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BRUSHY FORK STREAM
RESTORATION PLAN
Forsyth County, North Carolina
SCO Project Number 010549501
Revised Due to Planform Change
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January 24, 2007
Prepared for:
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Ecosystem Enhancement Program
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1652

BRUSHY FORK STREAM
RESTORATION PLAN
Forsyth County, North Carolina
Revised Due to Planform Change
Prepared by:
URS Corporation -North Carolina
1600 Perimeter Park Drive
Suite 400
Morrisville, NC 27560
[phone]
Fax [phone]
Project Manager:
Kathleen M. McKeithan, PE, CPESC, CPSWQ
[phone]
Kathleen [e-mail]
January 24, 2007

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) plans to restore a portion of Brushy Fork in
Winston-Salem, North Carolina. The City of Winston-Salem and Forsyth County are cooperating with
EEP to restore the stream. Brushy Fork is located within the Upper Yadkin River drainage basin (US
Geological Survey (USGS) 14-digit Hydrologic Unit Code 03040101170060 and NC Division of Water
Quality (DWQ) Subbasin 03-07-04). The stream is considered Class C waters (Index No. 12-94-12-6) by
the DWQ.
The site is located in the Piedmont hydro-physiographic province of North Carolina, within the city limits
of Winston-Salem in Forsyth County. It lies in the Southern Outer Piedmont Level N Ecoregion of
North Carolina (Griffith et al. 2002). The project reach runs adjacent to a portion of the City's greenway
system and has been significantly impacted by historic channel modifications, removal of the riparian
vegetation, and urban development within the watershed. The stream restoration is constrained by an
overhead electric transmission line, a subsurface sanitary sewer main, and the adjacent greenway. The
project reach is found on the Walkertown and Winston-Salem East USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle maps
(Figure 1).
EEP has the following goals and objectives for the Brushy Fork Stream Restoration:
• To restore 1,955 linear feet to a B4c Rosgen Stream Classification and restore 4,696 linear feet to
an ES stream channel;
• To establish a larger floodplain at the existing elevation of the stream to provide additional
storage and conveyance of floodwaters;
• To eliminate the excessive sediment contribution to the system by the mass wasting and erosion
of the stream banks along the project reach; and
• To repair and restore the riparian corridor along Brushy Fork in order to improve habitat and
protect the stream from further erosion.

Brushy Fork StreamRestoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...........................................................................................................................ii
1.0 SITE LOCATION ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Directions to the Site ..................................:.............................................................................. l
1.2 USGS Hydrologic Unit Code and NCDWQ River Basin Designation ..................................... 1
2.0 WATERSHED CHARACTERIZATION ....................................................................................... 2
2.1 Drainage Area ............................................................................................................................ 2
2.1.1 Reach 1 ......................................................................................................................... 2
2.1.2 Reach 2 ......................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Channel Classification ............................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Soils of the Watershed .............................................................................................................. 2
2.4 ,Historical Land Use and Development Trends ......................................................................... 3
2.4.1 Existing Conditions ...................................................................................................... 3
2.4.1.1 Reach 1 ......................................................................................................... 3
2.4.1.2 Reach 2 ......................................................................................................... 3
2.4.2 Development Trends .................................................................................................... 3
2.5 Threatened and Endangered Species ......................................................................................... 4
2.6 Potential Constraints .................................................................................................................. 5
2.6.1 Property Boundary ....................................................................................................... 5
2.6.2 Site Access ..........................................................................................................:........ 5
2.6.3 Utilities ......................................................................................................................... 5
2.6.4 FEMA/Hydraulic Trespass ........................................................................................... 5
2.6.5 Wetlands ....................................................................................................................... 6
2.6.6 Archaeology ................................................................................................................. 6
3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................. 7
3.1 Description ................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.1 Reach 1 ......................................................................................................................... 7
3.1.2 Reach 2 ........................................................................................................................ . 7
3.2 Soils of the Project Reach ........................................................................................................ . 8
3.3 Existing Plant C ommunities and Wildlife Observations ........................................................... 8
3.4 Stream Classification ................................................................................................................. 9
3.4.1 Reach 1 ......................................................................................................................... 9
3.4.1.1 Dimension .................................................................................................... 9
3.4.1.2 Pattern ......................................................................................................... 10
3.4.1.3 Profile ......................................................................................................... 10
3.4.1.4 Channel Substrate Material ........................................................................ 10
3.4.2 Reach 2 ....................................................................................................................... 10
3.4.2.1 Dimension .................................................................................................. 10
3.4.2.2 Pattern ......................................................................................................... 10
3.4.2.3 Profile ......................................................................................................... 10
3.4.2.4 Channel Substrate Material ........................................................................ 11
ii

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
4.0 Stream Reference Reach Studies ...................................................................................................12
4.1 Silas Creek, Winston-Salem, NC ............................................................................................ 12
4.1.1 Stream Classification ................................................................................................. 12
4.1.2 Soils of the Reference Reach .................................................................................... 12
4.1.3 Vegetation ................................................................................................................. 12
4.2 Unnamed Tributary to Belew's Creek, Kernersville, NC ....................................................... 13
4.2.1 Stream Classification ................................................................................................. 13
4.2.2 Soils of the Reference Reach .................................................................................... 13
4.2.3 Vegetation ................................................................................................................. 13
4.3 Unnamed Tributary to Richland Creek at Lake Jeannette, Greensboro, NC .......................... 13
4.3.1 Stream Classification ................................................................................................. 14
4.3.2 Soils of the Reference Reach .................................................................................... 14
4.3.3 Vegetation ................................................................................................................. 14
5.0 RESTORATION PLAN .................................................................................................................15
5.1 Reach 1 Stream Classification .................................................................................................. 15
5.1.1 Dimension ................................................................................................................... 15
5.1.2 Pattern ......................................................................................................................... 15
5.1.3 Profile .......................................................................................................................... 15
5.1.4 Sediment Transport Analysis ...................................................................................... 16
5.2 Reach 2 Stream Classification .................................................................................................. 16
5.2.1 Dimension ................................................................................................................... 16
5.2.2 Pattern ......................................................................................................................... 17
5.2.3 Profile .......................................................................................................................... 17
5.2.4 Sediment Transport Analysis ...................................................................................... 17
5.3 HEC Analysis ........................................................................................................................... 17
5.3.1 No-Rise, LOMR, CLOMR .......................................................................................... 17
5.3.2 Hydrologic Tresspass ................................................................................................... 17
5.4 Proposed Vegetative Communities .......................................................................................... 18
6.0 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA ...................................................................................................20
6.1 Stream Geometry .................................................................................................................... 20
6.2 Vegetation ...............................................................................................................................20
6.3 Monitoring Schedule and Methods ......................................................................................... 20
6.4 Schedule and Reporting .......................................................................................................... 21
7.0 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................22
8.0 TABLES
Table 1. Reach 1 Watershed Land Use Characteristics
Table 2. Reach 2 Watershed Land Use Characteristics
Table 3. Federal and State Protected Plant and Animal
Species Potentially Occurring in the Project Area
Table 4. Morphological Characteristics of the Existing and
Proposed Channel and Reference Reaches
Table 5. Permanent Seed Mix
Table 6. Live Stakes
Table 7. Riparian Shrubs
Table 8. Trees
Table 9. Slope Shrubs
iii

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
9.0 FIGURES
Figure 1. Site Location Map
Figure 2. Reaches 1 and 2 -Brushy Fork
Figure 3. Reach 1 -Watershed Area
Figure 4. Reach 2 -Watershed Area
Figure 5. Watershed Soils
Figure 6. Reach 1 -Land Use within the Watershed
Figure 7. Reach 2 -Land Use within the Watershed
Figure 8. Reach 1 Existing Conditions
Figure 9. Reach 2 Existing Conditions
Figure L0. Reach 1 Soils
Figure 11. Reach 2 Soils
Figure 12. Reach 1 Existing Plant Communities
Figure 13. Reach 2 Existing Plant Communities
Figure 14. Reach 1 Proposed Stream Channel
Figure 15. Reach 1 Proposed Cross Section
Figure 16. Reach 2 Proposed Stream Channel
Figure 17. Reach 2 Proposed Cross Section
Figure 18. Reach 1 Planting Plan
Figure 19. Reach 2 Planting Plan
10.0 APPENDICES
Appendix A. Project Site Photographs
Appendix B. Existing Conditions Data
Appendix C. Reference -Reach Data
Appendix D. Vane Detail
iv

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
1.0 SITE LOCATION
The site has been broken into two reaches, with the confluence of Frazier Creek providing the break
point. The site is located between Bowen Boulevard and Old Greensboro Road in Winston-Salem.
Generally, Brushy Fork flows from north to south. Reach 1 begins at the Bowen Boulevard crossing of
Brushy Fork and continues for approximately 1,955 feet to New Walkertown Road (US 311). The stream
then continues for approximately 990 feet from New Walkertown Road to the confluence with Frazier
Creek (Figure 2). Reach 2 begins at the confluence of Frazier Creek and Brushy Fork and continues for
approximately 4,696 feet to the Old Greensboro Road Crossing. Three unnamed tributaries feed into
Reach 2 (Figure 2).
1.1 Directions to the Site
The site is located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. From I-40 W, take exit 131 toward US-
70/Greensboro/Winston-Salem. From US-70, take exit 36A toward Winston-Salem. Next, take exit 206
toward US-421 N. From US-421 N, take exit 7, Fifth Street, merge onto East Fifth Street, turn right onto
North Cameron Avenue, then turn right onto New Walkerton Road (US 311). Next, turn left onto
Dellabrook Road, take a sharp right onto Attucks Street, and then a right onto Bowen Boulevard.
1.2 USGS Hydrologic Unit Code and NCDWQ River Basin Designation
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) uses amulti-tiered system to divide and subdivide the
country's watersheds into successively smaller hydrologic units. Each hydrologic unit is identified by a
unique hydrologic unit code (HUC), consisting of various numbers of digits depending on the level of
classification within the hydrologic unit system. The site is located in the Upper Yadkin River Basin, 8-
digit HUC 03040401.
The 8-digit units are further subdivided into 14-digit hydrologic units that are used for smaller scale
planning. The site is located in the 14-digit HUC 03040101170060.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ) uses atwo-tiered system to divide the state into
watershed units. The state is divided into seventeen river basins. Each basin is further subdivided into
subbasins (DWQ 6-digit subbasins). The site lies within Yadkin River subbasin 03-07-04.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
2.0 WATERSHED CHARACTERIZATION
2.1 Drainage Area
2.1.1 Reach 1
The drainage area for Reach 1 is approximately 3.7 square miles (2,340 acres) and is bound on the north
by a ridge north of Old Walkertown Road (Figure 3). The eastern border follows Carver School Road to
New Walkertown Road. The ridgeline then runs east of New Walkertown Road through the Spaulding
Drive development and continues south to the confluence of Brushy Fork and Frazier Creek. The western
edge of the watershed runs from the confluence of Brushy Fork and Frazier Creek through Winston-
Salem along 16`h Street. It then follows the railroad and Indiana Avenue to Akron Drive. The boundary
then continues east to Old Walkertown Road.
2.1.2 Reach 2
The drainage area for Reach 2 is approximately 11.8 square miles (7,545 acres) and includes the
watershed of Reach 1 and the watershed of Frazier Creek (Figure 4). The northeastern corner of the
watershed area is at the intersection of Old Walkertown and Williston Roads. From this point, the
watershed boundary follows Williston Road as it curves south to Old Bellews .Creek Road, and then
roughly follows along Old Bellews Creek Road until the intersection with Benore Street. From here, the
ridge continues south to the intersection of Gaither and Hubbard Roads and runs southwest roughly
paralleling Old Greensboro Road to the intersection with Brushy Fork. From this southern end, the basin
boundary follows a ridge northward through Skyland Park to 16`" Street. Finally, the boundary extends
from the railroad and Indiana Avenue to Akron Drive at which point the ridge turns east, up Old
Walkertown Road.
2.2 Channel Classification
The project reach is considered a Class C water (Index No. 12-94-12-6) by DWQ. The site is located in
the Piedmont hydro-physiographic province of North Carolina inside the city limits of Winston-Salem in
Forsyth County. The site lies in the Southern Outer Piedmont Level IV Ecoregion of North Carolina
(Griffith et al. 2002). The project reach runs adjacent to a portion of the City's greenway system and has
been significantly impacted by historic channel modifications, removal of riparian vegetation, and urban
development within the watershed.
2.3 Soils of the Watershed
According to the Soil Survey of Forsyth County, North Carolina (USDA 1976), the Pacolet-Cecil
association is the dominant association within the watershed. The Pacolet-Cecil association consists of
well-drained, brownish loamy soils that have reddish clayey subsoil within the uplands (Figure 5). The
major soil types include:
Appling (Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults) - (3.8 percent of the watershed) Appling is a
sandy loam. It is awell-drained, gently sloping to sloping soil of the uplands. The soils formed in
residuum weathered from granite, gneiss, and other acidic rocks.
Cecil (Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults) - (6.8 percent of the watershed) The soil
consists of sandy or clay loamy. The series has well-drained, gently sloping to strongly sloping soils
of the uplands. They formed in residuum that weathered from granite, gneiss, and other acidic rocks.
Chewacla (Fine-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts) - (6.1 percent of the
watershed) The series consists of nearly level, somewhat poorly drained soils of the stream flood
plains and formed in recent alluvium. This soil is classified as a hydric soil.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
• Cut-n-fill - (6.3 percent of the watershed) Cut-n-fill classifies areas that have been altered by man so
that the original soil profile and topography are not recognizable. Typically these soils are sandy clay
loam to clay.
• Hiwassee (Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Rhodudults) - (1.7 percent of the watershed) The soils are
well-drained on gently sloping to moderately steep uplands. They formed in residuum that weathered
from gneiss, schist, and other mixed acidic and basic rocks, or formed in old alluvium.
• Madison (Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults) - (9.3 percent of the watershed) Madison
soils consist of fine sandy foams to clay foams. They are well-drained and found on gently sloping to
steep soils on the uplands. The soils formed in residuum that weathered from mica schist and mica
gneiss.
• Pacolet (Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults) - (60.2 percent of the watershed) These are
fine sandy foams to clay foams. They are well-drained, gently sloping to steep soils of the uplands.
They formed in residuum from weathered granite, mica gneiss, schist, and other acidic rocks.
• Wilkes (Loamy, mixed, active, thermic, shallow Typic Hapludalfs) - is 3.5 percent of the watershed.
The series consists of shallow, well drained soils with moderately slow permeability. They. formed in
residuum weathered from mixed acidic and basic rocks on sloping to steep uplands.
The remaining 2.4 percent of the watershed consists of the following soil types: Altavista, Enon, Gullied
Land Louisburg; Tallapoosa, Vance, Water, Wedowee, Wehadkee, and Wickham.
2.4 Historical Land Use and Development Trends
2.4.1 Existing Conditions
2.4.1.1 Reach 1
According to data developed by HDR for the Brushy Fork Watershed Master Plan (1998), shown in Table
1, the majority of the watershed of Reach 1 consists of light density, single-family residential, and general
service areas occupying almost equal proportions of the watershed with 26.2 percent (613 acres) and 26.8
percent (627 acres), respectively (Figure 6 and Table 1). The General Services category of land use
includes the Smith Reynolds Airport, which occupies the central section of the watershed. Single-family,
residential areas occupy the majority of land to the east and south of the airport property. To the west of
the airport property the land use is a mixture of manufacturing, retail and wholesale, roadways, and
residential areas. In the southeastern corner of the watershed, the land use appears to be predominantly
undeveloped with a mixture of residential and retail/wholesale areas (HDR 1998).
2.4.1.2 Reach 2
According to the data developed by HDR, light density, single family residential areas comprise the
majority of the current land use within the watershed of Reach 2 at 36.2 percent (2,718 acres) (Figure 7
and Table 2). The majority of this land use type occurs in the northeast and southwest quarters of the
watershed. The northwest quarter is mainly occupied by the Smith Reynolds Airport. The airport falls in
the land use category of General Services and land use of this type comprises approximately 9.9 percent
(745 acres) of the area. Winston Lake Golf Course and Winston Lake are located in the central portion of
the watershed and are included in the Undeveloped designation. Undeveloped land is the second largest
land use classification in the watershed occupying approximately 28.1 percent (2,115 acres) of the
watershed (HDR 1998).
2.4.2 Development Trends
Future land use predictions for the watersheds of Reach 1 and Reach 2 are given in Tables 1 and 2,
respectively. The predictions indicate that there will be a slight increase in the amount of land in use for
general services and retail or wholesale purposes through 2020. These changes will result in a slight

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
population decrease as the land devoted to residential housing converts to general services and retail or
wholesale. According to the Brushy Fork Watershed Master Plan (HDR 1998), the impervious area of the
watershed is 17.8 percent increasing to 18.1 percent by 2020. This increase in impervious area causes
less than a 1 percent increase in the 10-year runoff event for the watershed and is not considered
significant (HDR 1998).
2.5 Threatened and Endangered Species
The site is located in Forsyth County on the Winston-Salem East USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle map. The
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and North Carolina Natural Heritage Program
(NCNHP) databases were searched for known endangered or threatened species on October 16, 2006
(Table 3).
The search yielded one federally listed species within the quadrangle boundaries and three federally listed
species in the county. Besides those three, the state lists four other species as state endangered or
threatened. The USFWS also lists a mussel species found in the county that is state listed as endangered;
however, that species is not listed in the NCNHP database.
There is potential for bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii) to be found within the particular quadrangle
boundaries; however, no known occurrences of the species in the project area at this time. The bog turtle
is federally-listed as threatened and state-listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance (T(S/A)).
Bog turtle habitat includes bogs, wet pastures, and wet thickets. The site does not contain any bog turtle
habitat and it is unlikely that the restoration would affect any individuals. The project could, however,
create habitat for the species in the future.
The Red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) is listed in the county but not on the quadrangle. This
species is federally listed as endangered, listed in the county as historic, and has a notation that it is an
obscure and incidental record. The project does not contain any red-cockaded woodpecker habitat; thus
there is no potential for the project to impact the species.
The brook floater (Alasmidonta varicosa) is a mollusk that is listed in the county by the USFWS;
however, that species is not in NCNHP's county database. It is found in Piedmont systems and along the
.Blue Ridge escarpment of the Catawba River system. This species inhabits medium size streams and
rivers and prefers clean, swift waters with stable gravel, or sand and gravel substrates. This stream
system does not support habitat for the species and it is highly unlikely that the species would be found
within the site or downstream of the site.
The bog rose or dragon's-mouth (Arethusa bulbosa) is a state listed endangered plant species. It is found
in mountain bogs with associated species including pitch pine, sheep laurel, dwarf huckleberry, and
peatmoss. Habitat is not present for this species. It is highly unlikely that this project would affect any
individual plants or habitat for the species.
Small-anthered bittercress (Cardamine micranthera) is a state and federally listed endangered species.
The species grows primarily in seeps and wet rock crevices of stream banks adjoining sandbars,
floodplain depressions, and moist woods near small streams fully to partially shaded by trees and shrubs.
It is endemic to the Dan River drainage in Stokes County and historically in Forsyth County. At present,
the project reach is characterized by a highly incised channel and is mostly exposed to full sunlight.
Small-anthered bittercress is a shade loving plant and it is unlikely that this species occurs within the site
or that the project will affect any plants or habitat for the species.
4

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
The yellow fringeless orchid (Platanthera Integra) is state-listed as threatened and has been found in the
county but noted as obscure. Habitat for the species includes swamps, pine barrens, and flatwoods
(Radford et al. 1968). NCNHP lists the habitat as savannas. The area surrounding the stream does not
contain these habitat types; therefore it is unlikely that this project will affect the species or its habitat.
Small's Portulaca (Portulaca smallii) is astate-listed threatened species. Habitat for the species includes
granite flatrocks and diabase glades. The species is generally restricted to granite outcrops that occur
along the outer margin of the Piedmont province. The site does not contain any granite outcrops;
therefore, the species will not be affected by the project.
The bigeye jumprock (Scartomyzon ariommus), a globally rare fish species, is state-listed as threatened.
It is endemic to the upper and middle Roanoke drainage in Virginia and North Carolina and typically
occurs in warm montane and upper Piedmont streams (Jenkins and Burkhead 1994). It inhabits deep
rocky runs and well-flowing parts of pools of small to medium rivers, usually among large rubble and
boulders and rarely in riffles. The site is not within the Roanoke drainage nor does it have deep rocky
runs, well-flowing parts of pools, large rubble, or boulders. Due to those factors, it is unlikely that the
stream system would support this fish species.
2.6 Potential Constraints
The presence of any constraints that have the potential to hinder restoration activities at the site were
evaluated. This evaluation focused primarily on the presence of observable hazardous materials, utilities,
restrictive easements, pedestrian bridges, protected species or critical habitats, the potential for hydrologic
trespass, and existing jurisdictional wetlands.
2.6.1 Property Boundary
Options for restoring the project reach are limited due to substantial constraints in Bowen Thomas Park.
The design profile and planform are constrained by culverts, easements, ground elevation, mature
hardwood forest, and utilities. These constraints, as well as concerns over hydrologic trespass, prohibit a
Priority I approach of raising the streambed to match the bankfull elevation with the historic floodplain
elevation.
2.6.2 Site Access
Site access is not a substantial constraint for this project. Bowen Boulevard provides access to the
northern portion of the project reach. The paved greenway path parallels the entire project reach. Old
Greensboro Road provides access for the southern portion of the project. Park access maybe limited
during construction activities to ensure public safety.
2.6.3 Utilities
The west bank of the project reach is constrained by a sanitary sewer main that runs along the length of
the project and a radio tower within Reach 2. The left floodplain is constrained by soil stockpile areas.
Power poles are also dispersed throughout the length of the Project Reach. The sewer line and any other
underground utilities should be located precisely prior to any ground-disturbing activities.
2.6.4 FEMA/Hydraulic Trespass
A flood study will be conducted to evaluate the need for a No-Rise, Letter of Map Revision (LOMR), and
Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR). Preliminary .modeling reveals a minor rise in
Reach 1. Thus, the project is expected to require CLOMR documentation. The flood study discussed
above will assure the design does not create hydrologic trespass issues. The .project is a Priority II
restoration and is not expected to create hydrologic trespass.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
2.6.5 Wetlands
Three wetland areas were identified within the site. These areas were located in Piedmont Mountain
Bottomland Forest (Schafale and Weakley 1990) at the toe of the slope bordering these communities (see
Figures 8 and 9 for approximate locations). All three wetland areas presented similar species
composition. Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), and silver
maple (Ater saccharinum) dominated the upper canopies with red maple (Ater rubrum), river birch
(Betula nigra), American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), ironwood (Carpinus caroliniana), silky
dogwood (Corpus amomum), Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), and
patches of giant cane (Arundinaria sp.) present in the lower strata. The dominant vines occurring in these
communities were grape (Vitus spp.), catbrier (Smilax spp.), poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), and
Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica). The herb layer was difficult to inventory during the
wintertime survey.
The soil underlying these wetland areas was identified from the soil survey as the Chewacla series. The
series consists of nearly level, somewhat poorly drained soils found on floodplains. Chewacla soils.
formed in recent alluvium and are classified as a hydric soil. Standing water was present in all wetland
areas. One wetland was located halfway between Bowen Boulevard and New Walkertown Road in the
western floodplain. The second was identified near the southern edge of Evergreen Cemetery in the
western floodplain. The third wetland was located in the western floodplain approximately 700 feet from
Old Greensboro Road. These areas were delineated by the three parameter method (Environmental
Laboratories 1987) in the winter of 2002, however jurisdictional concurrence has not been granted by
United States Army Corp of Engineers (USAGE).
None of the delineated wetlands will be impacted by the proposed restoration activities. All wetlands are
outside the limits of disturbance.
2.6.6 Archaeology
On October 18, 2006, site files housed at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) were consulted to
determine if any known archaeological resources were located near the proposed Brushy Fork Stream
Restoration Site. One previously recorded archeological site is present, site 31Fy808, is located in a
plowed field and is approximately 350 feet from the left bank of Brushy Fork. According to the OSA, the
prehistoric site does not appear to retain significant information and does not appear eligible for the
National Register of Historic Places. No additional archaeological work is recommended.
No historic structures or districts listed on the NRHP are located within one mile of the site.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Cazolina
3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS
3.1 Description
3.1.1 Reach 1
Reach 1 is a perennial, highly incised and degraded stream with several constraints on the belt width.
These constraints include the greenway to the east, along with the overhead electrical transmission lines
(Figure 8). To the west of the stream, there is a 20-foot sewer easement. A wetland feature lies west of
the sewer easement. Bowen Branch enters Reach 1 approximately 235 feet downstream of Bowen
Boulevard. The drainage area of Bowen Branch is approximately 1.9 square miles. Within the first 750
feet of Reach 1, downstream of Bowen Boulevard, a terrace has formed. This section of Reach 1 has
several meanders; however, the riffle pool sequence does not match the meander pattern. This results in
riffles in the outside of meander bends and pools in the straight portions of the channel.
There are several stormwater outfall pipes entering Reach 1, including a 48-inch reinforced concrete pipe
(RCP) and three 30-inch RCPs. The stream has started to migrate laterally within the straight segments,
introducing some sinuosity within the incised channel. The creation of the meander bend pattern at the
current elevation is causing mass wasting and severe bank erosion. The bars within the channel tend to
alternate between coarse sand to gravel. There is very little vegetation along the reach to stabilize the
streambanks and channel. The bank height ranges from 8 to 11 feet within Reach l .
The culvert under New Walkertown Road is a double arch culvert (18.8 feet wide by 8.2 feet high). Just
downstream of New Walkertown Road, the reach has been stabilized with rock gabion baskets to protect
the power pole to the east. The alignment of the culvert has created a severe erosion problem around this
power pole. An overhead electric line crosses the stream and runs along the west bank adjacent to the
sanitary sewer line. The greenway does not parallel the stream between New Walkertown Road and
Frazier Creek. A playing field has been built within the floodplain east of the stream. Approximately 271
feet upstream of the existing footbridge an 8-inch ductile iron pipe for the sanitary sewer line crosses the
stream. There is also an abandoned masonry manhole just upstream of the .footbridge. The footbridge
crosses Reach 1 just upstream of the confluence of Frazier Creek. The footbridge is a 10-foot wide
prefabricated steel bridge with a span of approximately 75 feet.
3.1.2 Reach 2
Reach 2 begins at the confluence of Frazier Creek and Reach 1 (Brushy Fork) and ends at Old Greensboro
Road (Figure 9). The reach is constrained by a 36-inch sanitary sewer main and the greenway along the
western side. In addition, an overhead electric line runs adjacent to the stream to the west for
approximately 1,500 feet. The electric line then crosses the channel and runs adjacent to the stream on
the east for the remainder of Reach 2. Reach 2 has five exposed, lateral sewer pipe crossings that are
collecting debris in the channel. Two blue line tributaries enter Reach 2. For the first 1,500 feet of Reach
2, the east bank has not been cleared of vegetation and is fairly stable. Downstream of the power line
crossing, both banks lack vegetation for approximately 875 feet. A small buffer area remains along the
west bank for the next 2,300 feet with the east bank bare due to the overhead electric line. This portion of
Reach 2 has developed very little sinuosity and tends to have areas of mass wasting, primarily along the
unvegetated banks.
A small berm runs along the top of both banks east of Reach 2. The floodplain is lower than the berm
throughout. There are several small channels running parallel to the stream in the first 1,500 feet of the
reach. These parallel channels could be carrying some of the flow at bankfull in addition to the storage
capacity that the low areas provide.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
Land use adjacent to Reach 2 includes a cemetery and a park to the east, and residential areas including an
apartment complex to the west. The parking lot for the apartment complex is within 10 feet of the top of
the bank in the last 500 feet of the reach. Reach 2 ends at the bridge under Old Greensboro Road. The
stream's alignment to the bridge is skewed, suggesting that the channel had previously run through the
field to the right within the last section of the reach.
3.2 Soils of the Project Reach
The Soil Survey of Forsyth County, North Carolina (USDA 1976), indicates soils present along Reach 1
and Reach 2 of Brushy Fork are Chewacla loam (Figures 10 and 11). The Chewacla series consists of
nearly level, somewhat poorly drained soils of stream floodplains. These soils formed in recent alluvium.
The Chewacla soil series is recognized by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) as a
Hydric B soil. Hydric B soils are soils that are hydric or that have inclusions of hydric soils (NRCS,
1995). However, it is also noted that some phases of this soil do not frequently experience floods of long
durations. This is likely the case along Brushy Fork because the soils do not exhibit hydric soil
conditions except in the areas that were classified as wetlands.
3.3 Existing Plant Communities and Wildlife Observations
There are seven distinct vegetative communities in the floodplains and riparian zones adjacent to Brushy
Fork (Figures 12 and 13). Four of these community types are described by Schafale and Weakley (1990).
Piedmont Mountain Levee Forest. These communities occurred on levee deposits directly
adjacent to the stream channel. The upper canopy was dominated by boxelder (Ater negundo),
American sycamore, and river birch. Occasional individual sweetgum, tulip poplar, red maple,
and silver maple were also present. Species observed in the mid- and low-level canopy strata
included ironwood, silky dogwood, Chinese privet, black willow (Salix nigra), giant cane,
elderberry, and saplings of the mature upper canopy species. Catbrier, poison ivy and Japanese
honeysuckle were present throughout. Invading Japanese knotweed (Microstegium vimineum)
was identified throughout the herb layer and has heavily impacted the species composition at this
level.
Piedmont Mountain Bottomland Forest. These communities were found off the levees in the
floodplain adjacent to the stream. In most areas the dominant canopy species were sweetgum,
tulip poplar, and silver maple. Also present in these areas were red maple, river birch, American
sycamore, ironwood, silky dogwood, Chinese privet, elderberry, and patches of giant cane. The
dominant vines occurring in these communities were grape, catbrier, poison ivy, and Japanese
honeysuckle. Generally in these areas the mid- and low-level canopy strata contained saplings of
the upper canopy species with sweetgum most prevalent. The floodplain south of the confluence
with Frazier Creek was atypical in that the canopy was almost entirely populated by American
sycamore and the lower strata were almost entirely composed of Chinese privet. The herb layer
was difficult to inventory during the wintertime survey, but it has been heavily impacted by the
invasion of Japanese knotweed.
• Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest -Piedmont Subtwe. These areas are found on the slopes
bordering the Piedmont Mountain Bottomland Forest. Species present in the canopy included
sweetgum, tulip poplar, silver maple, and American beech (Fagus grandfolia). The mid- and
low-level canopy strata contained saplings of the upper canopy species. The vine species present
were grape, catbrier, poison ivy, and Japanese honeysuckle.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
• Sand and Mud Bar. This community was identified in one location on a large terrace near Bowen
Boulevard. Sand and Mud Bar communities are too frequently and severely flooded to support a
forest canopy and the species composition on this terrace was limited to pokeweed (Phytolacca
americana), rush (Juncus sp.), sedge (Carex sp.), and elderberry.
Three community types were identified that are not naturally occurring communities, but resulted from
human-induced disturbance.
Cultivated Grass. On the sewer line right of way and in recreational areas bordering the paved
walkway and park, maintained plantings of fescue grass (Festuca arundinacea) and ornamental
species were present.
• Maintained Power Right of Wad These areas were identified under the electric lines that parallel
the stream outside the areas of cultivated grass. Periodic mowing or other maintenance limits
species composition to a mixture of herbaceous plants including pokeweed, elderberry, grasses,
and blackberry (Rubus sp.).
Disturbed/Early Successional Forest. On the west side of Reach 1 from New Walkertown Road,
south to close to Evergreen Cemetery, an area was identified that had been impacted by
residential development. Species identified were typical pioneer plants including sweetgum, red
maple, tulip poplar, Chinese privet, catbrier, Japanese honeysuckle, and rose (Rosa sp.).
Several exotic and escaped ornamental plant species were noted in the floodplain. In some of the
wetlands, large patches of lilly turf (Liriope spp.) were observed along with some ornamental holly
species (Ilex spp.). Chinese privet, Japanese honeysuckle, and autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) were
noted throughout the floodplain area, and a thicket of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) was also
present.
Wildlife species were noted during survey periods through direct observation and signs such as tracks and
scat. Species observed included Eastern garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis), blue heron (Ardea herodias),
downy woodpecker (Picoides pubescens), and gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Many common
passerine bird species were observed. Species observed included northern cardinal (Cardinalis
cardinalis), eastern phoebe (Sayornis phoebe), brown creeper (Certhia americana), Carolina wren
(Thryothorus ludoviciantus), song sparrow (Melospiza melodia). Tracks and scat were noted for eastern
cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), raccoon (Procyon lotor), and muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus).
3.4 Stream Classification
3.4.1 Reach 1
Most of Reach 1 is a Rosgen type FS channel, with a small section of B4c channel (Rosgen 1996). The
width to depth ratio ranges from 9.6 to 16.8. The entrenchment ratio is between 1.3 and 2.4 for the entire
reach and the slope is approximately 0.39 percent. The sinuosity of Reach 1 is 1.10. The morphologic
characteristics are included in Table 4.
3.4.1.1 Dimension
The cross sectional area within Reach 1 was measured at five riffle cross sections (see Figure 8 for
locations and Appendix B for data). Most of the cross sections did not have bankfull indicators. The first
cross section was taken upstream of Bowen Branch to determine the change in channel size due to Bowen
Branch. The cross sectional area was approximately 19.4 square feet. This cross sectional area is below
the North Carolina Rural Piedmont Regional Curve (Rural Curve) (Harman et al. 2000). The section is
impacted by an adjacent power pole and a rip rap lined culvert outfall, perhaps impacting the cross

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
section. The second set of cross sections was taken approximately 100 feet downstream of the confluence
with Bowen Branch. Across section was taken at each of a riffle, run, pool, and glide. The bankfull
cross sectional area of the riffle was 77.6 square feet. This cross sectional area is within the confidence
interval of the Rural Curve. The pool had a cross sectional area of 78.8 feet. The remaining three cross
sections were taken to demonstrate the typical cross section throughout Reach 1 and had cross sectional
areas ranging from 62.3 to 93.7 square feet. These cross sections generally lacked good bankfull
indicators.
3.4.1.2 Pattern
The sinuosity of Reach 1 is 1.10. The first 750 feet of the reach has one meander wavelength. The radii
of curvature for the three curves are 115, 129, and 40, from upstream to downstream. The meander
wavelength is approximately 470 feet with belt width of 200 feet. Downstream of these meanders, the
reach is straight with high, steep banks. The stream has started to migrate laterally and cause erosion.
Downstream of New Walkertown Road, the stream is straight with little meander pattern.
3.4.1.3 Profile
Reach 1 lacks a significant riffle-pool sequence. Most of the channel is riffle-run with a few lateral scour
pools. A representative longitudinal profile is included in Appendix B. The slope of Reach 1 is 0.39
percent.
3.4.1.4 Channel Substrate Material
The channel has fairly course riffles and sandy pools. Much of the finer material in the pools is due to the
mass wasting of the streambanks as the stream begins to migrate laterally. Upstream of the impacted
reach, the dominant channel material is gravel with some significant bedrock outcropping. The D50 of
the channel is approximately 0.6 mm.
3.4.2 Reach 2
Reach 2 is a Rosgen type ES channel (Rosgen 1996). The width to depth ratio is between 9 and 9.9 and
the entrenchment ratio is 4.8. The slope is 0.191 percent and the sinuosity is 1.06 (See Table 4 for
morphologic characteristics).
3.4.2.1 Dimension
Three riffle cross sections and one pool cross section were surveyed for the classification of Reach 2 (see
Figure 9 for locations and Appendix B for data). The first riffle cross section had a top of bank area of
128.0 square feet. The second had a top of bank area of 129.5 square feet, and the third riffle cross
section had a top of bank area of 138.8 square feet. The reach falls within the confidence interval for the
Rural Curve (Harman et al. 2000). The floodplain storage, the storage within Winston Lake, and the
small channels within the floodplain could be why this stream falls significantly below the North Carolina
Piedmont Urban Regional Curve (Urban Curve). The pool cross sectional area was approximately 183.6
square feet.
3.4.2.2 Pattern
Reach 2 lacks defined pattern. The channel is straight with minor curves in the thalweg. The sinuosity is
very close to 1.0. Just downstream of Frazier Creek, the channel has created a meander causing Duke
Power to remove a power pole from the outside of this bend. The pole has been relocated downstream of
this meander.
3.4.2.3 Profile
The reach has many riffle-run areas with lateral scour pools. The overall slope of the channel is 0.191
percent. A representative longitudinal profile is included in Appendix B.
10

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
3.4.2.4 Channel Substrate Material
The reach is predominately sand and has a significant sediment load entering from the Frazier Creek
watershed. The D50 of the stream channel is approximately 0.6 mm.
11

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Fors, h County, North Carolina
4.0 STREAM REFERENCE REACH STUDIES
4.1 Silas Creek, Winston-Salem, NC
The segment of Silas Creek surveyed for reference data collection is located within the City of Winston-
Salem and can be found on the Rural Hall USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle map.
The segment of Silas Creek is located approximately 4.5 miles west of the project reach. The reference
reach begins southwest of the intersection of Wake Forest and Reynolda Roads, approximately 250 feet
downstream of the Reynolda Road crossing. The reference reach is located in the Southern Outer
Piedmont Level IV Ecoregion (Griffith et al. 2002).
The reference reach has a watershed area of approximately 3.3 square miles (2,082 acres). The stream
runs roughly east to west. This portion of Silas Creek's watershed has approximately 30 percent light
density residential land use. Industrial facilities and associated paved areas occupy 25 percent. Park-like.
or vegetated areas including Oldtown Golf Course, Woodland and Odd Fellows Cemetery, and the
campus of Wake Forest University occupy most of the remaining 55 percent of the watershed.
4.1.1 Stream Classification
Reference data were collected along 400 feet of Silas Creek. The reference reach is a third order type B4c
stream. The reach had an average riffle cross sectional area of 43.3 with a width to depth ratio of 15.6.
The entrenchment ratio was approximately 1.4. The sinuosity was 1.1. The radius of curvature ranged
from 19.5 to 54 feet. Morphological data are located in Table 4 and Appendix C. The reference reach
appears to be functioning well and maintaining a stable dimension, pattern, and profile such that channel
features are being maintained.
4.1.2 Soils of the Reference Reach
Like Brushy Fork, the soil association dominant in Silas Creek's watershed is the Pacolet-Cecil
association. The series in this group are typified by well-drained, brownish, loamy soils that have reddish
clayey subsoil found on uplands. The soils of the watershed include Cecil, Madison, Pacolet, Wehadkee,
and small amounts of Appling, Chewacla, and Hiawasee. (USDA 1976).
Soils along the reference reach include Wehadkee, Chewacla, Pacolet, and Cecil. Wehadkee and
Chewacla soils are listed as hydric (NRCS 1995). Pacolet and Cecil are upland soils.
4.1.3 Vegetation
Silas Creek lies in a Piedmont Bottomland Hardwood Forest grading to a Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest
(Schafale and Weakley 1990). The canopy adjacent to the reference reach contains river birch, American
sycamore,. sweetgum, and tulip poplar. Upslope were northern red oak (Quercus rubra), white oak
(Quercus alba), and American beech. The mid- and low-level canopy stratum was not dense and
contained ironwood and saplings of the mature upper canopy species. Vines included grape, catbrier,
poison ivy, and Japanese honeysuckle. The herb layer was very sparse and difficult to inventory during
the wintertime survey.
Wildlife species were noted during survey periods through direct observation and sign such as tracks and
scat. Raccoon was the only mammalian species identified by track or scat. Gray squirrel was the only
mammalian species directly observed. Many common passerine bird species were noted.
12

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
4.2 Unnamed Tributary to Belew's Creek, Kernersville, NC
The Unnamed Tributary to Belew's Creek is located in Forsyth County, NC and can be found on the
Belew's Creek USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle map. The reference reach is located just upstream of the
confluence with Belew's Creek, about 1.2 miles downstream (north) of SR 2014 and 1.1 miles southwest
of the intersection of NC 158 and Old Flat Rock Road. The reference reach is located in the Southern
Outer Piedmont Level IV Ecoregion (Griffith et al. 2002).
The watershed area is approximately 3.4 square miles. The stream runs south to north and drains some of
the northern residential areas of Kernersville. The land use within the watershed includes residential
development and open land, including forest and managed herbaceous. The floodplain is undeveloped
throughout the watershed.
4.2.1 Stream Classification
The Unnamed Tributary to Belew's Creek is an ES type stream channel with an average riffle cross
sectional area of 27.4. The pool cross sectional area was 27.9 square feet with a width of 13.1. The width
to depth ratio ranged from 6.3 to 9.1 and the entrenchment ratio was 34.7. The bank height ratio was 1.0.
The stream has a sinuosity of 1.2 and a radius of curvature to bankfull width ratio of 1.11 to 1.93. These
data can be found in Table 4 and Appendix C. The reference reach appears to be functioning well and
maintaining a stable dimension, pattern, and profile such that channel features are being maintained.
4.2.2 Soils of the Reference Reach
The soil associations dominant in the Unnamed Tributary to Belew's Creek watershed are the Pacolet-
Cecil, Madison-Pacolet, Wilkes-Enon, and the Chewacla-Wehadkee-Congaree associations. The series in
the Pacolet-Cecil association are typified by well-drained, brownish, loamy soils that have reddish clayey
subsoil found on uplands. Those of the Madison-Pacolet association are typically well-drained, reddish
and brownish, loamy soils that have a reddish clayey subsoil found on uplands. The series in the Wilkes-
Enon association are typified by well-drained, brownish loamy soils that have a yellowish clayey subsoil
found on uplands. The Chewacla-Wehadkee-Congaree association consists of somewhat poorly to poorly
drained soils with grayish and brownish loamy soils that have dominantly grayish subsoil and well
drained brownish loamy soils that have yellowish loamy subsoils found on floodplains that are subject to
overflow. The soils of the watershed include Appling, Cecil, Chewacla, Enon, Hiwassee, Louisburg,
Madison, Pacolet, Vance, Wehadkee, and Wilkes. (USDA 1976).
The soil along the reference reach is mapped as Wehadkee. Wehadkee is listed as a hydric soil (NRCS
1995).
4.2.3 Vegetation
The floodplain is dominated by a Piedmont Mountain Bottomland Forest community. Canopy species in
this area were sweetgum and tulip poplar. Red maple and American sycamore were also present. The
mid- and low-level canopy strata contained saplings of the upper canopy species with sweetgum and red
maple most prevalent. Ironwood and Chinese privet were also observed. Vines observed in this area
were grape, catbrier, poison ivy, and Japanese honeysuckle. The herb layer was sparse and difficult to
survey due to snowy winter conditions, however the exotic Japanese knotweed was identified.
4.3 Unnamed Tributary to Richland Creek at Lake Jeannette, Greensboro, NC
This restoration reach is located within the City of Greensboro and can be found on the Lake Brandt
USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle map. The stream is located in the Southern Outer Piedmont Level IV
Ecoregion (Griffith et al. 2002).
13

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
The reference reach is located approximately three miles west of Lake Jeannette. Surveying began
approximately 550 feet upstream of the Regents Park Road crossing. The reference reach has a watershed
area measuring approximately 0.18 square miles (115.2 acres). The stream runs north to south from a
slope south of Beacon Wood Road and drains into Richland Creek, which then runs into Lake Jeannette
(formerly Richland Lake). Land use in this watershed is a mixture of forested area and light residential
development.
4.3.1 Stream Classification
Reference data were collected from a 500-foot section of the channel. The reference reach is a first order,
ES type stream (Rosgen 1996). The average cross sectional area of the riffle was 20.4 square feet and the
pool was 26.4 square feet. The width to depth ratio ranged from 7.2 to 10. The entrenchment ratio
ranged from 3.7 to 4.7 throughout the reach. Morphological data are located in Table 4 and Appendix C.
The Unnamed Tributary to Richland Creek reach appears to be functioning well and maintaining a stable
dimension, pattern, and profile such that channel features are being maintained.
4.3.2 Soils of the Reference Reach
The watershed containing this Unnamed Tributary to Richland Creek is dominated by the Cecil-Madison
association. This soil association is found on gentle, well drained slopes and is a sandy clay loam on clay
subsoil (USDA 1977). Three soils from this association are found in the watershed: Cecil, Vance, and
Chewacla.
The soils underlying this stream are predominantly of the Cecil group, although near the Regent's Park
Road crossing there is an area of hydric Chewacla soil (USDA 1977; NRCS 1995).
4.3.3 Vegetation
The reference reach is situated in a Piedmont Bottomland Hardwood Forest grading to a Dry-Mesic Oak
Hickory Forest (Schafale and Weakley 1990). The canopy adjacent to the stream contains northern red
oak, willow oak (Quercus phellos), sweetgum, tulip poplar, white oak, and American beech. The mid-
and low-level canopy stratum was not dense and contained ironwood and saplings of the mature upper
canopy species. Vines were infrequent and included grape, catbrier, poison ivy and Japanese
honeysuckle. The herb layer was very sparse and difficult to inventory during the wintertime survey.
During the survey period, wildlife species were noted through direct observation and sign such as tracks
and scat. Only raccoon. was identified by track or scat. No mammalian species were directly observed.
Many common passerine bird species were noted.
14

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
5.0 RESTORATION PLAN
5.1 Reach 1 Stream Classification
For Reach 1, a B4c type stream channel is proposed (Figure 14). A Rosgen Stream Classification of B4c
describes a stream that exists primarily on moderately steep to gently sloped terrain, and has a low
sinuosity. This stream type is described as moderately entrenched with a width to depth ratio greater than
12 with gravel as the dominant bed material and a slope less than 0.02. Since the existing channel is
approaching this stream type, the new channel will include a bankfull bench to increase the area available
for flood flows. The meander pattern has been set to avoid the utilities adjacent to the stream.
5.1.1 Dimension
The cross sectional area proposed downstream of Bowen Branch to the confluence with Frazier Creek has
an area of approximately 78 square feet. The cross sectional area was chosen based upon the existing
cross sectional area of the stream. Since the stream is significantly below the Urban Curve and just
within the confidence interval. of the Rural Curve, the existing area was chosen from a stable riffle. The
riffle was surveyed after a bankfull event to ensure that the dimensions remained stable. The cross
section had very slight variations and the two surveys show the cross sectional area had a variation of 1.5
square feet. This variation could be due to not having established a permanent cross section to ensure that
the cross section was taken in the exact location as previously surveyed. The width to depth ratio for the
proposed channel is 11.4. The width to depth ratio was lowered to improve the sediment transport
capacity of the reach (Figure 15).
Comparison of the calculated bankfull area and the bankfull discharge estimated by the Rural Curve
shows good con•elation. Reach 1 has a calculated area and discharge of 79.7 square feet and 356 cubic
feet per second (cfs) respectively. The Rural Curve estimates a bankfull discharge of about 375 cfs.
A bankfull bench has been included in the cross section. Where space is available, a 25-foot bench on
either side of the stream will be incorporated.. In many cases, the sewer line, greenway, and power line
will dictate how wide the bench will be. The bench width will be maximized while maintaining a 3 to 1
slope to meet the existing ground.
5.1.2 Pattern
The sinuosity of the proposed stream is 1.11 with a radius of curvature range of 67 to 105 feet with a ratio
of 2.2 to 3.5. Due to the risk of failure in a constructed stream, the radius of curvature to bankfull width
ratio is typically no less than 2.0. In addition, the constraints within this reach limited the available belt
width. In most cases, the reference reaches were very well vegetated with mature vegetation,
contributing to their ability to maintain a stable meander with less than a 2.0 radius of curvature ratio.
The proposed channel will not have this type of vegetation available to protect the stream banks following
construction, therefore rock vanes and root wads will be used to protect the meander bends (see Appendix
D for vane details).
5.1.3 Profile
The profile of the channel will be improved to allow for defined riffles and pools. The existing slope of
the stream is 0.45 percent. The slope will decrease slightly as a result of the change in length of the
channel. The slope is dictated by the existing culvert under Bowen Boulevard and the culvert under New
Walkertown Road. The maximum riffle slope will be 1 percent and the minimum will be 0.6 percent.
The riffle length ranges from 20 feet to 95 feet with most falling between 30 feet and 50 feet. The longer
riffles will include a rock cross vane to provide bed stability and a downstream scour pool. The pool to
pool spacing ratio ranges from 1.5 to 5.3. This is outside of the range of the reference reach due to some
long riffle areas that had to be incorporated to provide a stable area around the sewer pipe crossings.
15

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
5.1.4 Sediment Transport Analysis
The existing shear stress in the channel was calculated to be 0.62 pounds per square foot using the
following equation:
Equation 1
a=62.4*R*S
Where:
62.4 =density of water lbs/cu ft
R =hydraulic radius ofthe stream (ft) (Area/wetted perimeter)
S =Channel Slope (ft/ft)
The particle size from. Shield's diagram (Leopold et al. 1964) is approximately 39 mm. The proposed
channel has an increased hydraulic radius of 2.5, which increases the shear stress to 0.7 pounds per square
foot. The particle size from Shield's diagram is approximately 44 mm. The maximum particle size found
in the subpavement sample was 120 mm. The two largest particles were thrown out of the sample per
Rosgen's statement that if you collect "larger particles from the subpavement than from the pavement
layer, do not use these big rocks to determine the largest particle size" (Rosgen 2002).. The next largest
particle group was used to determine the largest particle size. The largest particle size found in the next
group was 56 mm. The data on Shield's diagram is limited in this region. The increase in shear stress
will help ensure that the larger particles are entrained.
The critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated to be 0.02. The required bankfull mean depth was
calculated to be 1.5 feet and the required slope was calculated to be 0.24 percent.
Equation 2
z * ci = 0.0384 * (Di / D50)-0.ss'
Where:
Di =largest particle in the subpavement
D50 =median diameter of the pavement sample
This equation was used because the ratio of D50/D50 was not between 3.0 and 7.0
5.2 Reach 2 Stream Classification
For Reach 2, an ES type stream channel is proposed (Figure 16). The existing stream has a low width to
depth ratio and any increase in that width to depth ratio will reduce the sediment transport capacity.
Therefore, the width to depth ratio was not increased. The floodplain will be enhanced by the removal of
the small berms that run adjacent to the channel, allowing better access to the floodplain.
5.2.1 Dimension.
The cross sectional area of the riffle will be 131 square feet with a width to depth ratio of 9.5. The
entrenchment ratio will be 2.9. The cross sectional area was determined by surveying the top of bank area
of the existing stream channel. The existing channel is well below the Urban Curve which predicted a
cross sectional area of over 200 square feet and above the Rural Curve. Therefore, it was determined that
the existing cross section provides the best estimate of the bankfull cross sectional area. The mean
bankfull discharge is 356 cfs for Reach 1 and 593 for Reach 2 (Figure 17).
16

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
Comparison of the calculated bankfull area and the bankfull discharge estimated by the Rural Curve
shows good correlation. Reach 2 has a calculated area and discharge of 132.1 square feet and 593 cfs.
The Rural Curve predicts a bankfull discharge of about 650 cfs.
Where applicable, the proposed channel will include a bankfull bench. Since the existing floodplain is at
the top of bank, this should not be necessary throughout most of the reach.
5.2.2 Pattern
The sinuosity of the proposed channel is 1.07 with a radius of curvature range of 70 to 120 feet, and a
ratio of 2.0 to 3.4. As in Reach 1, due to the risk of failure in a constructed stream, the radius of curvature
to bankfull width ratio is typically no less than 2.0. The constraints within this reach limited the available
belt width. In most cases, the reference reaches were very well vegetated with mature vegetation,
contributing to their ability to maintain a stable meander with less than a 2.0 radius of curvature ratio.
The proposed channel will not have this type of vegetation available to protect the stream banks following
construction; therefore rock vanes and root wads will be used to protect the meander bends (see Appendix
D. for vane details).
5.2.3 Profile
The profile of the channel will be improved to allow for defined riffles and pools. The existing slope of
the stream is 0.189 percent. The will decrease slightly due to the change in channel length. The slope is
dictated by the bridge at Old Greensboro Road and the elevation of Frazier Creek as it enters Brushy
Fork. The maximum riffle slope will be 0.5 percent and the minimum will be 0.3 percent. The longer
riffles will include a rock cross vane to provide bed stability and a downstream scour pool. The pool to
pool spacing ratio ranges from 1.6 to 4.1. This is outside of the range of the reference reach due to some
long riffle areas that had to be incorporated to provide a stable area around the lateral sewer pipe
crossings.
5.2.4 Sediment Transport Analysis
As in Reach 1, the shear stress in the channel was calculated using Equation 1. The shear stress of the
existing channel is 0.42 pounds per square foot. Shield's diagram (Leopold et al. 1964) yields a particle
size of approximately 25 mm. The proposed channel will have shear stress of 0.43 which gives a particle
size of approximately 26 mm. The data surrounding 0.4 pounds per square foot on Shield's diagram
indicate that the channel may have the ability to move a particle size around 35 mm. The largest particle
found in the subpavement sample was 33 mm. The slight increase in shear stress will help improve the
sediment transport capacity of the channel.
The critical dimensionless shear stress calculation is not appropriate for this channel due to the large
quantities of sand.
FEMA has conducted a flood study for the site. Restoration activities will require a flood study for the
project reach and coordination with the local floodplain administrator.
5.3 HEC Analysis
5.3.1 No-Rise, LOMR, CLOMR
A flood study will be conducted to evaluate the need for a No-Rise, LOMR, and CLOMR. Preliminary
modeling reveals a minor rise in the upstream reach (Reach 1). Thus, the project is expected to require
CLOMR documentation.
17

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
5.3.2 Hydrologic Trespass
The flood study discussed above will assure the design does not create hydrologic trespass issues. The
project is a Priority II restoration and is not expected to create hydrologic trespass.
5.4 Proposed Vegetative Communities
The proposed vegetative community is shown on Figures 18 and 19. The proposed buffer community is
Bottomland Hardwood with Shrubs. Constraints along the stream dictate the vegetative species to be
planted. The overhead electrical transmission line is the major constraint along the stream that will affect
the choice of vegetation to be planted. Along the entire stream restoration, the desired community to be
created is a bottomland hardwood forest, however, where confined by the overhead electrical
transmission line, the community be limited in height and consist mostly of shrubs.
In the areas that the overhead electrical transmission line occurs within the -new stream design, the
vegetation will be limited to species that are unlikely to ,get over 15-20 feet tall. This will limit the need
for pruning and the possibility of line interruption from falling trees and limbs. Therefore, this limits the
species to herbaceous (Table 5) and shrubby forms (see Tables 7 and 9).
Before revegetation of the stream occurs, there is preparation work that must be done in areas of the
proposed stream channel. There is a great need for eradication of exotic species in along the project
reach. Silverberry (Elaeagnus umbellata), Chinese privet, and Japanese honeysuckle are present along
the project reach and pose a threat to newly planted species. These are fast growing species that will
create a monoculture and out-compete the plant communities that are being proposed along the project
reach.
Erosion control matting will be used to maintain soil stability along the streambanks until the vegetative
communities are established. A temporary seed mixture will be used once the matting has been installed.
The mixture will consist of either rye or millet. Upon completion of construction, a permanent seed
mixture will be applied (Table 5). The perennial or permanent seed mix will consist of only native plant
species of both grasses and herbs. The seed mix will be used in all of the disturbed areas from upslope
down to the bankfull elevation and in any areas where construction activities have disturbed the soil. This
seeding will occur in addition to other plantings and the temporary seed mix that will also take place in
those same areas of disturbance.
Live stakes will also be used in the area along the streambank on the outside of meander bends (Table 6).
These will be planted at a density of 2 to 4 stakes per square yard and in a random fashion to appear more
natural. The species were selected based on success rates in use as live stakes and availability at the site.
The site contains boxelder that could be used for live stakes; however, the success rate of boxelder is
significantly less than the other species.
Bare root vegetation will be used along the streambank and also on the bankfull benches, floodplain, and
slope areas. Table 8 shows tree species for all construction areas where trees will be used. Table 7 shows
shrubs to be used in the riparian areas. Table 9 consists of shrubs that will be planted on the slopes as
bare root stock. The tree species will be planted randomly and the shrubs will be planted in groups of 2 to
3, but randomly arranged along the stream channel to promote a more natural appearance.
Well established Bottomland Hardwood Forests are present along portions of the project reach. Forests
are present below the confluence with Frasier Creek and below the cemetery. In these areas, efforts will
be made to limit the construction area in order to preserve as much of the natural plant community as
18

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
possible. Shrubs and herbs will be planted below the mature canopy to provide food and covet for
wildlife.
19

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
6.0 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
Performance criteria and monitoring protocol will follow that outlined within the Mitigation Plan and
detailed in the USAGE Stream Mitigation Guidelines (USAGE et al. 2003). Monitoring shall consist of
the collection and analysis of stream stability and riparian vegetation survivability data to support the
evaluation of the project in meeting established restoration objectives. Data collection will include
measurements of stream dimension, profile, pattern, and bed materials, photo documentation, vegetation
survivability sampling, and stream bankfull return interval. Monitoring will be performed each year for a
five year period, with no less than two bankfull flow events documented through the monitoring period.
If less than two events occur during the first five years, monitoring will continue until the second bankfull
event is documented.
6.1 Stream Geometry
Permanent cross sections will be established at intervals of approximately 500 feet, depending on the
reach, to measure dimension. Measurements taken at these cross sections will be sufficient to determine
the width to depth ratio, entrenchment ratio, and low bank height ratio (low bank height/maximum
bankfull depth).
Pattern measurements will include sinuosity, meander width ratio, and radius of curvature only on newly
constructed meanders. The longitudinal profile will include slope measurements of the pools and riffles
and pool to pool spacing.
Weighted pebble counts will be performed in both riffles and pools. Over time, the D50 and D85 should
increase in coarseness in the riffles and increase in fineness in the pools as particles settle out.
Permanent photo points will be established. Photo points will occur throughout the project reach and will
include riffles, pools, meanders, and structures. At least one photo per cross section will be taken. In a
manner that will include the streambank and channel
6.2 Vegetation
The vegetation along the stream should act as a riparian buffer zone to stabilize the stream banks. The
plantings along the stream channel will consist of native vegetation. Evaluation of planted vegetation
survival will be measured based upon the guidelines outlined in the CVS-EEP Protocol for Recording
Vegetation. Ten meter by 10 meter plots will be established per the protocol. A survival rate of 80
percent is required. A tolerance of 10 percent mortality rate will be acceptable for years four and five.
The final vegetated success criteria will be survival of 260 trees per acre through year five (USAGE et al.
2003). In the event that the survival rate is below 260 trees per acre prior to year five, the contractor will
re-plant.
6.3 Monitoring Schedule and Methods
URS will prepare a Mitigation Plan in accordance with EEP guidelines (September 20, 2005). Existing
data obtained during the assessment and design phases of the project will be used to the extent possible.
Following construction, permanent stream monitoring cross sections, vegetation plots, and photo points
will be established along the project reach. Rebar and PVC pipe will be used to mark the locations. The
selected construction contractor will survey these points during the execution of the as-built field survey.
The contractor shall supply a complete and properly sealed As-Built Survey for inclusion in the
20

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth Count~North Carolina
Mitigation. The Mitigation Plan will be formatted and submitted in a three-ring binder format to allow
the latter inclusion of yearly project Monitoring Reports.
Monitoring Data will be analyzed to evaluate the project status in relation to the established success
criteria. A Monitoring Report will be produced that will contain appropriate documentation, field data,
engineering computation, and photographs.
The yearly Monitoring Reports will be prepared and submitted each year after monitoring tasks are
completed. The report will provide the new monitoring data and compare the new data against data from
the previous years. Data, cross sections, profiles, photographs, and other graphics will be included in the
report as necessary. The report will include a discussion of any significant deviations from the As-Built
Survey, as well as evaluations as to whether the changes indicate stabilizing or de-stabilizing conditions.
Annual reports with the As-Built Survey, monitoring, and any corrective actions will be sent to DWQ for
written concurrence within 6 months of the completion of the monitoring.
6.4 Scheduling and Reporting
Construction is expected to commence in 2007. The As-Built Survey will be completed within 30 days of
project completion. Monitoring will begin one year from project completion.
21

BrushxFork Stream Restoration Plan Fors h County, North Carolina
7.0 REFERENCES
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Technical Report
Y-87-1. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Griffith, G.E., Omernik, J.M., Comstock, J.A., Schafale, M.P., McNab, W.H., Lenat, D.R., MacPherson,
T.F., Glover, J.B., and V.B. Shelburne. 2002. Ecoregions of North Carolina and South Carolina, (color
poster with map, descriptive text, summary table, and photographs): Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological
Survey (map scale 1: 1,500,000).
Harman, W.A., Jennings, G.D., Patterson, J.M., Croton, D.R., Slate, L.O., Jessup, A.G., Everhart, J.R.,
and R.E. Smith. 2000. Bankfull Hydraulic Geometery Relationships for NC Streams. NC Stream
Restoration Institute. http://~titivw.bae.ncsuipro~rams!extension/wq /sg ri/re~ional.htin.
HDR. 1998. Brushy Fork Watershed Master Plan. City of Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
NRCS. 1995. Hydric Soils List for North Carolina. http://soils.usda.gov/soil use/hydric/states/nc.htm.
Jenkins, Robert E. and Noel M. Burkhead. 1994. Freshwater Fishes of Virginia. American Fisheries
Society. Bethesda, Maryland.
Leopold, Wolman, and Miller. 1964. Laboratory and Field Data on Critical Shear Stress Required to
Initiate Movement of Grains. The Reference Reach Field Book.
Radford, Albert E., Ahles, Harry E., and Ritchie C. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the
Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 1183 pp. 1987 last printing.
Rosgen, Dave. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology,Inc. Pagosa Springs, Colorado.
Rosgen, Dave. 2002. Procedures from River Assessment and Monitoring via Angela Jessup.
Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of North Carolina.
Third Approximation, North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, N.C.
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources.
USACE. 2003. Stream Mitigation Guidelines. A workgroup consisting of representatives from U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District (District), North Carolina Division of Water Quality
(DWQ), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region IV (EPA), Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS) and the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (WRC). Apri12003.
USDA. 1976. Soil Survey of Forsyth County, North Carolina. US Department of Agriculture, Natural
Resources Conservation Service (USDA, NRCS).
USDA. 1977. Soil Survey of Guilford County, North Carolina. US Department of Agriculture, Natural
Resources Conservation Service (USDA, NRCS).
22

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County. North Carolina
8.0 TABLES.
Table 1 _ Reach 1 Watershed T.and Ilse C'haracterisNcs.
L aND USE* l 997 2010 ' 2020
of
Watershed Acres % of
Watershed Acres % of
Watershed Acres
General Services 26.8 627 28.0 656 28.8 673
Single Family Residential -
Li ht Densi
26.2
613
24.3
568
23.3
545
Water, Undevelo ed 18.4 431 18.4 431 18.4 431
Existing Roads and
Pavement
12.9
303
13.0
304
12.9
303
Unclassified 6.4 150 6.4 150 6.4 150
Retail/Wholesale -High
Densit
3.3
78
3.5
82
3.6
84
Single Family Residential -
Hi h Densit
1.5
34
1.5
34
1.3
31
Institutional 1.2 28 1.2 28 1.2 28
Manufacturing -High
Densi
0.9
20
0.9
20
0.9
20
Trans ortation Facilities 0.9 20 0.9 20 0.9 20
Retail/Wholesale -Light
Densi
0.9
20
1.4
33
1.8
42
Other** 0.7 16 0.6 14 0.6 13
TOTAL 100 2340 100 2340 100 2340
*Compiled from data developed by HDR for the Brushy Nbrk Watershed Master Ylan (t`J`J2S).
**Consists of Multi-family Residential, Parking Lots and Decks, Auto Repair/Service, and Manufacturing -Light Density.
23

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
Table 2. Reach 2 Watershed Land Use Characteristics.
LAND USE* 1997 2010 2020
of
Watershed Acres % of
Watershed Acres % of
Watershed Acres
General Services 9.9 745 11.0 827 12.2 914
Single Family Residential -
Li ht Densi
36.2
2718
33.6
2525
31.6
2374
Water, Undevelo ed 28.1 2115 28.1 2115 28.1 2115
Existing Roads and
Pavement
10.1
757
10.1
757
10.1
757
Unclassified 4.9 369 4.9 369 4.9 369
A ricultural 3.5 265 3.5 265 3.5 265
Retail/Wholesale -High
Densit
1.1
84
2.2
167
2.7
204
Single Family Residential -
Hi h Densit
1.9
140
1.7
131
1.7
126
Institutional 1.7 130 1.7 130 1.7 130
Retail/Wholesale -Light
Densi
1.0
77
1.5
115
2.0
148
Other* * 1.6 118 1.5 116 1.5 114
TOTAL 100.0 7517*** 100.0 7517 100.0 7517
*Compiled from data developed by HDR for the Brushy Fork Watershed Master Plan (1998).
**Consists of Multi-family Residential, Parking Lots and Decks, Auto Repair/Service, and Manufacturing -Light Density.
***The total acreage of the watershed is 7545. This number differs slightly due to a small area of missing data for the land use
coverage.
24

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
Table 3. Federal and State Protected Plant and Animal Species Potentially Occurring in the
Proiect Area.

SCIENTIFIC NAME
COMMON NAME FEDERAL
STATUS STATE
STATUS RECORD
STATUS
Picoides borealis Red-cockaded Wood ecker E E Historic
Alasmidonta varicosa Brook Floater FSC E Current
Arethusa bulbosa Bo Rose -- E Obscure
Cardamine micranthera Small-anthered bittercress E E Historic
Platanthera rote ra Yellow frin Bless orchid -- T Obscure
Portulaca smallii Small's ortulaca -- T Historic
Clemm s muhlenber ii Bo turtle T T S/A Current
Scartom zon ariommus Bi e e 'um rock -- T Current
E -Endangered
T -Threatened
FSC -Federal Species of Concern
T(S/A) -Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance
25

Fork Stream Restoration Plan
Table 4. MOruholo>=1Ca1 Characteristics of the F.xistinu and Prnnnsed ("'hannel and Reference Rearhec
Forsyth County, North Carolina

ARIABLES

EAN/RANGE

XISTING
CHANNEL
REACHI

ROPOSED
CHANNEL
REACHI

XISTING
CHANNEL
REACH2

ROPOSED
CHANNEL
REACH2

ILAS CREEK
REFERENCE
REACH UNNAMED
TRIBUTARY TO
BELEW'S
CREEK
REFERENCE
REACH
UNNAMED
TRIBUTARY TO
RICHLAND
REFERENCE
REACH
Stream T e FS->B4c B4c ES ES B4c ES ES
Drainage Area
mt 3.7 3.7 11.3 11.3 3.3 3.4 0.17
Bankfull width Mean: 32.2 30 35.3 35 26 14.4 13.3
(ft) Ran e: 23.9-41.6 33.5-37.1 25-26.8 13.5-15.3 12-14.6
Bxnkfnll Mean Mean: 2.48 2.6 3.74 3.7 1.67 1.95 1.53
D th ft Ran 2.1-3.3 3.7-3.8 1.66-1.68 1.7-2.2 1.4-1.7
Width/Depth Mean: 13 11.4 9.4 9.5 15.6 7.6 8.6
Ratio Ran e: 9.6-16.8 9-9.9 15.1-17.9 6.3-9.1 7.2-10
Bankfall Cross- Mean: 79.7 77 132.1 131 43.3 27.4 20.4
sectional Area Ran 62.3-93.7 128-138.8 41.4-45.2 25.7-29.1 18.8-21.4
Bankfull Mean
Velocity (ft/s)
annin s
Mean:
4.8
5
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.8
3.4
Bsnkfnll
Discharge (efs)
min
Mean:
356
395
593
602
216
125
72.1
Bankfull
M
i
D
th Mean: 3.6 4.2 6 5.8 2.6 2.7 2.5
ax
mum
ep
dmax ft Ran e: 3.2-4.5 5.6-6.4 2.4-2.8 2.3-3.1 2.3-2.9
Maz drdf/dbkf Mean: 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6
ratio Ran L3-1.$ 1.5-1.7 1.4-1.7 1.2-1.6 1.5-1.9
Low bank height Mean: 2.3 1 1 1 2.1 1 1.08
to Max (ft) Ran e: 1.5-3.6 2-2.2 1 1.0-1.2
Width of Flood
Pro
Are Mean: 55.7 >60 169 >100 37.4 >200 56
nt
a
R
Rms
42.1-78.1
106-200
37.2-37.6
49-63
Entrenchment Mean: 1.7 2 4.8 2.9 1.4 34.7 4.2
ratio (wfpa/wbkf) Ran e: 1.3-2.4 3-5.7 1.4-1.5 32.7-37.0 3.7-4.7
Meander Length Mean: 470 185 N/A 197 168.3 87.5 44
(Lm) ft Ran : 106-270 90-303 130-245 74-101 22-69
Ratio of Meander
Length to
Mean: 14.6 6.2 N/A 5.6 6.5 6.04 3.2
Bankfull Width
m/wb
Ran e:
3.5-9
2.6-8.7
5-9.4
5.48-6.6
1.6-5.1
Radios of Mean: 95 85 N/A 91 41.25 21.5 10
Cnrvatare c) Ran e: 40-129 67-105 70-120 19.5-54 16-27 6.5-23.6
26

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan
Forsyth County. North Carolina
UNNAMED
TRIBUTARY TO UNNAMED
BELEW'S TRIBUTARY TO
EXISTING PROPOSED EXISTING PROPOSED SII.AS CREEK CREEK RICHLAND
CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL REFERENCE REFERENCE REFERENCE
VARIABLES MEAN/RANGE REACH 1 REACH 1 REACH 2 REACH 2 REACH REACH REACH

Ratio of Radius of
Curvature to Mean: 3.0 2.8 N/A 2.6 1.6 1.52 0.7
bankfull Width
c/wb Ran e: 1.2-4 2.2-3.5 2-3.4 0.8-2.1 1.11-1.93 .5-1.7
Belt Width (wblt) Mean: 200 SS N/A 65 43.7 31.5 44
ft Ran e: 39-64 48-89 40-51 31-32 44-45
Meander Width Mean: 6.2 1.8 N/A 1.9 1.7 2.19 3.2
Ratio (wblt/wbkfj Ran e: 1.3-2.1 1.4-2.5 1.5-2.0 2.15-2.22 3.2-3.3
Sinuosity (stream
Iength/valley 1.10 1.11 1.06 1.07 1.1 1.2 1.8
distance
Valley Slope

ft/ft 0.427% 0.427% 0.202% 0.202% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7%
Average Slope
0.388% 0.386% 0.191% 0.189% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4%
sa
P
l Sl
l Mean: 0.05% 0 0.10% 0 0.07% 0.06% 0.38%
oo
ope (spoo
)
Ran e: 0-0.1% 0-0.28% 0-0.2% 0-0.11%
Ratio of Pool
Sl
A
t Mean: 0.1 0 0.52 0 0.1 0.1 1
ope
o
verage
Sloes oVsb Ran e: 0-0.25 0-0.3 0-0.2
Maximum Pool Mean: 5 7 8.4 7.5 4 4.6 3.2
Depth (dpool) (ft) Ran e: 4.7-5.3 3.1-3.3
Ratio of Pool
Depth to Average Mean: 2 2.7 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.1
Banlcfall Deptb
d Udb Ran e: 1.9-2.1 2.1-2.2
Pool Width Mean: 27 33 45.6 42 23.1 13.1 21.2
(wpool) (ft) Ran e: 25.8-28.2 20.8-21.6
~~ °fpaol

Width to BanlduA
Meats: 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.6
Width

llwb
Ran 0.8-0.9 1.5-1.6
Ratio of Pool
A
t
B
kf
ll Mean: 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1 1.3
rea
o
an
u
Area Ran e: 1-1.2 1.3-1.3
Pool to Pool Mean: 98 90 123.5. 105. 58.6 75 34
S acin (ft) Ran e: 45-140 44-159 107-140 57-142 28.5-100 26-59
Ratio of p-p Mean: 3 3 3.5 3 2.3 5.2 3.1
27

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan
Forsyth County, North Cazolina
UNNAMED
TRH3UTARY TO UNNAMED
BELEW'S TRIBUTARY TO
EXISTING PROPOSED EXISTING PROPOSED S1I.AS GREEK CREEK RICHLAND
CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL REFERENCE REFERENCE REFERENCE
VARIABLES MEAN/ RANGE REACH 1 REACH 1 REACH 2 REACH 2 REACH REACH REACH
spacing to
banlcfull width (p- 1.4-4.3 1.5-5.3 3.0-4.0 1.6-4.1 1.1-3.8 1.84-4.34
b Ran
28

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
Table 5. Permanent Seed Mix.
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Andro 0 on erardii Bi blue stem
Eu atorium istulosum Joe a weed
Helianthus an Usti olius Swam sunflower
Juncus e usus Soft rush
Leersia o zoides Rice cut rass
Panicum clandestimum Deerton ue
Panicum vir atum Switch rass
Sor hastrum nutans Indian rass
Tri sacum dact loides Eastern ama rass
Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed
Table 6. Live Stakes.
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Corpus amomum Silk do wood
Ph socar us o uli olius Ninebark
Salix ni ra Black willow
Sambucus canadensis Elderbe
Xanthorhiza sim lieissima Yellow root
Corpus amomum Silk do wood
Ph socar us o uli olius Ninebark
Salix ni ra Black willow
Sambucus canadensis Elderberr
Xanthorhiza sim licissima Yellow root
Table 7. Riparian Shrubs.
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Alnus serrulata Ta alder
Cal canthus oridus Sweet-shrub
Car inus caroliniana Ironwood
Ce halanthus occidentalis Buttonbush
Corpus amomum Silk do wood
Hibiscus moscheutos Marsh mallow
Ilex verticillata Winter be
Itea vir inica Vir inia willow
Ph socar us o uli olius Ninebark
Rhododendron viscosum Swam azalea
Salix sericea Silk willow
Sta h lea tri olia Bladdernut
Viburnum cassinoides Withe-rod
Xanthorhiza sim licissima Yellow root
29

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
Table 8. Trees.
SCIENTIFIC NAME' COMMON NAME
Acer rubrum Red ma le
Betula ni ra River birch
Ca a cordi ormis Bitternut hicko
Ca a ovata Sha bark hicko
Celtis laevi ata Su arbe
Dios ros vir iniana Persimmon
Fraxinus enns Ivanica Green ash
N ssa s lvatica Black um
Platanus occidentalis S camore
Prunus serotina Black the
uercus michauxii Swam chestnut oak
uercus ni ra Water oak
uercus hellos Willow oak
Salix ni ra Black willow
Tilia hetero h lla Basswood
Table 9. Slope Shrubs.
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Amelanchier arborea Serviceberry
Asimina triloba Pawpaw
Calycanthus~loridus Sweet-shrub
Cercis canadensis Redbud
Corpus alternifolia Alternate leaf dogwood
Corylus americana Hazel-nut
Hamamelis virginiana Witch-hazel
Ilex decidua Deciduous holly
Lindera benzoin Spicebush
Symplocos tinctoria Sweet leaf
Viburnum dentatum Southern arrow-wood
Amelanchier arborea Service berry
30

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
9.0 FIGURES
31

Figure 2: Reaches 1 and 2 -Brushy Fork
Brush Fork Stream Reestoration ~~
y ~ Watershed Water Utility r~,t.l',y~t['llt
•.~~.w
~~ Reach 1 Building -- -Bridge
Reach 2 Vegetation Paved Surface
N
Topography Miscellaneous
US Topo Grids: Winston-Salem (1991); Wallcertown (1997) :1 0
Land Use Data: HD R Engineering, Inc., Charlotte, NC 1998

1
yAttPM
LAKS
~` C
r ~ 0 0.25 0.5 1
~~, ' Legend Miles
L `~,'.."!stem ,
1'~I1 l~]I t'Illt'~+~ Reach 1
I<'~,.Y'M Reach 2
Reach 1 Watershed Figure 3: Reach 1 -Watershed Area

. } . acs
t ~ ?.~:
s
,n,;
~; V _
r
~ L
ei
~ ~
~~ ~: ~~
_ ;. s
r~
F~~,,((~~yy~~tern
~!,il l l~ll~!'~.'i l li`R l~
ivRs

Legend
Reach 1
Reach 2
Reach 2 Watershed
--,,~. . ,
;'~ 9e rsat y
EAK6 f~~
~ „~.
s \`+~~ ~:
a~': ''.v~%'
0 0.5
F,.
1
]Miles
Figure 4: Reach 2 -Watershed Area

~~~
...

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~
v ~ C ~3 "~-' ~ ~ C ~ !~ '.~Gd ~ N ^ ~v
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Agriculture 1Yansp cat atian F acilities
- Auta-RepadrlService Retaa]lWholesale-H~ghDaisity
y GeneralSenrices ItetaillV9holesale-LowDensity
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Reach 1
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Figure G: Reach 1-Land Use within the watershed
Brushy Fork Stream Restoration

n~
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US Topo Grids: Winston-Salem (1991); Walkertown (1997) 1:2000
Land Use Data: HD R Engineering, Inc., Charlotte, hIC 1998

Figure 7: Reach 2 -Land Use within the watershed
Brushy Fork Stream Restoration
Reach 2 Watershed
--- Reach 1
Reach 2
~a~~~'()Syti~C'111
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US Topo Grids: Winston-Salem (1991); Wallcertown (1997) 1:3500
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Brush Fork Stream Restoration - f"~"'
y ~ Reach 1 Watershed ~ Appling ~ Pacolet
Reach 1 ~ Cecil Tallapoosa
Reach 2 Chewacla Wedowee
Water ~
~,° ~~ Enon Wilkes
US To o Grids: Winston-Salem (1991); Walkertown (1997 )~f 4iJU
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Soils D ata: HDR Engineering, Inc., Charlot6e, NC 1995

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Figure 11: Reach 2 -Soils of the Stream Site
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Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
10. APPENDICES

Brushy Fork Stream• Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
APPENDIX A
PROJECT SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

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1. Culvert under Bowen Blvd, looking upstream
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2. Electric Tower south of Bowen Blvd. on west bank of project reach.
View from east bank.

y. ~.p~ , r~ f4` ..
;~"~__ ~ w ~ i~ Yen' + ~ ..~+i •~+~~ q. ~ ,•, ''`~^ #,y~"y~
3. Downstream from Electric Tower south of Bowen Blvd. View from east
bank.
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4. Meander bend with large terrace on west side. View looking
downstream from east bank.

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5. Southern terminus of large meander. View looking downstream from
east bank.
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7. Project reach.

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8. Meander bend with large terrace on west side. View looking upstream
from east bank. Bowen Blvd. is north of power pole.

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9. Swale over culvert falling into stream in foreground; large meander at
base of trees in background. View looking upstream on east bank.
~~
10. Eroded stream bank at culvert outfall.

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11. Looking downstream toward New Walkertown Road.
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12. Highly degraded stream bank.
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13. Culvert outfall near first power pole north of New Walkertown Road
View looking upstream on east bank.
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14. Looking upstream from New Walkertown Road.

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16. Eroded stream bank at first power pole south of confluence with Frazier
Creek. View looking downstream on west bank.
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15. Eroded stream bank at footbridge near confluence with Frazier Creek.
View looking east from west bank.

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17. Streambank and channel material. View looking downstream from
west bank.
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18. Streamside vegetation. View looking upstream on west bank.

20. Bottomland forest on east bank.
bank.
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19. Rip rap for streambank stabilization. View looking upstream on west
bank.
View looking downstream on west

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22. Power line easment on west bank. View looking downstream east bank
near north corner of Evergreen Cemetery.
21. Erosion at sewer pipe crossing. View looking west from east bank
where power lines cross over stream.

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23. Rip rap for streambank stabilization at sewer pipe crossing. View
looking downstream from west bank.
24. Erosion under powerline easement on east bank. View from west bank
south of Evergreen Cemetery

west from paved walkway south of cemetery.
bank looking upstream.
25. Tributary to Brushy Fork flowing through floodplain. View looking
26. Tributary enters Brushy Fork. Debris jam at sewer line. View on west

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t°' ' f.:
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27. Streamside vegetation near Old Greensboro Road bridge. View looking
south on west bank.
.~ >
~' ~~ ~_~_
~°~,

28. Old Greensboro Road bridge crossing. View looking downstream on
west bank.

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
APPENDIX B
EXISTING CONDITIONS DATA

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
REACH 1

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a.xls Dimension (2)

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1 a.xls Dimension (2)

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyflc\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a.xls Dimension

B.
Riffle #3 Riffle BRUSHY FORK CREEK
792
790
788
c 786
0
.m
~ 784
w
782
780
778

0 10
height of instrument
omit distance FS
notes pt. (ft) (ft)
20 30 40 50
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
BRUSHY FORK CREEK
Salem Creek
790.32
785.3
781.01
779.87
779.58
780.74
779.74
779.01
778.69
778.77
778.68
778.72
779.02
779.28
780.83
781.88
783.24
784.12
785.24
788.34
790.62
791.21
FS FS
bankfull top of ban
781.88 790.32
60 70 80
..n..
dimensions
88.9 x-section area 2.1 d mean
41.6 width 43.7 wet P
3.2 d max 2.0 h d radi
11.6 bank ht 19.4 w/d ratio
54.0 W flood tone area 1.3 ent ratio
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a.xls Dimension

Appendix B.
96
94
~ 92
C
90
7
N
w 88
86
84
Riffle #4 Riffle BRUSHY FORK CREEK

0 20
hei ht of instrument
omit distance FS
notes ot. (ftl (ftl
40 60 80
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
BRUSHY FORK CREEK
Salem Creek
93.52
92.32
90.23
86
85.89
85.9
85.97
87.31
88.18
88.66
88.91
89.15
bankfull to of
88.91 95.
..n..
dimensions
62.3 x-section area 2.6 d mean
23.9 width 26.0 wet P
3.4 d max 2.4 h d radi
9.8 bank ht 9.2 w/d ratio
42.1 W flood rone area 1.8 ent ratio
L_l 92.32
' 92.41
95.28
' ~ 92.97
I 93.77
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Forkl6rushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a.xls
100 120 140
Dimension

Appendix B.
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushytk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1 a.xls Dimension

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a.xls Dimension (2)

Appendix B.
Pool #1 Pool BRUSHY FORK CREEK
100
98
96 -
~ 94 -
0 92 -
> 90 -
m
w 88 -
86
84
82

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
section : • • •
Pool
BRUSHY FORK CREEK

d
i
ti
n Salem Creek
-
escr
p
o
:
height of instrument (ft): ~ ~ ~ ~
omit distance FS FS FS channel
notes pt. (ft} (ft) elevation bankfull top of bank slope (%)
97.92
[] 97.52 88.58 94.76
^ 93.61
^ 90.49
91.28
^ 91.5
^ 90.44
^ ,, 88.58
^ 87.24
dimensions
78.8 x-section area 3.1 d mean
25.8 width 29.1 wet P
4.7 d max 2.7 h d radi
10.9 bank ht

^ 86
^ ~' 85.75
^ 83.89
^ 83.86
^ 85.75
^ 85.59
~ ~ 86.48
^ 87.35
88.68
89.14
'• 90.25
- s s ^ 96.95
^ i 97.37

P:1Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1 a.xls Dimension

794
792
790
.-, 788
0 786
> 784
d
w 782
780
778
776
Appendix B.
Pool #2 Pool BRUSHY FORK CREEK
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
BRUSHY FORK CREEK
hei ht of it
omit distance
notes pt. (ft)
792.08
791.18
784.18
783.15
782.33
781.17
778.02
777.6
777.24
777.15
777.26
777.92
778.29
778.75
780.18
780.96
781.16
782.08
782.42
781.88
782.55
bankfull Itop of
dimensions
93.6 x-section area 3.3 d mean
28.2 width 32.1 wet P
5.3 d max 2.9 h d radi
14.0 bank ht

L' I 791.48
~~ '~ ' 791.69
u - - - - ---
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy ForklBrushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a.xls
Dimension

Appendix B.
Glide #1 Glide BRUSHY FORK CREEK
100
98
96
~_ 94
c
.~
°- 92
w 90
88
86
84
0 10 20
~___ •r
height of instrument
omit distance FS
notes at. (ft) (ft)
30 40 50 60
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
70 80 90
BRUSHY FORK CREEK
Salem Creek
97.87
97.4
95.49
90.55
90.34
bankfull Itop of
channel
88.11
86.77
86.35
85.55
85.75
85.41
84.7
85.17
85.74
88.01
88.85
94.76
97.27
dimensions
85.2 x-section area 2.8 d mean
30.2 width 32.1 wet P
4.1 d max 2.7 h d radi
6.1 bank ht

P:\Jobs3\31823237_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy ForklBrushy Fork Reach 1 a.xls Dimension

O
~
0 Y
U
~

a
-
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- - 0
O
~ ~
-
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- -- -- -- -- - -- -- - -- N
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__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ ~ O
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-- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- ~
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__ _ __ __ _ _ _ _-__ __ __ N c0

°o 7

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---
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-- fl.

N
N

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p

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° °
° ° ° ° °
° ° O
\
0 0 \
0 \
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O ~ 00 0 ~ (0 0 ~ d ' M N ~ O
~ M

ue
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ad _
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c
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-
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N
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0 N

0 ~

0 ~ N ~ t0 a0 S O N M Vim' ~ ~ N a0O

r ~

N (NO

M N

to 0 0 0 O

U
X r, N V 0)
~
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l6
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m
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03 cC ca c0 N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N O) 'Y
~
' (p N Vl to N tq N N c0 N 03 f` l` N N
~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 7 7 7 7

~
U
N N~ N O1
~ ~ ~
01~mO~O1 C1~
l N t0/
1
C C C ~ j N VO O p 0 0
U O U U
t0 ~ ~ y
.G~~ ~~
_ _ ~
N
S]
f// N t6
~' ~ O O `
`
w w w U U fC t6 f0 t6 ~ .? ~ ~ ~ ~ j ~ O7
'
U U ~ N N U U U U
~ to ~- - a t0 N
~ N

> > ~ ~
> Z'
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> > ~
00
x
v
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r
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T
L
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m
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Ll_
T
z
m`
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m
v
E
m
T
L
fA
7
m
Y
O
ll..
T
t
N
7
m
rl
t0
N
M
N
M
M
h
O
3
d

Appendix B.
Grain Size Distribution for Pavement/Sub-pavement Sample in Reach 1
100% - -
--- ... _ .
90%
___, __ __. .._ . _ .... _... _e._.__-- ~..._._.......-- -...._ ._ .
80% - __
~ 70%
h- 60%
a~ 50% __e~__. -.- -- __ __ _ _ _. ._
40%
0 30% ~ Pavement
20% -~--Sub-Pavement
10% ~ Pebble Count
0%
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Particle Size (mm)
Sub-pavement
Cumulative
percent
Size Weight (gm) Percent finer than
2 1230.9 22% 22.2%
4 765.5 14% 36.0%
8 585.4 11 % 46.5%
16 943.9 17% 63.5%
31.5 1251.6 23% 86.1
56 773.6 14% 100.0%
0% 100.0%
0% 100.0%
Pebble Count

Size Count

ercent
Cumulative
Percent
finer than
0.5 11 11% 11%
1 0 0% 11%
2 6 6% 17%
4 9 9% 26%
6 7 7% 33%
8 4 4% 37%
11 4 4% 41 °lo
16 5 5% 46%
22 9 9% 55%
32 17 17% 72%
45 14 14% 86%
64 1 1% 87%
90 9 9% 96%
128 2 2% 98%
180 1 1% 99%
256 1 1% 100%
Total 100 100% 100%
Pavement
Cumulative
Weight percent
Size (gm) Percent finer than
2 318.8 11% 10.7%
4 152.8 5% 15.8%
8 165.5 6% 21.3%
16 371.8 12% 33.7%
31.5 660.5 22% 55.8%
48 657.7 22% 77.8%
69 662.5 22% 100.0%
Total 2989.6 100% 100.0%
u - e e
Pavement Pavement Count
D16 <2mm <2mm 1.8
D35 3.9 16.9 6.9
D50 9.6 27.4 18.4
D84 30.1 53.8 43
D95 51.7 64.3 87
D100 63.0 69.0 197
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 1a Pav-subpav

Appendix B.
~;
°
- ~
Stream: Location:
®
.
Watershed: Date:
Brushy Fork
~ cross section -~thalwag -~-WS --~-WES L --~-- WES R ~K ^ + • • - - - • BKF trendline
780 ~,~__T~_. ~ ~,
---~.-~.
I 1 I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I ] I 1 I I I I I I I I I I ~ I I I I I I I
I 1 I I I I I I I I ] 1 I I I 1 I I I I I
I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I [ I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I '
I
779.5 I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I. I
( ] 1 I I I I
I I I I I
I I
1 I I I 1 I I
I 1 I I '
• ~• •. I. • j•
I I I I
• I~ • M• y•
I I I I
I I I 1 I I
I 1 I I I 1 I
1 I 1 I
I I I I I
1 I I I
I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I
I I I I 1 1 I
1 I I ~
I I 1
77 9 I
I I I I
I I • N. •I• • I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I I I I
I I I I
~
I
I
~ I I I I
I I I I I I I
I I i I I I I T•
I 1 .I. . ~
I I ~~" I I
~, • I I I I
I I I I
I I I
I I I I I
I I I I I I I I ~
I I I I
I I I
I I
~
~ I I I 1 I
~ I ~ i I I
778
5 ~
I ~ I
I I I ~ I I .I..

' I
• I I I

• I I I I
. I
I
~
I I
I
I
I I
I I
I
I
I
I I
I
f I I I

I I I I I ) I ~ ~ I I I
I ~ ,..

I I
I I 1 I
,•• I• . I

I
I
I ~
I
I I
I
I
I I I I
I
I I
I I I
I I I ,
.
~ 778

~/ I I I

I I '. V

I

~ I I I

~. ~ I I I I I

I I I I I ~

II
II 1 1

II II

I ~,

I

I I
I
I II i
I I I
II I ~ I
~ II I I
I II I I 1 IIII
I I
I I I I I I
I I I I I I II 1
I
I
777.5
o I
II 'I I
; '111'1'1 ~
II
I
~ 'I II
~ I I
I I I III
I I
I I I I
III
I
I I
I
I I
I
' II ~
I I
I II
1
I I
~~ I I
I
I
~ I I I I
I
I I
I
I I I
I I I I I I I I I
I
~ I
I I I

77

I

I I
I

I I
~

I I

I
II

'
I

I
I
> I I I
I I 1 1
I I I I I
I I
I I I I I
I I
I I I I
I I
I I I I
I I I

I I I
1 I I
I I
I I I I I I I
I I I I I I i
I 1 I I I i
I
I I I I
I I I
I I
I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I
W 776.5 I II
I II
I I I I I
I ~ ~
I I I I ~ ~ ~
~ I I I
I I
I
I I I I I
I I I I I I I 1
I I 1 I
I I I I I I I I
I i I
I I I I I I I
I I I I
I I 1
I I I I I
I I I
I I I
~
I I

~
I
II ~ I I I I 1
I I I I I
I ~ ~ I I
~ I
I I I I I
I I I I I I I 1 I
I
I '
I
I
I I I I I I
I I
776
I I I
1 I I I I I I ~ I
I I I I I
~ II I I I I
I I I I 1 I I I
I I I I I I
I
I
I I I I I
I
I
I I I 1 I I I
I I I I I I
I
I
II I 1 I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
; ';~
775.5 I ~ I I
I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I
I I I 1 I I I
I I I I
I I I I I I
I I I I
I I I I I I
I I I I
I ] I y
I I I I I
~ I ~ I I 1 I r
1 1 1 I I I I
1 1 1 1 I I i I
I I I I I I I I
1 1 1 1 1 I I 1
I I I I I I I I I I I I
I V I I I
I I , I
775 1 I
I f I
I ~I I I I I I
I I I
~ I I I I
I I I
~ I I I I
I I I
~I I I I I I I f
I I I I
I I I I I I I I
I I I
I I I I I I I
I 1 I
I I I I I I I I
I I I
I I I I I I ]
I I 1 I
I I I I I I I I
I I I I
7 74.5 I I I
~ I I I I I
I I
I I I I I
I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I 1 I I I I I I I
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0
Channel Distance (ft)
P:1Jobs3131823267_Brushy Fork~Brushyfklstream datalBrushy ForklBrushy Fork Reach 1 a
350.0 400.0 450.0 500.0
Pattern & Profile (2)

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
REACH 2

788
786
784
c 782
0
780
w
778
776
774
Appendix B.
Riffle BRUSHY FORK CREEK
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
BRUSHY FORK CREEK
Salem Creek
of
notes
781.76
s~~s
777.24
..n,.
dimensions
128.0 x-section area 3.8 d mean
33.5 width 37.8 wet P
6.1 d max 3.4 hyd radi
7.3 bank ht 8.7 w/d ratio
200.0 W flood rone area 6.0 ent ratio
Dimension
bankfull Itoo of

Appendix B.
Riffle BRUSHY FORK CREEK
784
782
780
c 778
0
a
m
~ 776
w
774
772
770
0
20
40 60 80 100 120 140
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
BRUSHY FORK CREEK
Salern Creek
hei ht of instrument ft

notes omit
pt. distance
(ft) FS
(ft)
elevation
778.96
~ ~ ~; ~~ ~
_ 778.26
~
~ !=~ ~
~
.~
.~ 778.66
. ~] ..
~ 778.36
~~ r; _ 778.06
t_-]
_
_ 777.76
(~ _ _
_. 777.26
j~ _ 776.56
I~ 774.76
_
I_ _ _ 773.96
j C__, ~
~ 772.36

~.. ~_ 1 771.66
I _ I ] 771.26
770.96
770.96
771.26
771.76
772.16
772.06
772.36
772.96
t_ i
~_~ ~. 775.16
~~ ~~ 775.86
I ~ 1 _.~.. 776.16
.,n.,
776.16
dimensions
129.5 x-section area 3.7 d mean
35.2 width 38.7 wet P
5.6 d max 3.4 hyd radi
6,3 bank ht 9.6 w/d ratio
206.6 _
W flood rove area 5.7 ent ratio
P:Wobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a.xls Dimension

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyflc\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a.xls Dimension

Appendix B.
dimensions
183.6 x-section area 4.0 d mean
45.6 width 51.2 wet P
8.4 d max 3.6 hyd radi
6.4 bank ht

P:Uobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a.xls Dimension

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a.xls Dimension

Appendix B.
_, ~ -._
w
Material Size Range (mm) Ccan*, BRUSHY FORK CREEK
silt/clay 0 0.062 Salem Creek
very fine sand 0.062 0.13 Winston-Salem, NC
fine sand 0.13 0.25 Note: ' -
medium sand 0.25 0.5
coarse sand 0.5 1 Pebble Count, BRUSHY FORK CREEK

very coarse sand 1 2 100%
ve Ilne ravel
ry 9 2 4 I I I l i l l l
I I I I I I I V I I I
I I I I I I I I V I I I
I I I I I I I I V I I I
I I I V I I I I I I V I I I
1
fine gravel 4 6 90% II ~ ~~~~~
I ~ ~ ~~II11'I
I II ~ ~ ;..; ~I~~~
I ~ ~ ~~~~~
• ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~
fine gravel 6 8 80% I I I V I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I V I I I I I I V I I I I I I V I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1
di
l 8 11 ~ I
1 I
I I .
I
~ I
I ~ ~ ~ ~ .. 1
. ~ I ~ ~ ~ I
~ I ~ ~ ~ .. I
um grave
me 70% ~ ~ ~ ~
l i ~
1 I ~ ~ ~ ...
I I
I
I
I 1 I
I
~ I
~
medium gravel 11 16 ~ ° I I V I I I
I I I I I I I 1 1 I I I I I I I V I I I I V I I I
I I
I V I I I
coarse gravel 16 22 60 %
Cli
C I I I V I I I
I I 1 1 1 1 1 I I I V I I I
I I I I I I I I i i l i l
I V I I I I I I V I I I
I I I V I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1
I I V I I I I I I V I I I
I I I V I I I
coarse gravel 22 32 iL 50%
I I
I I V I I I
I I I V I I I I
I I V I I I
l 32 45 ~ I l i
I I I ~
~
~ I I I
I ~ ~
very coarse grave 40%
I I I ( I I I I
I I I V I I I I
I V I I I
~
I I V I I I
ve coarse ravel 45 64 U I
I I V I I I
I I I V I I I I
I I I I I
I I V I I I I I I ( I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 11 I I V I I I
small cobble 64 90 a 30% I I I I I I I I
I V I I I
~ I
I I V I I I
~
I I I V I I I
1 I I V I I I
I 1 1 1 1 1 1
i 1
1 1 1 11
medium cobble 90 128 20% I I I I I I
I V I I I I
i I 'I ~ I I
~ I
i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
I I I ( I I I I 1
I I I I I I
large cobble 128 180 ~ °
I I • I• I • I I I I l
l l
1 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I ,I I I I

ve lar a cobble
180 256 10 /o
~
;
II
~ I~ I •I•I
1 ' I I
~* •~
I I I I I I I
I I IIII I
small boulder 256 362 0%
small boulder 362 512 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
medium boulder 512 1024 Particle Size (mm) --Cumulative Percent • Percent Item
large boulder 1024 2048
very large boulder 2048 4096 Size percent less than (mm) Percent by substrate type
bedrock D16 D35 D50 D84 D95 silt/clay sand gravel cobble boulder bedrock
Total Particle Count: 24 i 0.097 0.25 0.6 15 29 7% 52% 41 % 0% 0% 0%
P:Uobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a Materials

100%
90%
80%
m 70%
H 60%
~ 50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0.1
Appendix B.
Grain Size Distribution for Pavement/Sub-pavement Sample in Reach 2
Sub-pavement
Cumulative
percent
Size Weight (gm) Percent finer than
2 1230.7 25% 25.3%
4 1081.6 22% 47.5%
8 788.5 16% 63.6%
16 1170.3 24% 87.7%
29 585.5 12% 99.7%
33 15.6 0% 100.0%
97 0 0% 100.0%
Total 4872.2 100% 100.0%
Pebble Count

Size Count

ercent
Cumulative
Percent
finer than
0.5 2 2% 2%
1 0 0% 2%
2 34 34% 36%
4 27 27% 63%
6 8 8% 71%
8 6 6% 77%
11 11 11% 88%
16 4 4% 92%~
22 5 5% 97%
32 2 2% 99%
45 1 1 % 100°/0
64 0% 100°,'~
90 0% 100%
128 0% 100%
180 0% 100%
256 0% 100%
Total 100 100% 100%
Pavement
Cumulative
Weight percent
Size (gm) Percent finer than
2 317.8 18% 18.0%
4 156.2 9% 26.9%
8 271.8 15% 42.3%
16 575 33% 74.9%
31.5 362.2 21 % 95.5%
36 27.4 2% 97.0%
37 52.8 3% 100.0%
Total 1763.2 100% 100.0%
Sub- Pebble
Pavement Pavement Count
D16 <2mm <2mm 1.3
D35 2.9 6.1 1.96
D50 4.6 9.9 2.9
D84 14.8 22.9 10
D95 23.9 31.5 19
D100 33.0 37.0 38
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a Pav-subpav
1 10 100 1000
Particle Size (mm)

Appendix B.
Stream:: ~ Location: - . ,
Watershed: Date:
Brushy Fork
~ cross section -$-thalwag ~ WS
_~_
777 _ ,~_~_ ~
.__~.~
~.n
V ~
,

776
5

~
~

~
~
~
~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~
~
~
~ ~

~
~

~
~
. ~ ~ ~ ~
~
~ ~ ~
~
~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~
~
~
776 ~~
~ ~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~
~ .
~
775
5
. I I
775
I

c

774
5 ~

~

~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
I ~ ~
~
~
. ~~ ~~
' 774
° ~ ~ ~ ~
-
w ~~
773
5 ~
' ~ ~ ~
~
~
~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~
~
. ~
~ ~
~
~
~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~
~
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773 ~ ~
~
~
~ ~ ~
~ ~
~ '~
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~ ~
~
~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~
~ ~ ~
~ ~ ,
~
~
772
5 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
. ~ ~ ~ ~
772 ~ ~~

0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0
Channel Distance (ft)
P:IJobs3131823267_Brushy ForklBrushyfklstream datalBrushy ForklBrushy Fork Reach 2a Pattern & Profile (2)

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
APPENDIX C
REFERENCE REACH DATA

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
SILAS CREEK

Appendix C.
P:Uobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream dataU2eference Reaches\Silas Crk Ref Rch 01_10_03.x1s Dimension

Appendix C.
Riffle Silas Creek
98

0 96
a
m
d
w 94
92
90
~-
0
10 20 30 40 50 60
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
Creek
hei ht of
omit distant
notes pt. (ft)
97.14
96.65
96.2
96.02
95.52
95.34
95.15
93.79
93.41
93.19
93.16
92.3
92.09
91.87
91.59
91.47
91.47
91.87
91.97
91.57
91.42
91.36
91.37
91.44
91.71
92.57
92.96
93.77
94.38
94.71
FS FS
~ankfull to of k
93.79 96.6
..n.,
dimensions
41.4 x-section area 1.7 d mean
25.0 width 26.8 wet P
2.4 d max 1.5 h d radi
5.3 bank ht__ _ 15.1 w/d ratio

37.6 _
W Flood_prone area
I.5 _
ent ratio
` U 95.86
~'~ _ 96.62
~~ 97.54
~ ~ ~-~ 98.97
__ - t ~ ::,. ~- 99.17
P:Uobs3\31823267_t3rushy Fork~Brushyrk\stream data\Reference Reaches\Silas Crk Ref Rch 01 10 03.x1s
Dimension

Appendix C.
Run Silas Creek
100
98
0 96
w 94
92
90

0
10
20 30 40
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
Silas Creek
Upper Yadkin
of instrument
mce
50 60
..n..
96.73
~( l ~ ~' 91.63
91.83
92.13
91.93
91.53
91.73
91.63
91.23
91.38
91.33
dimensions
60.1 x-section area 1.8 d mean
32.8 width 35.1 wet P
2.8 d max 1.7 h d radi
5.6 bank ht 17.9 w/d ratio
40.0 W flood rone area 1.2 ent ratio
94.03
{ ~ ~ 94.73
i
94.83
u, :,, . ,;. ~ - - 96.73
~ 98.03
P:Uobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\Silas Crk Ref Rch 01_10_03.x1s
Dimension

C.
100
98
96
c
0
94
a~
w
92
90
88
Pool Silas Creek
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
section:
Pool
Silas Creek
U er Yadkin River
description: ' • • ~ •
hei ht of instrument (ft): ~
omit distance FS FS FS channel
100.14
99.53
95.71
94.74
94
93.55
bankfull top of bank slope %)
r
93.79 97.29
dimensions
59.6 x-section area 2.6 d mean
23.1 width 26.6 wet P
4.0 d max 2.2 h d radi
7.5 bank ht

Appendix C.
~~~'~
Glide Silas Creek
100
98
~ 96
c
0
94
a~
w
92
90
88

0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
Creek
r Yadkin River
sight of instrument
distance FS
99.07
96.6
96.12
93.73
92.98
92.4
91.85
91.82
91.41
91.13
91.12
91.23
91.63
91.19
91.52
92.58
~ankfull top of bank
i
93.73 97.03
4~. i x-section area 1.8 d mean
26.6 width 28.5 wet P
2.6 d max 1.7 h d radi
5.9 bank ht

Appendix C.
99
98
97
96
95
94
w 93
92
91
90
89
Silas Creek Upper Yadkin River Winston-Salem, NC
X X
X
X
-..,------~--•--~--- X X
• ---------~•--•----•-..•_._•--R--~ ~..
•
++ + + + +
+ +
~- - ~..~
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Channel Distance (ft) tbed water srt X Top of Bank + WS • BKF - -- ~ x-section
P:1Jobs3\31823267 Brushy Fork\Brushyfklstream data\Reference Reaches\Silas Crk Ref Rch 01_10_03.x1s Pattern & Profile (2)

Appendix C.

Material Size Range (mm) t t~~~n ~ Silas Creek
silUclay 0 0.06 Upper Yadkin River
very fine sand 0.062 0.13
.__ Winston-Salem, NC
fine sand 0.13 0.25 Note:
medium sand 0.25 0.5 I
coarse sand 0.5 1 Pebble Count, Silas Creek
ve
coarse sand 1 2 ~ 100%
ry
very fine gravel 2 4 ° 90%
fine gravel 4 6
fine gravel 6 8 ? 80%
medium gravel 8 11 m 70%
medium gravel _
11 16 I ~ °
60%
coarse gravel 16 22 c
coarse gravel 22 32 ~ 50%
very coarse gravel 32 45 40%
ve coarse ravel 45 64 ~
d

small cobble
64 90 , 30%
o_
20%
medium cobble 90 128
large cobble 128 180 ! 10%
ve lar a cobble 180 256

small boulder
256 362 _ 0%
small boulder 362 512 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
medium boulder 512 1024 Particle Size (mm) -f-Cumulative Percent • Percent Item
large boulder 1024 2048 _
~
very large boulder 2048 4096
! Size percent less than (mm) Percent by substrate type
bedrock _ ~ D16 D35 D50 D84 D95 silUclay sand gravel cobble boulder bedrock
Total Particle Count: 51 0.426 1.34 8.7 112 699 0% 37% 35% 18% 10% 0%
I I. I V I I I
I I I I I I I I I i l
I i ~ I I l i l l l
I II I I 1 1 1 1 1 1
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I I I V I I I I I I V I I
I I ( V I I I
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i I I V
I I I I I V I I I
I ~ ~ i l l i l I I I 1 1 1 11
I I I V I I I
I 1 I I I I II ; II I ~ ~ II II I ~ II II II I l i II ~
~ I ~ I-i ~ I • II •~ I I I II II I ~~ ~ II ~ ~ I
P:Wobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\Silas Crk Ref Rch 01_10_03.x1s Materials

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
UNNAMED TRIBUTARY TO BELEWS CREEK

Riffle Trib. To Belews Creek
8.00 10.00
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
Trib. To Belews Creek
Roanoke Basin
dimensions
25.7 x-section area 1.7 d mean
15.3 width 16.7 wet P
2.3 d max 1.5 h d radi
2.3 bank ht 9.1 w/d ratio
500.000 W flood rone area 32.7 ent ratio
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\Trib to belews v2-1 T.xls Dimension

Appendix C.
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushytk\stream data\Reference Reaches\Trib to belews v2-1 T.xls Dimension

Appendix C.
P:Wobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfklstream data\Reference Reaches\Trib to belews v2-1 T.xls Dimension

N

----- . - -
- i- -
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m t ~
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fn N

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c c c c c

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>>> >>>>>
m m m m m m m c~ m
» ~ a .n
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7 7 7 7 7
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~~~ ~~~~~ 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0
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w 4= C G C i` N` N~~
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qQ
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Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
UNNAMED TRIBUTARY TO RICHLAND CREEK

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS.xls Dimension

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS.xls Dimension

100
99
~ 98
c
.~
°- 97
a~
w 96
95
94
Appendix C.
Poo- Tributary to Richland Creek -Lake Jeanette

0 10
notes
ht of instrument
u
20 30 40
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
50 60 70
Tributary to Richland Creek -Lake Jeanette
Cape Fear
98.38
97.82
97.58
97.8
97.29
95.93
95.13
94.37
94.56
95.12
95.73
96.41
96.48
97.33
97.63
96.97
97.3
96.73
97.55
97.76
99.02
FS FS
bankfull top of ban
97.63 97'33
channel
dimensions
25.8 x-section area 1.2 d mean
21.6 width 23.1 wet P
3.3 d max 1.1 h d radi
3.0 bank ht
~__ - --,. -~. _~. _ ~. _... ._r __ -:~~-~ ._ ...._..._.
P:\Jobs3131823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS.xls Dimension

Appendix C.
Riffle Tributary to Richland Creek -Lake Jeanette
105
104
103
102
~ 101
c
100
m
~ 99
w
98
97
96
95

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Width from River Left to Right (ft)
section:
Riffle
Tributary to Richland Creek -Lake Jeanette
Ca a Fear
description: ~
height of instrument (ft): ~ ~
omit distance FS FS FS W fpa channel Manning's
notes rat. {ft;) (ft) elevation bankfull top of bank (ft) slope (%) "n"
%~ 103.11 +
[~ 102.46 98.74 100.37
102.08
101.98
~~ 101.26
' ~° 100.92
100.37
A - ~ 98.99
98.74
dimensions
20.1 x-section area 1.7 d mean
12.0 width 14.6 wet P
2.9 d max 1.4 h d radi
4.5 bank ht 7.2 w/d ratio
4Q.0 W flood prone area 4.1 ent ratio
97.23
97.04
96.08
96.02
95.94
95.86
95.88
~'~ 96.71
98.44
99.38
"» 99.79
100.57
y 101.57
. 103.64

..~._ _
_.._~.
.~__ _ -.T~
...~
.__-_ -~_~
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS.xls Dimension

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS.xls Dimension

P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS.xls Dimension

o
O

i
~ U
~
N
X

I Q
~
1
0
~

•
r
~ LL
m

O
x 9 ~
I (0
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n v
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c
rn 0
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U
X
'O
c
m
a
Q

Appendix C.
very fine sand 0.062 0.13
fine sand 0.13 0.25
medium sand 0.25 0.5
coarse sand 0.5 1
ve coarse sand 1 2
very fine gravel 2 4
fine gravel 4 6
fine gravel 6 8
medium gravel 8 11
medium gravel 11 16
coarse gravel 16 22
coarse gravel 22 32
very coarse gravel 32 45
ve coarse ravel 45 64
small cobble 64 90
medium cobble 90 128
large cobble 128 180 `'~~
ve lar a cobble 180 256
small boulder 256 362
small boulder 362 512
medium boulder 512 1024
large boulder 1024 2048
very large boulder 2048 4096
Tributary to Richland Creek -Lake Jeanette
Cape Fear
Greensboro -Off of Reoencv Park Rd
Pebble Count, Tributary to Richland Creek -Lake Jeanette
100%
90%
80%
~ 70%
t
~ 60%
LL 50%
~ 40%
d 30%
20%
10%
0%
V
I I I
I I I I
I I I V
I I I
I I I
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0.01 0.1 1 10
Particle Size (mm)
Size percent less than (mm)
D16 D35 D50 D84 D95 silt/clay
#N/A 0.15 0.5 3 7 20%
100 1000 10000
(Cumulative Percent • Percent Item
sand gr
62% 1
P:Wobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Reference Reaches\trib to richland SS Materials

Appendix B.
very fine sand 0.062 0.13 ~?`
fine sand 0.13 0.25
medium sand 0.25 0.5
coarse sand 0.5 1
very coarse sand 1 2
very fine gravel 2 4
fine gravel 4 6
fine gravel 6 8
medium gravel 8 11
medium gravel 11 16
coarse gravel 16 22
coarse gravel 22 32
very coarse gravel 32 45 _
ve coarse ravel 45 64
small cobble 64 90
medium cobble 90 128
large cobble 128 180
ve lar a cobble 180 256
small boulder 256 362
small boulder 362 512
medium boulder 512 1024
large boulder 1024 2048
very large boulder 2048 4096
NC
100%
90%
80%
= 70%
~ 60%
a~
50%
~ 40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Pebble Count, BRUSHY FORK CREEK
~ I ( V I I I I I I V I I I I I I V I I I I I V I I I I I I V I I I I I ( V I I I
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V III I I V III
0.01 0.1 1
Particle Size (mm)
D16 D35 D50 D84 D9!
0.097 0.25 0.6 15 29
P:Wobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a Materials

Appendix B.
Grain Size Distribution for Pavement/Sub-pavement Sample in Reach 2
100%
m ~. i r _~.
90% z,.._._ _ .__ _... _.._._
80% __, .._..
m 70%
~ 60%
_ _....
ii 40%
_ ._.
30% ~ Pavement
20% fSub-Pavement
10%
0% ~ Pebble Count
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Particle Size (mm)
Sub-pavement
Cumulative
percent
Size Weight (gm) Percent finer than
2 1230.7 25% 25.3%
4 1081.6 22% 47.5%
8 788.5 16% 63.6%
16 1170.3 24% 87.7%
29 585.5 12% 99.7%
33 15.6 0% 100.0%
97 0 0% 100.0%
Total 4872.2 100% 100.0%
Pebble Count

Size Count

ercent
Cumulative
Percent
finer than
0.5 2 2% 2%
1 0 0% 2%
2 34 34% 36%
4 27 27% 63%
6 8 8% 71
8 6 6% 77%
11 11 11% 88%
16 4 4% 92%
22 5 5% 97%
32 2 2% 99%
45 1 1% 100%
64 0% 100%
90 0% 100%
128 0% 100%
180 0% 100%
256 0% 100%
Total 100 100% 100%

Size
Weight
(gm)

Percent Cumulative
percent
finer than
2 317.8 18% 18.0%
4 156.2 9% 26.9%
8 271.8 15% 42.3%
16 575 33% 74.9%
31.5 362.2 21 % 95.5%
36 27.4 2% 97.0%
37 52.8 3% 100.0%
Sub- Pebble
Pavement Pavement Count
D16 <2mm <2mm 1.3
D35 2.9 6.1 1.96
D50 4.6 9.9 2.9
D84 14.8 22.9 10
D95 23.9 31.5 19
D100 33.0 37.0 38
P:\Jobs3\31823267_Brushy Fork\Brushyfk\stream data\Brushy Fork\Brushy Fork Reach 2a Pav-subpav

Brushy Fork Stream Restoration Plan Forsyth County, North Carolina
APPENDIX D
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