20080737 All Versions_Reports_20080401 (2)

1

' FAYETTEVILLE OUTER LOOP - NORTHERN SECTION
INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ANALYSIS UPDATE

CUMBERLAND, NORTH CAROLINA

' TIP PROJECT NO. X-0002

' PREPARED FOR:

' North Carolina Department of Transportation
Division of Highways

' Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch

' NORTH
P~~OF cR~aG
CO

1 z
.o O

OF TR ANSQ

' APRIL 2008

1

ii

' Prepared by:

V

' SUntec

' Stantec Consulting Services Inc.
801 Jones Franklin Road, Suite 300
' Raleigh, NC 27606

April 2008

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

Table of Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................iii
1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Background and Purpose ......................................................................1
' 1.2 ICE Update Study Area Boundary and Time Horizon ........................................2
1.3 No Build Alternative ..........................................................................................2
1.4 Build Alternative ................................................................................................2
1.5 Project Purpose and Need 2
2 ICE Update Study Area Characteristics ....................................................................4
2.1 Population Trends .............................................................................................4
' 2.2 Housing Units ...................................................................................................4
3 ICE Update Study Area Notable Features ................................................................6
3.1 Water Resources 6
3.1.1 Streams 6
3.1.2 Stream Classification on . .6
3.1.3 Water Supply Watersheds .........................................................................7
3.1.4 Impaired Waters .........................................................................................7
3.2 Protected Species .............................................................................................7
3.3 Natural Heritage Sites .......................................................................................8
3.4 Soils ..................................................................................................................8
4 ICE Update Study Area Planning Context ..............................................................12
4.1 Local Regulations and Plans ...........................................................................12
4.1.1 Water Supply Watershed Management and Protection Regulations ........12
' 4.1.2 Stormwater Management .........................................................................12
4.1.3 Cumberland County 2010 Land Use Plan ................................................13
4.1.4 North Fayetteville Area Land Use Plan ....................................................14
4.1.5 Wade Area Land Use Plan .......................................................................14
4.1.6 Eastover Area Land Use Plan ..................................................................14
4.1.7 2008 Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Land Use Study Update ...............15
4.2 Sewer Service .................................................................................................16
' 4.3 Zoning .............................................................................................................17
4.4 Other Transportation Improvement Projects ....................................................19
5 Activities Causing Effects .......................................................................................19
5.1 Proposed Development and Transportation Projects ......................................19
5.2 Project Related Environmental Effects ............................................................19
5.3 Project Related Transportation Effects ............................................................19
5.4 Potential for Project Related Induced Development ........................................21
6 Potential Indirect and Cumulative Effects ...............................................................21
7 Analysis of Indirect and Cumulative Effects ............................................................21
7.1 Existing Land Use ...........................................................................................22
' 7.2 Build Scenario .................................................................................................23
7.3 No-Build Scenario 24
7.4 Scenario Comparisons ....................................................................................25
8 Evaluation of Analysis Results ...............................................................................31
8.1 Indirect Effects .........................................................................................31
8.2 Cumulative Effects 31
9 References ............................................................................................................33
' 10 Appendix ............................................................................................................35
10.1 Cumberland County TIP Projects ................................................................35
i

i

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

Tables

Table 1. Population projections, 2005 - 2035 ..................................................................4
Table 2. Housing Units, 1990 - 2006 ...............................................................................5
Table 3. Federally protected species in Cumberland County ...........................................8
Table 4. Travel Distance/Time Analysis ........................................................................21
Table 5. Land Use Categories and Density 22
Table 6. Build and No Build Scenarios Land Use (acres) 26

Figures

Exhibit 1. Vicinity and Study Area ....................................................................................1 ,
Exhibit 2. Project Map .....................................................................................................3
Exhibit 3. Water Resources .............................................................................................9
Exhibit 4. State Parks, Natural Heritage Areas and Element Occurences .....................10
Exhibit 5. Soil Limitations for Septic Systems ................................................................11
Exhibit 6. Sewer Services ..............................................................................................18
Figure 7. Alternate Travel Routes ..................................................................................20
Exhibit 8. Current Land Use 27
Exhibit 9. Future 'Build' Land Use 28
Exhibit 10. Future `No Build' Land Use ..........................................................................29

i

1

1

1

1

1

1

1
ii

1

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
' ICE Analysis Update

' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The North Carolina Department of Transportation proposes to construct a new 7.5-mile
four-lane divided freeway with full access control known as TIP X-0002B/C. This project
is the next phase of the Fayetteville Outer Loop. The previous phases (X-0002D/E)
' connected 1-95 in the Town of Eastover to Ramsey Street (US 401). The proposed new
section will continue from Ramsey Street to Bragg Boulevard (NC24).
An Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report (ICE) was completed in March 2005
' (Fayetteville Outer Loop Indirect and Cumulative Impact Analysis - Cumberland, Hoke,
and Robeson Counties, T.I.P. Project Number U-25191X-28&C) to provide an analysis of
the potential long-term, induced effects of the proposed project (NCDOT 2005).
' One of the study's conclusions was that the X-0002 project in its entirety could
encourage development in northeast Fayetteville. This conclusion, along with comments
from the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ) have led to a shift in study
' area to encompass the entire 14.3 mile long X-0002 (B/C and D/E) portion of the Outer
Loop.
This document serves as an update to the original ICE and focuses on the X-0002
' portion of the Outer Loop. In addition, an analysis of land use associated with Build and
No Build scenarios was completed and analyzed for the ICE Update study area. These
scenarios were used to determine how the Outer Loop might affect the level of growth in
the area.
A comparison between the Build and No Build scenarios indicates that growth and
development will continue within the ICE Update study area regardless of the
construction of the X-0002B/C section of the Outer Loop. The study area to the west of
the Cape Fear River is already densely developed and plans have already been
approved for the expansion of many subdivisions in the remaining undeveloped areas.
While the X-00026/C section may spur the redevelopment of properties around Bragg
Boulevard and Murchison Road, it is not likely to cause an increase in impervious
surfaces since the existing development is high density. This redevelopment could also
be spurred by the expansion of the Fort Bragg population or the widening of Murchison
' Road.
Although the completed outer loop will reduce travel time and distance, it is likely that it
has already opened the area east of the Cape Fear River to development by providing
' easy access to Fayetteville and Fort Bragg. It is anticipated that this growth will continue
at a low rate retaining some of the rural character of the area. The widening of other
roads in the study area will improve access to Fort Bragg from the area east of the river
' if the X-0002B/C portion of the Outer Loop is not constructed.
The cumulative effects as noted in the original ICE study remain unchanged. While the
original report stated that the entire Outer Loop may constitute a cumulative impact of
' the study area, it also noted that current development laws and regulations "will support
appropriate land development and in turn minimize any development-related effects"
(NCDOT 2005).
' It is important to note that the completed X-0002D/E section is one of the main drivers of
these cumulative effects as it opened up a new area to development by removing the
natural constraint of the Cape Fear River and creating a new artery into the City of
1
iii

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 '
ICE Analysis Update

Fayetteville. The U-2519 portion of the Outer Loop is also a driver of cumulative effects. '
The original ICE reported that growth around that section is high regardless of
completion of the U-2519 portion. The X-0002B/C portion of the Outer Loop acts as a
connector for these two growth stimulating pieces. Further, the X-0002B/C portion of the '
Outer Loop is located in one of the more developed areas of the entire proposed
corridor. Finally Fort Bragg is the main employer in the county and growth related to the
base can be attributed to much of the population growth in the county. For these reasons
the X-0002B/C segment should not be considered a primary driver of growth or land use ,
impacts in the region.

1

1

iv

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

1 INTRODUCTION

' 1.1 Project Background and Purpose
The entire Fayetteville Outer Loop includes approximately 35 miles of multi-lane freeway
mostly on new location. The purpose of this analysis is to update and expand an existing
indirect and cumulative effects (ICE) analysis that was completed in 2005 for portions
equaling 27.8 miles in length of the Fayetteville Outer Loop (TIP U-2519, X-0002B, and
X-0002C). The original ICE analysis identified a study area from 1-95 south of Hope Mills
' to Ramsey Street (US401) (Exhibit 1).
One of the study's conclusions was that the X-0002 project in its entirety could
encourage development in northeast Fayetteville. This conclusion, along with comments
' from the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ) have led to a shift in study
area to encompass the entire 14.3 mile long X-0002 portion of the Outer Loop. The TIP
X-0002 is divided into a number of sections. Sections D and E are approximately 7.5
' miles in length and start at 1-95 in the Town of Eastover cross the Cape Fear River and
end at Ramsey Street (US401) in Fayetteville. Section D and E were completed 2005.
Sections B and C are less than 7 miles in length and start at Ramsey Street and end just
east of NC24.
' The analysis of indirect and cumulative effects associated with the X-0002 portion of the
Fayetteville Outer Loop was conducted utilizing guidelines established in the
NCDOT/NCDENR NEPA/SEPA/401 Eight-Step ICE Assessment Process (NCDOT
2004). In addition to a qualitative analysis of No-Build and Build scenarios, this study
contains an analysis of the land use associated with the two scenarios.
' N
V s n e
' MO E
401
P ke G,tQe Fear R

' Fort Bragg Military Reservati

SAMP ON OUNTY

+ 0 24
HOK OUNTYS
Exhibit 1. Vicinity Map and Study Area
Fayetteville Outer Loop
CUMB RLAN ICE Update Report
CO NTY TIP No. X0002
Roads County boundaries
X-0002B/ C Updated ICE study area
ROB ON UN U-2519 Original ICE study area
' 0 5 Has Rivers

1

1

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

1.2 ICE Update Study Area Boundary and Time Horizon '

A variety of information was reviewed including the original ICE Study, area land use
plans, sewer service areas, census tracts, 14-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC)
boundaries, and Transportation Areas Zone (TAZ) boundaries in order to determine the
appropriate ICE Update study area boundaries. To the west, Bragg Boulevard (NC24)
serves as the study area boundary as this report does not examine effects regarding the
U-2519 portion of the roadway. From this point east to McArthur Road, the northern and ,
southern limits of the study area coincide with the original ICE study area boundaries. In
order to encompass the remainder of the X-0002 roadway, the study area was expanded
east beyond 1-95 and north to the Cape Fear River. The boundary coincides with the '
TAZ boundaries up to the planning area limits for the Towns of Eastover and Wade.
A time horizon of 2005 to 2035 was set for this analysis as it coincides with the recently
released "Population and Economics Study for the Fayetteville Urbanized Area and ,
Cumberland County" (FAMPO 2006). Other plans are currently in progress for the ICE
Update study area that contained shorter time horizons.
1.3 No Build Alternative
The No-Build Alternative consists of not implementing the 7-mile stretch of the Bypass
between Ramsey Street and Bragg Boulevard. Since the original ICE was completed in
March 2005, the first section of the Fayetteville Outer Loop (X-0002D/E) has been
completed and opened. This is the only change to the existing conditions. The appendix
contains the transportation projects listed in the Draft 2009-2015 North Carolina
Transportation Improvement Program for Cumberland County. Only those projects that
will add capacity are included. As noted in the original ICE, Murchison Road will be
widened (TIP U-4444) and Bragg Boulevard will be closed to non-military traffic between
Gruber Road and Butner Road. Other projects in the study area are described in section '
4.4.
1.4 Build Alternative ,
The Preferred Alternative for the X-0002 portion of the Bypass starts at Bragg Boulevard
(NC 24) and continues east through an interchange at Murchison Road (NC 87/210). It
then extends south of Smith Lake to an interchange with McArthur Road and then turns ,
northeast and parallels Andrews Road (SR 1611). The planned portion ends just west of
Ramsey Street (US 401). The road has already been constructed from Ramsey Street
east over the Cape Fear River, through an interchange at River Road and ending at 1-95
(Exhibit 2).
1.5 Project Purpose and Need
The purpose and need of the project has not changed since the original ICE. Now that '
more than half of the X-0002 portion is complete and the U-2519 portion is due to let
beginning in November 2008, a gap has been left in the Proposed Bypass in a heavily
developed part of the corridor.

2

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

o / 401 (
IT,
71
Falcon
> Fort Bragg
f /
Springzl / r~
Luke - ~1 i,-

,•ti
Z T Wade,
` 1- 295 y `
~ / -
~Z
2a
,y. tic
-T
2'C 29S
qNG~ US 13 -
03
~ -po; ~ "v ~ ~ „Eastover_ 1 ~ •
-41
<Fayetteville
%
1
s 24 ~ r
Interchanges Fort Bragg
Exhibit 2. Project Map X0002 B/C (proposed) Primary Roads
Fayetteville Outer Loop /N/ X0002 D/E (completed) Roads
ICE Update Report
ICE Update study area Municipal boundaries
TIP No. X0002 ,----1
Rivers County boundaries
3

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

2 ICE UPDATE STUDY AREA CHARACTERISTICS

2.1 Population Trends '
The population of Cumberland County as a whole increased 10%, 274,566 to 302,963,
from 1990 to 2000 and a little over 1%, up to 306,545 from 2000 to 2006. The City of '
Fayetteville saw a 60% (75,695 to 121,015) increase from 1990 to 2000 and a 44%
increase from 2000 to 2006 (121,015 to 173,898). However, most of this increase could
be attributed to annexation of developed areas that occurred during those periods. The
Towns of Eastover and Wade experienced an 11 % (1,243 to 1,376) and 102% (238 to
480) growth in population respectively, from 1990 to 2000. The 2006 population
municipal and county estimates are published by the North Carolina State
Demographics Office.
As mentioned above, FAMPO released a draft population and economics study in 2008
for the Fayetteville Urbanized Area and Cumberland County. For this report, population
projections to the year 2035 were performed for each TAZ in the County. The base 2005
population is higher than that reported by the NC State Demographics Office as it was
produced from projections based on Census 2000 data. These projections predict a 28%
increase in the population of Cumberland County from 2005 to 2035. Within the ICE
update study area, the projected increase in population outpaces that of Cumberland
County, at 35% over the 30 year period (Table 1). The yearly population increase is less
than 1.2% for the study area.
Table 1. Population projections, 2005 - 2035
Area Po ulation 30 Year Growth
2005 2035 # people %
ICE Update Stud Area 39476 53401 13925 35%
Cumberland Count 319217 409267 90050 28%

Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission (BRAG) has reported that military
restructuring will result in an increase of military personnel and family as well as civilian ,
contractors on the Fort Bragg Military Reservation by 2013. A preliminary impact
assessment examined the population and housing impacts on the counties surrounding
the base (BRAG 2008). Since the restructuring will be completed by 2013, the
assessment period was set as 2006-2013. In that time period, the Cumberland County
population is expected to increase by approximately 26,000 people with 8,000 of those
people attributed to military restructuring. The 2013 population projection calculated for
the impact assessment was similar to those calculated by FAMPO. This reaffirms that '
although the FAMPO 2005 estimate is higher than the State estimate, it is reasonable.
2.2 Housing Units '
The number of housing units in the region has increased substantially from 1990 to
2006. Cumberland County has seen a 33% increase in the number of households while
Fayetteville has seen a 154% increase (US Census 2006). However, most of the ,
Fayetteville increase can be attributed to annexation. 2006 census data is not currently
available for either the Town of Wade or the Town of Eastover, but 2000 Census data
shows that the Town of Eastover experienced a 17% increase in housing units between
4

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
1 ICE Analysis Update

1990 and 2000, and Wade saw a 100% increase. As the number of housing units grew
(faster than the rate of population increase), the household size decreased from 2.77 to
2.36 persons per household in Cumberland County. The same trend is true for the three
municipalities in the ICE Update study area, where the average household sizes also
' decreased during that time period (Table 2). Residential construction activity has far
outpaced the population growth in Cumberland County (BRAG 2008).
' The Fayetteville Metropolitan Planning Organization performed housing projections for
the years 2005 to 2035, and based on the expected population growth in the region,
predicted a 35% increase in housing units within the ICE Update study area (from
18,483 to 25,003 units) (FAMPO, 2008). The number of existing housing units and the
additional units needed in each TAZ varies considerably among the TAZs in the study
area. Some TAZs will see no increase in housing units while others will experience
significant increases.
Table 2. Housing Units, 1990 - 2006
Area No. of Housin Unitss Household Size
1990 2000 2006 1990 2000 2006
Eastover 529 621 NA 2.43 2.32 NA
Wade 110 220 NA 2.36 2.45 NA
1 Fayette ille 31712 53565 80434 2.47 2.42 2.22
Cumberland County , 98360 118425 131553 2.77 2.65 2.36
NA = Not Available

In addition, the Draft Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Joint Land Use Study Update
(RLUAC 2008) examined the housing and land use implications of the increased
' population within the five-mile buffer surrounding Fort Bragg. A five-mile buffer was
selected for that study as it was assumed BRAC related growth would have a major
impact on a broad area of at least five miles. It excludes from consideration the
personnel who will live on Fort Bragg in new and existing base housing. The Joint Land
Use Study predicted that 5,665 additional housing units would be necessary in the
Cumberland County portion of the 5-mile buffer to accommodate the population by 2013.
This ICE Update study area occupies approximately 27% of the Cumberland County part
of the buffer. As a straight ratio, this would mean 1,530 additional housing units would be
needed in the study area over the next five years. However, this assumes even
distribution throughout the Cumberland County part of the buffer which is unlikely since
large areas are already built out in the west while others are undeveloped. As such, it is
possible that more of the BRAC growth will occur in the eastern portion of the
Cumberland County buffer than in the western half. Housing needs are directly related to
1 population increase and since the population estimate from FAMPO is in line with the
BRAC estimates, FAMPO's estimate of housing needs is in accord with the BRAC and
Joint Land Use studies. The FAMPO housing projections were used to develop the No
Build and Build scenarios as described in section 7.

5

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 ,
ICE Analysis Update

3 ICE UPDATE STUDY AREA NOTABLE FEATURES

3.1 Water Resources

3. 1.1 Streams ,
There are two sub-basins of the Cape Fear River watershed in the ICE Update study
area: sub-basin 03-06-15 which drains the majority of the study area; and sub-basin 03- ,
06-18 drains a small portion in the southeastern corner. The Cape Fear River flows from
north to south through the middle of the ICE Update study area. Main tributaries such as
Bakers Swamp, Carvers, Greens, and McPherson Creeks contribute flow to the Cape
Fear River within the study area. Other main tributaries such as Cross Creek, Little
Cross Creek, Flat Swamp Ditch, Gum Log Canal, and Reece Creek contribute flow to
the Cape Fear River south of the study area (Exhibit 3). Tributaries in the southeastern
corner include Big Creek and Little Creek. '
3.1.2 Stream Classification
NCDWQ classifies Bakers Swamp, Brachcoast Swamp, Flat Swamp Ditch, Gum Log
Canal, Locks Creek, and Reece Creek as Class C waters. Big Creek and Little Creek
are classified as CSw. The Cape Fear River within the ICE Update study area is mostly
classified as WS-IV, with one segment classified as WS-V and another as WS-IV CA.
Other WS-IV waters include Cross Creek, Little Cross Creek, McPherson Creek (College
Lake), and North Prong Carvers Creek. Carvers Creek, Greens Creek, and McPherson
Creek (Wooded Lake) are all classified as WS-IV&B. Stream classification definitions are
found below.
Streams crossed by the new portion of the Outer Loop corridor (TIP X002 B & C) include
Little Cross Creek, Cross Creek, and McPherson Creek (and their unnamed tributaries). '
Main tributaries crossed by the already constructed portion of the corridor (TIP X002 D &
E) include McPherson Creek, Carvers Creek, and the Cape Fear River.
• WS-V - waters protected as water supplies, which are generally upstream, and ,
draining to Class WS-IV waters or waters used by industry to supply their employees
with drinking water or as waters formerly used as water supply.
• WS-IV - water sources of water supply for drinking, culinary, or food processing
purposes and are generally located within moderately to highly-developed
watersheds and involve no categorical restrictions on discharges.
• Class B - waters protected for all Class C uses in addition to primary recreation.
Primary recreational activities include swimming, skin diving, water skiing, and '
similar uses involving human body contact with water where such activities take
place in an organized manner or on a frequent basis.
• Class C - waters protected for secondary recreation, fishing, wildlife, fish and aquatic '
life propagation and survival, and agriculture. There are no restrictions on watershed
development or types of discharges.
• Sw - Swamp waters is a supplemental classification intended to recognize those
waters that generally have naturally occurring very low velocities, low pH, and low-
dissolved oxygen. No specific restrictions on discharge types or development are
involved.
• No waters classified as High Quality Waters (HQW), Trout Waters Jr), or ,
Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW) occur within the study area.
6

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
' ICE Analysis Update

3.1.3 Water Supply Watersheds
Three water supply watersheds (Cape Fear River, Big Cross Creek, and Little Cross
Creek) are located within the ICE Update study area (Exhibit 3). Each of the water
supply watersheds are classified as WS-IV (see definition above). As such, these
watersheds carry certain development regulations as described in section 4.1.1 in order
to protect them as water supplies.
3.1.4 Impaired Waters

The Draft 2008 303(d) Impaired Waters List enumerates those waterbodies in North
Carolina that do not meet state water quality standards. In the study area, only one
1 stream segment was identified as not meeting water quality standards. It is a segment of
Little Cross Creek from Kornbow Lake to a point 0.5 miles upstream of the backwaters of
Glenville Lake (Stream Index #18-27-4-(1)e) located entirely on Fort Bragg. The
segment is classified as WS-IV, and is listed as impaired for ecological/biological
integrity and benthos (Exhibit 3). Outside of the study area, two other segments of Little
Cross Creek are also listed as impaired.
A stressor study completed in 2003 indicated that increased impervious causing bank
erosion and sedimentation are likely stressors to the benthic community in Little Cross
Creek. A stressor survey in 2003 also noted tannin stained waters, trash and urban
debris, elevated ammonia levels, and periphyton growths (NCDWQ, 2005a).
In 1998, Fayetteville received a $63,000 Clean Water Management Trust Fund
(CWMTF) grant to conduct a nutrient, sediment, and bacteria susceptibility study in the
Little Cross Creek watershed. The study identified 98 projects to reduce sediment
loading and prioritized 35 of the projects. In 2002, Fayetteville received a $766,000
CWMTF grant to design five stormwater structures and to acquire 21 acres for one of the
1 ponds (NCDWQ, 2005a).
3.2 Protected Species
There are six federally protected species listed for Cumberland County on the newest
(2008) protected species list (Table 3). Another 24 species are listed as federal species
of concern in the county.
Sixty-six element occurrences of rare and endangered species are located within the
ICE Update study area by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (2008). There
are also 33 exemplary or unique natural ecosystems in the study area. These
occurrences are concentrated mostly in the western portion of the study area (with a
large number occurring on Ft. Bragg) and in areas along the Cape Fear River, such as
Carvers Creek Sandhills and Cape Fear Bluff (Exhibit 4). Many of these areas are
I protected from development through public ownership or conservation easements as
described in the next section.
In addition to the protected areas in the study area, NCDOT purchased the 2,500-acre
Calloway Forest Site in 2001 and donated it to the Nature Conservancy in 2002. This
site serves as mitigation for red-cockaded woodpecker impacts in the Sand Hills region.

i

1
7

I

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

Table 3. Federally protected species in Cumberland County
Scientific Name Common Name Federal Status
Alligator mississi iensis American Alligator Threatened S/A
Neon m ha mitchelli francisci St. Francis' Satyr Butterfly Endangered
Picoides borealis Red-cockaded Woodpecker Endangered
Lindera melissifolia Pondberr Endangered
L simachia as erulaefolia Rough-leaved Loosestrife Endangered
Rhus michauxii Michaux's Sumac Endangered
Schwalbea americana American Chaffseed Endangered
(S/A) = Threatened due to similarity of appearance.
3.3 Natural Heritage Sites

The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program documents the status and distribution of ,
the rarest plants and animals, as well as the best examples of natural communities
throughout the state. These inventories have been used to identify natural heritage sites
of national, state, and regional significance. Several of these natural heritage sites are
present within the ICE Update study area (Exhibit 4). The Bonnie Doone Natural Area,
comprised of approximately 548 acres, lies in the southwest corner of the study area.
This area is owned and protected by the City of Fayetteville. The Cape Fear River Bluff
is located along the banks of the Cape Fear River in the northeast corner of the study
area. Other natural heritage areas include Carvers Falls, the Fort Bragg Nea Bog
Complex Natural Area, the River Road Hardwoods, the Methodist College Hardwood
Slopes, and Carvers Creek Sandhills. A portion of the Methodist College Hardwood
Slopes and areas immediately north have been protected with conservation easements.
To date, portions of the Carvers Creek Sandhills natural heritage area have been
authorized as a state park as part of the New Parks for a New Century Initiative
approved by the North Carolina General Assembly in 2005 (NCDPR, 2007). A portion of
this park lies within the current study area, but a master plan for the park has not yet
been developed. However, there are currently several areas of interest for expansion of ,
the park to the west, which also lie partially within the current study area (Exhibit 4)
(personal communication, John Amaroso, North Carolina Department of Parks and
Recreation).
3.4 Soils
Soils in the study area were reviewed for septic suitability as this can have an affect on
potential development. According to the soil survey, soils within the study area have
severe development limitations due to their low permeability and strength. Furthermore,
the soil data shows that approximately 69.9% of the study area has severe limitations for
septic tank use, 13.8% with moderate, and 13.2% with slight limitations (3.1% of the
soils classes have unclassified limitations). Limitations are considered slight if soil
properties and site features are generally favorable for the indicated use and limitations
are minor and easily overcome. Moderate signifies soil properties or site features that
are not favorable for use as a septic tank drain field and special planning, design, or
maintenance is necessary to overcome or minimize limitations. Severe indicates soil
properties or site features that are so unfavorable that special design, significant
increases in construction cost, and possibly increased maintenance are required (USDA,
1984). A map of soil septic tank suitability within the study area is presented in Exhibit 5.
8

r r r wi tw w~ ww w w ~w IM M w

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

N-

T C
~ a o

r • ~1
Fort Bragg:
41 - -
v ; / y
/

f l

4 ps J~ 11 ~
i t .
!y~ fir- e ~O r -

b -22.5 5 Mile - v

Exhibit 3. Streams X0002 - B/C (proposed)
Water Resources 303d-listed streams X0002 - D/E (completed)
Fayetteville Outer Loop Water supply watersheds Major roads
ICE Update Report
TIP No. X0002 100-year floodplain ICE Update study area
1 Fort Bragg ' L --j boundary

9

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

f Fort Bragg 401 G°1 O

C -0

0- 0
O

;J

e r
2.5

X0002 - B/C (proposed) ® Park area of interest Carvers Creek Sandhills
Exhibit 4. X0002 - D/E (completed) Carver Creek Sandhills State Park Carvers Falls
State Parks, Natural Heritage Major roads o Natural Heritage element occurence Ft. Bragg Nea Bog Complex
Areas and Element Occurences Streams Natural Heritage Areas Methodist College Hardwood Slopes
Fayetteville Outer Loop ICE Update study area Bonnie Doone Natural Area River Road Hardwoods
ICE Update Report
TIP No. X0002 L__ I County boundary Cape Fear River Bluff Upper Cape Fear River
Ft. Bragg

10

r rr rr rr r r~ ri rr rr rr rr r~ r r~ r r r

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

1
a

Fort
Br g 1.~v aot `

"ZIA

14

f

v / / v
P

~
I
\V,~
2.5

Septic limitation 0 X0002 - B/C (proposed)
Exhibit 5.
Soil Septic Limitation Not applicable X0002 - D/E (completed)
Fayetteville Outer Loop Slight Major roads
ICE Update Report Moderate Streams
r Severe Fort Bragg
TIP No. X0002
Q ICE Update study area County boundary
`
11

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 ,
ICE Analysis Update

4 ICE UPDATE STUDY AREA PLANNING CONTEXT

4.1 Local Regulations and Plans '

4.1.1 Water Supply Watershed Management and Protection Regulations
As stated in section 3.1.3, there are three water supply watersheds (WS-IV) located '
within the ICE Update study area. Development in these watersheds must adhere State
of North Carolina Water Supply Watershed Protection rules for WS-IV watersheds. Low
density development requires a 30-foot stream buffer while high density development
requires a 100-foot buffer. Development is considered low density if there is one dwelling
per half acre or 24% built upon area. If a curb and gutter street system is not installed,
built upon surfaces can equal 36% or 1/3 acre lots. High-density options using
engineered storm water control devices are permitted as long as it does not exceed 70 ,
percent built-upon area. This rule applies to new development and redevelopment. As
redevelopment occurs in the western portion of the study area, stormwater control may
improve since many of the areas were developed prior to implementation of water supply
protections.
4.1.2 Stormwater Management
In 1995, the City of Fayetteville and unincorporated areas of Cumberland County
implemented a stormwater utility to provide a mechanism to fund efforts to comply with
the requirements of NPDES permits issued under Phase I of the USEPA stormwater
program. Stormwater Services is a joint City of Fayetteville & Cumberland County
agency that provides limited assistance relating to drainage problems and assures
compliance to the State issued National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) Municipal Stormwater Permit. The City and County are currently operating
under a Phase I NPDES permit serving a population of over 100,000. However, since
1995 the City of Fayetteville has annexed several of its surrounding urban areas in the
County. As such, the County has filed to be removed from the Phase I list to be placed ,
on the Phase II list (for populations under 100,000). This decision is still pending. The
City of Fayetteville would remain on the Phase I list. Further details on Phase I and II
rules can be found in the original ICE report.
Under Phase I stormwater rules, the local government agency is required to develop,
implement and enforce a stormwater management program that includes public
education, illicit discharge detection and elimination, storm sewer system and land use
mapping, and analytical monitoring.
Under a Phase II permit, all regulated small MS4 operators must develop, implement
and enforce a stormwater management program designed to reduce the discharge of '
pollutants from their MS4 to the "maximum extent practicable," to protect water quality,
and to satisfy the appropriate water quality requirements of the Clean Water Act. The
small MS4 stormwater management program must include the following six minimum
control measures: public education and outreach; public participation/involvement; illicit ,
discharge detection and elimination; construction site runoff control; post-construction
runoff control; and pollution prevention/good housekeeping. Finally, regulated small MS4
operators must identify its selection of BMPs (Best Management Practices) and '
measurable goals for each minimum measure in the permit application. The evaluation

12 '

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

and assessment of the BMPs and measurable goals must be included in periodic reports
to the NPDES permitting authority.
Construction stormwater controls within the City of Fayetteville and Cumberland County
' are subject to the North Carolina Sedimentation and Erosion Act. Under this act, projects
that are 5 acres or larger must obtain a permit for the discharge of stormwater from
construction sites. For post-construction stormwater controls, the County is subject to
NPDES Phase II stormwater controls, administered by NCDENR. The City of
Fayetteville is currently developing a post-construction stormwater control ordinance, but
it is yet to be implemented.
Furthermore, Section 9 Part c of North Carolina Senate Bill 1566 outlines stormwater
controls under the Phase II permit necessary for a project that disturbs one acre or more
of land. For low-density development projects (projects with less than 24% built-upon
' area) vegetated conveyances must be used to the maximum extent practicable to
transport stormwater runoff from the project. On-site stormwater treatment devices such
as bioretention and infiltration areas may also be used. For high-density development
(greater than 24% built-upon area) structural stormwater management systems must be
used that will control and treat runoff from the first one inch of rain.
As was the case with water supply protections, these stormwater management
regulations apply to new development and redevelopment. Therefore stormwater control
1 may improve as redevelopment occurs.
4.1.3 Cumberland County 2010 Land Use Plan
The Cumberland County 2010 Land Use Plan was developed to serve as a guide for the
revitalization of existing development and a framework for future development in
Cumberland County (CCJPB 1996). To those ends, the plan defined an Urban Services
' Area (USA) for the County. The USA concept divides the County into urban and rural
sectors, each with their own respective development requirements. The rural sector of
the County is also designated as the Farmland Protection Area (FPA).
' The plan also proposes the integration of Municipal Influence Areas (MIAs) within the
USA concept. In the absence of extra-territorial jurisdiction, MIAs would provide the
municipalities with the ability to set specific municipal development standards within their
respective MIA. The plan recommends the use of MIAs in order to address urban sprawl
issues, farmland protection, preservation of a rural atmosphere, and growth
management in the County.
' Whereas previous development patterns in Cumberland County favored 'strip'
development, the plan now proposes the use of the 'nodal/corridor' type for future urban
development within the USA. This style of development focuses central urban
' development along major thoroughfares, with progressively lower density development
moving outward from this centralized development.
The land use categories in the plan include residential, commercial, office and
institutional, industrial, social/governmental/recreational/open space, farmland, and
activity nodes. Residential land use consists of five categories: rural residential (<2
housing units per acre), suburban (two housing units per acre), low density (up to 6 units
per acre), medium density (up to 13 single and multi-family units per acre), and high
density (greater than 13 per acre). Within the FPA, residential development is restricted
to the rural residential category (<2 dwellings per acre). Residential development of all
categories is allowed with the USA. Activity nodes are meant to encourage the

13

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 ,
ICE Analysis Update

nodal/corridor' type of urban development, focusing concentrations of non-residential
development at major intersections.
The majority of the updated ICE study area is comprised of the Urban Services Area
described in the 2010 Cumberland Land Use Plan. Approximately a quarter of the study
area lies within the Farmland Protection Area. This section occurs east of the Cape Fear
River and north of the X-0002D/E portions of the Outer Loop as well as east of 1-95.
After the 2010 plan was complete, a number of small area plans were developed for
specific areas around the County. The ICE Update study area falls within three small
area plans, North Fayetteville, Eastover, and Wade. These plans were incorporated into
the 2010 plan future land use map. The plans will continue to take precedence over the
2030 Growth Vision Plan that the County is currently preparing.
4.1.4 North Fayetteville Area Land Use Plan
The North Fayetteville Land Use Plan, completed in 2002, covers an area bounded by ,
the Cape Fear River to the east, McArthur Road to the west, Country Club Drive (US
401) to the south, and to the north McCloskey Road. The plan also calls for improving
local streets in the area of the Outer Loop. Specific plan recommendations include: (1)
designation of a non-residential activity node at the proposed interchange of the
Fayetteville Outer Loop and McArthur Road (SR 1600); (2) the development of
incentives to promote infill development inside of the Outer Loop; (3) provide for ,
industrial expansion; (4) accommodate existing and future commercial needs without
stripping the major corridors; (5) enable expansion of office and institutional uses; (6)
concentrate higher-density residential development in areas with adequate utilities; and
(7) provide environmental corridors and open space (CCJPB 2002).
4.1.5 Wade Area Land Use Plan
The Wade Study Area Citizen Planning Committee developed a proposed land use plan ,
for the Wade area in 2003. Residential development covers the majority of the planning
area. Residential densities include areas with up to 13.5 lots per acre of multi-family
housing (2%), 3-4 houses per acre (9%), 2 houses per acre (1%), and one-acre lots '
(38%). Almost 19% of the Wade area is proposed for use as farmland in the
northeastern and southeastern portions of area. Another 8% is denoted for open space
use. Under this plan, less than 2% of the total area is recommended for commercial,
office, institutional, and governmental uses (CCJPB 2003).
Over 20% of the Wade area is being promoted for industrial use. Planners recognize the
potential for industry placement in the Town due to the presence of large available tracts ,
of land that exhibit many of the necessities for mega-industries. These necessities
include access to natural gas transmission lines, rail access, and the future availability of
public water and sewer. The plan also notes that with the completion of the X-0002D ,
portion of the Outer Loop, these potential industries will have the needed access to the
interstate system. As the road is constructed, it will provide a close commuting distance
for the work force. Other development effects of the Outer Loop in the Wade area
include a planned Activity Node at the interchange of River Road and the Outer Loop.
4.1.6 Eastover Area Land Use Plan
The Eastover Plan was completed in 2000 before the town was incorporated. The plan
notes that two factors that will most likely initiate growth pressures and further
development in the Eastover area: 1) the construction of the Fayetteville Outer Loop that

14

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

I traverses the northern portion of the planning area and 2) the introduction of public water
service to a large portion of the area west of US 301. According to the plan, Eastover is
becoming one of the "choice" areas in the County for rural living. Currently, a low
' number of Armed Forces personnel live east of the Cape Fear River. Population has
increased by 29% in the Eastover area from 1970 to 1990. Planners expect that growth
will continue in this area "given the increases in the total population, labor force, income
levels, the total number of housing units, as well as future availability of infrastructure"
' (CCJPB 2000). Since the plan was finished, the Outer Loop has been completed in the
planning area and water and sewer service are more readily available.
Future landuse in the study area is defined in the small area plan and the Cumberland
County 2010 Land Use Plan (see section 4.1.3 for description). The plan identifies an
Activity Node at the 1-95/Outer Loop interchange. The Urban Services Area, where
development is promoted, covers much of the planning area. The plan notes an increase
' in development is expected once the Outer Loop provides a direct access to Fort Bragg
and Fayetteville shopping areas. This direct access was achieved upon completion of
the X-0002D/E portion including the new bridge crossing.
4.1.7 2008 Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Land Use Study Update
The US Armed Forces have been undergoing base realignment and closures, resulting
in a planned increase of troops in the Ft. Bragg area. The anticipated growth of over
25,000 people is likely to have a major impact on a broader area in the region. The Fort
Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Joint Land Use Study Update is an expansion of the original
plan, completed in 2003, that focused on a 1-mile buffer around the military bases. The
1 2008 joint land use plan means to serve as a 'roadmap' for providing sustainable
development in the Ft. Bragg area as this population increase occurs - to balance the
need to protect the training mission of the fort, preserve the surrounding environment,
and ensure the health, safety, and welfare of the population living near the base (BRAG
2008). The 2008 plan extends the focus out to a 5-mile buffer around Fort Bragg,
identifies lands that are "critically important" (7%) or "important" (25%) to conserve, and
' land that is suitable for various forms of urban development (64%).
The study notes that much of the five-mile study area is served by public water through
the city system, and nearly one quarter is currently served by public sewer. Availability of
' water makes it attractive for nearly all types of urban development. But some of these
areas are unsuitable due to military factors such as high-noise areas, aircraft accident
potential zones, military aircraft low-level training areas, and environmental factors such
I as, Red-cockaded Woodpecker foraging areas, prime farmlands, and managed forests.
In order to protect these areas, the study proposes the use of "Military Impact Zoning
Overlay Districts" which would place additional requirements on development in areas
not suitable for most types of urban development. The study also proposes the purchase
of critical/important lands from willing sellers, the leasing of development rights on
critical/important lands, and the review of rezoning cases. The Notice of Land Use
Planning Changes to Military Bases Law, ratified in 2004, requires that all local
' governments in North Carolina notify the commanding officer of a military base of any
proposed zoning changes. Although not legally bound by the military response, the local
governments must consider the military recommendation before rezoning a parcel of
property within the 5-mile buffer.
In response to the 2003 plan, the County produced it owns planning document for the
one-mile buffer that focused more on conflicts with military uses and activities and less
15

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 ,
ICE Analysis Update

on natural resource conservation. The County does not have to adopt the ,
recommendations of the 2008 land use plan either. It is unclear what the County will do
with this new plan. However, they have been more active in the current planning process
along with the surrounding counties and municipalities than in the previous planning ,
effort (personal communication, Don Belk, BRAC Regional Task Force)
4.2 Sewer Service

The availability of water and sewer service will often restrict development in an area. If
development does occur in the absence of water or sewer, there are limits on minimum
lot sizes in order to accommodate septic systems. Much of the study area east of the
Cape Fear River is currently rural with dependency on septic systems. However, sewer
service is available, or will become available throughout the study area in the future.
Personal communication with county planners and sewer system administrators
indicated that it is not a matter of where sewer service will be offered as all are willing to '
expand along with development, but who will provide it. Water service is currently
available in more areas than sewer is and will continue to expand along with the sewer
service. Since sewer is the more limiting of the two utilities, it is the focus of the following
discussion.
The following information was accurate at the time this report was written, however the
County is going through a planning process to finalize the 2030 Growth Vision Plan for '
the area. This includes discussions of who will provide sewer to specific areas in the
county and how it would be regulated and funded.
City of Fayetteville - PWC ,
Sewer service within the City of Fayetteville is provided by the Public Works Commission
(PWC). The PWC also serves a few select areas in the ICE Update study area that are
outside of the Fayetteville City limits, including Eureka Springs, Andrews Road, Carvers ,
Falls Road, and the northern Ramsey Street area. There are long-range plans to extend
the system to existing developments within the ICE Update study area. Sewer service
extensions outside the service area are possible, but are the responsibility of the ,
individual land developers/owners (personal communication, Tom Cooney, Cumberland
County Public Utilities Director) (Exhibit 6).
Town of Wade - NORCRESS ,
The North Cumberland Regional Sewer System (NORCRESS) was established to
address severe sewage problems posing a health hazard in the Towns of Wade, Falcon,
and Godwin by installing a sewer system in the northern portion of the County. The ,
NORCRESS District received a federal grant in 2002 from the Department of Agriculture
- Rural Utilities Service for the development of sewer systems within the three towns. All
three systems convey wastewater to PWC treatment facilities. The Wade system is the
only one of the three within the ICE Update study area. The Wade system is currently in
place within the town limits (Exhibit 6). Any sewer service extension outside of the
District is the responsibility of the individual land developer/owner. ,
Town of Eastover - Eastover Sanitary District
The portion of the study area east of the Cape Fear River is currently served by septic
systems. However, the Eastover Sanitary District (ESD) was formed by Eastover '
residents in 1992 after the defeat of a countywide bond proposal for more than $30
million in water and sewer improvements. The boundary of the district extends from the

16

I Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

Cape Fear River in the west to the Sampson County line in the east. It extends north to
the Wade Municipal Influence Area (Exhibit 6). The funds committed to this project will
construct common transmission facilities to transport wastewater from the area to PWC
facilities.
Some funds have already been utilized for the installation of sewer. Current sewer lines
extend from the intersection of 1-95 and the Outer Loop, along Dunn Road through the
Town of Eastover, down to Rock Hill Road. No further extension is planned for the next
few years. However, extension is planned out to River Road in future years, with
eventual sewer extension in the entire sanitary district.
The ESD is requesting a minimum lot size of 1 to 2-acres for new development within its
boundaries in order to maintain rural density in the district. However, final say on
allowable lot size for this area resides with the County, who has said that higher density
development may be permitted (personal communication, Will Denning, Cumberland
County Planning Department). Furthermore, `leapfrog' development is permitted in this
area, provided the developer will pay for the full line of sewer extension.
4.3 Zoning
City of Fayetteville
1 The portion of the ICE Update study area to the west of the Cape Fear River is primarily
comprised of the City of Fayetteville. The zoning in this area includes various
commercial and professional uses, manufacturing, planned unit development, and
different residential densities. The majority of this section of the study area is zoned for
residential use at a density of 2-4 dwellings per acre (51%). Residential uses at a density
of 7-13 dwellings per acre, including single and multi-family units, comprise 15% of the
City within the study area. Planned unit development is a residential use that utilizes the
clustering of residences to allow for open space and complementary commercial use.
Twenty percent of this area is zoned for planned unit development. The remainder of this
section of the study area is zoned for commercial, professional, or manufacturing use.
The distribution of these various landuses is uniform throughout this western portion of
the study area.
Cumberland County
Zoning ordinances put forth by Cumberland County apply to all unincorporated areas in
the county, including the Town of Wade. The Town of Eastover has also adopted
Cumberland County zoning ordinances in its area land use plan (see section 4.2.6).
I Within this portion of the study area, 71% is zoned for agriculture, 8% for rural residential
density (less than 2 houses per acre), 6% for planned unit development, 3% for
manufacturing, 3% for residential with up to 9 units per acre (R6 and R6A), and 1% for
commercial. Another 3% of the area is zoned as a conservation district, and is located
primarily within the 100-year floodplain of the Cape Fear River. Less than 0.1% of the
area is zoned for office/institutional use. The remaining area is zoned for various
' residential densities 4%).
The agricultural zone is distributed evenly throughout the portion of the study area east
of the Cape Fear River. All other uses are focused either within or near the Towns of
Eastover or Wade, or just west of the Cape Fear River. All planned unit development
zones appear on the west side of the Cape Fear River.

17

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

? ~ 4
I

0
Fort Bragg 401 Q ,

a

°
1

24 4 - -
i

Exhibit 6. Eastover Sanitary District X0002 - B/C (proposed)
Sewer Services Wade sewer service area /S/ X0002 - D/E (completed)
Fayetteville Outer Loop Fayetteville sewer service area Major roads
ICE Update Report ICE Update study area Streams
TIP No. X0002 _ : Fort Bragg ; County boundary

18

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

4.4 Other Transportation Improvement Projects
' The Fayetteville Metropolitan Area Transportation Improvement Program, updated
biennially, covers a seven-year schedule in concurrence with the North Carolina State
' Transportation Improvement Program. The programs identify a priority list of specific
improvements to transportation facilities including highway construction, bridge
replacement, safety improvements, and transit needs among others (FAMPO, 2007). A
complete list of projects which lead to an increase in roadway capacity as recorded on
' the FAMPO and State TIP lists for Cumberland County are presented in Appendix A.
There are three main projects listed in the TIP that apply to the ICE Update study area.
First, Bragg Boulevard (NC 24/87) will be widened to six lanes from its intersection with
the US 401 Bypass to the proposed Fayetteville Outer Loop, where an interchange will
be constructed. Second, Murchison Road (NC 210) will be widened to six lanes from
Bragg Boulevard in Spring Lake (NC 24-87-210) to Rowan Street, with an interchange at
the Outer Loop. Finally, Shaw Road (SR 1437), Shaw Mill Road (SR 1614), and Rosehill
Road - Stacey Weaver Drive (SR 1615) will be interconnected and widened to multiple
lanes. This improvement project will create a continuous road parallel to the Outer Loop
' from just west of the Ramsey Street to Bragg Boulevard (the X-0002B/C portion).
It should be noted that the Outer Loop is also listed on the TIP and is an integral part of
the planning of other improvement projects.

5 ACTIVITIES CAUSING EFFECTS

' The original ICE study was reviewed to determine if there have been any changes to the
impact causing activities in the study area. The area east of the river was also examined
' to determine impact causing activities.

5.1 Proposed Development and Transportation Projects
' In addition to what is listed in the original ICE study, there are almost 500 housing units
either currently under construction or recently approved for construction east of the Cape
Fear River. No transportation improvements are planned east of the river now that the X-
0002D/E portion of the Outer Loop is complete. A number of improvements are planned
west of the river as described in section 4.4 and Appendix A.
' 5.2 Project Related Environmental Effects

There are no additional environmental effects to those listed in the original ICE due to
the prior completion of the X-0002D/E in the ICE Update study area.
5.3 Project Related Transportation Effects

When compared to the Build scenario, the No Build scenario would cause an increase in
' traffic volumes leading to congestion and diminished traffic carrying capacity on the
streets throughout the North Fayetteville area. The military would not have a direct
connection to 1-95 north of Fayetteville. Convoys would have to travel on the proposed
' southern portion of the Outer Loop or on secondary streets to the Ramsey Street/Outer
Loop interchange. In comparison, the Build scenario would alleviate traffic congestion
and improve accessibility to the constructed portion of the Outer Loop for commuters
and the military.

19

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update ,

New travel patterns from current conditions are likely to occur in the No Build scenario
because of the closing of Bragg Boulevard and the widening of Murchison Road. New '
travel patterns may also occur as other transportation improvement projects are
implemented. The Build scenario would provide an access controlled, higher speed
alternative route that would link the existing Outer Loop and Fort Bragg. Given that the ,
construction of the X-000213/C portion of the Outer Loop is on new location, it is
anticipated that travel patterns across North Fayetteville would be altered. As noted in
the original ICE, the Build alternative will reduce the average daily traffic on many of the '
roads in the study area compared to the No Build (NCDOT 2005).
A simple analysis of travel distance and time was conducted for four routes from the
Town of Wade to the Bragg Boulevard entrance of Fort Bragg. Three are existing routes
and one takes into consideration the completion of the proposed X-000213/C portion of
the Outer Loop. Route 1 is the base route that does not consider any of the Outer Loop
portions. Route 2 and 3 use the completed portion of the Outer Loop (X-0002D/E) while ,
Route 4 uses the entire X-0002 portion of the Outer Loop (D/E and B/C) (Figure 7). An
average speed of 60mph was used for 1-95 and the Outer Loop, 50mph for Business 95,
and 30mph for all other streets with traffic lights.

N
Falco

ring Lake
Wade ,
cuter boo X00p2 DBE
401

~eaVe D,
yet~0
E ,
Pd 'r¢
° Sn deb ~r Eastover
r1ountN
a
m
24
Figure 7. Alternate Travel Routes '
Fayetteville ICE Update Report
Roads Route 1
O ICE Update study area Route 2 ,
Municipal boundaries Route 3
0 1.5 3 6 Miles
Route 4

20

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

The analysis shows that the base route (Route 1) is the longest and requires the largest
amount of travel time. The distance is reduced slightly for Routes 2 and 3 when using
the completed portion of the Outer Loop (X-0002D/E) along with secondary streets
through North Fayetteville. Finally Route 4 provides the route with the least distance and
time needed to complete the trip (Table 4). This example shows that the Outer Loop will
reduce travel distance and time.
I Table 4. Travel Distance/Time Analysis

Route Distance' Travel Time
(miles) (minutes)
1: 1-95 to Business 95 to NC210/24 (Bragg Boulevard) 22.7 31.9
2:1-95 to Outer Loop (X-0002D/E) to 401 Bypass to 20.6 31.3
' Bragg Blvd
3:1-95 to Outer Loop (X-0002D/E) to Stacy Weaver Dr 19 28
to Shaw Rd to Bragg Blvd

4:1-95 to Outer Loop (X-0002D/E & B/C) to Bragg Blvd 17.2 17.9
interchange

5.4 Potential for Project Related Induced Development

' Project related development has been projected and depicted on a map of the study
area for the Build and No Build scenarios (see section 7).

' 6 POTENTIAL INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS

The evaluation of factors that may indicate a need for additional analysis as discussed in
the original ICE study have not changed significantly with the expansion in study area
and therefore are not readdressed in this ICE Update.

' 7 ANALYSIS OF INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS

' This chapter will compare and contrast the Build and No Build scenarios for the ICE
Update study area. An existing land use layer was created first to serve as a baseline
view of the study area. No Build and Build land use scenarios were developed using the
categories established for the existing land use layer. The scenarios were based on the
FAMPO population and housing data, zoning, future land use maps, and personal
communication with local planners. The BRAC report was referred to when creating the
scenarios however, as noted in section 2, the FAMPO predictions are in line with the
' BRAC population and housing projections. The existing land use layer was used as a
base for both scenarios. All existing land areas that had been classified as developed
were put in their same categories in the future scenarios. It was assumed that wetlands
depicted on the existing land use map would remain wetlands. Buffers were assumed to
remain intact and to maintain the same land cover as identified in the existing land use
layer. Conservation areas and parks remained undeveloped for both scenarios.

21

i

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 ,
ICE Analysis Update

7.1 Existing Land Use
Existing land use data was unavailable in GIS format for the study area. The County did ,
have extensive data on the location of all buildings in the study area. The data is used
for 911 purposes and was used by FAMPO staff when creating the housing unit
projections. This data, coupled with parcel data, 2006 aerial photography, water '
resource data, and field reconnaissance were used to create the existing land use/land
cover layer (Exhibit 8). Land use categories are presented in Table 5.
Residential land uses were divided into category based on parcel size. Residential lots ,
over five acres in size were examined using aerial photography to determine the
dominant land use of the parcel (agriculture, forest, open). The available County data
called any non-residential building commercial regardless of use. Parcel data was used ,
to divide these commercial buildings into two categories: office/institutional/light
industrial and commercial/heavy industrial.
The Division of Coastal Management wetland data and the USGS 1:24,000 water body '
data was combined with the existing land use layer. After combining the layers, the
areas containing wetlands or water bodies were reviewed to determine if development
had occurred there. All non-developed parcels were assigned to the wetland or water
categories while developed parcels were not reassigned. All wetlands under an acre in
size were deleted. The streams in the three water supply watersheds were given a 30-
foot buffer as required by the State regulations. The buffers were combined with the
existing land use and assigned to the forest, agriculture, or open categories based on '
land cover determined using aerial photography.
Table 5. Land Use Categories and Density '
Land
Land Use Category Use Density
Code
Residential Multi-family RMF townhouses and apartments, <0.17 acres per
dwelling unit
Residential Very High Density RVH 0.17 - 0.25 acres per dwelling unit
Residential High Density RHD 0.25 - 0.5 acres per dwelling unit '
Residential Medium High Density RMH 0.5 - 1 acres per dwelling unit
Residential Medium Low Density RML 1 - 1.5 acres per dwelling unit
Residential Low Density RLD 1.5 - 2 acres per dwelling unit '
Residential Very Low Density RVL 2 - 5 acres per dwelling unit
Commercial/Heavy Industrial COM N/A
Office/Institutional/Li ht Industrial OFF N/A
Road w/ right-of-way) ROAD N/A
Barren Land BARE N/A
Golf Courses GOLF N/A
Open/Herbaceous OPEN N/A
Forest FOR N/A
Agriculture AGR N/A
Wetland WET N/A
Water WAT N/A ,

22 ,

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

' The existing land use layer shows in general, the study area to the west of the Cape
Fear River is densely developed. Field investigation revealed many under-utilized
parcels with abandoned buildings and dwellings in a state of disrepair. However,
development is ongoing in some of the newer subdivisions. To the east of the Cape Fear
River, the study area land use consists mainly of agriculture and forested land with
scattered houses along rural roads. One large subdivision is currently under construction
in this area near the river. The Towns of Wade and Eastover both contain small
residential areas with very limited commercial properties. One new development was
under construction within the Town of Wade. In the southeast corner of the study area,
east of 1-95, field reconnaissance revealed new low-density residential housing scattered
throughout the area.
7.2 Build Scenario
' The Build land use scenario was developed first, as most of the planning documents for
this area since the late 1980's, including the FAMPO Population and Economic Study,
have been produced under the assumption that the Outer Loop would be constructed.
' The FAMPO study was the main basis for the Build scenario. Other sources of
information included sewer service availability, county and area land use plans and
zoning, the BRAC joint land use report, other roadway improvement projects, and field
reconnaissance of land use patterns. The FAMPO study incorporates much of this
information including Fort Bragg related population increases. Several assumptions were
also made for the development of the future Build scenario, including:
' • Sewer availability is not a limitation in the study area, and sewer districts do
not impose minimum lot size requirements on development.
• Development within the 100-year floodplain is allowed unless it has been
conserved as a protected area.
' The FAMPO study includes a description of how the housing and work force projections
were calculated. FAMPO staff looked at existing housing in each TAZ and how much
would be required to accommodate projected populations. The amount of developable
land available in each TAZ and planned roadway projects were taken into consideration
when determining projected housing numbers. The result is a prediction of an increase
' in housing units and workforce by TAZ. The TAZ housing and workforce predictions
were utilized to determine future development in the study area, while the densities of
the development were determined using area land use studies and zoning. For example,
if the future land use map indicates "one-acre residential" and 100 additional houses are
' predicted for the TAZ, 100 acres of land would be assigned to the Residential Medium
Low Density. Field reconnaissance was performed in order to determine where to place
the predicted development in each TAZ. Areas suitable for potential commercial
development, residential neighborhoods that could be easily expanded, open area
available for development, and neighborhoods with redevelopment potential were noted.
From the field reconnaissance, it was determined that in-fill development in many of the
' older neighborhoods east of the river was not likely to occur as many have not been
maintained and there is an abundance of available developable lands to establish new
neighborhoods. Therefore, the Build scenario east of the river was developed assuming
' very little in-fill of these older neighborhoods. Future housing was first placed in the
handful of developments under construction and then in large undeveloped areas.
Increases in workforce were predicted along 1-95. The zoning and future land use map

23

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 ,
ICE Analysis Update

both predict commercial and industrial development in this area and at the interchange ,
on River Road. To accommodate these predictions, commercial land was added in this
area along 1-95 and in a small area around the River Road interchange.
To the west of the river, there is less available land for residential and commercial ,
development. Projected housing and commercial needs lead to full build out in many
TAZs. In the northern part of the study area there are a number of new developments
that will continue to expand. '
Commercial and other non-residential development is expected at the three Outer Loop
interchanges west of the river including McArthur Road, Murchison Road, and Bragg
Boulevard. Development potential is limited at the McArthur Road interchange as it is
bound on one side by Fort Bragg. The Build scenario depicts commercial growth on
almost all undeveloped parcels along these three roads were supported by zoning. In
addition, it was assumed commercial development would replace some of the older
residential units, mainly mobile home parks, located adjacent to the proposed
interchanges at McArthur Road and Murchison Road.
The proposed roadway is depicted on the Build scenario (Exhibit 9). The roadway will
displace a number of residential units near McArthur Road and Murchison Road.
7.3 No-Build Scenario '
The No-Build scenario for the study area is almost identical to the Build scenario (Exhibit
10 and Table 6). The following discussion provides the rational for the differences and
similarities between the two scenarios. In general, it should be noted that the projected ,
growth rate for the area over the next 30 years is low.
To the east of river over a quarter of the projected future housing is already under
construction or part of a multi-phase development. The already completed X-0002D/E ,
section of the Outer Loop provides a river crossing and access to Ramsey Street, a
major artery. The Eastover sanitary district will provide sewer throughout the area which
will facilitate development. Eastover will also be desirable because of its location at I-
95/Business 95 interchange.
New developments along River Road have two routes into Fayetteville: 1-95 Business (to
downtown) and the X-0002D/E section of the Outer Loop. Limited commercial ,
development is likely to occur at the River Road interchange with X-0002D/E regardless
of the completion of X-0002B/C.
The BRAC report indicated three areas where growth was expected to occur because of '
the Base realignment. One of these areas, Eastover, is located within the ICE Update
study area. The BRAC report predicts Eastover will be more popular once it is connected
to the base. The presence of the river was a commuting constraint to Fort Bragg and
north Fayetteville and the completion of X-0002D/E has already provided improved
access for commuter populations. Even without completion of the remaining sections of
Outer Loop, there are several routes between Ramsey Street, where X-0002D/E ends,
,
and Murchison Road, an entrance to Fort Bragg. These include Country Club Drive (part
of Route 2 Table 4) and Stacy Weaver Dr / Rosehill Road / Shaw Mill Road (part of
Route 3 Table 4).
To the west of the river, industrial and commercial expansion, as predicted along
Ramsey Street north of the interchange, could move forward since X-0002D/E provides
easy access to 1-95. The area around the Andrews Road/Ramsey Street intersection is

24 '

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
' ICE Analysis Update

' already seeing new growth including single and multi-family dwellings and new
commercial growth.
Along McArthur Road near the proposed interchange, land use changes from current
' conditions will most likely not occur if the Outer Loop is not constructed. These parcels
will remain undeveloped, as they are not suitable for residential development due to their
location in designated military noise sensitive areas. Further south, the intersection of
' McArthur Road and Ramsey Street will continue to see commercial growth since
Ramsey is a major artery.
As noted in the original ICE study, Murchison Road is a favorable area for development
due to its proximity to Fort Bragg and the expected increase in traffic once the road is
widened and Bragg Boulevard is closed. Commercial development will most likely
replace the old mobile home parks along Murchison Road regardless of the Outer Loop
' since it will become the main artery from Spring Lake to Fayetteville. Bragg Boulevard is
also expected to see future commercial development due to its proximity to the base,
despite its partial closure. While it will no longer be a connector to Spring Lake, it will
continue to provide access to the base.
7.4 Scenario Comparisons
Table 5 contains a summary of the acreage associated with each land use category for
the Build and No Build scenarios. The acreage has been divided between the area to the
east of the Cape Fear River and to the west due to their differences in land use patterns
and transportation infrastructure. Blue indicates a loss in acreage in any given category
' for while red indicates an increase. There is no change between the Build and No Build
scenarios east of the Cape Fear River. To the west, the most significant change is the
increase in the road/ROW category associated with construction of the Outer Loop.
' There is a small increase in commercial and multi-family land uses. There is a small
decrease in many of the other developed categories, as the proposed corridor will
require the removal of a number of dwellings. In order to maintain consistency between
TAZ housing projections and this study's land use calculations, additional dwellings were
' added to account for this loss in the affected TAZs. As per zoning in these TAZs, these
additional dwellings fell under the multi-family land use category. This accounts for a
majority of the increase in multi-family land use between the No Build to Build scenarios.
' The results of the land use analysis demonstrate that between the Build and No Build
scenarios, the presence of the Outer Loop causes more direct effects than indirect.

25

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 '
ICE Analysis Update

Table 6. Build and No Build Scenarios Land Use (acres)
Land Use East of Ca a Fear West of Ca a Fear Total
No Build Build No Build Build No Build Build ,
Agriculture 9962 9962 74 74 10036 10036
Barren 0 0 15 15 15 15
Commercial/Heavy Industrial 673 673 1305 1358 1979 2032 ,
Forest 12440 12440 4056 3930 16495 16370
Golf Course 0 0 235 235 235 235
Multi-family 5 5 592 594 597 599
Office/Institutional/Light ,
Industrial 98 98 439 436 538 535
Open 3020 3020 893 819 3914 3839
Residential, high density 264 264 2792 2782 3055 3046 '
Residential, low density 400 400 119 113 519 513
Residential, medium high
density 779 779 827 821 1606 1601
Residential, medium low
density 1350 1350 191 182 1541 1532
Road/ROW 1537 1537 1365 1777 2902 3314
Residential, very hi h density 43 43 987 975 1030 1018
Residential, very low density 1458 1458 207 193 1664 1651
Water 580 580 369 367 949 947
Wetland 4560 4560 190 184 4750 4745 '
'Fort Bragg, not included in this analysis, accounts for 24% of the study area.

26 '

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update
t

? 401 a

-
Jl

Bra:gg
4 A, ,L

u.
~1,7~rf
r

41
Eastover ; a /

7
~ Fa e

r9 l
ff 1

01

0 .5~? 1 2° es I i

Exhibit 8. Current Land Use Road/ROW Residential high Golf course ® Water Major roads
Fayetteville Outer Loop Commercial Residential medium high Barren Wetland Streams

ICE Update Report Office Residential medium low Agriculture Ft. Bragg - developed* a ICE Update study area
' - Multi-family Residential low Open Ft. Bragg - undeveloped* Municipal boundary
TIP No. X0002 °
Residential very high Residential very low ~ Forest Fort Bragg
County boundary
r
*
Land use within the Fort Bragg Reservation was not determined for this study ry da y
' 27

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 '
ICE Analysis Update

?~A~ p

401

C, 7, e
A Wade w

t
Br
g9
;fig a err. ~

i

0
Eastover ~ ~ ,

Fa etfeville ~ I
r e -

\ i
1
V o
` -
0 5 ~ 2 es ~ • ~ ,
X-0002 B&C - Residential very high Residential very low . Forest Major roads
Exhibit 9. Future Build Land Use - Road/ROW Residential high - Golf course Water Streams '
Fayetteville Outer Loop - Commercial= Residential medium high Barren Wetland ICE Update study area
ICE Update Report '
Office Residential medium low Agriculture Ft. Bragg -developed` Municipal boundary
TIP No. X0002 ® Multi-family Residential low Open Ft. Bragg - undeveloped* Fort Bragg '
* , County boundary Aw`
Land use within the Fort Bragg Reservation was not determined for this study L--_j

28 '

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

b .
r p
, _ ° a01

1-
1

r
Bra'99

W y f
G'
/ n
? a h
r
i
.
~ ~ Eastover ~ e ,
1 ~ ~ ~ • fir. ~ ~ 3ti~
1 V F
e
InR
4 b'

? \ IF I``~/~ . 9~ m
0 .5 2° es
i0

- Road/ROW - Residential high - Golf course Water Major roads
' Exhibit 10. Future No Build Land Use -Commercial Residential medium high Barren Wetland Streams
Fayetteville Outer Loop office Residential medium low Agriculture Ft. Bragg - developed' ICE Update study area

ICE Update Report - Multi-family Residential low Open Ft. Bragg - undeveloped' Municipal boundary
TIP No. X0002 - Residential very high Residential very low - Forest ; _ . Fort Bragg
'Land use within the Fort Bragg Reservation was not determined for this study County boundary

' 29

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update
1

' 8 EVALUATION OF ANALYSIS RESULTS

8.1 Indirect Effects

' As noted in the original ICE study, the construction of the Fayetteville Outer Loop will
improve overall mobility in the Fayetteville area. More specifically, the X-0002B/C
section will relieve traffic congestion in a densely developed part of Fayetteville. The
' construction of this portion will also reduce travel time for commuters traveling from new
developments east of the Cape Fear River. As noted previously, the X-0002B/C section
along with the already completed X-0002D/E section will provide Fort Bragg with direct
' access to 1-95.
The activity nodes at the six interchanges (three proposed and three completed) will
' attract commercial and non-residential development. While an increase in population is
anticipated on the feeder roads west of the river, this can be attributed to normal growth
and infill in an urbanized area. The proposed X-0002B/C corridor construction (Build
scenario) will lead to a slight decrease in lower density residential housing units and an
' increase in higher density compared to the No Build scenario due to the loss of land
associated with the proposed roadway construction. To the east of the river, growth as
an indirect impact of the construction of the X-0002D/E section is already occurring. This
' section of the Outer Loop created a new bridge crossing and a new artery into the City of
Fayetteville and Fort Bragg from 1-95.
These indirect effects are anticipated to be in the form of complementary land
' development including residential development east of the river and limited commercial
development at the interchanges. Redevelopment is possible in the area surrounding
Fort Bragg but it should not result in an increase of impervious surfaces, as the existing
' development is already high density.
This study concurs with the original study conclusion which states:
' As the construction of the Outer Loop has been anticipated since the late
1980s and has been programmed into land use plans and other local
regulations and local officials are targeting development for the major
' feeder roads in anticipation of the construction of the loop, no further
study or analysis is recommended at this time (NCDOT 2005).
' 8.2 Cumulative Effects
The cumulative effects as noted in the original ICE study remain unchanged. While the
original report stated that the entire Outer Loop may constitute a cumulative impact of
' the study area, it also noted that current laws and regulations "will support appropriate
land development and in turn minimize any development-related effects" (NCDOT 2005).
It is important to note that the completed X-0002D/E section is one of the main drivers of
these cumulative effects as it opened up a new area to development by removing the
natural constraint of the Cape Fear River and creating a new artery into the City of
Fayetteville. The U-2519 portion of the Outer Loop is also a driver of cumulative effects.
' The original ICE reported that growth around that section is high regardless of
completion of the U-2519 portion. The X-0002B/C portion of the Outer Loop acts as a
connector for these two growth stimulating pieces. Further, the X-0002B/C portion of the
' Outer Loop is located in one of the more developed areas of the entire proposed

31

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002 '
ICE Analysis Update '

corridor. Finally Fort Bragg is the main employer in the county and growth related to the
base can be attributed to much of the population growth in the county. For these reasons '
the X-00028/C segment should not be considered a primary driver of growth or land use
impacts in the region.

32

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

9 REFERENCES

BRAC 2008. Preliminary Impact Assessment for the Fort Bragg Region. BRAC Regional
Task Force, Fayetteville NC.

Cappiella, K. and Brown, K. 2001. Impervious Cover and Land Use in the Chesapeake
Bay Watershed. Watershed Protection Techniques. Ellicot City, MD.

Cumberland County Joint Planning Board (CCJPB) 1996. Cumberland County 2010
' Land Use Plan. Cumberland County Joint Planning Board, Cumberland County,
NC.
Cumberland County Joint Planning Board (CCJPB) 2000. Eastover Study Area Detailed
t Land Use Plan. Cumberland County Joint Planning Board, Cumberland County,
NC.

Cumberland County Joint Planning Board (CCJPB) 2002. North Fayetteville Area Land
Use Plan. Cumberland County Joint Planning Board, Fayetteville Planning
Commission, Cumberland County, NC.
' Cumberland County Joint Planning Board (CCJPB) 2003. Wade Study Area Detailed
Land Use Plan. Cumberland County Joint Planning Board, Cumberland County,
' NC.

RLUAC 2008. Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Joint Land Use Study Update. Prepared
for the BRAC Regional Task Force. Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Regional
' Land Use Advisory Commision.

FAMPO 2007. Transportation Improvement Program 2007-2013. Fayetteville Area
' Metropolitan Planning Organization.
FAMPO 2008. 2006-2035 Population and Economics Study for the Fayetteville
' Urbanized Area and Cumberland County. Fayetteville Metropolitan Planning
Organization.

' Hunt, B. and A. Lucas. 2003. Development of a Nutrient export Model for New
Developments in the Tar-Pamlico River Basin. A study completed by NC State
University, Biological and Agricultural Engineering for the NC Department of
' Environment and Natural Resources.
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) 2004. NCDOT/NCDENR Indirect
and Cumulative Impact Assessment Guidance: Integrated NEPA/SEPA/402
' Eight-Step ICE Assessment Process.

North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). 2005. Fayetteville Outer Loop
' Indirect and Cumulative Impact Analysis: Cumberland, Hoke, & Robeson
Counties T.I.P. Project Number U-2519/X-2B&C. NCDOT Project Development
and Environmental Analysis Branch, Raleigh, NC.

' 33

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update ,

North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation (NCDPR). 2007. North Carolina
Division of Parks and Recreation 2006-2007 Annual Report. '
http://www.ncparks.gov/About/docs/2007-annual_rpt.pdf

North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). 2005a. October 2005 Cape Fear '
River Basinwide Water Quality Plan. NC Department of Environment and Natural
Resources Basinwide Planning Program.
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/basinwide/draftCPFApri12005.htm
North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). 2008a. North Carolina Draft 2008
303(d) List. http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/tmdI/documents/B.Draft2008303dList.pdf

North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). 2008b. Universal Stormwater
Program: Setback Requirement.
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/su/usmp_SP_setback.htm '

North Carolina National Heritage Program (NCNHP) 2008. Heritage Data.
http://www.ncnhp.org/Pages/heritagedata.htmi
Soil Conservation Service (SCS) 1986. Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds.
Technical Release 55. Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Washington, DC.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 2001. PLOAD version 3.0 An
ArcView GIS Tool to Calculate Nonpoint Sources of Pollution in Watershed and '
Stormwater Projects. User's Manual. US EPA, Washington, DC.

United States Census Bureau 2006. Summary File 1. http://www.census.gov/ '
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1984. Soil Survey of Cumberland and
Hoke Counties, North Carolina. Soil Conservation Service. '

United States Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2006. Endangered Species, Threatened
Species, and Federal Species of Concern - Cumberland County. United States ,
Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. http://www.fws.gov/nc-
es/es/countyfr.htmi

Wu, J.S., C.J. Allan, W.L. Saunders, and J.B. Evett. 1998. Characterization and pollutant ,
loading estimation for highway runoff. Journal of Environmental Engineering
124(7): 584-592.

34 ,

' Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update

10 APPENDIX

10.1 Cumberland County TIP Projects
' TIP Number County Description

R-2303" Cumberland East of 1-95 to 1-40 at Warsaw - four lanes divided,
art on new location
' R-2562* Cumberland Elizabethtown Bypass to multi-lanes at 1-95 - widen to
multi-lanes
R-2609 Cumberland Multi-lanes north of Fayetteville to Fuquay-Varina -
' widen to multilanes includes B-3153
U-2519 Robeson/ Outer Loop, 1-95 south of Fayetteville to east of NC
Cumberland 24-87 Bra Boulevard - freeway on new location
' U-2710 Cumberland SR 1403 (Reilly Road), SR 3569 to SR 1400 (Cliffdale
Road - widen to multi-lanes
U-2809 Cumberland SR 1139 (Legion Road), SR 1007 (Owen Drive) to SR
1131 Camden Road - widen to multi-lanes
U-2810 Cumberland SR 1003 (Camden Road), NC 59 (Hope Mills Road) to
SR 1007 Owen Drive - widen to multi-lanes
' U-2811 Cumberland SR 1219 (Ireland Drive), SR 1141 (Cumberland Road)
to US 401 Raeford Road - widen to multi-lanes
U-2912 Cumberland Owen Drive Extension, 1-95 Business to NC 87 -
' multi-lanes on new location
SR 1003 (Camden Road), Fayetteville Outer Loop (U-
U-3422 Cumberland 2519) to NC 59 (Hope Mills Road) - widen roadway to
' multi-lanes
U-3423 Cumberland NC 24/87 (Bragg Boulevard), US 401 Bypass to
proposed Fayetteville Outer Loo - widen to six lanes
U-3424 Cumberland SR 1410-SR 1411 (Bounce Road), US 401 to SR
1400 Cliffdale Road - widen to multi-lanes
SR 1363 (Elk Mill Road), SR 1132 (Legion Road) to
U-3849 Cumberland US 301/1-95 Business - widen to five lanes with curb
' and utter
U-4403 Cumberland US 401 (Ramsey Street), NC 24/210 (Grove Street) to
SR 1710 Slocomb Road - widen to multi-lanes
' U-4404 Cumberland SR 1400 (Cliffdale Road), McPherson Church Road to
SR 1404 (Morganton Road - widen to multi-lanes
US 401 (Raeford Road), east of US 401 Bypass
' U-4405 Cumberland (Skibo Road) to SR 1007 (All American Freeway) -
widen to multi-lanes
SR 1007 (All American Freeway), SR 1151 (Owen
' U-4414 Cumberland Drive) to Gruber Road - add an additional lane in
each direction
U-4415 Cumberland NC 53/210 (Cedar Creek Road), 1-95 eastward to NC
' 53/210 Junction - widen to multi-lanes
SR 1141 (Cumberland Road), NC 59 (Hope Mills
U-4421 Cumberland Road) to Hope Mills Bypass (U-620) - widen to multi-
lanes
35

Fayetteville Outer Loop X-0002
ICE Analysis Update '

TIP Number Count Description
SR 1592 (Glensford Road), US 401 Business '
U-4422 Cumberland (Raeford Road) to SR 1400 (Cliffdale Road) - widen
to 5 lanes, art on new location
U-4425 Cumberland Blanton Road Extension, Sycamore Dairy Road to NC '
24/87 Bra Boulevard - multi-lanes on new location
NC 210 (Murchison Road), Proposed Fayetteville
U-4444 Cumberland Outer Loop (X-2) to NC 24-87-210 (Bragg Boulevard)
in Spring Lake - widen to six-lanes
U-4706 Cumberland SR 1131 (Cameron Road), SR 1132 (Legion Road) to
NC 59 Main Street - widen to multi-lanes ,
U-4709 Cumberland SR 1112 (Rockfish Road), SR 1115 (Golfview Road)
to NC 59 Main Street - widen to four lanes divided
U-4710 Cumberland SR 1115 (Golfview Road), SR 1112 (Rockfish Road)
to NC 59 Main Street - widen to four lanes divided
SR 1404 (Morganton Road), Sycamore Dairy Road to
U-4756 Cumberland SR 1596 (Glensford Drive) - add lane in each direction
and replace structure No. 228 '
U-4761 Cumberland SR 1149 (Boone Trail), SR 1007(Owen Drive) to SR
1141 Cumberland Road -widen to multi-lanes
NC 210 (Murchison Road), Rowan Street to the ,
U-5015 Cumberland proposed Fayetteville Outer Loop (X-2) - widen to
multi-lanes
SR 1437 (Shaw Road) - SR 1614 (Shaw Mill Road) - '
U-5101 Cumberland SR 1615 (Rosehill Road - Stacey Weaver Drive) -
interconnect and widen to multi-lanes
U-620 Cumberland Hope Mills Bypass, SR 1141 (Bingham Drive) to SR '
1363 Elk Mill Road - multi-lanes on new location
X-2* Cumberland West of NC 210 (Murchison Road) to 1-95 - freeway
on new location with structure over Cape Fear River '
1-95 Business (Ex 68) north of Fayetteville in
Cumberland/ Cumberland County to 1-40 (Ex 81) north of Benson in
1-4745 Harnett/ Johnston Count - rehabilitate pavement and ,
Johnston structures, widen and upgrade interchanges and add
additional lanes
SR 1141 (Bingham Drive), proposed Hope Mills
U-3311 Cumberland Bypass to US 401 (Raeford Road) - widen to multi- ,
lanes

36