WQ0002523_Final Permit_20060207

\OaOP W AT z Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., secretary
rNorth Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
O N, Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
February 7, 2006
Mr. Riley Hatch, Public Works Director
Town of Beech Mountain
403 Beech Mountain Parkway
Beech Mountain, North Carolina 28604
Subject: Permit No. WQ0002523
Town of Beech Mountain
Town of Beech Mountain Residuals
Composting Facility and Distribution
Program
Distribution of Residual Solids (503)
Watauga County
Dear Mr. Hatch:
In accordance with your permit renewal and modification application package received on August
27, 2004 as well as the additional information received on December 17, 2004 and January 10, 2005, we
are forwarding herewith a renewed and modified Permit No. WQ0002523, dated February 7, 2006, to the
Town of Beech Mountain for the subject residuals composting facility and Class A EQ residuals product
distribution program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until January 31, 2011; shall void Permit
No. WQ0002523, issued on April 15, 1999; and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as
specified therein. Make note of this permit's expiration date and the fact that a permit renewal application
is due to the Division of Water. Quality (Division) no later than six months prior to that date (i.e., see
Condition VI. 7.), as the Division does not send reminders to apply for permit renewal.
This permit has been issued to approve the operation of the Town of Beech Mountain's residuals
composting facility and the Class A EQ residuals product for another five-year cycle. Note that the
Division has taken this opportunity to modify the permit to reflect the facility's estimate of 15 dry tons of
residuals per year. As a result of these changes, the Division has also increased the volume of Class A
EQ residuals product that may be distributed under the distribution program to 60 dry tons per year. The
volume is based on the information submitted that the compost mixture is a 3:1 ratio. If these volumes are
exceeded a permit modification is required.
As always, remember to take the time to review this permit thoroughly, as some of the
conditions contained therein may have been added, changed, or deleted since the last issuance. Pay
particular attention to the monitoring requirements in this permit. Please be aware that failure to establish
an adequate system for collecting, maintaining, and submitting the required operational information will
result in future compliance problems. Of special interest to you may be the following:
♦ All monitoring required by this permit, with the exception of process/operational data that
must be maintained to prove compliance with the pathogen reduction and vector attraction
reduction requirements, must be completed on the Class A EQ residuals product that is
intended for distribution.
Aquifer Protection Section 1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1636 Phone [phone]
Internet: httpl/h2o.mr.stateme.m 2728 Capital Boulevard Raleigh, NC 27604 Fax [phone]
An Equal Opportunity/Affirma8ve Action Employer — 50%Recycled/10°k Post Consumer Paper Fax [phone]
N,O}n,{ethCarolSSna
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Customer service
1-877-623-6748

Mr. Riley Hatch
February 7, 2006
Paget
The Class A EQ residuals product shall be analyzed to demonstrate that they are non-
hazardous under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). A corrosivity,
ignitability, and reactivity analysis as well as a Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee annually. See Condition HI. 3. for more
detail.
♦ The Division has amended the frequency with which the Class A EQ residual product must
be monitored so that it is more commiserate with 40 CFR Part 503. Specifically, the
frequency with which monitoring must now be performed is based entirely on the amount of
product that is distributed for application to the land. See Condition Ill. 4. and Condition IH.
5. for more detail.
♦ Some of the analytical results that were submitted with this permit renewal and modification
application package indicated that surrogate recovery percentages were outside acceptable
ranges. In order to ensure that the validity of such analyses may be defended, the Division
urges the Town of Beech Mountain to review results as soon as possible after their receipt
and request re -runs as necessary.
If any parts, requirements, and/or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have
the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this
permit. This request shall be in the from of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North
Carolina General Statutes and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings at 6714 Mail Service
Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6714. Unless such demands are made, this permit shall be final
and binding.
If you need any additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Ed Hardee by
telephone at [phone], or via e-mail at [e-mail].
r l
Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
cc: Mr. Riley Hatch, Town of Beech Mountain
Winston Salem Regional Office -Aquifer Protection Section
Watauga County Health Department
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
APS Central Files
APS Files
LAPCU Residuals Program Coordinator

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUAL SOLIDS (503) PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Town of Beech Mountain
Watauga County
FOR THE
continued operation of an aerated static pile composting facility for the composting of residuals generated
from the treatment of municipal wastewater at the facilities listed in Condition H. 3., and the continued
operation of a program for the distribution of up to 60 dry tons per year of a Class A EQ residuals
product.
Both the facility and the program shall be operated such that no discharge of waste to surface
waters occurs, pursuant to the permit renewal and modification application package received on August
27, 2004 as well as the additional information received on December 17, 2004 and January 10, 2005, and
in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and
approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until January 31, 2011; shall void Permit
No. WQ0002523, issued on April 15, 1999; and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The residuals composting facility and Class A EQ residuals product distribution program
shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -discharge system to prevent the
discharge of any wastes to waters of the state resulting from the operation of this facility or
program.
2. This permit shall become voidable in the event of failure of the residuals composting facility
or Class A EQ residuals product distribution program to adequately protect the assigned
water quality standards of the surface waters and groundwater.

The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to
surface water or groundwater resulting from the operation of this residuals composting
facility or Class A EQ residuals product distribution program.
4. In the event that the residuals composting facility or Class A EQ residuals product
distribution program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance
conditions, the Permittee shall take any immediate corrective actions as may be required by
the Division of Water Quality (Division).
5. Diversion or bypassing of untreated residuals or leachate from the residual composting
facility shall be prohibited. All leachate shall be reused as a wetting agent for the processing
of residuals or disposed of through a Division -approved method.
6. When wastewater residuals are sold or given away, one of the Class A pathogen requirements
in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) and one of vector attraction reduction requirements in 40 CFR Part
503.33 shall be met. Additionally, an evaluation shall be performed which demonstrates the
residuals' ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy of this evaluation,
including all test results and calculations, shall be submitted.
7. No Class A EQ residuals product that tests or is classified as a hazardous or toxic waste under
40 CFR Part 261 shall be sold or given away under the conditions of this permit.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The residuals composting facility and Class A EQ residuals product distribution program
shall be properly operated and maintained at all times.
2. Upon classification of the residuals composting facility and Class A EQ residuals product
distribution program by the Water Pollution Control System Operators Certification
Commission (WPCSOCC), the Permittee shall employ a certified operator to be in
responsible charge (ORC) of the facility and program. The operator shall hold a certificate of
the type classification assigned to the facility and program by the WPCSOCC. The Permittee
shall also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the
conditions of 15A NCAC 8G .0202.
3. a. No residuals other than those generated by the following residuals source -generating
facilities shall be approved for acceptance for treatment in the residuals composting
facility in accordance with this permit:
Residuals
Permit
Maximum
Permittee
Source -Generating
County
Number
Dry Tons
Facility
per Year
Town ofBeech
Pond Creek WWTP
Watauga
NCO069761
11
Mountain
Town of Beech
Grassy Gap Creek
Watauga
NCO022730
4
Mountain
WWTP
TOTAL
15

b. No Class A EQ residuals product other than that generated by the following residuals
source -generating facilities shall be approved for distribution under the Class A EQ
residuals product distribution program in accordance with this hermit:
Permittee / Residuals
Maximum
Source -Generating
Product
County
Permit
Dry Tons
Facility
Number
per Year
Town of Beech
Mountain
Beech Mountain
Residuals Composting
Compost
Watauga
WQ0002523
60
Facility
TOTAL
60
4. No other residuals or Class A EQ residuals product other than that from the residuals source -
generating facilities specified in Condition II. 3. may be composted and distributed under this
permit. The Permittee shall request and obtain a permit amendment from the Division for
each additional residual source -generating facility prior to acceptance of those residuals for
treatment in the approved residuals composting facility and distribution through the approved
Class A EQ residuals product distribution program.
5. All residuals and Class A EQ residuals product shall be adequately stored to prevent leachate
runoff prior to and following treatment. Following treatment, the Class A EQ residuals
product may be stored in an elevated silo, placed on a concrete pad, kept under shelter,
covered, or stored in a manner as otherwise approved by the Division until such time as it is
distributed to the user. If an alternative storage site is to be used, approval shall first be
obtained from the Division.
6. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from residuals or the Class A EQ residuals product from the residuals
composting facility onto adjacent property or into any surface waters.
7. For a Class A EQ residuals product to be sold or given away in bags or other container for
application to the land, the following shall be satisfied:
The Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) and the Pollutant Monthly Average
Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) shall be maintained:
Parameter
Arsenic
Ceiling Concentration
(milligrams per kilogram)
75
Monthly Average
Concentration
(milligrams per kilogram)
41
Cadmium
85
39
Copper
4,300
1,500
Lead
840
300
Mercury
57
17
Molybdenum
75
n/a
Nickel
420
420
Selenium
100
100
Zinc
7,500
2,800

8. A label shall be affixed to the bag or other container in which a Class A EQ residuals product
is sold or given away for application to the land, or an information sheet shall be provided to
the person who receives the Class A EQ residuals product sold or given away in another
container for application to the land. The label or information sheet shall contain the
following information:
a. The name and address of the person who prepared the Class A EQ residuals product that
is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.
b. A statement that application of the Class A EQ residuals product to the land is prohibited
except in accordance with the instructions on the label or information sheet.
c. A statement regarding all buffers from the area to which the Class A EQ residuals
product is applied, including a minimum 10-foot buffer from any public or private water
supply sources (i.e., including wells), streams, lakes, rivers, or drainageways.
d. A statement that the Class A EQ residuals product shall not be applied to any site that is
flooded, frozen, or snow-covered.
e. A statement that adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from
carrying any disposed or stored Class A EQ residuals product into any surface waters.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
Any monitoring (i.e., including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division to ensure protection of the environment shall be
established and an acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee to track all residuals composting and
Class A EQ residuals product distribution activities. These records shall include, but are not
necessarily limited to, the following information:
a. Source, amount, and analysis (as applicable) of residuals accepted for treatment in the
residuals composting facility.
b. Source and amount of each amendment material used for treatment in the residuals
composting facility.
c. Analysis of the Class A EQ residuals product.
d. Name of the initial recipient of the Class A EQ residuals product, the amount distributed,
and the intended use.
The Class A EQ residuals product shall be analyzed to demonstrate that they are non-
hazardous under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). A corrosivity,
ignitability, and reactivity analysis as well as a Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee annually, and the results of the analyses
shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.

H
The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (i.e., note the regulatory level in
milligrams per liter in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Barium (100.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Cadmium (1.0)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Chloroform (6.0)
Chromium (5.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
o-Cresol(200.0)
p-Cresol(200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
Pentachlorophenol(100.0)
1, 1 -Dichloroethylene (0.7)
Pyridine (5.0)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Selenium (1.0)
Endrin (0.02)
Silver (5.0)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Tetmchloroethylene(0.7)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Toxaphene (0.5)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (400.0)
Lead (5.0)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2.0)
Lindane (0.4)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Mercury (0.2)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
After the Class A EQ residuals product has been monitored for two years at an annual
frequency, the Permittee may submit a request to the Division for a permit modification to
reduce the frequency of this monitoring requirement. In no case, however, shall the
frequency of this monitoring be less than once per permit cycle when the Class A EQ
residuals product is sold or given away during that year.
An analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee on the Class A EQ residuals product at a
frequency that is dependent on the dry tons of Class A EQ residuals product distributed or
expected to be distributed during the calendar year for application to the land. The
monitoring frequency schedule shall be as stipulated in the following table:
Amount of Product
Amount of Product
Distributed for
Distributed for
Application to the Land
Application to the Land
Monitoring Frequency
(metric tons per
(short tons per
365-day period)
365-day period)
0 < mDT/yr < 290
0 < DT/yr < 319
Once per Year
290 = mDT/yr < 1,500
319 = DT/yr < 1,650
Once per Quarter
(Four Times per Year)
1,500 = mDT/yr < 15,000
1,650 = DT/yr < 16,500
Once per 60 Days
(Six Times per Year)
15,000 = mDT/yr
16,500 = DT/yr
Once per Month
(12 Times per Year)
5

The results of all analyses shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five
years. The analysis shall include the following minimum parameters:
Aluminum
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Mercury
Potassium
Arsenic
Molybdenum
Selenium
Cadmium
Nickel
Sodium
Calcium
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Copper
pH
Total Solids (Percent)
Lead
Plant Available Nitrogen
(By Calculation)
Zinc
The Class A EQ residuals product shall be monitored by the Permittee for compliance with
Condition I. 6. of this permit at a frequency that is dependent on the dry tons of Class A EQ
residuals product distributed or expected to be distributed during the calendar year for
application to the land. The monitoring frequency schedule shall be as stipulated in the
following table:
Amount of Product
Amount of Product
Distributed for
Distributed for
Application to the Land
Application to the Land
Monitoring Frequency
(metric tons per
(short tons per
365-day period)
365-day period)
0 < mDT/yr < 290
0 < DT/yr < 319
Once per Year
290 = mDT/yr < 1,500
319 = DT/yr < 1,650
Once per Quarter
(Four Times per Year)
1,500 = mDT/yr < 15,000
1,650 = DT/yr < 16,500
Once per 60 Days
(Six Times per Year)
15,000 = mDT/yr
16,500 = DT/yr
Once per Month
(12 Times per Year)
The results of all analyses and records of all operational data shall be maintained on file by
the Permittee for a minimum of five years. Data to verify stabilization of the product shall be
maintained by the Permittee. The required data shall be specific to the stabilization process
utilized, but should be sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the Class A pathogen
requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) and the vector attraction reduction requirements in 40
CFR Part 503.33 clearly. In addition, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
certification statements concerning compliance with pathogen requirements, vector attraction
reduction requirements, and management practices shall be completed at the above frequency
by the proper authority or authorities if more than one is involved, either the person who
generates the residuals or the person who prepares the Class A EQ residuals product to be
sold or given away for application to the land.
6. Laboratory analyses and/or operational data, as required by Condition III. 4., and Condition
III. 5. shall be performed/gathered on the Class A EQ residuals product as it is to be
distributed. Furthermore, analytical determinations made pursuant to the monitoring and
reporting requirements of this permit shall be made by a laboratory certified by the Division
for the required parameter(s) under 15A NCAC 211.0800 or 15A NCAC 2H .1100.

Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in Condition
III. L, Condition III. 3., Condition III. 4., Condition III. 5., and Condition III. 6. shall be
submitted annually on or before March I" of the year following the distribution event to the
following address:
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
1617 Mail Service Center
Attn: Information Processing Unit
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Water Quality Section of Division's Winston
Salem Regional Office at telephone number (336) 7714600, as soon as possible, but in no
case more than 24 hours or on the next working day following the occurrence or first
knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the residuals composting facility or Class A EQ residuals product
distribution program that results in the land application of significant amounts of wastes
which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the residuals composting facility or Class A EQ residuals product
distribution program resulting in a release of material to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the residuals composting facility
or_Class A EQ residuals product distribution program has gone out of compliance with
the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on which the system was
designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the residuals
composting facility incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system during transportation of
residuals or Class A EQ residuals product.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letterfomi
within five days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report shall outline the
actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. Applicable Boundaries:
a. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the residuals composting facility shall be as
specified by regulations in 15A NCAC 2L (i.e., "Groundwater Classifications and
Standards"). The Compliance Boundary for a disposal system individually permitted
after December 31, 1983 shall be established at either (1) 250 feet from the waste
disposal area or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is closest to the
residuals composting facility. An exceedance of groundwater quality standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary shall be subject to immediate remediation action
according to 15A NCAC 2L .0106(d)(2).

b. The REVIEW BOUNDARY shall be established around the residuals composting facility
midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area.
Any exceedance of groundwater quality standards at the Review Boundary shall require
action in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L .0106(d)(1).
2. Other Requirements:
a. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.
V. INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals composting facility as well as the
facilities related to the Class A EQ residuals product distribution program residuals storage,
transport, and treatment facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors
and discharges which may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat
to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary
including at least the date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance,
repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be
maintained by the Permittee for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and
shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division -may, upon
presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises, or place on or related to
the residuals composting facility or Class A EQ residuals product distribution program at any
reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or
copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may
obtain samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the residuals composting facility and Class A EQ
residuals product distribution program are operated in accordance with the conditions of this
permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner approved by the Division.
2. This permit shall be effective only with respect to the nature and volume of residuals
described in the application and other supporting data.
3. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina
General Statutes §143-215.6A through §143-215.6C.
4. The annual administering and compliance fee shall be paid by the Permittee within 30 days
after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division
to initiate action to revoke this permit, as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).

5. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all
statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances that may be imposed by other government agencies
(i.e., local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction, including, but not limited to, applicable
river buffer rules in 15A NCAC 2B .0200, soil erosion and sedimentation. control
requirements in 15A NCAC Chapter 4 and under the Division's General Permit NCGO10000,
and any requirements pertaining to wetlands under 15A NCAC 2B .0200 and 15A NCAC
.0500.
6. This permit may be modified, revoked, and/or reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to protect the
environment and public health adequately.
7. The Permittee, at least six months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Division shall review the adequacy of the
residuals composting facility and Class A EQ residuals product distribution program
described therein, and if warranted, shall extend the permit for such period of time and under
such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
8. This permit shall not be automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
residuals composting facility and Class A EQ residuals product distribution program to
change ownership or to change the name of the Permittee, a formal permit request shall be
submitted to the Division documentation from the parties involved and other supporting
materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request shall be considered on its
merits and may or may not be approved.
Permit issued this the s9pth day of February, 2006.
NORTH
MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
Lor Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0002523