20061202 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_20060726

?0F W A TF90 Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
r North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
> -i
Cl)
.? Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
September 5, 2006
DWQ# 06-1202
Ashe County
Mr. Russell Estes
647 C Low Gap Road
Jefferson, NC, 28640
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification with Additional Conditions
Dear Mr. Estes:
You have our approval to conduct stream restoration, enhancement, and stabilization activities, in accordance
with the attached conditions, along a total of 480 linear feet of Roan Creek located on your property adjacent
to N. C. Highway 88 near the intersection of Low Gap Church Road in Ashe County, as described in your
application received by the Division of Water Quality on July 26, 2006. After reviewing your application, we
have determined that this activity is covered by General Water Quality Certification Number 3495, which can
be viewed on our web site at http://www.newaterqualit?orglwetlands.html. This Certification allows you to
use Nationwide Permit Number 27 when it is issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. In addition, you
should secure any other applicable federal, state or local permits before you proceed with your project,
including (but not limited to) those required by Sediment and Erosion Control, Non-Discharge, and Water
Supply Watershed regulations. Also, this approval will expire when the accompanying 404 permit expires
unless otherwise specified in the General Certification.
This approval is valid only for the purpose and design that you have described in your application. If you
change your project, you must notify us in writing, and you maybe required to send us a new application for a
new certification. If the property is sold, the new owner must be given a copy of the Certification and
approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying with all conditions. If total wetland fills for this
project (now or in the future) exceed one acre, compensatory mitigation may be required as described in 15A
NCAC 2H .0506 (h). For this approval to be valid, you must follow the conditions listed in the attached
certification, as well as the additional conditions listed below:
1. The following impacts are hereby approved as long as all other specific and general conditions of this
Certification are met. No other impacts, including incidental impacts, are approved:
Amount Approved Plan Location or Reference
Streams 480 linear feet Roan Creek located on the Russell Estes property
along N. C. Highway 88, near the intersection of
Low Gap Church Road, in Ashe Count

_
1Voc' Carolina
_ alumilil
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
Wetlands Certification Unit 1650 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 Phone [phone] FAX [phone]
2321 Crabtree Blvd. Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 Internet hfp:lhvww.ncwaterouality.oro
Customer Service Number: 1-877-623-6748
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer - 50% Recycled/10% Post Consumer Paper
Mr. Russell Estes
Page 2, DWQ# 06-1202
September 5, 2006
2. Instream work and land disturbance within the twenty-five (25) foot trout buffer is generally prohibited
during the trout spawning season of October 15th through April 15th in order to protect the egg and fry
stages of trout. However, this moratorium is waived for the first two weeks of October in order to allow
completion of the stream restoration, enhancement, and stabilization activities. An additional waiver
may be granted by DWQ if it is deemed critical to the successful completion of the project. Such waiver
must be requested by the applicant in writing.
3. Appropriate sediment and erosion control measures which equal.or exceed those outlined in the most
recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Planning and Design Manual or the
North Carolina Surface Mining Manual (available from the Division of Land Resources at NCDENR
regional offices or the central office), whichever is more appropriate, shall be designed, installed and
maintained properly to assure compliance at all times with the North Carolina water quality standards
that are applicable to Class WS-IV waters as described in 15A NCAC 02B .0216 Fresh Surface Water
Quality Standards For - Class WS-IV Waters. Such measures must equal or exceed the requirements
specified in the most recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Manual.
These measures must be maintained on all construction sites, borrow sites, and waste pile (spoil) sites,
including contractor owned and leased borrow pits, which are associated with this project.
4. Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in we or waters to the maximum extent
practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control measures in wetlands or waters is
unavoidable, they shall be removed and the natural grade restored within six months of the date of
project completion or, if applicable, within six months of the date of project release by the Division of
Land Resources.
5. No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas beyond the
footprint of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction Notification. All construction activities,
including the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of sediment and erosion control "Best
Management Practices" shall be performed so that no violations of state water quality standards,
statutes, or rules occur.
6. Upon finishing the project, the Applicant shall fill out and return the enclosed "Certificate of
Completion" to notify NCDWQ when all work included in the §401 Certification has been completed.
This certificate should be returned to the 401/Wetlands Unit of the NC Division of Water Quality at the
address listed on the form. Along with the Certificate of Completion, please send photographs showing
the restored stream reach.
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this certification, you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing. You
must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing, send a written petition
which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes to the Office of Administrative
Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, N.C. 27699-6714. This certification and its conditions are final
and binding unless you ask for a hearing.
Mr. Russell Estes
Page 3, DWQ# 06-1202
September 5, 2006
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act.
If you have any questions, please telephone Daryl Lamb in the DWQ Winston-Salem Regional Office at 336-
771-4959 or Ian McMillan in the Wetlands/401 Central Office in Raleigh at 919-715-4631.
Sincerely,
Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
AWK/cdl
Attachments
cc: Amanda Jones, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Asheville Regulatory Field Office
Winston-Salem DWQ Regional Office
Central Files
Wetlands/401 File Copy
Mr. David Tucker, USDA-NRCS; 134 Government Circle, Suite 102, Jefferson, NC 28640
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9 North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission 9
Richard B. Hamilton, Executive Director
MEMORANDUM
TO: Amanda Jones/Steve Chapin, Permit Coordinators
Asheville Office, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FROM: Ron Linville, Regional Coordinator p r=1 r=nan/]?
Habitat Conservation Program V D
D
DATE: July 25, 2006 AUG 1 1 2006
DENR - WATER QUALITY
SUBJECT: Russell Estes, Roan Creek Restoration, Ashe Counrf"WAND STOIWWATER BRMCH
The applicant is requesting a letter of concurrence from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) to obtain a 404 permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The
NCWRC has reviewed information provided by the applicant, and field biologists on our staff
are familiar with habitat values of the project area. These comments are provided in accordance
with provisions of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 466 et. seq.) and the Fish and
Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-667d).
The proposed restoration is to restore Roan Creek through the Estes property to eliminate the
loss of agricultural property and eliminate sedimentation issues. Current erosion rates are
estimated to be 150 tons annually. The stream restoration will total 480 linear feet of stream.
The project has been designed by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (MRCS) as part of
their Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQUIP). Although Roan Creek is in poor
condition due to fallen banks and livestock, it supports wild trout and is Hatchery Supported
Designated Public Mountain Trout Water. Wild Brown, Rainbow and Brook trout are known for
the area.
Based on the information provided by the applicant and our knowledge of the range of trout in
the project area, we do not believe this project will cause significant effects to waters supporting
trout if reasonably accomplished. Long-term, restoration of the stream should enhance trout
populations within and below the work site. Accordingly, we will not oppose the project as
proposed providing the following conditions are implemented:
Mailing Address: Division of Inland Fisheries - 1721 Mail Service Center - Raleigh, NC 27699-1721
Telephone: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
I
Russell Estes, Roan Creek Restoration -Page 2 -
July 25, 2006
Instream work and land disturbance within the twenty-five (25) foot trout buffer should
be prohibited during the trout spawning season of October 15 through April 15 to protect
the egg and fry stages of trout. Due to site conditions, this moratorium period may be
waived for the first two weeks of October if necessary to complete best management
practices; however, work "in the wet" should not occur after October 15 unless critical to
the project's success.
2. Sediment and erosion control measures should adhere to the design standards for
sensitive watersheds (15A NCAC 4B .0124). Work should be accomplished "in the dry"
to the extent practicable; however, standard natural channel design work may occur in
waters as needed outside the moratorium period.
3. Only autocltthonous plants should be used for bank stabilization and to restore an
undisturbed twenty-five (25) foot trout buffer. Wider buffers are preferred if practicable.
A temporary nursery cover of annual wheat, rye or oats can be used for short-term
stabilization.
4. Buffers should be permanently preserved and protected through conservation easements
or deed restrictions, especially if public funds will be used. Fencing should be provided
if needed to exclude livestock.
Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on this project. If you have any questions
regarding these comments, please contact me at 336/769-9453.
E-copy: Daryl Lamb. DWQ-WSRO
Matthew Gantt, DLR-WSRO
Triage Check List
Date: 8/07/06 Project Name: Russell Estes Restoration Proj. Roan Creels
DWQ#: 06-1202
County: Ashe
Daryl Lamb, Winston-Salem Regional Office
To:
60-day processing time: 7/26/06 - 9/24/06
From: Cyndi Karoly Telephone: [phone]
The file attached is being forwarded to you for your evaluation.
Please call if you need assistance.
? Stream length impacted
? Stream determination
Wetland determination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USFW topo maps
? Minim ization/avoidance issues
? Buffer Rules (Meuse, Tar-Pamlico, Catawba, Randleman)
? Pond fill
Mitigation Ratios
? Ditching
? Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
? Check drawings for accuracy
Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
? Cumulative impact concern
Comments: As per our discussion regarding revision of the triage and delegation processes,
please review the attached file. Note that you are the first reviewer, so this file will need to be
reviewed for administrative as well as technical details. If you elect to place this project on hold,
please ask the applicant to provide your requested information to both the Central Office in
Raleigh as well as the Asheville Regional Office. As we discussed, this is an experimental, interim
procedure as we slowly transition to electronic applications. Please apprise me of any
complications you encounter, whether related to workload, processing times, or lack of a "second
reviewer" as the triage process in Central had previously provided. Also, if you think of ways to
improve this process, especially so that we can plan for the electronic applications, let me know.
Thanks!
United States Department of Agriculture T l l_) Z C. CG 1? G L
o N RCS
Natural Resources Conservation Service
134 Gov't Circle, Suite 102
Jefferson, North Carolina 28640
David Tucker, District Conservationist
Phone: [phone] ext 3
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: david.tucker®nc.usda.gov
^f
Subject: Russell Estes Stream Restoration Project
Ashe County
To: Laurie Dennison
Administrative Assistant °-
DENR-DWQ
Wetlands/401 Unit
Laurie,
The permit type that we are applying for, regarding Russell Estes stream
restoration project is a Nationwide Permit 27.
Thanks David Tucker
District Conservationist
A U G 33 2006
i2ctv',`:CH
Helping People Help the Land
An Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer
RE: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Subject: RE: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
From: "Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC" <[e-mail]>
Date: Wed, 2 Aug 2006 14:16:25 -0500
To: "Laurie Dennison" <[e-mail]>
CC: "Walker, Alan - Waynesville, NC" <[e-mail]>
Laurie,
I mailed you a written response regarding the proper Nationwide 27
Permit that we are requesting from the USAGE. I just received your
letter in the mail. I did not send 5 copies of the letter to you. I
hope this does not hold us up. It is only a short one page letter. I
hope you will make the 5 copies we need at your office.
Thanks David Tucker-USDA-NRCS
n
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Dennison [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Friday, July 28, 2006 9:24 AM
To: Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC
Subject: Re: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Letter was created in MSWord.
Letter will also be coming via US Mail; but what is needed is the Permit
(Nationwide, Regional or General) number. If you don't know, you may
want to contact the USAGE to determine which permit they will state you
should use. I will not able to accept the response via email. For
legal purposes, all responses must be in writing.
Thank you,
Laurie Dennison
Administrative Assistant
DENR-DWQ
Wetlands/401 Unit
Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC wrote:
Cannot open the attached file. Computer does not know what program
created it.
Thanks David
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Dennison [mailto:laurie.j.dennisonancmail.net]
Sent: Friday, July 28, 2006 8:59 AM
To: Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC
Subject: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Please see attached the Division of Water Quality's request for more
information related to your recent application. Please note that this
message is being forwarded to you electronically so that you may
expedite preparation of your response. Please do not send your
response
as a reply to this e-mail or via fax. The hard copy is being sent via
US Mail. All response correspondence is to be mailed via hard copy to
the 401 Oversight and Express Permits Unit, 2321 Crabtree Blvd.,
Raleigh, NC, 27604 unless otherwise noted.
1 of 1 8/2/2006 4:24 PM
FW: Estes Restoration
Subject: FW: Estes Restoration
From: "Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC" <[e-mail]>
Date: Fri, 28 Jul 2006 15:06:45 -0500
To: <[e-mail]>

This is the reply from Amanda Jones with USACE. I will send you a written notification in the mail.
Thanks David Tucker
From: Jones, Amanda D SAW [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Friday, July 28, 2006 3:09 PM
To: Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC
Subject: Estes Restoration
It would be a Nationwide Permit #27.
* * iVe need your feedback
Please take a few seconds to submit a customer satisfaction survey at the link below.
<http://www.saw.usace.army.mil/scripts/rws3.pl?FORM=regulatory>
Amanda D. Jones
Regulatory Specialist
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Asheville Regulatory Field Office
151 Patton Avenue, Room 208
Asheville, NC 28801-5006
828-271-7980 ext. 231
fax: [phone]
1 of 1 7/31/2006 7:16 AM
RE: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Subject: RE: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
From: "Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC" <[e-mail]>
Date: Fri, 28 Jul 2006 09:07:51 -0500
To: "Laurie Dennison" <[e-mail]>
I am waiting on a response from the USACE in regards to the Permit type
and Permit number. I am sure it will be a Nationwide. As soon as we
have it I will send you a hard copy of the information.
Thanks David Tucker District Conservationist
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Dennison (mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Friday, July 28, 2006 9:24 AM
To: Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC
Subject: Re: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Letter was created in MSWord.
Letter will also be coming via US Mail; but what is needed is the Permit
(Nationwide, Regional or General) number. If you don't know, you may
want to contact the USACE to determine which permit they will state you
should use. I will not able to accept the response via email. For
legal purposes, all responses must be in writing.
Thank you,
Laurie Dennison
Administrative Assistant
DENR-DWQ
Wetlands/401 Unit
Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC wrote:
Cannot open the attached file. Computer does not know what program
created it.
Thanks David
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Dennison (mailto:laurie.j.dennison©ncmail.net
Sent: Friday, July 28, 2006 8:59 AM
To: Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC
Subject: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Please see attached the Division of Water Quality's request for more
information related to your recent application. Please note that this
message is being forwarded to you electronically so that you may
expedite preparation of your response. Please do not send your
response
as a reply to this e-mail or via fax. The hard copy is being sent via
US Mail. All response correspondence is to be mailed via hard copy to
the 401 Oversight and Express Permits Unit, 2321 Crabtree Blvd.,
Raleigh, NC, 27604 unless otherwise noted.
1 of 1
7/28/2006 10:13 AM

------ --reeK m,a - --
Subject: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
From: Laurie Dennison <[e-mail]>
Date: Fri 28 Jul 2006 08:59:24 -0400 LA ?I
To: [e-mail]
Please see attached the Division of Water Quality's request for more information
related to your recent application. Please note that this message is being
forwarded to you electronically so that you may expedite preparation of your
response. Please do not send your response as a reply to this e-mail or via fax.
The hard copy is being sent via US Mail. All response correspondence is to be
mailed via hard copy to the 401 Oversight and Express Permits Unit, 2321 Crabtree
Blvd., Raleigh, NC, 27604 unless otherwise noted.
061202REstes_RoanCrkRestoration(Ashe)_NW Content-Type: application/msword
Content-Encoding: base64
I of 1 7/28/2006 9:04 AM
?QF W A TF9p Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
7 North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
July 27, 2006
DWQ Project # 06-1202
Ashe County
CERTIFIED MAIL: RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Russell Estes
Peak Farms
647 C Low Gap Road
Jefferson, North Carolina 28640
Subject Property: Estes: Roan Creels Restoration
Nationwide Permitting Number
® REQUEST FOR MORE INFORMATION
. RETURN OF APPLICATION PACKAGE
Dear Mr. Estes:
On July 26, 2006, the Division of Water Quality (DWQ) received your application dated July 21, 2006 for
the above referenced project. The DWQ has determined that your application was incomplete and/or
provided inaccurate information as discussed below. The DWQ will require additional information in
order to process your application to impact protected wetlands and/or streams on the subject property.
Therefore, unless we receive five copies of the additional information requested below, we will have to
move toward denial of your application as required by 15A NCAC 21-1.0506 and will place this project on
hold as incomplete until we receive this additional information. Please provide the following information
so that we may continue to review your project.
Additional Information Requested:
® Water Quality Certification, See I. Processing, Item 2.. Please state which Permit
(Nationwide, Regional or General) number you intend to use. You may want to contact the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to determine which permit they will allow you to
use.
? DWQ requires the name of an individual shown as "Owner/Applicant" to set up the project.
? The PCN Application failed to contain the Applicant/Agent's Signature and Date. See last
page of application. (Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from applicant is
provided).
? Water Body information not stated. See III Project Information, Item 7.
? Lack of permitting fee. Please note that beginning January 1, 1999, the N.C. General
Assembly passed legislation requiring payment of a fee for all 401 applications. The fee for
applications is $200 for projects impacting less than an acre of wetland and less than 150
401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard, Suite 250, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] / FAX [phone] / Internet: li"l)://h2o.enr.state,nc.us/ncwetlands
None Carolina
Nlura!!y
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer - 50% Recycled/10% Post Consumer Paper

linear feet of streams. For projects impacting one or more acres of wetland or 150 or more
feet of streams, the fee is $475.
? Incorrect permitting fee. Please see above item. Your check # for $ is
herein enclosed.
? A request for a modification of an issued permit requires re-submission of five (5) application
sets and appropriate fee. We have herein returned your modification request.
? Application was missing pages or sections of information. See Other section below.
OTHER:
Please contact the DWQ within three weeks of the date of this letter to verify that you have received this
letter and that you remain interested in continuing to pursue permitting of your project and will be
providing the DWQ the requested information at alater date. Please contact this office in writing. If we
do not hear from you within three weeks, we will assume that you no longer want to pursue this project
and we will consider the project as withdrawn.
This letter only addresses the application review and does not authorize any impacts to wetlands, waters
or protected buffers. Please be aware that any impacts requested within your application are not
authorized (at this time) by the DWQ. Please call Mr. Ian McMillan or Ms. Cyndi Karoly at 919-733-
1786 if you have any questions regarding or would like to set up a meeting to discu,isAhis matter.
S
Cyndi Karoly, Supervisor
401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit
CBK/Ijd
cc: USDA-NRCS, David Tucker, 134 Gov't Circle Ste 102, Jefferson, NC 28640
File Copy
Central Files
Filename: 061202Restes_RoanCrkRestoration(Ashe) MV#
Re: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Subject: Re: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
From: Laurie Dennison <[e-mail]>
Date: Fri, 28 Jul 2006 09:23:50 -0400
To: "Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC" <[e-mail]>
Letter was created in MSWord.
Letter will also be coming via US Mail; but what is needed is the Permit
(Nationwide, Regional or General) number. If you don't know, you may want to
contact the USAGE to determine which permit they will state you should use. I will
not able to accept the response via email. For legal purposes, all responses must
be in writing.
Thank you,
Laurie Dennison
Administrative Assistant
DENR-DWQ
Wetlands/401 Unit
Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC wrote:
Cannot open the attached file. Computer does not know what program
created it.
Thanks David
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Dennison [mailto:laurie.j.dennisonancmail.net] Sent: Friday, July
28, 2006 8:59 AM
To: Tucker, David - Jefferson, NC
Subject: DWQ # 06-1202 R Estes Roan Creek Restoration
Please see attached the Division of Water Quality's request for more information
related to your recent application. Please note that this message is being
forwarded to you electronically so that you may expedite preparation of your
response. Please do not send your response
as a reply to this e-mail or via fax. The hard copy is being sent via US Mail.
All response correspondence is to be mailed via hard copy to the 401 Oversight
and Express Permits Unit, 2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC, 27604 unless
otherwise noted.
1 of 1 7/28/2006 9:24 AM
?OF WATF9 p Michael F. Easley, Governor
`0 0 William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
r North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
-1
p Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
July 27, 2006
DWQ Project # 06-1202
Ashe County
CERTIFIED MAIL: RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Russell Estes
Peak Farms
647 C Low Gap Road
Jefferson, North Carolina 28640
Subject Property: Estes: Roan Creels Restoration
Nationwide Permitting Number
® REQUEST FOR MORE INFORMATION
RETURN OF APPLICATION PACKAGE
Dear Mr. Estes:
On July 26, 2006, the Division of Water Quality (DWQ) received your application dated July 21, 2006 for
the above referenced project. The DWQ has determined that your application was incomplete and/or
provided inaccurate information as discussed below. The DWQ will require additional information in
order to process your application to impact protected wetlands and/or streams on the subject property.
Therefore, unless we receive five copies of the additional information requested below, we will have to
move toward denial of your application as required by 15A NCAC 2H.0506 and will place this project on
hold as incomplete until we receive this additional information. Please provide the following information
so that we may continue to review your project.
Additional Information Requested:
® Water Quality Certification, See I. Processing, Item 2.. Please state which Permit
(Nationwide, Regional or General) number you intend to use. You may want to contact the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to determine which permit they will allow you to
use.
? DWQ requires the name of an individual shown as "Owner/Applicant" to set up the project.
? The PCN Application failed to contain the Applicant/Agent's Signature and Date. See last
page of application. (Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from applicant is
provided).
? Water Body information not stated. See III Project Information, Item 7.
? Lack of permitting fee. Please note that beginning January 1, 1999, the N.C. General
Assembly passed legislation requiring payment of a fee for all 401 applications. The fee for
applications is $200 for projects impacting less than an acre of wetland and less than 150
401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard, Suite 250, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] / FAX [phone] / Internet: http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands
None Carolina
Nturally
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer - 50% Recycled/10% Post Consumer Paper
linear feet of streams. For projects impacting one or more acres of wetland or 150 or more
feet of streams, the fee is $475.
? Incorrect permitting fee. Please see above item. Your check # for $ is
herein enclosed.
? A request for a modification of an issued permit requires re-submission of five (5) application
sets and appropriate fee. We have herein returned your modification request.
? Application was missing pages or sections of information. See Other section below.
OTHER:
Please contact the DWQ within three weeks of the date of this letter to verify that you have received this
letter and that you remain interested in continuing to pursue permitting of your project and will be
providing the DWQ the requested information at a later date. Please contact this office in writing. If we
do not hear from you within three weeks, we will assume that you no longer want to pursue this project
and we will consider the project as withdrawn.
This letter only addresses the application review and does not authorize any impacts to wetlands, waters
or protected buffers. Please be aware that any impacts requested within your application are not
authorized (at this time) by the DWQ. Please call Mr. Ian McMillan or Ms. Cyndi Karoly at 919-733-
1786 if you have any questions regarding or would like to set up a meeting to discuss Alis matter.
CBK/ljd
cc: File Copy
Central Files
Since 1 , ,
Cyndi Karoly, Supervisor
01 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit
Filename: 061202Restes_Ro2nCrkRestoration(Ash e)_MV#
United States Department of Agriculture
MRCS
Natural Resources Conservation Service
134 Gov't Circle, Suite 102
Jefferson, North Carolina 28640
E-mail: david.tucker®nc.usda.gov
1 2 0 2
To: North Carolina Division of Water Quality
From: David Tucker-District Conservationist
USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service )
Subject: Russell Estes Stream Restoration Project
Enclosed are 7 copies of the proposed Stream Restoration for Russell Estes in Ashe
County, North Carolina. Attached to this cover letter is the check for $475.00 for the applicable
fees required. This project is to stabilize and restore Roan Creek through Mr. Estes property to
eliminate loss of agricultural property and to eliminate direct discharge of sediment load into
Roan Creek. The current erosion rate at this site is approximately 150 tons per year. This
project is being done in cooperation with Mr. Estes, the Natural Resource Conservation Service
and the Environmental Quality Incentives Program. If we can be of further assistance please
contact me.
Thanks
David Tucker
District Conservationi t
W-
JUL 2, 6 2006
David Tucker, District Conservationist
1 Phone: [phone] ext 3
Fax: [phone]

Helping People Help the Land
M Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer
DENR - WATER QLMLITY
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Office Use Only: Form Version March 05
u1202
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No. 200
(If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A".)
1. Processing
1. Check all of the approval (s) requested for this project:
? Section 404 Permit ? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
? Section 10 Permit ? Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ
? 401 Water Quality Certification ® Express 401 Water Quality Certification
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: Nationwide 2_7
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP) is proposed
for mitigation of impacts, attach the acceptance letter from NCEEP, complete section VIII,
and check here: ?
5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
Environmental Concern (see the top of page 2 for further details), check here: ?
II. Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: Rus
Mailing Address: 647
??[G aW D
Q
JUL 2 6 2006
Road OENR - WAl tti
?nI
Jefferson, NC 28640
Telephone Number: 336-982-9228 Fax Number:
E-mail Address:
2. Agent/Consultant Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: David Tucker Alan Walker
Company Affiliation: USDA-NRCS USDA-NRCS
Mailing Address: 134 Gov't Circle Suite 102
Jefferson NC 28640
Telephone Number: 336-246-5258 Fax Number: 336-246-6171
E-mail Address:[e-mail]
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 5 of 12
III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project:_ Russell Estes Restoration Project Roan Creek
2. T.I.P. Project Number or State Project Number (NCDOT Only): N/A
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): 14379-198
4. Location
County:_ Ashe County Nearest Town: Jefferson
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number):
Directions to site (include road numbers/names, landmarks, etc.): From Jefferson travel east
on Hwy 88 towards Laurel Springs. Site location is in bottom directly across from where
Low Gap Road turns left off of Hwy 88.
5. Site coordinates (For linear projects, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that
separately lists the coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
Decimal Degrees (6 digits minimum): 36 23'44.56" 4N 81 22'32.20" 4W
6. Property size (acres): 27.459 Acres
7. Name of nearest receiving body of water: Roan Creek
8. River Basin: New River
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
9. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the project
at the time of this application: Stream banks are severely degraded with 5 ft vertical banks.
Property is in agricultural use. See attached pictures.
Updated 111112005
Page 6 of 12
10. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used: Stabilize
Eroding banks using Rosgin Natural stream channel design. See attached diagrams.
Trackhoe with thumb.
11. Explain the purpose of the proposed work:_ Stabilize eroding banks and improve water
quality.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules. N/A ' ,
V. Future Project Plans
Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application.
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. Each impact must be
listed separately in the tables below (e.g., culvert installation should be listed separately from
riprap dissipater pads). Be sure to indicate if an impact is temporary. All proposed impacts,
permanent and temporary, must be listed, and must be labeled and clearly identifiable on an
accompanying site plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial)
should be shown on a delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems.
Wetland and stream evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate.
Photographs may be included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for
wetland or stream mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional
space is needed for listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Provide a written description of the proposed impacts: Placement of large rock and
Tree trunks with rootwads at locations noted on attached plans. Restabilizing banks by
Reshaping and installing a bankfull bench. Proposed length of work is 480 feet.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 7 of 12
2. Individually list wetland impacts. Types of impacts include, but are not limited to
mechanized clearing, grading, fill, excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams,
separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
Wetland Impact
Site Number

(indicate on map)
Type of Impact Type of Wetland
(e.g., forested, marsh,

herbaceous, bog, etc.) Located within
100-year
Floodplain
loodp a Distance to
Nearest
Stream
(linear feet) Area of
Impact
(acres)

Total Wetland Impact (acres)
3. List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property: N/A
4. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts. Be sure to identify temporary
impacts. Stream impacts include, but are not limited to placement of fill or culverts, dam
construction, flooding, relocation, stabilization activities (e.g., cement walls, rip-rap, crib
walls, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is proposed,
plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams
must be included. To calculate acreage, multiply length X width. then divide by 43.56()_
Stream Impact
Number
(indicate on map)
Stream Name
Type of Impact Perennial or
Intermittent? Average
Stream Width
Before Impact Impact
Length
(linear feet) Area of
Impact
(acres)
See map Roan Creek See plans perennial 5 480 <1 Ac

Total Stream Impact (by length and acreage) 480 < 1 Ac
5. Individually list all open water impacts (including lakes, ponds, estuaries, sounds, Atlantic
Ocean and any other water of the U.S.). Open water impacts include, but are not limited to
fill, excavation, dredging, flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on map) Name of Vaterbody
(if applicable)
Type of Impact Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound, bay,
ocean, etc.) Area of
Impact
(acres)

Total Open Water Impact (acres)
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 8 of 12
6. List t
he cumulative impact to all Waters of the U.S. resulting from the project:
Stream Impact (acres): < 1 Ac
Wetland Impact (acres):
Open Water Impact (acres):
Total Impact to Waters of the U.S. (acres)
Total Stream Impact (linear feet): 480
7. Isolated Waters
Do any isolated waters exist on the property? ? Yes ® No
Describe all impacts to isolated waters, and include the type of water (wetland or stream) and
the size of the proposed impact (acres or linear feet). Please note that this section only
applies to waters that have specifically been determined to be isolated by the USACE.
8. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Current land use in the vicinity of the pond:
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
See attached Construction Specifications
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 9 of 12
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on January 15, 2002, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCEEP concurrence shall be placed on hold as incomplete.
An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration in DWQ's
Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwet]ands/strmgide.html.
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
This project is a restoration project which will be creating and enhancing riparian areas
And aquatic habitat.
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement
Program (NCEEP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCEEP at
[phone] to determine availability, and written approval from the NCEEP indicating
that they are will to accept payment for the mitigation must be attached to this form. For
additional information regarding the application process for the NCEEP, check the NCEEP
website at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/wrp/index.htm. If use of the NCEEP is proposed, please
check the appropriate box on page five and provide the following information:
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet):
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet):
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 10 of 12
IX. Environmental Documentation (required by DWQ)
1. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state/local) funds or the use of
public (federal/state) land? Yes ® No ?
2. If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ? No
3. If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please
attach a copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter. Yes ? No ?
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (required by DWQ)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
1. Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 213 .0233
(Neuse), 15A NCAC 2B.0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 02B .0243 (Catawba) 15A NCAC
2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please
identify )? Yes ? No
2. If "yes", identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers.
If buffer mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the
buffer multipliers.
Zone* •...F Multiplier nuquireu
(square feet) Mitigation
1 3 (2 for Catawba)
2 1.5
Total
* Gone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from the top of the near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
3. If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e.,
Donation of Property, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, or Payment into the
Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as identified
within 15A NCAC 213.0242 or.0244, or.0260.
N/A
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 11 of 12
XI. Stormwater (required by DWQ)
Describe impervious acreage (existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site. Discuss
stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands downstream from
the property. If percent impervious surface exceeds 20%, please provide calculations
demonstrating total proposed impervious level. N/A
XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
XIII. Violations (required by DWQ)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H.0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application? Yes ? No
XIV. Cumulative Impacts (required by DWQ)
Will this project (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in additional
development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality? Yes ? No
If yes, please submit a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact analysis in accordance with
the most recent North Carolina Division of Water Quality policy posted on our website at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetIands. If no, please provide a short narrative description:
XV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
Due to extensive erosion and loss of creek bank the stream is beginning to impact horticultural
Products. Due to the trout moratorium this project needs to be completed before October.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 12 of 12
Applicant/Agent's Signature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
Russell Estes Restoration Project
Roan Creek
Ashe County
Background Information
Roan Creek is a tributary of the South Fork of the New River. Roan Creek has problems scattered
up and down its length associated with streambank erosion. The excessive streambank erosion in
this stream is typical of a stream that has been straightened years ago, lost riparian vegetation and is
also partially incised. The typical stream one would expect to find in this valley type would be a
meandering stream made up of riffles and pools. The stream in this area is experiencing down valley
migration of the meander bend. The stream has a large transverse bar at the downstream end of a
uncharacteristically long pool that is directing the stress into the outside bank contributing to the
downstream migration of the meander. This stream would typically reach the bankfull flow every
1.3 -1.5 years. This storm event would place water flow at or near the top of the low bank. Storm
events or flows greater than the 1.3 - 1.5 year storm would spill over onto the floodplain of the
stream. The stream in this reach would be classified as a "Type C" stream. The erosion rate along
this section of Roan Creek exceeds 155 tons/year.
Field Measurements & Observations
The portion of Roan Creek evaluated is approximately 800 feet long. The section of the stream that
will be reworked and stabilized is approximately 480 feet. The transverse bar and subsequent down
valley migration of the meander is causing excessive stream bank erosion along the left bank. The
stream is widening along this section and is increasing the width/depth ratio. The higher width ratio
has a negative impact on sediment transport causing the stream to aggrade in this reach.
Proposed Solutions
The solution proposed along this reach is as follows:
• Install three (3) cross-vanes to develop proper width
• Install six (6) j-hook, log-vane, root wad combination structures
• Develop a bankfull bench on the left bank along this section of stream
• Develop a riparian area along both banks with desirable species to provide long term
stabilization of the stream
The proposed solution on this project is based on survey data collected by local and area NRCS staff.
Restoring this section of stream will greatly decrease the amount of sediment leaving this stream.
Other benefits to this stream will include the development of a forested riparian buffer along the
stream to improve water quality, lower stream temperatures, and improve aquatic habitat.
The attached drawings and design information are provided for your information. If you have
additional questions please give me a call.
Alan Walker
Resource Conservationist
Waynesville Area Office
[phone] Ext. 5
Page lof 1
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXISTING AND PROPOSED
CHANNEL WITH REFERENCE REACH DATA
(After Rosgen, 1996)
Restoration Site (Name of stream & location): Roan Creek, Ashe County, NC
Reference Reach (Name of stream & location): N. Prong South Fork New River, Surry County
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH REACH
1. Stream type C4 C4 C4
2. Drainage area 5.0 5.0 2.2
(s q. mi.
3. Bankfull width Mean: 28 Mean: 27 Mean: 16.3
(Wbkf) - ft.
Range: Range: Range:
4. Bankfull mean Mean: 1.7 Mean: 1.85 Mean: 1.5
depth (dbkf) - ft-
Range: Range: Range:
5. Width/depth Mean: 16.4 Mean: 14.5 Mean: 11
ratio (Wbkf/dbkf)
Range: Range: Range:
6. Bankfull cross- Mean: 47 Mean: 50 Mean: 24.8
sectional area
Abkf - s q. ft. Range: Range: Range:
7. Bankfull mean Mean: 4.3 Mean: 4.0 Mean: 4.0
velocity (vbkr) - f/s
Range: Range: Range:
8. Bankfull discharge, 200 200 107
cfs (Abkf
9. Bankfull Mean: 2.8 Mean: 2.7 Mean: 2.15
Maximum depth
(d,11 1) ft. Range: Range: 2.6 - 2.8 Range: 2.1 - 2.2
10. Max d,;ff/dbkf ratio Mean: Mean: 1.45 Mean: 1.45
Ran e: Range: 1.4 - 1.5 Ran e: 1.4 - 1.5
11. Riffle Length (L,;ff) Mean: Mean: 35 Mean: 33.2
- ft. Range: Range: 11 - 70 Range: 7.6 - 81
12. Ratio riffle length Mean: Mean: 1.3 Mean: 2
to bkf width Range: Range: 0.4 - 2.6 Range: 0.5 - 4.9
Leff /Wbkf
13. Low bank height Mean: 1.2 Mean: 1.0 Mean: 1.0
to max. dbkf ratio Range: Range: Range:
14. Width of Mean: 65 Mean: 100 Mean: 202.5
flood prone area
w, a - ft. Range: Range: Range:
15. Entrenchment Mean: 2.3 Mean: 3.7 Mean: 12.4
ratio (Wfaa/Wbkf) Range: Range: Range: 9.8 - 15
Page 1 of 5 07/14/06
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH REACH
16. Meander length Mean: Mean: Mean:
(Lm) - ft. Range: Range: Range:
17. Ratio of Mean: Mean: Mean:
meander length
to bankfull Range: Range: Range:
width Lm/Wbkf
18. Radius of Mean: Mean: Mean:
curvature (Rc) -
ft. Range: Range: Range:
19. Ratio of radius Mean: Mean: Mean:
of curvature to
bankfull width Range: Range: Range:
Rc/Wbkf
20. Belt width (Wb,t) Mean: Mean: Mean:

Range: Range: Range:
21. Meander width Mean: Mean: Mean:
ratio (Wblt/Wbkf) . ,
Range: Range: Range:
22. Sinuosity = k 1.3 1.3 1.7
(Stream Lengththalweg/
valley distance
23. Valley slope 0.0084 0.0084 0.0153
ft/ft
24. Average water 0.006 0.006 0.009
surface slope-ft/ft
Sav = Svalle k
25. Pool slope Mean: 0.00017 Mean: 0.0009 Mean: 0.00373
(spool) - ft/ft
Range: Range: Range:
26. Ratio of pool Mean: Mean: 0.15 Mean: 0.4
slope to
average slope Range: Range: 0.1 - 0.2 Range: 0.1 - 0.7
S ool/Sbkf
27. Maximum Mean: Mean: 4.2 Mean: 3.3
pool depth
d max col - ft. Range: Range: 3.8 - 4.4 Range:
28. Ratio of pool Mean: Mean: 2.2 Mean: 2.2
depth to
average Range: Range: 1.8 - 3.0 Range: 1.8 - 3.0
bankfull depth
dmax ool/dbkf
29. Pool width Mean: Mean: 30 Mean: 17.9
W ool - ft. Range: Range: Range:
30. Ratio of pool Mean: Mean: 1.1 Mean: 1.1
width to
bankfull width Range: Range: Range: 0.9 - 1.15
W col/Wbkf
31. Pool Area - sq ft Mean: Mean: 75 Mean: 36.2
Aoool Range: Range: Range: 35.3 - 37.1
Page 2 of 5 07/14/06
I
I
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH REACH
32. Ratio of Pool Mean: Mean: 1.5 Mean: 1.5
Area to Bankfull
Area A ool/Abkf Range: Range: 1.4 - 1.5 Range: 1.4 - 1.5
33. Pool to pool Mean: 168 Mean: 113 - 216 Mean: 97.5
spacing (p-p) -
ft. Range: 65 - 280 Range: 165 Range: 68.3 -127.4
34. Ratio of p-p Mean: 6 Mean: 6 Mean: 6
spacing to
bankfull width Range: 2.4 - 10.4 Range: 4.2 - 8 Range: 4.2 - 7.8
' /Wbkf
35. Pool length (LPool) Mean: 102 Mean: 45 Mean: 17.4
- ft. Range: 43 - 234 Range:30 - 56 Range: 7.7 - 32.6.
36. Ratio of Pool Mean: 3.8 Mean: 1.6 Mean: 1.1
length to
bankfull width Range: 1.6 - 8.7 Range: 0.5 - 2.2 Range: 0.5 - 2.2
L ool/Wbkf
37. Avg, riffle slope Mean: 0.029 Mean: 0.012 Mean: 0.0126
snff- ft./ft. Range: 0.022 - 0.034 Range: 0.009 - 0.015 Range:
38. Ratio of riffle Mean: 4.8 Mean: 2 Mean: 1.35
slope to avg.
slope stiff/sav Range: 3.6 - 5.7 Range: 1.3 - 2.2 Range:
39. Avg, run slope Mean: 0.025 Mean: 0.009 Mean:
ft/ft Range: 0.003 - 0.076 Range: 0.008 - 0.013 Range:
40. Ratio of run Mean: 4.2 Mean: 1.6 Mean: 1.6
slope to avg
sloe srun/sav Range: 0.5 -12.7 Range: 1.4 - 2.2 Range:
41. Avg. glide slope Mean: 0.007 Mean: 0.0012 Mean: 0.0054
ft/ft Range: 0.004 - 0.009 Range: 0.009 - 0.0018 Range:
42. Ratio of glide Mean: 1.2 Mean: 0.2 Mean: 0.2
slope to avg
slope s lide/Sav Range: 0.6 - 1.5 Range: 0.15 - 0.3 Range:
43. Max run depth Mean: 3.2 Mean: 3.3 Mean: 2.7
dn,ax run - ft. Range: 2.9 - 3.6 Range: 2.9 - 4 Range:
44. Ratio of max. run Mean: 1.8 Mean: 1.8 Mean: 1.8
depth to mean bkf
depth dmax run/dbkf Range: 1.7 - 2.1 Range: 1.6 - 2.2 Range: 1.6 - 2.2
45. Run width (Wmn) Mean: Mean: 27 Mean: 21.3
- ft. Range: Range: 22 - 30 Range:
46. Run width to Mean: Mean: 1.0 Mean: 1.3
bankfull width Range: Range: 0.8 - 1,1 Range:
ratio Wn,n/Wbkf
47. Mean run depth Mean: Mean: Mean:
dn,n ft. Range: Range: Range:
48. Run w/d ratio Mean: Mean: Mean:
wn,n/dNn Range: Range: Range:
49. Ratio of run w/d Mean: Mean: Mean:
to riffle w/d Range: Range: Range:
50. Run length (Ln,n) Mean: Mean: 13.5 Mean:
Range: Range: 5 - 22 Range:
Page 3 of 5 07/14/06
VARIABLES EXISTING I CHANNEL REACH PROPOSED I REREACHCE
51. Ratio of run Mean: Mean: 0.5 Mean: 0.5
length to bankfull Range: Range: 0.2 - 0.8 Range: 0.2 - 0.8
width Lrun/Wbkf
52. Max. glide depth Mean: Mean: 3.0 Mean:
drnax fide - ft. Range: Range: 2.6 - 3.3 Range:
53. Ratio of max. Mean: Mean: 1.1 Mean: 1.1
glide depth to
mean bkf depth Range: Range: 0.9 - 1.2 Range: 0.9 - 1.2
dmax lid,./dbkf
54. Glide width Mean: Mean: 32 Mean:
w aide - ft. Range. Range: 27 - 35 Range:
55. Ratio of glide Mean: Mean: 1.2 Mean: 1.2
width to bankfull Range: Range: 1.0 - 1.3 Range: 1.0 - 1.3
width W lide/Wbkf
56. Glide mean Mean: Mean: Mean:
depth d lide - ft. Range: Range: Range:
57. Glide w/d ratio Mean: Mean: Mean:
W lide/d tide Range: Range: Range:
58. Ratio of glide w/d Mean: Mean: Mean:
to riffle w/d Range: Range: Range:
59. Glide length Mean: Mean: 24 Mean:
L fide - ft. Range: Range: 11 - 32 Range:
60. Ratio of glide Mean: Mean: 0.9 Mean: 0.9
length to bankfull
width L lide/Wbkf Range: Range: 0.4 - 1.2 Range: 0.4 - 1.2
61. Riffle thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (shffTw) Range: Range: Range:
- ft/ft
62. Run thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (Srun-rW) Range: Range: Range:
- ft/ft (Note: Run reach that
goes into ool
63. Glide thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (sglideTW) Range: Range:
- ft/ft Range:
64. Pool entrance Mean: Mean: Mean:
thalweg slope
(Spool TW entrance) Range: Range: Range:
- ft/ft
65. Pool exit thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (SpoolTW exit)
- ft/ft Range: Range: Range:
- " Ill 1\um vi us. of Enrougn oz are for use witn a CAD system.
Remarks:
Page 4 of 5 07/14/06
I
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
I CHANNEL REACH REACH
MATERIALS:
1. Particle Size
Distribution of
Channel Material
mm
D is 5.7 mm 5.7 mm 1.0 mm
D 35 27.3 mm 27.3 mm 16.0 mm
D 5o 53.1 mm 53.1 mm 26.0 mm
D 84 152 mm 152 mm 56.9 mm
D 95 231 mm 231 mm 128.0 mm
2. Particle Size
Distribution of
Bar Material mm EXISTING
CHANNEL PROPOSED
. REACH REFERENCE
REACH
D 16
D 35
D 5o
D 84
D 95
Largest size particle
at, the toe (lower third)
of bar mm
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT VALIDATION
(BASED ON BANKFULL SHEAR STRESS)
Existing Condition
Proposed Condition
Bankfull shear stress - Calculated value (Ib/ft) 0.62 0.62
Critical shear stress - Value from Shields Diagram(lb/ft )
OR Grain Diameter from Shields Diagram (mm)
Relation adjusted to include field data 38mm/100mm 38mm/100mm
Critical dimensionless shear stress 0.02
Minimum mean dbkf calculated using critical
dimensionless shear stress equations 1.9
I
These val a tiosl ere Icul e d proposed by:
Name: = Location: Title: QG ?c:StYZvtiZ-??- Date:
o[.P
J
Page 5 of 5 07/14/06
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
ROOT WAD - LOG VANE-J-HOOK COMBINATION
1) SCOPE
This specification covers the installation of Root Wad - Log Vane-J-Hook Combination
Structures at locations as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
• Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
• Provide soil cover during the establishment of woody vegetation
• Provide aquatic and terrestrial habitat
• This practice does not apply to streams that are highly entrenched.
3) DEFINITIONS
ROOT WADS -Trees that have been uprooted with as much of the root system intact as possible
with a stem fourteen to twenty feet long. (See Fig 1)
LOG VANE - A log, fourteen to twenty feet long placed at an angle of 20 to 30 degrees off the
bank and at a slope of 5 to 7 percent. (See Fig 1)
J-HOOK - A rock vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The hook provides
additional habitat. (See fig. 2) May included a sill (See fig. 3) which continues
across the stream bed from the hook portion of the structure, perpendicular to
the flow and follows the shape and elevation of the stream bed and stream bank
up to interberm or as directed by the, engineer.
ENGINEER - The USDA-NRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.
STREAM BANK - Portions of intermittent or perennial stream banks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.
BANKFULL - The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank". Persons
who have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.
4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
USDA-NRCS page 1 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
Root wads are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before structures are installed. The use of root
wads without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream will most likely
result in failure.
5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared and approved prior to the beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
root wads
• A chain saw shall be available on site during construction
• All required safety equipment shall be available during construction. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, chain saw chaps, gloves, and eye and hearing
protection.
7) SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on-site to supervise and inspect each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours before installation is performed.
S) INSTALLATION
Excavate a trench into the bank to embed the stem of the root wad. Excavate an area in the
stream bed and stream bank to provide for excess root mass. Excavate a trench in the stream bed
to embed the upper part of the log vane. Install root wad and log vane, cable together at the
intersection of the two root masses. Install rock for "J-Hook" (must have footer rocks). All
excavation will be performed at the location, elevation, and orientation and to the dimensions as
directed by the engineer. (See figure 1)
The streambank shall be sloped to 1 %2 :1 or flatter from the top of the root wad stem at the
junction with the root system to the top of the bank.
Equipment which appears to be leaking fluids shall be removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is repaired and confirmed that no leaks exist.
USDA-NRCS page 2 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
9) MATERIALS
• LOGS WITH ATTACHED ROOT MASS:
• LENGTH OF IN BANK TREE - The stem shall be of sufficient length so that a
minimum of 12 feet is placed into well consolidated soil plus approximately 2 feet of
protrusion from the streambank for attachment of the log vane portion of the structure. If
Root Wads are placed in front of fresh fill material, the width of the fill material must be
added to the minimum length to find the required total stem length. The stem length
which passes through fresh fill material shall not exceed 1/3 of the total stem length.
• LENGTH OF LOG VANE TREE - The stem shall be of sufficient length so the vane
may be installed a slope of 7 percent or less and have approximately 1/3 of the total
length of stem buried into the streambed at the upstream end.
• DIAMETER - The minimum diameter of the stem measured at a point 4 '/z feet from the
uppermost root shall be 8 inches unless otherwise specified in the ITEMS OF WORK.
• FORM - The stem shall be as straight as possible for the entire length. Log Vane Trees
may not have bows and/or other deformities which will cause a concentration of flow at
any point along the section of stem which is exposed to stream flow. The stem shall not
exhibit an unusual degree of taper. Forks should be avoided on In Bank Trees except
where soil conditions mandate trenching, and are prohibited on Log Vane Trees except
within the portion which will be buried in the streambed.
• SPECIES - Tree species shall be selected that exhibit rot resistant, and have dense,
relatively large root masses. Maple, Sycamore, and Hemlock are some of the possible
choices.
• HANDLING - Trees shall be removed, transported, and installed in such a manner as to
preserve as much of the root mass as possible. Excess soil shall be removed from the
root mass before installation into the stream, in a manner which does not damage the
roots. Extreme care should be used during the installation process to avoid root mass
damage.
• HARVEST SITE - Trees shall not be harvested from within the riparian area except
where associated stream restoration activities require the removal of the tree. Trees
which are harvested from within the riparian area shall not be removed without the
approval of the on-site engineer. Trees should not be harvested from areas that are steep
enough to cause the stem to have grown skewed to the root mass. Care should be taken
during and after the harvesting process to not allow erosion of the harvest site. The
harvest site should be filled, smoothed and seeded immediately after removal of the tree.
Seeding species shall be in keeping with surrounding vegetation or as otherwise directed
in the ITEMS OF WORK or by the on-site engineer.
• QUALITY - Trees may be rejected by the on-site engineer if they are split, broken,
decaying, or otherwise exhibit faults which will cause the service life of the structure to
be less than the time required to establish permanent woody vegetation with sufficient
root systems to protect the streambank.
CABLES shall be a minimum of 5/8 inch unless otherwise specified in the ITEMS OF
WORK. Cables shall be clamped at a minimum of two places with U-Bolt style cable
clamps designed for the size and type of cable used. It is recommended that Skidder Chokers
with loops formed on one end be used to cable the two stems together. The cable shall
encompass the two stems between the two root masses at the stump portion of the stem.
USDA-NRCS page 3 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
Skidder Chokers should be a minimum of 20 feet long unless otherwise specified in the
ITEMS OF WORK.
J-HOOK ROCKS - The rocks shall be a minimum of 3.5' x 2' x 2' unless otherwise
specified in the ITEMS OF WORK.
VEGETATION shall be in accordance to the Vegetation Specifications for the project.
USDA-NRCS page 4 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
10) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES
• ROCK VANES, CROSS VANES, J HOOKS, LOG VANES and related instream structures
planned as an integral component of the natural stream channel restoration design.
• CRITICAL AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas.
• WOODY VEGETATION shall be established on the sloped bank above bankfull and on top
of the bank.
• RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER should be considered.
• LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be installed if livestock are pastured in the area.
11) FIGURES
Figures attached to this specification illustrate the placement and orientation of the root wads.
Figures are as follows:
Figure 1- Root Wad Cross Section
Figure 2 - Root Wad Plan View
12) ITEMS OF WORK
Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction
details therefore are:
a) Construct stream stabilization measures at the Estes site on Roan Creek/River in the
Community in Ashe County at the locations as shown on the construction drawings
and/or as directed by the on-site Engineer.
b) Ingress and egress of equipment and materials shall be only at locations and through routes as
approved by the Engineer.
c) Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install 6 Root Wad - Log Vane-J-
Hook Combination Structures.
d) Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to seed all disturbed areas, which will
be approximately 0.75 acres.
e) Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.
f) Provide all necessary safety equipment.
USDA-NRCS page 5 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
Slope existing bank
J-Hook Rock
Cable onnec
141-20'
-?
Y?
Stream bed
Figure 1
Root Wad
Cross Section
(after Rosgen)
USDA-NRCS page 6 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
\ Cable Connect
Scour Hole'
Figure 2
Root Wad
Plan View
(after Rosgen)
USDA-NRCS page 7 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
INSTREAM STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED OF ROCK
1) SCOPE
This specification covers the installation of Rock Vanes, J-Hooks, and Cross Vanes at locations
as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
o Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
o Provide aquatic habitat
0 Cross Vanes may be used for grade control
3) DEFINITIONS
ROCK VANE - A deflective structure installed pointing upstream, beginning at bankfull sloping
down to the streambed. The angle at which the vane points upstream from the
bank shall be 20-30 degrees. The slope of the top surface of the vane will be 5-7
percent. The vane should extend from the bank to approximately 1/3 of channel
width. (See fig. 1)
J-HOOK - A rock vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The hook provides
additional habitat. (See fig. 2)
CROSS VANE - A rock vane from both sides of the stream with a connecting bar on the
streambed. If this structure is used for grade control, the existing streambed
elevation may be increased by no more than 10 percent of bankfull, unless a
greater increase is provided for in the approved design. (See fig. 3)
ENGINEER - The USDA-NRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.
STREAMBANK - portions of intermittent or perennial streambanks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.
BANKFULL - The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank". Persons
who have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.
THALWEG -
The deepest part of the channel where the highest channel velocities occur.
USDA-NRCS page 1 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
These structures are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before structures are installed. The use of rock
structures without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream will most
likely result in failure.
5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared and approved prior to the beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
the rocks
• All required safety equipment shall be available during construction. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, gloves, and eye and hearing protection.
7) SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on-site to supervise and inspect each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours' before installation is performed.
8) INSTALLATION
• The engineer shall place a marker at the point where the last rock of the structure will meet
the streambed. This marker shall be set at a point, which represents the planned angle from
bankfull and the planned slope of the structure. The engineer should check to see if this point
is approximately 1/3 of the total channel width.
• Holes for footer rocks shall be excavated in the streambed at the location, elevation and
orientation as directed by the engineer.
• A footer rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed in the hole.
Multiple footer rocks may be required, at the discretion of the engineer or as provided for in
the approved plan.
• A structure rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed on top of
the footer rock.
USDA-NRCS page 2 of Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
• Streambed material will be removed as directed by the engineer if it is required to move the
thalweg of the stream to the point of the structure.
• Streambed material shall be placed on the upstream side of the structure near the bank.
• Equipment shall be operated from the streambank whenever possible.
• Equipment which appears to be leaking fluids shall be removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is repaired and confirmed that no leaks exist.
9) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES
• ROOT WADS and related instream structures planned as an integral component of the
natural stream channel restoration design.
• CRITICAL AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas.
• WOODY VEGETATION shall be established on the sloped bank above bankfull and on top
of the bank.
• RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER should be considered.
• LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be installed if livestock are pastured in the area.
10) FIGURES
Figures attached to this specification illustrate the placement and orientation of the various
instream rock structures which may be included in the plan. Figures are as follows:
Figure 1 - Rock Vane
Figure 2 - J Hook
figure 3 - Cross Vane
11) ITEMS OF WORK
Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction
details therefore are:
a. Construct stream stabilization measures at the Estes site on Roan Creek in Ashe County at
the locations as shown on the construction drawings and as directed by the Engineer.
b. Ingress and egress of equipment and materials shall be only at locations and through routes
as approved by the Engineer.
c. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install 3 Cross Vane(s) which
will require approximately 180 rocks.
d. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to seed all disturbed areas, which
will be approximately 0.75 acres.
USDA-NRCS page 3 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
e. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to establish permanent woody vegetation. The woody
vegetation shall consist of: See Attached Information
number species
number species
number
species
f. Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.
Angle
USDA-NRCS
North Carolina
page 4 of 5 Rock Structures
August 1999
T
Angle
degrees)

ok
liew
Slope
in percent)
J Hook
Cross Section
Figure 2
(after Rosgen)
Slope
(in percent)
Cross Vane
Cross Section
Figure 3
(after Rosgen)
USDA-NRCS page 5 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
Streamside Woody Vegetation Establishment
This work consist of securing and planting permanent woody vegetation using rooted stock, unrooted stock and
on site transplants.
Care and Handling
Planting stock should be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Roots of bareroot stock shall be kept
moist during planting operations. Container or potted stock shall be kept moist at all times. The root balls of
transplanted stock must be kept moist.
Site Preparation
Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored. On recently graded sites use
temporary seedings, anchored mulch or erosion control fabrics to provide surface protection until woody
vegetation becomes established. Sod may be killed-by non-selective herbicides the year previous to planting
stock (follow all federal, state and local regulations in the use of herbicides). When hand planting; scalp an area
at least 3 feet in diameter and 24 inches deep. Place plant in the center of the scalped area. On sites where
equipment cannot be operated safely and there are concerns about potential erosion use a non-selective herbicide
to kill vegetation in a 36 inch wide circle or 36 inch wide strip and plant in the center of the killed vegetation. If
the site is a row crop site, reasonably free of weeds, plant stock in the stubble without prior preparation. Sites
with undesirable brush will need initial treatments to facilitate planting and follow-up treatments to prevent
reencroachment. • .
Planting
Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally growing. Plant rooted stock in a vertical
position with the root collar approximately %2 inch below the soil surface. The planting trench or hole must be
deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread out and down without J-rooting. Insert dormant cuttings
to the depth required to reach adequate soil moisture, leaving 2 to 3 buds above ground. After planting pack soil
around each plant firmly to remove air pockets.
Plant List
Plant Types/
Mature Height
Shrubs, less than 10
Feet in height
Shrubs and trees from
10 to 25 feet in height
Plant to Plant Spacin Plant List
# Per Acre
#Per 1000 Sq. Ft.
3 to 6 feet *Buttonbush, *#`Bankers' Dwarf Willow
1210-4840 *Elderberry, Highbush Blueberry,
28-110 Hazelnut
6 to 8 feet Alder, Deciduous Holly, Crabapple,
680-1742 Red Chokeberry, *Silky Dogwood,
15-28 *Silky Willow, Spicebush,
*#`Streamco' Willow, Serviceberry,
Washington Hawthorne, Witch Hazel
Trees greater than 25 8 to 12 feet Black Cherry, *Black Willow,
Feet in height 302-680 Green Ash, Red Maple, River Birch
7-15 Sycamore, Yellow Poplar, Black Walnut
Persimmon
NOTES: * = Plants suitable for use as dormant cuttings, space cuttings 1.5-2.5 feet apart, 160-
445 cuttings per 1000 sq. ft. or 6970-19360 cuttings per acre;
# = Non-native plants; Plants listed in bold have wildlife value
Streamside Herbaceous Vegetation Specifications
The work shall consist of preparing the area, furnishing and placing seed, sprigs, sod mats, mulch,
fertilizer, inoculate, soil amendments and anchoring mulch in the designated areas as specified;
streambanks, access areas and other areas disturbed by construction activities.
Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be adequately loosened and smoothed.
Disking or cultipacking or both may be necessary. On sites where equipment cannot operate safely, the
seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide a roughened surface so that seed will stay in place.
If seeding is done immediately following construction, seedbed preparation may not be required except on
compacted, polished or freshly cut areas.
Fertilizing
Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded. Uniformly mix lime and fertilizer into the
top 3 inches of the soil. Where surface materials are predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation
is required. Apply lime and fertilizer according to soil test results or at the following rates.
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Lime 50-1001bs. 1-2 tons
10-10-10 Fertilizer 9-12 lbs. 4-500 lbs.
Sod Mats . .
Strip and stockpile mats of existing desirable herbaceous vegetation. Insure that several inches of sod
remains attached to the vegetation. The root systems must remain moist while the vegetation is stockpiled.
Place the mats on the lower bank slopes and anchor in place.
Seeding
Temporary Seeding - Use where needed for erosion and pollution control, when permanent
vegetation cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established.
Fall, Winter, Spring Seeding Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Oats 2 lbs. 3 bu.
Wheat 2 lbs. 3 bu.
Summer Seeding
Sudangrass 1 lb. 35-45 lbs.
Browntop Millet 1 lb. 30-401bs.
Permanent Seeding - Use in combination with woody plantings on the upslope side of the riparian
planting. Spring planting time is ideal for native perennial warm season grasses. These grasses should be
used when enhancing wildlife habitat is a goal of the riparian planting. Spring planted seed should be
treated with a cold wet chill process to maximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a
lightly sowed cool season annual to hold the soil and do not need the wet chill process. To improve wildlife
habitat existing stands of fescue can be killed using an appropriate herbicide and warm season grasses can
be no-till planted into the sod. Omit fertilizer when establishing native grasses, fertilizer can be applied the
second year to improve the stand.
Fall, Spring Seeding Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Tall Fescue 1 lb. 50 lbs.
-Native warm season grasses-
Big, Little or Broomsedge Bluestein 0.2 lbs. PLS (pure live seed) 5 lbs. PLS
Eastern Gamma Grass or Switchgrass 0.5 lb. PLS 10 lbs. PLS
Mulchinr
Mulching should be performed within 48 hours of seeding. Grain straw mulch should be applied on seeded
areas at a rate of 3 bales per 1000 square feet or 1.5 tons per acre. Apply mulch uniformly. Anchor mulch
with a mulch crimper, asphalt tackifier or appropriate mulch netting.
Seeding and Planting Guidelines 07/13/06
Riparian Seeding and Planting Guidelines
These guidelines will provide the methods to be used for reestablishing riparian vegetation.
They will include seedbed preparation, nutrient enhancement, temporary seeding, permanent
seeding, and erosion control. Methodology for planting sod mats, live stakes, and trees will also
be presented.
Herbaceous Ve?etation
Sod mats
Prior to sloping stream banks within easement areas the sod on these banks will be removed.
Mats should be deep enough to contain a majority of the roots. These mats should be stockpiled
for later use. After banks are sloped the mats should be placed from the bankfull elevation down
to the normal water line or onto the interberm feature. Mats should be laid as close to one
another as possible and pushed into the under laying soil. Openings between mats should be
filled with soil and seeded with temporary seed mix. Mats should be fertilized at a rate of 25 lbs.
per 1000 sq. ft. and watered using a pump or by dipping water out of the creek with a clean
track-hoe bucket
Seed
Seedbed Preparation: On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be
adequately loosened and smoothed. This may require disking and dragging. On sites where
equipment cannot operated safely, the seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide
a roughened surface so that seed will stay in place. If seeding is done immediately following
construction, seedbed preparation may be required only on areas where heavy equipment has
caused compaction of the ground.
Fertilizing: Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded using a tractor
mounted fertilizer spreader or with a hand held fertilizer spreader. Uniformly mix lime and
fertilizer into the top 3 inches of the soil using a drag of hand rake. Where surface materials
are predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation is required. Apply lime and fertilizer
according to soil test or at the following rates.
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Lime 100 lbs. 2 ton
18-46-00 Fertilizer* 12 lbs. 500 lbs.
Seeding: *(half of fertilizer will be applied in fall at planting and other half in spring)
Temporary seeding - Use where needed for erosion control, when permanent vegetation
cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established. Apply the following vegetation at the
listed rates.
4
Seeding and Planting Guidelines
Fall, Winter, and Spring Seeding
07/13/06
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Japanese Millet %2 lb. 20 lbs.
Winter Wheat 1 lbs. 40 lbs.
Summer Seeding
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Sudangrass 1 lb. 40 lbs.
Browntop Millet 1. lb. 40 lbs.
Permanent Seeding - Use in combination with woody plantings on the up-slope side of
the riparian area and down to the bankfull elevation. This mixture can be planted at any time but
will do best in spring or late fall. Spring planted seed should be treated with a cold wet chill
process to maximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a lightly sown cool
season annual to hold soil and does not need. to be chilled. Seeding should be done evenly over
the area using a mechanical or hand seeder. A drag should be used to cover the seed with no
more than ''/z inch of soil. Where a drag can not safely be utilized the seed should be covered by
hand raking.
All seasons: WNC Riparian Diversity Mix (as described on the attached sheet)
'/4 lb. per 1000 sq. ft. and 10 lbs. per Acre
Erosion Control: All seeded areas, areas disturbed by heavy equipment, or other areas disturbed
by mitigation activities should be protected from erosion by installation of erosion control
blankets or matting.
Woody Veizetation
Live stakes (unrooted material)
Live stake material should be dormant and gathered locally or purchased from a reputable
commercial supplier. Stakes should be 1/2 to 3 inches in diameter and living based on the
presence of young buds and green bark. Stakes should be kept cool and moist. to improve
survival and to maintain dormancy. Stakes should be driven into the ground using a rubber
hammer or by creating a hole and slipping the stake into it. The ground around the stake should
be firmed against the stake after planting. Stakes should be placed so that 75% of the stake is
below the ground and 2 or 3 buds are above ground. Stakes should be planted on a 2 - 3 foot
spacing and at a density of 160 - 360 stakes per 1000 sq. ft.
Bare rooted or potted stock
Care and handling: Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored.
These plants should be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Roots of bareroot
stock should be kept moist during planting operations. Bareroot material should only be
planted during Winter and early Spring. Container or potted stock shall be kept moist at all
times. Do not let roots freeze or dry out prior to planting.
2
r
? Seeding and Planting Guidelines
07/13/06
Site Preparation: The soil in the area of tree planting should be loosened to a depth of at least 1
foot. This is only necessary on hard compacted soil.
Planting:
On site material - Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally
growing.
Potted stock - Planting should be done mechanically or by hand using a shovel. The planting
trench or hole must be deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread out and down
without J-rooting. Potted stock should be planted in a hole 2-3 times the diameter of the root
ball and at the same depth as the root ball. When setting plants, be certain to plant them high.
Locate the root ball on solid soil and not loose backfill. Wire baskets do not need to be
completely removed from large field grown trees. Be sure to remove plastic liners or synthetic
burlap materials. Construct an earthen dam 4-6 inches high around the drip zone area of the
plant after planting. This will allow for self watering and runoff will be minimized.
Bare rooted stock - Bare rooted material can be planted using a hoedad or a dibble bar (see
diagram below). Planting slits for bare rooted material should be 6-8 inches in diameter and
should be at least 8-12 inches deep. Damaged roots should be trimmed. Plants should be
placed with the root collar slightly below the soil surface. Holes and slits should be closed
completely, including and especially at the bottom of the hole.
Spacing of rooted Woody Vegetation - the following guidelines should be used for spacing
Guidelines for Planting Bare-Root Plant$
VVNe transmrrng parts, keep the roots camp and cut of
the stuff. C vua aj seFa:,rte the pbr= aM, if rx:coessry,
cnx e L p to ore-nvrd of the ro= sysen. To make an ade-
qua*,e, hole for
pl?lu?tC, use a ptar:Cng Cb:Ae bar or
?tcd.
1 Cog a hoe reep trcugh ;o the roots rerran s-^,rrght '????,
and so zd W. ;f avaa,'e, p4+co fcrtz,:er ;n the trc+e. el
?2 Set trie seeding n tra note.
3 Close hole at bottom v'd tcp'Alth
1 ? or .ic d -t yit obove
root cc'ar.
4 Make st m me tr * u straght
and tame soil tAe4irninz7te
air ?ket? V4'atrY Ihcrnt?!
rooted woody vegetation.
\?\\ rs

?1-1VVII
?7,11
Type spacing 4 per 1000 sq ft
Shrubs, less than 10 ft. in height 3 - 6 ft. 27-111
Shrubs and Trees, 10 -25 ft. in height 6 - 8 ft. 15 - 27
Trees greater than 25 ft in height 8 - 15 ft. 4- 15
Plant List
Herbaceous, permanent seed mixture labeled "WNC Riparian Diversity Mix"
3
Seeding and Planting Guidelines 07/130106
Botanical Name Common Name % of Mix Lbs

Acer rubrum Red Maple 2.5 0.25
Acer saccharium Silver Maple 2.5 0.25
Alisma subcordatum Water Plantain 2.5 0.25
Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry 2.5 0.25
Asclepias incamata Swamp Milkweed 2.5 0.25
Carex lupilina Hop Sedge 5 0.5
Cephalanthus occidentalis. Button Bush 7.5 0.75
Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood 5 0.5
Elymus virginicus Va. Wild Rye 10 1
Eupatorium fistulosa Joe Pye Weed 2.5 0.25
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash 2.5 0.25
Ilex verticillata Winterberry 2.5 0.25
Juncus effusus Soft Rush 2.5 0.25
Leersia oryzoides Rice Cut Grass 10 1
Lindera benzoin Spicebush 2.5 0.25
Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum 2.5 0.25
Onoclea sensibillis Sensitive Fern 5 0.5
Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed 2.5 0.25
Sagittaria latifolia Arrowhead 2.5 0.25
Sambucus canadensis Elderberry 5 0.5
Scirpus americanus 3 Square Bulrush 2.5 0.25
Scirpus atrovirens Green Bulrush 5 0.5
Scirpus cypemus Woolgrass 10 1
Scirpus validus Softstem Bulrush 2.5 0.25
Mix Seeding Rate (lbs./ac.) 10
This mixture was taken from the list of plants that begins on the following page. It was created
from a database compiled by TVA and distributed on CD. format as a product called "Banks &
Buffers" (Tennessee Valley Authority. 1996. Banks & Buffers, A guide to selecting native
plants for streambanks and shorelines; Riparian Plant Selector, Version 1.0; Environmental
Research Center and Clean Water Initiative, Muscle Shoals, AL.). As more information
becomes available we will add to this list in an effort to encompass as many riparian species
native to Western North Carolina as possible.
Shrub and tree species listed on the following pages will be planted at mitigation sites as either
live stakes, potted stock, balled stock or bare root stock. These plantings will take place in the
winter or early spring. Spacing suggestions should be used as guidelines, but can be varied
depending on species requirements and landscape objectives. For example species that are
commonly found growing in clumped distributions should be planted that way. It is desirable for
the final distribution of trees and shrubs to have a more natural, random appearance. In order to
accomplish this exact spacing should be avoided and mixing of various species should be done.
4
}
Seeding and Planting Guidelines 07/13/06
Plants native to the riparian and wetland areas of Western North Carolina
Type Common Name Scientific Name Flooding Light Wetland pH wildlife region
val.
1 American Pillwort Pilularia americana Reg sun obli 0-7 birds all
1 Cinnamon Fern Osmunda cinnamomea Irreg to reg Part to shade Fac.wet 0-7 birds all
1 Netted Chain Fern Woodwardia areolata seas to reg all obli less birds all
1 Royal Fern Osmunda regalis seas to reg Part to shade obli 0-7 birds, sm all
1 Sensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilis Irreg to reg all facu 0-7 birds all
2 American Lotus Nelumbo lutea reg to perm sun oblig 0-7 birds,SM all
2 American Pondweed Potamogeton nodosus perm sun oblig 7 birds,SM all
2 Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia seas-perm sun to shade oblig all B, Sm all
2 Broad-leaf Cattail Typha latifolia seas-perm sun oblig all B, Sm all
2 Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis irreg-seas sun fac.wet 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Hollow Joe-pye-weed Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus irreg-seas sun facu 0-7 birds all
2 Narrow-leaf Cattail Typha angustifolia seas-perm sun oblig all B, Sm all
2 Pickerelweed. Pontederia cordata seas-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Spotted Touch-me-not Impatiens capensis irreg-seas part.sh fac.wet 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incamata irreg-reg sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Swamp Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos seas-reg sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Virginia Blueflag Iris virginica seas-perm sun oblig 0-7 birds all
2 Water Plantain Alisma subcordatum seas-perm sun oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Waterwillow Justicia americana reg-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
2 White Waterlily Nymphaea odorata reg-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
2 Yellow Cowlily Nuphar luteum reg-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
3 Creeping Spikerush Eleocharis palustris seas-perm sun-part. oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Green Bulrush Scirpus atrovi seas-reg sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Hop Sedge Carex lupulina seas-reg sun-part. oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Rice Cutgrass Leersia oryzoides reg-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 River Cane Arundinaria gigantea irreg-seas sun-part. fac.wet 0-7 B,Sm all
3 River Oats Chasmanthium latifolium irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Slender Spikerush Eleocharis acicularis seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Soft Rush Juncus effusus seas-perm sun-part. fac.wet 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Softstem Bulrush Scirpus validus seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Square-stem Spikerush Eleocharis quadrangulata seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all .
3 Three-square Bulrush Scirpus americanus seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Virginia Wildrye Elymus virginicus irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 B,Srn Lm all
3 Woolgrass Scirpus cyperinus seas-reg sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
Bluet Houstonia serpyllifolia
4 Bushy St. Johnswort Hypericum densiflorum irreg-seas sun-part fac.wet 0-7 birds all
4 Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis seas-perm sun-part oblig all B,Sm,Lm all
4 Wild Hydrangea Hydrangea arborescens irreg part.-shade fac.upl 0-7 B,Sm all
4 Yellowroot Xanthorhiza simplicissima inreg-seas part.-shade fac.wet 0-7 birds all
5 American Witch-hazel Hamamelis virginiana irreg part fac upl 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Brookside Alder Alnus serrulata irreg-reg sun fac wet 0-7 birds all
5 Carolina Buckthorn Rhamnus caroliniana irreg part fac upl all B,Sm all
5 Carolina Willow Salix caroliniana seas-reg sun-part. oblig 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Common Pawpaw Asiminia triloba irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 Sm all
5 Elderberry Sambucus canadensis irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet 0-7 B,Sm,Lm. all
5 Red Chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
5 Silky Dogwood Cornus amomuin irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet all B,Sm all
5 Silky Willow Salix sericea irreg-reg sun-part. oblig 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5

-` 'Seed ing and Planting G uidelines 07/13/06
5 Spicebush Lindera benzoin irreg-seas part.-shade fac wet 0-7 birds all
5 Winterberry Ilex verticillata irreg-reg part.-shade fac wet 0-7 B,Sm. all
5 Sweet Azalea Rhododendron arborescens irreg part fac wet acid B,Lm. F,H,Lt
5 Rhododendron Rhododendron catawbiense
6 American Hornbeam Carpinus caroliniana irreg-seas all facu acid B,Sm. all
6 Eastern Hornbeam Ostrya virginiana irreg part.-shade fac. Upl 0-7 B,Sm all
7 Baldcypress Taxodium distichum all sun - part oblig 0-7 birds all
7 Black Walnut Juglans nigra irreg sun - part fac upl 0-7 Sm all
7 Black Willow Salix nigra seas perm sun oblig 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
7 Blackgurn Nyssa sylvatica irreg-reg all oblig-fac 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
7 Boxelder Acer negundo irreg all fac wet 0-7 birds all
7 Eastern Cottonwood Populus deltoides irreg-seas sun facu 0-7 birds all
7 Green Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica irreg-reg all fac wet 0-7 B,Sm. all
7 Honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos irreg-seas sun facu 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
7 Persimmon Diospyros virgimana nTeg-seas sun - part facu 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
7 Red Maple Acer rub= irreg-reg all obli-fac 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
7 Red Mulberry Mores rubra irreg-seas part - shade facu 0-7 B,Sm all
7 River Birch Betula nigra irreg - seas sun fac wet 0-7 birds all
7 Silver Maple Acer saccharinum irreg all fac wet 0-7 birds all
7 Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua irreg - reg sun facu 0-7 B,Sm all
7 Sycamore Platanus occidentalis irreg - seas sun - part fac wet 0-7 B,Sm. all
7 American Basswood Tilia americana irreg all fac upl 0-7 B,Sm. Ho,F,Lt
7 Eastern Hemlock Tsuea canadensis
Plant Typ e
Fern or fem allies 1
Em, float, or wed herb 2
Grass, sedge, or rush 3
Small Shrub 4
Large Shrub 5
Small Tree 6
Large Tree 7
.. ITEMS OF WORK:
The area 6.5 feet above the bankfull elevation should be stabilized using either a coir fiber mat or
coir/straw blanket. A 4 ft. wide jute blanket should be installed up-slope of the 6.5 ft. strip. All of these
materials should be installed and stapled according to the attached diagram and instruction. Staples should
be installed on a 2 ft. spacing.
6
Stream Restoration
Customer(s): RUSSELL G ESTES
- Roads
County Boundary
0 practice-instance-point
practice _instance _polyline
practice-instance-polygon
land unit
O ® Water Bodies
V Image:Ortho-imagery
Field Office: JEFFERSON SERVICE CENTER
Agency: NRCS
State and County: NC, ASHE
1W-,[gvffl1
JUL 2 6 2006
VIETIANDS AND STCp"I MT R BRANCH
I
?- i
? `?; .: ar ? ?.
',.: ..
__I
? k
7' w
Name: LAUREL SPRINGS
Date: 7/20/2006
Scale: 1 inch equals 1000 feet
SOIL SURVEY OFASHE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Russell Estes Stream Restoration
Meters Feet
0 20 40 80 0 50 100 200 300 400
USDA wand Reo..ce Web Soil Survey 1.1 7/20/2006
Millillill c wff. AM.Sw*c National Cooperative Soil Survey Pagel of 3
.
r=
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SOIL SURVEY OFASHE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Stream Restoration
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
__ __ Soil Map Units
o Cities Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Q Detailed Counties Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov
Detailed States
Interstate Highways Coordinate System: UTM Zone 17
Roads Soil Survey Area: Ashe County, North Carolina
-+- t- Rails Spatial Version of Data: 1
Water Soil Map Compilation Scale: 1:24000
Hydrography
oceans
AYAYAYAY Escarpment, bedrock
Escarpment, non-bedrock
Gulley
nnunmuu Levee
.......... Slope
W Blowout
® Borrow Pit
X Clay Spot
? Depression, closed
= Eroded Spot
x Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Gulley
Lava Flow
® Landfill Map comprised of aerial images photographed on these dates:
1 Marsh or Swamp 3/1911994
O Miscellaneous Water
- Rock Outcrop
+ Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Slide or Slip
O Sinkhole
0 Sodic Spot
M Spoil Area The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and
digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps.
0 Stony spot As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
O Perennial Water
USDA Nit" Remmmn 1 Wet Spot Web Soil Survey 1.1 7/20/2006
lz?Y cbwrratiou Smice National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 2 of 3
F
Soil Survey of Ashe County, North Carolina Russell Estes Stream Restoration
Map Unit Legend Summary
Ashe County, North Carolina
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
Co Colvard fine sandy loam 6.9 83.6
WaF Watauga loam, 25 to 45 1.4 16.4
percent slopes
USDA NaturA Resource Web Soil Survey 1.1
L ? consmadoe senice National Cooperative Soil Survey
7/202006
Page 3 of 3
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1111 ROCKWARRY ,, , 16 >n R.10now tain Aire Golf Club and Jefferson
12„ Llcx \ 4s ,tit?°1 3 t?5 o?os beautiful eighteen hole golf I
o Big Flat Is 6 '' \"+ .?•,
Ch. MERWINDSHILLSDEFARM . Beaver Creek and Jefferson. Two put
c? Ile, Oblds'? ' PV '' 3 Fleetwood ° \ 1179 1103 1159 `
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105
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7 1lolESTATES 69 3 aSWAMP o
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visitors.
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Office Use Only: Form Version March 05
L/ L U [.
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
(If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A"
I. Processing L j
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
? Section 404 Permit ? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
? Section 10 Permit ? Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ
? 401 Water Quality Certification ® Express 401 Water Quality Certification
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: Nationwide 2 7
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP) is proposed
for mitigation of impacts, attach the acceptance letter from NCEEP, complete section VIII,
and check here: ?
5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
Environmental Concern (see the top of page 2 for further details), check here: ?
II. Applicant Information . ,? p ? D
1. Owner/Applicant Information JUL 2 6 2006
Name: Russell Estes
Mailing Address: 647 C Low Gap Road DENR - WATER QUALITY
"1:T6y@8 A?@ ST-GIP BRANCH
Jefferson, NC 28640
Telephone Number: 336-982-9228 Fax Number:
E-mail Address:
2. Agent/Consultant Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: David Tucker Alan Walker
Company Affiliation: USDA-NRCS USDA-NRCS
Mailing Address: 134 Gov't Circle Suite 102
Jefferson NC 28640
Telephone Number: 336-246-5258 Fax Number: 336-246-6171
E-mail Address:- [e-mail]
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 5 of 12
III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Russell Estes Restoration Project Roan Creek
2. T.I.P. Project Number or State Project Number (NCDOT Only): N/A
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): 14379-198
4. Location
County: Ashe County Nearest Town: Jefferson
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number):
Directions to site (include road numbers/names, landmarks, etc.): From Jefferson travel east
on Hwy 88 towards Laurel Springs. Site location is in bottom directly across from where
Low Gap Road turns left off of Hwy 88.
5. Site coordinates (For linear projects, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that
separately lists the coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
Decimal Degrees (6 digits minimum): 36 23' 44.56" 'IN 81 22' 32.20" QW
6. Property size (acres): 27.459 Acres
7. Name of nearest receiving body of water: Roan Creek
8. River Basin: New River
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
9. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the project
at the time of this application: Stream banks are severely degraded with 5 ft vertical banks.
Property is in agricultural use. See attached pictures.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 6 of 12
10. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used: Stabilize
Eroding banks using Rosgin Natural stream channel design. See attached diagrams
Trackhoe with thumb.
11. Explain the purpose of the proposed work: Stabilize eroding banks and improve water
quality.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules. N/A
V. Future Project Plans
Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application.
N/A
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. Each impact must be
listed separately in the tables below (e.g., culvert installation should be listed separately from
riprap dissipater pads). Be sure to indicate if an impact is temporary. All proposed impacts,
permanent and temporary, must be listed, and must be labeled and clearly identifiable on an
accompanying site plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial)
should be shown on a delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems.
Wetland and stream evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate.
Photographs may be included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for
wetland or stream mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional
space is needed for listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Provide a written description of the proposed impacts: Placement of large rock and
Tree trunks with rootwads at locations noted on attached plans. Restabilizing banks by
Reshaping and installing a bankfull bench. Proposed length of work is 480 feet.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 7 of 12
2. Individually list wetland impacts. Types of impacts include, but are not limited to
mechanized clearing, grading, fill, excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams,
separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
Wetland Impact
Site Number

(indicate on map)
Type of Impact Type of Wetland
(e.g., forested, marsh,

herbaceous, bog, etc.) Located within
100-year
Floodplain
loodpl) Distance to
Nearest
Stream
(linear feet) Area of
Impact
(acres)

Total Wetland Impact (acres)
3. List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property: N/.
4. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts. Be sure to identify temporary
impacts. Stream impacts include, but are not limited to placement of fill or culverts, dam
construction, flooding, relocation, stabilization activities (e.g., cement walls, rip-rap, crib
walls, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is proposed,
plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams
must be included. To calculate acreage. multinlv length X width- then divide by Al S(fl
Stream Impact
Number
(indicate on map)
Stream Name
Type of Impact or
Perennial Inter omittentr Average
Stream Width
Before Impact Impact
Length
(linear feet) Area of
Impact
(acres)
See map Roan Creek See plans perennial 5 480 <1 Ac

Total Stream Impact (by length and acreage) 480 < 1 Ac
5. Individually list all open water impacts (including lakes, ponds, estuaries, sounds, Atlantic
Ocean and any other water of the U.S.). Open water impacts include, but are not limited to
fill. excavation. dredging. flooding. drainage. bulkheads. etc.
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on map) Name of Waterbody
(if applicable)
Type of Impact Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound, bay,
ocean, etc.) Area of
Impact
(acres)

Total Open Water Impact (acres)
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 8 of 12
6. List ti
trom the project
< 1 Ac
480
7. Isolated Waters
Do any isolated waters exist on the property? ? Yes ® No
Describe all impacts to isolated waters, and include the type of water (wetland or stream) and
the size of the proposed impact (acres or linear feet). Please note that this section only
applies to waters that have specifically been determined to be isolated by the USACE.
8. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Current land use in the vicinity of the pond:
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
See attached Construction Specifications
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 9 of 12
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on January 15, 2002, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCEEP concurrence shall be placed on hold as incomplete.
An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration in DWQ's
Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwettands/strmcide.htm1.
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
This project is a restoration project which will be creating and enhancing riparian areas
And aquatic habitat.
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement
Program (NCEEP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCEEP at
[phone] to determine availability, and written approval from the NCEEP indicating
that they are will to accept payment for the mitigation must be attached to this form. For
additional information regarding the application process for the NCEEP, check the NCEEP
website at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/wrp/index.htm. If use of the NCEEP is proposed, please
check the appropriate box on page five and provide the following information:
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet):
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet):
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 10 of 12
IX. Environmental Documentation (required by DWQ)
1. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state/local) funds or the use of
public (federal/state) land? Yes ® No ?
2. If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ? No
3. If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please
attach a copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter. Yes ? No ?
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (required by DWQ)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
1. Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Neuse), 15A NCAC 213.0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 02B .0243 (Catawba) 15A NCAC
2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please
identify )? Yes ? No
2. If "yes", identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers.
If buffer mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the
buffer multipliers.
Zone* Impact Multiplier Required
(square feet) Mitieation
1 3 (2 for Catawba)
2 1.5
Total
* Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from the top of the near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
3. If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e.,
Donation of Property, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, or Payment into the
Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as identified
within 15A NCAC 213.0242 or.0244, or.0260.
N/A
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 11 of 12
XI. Stormwater (required by DWQ)
Describe impervious acreage (existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site. Discuss
stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands downstream from
the property. If percent impervious surface exceeds 20%, please provide calculations
demonstrating total proposed impervious level. N/A
XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
XIII. Violations (required by DWQ)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H.0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application? Yes ? No
XIV. Cumulative Impacts (required by DWQ)
Will this project (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in additional
development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality? Yes ? No
If yes, please submit a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact analysis in accordance with
the most recent North Carolina Division of Water Quality policy posted on our website at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands. If no, please provide a short narrative description:
XV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
Due to extensive erosion and loss of creek bank the stream is beginning to impact horticultural
Products. Due to the trout moratorium this project needs to be completed before October.
Applicant/Agent's Signature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 12 of 12
Russell Estes Restoration Project
Roan Creels
Ashe County
Background Information
Roan Creek is a tributary of the South Fork of the New River. Roan Creek has problems scattered
up and down its length associated with streambank erosion. The excessive streambank erosion in
this stream is typical of a stream that has been straightened years ago, lost riparian vegetation and is
also partially incised. The typical stream one would expect to find in this valley type would be a
meandering stream made up of riffles and pools. The stream in this area is experiencing down valley
migration of the meander bend. The stream has a large transverse bar at the downstream end of a
uncharacteristically long pool that is directing the stress into the outside bank contributing to the
downstream migration of the meander. This stream would typically reach the bankfull flow every
1.3 -1.5 years. This storm event would place water flow at or near the top of the low bank. Storm
events or flows greater than the 1.3 -1.5 year storm would spill over onto the floodplain of the
stream. The stream in this reach would be classified as a "Type C" stream. The erosion rate along
this section of Roan Creek exceeds 155 tons/year.
Field Measurements & Observations
The portion of Roan Creek evaluated is approximately 800 feet long. The section of the stream that
will be reworked and stabilized is approximately 480 feet. The transverse bar and subsequent down
valley migration of the meander is causing excessive stream bank erosion along the left bank. The
stream is widening along this section and is increasing the width/depth ratio. The higher width ratio
has a negative impact on sediment transport causing the stream to aggrade in this reach.
Proposed Solutions
The solution proposed along this reach is as follows:
• Install three (3) cross-vanes to develop proper width
• Install six (6) j-hook, log-vane, root wad combination structures
• Develop a bankfull bench on the left bank along this section of stream
• Develop a riparian area along both banks with desirable species to provide long term
stabilization of the stream
The proposed solution on this project is based on survey data collected by local and area MRCS staff.
Restoring this section of stream will greatly decrease the amount of sediment leaving this stream.
Other benefits to this stream will include the development of a forested riparian buffer along the
stream to improve water quality, lower stream temperatures, and improve aquatic habitat.
The attached drawings and design information are provided for your information. If you have
additional questions please give me*a call.
Alan Walker
Resource Conservationist
Waynesville Area Office
[phone] Ext. 5
Page lof 1
IORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXISTING AND PROPOSED
CHANNEL WITH REFERENCE REACH DATA
(After Rosgen, 1996)
Restoration Site (Name of stream & location): Roan Creek, Ashe County, NC
Reference Reach (Name of stream & location): N. Prong South Fork New River, Surry County
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH REACH
1. Stream type C4 C4 C4
2. Drainage area 5.0 5.0 2.2
(s q. mi.
3. Bankfull width Mean: 28 Mean: 27 Mean: 16.3
(Wbkf) - ft.
Range: Range: Range:
4. Bankfull mean Mean: 1.7 Mean: 1.85 Mean: 1.5
depth (dbkf) - ft.
Range: Range: Range:
5. Width/depth Mean: 16.4 Mean: 14.5 Mean: 11
ratio (Wbkf/dbkf)
Range: Range: Range:
6. Bankfull cross- Mean: 47 Mean: 50 Mean: 24.8
sectional area
Abkf - s q. ft. Range: Range: Range:
7. Bankfull mean Mean: 4.3 Mean: 4.0 Mean: 4.0
velocity (vbkf) - f/s
Range: Range: Range:
8. Bankfull discharge, 200 200 107
CfS Qbkf
9. Bankfull Mean: 2.8 Mean: 2.7 Mean: 2.15
Maximum depth
dr,ax - ft. Range: Range: 2.6 - 2.8 Range: 2.1 - 2.2
10. Max dhff/dbkf ratio Mean: Mean: 1.45 Mean: 1.45
Range: Range: 1.4 -1.5 Range: 1.4 - 1.5
11. Riffle Length (Lriff) Mean: Mean: 35 Mean: 33.2
- ft. Range: Range: 11 - 70 Range: 7.6 - 81
12. Ratio riffle length Mean: Mean: 1.3 Mean: 2
to bkf width Range: Range: 0.4 - 2.6 Range: 0.5 - 4.9
L,iff /Wbkf
13. Low bank height Mean: 1.2 Mean: 1.0 Mean: 1.0
to max. dbkf ratio Range: Range: Range:
14. Width of Mean: 65 Mean: 100 Mean: 202.5
flood prone area
Wf a - ft. Range: Range: Range:
15. Entrenchment Mean: 2.3 Mean: 3.7 Mean: 12.4
ratio (Wfpa/Wbkf) Range: Range: Range: 9.8 - 15
Pagel of 5 07/14/06
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH REACH
16. Meander length Mean: Mean: Mean:
(Lm) - ft. Range: Range: Range:
17. Ratio of Mean: Mean: Mean:
meander length
to bankfull Range: Range: Range:
width Lm/Wbkf
18. Radius of Mean: Mean: Mean:
curvature (Rc) -
ft. Range: Range: Range:
19. Ratio of radius Mean: Mean: Mean:
of curvature to
bankfull width Range: Range: Range:
Rc/Wbkf
20. Belt width (Wblt) Mean: Mean: Mean:
- ft.
Range: Range: Range:
21. Meander width Mean: Mean: Mean:
ratio (Wblt/Wbkf)
Range: Range: Range:
22. Sinuosity = k 1.3 1.3 1.7
(Stream Lengthtnalweg/
valley distance
23. Valley slope 0.0084 0.0084 0.0153
ft/ft
24. Average water 0.006 0.006 0.009
surface slope-ft/ft
(Sava) = Svalle k
25. Pool slope Mean: 0.00017 Mean: 0.0009 Mean: 0.00373
(spool) - ft/ft
Range: Range: Range:
26. Ratio of pool Mean: Mean: 0.15 Mean: 0.4
slope to
average slope Range: Range: 0.1 - 0.2 Range: 0.1 - 0.7
S ool/Sbkf
27. Maximum Mean: Mean: 4.2 Mean: 3.3
pool depth
d max ool - ft. Range: Range: 3.8 - 4.4 Range:
28. Ratio of pool Mean: Mean: 2.2 Mean: 2.2
depth to
average Range: Range: 1.8 - 3.0 Range: 1.8 - 3.0
bankfull depth
dmax ool/dbkf
29. Pool width Mean: Mean: 30 Mean: 17.9
w ool - ft. Range: Range: Range:
30. Ratio of pool Mean: Mean: 1.1 Mean: 1.1
width to
bankfull width Range: Range: Range: 0.9 -1.15
W ool/Wbkf
31. Pool Area - sq ft Mean: Mean: 75 Mean: 36.2
A ool Range: Range: Range: 35.3 - 37.1
Page 2 of 5 07/14/06
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH REACH
32. Ratio of Pool Mean: Mean: 1.5 Mean: 1.5
Area to Bankfull
Area A ..I/Abkf Range: Range: 1.4 - 1.5 Range: 1.4 - 1.5
33. Pool to pool Mean: 168 Mean: 113 - 216 Mean: 97.5
spacing (p-p) -
ft. Range: 65 - 280 Range: 165 Range: 68.3 - 127.4
34. Ratio of p-p Mean: 6 Mean: 6 Mean: 6
spacing to
bankfull width Range: 2.4 - 10.4 Range: 4.2 - 8 Range: 4.2 - 7.8
- /Wbkf
35. Pool length (Lp,,,) Mean: 102 Mean: 45 Mean: 17.4
- ft. Range: 43 - 234 Range:30 - 56 Range: 7.7 - 32.6
36. Ratio of Pool Mean: 3.8 Mean: 1.6 Mean: 1.1
length to
bankfull width Range: 1.6 - 8.7 Range: 0.5 - 2.2 Range: 0.5 - 2.2
(LI..I/Wbkf)
37. Avg. riffle slope Mean: 0.029 Mean: 0.012 Mean: 0.0126
srift - ft./ft. Range: 0.022 - 0.034 Range: 0.009 - 0.015 Range:
38. Ratio of riffle Mean: 4.8 Mean: 2 Mean: 1.35
slope to avg.
Slope Sriff/Sav Range: 3.6 - 5.7 Range: 1.3 - 2.2 Range:
39. Avg. run slope Mean: 0.025 Mean: 0.009 Mean:
ft/ft Range: 0.003 - 0.076 Range: 0.008 - 0.013 Range:
40. Ratio of run Mean: 4.2 Mean: 1.6 Mean: 1.6
slope to avg
sloe Srun/Sav Range: 0.5 - 12.7 Range: 1.4 - 2.2 Range:
41. Avg. glide slope Mean: 0.007 Mean: 0.0012 Mean: 0.0054
ft/ft Range: 0.004 - 0.009 Range: 0.009 - 0.0018 Range:
42. Ratio of glide Mean: 1.2 Mean: 0.2 Mean: 0.2
slope to avg
slope s liddSav Range: 0.6 -1.5 Range: 0.15 - 0.3 Range:
43. Max run depth Mean: 3.2 Mean: 3.3 Mean: 2.7
dmax run - ft. Range: 2.9 - 3.6 Range: 2.9 - 4 Range:
44. Ratio of max. run Mean: 1.8 Mean: 1.8 Mean: 1.8
depth to mean bkf
depth d,,,, run/dbkf Range: 1.7 - 2.1 Range: 1.6 - 2.2 Range: 1.6 - 2.2
45. Run width (wn,n) Mean: Mean: 27 Mean: 21.3
- ft. Range: Range: 22 - 30 Range:
46. Run width to Mean: Mean: 1.0 Mean: 1.3
bankfull width Range: Range: 0.8 -1.1 Range:
ratio Wn,n/Wbkf
47. Mean run depth Mean: Mean: Mean:
dn,n ft. Range: Range: Range:
48. Run w/d ratio Mean: Mean: Mean:
Wrun/drun Range: Range: Range:
49. Ratio of run w/d Mean: Mean: Mean:
to riffle W/d Range: Range: Range:
50. Run length (Ln,n) Mean: Mean: 13.5 Mean:
- ft. Range: Range: 5 - 22 Range:
Page 3 of 5 07/14/06
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH I REACH
51. Ratio of run Mean: Mean: 0.5 Mean: 0.5
length to bankfull Range: Range: 0.2 - 0.8 Range: 0.2 - 0.8
width Ln,n/Wbkf
52. Max. glide depth Mean: Mean: 3.0 Mean:
dmax Ids - ft. Range: Range: 2.6 - 3.3 Range:
53. Ratio of max. Mean: Mean: 1.1 Mean: 1.1
glide depth to
mean bkf depth Range: Range: 0.9 - 1.2 Range: 0.9 - 1.2
dmax fide/dbkf
54. Glide width Mean: Mean: 32 Mean:
W lids - ft. Range: Range: 27 - 35 Range:
55. Ratio of glide Mean: Mean: 1.2 Mean: 1.2
width to bankfull Range: Range: 1.0 - 1.3 Range: 1.0 -1.3
width W lide/Wbkf
56. Glide mean Mean: Mean: Mean:
depth d lids - ft. Range: Range: Range:
57. Glide w/d ratio Mean: Mean: Mean:
W iide/d lids Range: Range: Range:
58. Ratio of glide w/d Mean: Mean: Mean:
to riffle w/d Range: Range: Range:
59. Glide length Mean: Mean: 24 Mean:
(1-glide) - ft, Range: Range: 11 - 32 Range:
60. Ratio of glide Mean: Mean: 0.9 Mean: 0.9
length to bankfull
width L lide/Wbkf Range: Range: 0.4 -1.2 Range: 0.4 -1.2
61. Riffle thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (sriffTw) Range: Range: Range:
- ft/ft
62. Run thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (sr n Tw) Range: Range: Range:
- ft/ft [Note: Run reach that
aces into pool]
63. Glide thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (Sglide rw) Range: Range:
- ft/ft Range:
64. Pool entrance Mean: Mean: Mean:
thalweg slope

(Spool TW entrance) Range: Range: Range:
- ft/ft
65. Pool exit thalweg Mean: Mean: Mean:
slope (spool TW exit)
- ft/ft Range: Range: Range:
* Data in Item Nos. 61 through 65 are for use with a CAD system.
Remarks:
Page 4 of 5 07/14/06
VARIABLES EXISTING PROPOSED REFERENCE
CHANNEL REACH I REACH
MATERIALS:
11. Particle Size
Distribution of
Channel Material
mm
D16 5.7 mm 5.7 mm 1.0 mm
D35 27.3 mm 27.3 mm 16.0 mm
D 50 53.1 mm 53.1 mm 26.0 mm
D 84 152 mm 152 mm 56.9 mm
D 95 231 mm 231 mm 128.0 mm
2. Particle Size
Distribution of
Bar Material mm EXISTING
CHANNEL PROPOSED
REACH REFERENCE
REACH
D 16
D 35
D 5o
D 84
D 95
Largest size particle
at the toe (lower third)
of bar mm
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT VALIDATION
(BASED ON BANKFULL SHEAR STRESS)
Existing Condition
Proposed Condition
Bankfull shear stress - Calculated value (lb/ft) 0.62 0.62
Critical shear stress - Value from Shields Diagram(lb/ft )
OR Grain Diameter from Shields Diagram (mm)
Relation adjusted to include field data 38mm/100mm 38mm/100mm
Critical dimensionless shear stress 0.02
Minimum mean dbkf calculated using critical
dimensionless shear stress equations 1.9

These val a tios ere Icul e d proposed by:
Name: Location: 414.,Nit yv U ,
Title: /l.Cv ?2v.H`r?2s- Date:
Page 5 of 5 07/14/06
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
ROOT WAD - LOG VANE-J-HOOK COMBINATION
1) SCOPE
This specification covers the installation of Root Wad - Log Vane-J-Hook Combination
Structures at locations as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
• Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
• Provide soil cover during the establishment of woody vegetation
• Provide aquatic and terrestrial habitat
• This practice does not apply to streams that are highly entrenched.
3) DEFINITIONS
ROOT WADS -Trees that have been uprooted with as much of the root system intact as possible
with a stem fourteen to twenty feet long. (See Fig 1)
LOG VANE - A log, fourteen to twenty feet long placed at an angle of 20 to 30 degrees off the
bank and at a slope of 5 to 7 percent. (See Fig 1)
J-HOOK - A rock vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The hook provides
additional habitat. (See fig. 2) May included a sill (See fig. 3) which continues
across the stream bed from the hook portion of the structure, perpendicular to
the flow and follows the shape and elevation of the stream bed and stream bank
up to interberm or as directed by the engineer.
ENGINEER - The USDA-NRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.
STREAM BANK - Portions of intermittent or perennial stream banks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.
BANKFULL - The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank". Persons
who have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.
4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
USDA-NRCS page 1 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
Root wads are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before structures are installed. The use of root
wads without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream will most likely
result in failure.
5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared and approved prior to the beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
root wads
• A chain saw shall be available on site during construction
• All required safety equipment shall be available during construction. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, chain saw chaps, gloves, and eye and hearing
protection.
7) SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on-site to supervise and inspect each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours before installation is performed.
8) INSTALLATION
Excavate a trench into the bank to embed the stem of the root wad. Excavate an area in the
stream bed and stream bank to provide for excess root mass. Excavate a trench in the stream bed
to embed the upper part of the log vane. Install root wad and log vane, cable together at the
intersection of the two root masses. Install rock for "J-Hook" (must have footer rocks). All
excavation will be performed at the location, elevation, and orientation and to the dimensions as
directed by the engineer. (See figure 1)
The streambank shall be sloped to 1'/z :1 or flatter from the top of the root wad stem at the
junction with the root system to the top of the bank.
Equipment which appears to be leaking fluids shall be removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is repaired and confirmed that no leaks exist.
USDA-NRCS page 2 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
9) MATERIALS
• LOGS WITH ATTACHED ROOT MASS:
• LENGTH OF IN BANK TREE - The stem shall be of sufficient length so that a
minimum of 12 feet is placed into well consolidated soil plus approximately 2 feet of
protrusion from the streambank for attachment of the log vane portion of the structure. If
Root Wads are placed in front of fresh fill material, the width of the fill material must be
added to the minimum length to find the required total stem length. The stem length
which passes through fresh fill material shall not exceed 1/3 of the total stem length.
• LENGTH OF LOG VANE TREE - The stem shall be of sufficient length so the vane
may be installed a slope of 7 percent or less and have approximately 1/3 of the total
length of stem buried into the streambed at the upstream end.
DIAMETER - The minimum diameter of the stem measured at a point 4 '/2 feet from the
uppermost root shall be 8 inches unless otherwise specified in the ITEMS OF WORK.
• FORM - The stem shall be as straight as possible for the entire length. Log Vane Trees
may not have bows and/or other deformities which will cause a concentration of flow at
any point along the section of stem which is exposed to stream flow. The stem shall not
exhibit an unusual degree of taper. Forks should be avoided on In Bank Trees except
where soil conditions mandate trenching, and are prohibited on Log Vane Trees except
within the portion which will be buried in the streambed.
• SPECIES - Tree species shall be selected that exhibit rot resistant, and have dense,
relatively large root masses. Maple, Sycamore, and Hemlock are some of the possible
choices.
• HANDLING - Trees shall be removed, transported, and installed in such a manner as to
preserve as much of the root mass as possible. Excess soil shall be removed from the
root mass before installation into the stream, in a manner which does not damage the
roots. Extreme care should be used during the installation process to avoid root mass
damage.
• HARVEST SITE - Trees shall not be harvested from within the riparian area except
where associated stream restoration activities require the removal of the tree. Trees
which are harvested from within the riparian area shall not be removed without the
approval of the on-site engineer. Trees should not be harvested from areas that are steep
enough to cause the stem to have grown skewed to the root mass. Care should be taken
during and after the harvesting process to not allow erosion of the harvest site. The
harvest site should be filled, smoothed and seeded immediately after removal of the tree.
Seeding species shall be in keeping with surrounding vegetation or as otherwise directed
in the ITEMS OF WORK or by the on-site engineer.
• QUALITY - Trees may be rejected by the on-site engineer if they are split, broken,
decaying, or otherwise exhibit faults which will cause the service life of the structure to
be less than the time required to establish permanent woody vegetation with sufficient
root systems to protect the streambank.
CABLES shall be a minimum of 5/8 inch unless otherwise specified in the ITEMS OF
WORK. Cables shall be clamped at a minimum of two places with U-Bolt style cable
clamps designed for the size and type of cable used. It is recommended that Skidder Chokers
with loops formed on one end be used to cable the two stems together. The cable shall
encompass the two stems between the two root masses at the stump portion of the stem.
USDA-NRCS page 3 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
Skidder Chokers should be a minimum of 20 feet long unless otherwise specified in the
ITEMS OF WORK.
J-HOOK ROCKS - The rocks shall be a minimum of 3.5' x 2' x 2' unless otherwise
specified in the ITEMS OF WORK.
VEGETATION shall be in accordance to the Vegetation Specifications for the project.
USDA-NRCS page 4 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
10) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES
• ROCK VANES, CROSS VANES, J HOOKS, LOG VANES and related instream structures
planned as an integral component of the natural stream channel restoration design.
• CRITICAL AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas.
• WOODY VEGETATION shall be established on the sloped bank above bankfull and on top
of the bank.
• RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER should be considered.
• LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be installed if livestock are pastured in the area.
11) FIGURES
Figures attached to this specification illustrate the placement and orientation of the root wads.
Figures are as follows:
Figure 1 - Root Wad Cross Section
Figure 2 - Root Wad Plan View
12) ITEMS OF WORK
Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction
details therefore are:
a) Construct stream stabilization measures at the Estes site on Roan Creek/River in the
Community in Ashe County at the locations as shown on the construction drawings
and/or as directed by the on-site Engineer.
b) Ingress and egress of equipment and materials shall be only at locations and through routes as
approved by the Engineer.
c) Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install 6 Root Wad - Log Vane-J-
Hook Combination Structures.
d) Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to seed all disturbed areas, which will
be approximately 0.75 acres.
e) Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.
f) Provide all necessary safety equipment.
USDA-NRCS page 5 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
Slope existing bank g
J-Hook Rock
Cable onnec
141-20-
Stream bed
Figure 1
Root Wad
Cross Section
(after Rosgen)
USDA-NRCS page 6 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
\ i Cable Connect
Scour Hole
Figure 2
Root Wad
Plan View
(after Rosgen)
USDA-NRCS page 7 Root Wad - Log Vane - J-Hook
North Carolina December 2002
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
INSTREAM STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED OF ROCK
1) SCOPE
This specification covers the installation of Rock Vanes, J-Hooks, and Cross Vanes at locations
as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
Provide aquatic habitat
Cross Vanes may be used for grade control
3) DEFINITIONS
ROCK VANE -A deflective structure installed pointing upstream, beginning at bankfull sloping
down to the streambed. The angle at which the vane points upstream from the
bank shall be 20-30 degrees. The slope of the top surface of the vane will be 5-7
percent. The vane should extend from the bank to approximately 1/3 of channel
width. (See fig. 1)
J-HOOK - A rock vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The hook provides .
additional habitat. (See fig. 2)
CROSS VANE - A rock vane from both sides of the stream with a connecting bar on the
streambed. If this structure is used for grade control, the existing streambed
elevation may be increased by no more than 10 percent of bankfull, unless a
greater increase is provided for in the approved design. (See fig. 3)
ENGINEER - The USDA-NRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.
STREAMBANK - portions of intermittent or perennial streambanks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.
BANKFULL - The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank". Persons
who have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.
THALWEG - The deepest part of the channel where the highest channel velocities occur.
USDA-NRCS page 1 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
These structures are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before structures are installed. The use of rock
structures without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream will most
likely result in failure.
5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared and approved prior to the beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
the rocks
• All required safety equipment shall be available during construction. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, gloves, and eye and hearing protection.
7) SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on-site to supervise and inspect each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours before installation is performed.
8) INSTALLATION
• The engineer shall place a marker at the point where the last rock of the structure will meet
the streambed. This marker shall be set at a point, which represents the planned angle from
bankfull and the planned slope of the structure. The engineer should check to see if this point
is approximately 1/3 of the total channel width.
• Holes for footer rocks shall be excavated in the streambed at the location, elevation and
orientation as directed by the engineer.
• A footer rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed in the hole.
Multiple footer rocks may be required, at the discretion of the engineer or as provided for in
the approved plan.
• A structure rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed on top of
the footer rock.
USDA-NRCS page 2 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
• Streambed material will be removed as directed by the engineer if it is required to move the
thalweg of the stream to the point of the structure.
• Streambed material shall be placed on the upstream side of the structure near the bank.
• Equipment shall be operated from the streambank whenever possible.
• Equipment which appears to be leaking fluids shall be removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is repaired and confirmed that no leaks exist.
9) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES
• ROOT WADS and related instream structures planned as an integral component of the
natural stream channel restoration design.
• CRITICAL AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas.
• WOODY VEGETATION shall be established on the sloped bank above bankfull and on top
of the bank.
• RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER should be considered.
• LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be installed if livestock are pastured in the area.
10) FIGURES
Figures attached to this specification illustrate the placement and orientation of the various
instream rock structures which may be included in the plan. Figures are as follows:
Figure 1 - Rock Vane
Figure 2 - J Hook
Figure 3 - Cross Vane
11) ITEMS OF WORK
Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction
details therefore are:
a. Construct stream stabilization measures at the Estes site on Roan Creek in Ashe County at
the locations as shown on the construction drawings and as directed by the Engineer.
b. Ingress and egress of equipment and materials shall be only at locations and through routes
as approved by the Engineer.
c. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install 3 Cross Vane(s) which
will require approximately 180 rocks.
d. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to seed all disturbed areas, which
will be approximately 0.75 acres.
USDA-NRCS page 3 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
e. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to establish permanent woody vegetation. The woody
vegetation shall consist of. See Attached Information
number species
uw-Ter species
number
species
f. Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.
Angle
USDA-NRCS page 4 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

Angle
degrees)
Slope
(in percent)
J Hook
Cross Section
ok
View
Figure 2
(after Rosgen)
Slope
(in percent)
Cross Vane
Cross Section
Figure 3
(after Rosgen)
USDA-NRCS page 5 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999
Streamside Woody Vegetation Establishment
This work consist of securing and planting permanent woody vegetation using rooted stock, unrooted stock and
on site transplants.
Care and Handling
Planting stock should be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Roots of bareroot stock shall be kept
moist during planting operations. Container or potted stock shall be kept moist at all times. The root balls of
transplanted stock must be kept moist.
Site Preparation
Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored. On recently graded sites use
temporary seedings, anchored mulch or erosion control fabrics to provide surface protection until woody
vegetation becomes established. Sod may be killed-by non-selective herbicides the year previous to planting
stock (follow all federal, state and local regulations in the use of herbicides). When hand planting; scalp an area
at least 3 feet in diameter and 2'4 inches deep. Place plant in the center of the scalped area. On sites where
equipment cannot be operated safely and there are concerns about potential erosion use a non-selective herbicide
to kill vegetation in a 36 inch wide circle or 36 inch wide strip and plant in the center of the killed vegetation. If
the site is a row crop site, reasonably free of weeds, plant stock in the stubble without prior preparation. Sites
with undesirable brush will need initial treatments to facilitate planting and follow-up treatments to prevent
reencroachment.
Planting
Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally growing. Plant rooted stock in a vertical
position with the root collar approximately '/2 inch below the soil surface. The planting trench or hole must be
deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread out and down without J-rooting. Insert dormant cuttings
to the depth required to reach adequate soil moisture, leaving 2 to 3 buds above ground. After planting pack soil
around each plant firmly to remove air pockets.
Plant List
Plant Types/
Mature Height
Shrubs, less than 10
Feet in height
Shrubs and trees from
10 to 25 feet in height
Plant to Plant Spacing Plant List
# Per Acre
#Per 1000 Sq. Ft.
3 to 6 feet *Buttonbush, *#`Bankers' Dwarf Willow
1210-4840 *Elderberry, Highbush Blueberry,
28-110 Hazelnut
6 to 8 feet Alder, Deciduous Holly, Crabapple,
680-1742 Red Chokeberry, *Silky Dogwood,
15-28 *Silky Willow, Spicebush,
*#`Streamco' Willow, Serviceberry,
Washington Hawthorne, Witch Hazel
Trees greater than 25 8 to 12 feet Black Cherry, *Black Willow,
Feet in height 302-680 Green Ash, Red Maple, River Birch
7-15 Sycamore, Yellow Poplar, Black Walnut
Persimmon
NOTES: * = Plants suitable for use as dormant cuttings, space cuttings 1.5-2.5 feet apart, 160-
445 cuttings per 1000 sq. ft. or 6970-19360 cuttings per acre;
# = Non-native plants; Plants listed in bold have wildlife value
y
Streamside Herbaceous Vegetation Specifications
The work shall consist of preparing the area, furnishing and placing seed, sprigs, sod mats, mulch,
fertilizer, inoculate, soil amendments and anchoring mulch in the designated areas as specified;
streambanks, access areas and other areas disturbed by construction activities.
Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be adequately loosened and smoothed.
Disking or cultipacking or both may be necessary. On sites where equipment cannot operate safely, the
seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide a roughened surface so that seed will stay in place.
If seeding is done immediately following construction, seedbed preparation may not be required except on
compacted, polished or freshly cut areas.
Fertilizing
Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded. Uniformly mix lime and fertilizer into the
top 3 inches of the soil. Where surface materials are predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation
is required. Apply lime and fertilizer according to soil test results or at the following rates.
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Lime 50-100 lbs. 1-2 tons
10-10-10 Fertilizer 9-12 lbs. 4-500 lbs.
Sod Mats
Strip and stockpile mats of existing desirable herbaceous vegetation. Insure that several inches of sod
remains attached to the vegetation. The root systems must remain moist while the vegetation is stockpiled.
Place the mats on the lower bank slopes and anchor in place.
Seedin
Temporary Seeding - Use where needed for erosion and pollution control, when permanent
vegetation cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established.
Fall, Winter, Spring Seeding Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Oats 2 lbs. 3 bu.
Wheat 2 lbs. 3 bu.
Summer Seeding
Sudangrass 1 lb. 35-45 lbs.
Browntop Millet 1 lb. 30-40 lbs.
Permanent Seeding - Use in combination with woody plantings on the upslope side of the riparian
planting. Spring planting time is ideal for native perennial warm season grasses. These grasses should be
used when enhancing wildlife habitat is a goal of the riparian planting. Spring planted seed should be
treated with a cold wet chill process to maximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a
lightly sowed cool season annual to hold the soil and do not need the wet chill process. To improve wildlife
habitat existing stands of fescue can be killed using an appropriate herbicide and warm season grasses can
be no-till planted into the sod. Omit fertilizer when establishing native grasses, fertilizer can be applied the
second year to improve the stand.
Fall, Spring Seeding Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Tall Fescue 1 lb. 50 lbs.
-Native warm season grasses-
Big, Little or Broomsedge Bluestein 0.2 lbs. PLS (pure live seed) 5 lbs. PLS
Eastern Gamma Grass or Switchgrass 0.5 lb. PLS 10 lbs. PLS
Mulching
Mulching should be performed within 48 hours of seeding. Grain straw mulch should be applied on seeded
areas at a rate of 3 bales per 1000 square feet or 1.5 tons per acre. Apply mulch uniformly. Anchor mulch
with a mulch crimper, asphalt tackifier or appropriate mulch netting.
Seeding and Planting Guidelines
Riparian Seeding and Planting Guidelines
07/13/06
These guidelines will provide the methods to be used for reestablishing riparian vegetation.
They will include seedbed preparation, nutrient enhancement, temporary seeding, permanent
seeding, and erosion control. Methodology for planting sod mats, live stakes, and trees will also
be presented.
Herbaceous Vegetation
Sod mats
Prior to sloping stream banks within easement areas the sod on these banks will be removed.
Mats should be deep enough to contain a majority of the roots. These mats should be stockpiled
for later use. After banks are sloped the mats should be placed from the bankfull elevation down
to the normal water line or onto the interberm feature. Mats should be laid as close to one
another as possible and pushed into the under laying soil. Openings between mats should be
filled with soil and seeded with temporary seed mix. Mats should be fertilized at a rate of 25 lbs.
per 1000 sq. ft. and watered using a pump or by dipping water out of the creek with a clean
track-hoe bucket
Seed
Seedbed Preparation: On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be
adequately loosened and smoothed. This may require disking and dragging. On sites where
equipment cannot operated safely, the seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide
a roughened surface so that seed will stay in place. If seeding is done immediately following
construction, seedbed preparation may be required only on areas where heavy equipment has
caused compaction of the ground.
Fertilizing: Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded using a tractor
mounted fertilizer spreader or with a hand held fertilizer spreader. Uniformly mix lime and
fertilizer into the top 3 inches of the soil using a drag or hand rake. Where surface materials
are predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation is required. Apply lime and fertilizer
according to soil test or at the following rates.
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Lime 1001bs. 2 ton
18-46-00 Fertilizer* 12 lbs. 500 lbs.
*(half of fertilizer will be applied in fall at planting and other half in spring)
Seeding:
Temporary seeding - Use where needed for erosion control, when permanent vegetation
cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established. Apply the following vegetation at the
listed rates.
Seeding and Planting Guidelines
Fall, Winter, and Spring Seeding
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Japanese Millet %2 lb. 20 lbs.
Winter Wheat 1 lbs. 40 lbs.
Summer Seeding
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Sudangrass 1 lb. 40 lbs.
Brownton Millet 1. lb. 40 lbs.
07/13/06
Permanent Seeding - Use in combination with woody plantings on the up-slope side of
the riparian area and down to the bankfull elevation. This mixture can be planted at any time but
will do best in spring or late fall. Spring planted seed should be treated with a cold wet chill
process to maximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a lightly sown cool
season annual to hold soil and does not need to be chilled. Seeding should be done evenly over
the area using a mechanical or hand seeder. A drag should be used to cover the seed with no
more than % inch of soil. Where a drag can not safely be utilized the seed should be covered by
hand raking.
All seasons: WNC Riparian Diversity Mix (as described on the attached sheet)
'/4 lb. per 1000 sq. ft. and 10 lbs. per Acre
Erosion Control: All seeded areas, areas disturbed by heavy equipment, or other areas disturbed
by mitigation activities should be protected from erosion by installation of erosion control
blankets or matting.
Woody Vegetation
Live stakes (unrooted material)
Live stake material should be dormant and gathered locally or purchased from a reputable
commercial supplier. Stakes should be %i to 3 inches in diameter and living based on the
presence of young buds and green bark. Stakes should be kept cool and moist to improve
survival and to maintain dormancy. Stakes should be driven into the ground using a rubber
hammer or by creating a hole and slipping the stake into it. The ground around the stake should
be firmed against the stake after planting. Stakes should be placed so that 75% of the stake is
below the ground and 2 or 3 buds are above ground. Stakes should be planted on a 2 - 3 foot
spacing and at a density of 160 - 360 stakes per 1000 sq. ft.
Bare rooted or potted stock
Care and handling: Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored.
These plants should be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Roots of bareroot
stock should be kept moist during planting operations. Bareroot material should only be
planted during Winter and early Spring. Container or potted stock shall be kept moist at all
times. Do not let roots freeze or dry out prior to planting.
2
NOL.
Seeding and Planting Guidelines
07/13/06
Site Preparation: The soil in the area of tree planting should be loosened to a depth of at least 1
foot. This is only necessary on hard compacted soil.
Planting:
On site material - Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally
growing.
Potted stock - Planting should be done mechanically or by hand using a shovel. The planting
trench or hole must be deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread out and down
without J-rooting. Potted stock should be planted in a hole 2-3 times the diameter of the root
ball and at the same depth as the root ball. When setting plants, be certain to plant them high.
Locate the root ball on solid soil and not loose backfill. Wire baskets do not need to be
completely removed from large field grown trees. Be sure to remove plastic liners or synthetic
burlap materials. Construct an earthen dam 4-6 inches high around the drip zone area of the
plant after planting. This will allow for self watering and runoff will be minimized.
Bare rooted stock - Bare rooted material can be planted using a hoedad or a dibble bar (see
diagram below). Planting slits for bare rooted material should be 6-8 inches in diameter and
should be at least 8-12 inches deep. Damaged roots should be trimmed. Plants should be
placed with the root collar slightly below the soil surface. Holes and slits should be closed
completely, including and especially at the bottom of the hole.
Spacing of rooted Woody Vegetation - the following guidelines should be used for spacing
Guidelines for Planting Bare-Root Plantp
Whle transportrg pmts, keep the roots clamp and outcf
the stn. C„ refu7y cpai to the plar= ", if notary,
o uie A to orte thud of the r= syvtcrn. To make an ade-
c,IZe hcla for planting. use a r,&n r x3 d.mle t-,x or shad. \ \ i
1 L5g a hGe deep t?xgh so the roots reran straight
and soread W. J avadabe, pUC0 tCxtzor n the fem. \rA
•2 set the.^.eedrrg rn the hole.
3 Ck--e hCle at bottom and tcp him
dtba bar ar maid n dirt abav e
root ocGY.
4 tviaka we the hick u straight
and tarnn the soil to imi
air ooclscA "bier thc?y.
rooted woody vegetation.

ti
?.? Type spacing # per 1000 sq ft

Shrubs, less than 10 ft. in height 3 - 6 ft. 27-111
Shrubs and Trees, 10 -25 ft. in height 6 - 8 ft. 15 - 27
Trees greater than 25 ft. in height _ 8 - 15 ft. 4-15
Plant List
Herbaceous, permanent seed mixture labeled "WNC Riparian Diversity Mix"
Seeding and Planting Guidelines
t
Botanical Name Common Name % of Mix Lbs
Acer rubrum Red Maple 2.5 0.25
Acer saccharium Silver Maple 2.5 0.25
Alisma subcordatum Water Plantain 2.5 0.25
Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry 2.5 0.25
Asclepias incamata Swamp Milkweed 2.5 0.25
Carex lupilina Hop Sedge 5 0.5
Cephalanthus occidentalis. Button Bush 7.5 0.75
Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood 5 0.5
Elymus virginicus Va. Wild Rye 10 1
Eupatorium fistulosa Joe Pye Weed 2.5 0.25
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash 2.5 0.25
Ilex verticillata Winterberry 2.5 0.25
Juncus effusus Soft Rush 2.5 0.25
Leersia oryzoides Rice Cut Grass 10 1
Lindera benzoin Spicebush 2.5 0.25
Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum 2.5 0.25
Onoclea sensibillis Sensitive Fern 5 0.5
Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed 2.5 0.25
Sagittaria latifolia Arrowhead 2.5 0.25
Sambucus canadensis Elderberry 5 0.5
Scirpus americanus 3 Square Bulrush 2.5 0.25
Scirpus atrovirens Green Bulrush 5 0.5
Scirpus cypemus Woolgrass 10 1
Scirpus validus Softstem Bulrush 2.5 0.25
Mix Seeding Rate (lbs./ac.) 10
07/13/06
This mixture was taken from the list of plants that begins on the following page. It was created
from a database compiled by TVA and distributed on CD format as a product called "Banks &
Buffers" (Tennessee Valley Authority. 1996. Banks & Buffers, A guide to selecting native
plants for streambanks and shorelines; Riparian Plant Selector, Version 1.0; Environmental
Research Center and Clean Water Initiative, Muscle Shoals, AL.). As more information
becomes available we will add to this list in an effort to encompass as many riparian species
native to Western North Carolina as possible.
Shrub and tree species listed on the following pages will be planted at mitigation sites as either
live stakes, potted stock, balled stock or bare root stock. These plantings will take place in the
winter or early spring. Spacing suggestions should be used as guidelines, but can be varied
depending on species requirements and landscape objectives. For example species that are
commonly found growing in clumped distributions should be planted that way. It is desirable for
the final distribution of trees and shrubs to have a more natural, random appearance. In order to
accomplish this exact spacing should be avoided and mixing of various species should be done.
4
V 1 Seeding and Planting Guidelines
Plants native to the riparian and wetland areas of Western North Carolina
Type Common Name Scientific Name Flooding
07/13/06
Light Wetland pH wildlife region
val.
1 American Pillwort
1 Cinnamon Fern
1 Netted Chain Fern
1 Royal Fern
1 Sensitive Fern
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
American Lotus
American Pondweed
Arrowhead
Broad-leaf Cattail
Cardinal Flower
Hollow Joe-pye-weed
Narrow-leaf Cattail
Pickerelweed.
Spotted Touch-me-not
Swamp Milkweed
Swamp Rose Mallow
Virginia Blueflag
Water Plantain
Waterwillow
White Waterlily
Yellow Cowlily
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Creeping Spikerush
Green Bulrush
Hop Sedge
Rice Cutgrass
River Cane
River Oats
Slender Spikerush
Soft Rush
Sofistem Bulrush
Square-stem Spikerush
Three-square Bulrush
Virginia Wildrye
Woolgrass
Bluet
Pilularia americana
Osmunda cinnamomea
Woodwardia areolata
Osmunda regalis
Onoclea sensibilis
Nelumbo lutea
Potamogeton nodosus
Sagittaria latifolia
Typha latifolia
Lobelia cardinalis
Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus
Typha angustifolia
Pontederia cordata
Impatiens capensis
Asclepias incarnata
Hibiscus moscheutos
Iris virginica
Alisma subcordatum
Justicia americana
Nymphaea odorata
Nuphar luteum
Eleocharis palustris
Scirpus atrovi
Carex lupulina
Leersia oryzoides
Arundinaria gigantea
Chasmanthium latifolium
Eleocharis acicularis
Juncus effusus
Scirpus validus
Eleocharis quadrangulata
Scirpus americanus
Elymus virginicus
Scirpus cyperinus
Houstonia serpyllifolia
Reg sun obli 0-7 birds all
Irreg to reg Part to shade Fac.wet 0-7 birds all
seas to reg all obli less birds all
seas to reg Part to shade obli 0-7 birds, sm all
Irreg to reg all facu 0-7 birds all
reg to perm sun
perm sun
seas-perm sun to shade
seas-perm sun
irreg-seas sun
irreg-seas sun
seas-perm sun
seas-perm sun-part.sh
irreg-seas part.sh
irreg-reg sun-part.sh
seas-reg sun-part.sh
seas-perm sun
seas-perm sun
reg-perm sun-part.sh
reg-perm sun-part.sh
reg-perm sun-part.sh
oblig 0-7 birds,SM all
oblig 7 birds,SM all
oblig all B, Sm all
oblig all B, Sin all
fac.wet 0-7 B, Sm all
facu 0-7 birds all
oblig all B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
fac.wet 0-7 B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 birds all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
oblig 0-7 B, Sm all
seas-perm sun-part. oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-reg sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-reg sun-part. oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
reg-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all.
irreg-seas sun-part. fac.wet 0-7 B,Sm all
irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-perm sun-part. fac.wet 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
seas-reg sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
4 Bushy St. Johnswort Hypericum densiflonrm irreg-seas sun-part fac.wet 0-7 birds all
4 Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis seas-perm sun-part oblig all B,Srn Lm all
4 Wild Hydrangea Hydrangea arborescens irreg part.-shade fac.upl 0-7 B,Sm all
4 Yellowroot Xanthorhiza simplicissima irreg-seas part.-shade fac.wet 0-7 birds all
5 American Witch-hazel Hamamelis virginiana irreg part fac upl 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Brookside Alder Alnus serrulata irreg-reg sun fac wet 0-7 birds all
5 Carolina Buckthorn Rhamnus caroliniana irreg part fac upl all B,Sm all
5 Carolina Willow Salix caroliniana seas-reg sun-part. oblig 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Common Pawpaw Asiminia triloba irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 Sm all
5 Elderberry Sambucus canadensis irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Red Chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
5 Silky Dogwood Comus amomuin irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet all B,Sm all
5 Silky Willow Salix sericea irreg-reg sun-part. oblig 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5
~ ceding and Planting Guidelines
07/13/06
5 Spicebush Lindera benzoin irreg-seas part.-shade fac wet 0-7 birds all
5 Winterberry Ilex verticillata irreg-reg part.-shade fac wet 0-7 B,Sm all
5 Sweet Azalea Rhododendron arborescens irreg part fac wet acid B,Lm F,H,Lt
5 Rhododendron Rhododendron catawbiense
6 American Hombeam Caipinus caroliniana irreg-seas all facu acid B,Sm all
6 Eastern Hornbeam Ostrya virginiana irreg part.-shade fac. Upl 0-7 B,Sm all
7 Baldcypress Taxodium distichum all sun - part oblig 0-7 birds all
7 Black Walnut Juglans nigra irreg sun - part fac upl 0-7 Sm all
7 Black Willow Salix nigra seas perm sun oblig 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
7 Blackgurn Nyssa sylvatica irreg-reg all oblig-fac 0-7 B,Srn Lm all
7 Boxelder Acer negundo irreg all fac wet 0-7 birds all
7 Eastern Cottonwood Populus deltoides irreg-seas sun facu 0-7 birds all
7 Green Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica irreg-reg all fac wet 0-7 B,Sm all
7 Honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos irreg-seas sun facu 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
7 Persimmon Diospyros virginiana irreg-seas sun - part facu 0-7 B,Sm4Lm all
7 Red Maple Acer rubrum irreg-reg all obli-fac 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
7 Red Mulberry Morus rubra irreg-seas part - shade facu 0-7 B,Sm all
7 River Birch Betula nigra irreg - seas sun fac wet 0-7 birds all
7 Silver Maple Acer saccharinum irreg all fac wet 0-7 birds all
7 Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua irreg - reg sun facu 0-7 B,Sm all
7 Sycamore Platanus occidentalis irreg - seas sun - part fac wet 0-7 B,Sm all
7 American Basswood Tilia americana irreg all fac upl 0-7 B,Sm Ho,F,Lt
7 Eastern Hemlock Tsuga canadensis
Plant Typ e
Fern or fern allies 1
Em, float, or well herb 2
Grass, sedge, or rush 3
Small Shrub 4
Large Shrub 5
Small Tree 6
Large Tree 7
ITEMS OF WORK:
The area 6.5 feet above the bankfull elevation should be stabilized using either a coir fiber mat or
coir/straw blanket. A 4 ft. wide jute blanket should be installed up-slope of the 6.5 ft. strip. All of these
materials should be installed and stapled according to the attached diagram and instruction. Staples should
be installed on a 2 ft. spacing.
6
Stream
Customer(s): RUSSELL G ESTES
- Roads
County Boundary
0 practice-instance-point
- practice_instance_polyline
D practice - instance-polygon
land unit
4MO/ Water Bodies
Image:Ortho-imagery
Field Office: JEFFERSON SERVICE CENTER
Agency: NRCS
State and County: NC, ASHE
D
JUL 2 6 2006
DENR - WATGU _.._ _
OKI
el

SOIL SURVEY OFASHE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Russell Estes Stream Restoration
w ti
USDA Nag- Res?ca
i C.'"26" swke
Meters Feet
0 20 40 80 0 50 100 200 300 400
Web Soil Survey 1.1
National Cooperative Soil Survey
7/20/2006
Page I of 3

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SOIL SURVEY OF ASHE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Russell Estes Stream Restoration
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Soil Map Units
o Cities Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Q Detailed Counties Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov
Detailed States
Interstate Highways Coordinate System: UTM Zone 17
Roads Soil Survey Area: Ashe County, North Carolina
Rails Spatial Version of Data: 1
Water Soil Map Compilation Scale: 1:24000
Hydrography
Oceans
AYAYAYAY Escarpment, bedrock
vnv..vnv. Escarpment, non-bedrock
Gulley
uuuuuuur Levee
.......... Slope
W Blowout
® Borrow Pit
X. Clay Spot
? Depression, closed
= Eroded Spot
X Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Gulley
Lava Flow
® Landfill Map comprised of aerial images photographed on these dates:
1 Marsh or Swamp 3/19/1994
O Miscellaneous Water
- Rock Outcrop
+ Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Slide or Slip
O Sinkhole
9 Sodic Spot
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and
M Spoil Area digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps.
0 Stony Spot As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
O Perennial Water
USDA xanual Rewrerres t Wet Spot Web Soil Survey 1.1 7/20/2006
Lc fow erratioa Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 2 of 3
.
Soil Survey of Ashe County, North Carolina Russell Estes Stream Restoration
Map Unit Legend Summary
Ashe County, North Carolina
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
Co Colvard Fine sandy loam 6.9 83.6
WaF Watauga loam, 25 to 45 1.4 16.4
percent slopes
USDA Natural Rewarm Web Soil Survey 1.1 7/20/2006
LL.?j Cauenatioo SmIce National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 3 of 3
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Top ti E, O J 1507 - F > OC O 159? 4
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W. BUFFALO O (r 1 \•O r• yC? 1SS THE PEAK 1609 t S 9 . n!
133 1133 / ?j 1 11 11
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ouffoil o 'a zzl 1yL6af,• _ WNERACCEa5 + LY ° 11161•
ZN Ch. 1203 NEST - -, ' H 1219 p" , 590 1595 tq(? ?yM\ 1 Laurel Sprint
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12 P oRyQ. _613
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° LIB i ; MLJEFFERSCf1 1261 ° plt 'T EAS n' Low Cop KNOBMINE ,606 4 TroriwV 1614
665 ORE 1662
ST. PARK ' 1155 or 00 l! ?: Ch. 1590 1665'
1133 ''• - .. ??r ;,;' p\1270 'v 6 IG?.7. i ?Y \\ ?m s. ISaS. VALL cOFY A. '?•'
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9// 8 1130 ?T?O/? \ r ' ' u •v Ci \a 9 07a flldgo Knob 'B Ebenezer m SFAIi?iLD y/ r? ,
lo ?3 T7 INDUSTR3IAL _ 1155 Ch. 1622 f?" " 16,14. `'y 1r } v
0 Ch. 6 615 -Y 9 1613
fL\S,t i7URSCi 1?25 ?. ?1.. PC1VER 162© I 5 / '9 76 ©WUN 1616 )?'! a ?7 ?,<, ''1l
(2 41 1,140 RAY DRIVE 12811 . r CK GiURC 13 P S A!? m p 1622 - '' 1616 4
BEAVEHCK. (? ^?? : N .1239 1230 .n 0/ 9? 2 1 ? pOCIIUNT 1619. Am p
p1
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GIMP/S 1130 7 1 144.6 ?21 I I a5 rP qy? J 1 1 \ •1 , r, ' 1159 (y_ I t % \'., ?y h1 \ Q' i- ,q r? s D
Royo 94 125(1 ?. e MASI1 RTUART Q3 US1 V 16x9 P _ DON BARE
)?)3°. .5 ALVIN.rr 1143 G;TUVER r 1147 1599 1220 IZ12 J Y ? 4' P1620,
1142 CJ "3? 12452 ?? 1!? f101YLU Othello•'? -? J ° 1150 y ?• o
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Baldw ?izi2L1voi+N! # ! ° o -"
PO %
HE . ?IIpIX iC 1 SPRINGS
;1091221 12a>yl(L' MULATTO 9( 4 GUC R
1\'! o OIDE DR. MTN. Pf ?i101 ?192s x',161 1359 it
CK C@ 'v. 1276 '9 ?',? ?? N: 76 1161• `o . , --•1? 't J\
t Vt >' 1145 PAl1LGOODM N O mss 1177 OethelCn, MASH ^/0911?6? L ;1? ' IXDWLKES ?w
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' o
\ 121 P '? E RECREATION
- - ??., 3 •`, 1 79
1 Z 1100 / 1101 O 1201 •1 1159 'f\•
(,0J- N A r i I n \ • 0 SUL?4tP =' o/ A ? Sa f' \ N ° 1`- 1
G? qq lz.? ti II81 OR Ashe County features a wide ra
- 1106. Sal `• ,Y'. ?'° G
ational activity. The county is the he
S?? 1711` `. 1E9 ROCK QUARRY ;1; m ,.° 16 , 6 „K4 .4 tain Aire Golf Club and Jefferson
019 Flat tfi ` 1213 " ''T ! ` r s -)3 ?'r X12"' , 1P5 OOIDS beautiful eighteen hole golf course
-
J ?••!° 1181 F 1 3 -1164
Ch. MERWINDSIIIILSIDEFARM \ ?' Q
O 1179 (?1" 1103 Obids' m 1P, Beaver Creek and Jefferson. Two put
Fleetwood r• \ 1160 ^ • •1 Cfy? 1159 1 `?aRO?D 22 CONLFt • 1003 pools are also available. The Ashe
11°5 GftgOF Ilo6 1216 CHEEK :? IDIf1HLD G11SP{11146 DANIELS
T 1169 I.o W?
' • GAP located in Jefferson, offers several:
?Ty Al NSW;; r / i(aT 100.3 \•3
,103 0,u8 N 2'6
picnic areas, boating and other activil
4' 771 rates N .4 Ridge z. I
Ch. 4 Jefferson Park provides a variety
05 ?RCL GROVE h , h 6 Idlewlld 1566 \ L\e1 ?7Ai?r.a > L6s j 003 1'0 ,;,z VSO 69 i activities for young and old alike.
Liberty Grove Ch., • da 116
' . - In addition to the above activities
1103 5 OEEPGAP has a dazzling array of open areas p
Wo,
S s 1169 '•? r 4SWAMP door activities. Many miles of trout
3
_) •1 11O1ESTAE
:Uttu,,, throughout the county. The abunda
1.6 11-03 "LPN including deer and wild turkey, mak
SPRB.rs FINE 5
I'? MGiEG< PHILLIPS a hunter's dream.
The county is home to Mount J(
4! Park and New River State Park. Mc
C 771 `•
s 6 5 offers hiking and picnicking while ti
O A State Park features camping and c 10 41 1 TIIOMPKINS areas of the New River Park are <
\ KNOB ELEV. canoe \ only.
4,100
The Blue Ridge Parkway passe
}- county. The Parkway offers a stunni
visitors.
SUSSEX 1531 .................................. D-1
RASH SCHOOL 1312 ........................ A-2 SAVE 1239..................................... G3 SUTHERLAND 1118.......................... A-3
RAY 1225 ......................................... C-3 SADDLE GAP 1194........................... B-3 SWANSIE SHEPHERD 1338 ............. B-2
RAY DAVIS 1525 ............................... C-1 SAWYERS 1384 ............................... G2 TEABERRY 1347 .............................. 02
RAY MILLER 1187 ............................. DA SEATS 1107 ..................................... B-5 THREE TOP 1100 .......................... B-3,4
' RED HILL1545 ................................. D•1 SEVERT 1201................................... 0.4 TODD RAILROAD GRADE 1103 ...- 0.4,5
REN01102 ...................................... D4 SHATLEY 1578 ................................. D-3 TOM ABSHER 1645.......................... E-2 1
'1 ncnY\IAI 11Aa ... DA C,HA'n FV SPl1iW ;S 11,74 ........ D-2 •_ ' _ --tr Ll
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