080013_HISTORICAL_20171231

NURTH CAROLINA
Department of Environmental Qual

HISTORICAL
HISTORICAL
HISTORICAL

Karen Knowles 919-794-2797 02/19/1996 02:56:33 PM P.1
TO: Mr. Robert Tankard
N. i ;. I )epartment of Fnvircmment
FROM: Mr. Charles Knowles
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, NC 27983
FAX NUMBER: 919-794-2797
DATE: February 19, 1996
Dear Mr. Tankard:
This letter is written to inform you that as of August 1995, I am no longer in the hog business.
Furthermore, I have no intention of returning to the business or of having any hogs on the farm.
I have been in contact with MrJunius Russell from the soil conservation service and they are
working with me on a plan to close out the lagoon. As soon as these plans are finalized, we are
prepared to start closing.
A copy of the plans from the SCS will be sent to you when they are completed. Please contact
me if you have any further questions or concerns. I will also forward a signed copy of this letter to
you.
Sincerely,
Charles Knowles

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
James B, Hunt. Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
November 13, 1996
Charles Knowles
Charles Knowles Farm
144 Knowier Lane
Windsor NC 27983
SUBJECT. Operator In Charge Designation
Facility: Charles Knowles Farm
Facility ID#: 8-13
Bertie County
Dear Mr. Knowles:
RECE WIM
WASHINGTON OFFICE
NOV 1 9 1996
D.`1:BL
k
Senate Bill 1217, An Act to Implement Recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Study
Commission on Agricultural Waste, enacted by the 1996 North Carolina General Assembly,
requires a certified operator for each animal waste management system that serves 250 or more
swine by January 1, 1997. The owner of each animal waste management system must submit a
designation form to the Technical Assistance and Certification Group which designates an
Operator in Charge and is countersigned by the certified operator. The enclosed form must be
submitted by January 1, 1997 for all facilities in operation as of that date. Failure to designate a
certified operator for your animal waste management system is a violation of 1 SA NCAC 2H
.0224 and may result in the assessment of a civil penalty.
If you have questions concerning operator training or examinations for certification, please
contact your local North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service agent or our office.
Examinations have been offered on an on -going basis in many counties throughout the state for
the past several months and will continue to be offered through December 31, 1996.
Thank you for your cooperation. If you have any questions concerning this requirement please
call Beth Buffington or Barry Huneycutt of our staff at 91gn33-0026.
Sincerely,
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P. , director
Division of Water Quality
Enclosure
cc: Washington Regional Office
Water Quality Files
P.O. Box 27687, 1W
Raleigh, North Carolina 2761 1-7687 r�C An Equal OpportunitylAffirmative Action Employer
Voice 919-715-4100 2M, 50% recycled/ 100% post -consumer paper

7-S
State of North Carolina Illy 7J
Department of Environment, ffl�VA
Health and Natural Resources 4 0
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor Rval ���
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary p E H N F 1
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
December 11, 1995
- cl�0411191 P I
I. ROM
MR. CHARLES KNOWLES
CHARLES KNOWLES SWINE OPERATION --- �- -
144 KNOWLES LANE RECErvED
WINDSOR, NC 27583 WASHINGTON OFFrCe
Subject: Notice of Violation # 95-52 DEC 13 1995
Notice of Intent to Revoke Deemed Permit
Charles Knowles Swine Operation DX E M.
Farm Number 08-013
�itie County : -.
Dear Mr. Knowles:
You are hereby notified that, having been deemed permitted to have a nondischarge permit for the
subject animal waste disposal system pursuant to 15A NCAC 2H .0217, you have been found to
he in violation of your 211.0217 Permit.
On July 10, 1995, DEM staff from the Washington Regional Office inspected your operation and
found wastewater discharging from one of your hog houses and flowing down a drainage system.
This wastewater was ponding in an area adjacent to the swamps of the Roanoke River.
In accordance with the requirements of NCAC 2H.0213, you are hereby given notice that sixty
(60) days following your receipt of this letter, the Division of Environmental Management intends
to revoke your permit unless the following conditions are completed:
1. Immediately eliminate the discharge of wastewater or correct the violation.
2. Make any modifications needed to ensure there will be no future discharges.
3. Submit an approved animal waste management plan and have the attached certification form
completed. One copy of the plan must be sent to your local Soil and Water Conservation
District. The certification form and two (2) copies of your plan must be returned to the address
below:
Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section Operations Branch
P.O. Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

Failure to comply with the above conditions will result in permit revocation and therefore, the
existing animal waste management system serving your animal operation will be in operation
without a permit as required by North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1.
Your approved animal waste management plan must explain how you will collect, store, treat and
land apply your animal waste in an environmentally acceptable manner. To assist you in the
development of this plan and to provide the required certification that the plan is acceptable, you
should contact your local agricultural agencies such as the Soil and Water Conservation District,
the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, the North Carolina Cooperative Extension
Service or a technical specialist designated pursuant to the rules adopted by the Soil and Water
Conservation Commission.
If we have not received the requested animal waste management plan and certification within 60
days of receipt of this letter or if there are additional discharges to the surface water a civil penalty
of up to $10,000 may be assessed and you may be required to apply for an individual
nondischarge permit from the Division. This permit, if issued, will contain monitoring and
reporting requirements determined to be necessary by the Division.
Although we will make every effort to work with you in correcting the problems found at your
facility, please be advised that nothing in this letter should be taken as preventing the Division from
taking appropiate enforcement actions for either these violations or other past or future violations.
If you have any questions concerning this matter please do not hesitate to contact either Roger
Thorpe, Water Quality Regional Supervisor for our Washington Regional Office at [phone]
or Mr. Shannon Langley at [phone], ext. 581.
Sincerely,
A. Preston Ho
4., P.E.
ATTACHMENTS
cc: cRegionai-Water Quality -Supervisor --I
Junius Russell - Bertie County Soil and Water Conservation District
Pat Hooper - Washington Regional Coordinator, NC DSWC
Compliance(Enforcement File

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, N19;VA
Health and Natural Resources 4 0
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor A±
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary C> C H N F1
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Charles Knowles
Charles Knowles Farm
144 Knowler Lane
Windsor NC 27983
Dear Charles Knowles:
March 14, 1997 WA5HUUT07IVE
N 'OD
FF(CE
[MAR 18 1997
D. E. M.
Subject: Removal of Registration
Facility Number08-13
Bertie County
This is to acknowledge receipt of your request that your facility no longer be registered as an animal waste
management system per the terms of 15A NCAC 2H .0217. The information you provided us indicated that your operation's
animal population does not exceed the number set forth by 15A NCAC 2H .0217, and therefore does not require registration
for a certified animal waste management plan.
Under 15A NCAC 2H .0217, your facility is deemed permitted if waste is properly managed and does not reach the
surface waters of the state. Any system determined to have an adverse impact on water quality may be required to obtain a
waste management plan or an individual permit. You are reminded that a discharge of wastes to the surface waters of the state
will subject you to a civil penalty up to $ 10,000 per day.
Should you decide to increase the number of animals housed at your facility beyond the threshold limits listed below,
you will be required to obtain a certified animal waste management plan prior to stocking animals to that level. Threshold
numbers of animals which require certified animal waste management plans are as follows:
Swine
250
Confined Cattle
100
Horses
75
Sheep
1,000
Poultry
30,000
If you have questions regarding this letter or the status of your operation please call Sue Homewood of our staff at
[phone] ext 502.
Sincerely,
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Washington Water Quality Regional Office
Bettie Soil and Water Conservation District
Facility File
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

1,
W.'D,Q FL
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
November 1, 1995
MEMORANDUM
TO: Steve Tedder, Water Quality Section Chief
Central Office
THROUGH: Jim Mulligan, Regional Supervisor
Washington Regional Office
THROUGH: Roger K. ThorpA%t'e�rQuality Supervisor
Washington Regional Office
FROM: Robert Tankard, Environmental Engineer
Water Quality Section, WARO
SUBJECT: Notice of Intent to Revoke Deemed Permit
Charles Knowles Swine Operation
Farm No. 08-13
Bertie County
/i1 2,ly5-
The purpose of this memo is to request that the Charles Knowles Swine Operation
located approximately 1.5 miles off NCSR 1518 near Windsor in Bertie County, be
issued a Notice of Violation to revoke the deemed permitted status as a result of not
managing the animal wastewater properly at the operation and for the possible discharge
of animal wastewater to waters of the State.
On July 10, 1995, Division of Environmental Staff (R. Tankard and E. Warren)
investigated the facility and found that animal wastewater discharged from one of the
flush gutter houses and flowed around the lagoon to a low area which formed a pond.
This area per Mr. Knowles's letter is not connected to waters of the State because the
path separates the swamp from the pond. At the time of the inspection, it could not be
determined if wastewater flowed from the pond to the swamps. Also, it was observed
that the lagoons had overflowed and was on the verge of overflowing. The lagoon had
approximately zero inches of freeboard.
On May 5, 1993, DEM staff investigated the facility and found discharges identical to the
ones that were found on July 10, 1995. During the May 5, 1993 investigation it was
determined that Mr. Knowles discharged wastewater from an overflow in the lagoon wall
and broken flush gutter equipment into an unnamed tributary to the Roanoke River which
is classified as C within the Roanoke River Basin. The Charles Knowles Swine
Operation was designated an Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation on May 25, 1993.

In conclusion, the Charles Knowles Swine Operation is not managing their wastewater
properly. In May 1993, Mr. Knowles was discharging wastewater into an unnamed
tributary which flowed to the Roanoke. In July 1995, identical problems were occurring
at the operation but there were some questions whether or not the wastewater was
discharging into the swamps of the Roanoke. It is recommended that Mr. Knowles's
deemed permitted status be revoked.

Animal Operations Inspection Form
1. Date of Inspection: July 10, 1995
2. Regional Office: Washington
3. Name of Property Owner: Charles Knowles
4. Name of Operator: Charles Knowles
5. Address: 144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, NC 27583
6. Phone Number: [phone]
7. Description of facility location: The facility is located approximately 1.5 miles off
NCSR 1518 near Windsor, NC in Sertie County. See attached map.
8. Date the facility began operation: 830101
9. Date of last expansion: NIA.
Explain:
10. Has the facility registered with DEM? YES
If yes, date registered? 931206
It. Does the facility have an approved animal waste management plan? No
is one required? 970101
Date approved?
12. Has the facility received a CAFO Designation? Yes
If yes, date issued? May 25, 1993
13. Type of operation (Examples: swine, farrow to finish, topping, dairy, beef, cattle,
poultry, breeders, layers, broilers, turkey production, etc.):
The operation is a farrow to finish.
14. Number and type of animals: At the time of inspection, the operation housed
approximately 400 animals.
15. Length of time animals have been, are, or will be stabled or confined and fed or
maintained in any 12 month period: Animals are housed over a twelve month period.
16. Are crops, pasture, or post -harvest residues sustained in the normal growing
season over any portion of the lot or facility? Corn, cotton, and beans are raised on
approximately 300 acres.

17. Type of waste management (Examples: 1. type of confinement: free stall barns,
sheltered or limited shelter dirt lots, paved or dirt open lots, houses, or pasture;
2. type of waste handling: direct spreading in solid form, slotted floor with lagoon
or pit, single or multi -cell lagoon, aerated lagoon, land application of liquid
manure, spray irrigation, stockpiling, contractor disposal, etc.)? Swine are housed
in two flush gutter buildings.
18. Description of other animal operations in immediate vicinity and proximity to same
or other surface waters: There is a dry litter chicken operation approximately l mile
east of the facility.
19. Proximity of facility to neighboring houses, wells, etc.: The nearest home is Mr.
Knowles's house and is approximately 1 mile from the facility.
20. Approximate depth of groundwater table in the area of the facility or discharge:
Groundwater table is approximately two to three feet below surface.
21. Proximity of facility to surface waters (provide name and class of surface
waters): The lagoon is located next to an unnamed tributary which discharges to the
Roanoke River which is classified C within the Roanoke River Basin.
22. Animal waste discharge including photos and witness' names, addresses, telephone
numbers, and statements of fact): Please note the attached photographs for your
reference.
23. Are pollutants discharged into the waters of the state? if so, How? (directly or
by man-made ditch, flushing system, or other similar man-made device): Animal
wastewater discharged via an overflow in the lagoon wall and from broken flush gutter
equipment at the back of one of the hog houses. DEM staff are unsure if this unnamed
tributary is connected to the Roanoke River because of a path. Mr. Knowles stated that
the path separates the swamp from the pond. However, during a previous investigation
(May 5, 1993) wastewater was discharged from this pond to the Roanoke River by
overflowing the path.
24. Do or have discharges occurred in response to a storm event of less than a 25-year,
24-hour intensity (if yes, include a brief listing of incidents and suspected causes):
The discharge did not occur in response to a 25 year 24 how' storm event.
25. What is the degree and extent of harm to the natural resources of the State, to the
public health, or to private property resulting from the violation? Animal waste has
discharged into an unnamed tributary which may be connected to the Roanoke River
which is classified C within the Roanoke River Basin. Wastewater of this nature has the
potential to deplete dissolved oxygen in the affected water body to a point which maybe
harmful to aquatic life.

26. What is the duration and gravity of the violation? Unknown. This was the second
time waste was found discharging from the flush gutter house and overflowing the
lagoon.
27. Water Quality Assessment: (Include description of sampling, field measurements,
visual observations and slope and vegetative cover of land adjacent to water, extent
of rainfall and other factors relative to the likelihood or frequency of discharge of
animal wastes and process wastewaters ). The effect on ground or surface water
quality or quantity or on air quality. Wastewater was observed, by DEM staff,
discharging into an unnamed tributary which may be connected to the Roanoke River.
There were no significant rainfall events associated with this discharge.
28. What is the cost of rectifying the damage? Unknown.
29. What is the amount of money saved by noncompliance? The cost associated with
managing the lagoon system correctly.
30. Was the violation committed willfully or intentionally? Explain: It is this
office's opinion the violation was due to negligence. Identical problems were existing
on the May 5, 1993 investigation and the July 10, 1995 investigation.
31. What is the prior record of the violator in complying or failing to comply with
programs over which Environmental Management Commission has regulatory
authority? On May 5, 1993, the operation was found discharging.
32. What is the cost to the State for the enforcement procedures?
Staff Time (WARD): $122.58
Staff Time (Central Office): $
Travel: $ 17.60
Total Cost of Investigation: $140.18
33. Type or general nature of business? Charles Knowles owns a swine operation.
34. What is the violator's degree of cooperation (including efforts to prevent or
restore) or recalcitrance (stubbornness)? Mr. Knowles has been cooperative when
staff were on site.
35. Are there mitigating circumstances? No
36. Assessment Factors:
a. IWC:
b. Receiving Stream:
c. Damage (YJN - If yes, include report from WRC)

37. Include a copy of any Designation letter signed by the Director. See Copy.
38. Recommendations made to owner/operator: Recommendations were made to stop
discharge.
39. Recommendations for further DEM action (Re -inspect, NOV, Enforcement Action,
Designate, etc.): The Washington Regional Office recommends that Charles
Knowles's Swine Operation receive a NOV as a result of said discharges. This NOV will
include a deadline by which the operation will obtain and begin operating in accordance
with a certified waste management plan. Follow-up inspections will occur as needed.
40. Other Comments: None

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources 4 •
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor C) E H N F
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
CE—KUFIED MAIL
RF,TTURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Mr. Charles Knowles
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, North Carolina 27583
Subject: Notice of Violation
Notice of intent to Revoke Deemed Permit
Charles Knowles Swine Operation
Farm Number 08-13
Bertie County
Dear Mr. Knowles:
You are hereby notified that Charles Knowles Swine Operation, which has been deemed permitted to
have a nondischarge permit for an animal waste disposal system pursuant to 15A NCAC 2H .0217,
has been found to be in violation of its 2H .0217 Permit. Pursuant to North Carolina General Statute
143-215. 1 (b)(4)c, 15A NCAC 2H .0213 and 15A NCAC 2H .0217(d).
On May 25, 1993, the Charles Knowles Swine Operation was designated a Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operation for the discharge of animal wastewater into surface waters of the State on May 5,
1993. On July 10, 1995, DEM staff inspected your operation and found wastewater discharging
from one of your hog houses and not entering your lagoon. The wastewater went down a drainage
system and ponded adjacent to the swamps of the Roanoke River. The wastewater was not entering
the swamp at the time but was entering the waters of the State on the May 5, 1993 inspection.
Please note that the wastewater was discharging from the same places at the two inspections and on
the second inspection the wastewater was not discharging into waters of the State at the time of
inspection.
Within 60 days from your receipt of this letter, the Division of Environmental Management intends
to revoke Charles Knowles Swine Operation's permit unless the following conditions are completed:
1. immediately eliminate the discharge of wastewater.
2. Make any modifications needed to ensure there will be no future discharges.
3. Send in an approved animal waste management plan and have the attached certification form
completed. This form and a copy of your plan must be returned to:
Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section Operations Branch
P.Q. Box 29535
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 5096 recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
Failure to comply with the above conditions will cause the existing wastewater treatment system
serving your animal operation to be considered being operated without a permit as required by North
Carolina General Statute 143-215.1.
The facility may be deemed to have a permit following revocation if the former permittee makes
such a request in writing and the previously stated conditions are met to the full satisfaction of the
Director.
Your approved animal waste management plan must explain how you will collect, store, treat and
land apply your animal waste to the land in an environmentally acceptable manner. To assist you in
the development of this plan and to provide the required certification that the plan is acceptable, you
should contact your local agricultural agencies such as the Soil and Water Conservation District, the
USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, or the North Carolina Cooperative Extension
Service.
If we have not received the requested animal waste management plan and certification within 60 days
of receipt of this letter or if there are additional discharges to the surface water, a civil penalty of up
to $10,000 may be assessed and you must apply for an individual non discharge permit from the
Division. Please find attached a permit application which must be completed and returned if you
wish to apply for an individual non discharge permit. This permit, if issued, will contain monitoring
and reporting requirements determined to be necessary by the Division. This letter does not prevent
the Division of Environmental Management from taking enforcement actions for this violation or any
past or future violations.
If you have any questions concerning this matter please do not hesitate to contact either Roger
Thorpe, Water Quality Regional Supervisor for our Washington Regional Office at (919)-946-6481,
ext. 214 or Mr. Shannon Langley at [phone], ext. 581.
Sincerely,
A_ Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
ATTACHMENTS
cc: WARD File
Jim Mulligan, DEM Regional Supervisor
Junius Russell - Bertie County Soil and Water Conservation District
Pat Hooper - Regional Coordinator, NC DSWC
Compliance/Enforcement File

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MEMORANDUM
Robert;
August 7, 1995
10:10 am.
Charles Knowles (swine operation in Bertie County) called to discuss the NOV he
received last week. He explained that the lagoon level had been dropped approximately
1.5 feet since your visit and the swine house is no longer leaking. A honeywagon was
utilized to pump down the lagoon (2250 gallons/tank); 100 loads for a total of +200,000
gallons. He went on to explain that there are about 25 animals left at the site and when
they are sold he will be out of business. NRCS has been contacted regarding closing out
the lagoon so it can be used as a fish pond. In response to the NOV, Mr. Knowles said
DEM should receive a letter sometime this week.
Scott Z�

RECEWE❑
WASH[NG7GN QFF'cE
AUG 0 4 1995
0. E. M. 3 15

L'�) �\- Q0
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
May 17, 1993
MEMORANDUM
To: Kent Wiggins, Supervisor
Facility Assessment Unit
THROUGH:''jim Mulligan �Re� g na1 Supervisor
Washington Regional Office
THROUGH: Roger K. Thorpe, at}er�Quality Supervisor
Washington Regional Office
FROM: Scott Jones, Environmental Technician m5c
Water Quality Section, WARO
SUBJECT: Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
Charles Knowles Swine operation
Bertie County
INTRODUCTION:
The purpose of this memo is to request that the Charles
Knowles Swine operation be Designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operation. A summary of the investigation conducted
on May 5, 1993, by Scott Jones and Robert Tankard, DEM staff,
is enclosed as follows:
Date of Inspection:
May 5, 1993
Name of Property Owner:
Mr. Charles Knowles
Name of Operator:
Mr. Charles Knowles
Address:
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, NC 27583

Phone Number:
[phone]
Description of Facility Location:
The facility is located approximately 1.5 miles off NCSR 1518
approximately in Bertie County.
Type of Operation (Examples; farrow to finish, topping, dairy,
swine, cattle, chickens - layers or broilers, turkey
production, etc.):
The facility is a swine farrow to finish operation
incorporating two flush gutter houses and an ❑pen feed lot.
Number and Type ❑f Animals:
At the time of inspection, this facility housed approximately
400 animals.
Length of Time Animals Have Been, Are, or Will Be Stabled or
Confined and Fed or Maintained in any 12 Month Period:
The swine are housed for an entire twelve month year.
Are Crops, Vegetation Forage Growth, or Post -Harvest Residues
Sustained in the Normal Growing Season over Any Portion of the
Lot or Facility?
Crops are grown on acreage adjacent to the animal facility.
This particular farm encompasses approximately 160 acres.
Description of ❑ther Animal ❑perations in Immediate Vicinity
or Proximity to Same or other Surface Waters:
There is a dry litter chicken operation approximately one mile
east of the facility.
Proximity of Facility to Neighboring Houses, Wells, etc.:
The nearest home is approximately one mile from the swine
houses and is owned by Mr. Knowles.
Approximate ❑epth of Groundwater Table in the Area of the
Facility or Discharge:
Seasonal high wetness condition and/or groundwater condition
was estimated to vary between 0 and 48 inches over the entire
site.
Proximity of Facility to Surface Waters (provide name and
class of surface waters):
Facility drains int❑ unnamed tributary which flows to the
Roanoke River (Class C) in the Roanoke River Basin.

Are Pollutants Discharged into the Waters of the State? If
so, How? (directly or by man-made ditch, flushing system, ❑r
other similar man-made device):
The primary lagoon was discharging to an unnamed tributary to
the Roanoke River via an overflow in the rear dike will at the
time ❑f inspection. Additionally, broken flush gutter
equipment was allowing waste to bypass lagoon and seep to
adjacent unnamed tributary. Swine housed in the open feed lot
were allowed access to an unnamed tributary of the Roanoke
River by design of the lot fencing.
Do or Have Discharges Occurred in Response to a Storm Event of
Less Than a 25-year, 24-hour Intensity (if yes, include a
brief listing of incidents and suspected causes);
❑ischarges occur regardless of rainfall events. At the time
of inspection there was no freeboard in the aforementioned
lagoon.
Type of Waste Management (Examples: type of confinement -
free stall barns, sheltered or limited shelter dirt lots,
paved or dirt open lots, swine houses, pasture; type of waste
handling - direct spreading in solid form, slotted floors with
lagoon or pit, single ❑r multi -cell lagoon, aerated lagoon,
land application of liquid manure, spray irrigation,
contractor disposal, etc.):
Animals are housed in two flush gutter houses which utilize
recycle water to flush. The wastewater flows to a primary
lagoon. According to Mr. Knowles he has yet had to pump out
lagoon (facility approximately seven years old).
Condition of Waste Management Facility (rate as poor -good, no
discharge, sufficient freeboard in lagoon, etc. Include
weather conditions during inspection.);
Mostly cloudy with temperature around 700. Light to no winds.
The overall condition of the facility was poor. Animals in
open lot had continuous access to unnamed tributary and lagoon
had no freeboard at the time ❑f inspection. Evidence of
wastewater overflow could be seen in depressional areas
surrounding lagoon. Multiple animal carcasses were seen in
the vicinity of the facility.
Animal Waste Discharge including photos and witness' names,
addresses, telephone numbers, and statements of fact):
Please note the attached photographs for your reference.
Scott Jones and Robert Tankard, BEM staff, of the Washington
Regional Office, [phone], were present at the facility
and observed an ongoing discharge, animal access to adjacent
unnamed tributary of the Roanoke River, and improper disposal
of animal carcasses.

Water Quality Assessment (Include description of sampling,
field measurements, visual observations and slope and
vegetative cover of land adjacent to water, extent ❑f rainfall
and other factors relative to the likelihood or frequency of
discharge of animal wastes and process wastewaters):
Discharge was dark brown in color and was seeping into
adjacent unnamed tributary of the Roanoke River. Animals had
continuous access to surface waters. N❑ field measurements
were taken.
Recommendations Made to Owner/operator:
Mr. Knowles was informed that he should eliminate the
discharge and deny confined animals access to surface waters
as soon as possible. Additionally he was asked to properly
dispose of dead animals and to adequately manage and reinforce
lagoon. He was urged to contact Junius Russell of the local
SCS office for assistance in waste management and application
rates.
Recommendations for Further ❑EM Action (Re -inspect, designate,
etc.):
The Washington Regional Office recommends the Charles Knowles
swine Operation be designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding ❑peration.
other Comments:
None

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system, (Lambert conformal conic)
100G-rneter Universal Transverse Mercator grid, zone 1$
1927 North American datum
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence and field lines where
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State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E_ Director
May 25, 1993
CERTIFIE❑ MAIL
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Mr. Charles Knowles
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, North Carolina 27583
Subject: Designation of
Animal Feeding
Charles Knowles
Bertie County
CAFO 93-021
Dear Mr. Knowles:
4••
«CC
�Cr*--J F=1
Concentrated
operation
Swine operation
WASH RM
NGTO 0 fcz
MAY 2 7 1993
This letter is to notify you that the Charles Knowles Swine
Operation is hereby Designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operation in accordance with Title 15A, North Carolina
Administrative Code 2H.0123, and adopted Federal Regulations
CFR 122.23. The designation of your swine operation was based
on an inspection conducted on May 5, 1993, by the DEM staff of
the Washington Regional Office Water Quality Section. The
inspection showed that you had established a concentrated
animal feeding operation, requiring such designation based
upon the following facts:
1. A discharge of animal waste was observed to be
coming from an overflow in the lagoon wall and
broken flush gutter equipment. This waste ran
into an unnamed tributary to the Roanoke River,
which is classified as C within the Roanoke
River Basin.
2. Animals confined in an open feedlot had direct
access to surface waters which drained into the
Roanoke River.
3. This facility housed approximately 400 swine at
the time of inspection.
P.O. Sox 29535. Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Ac#ion Employer 5096 recycled i09; past concur er pcper
I

A National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit is
required for discharges of waste to the surface waters of the
state. However, if you can permanently eliminate the discharge by
implementing changes within sixty (60) days of your receipt of this
notice, including, but not limited to, modifications to lagoons and
the implementation of a final waste disposal plan, a permit
application will not be required. If compliance has been achieved,
you must notify us in writing within sixty (60) days describing, in
detail, the changes or modifications you made.
If the discharge to the surface waters of the State is not
permanently eliminated within sixty (60) days of receipt ❑f this
notice, an NPDES permit application must be submitted within that
time.
Permit applications should be submitted, in duplicate to the
Director, Division of Environmental Management, P.O. Box 29535,
Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535. Assistance, if desired, can be obtained
by contacting Mr. Roger Thorpe, Water Quality Supervisor, P.O. Box
2188, Washington, N.C. 27889, phone number (919) 946--6481. The
application should be accompanied by construction plans for the
non -discharging animal waste system.
For your information, the following items are enclosed:
I. One copy of the Federal Register -Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operations, 40 CFR 122.23.
2. Three copies of NPDES Discharge Permit application Short
Form B.
If you need financial or -technical assistance with regard to
managing animal waste, you should contact Junius Russell with the
Bertie County Soil and Water Conservation Office at (919) 794--5305.
If you wish to contest this Designation, you must request an
administrative hearing within thirty (30) days of your receipt of
this Notice. The request must be in the form of a written
petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes, and filed with the office of Administrative Hearings,
Post Office Drawer 27447, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7447. A
copy of this Petition should be filed with this office.
If you do not request an administrative hearing, the Designation
will become final in thirty (30) days.
�A

Should you have any questions regarding this matter please do not
hesitate to contact us.
Sincerely,
r
�A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
Enclosures
cc: Mr. Roger Thorpe, Regional Water Quality Supervisor
Bertie County soil and Water Conservation District
Pat Hooper - Regional Coordinator, Division of Soil and Water
Conservation
CAFD Files
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Mapped, edited, and pub#ished by the Geological Survey
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taken 1975. Fie)d checked 1975. Map edited 1979
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: North Carolina coordinate
system, (Lambert Conformal conic)
1000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid, zone 18
1927 North American datum
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence and field lines where
generally visible on aerial photographs. This information is unchecked
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MEMO S
DATE: l� S - --
SUBJECT: A 9- 6)aV-- 1jf
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From: 6��x
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North Carolina Department of Environment,
n r Health, and Natural Resources priwed onnev/cied

ANIMAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN CERTIFICATION FOR NEW OR EXPANDED FEEDLOT
Please return the completed form to the Division of Environmental Management at the address on the reverse sid:
of this form.
Name of farm ( Please Print) : -R, , s . KY1 ❑►'}LE,S 1. N
Address: 152.4- W vK:DDNV, 0 fzQ .�.?* I ti1C. Z"tgg 3 lU
Phone No.: 9l0,--[qL�. -4,l LDq
County: 7BaR i tC-
Farm location: Latitude and Longitude: 3 5° ` 5t-" ° 51` 4 " (required).
Also, please attach a copy of a county road map with location identified.
Type of operation .( swine, layer, dairy, etc.) : St]\N%_Y
Design capacity (number of animals) : Zpo So W - V:p�c_Q /r IN is H
Average size of operation (12 month population avg. ) 20C Soc�7
Average acreage needed for land application of waste (acres): 38,0
Technical Specialist Certification
As a technical specialist designated by the North Carolina soil and Water Conservat_
Commission pursuant to 15A NCAC 6F .0005, 1 certify that the new or expanded'animal was
management system as installed for the farm' named above has an animal waste managemE
plan that meets the design, construction, operation and maintenance standards 4
specifications of the Division of Environmental Management and the USDA -Soil conservat'
Service and/or the North Carolina Soil and Water Conservation Commission pursuant to :
NCAC 2H.0217 and 15A NCAC 6F .0001-.0005. The following elements and their correspond'
minimum criteria have been verified by me or other designated technical specialists
are included in the plan as applicable: minimum separations (buffers); liners
equivalent for lagoons or waste storage ponds; waste storage capacity; adequate quant_.
and amount of land for waste utilization (or use of third party); access or oweship
proper waste application equipment; schedule for timing of applications; applicat'
rates; loading rates; and the control of the discharge of pollutants from stormwa:
runoff events less serve than the 25-year, 24-hour storm.
Name of Technical specialist (Please Print):
Affiliation:_ USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service corpv
Address (Agency): PCD box 5(,6 llt]n•�c�5crif�LG Z�g$3-o5L(.
Phone No.: q(q-'1q4-53o5
Signature: Date: G`\ ZQ 0 s
owner Manager Agreement
I (we) understand the operation and maintenance procedures established in the appro-
animal waste management plan for the farm named above and will implement these procedure
I (we) know that any additional expansion to the existing design capacity of the wa:
treatment and storage system or construction of new facilities will _require a :
certification to be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management before the :
animals are stocked. I (we) also understand that there must be no discharge of ani:
waste from this system to surface waters of the state either through a man-made conveya:
or through runoff from a storm event less serve that the 25-year, 24-hour storm.
approved plan will be filed at the farm and at the office of the local soil and Wa•.
Conservation District.
ice, B, Kno+.� t.,..�- 1h �.
Name of Land. Owner (Please Print �1�7V.r,L i t�r1p.�}L3S
Signature:
Date: 9 5�
Name of Manager, if different from owner (Please Print):
RECEIVED � c
Signature: pate:
WASHINGTON OFFICE
Note: A change in land ownership requires notification or a new certification (if the approWfr�ijchanged) tc
submitted to the Division of Environmental Management within 60 days of a title transfer.
OEM USE ONLY:ACNEW#
D.MRL

*JLL Ccs�-J
Location: 1524 Woodard Road DEC 12 1995
Windsor, N.C. 27983
Telephone: [phone]
Type Operation: Farrow to Finish
Number of Animal Units: 200 sows
The waste from your animal facility must be land applied at a specified
rate to prevent pollution of surface and/or ground water. The plant
nutrients in the animal waste should be used to reduce the amount of
commercial fertilizer required for the crops on the fields where the waste
is to be applied. This waste utilization plan uses nitrogen as the
limiting nutrient. Waste should be analyzed before each application cycle.
Annual soil tests are strongly encouraged so that all plant nutrients can
be balanced for realistic yields of the crop t❑ be grown.
Several factors are important in implementing your waste utilization plan
in order to maximize the fertilizer value of the waste and to ensure that
it is applied in an environmentally safe manner. Always apply waste based
on the needs of the crop to be grown and the nutrient content of the waste.
Do not apply more nitrogen than the crop can utilize. Soil types are
important as they have different infiltration rates, leaching potentials,
cation- exchange capacities, and available water holding capacities..
Normally waste shall not be applied to land eroding at greater than 5 tons
per acre per year. With special precautions, waste may be applied to land
eroding at up to 10 tons per acre per year. Do not apply waste on
saturated soils or on land when the surface is frozen. Either of these
conditions may result in runoff to surface waters. Either of these
conditions may result in runoff to surface waters which is not allowed
under DEM regulations. Wind conditions should also be considered to avoid
drift and downwind odor problems. T❑ maximize the value of nutrients for
crop production and to reduce the potential for pollution, the waste
should be applied to a growing crop or applied to bare ground not more than
30 days prior to planting. Injecting the waste or disking will conserve
nutrients and reduce odor problems.
The estimated acres needed to apply the animal waste is based on typical
nutrient content for this type of facility. Acreage requirements should be
based on the waste analysis report from your waste management facility.
Attached you will find information on proper sampling techniques►
preparation, and transfer of waste samples to the lab for analysis.
This waste utilization plan, if carried out, meets the requirements for
compliance with 15A NCAC 2H.0217 adopted by the Environmental Management
Commission
claude/pitt/lagoons wup.dcx

.WASTE UTIL17-,�TION PLAN
Z{
Amount of Waste Produced Per Year(gallons, tans eta.
200 animals X 10 81 gal. waste/animal/year = 2,096,200 gals, waste/year.
Amount of Plant Available Nitrogen PAN Produced Per Year
200 animals X 26 lbs. PAN/animal/year = 5200 lbs. PAN/year. (PAN from
N. C. Tech. Guide Std. 633)
Applying the above amount of waste is a -big job. You should plan time and
have appropriate equipment to apply the waste in a timely manner.
The following acreage will be needed for waste application based on the
crop to be grown and surface application:
Table 1: ACRES OWNED BY PRODUCER
Tract Field Soil Crop Lbs. N Acres Lbs. N Month of
# No. Type Per Ac.* Utilized Application
.:•����
•
1
1
1'1
* This N is from animal waste only. if nutrients from other sources such
as commercial fertilizer are applied, they must be accounted for. N must
be based an realistic vied_ expectation. �k. Knowles rezords dmx s an awe of 1.5 bales of
lint cotton (75D ]hs)/a-xe. (58.2 ar— x 90 lbs N = 5238 lbs)
NOTE: The applicator is cautioned that P and K may be over applied while
meeting the N requirements. Beginning in 1996, the Costal Zone Management
Act will require farmers in some eastern counties of North Carolina to have
a nutrient management plan that addresses all nutrients. This plan only
addresses Nitrogen.
NOTE:

WASTE UTIIZATION.PLAN
Fable 2: ACRES WITH AGREEMENT OR LONG TERM LEASE
(Agreement with adjacent landowner must be attached)
(Required only if operator does not own
adequate land [see Required specification 2])
Tract Field Soil Crop Lbs. N Acres Lbs. N Month of
# Type Per Ac.* Utilized Application
*See footnote for Table 1.
Totals from above Tables
Acres Lbs. N
Utilized
Table 1 58a2
Table 2
Total
Amount of N Produced
Surplus or Deficit
NOTE: The Waste Utilization Plan must contain provisions for periodic land
application of sludge at agronomic rates. The sludge will be nutrient rich
and will require precautionary measures to prevent over application of
nutrients or other elements.
See attached map showing the fields to be used for the utilization of waste
water.

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
'E. r
Application of Waste by Irrigation
Field
No.
Soil Type
Crop
Application
Rate(In/Hr)
Application
Amount(In.)
10
Wa,Ro
Corn, Cotton
0.35
2.65
13,
Wa,Ro
Corn, Cotton
0.35
2.65
14
Wa,Ro
Corn, Cotton
0.35
2.65
18
Wa,Ro
Corn, Cotton
0.35
2.65
This table is not needed if waste is not balnq applied by Irrigadon, however a similar table will be needed for dry Utter or sludge.
Your facility is designed for 180 _days of temporary storage and the
temporary storage must be removed on the average of once every six months
In no instance should the volume of waste being stored in your structure .
exceed Elevation 48.0' .
Call the local Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly Soil
Conservation Service) or Soil and Water Conservation District office after
you receive the waste analysis report for assistance in determining the
amount per acre to apply and the proper application rate prior to applying
the waste.
Narrative of Operation:
Cotton is planted in fields 10, 13, 14 and 18 and is rotated with corn. 58.2 acres of
cotton will utilize 5238 lbs of nitrogen and the corn will utilize 8500 pounds of
nitrogen whereas only 5200 lbs of nitrogen will be produced annually. Therefore,
both crops will take care of nitrogen sprayed into these fields. Maintain grassed
waterway between fields 10 and 14 for erosion control and filtering of soil
or nutrients from fields.

-,.WASTE-:.UTILIZ,ATIO-N P.LAN -,-,
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
I. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff,
drift, manmade conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge
during operation or land application. Any discharge of waste which
reaches surface water is prohibited. Illegal discharges are subject
to the assessment of civil penalties of $10,000 per day by the
Division of Environmental Management for every day the discharge
continues.
2. The Field Office must have documentation in the design folder that the
producer either owns or has long term access to adequate land on which
to properly apply the waste. If the producer does not own adequate
land to properly dispose of waste, he shall provide NRCS with a copy of
a written agreement (sample enclosed) with a landowner who is within a
reasonable proximity, allowing him/her the use of the land for waste
application for the life expectancy of the production facility to
secure an update of the Waste Utilization Plan when there is a change
in the operation, increase in the number of animals, method of
utilization, or available land.
3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet but not exceed, the Nitrogen
needs for realistic crop yields on soil type, available moisture,
historical data, climate conditions, and level of management, unless
there are regulations that restrict the rate of application of other
nutrients.
4. Animal waste may be applied to land that has a Resource Management
System (RMS) or an Alternative Conservation System (ACS). If an ACS
is used, the soil loss shall be no greater than 10 tons per acre per
year and appropriate filter strips will be used where runoff leaves the
field. These filter strips will be in addition to "Buffers" required
by ❑EM. (See FOTG Standard 393 - Filter Strips and Standard 390
(Interim) - Riparian Forest Buffers.]
5. odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or disking after waste
application. Waste should not be applied when the wind is blowing.
G. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, it
will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When
applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland, the waste may be
broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season
prone to flooding. (See "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" in the
Technical Reference - Environment file for guidance.)
7. Liquid Waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil
infiltration rate such that runoff does not occur off site or to
surface waters and in a method which does not cause drift from the site
during application. No ponding should occur in order to control

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN;
conditions conducive to odor or flies and provide uniformity of
application.
8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall
events, or when the surface is frozen.
9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a
manner that no more than 20 to 25 percent of the leaf area is covered
by solids.
10. Waste nutrients shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring
planted crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste
nutrient loading rates on these soils should be held to a minimum and
a suitable winter cover crops planted to take up released nutrients.
Waste shall not be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the
crop on bare soil.
11. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 25 feet to surface
water. This distance may be reduced for waters that are perennial
provided adequate vegetative filter strips are present. (See Standard
393 - Filter Strips)
12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet from water
wells.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings
other than those owned by the landowner.
14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and
public right-of-ways.
15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways
or wetlands by a discharge or by overspraying. Animal waste may be
applied to prior converted wetlands provided they have been approved
as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal waste
should not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly
into water courses, and only then at agronomic rates provided the
application causes no runoff or drift from the site.
16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers,
toilets, sinks, etc., shall not be discharged into the animal waste
management system.
17. Lagoons and other uncovered waste containment structures must maintain
a maximum operating level to provide adequate storage for a 25--year,
24-hour storm event in addition to the one (1) foot mandatory
freeboard.
18. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on
all disturbed areas (lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). if
needed, special vegetation shall be provided for these areas and shall

WASTE. UTILIZATION:....PLA-,N-:.;..:,.
be fenced, as necessary, to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such
as trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc. are limited to areas
where Considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and
accessible. Lagoon berms and structures should be inspected regularly
for evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge.
19. if animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated,
the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure
plan" which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal discharge,
pollution and erosion.
20. Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be
inspected on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks, and spills,
A regular maintenance checklist should be kept on site.

WASTE-z:=UT1LiZ�ATIDN PLAN
WASTE UTILIZ TION PLAN AGREEMENT
Name of Farm: R. B. Knowles Inc
Owner/Manager Agreement
I (we) understand and will follow and implement the specification and the
operation and maintenance procedures established in the approved animal
waste utilization plan for the farm named above. I (we) know that any
expansion to the existing design capacity of the waste treatment and
storage system or construction of new facilities will require a new
certification to be -submitted to the Division of Environmental Management
(DEM) before the new animals are stocked. I (we) also understand that
there must be no discharge of animal waste from this system to surface
waters of the state from a storm event less severe than the 25-year. 24-
hour storm. The approved plan will be filed on -site at the farm office and
at the office of the local Soil and Water Conservation District and will be
available for review by DEM upon request.
Name of Facility Owner: (Please print) R . - B . Knowles Inc.
signature:
Name of Manager (If different from owner:
Signature;
Date:
Date:
Technical Representative : tPlease print) Junius B . Russell, Jr.
Affiliation:
Address (Agency):
USDA - NRCS
Post Office Box 566
Windsor, North Carolina 27983-0566
signature: _ _ �. ( Date : la- 12- -9

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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
SCS-CPA-15
(3491
SOIL MAP
Owner_f Y_1� V � ►-1C.. �_ Operatoe`BLCK�,,-r-1 l KN00_ L�—S _
County �Z`�-`Cti�r' State No -
Soil survey sheet (s) or code nos. 1 Approximate scale l = ?-COO' s
" Prepared by U. S. De artment of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service cooperating � D`
with 3 - � F- a: -- i-. L4�A Conservation District
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North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service
Agri -Waste Management
Biological and Agricultural En ineering North Carolina University
LIVESTOCK WASTE SAMPLING, ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION
OF LAND APPLICATION RATES
James C. Barker
I. SAMPLE COLLECTION
A. Semi. -Solid Lot Manure
i. Scraped directly from lot into spreader
a. From loaded spreader, collect about 2 lbs of
manure from different locations using nonmetallic
collectors.
ii. From storage
a. Collect about 2 lbs of manure from under the surface
crust avoiding bedding materials and using nonmetallic
Collectors.
B. Liquid Manure Slurry
i. Under -slotted -floor pit
a. Extend a 1/211 nonmetallic conduit open on both
ends into manure to pit floor.
b. Seal upper end of conduit te.g., by placing a
thumb over end of conduit) trapping manure that
has entered lower end, remove and empty slurry
into plastic bucket or nonmetallic container.
C. Take subsamples from 5 or more locations or at
least 1 quart.
d. Mix and add about 3/4 pint to nonmetallic sample
container.
ii. Exterior storage basin or tank
a. Make sure manure has been well mixed with a liquid
manure chopper -agitator pump or propeller agitator.
b. Take subsample from about 5 pit locations, from
agitator pump ❑r from manure spreader and place in a
plastic bucket.
*Professor and Extension Specialist, Biological and Agricultural.
Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
Attachment B

Page 2 of 3
C. Mix and add 3/4 pint to a nonmetallic sample container.
C. Lagoon Liquid
i. Collect about 3/4 pint of recycled lagoon liquid from inflow
pipe to flush tanks in a nonmetallic sample container.
ii. From Lagoon
a. Place a small bottle t1/2 pint or less) on end of
10-15' pole.
b. Extend bottle 10--15' away from bank edge.
C. Brush away floating scum or debris.
d. Submerge bottle with 1' of liquid surface.
e. Empty into a plastic bucket, repeat about 5 times
around lagoon, mix and add 3/4 pint to nonmetallic
sample container.
D. Broiler or Turkey Litter
i. House Litter
a. Visually inspect litter for areas of varying quality
e.g., areas around feeders and waterers, and estimate
percent of floor surface in each area.
b. Take about 5 litter subsamples at locations
proportionate to item a. E.g., if 2b%- of litter
of similar visual quality is around feeders and
waters, take 1 subsample there and the other 4
subsamples from remainder of floor surface.
C. At each location, collect litter from a 6" by 611
area down to earth floor and place in a plastic bucket.
d. After 5 subsamples have been added to the bucket, mix
and add about 2-3 lbs litter to a nonmetallic sample
container such as a 1-gallon freezer bag and seal.
ii. From Stockpile
a. Take subsamples from about 5 locations at least 18"
into pile.
b. Mix, add 2-3 lbs. to nonmetallic sample container and
seal.
II. SAMPLE PREPARATION AND TRANSFER
A. Place sample into an expandable container that can be sealed.
residues from container with clean water but do not use
disinfectants, soaps or treat in any other way.
Attachment B

S.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Lai
Page 3 of 3
Pack sample in ice, refrigerate, freeze or transfer to lab
quickly.
Hand -delivery is the most reliable way of sample transfer.
If mailed, protect sample container with packing material such
as newspaper, box or package with wrapping paper and tape.
Commercial sample containers and mailers are also available.
Contacts:
i. A&L Eastern Agricultural Lab, Inc.
7621 Whitepine Road
Richmond, VA 23237
Ph: [phone]
ii. Fisher Scientific Co
3315 Winton Road
Raleigh, NC 27604
iii. Poly -foam Packers
2320 S. Foster Ave.
Wheeling, IL 60090
Ph: (312) 398-01 1 ❑
iv. NASCO
901 Janesville Ave.
Ft Atkinson, WI 53538
Private analytical labs are also available, but sample analysis
costly.
The NCDA provides this service for North Carolina residents.
i. Address: North Carolina Department of Agriculture
Agronomic Division
Plant/Waste/Solution Advisory Section
4300 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, NC 27607-6465
Ph: [phone]
Attn: Ray Campbell
ii. Forward $4.00 along with the sample.
iii. Include the following identification information with
sample:
a. Livestock species (dairy, swine, turkey, etc.)
b. Livestock usage (swine -nursery, finishing; turkey
breaders, brooderhouse, grower, number flocks grown
on litter; etc.)
C. Waste type (dairy -lot scraped manure, liquid slurry;
swine -pit slurry, lagoon liquid, sludge; broiler -
house litter, stockpile)
iv. Routine analysis performed on all samples: N, P, R, Ca,
Mg, Na, S, Fe,
Mn, Zn, Cu, S
v. Additional analysis performed upon request: DM, Mo, Cd,
Ni, Pb

Division of Environmental Management
❑ctober 28, 1993
MEMORANDUM
To: CAF❑ File
Washington Reg' nal Office
FROM: Scott Jones
Environmenta echnician, WARD
SUBJECT: Compliance Inspection
Charles Knowles Swine Operation
Bertie County
On ❑ctober 26, 1993, Scott Jones and Robert Tankard, DEM Staff of
the Washington Regional office, visited the Charles Knowles Swine
Operation. The purpose of this visit was to determine whether or
not the aforementioned facility was in compliance with its CAFO
Designation effective May 25, 1993.
As a result of this inspection it has been found that the Charles
Knowles Operation was in compliance at the time of inspection.
Mr. Knowles has rerouted the electric fencing in his open lot to
eliminate any animal access to surface waters. The lagoon at his
flush gutter houses was showing little freeboard at the time of
inspection. Plans t❑ reinforce and clean out the lagoon are
presently being worked up at the local SCS office. These plans
will include application rates and methods on adjacent farm land.
Mr. Knowles has cleaned out wasting lines from the houses to the
lagoon to avoid further backups and discharges from the houses.
msj/REVISIT/KNOWLES
931028

'5
- State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes. Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr.. P.E., Director
May 25, 1993
CERTIFIED MAIL
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Mr. Charles Knowles
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, North Carolina 27583
subject: Designation of
Animal Feeding
Charles Knowles
Bertie_ County
CAFO 93-021
Dear Mr. Knowles:
AJ&V.E;WA
74'0�
_*A�j
�EHNR
Concentrated
operation
Swine operation
wRsy h oN OFFICE
NU 2 71"3
This letter is to notify you that the Charles Knowles Swine
operation is hereby Designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operation in accordance with Title 15A, North Carolina
Administrative Code 2H.0123, and adopted Federal Regulations
CFR 122.23. The designation of your swine operation was based
on an inspection conducted on May 5, 1993, by the DEM staff of
the Washington Regional office Water Quality Section. The
inspection showed that you had established a concentrated
animal feeding operation, requiring such designation based
upon the following facts:
I. A discharge of animal waste was observed to be
coming from an overflow in the lagoon wall and
broken flush gutter equipment. This waste ran
into an unnamed tributary to the Roanoke River,
which is classified as C within the Roanoke
River Basin.
2. Animals confined in an open feedlot had direct
access to surface waters which drained into the
Roanoke River.
3. This facility housed approximately 404 swine at
the time of inspection.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh. North Corarho 27626.0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer W%recycled/ 1096 post -consumer paper

A National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit is
required for discharges of waste to the surface waters of the
state. However, if you can permanently eliminate the discharge by
implementing changes within sixty (60) days of your receipt of this
notice, including, but not limited to, modifications to lagoons and
the implementation of a final waste disposal plan, a permit
application will not be required. If compliance has been achieved,
you must notify us in writing within sixty (60) days describing, in
detail, the changes or modifications you made.
If the discharge to the surface waters of the State is not
permanently eliminated within sixty (60) days of receipt of this
notice, an NPDES permit application must be submitted within that
time.
Permit applications should be submitted, in duplicate to the
Director, Division of Environmental Management, P.O. Box 29535,
Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535. Assistance, if desired, can be obtained
by contacting Mr. Roger Thorpe, Water Quality Supervisor, P.O. Box
2168, Washington, N.C. 27889, phone number [phone]. The
application should be accompanied by construction plans for the
non -discharging animal waste system.
For your information, the following items are enclosed:
1. one copy of the Federal Register -Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operations, 40 CFR 122.23.
2. Three copies of NPDES Discharge Permit application Short
Form B.
If you need financial or _technical assistance with regard to
managing animal waste, you should contact Junius Russell with the
Bertie County Soil and Water Conservation Office at [phone].
If you wish to contest this Designation, you must request an
administrative hearing within thirty (30) days of your receipt of
this Notice. The request must be in the form of a written
petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings,
Post Office Drawer 27447, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7447. A
copy of this Petition should be filed with this office.
If you do not request an administrative hearing, the Designation
will become final in thirty (30) days.
K

Should you have any questions regarding this matter please do not
hesitate to contact us.
Sincerely,
Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
Enclosures
cc: 3Mr=arpe,—Regional:;.wate r-Quafity Supervisor
Bertie County Soil and water Conservation District
Pat Hooper - Regional Coordinator, Division of Soil and water
conservation
CAFO Files
3

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I000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid, zone I
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Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence and field lines where
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DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
May 17, 1993
MEMORANDUM
TO: Kent Wiggins, Supervisor
Facility Assessment Unit
THROUGH:'�-Jim Mulligan, Regional Supervisor
Washington Regional Office
THROUGH: Roger K. Thorpe, ater�Quality Supervisor
Washington Regional Office
FROM: Scott Jones, Environmental Technician m5c
Water Quality Section, WARO
SUBJECT: Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
Charles Knowles Swine operation
aertie County
INTRODUCTION:
The purpose of this memo is to request that the Charles
Knowles Swine Operation be Designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operation. A summary of the investigation conducted
on May 5, 1993, by Scott Jones and Robert Tankard, DEM staff,
is enclosed as follows:
Date of Inspection:
May 5, 1993
Name of Property owner:
Mr. Charles Knowles
Name of operator:
Mr. Charles Knowles
Address:
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, NC 27583

Phone Number:
[phone]
Description of Facility Location:
The facility is located approximately 1.5 miles off NCSR 1518
approximately in Bertie County.
Type of operation (Examples; farrow to finish, topping, dairy,
swine, cattle, chickens -- layers or broilers, turkey
production, etc.):
The facility is a swine farrow to finish operation
incorporating two flush gutter houses and an open feed lot.
Number and Type of Animals:
At the time of inspection, this facility housed approximately
400 animals.
Length of Time Animals Have Been, Are, or Will Be stabled or
Confined and Fed or Maintained in any 12 Month Period:
The swine are housed for an entire twelve month year.
Are Crops, Vegetation Forage Growth, or Post -Harvest Residues
Sustained in the Normal Growing season over Any Portion of the
Lot or Facility?
Crops are grown on acreage adjacent to the animal facility.
This particular farm encompasses approximately 160 acres.
Description of Other Animal operations in Immediate Vicinity
or Proximity to Same or other surface Waters:
There is a dry litter chicken operation approximately one mile
east of the facility.
Proximity of Facility to Neighboring Houses, Wells, etc.:
The nearest home is approximately one mile from the swine
houses and is owned by Mr. Knowles.
Approximate Depth of Groundwater Table in the Area of the
Facility or Discharge:
Seasonal high wetness condition and/or groundwater condition
was estimated to vary between 0 and 48 inches over the entire
site.
Proximity of Facility to Surface Waters (provide name and
class of surface waters):
Facility drains into unnamed tributary which flows to the
Roanoke River (Class C) in the Roanoke River Basin.

Are Pollutants Discharged into the Waters of the State? If
so■ How? (directly or by man-made ditch, flushing system, or
other similar man-made device):
The primary lagoon was discharging t❑ an unnamed tributary to
the Roanoke River via an overflow in the rear dike wall at the
time of inspection. Additionally, broken flush gutter
equipment was allowing waste to bypass lagoon and seep t❑
adjacent unnamed tributary. Swine housed in the open feed lot
were allowed access t❑ an unnamed tributary of the Roanoke
River by design of the lot fencing.
Do or Have Discharges occurred in Response to a Storm Event of
Less Than a 25-year, 24-hour Intensity (if yes, include a
brief listing of incidents and suspected causes):
Discharges occur regardless of rainfall events. At the time
of inspection there was no freeboard in the aforementioned
lagoon.
Type of Waste Management (Examples: type of confinement -
free stall barns, sheltered or limited shelter dirt lots,
paved or dirt open lots, swine houses, pasture; type of waste
handling - direct spreading in solid form, slotted floors with
lagoon or pit, single or multi -cell lagoon, aerated lagoon,
land application of liquid manure■ spray irrigation,
contractor disposal,•etc.):
Animals are housed in two flush gutter houses which utilize
recycle water t❑ flush. The wastewater flows to a primary
lagoon. According to Mr. Knowles he has yet had to pump out
lagoon (facility approximately seven years old).
Condition of waste Management Facility (rate as poor -good, no
discharge, sufficient freeboard in lagoon, etc. Include
weather conditions during inspection.):
Mostly cloudy with temperature around 700. Light to no winds.
The ❑verall condition of the facility was poor. Animals in
open lot had continuous access to unnamed tributary and lagoon
had no freeboard at the time of inspection. Evidence of
wastewater overflow could be seen in depressional areas
surrounding lagoon. Multiple animal carcasses were seen in
the vicinity of the facility.
Animal Waste Discharge including photos and witness' names,
addresses■ telephone numbers, and statements of fact):
Please note the attached photographs for your reference.
Scott ,zones and Robert Tankard. DEM staff, ❑f the Washington
Regional Office, (919) 94676481, were present at the facility
and observed an ❑ngoing discharge, animal access to adjacent
unnamed tributary of the Roanoke River, and improper disposal
of animal carcasses.

Water Quality Assessment (Include description of sampling,
field measurements, visual observations and slope abd
vegetative cover of land adjacent to water, extent of rainfall
and other factors relative to the likelihood or frequency of
discharge of animal wastes and process wastewaters):
Discharge was dark brown in color and was seeping into
adjacent unnamed tributary of the Roanoke River. Animals had
continuous access to surface waters. No field measurements
were taken.
Recommendations Made to Owner/operator:
Mr. Knowles was informed that he should eliminate the
discharge and deny confined animals access to surface waters
as soon as possible. Additionally he was asked to properly
dispose ❑f dead animals and t❑ adequately manage and reinforce
lagoon. He was urged to contact Junius Russell of the local
SCS office for assistance in waste management and application
rates.
Recommendations for Further DEM Action (Re -inspect, designate,
etc.).
The Washington Regional ❑ffice recommends the Charles Knowles
Swine operation be designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding operation.
other Comments:
None

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Control by USGS and NOSINCIAA
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taken 1975. Field checked 1975. Map edited 1979
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: North Carolina coordinate
system, (Lambert conformal conic)
1000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid, zone 18
1927 North American datum
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence and field lines where
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State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
,lames B, Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes. Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., RE., Director
CERTIFIED MAIL
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Mr. Charles Knowles
144 Knowles Lane
Windsor, North Carolina 27583
Subject: Designation of
Animal Feeding
Charles Knowles
Bertie County
Dear Mr. Knowles:
Concentrated
operation
Swine. operation
This letter is to notify you that the Charles Knowles Swine
Operation is hereby Designated as a Concentrated Animal
Feeding operation in accordance with Title 15A, North Carolina
Administrative Code 2H.0123, and adopted Federal Regulations
CFR 122.23. The designation of your swine operation was based
an an inspection conducted on May 5, 1993, by the DEM staff of
the Washington Regional office Water Quality Section. The
inspection showed that you had established a concentrated
animal feeding operation, requiring such designation based
upon the following facts:
1. A discharge of animal waste was observed to be
coming from an overflow in the lagoon wall and
broken flush gutter equipment. This waste ran
into an unnamed tributary to the Roanoke River,
which is classified as C within the Roanoke
River Basin.
2. Animals confined in an open feedlot had direct
access to surface waters which drained into the
Roanoke River.
3. This facility housed approximately 400 swine at
the time of inspection.
P.O. Box 29535, Pcieigh. North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ l D% pest -consumer paper

A National Pollutant ❑ischarge Elimination System (NPDES) permit is
required for discharges of waste t❑ the surface waters of the
state. However, if you can permanently eliminate the discharge by
implementing changes within sixty (60) days of your receipt of this
notice, including, but not limited to, modifications to lagoons and
the implementation of a final waste disposal plan, a permit
application will not be required. If compliance has been achieved,
you must notify us in_writinq within sixty (60) days describing, in
detail, the changes or modifications you made.
If the discharge to the surface waters of the State is not
permanently eliminated within sixty (60) days of receipt of this
notice, an NPDES permit application must be submitted within that
time.
Permit applications should be submitted, in duplicate to the
Director, Division ❑f Environmental Management, P.O. Box 29535,
Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535. Assistance, if desired, can be obtained
by contacting Mr. Roger Thorpe, Water Quality Supervisor, P.O. Box
2188, Washington, N.C. 27889, phone number [phone]. The
application should be accompanied by construction plans for the
non -discharging animal waste system.
For your information, the following items are enclosed:
1. One copy of the Federal Register -Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operations, 40 CFR 122.23.
2. Three copies of NPDES Discharge Permit application Short
Form B.
If you need financial or technical assistance with regard to
managing animal waste, you should contact Junius Russell with the
Bertie County Soil and Water Conservation Office at (919) 794--5305.
If you wish to contest this ❑esignation, you must request an
administrative hearing within thirty (30) days of your receipt of
this Notice. The request must be in the form of a written
petition, conforming t❑ Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes, and filed with the office of Administrative Hearings,
Post Office Drawer 27447, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7447. A
copy of this Petition should be filed with this office.
If you do not request an administrative hearing, the Designation
will become final in thirty (30) days.
2

Should you have any questions regarding this matter please do not
hesitate to contact us.
sincerely,
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
Enclosures
cc: Mr. Roger Thorpe, Regional Water Quality supervisor
eertie County Soil and Water Conservation District
Pat Hooper - Regional Coordinator, Division of Soil and Water
Conservation
CAFD Files
3

i
Animal Operations Inspection Farm
Date of Inspection:
5, {aGL3
Name of Owner of Property:(Check Register of Deeds or Tax
Office)
Name of Operator:
Address: �
1L4y �1 �
-lst�l r\XY-,r7f 2- r,:�,e_,.- _ Z % IDS
Phone Number: 1�Pf '7'fu ;;z7.7
Description of Facility Location (State Road No.'s, etc.):
Type of Operation (Examples: farrow to finish, topping,
dairy, swine, cattle, chickens -layers or broilers, turkey
production, etc.):
Number and Type of Animals or Animal Units:
Length of Time Animals Have Been, Are, or Will Be Stabled, or
Confined and Fed or Maintained in Any 12 Month Period.
Are Crops, Vegetation Forage Growth, or Post -Harvest Residues
Sustained in the Normal Growing Season Over Any Portion of
the Lot or Facility?
LW

.
Description of Other Animal Operations in Immediate Vicinity
and Proximity to Same or Other Surface waters;
Proximity of Facility to Neighboring Houses, Wells, etc.:
%j.? c Q a I]Grti7GL N IX� rL2E�
Approximate Depth of Groundwater Table in the Area of the
Facility or Discharge:
Proximity of Facility to Surface Waters (provide name and
class of surface waters):
Are Pollutants Discharged into the Waters of the State?
so, How? (directly or by man-made ditch, flushing system,
other similar man-made device):
If
or
— OL4
(__� 8.0C-3r 'Y_4r_ ! AAJU r&`s .
Do or Have Discharges Occurred in Response to a Storm Event
of Less Than a 25-year, 24-hour Intensity? (If yes, include
a brief listing of incidents and suspected causes.);
{ {62FCDrl �/7Z7—
Type of Waste Management (Examples: type of confinement -free
stall barns, sheltered or limited shelter dirt lots, paved or
dirt open lots, swine houses, pasture; type of waste
handling -direct spreading in solid form, slotted floor with
lagoon or pit, single or multi -cell lagoon, aerated lagoon,
land application of liquid manure, spray irrigation, -
contractor disposal, etc.)

O� T - WO
Condition of Waste Management Facility Irate as poor -good, no
discharge, sufficient freeboard in lagoon, etc. Include
weather conditions during inspection.)
4-� l-Not� I-��'�1•l _ �C]t7� �r-
�
Animal Waste discharge (including photos and witness} names,
addresses, telephones numbers and statements of fact).
4 � r�ttilrNly'rr_j I t-�1�r�-�7_..c_+.� Dash
` mil m1°r_6 D rpLffc_T Tt �
Water Quality Assessment: (Include description of sampling,
field measurements, visual observations and slope and
vegetative cover of land adjacent to water, extent of
rainfall and other factors relative to the likelihood or
frequency of discharge of animal wastes and process
wastewaters)
M (
�:ve pp J /zr TH f s T i mr
Imo' �-0e'i•-r)7OtO CO —I

16
Recommendations Made to Owner/Operator:
Recommendations for Further ❑EM Action: (Re —inspect,
designate, etc.)_�Y�
Other Comments: --UPW - ?? 08:,

CITIZEN RESPONSE SHEEN'
-,
Report received by S. -�n(�E
Date sq q
Time 10 : 00 �-
1. Reporting Source
a. Name L�3MaY
b. Address Z%C60i I�, c• ��iC,� -- �t�y _JlLzu �-e
c . County L. S n Phone
2. Mature of Complaint
� a
a. Description ` �1�t� ��-�,c`� �3 fa "iG'r1 Cq- i1QLk/1 f ALV C[,+'�CSLZL
b. Location kr1cx (66 Fox ' e>X l•
r.. Dame of Contacto\j i-v, -k
Address
Phone
3. Comments t'�G;.a 6QS"L i;,
4. Investigated by
Reporting Source ?notified
Observations/Comments
Date
Yes No Date

t;
PUBLIC COMPLAINTIRESPONSE FORM
Report Received by:
{
Date & Time: CASo40-1
Reporting Source Information
■ Name: Q--3 ` 'caA fir. {V+
■ Address & County: Co
■ Phone:
Nature of Complaint
■ Description: "t) . i �k.�r � +_ o� �� u� —?;,aA-bl Cam_ oc3ip
■ Location: iso C) -L � 30„ ►zz J (,;D tz�,I C,-
/0
■ Contact Name:'
■ Contact Address: i `5� �� • L,� C� ---60i 3
■ Contact Phone: 651ioO -7q�,4k-p-1
Comments:
Investigator:
Date:
Reporting Source Notified: Yes ❑. No ❑ Date:
Observations/Comments:
P� 0 ..... rw�F—

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