WQ0005045_Final Permit_19960229

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
February 29, 1996
Ms. Miriam White, F.E.
Burlington Industries, BH Annex
Post Office Box 691
Burlington, North Carolina 27215
Subject: Permit No. WQ0005045
Burlington Industries
Williamsburg Plant
Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Caswell County
Dear Ms. White:
In accordance with your application received on December 15, 1995, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0005045, dated February 29, 1996, to Burlington Industries for the operation of a
wastewater residuals land application program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until January 31, 2001, shall void Permit
No. WQ0005045, issued July 30, 1991, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified
therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this
permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational
information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Rick Moore at (919) 733-
5083 extension 527.
Sincerely,
A. Prestos Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Caswell County Health Department
Winston-Salem Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Winston-Salem Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Bob Cheek, Groundwater Section, Central Office
Training and Certification Unit
Facilities Assessment Unit
P.O, Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
RESIDUALS LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries
Caswell County
FOR THE
continued operation of a wastewater residuals land application program consisting of the application of 0.6
dry tons per year of residuals from sources listed in Condition 115, to approximately 17 acres of land in
Caswell County with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received on
December 15, 1995, and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data
subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and
considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until January 31, 2001, shall void Permit
No. WQ0005045, issued July 30, 1991, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
Limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and
may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will
protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
2. The Iand application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the
creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying residuals to the sites and
take any immediate corrective actions as may be required by the Division.

5. Some of the buffers specified below may not have been included in previous permits for
this land application operation. However, any sites or fields that are included in this
permit, but were approved with different applicable buffers shall be reflagged to comply
with the below buffers. The following buffer ,zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and approval from the
appropriate DEM regional office,
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
subsurface residual injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be
reduced to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the
appropriate DEM regional office,
c) 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB,
and any Class I or Class If impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for
both methods,
d) 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
e) 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
f) 100 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
application methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
6. A copy of this permit shall be maintained at the Iand application site when residuals are
being applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be
maintained in all residuals transport and application vehicles.
7. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to
and during application.
8. No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been
requested and obtained from the Division of Environmental Management,
9. Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for
subsurface applications.
10. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class A pathogen requirements and site
restrictions in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) or the Class B pathogen requirements and site
restrictions in 40 CFR Part 503.32(b), and one of vector attraction reduction requirements
in 40 CFR Part 503.33 shall be met. Additionally, an evaluation must be performed which
demonstrates the residuals ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy
of this evaluation must be submitted including all test results and calculations.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
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2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in condition 114, shall be maintained in accordance
with the crop management plan outlined by the local Extension Office of the Department of
Agriculture, or the Soil Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this
Division.
3. An acceptable pH must be maintained in the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than
6.0, on all land application sites to insure optimum yield for the crop(s) specified below.
The agronomist shall provide information on the pH best suited for the specified crop and
the soil type.
4. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crop PAN (lb./acre/yr.)
Alfalfa
200
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Blue Grass
120
Corn (Grain)
160
Corn (Silage)
200
Cotton
70
Fescue
250
Forest (Hardwood & Softwood)
75
Milo
100
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, oats)
100
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Soybeans
200
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
5. No residuals other than the following are hereby approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Permit Volume
Source County Number (dr tons/year)
ons/ ear
BHDF-Williamsburg WWTP Caswell NCO001384 0.6
6. The metal loading rates shall not exceed the following Cumulative Pollutant loading rates:
Kilograms Pounds
Parameters per Hectare per Acre
Arsenic
41
36
Cadmium
39
34
Copper
1,500
1,338
Lead
300
267
Mercury
17
15
Molybdenum
----
----
Nickel
420
374
Selenium
100
89
Zinc
2,800
2,498
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7. The pollutant concentrations in the residuals which will be applied to the land shall not
exceed the following Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis):
Parameters mg/kg
Arsenic
75
Cadmium
85
Copper
4,300
Lead
840
Mercury
57
Molybdenum
75
Nickel
420
Selenium
100
Zinc
7,500
8. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified land application/residuals operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the land application program. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification
assigned to the land application program by the Certification Commission. The Permi.ttee
must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the
conditions of Title 15A NCAC 8A, .0202.
9. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
10. Surface applied residuals will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
11. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100-year flood elevation, residuals may
be applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals must be incorporated into the
soil within twenty-four (24) hours after application.
12. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12-month period following the last residual application
event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
13. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the residuals application area onto the adjacent property or into
any surface waters.
14. Residuals shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall
event of 1/2-inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency residuals disposal measures must
first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
15. Residuals shall not be applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen or snow-
covered.
16. Residuals shall not be applied at rates greater than agronomic rates, unless authorized by
the Division.
17. Animals shall not be grazed on an application site for 30 days after residuals application.
Application sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that will be used to
prevent access after each application.
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18. Food crops, feed crops and fiber crops that do not come in contact with the residuals shall
not be harvested for 30 days after residuals application.
19. Food crops with harvested parts that touch the residual/soil mixture and are totally above
the land surface (ex. tobacco, melons, cucumbers, squash, etc.) shall not be harvested for
14 months after residuals application.
20. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land (root crops such as potatoes,
carrots, radishes, etc.) shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of residuals
when the residuals remain on the land surface for four (4) months or longer prior to
incorporation into the soil.
21. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38
months after application of residuals when the residuals remain on the land surface for less
than four (4) months prior to incorporation into the soil.
22. Turf shall not be harvested for I year after residuals application if the turf is to be placed on
land with a high potential for public exposure.
MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all application activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a. source of residuals
b . date of residual application
c. location of residual application (site, field, or zone #j
d. method of application
e. weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.)
f . soil conditions
g. type of crop or crops to be grown on field
h. volume of residuals applied in gallons/acre, dry tons/acre or kilograms/hectare
i. annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of residuals, annual and cumulative
pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to arsenic,
cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium and zinc), annual
pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen (PAN), and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus
applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted
on each site receiving residuals in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the
following parameters:
Acidity
Calcium
Copper
Magnesium
Base Saturation (by calculation)
Cation Exchange Capacity
Manganese Potassium
Percent Humic Matter Sodium
pH Zinc
Phosphorus
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