete the technical review process. The required additional information is as follows:
1. Extended Wet Detention Ponds Permanent Water Quality Pool, Temporary Water Quality Pool
The required surface area of the, permanent pool is based on the permanent pool surface area to drainage area
ratio (SA/DA) for given levels of impervious cover and basin depths. Average permanent water quality pool depths
should be 3 to 6 feet with a required minimum of 3 feet. Reference NCDENR Stormwater Best Management
Practices Manual, April 1999. Please provide site plans and calculations for each pond.
2. Design Storm
The Division review process utilizes the Simple Method for determining the 1 inch storm volume to be controlled.
This method is outlined in NCDENR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999. Other methods
may be used to determine the volume of runoff, but the method must be clearly defined and the submittal must
demonstrate that the method is applied within its limitations.
3. Pond and Outlet Detail Draw Down Orifice Outlet
Please provide plan details and sizing information for each pond.
4. SA/DA Ratio
The SA/DA ratio must be appropriate for the actual impervious area draining to the basin. Reference NCDENR
Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999.
5. Emergency Drain for Extended Wet Detention Ponds
An emergency drain must be provided to draw down the permanent pool volume in 24 hours or less. Reference
NCDENR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999. Please specify this on the engineering
plans and supply calculations.
6. Vegetated Side Slopes
The basin side slopes (above the permanent pool down to the vegetative shelf for the wet ponds) must be stabilized
with vegetation and should have side slopes no steeper than 3:1 (horizontal to vertical). Landscape information
must be clearly stated on engineering plans. If FAA Guidance is the purpose for proposing rip rapped sides please
specify how this applies to each structure (or groups of structures) considering its location in relation to runways or
taxiways, for instance.
Michael F. Easley
Governor
William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Kerr T. Stevens
Division of Water Quality
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
919-733-1786 (phone), 919-733-6893 (fax), http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/
2 -
7. Swales
If grassed swales are to be used in conjunction with the dry detention basins to achieve 85% TSS removal, the plan
details for the swales should be provided to show that the swales meet the criteria specified in the NC DENR
Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999.
8. Vegetative Shelf on Wet Extended Detention Ponds
A vegetative shelf around the perimeter of the pond is required. The shelf shall be gently sloped (6:1 or flatter) and
shall consist of native vegetation. Please specify this on the engineering plans. As with item no. 6 above, please
provide an explanation as to why no vegetative shelf is proposed in each instance.
9. Access
Access to the pond must be adequate to allow for maintenance of the basin and associated structures. Please
specify access routes on the engineering plans.
10. Sediment Removal
If the basin is proposed to be used as a sediment basin during construction, the plans must clearly indicate that
accumulated sediment will be removed prior to implementation as a wet detention basin.
11. Drainage Area
Wet detention basins must be designed to treat all of the runoff draining to the basin. Please delineate the
drainage area including offsite drainage to each basin.
12. Impervious area
Airport developments typ6ally have 85% or more impervious area. Please provide details'on the amount of
impervious area for the submitted design. Note that the impervious area used for design purposes must be based
on full build-out of the delineated drainage basin and not just the parcel currently under development.
13. Operation and Maintenance Agreement
An operation and maintenance agreement is required. The operation and maintenance agreement must also be
signed by the responsible party and notarized. An example agreement for an extended detention wet pond is
available on line at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/su/PDF_Files/State_SW_program_forms/SW U102_W et_Pond_Supplement.pdf
Division wetlands unit staff will strive to complete a final technical review within 10 working days of receipt of the
requested information. Completing the enclosed worksheet(s) (also available on line at the address below) will greatly
decrease the staff review time. If you have any questions or would like to discuss this project, please contact me at (919)
733-9584. Also, please note that the.NCDENR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999, and other
documents and information can be downloaded from the Wetlands Unit web site at
hftp://h2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetiands/.
Attachments
Sincerely,
??
Todd St. John, PE
Environmental Engineer
cc: Winston-Salem Regional Office
Greg Thorpe, Hearing Officer
Cyndi Karoly
Mikie Elmore PTAA
File
QF WA r?9 Michael F. Easley
A QG Governor
co William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
j Department of Environment and Natural Resources
D `C Kerr T. Stevens
Division of Water Quality
June 28, 2001
Mr. Allan R. Berenbrok, P.E.
Baker
202 Centre Port Drive, Suite 110
Greensboro, NC 27409
Subject: PTIA
DWQ Project No. 000846
Guilford County
Dear Mr. Berenbrok:
The Wetlands Unit staff reviewed the stormwater management plans for the subject project and determined that additional
information is necessary to complete the technical review process. The required additional information is as follows:
1. Extended Wet Detention Ponds Permanent Water Quality Pool, Temporary Water Quality Pool
The required surface area of the. permanent pool is based on the permanent pool surface area to drainage area
ratio (SA/DA) for given levels of impervious cover and basin depths. Average permanent water quality pool depths
should be 3 to 6 feet with a required minimum of 3 feet. Reference NCDENR Stormwater Best Management
Practices Manual, April 1999. Please provide site plans and calculations for each pond.
2. Design Storm
The Division review process utilizes the Simple Method for determining the 1 inch storm volume to be controlled.
This method is outlined in NCDENR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999. Other methods
may be used to determine the volume of runoff, but the method must be clearly defined and the submittal must
demonstrate that the method is applied within its limitations.
3. Pond and Outlet Detail Draw Down Orifice Outlet
Please provide plan details and sizing information for each pond.
4. SA/DA Ratio
The SA/DA ratio must be appropriate for the actual impervious area draining to the basin. Reference NCDENR
Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999.
5. Emergency Drain for Extended Wet Detention Ponds
An emergency drain must be provided to draw down the permanent pool volume in 24 hours or less. Reference
NCDENR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999. Please specify this on the engineering
plans and supply calculations.
6. Vegetated Side Slopes
The basin side slopes (above the permanent pool down to the vegetative shelf for the wet ponds) must be stabilized
with vegetation and should have side slopes no steeper than 3:1 (horizontal to vertical). Landscape information
must be clearly stated on engineering plans. If FAA Guidance is the purpose for proposing rip rapped sides please
specify how this applies to each structure (or groups of structures) considering its location in-relation to runways or
taxiways, for instance.
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
919-733-1786 (phone), 919-733-6893 (fax), http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetiands/
2
7. Swales
If grassed swales are to be used in conjunction with the dry detention basins to achieve 85% TSS removal, the plan
details for the swales should be provided to show that the swales meet the criteria specified in the NC DENR
Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999.
8. Vegetative Shelf on Wet Extended Detention Ponds
A vegetative shelf around the perimeter of the pond is required. The shelf shall be gently sloped (6:1 or flatter) and
shall consist of native vegetation. Please specify this on the engineering plans. As with item no. 6 above, please
provide an explanation as to why no vegetative shelf is proposed in each instance.
9. Access
Access to the pond must be adequate to allow for maintenance of the basin and associated structures. Please
specify access routes on the engineering plans.
10. Sediment Removal
If the basin is proposed to be used as a sediment basin during construction, the plans must clearly indicate that
accumulated sediment will be removed prior to implementation as a wet detention basin.
11. Drainage Area
Wet detention basins must be designed to treat all of the runoff draining to the basin. Please delineate the
drainage area including offsite drainage to each basin.
12. Impervious area
Airport developments typically have 85% or more impervious area. Please provide details on the amount of
impervious area for the submitted design. Note that the impervious area used for design purposes must be based
on full build-out of the delineated drainage basin and not just the parcel currently under development.
13. Operation and Maintenance Agreement
An operation and maintenance agreement is required. The operation and maintenance agreement must also be
signed by the responsible party and notarized. An example agreement for an extended detention wet pond is
available on line at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/su/PDF_Files/State_SW_program_forms/SW U 102_W et_Pond_Supplement.pdf
Division wetlands unit staff will strive to complete a final technical review within 10 working days of receipt of the
requested information. Completing the enclosed worksheet(s) (also available on line at the address below) will greatly
decrease the staff review time. If you have any questions or would like to discuss this project, please contact me at (919)
.733-9584. Also, please note that the NCDENR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, April 1999, and other
documents and information can be downloaded from the Wetlands Unit web site at
hftp://h2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetiands/.
Sincerely,
Todd St. John, PE
Environmental Engineer
Attachments
cc: Winston-Salem Regional Office
Greg Thorpe, Hearing Officer
Cyndi Karoly
Mikie Elmore PTAA
File
Project No.
(to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY - 401 WET DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
DWQ Stormwater Management Plan Review:
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a wet detention basin worksheet for each basin,
design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a fully executed
operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a request for additional
information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Proiect Name :
Contact Person: Phone Number:
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to:
Basin Bottom Elevation
Permanent Pool Elevation
Temporary Pool Elevation
Permanent Pool Surface Area
Drainage Area
Impervious Area
Permanent Pool Volume
Temporary Pool Volume
Forebay Volume
SA/DA used
Diameter of Orifice
ft. (average elevation of the floor of the basin)
ft. (elevation of the orifice invert out)
ft. (elevation of the outlet structure invert in)
sq. ft. (water surface area at permanent pool elevation)
ac. (on-site and off-site drainage to the basin)
ac. (on-site and off-site drainage to the basin)
cu. ft. (combined volume of main basin and forebay)
cu. ft. (volume detained on top of the permanent pool)
cu. ft.
(surface area to drainage area ratio) ; ..
in. (draw down orifice diameter)
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management -Ptactices manual
(N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources, November 1995) and Administrative Code
Section: 15 A NCAC 2H .1008. Initial in the space provided to indicate the following design requirements have
been met and supporting documentation is attached. If a requirement has not been met, attach an explanation of
why.
Apnlicants Initials
The temporary pool controls runoff from the 1 inch storm event.
The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1.
A submerged and vegetated perimeter shelf at less than 6:1 is provided.
Vegetation to the permanent pool elevation is specified.
An emergency drain is provided to drain the basin.
The permanent pool depth is between 3 and 6 feet (required minimum of 3 feet).
The temporary pool draws down in 2 to 5 days.
The forebay volume is approximately equal to 20% of the total basin volume.
Sediment storage is provided in the permanent pool.
Access is provided for maintenance.
A minimum 30-foot vegetative filter is provided at the outlet.
A site specific operation and maintenance (O&M) plan is provided.
A vegetation management/mowing schedule is provided in the O&M plan.
Semi-annual inspections are specified in the O&M plan.
A debris check is specified in the O&M plan to be performed after every storm event.
A specific sediment clean-out benchmark is listed (elevation or depth) in O&M plan.
A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.
FORM SWG100 09/97 Page 1 of 1
Project No. DWQ (to be provided by DWQ)
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
401 EXTENDED DRY DETENTION BASIN WORKSHEET
DWQ Stormwater Management Plan Review:
A complete stormwater management plan submittal includes a dry detention basin worksheet for each
basin, design calculations, plans and specifications showing all basin and outlet structure details, and a
fully executed operation and maintenance agreement. An incomplete submittal package will result in a
request for additional information and will substantially delay final review and approval of the project.
1. PROJECT INFORMATION (please complete the following information):
Project Name :
Contact Person: Phone Number:
For projects with multiple basins, specify which basin this worksheet applies to:
Drainage Area: acres Percent Impervious Area:_
II. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST

The following checklist outlines design requirements per the Stormwater Best Management Practices
Manual (N.C. Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources, November 1995) and
Administrative Code Section: 15 A NCAC 2H .1008. Initial in the space provided to indicate the following
design requirements have been met and supporting documentation is attached. If a requirement has not
been met, attach an explanation of why.
Applicants Initials
Either capture runoff from 1 yr., 24 hour storm and release over a 48 hour period, or
capture runoff from 1 inch storm and draw down over a period of 2 to 5 days.
The basin length to width ratio is greater than 3:1.
The basin side slopes are no steeper than 3:1.
A small permanent pool at outlet orifice is provided to reduce clogging.
An emergency drain to completely empty the basin is provided.
Vegetation plan prepared by a licensed professional is specified.
Basin to be stabilized within 14 days of construction is specified.
Sediment storage (20% of detention volume) in addition to detention volume is provided.
Inlet and outlet erosion control measures to prevent scour are provided.
Additional treatment to meet the 85% TSS removal efficiency is provided.
Access for clean-out and maintenance is provided.
Inlet plunge pool or other energy dissipation is provided.
Forebay is provided to capture sediment and minimize clean-out problems.
Uncompacted natural soils are utilized to promote vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
Seasonal high water table is at least 1 foot below bottom of basin.
If used as a temporary basin, plans indicate clean-out prior to final operation.
A site specific operation and maintenance plan with the following provisions is provided.
- Mow grass at least twice annually
- Remove trash and debris upon accumulation and at least twice annually
- Inspect for proper operation at least twice annually including:
- outlet clogging or too rapid a release
- erosion on banks
- erosion at inlet and outlet
- sediment accumulation/removal
- condition of emergency spillway
- woody vegetation in the embankment
A responsible party is designated in the O&M plan.
FORM SWU109 04/98 Page 1 of 1
stormwater plans
Subject: stormwater plans
Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 14:12:49 -0400
From: Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Mickie,
I recently read the latest version of PTAA's proposed stormwater
management plan for the Randleman Lake Watershed. I was pleased to
learn, in discussions with staff, that the PTAA and it's
representatives, have been very receptive to suggested changes, and have
been very cooperative with staff in making those changes to the proposed
plan. I was disappointed to learn, however, that the PTAA has taken a
position in opposition to participating in a regional public education
effort for this watershed. I can understand if PTAA is feeling like
it's being nickled-and-dimed to death somewhat on some of these issues,
but I think it's important for PTAA to remain a positive force and a
positive influence in the region on these issues. I say that because I
believe that PTAA's positions on such issues can reflect either
negatively or positively on your, the PTAA's, and my, and DWQ's,
credibility. And, I say that because, in my conversations with staff,
citizens, and upper management here regarding FedEx-related issues, I
have expressed the belief (based on what I've heard you & others say in
meetings, and at the hearing) that PTAA is doing, and will continue to
do, all that they can to address the citizens' concerns, and the
environmental impacts, related to this project.
While I understand that the Randleman Watershed plan is not directly
related to the FedEx project, as I have stated in the past, especially
in regards to the stormwater management plan, I believe it is in the
environment's best interest, and in PTAA's best interest, if that plan
addresses the stormwater issues and impacts comprehensively for the
entire airport. One of the best ways, I think, to address some of these
issues in a comprehensive manner, is through a public education effor.t..,-
I understand that PTAA has taken the position that they will address the.,
public education component on their own, and for their tenants and
employees only (that is, for airport owned and controlled property
only), but will not participate in any public education efforts with any
other jurisdictions. My understanding is that this position is based on
the assumption that the airport property and associated tenants is all
that PTAA is responsible for (and the other local jurisdictions are
responsible for their own public education efforts in their own
jurisdictions). While technically correct, I believe that PTAA is
making a tactical error in pursuing this strategy.
As you are aware, Mickie, the airport, in many ways, has impacts that
extend well beyond the airports' property boundaries. In addition to
the obvious things, such as noise form incoming and outgoing planes,
stormwater runoff from the airport also is one of those areas in which
the impacts extend beyond the airports' boundaries. Off-site stormwater
impacts is an issue of major concern to PTAA's neighbors, and to DWQ. I
believe that PTAA's position of not being involved in, and not
contributing to, the regional public education effort, will be viewed by
PTAA's neighbors and opponents as evidence of PTAA's (perceived) lack of
concern regarding stormwater issues, and the related educational
efforts. There are nine local government entities planning to be
involved in this regional public education effort (PTRWA, Greensboro,
High Point, Jamestown, Archdale, Randleman, Kernersville, along with
Forsythe, Guilford and Randolph Counties). I believe PTAA will be
conspicuous by its absence from this group, and its lack of
participation, as I stated earlier, will be seen, by some, as
confirmation of a lack of concern. While I have no authority to require
that PTAA participate in the regional public education effort, I
sincerely believe that it would be in PTAA's best interest to do so.
1 of 2 6/26/01 '
stormwater plans
There is a lot of opposition out there to PTAA's expansion plans, and,
as I mentioned earlier, Mickie, I believe PTAA's lack of participation
will be viewed very skeptically and negatively by PTAA's opponents, and
will be used to your disadvantage. I respectfully request that PTAA
give serious consideration to participating in the regional public
education effort. Thank you for listening, and for your consideration
in this matter.
Sincerely,
Greg Thorpe
2 of 2 6/26/013:37 PA
[Fwd: airport meeting)
Subject: [Fwd: airport meeting]
Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 10:24:00 -0400
From: Megan Owen <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR, DWQ
To: Greg Thorpe <[e-mail]>, Boyd Devane <[e-mail]>,
Larry Coble <[e-mail]>, Jennifer Frye <[e-mail]>,
Steve Zoufaly <[e-mail]>,
Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
All:
Just an fyi on a meeting Steve and I had with the Piedmont Triad
International Airport yesterday. We met at PTIA's offices in
Greensboro. The attendees were: Kevin Baker (development consultant for
PTIA), Alan someone (PTIA's stormwater engineer), Mickey Elmore
(development director for PTIA), Bill Cooke (one of PTIA's attorneys),
and Ted Johnson (executive director for PTIA). We met to talk about
their Randleman Stormwater Plan. We received their first draft on 5/25,
and this draft needed considerable work. The meeting went well and the
attendees were very amenable to our requests/suggests on
additions/changes to their plan. However, Ted Johnson was oddly adamant
about not joining in on the regional group effort with PTRWA and the
other local governments for a coordinated public education component.
They will still meet the requirements by doing the coordinated planning
with PTRWA and their own public education with their lessees, regardless
of whether or not they join the group public education program. We
expect to see another draft of the plan soon. We're still shooting for
the July WQC for approval, but we all realize September might be more
realistic.
Greg:
I didn't see your comments until this morning, but all of your comments
were addressed in the meeting anyway. Before going to this meeting a
number of DWQ people were given the chance to comment: Todd St. John,
Bradley Bennett, Larry Coble, Jennifer Frye, and yourself. No formal
letter of response is planned, but I can write one if you still want
one. As for the format of the plan, it is exactly like those of
Greensboro, High Point, Randleman, Archdale, etc. that our unit had
approved by WQC back in November. The Randleman Stormwater Plans are a
requirement of 15 NCAC 2B .0251 and are seperate/different from the
SWMPs that Bradley's group might approve; however, we have always
coordinated with his unit on these particular plans.
Subject: airport meeting
Date: Fri, 15 Jun 200107:43:29 -0400
From: Steve Zoufaly <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR DWQ
To: megan owen <[e-mail]>
Megan,
If you haven't already, would you mind giving Andrea, Greg, Boyd and
Larry Coble a brief overview via email of yesterday's meeting with the
PTAA?
Thanks, and thanks for your work on the stormwater plan - very good job!
1 of 2 6/15/0110:27
[Fwd: airport meeting]
Steve Zoufaly <Steve.Zoufaly>
Env. Supervisor
Division of Water Quality
DENR
Megan Owen <[e-mail]>
Environmental Planner
North Carolina Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
2 of 2 6/15/01 10:27 AN
PTIA review by Groundwater Section

Subject: PTIA review by Groundwater Section
Date: Wed, 06 Jun 2001 11:56:05 -0400
From: Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail], [e-mail], [e-mail],
[e-mail], [e-mail]
Greg, I've reviewed the memo from Debra Watts and Ted Bush with the
Groundwater Section (GW). I'm glad we got their comments, as I believe
they'll be very helpful to us in covering our bases related to
groundwater issues in the 401 review. Here are my thoughts on the
Environmental Concerns as discussed in their memorandum.
Category 1 - I agree with GW's request for PTIA to provide more info on
reduced groundwater recharge resulting from surface flow directly
entering municipal streams. It should be easy enough for PTIA to
provide calculations reflecting just how much more water will go into
runoff, streamflow and evaporative loss, as opposed to infiltration and
groundwater recharge. I suspect they won't cover this in the pending
FEIS, so I think we should present this as an item in the hearing
officer's report and require them to provide a specific reply. This
would be a requirement of the 401 review.
Category 2 - It sounds to me like GW identified a weakness in PTIA's
response to de-icing concerns, in that they said the contaminants will
simply be processed by stormwater control features, but have not
quantifiably demonstrated how (or if) the chemicals in question can in
fact be processed by the stormwater features. We are currently awaiting
the revised Stormwater Plan, which Todd will be reviewing. I will make
sure Todd is apprised of GW's concern and that he takes this issue into
consideration when reviewing the stormwater plan, whenever it arrives.
We may want to have GW take a look at this section of the Stormwater
Plan, if it is in fact adequately addressed in that plan. If the
subject is not sufficiently quantified in the stormwter plan, we should
have them provide a separate discussion. This would also be a component
of our 401 review.
Category 3 -_.PTIA is preparing an SPCC plan as GW recommends. I think
we should require PTIA to furnish it to us for GW's review..
Additional Concern - Whenever the FEIS arrives, I'll check it to see if
they've discussed underground storage tanks. If.it does not, we should
also include this as an item in the hearing officer's report and a
required component of the 401 review.
I will also forward a copy of this memo to Jennifer Frye for her info
and for the WSRO file record.
1 of 1 6/6/01 1:15 PIV
/1?p 0"
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
GROUNDWATER SECTION
JUNE 1, 2001
M E M O R A N D U M
TO: Greg Thorp
THROUGH: Debra Watts and Ted Bus 6t
FROM: David Goodrich
SUBJECT: Groundwater Section Review of Environmental
Impact Statement (Reference: Overnight Express Air
Cargo Facility at the Piedmont Triad International
Airport in Greensboro, North Carolina)
The Groundwater Section has completed its review of
those portions of the Environmental Impact Statement and letters
from concerned citizens furnished to us by your office. The
attached comments address our Section's concerns over groundwater
issues related to this project, as well as those expressed by the
citizens. We have also cited topics of potential environmental
risk which were evidently not addressed in the Environmental
Impact Statement, but which we feel ought to be included.
Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on
this project, and please contact me at 715-6162 if you have any
questions or if we may be of further assistance.
' t
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
GROUNDWATER SECTION
Groundwater Section Review of Environmental Concerns
Associated with Proposed Runway 5L/23R
Proposed New Overnight Express Air Cargo Sorting and Distribution Facility
and Associated Developments at the Piedmont Triad International Airport
Greensboro, North Carolina
This review is based on information furnished by Mr. Kevin Baker of Baker &
Associates, on portions of the Environmental Impact Statement, and on letters from
concerned citizens furnished to the Groundwater Section on May 7, 2001.
Background
The Piedmont Triad International Airport proposes to perform extensive
improvements intended to enable the airport to effectively meet the needs of a proposed
air cargo hub. Briefly, the improvements include the construction of a new 9,000-foot
runway; the construction of an overnight, express air cargo sorting and distribution
facility; roadway improvements; and the relocation of several airport tenant operations.
Environmental Concerns
There are three outstanding environmental concerns of the citizens of North
Carolina associated with this project. Chief among these is the fact that the improvements
and subsequent operational activities will take place in the watershed of the City of
Greensboro's water supply. The City's surface water supply is supported by tributary
streams which are fed by groundwater discharge. The proposed construction will create
significant areas of impermeable surfaces that will reduce natural groundwater recharge.
This area of the state has recently experienced severe water shortages, and urban growth
is expected to continue for the foreseeable future.
The second major concern is the potential impact of deicing agents, spilled
-aviation fuel, and other substances associated with the operation of the facility on the
City's water supply, and on the environment in general. These substances could travel
rapidly to the water supply by way of incorporation into surface runoff, or more slowly
by way of groundwater flow. The protection and preservation of municipal water supplies
will become increasingly important to this area in the future as the population continues
to grow and the demand for high-quality water increases.
The third area of apprehension expressed is the endangerment of the City's water
supply posed by possible airplane crashes and the mishandling of dangerous cargoes.
Page 1 of 3

An additional concern (but not a critical one) is groundwater contamination
resulting from improperly abandoned, "forgotten", or newly-installed underground
storage tanks in the expansion areas.
Groundwater Response to Environmental Concerns
In this section Groundwater will attempt to address each concern associated with
this project as outlined in the preceding Environmental Concerns section. The first
category is the diminishment of natural groundwater recharge resulting from the
establishment of large, impermeable surfaces that prevent infiltration. The concern that
the recharge of groundwater will be diminished by the proposed expansion is valid.
According to Kevin Baker of Baker & Associates, the runoff from the impermeable
surfaces will remain within the watershed and will be routed to tributaries that support the
municipal water supply. If this is correct, the fact that the runoff water will ultimately
enter the municipal water supply (as opposed to being "lost", or diverted into an
adjoining watershed) needs to be further explained in the Water Quality section of the
Environmental Impact Statement.
It is Groundwater's position that the major difference between the present
situation and the proposed expansion is that water which is presently entering the public
water supply by becoming groundwater and slowly feeding tributary streams will no
longer become groundwater but will instead supply the tributaries to the public water
supply as surface runoff. This will take place more quickly than by the present route of
groundwater flow, but will probably result in some additional evaporative losses. It
would be advisable for a description of this change, and the estimated quantity of
groundwater recharge converted to surface water runoff, to be included in the
Environmental Impact Statement.
According to Kevin Baker of Baker & Associates, the entire area around the
airport is served by the City's municipal water supply system. In addition, there are no
known water supply wells situated in the vicinity of the existing airport facilities, or in
the vicinity of the intended area of airport expansion, which could have their supply
potentially endangered from a standpoint of groundwater quantity. For further
information, Groundwater recommends that Nat Wilson of the Division of Water
Resources' Public Water Supply Section be contacted at [phone] regarding
-questions and issues related to public water supply
The second category of concern is the potential contamination of groundwater by
deicing agents, aviation fuel, and other substances commonly associated with airport
operations. According to Kevin Baker of Baker & Associates, the runoff from the deicing
areas and the new runways will be handled as "stormwater runoff". Stormwater runoff
will be directed to unlined "detention ponds", where passive sediment settling will be the
only form of water quality treatment it will receive. Although the actual amount of
deicing agents applied to airplanes and runways during inclement weather events should
be small in comparison to the volume of stormwater runoff, according to Kevin Baker of
Baker & Associates, the volumes of affected stormwater and concentrations of deicing
Page 2 of 3

agents within that stormwater have not been quantified. In view of the environmental
concerns surrounding this issue, the Groundwater Section recommends that the
consultant address this issue in the Environmental Impact Statement by performing
calculations and/or modeling to predict the probable volumes of affected stormwater, and
the concentrations of deicing agents (and likely concentrations of other substances)
within that stormwater. This should include the concentrations that are likely to be
present in the stormwater runoff when it enters the detention ponds (and potentially
infiltrates into the groundwater environment), and those concentrations present when it
enters tributaries and / or public water supply sources.
The third category is the endangerment of water quality posed by possible
airplane crashes and the mishandling of dangerous cargos. Groundwater recommends
that a Spill Prevention Contingency Countermeasure Plan (an SPCC Plan) be developed
specifically for this airport facility and be in place to address any accidental (surface)
spills of petroleum fuels or other liquids. Since another potential source of groundwater
contamination is by mishaps such as possible airplane crashes and the mishandling of
dangerous cargos, the management of spills associated with these events should be
addressed in the facility's SPCC Plan.
The additional concern is the risk of groundwater contamination by leaking
underground storage tanks. Portions of the Environmental Impact Statement provided to
Groundwater did not address this issue. This is another valid concern whose risk is best
minimized by locating, evacuating, and properly removing all of the "old" tanks in those
areas of the airport which are being developed or altered in association with this project.
The Environmental Impact Statement should discuss all investigations of this area
(whether old tanks are known to exist, where they are located, how many exist) and what
their plan is to address this, if it is a problem. For reference, the requirements of tank
closure and management of releases are stated under 15A NCAC 2N.0600 and .0700.
All new underground storage tanks being installed should not be a problem, since
they are required to have secondary structural containment and be equipped with state-of-
the-art leak detection equipment. The Groundwater Section recommends that Cameron
Weaver of the Underground Storage Tank Section be contacted at [phone]
regarding questions and issues related to underground storage tanks.
Page 3 of 3
W A T? Michael F. Easley, Governor
`O?Q ?QQG William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
P Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
5 ,y Division of Water Quality
- Coleen H. Sullins, Deputy Director
w;ar Division of Water Quality
July XXX, 2003
Mr. Mark L. Warren 1
Executive Director
Alliance for Legal Action J ?J
5213 Dylan WayJ
Summerfield, NC, 27358
Re: Proposed Runway 5U23R, Proposed New Overnight Express Air Cargo Sorting
and Distribution Facility, and Associated Developments at Piedmont Triad
International Airport, Guilford County
DWQ #00-0846; USACE Action ID. No. 200021655
Dear Mr. Warren:
Reference is made to your correspondence dated July 7, 2003, in which you requested that the Division
of Water Quality conduct another Public Hearing regarding the application by the Piedmont Triad Airport
Authority for a 401 Water Quality Certification for the proposed project. The application and supporting
documentation have remained available for public inspection throughout the application process. All
comments received have been considered in the review process, whether or not they were submitted to the
Division as part of the official hearing record. We believe that the comments provided as part of the Public
Hearing and during the subsequent review period have sufficiently informed us of the public concerns and
endorsements with respect to this project. Therefore, we do not intend to hold a second public hearing.
5083
Thank you for your inquiry. If you have any questions, please contact Coleen Sullins at (919) 733-
Sincerely,
Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
AW K/cbk
Attachments
cc: Eric Alsmeyer; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
DWQ, Winston-Salem Regional Office
File Copy
Central Files

NODE R
N. C. Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
[phone] (phone), 919-733-6893 (fax), (http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands)
Customer Service #: 1-877-623-6748
Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
Division of Water Quality
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources
Wetlands/401 Unit
Street Address: 2321 Crabtree Boulevard, Suite 250
Raleigh, NC 27604-2260
Fax To:
Company:
Date: -7
/TI-0 Number of pages including cover sheet: --

C
Mailing Address: 1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Contact Information: Phone #: [phone]
Fax [phone]
Fag
-Cp ?9w\ N. C. Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
[phone] (phone), 919-733-6893 (fax), (http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/nawetlands

July 7, 2003
Division of Water Quality
'V1401 MOOT
L
4ATEROYALITYSECTIO
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Attn: Mr. John R. Dorney, Chief - Wetlands/401 Unit
Mr. Dorney:
It has been over two years since the first public hearing for the application of
Piedmont Triad Airport Authority's ("PTAA') application for a Section 401 permit. In
the two years that have passed, many changes have been made to the original Section 401
permit application by PTAA. For example, the relocation of Bryan Boulevard, the
shifting of the proposed runway placement, the preliminary completion of the FedEx
sorting facility site plans, the changes in the NCDOT plans to accommodate a future I-73
interchange, and most recently the completion of comprehensive impact study of the
Greensboro Urban Loop's own Section 401 application. There have also been many
other changes that have affected and altered the original Section 401 permit application.
I represent a non-profit group that is making legal challenges through various
venues to stop construction of this devastating project of the City of Greensboro's water
supply. It is likely that legal challenges will be made to a Section 401 permit should the
permit be issued. Therefore, I respectfully request that the Division Water Quality hold
another public hearing and comment period for consideration of the citizen's voice in the
numerous changes that have been proposed and studied since the public hearing held in
April, 2001 before making a final decision to issue or deny PTAA's Section 401
application.
Thank you for your serious consideration of this request.
Sincerely,
Mark L. Warren
Executive Director
Alliance for Legal Action
5213 Dylan Way
Summerfield, NC 27358
1•i•6••q"p-46ri•f-***se*i
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F4<-? t&?u A 6"'1 Pi"

AUG 13 2003 13:23 FR MACTEC ENG AND CONULT 9198318136 TO 97336893
MACTEC
FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET
P. 01/01
TO: Cyndi_Karoly
COMPANY: DWQ Wetlands / 401 Unit
PHONE: (919) 733-•9721
FAX: [phone]
SUBJECT: PTI,4 Draft 401
S PAGES: 1
(ind Corer)
FROM: Richard B. Darlinn
DATE: Wednesda_ y. Au st 1u , 2003
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: (
919) 831-8136
Hard Copy to Follow: ? Yes ® No
'
COPIES: Mickie Elmore: Kevin Baker
COMMENTS:
Based on our discussion on Monday, we are requesting that Condition 18 of the Draft 401 Certification be revised
as follows:
18. In the event that PTAA undertakes to transfer property ownershiu of anv land csntainina retained
iurisdictionat wetlands waters and protected buffers, Ddeed notifications or similar mechanisms shall be
placed on said ali fetainec jurisdictional areas 4r a 4 ° ^B'' ^""" W9 on the property in
order to assure compliance for future wetland, water and buffer impact. These mechanisms shall be put in
place prior to Gaid property transfer '
this G ...•r ,• . A sample deed notification can be
downloaded from the 401/Wetlands Unit web site at h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands;
I believe that the suggested changes are consistent with the original intent of this Condition and do not detract
from it. Please let me know if there is anything I can do to help promulgate this requested modification. Thanks
Cyndi.
This facsimile is confidential and legally privileged Information. If you are not the intended recipient kindly inform the sender
immediately and destroy the original and all copies. Any copying, distribution, disclosure, or the taking of any action in
reliance on the contents of this facsimile, or part thereof, in any form whatsoever, without the sender's express written
consent, is prohibited and may be unlawful.
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Re: draft 401
Subject: Re: draft 401
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2003 16:07:59 -0400
From: Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
To: Coleen Sullins <Coleen. Sullins@ ncmail.net>
I understand that you are also waiting to hear from Dan as to whether we'll hold a second public hearing, as
requested by Mr. Warren. If Dan says no second hearing, please see the attached draft response letter to
Mr. Warren, saying we'll have no second hearing. I wasn't sure who to put as the contact person - might I
suggest Greg?
I should be available by cell phone over the next two days. We'll be in rural areas much of the time so
contact may be tricky. Please call Bev or Todd for my number if you need to call. Thanks.
Coleen Sullins wrote:
Looks like we are headed towards a public notice. I'll keep you posted as soon as I get something from
Dan. coleen
Cyndi Karoly wrote:
Coleen/Mary Penny/Dorney -
Coleen:
Attached is the draft 401 for FedEx with your revisions as of 7/23/03. As with the hearing officer's
report, be sure to scroll throughout and find the items in red to delete or update (draft stamp and dates)
when you print the final.
Notes for Coleen:
Horsepen Creek, where some of the mitigation work but no impacts will occur, is 303(d). ash Creek,
ere the impacts will occur; is not 303(d). reek is WSdV.
I haven't been able to reach Bradley Bennett. I will be in the field the rest of this week. If by next week
the 401 hasn't been issued and you need me to contact him, please advise.
The reason for the date shown as the application date versus the date we originally received the
application: We routinely do this with individual 401's. We list the date of the Corps' Public Notice as
the application date. Often applicants provide us an initial application many months before the Public
Notice. Using the Public Notice keeps us consistent with the rule with respect to the 60-day clock - it
starts with the PN unless we've otherwise put it on hold.
I did a search/replace for "this Office/the Division" and "DWQ/the Division" and fixed a few more
where appropriate.
Mary Penny: Please review this draft 401 and advise Coleen if you see verbiage we should modify from
your perspective.
John and Susan: fyi only.
1 of 2 7/30/03 11:12 AN
Re: draft 401
Thanks everyone.
A
Name: 2nd_Hearing_reguest. doc
Type: Microsoft Word Document (app
;odinL: base64
2 of 2 7/30/03 11:12 AM
C
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Recommendations For Additional Requirements For the WQ Certification For the
FedEx Project
In the section on Stormwater management, the following additions are recommended:
1. Stormwater known to contain toxic or hazardous substances captured in runoff
from airport surfaces, or believed likely to contain such substances, shall be
contained on site and treated sufficiently to ensure that, at discharge, such
stormwater meets the water quality standards appropriate for surface waters
classified as WS-III.
2. A stormwater discharge monitoring plan shall be approved in writing by the
Division of Water Quality before the impacts associated with any phase of the
project occur. At a minimum, the plan shall provide for monitoring of all
stormwater discharges to include sampling and subsequent measuring and
recording of water quality parameters sufficient to demonstrate that all stormwater
discharges meet the water quality standards appropriate for surface water
classified as WS-III. Such data shall be reported to the Division of Water Quality
on a regular and timely basis.
3. A spill containment and treatment failure plan shall be approved in writing by the
Division of Water Quality before the impacts associated with any phase of the
project occur. This plan shall detail strategies and procedures for containing and
mitigating any runoff from airport surfaces contaminated by the spill of toxic or
hazardous substances and for containing and mitigating any runoff from airport
surfaces containing hazardous or toxic substances which have not been adequately
treated due to the failure of any component of the stormwater management
system.
It should be noted that the above recommended additions represent expansions of plans
and practices the PTAA already has in place or is required to implement.
Re: meeting
Subject: Re: meeting
From: Daryl Lamb <[e-mail]>
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 12:12:11 -0400
To: Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
Hi Cyndi:
mailbox:///Cl/Documents%20and%20Settings/DLamb/Application%...
Yes, I would like to attend the meeting with Coleen. I have it marked on my
schedule. May I come to your office around 9:30 A.M. that day and then ride with you
to the meeting?
I am continuing to research the glycol issue with regards to the FedEx
certification. I have some recommendations to make regarding additional requirements
to the certification. I believe the key to controlling the potential glycol problem
(along with other possibly toxic chemicals that may be in the airport's runoff) lies
in the Stormwater Management Plan for PTIA. I had some preliminary discussion about
this with Todd St. John yesterday. Can we include him in our discussions tomorrow if
his schedule permits? I also believe that a formal monitoring program for stormwater
discharge should be required of the PTAA as part of their Stormwater Management
Plan. As I interpret it, we have the regulatory authority to require this under 15A
NCAC 02B .0215 (3)(a). In addition, I believe we need to require an approved spill
and treatment failure control plan as well, which we also have the authority to do
under 02B .0215 (3)(a). The PTAA can submit their SPCC for our review to ascertain
if it meets this requirement. These are some of my preliminary thoughts on the
subject. We can sit down tomorrow, go over the details, and then perhaps decide what
we want to recommend to Coleen. I also would like your input as to what should be
added the Hearing Officer's report with regard to this topic.
One other item: I will have preliminary Certification approval documents written for
Eden Industrial Park and Deep River Plantation. Can you can look them over and help
me make any necessary changes or additions? After your review, I can have them ready
for Steve Mauney to sign on Monday. Also, can you guide me through making the
necessary FileMaker entries for these projects? I'm not clear at this point on where
and what to input.
I know this is a lot of stuff to ask, but I think after our meeting tomorrow I'll
know enough to be able to work a little more independently and not have to take up so
much of your time.
Best regards,
Daryl
Cyndi Karoly wrote:
Meeting with Coleen @ FedEx is Sep 2, Tuesday, 10:30 am in her office at
the Archdale, if you'd like to attend.
Daryl Lamb
NC DENR Winston-Salem Regional Office
Division of Water Quality, Water Quality Section
585 Waughtown Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27107
Voice: [phone] ext 272
FAX: [phone]
1 of 1 8/26/2003 3:59 PM
r?
its X1
gIEDMONT QUALITY OF 2IFE &OALI
All_ t o 1MM: U
August 15, 2003
N.C. Division of Water Quality
401/Wetlands Unit
2321 Crabtree Boulevard
Raleigh, NC 27604-2260
Attention: Cyndi Karoly
3702 O'Briant Place
Greensboro, North Carolina 27410 DIV. OF WATER QUALITY
?G DIRECTOR'S OFFICE
/. G mz,,
L F e'aJf d
9??t a a
Re: Draft 401 Water Quality Certification for Piedmont Triad International Airport,
Greensboro, NC;
DWQ # 00-0846; USACE Action ID. No. 200021655
Dear Ms. Karoly:
In response to your request for comments on the Draft 401 for PTIA, I would like to
incorporate all my comments to you and Greg Thorpe in my letter dated 4/30101, after the last
DWQ hearing was held over two years ago. Although you may be under some political
pressure to grant this permit, you should be aware that there are many thousands of Guilford
County residents who oppose the construction of the proposed FedEx hub and third runway,
and who believe the proposed airport expansion will unalterably damage our quality of life. A
petition of some 550 pages with 7,613 signatures opposing this project was sent to the FAA in
the Spring of 2001.
I am enclosing with this letter a transcript of a July 31, 2003, TV broadcast entitled,
"Kentucky Stream Pollution," which I beg you to read in its entirety. The situation at the
Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky Airport is similar to ours in that we have two streams running
adjacent to the airport as they do, except that their streams flow into the Ohio River. Our
streams flow into our drinking water supply. The two streams in Kentucky - Elijah's and
Gunpowder Creeks - were once pristine and beautiful and enjoyed recreationally by nearby
residents. Now they are dead streams - killed by discharge of de-icing fluid (glycol) from the
airport.
Richard Darling of the airport's Law Engineering firm is being less than truthful when he
stated in an email to you of April 5, 2001, that "the potential impact from aircraft emissions on
terrestrial or aquatic systems that are located off airport property is considered to be
negligible."
Our Brush Creek and Horsepen Creek are already on the NC "Impaired Waters" 303(d)
list. These creeks feed directly into Greensboro's water reservoirs. Therefore, as you know,
the regulations state that these streams must be protected from any further pollution and
improved, if possible.
Let's look at the airport's wetland and stream mitigation plan:
't
•
-2-
In the Executive Summary of PTIA's LAW Project 30740-0-4253, December 28, 2001,
Attachment 5 to the "Proposed Variance, Submitted to the Watershed Review Board for PTIA,
May 16, 2002" re wetland mitigation, 59.07% of the credits given are for "Preservation" of
wetlands that are already there! The "created" or "restored" wetlands amount to a credit of
only 9.7 acres versus 23.4 acres of existing wetlands lost by this project.
Re stream mitigation: the "restoration" of 2,510 linear feet of stream in North Park,
Robinson Park, and Willowbrook Park are in Burlington, in Alamance County. This stream
restoration does not feed into any of Greensboro's three water supply lakes, nor does the
3,400 linear feet Causey Farms stream restoration, which is in the southeast corner of
Guilford County, help the Greensboro water supply. This means that while 12,846 I.f. of
stream channel will be impacted on the airport site, only 6,307 I.f. Will be restored on-site in
the Greensboro watershed!
In your mitigation calculations, giving credit for preserving streams and wetlands which
are already there and for restoring streams and wetlands which are outside the Greensboro
watershed is not going to help Greensboro's water supply. Further, decreasing the amount of
wetlands and stream channel in the airport area Greensboro watershed will place an extra
burden on our already over-burdened water treatment systems to preserve water quality. This
year is an exception to the past five years when we have had severe drought and water
shortage in Greensboro. Preserving the integrity of Greensboro's watershed supply, including
groundwater, is critical.
Another concern which is raised by the Kentucky stream pollution newscast is the
inability, or unwillingness, of the State of Kentucky to monitor airport discharge and enforce
the law. Do you have the manpower to monitor and protect, through regulations with teeth,
our streams and our water quality to ensure compliance, for example, with 303(d) of the Clean
Water Act, and prevent flooding? Who in Guilford County is responsible for monitoring and
enforcing the regulations? Greensboro has a Water Department, but what about Guilford
County? The Advisory Board on Environmental Quality (ABEQ), a fine group of very
knowledgeable, dedicated people, studies and makes recommendations but has no authority
to enforce the law. They report to the County Commissioners, most of whom have preferred
to stick their heads in the sand regarding the environmental consequences of the proposed
hub and third runway.
Re your statement in #5 Culverts, "Culverts required for this project shall be installed in
such a manner that original stream profiles are not altered." How is it possible to maintain
"original stream profiles" when four (4) streamlets, tributaries of Brush Creek, will be
completely covered over by the hub building and parking lots for 63 airplanes, 400 trucks,
and 2500 cars?
Re #8e Stormwater Management, "Within one year of your receipt of this Certification,
the retro-fit stormwater control plan (for PTIA and the Horsepen Creek mitigation area) shall
be submitted to the Division for written approval." Why do you grant the 401 Permit without
knowing whether or not the conditions will or can be met? Shouldn't a final stormwater plan
be in place before proceeding? The ABEQ doubts that the airport's stormwater management
plan can remove 85% Total Suspended Solids as you require. This dispute is still unresolved.
-3-
As a resident living about 100 feet from Brush Creek, I and others in the communities
northeast of the airport are very concerned about the impact of creating 350 acres of
impervious surface just a mile upstream of us. Especially since the Greensboro watershed
will be experiencing a net loss of 6,539 I.f. of stream and 13.7 acres of wetlands. (12,846 I.f.
minus 6,307 I.f. = 6,539 I.f.; 23.4 acres minus 9.7 acres = 13.7 acres) Brush Creek already
floods when it rains hard enough and has flooded several times this year.
Re #19, "The anticipated cumulative impacts from this project shall be addressed via
written agreements between the NC Division of Water Quality, Greensboro and Guilford
County in accordance with the appropriate signed agreements." We are perplexed by what
these unnamed written agreements' are and to whom in Greensboro and Guilford County
they are directed? What is the date and title of these agreements? Where are they and how
do they relate to the airport?
In conclusion, the Piedmont Quality of Life Coalition (PQLC) believes that, because of
the danger of flooding and water pollution, the concerns of the ABEQ regarding the airport's
stormwater management plan should be resolved to the ABEQ's full satisfaction before any
permit is issued. We believe that the wetland and stream mitigation plan is inadequate in that
about half the stream mitigation is off-site, out of the Greensboro watershed; and that the
wetland mitigation is insufficient and consists primarily of creating new wetlands, while the
existing ones with their established habitats are destroyed. Also, we don't believe that the
manpower is in place to monitor and enforce water regulations in the airport area. The
Piedmont Triad Airport Authority, acting as its own Watershed Review Board, is certainly not a
credible authority.
We strongly advise delay of this permit until all these valid concerns are addressed.
Moreover, we fail to understand how you can issue a permit while the Major Variance the
EMC granted PTIA is being challenged in court and has yet to be adjudicated.
Sincerely yours,
6,?- wl-? 40'?4?
Christine L. Peeler
President
Piedmont Quality of Life Coalition
Attachments
Cc: yAlan W. Klimek, P.E., Director, Division of Water Quality
Eric Alsmeyer, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
Kathy Matthews, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Region IV
? i
AReCO
8/5/03
P. 15
'77 1, 1 r-1
AUG 1 8 2003

Main Paste I Archived Stories Documentaries Story Tips Awards ( History
July 31: Kentucky Stream Pollution
Reported and Web Produced by: I-Team N Watch this 9News
Updated: 07/31/03 22:52:15
video
Carol Williams, 9News anchor, on set: Tonight the I-Team
looks at a classic clash between big business, government and We use RealVideo format
the rest of us. only. Click here for help.
Clyde Gray, 9News anchor, on set: The business is the Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky Airport.
The government is the state of Kentucky. and we are the public who want to fly safely but don't
want to pay the price in unnecessary pollution. Hagit Limor joins us.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, on set: We started looking into this several months ago and ran
across some pollution so severe, we had to warn people immediately back in June. But here's
what you didn't hear why the state has allowed two streams - that flow into our Ohio River - to
get so polluted, they're like raw sewage at times.
I-Team bong and animation.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, on tape: On a beautiful summer day, Matt Bell heads to the
creek behind his house.
Matt Bell, lives next to creek, on tape: "Well, I used to go in there like every other day."
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video: He'd love to jump in.
Matt Bell, lives next to stream, on tape: "it used to be crystal clear. I mean, you could like
see everything."
Hagit Limor, I--Team reporter, voice over video: But he can't.
Matt Bell, lives next to stream, on tape: "Now it's, you can't see two inches down."
WCPO Local Shows and Segments
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AReC.O
8/5/03
p. 16
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: "It's just dead. Its decay. This is
a dead, sick, dead stream."
Hagit Limor, I -Team reporter, voice over video: Heather Mayfield is a biologist and
environmentalist. She says the putrid white haze in this stream spells death for fish and worries
her about people.
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: 'The condition of the stream
now is such that, it kind of mimics that of raw sewage ...so if you have little kids playing in this
stream and they don't wash their hands, that could definitely pose a problem. I don't think any
kid should be playing here."
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, on camera: You're looking at an environmental mess. The
white haze comes and goes, but nothing much lives in Gunpowder or Elijah's creeks, flowing off
the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport. The reason's up there.
Natural sound of airplanes taking off.
Hagit Limor, l-Team reporter, voice over video: Every day 600 planes take off from the
airport. The place would shut down in the winter if it weren't for glycol - de-icing fluid - an
antifreeze sprayed on the wings. Some of it runs off or flies off at takeoff. It ends up in the
stormwater that feeds the streams. and there it gobbles up the oxygen.
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: "it would be bad for the creek
because all the aquatic organisms, whether they be fish, bugs, plants, you name it, need
oxygen to survive. And if there's no oxygen in the water, then you get a dead stream."
Hagit Limor, I--Team reporter, voice over video: No one's denying the problem, not the state
of Kentucky.
Jeff Pratt, Divisi on of Water Director, on tape: They are impaired due to the long term
presence of deicing fluid.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, on tape: Not the airport
Dale Keith, Airport Director of Operations, on tape: We had a record winter with the amount
of deicing fluid, and I believe that's probably what caused it.
Hagit Limor, 1--Team reporter, voice over video: And certainly not the neighbors who live
creekside:
Tom Brothers, neighbor, on tape: Well, it is polluted. 1 mean you can see it for yourself.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video: Tom Brothers has lived 28 years on Elijah's
creek, north of the airport.
Deloris Burke, neighbor, on tape: There's chemicals of some kind because they stink.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, voice over video: Deloris Burke has lived 53 years on
gunpowder, to the airport's south.
AReCO
8/5/03
p. 17
Deloris Burke, neighbor, on tape: It was just perfect for our family.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, voice over video: Burke remembers a creek so pristine, she
filled her pool with its clear cool waters.
Deloris Burke, neighbor, on tape: We thought it was the most beautiful place in the world.
And all our friends came out from town and turned our kids loose 'cause they couldn't get hurt.
They'd catch fish and they'd catch crawdads. Now all that's dead. There's nothing living in it.
Hagit Limor, 1--Team reporter, voice over video: So what's the state doing to fix the streams?
The kentucky division of water first started looking into problems here ten years ago. Five years
ago it wrote the airport a cleanup order saying the creeks are severely impacted by deicing.
Conditions are in violation of kentucky water quality regulations.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video: Today, they still violate. The airport's own
data show it far exceeds state levels, which already, environmentalists argue, are higher than
any u.s. airport theyve found.
Dale Keith, on tape: We violated our permit. There's basically because we don't have our
systems on line.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video: The airport's director of operations says it's
spending $30 million trying to fix the problem. planes now deice on special pads with drains
that lead to storage tanks that lead to a new recycling plant. the airport's also building a
stormwater treatment system.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, on tape: Have you noticed a change since the airport started
spending all these millions of dollars to fix the problem?
Rob Bell, neighbor, on tape: Yea, I've noticed a change. It's got a lot worse.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, voice over video:Matt's father, Rob Bell, is suspicious the new
systems will work, they're coming on line under a permit that expired more than a year ago!
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, on tape:How many other industries are out there that can
operate on what are basically expired permits?
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: As far as how many I don't have a number on
that on the top of my head. Is it common? It does occasionally happen. i wouldn't say it's
common. It's infrequent.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video: With the old permit in place, Kentucky is
supposed to fine the airport every time it exceeds state pollution limits. But it hasn't in the past
five years.
Hagit Limor, i-Team reporter, on tape: Yet you know that they have repeatedly violated.
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: Uh, yea, as far as meeting their permit limits,
yes, there has been excursions in which they have, and that's not uncommon for us to exercise
enforcement discretion.

AReCO
8/5/03
p. 18
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: As for a new permit? the state promised it
would be ready last summer. a year later, no new permit.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, on tape: What is taking so long?
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: Well, as I said before this is a complex site.
And we're just now coming to the point where we've got a handle on everything that they're
going to be doing to address that problem. And those have to be taken into considering in the
drafting and issuing of the permit.
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: It seems like our Division of
Water is basically catering this permit to what the airport is able to do. And that's not supposed
to be how its done. You make the industry follow those limits. You don't set limits based on
what that industry can do.
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: They do have limits and they will have limits
in the new permit.
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: They have to give the airport
incentives for restoring the stream. There's nothing, nothing in their permit that said, 'in a year
you have to reduce your discharge amounts by this much.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video: But Pratt says the state now plans to reopen
that cleanup order it wrote five years ago to place goals and time frames for progress.
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: If you look back to 1990 to where we are now
we've come a long way.
Hagit Limor, I--Team reporter, on tape:You think the situation there is getting better.
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: I think it's minimal but it is a little better.
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: This is a dead stream. This is
unacceptable.
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape:They are impaired principally from the
standpoint of aquatic life. It is not a direct hazard to human health.
Hagit Limor, I--Team reporter, on tape: Ethylene glycol is a known carcinogen. It is harmful to
the brain, the heart, the lungs, the liver, the kidneys and muscles. You don't think it's impacting
humans at all?
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: Well I, uh, I don't feel safe saying at, you
know, with those you know.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, on tape: Would you let your kids go wade in those streams?
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: I wouldn't say, well, 1 wouldn't encourage
them to.

tnEDMONT QUALITY OF bFE COALITION
PMB 301
2207 Fleming Road,
Greensboro, North Carolina 27410-9372
April 30, 2001
Mr. Greg Thorpe
C/o Ms. Cyndi Karoly
NC Division of Water Quality
401IWetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Dear Mr. Thorpe and Ms. Karoly:

AUG 1, X003
9MR DALf N SEG TI ON
We were most pleased and grateful for the professional, respectful and fair way you
conducted the DWQ public hearing on April 3`d in the Greensboro Coliseum. This hearing
was in marked contrast to the way other public hearings by the FAA, etc., have been
conducted.
The Piedmont Triad Airport Authority has been unwilling to release documents the public
has a right to know in a timely manner. A recent example of this is when the Watershed
Protection Engineer for Guilford County called the Airport Authority's engineer on 4/10 or
4/11 asking for a copy of the Stormwater Plan and was told, "the attorneys are not ready to
release it." The arrogance of this quasi-municipality is outrageous, and they are certainly
not a "good neighbor."
The Airport has consistently withheld information on this project, sometimes admitting
knowledge of it only after the information has been uncovered via other avenues (e.g., the
facts re the scope of the project contained in the FedEx Request for Proposal of 11/97
which came to light during the PTAA v. Urbine court case, 3/00) and after much prodding
(e.g. the correspondence between FedEx and PTAA re guarantees asked for by FedEx
and granted by PTAA prior to the announcement of the project in April, 1998, and not
released in the PTAA Minutes until July, 1998, after the matter of incentives was brought
up in NC legislature in June.)
And now, the only way-even for our local government officials-to look at PTAA's
application (and plan for mitigation) in order to comment on it is to go to Raleigh or
Winston-Salem! Certainly it takes a while for all interested parties to be copied on such a
voluminous document and to digest it in order to comment pertinently. Not having seen
the document, I can only comment on the 23+ acres of wetlands to be destroyed and the
almost three miles of streams and their buffers to be eliminated.
I understand that it is not your province to decide whether or not this PTAA project serves
a "public purpose." For the record, however, and for your information, I would like to state
that this third runway expansion project at PTIA serves NO ONE but FedEx, a private

-2-
corporation, and those who expect to profit from building it. We already have FedEx
service here for any company that wants to ship or receive goods by FedEx. A nighttime
air and truck cargo hub is not needed to do so; a hub would serve only FedEx, not the
citizens of Guilford County who would bear the brunt of this project in so many ways.
Regarding hub-related jobs, we also have UPS here who are always looking for workers, if
there is such a great need for package-handling jobs-which there apparently is not.
Furthermore, PTIA is running at about 25% capacity, so there is NO NEED or justification
for this destructive airport expansion-except that FedEx WANTS a parallel runway.
THERE ARE BETTER ALTERNATIVES than to put this hub and another unnecessary
runway at PTIAII The Global TransPark in Kinston was expressly built to handle cargo
planes and trucks and even international operations.
Also for your information, as President of the Piedmont Quality of Life Coalition I have
recently sent to the FAA a petition (544 pages), opposing the building of a third runway
and a cargo hub at PTIA, with 7,500 signatures on it. We have reason to believe that
many more oppose this project than are here represented, and that number is growing
daily as people become more aware of what it will mean for the county. You perhaps are
aware that the Town Council of Summerfield passed a Resolution against the FedEx
project, similar to the one passed by the Town Councils of Cary and Morrisville around
Raleigh. In addition, the High Point Mayor and the majority of the High Point City Council
have stated their serious concerns.
My first concern, as related at the public hearing, is about storm and floodwater storage
and the moderation of extreme water fluctuations. I, along with hundreds of others, live
very near Brush Creek, which is also in the 100 year floodplain. When it rains long and
hard enough, placid Brush Creek becomes a raging river. The water from surrounding
hills drains into Brush Creek via various drains near the creek, but when the creek
becomes a river, instead of water draining into Brush Creek, it backs up and causes
flooding. That is happening NOW. What will happen when you add at least 332 acres of
impervious surface?
Secondly, the airport area is in both the Reedy Fork Basin and part of the Reedy Fork
Subbasin with a recharge rate of 696 gallons per acre per day and 475 gallons per acre
per day respectively, according to the US Geological Survey. Figured at the airport's
1998 figures of 332 acres of impervious surface for the FedEx project, a figure which I
understand is now higher, we are talking about a loss of -groundwater discharge to streams
in dry weather of a minimum of 57 million gallons and probably closer to 90 million gallons
annually--more if the acreage of impervious surface increases, which it would as
warehouses replace beautiful, forested, rolling hills and streams. (Are you aware that
Guilford County experienced a drought in the Fall of 1998 so severe that we were down to
only 30 days water supply in reserve, and the Greensboro Water Department was
considering evacuating the city?)
Third, the FedEx 126 nightly cargo jet operations will be flying over both High Point's and
Greensboro's water supply: Oak Hollow Lake, Deep River in High Point, and Brush Creek,
Lakes Higgins, Brandt, and Townsend in Greensboro. How are de-icing fluids, a thick
substance made up of harmful chemicals (glycols, etc.), which is put on the wings of
planes and drops off to the ground and waters below for miles as the planes become
airborne, how is this pollutant going to be "filtered" or otherwise treated? Other airports

-3-
have not been particularly successful at preventing these pollutants from reaching nearby
streams (Baltimore-Washington International comes to mind...). Who will do this? And
who will enforce that it is done? Does the manpower exist that can both inspect and
enforce the regulations? Will you pay for an additional person in the regional Division of
Land Quality to monitor this huge project?
Fourth, what about onsite fuel spills that will run off into whatever stormwater storage there
is? What about leaks from underground fuel tanks into the groundwater? Again, who will
enforce whatever regulations you set up regarding this?
Fifth, your Wetlands Standards regulations state, "habitats for the propagation of resident
wetland-dependent aquatic organisms" must be protected and preserved. How do we
replace all the eco-systems that Mother Nature has developed over hundreds of years in
the nearly three miles of streams this project plans to destroy? These eco-systems
perform a valuable service in Guilford County for the overall health of the community.
Creating new and artificial wetlands in another county does not help us here in Guilford
County! Are you only concemed that a certain amount of wetlands in the state in general
be preserved-no matter where they are? We get the concrete, they get the wetlands? At
the very least, "mitigating" streams and buffers (that satisfy the letter, if not the spirit, of the
law) should be created within the Greensboro watershed, not elsewhere.
In conclusion, for all these reasons stated here and many others, I hope you will deny the
airport's application to build this monstrosity within our watershed and at the headwaters of
the Cape Fear River Basin.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
Christine L. Peeler
President, Piedmont Quality of Life Coalition
3702 O'Briant Place
Greensboro, NC 27410
[phone]
clneeler 20I.com
cc: Mr. John Thomas
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
US Army Corps of Engineers
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road, Suite 120
Raleigh, NC 27615

AReCA
8/5/03
P. 19
Heather Mayfield, biologist and environmentalist, on tape: This is a classic case of
enforcement gone wrong in Kentucky
Jeff Pratt, Division of Water Director, on tape: l would beg to differ from that. I don't think it's
enforcement gone wrong. I think its a very difficult, complex issue to address in a very timely
manner.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, voice over video:That's small consolation to matt bell: Kind of
gross.
Tom Brothers, neighbor, on tape: Now I can't catch nothing.
Deloris Burke, neighbor, on tape: I just think that it's wrong.
Hagit Limor, 1-Team reporter, voice over video: They say, if ten years isn't enough to fix a
clear-cut source of pollution like here, what hope is there for the rest of kentucky's streams?
Deloris Burke, neighbor, on tape: I think they're making a mistake to not look after what God
gave us.
.Team bong and animaton out.
Hagit Limor, I-Team reporter, on set: Remember, those streams flow into the Ohio river now
normally, streams are in their best shape in the summer because spring rains wash out much
of the pollution. But all the rain we had this year wasn't enough to let the streams bounce back.
The airport says its new systems go on line this fall and should improve the situation as soon
as this upcoming winter. all this becomes even more important when you consider the
expansion at the airport, a new runway for one. it will mean more planes and more deicing.
Contact the 1-Team
Stephen Hill < [e-mail]>
Hagit Limor < [e-mail]>
Laure Quinlivan < [e-mail] >
RESPONSE TO PUBLIC COMMENTS ON PROPOSED FED-EX FACILITY
AND EXPANSION OF PIEDMONT TRIAD INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Regarding Cumulative Impact concerns
Prepared by DWQ Wetlands/401 Unit staff
September 2, 2003
A. Additional highway projects and their effect on cumulative impact from the
Airport:
There are nine DOT project in or near the Piedmont Triad International Airport
from the most recent version of the TIP plan (2004 to 2010). These projects are listed
below along with a discussion of considerations for cumulative impacts.
1. Bridge replacements: B - 4695, B - 3848, B - 3177 and B - 4756.
These projects involve the replacement of bridges with bridges or pipes. DWQ's
cumulative impact policy states that these types of projects are not of concern with
respect to cumulative impact since these projects have a low potential for stimulating
growth since little new impervious surface is added.
11. R - 2413 - widening and new location from NC 68 to US 220
(segment of the future 1-73). This is a new location project to connect NC 68 near the
airport and US 220 and therefore has potential to stimulate growth and have
downstream water quality effects. However most of the location for the project is within
the area of Guilford County and the City of Greensboro where cumulative impact
measures will be addressed by the local governments and DWQ. In addition, cumulative
impact issues will be addressed by DWQ during the permitting of this project which has
not yet begun. During our discussions with the local governments, DWQ will actively.
urge Guilford County and the City of Greensboro to adopt proactive water quality
measures in the northern portion of this project in order to address cumulative impact
issues when permits for this project are sought.
Ill. U - 2524 - Greensboro Western Loop: Cumulative impact issues with
this project were handled when DWQ issued the 401 Certification on May 14, 2003.
The commitment of the local governments to work with DWQ on these issues is the
centerpiece of this strategy.
IV. U - 2611 - Widening of old US 421/SR 1008. This project is unlikely to
have cumulative impacts on downstream water quality since the DWQ policy states that
widening projects with new location have a low potential for cumulative impact. In
addition, the location for the project is within the area of Guilford County and the City of
Greensboro where cumulative impact measures will be addressed by the local
governments and DWQ.
V. U - 2815 - Old Oak Ridge Road. This project may have cumulative
impacts on downstream water quality but the location for the project is within the area of
Guilford County and the City of Greensboro where cumulative impact measures will be
addressed by the local governments and DWQ.
VI. U -4015 - Gallimore Dairy Road (SR 1556) to Airport vicinity: The
location for this short segment of new location project is within the area of Guilford
County and the City of Greensboro where cumulative impact measures will be
addressed by the local governments and DWQ.
B. Issuance of the 401 Water Quality Certification before commitment by local
elective bodies. DWQ has written commitments from the City Manager and County
Manager to work with DWQ staff to develop land use control measures to address
cumulative impacts. These signed commitments specifically list stream buffers, on-
site stormwater management and enhanced sedimentation and erosion control as
possible measures. DWQ has had a good working relationship with the City and
County for many years on various water quality measures including the water supply
rules, an improved stream map for a large part of the County and the Randleman
Lake buffer rules. DWQ believes that this good relationship will continue and will
work diligently with the City and County to get the needed measures in place as soon
as practical. The recent good experience with the Randleman Lake rules is a good
example of an effective local-state partnership in this context.
C. Issuance of the 401 Water Quality Certification considerina the possible effects
of other possible projects (future DOT roads or Boeing Aircraft plant). The 401
Certification rules concerning cumulative impacts "... based upon past or reasonably
anticipated future impacts...". The possible Boeing Aircraft plant or DOT projects not
on the TIP plan are not reasonably anticipated and therefore not relevant to the
cumulative impact decision for the Airport. In addition, if these (or other) projects
become proposed, the cumulative impact of those projects can be addressed by
DWQ at that time.