HomeMy WebLinkAbout20181346 Ver 1_AR12-10-0031effects_20181005Project Tracking No. (Internal Use)
12-10-0031
NO PREHISTORIC OR HISTORIC PROPERTIES
PRESENT/AFFECTED FORM
PROJECT INFORMATION
Project No
WBS No:
F.A. No:
Str.# 100037
17BP.13.R.2
na
Federal (IISACE) Permit Required?
Project Description:
County:
Document
Buncombe
Minimum Criteria Sheet
Funding: � State ❑ Federal
� Yes ❑ No Permit Type: Corps 404/DWQ 401
The project calls for the replacement of Bridge No. 37 on SR 2786 (Morgan Hill Road) over Rush Branch
in Buncombe County. The archaeological Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the project is defined as a
400 foot (121.92 m) long corridor running 200 feet (60.96 m) northwest and 200 feet (60.96 m) southeast
along SR 2786 from the center of Bridge No. 37. The corridor is approximately 100 feet (30.48 m) wide
extending 50 feet (15.24 m) on either side of the road from its present center.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) reviewed the subject project and determined:
Archaeology
� There are no National Register-listed or Study Listed properties within the project's area of potential
effects.
❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations are required for this project.
❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources.
� Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible
for the National Register.
� All identified Archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for
archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has
been completed for this project.
� There are no historic properties present or affected by this project. (Attach any notes or documents as
needec�
`7Jo Historic Properfies Present"form for Minor Transportafion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmafic Agreement.
NCDOT Archaeology & Historic Architecture Groups
12-10-0031
SUMMARY OF CULTURAL RESOURCES REVIEW
Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
Bridge No. 37 is south of Black Mountain, north of Bat Cave, and east of Fairview in the southeastern
portion of Buncombe County, North Carolina. The project area is plotted in the southeast corner of the
Black Mountain USGS 7.5' topographic quadrangle (Figure 1).
A map review and site file search was conducted at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on October
30, 2012. No previously recorded archaeological sites have been identified within or adjacent to the APE,
and no sites are found within a mile radius of bridge. In addition, no existing National Register of
Historic Places (NRHP), State Study Listed (SL), Locally Designated (LD), Determined Eligible (DE), or
Surveyed Site (SS) properties are within or adjacent to the archaeological APE according to the North
Carolina State Historic Preservation Office online data base (HPOWEB 2012). Topographic maps,
USDA soil survey maps, aerial photographs (NC One Map), and historic maps (North Carolina maps
website) were utilized to gage environmental factors that may have contributed to prehistoric or historic
settlement within the project limits and to assess the level of ground disturbance. An archaeological field
and reconnaissance survey was conducted on November 6, 2012, to help assess the project area.
Bridge No. 37 and SR 2786 cross Rush Branch roughly from the northwest to the southeast (Figure 2).
The stream runs south for approximately 150 feet (46 m) and drains into the Broad River. This stream
confluence is just outside the APE. Also, another unnamed drainage runs along the west side of SR 2786.
It joins with Rush Branch just after it crossing under the bridge and before it empties into the Broad. The
project area east of SR 2786 is situated on a stream terrace southeast of the bridge and along a gentle
hillside to the northeast (Figure 3). The landform to the west of SR 2786 is on steep hillside that descends
into the drainageways. Property to the east is mostly open with a large barn and a picnic pavilion, while
the hillside to the west is forested. Rush Branch and/or hillside slope occupies three of the four quadrants
preventing subsurface investigations. Testing was only carried out on the level stream terrace. Overall,
ground disturbance appears minimal.
A review of the USDA soil survey map shows that the Dellwood-Reddies complex (DeA) encompasses
the entire APE, but is it likely the hillside to the west is composed of the neighboring Edneyville-Chestnut
complex (EdF) and hillside to the northeast is made up of the Toecane-Tusquitee complex (TpD) (Figure
4). The Dellwood-Reddies complex consists of moderately well drained sandy soils found on slope of 0
to 3 percent. It is also subject to occasional flooding. This series has the possibility for prehistoric and
historic settlement activities due to being mostly dry, fairly level, and its close proximity to fresh water.
Therefore, an archaeological �eld investigation was recommended along this soil type. The hillside to the
west is most likely composed of the Edneyville-Chestnut complex. Although this series is depicted
outside of the APE on the soil survey, the contour image suggests that it actually falls within the APE
along the western hillside. This complex consists of well drained loamy soils, but slope is steep at 50 to
95 percent. Soil erosion is typically moderate. Likewise, the hillside to the northeast is probably
composed of the Toecane-Tusquitee complex. This is also well drained loamy soils with a heavy
concentration of rocks. Slope is between 15 and 30 percent. Generally, slope of 15 percent or more will
not yield signi�cant archaeological sites. As a result, no subsurface testing is required on this two soil
types.
No previously recorded sites have been reported in the vicinity of the bridge. This is due to no
archaeological investigations having been conducted in this section of the county. Investigations are
needed in this area in order to draw any conclusions on the predictability of site locations based upon
previously known sites.
A historic map review was also conducted for the project area. Most early maps from the 18th and 19th
centuries provide only general details concerning the region illustrating just major roads and settlements.
`7Jo Historic Properties PresenY' form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
NCDOT Archaeology & Historic Architecture Groups
12-10-0031
It is not until the 20th century that more accurate maps are published. The 1902 Mt. Mitchell USGS
topographic map is likely one of the �rst in which the project area can be approximately located (Figure
5). This map shows that the project area was once located in McDowell County. It also plots a road
similar to SR 2786 with a crossing over the Rush Branch near the current bridge. Although a structure is
plotted northeast of the crossing, it is outside of the APE and considered insigni�cant. Subsequent early
20th century maps such as the U.S. Postal map of McDowell County fail to provide any new information.
From this review, it seems very unlikely for significant deposits associated with a former historic
structure to be within the project area.
The archaeological field investigation consisted of four shovel test placements (STPs) along the stream
terrace in the southeastern quadrant at 15 m(49 ft) intervals (see Figures 2 and 4). As previously
mentioned, no STPs were placed in the northeast, southeast, or southwest quadrants since slope is at or
exceeds 15 percent. The soil profile consist three strata. The upper or surface layer is dark brown
(lOYR 3/3) sandy loam that is approximately 25 cm (10 in) thick. This appears to be the plowzone. It is
followed by a dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/6) loamy sand that extends at least 45 cm (18 in) below the
surface. The final stratum is either a yellowish brown (lOYR 6/6) or strong brown (7.SYR 4/6) sand that
reaches at least 80 cm (31 in) below the surface. Two STPs (#1 and 4) were positive for prehistoric
material, but only STP#1 falls within the APE as the site extends outside of the project limits to the
northeast. The site was recorded as 31BN988. A surface inspection was also carried out on exposed
surfaces near the APE, but failed to yield additional material.
Newly recorded 31BN988 dates to the Connestee phase (A.D. 200-800) of the Middle Woodland period.
It is situated at the edge of the stream terrace overlooking Rush Branch to the northwest (Figure 6). The
site size is unknown, but only a very small portion resides within the APE. Previous impacts to the site
include SR 2786 to the west and a barn to the east. A total of three artifacts were collect from two STPs
during the subsurface investigation. STP#1 yielded a chalcedony flake from the �rst 20 cm (8 in)
(Stratum I), while STP#4 produced one ceramic rim sherd and a meta-volcanic flake from 25 to 40 cm
(10 to 16 in) below the surface (Stratum II) (Table 1). The ceramic sherd belongs to a Connestee series
vessel. It is tempered with �ne sand and displays a simple stamped exterior and smooth interior. The rim
is straight with a rounded lip. Site 31BN988 is most likely a short term habitation or campsite as the
landform is small and unlikely to have supported a large or long term population. Additional STPs to the
south and east were negative for cultural material suggesting the site might be confined to the stream
edge, but additional work outside of the APE is need in order to support this. Also, a more extensive site
could be present on the floodplain to the southeast on the other side of the Broad River. Regardless, the
portion of the site 31BN988 that falls within the current APE is recommended as ineligible for the NRHP,
since the only artifact recovered in this area was found in a disturbed plowzone. As a result, it is very
unlikely new and signi�cant information will be gained from this section of the site due to its limited
extent within a disturbed soil horizon and a low density of artifacts. If any deposits are present, they will
probably be found outside of the APE to the northeast, which is likely to contain the main body of this
site.
The de�ned archaeological APE for the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 37 is located on a stream
terrace to the southeast of bridge and along hillside slope elsewhere. The archaeological subsurface
investigation identi�ed one site (31BN988). Site 31BN988 occupies a small portion of the APE as the
majority of the site extends outside of the project limits. The site is recommended ineligible for the
NRHP within the APE due to a lack of subsurface deposits and a low artifact density. Sections of the
APE which were not subsurface tested are unlikely to yield significant archaeological resources due to
slope of 15 percent or greater. As a result of this work, the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 37 will
no impact any signi�cant archaeological resources. As long as impacts to the subsurface occur within the
defined APE, no further archaeological work is recommended for the replacement of Bridge No. 37 in
Buncombe County. If construction should affect subsurface areas beyond the defined APE, further
archaeological consultation will be necessary.
`7Jo Historic Properties PresenY' form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
NCDOT Archaeology & Historic Architecture Groups
12-10-0031
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: Map(s), Previous Survey Info, Photos, Correspondence, Photocopy of notes from survey.
Signed:
C. Damon Jones
Cultural Resources Specialist, NCDOT
`iUo Historic Properties Present"form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
NCDOT Archaeology & Historic Architecture Groups
11 /26/12
Date
12-10-0031
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photorevised 1969; photoinspected 1987), NC, USGS 7.S Topographic Quadrangle.
"No Historie Propertres Preseitl ",lorrn Jor Minor Trnnsportatian Rojects as QcraliJied i�i tbe 2007 Poograinniatrc A�reement.
NCDOT �JrcTraeo[oov & Hislarrc,9rcl�itecnue Groups
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Figure 2. Aerial photograph of the APE showing development, landforms, STPs, and site 31BN988 within and
near the project area.
"No Historie Propertres Preseitt",la�'�» 1or Minor Trmvsportalian Poajecds as QcraliJied in the 2007 PrograiJmiatrc Agreement.
NCDOT �JrcTraeo[oov & Hislarrc,9rcl�itecnue Groups
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No Historie Propertres Preseit! ",lorm Jor Minor Trmvsportalian Poajecds as QcraliJied in the 2007 PrograiJmiaNc A�reement.
NCDOT �JrcTraeo[oov & Hislarrc,9rcl�itecnue Groups
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8ure�rr�'�e �ourit�� h49eters �
Figure 4. Aerial photograph of the APE showing development, soils, STPs, and site 31 BN988 within the project
area.
"No Historie Propertres Preseitt",la�'�» 1or Minor Trmvsportalian Poajecds as QcraliJied in the 2007 PrograiJmiatrc Agreement.
NCDOT �JrcTraeo[oov & Hislarrc,9rcl�itecnue Groups
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Figure 6. General View of Site 31 BN3988, looking noi�th.
"No Historrc Propertres Preseitt",la�'�» 1or Minor TrmvsporXation Poajecds as QcraliJied in dhe 2007 PrograiJmiatrc Agreement.
NCDOT �JrcTraeo[oov & Hislarrc,9rcl�itecnue Groups
12-10-0031
Depth Weight Size
Site # Accession # Bag STP Strat (cmbs) Qty (g) Class Material Form (in) Description
31BN988 2012A252m1 1 1 I 0-20 1 0.1 lithic chalcedony debitage 0.50 tertiary thinning flake
31BN988 2012A252m2 2 4 II 25-40 1 0.1 lithic meta-volcanic debitage 0.50 tertiary thinning flake
31BN988 2012A252p3 2 4 II 25-40 1 12.4 ceramic clay sherd Connestee simple stamped; rim frag.
(straight rim, rounded lip).
Table 1. Artifact Inventory for Site 31BN988.
`No Historic Properties Present" form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
NCDOT Archaeology & Historic Architecture Groups
1�