20170359 Ver 3_2023 ENG 4345 Form - Grandfather GCC 20240726_signed_20240823

U.S.Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Form Approved-
APPLICATION FOR DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY PERMIT OMB No.0710-0003
For use of this form,see 33 CFR 325.The proponent agency is CECW-CO-R. Expires:08-31-2023
The public reporting burden for this collection of information,OMB Control Number 0710-0003,is estimated to average 11 hours per response,including the time
for reviewing instructions,searching existing data sources,gathering and maintaining the data needed,and completing and reviewing the collection of
information.Send comments regarding the burden estimate or burden reduction suggestions to the Department of Defense,Washington Headquarters Services,
at whs.mc-alex.esd.mbx,[e-mail] should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law,no person shall
be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.PLEASE DO NOT
RETURN YOUR APPLICATION TO THE ABOVE EMAIL.
PRIVACY ACT STATEMENT
Authorities:Rivers and Harbors Act,Section 10,33 USC 403;Clean Water Act,Section 404,33 USC 1344;Marine Protection,Research,and Sanctuaries Act,
Section 103,33 USC 1413;Regulatory Programs of the Corps of Engineers;Final Rule 33 CFR 320-332.Principal Purpose:Information provided on this form
will be used in evaluating the application for a permit.Routine Uses:This information may be shared with the Department of Justice and other federal,state,and
local government agencies,and the public and may be made available as part of a public notice as required by Federal law.Submission of requested information
is voluntary,however,if information is not provided the permit application cannot be evaluated nor can a permit be issued.One set of original drawings or good
reproducible copies which show the location and character of the proposed activity must be attached to this application(see sample drawings and/or instructions)
and be submitted to the District Engineer having jurisdiction over the location of the proposed activity.An application that is not completed in full will be returned.
System of Record Notice(SORN). The information received is entered into our permit tracking database and a SORN has been completed(SORN#A1145b)
and maybe accessed at the following website: http://dpcld.defense.gov/Privacy/SORNsindex/DOD-wide-SORN-Article-View/Article/57Ol l5/al l45b-ce.aspx
(ITEMS 1 THRU 4 TO BE FILLED BY THE CORPS)
1. APPLICATION NO. 2. FIELD OFFICE CODE 3. DATE RECEIVED 4. DATE APPLICATION COMPLETE
(ITEMS BELOW TO BE FILLED BYAPPLICAN7)
5. APPLICANT'S NAME 8. AUTHORIZED AGENT'S NAME AND TITLE(agent is not required)
First-Alan Middle- Last-Shuping First-Keven Middle- Last-Duerr
Company- Grandfather Golf&Country Club Company- Hazen and Sawyer
E-mail [e-mail] E-mail [e-mail]
6. APPLICANT'S ADDRESS: 9. AGENT'S ADDRESS:
Address- 2120 Highway 105 South Address- 4011 WestChase Blvd
City- Linville State- NC Zip-28646 Country-USA City- Raleigh State- NC Zip-27607 Country-USA
7. APPLICANT'S PHONE NOs.WAREA CODE 10. AGENTS PHONE NOs.WAREA CODE
a. Residence b. Business c. Fax a. Residence b. Business c. Fax
[phone] [phone]
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION
11. 1 hereby authorize, Keven Duerr to act in my behalf as my agent in the processing of this application and to furnish,upon request,
supplemental information in support of this permit application.
2024-08-23
SIGNATURE OF APPLICANT DATE
NAME,LOCATION,AND DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT OR ACTIVITY
12. PROJECT NAME OR TITLE(see instructions)
Loch Dornie Maintenance Dredging Plan
13. NAME OF WATERBODY,IF KNOWN(if applicable) 14. PROJECT STREET ADDRESS(if applicable)
Linville River Address 2120 Highway 105 South
15. LOCATION OF PROJECT
Latitude:-N 36.1012 Longitude:-W -81.8528 City- Linville State- NC Zip- 28646
16. OTHER LOCATION DESCRIPTIONS,IF KNOWN(see instructions)
State Tax Parcel ID 185600862336 Municipality City of Linville
Section- Township- Range-
ENG FORM 4345, SEP 2022 PREVIOUS EDITIONS ARE OBSOLETE. Page 1 of 3

17. DIRECTIONS TO THE SITE
From Asheville,take I-40 east to exit 72 for US-70 toward Old Fort/Mountain Gateway Museum.Turn left onto Catawba River Road. Turn
right onto US-70 east. In 10.2 miles,turn left onto US 221 north. Follow US 221 north for 20.9 miles,and turn right onto NC 183 south.In
4.5 miles,turn left onto NC-181 north.In 3.3 miles,take a slight right onto US-221 north.In 3.6 miles,turn left onto NC-105 north.Continue
2.2 miles,and the Grandfather Golf&Country Club entrance will be on the right.
18. Nature of Activity(Description of project,include all features)
See attached Additional Information Document.
19. Project Purpose(Describe the reason or purpose of the project,see instructions)
See attached Additional Information Document.
USE BLOCKS 20-23 IF DREDGED AND/OR FILL MATERIAL IS TO BE DISCHARGED
20. Reason(s)for Discharge
21. Type(s)of Material Being Discharged and the Amount of Each Type in Cubic Yards:
Type Type Type
Amount in Cubic Yards Amount in Cubic Yards Amount in Cubic Yards
22. Surface Area in Acres of Wetlands or Other Waters Filled(see instructions)
Acres
or
Linear Feet
23. Description of Avoidance,Minimization,and Compensation(see instructions)
See attached Additional Information Document.
ENG FORM 4345,SEP 2022 Page 2 of 3

24. Is Any Portion of the Work Already Complete? ❑Yes o No IF YES,DESCRIBE THE COMPLETED WORK
25. Addresses of Adjoining Property Owners,Lessees,Etc.,Whose Property Adjoins the Waterbody(if more than can be entered here,please attach a supplemental list).
a.Address-
City- State- Zip-
b.Address-
City- State- Zip-
c.Address-
City- State- Zip-
d.Address-
City- State- Zip-
e.Address-
City- State- Zip-
26. List of Other Certificates or Approvals/Denials received from other Federal,State,or Local Agencies for Work Described in This Application.
AGENCY TYPE APPROVAL" IDENTIFICATION DATE APPLIED DATE APPROVED DATE DENIED
NUMBER
Would include but is not restricted to zoning,building,and flood plain permits
27. Application is hereby made for permit or permits to authorize the work described in this application. I certify that this information in this application is
complete and accurate. I further certify that I possess the authority to undertake the work described herein or am acting as the duly authorized agent of the
applicant.
w--� - - 2024-08-23 � � �� 2024-08-23
SIGNATURE OF APPLICANT DATE SIGNATURE OF AGENT DATE
The Application must be signed by the person who desires to undertake the proposed activity(applicant)or it may be signed by a duly
authorized agent if the statement in block 11 has been filled out and signed.
18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides that:Whoever,in any manner within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States
knowingly and willfully falsifies,conceals,or covers up any trick,scheme,or disguises a material fact or makes any false,fictitious or fraudulent
statements or representations or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing same to contain any false,fictitious or fraudulent
statements or entry,shall be fined not more than$10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years or both.
ENG FORM 4345,SEP 2022 Page 3 of 3

Additional Information Document
Grandfather Golf & Country Club — Maintenance Dredging Program
Project Description:
The proposed project is located within the Grandfather Golf and Country Club(GG&CC),which is located
along Highway 105 South,southwest of Boone,and north of Linville. The project is located within parcels
owned by GG&CC. Within the project area,jurisdictional waters of the US consist of the Linville River and an
impoundment of the Linville River, herein referred to as Loch Dornie or the lake. The Linville River, including
Loch Dornie, is a designated public mountain trout water, and GG&CC stocks the waterbodies with trout.
The proposed project consists of a multi-year approach to routine maintenance of the lake. Eleven (11)areas
within the lake, herein referred to as Areas A-K and identified on the Proposed Project Map(attached), have
been identified as locations of accumulation in need of routine dredging. The areal extent of the eleven areas
in the lake are based on a bathymetric survey of the lake that was performed in 2024 and are provided in the
table below. Routine dredging is anticipated to occur on a cyclical basis,with dredging of individual areas
occurring on a four to five(4-5)year rotation. For each dredging iteration,the individual areas needing
attention and maintenance will be identified and the likely extent and volume of material to be removed will
be calculated.
Location Acres(2024 bathymetric survey data)
Area A 0.10 acre
Area B 0.36 acre
Area C 0.14 acre
Area D 0.28 acre
Area E 0.27 acre
Area F 0.48 acre
Area G 0.25 acre
Area H 0.16 acre
Area 1 0.25 acre
Area J 0.73 acre
Area K 0.38 acre
The first dredging iteration is planned to occur January through April 2025. The areas to be included in the
2025 effort are Areas A, D, E,and F. Based on bathymetric survey and sediment analysis,the area to be
dredged is approximately 1.13 acres,and the volume of material to be removed is approximately 3,714 cubic
yards. Future dredging iterations shall include those areas that are determined to be in need of removal of
accumulated material during the year prior to dredging.
Material removal from the lakebed is proposed to be performed by hydraulic suction dredging. To
accommodate the hydraulic method,drawdown of Loch Dornie will not be necessary. Dredge spoils will be
pumped to a dewatering area in which a geotextile bag will be used for dewatering. The dewatering area will
be situated in an upland area adjacent to Loch Dornie to allow for filtered water to be returned to the lake via
overland flow. The material will be allowed 90 to 120 days of dewatering time and will then be removed from
the GG&CC site. The material will be hauled to and disposed of in an existing,offsite,debris disposal area,
which is owned by GG&CC and is situated entirely in upland areas. Once the dewatering area is
1

decommissioned,the area will be graded,seeded to match the current vegetative cover,and covered with
straw to facilitate seed germination.
Erosion and sediment control measures will be implemented and maintained in good working condition
throughout the construction period. Measures shall include turbidity curtains,sandbag diversion dike, and
minimization of ground disturbance. Turbidity curtains will be deployed immediately downgradient of each
individual dredge area and where needed to trap potential sediments associated with overland flow from the
dewatering bag. For areas D, E, and F,there is a secondary turbidity curtain that provides a second line of
sediment trapping. Turbidity curtains for the individual areas to be dredged in 2025 and the dewatering area
are collectively depicted on sheet C012. Ground disturbance will be minimized by utilizing existing roadways
and paved paths for access to the work area. The sandbag dike will be implemented,when appropriate,to
provide a clean water diversion and divert flows away from certain dredge areas, including areas D, E,and F.
GG&CC has developed a Turbidity Management Plan(the Plan),attached,which will apply to the proposed
project activities. The Plan specifies monitoring protocols as well as a response and action protocol to be
implemented should turbidity levels rise above the standards for trout waters and the turbidity of waters
entering the project area. Strict adherence to the Plan is a top priority for GG&CC and the regulatory
agencies.
The work areas associated with the maintenance dredging efforts are located in surface waters and uplands.
No tree removals are necessary to accomplish the proposed lake maintenance. Equipment to be used for the
project includes, but is not limited to, hydraulic suction dredge,front-end loader or similar,and dump truck.
The front-end loader or similar equipment will be used to move erosion and sediment control materials,
dewatering bag,and other construction materials as well as regrading the dewatering area,as needed.
Purpose and Need:
The need for the project is that sediment and vegetative debris accumulate in certain areas of the lake,which
poses a safety risk and degrades the aesthetics of the community facility. The purpose of the project is to
maintain Loch Dornie,a manmade impoundment of the Linville River that provides recreational opportunities
and the water source for irrigating the golf course. Routine maintenance dredging will allow GG&CC to better
manage the lake and reduce future maintenance needs that would arise without the proposed project.
Avoidance and Minimization—Design:
Full avoidance of impacts to waters of the US is possible only by implementing a No-Action alternative. No
action does not meet the purpose or need for the project and will result in an increase in maintenance needs
and costs in the future. Performance of routine maintenance on the lake on a planned cycle based on
specific accumulation patterns will reduce the areal extent and volume of material to be removed at a given
time,which allows for better management of water quality standards, particularly turbidity,and a more
manageable effort within the allotted schedule.
For each of the dredge areas,an area-specific turbidity curtain has been designed,which focuses the water
quality protection measures in the waterbody to match the need for specific work areas and eliminates
excessive measures that provide no additional benefit from the additional extent. Work areas have been
designated such that no trees removals are required and the disturbance is minimized within the 25-foot trout
buffer abutting Loch Dornie. Dredge spoils will be dewatered onsite through a filter bag designed for
dewatering. Disposal of dredge spoils shall utilize existing roadways for transport and an existing organic
debris disposal site that is owned by GG&CC and is located in uplands.
2

Avoidance and Minimization:Construction:
Avoidance and minimization of impacts to waters of the US will be further achieved through construction
means, methods,and requirements. Specifically,the Plan and the designed erosion and sedimentation
control measures shall be strictly enforced. Erosion and sedimentation control devices shall be inspected
regularly, including at least once per seven days and following each rain event that generates'/z inch of rain in
a 24-hour period. If maintenance or repair is found to be necessary,the device is to be addressed prior to
initiation of work on that day.
Vehicle and equipment maintenance shall be performed away from surface waters to limit risk of spills of
fluids. Seeded areas will be strawed, avoiding the use of plastic mesh that may trap or harm fauna. Ground
disturbance will be limited to the minimum necessary to implement the project. Existing paved surfaces will
be used for vehicle and equipment movements to the extent feasible.
Dredging will be performed by hydraulic methods. Hydraulic dredging reduces the suspension of lakebed
materials or sediments compared to mechanical dredging,thereby protecting water quality and limiting
effects on turbidity in Loch Dornie and Linville River. The lake will not be drawn down during hydraulic
dredging,which further reduces the potential effect on turbidity due to the proposed lake maintenance and
on the resident trout population.
GG&CC has selected a contractor that specializes in dredging and other lake management practices and that
has a good track record of quality work and regulatory compliance. The construction documents are written
such that the contractor is contractually responsible for abiding by the Plan,the permit conditions,the
erosion and sediment control plan,and all notes on the design drawings. Failure by the contractor to comply
with all applicable local,state,and federal regulations shall constitute breach of contract.
Threatened and Endangered Species:
The IPaC report was requested most recently on August 2,2024. Federally threatened or endangered species
that were identified by USFWS as having the potential to be affected by the proposed project are gray bat
(Myotis grisescens—endangered), Indiana bat(Myotis sodalis—endangered), northern long-eared bat(Myotis
septentrionalis—endangered),Virginia big-eared bat(Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus—endangered),
Roan Mountain bluet(Hedyotis purpurea var.montana—endangered),and rock gnome lichen(Gymnoderma
lineare—endangered). Additionally,tricolored bat(Perimyotissubflavus—proposed endangered), bog turtle
(Glyptemys muhlenbergii—threatened due to similarity of appearance),and monarch butterfly(Danaus
plexippus—candidate)are included on the IPaC report for awareness.
A Hazen biologist reviewed the habitat requirements for each federally listed species and assessed the
viability of suitable habitat within the project vicinity. Gray bats and Virginia big-eared bats reside in caves or
areas of large rocks year-round. Northern long-eared bats and Indiana bats hibernate in caves through the
winter. No caves or significant rock outcroppings suitable for gray bat residence are present within or
surrounding the project area. Northern long-eared bats and Indiana bats utilize summer roosts,which
consist of trees with loose or exfoliating bark,structures with roosting spaces,and bridges or culverts. The
maintenance dredging effort will not result in the alteration or removal of potential summer roosts utilized by
northern long-eared bats or Indiana bats.
The project location is situated between 3,700 and 3,800 feet above mean sea level.The Roan Mountain bluet
and rock gnome lichen inhabit elevations of 5,000 feet above mean sea level or higher. Therefore, no impacts
to the two listed plant species will result from the proposed project.
3

Mountain bogs,which constitute the habitat for bog turtles,are not present within or immediately
surrounding the project area. The tricolored bat has similar habitat requirements as the northern long-eared
bat,and the project will not disturb the suitable habitat for these bats during the time of year when the bats
may be present in the project surroundings. As such,the maintenance dredging effort will not impact the
tricolored bat. Milkweed plants,the host plant for the monarch butterfly,were not observed within or
adjacent to the project area.
Historic Resources:
HPOWEB GIS Service was reviewed most recently on May 14,2024. The nearest resource that is listed on the
National Register of Historic Places(NRHP)is the Linville Historic District. The District is located 1.9 miles
south of the project area and is not visible from the project area due to the local topography. The nearest
resource that has been determined eligible but not listed on the NRHP is the Blue Ridge Parkway(Parkway).
The Parkway is located approximately 1.5 miles east of the project area. The Parkway is not visible from the
project area due to Grandfather Mountain being situated between the Parkway and the project area.
Additionally,the project area is not visible from either resource due to local topography. Therefore, no
impacts to historic resources are anticipated to occur as a result of the project.
Archaeological resources may be present in the project area. Excavation is proposed to occur during project
implementation. The excavation will consist of dredging accumulated sediments from the lake and will not
disturb native soils that may contain artifacts or other resources of archaeological significance. As such, no
impacts to archaeological resources shall occur as a result of the proposed project.
Flood Zone Designation:
The project area is depicted on FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map(FIRM)Panel 3710185600J,effective
December 2,2008. Loch Dornie and small areas of abutting lands are depicted as being in the 100-year
floodplain with a base flood elevation of 3793.3 feet above mean sea level,compared to the normal pool
elevation of Loch Dornie of 3787.5 feet above mean sea level. The proposed project involves removal of
accumulated sediments and debris from within the lake,restoring the intended depth profile and capacity of
the lake. Dredge spoils will be dewatered onsite in an area that is not within the 100-year floodplain. No
change to the floodplain extent or base flood elevation are proposed or anticipated to occur as a result of the
project. As such,the proposed project is compliant with floodplain regulations.
Trout Waters:
The waters in which the project is proposed to be conducted are designated mountain trout waters. Loch
Dornie is used for recreation and irrigation of the golf course during spring, summer,and fall months. GG&CC
requests a waiver of the moratorium restricting work in trout waters to allow the dredging work to be
performed during the off-season,specifically January 2 to March 31. The duration of in-water work will not
span the full period of the requested waiver;work will be performed as efficiently as possible while ensuring
that proper construction methods and erosion control measures are implemented for the safety and welfare
of year-round residents and aquatic life.
For the protection of aquatic life,dredging shall be performed by hydraulic suction, rather than mechanical
means. Hydraulic dredging does not necessitate a drawdown of the lake,thereby maintaining the water
surface elevations and areal extent during the fry life stage of the trout. The contractor is contractually
obligated to abide by the enclosed Turbidity Management and Response Plan as well as the construction
drawings and all requirements and conditions of regulatory authorizations.
4

Owner's Name Mailing Address City State ZIP Code
Patrick DanehyTrustee 4280 Belle Meade Cove Memphis TN 38117
JSL Investments 18 Lakeside Park Dallas TX 75225
David Hadden Trustee 10 Woodlawn Ave Needham MA 02492
James Lentz Trustee 1608 Meandering Way Dr Westlake TX 76262
Nan Davis Trustee 2633 Richardson Dr Charlotte NC 28211
Wilbur Sandbulte 5160 N 71st St Paradise Valley AZ 85253
Craig Greven 1040 Fieldwood Ln Winston Salem NC 27106
GFGCC Common Area for Condos Wilmor Corp PO Box 368 Linville NC 28646
James Goodmon 719 Lakestone Dr Raleigh NC 27609
Frank Horne Jr 4115 Silver Bell Dr Charlotte NC 28211
Finch Family Properties 1002 Huntsford Terrace Thomasville NC 27360
George Mortez 92914th Ave NW Hickory NC 28601

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Dredge Area A
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Dredge Area B
Dredge Area C
Dredge Area D
Dredge Area G
Dredge Area H
Dredge Area E
Dredge Area F
Dredge Area I
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Project Limits
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0.10 acre due to Dredging
Project Limits
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1,373 sgft(0.031 acre) Permanent Impact to Area E
of temporary impact 0.27 acre due to Dredging
Turbidity Curtain
Permanent Impact to Area F
16,629 sgft(0.38 acre) of temporary impact 0.48 acre due to Dredging
Construction Access ;
Erosion and Sediment Control
i
23,193 sgft(0.67 acre) of temporary impact
1,534 sgft(0.035 acre) Construction Access
of temporary impact Erosion and Sediment Control
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8/2/24, 11:38 AM INC: Explore Location resources
IPaC U.S. Fish &Wildlife Service
IPaC resource list
This report is an automatically generated list of species and other resources such as critical
habitat (collectively referred to as trust resources) under the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's
(USFWS)jurisdiction that are known or expected to be on or near the project area referenced
below. The list may also include trust resources that occur outside of the project area, but
that could potentially be directly or indirectly affected by activities in the project area.
However, determining the likelihood and extent of effects a project may have on trust
resources typically requires gathering additional site-specific (e.g., vegetation/species
surveys) and project-specific (e.g., magnitude and timing of proposed activities) information.
Below is a summary of the project information you provided and contact information for the
USFWS office(s) with jurisdiction in the defined project area. Please read the introduction to
each section that follows (Endangered Species, Migratory Birds, USFWS Facilities, and NWI
Wetlands) for additional information applicable to the trust resources addressed in that
section. 11111li.,
v
Location
Avery County, North Carolina
s
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Local office
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
t. [phone]
JJJ [phone]
https://ipac.ecosphere.fws.gov/location/NM5W3MLALZCCHFJ7RWRS4KNE5U/resources 1/18

8/2/24, 11:38 AM IPaC: Explore Location resources
160 Zillicoa Street, Suite B
Asheville, NC 28801-1082
https://ipac.ecosphere.fws.gov/location/NM5W3MLALZCCHFJ7RWRS4KNE5U/resources 2/18

8/2/24, 11:38 AM INC: Explore Location resources
Endangered species
This resource list is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an analysis of
project level impacts.
The primary information used to generate this list is the known or expected range of each
species. Additional areas of influence (AOI) for species are also considered. An AOI includes
areas outside of the species range if the species could be indirectly affected by activities in
that area (e.g., placing a dam upstream of a fish population even if that fish does not occur at
the dam site, may indirectly impact the species by reducing or eliminating water flow
downstream). Because species can move, and site conditions can change, the species on this
list are not guaranteed to be found on or near the project area. To fully determine any
potential effects to species, additional site-specific and project-specific information is often
required.
Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act requires Federal agencies to "request of the
Secretary information whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be
present in the area of such proposed action" for any project that is conducted, permitted,
funded, or licensed by any Federal agency. A letter from the local office and a species list
which fulfills this requirement can only be obtained by requesting an official species list from
either the Regulatory Review section in IPaC (see directions below) or from the local field
office directly.
For project evaluations that require USFWS concurrence/review, please return to the IPaC
website and request an official species list by doing the following:
1 . Draw the project location and click CONTINUE.
2. Click DEFINE PROJECT.
3. Log in (if directed to do so).
4. Provide a name and description for your project.
5. Click REQUEST SPECIES LIST.
Listed speciesl and their critical habitats are managed by the Ecological Services Program of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the fisheries division of the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA Fisheries).
Species and critical habitats under the sole responsibility of NOAA Fisheries are not shown
on this list. Please contact NOAA Fisheries for species under their jurisdiction.
1 . Species listed under the Endangered Species Act are threatened or endangered; IPaC also
shows species that are candidates, or proposed, for listing. See the listing status page for
more information. IPaC only shows species that are regulated by USFWS (see FAQ).
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2. NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office
of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
The following species are potentially affected by activities in this location:
Mammals
NAME STATUS
Gray Bat Myotis grisescens Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6329
Indiana Bat Myotis sodalis Endangered
Wherever found
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5949
Northern Long-eared Bat Myotis septentrionalis Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9045
Tricolored Bat Perimyotis subflavus Proposed Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/10515
Virginia Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii Endangered
virginianus
Wherever found
There is final critical habitat for this species.Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8369
Reptiles
NAME STATUS
Bog Turtle Glyptemys muhlenbergii SAT
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6962
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Insects
NAME STATUS
Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus Candidate
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9743
Flowering Plants
NAME STATUS
Roan Mountain Bluet Hedyotis purpurea var. montana Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1087
Lichens
NAME STATUS
Rock Gnome Lichen Gymnoderma lineare Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3933
Critical habitats
Potential effects to critical habitat(s) in this location must be analyzed along with the
endangered species themselves.
There are no critical habitats at this location.
You are still required to determine if your project(s) may have effects on
all above listed species.
Bald & Golden Eagles
Bald and golden eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, and
the Migratory Bird Treaty Act2.
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Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
bald or golden eagles, or their habitats3, should follow appropriate regulations and consider
implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described in the links below.
Specifically, please review the "Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles".
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Management https://www.fws.gQv//program/eagle-management
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds
https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoiding-and-minimizing-incidental-take-
migratory-birds
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds
https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-
measures.pdf
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https://www.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-birds-and-bald-and-
golden-eagles-may-occur-project-action
There are likely bald eagles present in your project area. For additional information on bald
eagles, refer to Bald Eagle Nesting and Sensitivity to Human Activity
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization
measures to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, see the PROBABILITY OF
PRESENCE SUMMARY below to see when these birds are most likely to be present and
breeding in your project area.
NAME BREEDING SEASON
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Breeds Sep 1 to Aug 31
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1626
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos Breeds elsewhere
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1680
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Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely
to be present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your
project activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read
"Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles", specifically the FAQ section titled
"Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before using or attempting to
interpret this report.
Probability of Presence ( )
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s)
your project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-
week months.) A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey
effort (see below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One
can have higher confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also
high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
1 . The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events
for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted
Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in
week 12 is 0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week
12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
probability of presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season ( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time-frame inside which the bird breeds
across its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your
project area.
Survey Effort (1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of
surveys performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The
number of surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
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To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data (—)
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are
based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Bald Eagle IIII IIII III 1111 111� ��II IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII
Non-BCC
Vulnerable
Golden Eagle i , . . , . . , . . . .
Non-BCC
Vulnerable
What does IPaC use to generate the potential presence of bald and golden eagles in my specified
location?
The potential for eagle presence is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge Network(AKN). The
AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets and is queried
and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s)which your project
intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special attention because they are a BCC species in
that area, an eagle (Eagle Act requirements may apply).To see a list of all birds potentially present in your
project area, please visit the Rapid Avian Information Locator(RAIL)Tool.
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs of bald and golden eagles in my
specified location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC)and other
species that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge
Network(AKN). The AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey., banding, and citizen science
datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid
cell(s)which your project intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special attention because
they are a BCC species in that area, an eagle (Eagle Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a
particular vulnerability to offshore activities or development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area.
It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list of all birds potentially
present in your project area, please visit the Rapid Avian Information Locator(RAIL)Tool.
What if I have eagles on my list?
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If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles, you may need to obtain a permit to avoid violating
the Eagle Act should such impacts occur. Please contact your local Fish and Wildlife Service Field Office if
you have questions.
Migratory birds
Certain birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act' and the Bald and Golden
Eagle Protection Act2.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
migratory birds, eagles, and their habitats should follow appropriate regulations and
consider implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described in the links below.
Specifically, please review the "Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles".
1 . The Migratory Birds Treaty Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Management https://www.fws.ggv//program/eagle-management
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds
https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoiding-and-minimizing-incidental-take-
migratory-birds
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/
documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-measures.pdf
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https://www.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-birds-and-bald-and-
golden-eagles-may-occur-project-action
The birds listed below are birds of particular concern either because they occur on the
USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) list or warrant special attention in your
project location. To learn more about the levels of concern for birds on your list and how
this list is generated, see the FAQ below. This is not a list of every bird you may find in this
location, nor a guarantee that every bird on this list will be found in your project area. To see
exact locations of where birders and the general public have sighted birds in and around
your project area, visit the E-bird data mapping tool (Tip: enter your location, desired date
range and a species on your list). For projects that occur off the Atlantic Coast, additional
maps and models detailing the relative occurrence and abundance of bird species on your
list are available. Links to additional information about Atlantic Coast birds, and other
important information about your migratory bird list, including how to properly interpret and
use your migratory bird report, can be found below.
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For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization
measures to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, see the PROBABILITY OF
PRESENCE SUMMARY below to see when these birds are most likely to be present and
breeding in your project area.
NAME BREEDING SEASON
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Breeds Sep 1 to Aug 31
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1626
Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus Breeds May 15 to Oct 10
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9399
Black-capped Chickadee Poecile atricapillus practicus Breeds Apr 10 to Jul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus Breeds May 20 tojul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Canada Warbler Cardellina canadensis Breeds May 20 to Aug 10
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Cerulean Warbler Setophaga cerulea Breeds Apr 27 to Jul 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2974
Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica Breeds Mar 15 to Aug 25
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
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Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos Breeds elsewhere
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1680
Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera Breeds May 1 to Jul 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecptspecies/8745
Kentucky Warbler Geothlypis formosa Breeds Apr 20 to Aug 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Northern Saw-whet Owl Aegolius acadicus Breeds Mar 1 to Jul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Prairie Warbler Setophaga discolor %00 Breeds May 1 to Jul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus Breeds May 10 to Sep 10
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus Breeds elsewhere
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina Breeds May 10 to Aug 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC)throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely
to be present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your
project activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read
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"Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles", specifically the FAQ section titled
"Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before using or attempting to
interpret this report.
Probability of Presence ( )
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s)
your project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-
week months.) A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey
effort (see below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One
can have higher confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also
high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated?The calculation is done in three steps:
1 . The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events
for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted
Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in
week 12 is 0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week
12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
probability of presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season ( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time-frame inside which the bird breeds
across its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your
project area.
Survey Effort (1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of
surveys performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The
number of surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data (—)
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
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Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are
based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Bald Eagle IIII IIII �111 IIII IIII ��� IIII 1�11 '�■ 1�11 ���I IIII
Non-BCC
Vulnerable
Black-billed +—++ ++++ "++
Cuckoo
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
III IIII IIII IIII I ++ I I I++++ '.
Black-capped
Chickadee ++
BCC- BCR
Bobolink +—++ ++++ ++II IIII IIII ++++ ++ ++++ +­++
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Canada +++
Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Cerulean +—++ ++ I i iii+ ++++ TTT+ ++++
Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Chimney Swift i ++-- -- —
�—+
—+
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Golden Eagle —+++ ++++ ++++ +++' +++— ++++ ++-- ---+ — 4-
Non-BCC
Vulnerable
Golden-winged , �__— ___— —+++ IIII IIII III+ +++— ++++ ++--
Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Kentucky +__+ +++— +—++ ++II IIII IIII IIII III+ ++++ ++++ ++
Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Northern Saw IIII IIII +i IIII IIII +++� +++I
whet Owl
BCC- BCR
Prairie Warbler
BCC Rangewide 1- pill +++- ++1+ ++-- ---+ ---+
(CON)
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SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
woodeadded I . �+ +++ + ++ ++++ ��� �� I I I I I I + +** 0 4+++ ++++ +-++
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Rusty Blackbird I --+ +++— ' ++++ ++++ +—++
BCC- BCR
Wood Thrush +++ 1111 +'+' 1-74 IIII '+++ +4- I 1
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Tell me more about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds.
Nationwide Conservation Measures describes measures that can help avoid and minimize impacts to all
birds at any location year round. Implementation of these measures is particularly important when birds
are most likely to occur in the project area. When birds may be breeding in the area, identifying the
locations of any active nests and avoiding their destruction is a very helpful impact minimization measure.
To see when birds are most likely to occur and be breeding in your project area, view the Probability of
Presence Summary. Additional measures or permits may be advisable depending on the type of activity
you are conducting and the type of infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the list of migratory birds that potentially occur in my specified
location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC),and other
species that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge
Network(AKN). The AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey., banding, and citizen science
datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid
cell(s)which your project intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special attention because
they are a BCC species in that area, an eagle (Eagle Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a
particular vulnerability to offshore activities or development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area.
It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list of all birds potentially
present in your project area, please visit the Rapid Avian Information Locator(RAIL)Tool.
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds potentially
occurring in my specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data provided by
the Avian Knowledge Network(AKN). This data is derived from a growing collection of survey., banding, and
citizen science datasets.
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information becomes
available.To learn more about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and how to interpret
them, go the Probability of Presence Summary and then click on the "Tell me about these graphs" link.
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How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering or migrating in my area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding, wintering,
migrating or year-round), you may query your location using the RAIL Tool and look at the range maps
provided for birds in your area at the bottom of the profiles provided for each bird in your results. If a bird
on your migratory bird species list has a breeding season associated with it, if that bird does occur in your
project area, there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If"Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
1. "BCC Rangewide" birds are Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC)that are of concern throughout their
range anywhere within the USA(including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin
Islands);
2. "BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in
the continental USA; and
3. "Non-BCC-Vulnerable" birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on your list either
because of the Eagle Act requirements (for eagles) or(for non-eagles) potential susceptibilities in
offshore areas from certain types of development or activities (e.g. offshore energy development or
longline fishing).
Although it is important to try to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made, in
particular, to avoid and minimize impacts to the birds on this list, especially eagles and BCC species of
rangewide concern. For more information on conservation measures you can implement to help avoid and
minimize migratory bird impacts and requirements for eagles, please see the FAQs for these topics.
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species and
groups of bird species within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit the Northeast Ocean Data
Portal. The Portal also offers data and information about other taxa besides birds that may be helpful to
you in your project review.Alternately, you may download the bird model results files underlying the portal
maps through the NOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical Modeling and Predictive Mapping of Marine Bird
Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Bird tracking data can also provide additional details about occurrence and habitat use throughout the
year, including migration. Models relying on survey data may not include this information. For additional
information on marine bird tracking data, see the Diving Bird Study and the nanotag studies or contact
Caleb Spiegel or Pam Loring.
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles,you may need to obtain a permit to avoid violating
the Eagle Act should such impacts occur.
Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report
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The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of birds of
priority concern. To learn more about how your list is generated, and see options for identifying what other
birds may be in your project area, please see the FAQ "What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds
potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be aware this report provides the "probability of
presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s)that overlap your project; not your exact project footprint.
On the graphs provided, please also look carefully at the survey effort(indicated by the black vertical bar)
and for the existence of the "no data" indicator(a red horizontal bar). A high survey effort is the key
component. If the survey effort is high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more
dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack
of certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is simply a starting point for identifying
what birds of concern have the potential to be in your project area, when they might be there, and if they
might be breeding(which means nests might be present). The list helps you know what to look for to
confirm presence, and helps guide you in knowing when to implement conservation measures to avoid or
minimize potential impacts from your project activities, should presence be confirmed. To learn more
about conservation measures, visit the FAQ "Tell me about conservation measures I can implement to
avoid or minimize impacts to migratory birds" at the bottom of your migratory bird trust resources page.
Facilities
National Wildlife Refuge lands
Any activity proposed on lands managed by the National Wildlife Refuge system must
undergo a 'Compatibility Determination' conducted by the Refuge. Please contact the
individual Refuges to discuss any questions or concerns.
There are no refuge lands at this location.
Fish hatcheries
There are no fish hatcheries at this location.
Wetlands in the National Wetlands Inventory
( NWI )
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
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For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to
update our NWI data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to
determine the actual extent of wetlands on site.
This location overlaps the following wetlands:
LAKE
L1 UBHh
RIVERINE
R3UBH
R4SBC
R3UBHx
R5UBH
A full description for each wetland code can be found at the National Wetlands Inventory_
website
NOTE: This initial screening does not replace an on-site delineation to determine whether
wetlands occur. Additional information on the NWI data is provided below.
Data limitations
The Service's objective of mapping wetlands and deepwater habitats is to produce reconnaissance level
information on the location, type and size of these resources. The maps are prepared from the analysis of
high altitude imagery. Wetlands are identified based on vegetation, visible hydrology and geography. A
margin of error is inherent in the use of imagery; thus, detailed on-the-ground inspection of any particular
site may result in revision of the wetland boundaries or classification established through image analysis.
The accuracy of image interpretation depends on the quality of the imagery, the experience of the image
analysts, the amount and quality of the collateral data and the amount of ground truth verification work
conducted. Metadata should be consulted to determine the date of the source imagery used and any
mapping problems.
Wetlands or other mapped features may have changed since the date of the imagery or field work. There
may be occasional differences in polygon boundaries or classifications between the information depicted
on the map and the actual conditions on site.
Data exclusions
Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of
aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or
submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and
nearshore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also
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been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial
imagery.
Data precautions
Federal, state, and local regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over wetlands may define and describe
wetlands in a different manner than that used in this inventory. There is no attempt, in either the design or
products of this inventory, to define the limits of proprietary jurisdiction of any Federal, state, or local
government or to establish the geographical scope of the regulatory programs of government agencies.
Persons intending to engage in activities involving modifications within or adjacent to wetland areas should
seek the advice of appropriate Federal, state, or local agencies concerning specified agency regulatory
programs and proprietary jurisdictions that may affect such activities.
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