HomeMy WebLinkAbout#5601_2023_0914_TLH_FINAL
NC Department of Environmental Quality | Division of Water Resources | Laboratory Certification Branch
4405 Reedy Creek Road | 1623 Mail Service Center | Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1623
919-733-3908
November 14, 2023
5601
Mr. Kenneth Coleson
Town of Columbia
P.O. Box 361
Columbia, NC 27925
Mr. Coleson
Subject: North Carolina Wastewater/Groundwater Laboratory Certification Branch (NC
WW/GW LCB) Maintenance Inspection
Dear Mr. Coleson:
Enclosed is a report for the inspection performed on September 14, 2023 by Tom Halvosa. I
apologize for the delay in getting this report to you. Where Finding(s) are cited in this report, a
response is required. Within thirty days, please supply this office with a written item for item
description of how these Finding(s) were corrected. Please describe the steps taken to prevent
recurrence and include an implementation date for each corrective action. If the Finding(s) cited
in the enclosed report are not corrected, enforcement actions may be recommended. For
Certification maintenance, your laboratory must continue to carry out the requirements set forth
in 15A NCAC 02H .0800.
A copy of the laboratory’s Certified Parameter List at the time of the audit is attached. This list will
not reflect any changes made during the audit. Copies of the checklists completed during the
inspection may be requested from this office. Thank you for your cooperation during the
inspection. If you have questions or need additional information, please contact me at (919) 733-
3908 Ext. 259.
Sincerely,
Beth Swanson
Technical Assistance & Compliance Specialist
Division of Water Resources
Attachment
cc: Todd Crawford, Tom Halvosa, #5601
On-Site Inspection Report
LABORATORY NAME: Town of Columbia
NPDES PERMIT #: NC0020443 and NC0007510
ADDRESS: 606 Light St
Columbia, NC 27925
CERTIFICATE #: 5601
DATE OF INSPECTION: September 14, 2023
TYPE OF INSPECTION: Field Municipal Maintenance
AUDITOR: Tom Halvosa
LOCAL PERSON(S) CONTACTED:
Kenneth Coleson and William Davenport
I. INTRODUCTION:
This laboratory was inspected by a representative of the North Carolina Wastewater/Groundwater Laboratory
Certification Branch (NC WW/GW LCB) to verify its compliance with the requirements of 15A NCAC 02H
.0800 for the analysis of compliance monitoring samples.
II. GENERAL COMMENTS:
The facility is neat and well organized and has all the equipment necessary to perform the analyses. Staff
were forthcoming and responded well to suggestions from the auditor.
All required Proficiency Testing (PT) Samples have been analyzed and the laboratory has fulfilled its PT
requirements for the 2023 PT Calendar Year.
The laboratory does not have Quality Assurance (QA) and/or Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
document(s) in place for all currently certified parameter methods. These documents must be submitted
for review as specified in Finding A.
The laboratory is reminded that SOPs are required to be reviewed at least every two years and are intended
to describe procedures exactly as they are to be performed. Use of the word “should” is not appropriate when
describing requirements (e.g., Quality Control (QC) frequency, acceptance criteria, etc.). Evaluate all SOPs
for the proper use of the word “should”.
Contracted analyses are performed by Waypoint Analytical - Greenville (Certification # 10).
Approved Procedure documents for the analysis of the facility’s currently certified Field Parameters were
provided at the time of the inspection.
Page 2
#5601 Town of Columbia
III. FINDINGS, REQUIREMENTS, COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
Documentation
A. Finding: The laboratory does not have QA/SOP documents for each certified parameter
method nor a documented plan for PT procedures.
Requirement: Laboratory Procedures. Laboratory procedures shall comply with
Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule. A copy of each analytical method or Approved Procedure
and Standard Operating Procedure shall be available to each analyst and available for
review upon request by the State Laboratory. Standard Operating Procedure
documentation shall state the effective date of the document and shall be reviewed every
two years and updated if changes in procedures are made. Each laboratory shall have a
formal process to track and document review dates and any revisions made in all Standard
Operating Procedure documents. Supporting Records shall be maintained as evidence that
these practices are implemented. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: Laboratories must have a documented plan [this is usually detailed in the
laboratory’s Quality Assurance Manual or may be a separate Standard Operating
Procedure (SOP)] of how they intend to cover the applicable program requirements for
Proficiency Testing per their scope of accreditation. This plan shall cover any commercially
available PT Samples and any inter-laboratory organized studies, as applicable. The plan
must also address the laboratory’s process for submission of PT Sample results and related
Corrective Action Reports (CARs). Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements, January 1,
2023, Revision 6, Section 3.0.
Comment: These SOPs must be submitted for review upon completion with at least two
submitted no later than February 1, 2024 and the rest by May 1, 2024. SOP templates
have been developed and are available for download on the NC WW/GW LCB website.
Comment: The laboratory’s PT procedure may be outlined in each of the applicable
parameter method SOPs. The NC WW/GW LCB SOP Templates include a section for the
PT procedure.
B. Finding: The laboratory is lacking a documented training program.
Requirement: Each laboratory shall develop and implement a documented training program
that includes the following: that staff have the education, training, experience, or demonstrated
skills needed to generate quality control results within method-specified limits and that meet
the requirements of these Rules; that staff have read the laboratory quality assurance manual
or applicable Standard Operating Procedures; that staff have obtained acceptable results on
Proficiency Testing Samples pursuant to Rule .0803(1) of this Section or other demonstrations
of proficiency (e.g., side-by-side comparison with a trained analyst, acceptable results on a
single-blind performance evaluation sample, an initial demonstration of capability study
prescribed by the reference method). Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (5).
Comment: The laboratory’s training program may be outlined in each of the applicable
parameter SOPs. The NC WW/GW LCB SOP Templates include an Employee Training
section. The documented training program must be submitted no later than May 1, 2024.
C. Finding: All laboratory benchsheets are lacking required documentation: the method or
Standard Operating Procedure reference; the laboratory identification; the instrument
identification and the quality control assessments.
Page 3
#5601 Town of Columbia
Requirement: All laboratories shall use printable laboratory benchsheets. Certified Data shall
be traceable to the associated sample analyses and shall consist of: the method or Standard
Operating Procedure; the laboratory identification; the instrument identification; the quality
control assessments. Each item shall be recorded each time samples are analyzed. Analyses
shall conform to methodologies found in Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule. Ref: 15A NCAC
02H .0805 (g) (2) (A), (B), (C) and (O).
Comment: The laboratory was provided with customized benchsheets with all the pertinent
documentation requirements for both permits at the time of inspection.
D. Finding: The laboratory benchsheet for temperature is lacking required documentation: the
proper units of measure.
Requirement: All laboratories shall use printable laboratory benchsheets. Certified Data shall
be traceable to the associated sample analyses and shall consist of: the proper units of
measure. Each item shall be recorded each time samples are analyzed. Analyses shall
conform to methodologies found in Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H
.0805 (g) (2) (L).
E. Finding: Error corrections are not properly performed.
Requirement: All documentation errors shall be corrected by drawing a single line through
the error so that the original entry remains legible. Entries shall not be obliterated by erasures
or markings. Wite-Out®, correction tape, or similar products designed to obliterate
documentation are not to be used; instead the correction shall be written adjacent to the error.
The correction shall be initialed by the responsible individual and the date of change
documented. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (1).
Comment: Errors are written over. Corrections are not dated or initialed.
F. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting traceability information for purchased materials,
reagents and standards. Cited previously on September 25, 2012.
Requirement: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (a) (7) (K) and (g) (7) requires laboratories to have a
documented system of traceability for the purchase, preparation, and use of all chemicals,
reagents, standards, and consumables. That system must include documentation of the
following information: Date received, Date Opened (in use), Vendor, Lot Number, and
Expiration Date (where specified). A system (e.g., traceable identifiers) must be in place that
links standard/reagent preparation information to analytical batches in which the solutions are
used. Documentation of solution preparation must include the analyst’s initials, date of
preparation, the volume or weight of standard(s) used, the solvent and final volume of the
solution. This information as well as the vendor and/or manufacturer, lot number, and
expiration date must be retained for primary standards, chemicals, reagents, and materials
used for a period of five years. Consumable materials such as pH buffers, lots of pre-made
standards and/or media, solids and bacteria filters, etc. are included in this requirement. Ref:
NC WW/GW LCB Traceability Documentation Requirements for Chemicals, Reagents,
Standards and Consumables Policy (03/27/2020).
Comment: The laboratory was provided with an example receipt log for purchased materials,
reagents and standards at the time of the inspection.
G. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting the variables used to calibrate the Dissolved
Oxygen (DO) meter.
Page 4
#5601 Town of Columbia
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: The following must be documented in indelible ink whenever sample analysis
is performed: Calibration variables (temperature, elevation or barometric pressure [in mmHg],
and salinity). Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Dissolved
Oxygen (DO).
Requirement: Per NC WW/GW LC Branch policy, facilities may use the Salinity default value
of zero when calibrating the DO meter unless it is known or suspected that the Salinity value
of the samples being analyzed is > 9 ppt. In those situations, actual Salinity values must be
used. Regardless of which value is used, it must be documented. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB
Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Dissolved Oxygen (DO).
H. Finding: The Total Residual Chlorine (TRC) benchsheet is lacking required
documentation: Date of most recent calibration curve verification.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: The following must be documented in indelible ink whenever sample analysis
is performed: Date of most recent calibration curve generation or calibration curve verification.
Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Total Residual Chlorine (DPD
Colorimetric by SM 4500 Cl G-2011).
I. Finding: Chemical containers are not dated when received and when opened.
Requirement: Chemical containers shall be dated when received and when opened. Ref:
15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (7).
Proficiency Testing
J. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting PT Sample analyses. Cited previously on
September 25, 2012.
Requirement: All PT Sample analyses must be recorded in the same daily analysis records
(e.g., benchsheets) as for any Compliance Sample. This serves as the permanent laboratory
record. Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements, January 1, 2023, Revision 6, Section 3.6.
Requirement: The laboratory shall retain all records necessary to facilitate historical
reconstruction of the analysis and reporting of analytical results for PT Samples. This means
the laboratory must have available and retain for five years [pursuant to 15A NCAC 02H .0805
(a) (7) (E) and (g) (1)] all of the raw data, including benchsheets, instrument printouts and
calibration data, for all PT Sample analyses and the associated QC analyses conducted by
all Parameter Methods. Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements, January 1, 2023, Revision 6,
Section 4.0.
Comment: The laboratory’s current practice is to record the instrument reading directly into
the PT Vendor’s electronic submission form. No record of the analysis is maintained.
K. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting the preparation of PT Samples. Cited previously
on September 25, 2012.
Page 5
#5601 Town of Columbia
Requirement: PT Samples received as ampules are diluted according to the Accredited PT
Sample Provider’s instructions. It is important to remember to document the preparation of PT
Samples in a traceable log or other traceable format. The diluted PT Sample then becomes a
routine Compliance Sample and is added to a routine sample batch for analysis. No
documentation is needed for whole volume PT Samples which require no preparation,
however the instructions must be maintained. Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements, January
1, 2023, Revision 6, Section 3.6.
Comment: Dating and initialing the instruction sheet for each prepared PT Sample would
satisfy the documentation requirement.
L. Finding: PT Samples are not being distributed among all analysts from year to year.
Requirement: Laboratories shall also ensure that, from year to year, PT Samples are equally
distributed among personnel trained and qualified for the relevant tests and instrumentation
(when more than one instrument is used for routine Compliance Sample analyses), that
represents the routine operation of the work group at the time the PT Sample analysis is
conducted. Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements, January 1, 2023, Revision 6, Section 3.6.
Chlorine, Total Residual – Standard Methods, 4500 Cl G-2011 (Aqueous)
M. Finding: Values less than the established reporting limit are being reported on the Discharge
Monitoring Report (DMR).
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule. Ref:
15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: For all calibration options, the range of standard concentrations must bracket
the permitted discharge limit concentration, the range of sample concentrations to be analyzed
and anticipated PT Sample concentrations. One of the standards must have a concentration
less than the permitted Daily Maximum Limit. The lower reporting limit concentration is equal
to the lowest standard concentration. Sample concentrations that are less than the lower
reporting limit must be reported as a less-than value. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved
Procedure for the Analysis of Total Residual Chlorine (DPD Colorimetric by SM 4500 Cl G-
2011).
Comment: The lowest standard concentration analyzed in the most recent calibration curve
verification was 10 µg/L. Samples with concentrations less than that must be reported as < 10
µg/L on the DMR.
N. Finding: The laboratory failed to perform corrective action when the analysis of the Daily
Check Standard was outside the recovery acceptance criterion.
Requirement: If quality control results fall outside established limits or indicate an analytical
problem, the laboratory shall identify the Root Cause of the failure. The problem shall be
resolved through corrective action, the corrective action process documented, and any
samples involved shall be reanalyzed, if possible. If the sample cannot be reanalyzed, or if
the quality control results continue to fall outside established limits or indicate an analytical
problem, the results shall be qualified as such. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (8).
Requirement: When an annual five-standard Factory-set Calibration Curve verification is
used, the laboratory must check the calibration curve each analysis day. To do this, the
laboratory must zero the instrument with a Calibration Blank and analyze a Daily Check
Standard (gel-type standards are most widely used for these purposes). The value obtained
Page 6
#5601 Town of Columbia
for the Daily Check Standard must read within ±10% of the true value of the Daily Check
Standard for standards ≥50 μg/L and within ±25% of its true value for standards <50 μg/L. If
the obtained value is outside of the acceptance limits, corrective action must be taken. Ref:
NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Total Residual Chlorine (DPD
Colorimetric by SM 4500 Cl G-2011).
Comment: The results of the Daily Check Standard were consistently more than 10% higher
than the assigned true value going back to January 31, 2020 when the Daily Check Gel
Standard was put into use. The meter’s calibration was recently verified on September 12,
2023 and the Gel standard was assigned a true value of 146 µg/L. The laboratory documented
Daily Check Standard results of 194 µg/L and 195 µg/L on September 14, 2023 which is
around 33% greater than the true value assigned on September 12, 2023. During the
inspection, the analyst removed the cuvette housing and cleaned the optics using a can of
compressed gas. Afterwards, the Daily Check Standard results averaged around 156 µg/L
after several readings. It was agreed that the laboratory would contact the NC DEQ
Washington Regional Office and determine if they need to qualify all compliance sample
results on their DMRs where the Daily Check Standard QC failed. On September 29, 2023
they successfully performed another five-standard calibration verification and re-assigned a
true value to the Gel standard of 140 µg/L.
Dissolved Oxygen – Standard Methods, 4500 O G-2016 (Aqueous)
O. Finding: The DO membrane was dirty, indicating the need for cleaning and required
maintenance.
Requirement: Each facility shall have glassware, chemicals, supplies, equipment, and a
source of water that meets the criteria of the approved methodologies. Samples shall be
analyzed in such a manner that contamination or error will not be introduced. Ref: 15A NCAC
02H .0805 (g) (6).
Requirement: Once the sensors have been properly installed, remember that periodic
cleaning and DO membrane changes are required. If the membrane is coated with oxygen
consuming (e.g., bacteria) or oxygen producing organisms (e.g., algae), erroneous readings
may occur. Ref: YSI Model 556 Operators Manual, 11.1 and 11.1.1.
Comment: The analyst could not recall the last time the membrane cap was changed or other
maintenance was performed.
pH - Standard Methods, 4500 H+ B-2011 (Aqueous)
P. Finding: Corrective action is not performed when the pH calibration check standard does not
read within ± 0.1 S.U. of the true value.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule. Ref:
15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: All check standard buffers must read within ±0.1 S.U. to be acceptable. If the
meter verification does not read within ±0.1 S.U., corrective actions must be taken before any
samples are analyzed. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of pH.
Comment: If the check buffer does not read within ± 0.1 S.U., the laboratory should first try
pouring a new aliquot of the check buffer and reading it again. If it still does not read within ±
0.1 S.U., the meter must be recalibrated. If, after recalibration, the check buffer does not read
within ± 0.1 S.U., the meter and/or probe operation may be suspect and may require servicing.
Page 7
#5601 Town of Columbia
If the laboratory does not have a back-up meter/electrode, or another meter/electrode cannot
be procured, the laboratory is required to report the measured pH results with a qualifier that
indicates the value is estimated.
Reporting
Q. Finding: Qualified Data is not reported as such on the DMR.
Requirement: Each certified Field Laboratory shall be in accordance with Paragraph (e) of
this Rule. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (17).
Requirement: Reported data associated with quality control failures, improper sample
collection, holding time exceedances, or improper preservation shall be qualified as such. Ref:
15A NCAC 02H .0805 (e) (5).
Comment: Data qualifiers from the contract laboratory reports are not transferred to the DMR.
Comment: The laboratory did not qualify pH results on days that the Daily QC Check Buffer
QC failed. It was agreed that the laboratory would contact the NC DEQ Washington Regional
Office and determine if they need to amend previous DMR reports to qualify all compliance
pH sample results where the Daily Check Buffer QC failed.
IV. CONCLUSIONS:
We are concerned with the Findings that were cited previously and not corrected. The number and
severity of the Findings may make much of the data reported by the laboratory appear questionable
to third parties.
Laboratory Decertification Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0807 (a) (1), (13), (14) and (20):
A laboratory may be decertified for any or all parameters for up to one year for any or all of the
following infractions:
(1) Failing to maintain the facilities, or records, personnel, equipment, or quality control
program as set forth in these Rules; or
(13) Failing to respond to requests for information by the date due; or
(14) Failing to comply with any other terms, conditions, or requirements of this Section or of
Laboratory certification.
(20) Failing to correct findings in an inspection report.
Correcting the above-cited Findings will help this laboratory to produce quality data and meet
Certification requirements. The inspector would like to thank the staff for their assistance during
the inspection and data review process. Please respond to all Findings and include supporting
documentation, implementation dates and steps taken to prevent recurrence for each
corrective action.
Report prepared by: Tom Halvosa Date: September 28, 2023
Report reviewed by: Jason Smith Date: October 4, 2023
Certificate Number:5601
Effective Date:1/1/2023
Expiration Date:12/31/2023
Lab Name:Town of Columbia
Address:606 Light St
Columbia, NC 27925
North Carolina Wastewater/Groundwater Laboratory Certification
Certified Parameters Listing
Date of Last Amendment:11/9/2021
The above named laboratory, having duly met the requirements of 15A NCAC 2H.0800, is hereby certified for the measurement of the parameters listed below.
CERTIFIED PARAMETERS
INORGANIC
CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL
SM 4500 Cl G-2011 (Aqueous)
DISSOLVED OXYGEN
SM 4500 O G-2016 (Aqueous)
pH
SM 4500 H+B-2011 (Aqueous)
TEMPERATURE
SM 2550 B-2010 (Aqueous)
This certification requires maintance of an acceptable quality assurance program, use of approved methodology, and satisfactory performance on evaluation samples. Laboratories are subject to civil penalties and/or decertification for infractions
as set forth in 15A NCAC 2H.0807.