DEQ-CFW_00088087

0 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) CAS No. 67-68-5
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Point Source Emissions Determination:
Vapor pressure of DMSO = 0.46 mm Hg at 20°C
Mole fraction DMSO in vapor (using Dalton's law):
Mole fraction DMSO = Vapor pressure DMSO = 0.46 mm H = 0.000605 mole DMSO
Total pressure in tank 760 mm Hg mole gas in tank
Molar volume at 0°C and 1 atm = 359 ft3 ==:> Molar volume at 20°C and 1 atm = 385 ft3
Pounds of DMSO per tank volume:
802 ft3 * lb -mole * 0.000605 mole DMSO * 78 lb DMSO = 0.098 lb DMSO
tank volume 385 ft3 lb -mole gas in tank mole DMSO tank volume
Total DMSO emissions per year from tank volume:
0.098 lb DMSO * 1 tank volume * 365 days * 1 ton = 0.018 ton DMSO / yr
tank volume day year 2000 lbs
Fugitive Emissions Determination:
Equipment
Component
Number of
Components
Good Factor
lb/hr/com onent
Emissions
lb/hr
Emissions
ton/ r)
Pump Seal
1
0.0075
0.0075
0.033
Heavy Liquid Valve
20
0.00352
0.0704
0.308
Open-ended Line
1
0.0215
0.0215
0.094
Flange/Connection
9
0.00031
0.00279
0.012
Total
0.447
Good factor (lb/hr/component) x Number of Components = Emissions (lb/hr)
Emissions (lb/hr) x 1 ton / 20001bs x 24 hr/day x 365 days/year = Emissions (ton/yr)
Total fugitive DMSO emissions per year = 0.447 ton DMSO / year
Emissions Summary:
Point Source Emissions + Fugitive Emissions = Total Emissions
0.018 ton DMSO / year + 0.447 ton DMSO / year = 0.47 ton DMSO / year
DEQ-CFW 00088087

0 APPENDIX A: FUGITIVE EMISSION LEAK RATES FOR PROCESS EQUIPMENT
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Fugitive emission studies have been done on a number of DuPont facilities and the
measurements were considerable lower than emission factors recommended by the EPA for
SOCMI chemical processes. These screening and bagging data have been used to establish
"typical" emission factors from DuPont facilities. The data separated into three categories of
emission levels for "as found" emissions form plants who were not involved in LDAR programs.
As a result of this effort, three sets of DuPont factors were developed: "superior", "excellent",
and "good." The superior factors are typical of processes that contain extremely hazardous
materials, i.e. phosgene (COC 12), chlorine (C 12), and hydrogen fluoride (HF). A set of example
questions to help guide DuPont sites as to when to use the different categories was also
developed and is discussed in the next section. The three categories represent the range found at
DuPont facilities, but still are much lower than EPA SOCMI factors. All three sets of factors are
listed below.
EMMISION FACTORS (Ib/hr/component)
COMPONENT
SERVICE
SUPERIOR
EXCELLENT
GOOD
EPA
SOCMI
Pump Seals
Light Liquid
xxxxx
0.00115
0.0075
0.109
Pump Seals
Heavy Liquid
xxxxx
0.00115
0.0075
0.047
Valves
Gas
xxxxx
0.00039
0.00549
0.012
Valves
Light Liquid
xxxxx
0.00036
0.00352
0.016
Valves
Heavy Liquid
xxxxx
0.00036
0.00352
0.00051
Pressure Relief
Seals
Gas/Vapor
.xxxxx
0.00012
0.00013
0.23
Open Ended
Lines
All
xxxxx
0.001
0.0215
0.0037
Flanges
All
xxxxx
0.00018
0.00031
0.0018
Sampling
Connections
All
xxxxx
0.00018
0.00031
0.033
Compressor Seals
Gas/Vapor
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.50
Overall Emission
Factor
1/10,000
1/20
1/3
1/1
Heavy liquid means a liquid with a true vapor pressure of less than 0.3 kPa (0.04 psia) at a
temperature of 294.3 °K (70 °F); or which has 0.1 Reid Vapor Pressure; or which when distilled
requires a temperature of 421.95 °K (300 °F); or greater to recover 10 percent of the liquid as
determined by ASTM method D86-82.
0 Light liquid means a liquid that is not a heavy liquid.
DEQ-CFW 00088088

0 Which factors should I use?
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The factors suggested above represent DuPont "experience" and more accurately reflect
OVERALL fugitive emissions from DuPont facilities, i.e. the DuPont culture. The comparisons
were made with a limited database and the factors suggested here reflect a comparison of overall
or aggregate emission levels to those predicted by EPA SOCMI factors. It should be pointed out
that individual DuPont factors did vary from specific source service factors suggested by EPA,
i.e. light or heavy liquid service. For the "Superior" category, the individual factors are
extremely small numbers, and therefore, it is suggested to calculate the emission estimate with
EPA SOCMI factors, and then divide the total by the 10,000 factor. Since there is considerable
variability in ANY individual component leak rate due to type, age, size, service, etc., it is also
suggested to check overall predicted emissions from the "Excellent" and "Good" categories in
the same way, i.e. use EPA factors and then divide by 20 or 3, respectively.
In order to determine which factors to use, a series of questions were developed to index a
facility into one of the three categories. These are general guidance, and not definitive in the
sense of black or white. Additionally, use of the DuPont Factors may be challenged by State
Environmental Agencies since they do vary from EPA prescribed factors. However, past
validation efforts gave overall estimates within 10-20% of those based on DuPont factors. For
additional information and assistance, please call Tom Kittleman, Ducom 366-4718.
Superior factors should only be sued by facilities that use extremely hazardous materials, i.e.
phosgene, chlorine or HF. The maintenance culture of these operations is to detect and repair
leaks immediately due to the inherent toxicity of the chemicals. Most other processes/facilities
will be either excellent or good.
The "Excellent" factors listed above should be used only after HONESTLY answering the list of
questions attached, and at least 4 or 5 answers are "Yes." otherwise use "Good".
QUESTIONS FOR DETERMINING UNIT -SPECIFIC FACTOR CATEGORY
1. Are techniques available and used to routinely locate specific leaks? Examples include SOz
bombs, ammonia solution, special detectors (such as those for HCN or phosgene), chemical
badges, and sniff testers.
2. Do you perform leak checks in this process area at least once per day?
3. Are specific procedures used on each start-up to minimized fugitive emissions? Examples
include hydrostatic tests, special leak tests, etc.
4. Do you have a documented check list startup procedure that helps locate routine leaks?
5. Do you have a formal procedure that requires leaks be repaired in a timely manner, including
use of overtime if necessary?
DEQ-CFW 00088089