NC0088897_Engineering Alternatives Analysis_20100318

ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES
_ ANALYSIS
for
CITY OF KING, N.C.
CITY OF KING, NC
WATER TREATMENT
PLANT IMPROVEMENTS
March 2010
Commission No. 60091377
Prepared by:
AECOM
AECOM USA, Irvc.
IQ PATEWOOD DRIVE, BUILDING VI
SUITE 500
GREENVILLE, SC 29615
MAR Is 2WID

Jack Warren, Mayor
CITY OF KING John Cater, City Manager
P.O. Drawer 1132
King, NC 27021-1132
September 1, 2009
229 S. Main Street
Telephone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Mr. Steve Tedder
Regional Water Quality S upervisp
North Carolina Department of rent and ITT i '` { aEural`Re§oure+es
Division of Water Quality
-
585 Waughtown Street
Winston-Salem, NC 2 OTIlk
Dear Mr. Tedder, A
Subject. City of ~ C Water.Treatment. Plant Discharge
AECOM Pro, :# 6009E1481: ,n.4
The City of Kiag { ity has recei red fur Notice of nlati �ntn o f %tom to lrnforce dated June 4 2009
lnVd efei 66d r er !
g fh aboi discliar h � asdmrourtgwi you sud Rc�ri �obae, the City pog�ses the
concein
follow
solutrori'f compliance for 3rciur review.y
i � rJ 1 •
In an effort tQ bring the current, t i 'tl#ei +e be abooi to ansolidate the
7 F 4 i' �!•:L -Al
l
NPDES permit for:ihe'tnrrent,pdant vthe,arc� ep's, i he same acpiment for this
�.
process and bo ti !ogould disch$rg� ittko Q d icl o�i tl tom- ve fbrl vard:ii'ifi thejcanstruction of the
t �:. r
sludge devvater�lg-;pis d't±sigttted �ii' the: n�v � � ;; . _ ;�
3 MGD water p tproject {vvliuc>t it a ctui�eat dad future plant would titre). This cvnstructio�n t�vouldfh iclude an upgrade
r
to the existing x wmp statioill'a�`filt&b--I- press b`iil 'W146 uld house.a 1.0 pmeterbel • ` ss, new 300,000
gallon sludge decaurt/ "ckeni tam dechlorinatioa equipirient, three newmanho�es, new controls '9 electrical
. . , -. -
modifications. Pipel aWOMUL
and r+e utes would b� o'n coed to . t1 astevt to existing discharge
point. The dewatered -d bet onsported to the of Winston 3g1ft landfill for dispam. A process diagram is
included with this letter
s
If this is acceptable, we will'sOipit the design package for an Authorization to Construct ETC). It is estimated that
construction will be completed ia- 12 m6ntbs 44zi the ATC is receiveji :!Ae intended schedule is:
Receive ATC
Advertisement for Bids —1 month
Notice of Award —1 month
Notice to Proceed —1 month
Construction — 9 months
COUNCILMEN
Mayor Pro Tempore Dillard Burnette — Carolyn Byerly — Term Fowler — Gray Southern

If you have any questions or if additional information is needed for your concurrence with the project, Please call at
[phone] or email at kinacitymanaaer(&,,ci.kina.nc.us and copy those listed below.
Sincerely,
ohn Cater
City Manager, City of King
Enclosures: As noted
Copy to Scott Barrow, P.E., City Engineer, City of King, sbarroMgdIjpg.nc.us
Gene Haynes, AECOM, Gene.Havnes(&aecom.com
David Rankin; AECOM, David.Rankin(a),aecom.com

AECOM
Project City of King. NC WTP Project No. 60091481
Title Proposed Sludge Demtering Process Phase
Date 08/272009
Des By Dept Rev Date
Ckd By Sketch SK-1 Sheet No. 1 Of 1
C � f
- 0- L
SEDIMENTATION
BASINS (1, 2, 3, 4)
FILTERS (1, 2)
UPGRADE WASTEWATER NEW SLUDGE DECANT
PUMP STATION AND NEW THICKENING TANK
DECHLORINATION EQUIPMENT (300.000 GALLONS)
NEW FILTER
BELT PRESS
BUILDING
NEW DISCHARGE
MANHOLE
TO OLD
RICHMOND CREEK
I Ref Drawing:
i

*Grzyb, Julie
From:
Grzyb, Julie
Sent:
Wednesday, November 18, 2009 5:52 PM
To:
Stallings, Hannah
Cc:
Belnick, Tom
Subject:
FW: King, NC WTP EA
Hannah,
I have no comments regarding the revised EA submittal from AECOM on behalf of the City of King.
The responses cited to questions #3-6 are adequate. FYI, I had a discussion with David Rankin of AECOM on
Nov. 18th and he cited the typo in the second paragraph of Section 4.2 as identified below. Also, I requested
that he add dechlorination equipment to the list of capital improvements. He cites that below as well.
Note, dechlorination equipment is listed on page three of the Final EA.
I will drop off the tracking sheet and the Final EA to your office tomorrow.
Julie
From: Rankin, David [mailto: David. Ran [e-mail]]
Sent: Wednesday, November 18, 2009 5:42 PM
To: Grzyb, Julie
Subject: King, NC WTP EA
Julie,
The maximum discharge to Old Richmond Creek for the new 3.0 MGD WTP will be 131,000 GPD. There will be roughly
half the flow from the sedimentation basins and filters at 3.0 MGD as when the 6.0 MGD plant is online. The belt press
will operate with the same flows regardless of plant size. As stated in the response letter, the maximum at 6.0 MGD will
be 241,000 GPD due to the doubling of sedimentation basins and filters.
There is a typo in the second paragraph of Section 4.2. The paragraph should read "1.0 meter filter belt press" instead
of "2.0 meter filter belt press."
Also in Section 4.2, "De -chlorination equipment" should be added to the list of capital improvements required for this
alternative.
Please let me know if there is any additional information you need. Thanks.
David Rankin
Engineer II
D 864.234.3059
David. Rankin(@-aecom.com
AECOM
10 Patewood Drive, Building VI, Suite 500
Greenville, SC 29615
T 864.234.3000 F 864.234.3069
www.aecom.com

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ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS:
City of King WTP Improvements
Forsyth County, North Carolina
MR Prepared for:
City of King, North Carolina
229 S. Main Street
King, North Carolina 27021
Phone: [phone]
Contact: Scott Barrow
rw
Prepared by:
'1' AECOM
10 Patewood Drive, Building VI, Suite 500
Greenville, SC 29615
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Contact: David Rankin
MR
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MR
M,
City of King WTP
6949 Donnaha Road
Tobaccoville, NC 27050
Phone: [phone]
Operator: Eddie Willard
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. DETERMINE IF THE PROPOSED DISCHARGE WILL BE ALLOWED ......................... 1
H. PROVIDE REASONABLE PROJECTIONS FOR WASTEWATER FLOW ....................... 8
III. EVALUATE TECHNOLOGICALLY FEASIBLE ALTERNATIVES ................................ 9
IV. EVALUATE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF ALTERNATIVES ................................... 15
TABLES
TABLE I ALTERNATIVE COST SUMMARY.............................................................. 21
TABS
TAB 1
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES
p►
REPORT
TAB 2
SERVICE AREA MAP
M,
TAB 3
SAMPLE WTP LIMITS
TAB 4
YADKIN-PEE DEE RIVER BASIN MAP
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TAB 5
SOILS MAPS
MR
TAB 6
STREAM CLASSIFICATIONS
TAB 7
ALTERNATIVE A - CONNECTION TO AN EXISTING WASTEWATER
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TREATMENT PLANT
OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS
SCHEMATIC
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TAB 8
ALTERNATIVE B - LAND APPLICATION
OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS
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FIELD AREA NOMOGRAPH
STORAGE LAGOON CALCULATION
SCHEMATIC
TAB 9
ALTERNATIVE C - WASTEWATER REUSE
p.
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS Crry of KING WTP
CTTY of KING, N.C. PAGE i

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OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS
SCHEMATIC
TAB 10 ALTERNATIVE D - DIRECT DISCHARGE TO SURFACE WATERS
OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS
SCHEMATIC
TAB 11 ALTERNATIVE E - COMBINATION OF ALTERNATIVES
OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS
SCHEMATIC
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ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE ii
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I. DETERMINE IF THE PROPOSED DISCHARGE WILL BE ALLOWED
OR A. ZERO FLOW RESTRICTIONS
PM There are no zero flow restrictions for the proposed discharge into Old Richmond Creek.
`M B. RECEIVING STREAM CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTIONS
The proposed City of King WTP Upgrade project is located in the Yadkin-Peedee River
Basin. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) for
the Yadkin River is 03040101. The receiving stream for the proposed discharge is Old
Richmond Creek, approximately 0.25 miles from its confluence with the Yadkin River.
The classification for Old Richmond Creek and the Yadkin River is listed below:
FW
Surface Water Name Classification Flow Type
MR
Old Richmond Creek WS-IV Perennial
(From source to Yadkin River)
F"
Yadkin River WS-IV; CA Perennial
(From a point 0.8 mile upstream of Old Richmond Creek to City of King water supply
intake)
The classifications are defined as follows:
• Class WS-IV — Waters used as sources of potable water where a WS-I, II,
or III classification is not feasible. These waters are also protected for
Class C uses (e.g., secondary recreation, fishing, and aquatic life,
including propagation, survival, and wildlife). WS-IV waters are generally
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CrrY OF KING WTP
CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 1

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in moderately to highly developed watersheds or Protected Areas and
involve no categorical restrictions on discharges.
• Critical Area (CAS — A CA consists of watershed areas within 0.5 miles
and draining to the water supply intake or reservoir where an intake is
located.
Stream Classifications can be found in Tab 6.
A*► C. BASINWME WATER QUALITY PLANS
The Yadkin -Pee Dee Basinwide Water Quality Plan does not mention a limit to
wastewater discharges to Old Richmond Creek.
D. IMPAIRED WATERS AND TMDLS
Old Richmond Creek is not on the State's list of impaired waterbodies.
E. PRESENCE OF ENDANGERED SPECIES
Mn
A Threatened and Endangered Species Report has been done for the project area and can
MR be found in Tab 1.
The Yadkin River is not tidal and no harvestable freshwater shellfish communities or
habitats reside in the Yadkin River.
The WTP upgrade will ensure that effluent meets the discharge requirements and will
maintain water quality in Old Richmond Creek.
The bigeye jumprock (Maxistoma ariommum) has been documented in Forsyth County
and is considered a state threatened species. Also, the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
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ENGINEERING ALTERNATIvEs ANALYSIS CrrY OF KING WTP
am CrrY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 2

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Commission (NCWRC) letter of December 18, 2008 indicated that the Federal Species of
Concern (FSC) and state endangered freshwater mussel, the brook floater (Alasmidonta
varicosa), has been documented in the Yadkin River in the vicinity of the WTP intake.
NCWRC has requested that a freshwater mussel survey be conducted by a professional
biologist certified in North Carolina to perform freshwater mussel surveys before work
MR commences on the project. The survey shall be conducted 100 meters upstream of the
proposed instream work, within the instream work area, and 300 meters downstream of
II the proposed work. The survey also shall be conducted at the confluence of Old
Richmond Creek and Yadkin River upstream 50 meters. If any mussels are found during
the survey they shall be relocated by certified mussel biologist. Quotes have been
received from qualified freshwater mussel biologists and the survey will be conducted
M+ within 1-2 months of starting construction.
According to the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program's County Species List, ten
species in Forsyth County are listed as threatened or endangered. Two of the seven
species, the red -cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) and small-anthered bittercress
(Cardamine micranthera), are recognized as federal and state endangered species. The
I'R bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii) is a federal and state threatened species. The bog rose
(Arethusa bulbosa) is listed as a state endangered species. The creeper (Strophitus
undulatus), yellow fringeless orchid (Platanthera integra), small's portulaca (Porulaca
smallii), and bigeye jumprock (Maxistoma ariommum) mentioned in Section 5.12 are
listed as state threatened species. The loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) is listed as
a state species of concern.
The proposed project will not have an adverse impact on the Old Richmond Creek or
Yadkin River habitat.
F. SPECULATIVE LMHTS
M"
Sample WTP limits were sent to the City of King by the Division of Water Quality in
August 2009. These limits can be found in Tab 3.
ON
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
tea CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 3

G. SUMMARY
1. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED PROJECT
M The proposed expansion and upgrade of the City of King's WTP will provide the safe
drinking water required to supply the City and the surrounding areas in Stokes and
M Forsyth Counties for the next 20 years. Phase I of the project will consist of a new 3.0
million gallon per day treatment plant utilizing conventional technology and will be
M constructed on the site of the current treatment plant. Phase I will consist of three
separate divisions of construction. Division I construction will contain all process
wastewater handling facilities and equipment including: upgrade to the existing
wastewater pump station, a filter belt press building which will house a 1.0 meter belt
press and ancillary equipment, new 300,000 gallon sludge decant/thickening tank, de -
chlorination equipment, seven new manholes, new controls, and electrical modifications.
Pipeline extensions and reroutes will be constructed to carry the wastewater to the
existing discharge point. After Division I construction is complete and the new process
wastewater handling facilities and equipment are online, the WTP will be discharging a
maximum of 285,000 GPD of decant water to Old Richmond Creek in accordance with a
M new NPDES permit. This flow will only occur when an entire existing sedimentation
r
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basin is drained to clean out the sludge and the existing filters are being backwashed.
Otherwise, only 45,000 gallons of filter backwash water and belt press wash water will be
discharged to the creek. The dewatered sludge will be transported to the City of
Winston-Salem landfill for disposal. Division II will include the construction of the
remaining facilities and equipment for the new 3.0 MGD WTP as described in the
alternative analysis. Division III will consist of 6.2 miles of 16-inch diameter water
transmission main between the WTP and the Newsome Road storage tanks. Once the
new plant is constructed and fully operational, the existing treatment plant will be taken
out of service. Phase II of the project will consist of renovating and upgrading the
existing WTP with new equipment featuring the latest improvements in conventional
water treatment technology which, in concert with the new 3.0 MGD WTP, will result in
ENGINEERING ALTERNATivEs ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 4

an ultimate capacity of 6.0 million gallons per day. Once the 6.0 MGD plant is online,
the WTP will discharge 241,000 GPD of decant water to Old Richmond Creek in
accordance with the new NPDES permit.
The water treatment plant improvements include a new process for equalization,
M thickening, mechanical dewatering, and disposal of filter wash water and residual solids
W
from the sedimentation basins. The proposed project includes a new 27-inch diameter
passive intake screen. The existing screen will be abandoned once the new screen is
placed in service. The slot openings in the new screen will be 0.125 inches and the
maximum flow through the slot will be 0.48 fps (feet per second). The filter belt press
and sludge holding/decant tank are replacing the current discharge to Old Richmond
Creek. The solids collected in the bottom of the tank will be pumped to the belt press for
dewatering. The clear liquid in the tank will be decanted to Old Richmond Creek via a
new NPDES permit. The filter backwash cannot be recycled back through the treatment
system due to the increase in flow rate.
Approximately 6.2 miles of new 16-inch diameter ductile iron water main will be
constructed between the WTP and the Newsome Road water storage tanks. This water
main will generally parallel the existing 12-inch diameter asbestos cement (AC) water
main and increase the volume of water which can be transmitted into the City. The new
16-inch main will reduce the operating pressure in the 12-inch main and reduce the
pressure head and run time on the high service pumps at the WTP. This new 16-inch
main will be for transmission purposes only and no taps will be allowed.
A new 1.0 million -gallon, pre -stressed concrete storage tank will be installed at the
Newsome Road site to provide additional water storage capacity to supply peak day
demands and provide additional fire protection.
The schedule for the Phase I Project includes thirty-six (36) months for bidding and
construction. Bids for the construction of Division I of Phase I could be received as early
as March 2010 and the project could be completed and placed in service as early as
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIvEs ANALYsIs Cny of KING WTP
CrrY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 5

March 2011. Bids for Divisions II and III of Phase I could be received at the end of
MR Division I construction. Divisions II and III could then be completed and placed in
service as early as March 2013. The Phase II Project construction commencement is
dependent upon an increase in population and water demand. At the time the City sees
the projected growth, Phase II construction will commence. Phase II is expected to
include thirty-six (36) months for bidding and construction.
�•, A separate project, which is not a part of this EA, includes a system connection with the
City of Winston-Salem. Approximately 4,200 feet of 16-inch ductile iron water main is
�+ required to connect the two water systems. The water main, constructed entirely inside of
public right of way, will supply safe drinking water to the City of King's customers
during periods of drought and other emergencies such as an accidental chemical spill in
the City's raw water source, the Yadkin River.
2. APPLICANT
M, City of King
229 S. Main Street
King, North Carolina 27021
Phone: [phone]
Contact: Scott Barrow
3. FACILITY NAME
City of King WTP
6949 Donnaha Road
Tobaccoville, North Carolina 27050
Forsyth County, North Carolina
Phone: [phone]
Operator: Eddie Willard
MR
4. EAA PREPARER
AECOM
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ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
MR CPrY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 6

MR
10 Patewood Drive, Building VI, Suite 500
Greenville, South Carolina, 29615
Phone: [phone]
Contact: David Rankin
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ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
MR CrrY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 7

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II. PROVIDE REASONABLE PROJECTIONS FOR WASTEWATER FLOW
MR A. NON -MUNICIPAL FLOW PROJECTIONS
M� 1. WASTEWATER FLOW
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After Division I construction is complete and the new process wastewater handling
facilities and equipment are online, the WTP will be discharging a maximum of
285,000 GPD of decant water to Old Richmond Creek in accordance with a new
NPDES permit. This flow will only occur when an entire existing sedimentation basin
is drained to clean out the sludge and the existing filters are being backwashed.
Otherwise, only 45,000 gallons of filter backwash water and belt press wash water will
be discharged to the creek. The dewatered sludge will be transported to the City of
Winston-Salem landfill for disposal.
Once the 6.0 MGD plant is online, the WTP will discharge approximately 241,000 GPD
of decant water to Old Richmond Creek in accordance with the new NPDES permit.
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CrrY OF KING WTP
CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 8

III. EVALUATE TECHNOLOGICALLY FEASIBLE ALTERNATIVES
M' A. CONNECTION TO AN EXISTING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
0"
This alternative evaluates sending the discharged wastewater from the City of King's Water
Treatment Plant to the City of Winston-Salem's wastewater system for disposal.
For this alternative, we will assume that City of Winston-Salem will accept wastewater
discharge from the WTP, as long as alum sludge has been removed.
Capital Costs for this alternative would include:
• Sludge dewatering equipment
• Piping from the City's WTP to Winston-Salem's System
• Potential upgrades to Winston-Salem's distribution network
• Potential upgrade to Winston-Salem's treatment facility
Operation & Maintenance Costs for this alternative would include:
• O&M of Sludge dewatering equipment
• O&M of piping from City's WTP to Winston-Salem's system
• Monthly sewer fees from City of Winston-Salem
The total estimated capital costs, adding in engineering and contingency costs, for this
�., alternative comes to $6,260,600. A Present Value Cost Analysis is included in Step 4 of Part
IV. A proposed schematic of the Connection Alternative is included in Tab 7.
am
Technical obstacles of this alternative include determining whether or not Winston would
MR accept the city's discharge, upgrade and replacement of Winston-Salem's distribution system,
and the required upgrades to Winston-Salem's WWTP.
W
Direct environmental impacts of this alternative would be land disturbance from installation of
connecting pipe, upgrades to Winston-Salem's distribution and treatment system. In -direct
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYsIs CTTY OF KING WTP
Crry OF KING, N.C. PAGE 9

Environmental Impacts of this alternative would include the increased flow from Winston-
Salem's WWTP discharge.
P" Based on the financial and environmental issues, as well as the technical obstacles associated
PW
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with creating a regional system, this alternative is not feasible.
B. LAND APPLICATION
The land application alternative includes the analysis of three application processes listed
," below:
Rapid Infiltration — The use of a rapid infiltration system requires the presence of highly
mo
permeable soils. According to the soil survey, included in Tab 5, soils in the area of the
existing WTP have slow to moderately slow infiltration rates. Most soils within the WTP area
do not have high enough infiltration rates to support rapid infiltration. Thus, the rapid
infiltration process was eliminated as a feasible land application alternative.
Overland Flow — Overland flow systems are generally comprised of slopes between 2% and
W 8%, and require large tracts of land. Land surrounding the existing WTP mostly consists of
slopes greater than the required percentages or is located in the flood plain. Thus, the overland
MR
flow process is also eliminated as a feasible land application alternative.
Slow Rate — The slow rate process is normally referred to as irrigation. Based on the site
characteristics criteria for slow rate systems, the areas around the existing WTP may be suitable
for this type of land application and thus evaluated further.
Assuming there is adequate land available close to the existing treatment facility, the limiting
factor in determining whether or not this alternative is feasible, is expense. The USEPA
Im Manual entitled "Cost of Land Treatment Systems" was referenced for estimation of the costs
involved (Reed, C.S. et al. Cost of Land Treatment Systems. EPA-430/9-75-003. United
�* States Environmental Protection Agency. September 1979).
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
tin CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 10

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The following is a breakdown of the required items needed along with the estimated cost for
the land application treatment process:
L= - It will be assumed that sludge removal will be required prior to land application. Other
assumptions include an application rate of 1.5 in/week of wastewater (based on County Soil
Survey), and a non -operating time of 3 weeks. Based on the above assumptions, using Figure 7
on page 23 of the EPA manual, approximately 42-acres of contiguous land would be needed in
order to land apply the treated effluent, provide adequate buffers, and provide storage ponds.
This figure is included in Tab 8. Assuming a value of $4,000 per acre, the estimated cost for
the land would be $206,000. Assuming a storage depth of 12-feet, an additional 1.3-acres
would also be needed for a 5-million gallon storage lagoon (for calculation see Tab 8) for
holding the waste during the non -operating time.
Pretreatment — The existing treatment plant will not be able to serve as the pretreatment to the
ON land application due to the plant being in need of improvements, thus a new solids handling
process must be installed to handle the 241,000 gallons of wastewater being generated. It will
be assumed that the best alternative for upgrading the existing plant to the pretreatment to land
application will be similar to the plan developed in Alternative D. For this alternative it is
P" estimated that the cost for pretreatment will be $1,259,000.
r" Effluent Transmission and Application System — After pretreatment the waste would then be
pumped to the application fields. The existing land around the treatment plant would be best
P" suited for spray irrigation. Solid -set sprinklers would be used to apply the waste at a rate of
1.5-in per week based on soil conditions of the land available. Service roads will be needed
OR throughout the fields for maintenance, and fencing will be needed to restrict access to the
fields. Costs of the effluent transmission and application system include pumping and
distribution of the effluent to the site, storage lagoon (including reservoir construction, lining,
embankment protection, and the lagoon property), site clearing and grading, distribution
M' sprinkler set, distribution pumps, service roads, and fencing. The estimated cost for effluent
transmission and application system is $1,502,400.
P"
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ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS Cny of KiNG WTP
IM CITX of K NG, N.C. PAGE 11

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Adding in engineering and contingency costs, the total estimated capital costs for the land
application alternative comes to $3,299,800. A Present Value Cost Analysis is included in Step
4 of Part IV. A proposed schematic of the Land Application Alternative is included as Tab 8.
P"
I"
A present -worth cost analysis for this alternative has been prepared and is included in Section
IV. The land application alternative has a present value opinion of probable cost of
$5,322,140.
C. WASTEWATER REUSE
The WTP can be designed to recycle the wastewater flow back to the manhole prior to the rapid
mixer at the head of the plant. There are several conditions the WTP is subject to in the
recycling of process wastewater. These conditions are found in the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Health Public Water Supply Section's Rules Governing Public Water Systems
(15A NCAC 18C .0404).
Sludge dewatering similar to the plan developed in Alternative D will still be necessary and has
been included in the capital cost for this alternative. It is estimated that the cost for sludge
dewatering will be $1,259,000.
Capital improvements necessary for wastewater recycling will include:
f" • Sludge dewatering equipment
• Process wastewater pump station
• Water meter
• 8-inch DIP force main
f"
Sampling and testing of the recycle water will also be required for this alternative.
MR
Wastewater reuse does have the potential for water quality issues and a negative impact on the
`M water treatment plant operations. During the recycling process, water quality may be affected
MR
ENGINEERING ALTERNATivEs ANALYSIS CITY of KING WTP
+� CrrY of KING, N.C. PAGE 12

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by the buildup of undesirable dissolved minerals such as iron and manganese in the
sedimentation basins. This can have a negative impact on the water going to the filters.
'," Adding in engineering and contingency costs, the total estimated capital costs for the water
P"
reuse alternative comes to $1,974,100. A present -worth cost analysis for this alternative has
been prepared and is included in Section IV. A schematic for this alternative is included in Tab
9. The wastewater reuse alternative has a present value opinion of probable cost of $3,139,171.
D. DIRECT DISCHARGE TO SURFACE WATERS
n�►
This alternative evaluates the direct discharge of decant from the new sludge thickening tank. The
treatment processes provided for this alternative includes continuous removal of sedimentation
basin sludge, a 300,000 gallon storage tank for equalizing the filter wash water flow and thickening
the sedimentation basin sludge, a filter belt press for dewatering the thickened sludge, and a
building to house the press. A contract hauler will transport the dewatered sludge to an approved
land fill for final disposal, while the decant/sludge thickening tank supernatant will be discharged
directly into Old Richmond Creek. A schematic of the sludge removal process is included in Tab
10.
MR
F"
on
Environmental impacts from the direct discharge should be negligible due to the treatment of the
water prior to discharge.
Capital Costs for this alternative involve sludge dewatering equipment, demolition of existing
drying beds, upgrades to the wastewater pump station, and construction of a new sludge thickening
tank. Adding in engineering and contingency costs, the total estimated capital costs for the
direct discharge alternative comes to $1,504,500. A Present Value Cost Analysis is included in
Step 4 of Part IV.
E. COMBINATION OF ALTERNATIVES
Wastewater reuse is not included in the combination of alternatives due to the potential for
W water quality issues and its potential impact to the water treatment plant operations. As stated
ENGIN mmNG ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING W TP
�•, CrrY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 13

MR
earlier, during the recycling process, water quality may be affected by the buildup of
undesirable dissolved minerals such as iron and manganese in the sedimentation basins. This
can have a negative impact on the water going to the filters.
Therefore, this alternative would combine the land application alternative and the direct
�., discharge to surface water alternative. Components of this alternative will be the same as the
land application alternative and the discharge to surface water alternative. Land application
�., would be utilized approximately 7 months out of the year while the NPDES discharge would
operate 5 months out of the year. Operating the land application system during the warm
�► months would eliminate the need for a non -operating time of this season. This would allow for
a much smaller storage lagoon for the land application system.
Adding in engineering and contingency costs, the total estimated capital costs for the land
application alternative comes to $2,797,900. A Present Value Cost Analysis is included in Step
4 of Part IV. A proposed schematic of the Combination of Alternatives is included as Tab 11.
P"
0"
P"
P"
MW
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
am CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 14

IV. EVALUATE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF ALTERNATIVES
Present worth value has been used to convert an alternative's capital cost plus annual operation and
'" maintenance (O&M) cost, and salvage value to present day dollars. The capital cost estimates include
cost structures, mechanical equipment, piping, site work, buildings, electrical work, instrumentation,
OR construction contingencies, and technical services. Operation and Maintenance costs include both fixed
P"
and variable items including labor, power, chemical, supplies, and equipment repairs.
Capital costs presented in this report are preliminary and are based upon information currently
M available. The cost estimates were developed from a variety of sources including equipment
manufactures, contractors, in-house calculations, and published EPA cost data. They are intended to
Im be used for comparative purposes only and may not represent the actual costs for the facilities
proposed. Actual costs will be influenced by final site conditions, regulatory requirements, detailed
No engineering design, market conditions at the time of bidding for construction services, inflation, time
MR
M"
on
constraints, and other factors outside the scope of this analysis.
The discount rate used in the present worth cost analysis was 4.875 percent. This rate was obtained
from the following location: http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document library/get file?uuid=97332c75-
25da-4763-92lb-140e1 e88d75d&gouupId=38364.
A. CONNECTION TO AN EXISTING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
1. CAPITAL COSTS
The capital costs for sending the wastewater to the Winston-Salem sewer system were
estimated at $6,260,600. A breakdown of the cost is included in Tab 8.
P" 2. RECURRING COSTS
`w Annual Operation and Maintenance costs were estimated to be $345,015 for the
connection to Winston-Salem's sewer system. Sewer rates for the disposal of this
P"
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CrrY of KING WTP
ON CrrY of KING, N.C. PAGE 15

PIA
amount of wastewater would be negotiated with the City of Winston-Salem, but for the
purpose of calculations, $3.20/1000 gallons was used. $3.20/1000 gallons = 241 *3.20 =
$771/day. 5 days/week, 52 weeks = $200,512.
3. LOST OPPORTUNITY COSTS
Lost Opportunity Costs were not estimated in this Alternative.
4. PVCA
The present worth value is analyzed using the following formula:
PV = Co + Co&M[ (I+ r) r(1 + n — CSV (1 + ry
Where:
PV = Present value of costs.
Co = Capital Costs (incurred in the present year) — ($6,260,600)
Co&M = Annual O&M Costs — ($345,015)
CSV = Lost Opportunity Costs (Salvage Value)
n = Ending year of the life of the facility — (20-years)
r = Current EPA discount rate — (4.875%)
PV = $6,260,600 + ($345,015)*((1+.04875)20-1) / (.04875*(1+.04875)20) = $10,606,188
The present worth value of this alternative was estimated at $10,606,188.
B. LAND APPI. ICATION
1. CAI ITAL COSTS
The capital costs for a Land Application System were estimated at $3,299,800. A
breakdown of the cost is included in Tab 9.
2. RECURRING COSTS
a.
ENGINEERING ALTERN�
ANALYSIS
PAGE 16
CITY OF KING WTP

Annual Operation and Maintenance costs were estimated to be $166,875 for the land
application system.
3. LOST OPPORTUNITY COSTS
A salvage value of $206,000 was estimated for this alternative for the re -sale of land at
the end of Land Application System's useful life.
4. PVCA
The present worth value is analyzed using the following formula:
[(I + r) n_l
PV = Co + Co&M r(1 + r)" — Csv I(1 + r)"
Where:
PV = Present value of costs.
Co = Capital Costs (incurred in the present year) — ($3,299,800)
Cow,,, = Annual O&M Costs — ($166,875)
Csv = Lost Opportunity Costs (Salvage Value) ($206,000)
n = Ending year of the life of the facility — (20-years)
r = Current EPA discount rate — (4.875%)
PV = $3,299,800 + ($166,875)%l+.04875)20-1) /(.04875*(1+.04875)20)-$206,000*(1/(1+.04875)20)
_ $5,322,140
The present worth value of this alternative was estimated at $5,322,140.
C. WASTEWATER REUSE
1. CAPITAL COSTS
The capital cost for water reuse at the City of King WTP was estimated at $1,974,100.
A breakdown of the cost is included in Tab 10.
► W 2. RECURRING COSTS
on
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CTTY OF KING WTP
CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 17

FM
Annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Costs for water reuse were estimated at
$925500.
3. LOST OPPORTUNITY COSTS
Lost Opportunity Costs were not estimated in this Alternative.
4. PVCA
The present worth value is analyzed using the following formula:
p'*{ PV = Ca + CUM C
Y(1 + Y}" — SY (1 + ry
Where:
PV = Present value of costs.
n� Co = Capital Costs (incurred in the present year) — ($1,974,100)
Co& = Annual O&M Costs — ($92,500)
Csv = Lost Opportunity Costs (Salvage Value)
n = Ending year of the life of the facility — (20-years)
r = Current EPA discount rate — (4.875%)
PV = $1,974,100 +($92,500)*((1+.04875)20-1)/(.04875 *(1+.04875)2) = $3,139,171
The present worth value for water reuse was estimated at $3,139,171.
D. DIRECT DISCHARGE TO SURFACE WATERS
r�
1. CAPITAL COSTS
The capital cost for a 6.0-MGD upgrade to the City of King WTP, with effluent to Old
Richmond Creek, was estimated at $1,504,500. A breakdown of the cost is included in
Tab 11.
2. RECURRING COSTS
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
Crnr OF KING, N.C. PAGE 18

Annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Costs for dewatering sludge from a 6.0-
MGD WTP were estimated at $58,750.
3. LOST OPPORTUNITY COSTS
Lost Opportunity Costs were not estimated in this Alternative.
4. PVCA
The present worth value is analyzed using the following formula:
P"
PMPV = Ca + Co&M[(I+r) n_l
r(1 + r)" — CsY (1 + r)"
Where:
PV = Present value of costs.
pr Co = Capital Costs (incurred in the present year) — ($1,504,500)
Co& = Annual O&M Costs — ($58,750)
CsV = Lost Opportunity Costs (Salvage Value)
n = Ending year of the life of the facility — (20-years)
OR r = Current EPA discount rate — (4.875%)
PV = $1,504,500 + ($58,750)*((1+.04875)20-1) / (.04875*(1+.04875)2) = $2,244,477
am
The present worth value for a 6.0-MGD WWTP was estimated at $2,244,477.
.a
E. COMBINATION OF ALTERNATIVES
1. CAPITAL COSTS
FM
A combination of direct discharge to Old Richmond Creek during the wet season and
`MR land application to fields during the dry season was evaluated and determined to have a
capital cost of $2,797,900. This cost is less than the land application alternative due to
MR the elimination of the storage lagoon. A cost breakdown is included in Tab 12.
No
2. RECURRING COSTS
No
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
►+� CITY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 19

Inq
•
An Annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Costs of $165,625 has been estimated
for this alternative. This estimate comes from O&M costs of the Land Application
Alternative, with a slight reduction due to the absence of a storage lagoon.
3. LOST OPPORTUNITY COSTS
A salvage value of $206,000 was estimated for this alternative for the re -sale of land at
�., the end of Land Application System's useful life.
+" 4. PVCA
MR The present worth value is analyzed using the following formula:
PY = Co + Co&M r(1 + r)n — Csv
� (1 + r}"
Where:
PV = Present value of costs.
Pa Co = Capital Costs (incurred in the present year) — ($2,797,900)
Co& = Annual O&M Costs — ($165,625)
Csv = Lost Opportunity Costs (Salvage Value) ($206,000)
n = Ending year of the life of the facility — (20-years)
r = Current EPA discount rate — (4.875 %)
PV = $2,797,900 + ($165,625)%l+.04875)20-1) I (.04875*(1+.04875)20) - $206,000*(1 I (1+.04875)2)
rin = $4,744,795
IM The present worth value of this alternative was estimated at $4,744,795.
F. PVCA SummARY TABLE
The recommended upgrade of the City of King WTP alternative and the land application
alternative has been analyzed for their present worth value. Detailed Cost Estimates for each
alternative can be found in Tab 8, Tab 9, Tab 10, Tab 11, and Tab 12. Summarized below in
Table I are the Alternatives Cost Summary which includes capital cost, O&M costs, salvage
values, and the present worth value. The land purchased in the land application alternative was
assumed to retain its value and is denoted in the salvage value.
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CrrY OF KING WTP
CrrY OF KING, N.C. PAGE 20

TABLE I
ALTERNATIVE COST SUMMARY
Description
Capital Cost
Annual
Present
Salvage Worth
Year
O&M
Value
Value
Alternative A — Connection to Winston-Salem $6,260,600
$345,015
$10,606,188
Alternative B —
Land Application
$3,299,800
$166,875
$206,000
$5,322,140
AlternativeC—
WastewaterReuse
$1,974,100
$92,500
$3,139,171
Alternative D —
Direct Discharge to Surface
$1 504 500
$58,750
$2,244,477
Waters
Alternative E —
Combination of Alternatives
1 $2,797,900
1 $165,625
$206,000
1 $4,744,795
Discount Rate = 4.875%
ON Term = 20 years
Based on the information presented in Table I, upgrading the existing City of King WTP and
maintaining the existing effluent discharge into Old Richmond Creek is the most economical choice.
M
M
M
fiNGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CITY OF KING WTP
— Crry OF KING, N.C. PAGE 21

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A. (1.1 EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS - FINAL
During the period beginning on the effective date of this permit and lasting
until expiration, the Permittee is authorized to discharge from outfall 003L. Such
discharges shall be limited and monitored by the Permittee as specified below:
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Footnotes,
1. The discharge from this facility shall not cause turbidity in the receiving stream to exceed 50
NTU, if the Inshvam turbidity exceeds 50 NTU due to natural background conditions, the
discharge cannot cause turbidity to increase in the receiving stream.
2. Upstream a at least 100 feet upstream from the outfall. Downstream - at least 100 feet
downstream from the outfall.
3. The pH shall not be less than 6.0 SU or higher than 9.0 SU.
4. The TRC limit will become effective May 11 2009. Monitoring is required beginning November
112007.
5. The minimum measurement detection required is 0.5 mg f L. In the future a ma3dmum limit of 1.8
Pon mg jL will be imposed if data evaluation yields the potential to exceed 1.8 mg/L.
All samples collected should be from a representative discharge event
There shall be no discharge of floating solids or visible foam in other than trace
amounts.
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w Fish
o Ambi
Bentt
NPDES No,
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Q 8-Digit HUC Boundary
0 5 m 20 -DVYO Planning Section
Basinwlde Planning Unit
Ilan July, 2008

Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
N Metars
A e zs ao 150
e ,ee me wa 90
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2,0 11/11/2008
Conservation Servioe National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 1 of 4

I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! t t
Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
MAP LEGEND
Area of Interest (AOI) Local Roads
0 Area of Interest (AOI) Other Roads
Soils
Soil Map Units
Sail Ratings
O A
Q A/D
Q S
Q 6/D
F--j C
L:j C/D
0 0
Not rated or not available
Political Features
Municipalities
Gibes
O Urban Areas
Water Features
Oceans
I Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Roads
N Interstate Highways
N US Routes
State Highways
MAP INFORMATION
Original soil survey map sheets were prepared at publication scale.
Viewing scale and printing scale, however, may vary from the
original. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for proper
map measurements.
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey t1RL. hUx/Avebscilsurvey.nres.usda.gov
Coonlinate System: t1TM Zone 17N
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of
the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Forsyth County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data: Version 10, Sap 14, 2007
Date(s) aerial Images were photographed: 1993
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably diners from the background
Imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting
of map unit boundaries may be evident.
USDA Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11/11/2008
k-OFE Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 2 of 4

w
WIN
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NO
WIN
MIN
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Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
Hydrologic Soil Group
Hydrologic Soil Group —Summary by Map Unit —Forsyth County, North Carolina
Map u!symbol
Map unit name
Rating
Acres in AOI
Percent of AO1
ChChewacla
loam
C
2.5
20.7%
HIEHiwassee
loam, 15 to 25
B
1.0
8.3%
Pitmopes
TaFTallapoosa
fire sandy
C
0.1
0.8%
loam, 15 to 45 percent
slopes
Wh
Wehedkee sods
D
0.4
3.2%
WkC
Wickham fine sandy
B
5.0
40.4%
loam, 6 to 10 percent
slopes
WkD
Wickham fine sandy
B
3.2
26.4%
kkam, 10 to 15 percent
dopes
Totals for Area of Interest (AOQ I
12.31
100.0%
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11/11/2008
Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 3 of 4

"^ Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
Description
Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation
from long -duration stones.
The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and
three dual classes (A/D, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly
wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or
gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained
soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils
have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture orfine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink -swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer
at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material.
These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in their
natural condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes.
Rating Options
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.- None Specified
Tie -break Rule: Lower
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11/112008
Conservation Swvke National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 4 of 4

Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
N Meters
A 0 50 100 200 300 el Fe
0 200 400 800 1,200
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11/13/2008
Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 1 of 4

Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
MAP LEGEND
Area of Interest (AOQ Loral Roads
0 Area of Interest (AOI) Other Roads
Solis
_I Soil Map Units
Soil Ratings
0 A
Q AID
B
Q BID
Q C
CID
Q D
Not rated or not available
Political Features
Municipalities
Cities
Urban Areas
Water Features
. Oceans
�... Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Roads
w Interstate Highways
.-.i US Rout"
State Highways
MAP INFORMATION
Original soil survey map sheets were prepared at publication scale.
Viewing scale and printing scale, however, may vary from the
original. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for proper
map measurements.
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL. http:/twebwilsumey.nres.usda.gov
Coordinate System: UTM Zone 17N
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS cerfified data as of
the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Forsyth County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data: Version 10, Sep 14, 2007
Date(s) aerial Images were photographed: 1993
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting
of map unit boundaries may be evident
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11/13/2008
Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 2 of 4

NOR
WE Hydrologic Soil Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
era
100
Hydrologic Soil Group
Hydrologic Soil Group— Summary by Map Unit— Forsyth County, North Carolina
Map unit symbol
Map unit name
Rating
Acres In AOI
Percent of AOI
AIB
Altavista fine sandy
C
1.2
8.3%
loam, 1 to 6 percent
slopes
Ch
Chewacla loam
C
4.4
30.5Y°
Co
Congaree complex
C
1.4
9.9%
HIE
Hlwassee loam, 15 to 25
B
0.1
0.7%
percent slopes
TaF
Tallapoosa fine sandy
C
0.2
1.7%
loam, 15 to 45 percent
slopes
Wh
Wahadkee soils
D
0.9
6.4%
WkC
Wickham fine sandy
B
3.5
24.2°%
loam, 6 to 10 percent
slopes
WkD
Wickham fine sandy
B
2.6
18.3%
loam, 10 to 15 percent
slopes
Totals for Area of Interest (AOQ
100.0%
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11113=5
Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 3 of 4

Hydrologic Sall Group -Forsyth County, North Carolina
Description
Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation
from long -duration storms.
The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and
three dual classes (A/D, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly
wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or
gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained
soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils
have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that Impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink -swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer
at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material.
These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in their
natural condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes.
Rating Options
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff., None Specified
Tie -break Rule: Lower
Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 11/13200a
Conservation Samice National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 4 or 4

I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1
Name of Stream Description Curr. Class
YADKIN RIVER
From a point 0.3 mile
WS-IV
""stream of Ararat
River to a point 0.8
mile upstream of Old
Richmond Creek
YADKIN RIVER
From a point 0.8 mile
WS-IV;CA
Lu"stream of Old
Richmond Creek to Town
of King water supply
intake (located 0.3
mile upstream of Old
Richmond Creek)
YADKIN RIVER
From Town of King
WS-IV
water supply
intake to
a point .8 mile
upstream of mouth of
Bashavia Creek
YADKIN RIVER
From a point 0.8 mile
WS-IV;CA
upstream of Bashavia
Creek to a point 0.3
mile upstream. of
Class:
SpDes: %
Name: %
Index#: %
Date Basin Stream Index #
08/01/98 Yadkin 12-(71)
09/01/94 Yadkin 12-(78.3)
04/01/99 Yadkin 12-(78.7)
04/01/99 Yadkin 12-(80.5)

! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1
Mary Reich Creek
From source to
WS-III
Spurgeon Creek
Brushy Fork
From source to
Buck
WS-III
Branch
Rich Fork
From source to
Abbotts
C
Creek
Little Yadkin
From source to
Yadkin
WS-IV
River
River
Crooked Run Creek
From source to
Little
WS-IV
Yadkin River
Old Richmond
From source to
Yadkin
WS-IV
Creek
River
Fries Creek
From source to
Yadkin
WS-IV
River
Bashavia Creek
From source to
Yadkin
C
River
Hunters Creek
From source to
C
Bashavia Creek
Mill Creek
From source to.
Yadkin
WS-IV
River
Shallow Ford
Entire lakes and
WS-IV
Lakes
connecting stream to
Mill Creek
Panther Creek
From source to
a point
C
1.4 miles upstream of
Forsyth County
SR 1173
08/03/92
Yadkin
12-119-3-1
08/03/92
Yadkin
12-119-5-(1)
09/01/74
Yadkin
12-119-7
09/01/94
Yadkin
12-77
09/01/94
Yadkin
12-77-4
08/03/92
Yadkin
12-79
08/03/92
Yadkin
12-80
04/01/99
Yadkin
12-81
04/01/99
Yadkin
12-81-1
09/01/94
Yadkin
12-82
09/01/94
Yadkin
12-82-1
08/01/98 Yadkin 12-87-(0.4)

OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS O MCOM
PROJECT
City of King WWTP Upgrades COMM. NO.: 60091377
Engineering Alternatives Analysis - Wastewater Discharge DATE: 03/09/2010
Tab 7 - Alternative A
Item
No.
Description
Unit
Quantity
Unit
Cost
Amount
Total
1
SLUDGE DEWATERING
LS
1
$1,259,000
$1,259,000
$1,259,000
2
EFFLUENT TRANSMISSION
Additional WW Pump Station Upgrades
LS
1
$250,000
$250,000
Force Main
LF
1,000
$60
$60,000
$310,000
3
UPGRADES TO DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM*
Pipeline
LF
28,500
$100
$2,850,000
Pump Stations
LS
1
$100,000
$100,000
$2,950,000
4
UPGRADES TO TREATMENT FACILITY*
Added Capacity
GPD
240,000
$3
$720,000
$720,000
Total Construction Costs $5,239,000
Contingencies $523,900
Engineering Design Services $314,300
Engineering Construction Services $183,400
*Upgrades are to the City of Winston-Salem's System
TOTAL $6,260,600

�L=Com
Project City of King, NC WTP Project No. 60091377
Title WW DISCHARGE DISPOSAL - EAA Phase
TAB 7 - WINSTON-SALEM CONNECTION Date 03/10/2010
Des By Dept Rev Date
Ckd By Sketch SK-1 Sheet No. 1 Of 1
SEDIMENTATION
BASINS (1, 2, 3, 4)
UPGRADE WASTEWATER
PUMP STATION AND NEW
DECHLORINATION EQUIPMENT
FILTERS (1, 2)
NEW SLUDGE DECANT
THICKENING TANK
(300,000 GALLONS)
NEW FILTER
BELT PRESS
BUILDING
� I � I I I I LlW.
ROLLOFF CONTAINER
NEW PUMP
STATION
SOLIDS TO LANDFILL
TO
WINSTON-SALEM
SEWER SYSTEM
Ref Drawing:
1;:\PRWECTS\6000GSERIES\61060\PERMITS\NPOES PERIdR_FILES\EM\WINSTON CONNECNONAWG 61060 03/16/2010 13:19:47 RANKIN, DAM
RF: NONE IMO: NONE

OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS w -COM
PROJECT
City of King WWTP Upgrades COMM. NO.: 60091377
Engineering Alternatives Analysis - Wastewater Discharge DATE: 03/09/2010
Tab 8 - Alternative B
Item
No.
Description
Unit
Quantity
Unit
Cost
Amount
Total
1
SLUDGE DEWATERING
LS
1
$1,259,000
$1,259,000
$1,259,000
2
EFFLUENT TRANSMISSION
New WW Pump Station
LS
1
$250,000
$250,000
Force Main
LF
2,000
$60
$120,000
$370,000
2
STORAGELAGOON
Reservoir Construction
EA
1
$100,000
$100,000
Lining
EA
1
$200,000
$200,000
Embankment Protection
LS
1
$100,000
$100,000
Lagoon Property
AC
10
$4,000
$38,000
$438,000
3
APPLICATION SYSTEM
Land
EA
42
$4,000
$168,000
Site Clearing and Grading
EA
1
$50,000
$50,000
Distribution Sprinkler Set
EA
1
$100,000
$100,000
Distribution Pumps
EA
2
$150,000
$300,000
Service Roads
LS
1
$50,000
$50,000
Fencing
LF
1200
$22
$26,400
$694,400
Total Construction Costs $2,761,400
Contingencies $276,100
Engineering Design Services $165,700
Engineering Construction Services $96,600
TOTAL $3,299,800

109
50
6.s
0.1
Figure 7. Field Area Nomograph

AXOM
M
Project City of King WTP Upgrade— WW Disposal Project No 60091377
Title Land Application Alternative Phase
Storage Holding Lagoon Date
Des By Dept Rev Date
Ckd By Sketch SK - Sheet No. Of
Storage Holding Lagoon required for holding waste during non -operating time.
Assume a non -operating time of 3-weeks.
M I Volume required for 3 weeks non -operating time = .24-MGD x 3 weeks (21-days) = 5.0 million gallons
no
M
M
Land required for 5.0-million gallon storage lagoon.
Assume a depth of 12-feet, and a buffer of 200' on all sides
Land required for lagoon = 5,000,000-gallons x (0.1337 ff3/gallon) = 668,500 ft3
= 668,500 ft3 / 12-ft = 55,708ft2 = 1.3-acres
Land required for Buffer = [(surface area of lagoon)'S + 400']2 = ((58494)'5 +400,)2
= 404,529 ft2 = .5-acre
I
Ref. Drawing:
cc
Q.
pnLealwinc (Rv. 10107) Q

Project City of Kind,_ NC WTP_
Title WW DISCHARGE DISPOSAL - EAA
TAB 8 - LAND APPLICATION
Des By
Ckd By
SEDIMENTATION
BASINS (1, 2, 3, 4)
FILTERS (1, 2)
�L=Com
Project No. 60091377
Phase
Date .03/10/2010
Dept Rev Date
Sketch SK-1 Sheet No. 1 Of 1
UPGRADE WASTEWATER
PUMP STATION AND NEW
DECHLORINATION EQUIPMENT
NEW SLUDGE DECANT
THICKENING TANK
(300,000 GALLONS)
NEW FILTER
BELT PRESS
BUILDING
HHUII
ROLLOFF CONTAINER
SOLIDS TO LANDFILL
NEW PUMP
STATION
—00--
TO LAND
APPLICATION SITE
Ref Drawing:
N:\PROJECTS\60000SERIE5\61060\PERNITS\NPOES PERNR_FILES\EAA\LAND APPLICAT107OWG 61060 03/16/2010 13:20:05 RANKIN, OAW
RF: NONE ING: NONE

OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS w'COM
PROJECT
City of King WWTP Upgrades
Engineering Alternatives Analysis - Wastewater Discharge
Tab 9 - Alternative C
COMM. NO.: 60091377
DATE: 03109/2010
te'
3 q-
-D001"PU."
'. !."Q=a
t'':
kU
o .�`:
„_
A�iOu,t
"
_- otalm, a
1
SLUDGE DEWATERING
LS
1 1$1,259,000
$1,259,000
$1,259,005
2
RECYCLED WATER
New W W Pump Station
LS
1
$250,000
$250,000
Force Main
LF
300
$60
$18,000
$268,000
3
MISC
Water Meter
EA
1
$25,000
$25,000
Pump Stations
LS
1
$100,000
$100,000
$125,000
Total Construction Costs $1,652,000
Contingencies $165,200
Engineering Design Services $991100
Engineering Construction Services $57,800
TOTAL $1,974,100

M=Com
Project City of King. NC WTP _ _ _ _ Project No. 60091377
Title WW DISCHARGE DISPOSAL - EAA Phase
Des By
Ckd By
TAB 9 - WATER REUSE Date 03/10/2010
Dept Rev Date
Sketch SK-I Sheet No. 1 Of 1
SEDIMENTATION
BASINS (1, 2, 3, 4)
JPGRADE WASTEWATER
LUMP STATION AND NEW
)ECHLORINATION EQUIPMENT
FILTERS (1, 2
ROLLOFF CONTAINER
SOLIDS TO LANDFILL
TO MH PRIOR TO
RAPID MIXER
Ref Drawing:
Y:\PR0.1ECTS\600005MES\61060\PERMffS\NPDES PERMR_FlLES\EAA\RECYCLED WATER.OWG 61060 03/I6/2010 13:19:52 RANHIN, OAVID
RF: NONE IMG: NONE

PROJECT
City of King WWTP Upgrades
Engineering Alternatives Analysis
Tab 10 -Alternative D
OPINION OF PROBABLE COSTS
Wastewater Discharge
44=COM
COMM. NO.:
DATE:
60091377
�ik7L�7' � C1
Item
No.
I Description
Unit
I Quantity
Unit
Cost
Amount
Total
1
SITE WORK
LS
1
$125,000
$125,000
$125,000
2
NEW MECHANICAL DEWATERING
1 Meter Belt Filter Press
EA
1
$200,000
$200,000
Ancillary Equipment
LS
1
$89,000
$89,000
Installation
EA
1
$130,000
$130.000
0.30 MG re -cast conc. sludge holding tank
EA
1
$240,000
$240,006
Sludge Transfer Pump
EA
1 2
1 $20,000
$40,000
Submersible Mixer
EA
2
$20,000
$40,000
Belt Press Building
SF
900
$160
$144,000
$883,000
3
DEMOLISH SLUDGE DRYING BEDS
Demolition
LS
1
$121,000
$121,000
$121,000
4
REHAB EXST WW PUMP STATION
2100 GPM Pumps
EA
2
$30,000
$60,000
Controls
LS
1
$10,000
$10,000
$70,000
5
ELECTRICAL & HVAC
LS
1
$60,000
$60,000
$60,000
(Sludge Dewatering) Total Construction Costs $1,259,000
Contingencies $125,900
Engineering Design Services $75,500
Engineering Construction Services $44,100
TOTAL $1,504,500

ACOM
Project _City of King, NC WTP _ Project No. 60091377
Title WW DISCHARGE DISPOSAL - EAA Phase
TAB 10 - DIRECT DISCHARGE Date 03/10/2010
Des By
Ckd By
SEDIMENTATION
BASINS (1, 2, 3, 4)
FILTERS (1, 2)
Dept Rev Date _
Sketch SK-1 Sheet No. 1 Of 1
UPGRADE WASTEWATER
PUMP STATION AND NEW
DECHLORINATION EQUIPMENT
NEW SLUDGE DECANT
THICKENING TANK
(300,000 GALLONS)
NEW FILTER
BELT PRESS
BUILDING
u I 11. 1 1E] W.
ROLLOFF CONTAINER
SOLIDS TO LANDFILL
NEW DISCHARGE
MANHOLE
i
I
TO OLD
RICHMOND CREEK
Ref Drawing:
060VER11,10WIMES PERMR_FlLES\EAA\DIRECT OISCHARGE.MG 61060 03/16/2010 13:20:00 RANKIN, DAVID
RF: NCNE IMG: NONE

�Lzcom
Project City of King, INC WTP Project No. 60091377
Title WW DISCHARGE DISPOSAL - EAA Phase
TAB 11 - COMBINATION OF ALTERNATIVES Date 03/10/2010
Des By Dept Rev Date
Ckd By Sketch SK-I Sheet No. 1 Of 1
SEDIMENTATION
BASINS (1, 2, 3, 4)
UPGRADE WASTEWATER
PUMP STATION AND NEW
DECHLORINATION EQUIPMENT
FILTERS (1, 2)
NEW SLUDGE DECANT
THICKENING TANK
(300,000 GALLONS)
NEW FILTER
BELT PRESS
BUILDING
Ll I I I I I I —DO-
ROLLOFF CONTAINER
NEW PUMP
STATION
SOLIDS TO LANDFILL
TO LAND
APPLICATION SITE
-- Mo.-
TO OLD
RICHMOND CREEK
_ Ref Drawing:
M:\PROJECTS\600005ERIE5\61060\PERMOS\NPDES PERMIT-ILES\EAA\COMEINATION.DWG 61060 03/16/2010 13:19:56 RANKIN, OAVID
Rf: NONE IMG: NONE

Project City of King, NC WTP Project No. 60091481
Title Proposed Sludge Dewatedng Process Phase
Date
Des By
Ckd By
Dept
Rev Date
08/27/2009
AECOM
Sketch SK-1 Sheet No. 1 Of 1

North Carolina Department of Natural
Resources &Community Development
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor Howard N. Lee, Secretary
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
January 24, 1979
Mr. Robert Rorex, Manager
King District Water System, Inc.
P. 0. Box 815
King, North Carolina 27021
SUBJECT: Permit No. 5146
King District Water System, Inc.
Water Plant Wastewater System
Forsyth County
Dear Mr. Rorex:
In accordance with your application received November 6, 1978, we are forward-
ing herewith Permit No. 5146, dated January 24, 1979, to the King District Water
System, Inc. for the construction and operation of a water filtration plant waste-
water treatment facility to include an influent pump station with two (2) 2,000 GPM
pumps and one (1) 1,500 GPM pump, a sludge settling tank, polymer feed system,
sludge drying beds, a gravity raw water return system with meter, and associated
piping; with no discharge of wastewater into the surface waters of the State.
This permit shall be effective from the date of its issuance until rescinded,
and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein.
This is a Class I Wastewater Treatment Plant which requires the operator
in responsible charge to hold a valid Grade I Certificate.
Also, enclosed is a copy of WPC Form #50 "Cost of Wastewater Treatment Works."
This form is to be completed and returned to this office within thirty (30) days
after the project is completed.
One (1) set of approved plans and specifications is being forwarded to you.
Sincer, M440
A. F. McRorie
Director
Enclosures
cc: Forsythe County Health Department
Odell Associates, Inc.
Mr. F. K. Yarborough
Mr. Fin Johnson
Mr. A. C. Turnage, Jr.
Information Services
P. O. Box 27687 Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
RALEIGH
P E R M I T
For the Discharge of Sewage, Industrial Wastes, or Other Wastes
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General
Statutes of North Carolina as amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and
Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
King District Water System, Inc.
Forsyth County
FOR THE
construction and operation of a water filtration plant wastewater treatment facili-
ty to include an influent pump station with (2) 2,000 GPM pumps and one (1) 1,500
GPM pump, a sludge settling tank, polymer feed system, sludge drying beds, a gravity
raw water return system with meter, and associated piping; with no discharge of
wastewater into the surface waters of the State,
pursuant to the application received November 6, 1978, and in conformity with
the project plans, specifications, and other supporting data, subsequently
filed and approved by the Department of Natural Resources and Community Develop-
ment and considered a part of this Permit.
This Permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until rescinded, and
shall be subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
1. This Permit shall become voidable unless the facilities are constructed
in accordance with the approved plans, specifications and other supporting
data.
2. This Permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of
wastes described in the application and other supporting data.
3. The facilities shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
4. This Permit is not transferable.
SrE#✓ PH, aas

Permit No. 5146
Page 2
5. There shall be no discharge of wastewater from this system into the
surface waters of the State.
69 Prior to the termination of the agreement between the King District Water
System, Inc. and Stokes County for disposal of alum sludge in the county
land fill, the Division of Environmental Management shall be notified in
writing of the continued method of sludge disposal from these facilities.
7. The method of final disposal of alum sludge from these facilities shall
not result in any contamination of the surface waters of the State.
Permit issued this the 24TH day of January, 1979.
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
1. 4wr./07.0
A. F. McRorie, Director
Division of Environmental Management
By Authority of the Secretary of the Department
of Natural Resources & Community Development
Permit No. 5146

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DE A OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES
RAL SIGH
•APPLICATION FOR PERMIT; TO DISCHARGE:
WASTEWATER FROM PeATMENT FACILITIES TO
OTEER WASTEWATER ZRE r pM , .,FACILITIES:; SEWER
Filed By: 'm :Inc.
Name) .
P . 0. Box 815':-s ,
(Address)
King, North Carolina 27021
DEM -WQS NO.1
8-1-74

INSTRUCTIONS
.,FOR
PREPARATION OF APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL
PLANS , AND ISSUANCE­OfPERMIT:
1. Application must be made in duplicate on this form. Failure to do so;` or
to fill in completely all blank spaces and furnish all information required
will delay the examination and approval of the plans and.the issuance of
"Permit".
2. The application must be signed by the Mayor or City Manager of a municipality,
the Chairman of a sanitary district board, the owner o`r proper officials of
a corporation, or the legally constituted board or commission having charge
of the proposed works' �:{',jrThe '`sigfi ture Doff-; thel d'esigii ng engineer or other
agent will be accepted only if accompanied by a letter of authorization.
3. Plans, specifications and other supporting data must be submitted in duplicate
in accordance with the`.ICes ','and =•Regulat'ions"'of `-the"Noi ffh Carolina Environmental
Management Commission, Department of Natural and Economic Resources regarding
the preparation and" submission rof=same:" '-
4. The Water Quality' TSection wiIL' expedite file study aiid ,:'review of all appli-
cations and plans relating to proposed pollution abatement projects as
rapidly as possible '�'howeuer, ithe="applicarit�°should allow a period of at
least 30 days for such study and review after all documents have been
furnished. The applicant should take into account this period of delay
when scheduling other action, such as advertising and receiving bids, award-
ing contracts and beginning construction of the proposed works.
5. All applications, plans, specifications, and other supporting documents
should be addressed to:
Department of Natural and Economic Resources
.. .o,_ mental Management,.
Division f .,Environ.. , , .
Water Quality Section
P. 0. Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 2.7611

19
TO; NORTH CAROLINA ENVIR0NMENTAL MiAMENT Ca4USSION
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES
RALEIGHr NORTH CAROLINA
Gentlemen:
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes
of North Carolina as amended, application is hereby made by King District
(Name of.board, individual
Water System. m, Inc
or others)
of the King, North Carolina in the county
(Name of city, village, town, sanitary district or establishment)
of Forsyth , to the North Carolina Environmental Management
(Location of Project)
Commission, Department of Natural and Economic Resources for the approval of the accom-
panying plans, specifications, and other data submitted herewith covering the construction
Of as wa#pr treatment plant waste recycle sMatem
and for a "Permit" for the discharge of filter backwash water and settling basin sludges
(sewage, industrial waste or other wastes)
from the water treatment plant
(sewers, pretreatment facilities, or treatment plant)
serving King District Water System, Inc. intosame as above (total recycle)
(Name of municipality,institution or industry,etc.) (Name of treatment plant)
or ground waters, tributary to
N/A at
(Name of water course)
N/A _
(Location of treatment plant)
The plans for the proposed works have been prepared by Odell Associates Inc.
(Engineering Firm)
201 North Elm Street of Greensboro, North Carolina 27401
(Address)
It is estimated that treatment works will provide adequate capacity to serve the
King District Water System, Inc. for a period of 20 years,
at which time it is estimated the average daily sewage or waste flow will not exceed
150,000 gallons. It is further expected that the treatment works will affect over-
all reductions in pollution as follows: B.O.D.(5-day 200C) N /A %, suspended solids
N A X, total solids N A %, coliform bacteria N/A %, and toxic materials*. The
cost of the proposed works is estimated to be: sewers $ 4,000 , pumping stations
$55.000 , treatment plant $130,000, other $ 5,000 The works will be completed
on or before January 1 , 19 81
The applicant hereby agrees that the proposed works will be constructed in strict accordance with the approved plans and
specifications or subsequently approved changes therein and further agrees to place its operation under the care of a competent
person and to maintain and operate the plant according to the best accepted prac ' •e and in accordance with t e plans and
specifications approved by the Commission.
Signature:
Robert Rorex
Title: Manager
Mailing Address: P • 0 . Box 815
King, North Carolina 27021
*Specify percentage reduction for each toxic substance, using additional sheet, if necessary.

s
SURVEY SHEET
COST OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORKS
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Division of Environmental Management r
P. 0. Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina
Project King District Water System, Inc., Water Plant
Wastewater System, Forsyth County
(Name and Location)
Grant No. Permit No. 5146
Date Permit Issued 1/24/79
Date of Completion
Design Engineer
A. DESCRIPTION:
(1) Type of Plant
(2) Design Capacity
P. E.
Avg. Flow (MGD)
B. CONSTRUCTION COSTS: (all contracts)'
(1) Treatment Facilities $
(2) Interceptors, Outfalls & Lift Stations
(3) Collection Sewers
SUBTOTAL ...................... $
C. OTHER COSTS:
(1) Technical Services
(2) Legal and Fiscal
(3) Administrative
(4) Contingency
_
(5) Plant Site and Rights -of -Way
(6) Miscellaneous
SUBTOTAL ..................... $
TOTAL (ALL COSTS) ............ $
D. General Contractor
E. Date Project Completed
F. Data Furnished By
(Name and Title)
G. Data Obtained By
WPC #50
2/8/78
Date

VIENNA QUADRANGLE 4�
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA NORTH CAROLINA 1140
DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT 1 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) -qV
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 554 1 590000 FEET 80-
. 36' 15'
4956 IV SW mi. To U.S. 52. 552 25' 553 . , - -
6 .. •�.. .
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