WQ0014100_Final Permit_19970813

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Mr. Patrick A. O'Neal, President
Chatham Development Corporation
102 Hardscrabble Drive.
Hillsborough, NC 27278
Dear Mr. O'Neal:
]V
C)EHNF =1
August 13, 1997
Subject: Permit No. WQ0014100
Weaver Crossing Lot #17
Single Family Wastewater
Drip Irrigation Facility
Wake County
In accordance with your application received July 9, 1997, we are forwarding herewith Permit No.
WQ0014100 dated August 13, 1997, to Chatham Development Corporation for the construction and
operation of the subject single family wastewater treatment and drip irrigation facilities.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 2002, and shall be subject to
the conditions and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring
requirements in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the
required operational information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the
North Carolina General Statutes, and fled with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer
27447, Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. J. Ray Cox at (919)
733-5083, extension 541.
Sincerely,
/A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Wake County Health Department
Dalton Engineering & Associates, P.A.
Raleigh Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Training and Certification Unit
Facilities Assessment Unit
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SINGLE FAMILY DRIP IRRIGATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Chatham Development Corporation
Wake County
construction and operation of a 480 GPD wastewater treatment and drip irrigation disposal system
consisting of a 1,000 gallon baffled septic tank, three recirculating surface sand filter modules of 53 ft2
each, an ultraviolet disinfection unit, a 3,000 gallon recirculating/dosing and pump tank with two 15 GPM
pumps, audible and visual high water alarms, a central hydraulic unit with disk filters (manufactured by
American Manufacturing Company), approximately 4,800 linear feet of dripper line, and a 16,000 ft2 drip
irrigation area to serve the residence on lot 17 in Weaver Crossing Subdivision, with no discharge of
wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received July 9, 1997, and in conformity with the
project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department
of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 2002, and shall be subject to
the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. Upon completion of construction and prior to operation of this permitted facility, a
certification must be received from a professional engineer certifying that the permitted
facility has been installed in accordance with this permit, the approved plans and
specifications, and other supporting materials. Mail the Certification to the Water Quality
Permits and Engineering Unit, P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, NC 27626-0535.
2. The Raleigh Regional Office, telephone number [phone], shall be notified at least
forty-eight (48) fours in advance of operation of the installed facilities -so that an in-place
inspection can be made. Such notification to the regional supervisor shall be made during
the normal office hours from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday,
excluding State Holidays.
3. The drip irrigation facilities shall be effectively maintained and operated at all times so that
there is no discharge to the surface waters, nor any contamination of ground waters which
will render them unsatisfactory for normal use. In the event that the facilities fail to
perforin satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance conditions or failure of the
irrigation area to adequately assimilate the wastewater, the Permittee shall take immediate
corrective actions including those actions that may be required by the Division of
Environmental Management, such as the construction of additional or replacement
wastewater treatment and disposal facilities.

4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Pem-littee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwater resulting from the operation of this facility.
5. The sand media of the surface sand filter must comply with the Division's sand
specifications. The engineer's certification will serve as evidence that these specifications
have been met.
6. A leakage test shall be performed on the septic tank and dosing tank to insure that any
exfiltration occurs at a rate which does not exceed twenty (20) gallons per twenty-four (24)
hours per 1,000 gallons of tank capacity. The engineer's certification will serve as proof of
compliance with this condition.
7. If excavation into bedrock is required for the installation of the septic tank or sand filter, the
pit shall be lined with a 10 mil synthetic liner.
8. A sanitary tee shall be installed on the effluent pipe of the septic tank. The engineer's
certification will serve as evidence that these specifications have been met.
9. The residuals generated from these treatment facilities must be disposed in accordance with
General Statute 143-215.1 and in a manner approved by the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management.
10. Diversion or bypassing of the untreated wastewater from the treatment facilities is
prohibited.
11. The following buffers shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet between wetted area and any residence or places of public assembly under
separate ownership,
b) 50 feet between wetted area and property lines,
c) 100 feet between wetted area and wells,
d) 50 feet between wetted area and drainage ways or surface water bodies,
e) 50 feet between wetted area and public right of ways,
f) 100 feet between treatment/storage units and any wells, and
g) 50 feet between treatment units and property lines.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified wastewater treatment plant operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the wastewater treatment facilities. The operator must hold a certificate of the type and
grade at least equivalent to or greater than the classification assigned to the wastewater
treatment facilities by the Certification Commission. The Permittee must also employ a
certified back-up operator of the appropriate type and grade to comply with the conditions
of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202. The ORC of the facility must visit each Class I facility at
least weekly and each Class II, I1T, and IV facility at least daily, excluding weekends and
holidays, and must properly manage and document daily operation and maintenance of the
facility and must comply with all other conditions of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202. Once
the facility is classified, the Permittee must submit a letter to the Certification Commission
which designates the operator in responsible charge within thirty days after the wastewater
treatment facilities are 50% complete.
3. The drip irrigation lines shall not be buried more than 2-4 inches below the surface of the
mulch to enhance evaporation potential. In addition, the drip irrigation lines shall be staked
to prevent mobility.

4. The mulch used in the drip irrigation area shall be refurbished or replaced as needed.
5. Drip irrigation shall not be performed during inclement weather or when the ground is in a
condition that will cause runoff.
6. Adequate measures shall be taken to prevent wastewater runoff from the drip field.
7. The application rate shall not exceed a cumulative loading of 18.72 inches over any twelve
(12) month period at an instantaneous application rate not to exceed 0.2 inches per hour.
8. The facilities shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -discharge system to
prevent the discharge of any wastewater resulting from the operation of this facility.
9. No type of wastewater other than that from the residence on lot 17 in Weaver Crossing
Subdivision shall be utilized on the irrigation area.
10. No traffic or equipment shall be allowed on the disposal area except while installation
occurs or while normal maintenance is being performed.
11. Any surface water drainage that may impact the irrigation area should be rerouted utilizing
surface diversion features such as ditching or berming.
12. The Permittee is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the entire treatment and
disposal system including, but not limited to, the following items:
a. The septic tank shall be checked every six (6) months and pumped out as required-
b.
equired_b. The ultraviolet disinfection unit shall be inspected weekly and cleaned as necessary.
c. The storage system, pump system, and alarm system shall be inspected monthly. The
scum Iayer shall be removed at the same interval as the septic tank is cleaned out.
d. The drip system shall be inspected monthly to make certain of the emitters proper
operation, that the soil is absorbing the disposed treated wastewater with no surface
runoff, and that no objectionable odors are being generated.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
surface and ground water protection will be established and an acceptable sampling
reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. The Permittee shall maintain records of all maintenance performed on the system and
irrigation area, as required in Condition II 12 for a minimum of five years. This
information shall be provided to the Division of Environmental Management upon request.
3. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Raleigh Regional Office, telephone number
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that renders the facility .
incapable of adequate wastewater treatment, such as mechanical or electrical failures of
pumps, spray heads, etc.; or

b. Any failure of a pumping station or treatment facility resulting in a by-pass directly to
receiving waters without treatment of all or any portion of the influent to such station or
facility.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. INSPECTIONS
1. Adequate inspection, maintenance, and cleaning shall be provided by the Pernlittee to
insure proper operation of the subject facilities.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental
Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the disposal site or facility at any reasonable time for the
purpose of determining compliance with this permit, may inspect or copy any records that
must be maintained under the terms and conditions of this permit, and may obtain samples
of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
V. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This pennit shall become voidable unless the facilities are constructed in accordance with
the conditions of this permit, the approved pians and specifications, and other supporting
data.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to change
ownership, or there is a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be
submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an application
fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as may be
appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may or may
not be approved.
4. Upon the availability of a municipal or regional sewerage collection system, the subject
wastewater treatment facilities shall be abandoned and all wastewater discharged into the
municipal or regional sewerage system.
5. The drip irrigation field shall be fenced with at least a two strand wire fence. -
6. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by. the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6(a) to 143-215.6(c).
7. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
S. This permit may be revoked if the Permittee fall's to abide by the conditions of the
"Operation and Maintenance Agreement" previously signed by the Permittee.
9. A set of approved plans and specifications for the subject project must be retained by the
Permittee for the life of the project.
4

10. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the Permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
Permit issued this the thirteenth day of August, 1997
NORTH CAR9ZNA EN ONME TAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Division of Environmental Management
By Authority of the Environmental Management Comrnission
Permit Number WQ0014100

Permit No. WQ0014100
August 13, 1997
ENGINEER'S CERTIFICATION
I, , as a duly registered Professional Engineer in the State of North
Carolina, having been authorized to observe (periodically, weekly, full time) the construction of the
project,
Project Name
Location
for the
Permittee hereby state that, to the best of my abilities, due care and diligence was used in the observation
of the construction such that the construction was observed to be built within substantial compliance and
intent of this permit, the approved plans and specifications, and other supporting materials.
Signature
Date
Registration No.

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THE REAL, ESTATE` CO. TEL ; 1919A790035f u Aug 13 , 97� �l 7:37 No . 001 P.02
Vz
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT FOR THE
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MA.NAGENMNT
Chatham Development Cxpuration
102 Hardscrabhle Drive
Hillsborougb, NC 27278
Single ,family Residence Wastewater Tmatment System
Final Disposal by Lhip ir<igation
Permit No, 06 LOT l7)
Wake County
I agree to operata and maintain the wastewater treament system as follows:
1. The Permittee is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the entire treatment and
disposal system ineiuding, but not limited to, the following items:
a. The septic tank shall be checked every six (6) zx*nths and pumped ow as required.
b. The ultraviolet disinfection unit shall be inspected weekly and cl=ed as necat maq.
c. The stor4e system, pump system, and alarm system shall be inspected monthly. The
scu n layer shall be removed at the same interval as the zpik tank is cleaned out.
d. The drip system shall be inspected monthly to make certain of tha etrnitters' proper
opnralien, that the sail is absorbing the disposed trealed wastewater with no surface runof�
nd that no objectionable odors are being generated. -
2. Failure of the permittee to properly operate this system is subject to a penalty up to $10,000 Qex
day. -
3. F2iiure to meetpermst cendition.;z nr vinlRtion of the State's surface or $roundwato-r regulati �&
Will require cessation of occupancy of the residence,
I understand that faux to comply with these evnditions along with the permit conditions may result in
voiding the pemilt.
Signature:
ADA
,f%9 7 r
r
bate; _ %/�
..)W vl

.nmTiitG SL -ALE FOR CLASSIFICA T l,ON OF WATER POLLUTION C014TROL SYST•Ety;S
Name of Facility:
Owner or Contact Person:
S/
L0
Mailing AddrAk Z7Z28
Telephone.-���� _ :171- 744
Present Classification: New Facility ✓ Existing Facility
NPDES Per. N NC00 Nondisc. Per. No, 4 Health Dept. Per. N
Rated by: Telephone: Date: 7
Reviewed by: Wealth Dept. Telephone:
Regional Office Telephone:
niral Office Telephone:
ORC: Grad : Tetephoneg
Check Classification(s): Subsurface ✓ Irrigation LandApplication
Wastewater Classification: (Circle One) 1 11 111 IV Total Points:
I'-P_AJ1,T PRC rSS.-SANQ A_BiATEO MTfrX C EO1 IPMNT WrlCHARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF INDUSTRIA-1 PRODUCTION SHALL
t.QT Br cI :::pc F a:r c p F QFCJ.1. ^A %,* C0�4SISThll
Cri' Y 0- S'EPIK TAI M AND GRAVITY N7TRj,9CA.7i0!' Ll`dFS ARE EXEMPT FROM Ct ASSIFICATION
SISJRFAC E C LAS&FF^„ATKDN
(check all uni!s that apply)
i. seplic tanks
2. pump tanks
siphon o. pump -dosing systems
4- sand fillers
5 grease traplinlerceptor
E, oiYwaler separalors
7. subsurface treatment and disposal
oravily
pressure
Pretreatment of weslewater in excess of these
system end will require an operator with an
SPRAY IRRIGATION CLASSIFICATION
(check all units that apply)
i, preliminary Irealmenl (definition no- 32 )
2, lagoons
3. septic tanks
4. pump tanks
_ /pumps
6. ►/ sand fillers
7, grease trapinterceplor
8. oitlwater separators
9.�disinleciion
11), chemical addition for
"i�nulrienl/alone control
§prsjr'irrigation of waslewaler
VV_X?
Components shall be rated using the point rating
appropriate dual certification.
LAND APPLICATIOdIRESIDUALS CLASSIFICATION (Applies only to permit holder}
1. _ Land 2:,plicalion of biosolids, residuals or contaminated soils on a designated site.
TFEATMjENT FACILITY CLASSIFI`ADCN
Tre to%vi;ing systems shat, be assigned a Class I classification,iru less the [low is of a significant quantify or the technology is
urivsvahy corrp,ey. to require consideration by the Commission on a case-by-case basis: (Check it Appmpriale)
Oil'wc:Er Separalor Systems consisling only of physical separation, pumps and disposal;
2. Septic Tank/Sand Filler Systems consisling only of septic tanks, eosiro-o apparatus, pumps,sand livers; disinlect'ton
ano &recl discharge;
La_o_n Syslems consisling only o! p•eliminary Ireatmen!, legoont, pumps, disinfeclion, necessary chemical
IreFtmenl for algae or nulrienl control, and direct discharge;
4. Close -d -loop Recycle Systems:
5 Grcucdsvaier Remediation Systems consisling only of pumps, air -stripping, carbon adsorption, disinlecfion and
d:sir sal;
6, Fish farms with discharge to sur'ace waters;
Plant sludge handling and bac., -wash water trealment:
E, Ste!_r processing consisling of screening and disposal.
c SIA-:E-lami!y discharo:o; syslerns w "• the exception of Aerobic Trea!men! Units. will be classified if perrnilled alley
,t;;!, - 1493 or i' upon insgeclion b, the Qivisior, it is Iound that the system is no! beirr adequa'e')' ope!ated or
r.ai :.a -w Sucr sysien•.s wily be ngtifrEC c• :he classi!ica!ion or recfassi%ca!ion by ;I -ie Comn)isGicn, in writing,

The following scare is used for rating wastewater treatmerli facilities: fc lrcl-� agpromriate
U: 'I -
ITEM POINTS
( 1 j Industrlal Prelreaimertt Units or (ndusidaf Pretreatment Program (see delinitlon No. 33) ..................................................4
{2) DE: (GN FLOW OF PLANT 1N gpd (ml applicable to non -contaminated cooiing waters, sludge handling
la CilllieS for waler purification plants, totally closed cycle syslarns(see delinilion No. 11), and facilities
consisling only of Item (4)(d) or Items (4)(d) and (11)(d))
0 . 20,6D0................................................................................................................................................1
20,001 50.000......................................................................................................................................2
60,001 100,000....................................................................................................................................3
100,001 250,0007 ......................... ........ ,................ .............. ................... ..... ..................................... .....4
256,001 - 500.000..................................................................................................."I...........................5
500,001 1,000.000 .............................................. ..........................................................................
1,000.001 - 2,000.000...........................................................................................................................10
2,000,001 (and up) rate 1 point additional (or each 200.000 gpd capacity up to a
rrsaximum ol.......................................................... ..............30
Design Flow (gpd)
(3) PRJ=LIMiNARYUNRSlPAOCESSES{saedefinition No.32)
(a) Bar Screens..............................................................................................................................................1
or
(b) Mechanical Screens, Stalie Screens or Comminuting Devices ............... ........... ......... ................... ........... ........
(c } Grit Removal..................................................._...................................................................................1
or
(d) MachanicalorAeraledGriRemoval.............................................................................................................2
(e) Flow Measuring Device .........................................................................................................................1
or
([} Instrumented Row(;.szsuremanl.............................................. ...............................,...... .s.......................?
(g I Pre aeration...............................................................................................................................................2
(h) lnituertt Row Equalization................................................................................................ ,..........
....2
(I) Grease or Oil Separators - Gra• hy.................................................................................................................2
Mechanical................ ...........................................................................................................3
Dissolved Air Flotation................................................................................................................................8
Prech:orinallor.........................................................................................................................................5
(4) PA.,MARY TREATMENT LNRS?RJCESSES
( a ) Septic Tank (see definition No. 43)............................................................................................................2
(b) Imholl Tank...............................................................................................................................................5
(c) Primary Clariliers .................................................................................-............................:......:...5
(d) Settling Ponds or SeNing Tanks jj r lnorganic Non-toxic Materials (sludge handling lacitilies for
water pu6lica!ion plants, sand, glsavel, slona, and other mining operalions excapl recrsalional
8cl'rv:ries such as gam or gold mining)......,..................................................................._................2
(5) SEGO\DARYTREAT?,:ENTLN'I'TWF7CESSES
(a) Ca,luonacaous Stage
(r} Aeration -High Purity Oxygen System.........................................................:.....................20
DiffusedAir System............................................:....................................»...................1 0
Mechanical Air System (fixed, 11021ing or rotor) ........................................ ......................... e
Separate Stodge Rtlaeration.............................................................................................3
(ii) Trilck!_-sg Filer
HighRale......................................................................................... ....................7
StandardRale................................................................................................................5
PackedTower.............................................................................................................._.5
(iii) Biolo&al Aerated Filler or Aerated
BiologcalFiher................................................................................ ...10
[iv) Aerated Lagoons....,....4...............................................................................................10
(v) R012ting 8i010&al Conlaclors ......................................................................................10
(vi) Sand Fillers-intermasent biological..................................................................................2
Recirculatingblolaglcal......................................................................................................3
(vii) Slabilizasion Lagoons.....................................................................................................5
{viii} Cfarifilr.....................................................,.......................,............................................5
(ix) Single stage system for combined carbonaceous removal of BCD and nitrogenous
removal by nitrfieation (see definition No. 12)(Peinls for !his 'nem ha .1 to be in
addition to Items (5)(a}(i) through (5)(a)(viJ),
utilizing the extended aeration process (see delinition No.3a)...........................................2
vlililing other than the extended aeralion process.........................................................B
(x) Nuiris:x additions to enhance BOD removal......................................................................5
(xi) Biological Culture (-Super Bugs')addition...:...................................................................5
(b) Nitrogenous Stage
(f) Aera!ion - High Purity Oxygen Syslsm......................................................:......................20
DiffusedAir System.......................................................................................................1 0
Mechanical Air System (fixed, !foaling or-rolor),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,•,,,,,,•,,,,,,„,,,.,,,.:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.8
Separale Sludge Raaeralion.............................................................................................3
Trlckl,ng Filser.High Rale................................•--................................................................7
SlandardRate ................................................................... ................... ........,....5
PackedTower.............................................................. ..5
(ill) Biological Aerated Filter or Aeraled Siologicat Filler. ....... ....... ..... ... .................... _i 0
(iv) Rotating Biological Cenlaclors...................................................................................10
(v) Sand Filter . intermillenl biological .............•
Recirclafing biological...................................................................... .. ...3
(vi) Ctafxf...........................................................................................................................5
(b) TEF?1,gYORADvA,':CEDTREATVFr Jt141TSr'r FOCESSES
(e� AC: rva:2d Car`JCr: Bads -
wi:how car5an regeneration.., .. ................................................... _ ...... ................................5
with carbon regenaralion........................r................................... .,......... ........................ ....... 15
(b) Powdsr-ed or Granular Act..+sled Caron Feed- -
wi:hovl ca."]on regenera:ion................................................................:..........................5
with Crrrhon:egennralion................................................ . ..........................1 ,”
(c ( str.r�i">(j............................................................................ ......................5
^:,: r ' ca;,on Pio.os:.- ..... ............... -.. ........... . -1 ... 1 C

dhiari CA)(s) as divaf vri:s will ba rated as one system; capsbliily to add a dharrfcAl at a dffer9rli application points ;or 6,11wonl purpotes witl 991 tl In ehA syslorsf bting
1.196 at-
(lo) Clericel Sludge Condilorirq. The addition at a chamfCst compound such al lime, ferric chiorida, be a polymer to wal Nudge 1a confosca the masa prior to Its
Application $0 A dewatering device;
{1l) Closed Cycle Systems. Use at holding ponds or holdng larikr for cars(aknwn( of wasisrwalpe contairlfng Inorgaric, non•lwlc malwialz from tend, grovel, crushed
or olhK similar apera6ons. Such sysl9mr "ll carry a maxinven of My points regardless or pumping lacitities or arty other ■ppurtor rrss;
xnbinod fi9rmvAl b! CartionareaV$ BOD and Hlrognous P40moval by WAliicatiorr A sfrrgro Stags system regited to achieve permit allfuonl lirrsiLs on BOD and
L As rivogon Nd Pin the tame biological reactor:
(13) Dechfa vulfon, Tho partial or comp!aiff reduction of residual chratirre In a ligrld by any chorrical of physical process;
(f4) DaritriAcatian Pfaeta. The convoesfon of rutrate•niIFopen to ritrogsn gar;
(t5) EiectrodalyslA, Process rcr removing Ionized "fit from water tlymvh hs use or Ion-sNactive lorraxehange membranes;
(fop rir.F mass, n fawk.s Oy c. alc+ rT.: .a rical;y for'pa«lally dewatering S1 6V4 `
(17) Foam Separa6os. 7hs.pltmed hotting or wAslvwsler be waa:swalK oMversl as a "ars of romoving excessive amounts of detergom materials through leo
introduction of Air In ire Item at Ane bubbles; also called loam iraelio +lion:
(16) Grit Removal, Tho procoss of removing qdl and ollW heavy rrirrwal matler from WASIOwalar:
(t9) Imhoff Tarek. A deep two story wstlewaler Link echskling of an upper sedimentation chamber and a lower sludge digettion chambo(.
(26) Ensttvmanled,flcw kleattremont A device which Indo=as and records rate of flow;
(2t) Ion Exchango, A "rrica) proCess In which loess from two diferenl nndgcn.res are exchanged;
(22) Line -application:
(a) Sludge Disposal, A final sludge ddsposd method by which wal Ovdge may ba applied to IAM either by sprayl% an the surface or by subsurface Iriscion (f,e„
Ch4se1 plow): (not applicable for types of Nudge dercribod in (11) or his Aja):
(b) Trolled Effluent- TrA process of spraying V*Aled wa119water onW a land miss or ohK mehoda of application of wastewater onto A land area as A means oI final
disposal or buanant;
(23) wic.ros Qeen. A low apsed, continueLmly back•washid, rolating dr6rrl filter operating under 9,"q conditions as a poliWng method for removing au"Ward zolidz
from slllueni;
(24) Hitrificafion Process, •1hs biochemical convoesion of unoridzed riuogen (ammonla and organo rilrogen) to oxidized rivogon (usually nitrile):
(25) Hitrog nous Stagg. A saparalo stage of wattewaW trealmoni d9sigri9d Ice thv specific p6rpose of eorw"ng ammonia ricrogen to nitral► nioogon;
(26) Phosphate Removal, 901bq.cal. TTse removal of phosphorus born wastewalor by an oxicranoxic process desjgnad to enhance luxszy uptake of phosphorvs by the
micoorganlsmos;
(27) Pdit ring Pond. A holding pond lollovrirrg secondary troalmarsl with suldsism detention time to allow salrding of flrWy zuspondsd solids;
(2E) Post Aarat'•tn. Asealion followinn cowsontonal soconduy trosUrrinl urib to Incra " ef(tuanl D.O. or fee any othw purpose;
(2s) Post Aaration. (Cascmds) A pdisling method by wrch dixiolvod oxygen Is added to the 9ihuenl by a normedrwrical, gravely means of Mowing down ■ seriss of
steps or weirs; Ths how occurring across 1w slops ce weirs rrlovss-ln t fairly tern layer and tho operation of the cascadorequires no operator a4ustnpnl: Chun. Zero
points are assigned svwe though Itis Is an ossen"I step fo r4i4fng the lirrits of Vw discharge p9nnil:
(30) Prawdwed to Gismisr Activa;9d Carbon Fee6, A bophyslcal carbon process Out utilizes biological activity and organic absorption by using powdered or grarular
activaled carbon; Yirgn or regenerilad carbon is feed cordroiled Into Pia system;
(31) Preaarllltn. A lariit comYuche= 10 pmvide asration prior to primary usAL"nl;
(32) Preliminary (frits- Unit ope:atona in the 179Alnwnt process, alxh As icraerhing and corryn)rxatien, that prepare the fiquot for subsequen! ma"W oporations;
(33) fndustisl Prel!fclrnere,r
(a) Pte-Uaatnenl {tri:, Indust)a!, Tho condii;orfng of it waste a1 ill source belore discharge, It remove or to neutralize wbstances injtrious to sawiers aLnd taatrnmi
processes or to ttidCl a partial reduction In load on rte treatmerd process whch Is opalal9d by Con same goverring body as the wastewater treatment plonl being
rated;
b) Pra•!rvztrrwnl Progzr.•, tndusVial • must be a Stale or EPA foquired progam to receive points on the rating sh9o1:
(3,() primlry Clar,liers. rho fits! sanling Izncs tMorh which waslewa)er is psssed in a toalmarr, works for the purpose of removing soldeable and suspended solids and
BOO whlch Is associate[: with no sorids;
(35) Pumps_ AA Inhuont, el ward and Inpilrr, pimps;
(3f) Radason, D"esinrseton o: sta!if:aalion prom;ss vHzing deyicas orr;nin5 uloavioloi or gamma rays;
(37) Revorso Osmosis. A Poatnmt p'"ss In which a heavy conlarrinale- liq,id is prvsstrizod Prough a membrana forming nearly pure Nglid boo from suspended solids;
r•'r' Rotating 5oloyical Consraclors. A filed biologic! Sro,Mh process in which wastewater Rows n;ough Unks in vrhich a series of .partially subrrwged circa• srrtaees
lalpd;
and Fsfilters:
(a) IniKtrsnart Biological. Fgras;on of vl:rvonf iollow,ing seplic Unks, 12g0e•1s• cr some ohs= traalmenl process in wi irh Lo-oor biodocamposilion Is ospecisd it
pro6.rco d9r!rsd 9hlu9nts: H•vdraufic Icsting rates on chose fillers are compr,ed In gpdhc ■nd hsve a resUling low ppmrsl (foss than ono):
b) Aacircualing b o:ogical - Or same syp9 of sand U!w as dohned in Ssbpuagraph (39) (a) of his Rufs wih the added capability to rocyclo alhuent back through the
SAW filt9f; ,
(40) Sand or l.lised•s/aG:a Fii(ers. A pdisherag process by which orr.vonl lulls us ■c oved through a hrthor reduction of suspended solids:
(a) tow rate •- grar,ty, hycvaulic:Ly loaded lilite Wilol Sczdng rates Ir the one to three gprdsl range:
(b) high rats -- a passure, hydrsulicaliy loaded Nm w4h loading rates in no Gve gip-r✓sl range; At any rale, the loading rale will exceed these gprN51;
(41) Sseonduy Cia,i',ws. A lar-i,. which follows the bioiogicaI urtiI at itstrnen! p'ai'r; and which has the purpos9 of (Amovi.•hg sludgss as socia led wish ttio b;clogir0
lrealompnf Units-
(42) Soparale Slu6Se Reaetzion. A par: o! the Ctn:acl slab;fization process w.,Sep the Activslad%O%dge is Vanslarrod to a lank and aetal9d before retLXNfV i; to the
con:sr basin;
(43} Sop:ic Tari A singo.slory se'rirsf lank In which soY.lod sludge is in contact wish " wastewalrr flowing through the tank; shall not b9 app'icable lot srplic lank
syslorrs serving siv,la larsiiy ros',de oces having capacity at 2,040 gallons or leu which dischargp to a ri:rif,cation hold;
(44) SitaCgo Digestion, The process by wfith vrgaric or volatile matee and sludge Is gasified, ficpabod, rr;rorallzed or converted into more sLibte organic mato! Lh•tuf)
Lha ACivily of living oegarisms, which includes zvjled holding tanks;
(4S) Sludge Oiyrrr, Bids. M area comprising naiall or arthcIAI layers of pores materials upon wttich 6"slod sewage sludge is dried by rkainago and vvapont4on;
(46) Sudgo Elutii;!m,. A protoss of 371.Oge cor`6606ng in which eprlAin co•ztttwnis Are removed by successive washings sr'h fresh water or pant ettilaen
(47) SlLrige Gas U"—zation. The process of using sewage gas for the purpose of healing butildngs, driving eng"nos, etc.;
(4:) Sludoa Ho:d,rg lar:, (A.osafed and Nana9 ra sed}. A lsot; utilized for :mull wastewater L-e alrn9rh: p!znLs not conUiring a dgeslK in Mich slvdg9 may be kap! bash,
and s::pw.nalanj w;:rd zwm prior to t drying meriod (i,s. s'Lrd99 d.:yinhg bids): THs may be Bono by adding a small amount of air simply to keep thi OL499 Desi, but not
norossali ■n'tmu-.: no: woeid bo rpgrired It achieve siab'lizalion of orgzric mane.. A nonarraled Sari, woJd sirnpy be used to 6ecanl s'uego prion It dtrwa:ering and
would rut Allow long periods days of delestcrs) voikhosY resLLtir,= odor problprns;
(4S) S'udgo incir,aralus. A tanaca desi3npd to bzm sI-.1dg, and to reroeo at: meesture and cornbuntibtp mason:at$ arid reduce Pre slu6p to a slarils ash;
(5:) SlucC,s SLiSi!.:e:o- (Crwri;z! o• Thermal). A process It ntai,e Irslied sludse less odorous zrld Ntesciuo, and to roduc9 the pathogenic oegarisrn content; This may
be dant by plf +Gssrn9 cNcAna dosing, d by heal raafmin(;
(51) Studga Trickrno% A p•pv el soe;r, nla6on Iznk In whicb c•se slsa�jte is pw."'llod to sedis arid Visken Cytuye scitaton AM gravity; -
(52) SIZW"alior; Lagoon A typo of oxidation lagoon in whch biological taidalion of orgaric miner is eflecied by nallxal trinSlaf of oxygol Io the water horn air (rot a
p�lishins pond):
(51) Stan'--fly Pewfr Stnp!y. Cn wo to, pmable OocvicO gonerating &g6?tn=n::
(`.<) Slaac Sciopna. A sla!lonary ici;pn dosionpd to rorrhov9 solids, inth-cing ncn•biodegadat'9 partiWzle (lloa!a:re solids, auspondoe solids and DOD reduction) from
muh,cipal and ind' still Nl.slehalFr t'e;ot-pnt sys:Hms;
(55; Tertary Trozrnont. A ztago of t'aarrrwnl 1Pllowing secondary which is primarily for the puposo of emuont p,$isrirv,v; A setting lagoon or sand or Coal Alit-ssi ghl lea
or..p;oyed for this purpot G;
(56; Thormst Polson Control Dovieo. A 69vies providing for the Vanslor of heat horn a &utd uowirg in tubes to another Wd o.Y,sid9 no d/a9s, or vice vs:sa; a' olfher
Re9Ans of tagaiafrg I;Qvid iompora Waor
(S7) Thermal Sludoc Condtionw. ek conjl;anirfq process by which hoa; is aci.'e'_ for a pro'racled period of time to fir, {sr ovp the dwraletsbihty of sludge by tho sc:7bfliIing
and hyd•asLizi,•v, C in, sm,aiiol ■nd mote hc.`ly hydzled sludge panicips;
Teeie IAzl96;is Thoso wastes or eerm5ina aunt o' +•'asses, intilydlr� 0•SiA t3-[aof� y zpa.nls which alive althago and upon erposuro, irneslitn, lnhalalip; w
assmn latip- in:t any C/C.Z— h, ei' ler dire Ccv hDT rI0 e:1vifOMl9n! 01 in6rec G) by Ingesfion threvph food chains, wiTl cau5o d9allh, dieAs9, bahavlota: eexhUmal.:u s,
came., tono:ie m✓.s:,a-1s, n"ysladQea' n.a Mvf4!lons (rnelvd.ng rnalrun_io-u in tWodu^_eory o: p`.ysieal dplormavc�s, In such wgAresms o lhoi: allspliro-'; Totic malariall
inclu.7 c- L';' ray o' iCn s:!A t`tm ar.,', tett 11r.i!aliM: 192d. ca^-alum, cfvamivm, mr•IWry, varsabum, af"' C. zinc, o•na.�ipc•Uiorobom;ana (OHCS), pd!ychl GrinalpG Gyhonyls
•) an7 dc`d✓Cd: than!: Inc'icreo: :Zs (OC-) #,e any Other rotiriO$ t`•s: `ava or nay heromw, to dalerr -d IG lure toric propo'PQs;
❑c'2�5 irll•.. A. t''GBCdei ace:—.t r'.: L'nl c: r materia' such of t�o;.9n s:one t: 10tf. type Mhic's wastw•alc is dsCiLJtod. J. Kqh,, ;c:o trickling I-;2! is t`4
e•; Gra10f a: :c asp 5.5 f.5.r pl.• erre A Ice.• IA40 L'iL k!in^, Ler is reio w!4[h is designed to g:9laln is orej to lov rh�%j pot acro
(L+'' TnC s.'.np Pia.• (?Ari.ed Tuw eel) A. ,L,; raw ,p,-.-c c! C',+a hen in w'.yen'.1ble+ey tar 9{•�-: W.,:n INvo,41N. swcess•vo layers G' ni"c on 1C7,to ma!e'ial: Gc meln.z!
t-1 g.-.c
is n•nuvdd L•y lily. aCt.l ter: �_nC a: foo c]r•-, 1r il, each Wfcessxr ;Lyon, Tn[ rr,s:.�_ tray poducc 's r•zcnd•�r1' gtsa!1:1• olp'"• , e+ rims' bo rdzp;?c to
preu.,;c z nv Vcr .r:ur.n:
(:1h i'ia...:1 Fr. �,� -. - lr fr•1✓ r149a93 oc—:os -!';ch aro C•,vc+t. .= ium:r'.a r•1:v:• 1.a:a: than; eel^,' tYSusi d r• u11,:p,aaa>• Sis:dga p.vrr 15 Utc::a1 0:

systems).......................................................... ,................... ... .......2
(c) Stape Discharge (not applicable toslofage basins inheram in land application systems)..................................5
( d ) Pumps .................... I........................... s..........-...-........ ............................................................................. 3
(e) Stan -6•9y Power Supply ................. t...:.....!................................. ,..... ,.......... I .............. I .......... ..,..3
(I) Thermal Pollution Control Device. .......... .................. ................................................................ : ...... L 3
TOTALPOr,475..........................................................................
CLAM it r-4MN
CrassI...........................................................................................................5.25 Points
ClassI!.........................................................................................................26.50 POin.s
Ck55B: ....................... ....... ........................ ................................. I ............ 51-65 P: in!$
ClassN ............. ....... ................ .......................... I ...... ............,.... .,.,,...66 -Up Foints
Fac:: yes cavinc f ra:iN. c! one Ihlough lour poinls, inc4usive, do not require a cervi:ied opwalor.
Faci::'=es ha': inc an aciira,ed s€udoe process wil' be assigned a minimum c assi4ca:io : of Class 11.
FaciPitias havf-c I:ealmanl pnxesses for the removal of metal ct cyanide will be assicmd a m,nimum'ctasS iliCa lion of CI855'11.
Faci. iies na'+Inc trsa:r,,en: procassas lot the biological removat o? phosphorus writ be assianod a m'r.,in;,-m elassiGcation of Giass It;.
?- :oil.• nc GF:,n i.ns sMl apply n+cugho✓ ns ssOrhapl9:.
(11 Act—IPG Carp-, BFds A phyaicalfrhamica: rano vd la red,cinq sc,Jbl4 dga'a malefia' aotl vasiwatar ertto. '!: The colurn typs bads Vier in tis fin4nr4 will have
a I.— rale It"i y iroT. -C to Figh' gallons PFr n.noo pw &CVV9 top; and R41' bF IIn9+ u,'•a. or dt. nr,r Carbo beds- Csrlb n may 4 r+y r..: be 199Qf41jlyd on to
,�Ifla w'ii F: ViaC4'1l plant Silo;
i2, A.la:er Laso-- 4 basic in whiCh A; fads an rruin:&inad In suspenuan art by +Ich boleg'cai oodetion a wpnlc main is risdoc9e rvw;q am,Acia:iy acci'.P'aled
Iransler o' ptyge-. or, a IVw-i."L,9h basis:
1); A!•elrpn A Wwoss c: b ingng &bast. tntma:e comer between rI w hg1 p---rny o,ygn i+. a liquid by sprapry ag'lalion or m! us ion;i3a} EslenC4c Aanpon An
art,alFl. si,r�gv ,^rot psi iri:.nny^ a itiriivm hytraJie dalnee- 019 o? IF hC.rs
(�, Ar-ev:✓a:Ir r..a Asa oiG &;:v /.ny $::t w w %.ch a crop is proou vd. manager, and ha -33C (C'" includei q'ssses• g,etns• yaps, ■Ic ).
(:. A,.. slnpp-g A p'ocesl by s hlrh ne amnm;yn ion is ars: cmrtnFd to dssr.ved a,tno,,& (pH adujmea ..) wsi-tie ar. o ja rten ,Iletsed lc t'w arby
- r.sca' n>•te-s- n Cr.S' f,^i:i• p•ot F}f Es wfwr. ,0=" pJt'Q:V r: pro W,3 faY.f. 91 ba;nit' . ID:vene. anC trlfna,
(t, Cyber. Fig Fr.F Ta riganrretpr•. ol-1 she usleC Carbon by " use o: a Isrrsace Io yn,oi Wmrneiy t"91, tF-.'tp e; al✓es w,l�ch vo�at;' 11 an. e,idits ne s5—bad
slaps of wasiewali' rea:mint dasis' d Ic afh-s "s F[Cr+d a'r" a"-'Cn: bmi:s.
•f [•-;::�[ f ri %n::' da.-ci ,- W-iCh [I -:-I Vg a' lo,fi is —If is s?'a'a:F 50:.01 r'?`•-lY=f P" se. 3ira'ali ic"s e: C:1: 4'6n: eF'lsit'el
!4 C -.-a v: r''S; s:•'^s. The aa6npn o' c1+Inin l; s5 to waslw, ar t:q •rabpn r % L. p,rpdsas C' r:-- sats re^sera'. Ls+ ac+;en[.e:, eua4n,y Control.
k : t-� CaLA✓ ._ N: if.ro-' t :. C':e-a" ['t �fra's and 0.;P sr, a;.',(tt'"' r!-m'r IL s: -f .I a spp:,t.; his..' � Lp CD-ud„ee roc sys=s- rls capay!G; to and
i�
(s)
Eleclfodialysls............................................................................................................................................5
Sapsr..
,.,icr.......................................................................................................................................
(g)
Ion Exchange............................................................................................................................................5
(h)
Land Application of Treated Errluent (see deiini0on No. 22b) (riot applicable for sand,
gravel. stone end other simllar minlnp opar&IiDns) by high rate Inlihration......................................................A
(1)
Microscreens.................•.....-.........-......,.-:.............................................................-......................-............-5
O)
Phosplprcus Removal by 8lolog"I Procsssas (See dalinhion No, 26).......... -c .............................................20
(k)
Polishing Ponds - Mthouiaeration............. ..............................................................................................2
w)lh 9statbn.......................,,.........................---..........-............-.................-r`
(1)
Post Aeration - cascade ........................ .................................. i................ ................................. ..,..............
diffusedor mechardcal.............................•...........................................................2
(m)
Reverse Osmosis ............ ................... ............................. ............................................. . .................. I ...... ....-S
(n)
Sand or Mixed -Media FlCsrs - law rale..........................................................................................................2
Nphrale ...................................................... ................ 5
(o}
Treatment processes lot removal of notal or cyanide ............... ,..."I..... 15
(p)
treatment processes for removal of toxic materials other than molal or cyanide .................. _....... _.............. 1 5
(7)
SLUC*ETRF-ATMS14T
(a)
Sludge Digestion Tank - Healed.............................................................................-..................................10
Aerobic 5 -
Unhealed 3
(b)
Sludga Siabllizalicn (chemical or INlyna))....................................................................................................5
(c)
Sludge prying Beds - Gravhy............... ....................................................................................................... 2
Vacuven Assisted................................................................................................................•......................5
(d)
Sludge Elutrialion............................. ........ ........... ........... ...................................r....................... ,.......,......5
(6)
Sludge Conditioner (chemical or thermal) ..................... ....... .................-..........................-....-........................3
(1)
Sludge Thickener(giravlty)........................................................................................................................5
(g)
Dissolved Air MDlalion Unh [no[ appticabfe to A unit rated as(3)(i)).............................................................8
(h)
Sludge Gas Utilization (including pas storage).............................................................................................2
(1)
Sludge Holding Tank Aerated..................................................................................,................................5
Nori-a e rated .............................................................................................................................................2
Sludge Incinerator (nol including activated carbon reganefativn)................................................................1 D
(k)
Vacuum Filter, Conlriiuga. or Fher Press or other similar dewalering devices...................................................1 0
(a)
RESIDUALS
UTILIZATIOWDISPOSAL (vldudirq fncineralad ash)
(a)
Lagoons.................................................................................................................................................2
(b)
Land Application (surface and subsurface) (sae defidlion 222)
by conlracling to a land application operVo: or iandbil operator who holds the land
application permit or landfill parmlt..............................................................................................................2
(c)
Dedicated Land[ill(burial) by the permHirre of the wastewater treatment facility...............................................5
(a)
Chlorination.............................................................................................................................................5
(b)
Dechlorinalion.......... .................................................................................................................................
(c)
Ozone........................................................................................................... ...................
(d)
Radia lion- .........:...................................................:-..........................".—.......................... ....
(1 v)
CHFM:S
,AL ADDITIDN SYSTEM(S) ( see delinifion No. 8) ono; app cable to chemical oddiliorA rated as Item
(3)(j),
(5}(a)(zl}, (6)(a), (6){b), (7)(b), (7)(e), (9a). (9)(b) o. (9)(c) 5 points each:
Lis:.............
....... ........................................................................ ........................................... S
..............................................................................................................................5
.................................................... ....•................................................................
............................................................................................................... 5
pi)
!!SCELLAnECUS
Ur;'TSIPAXESSES
(a)
Ho'.d'nq Ponds, Holding Tanks or Selling Ponds for Organic or Toxic Materials Including wastes
from, mining operations corYaining nitrogen or phosphorus compounds in amounts slgnilican[ly
grester than Is common lot domestic wastewater ................... ........ .......... ............ ............-.......................... t
(b)
Et wens Flow Equalization {not applicable to storage basins which are inherent in land appti--alicn
systems).......................................................... ,................... ... .......2
(c) Stape Discharge (not applicable toslofage basins inheram in land application systems)..................................5
( d ) Pumps .................... I........................... s..........-...-........ ............................................................................. 3
(e) Stan -6•9y Power Supply ................. t...:.....!................................. ,..... ,.......... I .............. I .......... ..,..3
(I) Thermal Pollution Control Device. .......... .................. ................................................................ : ...... L 3
TOTALPOr,475..........................................................................
CLAM it r-4MN
CrassI...........................................................................................................5.25 Points
ClassI!.........................................................................................................26.50 POin.s
Ck55B: ....................... ....... ........................ ................................. I ............ 51-65 P: in!$
ClassN ............. ....... ................ .......................... I ...... ............,.... .,.,,...66 -Up Foints
Fac:: yes cavinc f ra:iN. c! one Ihlough lour poinls, inc4usive, do not require a cervi:ied opwalor.
Faci::'=es ha': inc an aciira,ed s€udoe process wil' be assigned a minimum c assi4ca:io : of Class 11.
FaciPitias havf-c I:ealmanl pnxesses for the removal of metal ct cyanide will be assicmd a m,nimum'ctasS iliCa lion of CI855'11.
Faci. iies na'+Inc trsa:r,,en: procassas lot the biological removat o? phosphorus writ be assianod a m'r.,in;,-m elassiGcation of Giass It;.
?- :oil.• nc GF:,n i.ns sMl apply n+cugho✓ ns ssOrhapl9:.
(11 Act—IPG Carp-, BFds A phyaicalfrhamica: rano vd la red,cinq sc,Jbl4 dga'a malefia' aotl vasiwatar ertto. '!: The colurn typs bads Vier in tis fin4nr4 will have
a I.— rale It"i y iroT. -C to Figh' gallons PFr n.noo pw &CVV9 top; and R41' bF IIn9+ u,'•a. or dt. nr,r Carbo beds- Csrlb n may 4 r+y r..: be 199Qf41jlyd on to
,�Ifla w'ii F: ViaC4'1l plant Silo;
i2, A.la:er Laso-- 4 basic in whiCh A; fads an rruin:&inad In suspenuan art by +Ich boleg'cai oodetion a wpnlc main is risdoc9e rvw;q am,Acia:iy acci'.P'aled
Iransler o' ptyge-. or, a IVw-i."L,9h basis:
1); A!•elrpn A Wwoss c: b ingng &bast. tntma:e comer between rI w hg1 p---rny o,ygn i+. a liquid by sprapry ag'lalion or m! us ion;i3a} EslenC4c Aanpon An
art,alFl. si,r�gv ,^rot psi iri:.nny^ a itiriivm hytraJie dalnee- 019 o? IF hC.rs
(�, Ar-ev:✓a:Ir r..a Asa oiG &;:v /.ny $::t w w %.ch a crop is proou vd. manager, and ha -33C (C'" includei q'ssses• g,etns• yaps, ■Ic ).
(:. A,.. slnpp-g A p'ocesl by s hlrh ne amnm;yn ion is ars: cmrtnFd to dssr.ved a,tno,,& (pH adujmea ..) wsi-tie ar. o ja rten ,Iletsed lc t'w arby
- r.sca' n>•te-s- n Cr.S' f,^i:i• p•ot F}f Es wfwr. ,0=" pJt'Q:V r: pro W,3 faY.f. 91 ba;nit' . ID:vene. anC trlfna,
(t, Cyber. Fig Fr.F Ta riganrretpr•. ol-1 she usleC Carbon by " use o: a Isrrsace Io yn,oi Wmrneiy t"91, tF-.'tp e; al✓es w,l�ch vo�at;' 11 an. e,idits ne s5—bad
slaps of wasiewali' rea:mint dasis' d Ic afh-s "s F[Cr+d a'r" a"-'Cn: bmi:s.
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