WQ0000884_Annual Report_20240228

Initial Review
Reviewer
nathaniel.thorn burg
Is this submittal an application? (Excluding additional information.) *
Yes No
If not an application what is the submittal type?* Annual Report
Residual Annual Report
Additional Information
Other
Annual Report Year* 2023
Permit Number (IR) * WQ0000884
Applicant/Permittee Butterball, LLC
Email Notifications
Does this need review by the hydrogeologist? * Yes No
Regional Office
CO Reviewer
Admin Reviewer

Submittal Form
Project Contact Information
Please provide information on the person to be contacted by NDB Staff regarding electronic submittal, confirmation of receipt, and other correspondence.
Name* Abigail Brinkman
Email Address*
[e-mail]
Project Information
11 .........................
Application/Document Type*
New (Fee Required)
Modification - Major (Fee Required)
Renewal with Major Modification (Fee
Required)
Annual Report
Additional Information
Other
Phone Number*
9194243745
Modification - Minor
Renewal
GW-59, NDMR, NDMLR, NDAR-1,
N DAR-2
Residual Annual Report
Change of Ownership
We no longer accept these monitoring reports through this portal. Please click on the link below and it will take you to the correct form.
https://edoes.deq.nc.gov/Forms/NonDischarge_Monitoring_Report
Permit Type:*
Wastewater Irrigation
High -Rate Infiltration
Other Wastewater
Reclaimed Water
Closed -Loop Recycle
Residuals
Single -Family Residence Wastewater
Other
Irrigation
Permit Number:*
WQ0000884
Has Current Existing permit number
Applicant/Permittee Address*
1628 Garner Chapel Road, Mt. Olive NC 28365
Facility Name*
Butterball - Mt. Olive WWTF
Please provide comments/notes on your current submittal below.
This Annual Groundwater Report is submitted by Butterball, LLC to satisfy the requirement of Section 1.5 of Permit WQ0000884.
At this time, paper copies are no longer required. If you have any questions about what is required, please contact Nathaniel Thornburg
at [e-mail].
Please attach all information required or requested for this submittal to be reviewed here.
(Application Form, Engineering Plans, Specifications, Calculations, Etc.)
2024_WQ0000884_GWReport.pdf 3MB
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* By checking this box, I acknowledge that I understand the application will not be accepted for pre -review until the fee (if required) has
been received by the Non -Discharge Branch. Application fees must be submitted by check or money order and made payable to the
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). I also confirm that the uploaded document is a single PDF with all parts
of the application in correct order (as specified by the application).
Mail payment to:
NCDEQ — Division of Water Resources
Attn: Non -Discharge Branch
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
Signature
04-otailfft'r.bar "
Submission Date 2/28/2024

BUTTERBALL ANNUAL
GROUNDWATER REPORT
FEBRUARY 28, 2024
01.1"I Dewberry®
SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO
Dewberry Engineers Inc. North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
2610 Wycliff Road Division of Water Resources — Non -Discharge Branch
Suite 410 512 N. Salisbury Street, Site 11
Raleigh, NC 27607 Raleigh, NC 27604
ON BEHALF OF
Butterball
1628 Garner Chapel Road
Mt. Olive, NC 28365

0" Dewberry
Table of Contents
Tableof Contents.............................................................................................
Introduction.....................................................................................................
Groundwater Monitoring Well Data...............................................................
CorrectiveAction..............................................................................................
Conclusion........................................................................................................
Tables and Attachments
Table 1 2023 Monitoring Well Sampling Results
Table 2 2oo8-2023 Groundwater Standard Exceedances
Attachment A. Average Monitoring Well Groundwater Concentration
...................................1
.......................................... 2
............................................ 3
............................................ 7
............................................ 8
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1"' Dewberry
Introduction
Butterball operates a turkey processing facility in Mt Olive, NC. The facility operates a 2 million gallon per day (MGD)
wastewater treatment plant for the treatment of process wastewater prior to land application under the auspices of
Wastewater Irrigation System Permit WQ0000884.
Sanitary wastewater is pretreated in a ioo,000-gallon per day (GPD) package treatment plant which was replaced in
2oi8-2oig. The new package plant consists of the following:
• Mechanical bar screen,
• 25,000-gallon aerated equalization tank
• Dual train 37,500 gallon each aeration tanks
• Dual train 22,000 gallon each clarifier, and
• Associated piping, valves, and controls.
Treated sanitary wastewater is discharged to the 13-million-gallon (MG) lagoon which is part of the industrial
wastewater plant described below.
The industrial wastewater treatment plant consists of the following:
• 1 MG flow equalization tank with mixers
• Two dissolved air flotation (DAF) units with polymer feed
• A DAF sludge pump station
• DAF sludge storage tank
• DAF sludge decant observation tank
• 13 MG aerated lagoon with five 6o HP surface aerators
• 41 MG holding lagoon with three 20 HP surface aerators
• Chlorine disinfection, and
• Associated piping, valves, and controls.
Upgrades to the wastewater treatment system have been continuously performed by Butterball to improve the
operation and performance of the plant and reduce loading on the spray irrigation fields. In 2otu, Butterball began
using peracetic acid in the production facility which resulted in lower wastewater effluent volumes. In 2ot1 Butterball
also upgraded the DAF and offal system to improve the performance of the wastewater treatment system, in
particular to enhance nitrogen, phosphorous, suspended solids, and organics removal.
Effluent from the 41 MG lagoon is pumped via four ioo HP pumps and two 5o HP booster irrigations to the spray
irrigation system. The spray irrigation system is currently permitted for 556.88 acres with 35 fields, which includes
73.7o acres of newly permitted fields. These fields were added by Butterball in 2017 in order to upgrade and expand
the irrigation system to reduce loading on the existing fields. The additional acreage will allow for existing fields to be
periodically removed from service to perform maintenance activities. Five of the new fields (13A (an expansion of 13),
14,15C, 16, and 18) were constructed and brought online in 2o18 for a cumulative additional acreage of 48.66 acres.
Six of the fields (15A,15B, 17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D) with a cumulative acreage of 25.04 acres have been permitted but
have yet to be constructed. A site plan for the land application system is provided as the attached Figure 1.
In addition to the 2017 spray irrigation system upgrade, Butterball again modified the permit to upgrade the WWTP
in 2o18. This upgrade included replacement and enhancement of the sanitary wastewater pretreatment system to
increase nitrogen, phosphorous, suspended solids, and organics removal and thereby reduce loading on the fields.
Recent permit issuances included a new requirement for Butterball to submit an annual report summarizing any
exceedances of permitted monitored well limits and corrective action taken. This requirement is found in Section I(6)
of the most recent issuance of WQ0000884 (August 30, 2022). This 2024 submittal satisfies this requirement.
Annual reports are submitted by March 1 each year.
1 2of8

Dewberr
Groundwater Monitoring Well Data
2023 Monitoring Well Data
Table 1 summarizes the monitoring well data collected during the reporting period January 1, 2023 — December 31,
2023. Analysis of 2023 data in the context of historical data is provided in subsequent sections.
In 2023, exceedances of groundwater standards were observed in six wells for at least one parameter. An exceedance
of the nitrate standard was observed in MW-22, MW-38, MW-39, MW-40, and MW-41 during the January, May, and
September sampling events. MW-24 exceeded the nitrate standard in May. MW-38 exceeded the TDS standard in
January, May, and September.
Nine monitoring wells did not experience exceedances of the groundwater standards for any parameter during the
2023 sampling events. The pH for all wells was below the groundwater standard range for all three sampling events in
all wells. No exceedances were observed for ammonia -nitrogen and chloride in any well in 2023.
Historical Data Analvsis
Monitoring well sampling results from 2oo8-2023 were analyzed in order to evaluate trends in groundwater results.
This period was selected as operations at the Butterball facility prior to 2oo8 were different enough from current
operations that a comparative analysis is less meaningful. Table 2 attached presents a summary of parameter
exceedances by year and monitoring well.
The chloride groundwater standard of 250 mg/l was exceeded in MW-27 in 2oo8. Chloride has not exceeded the
standard during any other sampling events since 2oo8 and therefore will not be discussed further in this report.
The total dissolved solids (TDS) groundwater standard of 500 mg/l was exceeded in five monitoring wells in 2oo8
(MW-23, MW-24, MW-27, MW-3o, and MW-34). An exceedance of the TDS groundwater standard occurred in 2015
in MW-21; however, this is an upgradient well and is not impacted by irrigation activities. The TDS groundwater
standard has been exceeded in MW-38 during 11 of the past 12 years. Additional analysis of the TDS results in MW-38
will be addressed below.
The nitrate groundwater standard of 10 mg/l was exceeded in MW-38 in at least one sampling event per year from
2011-2023. MW-27 has also historically experienced consistent exceedances of the nitrate groundwater standard,
however, an exceedance of the nitrate groundwater standard has not occurred at MW-27 since the January 2o18
sampling event. Nitrate exceedances have been observed in MW-39 in 2019-2023. MW-38 and MW-39 nitrate results
will be analyzed in additional detail below. Nitrate exceedances in other wells have been sporadic, do not represent a
trend, and therefore will not be analyzed in additional further in this report. Nitrate exceedances have been observed
in MW-40 in 2o18, 2019, 2022, and 2023 and MW-41 in 2021, 2022, and 2023; however, those two wells were
installed in 20177 and historical data is not available.
Butterball currently monitors 15 wells which include review boundary and compliance boundary wells. A review
boundary is defined as a boundary around a permitted disposal facility, midway between a waste boundary and a
compliance boundary at which groundwater monitoring is required (15A NCAC 02L.0102). A compliance boundary is
defined as a boundary around a disposal system at and beyond which groundwater quality standards may not be
exceeded (15NCAC 02L.0102). With the exception of MW-40, 21, 22, and 28, all groundwater exceedances since 2009
have occurred in review boundary wells. An exceedance of groundwater standards at a review boundary well is not
necessarily indicative of an exceedance at the compliance boundary or at the Butterball property line. Corrective
action taken by Butterball to address exceedances at the review boundary wells is described herein. It should be
noted that MW-40, which was installed in 2017, is a compliance boundary well but it is downgradient of Fields 15A
and 15B which have not been constructed.
1 3of8

1"' Dewberry
Total Dissolved Solids
MW-38 exceeded the TDS standard in 2023 and is the only monitoring well with consistent historic TDS exceedances.
The TDS concentration in MW-38 has exceeded the groundwater standard of 500 mg/l in 14 of the 37 samples
collected from 2011-2023. Figure 1 presents the MW-38 TDS groundwater concentration and the cumulative mass of
TDS applied to the Fields 1A, 1B, and 1C which are immediately upgradient of MW-38.
Figure 1. MW-38 TDS Analysis
10,000
900
9,000
800
8,000
700
7,000
600
6,000
^
8
500 E
a
5,000
0
_
N
c
400 0
c
4,000
u°
x
300
3,000
+II
2,000
ii
.' ;.;
li
I �. 6•': is
c't i
200
1,000
't E'�
'
100
• ,�
0
0
�'L�1y
\��1ti \ry0ti0 ���•�� \�Otih \�O1b
\�Oti� ti��O1� ti�~Oy�
ti��O�O 1�ryOryy ti��O�~
1�ryo~3 ti�ryOryp
Mass of TDS Applied to 1A, 1B, 1C
t MW-38TDS Concentration •••••••••
30 per. Mov. Avg. (Mass of TDS Applied to 1A, 1B, 1C)
The MW-38 groundwater concentration appears to correlate fairly well to the mass of TDS applied to Fields iA, 1B,
and 1C. The decline in MW-38 TDS concentration observed in January 2014, September 2016, September 2018, and
September 202o are preceded by decreases in the mass of TDS applied to 1A, 1B, and 1C. In addition, the increase in
MW-38 concentration observed in January and May 2017 and May and September 2019 are preceded by an increase
in the TDS mass applied to these fields. The increase in September 2022 and 2023 is preceded directly by an increase
in TDS loading to upgradient fields. The MW-38 TDS concentration appears to be impacted by operation of the
sprayfields. Ongoing activities to address this impact are addressed in the Corrective Action section.
Nitrate
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1"' Dewberry
Nitrate has historically exceeded the groundwater standard in MW-22, MW-27, MW-38, and MW-39. MW-38 is
downgradient of fields 1A, 1B, and 1C. These three fields collectively represent 112.82 acres which is 21% of the total
active sprayfield area. MW-27 is downgradient of fields 7 and 7A. These two fields collectively represent 15.69 acres
which is 2.9% of the total active sprayfield area. Active area refers to the 531.84 acres that have been constructed to
date. MW-22 is upgradient and MW-39 is downgradient of a sprayfield that has not been constructed. Therefore, the
elevated nitrate on both fields is not likely a result of impacts of spray irrigation.
Attachment A presents a map showing the average nitrate concentration at each well across the Butterball site.
Attachment A demonstrates that exceedance of nitrate groundwater standards is not a widespread issue at the site but
rather is isolated to a few monitoring wells, historically MW-27 and MW-38. This year, historical averages of MW-38,
MW-39 and MW-41 have exceeded nitrate standards, but MW-27 has not. A historical analysis of MW-27 and MW-38
nitrate concentrations versus loading to upgradient fields is presented below.
Figure 2 presents the MW-38 nitrate groundwater concentration and the cumulative mass of total nitrogen applied
daily to Fields iA,1B, and 1C.
Figure 2. MW-38 Nitrogen Analysis
2,500 100
90
2,000
80
70
1,500
60
a
E
50
�
v
`o
1,000
40
30
500
20
10
1/1/2011
1/1/2012 1/1/2013 1/1/2014 1/1/2015 1/1/2016 1/1/2017 1/1/2018 1/1/2019 1/1/2020 1/1/2021 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2024
Mass TN Applied to 1A, 1B, 1C t MW-38 NO3 ......... 30 per. M— Avg. (Mass TN Applied to 1A, 1B, 1C)
The MW-38 nitrate concentration correlates at times with operation of the fields 1A, 1B, and 1C. Decreases in nitrate
concentration observed in September 2o16 and May 2o18 are preceded by decreases in the mass of TN applied to
these fields. However, the trend in MW-38 and TN loading to fields iA,1B, and 1C do not always correlate. An
increase in nitrate concentration observed in May 2o16 and September 2017 are preceded by periods of declining
nitrogen loading on the fields. In addition, the nitrate concentration declined continuously from September 2013
through September 2014 during a period when nitrogen loading on the fields was continuously increasing.
Additionally, in 2019, the nitrate concentration in MW-38 increased when January and May 2019 samples were
collected after a period of declining mass loading on these fields. In 2020 the nitrate concentration in MW-38
increased in the January 202o after a period of increased loading on fields 1A, 1B, and 1C and then declined in May
and September 2020 when loading also declined. The nitrate concentration in MW-38 during the January 2022
1 5of8

1"' Dewberry
sampling event was below io mg/1, but after loading increased in February and March, MW-38 increased. The nitrate
concentration in MW-38 during the January, May, and September sampling events for 2023 were above io mg/1.
Figure g presents the MW-27 nitrate groundwater concentration with the total mass of total nitrogen applied to the
Fields 7 and 7A.
MW-27 nitrate results show significant variability over time. Historically the nitrate mass applied to upgradient fields
7 and 7A has not correlated with the MW-27 nitrate results. However, since 2019, the nitrate concentration at MW-27
has remained below the groundwater standard until 2023. The nitrate result for MW-27 does correlate well with the
mass of nitrate applied to fields 7 and 7A. The MW-27 nitrate concentration declined significantly from May 2oo8 to
September 2oo8 during a period when nitrogen loading to the upgradient fields was relatively stable. In addition, the
MW-27 nitrate concentration decreased significantly from May 2015 to September 2015 during a period when the
nitrogen loading to upgrade fields was increased. The MW-27 concentration increased sharply in September 2017 to
January 2o18 without a corresponding increase in the total nitrogen loading to upgradient fields. The long-term
average nitrate concentration in MW-27 is below the groundwater standard of io mg/1, however, the nitrate
concentration increased in the 2023 sampling events.
MW-38 and MW-27 nitrate concentrations do not consistently correlate well to the mass of nitrogen applied to the
fields. It is not clear at this time what is causing nitrate groundwater standard exceedances in MW-27 and MW-38;
however, it is likely a combination of multiple factors such as historical operation of the fields, precipitation,
background nitrate from upgradient agricultural sources, and wastewater composition including parameters such as
biochemical oxygen demand and salts. The January, May, and September results from the background well MW-22
exceeded the groundwater standard. Salts applied to the fields can impact infiltration rates, which can impact
treatment efficiencies in the system. Biochemical oxygen demand must be available for denitrification of nitrate to
occur within the soil matrix. Maintenance activities described below are intended to address salt build-up in the fields
and improve infiltration rates.
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1"' Dewberry -
Corrective Action
Butterball has undertaken multiple steps to address groundwater standard exceedances for nitrate and TDS in review
boundary well MW-27 and review boundary well MW-38. In 2017, Butterball expanded and upgraded its irrigation
system to permit an additional 73.7 acres of irrigable acreage. This additional acreage has allowed Butterball to reduce
hydraulic and constituent loading on the fields. Currently, Butterball has constructed 48.66 acres of new fields and
began using the additional area in 2o18. Prior to the installation of the new fields, the average daily volume applied to
Fields 1A, 1B, and 1C was 320,000 gpd from 2oo8 — 2017. The reduction in irrigation volume for Fields 1A, 1B, and 1C
can be seen in Table 3 below. Even with a significant reduction in volumetric loading, MW-38 data indicated
exceedances in the groundwater standard in 2023.
Table 3. Volumetric Reduction of Irrigation for Fields 1A,1 B, and 1 C
MrAverage
Daily Volum
rcent Reduction of Irrigation Volume
Compared to Pre-2018 Irrigation Volumes
(gpd)
N
: o11
:0 1fo
In addition, Butterball will use the additional acreage to periodically remove fields from service for maintenance
activities. In September 2o18, Field 1B, the single largest permitted field, was removed from service and underwent a
series of disking and idle periods in order to allow for the degradation of organic matter that has accumulated in the
field. In addition to disking and idle periods, gypsum addition occurred in January 2019 to improve the exchangeable
sodium percentage of the fields. Prior to rehabilitation, only 25% of Field 1B was functioning within normal soil and
infiltration conditions. Post -rehabilitation analysis indicates that after rehabilitation over 89% of the field area was
functioning within normal soil and infiltration conditions. Interim results indicate a >800% increase in the
infiltration rates within Field 1B and suggest that the selected maintenance improved the performance of the field.
Butterball replaced the sanitary package pretreatment plant in 2018 with construction completed in 2o19. This
upgrade will enhance the sanitary wastewater pretreatment system to increase nitrogen, phosphorous, suspended
solids, and organics removal and thereby reduce loading on the fields.
Butterball removed Fields iA and 1C from service in November 2019. Pre-rehabflitation soil analysis was performed
followed by a series of disking and gypsum addition and idle periods. Post-rehabflitation sampling was performed in
March 2020. Prior to the rehabilitation of Field 1A, only 21.8 % of the fields were functioning within soil and
infiltration conditions while post-rehabflitation 95.4% of the field was within normal limits. Prior to the rehabilitation
of Field 1C, no portion of the field was operating within normal limits for soil and infiltration conditions and post -
rehabilitation 93.2 % was within normal limits. Following the rehabilitation, additional trenching was installed in
Field 1A to provide drainage for two depressions that were consistently wet.
Butterball completed maintenance activities at Fields 8b and 8c in 2022. Both fields were taken offline for
rehabilitation for four months. Butterball disced and applied gypsum and lime to both fields. Maintenance on Fields
2A and 2B was completed in 2023.
Butterball will closely observe if the additional irrigable acreage, maintenance activities on Field 2A and 2B and
upgraded sanitary pretreatment plant will have an impact on MW-27 and MW-38 nitrate results.
Butterball initiated an evaluation of the existing spray fields in the fourth quarter of 2023. The study execution will
continue through early 2024 to complete soil sampling and testing activities. Butterball has contracted with soil
scientists and hydrogeologists to evaluate the current condition of 46o acres of the existing sprayfields.
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1"' Dewberry
Conclusion
Groundwater monitoring wells have demonstrated periodic exceedances of nitrate, nitrite, and TDS standards at the
Butterball facility. TDS exceedances have been isolated to MW-38 since 2009. MW-38 TDS results correlate with the
operation of Fields 1A, 1B, and 1C. Maintenance of Fields iA and 1C is completed as of this report date. A steady
decline in TDS concentrations in MW-38 was observed in 2018, likely as a result of the reduced loading due to the
addition of new fields. Sampling data from MW-38 has shown an overall decreasing trend until an increase in
September 2022. Butterball will observe the TDS results during 2024 to evaluate if maintenance activities have
continued to impact TDS results in MW-38.
Nitrate exceedances have sporadically occurred in multiple monitoring wells across the site but have largely been
isolated to review boundary wells MW-27 and MW-38. Attachment A demonstrates that exceedance of nitrate
groundwater standards is not a widespread issue at the site but rather is isolated to two monitoring wells, MW-27 and
MW-38. Analysis of historical nitrogen loading to upgradient fields for each monitoring well does not demonstrate a
strong correlation with the MW-27 and MW-38 nitrate concentrations. However, the groundwater nitrate
concentration is impacted by a variety of factors such as infiltration rates, the availability of organic constituents to
support denitrification in the soil matrix, and the nitrogen available to support crop production.
Butterball has permitted 73.7 acres of additional irrigable acreage in order to reduce hydraulic and contaminant
loading on existing fields. The additional acreage will also allow for existing fields to be removed from service
periodically for maintenance. New fields were made operational in 2o18, allowing Butterball to initiate maintenance
activities for Field 1B the same year. Since initiating the operation of the new fields, Butterball has reduced hydraulic
loading to Fields 1A, 1B, and 1C by at least 12%.
Butterball completed maintenance activities at Field 1B in 2018-2oi9. Butterball targeted Field 1B initially as it is the
single largest field and is upgradient of MW-38. Maintenance activities for Fields 1A and 1C were initiated in
November 2oi9 and were completed in March 2020.
Butterball is currently taking action to address groundwater exceedances. Improvement has already been observed in
MW-38 monitoring results with the reduced loading from the addition of new fields. Results of maintenance on Field
1B suggest that field performance will be improved by the actions taken and, if the MW-38 are largely impacted by
irrigation, an improvement in MW-38 results will be observed over time. Field iA and 1C maintenance is completed
and the impact of these activities should continue to be evaluated.
1 8of8

Table 1
2023 Monitoring Well Sampling Results
Butterball, Mt Olive, NC
Sampling Date
Water Level From
Top of Casing.
pH
Total Organic
Carbon
Fecal
Coliform
Total
Dissolved
Solids
Total
Phosphorus
Ammonia-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrite-N
Chloride
Units
-
feet
a.u.
mg/I
MPN/100 mL
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
Groundwater Standard
-
6.5-8.5
-
1
500
-
1.5
10
1
250
1/12/2023
9.8
4.1
1.2
<1
161
0.04
<0.2
18.1
0.02
14
MW-22
5/4/2023
8.1
4.4
1.5
<1
128
0.47
<0.2
12.5
0.02
30
9/8/2023
8.4
4.4
0.9
<1
117
0.14
<0.2
11.4
0.02
13
1/12/2023
8.2
4.5
2.4
<1
346
0.15
<0.2
8.28
0.02
122
MW-23
5/4/2023
7.8
5.7
1.5
<1
335
1
<0.2
0.86
0.07
46
9/8/2023
8.8
5.1
2.6
<1
157
3.06
<0.2
3.47
0.06
34
1/12/2023
10.6
4.7
49
<1
154
0.05
0.2
9.21
0.02
49
MW-24
5/4/2023
11.7
4.9
0.4
<1
24
0.15
0.2
1.8
0.02
5
9/8/2023
11.2
4.9
1
<1
90
0.26
0.2
9.6
1 0.05
15
1/12/2023
10.6
4.2
1.9
<1
478
0.04
0.2
0.02
171
MW-27
5/4/2023
8.9
4.8
0.5
<1
79
0.08
0.2
8.23
0.02
11
9/8/2023
8.17
5.8
0.5
<1
89
0.08
0.2
5.8
0.02
17
1/12/2023
13.9
4.4
0.8
<1
60
0.4
<0.20
5.16
0.04
4.4
MW-28
5/4/2023
9.8
4.9
0.5
<1
58
0.2
<0.20
3.65
0.02
5
9/8/2023
9.9
5.2
0.5
<1
85
0.14
<0.20
5.98
0.02
5
1/12/2023
9.6
5.7
0.5
<1
87
0.14
<0.2
0.04
<0.02
73
MW-29
5/4/2023
9.6
5.4
1.3
<1
87
0.09
<0.2
0.1
<0.02
9
9/8/2023
12.4
4.3
0.5
<1
96
1.13
<0.2
1 0.02
<0.02
11
1/12/2023
14
4.8
0.5
<1
99
0.04
<0.2
5.23
<0.02
10
MW-34
5/4/2023
12.1
5.3
0.5
<1
87
0.2
<0.2
8.38
<0.02
9
9/8/2023
13.3
4.7
0.5
<1
125
0.12
<0.2
8.72
0.1
15
1/12/2023
14.1
5.2
0.6
<1
87
0.04
<0.20
1.65
<0.03
5
MW-35
5/4/2023
12.3
5.7
0.5
<1
46
0.25
<0.20
1.99
<0.02
6
9/8/2023
14.2
5.3
0.5
<1
56
0.27
<0.20
1.07
<0.08
5
1/12/2023
13.8
5
0.7
<1
73
0.14
<0.2
2.31
1 <0.02
11
MW-36
5/4/2023
12
5.1
0.5
<1
42
0.04
<0.2
0.4
<0.02
6
9/8/2023
13.4
5.1
0.5
<1
47
1.46
<0.2
0.85
0.07
8
1/12/2023
17.1
4.7
0.8
<1
137
0.04
<0.20
9.37
<0.02
40
MW-37
5/4/2023
16.3
5
0.5
<1
123
0.04
<0.20
0.4
<0.02
30
9/8/2023
18.2
4.3
0.5
<1
158
0.06
<0.20
7.63
<0.02
44
1/12/2023
19.5
4.1
2.4
<1
64
0.04
<0.2
55.1
0.02
196
MW-38
5/4/2023
20.1
4.4
1 1.5
<1
73
0.22
<0.2
21.4
0.02
43
9/8/2023
20.8
4.4
1.5
<1
8
0.67
<0.2
68.3
0.02
217
1/12/2023
18.7
4.0
0.5
<1
235
0.36
<0.2
16.70
0.02
98
MW-39
5/4/2023
18.3
4.3
0.5
<1
173
0.05
<0.2
18.3
0.02
52
(CP-1)
9/8/2023
19.1
4.1
0.5
<1
217
0.1
<0.2
16.10
0.02
71
1/12/2023
13.2
4.6
0.5
<1
19
0.04
<0.02
23.8
0.02
37
MW-40
5/4/2023
11.5
4.9
0.5
<1
210
1.23
<0.02
20.1
0.02
55
(CP 2)
9/8/2023
12.8
4.8
0.5
<1
364
0.47
<.02
10.8
0.02
68
1/12/2023
16.3
4.2
0.5
<1
315
0.04
0.2
36.1
0.02
50
MW-41
5/4/2023
15.3
4.2
0.5
<1
139
0.11
0.2
18.8
0.02
31
(CP-3)
9/8/2023
15.8
4.2
0.5
<1
1305
0.47
<0.2
23.3
0.02
85
1/12/2023
10.05 .2
4.7
1.5
<1
78
0.04
<0.02
0.99
0.02
14
MW 42
5/4/2023
3
5
1
<1
82
0.24
<0.02
1.08
0.02
16
(CP 4)
9/8/2023
11.4
4.7
1
<1
78
0.42
<.02
1
0.02
13
Denotes an exceedance of groundwater standard.
* Note: pH at the site has historically been below the groundwater standard range even in upgradient wells.
1i22n024 Dewberry

Table 2
2008-2023 Groundwater Standard Exceedances
0utterball, Mt Olive, NC
Monitoring Well
Boundary Type
Location
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
MW-21
Not Applicable
Upgradient
TDS
MW-22
Not Applicable
Upgradient
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Fecal*
Nitrite-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrite-N
MW-23
Review
Downgradient
NiTDte-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-24
Review
Downgradient
NiTDte-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-27
Review
Downgradient
TDS
Nitrate-N
Chloride
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-28
Not Applicable
Upgradient
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-29
Compliance
Downgradient
MW-31
Review
Downgradient
MW-32
Review
Downgradient
MW-33
Review
Downgradient
MW-34
Review
Downgradient
NiTDte-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-35
Compliance
Downgradient
MW-36
Compliance
Downgradient
MW-37
Review
Downgradient
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-38
Review
Downgradient
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
TDS
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
TDS Nitrate
N
TDS
Nitrate-N
MW-39 (CP-1)
Review
Downgradient
I
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW10 P-2 (C)
Compliance
Downgradient
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW-41 (CP-3)
Review
Downgradient
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
Nitrate-N
MW42 CP4
Compliance
Downgradient
Indicates the monitoring well was not in-service.
The detection limit used was above the groundwater standard
Acronyms
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
MW Monitoring Well
1/22/2024 M Dewberry,

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