NC0089699_Review of 316 (b) Dan River Inkae_20170615

Water Resources
Environmental Quality
June 15th, 2017
Teresa Rodriguez
NPDES Unit
Subject Review of 316(b) Dan River Intake Rockingham County, NC
Dear Teresa
ROY COOPER
Coves nor
MICHAEL S. REGAN
Secretary
S. JAY ZIMMERMAN
Derectol
Jeff DeBerardinis and Eric Fleek from the Water Sciences Section (WSS) staff have reviewed the
germane fish and benthos data for the subject reach of the Dan River Specifically, as it relates to the
proposed installation and operation of the new intake Based on this review, we do not have any
significant objections or concerns at this time Additionally, there are long-term benthos and fish datasets
available in this area and any deleterious impacts that may arise to these communities due to operation of
the new intake may be detected In this event, the Department should reserve the right to modify the
permit accordingly
Please do not hesitate to contact me or my staff if you should have any comments or concerns
Sincerely,
4-/"
Cyndi Karoly
Chief, Water Sciences Section
Nothing Compares�-,
State of North Carolina I Environmental Quality / Water Sciences Section
1621 Mail Service Center I Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1621
919-743-8400

ROY COOPER
Goremoj
,o
Water Resources
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
MEMORANDUM
May 9, 2017
To: Cyndi Karoly, Section Chief
Water Science Section
From: Teresa Rodriguez
919-807-6387
NPDES Unit
Subject: 316(b) Report Rockingham County
MICHAEL S REGAN
Sea e(ai P
S JAY ZIMMERMAN
Du ectoi
The NPDES received a new application for a proposed natural gas -fired combined cycle electric
generating facility that falls under the requirements of CWA Section 316(b). A new intake
structure is proposed on the Dan River in Rockingham County. The NPDES Complex permitting
Branch is requesting the review of the application documents pertaining to the evaluation of the
Biological Characterization Data included in the application.
State of North Carolina I Environmental Quality I Water Resources
1617 Mail Service Center I Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
919 807 6300

Water Resources
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
MEMORANDUM
May 9, 2017
To: Cyndi Karoly, Section Chief
Water Sciences Section
From: Teresa Rodriguez
919-807-6387
NPDES Unit
Subject: 316(b) Report Rockingham County
ROY COOPER
Govemoi
MICHAEL S REGAN
Sect eiai7,
S JAY ZIMMERMAN
Du ectoi
The NPDES received a new application for a proposed natural gas -fired combined cycle electric
generating facility that falls under the requirements of CWA Section 316(b). A new intake
structure is proposed on the Dan River in Rockingham County. The NPDES Complex permitting
Branch is requesting the review of the application documents pertaining to the evaluation of the
Biological Characterization Data included in the application.
�f has I (��
) - om:�,w
(dm
RECEIVED
MAY 1 12017
Water Sciences Section
State of North Carolina ,� Environmental Quality I Water Resources
1617 Mail Service Center I Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
919 807 6300

,=Cj,- Environmental Consulting
& Technology of
North Carolina, PLLC
RECEIVEDINCDEQIDWR
APR 2 7 2017
Water UUaUty
Permitting Section
APPENDIX D
316(b) (r) REPORTS
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Rockingham County
Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b)
Compliance per 40 CFR 122.21(r) and
125.86(b)
Rockingham County, NC
April 2017
CG7 No 170030

Rockingham County
Table of Contents
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Section Page
1.0 Introduction 1-1
1.1 Project Background 1-1
1.2 Regulatory Background 1-3
2.0 Source Water Physical Data [40 CFR
122.21(r)(2)] 2-1
2.1 Description of Source Water Body [40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(2)(i)] 2-1
2.2 Characterization of Source Water Body [40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(2)(ii)] 2-5
2.2.1 Hydrology 2-5
2.2.2 Geomorphology 2-5
2.2.3 Determination of Area of Influence 2-6
2.3 Locational Maps [40 CFR 122.21(r)(iii)] 2-8
3.0 Cooling Water Intake Structure Data [40 CFR
122.21(r)(3)] 3-1
3.1
Narrative Description of CWIS [40 CFR 122.21(r)(3)(i)]
3-1
3.2
Latitude and Longitude of CWIS [40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(3)(ii)]
3-8
3.3
Description of CWIS Operation [40 CFR 122.21(r)(3)(iii)]
3-8
3.4
Intake Flow [40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(3)(iv)]
3-8
3.5
Engineering Drawings of CWIS [40 CFR 122.21(r)(3)(v)]
3-10
4.0 Source Water Baseline Biological
Characterization Data [40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)] 4-1
4.1 List of Unavailable Biological Data [40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(i)] 4-1
4.2 List of Species and Relative Abundance in the Vicinity of CWIS L40
CFR 122.21(r)(4)1 4-1
4.2.1 Rhode et al Studies 4-2
4.2.2 NC Wildlife Resources Commission 4-2
4.2.3 Duke Energy 4-2
4.3 Identification of Species and Life Stages Susceptible to I and E LO
CFR 122.21(r)(4)(iii)l 4-5
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
4.4 Identification and Evaluation of Primary Growth Period 4f 0 CFR
122.21(r)(4)(iv)l
4-12
4.4.1 Reproduction
4-12
4.4.2 Larval Recruitment and Period of Peak Abundance
4-12
4.5
Data Representative of Seasonal and Daily Activities of Organisms
in the Vicinity ofCWIS [40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(v)]
4-13
4.6
Identification of Threatened, Endangered, and Other Protected
Species Susceptible to I and E at CWIS r40 CFR 122 21(r)(4)(ivll
4-13
4.7
Documentation of Consultation with Services [40 CFR
122.21(r)(4)(vii)]
4-18
4.8
Methods and Quality Assurance Procedures for Field Efforts NO
CFR 122 21(r)(4)(viii)]
4-18
4.9
Definition of Source Water Baseline Biological Characterization
Data [40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(ix)]
4-18
4.10
Identification of Protective Measures and Stabilization Activities LO
CFR 122.21(r)(4)(x)l
4-19
4.11
List of Fragile Species [40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(4)(xi)]
4-19
4.12
Information Submitted to Obtain Incidental Take Exemption or
Authorization from Services [40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(xii)]
4-20
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Rockingham County
List of Tables
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table
Page
1
Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR
125.84(a)(1)
1-4
2
Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR
125.86(b)
1-7
3
Impairments and Appropriate Uses of Waters of Dan River within Vicinity
of CWIS
2-5
4
Summary of Dan River Fish Survey Results with Relative Abundance
4-3
5
Potential for Impingement and Entrainment of Fish Species Located
within the Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
4-6
6
Seasonal and Daily Activities of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity
of the Proposed CWIS
4-8
7
List of State and Federally Protected Species Potentially Occurring in the
Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
4-16
8
Protected Aquatic Species Range and Reproductive Habits
4-17
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Rockingham County
List of Figures
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Fi ure
1 Site Location, Intake, and Discharge Overview
2 Raw Water Intake and Pump Station Site Plan
3 Discharge Location
4 Proposed Cooling Water Intake Screen Design
5 Preliminary Water Balance Diagram
6 Preliminary Water Balance — Water Use Scenarios
Page
1-2
2-2
2-3
3-3
3-5
3-6
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AM I

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Proiect Background
This report has been prepared to address relevant sections of the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR), Title 40, Parts 122.21(r) and 125.85(b), of the Clean Water Act Section 316(b) rule for
new facilities (Phase I of the rule; Federal Register [FR] Volume 66, pp. 65337-65345, as
amended). Section 316(b) requires the location, design, construction, and capacity of cooling
water intake structures (CWISs) reflect the best technology available for minimizing adverse
environmental impact. Phase I of the rule applies to new facilities required to have a National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit that have a CWIS with a design
capacity greater than or equal to 2 million gallons per day (MGD), and use at least 25 percent
of the water withdrawn for cooling purposes.
The Rockingham County Department of Engineering & Public Utilities (Rockingham
County) is proposing to provide water and wastewater services to the proposed Reidsville
Energy Center, a natural gas -fired combined cycle electric generating facility in Rockingham
County, North Carolina, herein referred to as the "Project" The proposed Project will be
constructed approximately 9 miles west of Reidsville, North Carolina, along Highway 65
(Figure 1) and will consist of one combustion turbine with supplementary duct firing. The
exhaust heat from the combustion turbine and the supplemental duct firing will be captured
and converted to steam in a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) before passing through a
steam turbine to generate additional power. The Project will provide the benefit of local
power generation from a reliable, environmentally responsible fuel source Combined -cycle
plants have the ability to start up quickly and vary generation to match load conditions,
making this type of plant a good complement to renewable generation such as solar or wind.
Rockingham County intends to withdraw up to 4.194 MGD from an intake and pump station
located on the Dan River for cooling and process water (Figure 1).
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FIGURE I
SITE LOCATION, INTAKE, AND DISCHARGE OVERVIEW
Environmental Consulting
& Technology of
North Carolina, PLLC
Sources LIDAR Contours, 2007, ESRI World Imagery, NAIP, 2014 ECT 2016

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
1.2 Regulatory Background
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated the Phase I rule for regulation
of new facilities under Section 316(b) on December 18, 2001, and these rules became
effective on January 17, 2002, with minor amendments made to the rule in July 2003. The
Phase II rule (for existing facilities) was published on July 9, 2004 (69 FR 41576) but
withdrawn in 2007; the reissued final 316(b) rule for existing facilities (79 FR 48300) became
effective on October 14, 2014. The final rule supersedes the Phase II rule, the remanded
existing facility portion of the previously promulgated Phase III rule, and includes minor
amendments to the Phase I rule.
The 316(b) Phase I rule requires each affected facility's application for an NPDES discharge'
permit include specific submittals and supporting information to demonstrate compliance with
the rule's performance standards. Facilities such as the proposed Project are required to
submit a set of documents with their NPDES application to establish compliance with 40 CFR
122.21(r)(2) through (4):
(2) Source Water Physical Data
(3) Cooling Water Intake Structure Data
(4) Source Water Baseline Biological Characterization
This document addresses the requirements for these three reports in the following three
sections.
Rockingham County anticipates peak withdrawals of 4.194 MGD and is therefore seeking to
comply under the rule's "Track I" as defined at 40 CFR 125.84(c). Section 3.1 summarizes
the proposed intake's compliance with the criteria defined at this section of the rule (see 40
CFR 125.86(b) for Track I application requirements). Tables 1 and 2 provide a summary of
how the proposed project addresses the requirements of 40 CFR 125.84(a)(1) and 125.86(b),
respectively, including cross-references to the relevant sections of the following report
The Phase I rule also requires the applicant to summarize how the proposed cooling system
and intake will comply with the requirements of the rule. The information required is
contained in Sections 2, 3, and 4 of this report per the specifications of 40 CFR 122.21(r).
A�C,�
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 1. Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR 125.84(a)(1)
§ 125.84 As an owner or operator of a new facility, what must I do to comply with this subpart?
(a)(1) The owner or operator of a new facility must comply with either
(i) Track I in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, or
(n) Track 11 in paragraph (d) of this section
(2) In addition to meeting the requirements in paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this section, the owner or operator of a new facility
may be required to comply with paragraph (e) of this section
(c) Track 1 requirements for new facilities that withdraw gi eater than 2 MGD and less than 10 MGD and that choose not to
comply with paragraph (b) of this section You must comply with all of the following requirements
Subsection
Notes on Rockingham County's Approach
(1) You must design and construct each cooling water
The facility's cooling water intake will be designed to achieve
intake structure at your facility to a maximum through-
through -screen velocities of less than 0 5 fps
screen design intake velocity of 0 5 fps,
(2) You must design and construct your cooling water intake
structure such that the total design intake flow from all
cooling water intake structures at your facility meets the
following requirements
(i) For cooling water intake structures located in a freshwater
The proposed intake is located in a freshwater river The
river or stream, the total design intake flow must be no
proposed total design intake flow is 0 63 percent of the
greater than five (5) percent of the source water annual mean
average mean flow as estimated from 17 years of annual flow
flow,
record for the Dan River near Wentworth, North Carolina,
located just downstream of the intake
(ii) For cooling water intake structures located in a lake or
Not applicable
reservoir, the total design intake flow must not disrupt the
natural thermal stratification or turnover pattern (where
present) of the source water except in cases where the
disruption is determined to be beneficial to the management
of fisheries for fish and shellfish by any fishery management
agency(ies),
(in) For cooling water intake structures located in an estuary
Not Applicable
or tidal river, the total design intake flow over one tidal
cycle of ebb and flow must be no greater than one (1)
percent of the volume of the water column within the area
centered about the opening of the intake with a diameter
defined by the distance of one tidal excursion at the mean
low water level,
(3) You must select and implement design and construction
The proposed intake location potentially meets at least one of
technologies or operational measures for minimizing
the criteria defined below [i e , (4)(1)] Flow reduction from
impingement mortality of fish and shellfish if
the use of closed -cycle cooling, along with wedgewire screens
with a through -screen velocity less than 0 5 fps, will minimize
impingement mortality of fish and shellfish
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 1. Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR 125.84(a)(1)
(i) There are threatened or endangered or otherwise protected
federal, state, or tribal species, or critical habitat for these
species, within the hydraulic zone of influence of the cooling
water intake structure, or
(n) There are migratory and/or sport or commercial species
of impingement concern to the Director or any fishery
management agency(ies), which pass through the hydraulic
zone of influence of the cooling water intake structure, or
(m) It is determined by the Director or any fishery
management agency(ies) that the proposed facility, after
meeting the technology -based performance requirements in
paragraphs (c)(1) and (c) (2)of this section, would still
contribute unacceptable stress to the protected species,
critical habitat of those species, or species of concern,
(4) You must select and implement design and construction
technologies or operational measures for minimizing
entrainment of entrainable life stages of fish and shellfish
The intake is located in an area that may support listed
species, including the Roanoke logperch and James
spinymussel However, as discussed in Section 4 6, species -
specific habitat preferences may reduce the potential for
interaction with the intake Given the Project's use of
closed -cycle recirculating cooling system and the protective
design of the intake, it is believed unlikely that any listed
species would be subject to substantive effects from
impingement
Migratory, sport, and/or commercial species may be present
near the intake, however, the size of the hydraulic zone of
influence is very small and its location along the bank and
low through -screen velocity strongly suggests that fish
would be able to avoid impingement
The use of closed -cycle cooling and side bank wedgewire
screen intake design should be protective of any species of
concern or critical habitat Rockingham County will
coordinate with NC Wildlife Resources Commission (WRC)
and U S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to ensure that
the intake will not contribute unacceptable stress to protected
species, species of concern, or critical habitat
Flow reduction from the use of closed -cycle cooling, along
with wedgewire screens with a through -screen velocity no
greater than 0 5 fps, will minimize entrainment of fish and
shellfish including protected species
(5) You must submit the application information required in The relevant information required at 40 CFR 122 21(r) and
40 CFR 122 21(r) and § 125 86(b)(2), (3), and (4), 125 86(b)(2), (3), and (4) is provided in this document
(6) You must implement the monitoring requirements
specified in § 125 87,
(7) You must implement the recordkeepmg requirements
specified in § 125 88
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The Project exceeds the Phase I rule requirements for
facilities withdrawing between 2 and 10 MGD of cooling
water by incorporating closed -cycle cooling and by
employing wedgewire screens that essentially eliminate
impingement but are not amenable to quantitative _
impmgem_`ent s_amphng(as is typically performed on intakes
with traveling screens) Rockingham County believes that its
use of these technologies (considered best technology
available (BTA) for both impingement mortality and
entrainment mortality under other aspects of the 316(b) rule)
eliminates the need for biological monitoring that would be
required under § 125 87(a) Rockingham County believes
that flow monitoring and periodic inspection of the screen
surfaces would is sufficient to comply with the velocity
monitoring requirements in § 125 87(b) and (c)
Rockingham County will comply with the rule's recordkeepmg
and reporting requirements as stipulated in the Project's
NPDES permit

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 1. Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR 125.84(a)(1)
§ 125 84(e) You must comply with any more stringent
requirements relating to the location, design, construction, and
capacity of a cooling water intake structure or monitoring
requirements at a new facility that the Director deems are
reasonably necessary to comply with any provision of state
law, including compliance with applicable state water quality
standards (including designated uses, criteria, and
antidegradation requirements)
Source Rockingham County, 2017
§ 125 84(a)(2) states that "a new facility may be required to
comply with paragraph (e) of this section" [emphasis added]
The riverbank location has been selected to avoid known
critical oo unique aquatic or shoreline habitats fEW-0_ject
d'esign`ezceeds the Phase I "rule requirements for facilities
withdrawing between 2 and 10 MGD of cooling water by
incorporating closed -cycle cooling and incorporating
wedgewue screens Construction impacts will have a minimal
footprint and will not impact water quality or designated uses
Additional requirements are therefore not anticipated Should
additional requirements be deemed necessary, Rockingham
County will review them and reserves the right to suggest
alternative approaches to addressing any potential concerns by
the Director
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 2. Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR 125.86(b)
§ 125.86 As an owner or operator of a new facility, what must I collect and submit when I apply for my new or reissued
NPDES permit?
(a)(1) As an owner or operator of a new facility, you must submit to the Director a statement that you intend to comply with either
(i) The Track I requirements for new facilities that withdraw equal to or greater than 10 MGD in § 125 84(b),
(ii) The Track I requirements for new facilities that withdraw greater than 2 MGD and less than 10 MGD in
§ 125 84(c),
(ui) The requirements for Track II in § 125 84 (d)
(2) You must also submit the application information required by 40 CFR 122 21(r) and the information
required in either paragraph (b) of this section for Track I or paragraph (c) of this section for Track II when you apply for a new or
reissued NPDES permit in accordance with 40 CFR 122 21
(b) Track I application requirements To demonstrate compliance with Track I requirements in § 125 84(b) or (c), you must collect
and submit to the Director the information in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section
Subsection
Notes and References to Later Report Sections
(1) Flow reduction information If you must comply with the flow
Not applicable However, the facility will employ closed -
reduction requirements in § 125 84(b)(1), you must submit the
cycle recirculating cooling using mechanical evaporative
following information to the Director to demonstrate that you have
cooling towers Make-up flows have been minimized subject
reduced your flow to a level commensurate with that which can be
to the cooling and process water needs of the plant
attained by a closed -cycle recirculating cooling water system
Blowdown flows have been minimized subject to water
quality constraints of the facility and wastewater discharge
See Section 3 4
(i) A narrative description of your system that has been designed to
Not applicable
reduce your intake flow to a level commensurate with that which can
be attained by a closed -cycle recirculating cooling water system and
any engineering calculations, including documentation demonstrating
that your make-up and blowdown flows have been minimized, and
(it) If the flow reduction requirement is met entirely, or in part, by
Not applicable
reusing or recycling water withdrawn for cooling purposes in
subsequent industrial processes, you must provide documentation that
the amount of cooling water that is not reused or recycled has been
minimized
(2) Velocity information You must submit the following information
The Project is subject to § 125 84(c)(1)
to the Director to demonstrate that you are complying with the
requirement to meet a maximum through -screen design intake
velocity of no more than 0 5 fps at each cooling water intake structure
as required in §125 84(b)(2) and (c)(1)
(i) A narrative description of the design, structure, equipment, and
The facility will achieve a design through -slot velocity
operation used to meet the velocity requirement, and
of less than 0 5 fps using appropriately -sized
wedgewire screens See Section 3 1
(u) Design calculations showing that the velocity requirement will be
The screens are designed to be submerged at extreme low
met gt minimum ambient source water surface elevations (based on
water and they have been designed with sufficient area to
best professional judgement using available hydrological data) and
maintain the target velocity of less than 0 5 fps, even
maximum head loss across the screens or other device
when 15 percent of the slot area is obscured by debris
See Section 3 1
(3) Source waterbody flow information You must submit to the
The proposed intake would be located in a freshwater
Director the following information to demonstrate that your cooling
river, making subsection (3)(1) applicable
water intake structure meets the flow requirements in
125 84 b 3 or (c)(2)
(i) If your cooling water intake structure is located in a freshwater
This section of the rule would limit the withdrawal to no
river or stream, you must provide the annual mean flow and any
more than 5 percent of the annual mean flow of the source
supporting documentation and engineering calculations to show that
waterbody The proposed maximum withdrawal is 4 194
your cooling water intake structure meets the flow requirements,
MGD, or 6 49 cubic feet per second (cfs), which is 0 63
percent of the mean annual flow (1029 3 cfs) as estimated
from 17 years of flow data at Wentworth, North Carolina
See Section 3 1
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 2. Review of Proposed Intake Relative to the Requirements of 40 CFR 125.86(b)
(n) If your cooling water intake structure is located in an estuary or
Not applicable
tidal river, you must provide the mean low water tidal excursion
distance and any supporting documentation and engineering
calculations to show that your cooling water intake structure facility
meets the flow requirements, and
(iii) If your cooling water intake structure is located in a lake or
Not applicable
reservoir, you must provide a narrative description of the water body
thermal stratification, and any supporting documentation and
engineering calculations to show that the natural thermal
stratification and turnover pattern will not be disrupted by the total
(4) Design and Construction Technology Plan To comply with §
Project will follow compliance under Track I - § 125 84(c)
125 84(b)(4) and (5), or (c)(3) and (c)(4), you must submit to the
Director the following information to a Design and Construction
Technology Plan
(i) Information to demonstrate whether or not you meet the criteria in
As presented in Section 1 1, Rockingham County's
§ 125 84(b)(4) and (b)(5), or (c)(3) and (c)(4),
proposed intake meets the criteria articulated at §
125 84(c)(3) and (c)(4) It believes that it has addressed
the goals of the rule by utilizing closed -cycle cooling,
wedgewire screens, and the 0 5 fps through -screen
(u) Delineation of the hydraulic zone of influence for your cooling
The hydraulic zone of influence is negligible for the
water intake structure,
intake structure given that the target through -slot velocity
is less than 0 5 fps See Section 2 2 3
(iii) The owner or operator of a new facility required to install design
Rockingham County has designed the intake to minimize
and construction technologies and/or operational measures must
impingement and entrainment through the design and
develop a plan which explains the technologies and measures
operational measures of the facility including intake
selected, this plan shall be based on information collected for the
location, use of closed -cycle cooling, wedgewire screens,
Source Water Biological Baseline Characterization required by 40
and less than 0 5 fps through -screen velocity
(A) A narrative description of the design and operation of the design
A narrative description of the design and operation of the
and construction technologies, including fish -handling and return
facility and how it will minimize impingement is included
systems, that you will use to maximize the survival of those species
in Section 3
expected to be most susceptible to impingement Provide species -
specific information that demonstrates the efficacy of the
(B) A narrative description of the design and operation of the design
A narrative description of the design and operation of the
and construction technologies that you will use to minimize
facility and how it will minimize entramment is also
entrainment of those species expected to be the most susceptible to
included in Section 3
entrainment Provide species -specific information that demonstrates
the efficacy of the technology, and
(C) Design calculations, drawings, and estimates to support the
Drawings and calculations that illustrate these design
descriptions provided in paragraphs (b)(4)(m)(A) and (B) of this
features are included in Sections 3 4 and 3 5
section
Source Rockingham County, 2017
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
2.0 Source Water Physical Data [40 CFR
122.21(r)(2)I
This section provides information on the physical characteristics of the source water body.
The following text from the preamble of the final existing facilities rule provides context
for this information requirement (preamble at 79 FR 48363).
"This requirement is unchanged from the Phase I rule and the 2004 Phase II
rule. The facility is required to submit data to characterize the facility and
evaluate the type of waterbody potentially affected by the cooling water intake
structure. The applicant is required to submit a narrative description and scaled
drawings showing the physical configuration of all source waterbodies used by
the facility, including areal dimensions, depths, salinity and temperature
regimes, and other documentation that supports the determination of the
waterbody type where each cooling water intake structure is located;
identification and characterization of the source waterbody's hydrological and
geomorphological features, and the methods used to conduct any physical
studies to determine the intake's area of influence in the waterbody and the
results of such studies; and locational maps. The Director uses this information
to evaluate the appropriateness of any design or technologies proposed by the
applicant."
2.1 Description of Source Water Body f 40 CFR
122.21(r)(2)(i)1
The proposed Project will be located in Rockingham County, at approximately N 36.334168,
W 79.831705 (Figure 1), with intake and discharge structures located on the Dan River. The
intake structure will be located at the river bank at approximately N 36.39019722, W
79.88805556, with a pump station located at the edge of the 100-year floodplain (Figure 2).
The discharge point will be located at approximately N 36.410485, W 79.826908 (Figure 3).
The Dan River flows within portions of both North Carolina and Virginia. The headwaters of
the Dan River are located in Patrick County, VA, and flow into Stokes County, NC before
meandering north through Rockingham County into portions of Southern Virginia, back into
North Carolina in Caswell County, and eventually connects with the Roanoke River and Kerr
Reservoir in southern Virginia. It is approximately 214 miles long, has a watershed of 3,300
A�C,�
N \PRJ\NTE ENERGY\LKC NPDES\R REPORTS\R REPORTS O42017 DOCX 2-1 If

N TRANTE Enerjzy\LXC NPDES\R reportsTiguresTrevious Versions ofFiguresTigure 3 xlsx\2-4/14/2017
SEME 13RDGE (Sr- 2145)
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FIGURE 3
DISCHARGE PLAN AND PROFILE
Source LKC, 2017
PRELIMINARY
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N. TRJ\NTE Energy\L.KC NPDESA reports\Fjgures\Figure 2-033117.xlsx\2-3/31/2017
--- EDGE OF RIVER
DAN RIVER
.. RIVER ACCESS POINT
STEPS AND LAPIDNG
-- EDGE OF RIVER
i
PARCEL
LINES -- — — — PROPOSED TRAIL -- _
Dc6TNG _ _ _ _.._.--- _ _._.. ■■
CONTOUR .i--
TYV
PROPOSED
�•
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t I I rr ANDADA DXTNG
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PROPOSED
GRAVEL 1
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� 1 Q
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RAW WATER INTAKE SITE PLAN QS
SCALE: 1'- W
FIGURE 2.
RAW WATER INTAKE AND PUMP STATION SITE PLAN
PRELIMINARY
Source: LKC, 2017.
PROPOSED NEW RAWWATER
INTAKE ST RUCTURE WITH
(2) 36"SCREENS AND SPACE
FOR (1) ADDITICNAL SCREEN
— 53$
542 i
— %
654 i •~�' '.� t00 YEAR FLOOD
562\
PROPOSED 570
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- Environmental Consulting
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
square miles, and comprises approximately one third of the Roanoke River Basin.
Land use within the Dan River watershed in Rockingham County is predominately
categorized for agricultural purposes, which includes open land areas that are currently
unfarmed. Industrial and commercial uses combined account for less than one percent of the
total county area (Rockingham County, 2010).
The waters in the vicinity of the proposed CWIS and outfall are classified in North Carolina
Water Quality Standards as Water Supply -IV (WS-IV). According to North Carolina
Division of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), WS-IV waters are "used as sources of water
supply for drinking, culinary, or food processing purposes." WS-IV waters are also protected
for Class C uses, which include protection for secondary recreation, fish consumption, and
wildlife (15A NCAC 213 .0216). Surface waters in the vicinity of the CWIS are impaired for
turbidity, in addition to a fish and shellfish consumption advisory for both mercury and coal
ash in segments of the Dan River in Rockingham County (Table 3). A Total Maximum Daily
Load (TMDL) for turbidity is in place for Dan River segment 22-(31.5), which limits
permitted discharge to not exceed the state turbidity standard of 50 NTU. However,
discharge from the proposed project will only have a projected maximum turbidity of 20
NTU.
Mean annual flow in the Dan River near Wentworth (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] gage
02071000), averaged 1029.30 cubic feet per second (cfs) for the last 17 years (2000 through
January 2017).
Water temperatures in the Dan River near Danville, Virginia (USGS gage 02075045),
approximately 25 miles downstream of the proposed discharge, have an annual average (2007
to 2009) of 16.36 degrees Celsius (°C), with a low in January of 4.8 °C and a high in June of
27.6 'C. Water quality in the Dan River is monitored approximately 20 miles downstream of
the proposed discharge, North East of Eden, North Carolina at USGS gage 02074218. The
annual average pH is approximately 7.23. Dissolved oxygen is generally high, at an annual
average of 9.88 milligrams per liter.
A�,A�
N \PRANTE ENERGY\LKC NPDES\R REPORTSIR REPORTS O42017 DOCX 2-4 A

Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 3. Impairments and Appropriate Uses of Waters of Dan River within Vicinity
of CWIS
Water Body
Dan River
Stream Index
22-(31.5)
Description
From a point 0.7 mile upstream of Jacobs
Creek to a point 0.8 mile downstream of
Matrimony Creek
Classification
WS-IV and Class C standards (included in
WS-IV classification)
Impairments
Fish consumption due to mercury and coal
ash in fish tissue; Turbidity
Source NCDEQ, 2017
2.2 Characterization of Source Water Body [40
CFR 122.21(r)(2)OM
2.2.1 Hydrology
River flow data were obtained from the online hydrologic database NHDPIus and USGS
gages at several stations along the Dan River: 02069000 at Pine Hall, NC, approximately 14
miles upstream of the proposed intake, 02071000 near Wentworth, NC, approximately 4
miles downstream of the proposed intake, and 02075045 near Danville, VA. The historical
low flow of a river is defined as the lowest 7-day average flow that occurs in 10 years (7Q1o),
which for the Dan River is 162 cubic feet per second (cfs), or 105 MGD (as provided by
DEQ).
2.2.2 Geomorphology
The proposed intake is located within the Piedmont physiographic province of North
Carolina. This area typically consists of a 30-70 foot thick layer of clay overlying bedrock.
The Triassic basin, a deep rift filled with sediment, stretches into portions of both
Rockingham and Stokes counties. This basin is composed of fine textured and sparsely
fractured sedimentary rocks, sandstone, mudstone, and sparse thin coal beds (Reid et al.,
2011; Reid and Milici, 2008). Floodplains along the Dan River in Rockingham County
contain highly porous deposits of unconsolidated sediments, like sand or gravel beds
(Huffman, 1998). In the vicinity of the proposed intake and outfall, the Dan River exhibits
this typical riverine morphology.
�C�
N \PRANTE ENERGY�LKC NPDES\R REPORTS\R REPORTS O42017 DOCX 2-5

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
The Dan River is approximately 165 feet wide at the location of the proposed intake.
Bathymetry surveys conducted in February 2017 at the proposed intake location indicated that
the water depth was on average 7 feet (Figure 2).
The proposed outfall is located 0.1 mile downstream of the confluence of Massy Creek and
the Dan River and 3.2 miles upstream of confluence of Rock House Creek and the Dan River.
The proposed outfall is approximately 40 ft northeast of the Settle Bridge Road bridge on
State Route 2145 and approximately 22.5 miles upstream of the Virginia state border.
Bathymetry surveys conducted at the location of the proposed outfall in February 2017
indicated that at the time of survey, the water depth was on average 4 feet (Figure 3). Under
7Q10 flow conditions, the average water depth is 2.3 ft and the maximum water depth is 3.0
ft. The river is approximately 130 feet wide -at the proposed outfall location.
The Dan River segment in Rockingham County, NC is not actively dredged to maintain depth.
The proposed construction of both the intake and outfall structures will not require dredging.
2.2.3 Determination of Area of Influence
The area of influence (AOI) of a CWIS appears in three of the 40 CFR 122.21(r) sections of
the Section 316(b) final rules for existing facilities:
40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(2), Source Water Physical Data, "(ii). Identification and
characterization of the source waterbody's hydrological and
geomorphological features, as well as the methods you used to conduct any
physical studies to determine your intake's area of influence within the
waterbody and the results of such studies;"
40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(4), Source Water Baseline Biological Characterization
Data, states, "If you supplement... this section with data collected using field
studies ... The study area should include, at a minimum, the area of influence
of the cooling water intake structure."
40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(1 1), Benefits Valuation Study (in the final existing facilities
rule), states, "The study would also include discussion of recent mitigation
efforts already completed and how these have affected fish abundance and
A��
N\PRANTEENERGY\LKCNPDES\RREPORTS\RREPORTS O42017DOCX 2-6

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
ecosystem viability in the intake structure's area of influence."
The Section 316(b) Phase I rule for new facilities states:
"The area of influence is the portion of water subject to the forces of the intake
structure such that a particle within the area is likely to be pulled into the
intake structure."
While this definition does not provide a clear means of estimating the AOI (e g., threshold
velocity), it is common understanding that the AOI is that area of the source water body
directly affected by the CWIS. Relative to impingeable organisms, generally juvenile and
adult fish and shellfish, the concept is somewhat more concrete It could be assumed that it is
the point at which the organism is no longer capable of overcoming the forces of water
withdrawal and impinges upon an intake screen (Electric Power Research Institute [EPRI],
2007). This would be highly dependent on the swimming capabilities of the species and its
life stage, size, and general health conditions, a point noted by EPRI in previous research on
the relationship between intake approach velocity and the occurrence of impingement (EPRI,
2000).
EPA considers a 0 5-foot-per-second (fps) through -screen velocity to be a de minimis value
for the probability of impingement, which means a fish can swim freely in a flow at this
velocity and avoid impingement (in fact, the studies showed a 1.0-fps threshold was
protective, but it was halved as a safety factor). This is the basis for the 0.5 fps design criteria
in the Phase I rule, and is a compliance option for impingement mortality BTA in the 316(b)
final rule for existing facilities. For the latter, EPA indicates there is no need for any type of
impingement protection, including impingement mortality studies, if the maximum design or
actual maximum through -screen velocity of the CWIS is 0.5 fps or less (40 CFR 125 94[c][2]
and [3]). Under these conditions, it is considered the facility has met the performance
standards for impingement mortality. Therefore, the 0.5-fps contour for velocities induced by
the CWIS delineates the CWIS's AOI for impingement.
Two 30" diameter screens, with a blank flange for a third screen, in the proposed design of
the intake structure will have a maximum design through -screen velocity of less than 0.5 fps;
thus, the AOI for impingement at the intake, as defined by a threshold -induced velocity of
0.5 fps, is not exceeded in the waterbody.
A �C,
N \PRANTE ENERGY\LKC NPDES\R REPORTS\R REPORTS O42017 DOCX 2-7 ,

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
A quantitative estimate of the area in which a "particle is likely to be drawn into the intake" is
more difficult. Given the intake capacity is a small fraction of the mean annual discharge of
the Dan River (i.e. 0.63%), most of the river's flow in the mainstem can be reasonably
assumed to be "unlikely" to be drawn into the intake.
2.3 Locational Maps [40 CFR 122.21(r)(iii)]
Figures 1, 2, and 3 present overall site plans identifying proposed MIS and outfall locations
and configurations.
p 0�
N \PRANTE ENERGI\LKC NPDES\R REPORTS\R REPORTS O42017 DOCX 2-O 1

Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
3.0 Cooling Water Intake Structure Data
[40 CFR 122.21(r)(3)]
This section includes information on the CWIS that is used to determine the potential for
impingement and entrainment at the facility, including a description of the structures and
their location in the water body, as well as daily and seasonal operations and intake flows
The following text from the preamble of the final existing facilities rule (79 FR 48363)
provides context for this information requirement.
"This requirement is unchanged from the Phase I rule and the 2004 Phase II
rule. This data is used to characterize the cooling water intake structure and
evaluate the potential for impingement and entrainment of aquatic organisms.
Information on the design of the intake structure and its location in the water
column allows evaluation of which species and life stages might be subject to
impingement and entrainment. A diagram of the facility's water balance is used
to identify the proportion of intake water used for cooling, make-up, and
process water, as well as any cooling water supplied by alternate sources, such
as reuse of another facility's effluent. The water balance diagram also provides
a picture of the total flow in and out of the facility, and is used to evaluate gray
water, wastewater, and other reuses in the facility. The applicant is required to
submit a narrative description of the configuration of each of cooling water
intake structure and where it is in the waterbody and in the water column;
latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds for each cooling water
intake structure; a narrative description of the operation of each of cooling
water intake structure, including design intake flows, daily hours of operation,
number of days of the year in operation and seasonal changes, if applicable; a
flow distribution and water balance diagram that includes all sources of water
to the facility, recirculating flows, and discharges; and engineering drawings of
the cooling water intake structure."
3.1 Narrative Description of CWIS [40 CFR
122.21(r)(3)(i)1
The Rockingham County Project's proposed cooling system is designed as a closed -cycle
recirculating cooling system, where the cooling water is recycled and reused in the steam
turbine condensers. The Project will employ one combustion turbine with supplementary
� i
N \PRANTE ENERGY\LKC NPDES\R REPORTSIR REPORTS O42017 DOCX 3-1 1

Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
duct firing. The exhaust heat from the combustion turbine and the supplemental duct firing
will be captured and converted to steam in a HRSG before passing through a steam turbine
to generate additional power. The majority of the design intake water will be used for
cooling. The operation of the Project will require an average daily withdrawal of
approximately 2.766 MGD of water with a maximum daily withdrawal of approximately
4.194 MGD. The Project will have a single river CWIS to serve the generating units,
located on the Dan River near Planters Road east of Madison, North Carolina (Figure 1).
The Project intake will be located at approximately, N 36.390197, W-79.888086. The
proposed intake is located on a 3.45-acre tract currently owned by Rockingham County,
located along Planters Road, north of NC Highway 704 (Figure 2).
Rockingham County is proposing to construct the intake structure on the bank of the Dan
River. The Dan River in the area of the intake is a large, slow -flowing river, approximately
165 feet wide with an average depth of approximately 7 feet. The substrate is variable
consisting of mainly of sand and gravel with cobble, boulder, bedrock, silt and clay. The
concrete structure will be rectangular in plan view with the long dimension parallel to the
flow direction. Plan view dimensions of the structure will be approximately 40 feet long by
15 feet wide. The structure will straddle the normal water elevation, with a portion of the
structure protruding into the stream flow.
On the river side of the structure will be concrete deflector walls, angled approximately 45
degrees in the downstream direction to prevent accumulation of large debris. The elevation of
the structure is designed to allow the desired flow to enter the structure at the lowest expected
water elevation, and the depth of the structure is determined by the required submergence
over the intake screens. When water passes through the screens it will enter a pipe that goes
through the wall, joins together in a manifold, and leads to the pump station structure (Figure
3).
The CWIS will have two wedgewire intake screens, with a blank flange for a third screen.
The screens will be stainless steel with a metallic coating system to prevent vegetative growth
on the screens. The screens are designed for a maximum through -screen velocity of 0.5 fps at
� r
N \PRI\NTE ENERGY\LKC NPDES\R REPORTS\R REPORTS O42017 DOCX 3-2

N \PRANPE Energy\L.KC NPDESUt reportsTiguresTigure 5 xlsx\2-3/31/2017
Dimensions
Depth 30 in
Length 44 in
Flow Demand
4.5 MGD (6 97 fps) Max Design
2 76 MGD (4.28 fps) Avg Daily
Screen Surface Area
4146.90 in
28 80 ft2
Screen Open Area
16.74 ft2
Average Slot Velocity
0.42 fps Max Design Flow
0.26 fps Avg Daily Flow
Maximum Slot Velocity (15% blockage)
0.48 fps Max Design Flow
0.30 fps Avg Daily Flow
2
FIGURE 4.
PROPOSED COOLING WATER INTAKE SCREEN DESIGN
Source LKC, 2017
0 MD,
- Environmental Consulting
& Technology of
G , North Carolina, PLLC

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
the peak flow rate with 15% allowance for blockage. This maximum velocity will be
accomplished through the screen design using the specifications illustrated in Figure 5. The
screens will be 30 inches in diameter and will employ a 0.125-inch slot size. Using 0.09-inch
wire, each screen will have an open area of 58.14% or 16.74 ftz. For design calculations, a
maximum withdrawal rate of 4.5 MGD was used. As designed, the maximum through -screen
velocity will be 0.42 fps. The maximum through -screen velocity accounting for 15%
blockage due to potential biofouling and/or debris will be 0.48 fps as evidenced in the
calculations presented below. As designed, the average daily through -screen velocity will be
0.26 fps. The through -screen velocity at average flows accounting for 15% blockage will be
0.30 fps and is evidenced by the calculations below. An air burst system will be used to
ensure that the screen open area can be maintained below 15% blockage by periodically
dislodging accumulated silt and debris.
Calculation of Through -Screen Velocity
Screen Dimensions
Diameter = 30 inches
Length = 44 inches
Wire Size = 0.09 inches
Slot Size = 0.125 inches
% Open Area = 58.14%
Flow Demand
Maximum Flow Design Demand = 4.5 MGD
4.5 MGD to ft3/s = 6.97 ft3/s
Daily Average Flow Demand = 2.76 MGD
2.76 MGD to ft3/s = 4.28 ft3/s
Screen Surface Area
7c x D x Screen Length = 7c x (30") x (44") = 4146.90 in
in to ft2 = 28.80 ft2
Screen Open Area
Screen surface area x % open area = (28.80 ft2) x (58.14%) =16.74 ft2
� s
N \PR>\NTE ENERWLKC NPDES\R REPORTS\R REPORTS O42017 DOCX 3-4

FIGURE 5.
PRELIMINARY WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM

Description
Stream
No
Winter Ptred
Averge An nua I
Summer
Pired
Instant.,
Ambient Condition ('DB / WS)
25/23
59 /53
92,176
20.,
Duct Burner ,/ Evap cooler
on / off
on / off
on,
on
0
gprn
mgd
9prn
mgd
9pm
mgd
9p
Raw Water at Battery Limit to Clarifier
1
1,432.1
2.063
1,920.5
2 766
2,4014
8.461
21912
Clarifier -Solids 4sposa I retained water
2
14
0.(>02
1-9
0.003
7.4
0.003
2
Water to Raw Water/Firewater Talc
3
21,8
0,032
52-6
0,076
84,1
0-121
95,
Fire Water 5t5tern
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Service Water System
5
21.8
0,031
526
0.076
84.1
0.121
95,
CT make-up
6
1,409,1
2,029
1,866.0
2.687
2,317,0
3.316
2,814,
CT Drift loss
7
06
0001
0.6
0001
0.6
0.001
0
CT Evap ration loss
8
1r245 0
1.793
1,650.0
2376
2r050.0
2-952
2,170
CT Blowdqwn
9
206.9
0 298
274.4
0395
3410
0.491
772
Not used
10
Quench water to H RSG Blowdown
Plant Wash Down
11
12
16.8
5.0
0,024
0,007
16.9
5.0
0,024
O.W7
16.9
5.0
1024
0.007
16,
5,
Contaminated Drains to OWS
n
5,0
0.007
5.0
0007
5,0
OM7
S
Make-up to CTG Evap Cooler
14
-
-
80.7
0044
622
(1-090
74
CTG inlet evaporative cooler evaporation
15
15.4
010212
31.1
0.045
37
CTG inlet evaparatvie cooler blow down
16
-
-
15.4
0,022
31,1
0.045
37
Potable waterat Batted Limit/back-flow
Potable water/Sanitary
eventer
17
18
45,3
2,0-
0.06-5
0.003
45.5
2.0
()5
0.055
0.003
455
2,0
M65
0.003
44.
2.
Water to RO/Mixed Bed units
19
43.3
0,062
43-5
0,061
43,5
0.063
42,
Recovered outer from PLO/Mixed 8,ed unit
20
87
0012
8-7
0013
8.7
0.011
9
DM Water to StoraV tank
21
346
0,050
34.8
0050
348
0-050
34
Make-up to Steam cycle
22
34.6
0050
34-8
0,050
34.8
0.050
34
misc losses
23
510
0,007
5,0
0,007
510
0.007
5
Steam samPlin losses
Steam cycle Blowdown
24
25
6,0
216
0.009
0.034
6.0
218
0,009
0,034
a 6.0
23,8
0.009
0.034
6
23
Stea m vent losses
26
57
0.1)u
5.71
0,008
5.7
0.008
S
Water from flash tank
27
34.7
0050
34-9
0050
349
0.050
33
Sanitary waste to an site leach field
28
2�0
0.003
2.0
01003
2.0
0.003
7
[Waste Water to off site lift station
29
217,91
0,314
285.4
0,411
L 352.9
... ... . 9.507]
733
FIGURE 6
PRELIMINARY WATER BALANCE - WATER USE SCENARIOS

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Average Slot Velocity
Max Flow Design Demand/screen open area = (6.97 ft3/s)/ (16 74 ftz) = 0.42 fps
Avg Daily Demand/screen open area = (4.28 ft3/s)/ (16.74 ftz) = 0.26 fps
Maximum Slot Velocity (Assume 15% blockage)
Average Max Design Slot Velocity x 15% = 0.42 fps x (1.15) = 0 48 fps
Daily Average Slot Velocity x 15% = 0.26 fps x (1.15) = 0 30 fps
The two screens described above will include sufficient total open area to pass the 4.5 MGD
flowrate with a through -screen velocity below the 316(b) Phase I rule's 0.5 fps velocity limit
while allowing for 15% blockage.
Rockingham County will implement multiple safeguards to minimize the likelihood of
impingement and entrainment due to its CWIS. The measures are consistent with the intake
guidance developed by the EPA's Phase I rule requirements (see Table 1). The following is a
summary of the measures adopted in the design and placement of the cooling water intake
structure to minimize potential effects of impingement and entrainment
The proposed facility will use closed -cycle recirculating cooling consistent
with Track I of the 316(b) rule Such a system reduces intake flow by more
than 95 percent relative to a similar once -through -cooled facility. Given that
rates of both impingement and entrainment are generally assumed to be
proportional to the rate of water use, both will be reduced by a
commensurate amount.
The system will use submerged wedgewire screens to passively exclude debris
and aquatic organisms. Such systems have been demonstrated to minimize
impingement and entrainment without excessive handling that may occur with
more traditional traveling water screens. The intake will employ wedgewire
screens that have been shown to reduce impingement and entrainment even in
organisms smaller than the slot size by inducing an avoidance response in the
organism (Coutant, 2015; Zeitoun et al, 1981).
The system will be designed to have a maximum through -slot velocity of 0.48
fps even when partially clogged by debris (allowance for 15% blockage). This is
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
well below the commonly assumed escape speed that allows fish to avoid
impingement and should essentially eliminate impingement of juvenile and adult
fish.
The slot size will be 0 125 inches (3.175 mm).
The intake has been located on the bank of the river to minimize impacts to the bed of the river
and associated habitats, migratory species and those that use the main stem of the river, and
recreational activities in the river
3.2 Latitude and Longitude of CWIS [40 CFR
122.21(r)(3)(ii)]
The coordinates for the intake are -
Latitude. 36.390197
Longitude:-79.888086
3.3 Description of CWIS Operation [40 CFR
122.21(r)(3)(iii)]
The Project and its cooling water system are intended for a year-round, 24-hours-per-day
operation, with the exception of down time due to outages. When the facility is producing
electricity, the intake structure will generally be fully operational. The cooling water demand
will change based on level of generation and weather conditions. Some amount of cooling
water storage is present in the cooling tower basins (e.g., sufficient for a small number of
hours of operation), and pumps will be dispatched based on the need to replenish cooling
tower water levels. The Project's nominal output is 488 megawatts
3.4 Intake Flow [40 CFR 122.21(r)(3)&)]
Figures 6 and 7 present water balance diagrams for the proposed operation assuming seven
cycles of concentration. Figure 6 presents the water balance diagram, while Figure 7 presents
balance flows through the system for four conditions. The instantaneous peak can be
considered the maximum demand condition. The Project's proposed maximum withdrawal is
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
4.194 MGD (6.49 cfs). Both HRSG blowdown and reject from the first pass of the reverse
osmosis system will be recycled as additional cooling tower makeup The proposed maximum
consumptive use is approximately 3.134 MGD and will result in a return of 1.06 MGD.
Cooling tower makeup water will be the dominant water use at the facility, averaging 2.687
MGD, while maximum cooling tower makeup water rates will be 4.052 MGD. Smaller
streams include RO/demineralization (0.061 MGD to 0.063 MGD) and plant service water
needs (0.076 MGD average; 0.137 MGD max).
Also included in the water balance diagrams is the proposed usage of potable water from
Rockingham County (averaging 0.065 MGD).
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Rockingham
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section .316(b) Compliance
3.5 Engineering Drawings of CWIS [40 CFR
122.21(r)(3)(v)1
Figures 2 and 4 present the engineering drawings of the CWIS.
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
4.0 Source Water Baseline Biological
Characterization Data [40 CFR
122.21(r)(4)]
This section addresses each of the elements of 40 CFR 122.21(r)(4). The following
subsections are numbered and titled consistent with the sections of 40 CFR 122 21(r)(4).
Please note that the discussion of threatened and endangered (T&E) species as required by 40
CFR 122.21(r)(6) has been included and modified to also address the requirements to list
both state and federally listed species and designated critical habitat per 40 CFR 125 95(f).
4.1 List of Unavailablek-BioCogical Data [40 CFR
)l - 122.21(r)(4)(i
The Dan River in the vicinity of the proposed intake is well studied and therefore data
needed to prepare the elements of the requirements of 40 CFR 122.21(r)(4) were
available in the literature
4.2 List of Species and Relative Abundance in the
Vicinity of MIS F40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)1
A number of studies were reviewed when compiling the list of species and relative abundance
in the vicinity of the CWIS•
Rhode et al studies — Longitudinal Study and Annotated List of Fishes from the
Dan River
North Carolina Water Resources Commission (NCWRC) data
Duke Energy data
Based on these studies, 75 species in 10 families are known to occur in the Dan River near the
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
intake. Data from the Rhode studies and Duke Energy were used to estimate the relative
abundance of the species (Table 4). The most commonly collected species were redbreast
sunfish, golden redhorse, white shiner, and satinfin shiner.
4.2.1 Rhode et at. Studies
Rhode et al. published a paper on the Longitudinal Succession of Fishes in the Dan River in
2001 and an updated Annotated List of the Fishes Known from the Dan River in 2003. These
papers use available fish collection data from the Dan River segmented by physiographic
province to list species and relative abundance in each area. The CWIS is located in the Fault
Basin and Table 4 lists species and relative abundance for this area. Included in this list are
58 species from 138 sampling events. Sampling events consisted of collections made with
seines, backpack electroshockers, and /or boat electroshockers.
4.2.2 NC Wildlife Resources Commission
NCWRC provided data collected in the Dan River in Rockingham County from November
1984 to June 2016. Surveys were conducted for a variety of reasons and consisted of
electrofishing with backpack or boat and/or seine samples. These studies were typically used
to determine presence/absence for species and are not standardized for collection efforts.
Table 4 includes the species collected in the Dan River in Rockingham County by NCWRC
4.2.3 Duke Energy
Recent data from a study conducted by Duke Energy were also provided by NCWRC. These
data were collected from three sampling locations in the Dan River near Eden, NC
(approximately 14 to 20 miles downstream from the CWIS). Four sampling events were
conducted during 2016. The majority of the sampling was conducted by boat electrofishing
with some net sampling also. Table 4 also includes results from these sampling efforts. These
comparisons indicate that the earlier studies remain representative of current conditions in the
river, noting that a few dominants move slightly in overall ranking. The presence of several
additional sub -dominants in the 2016 Duke Energy data may be attributable to the addition of
sampling using nets, while the inclusion of rarer species in the Rhode et al. studies may be
attributable to the larger sampling effort.
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Rockingham C
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 4. Summary of Dan River Fish Survey Results with Relative Abundance
Scientific Name
Common Name
Duke
Energy
Rhode et al.
Studies
wildlife
Resources
Commission
Lepomas auratus
Redbreast sunfish
1945
2357
X
Moxostoma erythrurum
Golden redhorse
1845
1051
X
Luxalus albeolus
White shiner
1775
6.93
X
Cypranella analostana
Satinfin shiner
3 12
17.16
X
Nocomas raneya
Bull chub
3.40
5.82
X
Notropas amoenus
Comely shiner
759
1 34
X
Lepomas macrocharus
Bluegill
252
64
X
Lythrurus ardens
Blueside shiner
3 12
457
X
Moxostoma pappillosum
Slender redhorse
560
1.79
X
Notropas hudsonaus
Spottail shiner
258
2.76
X
Macropterus salmoades
Largemouth bass
264
256
X
Ameaurus brunneus
Snail bullhead
0.50
455
X
Notropas chahtacus
Redlip shiner
221
X
Nocomas leptocephalus
Bluehead chub
1.42
217
X
Lepomas macrolophus
Redear sunfish
1 32
0.97
X
lctalurus punctatus
Channel catfish
1 13
1
Moxostoma collapsum
Notchlip redhorse
082
085
Pomoxas nagromaculatus
Black crappie
0.94
0.62
X
Catostomus commersoma
White sucker
1 13
038
X
Ameaurus platycephalus
Flat bullhead
0.60
087
X
Hypentehum nagracans
Northern hog sucker
072
068
X
Luxalus cerasanus
Crescent shiner
067
X
Moxostoma cervanum
Blacktip jumprock
0.66
Lepomas cyanellus
Green sunfish
0.09
1.14
X
Cypranus carpao
Common carp
041
068
X
Macropterus dolomaeu
Smallmouth bass
082
012
X
Dorosoma cepedaanum
Gizzard shad
035
055
X
Etheostoma podostemone
Riverweed darter
044
X
Carplodes cypranus
Quillback
057
0.22
X
Notemagonus crysoleucas
Golden shiner
0 19
0.55
X
Noturus ansagnas
Margined madtom
0.44
026
X
Percana roanoka
Roanoke darter
0.03
056
X
Notropas procne
Swallowtail shiner
0.22
036
X
Lepomas gabbosus
Pumpkinseed
022
027
X
Amblophtes cavafrons
Roanoke bass
038
004
X
Cypranella lutrensas
Red shiner
019
0.09
X
Ameaurus nebulosus
Brown bullhead
009
016
X
Etheostoma flabellare
Fantail darter
0.12
X
Scartomyzon cervanus
Black jumprock
012
X
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 4. Summary of Dan River Fish Survey Results with Relative Abundance
Scientific Name
Common Name
Duke
Energy
Rhode et al.
Studies
Wildlife
Resources
Commission
Etheostoma olmsteda
Tessellated darter
0.09
Percana nevasense
Chamback darter
009
X
Pomoxis annularas
White crappie
003
014
X
Hypentehum roanokense
Roanoke hog sucker
0 13
004
X
Ameaurus catus
White catfish
003
0 13
X
Nocomas macropogon
River chub
006
X
Lepomas gulosus
Warmouth
006
006
Ambloplates rupestris
Rock bass
005
X
Scartomyzon araommus
Bigeyejumprock
003
0.06
Moxostoma macrolepadotum
Shorthead redhorse
0.03
004
X
Perca flavescens
Yellow perch
003
Percana crassa
Piedmont darter
003
Carassaus auratus
Goldfish
003
Ameaurus melas
Black bullhead
0.02
X
Ameaurus natahs
Yellow bullhead
002
X
Campostoma anomalum
Central stoneroller
002
X
Esox ameracanus
Redfin pickerel
002
X
Etheostoma nagrum
Johnny darter
002
Gambusaa holbrooka
Eastern mosquitofish
002
X
Phoxanus areas
Eurasian minnow
002
Salmo trutta
Brown trout
002
Etheostoma vatreum
Glassy darter
001
Lepasosteus osseus
Longnose gar
001
Semotalus atromaculatus
Creek chub
001
X
Ameaurus sp
Catfishes
X
Etheostoma sp
Darters
X
Ictalurus punctatus
Channel catfish
X
Ictalurus sp
Catfish
X
Lepomas sp
Sunfish
X
Macropterus sp
Sunfishes
X
Moxostoma anasurum
Silver redhorse
X
Moxostoma araommum
Bigeye jumprock
X
Moxostoma sp
Suckers
X
Nocomas sp
Chubs
X
Percma peltata
Shield darter
X
Percana rex
Roanoke logperch
X
Sources Duke Energy 2016
NCWRC, 2016
Rhode et al, 2003
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
4.3 Identification of Species and Life Stages
Susceptible to I and E 40 CFR
122.21(r)(4)(il
Table 5 outlines the potential for each of the twenty most common fish species found in the
Dan River to be present around the intake as well as the potential for impingement or
entrainment for each species. Table 6 includes habitat preferences and spawning information
and was used to compare habitat preferences for the common species in the Dan River with
the habitat near the intake. The Dan River in the area of the intake is a large, slow -flowing
river, approximately 165 feet wide with an average depth of 7 feet. The substrate is variable
consisting of mainly of sand and gravel with cobble, boulder, bedrock, silt and clay.
Impingement and entrainment at the facility will be greatly reduced by the design factors of
the facility and the MIS itself. The facility will operate as a closed -cycle system using
cooling towers to reduce the water supply needs of the facility. Such a system reduces intake
flow by more than 95 percent relative to a similar once -through -cooled facility. Given that
rates of both impingement and entrainment are generally assumed to be proportional to the
rate of water use, both will be reduced by a commensurate amount. In addition, the intake
flows are a very small proportion of the river's discharge. The low proportion of intake flow
relative to the river discharge also indicates that any entrainment losses from the system will
be extremely small relative to the extant population
The intake will employ wedgewire screens that have been shown to reduce impingement and
entrainment even in organisms smaller than the slot size by inducing an avoidance response
in the organism (Coutant, 2015; Zeitoun et al., 1981) The potential for impingement of any
of the species is greatly limited by the design through -screen velocity of the plant being less
than 0.5 fps which is the basis for the velocity threshold in the Phase I rule. In its final rule -
making for existing facilities, EPA adopted this intake velocity threshold as a pre -approved
technology per 40 CFR 125.94(c) (2) and (3). As noted previously, the use of wedgewire
screens in combination with the low intake velocity would also be expected to reduce the
rates of entrainment substantially.
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Coun
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 5. Potential for Impingement and Entrainment of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity of the Proposed
MIS
Potential for Potential for
Common Name Scientific Name Potential to Occur Near the Intake Entramment of Early Impingement
Early Life Stages Juveniles/Adults Life Stages of Adults and
Juveniles
SUCKERS
CATOSTOMIDAE
White sucker
Catostomus
commersonu
Notchlip
Moxostoma
redhorse
collapsum
Golden redhorse
Moxostoma
erythrurum
Slender redhorse
Moxostoma
pappillosum
CENTRARCMDAE
Redbreast
Lepomrs auraus
sunfish
Bluegill
Lepomrs
macrochirus
Redear sunfish
Lepomrs
microlophus
Largemouth bass
Micropterus
salmoides
Black crappie
Pomoxts
nigromaculatus
CYPRIMDAE
Satinfin shiner
Cyprinella
analostana
White shiner
Luxilus albeolus
Blueside shiner
Lythrurus ardens
Unlikely, spawns in swift water Likely
Slight potential, spawns in runs Likely
and riffles
Slight potential, spawns in runs Likely
and riffles
Unlikely, migrates upstream to Likely
spawn
Some potential Likely
Some potential
Some potential
Some potential
Likely
Some potential
Some potential, little is known
about spawning habits
Unlikely, spawns in faster
currents
Unlikely, eggs are
adhesive, spawns in
swift water
Slight potential
Slight potential
Unlikely
Slight potential
Likely Slight potential
Likely Unlikely, male guards
nest and hatchlmgs
Likely Unlikely, male guards
nest and hatchlmgs
Likely Unlikely, male guards
nest and hatchlmgs
Some potential
Likely
Likely
Unlikely, eggs are
adhesive
Slight potential
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 5. Potential for Impingement and Entrainment of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity of the Proposed
CWIS
Common Name
Scientific Name
Potential to Occur Near the Intake
Early Life Stages Juveniles/Adults
Potential for
Entrainment of Early
Life Stages
Potential for
Impingement
of Adults and
Juveniles
Bluehead chub
Nocomts
Some potential
Some potential
Slight potential
Unlikely
leptocephalus
Bull chub
Nocomts raneyt
Some potential
Some potential
Slight potential
Unlikely
Comely shiner
Notropts amoenus
Some potential
Likely
Slight potential
Unlikely
Redlip shiner
Notropts chiliticus
Some potential
Likely
Slight potential
Unlikely
Spottail shiner
Notropts hudsonius
Unlikely, migrates upstream to
Likely
Unlikely
Unlikely
spawn near mouths of creeks
ICTALURIDAE
Snail bullhead
Ameturus brunneus
Some potential, little is known
Likely
Slight potential
Unlikely
about spawning habits
Flat bullhead
Ameturus
Some potential, likely similar to
Likely
Unlikely
Unlikely
platycephalus
other bullheads, one or both
parents guard the nest and
hatchlings
Channel catfish
lctalurus punctatus
Some potential
Likely
Unlikely, male guards
Unlikely
nest and hatchlings
Sources NatureServe 2017
ECT 2017
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 6. Seasonal and Daily Activities of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
Common Name Scientific Name Seasonal Activities/Spawning/Migration
SUCKERS
White sucker
Notchlip
redhorse
Golden redhorse
CATOSTOMIDAE
Catostomus
Spawn in spring in swift water or rapids, often in
commersonn
small, clear, cool creeks and small to medium
rivers Sometimes spawn on lake shoals, beaches or
river mouths with wave action Eggs sink and
usually stick to and become lodged in gravel Can
migrate dozens of kilometers between non -
spawning and spawning habitat
Moxostoma
Spawns in groups in spring in runs and riffles with
collapsum
gravel and small cobble substrates
Moxostoma Spawns in the spring in runs and riffles of small to
erythrurum large rivers but may also travel to small tributaries
Males congregate and defend territories before and
during spawning
Slender redhorse Moxostoma
pappillosum
SUNFISHES CENTRARCHIDAE
Redbreast Lepomis auritus
sunfish
Probably spawns late spring and early summer
Migrates upstream to spawn
Spawns throughout warmer months in nest made
by male in shallow water on bottom Often nests in
colonies Male guard eggs and hatchlings
Daily Activities/Migration/Habitat
Occur in a wide variety of lake and stream habitats
Formerly included with M umsut urn Typically
found in rivers and larger streams, but also in
medium sized streams and impoundments, usually
over silt, sand, gravel, or rock substrates
Found in creeks and small to large rivers with
various substrates, usually in pools often with sand
and silt
Found in rocky runs and silty to firm -bottomed pools
of small rivers, occasionally in impoundments
Occur in deeper waters of warm quiet ponds, lakes,
backwaters of small to medium rivers, reservoirs, and
swamps Usually in clear water with abundant
vegetation, stumps, logs, or other cover, with mud or
sand substrate Occasionally in brackish water
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 6. Seasonal and Daily Activities of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
Common Name Scientific Name Seasonal Activities/Spawning/Migration
Daily Activities/Migration/Habitat
Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus Spawning occurs over an extended period in spring
Occur in warm shallow lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and
and summer Often spawn in colonies that may
slow -flowing rivers and streams Often associated
include dozens of crowded craterlike nests that are
with rooted aquatic plants and silt, sand or gravel
guarded by males Nest built in shallow water on
substrate Rarely go deeper than 16 feet Large adults
gravel, sand or mud substrate.
seek more open water than smaller and feed through
water column
Redear sunfish Lepomzs mzcrolophus
Largemouth bass Micropterus
salmoides
Black crappie
CARPS AND
MINNIOWS
Satmfin shiner
POmoxIS
nigromaculatus
�CYPRINIDAE
Cyprinella w
analostana
Spawning generally occurs from late spring to
early summer Shallow nests usually located in
water less than 2 meters deep often occur in dense
groups. Males guard the eggs and hatchlings
Spawn in shallow cleared depressions (nests) made
by males in sand, gravel, or debris -littered bottoms,
often at depths of 1 to 2 meters but up to 7 meters.
Spawn mainly in spring or early summer after
water temperatures have become warm enough
Males guard eggs and hatchlings until young
disperse after a month Have small summer range
or may wander wildly Young have strong
schooling tendency Generally, in deeper water in
winter than in summer
Spawning occurs in spring and summer Nests
constructed in shallow water usually less than 1 in
deep, sometimes in proximity to each other Males
guard eggs and hatchlings
Spawn in late spring and summer Males guard nest
territory. Eggs attached to branches, stumps, logs,
cracks in rocks, in crevices under loose submerged
bark, between exposed tree roots, or under flat
rocks
Found in a variety of habitats in ponds, lakes,
reservoirs, swamps, streams, and small rivers, often
in or near vegetation and over a mud or sand bottom.
Inhabit warm, quiet waters with low turbidity, soft
bottoms, and beds of aquatic plants Typical habitats
include farm ponds, swamps, lakes, reservoirs,
sloughs, creek pools, and river coves and backwaters
Active throughout most of daylight hours and usually
relatively inactive at night and in winter, feeding
most intense near dawn and dusk to warmer months
Usually found in vegetated areas of backwaters in
streams and rivers, ponds, and reservoirs Usually
associated with large beds of aquatic plants and
sandy to mucky bottoms Travels in schools.
Habitat includes rocky and sandy runs of creeks and
small to medium rivers, usually near riffles
Occasionally found in headwater and tidal portions
of some large rivers
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 6. Seasonal and Daily Activities of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
Common Name Scientific Name Seasonal Activities/Spawning/Migration
White shiner
Blueside shiner
Bluehead chub
Bull chub
Luxalus albeolus
Lythrurus ardens
Nocomas
leptocephalus
Nocomas raneya
Comely shiner Notropas amoenus
Redlip shiner Notropas chalatacus
Spottail shiner Notropas hudsonaus
,BULLHEAD ICTALURIDAE
CATFISHES
Snail bullhead Ameaurus brunneus
Little is known about reproduction of this species it
is probably similar to L cornutus, which spawns
over gravel beds
Spawning occurs from late April to mid or late
June in faster currents of riffles or pools. Uses
nests of chubs or fallfish. Found in deeper pools in
winter
Spawn on gravel mound nests made by males from
April to early July
Male constructs mound nests with gravel and stone
in May to June.
Spawns throughout summer, especially in June
Spawning has been observed in late May at water
temperatures of 11-17 °C Spawns on nests of
bluehead chub (large gravel mound with one or
more pits)
Spawns in spring or early summer May migrate up
tributary streams to spawn Spawns in aggregations
over areas of gravelly riffles near mouths of brooks
or along sandy shoals of lakeshores
Daily Activities/Migration/Habitat
Found in clear to moderately turbid creeks to
medium rivers with riffles and flowing pools and
rubble or rubble and gravel substrates
Found in pools, backwaters and runs of warm water
large creeks and rivers Generally found in mid to
higher depths over soft and hard bottoms.
Inhabit swift current and pools with highly varied
substrate
Found in swift water and pools of small to medium
rivers and creeks with gravelly to rocky sections
Streams where this species is found are typically
moderate gradient, warm water, and clear
Schooling midwater fish found in various habitats,
usually in runs and flowing pools of creeks and
medium to large rivers
Found in flowing pools of clear headwater creeks,
and small rivers in the Piedmont and mountains
Prefers areas with sand and gravel to rubble
Occurs in large sluggish coastal rivers and brackish
water to small clear rapidly flowing montane
streams
Little is known about reproduction of this species Found in rocky riffles, shoals, runs, and pools in
data suggest that spawning occurs in late winter streams and rivers
through summer.
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Rockingham
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 6. Seasonal and Daily Activities of Fish Species Located within the Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
Common Name Scientific Name Seasonal Activities/Spawning/Migration
Daily Activities/Migration/Habitat
Flat bullhead Ameiurus Spawns in June to July Likely similar to other Adults found in slow moving waters of small to large
platycephalus bullheads the one or both parents guard the nest rivers with muddy bottoms and detritus. Younger
and hatchlings individuals tend to be found in smaller and clearer
streams Also occurs in lakes, ponds, and
impoundments
Channel catfish lctalurus punctatus
Sources NatureServe 2017
Spawns in later spring and summer in cavelike
sites Young -of -year live full time in riffles Males
guard and fan water over nest during incubation
and stay with young after hatching
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Occur in main channels of small to large rivers, from
clear, rapidly flowing firm -bottoms streams to turbid,
mud- bottomed streams Avoids upland stream
Adults found in pools or under logjams during day
and move to riffles at night Nocturnal Most active
at night when water levels are rising

Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
While the data from ambient sampling represent a reasonable survey of types of fish that would
be potentially subject to impingement and entrainment at the CWIS, it is expected that actual
impingement and entrainment rates at the facility will be very low due to the design of the intake.
4.4 Identification and Evaluation of Primary
Growth Period F40 CFR (r)(4)(iyfl
The primary growth period for most species follows spawning and subsequent hatching.
Shortly after hatching, larvae are at their greatest abundance and have rapid growth rates The
majority of the species found in the Dan River spawn in the spring and summer and therefore
have their primary growth period in the summer and early fall when the water is relatively
warm and food is abundant. Table 6 summarizes the seasonal activities and spawning periods
for each species of common fish found in the Dan River expected to be within the vicinity of
the CWIS.
4.4.1 Reproduction
The majority of species found in the Dan River spawn in the spring and summer months,
with a few species beginning spawning in late winter and one species beginning spawning in
the fall. Table 6 includes spawning habits for the fish species identified as common in the
Dan River.
4.4.2 Larval Recruitment and Period of Peak Abundance
The larval recruitment period follows spawning by a few days to a week or more, depending
on incubation times for each species and ambient water temperature. The period of peak
abundance generally occurs around the time of hatching as the new larval recruits greatly add
to the abundance of each species. The spawning period for most species common in this area
is in the spring and summer months, leading to peak abundance in eggs around this time and
larvae shortly after. The exception to this is redfin pickerel, snail bullhead and yellow perch,
which may also spawn in late winter; and brown trout which spawns in fall or early winter.
Peak abundance of juvenile fish will lag the spawn by a few months. Multiple -spawning fish
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
show additional peaks through the summer and fall in relation to their multiple spawning
times.
4.5 Data Representative of Seasonal and Daily
Activities of Organisms in the Vicinity of CWIS
[40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(v)]
Table 6 summarizes the data representative of seasonal and daily activities for the
dominant species observed in the Dan River. Seasonal activities consist of many species
migrating upstream to tributaries in the spring and summer for spawning. Daily activities
include movements for feeding and protection. Many species either move up and down in
the water column or into deeper or shallower waters in response to light, food availability,
or temperature.
4.6 Identification of Threatened. Endangered, and
Other Protected Species Susceptible to I and E
at CWIS F40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(ivf]
The 316(b) rule modified the existing requirements of 40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(vi) by
replacing the former requirement to list state- and federally listed protected species with
those listed by the federal government (40 CFR 125.95[f]) Given the likely interest in
state -listed species, this section will address both state- and federally listed species.
Federally listed T&E species and critical habitat are protected by the Endangered Species
Act of 1973 (ESA) and subsequent amendments. The ESA is administered by two federal
agencies, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and NOAA Fisheries. NOAA
Fisheries oversees marine species, and USFWS has responsibility over freshwater fish
and all other terrestrial and aquatic species. Federally listed threatened and endangered
species are protected by the ESA; special concern species indicate a species that is in
danger of becoming threatened but is not officially protected by the ESA. USFWS
recommends use of their Information Planning and Conservation (IPaC) tool for
determining which species may be affected by a project.
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
State listed wildlife species are protected by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) and North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP), under
the State Endangered Species Act (Chapter 113 331 through 337, Article 25, North
Carolina General Statutes [G.S.]). State listed plant species are protected by the North
Carolina Department of Agriculture Plant Conservation Program and NCNHP under the
Plant Protection and Conservation Act of 1979 (G.S. 19B 106 202) State -listed
endangered, threatened, and special concern species are protected by state law;
significantly rare designations indicate a species that is rare and in need of monitoring.
NCNHP database provides lists of rare plant and animal species by USGS quadrangle.
Information regarding the potential presence of federally listed species or critical habitat
was obtained from online databases including USFWS's IPaC website, NOAA Fisheries
website, and NCNHP. Table 7 includes state and federally listed species with the potential
to be found in the vicinity of the proposed CWIS, as well as habitat preferences for each
listed species. There is no designated critical habitat near the Project intake. Table 8
includes range and reproductive habits for listed aquatic species. Note that while the table
includes special concern and rare species, only federally listed threatened or endangered
species are protected by the ESA and only state listed threatened, endangered, or special
concern species are protected by the state law.
Cutlip minnow and James spineymussel were not collected in the Dan River in any of the
available studies. Roanoke bass, quillback, riverweed darter, bigeye!umprock, and
Roanoke logperch are known to occur in the Dan River. The 0.5 fps intake velocity makes
it unlikely that any species would be impacted by impingement Roanoke bass, riverweed
darter, and Roanoke logperch have adhesive eggs and cutlip minnow eggs are buried in
nest mounds. Quillback migrate upstream to spawn Therefore, it is unlikely that eggs of
these species would be entrained Little is known about the spawning habits of bigeye
jumprock. Habitat preferences and spawning habits combined with the design of the
intake make it unlikely that impacts to any listed species would occur as a result of the
intake.
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
It is highly unlikely that adult mussels would be impinged because they are typically only
found buried in the substrate. It is also unlikely that glochidia (mussel larvae) would be
impinged or entrained since they have a very short plankton phase typically attach to host
within a few days, and many are released in conglutinates (aggregates of glochidia). It is
unlikely that host fish with glochidia would be impinged because the plant was designed
to reduce impingement by employing a less than 0.5 fps approach velocity.
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Table 7. List of State and Federally Protected Species Potentially Occurring In the
Vicinity of the Proposed CWIS
Scientific
Common
State Federal Habitat Description
Status Status
FISH
Amblophtes cav fronsRoanoke Bass
SR FSC Occupies Valley and Ridge, Piedmont, and upper
Coastal Plain provinces Stocked in upper and lower
James and middle New drainages in Virginia and
North Carolina impoundments and streams, but
stocking did not establish extant populations
Typically occurs in rocky and sandy pools of creeks
and small to medium rivers
Carp►odes cyprinus
Quillback
SR Occurs in pools, backwaters, and main channels of
clear to turbid waters of creeks, small to large rivers,
and lakes
Etheostoma
Riverweed Darter
SC Found in rocky riffles of clear creeks and small rivers
podostemone
Frequently associated with riverweed (Podestemon)
Exoglossum
Cutlip Minnow
Sc Clear creeks, streams, and small to medium rivers with
maxillingua
gravel, rubble, and boulder substrates
Moxostoma
Bigeye Jumprock
T Found in warm, clear to moderately turbid, moderate
artommum
gradient, small to medium rivers Adults and larger
juveniles congregate in deep runs and heads of pools
Percina rex
Roanoke Logperch
E E Typically found in gravel and boulder runs of small to
medium rivers Usually in warm, clear, moderate or
low gradient streams Intolerant of silted substrates
FRESHWATER MUSSELS
Lasmigona
Green floater
T FSC Quiet waters Prefers small creeks and large rivers and
subviridis
sometimes canals Intolerant of strong currents and
occurs in pools and other calm water areas Prefer
gravel and sand substrate in water 1 to 4 ft deep
�eur 'colltna
James
E E Slow to moderate current waters with relatively hard
spineymussel
water on sand and mixed sand and gravel substrates
INSECTS
So atochlora
♦g org ianaa
Coppery
Emerald
SR A dragonfly found near creeks and other slow -moving
acidic streams, in forested areas
laevigata Smooth coneflower E Glades, woodlands, and open areas over mafic rocks
Goldenseal SR-0 Cove forests and other rich deciduous forests
!m reptans Jacob's Ladder T Moist, nutrient -rich forests such as bottomlands and
is rich slopes
tia Virginia Spiderwort T Rich woods on circumneutral so
Notes E = e angered T = threatened FSC = federal species of concern SC = special con ern SR = significantl
rare SR- — significantly rare other
(j
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Sources NCNHP, 2017 USFWS IPaC, 2017 NatureServe, 2017
Table 8. Protected Aquatic Species Range and Reproductive Habits
Scientific Common Range
Ambloplites Roanoke Bass Chowan, Roanoke, Tar, Neuse,
cavifrons and Cape Fear river drainages,
Virginia and North Carolina
Carptodes Quillback Wide range throughout the eastern
cyprinus US and Canada
Etheostoma Riverweed Darter Range includes the upper Roanoke
podostemone River drainage, including Roanoke
system proper and Dan River
system, Virginia and North
Carolina
Reproduction
Likely spawns from mid -April to early May
Spawning has been observed at 12-14 C No
parental care Males mature in two years Lives
about 5-6 years Eggs are adhesive and
demersal Spawning occurs in deep runs over
gravel and small cobble
Spawns in spring and summer May migrate up
small creeks to spawning areas over sand and
mud bottoms in quiet waters of streams or
overflow areas in bends of rivers or bays of
lakes
Spawning period probably April -May, also
reported as late May to early June Eggs are
adhesive and laid in clusters under rocks
Exoglossum Cuthp Minnow Range throughout northeaster US Spawns in spring and summer Males construct
maxtllingua and Canada, except most of New nests consisting of pebble mounds near cover
England in areas with current Spawning occurs over
upstream slopes and eggs become buried in
nest mound Young emerge from the nest about
a week after hatching
Moxostoma Bigeye Jumprock Upper Roanoke River drainage, Spawns in March
artommum Virginia and North Carolina
Known in Roanoke proper and Dan
systems
Percina rex Roanoke Logperch Range includes the upper Roanoke, Spawns mid -April to May No parental care
upper Dan, and upper Chowan river Eggs are adhesive and demersal Spawning
systems Recently found in North
occurs over gravel and small cobble
Carolina within a few miles of the
Virginia state line
Lasmigona Green floater Atlantic drainages from the Cape
Long term brooder (from August to June)
subvtridts Fear River of North Carolina north
There is recent evidence thatjuveniles of this
to the Hudson River system and
species can metamorphose without a host
westward to the St Lawrence
within the marsupia of the adult female Fish
River system in New York
hosts not known
Pleurobema James Currently known from small
Short term brooder that releases glochidia in
collina spineymussel headwater tributaries of Dan and
the summer Known fish hosts for this species
James Rivers in North Carolina,
include the rosyside dace, bluehead, mountain
Virginia, and West Virginia Also
redbelly dace, blacknose dace, central
known from the Dan River in
stoneroller, rosefin shiner, satinfin shiner, and
Stokes County
possibly the swallowtail shiner
Sources NatureServe 2017 John Alderman 2017 The Virtual Aquarium, 2017
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
4.7 Documentation of Consultation with Services
[40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(vii)]
Rockingham County conducted a pre -application meeting with the USACE, NCDWQ,
NCWRC, and USFWS as a part of the CWA §404/401 permitting process. USFWS and
NCWRC expressed concerns about Roanoke logperch and James spineymussel. USFWS has
requested freshwater mussel surveys prior to construction to determine if any of the listed
species are located near the intake or discharge. If mussel species are found in the footprint of
construction for the intake or discharge, they will be relocated prior to construction.
Rockingham County will coordinate with USFWC and NCWRC to minimize impacts to
listed species.
4.8 Methods and Quality Assurance Procedures for
Field Efforts F40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(v
No new data were collected to support the biological baseline characterization; therefore, there
is no need to document methods and quality assurance procedures in this subsection.
4.9 Definition of Source Water Baseline Bioloeical
Characterization Data [40 CFR
122.21(r)(4)(ix)1
This report acknowledges the final 316(b) rule for existing facilities, and adds three
additional subsections to the requirements of 40 CFR 122.21(r)(4). While this report has
provided data to address 40 CFR 122.2 1 (r)(4)(i) through (viii) and (x) through (xii), there is
no required submittal under this subsection 40 CFR 122 2 1 (r)(4)(ix).
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
4.10 Identification of Protective Measures and
Stabilization Activities 40 CFR
122.21 ,r)(4)(M,
The cooling water intake system was designed to reduce rates of impingent and entrainment at
the facility. The use of closed -cycle cooling reduces impingement and entrainment through a
substantial reduction (on the order of 95 percent) in cooling water needs (Table 1). In
addition, the intake has been designed to meet the guidelines established by the EPA in the
316(b) rule. The through -screen velocity of less than 0.5 fps is designed to allow mobile
organisms to avoid the intakes consistent with the 316(b) rule's allowed approaches to
impingement best technology available. Wedgewire screens have been shown to have very
little to no impingement at intake velocities of 0.5 fps due to the swimming ability of fish to
detect and swim away from these velocities (Coutant, 2015; EPRI 2000).
No other stabilization measures (e.g., stocking to mitigate impingement and entrainment) have
been implemented. Any such measures are unnecessary given the low level of effect the
intake is likely to have on the baseline biology of the Dan River.
4.11 List of Fragile Species [40 CFR
122,21(r)(4)(A)]
In the final 316(b) rule, EPA identifies 14 species as fragile or having post -impingement
survival rates of less than 30 percent:
• Alewife
• Gizzard shad
• American shad
• Grey snapper
• Atlantic herring
• Hickory shad
• Bay anchovy
• Menhaden
• Blueback herring
• Rainbow smelt
• Bluefish
• Round herring
• Butterfish
• Silver anchovy
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
Of these species only gizzard shad inhabit the Dan River and may be present near the intake.
4.12 Information Submitted to Obtain Incidental
Take Exemption or Authorization from
Services [40 CFR 122.21(r)(4)(xii)]
The project has not sought or obtained an incidental take exemption or authorization for its
cooling water intake structure from USFWS or NOAA Fisheries.
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
5.0 References
Alderman, John. 2017. Alderman Environmental Services, Inc. Personal communications with
Chris Wu. March 8, 2017.
Coutant, C. 2015. Hydraulic Patterns and Fish Responses Make In -River, Cylindrical Intake
Screens Fish Friendly or Why Few Fish??? Prepared for Northwest Energy by Charles
Coutant for presentation at EPRI conference: Clean Water Act 316(b): Conference on
Engineering, Engineering, Biological and Economic Challenges of the New Existing
Facility Rule. November 10-11, 2015.
Duke, 2017. Dan River Fish Data, January 2016 to October 2016 Data provided by William T
Russ, Foothills Coordinator, Aquatic Wildlife Diversity Program, Division of Inland
Fisheries, NC Wildlife Resources Commission. January 20, 2017
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). 2000. Technical Evaluation of the Utility of
Intake Approach Velocity as an Indicator of Potential Adverse Environmental
Impact under Clean Water Act, Section 316(b). December 18, 2000.
-. 2007 Cooling Water Intake Structure Area -of -Influence Evaluations for Ohio
River Ecological Research Program Facilities. August 14, 2007.
Huffman, R.L. 1996 Ground Water in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces of North
Carolina. Published by the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service March 1996.
National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHDPIus), 2017. NHDPlus. Accessed through Google
Earth. April 2017. https://www.epa.gov/waterdata/nhdplus-national-hydrography-
dataset-plus.
NatureServe, Inc.. 2017. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web
application]. Version 7.1 NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
http://explorer.natureserve.org. Accessed January 2017.
North Carolina Division of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Division of Water Resources
(DWR). 2017. Surface Water Classifications Map. Accessed online: April 2017.
https :Hdeq.nc. gov/about/div is ions'water-resources/planning/classification-
standards/classifications.
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP). 2017. http://www.ncnhp.org/. Accessed:
January 24, 2017.
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Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Rockingham County Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC), 2017. Fish and Shellfish
Collections made in the Dan River November 1984 to June 2016. Data provided by
William T. Russ, Foothills Coordinator, Aquatic Wildlife Diversity Program, Division
of Inland Fisheries, NC Wildlife Resources Commission. January 20, 2017.
Reid, J.0 , R.C. Milici. 2008. Hydrocarbon Source Rocks in the Deep River and Dan River
Triassic Basins, North Carolina 2008. U S Geological Survey Open -File Report 2008-
1108, 28p.
Reid, J C., K. B. Taylor, J. D. Simons. 2011. North Carolina Shale Gas: Dan River Basin,
Stokes and Rockingham Counties North Carolina Geological Survey, Raleigh.
November, 2011.
Rockingham County. 2010. A Land Use Plan for Managing Growth: Rockingham County,
North Carolina. Rockingham County Department of Planning. Accessed online: April
2017. http://www.co.rockingham.nc.us/.
Rohde et al, 2003. An Annotated List of the Fishes Known from the Dan River in Virginia and
North Carolina (Blue Ridge/Piedmont Provinces). Fred Rohde, Rudolf Arndt, David
Coughlan, Scott Smith Southeastern Fisheries Council Proceedings. Number 45. April
2003.
Rohde et al, 2001. Longitudinal Succession of Fishes in the Dan River in Virginia and North
Carolina (Blue Ridge/Piedmont Provinces). Fred Rohde, Rudolf Arndt, Scott Smith.
Southeastern Fisheries Council Proceedings. Number 42. July 2001.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2001. National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System: Regulations Addressing Cooling Water Intake Structures for
New Facilities; Final Rule. Federal Register. Volume 66, pp. 65256-65345.
December 18, 2001
I. 2014a. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permits
for Noncontact Cooling Water Discharges. MAG250000 AND NHG250000
https://www3 epa.gov/regionl/npdes/nccwgp/2014NCCWGeneralPermit.pdf.
Accessed September 9, 2016.
-. 2014b. Response to Comments on Draft National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) General Permit for Noncontact Cooling Water (NCCW) Discharges.
MAG250000 and NHG250000
https://www3.epa.gov/regionl/npdes/nccwgp/2014NCCWGPRTC.pdf.
Accessed September 9, 2016.
2016. Information for Planning and Conservation (IPaQ. Fish and Wildlife
Service https-Hecos.fws.gov/ipac/. Accessed January 2016
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Rockingham County
Rockingham County Dan River Intake
Submittals Related to Section 316(b) Compliance
. 2016. Information for Planning and Conservation (IPaC) Fish and Wildlife
Service https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/. Accessed August 29, 2016.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), 2017 USGS Water Data for the Nation. Accessed online.
April 2017. https://waterdata.usgs gov/nwis/qw.
The Virtual Aquarium 2017. http://www.webl enre.vt.edu/efish/families/riverweed.html
accessed March 13, 2017.
Zeitoun, I.H., J A. Gulvas, and D.B. Roarabaugh. 1981 Effectiveness of Fine Mesh
Cylindrical Wedge -Wire Screens in Reducing Entrainment of Lake Michigan
Ichthyoplankton. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1981, 38(1):
120-125.
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