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HomeMy WebLinkAboutNC0005088_Id Plan of New Discharges_20140930 Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin Plan for Identification of New Discharges NPDES Permit NC0005088 September 30, 2014 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin REPORT VERIFICATION i Report Verification PROJECT: GROUNDWATER MONITORING PROGRAM CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION ASH BASIN NPDES PERMIT NC0005088 TITLE: PLAN FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES This document has been reviewed for accuracy and quality commensurate with the intended application. Prepared by:______ _______________ Date:____ ______________ Checked by:______ ________________ Date:____________ ______ Approved by:_____ ________________ Date:___________________ Project Manager: Brooke Ahrens, PE Professional Engineer Seal: HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas 440 South Church St., Suite 1000 Charlotte, NC 28202 North Carolina Engineering Firm Number F-0116 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin TABLE OF CONTENTS ii Table of Contents Page Report Verification ......................................................................................................................... i Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. iii Section 1 - Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 Section 2 - Site Description ........................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Plant Description ................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Ash Basin Description ........................................................................................... 3 Section 3 - Site Geology and Hydrogeology ................................................................................. 4 3.1 Site Geologic/Soil Framework ............................................................................... 4 3.2 Site Hydrogeologic Framework ............................................................................. 4 Section 4 - Identification of New Discharges ................................................................................ 6 4.1 Purpose of Inspection ............................................................................................ 6 4.2 Seepage ................................................................................................................ 6 4.3 Area To Be Inspected for New Discharges ........................................................... 6 4.4 Inspection Procedure ............................................................................................ 6 Section 5 - References ................................................................................................................. 7 Appendices A – Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin – Inspection for Identification of New Discharges Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin LIST OF FIGURES iii List of Figures Figure 1 – Site Location Map Figure 2 – Areas To Be Inspected For Seeps Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION 1 Section 1 - Introduction The purpose of this document is to address the requirements of North Carolina General Statute (GS)130A-309.210 (d) Identification and assessment of discharges; correction of unpermitted discharges, as modified by North Carolina Senate Bill 729, for the Cliffside Steam Station (CSS) ash basins. The active ash basin is operated under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit NC0005088. The following requirements are contained in General statue 130A-309.210: d) Identification of New Discharges. – No later than October 1, 2014, the owner of a coal combustion residuals surface impoundment shall submit a proposed Plan for the Identification of New Discharges to the Department for its review and approval as provided in this subsection. (1) The proposed Plan for the Identification of New Discharges shall include, at a minimum, all of the following: a. A procedure for routine inspection of the coal combustion residuals surface impoundment to identify indicators of potential new discharges, including toe drain outfalls, seeps, and weeps. b. A procedure for determining whether a new discharge is actually present. c. A procedure for notifying the Department when a new discharge is confirmed. d. Any other information related to the identification of new discharges required by the Department. (2) The Department shall approve the Plan for the Identification of New Discharges if it determines that the Plan complies with the requirements of this subsection and will be sufficient to protect public health, safety, and welfare; the environment; and natural resources. (3) No later than 30 days from the approval of the Plan for the Identification of New Discharges, the owner shall begin implementation of the Plan in accordance with the Plan. The North Carolina Senate Bill 729 establishes the submittal date of this Plan for Identification of New Discharges no later than October 1, 2014. This bill also modified GS 130A to establish the following submittals that are related to this Plan. GS130A-309.210(a) was modified to require: Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION 2 (2) No later than December 31, 2014, the owner of a coal combustion residuals surface impoundment shall submit a topographic map that identifies the location of all (i) outfalls from engineered channels designed or improved for the purpose of collecting water from the toe of the impoundment and (ii) seeps and weeps discharging from the impoundment that are not captured by engineered channels designed or improved for the purpose of collecting water from the toe of the impoundment to the Department. The topographic map shall comply with all of the following: a. Be at a scale as required by the Department. b. Specify the latitude and longitude of each toe drain outfall, seep, and weep. c. Specify whether the discharge from each toe drain outfall, seep, and weep is continuous or intermittent. d. Provide an average flow measurement of the discharge from each toe drain outfall, seep, and weep including a description of the method used to measure average flow. e. Specify whether the discharge from each toe drain outfall, seep, and weep identified reaches the surface waters of the State. If the discharge from a toe drain outfall, seep, or weep reaches the surface waters of the State, the map shall specify the latitude and longitude of where the discharge reaches the surface waters of the State. f. Include any other information related to the topographic map required by the Department. The inspection procedures presented in this plan, developed to satisfy the requirements of GS130A-309.210(d), will be used as the basis for developing the topographic map required by GS130A-309.210(a)(2). Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 2 - SITE DESCRIPTION 3 Section 2 - Site Description 2.1 Plant Description CSS is a coal-fired, electricity-generating facility that currently operates Units 5 and 6 only. The original Units 1 through 4 were retired in October 2011. The site is located on the southern bank of the Broad River and lies in both Cleveland and Rutherford Counties. The site is located north of McCraw Road. McCraw Road runs from northwest to southeast in the vicinity of the site. The topography at the site generally slopes downward from McCraw Road toward the Broad River. 2.2 Ash Basin Description The active ash basin is located approximately 1,700 feet to the east-southeast of CSS adjacent to the Broad River as shown on Figure 2. The active ash basin is impounded by earthen dikes located between the west portion of the basin and Suck Creek and between the northeast portion of the basin and the Broad River. The approximate maximum pond elevation of the active ash basin is 765 feet. The Units 1-4 inactive ash basin is located approximately 400 feet to the southeast of the retired Units 1-4 and approximately 1,300 feet to the northeast of Unit 6, adjacent to the Broad River (Figure 2). The Units 1-4 inactive ash basin is impounded by an earthen dike located along the north and northeast sides of the basin. The waste boundary associated with the Units 1-4 inactive ash basin is approximately 14.5 acres in area. The Unit 5 inactive ash basin is located approximately 1,000 feet to the southwest of Unit 5 and approximately 1,000 feet west of Unit 6, south of the Broad River (Figure 2). The Unit 5 inactive ash basin is impounded by two earthen dikes located along the north and northeast sides of the basin. The ash basin system has been an integral part of the station’s wastewater treatment system which has received inflows from the ash removal system, station yard drain sump, stormwater flows, and station wastewater. Currently, the inflows from the ash removal system and the station yard drainage basin are discharged through High Density Polyethylene Pipe (HDPE) sluice lines into the active ash basin. The inflows are variable based on Unit 5 and Unit 6 operations. Effluent from the ash basin system is discharged from the active basin to the Broad River through a concrete discharge tower located in the northeast portion of the basin. The concrete discharge tower drains through a 42-inch reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) into a rip-rap lined channel that discharges to the Broad River. The ash basin pond elevation is controlled by the use of concrete stop logs. Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 3 - SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY 4 Section 3 - Site Geology and Hydrogeology 3.1 Site Geologic/Soil Framework The CSS site is located within the Inner Piedmont Belt of the Piedmont physiographic province (Piedmont) (North Carolina Geological Survey 1985). Based on the location of the site on the geologic map of the Charlotte 1º x 2º Quadrangle, North and South Carolina (Goldsmith et al. 1988), the underlying bedrock at the site is mainly composed of biotite gneiss and sillimanite- mica schist. The soils that overlie the bedrock in the area have generally formed from the in-place weathering of the parent bedrock. The fractured bedrock is overlain by a mantle of unconsolidated material known as regolith. The regolith, where present, includes the soil zone, a zone of weathered, decomposed bedrock known as saprolite, and alluvium. Saprolite, the product of chemical and mechanical weathering of the underlying bedrock, is typically composed of silt and coarser granular material up to boulder size and may reflect the texture of the rock from which it was formed. The weathering products of felsic rocks may be sandy-textured and rich in quartz content while mafic rocks form a more clayey saprolite (LeGrand 2004). 3.2 Site Hydrogeologic Framework Piedmont topography is characterized by gently rounded sloped hills and valleys. Recharge typically occurs on upland areas and slopes while groundwater discharge is concentrated in surface water bodies and lowland areas. LeGrand’s (1988, 2004) conceptual model of the groundwater setting in the Piedmont incorporates the above two medium systems into an entity that is useful for the description of groundwater conditions. That entity is the surface drainage basin that contains a perennial stream or river (LeGrand 1988). Each basin is similar to adjacent basins and the conditions are generally repetitive from basin to basin. Within a basin, movement of groundwater is generally restricted to the area extending from the drainage divides to a perennial stream or river (Slope-Aquifer System; LeGrand 1988, 2004). Rarely does groundwater move beneath a perennial stream or river to another more distant stream (LeGrand 2004). Therefore, in most cases in the Piedmont, the groundwater system is a two-medium system (LeGrand 1988) restricted to the local drainage basin. The groundwater occurs in a system composed of two interconnected layers: residuum/saprolite and weathered rock overlying fractured crystalline rock separated by the transition zone. Typically, the residuum/saprolite is partly saturated and the water table fluctuates within it. Water movement is generally through the fractured bedrock. The near-surface fractured crystalline rocks can form extensive aquifers. The character of such aquifers results from the combined effects of the rock type, fracture system, topography, and weathering. Topography exerts an influence on both weathering and the opening of fractures while the weathering of the crystalline rock modifies both transmissive and storage characteristics. The aquifer system in the Piedmont typically exists in an unconfined or semi-confined condition in the bedrock zone. Under natural conditions, the general direction of groundwater flow can be Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 3 - SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY 5 approximated from the surface topography. Groundwater moves both vertically down through the regolith and parallel to the bedrock surface to areas where groundwater discharges as seepage into streams, lakes, or other surface water bodies. The CSS ash basins are located adjacent to and south of the Broad River and are located on the north side of McCraw Road (Figure 1). This road runs generally northwest to southeast and is located along a local topographic divide. Based on the slope-aquifer system, the generalized flow of groundwater at the site is expected to flow downward from this topographic divide toward the ash basin and the Broad River. Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 4 - IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES 6 Section 4 - Identification of New Discharges 4.1 Purpose of Inspection The purpose of the inspection is to identify new discharges and indicators of potential new discharges, including toe drain outfalls, seeps, and weeps associated with the coal combustion residuals surface impoundments (ash basins). 4.2 Seepage Seepage is considered to be the movement of wastewater from the ash basin through the ash basin embankment, the embankment foundation, the embankment abutments, or through residual material in areas adjacent to the ash basin. A seep is defined in this document as an expression of seepage at the ground surface. A weep is understood to have the same meaning as a seep. Indicators of seepage include areas where water is observed on the ground surface and/or where vegetation suggests the presence of seepage. Seepage can emerge anywhere on the downstream face, beyond the toe, or on the downstream abutments at elevations below normal pool. Seepage may vary in appearance from a "soft," wet area to a flowing "spring." Seepage may show up first as only an area where the vegetation is lusher and darker green than surrounding vegetation. Cattails, reeds, mosses, and other marsh vegetation often become established in a seepage area.1 However, in many instances, indicators of seeps do not necessarily indicate the presence of seeps. 4.3 Area To Be Inspected for New Discharges The areas to be inspected are areas of the site where water contained in the ash basin might infiltrate into the underlying residual material and be expressed as seepage. This would include the earthen embankment which impounds the ash basin and certain adjacent areas. The extent of the areas to be inspected was determined based on the generalized LeGrand conceptual model, the concept of the slope-aquifer system, and the site topography. In this generalization, flow of water from the ash basins would be expected to be located within the slope-aquifer compartments and to be below the full pond elevations of the ash basins. The area to be inspected is shown on Figure 2. 4.4 Inspection Procedure The inspection procedure for identification of new discharges and indicators of potential new discharges associated with the CSS ash basins is provided in Appendix A. In addition to the specific requirements for the inspection, Appendix A also provides the general requirements, the frequency of inspections, documentation requirements, and provides a decision flow chart for determining if the potential new discharge is associated with the ash basin. 1 Dam Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection Manual, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Land Resources, Land Quality Division, 1985 (Revised 2007). Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | Plan for Identification of New Discharges Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin SECTION 5 - REFERENCES 7 Section 5 - References North Carolina Geological Survey, 1985, Geologic map of North Carolina: North Carolina Geological Survey, General Geologic Map, scale 1:500000. Goldsmith, R., Milton, D. J. and Horton, J. W., Jr. 1988. Geologic map of the Charlotte 1o x 2o quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina: United States Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Investigations Series, Map I-1251-E, scale 1:250,000. LeGrand, H.E. 1988. Region 21, Piedmont and Blue Ridge, p.201-208, in Black, W., Rosenhein, J.S., and Seaber, P.R., eds., Hydrogeology: Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, v. O-2, Boulder, Colorado, 524p. LeGrand, Harry, Sr. 2004. A Master Conceptual Model for Hydrogeological Site Characterization in the Piedmont and Mountain Region of North Carolina, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Figures TAFFTJULY 31, 2014SEPTEMBER 30, 2014 A CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION ASH BASIN INSPECTION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin  INSPECTION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES     1    1. Purpose of Inspection  The purpose of the inspection is to identify new discharges and indicators of potential new discharges,  including toe drain outfalls, seeps, and weeps that arise after the initial submittal of maps required by  North Carolina General Statute 130A‐309.210(a)(2)(ii).  Seepage is considered to be the movement of  wastewater from the ash basin through the ash basin embankment, the embankment foundation, the  embankment abutments, or through residual material in areas adjacent to the ash basin. Therefore, a  seep is defined in this document as an expression of seepage at the ground surface.  A weep is  understood to have the same meaning as a seep. If new discharges or indicators of potential new  discharges are identified, the decision flow chart (see Figure A‐1) will be used to determine if the  potential new discharge is from the ash basin and if notification to the North Carolina Department of  Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) Division of Water Resources (DWR) is required.    2. General Inspection Requirements  2.1. Inspections are to be performed on areas that are below the ash basin full pond elevation and  within the area shown on Figure A‐2.  The purpose of the inspection is to identify new  discharges and indicators of potential new discharges, including toe drain outfalls, seeps, and  weeps associated with the coal combustion residuals surface impoundment (ash basin).    2.2. If required, a larger scale figure showing the locations of outfalls from engineered channels will  be developed.  If a separate figure showing outfalls from engineered channels is not developed,  Figure A‐2 will be revised to show these features.  2.3. Inspections of areas on or adjacent to the ash basin embankments should be performed within  two months after mowing, if possible.  2.4. Inspections should not be performed if the following precipitation amounts have occurred in  the respective time period preceding the planned inspection:   2.4.1. Precipitation of 0.1 inches or greater within 72 hours or   2.4.2. Precipitation of 0.5 inches or greater within 96 hours  2.5. Record the most recent ash basin water surface elevation.  2.6. Review previous Inspection for Identification of New Discharge report(s) prior to performing  inspection.  2.7. Review the most recent previous dam inspections.  2.8. Conduct an interview with the Site Environmental Coordinator prior to performing inspection  to inquire about possible changes to site conditions, such as pond elevations, operations,  additions or removal of wastewater discharges to the ash basin, changes to site surface water  drainage, etc.    Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin  INSPECTION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES     2    3. Frequency of Inspections   Inspections will be performed on a semi‐annual basis during the following months: April to May and  October to November.  4. Qualifications   The inspections shall be performed under the direction of a qualified Professional Engineer or  Professional Geologist.    5. Documentation of Inspection  The inspection shall be documented by the individual performing the inspection.  The report should  contain observations and descriptions of the seeps observed, changes in observations compared to  previous inspections, estimates of flows quantities, and photographs of seeps and outfalls of engineered  channels designed or improved for collecting water from the impoundment.  Photographs are to be  numbered and captioned.  6. Initial Inspection   An initial inspection should be performed to identify features and document baseline conditions  including location, extent (i.e., dimensions of affected area), and flow.  Seep locations should be  recorded using a Global Positioning System (GPS) device. Photographs should be taken from vantage  points that can be replicated during subsequent semi‐annual inspections.  7. Inspection For New Seeps at Outfalls From Engineered Channels  Inspect the outfalls from engineered channels designed and/or improved (such as through the  placement of rip‐rap) associated with the ash basin dikes to identify new seeps or indicators of new  seeps.    7.1. Inspect all outfalls from engineered channels designed and/or improved (such as through the  placement of rip‐rap)  7.2. Document the condition of the outfall of the engineered channel with photographs.   Photographs are to be taken from similar direction and scale as photographs taken during the  initial inspection.  7.3. Observe outfall for seepage and for indicators of seeps.    7.4. Compare current seepage location, extent, and flow to seepage photographs and descriptions  from previous inspections.   7.5. Record flow rate if measureable.     Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin  INSPECTION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES     3    9. Inspection For New Seeps Not Captured by Engineered Channels  Inspect areas below the ash basin full pond elevation and within the slope‐aquifer system shown on  Figure A‐2 to identify new seeps or indicators of new seeps.  Inspect topographic drainage features that  potentially could contain new seeps that potentially discharge from the ash basin.    9.1. Previously Identified Seeps  a) Inspect previously identified seep locations.  Document the condition of the seeps with a  photograph.  Photographs are to be taken from similar direction and at a similar scale as the  photograph documenting original photograph of seep.  Describe the approximate  dimensions and flow conditions of the seep.  b) If flow measurement device is installed at the outfall, record flow.  c) Observe seep to determine if changes to location, extent, or flows are present. Document  changes to location, extent, and/or flow amount or pattern.  9.2. New Seep or Indicators of Seep  a) Mark the location of new seep or indicators of seep using a GPS device.  b) Document the condition of the seeps or indicators of seeps with a photograph.    c) Describe the approximate dimensions and flow conditions of the seep.  d) Map the location of new seep or indicator of seep using GPS coordinate points collected  during the site visit.  e) If seep or indicator of seep was not caused by changes in surface water drainage and if the  location is below the ash basin pond elevation, utilize the decision flow chart to determine if  the seep represents a discharge from the ash basin and if notification to DWR is required.  10. Update Maps Identifying Seeps  If new seeps are identified during the inspection, Figure A‐2 shall be updated to show the location of the  new seeps.  All seeps located below the ash basin full pond elevation and within the slope‐aquifer  system shown are to be shown on Figure A‐2.  11. Decision Flow Chart  The decision flow chart developed to determine whether a new seep discharges from the ash basin is  found on Figure A‐1.         Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin  INSPECTION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES     4    12. Procedure for Notifying NCDENR DWR If New Discharge Is Confirmed  If it is determined that a newly identified seep is present, Duke Energy will notify the DWR Regional  Office by mail within 14 days after the determination.     Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin INSPECTION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISCHARGES   5    Notes: 1. If no new seeps are identified, inspection will be documented however no notification to NCDENR DWR is required. 2. If new seeps are identified that do not represent discharge from the ash basin during the same inspection that identifies new seeps that do represent a discharge from the ash basin, a single report will be submitted to NCDENR DWR.