20240575 Ver 1_Big_Laurel_Creek_WNCSI_Reduced_20240416

Providing Sound Environmental Solutions
10565 Highway 421 South
Trade, TN 37691
ph/fax: [phone]
[e-mail]
April 16, 2024
Mrs. Amanda Fuemmeler
US Army Corps of Engineers
151 Patton Avenue; Room 208
Asheville, NC 28801-5006
RE: Big Laurel WNCSI — Big Laurel Creek Stabilization
Creston, Ashe County, NC
Mrs. Fuemmeler,
Enclosed please find the referenced project notification with the following attachments:
1) Agent Authorization Forms
2) Site Maps (Parcels, Soil Report, USGS Topo)
3) Construction/Site Plans
4) Site Photosheets
5) NRCS documentation
6) Wetland Determination Package
BFEC is submitting this package as a non -notifying NW 27 with the NRCS acting as the lead
federal agency. Documentation of this being a NRCS project is included in Attachment 5.
This project proposes the bank stabilization of approximately 2,665 ± linear feet (LF) of Big
Laurel Creek and restoration of an onsite wetland. The project site is located along Big Laurel
Dr. (36.457099°,-81.635199°), in Creston NC, Ashe County. This project encompasses
approximately 105.92 ± acres across 3 parcels (PIN:10080033, 10080018, 03080069) owned by
Gairl Barker. The proposed design includes bank stabilization using Natural Channel Design
structures along Big Laurel Creek. These structures will allow for bank stabilization and erosion
control within the project reach. Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc. will be the
authorized agent for this permit application. There will be approximately 2,665 ± LF of stream
impacts and 0.06 ± ac. of wetland impacts for restoration purposes. If you have any questions,
please call at 423.727.4476.
Sincerely,
Adam Williams
CC: Andrea Leslie - NCWRC

A - GEM -AUTHORIZATION AUTHORIZATION FORM
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
LOT NO, N/A PLAN NO. N/A PAKCEI,11): 1008p033,
030869,10080018
STREET ADDRESS- 2077 Big Laurel Rd., 1875 Big Laurel Rd., and Big Laurel Rd.
(36.2726250'-81.380393)
Creston, NC 28615
Property Owner:
Barker, Gairl
The undersigned, registered property owners of the above noted property, do hereby authorize
Adam Williams , of Brus X Fork Environment Consultan91-lnc
(Contractor/Agent) (Consulting Firm)
to act on my behalf and take all actions necessary for the processing, issuance and acceptance of
this permit or certification and any and all standard and special conditions attached.
Property Owner's Address (if different than property above):
elephone: ; U� V ;7,5 - � 5- 6 q
We hereby certify the above ixi_ mnation submitted in this application is true and accurate to the
best of our knowledge.

Legend 0 250 500 1,000 Feet
40�ti
Streams ��
Roads
Site Parcels c°��4
Map is not to be construed as surveyed data. All boundaries are approximate GIS data taken from public data sources. BFEC 2024.

USDA United States
Department of
Agriculture
N RCS
Natural
Resources
Conservation
Service
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a joint effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
Ashe County,
North Carolina
January 25, 2023

Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nres/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https:Hoffices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nres) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nres142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at [phone] (voice
and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call [phone] (voice) or [phone] (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.

Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................
2
How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5
SoilMap..................................................................................................................
8
SoilMap................................................................................................................9
Legend................................................................................................................10
MapUnit Legend................................................................................................
11
MapUnit Descriptions.........................................................................................11
Ashe County, North Carolina..........................................................................
13
AHF—Ashe gravelly fine sandy loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes ..................
13
Co—Colvard fine sandy loam......................................................................14
EdE—Edneyville loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes .........................................
15
EdF—Edneyville loam, 25 to 45 percent slopes..........................................16
References............................................................................................................18

How Soil Surveys Are Made
Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous
areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous
areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and
limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,
and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and
native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil
profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The
profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the
soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is
devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other
biological activity.
Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource
areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that
share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water
resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey
areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA.
The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that
is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the
area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind
of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and
miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific
segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they
were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict
with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a
specific location on the landscape.
Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their
characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil
scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only
a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented
by an understanding of the soil -vegetation -landscape relationship, are sufficient to
verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.
Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They
noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock
fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them
to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their
properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).
Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil
characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for
comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic
classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character
of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil

Custom Soil Resource Report
scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the
individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that
they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and
research.
The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the
objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that
have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a
unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable
proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components
of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way
diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such
landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite
investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.
Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.
The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of
mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape,
and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the
soil -landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at
specific locations. Once the soil -landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller
number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded.
These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color,
depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for
content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil
typically vary from one point to another across the landscape.
Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of
characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct
measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit
component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other
properties.
While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally
are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists
interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field -observed
characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the
soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through
observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management.
Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new
interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other
sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of
specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management
are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same
kinds of soil.
Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on
such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over
long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example,
soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will
have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict
that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.
After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the
survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

Custom Soil Resource Report
identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,
fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.

Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.

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Custom Soil Resource Report
Map Unit Legend
Map Unit Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres in AOI
Percent of AOI
AHF
Ashe gravelly fine sandy loam,
25 to 65 percent slopes
16.5
14.0%
Co
Colvard fine sandy loam
23.0
19.6%
EdE
Edneyville loam, 15 to 25
percent slopes
23.1
19.6%
EdF
Edneyville loam, 25 to 45
percent slopes
55.1
46.8%
Totals for Area of Interest
117.7
100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
11

Custom Soil Resource Report
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha -Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
12

Custom Soil Resource Report
Ashe County, North Carolina
AHF—Ashe gravelly fine sandy loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: Ib2x
Elevation: 1,400 to 5,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 45 to 70 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 90 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Ashe and similar soils: 80 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Ashe
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes, ridges
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Linear
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: gravelly fine sandy loam
Bw - 8 to 26 inches: gravelly sandy loam
C - 26 to 38 inches: gravelly sandy loam
R - 38 to 80 inches: unweathered bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 25 to 65 percent
Surface area covered with cobbles, stones or boulders: 1.6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to lithic bedrock
Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained
Runoff class: Very high
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to low (0.00 to
0.01 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Low (about 4.3 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
13

Custom Soil Resource Report
Co—Colvard fine sandy loam
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol. Ib35
Elevation: 1,200 to 2,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 48 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 116 to 170 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Colvard, occasionally flooded, and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 5 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Colvard, Occasionally Flooded
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy and sandy alluvium
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 12 inches: fine sandy loam
C1 - 12 to 60 inches: fine sandy loam
C2 - 60 to 80 inches: gravelly sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Very low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (2.00 to 6.00
in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 42 to 60 inches
Frequency of flooding: OccasionalNone
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 6.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2w
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Ecological site: F130BY011 WV - Hydric Floodplains
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Ela, undrained
Percent of map unit. 5 percent
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
14

Custom Soil Resource Report
Down -slope shape: Linear, concave
Across -slope shape: Concave
Hydric soil rating: Yes
EdE—Edneyville loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: Ib36
Elevation: 1,400 to 5,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 45 to 70 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 90 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Map Unit Composition
Edneyville and similar soils: 80 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Edneyville
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes, ridges
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Creep deposits over residuum weathered from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: loam
Bw - 8 to 25 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 25 to 80 inches: gravelly sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 25 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 7.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
15

Custom Soil Resource Report
Hydric soil rating: No
EdF—Edneyville loam, 25 to 45 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol. Ib37
Elevation: 1,400 to 5,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 45 to 70 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 90 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Edneyville and similar soils: 80 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Edneyville
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes, ridges
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Creep deposits over residuum weathered from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: loam
Bw - 8 to 25 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 25 to 80 inches: gravelly sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 25 to 45 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 7.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
it.

Custom Soil Resource Report
17

References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep -water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
n res/d eta i I/n ati o n a I/s o i Is/?cid = n res 142 p2_0 54262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://
www. nres. usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://
www. nres. usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nres142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/
detail/national/landuse/rangepastu re/?cid=stelprdb1043084
18

Custom Soil Resource Report
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
n res/d eta i I/so i Is/scie ntists/?cid=n res 142 p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?
cid = n res 142 p2_05 3624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http:H
www.nrcs.usda.gov/lnternet/FSE—DOCUMENTS/nrcsl 42p2_052290. pdf
19

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X

Department of Agriculture NRCS-CPA-52
U.S.1D.
A. Client Name: Gairl Barker
Natural Resources Conservation Service 11/2019
[NC Revision: Apr 20221
B. Conservation Plan ID # (as applicable):
ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION WORKSHEET
Program Authority (optional): RCPP2681- 914532230062
Client's Objective(s) (purpose):
C. Identification # (farm, tract, field #, etc. as required):
To reduce streambank erosion and reduce sediment loss from cropland.
Farm: 7537 Tract: 544/6197
Enhance habitat for Hellbenders
Alternatives
Streambank erosion is No Action 1 if RMS Alternative 1 1 if RMS Alternative 2 1 if RMS
contributing excessive sedimentontintued streambank erosion, sediment Implement the following conservation
loss
o surface waters. to surface waters and elevated stream practice standards: (580) Streambank and
mperatures. Shoreline Protection, (342) Critical Area
Planting, (391) Riparian Buffer, (395)
Stream Habitat Improvement, (572) Spoil
Disposal, (584) Channel Bed Stabilization
(578) Stream Crossing, (657) Wetland
Restoration
esource one
In Section " F" below, analyze, record, and address concerns identified through the Resources Inventory process.
(See FOTG Section III - Resource Planning Criteria for guidance).
F. Resource Concerns
I. Effects of Alternatives
and Existing/ Benchmark
No Action
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Conditions
Amount, Status,
� if
Amount, Status,
� if
Amount, Status,
� if
(Analyze and record the
Description
does
Description
does
Description
does
existing/benchmark
NOT
NOT
NOT
conditions for each
(Document both short and
meet
(Document both short and
meet
(Document both short and
meet
identified concern)
long term impacts)
PC
long term impacts)
PC
long term impacts)
PC
SOIL
Bank erosion from streams,
Banks continue to degrade due to
Streambanks are stabilized and
❑
❑
shorelines or water conveyance
lack of riparian vegetation and
lateral migration.
erosion is reduced to naturally
occuring levels.
SVAP bank erosion score < 5
based on active erosion and
NOT
NOT
NOT
multiple bank failures. SVAP2
meet
meet
meet
bank conditon 2
PC
PC
PC
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
WATER
Sediment transported to surface Ovate
Banks continue to degrade due to
Streambanks are stabilized and
❑
❑
lack of riparian vegetation and
lateral migration.
NOT
erosion is reduced to naturally
occuring levels.
NOT
NOT
SVAP bank erosion score < 5
based on active erosion with
bank failures ubiquitous.
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
Elevated water temperaturJW
Lack of woody vegetation
Riparian Forest Buffer will provide
❑
❑
continues to elevate water
temperatures.
35 ft wide riparian vegetation that
will shade the creek
SVAP shows poor riparian area
with a 2
NOT
NOT
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
NOT
NOT
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
NRCS-CPA-52, November 2019
North Carolina Version: April 2022

F. Resource Concerns
I. (continued)
and Existing/ Benchmark
No Action
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Conditions
Amount Status
if
Amount Status
if
Amount Status
if
(Analyze and record the
Description
does
Description
does
Description
does
existing/benchmark
NOT
NOT
NOT
conditions for each
(Document both short and
meet
(Document both short and
meet
(Document both short and
meet
identified concern)
long term impacts)
PC
long term impacts)
PC
long term impacts)
PC
AIR
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
PLANTS
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
ANIMALS
quatic habitat for fish and other
Aquatic habitat will continue to
❑
Aquatic habitat will improve with
El
r anisms
degrade.
NOT
hellbender structures (395) and
shade.
NOT
NOT
Aquatic habitat is low for fish &
other organisms
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
❑
❑
❑
NOT
NOT
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
ENERGY
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
No resource concern identified
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
❑
NOT
meet
meet
meet
PC
PC
PC
HUMAN ECONOMIC & SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Capital
Continue as is would result in a loss of
land and land value.
Capital may be needed to implement the
project.
Landowner does not have capitol
o complete project without
assistance
Special Environmental Concerns: EnvironMental Laws, Executive
Orders, policies, etc.
In Section "G" complete and attach Environmental Procedures Guide Sheets for documentation as applicable. Items with a "•" may
require a federal permit or consultation/coordination between the lead agency and another government agency. In these cases,
effects may need to be determined in consultation with another agency. Planning and practice implementation may proceed for
practices not involved in consultation. The APE Analysis Webtool may be used to identify and analyze relevant SECS within an APE.
NRCS-CPA-52, November 2019
North Carolina Version: April 2022

G. Special Environmental
J. Impacts to Special Environmental
Concerns
No Action
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Concerns
(Document existing/
Document all impacts
if
Document all impacts
if
Document all impacts
if
benchmark conditions)
APE Analysis WebTool
(Attach Guide Sheets as
applicable)
needs
further
action
(Attach Guide Sheets as
applicable)
needs
further
action
(Attach Guide Sheets as
applicable)
needs
further
action
•Clean Air Act
No Effect
No Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
Not present in the PLU
Current activities do not cause an
increase in emissions of a
❑
Current activities do not cause an
increase in emissions of a
regulated air pollutant and does
regulated air pollutant and does
not promote excessive
not promote excessive
concentrations of particulate
concentrations of particulate
matter in the air.
Imatter in the air.
•Clean Water Act / Waters of the
No Effect
May Effect
U.S.
❑
No federal action would occur.
Actions planned would disturb and
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
excavate material from the stream
Creek under jurisdication of the
banks. Client will be notified to
CWA
apply for a section 404 permit with
the Army Corps of Engineers.
•Coastal Zone Management
No Effect
No Effect
No coastal zones are present near
the planning area.
No coastal zones are present near
the planning area.
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
Not present in the PLU
❑
Coral Reefs
No Effect
No Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
No coral reefs are present near the
❑
No coral reefs are present near the
Not present in the PLU
planning area.
planning area.
•Cultural Resources / Historic
No Effect
May Effect
No further impact to cultural
Alternative includes 2 Group 3
Properties
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
resources will result from
practices (395 and 612) and 2
There are no known Cultural
maintaining current practices.
Group 2 practice (342 and 580).
Resources in the PLU. There are
The Group 2 practice will exceed
no Group 1 practices planned.
the extent of current disturbance
from erosion (sloping into field).
Refer request to CR specialist.
•Endangered and Threatened
No Effect
May Effect
Species
Continued bank erosion will
X10 If trees are to be harvested
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
Continue to degrade aquatic
onsite for material in Stream
There are 4 T&E species which
wildlife habitat for species that
Restoraton construction. No large
could possibly be located near
could be listed in the future
trees are present along the
PLU
streambank currently
Environmental Justice
No Effect
No Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
There are low income and
Low-income populations, minority
populations, Indian Tribes, or other
❑
Low-income populations, minority
populations, Indian Tribes, or other
❑
❑
minority producers in the area.
specified populations are not
specified populations will not
currently experiencing
experience disproportionately -high
diSDroportionately-hicih adverse
adverse human health im acts as
•Essential Fish Habitat
No Effect
May Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
Continue as is will allow fish
❑
Soil disturbing activities may
Trout County
habitat to degrade downstream
impact trout waters. Consult
NCWRC on trout waters. Actions
will be addressed in Permits.
Floodplain Management
No Effect
May Effect
No federal action would occur.
Alteration of streambanks may
affect the floodpliain. Contact the
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
The PLU is within the 100 year
❑
lood lain.
floodplamn administrator.
Invasive Species
No Effect
No Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
No persistent invasive species
❑
No federal action would occur.
No action would occur.
observed in the PLU.
•Migratory Birds/Bald and
No Effect
No Effect
Golden Eagle Protection Act
❑
No federal action would occur.
The proposed action would not
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
affect habitat for migratory birds,
Multiple listed in the APE
and would only enhance habitat.
Natural Areas
No Effect
No Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
None in PLU
❑
None in PLU
None in PLU
Prime and Unique Farmlands
No Effect
No Effect
No federal action would occur.
No Ianduse changes to prime and
unique farmlands.
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
Present in the PLU
❑
NRCS-CPA-52, November 2019
North Carolina Version: April 2022

Riparian Area
No Effect
May Effect
No federal action would occur.
Ripairan areas will be improved by
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
❑
Present in the PLU along stream
stabilizing streambanks and
bank
planting trees along riparian areas
Scenic Beauty
No Effect
No Effect
No federal action would occur.
Actions will not adversely affect the
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
❑
❑
The scenic beauty may be
scenic quality of the general
enhanced with stabilized stream
landscape or any specifically
banks
designated unique or valuable
scenic landscape
•Wetlands
No Effect
May Effect
Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
❑
❑�
No federal action would occur.
Hydric soils are present in the PLU
Hydric soils are present in the
permits will need to be applied for
PLU
on the promect.
•Wild and Scenic Rivers
No Effect
No Effect
Guide Sheep Fact Sheet
❑
No federal action would occur.
Actions will not adversely affect the
New River is listed
Wild and Scenic River Designation
K. Other Agencies and
I
Broad Public Concerns
No Action
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Easements, Permissions, Public
None needed for no action
404 permits required. 401 permit. Cultural
Review, or Permits Required and
Resources review requested.
Agencies Consulted.
Client Authorization for
Auth. for Release of Record Received &
Release of Record
Filed in Case File
Cumulative Effects Narrative
Expect a beneficial impact to the stream
(Describe the cumulative impacts
health, water quality, stream bank stability
considered, including past,
and the filtering function of the stream
present and known future actions
bank.
regardless of who performed the
actions)
L. Mitigation
See notes from partner agencies after
(Record actions to avoid,
consultation
minimize, and compensate)
M. Preferred
preferred❑
❑
❑
Alternative
alternative
The client has selected this as the
Supporting
preferred alternative to reduce streambank
reason
erosion and improve water quality.
N. Context (Record context of alternatives analysis) I local I local Ilocal
The significance of an action must be analyzed in several contexts such as society as a whole (human, national), the affected region, the
affected interests, and the locality.
O. To the best of my knowledge, the data shown on this form is accurate and complete:
In the case where a non-NRCS person (e.g. TSP, Partner, Volunteer) or NRCS employee (non -Level III Certified Planner) assists with
planning activities, they are to only sign the first signature block below. The Level III Certified Planner is to sign the second block to verify the
information's accuracy and adherence to NRCS conservation planning policy and environmental evaluation expectations.
RENEE RAY Digitally signed by RENEE RAY
Date: 2023.03.31 1329:01 3I28I2023
SSC
-04'00'
Signature (Planner completing Sections A-N) Title Date
RENEE RAY Digitally signed by RENEE RAY
SSC 3/2812023
Date: 2023.03.31 13:29:48
nature (Level III a Nied Planner) Title Date
rnative is not a federal action where NRCS has control or responsibility and this NRCS-CPA-52 is shared with
than the client then indicate to whom this is being provided.
[;;!
ollowing sections are to be completedl& the Responsible Federal Official (RFO)
NRCS is the RFO if the action is subject to NRCS control and responsibility (e.g., actions financed, funded, assisted, conducted, regulated, or
approved by NRCS). These actions do not include situations in which NRCS is only providing technical assistance because NRCS cannot
control what the client ultimately does with that assistance and situations where NRCS is making a technical determination (such as Farm Bill
HEL or wetland determinations) not associated with the planning process.
NRCS-CPA-52, November 2019
North Carolina Version: April 2022

P. Determination of Significance or Extraordinary Circumstances
To answer the questions below, consider the severity (intensity) of impacts in the contexts identified above. Impacts may be both beneficial
and adverse. A significant effect may exist even if the Federal agency believes that on balance the effect will be beneficial. Significance
cannot be avoided by terming an action temporary or by breaking it down into small component parts.
If you answer ANY of the below questions "yes" then contact the State Environmental Liaison as there may be extraordinary
circumstances and significance issues to consider and a site specific NEPA analysis may be required.
Yes No
❑ ❑ Is the preferred alternative expected to cause significant effects on public health or safety?
❑ ❑ Is the preferred alternative expected to significantly affect unique characteristics of the geographic area such as
proximity to historic or cultural resources, park lands, prime farmlands, wetlands, wild and scenic rivers, or ecologically
critical areas?
❑ ❑� Are the effects of the preferred alternative on the quality of the human environment likely to be highly controversial?
❑ ❑ Does the preferred alternative have highly uncertain effects or involve unique or unknown risks on the human
environment?
❑ ❑ Does the preferred alternative establish a precedent for future actions with significant impacts or represent a decision in
principle about a future consideration?
❑ ❑ Is the preferred alternative known or reasonably expected to have potentially significant environment impacts to the
quality of the human environment either individually or cumulatively over time?
❑ ❑✓ Will the preferred alternative likely have a significant adverse effect on ANY of the special environmental concerns? Use
the Evaluation Procedure Guide Sheets to assist in this determination. This includes, but is not limited to, concerns such
as cultural or historical resources, endangered and threatened species, environmental justice, wetlands, floodplains,
coastal zones, coral reefs, essential fish habitat, wild and scenic rivers, clean air, riparian areas, natural areas, and
invasive species.
Will the preferred alternative threaten a violation of Federal, State, or local law or requirements for the protection of the
environment?
Q. NEPA Compliance Finding (check one)
The preferred alternative: Action required
❑
EF
1) is not a federal action where the agency has control or responsibility.
Document in " below.
No additional analnal ysis is required
2) is a federal action ALL of which is categorically excluded from further
Document in " below.
❑
environmental analysis AND there are no extraordinary circumstances as identified
No additional analysis is required
in Section "O".
3) is a federal action that has been sufficiently analyzed in an existing Agency state,
Document in "R.1" below.
❑✓
regional, or national NEPA document and there are no predicted significant adverse
No additional analysis is required.
environmental effects or extraordinary circumstances.
4) is a federal action that has been sufficiently analyzed in another Federal agency's
Contact the State Environmental
NEPA document (EA or EIS) that addresses the proposed NRCS action and its' effects
El
and has been formally adopted by NRCS. NRCS is required to prepare and publish
and
Liaison for list NEPA documents
formally adoptedd and available for
own Finding of No Significant Impact for an EA or Record of Decision for an EIS
when adopting another agency's EA or EIS document. (Note: This box is not
tiering. Document in below.
is
applicable to FSA)
No additional analysis is required
r
5) is a federal action that has NOT been sufficiently analyzed or may involve predicted
Contact the State Environmental
❑
significant adverse environmental effects or extraordinary circumstances and may
Liaison. Further NEPA analysis
require an EA or EIS.
required.
R. Rationale Supporting the Finding
R.1
Regional Conservation Partnership Program, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Environmental Assessment, January 2021
Findings Documentation
R.2
Applicable Categorical
Exclusion(s)
(more than one may apply)
7 CFR Part 650 Compliance
With NEPA, subpart 650.6
Categorical Exclusions states
prior to determining that a
proposed action is categorically
excluded under paragraph (d) of
this section, the proposed action
must meet six sideboard criteria.
See NECH 610.116.
NRCS-CPA-52, November 2019
North Carolina Version: April 2022

have considered the effects of the alternatives on the Resource Concerns, Economic and Social Considerations, Special
nvironmental Concerns, and Extraordinary Circumstances as defined by Agency regulation and policy and based on that made the
nding indicated above. North Carolina Policy- Only Level 1111 or Level IV Certified Planners, have the delegated authority to act as
ie Responsible Federal Official (RFO) for actions subject to NRCS control and responsibility.
Signature of Responsible Federal Official:
R E N E E RAY Digitally signed by RENEE RAY SSC 3/28/2023
Date: 2023.03.31 13:33:35
Title Date
Additional Notes
NRCS-CPA-52, November 2019
North Carolina Version: April 2022

Wetland Determination
Big Laurel Creek WNCSI Project Site Ashe
County, North Carolina
Date of Determination
April 8, 2024
Prepared By:
Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting
10565 HWY 421 South
Trade, Tennessee 37691

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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers OMB Control #: 0710-0024, Exp:1113012024
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA SHEET — Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region Requirement Control Symbol EXEMPT:
See ERDC/EL TR-12-9; the proponent agency is CECW-CO-R (Authority: AR 335-15, paragraph 5-2a)
Project/Site: Barker, Big Laurel Creek City/County: Creston/Ashe Sampling Date: 4/8/2024
Applicant/Owner: Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc./Garil Barker State: NC Sampling Point: S1
Investigator(s): David Pedersen Section, Township, Range:
Landform (hillside, terrace, etc.): Terrace Local relief (concave, convex, none): Concave Slope (%):
Subregion (LRR or MLRA): LRR N, MLRA 130B Lat: 36.457099 Long:-81.635199 Datum:
Soil Map Unit Name: Co (Colvard fine sandy loam) NWI classification: n/a
Are climatic / hydrologic conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes x No (If no, explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology significantly disturbed? Are "Normal Circumstances" present? Yes x No
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed, explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS — Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes X No Is the Sampled Area
Hydric Soil Present? Yes X No within a Wetland? Yes X No
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes X No
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Secondary Indicators (minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators (minimum of one is required: check all that apply) —Surface
Soil Cracks (136)
—Surface Water (Al)
—True Aquatic Plants (1314) —Sparsely
Vegetated Concave Surface (138)
_ High Water Table (A2)
—Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (Cl) —Drainage
Patterns (1310)
—Saturation (A3)
X Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots (C3) —Moss
Trim Lines (1316)
—Water Marks (131)
—Presence of Reduced Iron (C4) _
Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
—Sediment Deposits (132)
—Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils (C6) —Crayfish
Burrows (C8)
_ Drift Deposits (133)
—Thin Muck Surface (C7) —Saturation
Visible on Aerial Imagery (C9)
_Algal Mat or Crust (134)
—Other (Explain in Remarks) —Stunted
or Stressed Plants (D1)
—Iron Deposits (135)
_
Geomorphic Position (D2)
_ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
—Shallow
Aquitard (D3)
—Water-Stained Leaves (139)
_
Microtopographic Relief (D4)
Aquatic Fauna (1313)
X
FAC-Neutral Test (D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Water Table Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Saturation Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Wetland Hydrology
Present? Yes X No
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks:
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

VEGETATION (Four Strata)- Use scientific names of plants.
Sampling Point: S1
Tree Stratum (Plot size: )
% Cover Species?
Status
Dominance Test worksheet:
1
Number of Dominant Species
2.
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 2 (A)
3.
Total Number of Dominant
4.
Species Across All Strata: 2 (B)
5.
Percent of Dominant Species
6.
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 100.0% (A/B)
7.
Prevalence Index worksheet:
=Total Cover
Total % Cover of: Multiply by:
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
OBL species 0 x 1 = 0
Sapling/Shrub Stratum (Plot size:
)
FACW species 60 x 2 = 120
1.
FAC species 20 x 3 = 60
2.
FACU species 4 x 4 = 16
3.
UP species 0 x 5 = 0
4.
Column Totals: 84 (A) 196 (B)
5.
Prevalence Index = B/A = 2.33
6.
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
7.
_ 1 - Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
8.
X 2 - Dominance Test is >50%
9.
X 3 - Prevalence Index is <-3.0'
=Total Cover
4 - Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
Herb Stratum (Plot size: )
_ Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
1.
Ranunculus repens
20 Yes
FAC
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must be
2.
Juncus effusus
50 Yes
FACW
present, unless disturbed or problematic.
Definitions of Four Vegetation Strata:
3. Mentha arvensis 10 No FACW
4.
Taraxacum officinale
2 No
FACU
Tree - Woody plants, excluding vines, 3 in. (7.6 cm) or
5.
Festuca sp
10 No
more in diameter at breast height (DBH), regardless of
6.
Trifolium repens
2 No
FACU
height.
7.
Carex sp.
5 No
Sapling/Shrub - Woody plants, excluding vines, less
8.
than 3 in. DBH and greater than or equal to 3.28 ft (1
9
m) tall.
10.
Herb - All herbaceous (non -woody) plants, regardless of
11.
size, and woody plants less than 3.28 ft tall.
99 =Total Cover
Woody Vine - All woody vines greater than 3.28 ft in
50% of total cover:
50 20% of total cover:
20
height.
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size: )
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hydrophytic
=Total Cover
Vegetation
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Present? Yes X No
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont - Version 2.0

SOIL Sampling Point: S1
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth
Matrix
Redox Features
(inches)
Color (moist)
%
Color (moist) % Type' Locz Texture Remarks
0-2
10YR 4/2
80
10Y 5/1 20 Loamy/Clayey
2-7
10Y 5/1
100
Loamy/Clayey
7-12
5GY 4/1
100
Loamy/Clayey
'Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion,
Hydric Soil Indicators:
_ Histosol (Al)
_ Histic Epipedon (A2)
—Black Histic (A3)
_ Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
_ Stratified Layers (A5)
2 cm Muck (A10) (LRR N)
_ Depleted Below Dark Surface (A11:
_Thick Dark Surface (Al 2)
—Sandy Mucky Mineral (S1)
_ Sandy Gleyed Matrix (S4)
_ Sandy Redox (S5)
—Stripped Matrix (S6)
Dark Surface (S7)
Restrictive Layer (if observed):
Type:
Depth (inches):
Remarks:
RM=Reduced Matrix. MS=Masked Sand Grains
_ Polyvalue Below Surface (S8) (MLRA 147, 148)
_Thin Dark Surface (S9) (MLRA 147, 148)
_ Loamy Mucky Mineral (F1) (MLRA 136)
X Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
_ Depleted Matrix (F3)
_ Redox Dark Surface (F6)
_ Depleted Dark Surface (F7)
_ Redox Depressions (F8)
_ Iron -Manganese Masses (F12) (LRR N,
MLRA 136)
_ Umbric Surface (F13) (MLRA 122, 136)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19) (MLRA 148)
Red Parent Material (F21) (MLRA 127, 147, 148)
2Location: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
2 cm Muck (A10) (MLRA 147)
—Coast Prairie Redox (A16)
(MLRA 147, 148)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19)
(MLRA 136, 147)
—Red Parent Material (F21)
(outside MLRA 127, 147, 148)
—Very Shallow Dark Surface (F22)
Other (Explain in Remarks)
31ndicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
wetland hydrology must be present,
unless disturbed or problematic.
Hydric Soil Present? Yes X No
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers OMB Control #: 0710-0024, Exp: 1113012024
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA SHEET — Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region Requirement Control Symbol EXEMPT:
See ERDC/EL TR-12-9; the proponent agency is CECW-CO-R (Authority: AR 335-15, paragraph 5-2a)
Project/Site: Barker, Big Laurel Creek City/County: Creston/Ashe Sampling Date: 4/8/2024
Applicant/Owner: Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc./Garil Barker[] State: NC Sampling Point: S2
Investigator(s): David Pedersen Section, Township, Range:
Landform (hillside, terrace, etc.): Terrace Local relief (concave, convex, none): Concave Slope (%):
Subregion (LRR or MLRA): LRR N, MLRA 130B Lat: 36.457099 Long:-81.635199 Datum:
Soil Map Unit Name: Co (Colvard fine sandy loam) NWI classification: n/a
Are climatic / hydrologic conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes x No (If no, explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology significantly disturbed? Are "Normal Circumstances" present? Yes x No
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed, explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS — Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No X Is the Sampled Area
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No X within a Wetland? Yes No X
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No X
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Secondary Indicators (minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators (minimum of one is required: check all that apply) —Surface
Soil Cracks (136)
—Surface Water (Al)
—True Aquatic Plants (1314) —Sparsely
Vegetated Concave Surface (138)
_ High Water Table (A2)
—Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (Cl) —Drainage
Patterns (1310)
—Saturation (A3)
—Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots (C3) —Moss
Trim Lines (1316)
—Water Marks (131)
—Presence of Reduced Iron (C4) _
Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
—Sediment Deposits (132)
—Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils (C6) —Crayfish
Burrows (C8)
_ Drift Deposits (133)
—Thin Muck Surface (C7) —Saturation
Visible on Aerial Imagery (C9)
_Algal Mat or Crust (134)
—Other (Explain in Remarks) —Stunted
or Stressed Plants (D1)
—Iron Deposits (135)
_
Geomorphic Position (D2)
_ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
—Shallow
Aquitard (D3)
—Water-Stained Leaves (139)
_
Microtopographic Relief (D4)
Aquatic Fauna (1313)
FAC-Neutral Test (D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Water Table Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Saturation Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No X
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks:
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

VEGETATION (Four Strata)- Use scientific names of plants.
Sampling Point: S2
HDsoiuie uominani inaicaic
Tree Stratum (Plot size: ) % Cover Species? Status
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
=Total Cover
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Sapling/Shrub Stratum (Plot size:
)
1. Festuca sp
60 Yes
2. Ranunculus repens
20 Yes
3. Solanum carolinense
5 No
4. Rumex obtustfoltus
1 No
5. Iris sp.
2 No
6.
7.
8.
9.
88 =Total Cover
50% of total cover:
44 20% of total cover:
Herb Stratum (Plot size: )
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
=Total Cover
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size:
)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
=Total Cover
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
FACU
FAC
FACU
FACU
OBL
18
Dominance Test worksheet:
Number of Dominant Species
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 1 (A)
Total Number of Dominant
Species Across All Strata: 2 (B)
Percent of Dominant Species
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 50.0% (A/B)
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Total % Cover of: Multiply by:
OBL species 2 x 1 = 2
FACW species 0 x 2 = 0
FAC species 20 x 3 = 60
FACU species 66 x 4 = 264
UP species 0 x 5 = 0
Column Totals: 88 (A) 326 (B)
Prevalence Index = B/A = 3.70
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
_ 1 - Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
-2 - Dominance Test is >50%
-3 - Prevalence Index is :53.0'
4 - Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must be
present, unless disturbed or problematic.
Definitions of Four Vegetation Strata:
Tree - Woody plants, excluding vines, 3 in. (7.6 cm) or
more in diameter at breast height (DBH), regardless of
height.
Sapling/Shrub - Woody plants, excluding vines, less
than 3 in. DBH and greater than or equal to 3.28 ft (1
m) tall.
Herb - All herbaceous (non -woody) plants, regardless of
size, and woody plants less than 3.28 ft tall.
Woody Vine - All woody vines greater than 3.28 ft in
height.
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes No X
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont - Version 2.0

SOIL Sampling Point: S2
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth Matrix Redox Features
(inches) Color (moist) % Color (moist) % Type' Locz Texture Remarks
0-6 10YR 4/3 100 Loamy/Clayey Silty Loam
6-12 10YR 4/4 100 Loamy/Clayey
RM=Reduced Matrix. MS=Masked Sand Grains
Hydric Soil Indicators:
_ Histosol (Al)
_ Histic Epipedon (A2)
—Black Histic (A3)
_ Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
_ Stratified Layers (A5)
2 cm Muck (A10) (LRR N)
_ Depleted Below Dark Surface (A11)
_Thick Dark Surface (Al 2)
—Sandy Mucky Mineral (S1)
_ Sandy Gleyed Matrix (S4)
_ Sandy Redox (S5)
—Stripped Matrix (S6)
Dark Surface (S7)
Restrictive Layer (if observed):
Type:
Depth (inches):
Remarks:
_ Polyvalue Below Surface (S8) (MLRA 147, 148)
_Thin Dark Surface (S9) (MLRA 147, 148)
_ Loamy Mucky Mineral (F1) (MLRA 136)
_ Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
_ Depleted Matrix (F3)
_ Redox Dark Surface (F6)
_ Depleted Dark Surface (F7)
_ Redox Depressions (F8)
_ Iron -Manganese Masses (F12) (LRR N,
MLRA 136)
_ Umbric Surface (F13) (MLRA 122, 136)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19) (MLRA 148)
Red Parent Material (F21) (MLRA 127, 147, 148)
2Location: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
2 cm Muck (A10) (MLRA 147)
—Coast Prairie Redox (A16)
(MLRA 147, 148)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19)
(MLRA 136, 147)
—Red Parent Material (F21)
(outside MLRA 127, 147, 148)
—Very Shallow Dark Surface (F22)
Other (Explain in Remarks)
31ndicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
wetland hydrology must be present,
unless disturbed or problematic.
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No X
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers OMB Control #: 0710-0024, Exp: 1113012024
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA SHEET — Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region Requirement Control Symbol EXEMPT:
See ERDC/EL TR-12-9; the proponent agency is CECW-CO-R (Authority: AR 335-15, paragraph 5-2a)
Project/Site: Barker, Big Laurel Creek City/County: Creston/Ashe Sampling Date: 4/8/2024
Applicant/Owner: Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc./Garil Barker[] State: NC Sampling Point: S3
Investigator(s): David Pedersen Section, Township, Range:
Landform (hillside, terrace, etc.): Terrace Local relief (concave, convex, none): Concave Slope (%):
Subregion (LRR or MLRA): LRR N, MLRA 130B Lat: 36.457099 Long:-81.635199 Datum:
Soil Map Unit Name: Co (Colvard fine sandy loam) NWI classification: n/a
Are climatic / hydrologic conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes x No (If no, explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology significantly disturbed? Are "Normal Circumstances" present? Yes x No
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed, explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS — Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes X No Is the Sampled Area
Hydric Soil Present? Yes X No within a Wetland? Yes X No
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes X No
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Secondary Indicators (minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators (minimum of one is required: check all that apply) —Surface
Soil Cracks (136)
—Surface Water (Al)
—True Aquatic Plants (1314) —Sparsely
Vegetated Concave Surface (138)
_ High Water Table (A2)
—Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (Cl) —Drainage
Patterns (1310)
—Saturation (A3)
X Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots (C3) —Moss
Trim Lines (1316)
—Water Marks (131)
—Presence of Reduced Iron (C4) _
Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
—Sediment Deposits (132)
—Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils (C6) —Crayfish
Burrows (C8)
_ Drift Deposits (133)
—Thin Muck Surface (C7) —Saturation
Visible on Aerial Imagery (C9)
_Algal Mat or Crust (134)
—Other (Explain in Remarks) —Stunted
or Stressed Plants (D1)
—Iron Deposits (135)
_
Geomorphic Position (D2)
_ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
—Shallow
Aquitard (D3)
—Water-Stained Leaves (139)
_
Microtopographic Relief (D4)
Aquatic Fauna (1313)
X
FAC-Neutral Test (D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes
No Depth (inches):
Water Table Present? Yes
No Depth (inches):
Saturation Present? Yes X
No Depth (inches): 12
Wetland Hydrology
Present? Yes X No
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks:
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

VEGETATION (Four Strata)- Use scientific names of plants.
Sampling Point: S3
HDsoiuie uominani inaicaic
Tree Stratum (Plot size: ) % Cover Species? Status
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
=Total Cover
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Sapling/Shrub Stratum (Plot size: 10x10
)
1. Juncus effusus
40 Yes
2. Trifolium repens
5 No
3. Festuca sp.
10 No
4. Taraxacum officinale
5 No
5. Carex sp.
2 No
6.
7.
8.
9.
62 =Total Cover
50% of total cover:
31 20% of total cover:
Herb Stratum (Plot size: )
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
=Total Cover
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size:
)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
=Total Cover
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
FACW
FACU
FACU
FACU
13
Dominance Test worksheet:
Number of Dominant Species
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 1 (A)
Total Number of Dominant
Species Across All Strata: 1 (B)
Percent of Dominant Species
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 100.0% (A/B)
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Total % Cover of: Multiply by:
OBL species 0 x 1 = 0
FACW species 40 x 2 = 80
FAC species 0 x 3 = 0
FACU species 20 x 4 = 80
UP species 0 x 5 = 0
Column Totals: 60 (A) 160 (B)
Prevalence Index = B/A = 2.67
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
_ 1 - Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
X 2 - Dominance Test is >50%
X 3 - Prevalence Index is <-3.0'
4 - Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must be
present, unless disturbed or problematic.
Definitions of Four Vegetation Strata:
Tree - Woody plants, excluding vines, 3 in. (7.6 cm) or
more in diameter at breast height (DBH), regardless of
height.
Sapling/Shrub - Woody plants, excluding vines, less
than 3 in. DBH and greater than or equal to 3.28 ft (1
m) tall.
Herb - All herbaceous (non -woody) plants, regardless of
size, and woody plants less than 3.28 ft tall.
Woody Vine - All woody vines greater than 3.28 ft in
height.
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes X No
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont - Version 2.0

SOIL Sampling Point: S3
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth
Matrix
Redox Features
(inches)
Color (moist)
%
Color (moist) % Type' Locz Texture Remarks
0-2
10YR 4/3
100
Loamy/Clayey
2-6
5GY 5/1
100
Loamy/Clayey Some Sand
6-12
10YR 6/1
80
10Y 7/1 20 Loamy/Clayey Some sand
'Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion,
Hydric Soil Indicators:
_ Histosol (Al)
_ Histic Epipedon (A2)
—Black Histic (A3)
_ Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
_ Stratified Layers (A5)
2 cm Muck (A10) (LRR N)
_ Depleted Below Dark Surface (A11:
_Thick Dark Surface (Al 2)
—Sandy Mucky Mineral (S1)
_ Sandy Gleyed Matrix (S4)
_ Sandy Redox (S5)
—Stripped Matrix (S6)
Dark Surface (S7)
Restrictive Layer (if observed):
Type:
Depth (inches):
Remarks:
RM=Reduced Matrix. MS=Masked Sand Grains
_ Polyvalue Below Surface (S8) (MLRA 147, 148)
_Thin Dark Surface (S9) (MLRA 147, 148)
_ Loamy Mucky Mineral (F1) (MLRA 136)
X Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
X Depleted Matrix (F3)
_ Redox Dark Surface (F6)
_ Depleted Dark Surface (F7)
_ Redox Depressions (F8)
_ Iron -Manganese Masses (F12) (LRR N,
MLRA 136)
_ Umbric Surface (F13) (MLRA 122, 136)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19) (MLRA 148)
Red Parent Material (F21) (MLRA 127, 147, 148)
2Location: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
2 cm Muck (A10) (MLRA 147)
—Coast Prairie Redox (A16)
(MLRA 147, 148)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19)
(MLRA 136, 147)
—Red Parent Material (F21)
(outside MLRA 127, 147, 148)
—Very Shallow Dark Surface (F22)
Other (Explain in Remarks)
31ndicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
wetland hydrology must be present,
unless disturbed or problematic.
Hydric Soil Present? Yes X No
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers OMB Control #: 0710-0024, Exp: 1113012024
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA SHEET — Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region Requirement Control Symbol EXEMPT:
See ERDC/EL TR-12-9; the proponent agency is CECW-CO-R (Authority: AR 335-15, paragraph 5-2a)
Project/Site: Barker, Big Laurel Creek City/County: Creston/Ashe Sampling Date: 4/8/2024
Applicant/Owner: Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc./Garil Barker[] State: NC Sampling Point: S4
Investigator(s): David Pedersen Section, Township, Range:
Landform (hillside, terrace, etc.): Terrace Local relief (concave, convex, none): Concave Slope (%):
Subregion (LRR or MLRA): LRR N, MLRA 130B Lat: 36.457099 Long:-81.635199 Datum:
Soil Map Unit Name: Co (Colvard fine sandy loam) NWI classification: n/a
Are climatic / hydrologic conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes x No (If no, explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology significantly disturbed? Are "Normal Circumstances" present? Yes x No
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed, explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS — Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No X Is the Sampled Area
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No X within a Wetland? Yes No X
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No X
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Secondary Indicators (minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators (minimum of one is required: check all that apply) —Surface
Soil Cracks (136)
—Surface Water (Al)
—True Aquatic Plants (1314) —Sparsely
Vegetated Concave Surface (138)
_ High Water Table (A2)
—Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (Cl) —Drainage
Patterns (1310)
—Saturation (A3)
—Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots (C3) —Moss
Trim Lines (1316)
—Water Marks (131)
—Presence of Reduced Iron (C4) _
Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
—Sediment Deposits (132)
—Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils (C6) —Crayfish
Burrows (C8)
_ Drift Deposits (133)
—Thin Muck Surface (C7) —Saturation
Visible on Aerial Imagery (C9)
_Algal Mat or Crust (134)
—Other (Explain in Remarks) —Stunted
or Stressed Plants (D1)
—Iron Deposits (135)
_
Geomorphic Position (D2)
_ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
—Shallow
Aquitard (D3)
—Water-Stained Leaves (139)
_
Microtopographic Relief (D4)
Aquatic Fauna (1313)
FAC-Neutral Test (D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Water Table Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Saturation Present? Yes
No X Depth (inches):
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No X
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks:
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

VEGETATION (Four Strata)- Use scientific names of plants.
Sampling Point: S4
HDsoiuie uominani
inaicaior
Tree Stratum (Plot size: )
% Cover Species?
Status
Dominance Test worksheet:
1
Number of Dominant Species
2.
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 0 (A)
3.
Total Number of Dominant
4.
Species Across All Strata: 2 (B)
5.
Percent of Dominant Species
6.
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 0.0% (A/B)
7.
Prevalence Index worksheet:
=Total Cover
Total % Cover of: Multiply by:
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
OBL species 0 x 1 = 0
Sapling/Shrub Stratum (Plot size: 10x10
)
FACW species 0 x 2 = 0
1. Festuca sp.
70 Yes
FACU
FAC species 0 x 3 = 0
2. Trifolium repens
20 Yes
FACU
FACU species 100 x 4 = 400
3. Taraxacum officinale
10 No
FACU
UP species 0 x 5 = 0
4.
Column Totals: 100 (A) 400 (B)
5.
Prevalence Index = B/A = 4.00
6.
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
7.
_ 1 - Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
8.
-2 - Dominance Test is >50%
9.
3 - Prevalence Index is :53.0'
100 =Total Cover
4 - Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
50% of total cover:
50 20% of total cover:
20
data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
Herb Stratum (Plot size: )
_ Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
1
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must be
2.
present, unless disturbed or problematic.
Definitions of Four Vegetation Strata:
3.
4.
Tree - Woody plants, excluding vines, 3 in. (7.6 cm) or
5.
more in diameter at breast height (DBH), regardless of
6
height.
7.
Sapling/Shrub - Woody plants, excluding vines, less
8.
than 3 in. DBH and greater than or equal to 3.28 ft (1
9
m) tall.
10.
Herb - All herbaceous (non -woody) plants, regardless of
11.
size, and woody plants less than 3.28 ft tall.
=Total Cover
Woody Vine - All woody vines greater than 3.28 ft in
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
height.
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size: )
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hydrophytic
=Total Cover
Vegetation
50% of total cover:
20% of total cover:
Present? Yes No X
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont - Version 2.0

SOIL Sampling Point: S4
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth Matrix Redox Features
(inches) Color (moist) % Color (moist) % Type' Locz Texture Remarks
0-12 10YR 3/6 100 Loamy/Clayey Silty Loam
RM=Reduced Matrix. MS=Masked Sand Grains
Hydric Soil Indicators:
_ Histosol (Al)
_ Histic Epipedon (A2)
—Black Histic (A3)
_ Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
_ Stratified Layers (A5)
2 cm Muck (A10) (LRR N)
_ Depleted Below Dark Surface (A11)
_Thick Dark Surface (Al 2)
—Sandy Mucky Mineral (S1)
_ Sandy Gleyed Matrix (S4)
_ Sandy Redox (S5)
—Stripped Matrix (S6)
Dark Surface (S7)
Restrictive Layer (if observed):
Type:
Depth (inches):
Remarks:
_ Polyvalue Below Surface (S8) (MLRA 147, 148)
_Thin Dark Surface (S9) (MLRA 147, 148)
_ Loamy Mucky Mineral (F1) (MLRA 136)
_ Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
_ Depleted Matrix (F3)
_ Redox Dark Surface (F6)
_ Depleted Dark Surface (F7)
_ Redox Depressions (F8)
_ Iron -Manganese Masses (F12) (LRR N,
MLRA 136)
_ Umbric Surface (F13) (MLRA 122, 136)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19) (MLRA 148)
Red Parent Material (F21) (MLRA 127, 147, 148)
2Location: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
2 cm Muck (A10) (MLRA 147)
—Coast Prairie Redox (A16)
(MLRA 147, 148)
—Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19)
(MLRA 136, 147)
—Red Parent Material (F21)
(outside MLRA 127, 147, 148)
—Very Shallow Dark Surface (F22)
Other (Explain in Remarks)
31ndicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
wetland hydrology must be present,
unless disturbed or problematic.
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No X
ENG FORM 6116-4, FEB 2024 Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Version 2.0

NC WAM WETLAND ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5
USACE AID#: NCDWR #:
Project Name Barker - Big Laurel Creek WNCSI Site Date of Evaluation 4/08/2024
Applicant/Owner Name Brushy Fork Env. Consulting/Garil Barker Wetland Site Name W1
Wetland Type Seep Assessor Name/Organization David Pedersen/BFEC
Level III Ecoregion Blue Ridge Mountains Nearest Named Water Body Big Laurel Creek
River Basin New USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 05050001
County Ashe NCDWR Region Asheville
f: Yes (` No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude (deci-degrees) 36.45684,-81.63045
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if
appropriate, in recent past (for instance, approximately within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited
to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby
septic tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? r Yes (: No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? (: Yes (` No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
r Anadromous fish
r Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
r NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
r Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
r Publicly owned property
r N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
F Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
r Designated NCNHP reference community
r Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
` Blackwater
` Brownwater
Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ,``- Lunar ,``- Wind Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? i ` Yes ,` No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? Yes No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? r Yes No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure
(VS) in the assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,
then rate the assessment area based on evidence of an effect.
GS VS
(o A (o A Not severely altered
(" B r B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing,
less diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and
duration (Sub). Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only
while a ditch > 1 foot deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
r A : A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
(: B B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
C `- C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation
change) (examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column for each group below. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland
type (WT).
AA WT
3a. r A r A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 foot deep
(' B ("' B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
(o- C (o C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
r D (' D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. C A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
(- B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
ro C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot
4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape

feature. Make soil observations within the 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for
regional indicators.
4a. r A Sandy soil
r B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
(` C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
r D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
r E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. (e A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
r B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. (o` A No peat or muck presence
r B A peat or muck presence
Discharge into Wetland — opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub).
Examples of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
(o A a A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
r B C B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
(" C (` C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
Land Use — opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources
draining to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the
assessment area (5M), and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M). Effective riparian buffers
are considered to be 50 feet wide in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont ecoregions and 30 feet wide in the Blue Ridge Mountains ecoregion.
WS 5M 2M
A F A F A >_ 10% impervious surfaces
B F B F B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants)
C F C F C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
D F D F D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
E F E F E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
F F F F F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
G I- G F G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent dainage and/or overbank flow from affectio the
assessment area.
Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer — assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
( Yes (' No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is weltand? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
A >_ 50 feet
B From 30 to < 50 feet
C From 15 to < 30 feet
(" D From 5 to < 15 feet
(' E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
("` <- 15-feet wide ("` > 15-feet wide r Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
("` Yes (— No
7e. Is tributary or other open water sheltered or exposed?
(" Sheltered — adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
(" Exposed — adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
Wetland Width at the Assessment Area — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes
and Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp
Forest only)
Check a box in each column. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and the wetland complex at the
assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
(` A (` A >_ 100 feet
r B r B From 80 to < 100 feet
r C r C From 50 to < 80 feet
r D r D From 40 to < 50 feet
r E r E From 30 to < 40 feet
r F r F From 15 to < 30 feet
(' G r G From 5 to < 15 feet
r H r H < 5 feet
9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
(" A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
(" B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
r C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.

` B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
` C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT WC FW (if applicable)
A C`- AA >_ 500 acres
B (" B` B From 100 to < 500 acres
tr C (" C ` C From 50 to < 100 acres
D C' D C4 D From 25 to < 50 acres
tr E (" E (" E From 10 to < 25 acres
r F C` F C' F From 5 to < 10 acres
( G (" G ( G From 1 to < 5 acres
( H (" H (" H From 0.5 to < 1 acre
( I (" I (" I From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
(o J (o J (" J From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
C K r K K < 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
(` A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
B Pocosin is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
metric naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility
line corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, fields (pasture open and agriculture), or water > 300 feet wide.
Well Loosely
r A r A >_ 500 acres
(" B C' B From 100 to < 500 acres
(` C (o C From 50 to < 100 acres
(i D (" D From 10 to < 50 acres
( E (" E < 10 acres
C F C' F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
,' - Yes i`- No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directiions? If the assessment area is clear-cut,
select option "C."
(- A 0
r B 1 to 4
�—. C 5 to 8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
(t B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or
clearing. It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
C` C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in
at least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (<10% cover of exotics).
` B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
` C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (>50% cover of exotics).
17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
,`- Yes C__ No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
(— A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
r— B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider structure
in airspace
above the
assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA
WT
a
C` A
(" A
Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
0
C
m
(+' B
(" B
Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U
(" C
(f C
Canopy sparse or absent
T
o
(" A
C A
Dense mid-story/sapling layer
(" B
(" B
Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
(+ C
C: C
Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
n (" A (— A Dense shrub layer
� (+ B (i B Moderate density shrub layer

U) C C r C Shrub layer sparse or absent
n ( A (" A Dense herb layer
f: B f: B Moderate density herb layer
_ ( C (" C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12-inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
B Not A
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
(" A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
(" B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12-inch DBH.
(i C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
(- A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
fo B Not A
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater
Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
f'A (`B (� C D
L
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization,
diversion, man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
i`- A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
C B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
(` C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
r D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual
Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name W1
Date
4/08/2024
Wetland Type Seep
Assessor Name/Organization
David Pedersen/BFEC
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open
water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions
(Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
NA
Sub -Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
NA
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Particulate Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Physical Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
HIGH
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics/Notes
Rating
Hydrology Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Condition
MEDIUM
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM WETLAND ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5
USACE AID#: NCDWR #:
Project Name Barker - Big Laurel Creek WNCSI Site Date of Evaluation 4/08/2024
Applicant/Owner Name Brushy Fork Env. Consulting/Garil Barker Wetland Site Name W2
Wetland Type Seep Assessor Name/Organization David Pedersen/BFEC
Level III Ecoregion Blue Ridge Mountains Nearest Named Water Body Big Laurel Creek
River Basin New USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 05050001
County Ashe NCDWR Region Asheville
f: Yes (` No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude (deci-degrees) 36.456848,-81.629360
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if
appropriate, in recent past (for instance, approximately within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited
to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby
septic tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? r Yes (: No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? (: Yes (` No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
r Anadromous fish
r Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
r NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
r Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
r Publicly owned property
r N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
F Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
r Designated NCNHP reference community
r Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
` Blackwater
` Brownwater
Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ,``- Lunar ,``- Wind Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? i ` Yes ,` No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? Yes No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? r Yes No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure
(VS) in the assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,
then rate the assessment area based on evidence of an effect.
GS VS
(o A (o A Not severely altered
(" B r B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing,
less diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and
duration (Sub). Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only
while a ditch > 1 foot deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
r A (o A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
r B f- B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
(: C `- C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation
change) (examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column for each group below. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland
type (WT).
AA WT
3a. r A r A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 foot deep
(' B ("' B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
(o- C (o C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
r D (' D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. C A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
(- B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
ro C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot
4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape

feature. Make soil observations within the 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for
regional indicators.
4a. r A Sandy soil
r B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
(` C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
r D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
r E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. (e A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
r B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. (o` A No peat or muck presence
r B A peat or muck presence
Discharge into Wetland — opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub).
Examples of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
(o A a A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
r B C B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
(" C (` C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
Land Use — opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources
draining to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the
assessment area (5M), and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M). Effective riparian buffers
are considered to be 50 feet wide in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont ecoregions and 30 feet wide in the Blue Ridge Mountains ecoregion.
WS 5M 2M
A F A F A >_ 10% impervious surfaces
B F B F B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants)
C F C F C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
D F D F D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
E F E F E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
F F F F F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
G I- G F G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent dainage and/or overbank flow from affectio the
assessment area.
Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer — assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
( Yes (' No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is weltand? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
A >_ 50 feet
B From 30 to < 50 feet
C From 15 to < 30 feet
(" D From 5 to < 15 feet
(' E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
("` <- 15-feet wide ("` > 15-feet wide r Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
("` Yes (— No
7e. Is tributary or other open water sheltered or exposed?
(" Sheltered — adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
(" Exposed — adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
Wetland Width at the Assessment Area — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes
and Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp
Forest only)
Check a box in each column. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and the wetland complex at the
assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
(` A (` A >_ 100 feet
r B r B From 80 to < 100 feet
r C r C From 50 to < 80 feet
r D r D From 40 to < 50 feet
r E r E From 30 to < 40 feet
r F r F From 15 to < 30 feet
(' G r G From 5 to < 15 feet
r H r H < 5 feet
9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
(" A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
(" B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
r C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.

` B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
` C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT WC FW (if applicable)
A C`- AA >_ 500 acres
B (" B` B From 100 to < 500 acres
tr C (" C ` C From 50 to < 100 acres
D C' D C4 D From 25 to < 50 acres
tr E (" E (" E From 10 to < 25 acres
r F C` F C' F From 5 to < 10 acres
tr G (" G ( G From 1 to < 5 acres
tr H (" H (" H From 0.5 to < 1 acre
r I (" I (" I From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
tr J (" J (" J From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
tri K (t K K < 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
` A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
` B Pocosin is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
metric naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility
line corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, fields (pasture open and agriculture), or water > 300 feet wide.
Well Loosely
r A r A >_ 500 acres
(" B C' B From 100 to < 500 acres
(" C r C From 50 to < 100 acres
(" D (" D From 10 to < 50 acres
( E (" E < 10 acres
C: F C. F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
,' - Yes i`- No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directiions? If the assessment area is clear-cut,
select option "C."
(- A 0
r B 1 to 4
�—. C 5 to 8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
(t B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or
clearing. It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
C' C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in
at least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (<10% cover of exotics).
C' B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
(" C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (>50% cover of exotics).
17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
,`- Yes C__ No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
r A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
r B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider structure
in airspace
above the
assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA
WT
a
k— A
(" A
Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
0
C
m
("' B
(" B
Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U
(+ C
(f C
Canopy sparse or absent
T
o
(" A
C A
Dense mid-story/sapling layer
(" B
(" B
Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
(+ C
C: C
Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
n (" A (— A Dense shrub layer
� ("` B ("` B Moderate density shrub layer

U) (i C (i C Shrub layer sparse or absent
n (`' A (" A Dense herb layer
C B (: B Moderate density herb layer
_ (*— C (" C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12-inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
B Not A
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
(" A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
(" B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12-inch DBH.
(i C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
(- A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
fo B Not A
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater
Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
f'A C`B C'C D
L
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization,
diversion, man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
i`- A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
C B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
(— C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
r D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual
Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name W2
Date
4/08/2024
Wetland Type Seep
Assessor Name/Organization
David Pedersen/BFEC
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open
water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions
(Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
NA
Sub -Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
NA
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Particulate Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Physical Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics/Notes
Rating
Hydrology Condition
LOW
Water Quality Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence? (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW