WQ0014502_Final Permit_19971218

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
A±L1
DEN R
December 18, 1997
Cindy Flinn, PhD, Manager of Horticulture Research
Bion Technologies, Inc.
619-C South Third Street
Smithfield, North Carolina 27577
Subject: Permit No. WQ0014502
Bion Technologies, Inc.
Collection, Treatment, and Distribution of Swine
Waste Products of Exceptional Quality
Johnston County
Dear Ms. Flinn:
In accordance with your application received on September 30, 1997, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0014502, dated December 18, 1997, to Bion Technologies, Inc. for the collection,
treatment, distribution and marketing of a products containing swine waste which meet exceptional quality
standards.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until November 30, 2002, and shall be
subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the
monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system
for collecting and maintaining the required operational information will result in future compliance
problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Michael D. Alien at
[phone] extension 547. /
Sincere 7
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Johnston County Health Department
Raleigh Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 • Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
PERMIT FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUALS OF EXCEPTIONAL QUALITY
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Bion Technologies, Inc.
Johnston County
FOR THE
collection, treatment, distribution and marketing of approximately 34 dry tons per year of products
containing swine waste which meet exceptional quality standards, throughout the State of North Carolina,
with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received on September 30,
1997, and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed
and approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and considered a part of this
permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until November 30, 2002, and shall be
subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The Raleigh Regional Office, telephone number [phone], shall be notified at least
forty-eight (48) hours in advance of operation of the installed facilities so that an in-place
inspection can be made. Such notification to the regional supervisor shall be made during
the normal office hours from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday,
excluding State Holidays.
2. The program for the collection, treatment, distribution and marketing of a fertilizer
containing swine waste products which meet exceptional quality standards shall be
effectively maintained and operated as a non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of
any wastes resulting from the operation of this program.
3. This permit shall become voidable in the event of failure of the distribution and marketing
program to adequately protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters
and groundwaters.
4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
In the event that the residuals program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation
of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall take any immediate corrective actions as may be
required by the Division of Water Quality (Division).

6. Diversion or bypassing of the untreated residuals or leachate from the residual treatment
facilities is prohibited.
7. All leachate must be reused as a wetting agent for the processing of residuals or routed to
the head of the treatment plant.
8. When wastewater residuals are sold or given away, one of the Class A pathogen
requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) must be met. Additionally, an evaluation must be
performed which demonstrates the residuals ability to comply with this requirement. Upon
request, a copy of this evaluation must be submitted including all test results and
calculations.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. Only the residuals from the following farms have been approved to be collected, treated,
and distributed under the subject permit:
Volume
Farm Name Owner Location (Dry Tons per Year)
Quin Decca Farm Thomas Barefoot Angier 34
2. For a waste product of exceptional quality to be sold or given away in bags or other
container for application to the land, the following must be satisfied:
The Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) and the Pollutant Monthly
Average Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) must be maintained:
Ceiling Monthly Average
Concentrations Concentrations
Parameters mg/kg mfg
Cadmium
85
39
Copper
4,300
1,500
Lead
840
300
Nickel
420
420
Zinc
7,500
2,800
A label shall be affixed to the bag or other container in which, residuals that are sold or
given away for application to the land, or an information sheet shall be provided to the
person who receives the residuals sold or given away in an other container for application
to the land. The label or information sheet shall contain the following information:
a. The name and address of the person who prepared the residual that is sold or given
away in a bag or other container for application to the land.
b . A statement that application of the residual to the land is prohibited except in accordance
with the instructions on the label or information sheet.
c. A statement that the residuals shall not be applied to any site that is'flooded, frozen or
snow-covered.
d A statement that adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from
carrying any disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
e. A statement which identifies that this material shall be prevented from entering any
public or private water supply source (including wells) and any stream, lake, or river.

Ili. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division to insure protection of the environment will be
established and an acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all residual activities. These
records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a. source, volume and analysis of the poultry waste product
b. name of residuals' recipient, volume received, and intended use
3. A residual analysis shall be conducted annually from the date of permit issuance by the
Permittee. The results of all analysis shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a
minimum of five years. The residuals analysis shall include the following parameters:
Cadmium Nickel
Copper Zinc
Lead
Aluminum
pH
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Calcium
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
Magnesium
Potassium
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Sodium
% Total Solids
TKN
4. All residuals included in this permit must be monitored annually, from the date of permit
issuance, for compliance with condition 18 of this permit. Data to verify stabilization of
the residuals must be maintained by the Permittee. The required data is specific to the
stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to clearly demonstrate compliance
with the Class A pathogen requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a).
Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in
conditions 111 2, 111 3, and III 4 shall be submitted annually on or before March l of the
following year to the following address:
NC Division of Water Quality
Water Quality Section
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
6. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Raleigh Regional Office, telephone number
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any occurrence with the residual distribution program which results in the application
of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the distribution program resulting in a release of material to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.

d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system during transportation of
residuals.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within five (5) days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must
outline the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and treatment
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the
date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available to the
Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon
presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related
to the treatment site or facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining
compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the
terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain samples of groundwater, surface
water, or leachate.
V. GENERAL CONDITIONS
This permit shall become voidable unless the distribution activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner
approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of residuals described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
facilities to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request
must be submitted to the Division accompanied by an application fee, documentation from
the parties involved, and other supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval
of this request will be considered on its merits and may or may not be approved. .
4. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina
General Statute 143-215.6A to 143-215.6C.
5. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4)•
6. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.

7. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this perrnit., shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
8. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to
adequately protect the environment and public health.
Permit issued this the eighteenth day of December, 1997
NORTH C LINA EN NTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0014502

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